FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Madico, G Quinn, TC Rompalo, A McKee, KT Gaydos, CA AF Madico, G Quinn, TC Rompalo, A McKee, KT Gaydos, CA TI Diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection by PCR using vaginal swab samples (vol 36, pg 3205, 1998) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. Natl Inst Allergy & Infect Dis, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Madico, G (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 37 IS 6 BP 2124 EP 2124 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 197BN UT WOS:000080344900106 ER PT J AU Villalona-Calero, MA Weiss, GR Burris, HA Kraynak, M Rodrigues, G Drengler, RL Eckhardt, SG Reigner, B Moczygemba, J Burger, HU Griffin, T Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK AF Villalona-Calero, MA Weiss, GR Burris, HA Kraynak, M Rodrigues, G Drengler, RL Eckhardt, SG Reigner, B Moczygemba, J Burger, HU Griffin, T Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK TI Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of the oral fluoropyrimidine capecitabine in combination with paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid malignancies SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE; CANCER-PATIENTS; BREAST-CANCER; 5'-DEOXY-5-FLUOROURIDINE; TAXOL; DOXIFLURIDINE; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLITES; LEUCOVORIN; EXPRESSION AB Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of administering the oral fluoropyrimidine capecitabine in combination with paclitaxel, to characterize the principal toxicities of the combination, to recommend doses for subsequent disease-directed studies, and to determine whether significant pharmacokinetic interactions occur between these agents when combined. Patients and Methods Sixty-six courses of capecitabine and paclitaxel were administered to 17 patients in a two-stage dose escalation study. Paclitaxel wets administered as a 3-hour intravenous (IV) infusion every 3 weeks, and capecitabine was administered continuously as two divided daily doses. During stage I, capecitabine was escalated to a target dose of 1,657 mg/m(2)/d, whereas the paclitaxel dose was fixed at 135 mg/m(2). In stage II, paclitaxel was increased to a target dose of 175 mg/m(2), and the capecitabine dose was the maximum established in stage I. Pharmacokinetics were characterized for each drug when given alone and concurrently. Results: Myelosuppression, predominately neutropenia, was the principal dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Other toxicities included hand-foot syndrome, diarrhea, hyper-bilirubinemia, skin rash, myalgia, and arthralgia. Two patients treated with capecitabine 1,657 mg/m(2)/d and paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) developed DLTs, whereas none of six patients treated with capecitabine 1,331 mg/m(2)/d and paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) developed DLTs during course 1. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that capecitabine and paclitaxel did not affect the pharmacokinetic behavior of each other. No major antitumor responses were noted. Conclusion: Recommended combination doses of continuous capecitabine and paclitaxel are capecitabine 1,331 mg/m(2)/d and paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2)/d IV every 3 weeks, favorable preclinical mechanistic interactions between capecitabine and paclitaxel, as well as an acceptable toxicity profile without clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions, supper, the performance of disease-directed evaluations of this combination. (C) 1999 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Hoffmann La Roche Inc, Nutley, NJ USA. RP Villalona-Calero, MA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, B406 Starling Louing Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1 RR01346] NR 29 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 17 IS 6 BP 1915 EP 1925 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 206AA UT WOS:000080852800034 PM 10561233 ER PT J AU Isaacson, J Hollinger, RE Gundrum, D Baird, J AF Isaacson, J Hollinger, RE Gundrum, D Baird, J TI A controlled archaeological test site facility in Illinois: Training and research in archaeogeophysics SO JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A Controlled Archaeological Test Site (CATS) facility has been constructed in Champaign, Illinois, by the Cultural Resources Research Center at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, with funding provided by the National Center for Preservation Technology and Training. The test site will be utilized for research and training with geophysical applications in archaeology. The CATS facility replicates a range of archaeological features commonly encountered in North American archaeological sites and offers a controlled environment for the application of non-destructive investigative techniques. The site provides the opportunity for geophysicists and archaeologists to work with features of known geophysical attributes in a controlled geomorphological setting. In addition to providing a controlled "test bed" for training students in the use of geophysical techniques, the CATS facility will be available for research in a broad range of problems associated with archaeogeophysics, such as the effects of environmental conditions on geophysical expression, sensor type and configuration, data sample density, image processing and pattern recognition, operator variation, and feature variability. This research will contribute to our ability to interpret geophysical data and refine field methods for application in archaeological investigations. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. US Army Construction Engineering Res Lab, Champaign, IL USA. RP Isaacson, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU JOURNAL FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY PI BOSTON PA BOSTON UNIV 675 COMMONWEALTH AVE, BOSTON, MA 02215 USA SN 0093-4690 J9 J FIELD ARCHAEOL JI J. Field Archaeol. PD SUM PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 BP 227 EP 236 DI 10.2307/530663 PG 10 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA 268FQ UT WOS:000084404000007 ER PT J AU Miller, AC Payne, BS Shaffer, LR AF Miller, AC Payne, BS Shaffer, LR TI A shell gape monitor to study effects of physical disturbance on freshwater mussels SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIVER AB A bivalve shell gape monitor, previously used to detect toxic discharges in Europe, was used to measure response of the freshwater mussel Amblema plicata plicata (Say 1817) (Mollusca: Unionidae) to brief changes in water velocity. In the laboratory, overall behavior of eight A. p, plicata was virtually unaffected by exposure once every 2 hr to a 5-min pulse of high-velocity water (45 cm/s) created with a submersible pump. In the east channel of the upper Mississippi River near Prairie du Chien, WI, multiple passes of recreational craft reduced by only a few percent the total time that six A. p. plicata were opened during a 2-hr period. Only six of 42 events, caused by passage of a work boat or a 6.5-m-long skiff, caused a measurable response in mussel shell gape. It was concluded that A. p, plicata was not greatly affected by brief changes in ambient water velocity caused by vessel passage. C1 USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Miller, AC (reprint author), USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 7 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 14 IS 2 BP 241 EP 247 DI 10.1080/02705060.1999.9663675 PG 7 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 200VL UT WOS:000080560700011 ER PT J AU Payne, BS Miller, AC Shaffer, LR AF Payne, BS Miller, AC Shaffer, LR TI Physiological resilience of freshwater mussels to turbulence and suspended solids SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYTILUS-EDULIS; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; CORBICULA-FLUMINEA; FUSCONAIA-EBENA; WATER MUSSELS; ZEBRA MUSSEL; BIVALVIA; RIVER; GILL; SURVIVAL AB Laboratory experiments were designed to mimic the frequency, duration, and magnitude of water velocity changes associated with towboat and barge passage at prominent mussel beds in the upper Mississippi River. Ambient water velocity was set to 11 cm . s(-1), with regular 5-minute pulses of 45 cm . s(-1) occurring every 0.5, 2.0, or 5.0 hours. After 49 days mussels showed no significant inter-treatment differences in respiration, nitrogen excretion, O:N ratio, or tissue condition index. Additional short-term (14 days) laboratory experiments indicated additive effects of increased total suspended solids (TSS) during brief, intermittent periods of high water velocity. The 5-minute episodes of high velocity (50 cm . s(-1)) occurred once every 0.5 and 3.0 hours against an ambient velocity of 7 cm . s(-1). TSS rose from an ambient concentration of 20 mg . liter(-1) to 120 mg . liter(-1) during the episodes of high velocity. Significantly lower nitrogen excretion and higher O:N tended to occur in high versus ambient TSS treatments; however, these differences were small and inconsistent both among species within a treatment and among treatments for a particular species. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Biol, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Payne, BS (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 14 IS 2 BP 265 EP 276 DI 10.1080/02705060.1999.9663678 PG 12 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 200VL UT WOS:000080560700014 ER PT J AU Crosland, RD Canziani, GA AF Crosland, RD Canziani, GA TI Detection of sparse botulinum toxin A binding sites using fluorescent latex microspheres SO JOURNAL OF HISTOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Neuroscience CY NOV 11-16, 1995 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Neurosci, USDA, ARS, CSRS, OGPS DE diaphragm; immunohistochemistry; labeling; light microscopy; mouse; neuromuscular junction; synapse ID NERVE-TERMINALS; NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION; MOTOR NERVES; LOCALIZATION; NEUROTOXINS; ACCEPTORS AB The most potent toxins known are produced by strains of Clostridium botulinum. To paralyze the vertebrate neuromuscular junction, the toxins bind selectively to nerve endings, translocate into the presynaptic terminal, and hydrolyze proteins of the exocytotic apparatus, thus inhibiting the release of acetylcholine. Our goal was to develop a convenient, reliable technique to detect specific binding of botulinum toxin A to its targets, a technique that could be easily modified to detect the binding sites of other ligands as well. Our method utilized fluorescent latex microspheres and is theoretically capable of detecting a single binding site at the light microscopic level. Nonspecific binding sites on 7-mu m thick sections of unfixed, cryosectioned mouse diaphragm were first blocked with 20% goat serum in phosphate-buffered saline (GSI PBS). We incubated the diaphragm for 1 hr at 22 degrees with various concentrations of botulinum toxin A in GS/PBS, followed by incubation with rabbit anti-botulinum toxin A antiserum, biotin-labeled,goat anti-rabbit antibody, and finally avidin-labeled, 0.03 mu m diameter, fluorescent latex microspheres. As expected, binding was localized to the area of the neuromuscular junction. Binding was also observed in association with axons innervating some junctions. We could detect binding on diaphragms that were exposed to as little as 10 pM botulinum toxin A, which is in the low range of effective in vitro doses that block neuromuscular transmission. This is a convenient, sensitive, and specific technique for detecting botulinum toxin A binding sites that is easily modifiable for the detection of binding sites of other ligands as well. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Crosland, RD (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL SOC HISTOTECHNOLOGY PI BOWIE PA 4201 NORTHVIEW DR, STE 502, BOWIE, MD 20716-1073 USA SN 0147-8885 J9 J HISTOTECHNOL JI J. Histotechnol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 22 IS 2 BP 113 EP 115 PG 3 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 206FD UT WOS:000080865900007 ER PT J AU Barraza, EM Ludwig, SL Gaydos, JC Brundage, JF AF Barraza, EM Ludwig, SL Gaydos, JC Brundage, JF TI Reemergence of adenovirus type 4 acute respiratory disease in military trainees: Report of an outbreak during a lapse in vaccination SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY NOV 13, 1998 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Infectious Dis Soc Amer ID US-ARMY TRAINEES AB From 23 April to 13 May 1995, an outbreak of acute respiratory disease (ARD) hospitalizations occurred in basic training soldiers at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. Weekly hospitalization rates for the most affected military unit reached 11.6%. Virus isolation and serologic studies from a sample of patients identified the agent as adenovirus type 4. Prior to starting vaccinations against adenovirus types 4 and 7 in 1971, these serotypes were the major causes of ARD in basic trainees. No outbreaks were reported when the vaccines were used. A logistical error temporarily interrupted vaccine production, and newly arriving trainees received no adenovirus vaccines from the summer of 1994 through late March 1995, This outbreak occurred in unvaccinated soldiers. The sole manufacturer has permanently stopped adenovirus vaccine production. All type 4 vaccine supplies are now depleted. This outbreak demonstrates continued susceptibility of military recruits to adenovirus type 4 and warns of future outbreaks. C1 Prevent Med Serv, Ft Jackson, SC USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Ludwig, SL (reprint author), US Coast Guard Headquarters GWKH1, USPHS, 2100 2nd St SW, Washington, DC 20593 USA. NR 8 TC 53 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 179 IS 6 BP 1531 EP 1533 DI 10.1086/314772 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 200VQ UT WOS:000080561100028 PM 10228076 ER PT J AU Petruccelli, BP Goldenbaum, M Scott, B Lachiver, R Kanjarpane, D Elliott, E Francis, M McDiarmid, MA Deeter, D AF Petruccelli, BP Goldenbaum, M Scott, B Lachiver, R Kanjarpane, D Elliott, E Francis, M McDiarmid, MA Deeter, D TI Health effects of the 1991 Kuwait oil fires: A survey of US Army troops SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DAILY MORTALITY; AIR-POLLUTION; AIRBORNE; SMOKE AB The burning of oil wells in Kuwait in 1991 discharged a high volume of potentially toxic pollutants into the air. To determine whether there were health-related complaints associated with having lived and worked there, questionnaires were administered to 1599 soldiers after their return from a 3-month mission in Kuwait. Symptoms occurring before, during, and after the mission were queried, Compared with baseline, symptoms reported more frequently for the Kuwait period were eye and upper respiratory tract irritation shortness of breath, cough, rashes, and fatigue. Symptoms were associated with reported proximity to oil fires, and their incidence generally decreased after the soldiers left Kuwait. Oil-fire smoke is one of several possible factors that may have contributed to the reporting of symptoms. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Environm Hyg Agcy, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Occupat Safety & Hlth Adm, Washington, DC USA. RP Petruccelli, BP (reprint author), Prevent Med Serv, 11050 Mt Belvedere Blvd, Ft Drum, NY 13602 USA. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 41 IS 6 BP 433 EP 439 DI 10.1097/00043764-199906000-00008 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 206MQ UT WOS:000080883500008 PM 10390693 ER PT J AU de Silva, SR Bundy, ED Smith, PD Gaydos, JC AF de Silva, SR Bundy, ED Smith, PD Gaydos, JC TI A geographical information system technique for record-matching in a study of cancer deaths in welders SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILD-STEEL; STAINLESS-STEEL; LUNG-CANCER; MORTALITY; SHIPYARD; WORKERS; RISK AB Retrospective studies are frequently complicated by incomplete worker identifiers. We encountered this problem when evaluating the risk of cancer death in a welding cohort. We dealt with it by developing birth-date ranges for each welder with unknown birth dates and using geographical information system techniques in conjunction with last name, gender; and birth-date range to assign death certificates to welders on the basis of residential proximity to the worksite. Deaths for total malignant cancers and lung/tracheobronchial/pleural cancers among these welders were not significantly different from those in county, state, and US populations, using standardized mortality ratios. The ratios in our study subjects were consistent with ratios Sound in other published welder cohorts. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCCHB TS COE, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP de Silva, SR (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCCHB TS COE, Bldg 1570,5158 Black Hawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 41 IS 6 BP 464 EP 468 DI 10.1097/00043764-199906000-00012 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 206MQ UT WOS:000080883500012 PM 10390697 ER PT J AU Rethman, MP Nunn, ME AF Rethman, MP Nunn, ME TI Clinical versus statistical significance SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Baylor Coll Dent, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. RP Rethman, MP (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 70 IS 6 BP 700 EP 702 DI 10.1902/jop.1999.70.6.700 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 208QZ UT WOS:000081004000018 PM 10397527 ER PT J AU Murray, W AF Murray, W TI Some thoughts on war and geography SO JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES LA English DT Article AB The focus of this study is military historical looking in turn at the tactical, operational and strategic levels of war and geography primarily in the twentieth century. Even air power is a prisoner of terrain because of its need for bases. Mistakes at tactical and operational levels can be corrected promptly but not at the strategic level. The 'American Way of War' is defended because it recognises that only plentiful, logistics can overcome geography and get US forces to the theatre of war as happened in World War II. This lesson is in danger of having to be relearnt by the Pentagon. C1 USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Murray, W (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU FRANK CASS CO LTD PI ESSEX PA NEWBURY HOUSE, 900 EASTERN AVE, NEWBURY PARK, ILFORD, ESSEX IG2 7HH, ENGLAND SN 0140-2390 J9 J STRATEGIC STUD JI J. Strateg. Stud. PD JUN-SEP PY 1999 VL 22 IS 2-3 BP 201 EP + DI 10.1080/01402399908437761 PG 18 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 254LN UT WOS:000083613000011 ER PT J AU Conner, WC Gallagher, CM Miner, TJ Tavaf-Motamen, H Wolcott, KM Shea-Donohue, T AF Conner, WC Gallagher, CM Miner, TJ Tavaf-Motamen, H Wolcott, KM Shea-Donohue, T TI Neutrophil priming state predicts capillary leak after gut ischemia in rats SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE intestine; ischemia-reperfusion; neutrophil; inflammation; rat; CD18 ID MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; LUNG INJURY; CD18-INDEPENDENT MECHANISMS; INFLAMMATORY INJURY; REPERFUSION; LEUKOCYTE; EMIGRATION; MOLECULES; RABBITS AB Background. Multiple organ failure after serious injury or illness is a major determinant of mortality. An initial insult is believed to "prime" circulating neutrophils and induce systemic inflammation. Thereafter, a second insult will precipitate distant organ injury. The aim of these studies was to evaluate circulating neutrophil function after mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion to determine the neutrophil "priming state," a quantitative and clinically useful predictor of multiple organ failure. Materials and methods. Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats underwent superior mesenteric artery occlusion for 30 min or sham operation and were euthanized after 2, 6, or 24 h of reperfusion. Control animals had blood taken without any intervention. To determine changes in lung capillary permeability, another group of rats received Evan's blue, a dye that binds albumin, 1 h before sacrifice. Flow cytometric analysis was performed on 5 million white blood cells after removal of red cells by lysis and centrifugation. Neutrophil number, oxidative burst, and CD18 expression were measured. Results. The number of circulating neutrophils was elevated similarly in rats subjected to sham operation or ischemia-reperfusion. Oxidative burst potential was increased at 2 h, maximum at 6 h, and normal at 24 h after reperfusion, but not in sham rats. CD18 expression was similar in all groups. There was a significant temporal correlation between the "priming state" of the circulating neutrophil, defined as the product of the neutrophil number times oxidative burst, and lung leak. Conclusions. The neutrophil "priming state" may allow the clinician to better predict those patients at greatest risk for multiple organ failure. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bioinstrumentat Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Shea-Donohue, T (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 29 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD JUN 1 PY 1999 VL 84 IS 1 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1006/jsre.1999.5598 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 200ZY UT WOS:000080571200005 PM 10334884 ER PT J AU Ostashev, VE Goedecke, GH Wood, R Auvermann, H Clifford, SF AF Ostashev, VE Goedecke, GH Wood, R Auvermann, H Clifford, SF TI Sound scattering cross-section in a stratified moving atmosphere SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB For a realistic model of a stratified moving atmosphere with arbitrary vertical profiles of the adiabatic sound speed and wind velocity vector, an equation is derived for the sound scattering cross-section per unit volume, sigma, as a function of apparent scattering angle Theta(0). The effects of these profiles on sigma are studied numerically. It is shown that if the wind velocity is zero, but the adiabatic sound speed varies with height, then a can be affected significantly for Theta(0)<110 degrees. Furthermore, if the wind velocity varies with height, but the adiabatic sound speed does not, then a can be affected significantly for Theta(0)<110 degrees as well as Theta(0) near 180 degrees. These and other, numerical calculations have shown that in many cases acoustic remote sensing of the structure parameters of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations in the atmosphere should be based on the derived equation for a rather than on that used in the literature. The derived equation for sigma is also compared to those obtained by Clifford and Brown [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 55, 929-933 (1974)] and by Ye [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 102, 754-758 (1997)] for a model of a stratified moving atmosphere as two homogeneous layers in relative motion. It is explained why the predictions by Clifford and Brown are different from those by Ye. (C) 1999 Acoustical Society of America. [S0001-4966(99)03206-3]. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NOAA, ERL, ETL, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. RP Ostashev, VE (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 105 IS 6 BP 3115 EP 3125 DI 10.1121/1.424642 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 204RN UT WOS:000080778100014 ER PT J AU Sesto, MPG AF Sesto, MPG TI Lipoma of the first metatarsophalangeal joint SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Sesto, MPG (reprint author), USA, Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PODIATRIC MED ASSN PI BETHESDA PA 9312 OLD GEORGETOWN ROAD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-1621 USA SN 0003-0538 J9 J AM PODIAT MED ASSN JI J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 89 IS 6 BP 320 EP 322 PG 3 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 207HZ UT WOS:000080932600009 ER PT J AU McDonald, RMS AF McDonald, RMS TI Thomas Jefferson's changing reputation as author of the Declaration of Independence: The first fifty years SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC LA English DT Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP McDonald, RMS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 109 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC HISTORIANS EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC PI W LAFAYETTE PA PURDUE UNIV, 1358 UNIV HALL, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-1358 USA SN 0275-1275 J9 J EARLY REPUBL JI J. Early Repub. PD SUM PY 1999 VL 19 IS 2 BP 169 EP 195 DI 10.2307/3124951 PG 27 WC History SC History GA 221PW UT WOS:000081736300001 ER PT J AU Matthew, CB Sils, IV Tartarini, KA AF Matthew, CB Sils, IV Tartarini, KA TI The effects of estrogen on thermoregulation, heart rate, and activity in the female rat with comparisons to males SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE telemetry; estrogen; circadian periodicity; core temperature; heart rate; activity; thermoregulation; rats; animal; male vs female differences ID CORE TEMPERATURE; REPLACEMENT; OVARIECTOMY; RESPONSES; WOMEN AB Intact female (SHAM), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX with estradiol (E2), and male (MALE) rats, had core temperature (T-c), heart rate (HR), and activity (ACT) measured every 5 min for 10 days. E2 lowered T-c(SHAM > MALE greater than or equal to OVX > E2) and increased ACT (E2 > all other groups). Diurnal and mean 24 h HR was reduced in resting animals by E2 (OVX > SHAM > E2 > MALE). Significant differences in T-c and HR were quantified without the need to align the SHAM female data by estrus cycle phase. Telemetered female rats provide a sensitive model with which to measure the effects of subtle thermoeffectors on temperature regulation. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Matthew, CB (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 24 IS 3 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.1016/S0306-4565(99)00007-8 PG 8 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 204JU UT WOS:000080761800003 ER PT J AU Tasaki, O Goodwin, C Mozingo, DW Cioffi, WG Ishihara, S Brinkley, WW Dubick, MA Smith, RH Srivastava, O Pruitt, BA AF Tasaki, O Goodwin, C Mozingo, DW Cioffi, WG Ishihara, S Brinkley, WW Dubick, MA Smith, RH Srivastava, O Pruitt, BA TI Selectin blockade worsened lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in a swine model SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE LPS; Sulfo Lewis C; swine; selectins; adhesion molecule; lung injury; multiple inert gas elimination technique; free radical; granulocyte; hypoxemia ID INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; SMOKE-INHALATION INJURY; SOLUBLE E-SELECTIN; NEUTROPHIL SEQUESTRATION; GRANULOCYTE DEPLETION; ADHESION MOLECULE-1; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; BETA-2 INTEGRINS; ANTIBODY AB Background: Polymorphonuclear leukocytes have been reported to play an important role in various acute lung injuries. Neutrophil recruitment into tissues is a multistep process involving sequential engagement of adhesion molecules. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of selectin inactivation with Sulfo Lewis C (SO3-3 beta Gall-3 beta GlcNAc-O(CH2)(8)-COOMe) on the pulmonary response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion, Methods: All animals (n = 11) were pretreated with an intramuscular injection of a priming dose of Escherichia coli LPS (10 mu g/kg), Eighteen hours later, animals received an intravenous infusion of LPS (20 mu g/kg) over 20 minutes. All animals mere resuscitated with a lactated Ringer's solution. Group I(G1; n 5) received no additional treatment. Group II (G2; n = 6) received a bolus injection of Sulfo Lewis C (10 mg/kg) 10 minutes before LPS insult followed by a continuous infusion (1 mg/kg per hour) for the rest of the study. Animals were observed for 5 hours from initiation of the LPS infusion and killed. Cardiopulmonary variables and blood gases were measured serially. The multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET) was used to evaluate the matching of air flow and blood flow in the lung 5 hours after LPS infusion. Histologic evaluation of the parenchymal injury was performed by using light microscopy. The number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and red blood cells in the alveolar spaces per field at 400 x magnification mere counted in 10 randomly selected fields. Results: Hypoxemia, indexed as Pao(2)/FIo(2), was exacerbated by the administration of Sulfo Lewis C (G1:437 +/- 33 vs. G2: 241 +/- 63 mm Hg at 5 hours, p < 0.03), This finding is supported by the multiple inert gas elimination technique analysis, which demonstrated significantly greater blood flow to true shunt in G2 (G1:4.42 +/- 1.75 vs. G2:23.2 +/- 5.69, p < 0.02), There was no difference between the two groups in red blood cell counts in the alveolar spaces. However, polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts were significantly greater in G2 (G1:1.8 +/- 0.58 vs. G2:9.9 +/- 2.34, p < 0.01), Conclusion: Selectin blockade significantly worsened lung injury induced by LPS infusion, and greater numbers of neutrophils were observed in alveolar spaces in the group treated with Sulfo Lewis C, These findings are supported by the multiple inert gas elimination technique analysis, which demonstrated significantly greater blood flow to the true shunt compartment in treated animals, Further studies are required to determine the role of selectins in sepsis-induced lung injury. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Alberta Res Council, Edmonton, AB T6H 5X2, Canada. RP Tasaki, O (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 1999 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1089 EP 1095 DI 10.1097/00005373-199906000-00023 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 205BR UT WOS:000080801900027 PM 10372632 ER PT J AU Owen, JL Bolenbaucher, RM Moore, ML AF Owen, JL Bolenbaucher, RM Moore, ML TI Trauma registry databases: A comparison of data abstraction, interpretation, and entry at two level I trauma centers SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE trauma; trauma registry; performance improvement; coding AB Background: A key part of a viable trauma system is the Trauma Registry (TR), used for research, education, and performance improvement, This study sought to assess the consistency of data abstraction, interpretation, and entry by two hospitals with an identical TR database program. Methods: In phase Il trauma service personnel were queried as to how data were abstracted and entered into the TR, In phase II, a I-year retrospective review was conducted of TR data for two trauma centers in San Antonio, Texas, Results: The phase I review revealed substantial, variances in the coding and abstracting of TR data in 30 of the 500 elements (6%). Phase II demonstrated that, because of these, variances, considerable differences resulted in coded types and causes of injury. Conclusion: This study illustrates that these variances can impact attempts to combine databases, establish norms, or assess institutional outcomes. To ensure the standardization and accuracy of this valuable information, changes may be required. Recommendations include standardization and education, A uniform trauma registry or national certification may be necessary. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Baptist Hlth Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Owen, JL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 1999 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1100 EP 1104 DI 10.1097/00005373-199906000-00025 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 205BR UT WOS:000080801900029 PM 10372634 ER PT J AU Pile, JC Henchal, EA Christopher, GW Steele, KE Pavlin, JA AF Pile, JC Henchal, EA Christopher, GW Steele, KE Pavlin, JA TI Chikungunya in a North American traveler SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Pile, JC (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 137 EP 139 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.1999.tb00845.x PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 247LY UT WOS:000083223300014 PM 10381967 ER PT J AU Costabile, RA Spevak, M AF Costabile, RA Spevak, M TI Oral trazodone is not effective therapy for erectile dysfunction: A double-blind, placebo controlled trial SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE trazodone; impotence; penile erection ID IMPOTENCE; PRIAPISM; EFFICACY AB Purpose: The unusual side effect of priapism associated with the antidepressant trazodone has led researchers to evaluate its use for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Previous studies have shown nearly 70% efficacy in patients. Unfortunately, these studies have been anecdotal, retrospective or of combination therapy with yohimbine. A placebo controlled, fixed dose, double-blind crossover study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral trazodone for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Materials and Methods: A total of 51 patients with at least 3 months of complete erectile dysfunction were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive 50 mg. trazodone or placebo at bedtime. Evaluation consisted of a history, physical examination and laboratory studies, including hormonal evaluation, nocturnal penile tumescence evaluation, penile Doppler ultrasound and the Index of Sexual Satisfaction. Patients were followed at monthly intervals with an in clinic interview. After a 3-month treatment interval patients were reevaluated with index scores and crossed over after a 3-week washout period. Study end points included patient diary evaluations and index scores at the beginning of the study interval and the end of the first treatment period. Results: Of the 51 patients who enrolled in the study 48 completed both phases. Mean patient age was 65 years (range 31 to 80). After the first 3-month treatment interval 19% of patients receiving trazodone had improved erections compared to 24% receiving placebo (p <0.50). Of the trazodone group 35% had improvement in sex drive compared to 20% of the placebo group (p <0.36). Mean Index of Sexual Satisfaction scores changed after treatment from 31.7 to 27.5 for the trazodone group (p <0.50) and from 28.5 to 30.8 for the placebo group (p <0.49). Side effects included drowsiness in 31% of the patients, dry mouth in 1% and fatigue in 19%. Conclusions: Trazodone is no more effective than placebo in improving erections and sexual function in patients with severe physiological erectile dysfunction. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Costabile, RA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC USA. NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 161 IS 6 BP 1819 EP 1822 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)68813-1 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 194PJ UT WOS:000080202500022 PM 10332444 ER PT J AU VanCott, TC Mascola, JR Loomis-Price, LD Sinangil, F Zitomersky, N McNeil, J Robb, ML Birx, DL Barnett, S AF VanCott, TC Mascola, JR Loomis-Price, LD Sinangil, F Zitomersky, N McNeil, J Robb, ML Birx, DL Barnett, S TI Cross-subtype neutralizing antibodies induced in baboons by a subtype E gp120 immunogen based on an R5 primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; RECOMBINANT GP120; SOLUBLE CD4; HIV TYPE-1; OLIGOMERIC STRUCTURE; V3-SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES; GLYCOPROTEIN GP120; RECEPTOR-BINDING; EPITOPE EXPOSURE; MONOMERIC GP120 AB Global human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) diversity may require engineering vaccines to express antigens representing strains prevalent in the target population of vaccine testing. The majority (90%) of Incident infections in Thailand are genetic subtype E, with a small percentage of subtype B infections in the intravenous drug user populations. We have evaluated and compared the binding and HIV-1 neutralizing properties of serum antibodies induced in baboons by CHO cell-expressed monomeric gp120 derived from a CCR5-using (R5) subtype E primary HIV-1(CM235) or a CXCR4-using (X4) subtype B T-cell line-adapted (TCLA) HIV-1(SF2) isolate. In contrast to the subtype-specific HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies induced with recombinant HIV-1(SF2) gp120 (rgp120(SF2)), rgp120(CM235) immunization induced antibodies capable of neutralizing both subtype E and subtype B TCLA HIV-1 isolates. However, neither immunogen induced antibodies capable of neutralizing primary HIV-1 isolates. Antibody induced by rgp120(CM235) preferentially bound natively folded gp120 and retained strong cross-reactivity against multiple gp120 strains within subtype E as well as subtype B. In contrast, antibody responses to rgp120(SF2) were directed predominantly to linear epitopes poorly exposed on native gp120 and had more limited cross-recognition of divergent gp120, Fine epitope mapping revealed differences in antibody specificities. While both rgp120(CM235) and rgp120(SF2) induced antibodies to regions within C1, V1/V2, V3, and C5, unique responses were induced by rgp120(CM235) to multiple epitopes within C2 and by rgp120(SF2) to multiple epitopes within C3, V4, and C4. These data demonstrate that strain and/or phenotypic differences of HIV-1 subunit gp120 immunogens can substantially alter antibody binding specificities and subsequent HIV-1 neutralizing capacity. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. USN, Med Res Inst, Dept Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Chiron Corp, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. RP VanCott, TC (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, 13 Taft Ct,Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 88 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 73 IS 6 BP 4640 EP 4650 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 195UW UT WOS:000080271400014 PM 10233923 ER PT J AU Leitmeyer, KC Vaughn, DW Watts, DM Salas, R de Chacon, IV Ramos, C Rico-Hesse, R AF Leitmeyer, KC Vaughn, DW Watts, DM Salas, R de Chacon, IV Ramos, C Rico-Hesse, R TI Dengue virus structural differences that correlate with pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; DIFFERENT DISEASE SEVERITIES; RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURES; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCES; ENVELOPE PROTEIN-E; GENOME RNA; ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; RESISTANT MUTANTS AB The understanding of dengue virus pathogenesis has been hampered by the lack of in vitro and in vivo models of disease. The study of viral factors involved in the production of severe dengue, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), versus the more common dengue fever (DF), have been limited to indirect clinical and epidemiologic associations. In an effort to identify viral determinants of DHF, we have developed a method for comparing dengue type 2 genomes (reverse transcriptase PCR in six fragments) directly from patient plasma. Samples for comparison were selected from two previously described dengue type 2 genotypes which had been shown to be the cause of DF or DHF;. When full genome sequences of 11 dengue viruses were analyzed, several structural differences were seen consistently between those associated with DF only and those with the potential to cause DHF: a total of six encoded amino acid charge differences were seen in the prM, E, NS lb, and NS5 genes, while sequence differences observed within the 5' nontranslated region (NTR) and 3' NTR were predicted to change RNA secondary structures. We hypothesize that the primary determinants of DHF reside in (i) amino acid 390 of the E protein, which purportedly alters virion binding to host cells; (ii) in the downstream loop (nucleotides 68 to 80) of the 5' NTR,which may be involved in translation initiation; and (iii) in the upstream 300 nucleotides of the 3' NTR, which may regulate viral replication via the formation of replicative intermediates. The significance of four amino acid differences in the nonstructural proteins NS4b and NS5, a presumed transport protein and the viral RNA polymerase, respectively, remains unknown. This new approach to the study of dengue virus genome differences should better reflect the true composition of viral RNA populations in the natural host and permit their association with pathogenesis. C1 SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Detachment, APO, AA 34032 USA. Minist Sanidad & Assistencia Social, Inst Nacl Higiene Rafael Rangel, Caracas, Venezuela. Hosp Cent Maracay, Serv Epidemiol, Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela. Inst Nacl Salud Publ, CISEI, Cuernavaca 62508, Morelos, Mexico. RP Rico-Hesse, R (reprint author), SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, POB 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. RI Rico-Hesse, Rebeca/C-5294-2011 OI Rico-Hesse, Rebeca/0000-0001-6216-1000 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI01124, AI34533, P01 AI034533] NR 74 TC 367 Z9 397 U1 4 U2 48 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 73 IS 6 BP 4738 EP 4747 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 195UW UT WOS:000080271400025 PM 10233934 ER PT J AU Mann, EA McClean, MD Gurevich-Uvena, J Barkmeier, J McKenzie-Garner, P Paffrath, J Patow, C AF Mann, EA McClean, MD Gurevich-Uvena, J Barkmeier, J McKenzie-Garner, P Paffrath, J Patow, C TI The effects of excessive vocalization on acoustic and videostroboscopic measures of vocal fold condition SO JOURNAL OF VOICE LA English DT Article DE vocal abuse; videostroboscopy; perturbation; vocal fold AB Although dysphonia is a recognized consequence of acute vocal abuse, associated changes in vocal fold appearance and function are not well understood. To document these presumed effects of vocal abuse, audio recordings of sustained vowel production were obtained from 42 drill sergeants daily during the first 6 days of a vocally demanding training exercise. Acoustic analysis showed abnormal levels of jitter and shimmer on Day 1 in 16 of the 42 subjects. Considering only the 26 subjects who showed normal voice acoustics on Day 1, the median levels of jitter and shimmer varied little over the course of training, and significant increases in jitter and shimmer were not seen during the study period. However, the distributions for both jitter and shimmer became more positively skewed and showed a greater number of positive outliers over the course of training. This trend was attributed to 11 subjects who showed two or more instances of abnormal voice acoustics over Days 2 through 6. Laryngeal videostroboscopic recordings of sustained vowel production also were obtained prior to and following training. Perceptual ratings of these recordings by 2 observers revealed significant increases in vocal fold edema, erythema, and edge irregularity, and decreases in vocal fold mucosal wave and amplitude of excursion following the 5-day training period. In,general, there was considerable intersubject variability in the extent of acoustic and videostroboscopic effects over the course of training. Of the two types of data, videostroboscopy appears to provide a more sensitive indication of the effects of excessive vocalization. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, Bethesda, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Mann, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU SINGULAR PUBLISHING GROUP INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 401 WEST A ST, STE 325, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-7904 USA SN 0892-1997 J9 J VOICE JI J. Voice PD JUN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 294 EP 302 DI 10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80035-6 PG 9 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 216YR UT WOS:000081472500017 PM 10442762 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The Korean War: No victors, no vanquished. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 1999 VL 124 IS 10 BP 137 EP 138 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 201GY UT WOS:000080588100137 ER PT J AU Painter, PC Pruthtikul, R Coleman, MM Tan, NB AF Painter, PC Pruthtikul, R Coleman, MM Tan, NB TI An infrared spectroscopic study of a hyperbranched, dendrimer-like, polyester and its blends with poly(4-vinyl phenol) SO MACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article ID BONDED POLYMER BLENDS; FUNCTIONAL-GROUP ACCESSIBILITY AB A dendrimer-like hyperbranched polyester is characterized by infrared spectroscopy. By converting and labeling the terminal groups by acetylation with C-13 acetic anhydride, the relative accessibility of core and terminal functional groups to solvents and linear polymers can be measured by counting the number of hydrogen bonds formed between the complementary functional groups found in these materials. The terminal groups form hydrogen bonds as readily as the same groups in linear polymers, but the core groups are highly screened. These results suggest that in these mixtures the dendrimer is extended, with the terminal groups located near the periphery of the molecule. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Painter, PC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1022-1360 J9 MACROMOL SYMP JI Macromol. Symp. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 141 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.1002/masy.19991410107 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 235VA UT WOS:000082562200006 ER PT J AU Deb, KK AF Deb, KK TI Update: a protein microbolometer for focal plane arrays SO MATERIALS RESEARCH INNOVATIONS LA English DT Article DE uncooled detectors; IR bolometers; ferricytochrome c layers; high TCR; negative resistance ID FILMS AB The current infrared microbolometer technology using vanadium oxide material is not quite as sensitive as a cooled platinum silicide or cooled mercury cadmium telluride or indium antimonide array. The performance factor of the present IR bolometer needs to be improved by at least an order of magnitude to make a bolometric IR device comparable to the cooled detector arrays. I recently reported [1] that thin films of globular proteins such as cytochrome c exhibit a high temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) value of about 10% as compared with a value of 2.0 to 2.5% normally observed in VOx films. The measurements that were initially reported were taken two weeks after the thin films had been prepared. The measurement of the TCR values presented in this report were taken within three days of the films being prepared. These TCR values are very high, approximately 35% for temperatures between 25 and 60 degrees C, and they have a sheet resistance around 1 to 2 Omega/cm(2) with a current of 1 mA. The values of TCR were very uniform over the wafer surface, but the values varied slightly from wafer to wafer. It appears that a cytochrome c monolayer on metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) electronics could generate miniaturized, uncooled IR detector arrays that would be suitable for military and commercial applications that require very high performance and low-power drain. With these high TCR values, biological uncooled devices will have the potential for long-range thermal imaging applications comparable to cooled detectors. I have also examined the sheet resistance of the protein layer with an increase in the bias current near ambient temperature. I found that the sheet resistance of cytodchrome c rapidly goes towards the negative values as the bias current is increased. On the other hand, TCR characteristics remained unchanged with an increase in bias current. This is a very interesting phenomenon that has never been reported in biomolecules. I am making further explorations into the electrical properties of many proteins for possible device applications. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Deb, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1432-8917 J9 MATER RES INNOV JI Mater. Res. Innov. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 3 IS 1 BP 66 EP 68 DI 10.1007/s100190050126 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 210RB UT WOS:000081117500010 ER PT J AU Lee, NE Chen, D Waggener, RG Blough, MM AF Lee, NE Chen, D Waggener, RG Blough, MM TI Measured water transmission curves and calculated zero field size tumor maximum ratios for 4, 6, and 15 MV x-rays SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE zero field size TMR; linear attenuation coefficients; transmission measurements; spectra; megavoltage AB A multihole diverging Cerrobend plug for megavoltage energies was used to measure water transmission values at different locations in a 20x20 cm field at 100 cm source-to-axis distance (SAD) for 4, 6, and 15 MV therapy photon beams. The transmission curves in water were measured at 25 locations across the 20x20 held, and each location was separated by 5 cm at the isocenter. Each transmission value was made using a 0.3175 cm diameter (0.079 cm(2) area) hole of 20 cm length at the central axis (CAX). The small field measured transmission curve in water was used to derive the zero field size tumor maximum ratio (TMR) and the primary photon exposure spectrum as a function of energy at depth. The exposure spectrum was used to find an effective photon energy and linear attenuation coefficient at depth and at different locations in the field. These values were found to vary with location in the field. (C) 1999 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Radiat Oncol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Radiat Oncol, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Lee, NE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Radiat Oncol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 26 IS 6 BP 956 EP 961 DI 10.1118/1.598488 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 207WM UT WOS:000080958800013 PM 10436897 ER PT J AU Mitin, VV Romanov, DA Glavin, BA Stroscio, MA AF Mitin, VV Romanov, DA Glavin, BA Stroscio, MA TI Stimulated optical phonon decay in GaAs GaAlAs heterostructures SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on New Phenomena in Mesoscopic Structures CY DEC 07-11, 1998 CL KAUAI, HAWAII SP Japan Soc Promot Sci, 151st Comm Electr Propert Extreme Struct C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept ECE, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, Res Off, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Mitin, VV (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept ECE, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 47 IS 1-4 BP 361 EP 363 DI 10.1016/S0167-9317(99)00234-8 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA 215VF UT WOS:000081403600085 ER PT J AU Mitin, VV Pipa, VI Stroscio, MA AF Mitin, VV Pipa, VI Stroscio, MA TI Contribution of effective mass variation to electro-acoustic phonon interaction in semiconductor nanostructures SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on New Phenomena in Mesoscopic Structures CY DEC 07-11, 1998 CL KAUAI, HAWAII SP Japan Soc Promot Sci, 151st Comm Electr Propert Extreme Struct AB The finite-size effects of the electron-acoustic phonon of the deformation-potential interaction in semiconductor heterostructures are studied. Modification of the interaction originates from the phonon induced changes of the interface spacing and electron effective mass. Calculations of the electron mobility for a quantum well (QW) show that for narrow GaAs-based QWs, the contribution of the additional mechanisms to the intrasubband scattering depends on the sign of the deformation potential constant and can exceed that from the usual deformation potential. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Inst Semicond Phys, UA-252650 Kiev, Ukraine. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Mitin, VV (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 47 IS 1-4 BP 373 EP 375 DI 10.1016/S0167-9317(99)00237-3 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA 215VF UT WOS:000081403600088 ER PT J AU Raugh, HE AF Raugh, HE TI Great Britain, the United States, and the security of the Middle East: The formation of the Baghdad pact SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INSTITUTE PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N STREET NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA SN 0026-3141 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD SUM PY 1999 VL 53 IS 3 BP 497 EP 498 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 219VU UT WOS:000081628600033 ER PT J AU Seidel, MG AF Seidel, MG TI Moving mountains: Lessons in leadership and logistics from the Gulf War SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Grad Course 47, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Seidel, MG (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Grad Course 47, Charlottesville, VA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 160 BP 257 EP 265 PG 9 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 204GJ UT WOS:000080755500006 ER PT J AU Agar, JR AF Agar, JR TI Breaking the phalanx: A new design for landpower in the 21st century SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 47, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Agar, JR (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 47, Charlottesville, VA USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 160 BP 266 EP 271 PG 6 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 204GJ UT WOS:000080755500007 ER PT J AU James, LC Folen, RA Page, H Noce, M Brown, J Britton, C AF James, LC Folen, RA Page, H Noce, M Brown, J Britton, C TI The Tripler LE(3)AN Program: A two-year follow-up report SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OBESITY TREATMENT PROGRAM; BODY-MASS INDEX; BLOOD-PRESSURE; BINGE EATERS; WEIGHT; HEALTH; WALKING; NAVY; CONSEQUENCES; MANAGEMENT AB This paper provides a review of a-year follow-up data on the Triples Army Medical Center LE(3)AN Program, The LE(3)AN Program [emphasizing healthy Lifestyles, reasonable Exercise, realistic Expectations, Emotions, and Attitudes, and Nutrition] provides active duty service members a treatment strategy that involves a reasonable low-intensity exercise regimen, behavior modification, intensive nutritional counseling, healthy meal planing, relapse prevention strategies, cognitive coping strategies, and healthy lifestyle principals to lose weight and maintain weight loss, Based on the 2-year data and additional clinical findings, we expand upon earlier preliminary reports, The P-year follow-up data suggest that the program is a safe and efficacious treatment program. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP James, LC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 54 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 164 IS 6 BP 389 EP 395 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 205UD UT WOS:000080838200003 PM 10377705 ER PT J AU James, LC Folen, RA Porter, RI Kellar, MA AF James, LC Folen, RA Porter, RI Kellar, MA TI A conceptual overview of a proactive health psychology service: The tripler health psychology model SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO-CESSATION PROGRAM; PREVALENCE; DEPRESSION; POSTPARTUM; ADHERENCE; HYPNOSIS; LABOR; CARE AB The military patient population, the demanding environment in which medical services are provided, and the rigors of the operational environment create a unique challenge for service members as well as military health care providers, Within the military medical system, the subspecialty of clinical health psychology may provide patient care and consultation interventions necessary to meet the demands of the unique Army medical and military communities. As funding and other resources decrease, military health psychologists can provide high-quality care to difficult-to-manage patients while increasing outcome efficacy and decreasing costs to the hospital. This paper provides a definition of clinical health psychology and a description of its unique interventions and applications and how these unique skills augment medical services. Moreover, we offer a conceptual model for an innovative health psychology program that will assist other military treatment facilities in designing programs to increase outcome efficacy and concurrently reduce costs and utilization of services. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Behav Med & Hlth Psychol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP James, LC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Behav Med & Hlth Psychol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 164 IS 6 BP 396 EP 400 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 205UD UT WOS:000080838200004 PM 10377706 ER PT J AU Battista, RM Creedon, JF Salyer, SW AF Battista, RM Creedon, JF Salyer, SW TI Knowledge and use of birth control methods in active duty army enlisted medical trainees SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION; UNINTENDED PREGNANCY AB This study was designed to determine the familiarity of medical advanced individual training (AIT) students with current methods of birth control and to evaluate the accessibility of these methods. A survey was distributed to 578 medical specialist AIT students assigned to Fort Sam Houston, Texas, for training. Results obtained show a lack of knowledge concerning the newer forms of contraceptives available. This study also indicates that barriers may exist that limit a soldier's ability to acquire prescription forms of contraception while in training. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, EM, MCHE, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Battista, RM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, EM, MCHE, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 164 IS 6 BP 407 EP 409 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 205UD UT WOS:000080838200006 PM 10377708 ER PT J AU Ecklund, JM Mauer, PK Ellenbogen, RG AF Ecklund, JM Mauer, PK Ellenbogen, RG TI Cerebral abscess after presumed superficial periorbital wound SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTRACRANIAL WOOD; FOREIGN-BODIES; PENCIL; TOMOGRAPHY; INJURIES; CHILDREN AB Penetrating wounds in the periorbital region may appear superficial and minor at first glance. The unique shape and thin bony roof of the orbit give these injuries a significant risk of associated intracranial penetration, This can initially be asymptomatic, and a high index of suspicion is essential to properly diagnose and treat these injuries, We report a case of an 8-year-old female who presented with delayed seizures from a frontal abscess resulting from such an injury. This article reviews the literature and discusses the appropriate management that should be used by emergency room and military physicians. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ecklund, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 164 IS 6 BP 444 EP 445 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 205UD UT WOS:000080838200014 PM 10377716 ER PT J AU McGrail, MA AF McGrail, MA TI Common peroneal nerve palsy in a UH-60 aviator SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A case of common peroneal nerve palsy in a UH-60 Blackhawk U.S. Army helicopter pilot is reported. A review of the literature revealed several reports of common peroneal nerve palsy, although there were no published reports of this injury secondary to performing flight duties in the UH-60 cockpit. A common practice among Blackhawk pilots is to brace the "collective" with their left knee, subjecting the common peroneal nerve to possible injury. This action should be considered as a possible cause of common peroneal nerve palsy in this select group of aviators. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP McGrail, MA (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 164 IS 6 BP 446 EP 447 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 205UD UT WOS:000080838200015 PM 10377717 ER PT J AU Kirk, AD Burkly, LC Batty, DS Baumgartner, RE Berning, JD Buchanan, K Fechner, JH Germond, RL Kampen, RL Patterson, NB Swanson, SJ Tadaki, DK TenHoor, CN White, L Knechtle, SJ Harlan, DM AF Kirk, AD Burkly, LC Batty, DS Baumgartner, RE Berning, JD Buchanan, K Fechner, JH Germond, RL Kampen, RL Patterson, NB Swanson, SJ Tadaki, DK TenHoor, CN White, L Knechtle, SJ Harlan, DM TI Treatment with humanized monoclonal antibody against CD154 prevents acute renal allograft rejection in nonhuman primates SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CD40 LIGAND; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; T-CELLS; HELP; LYMPHOCYTES; ACTIVATION; TOLERANCE; SURVIVAL; GAMMA AB CD154 is the ligand for the receptor CD40. This ligand-receptor pair mediates endothelial and antigen-presenting cell activation, and facilitates the interaction of these cells with T cells and platelets. We demonstrate here that administration of a CD154-specific monoclonal antibody (hu5C8) allows for renal allotransplantation in outbred, MHC-mismatched rhesus monkeys without acute rejection. The effect persisted for more than 10 months after therapy termination, and no additional drug was required to achieve extended graft survival. Indeed, the use of tacrolimus or chronic steroids seemed to antagonize the anti-rejection effect. Monkeys treated with antibody against CD154 remained healthy during and after therapy. The mechanism of action does not require global depletion of T or B cells. Long-term survivors lost their mixed lymphocyte reactivity in a donor-specific manner, but still formed donor-specific antibody and generated T cells that infiltrated the grafted organ without any obvious effect on graft function. Thus, therapy with antibody against CD154 is a promising agent for clinical use in human allotransplantation. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Immune Cell Biol Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Div Transplantat, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Biogen Inc, Cambridge Ctr 14, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. RP Kirk, AD (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Immune Cell Biol Program, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012; Fechner, John/C-5962-2016 OI Fechner, John/0000-0002-8220-7237 NR 23 TC 605 Z9 629 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 5 IS 6 BP 686 EP 693 DI 10.1038/9536 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 205LR UT WOS:000080823300038 PM 10371508 ER PT J AU Mohan, RV Ngo, ND Tamma, KK Shires, DR AF Mohan, RV Ngo, ND Tamma, KK Shires, DR TI Three-dimensional resin transfer molding: Isothermal process modeling and implicit tracking of moving fronts for thick, geometrically complex composites manufacturing applications - Part 2 SO NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB In the manufacture of complex thick composite structures, isothermal process modeling simulation tools analyzing the three-dimensional flow of resin impregnating the thick fiber preform are instrumental in initial process optimizations. Re present a new implicit formulation based on accurately faking into account the transient nature of the time-dependent conservation of resin mass and employing the pure finite element method to implicitly solve for the pressure field and to hack the flow front progression of the resin inside the mold cavity. Our emphasis is on thick composites. Our previous efforts involved two-dimensional thin sections [1] and the implicit type approach. The present method is an extension of that effort to three-dimensional thick composites. The numerical developments involving the present implicit methodology and hacking of the resin progression flow fronts provide an improved and physically accurate representation of the physical problem. They do not involve the time step restrictions based on the Courant condition as in the traditional explicit finite element-control volume (FE-CV) associated formulation discussed in Part 1 in this issue. Instead, we treat the transient process as a series of quasi-steady-state processes. For illustrative purposes, the present developments are first validated with simple geometries, then extended to practical applications for isothermal conditions, and finally, contrasted to part 1 in this issue of this study. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Engn Mech, Inst Technol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tamma, KK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Engn Mech, Inst Technol, 125 Mech Engn Bldg,111 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 USA SN 1040-7782 J9 NUMER HEAT TR A-APPL JI Numer. Heat Tranf. A-Appl. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 35 IS 8 BP 839 EP 858 PG 20 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA 212KP UT WOS:000081216100002 ER PT J AU Holck, DEE Boyd, EM Ng, J Mauffray, RO AF Holck, DEE Boyd, EM Ng, J Mauffray, RO TI Benefits of stereolithography in orbital reconstruction SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Ophthalmology CY OCT-NOV -, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Acad Ophthalmol ID CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY; MODEL; CT AB Objective: To describe the benefits of the stereolithography (SLA) modeling system in the evaluation and surgical planning of selected bony orbital pathology. Design: Two case reports. Participants: One patient presented with a displaced left orbital roof fracture into his orbit causing globe compression and binocular vertical diplopia. A second patient underwent removal of his right orbital floor, medial wall, and inferior portion of his lateral wall during excision of a cylindrical cell papilloma of the paranasal sinuses. Postoperatively, he suffered from globe ptosis and binocular oblique diplopia, Intervention: Stereolithographic models of the patients' orbits were obtained from computed tomography data to better assess the bony orbital pathology. In the second patient, the model was used as a template to create a temporary custom fit prosthesis to repair the defect of his orbital walls. Results: The SLA models were useful in evaluating the dimensions of the bony defects and in preoperative surgical planning. Intraoperatively, the SLA models facilitated orbital surgical rehabilitation. Postoperatively, both patients noted resolution of their diplopia after reconstruction of more normal bony anatomy. Conclusions: In selected cases, SLA offers highly accurate models of the bony orbit for preoperative evaluation, surgical planning, and teaching and can act as a template for custom prosthesis manufacturing, This technology increases the orbital surgeon's options in managing complex orbital pathology. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Holck, DEE (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol MMKT, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 17 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD JUN PY 1999 VL 106 IS 6 BP 1214 EP 1218 DI 10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90254-3 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 201GR UT WOS:000080587500041 PM 10366095 ER PT J AU Berry, DS Miller, RS Hooke, JA Massung, RF Bennett, J Ottolini, MG AF Berry, DS Miller, RS Hooke, JA Massung, RF Bennett, J Ottolini, MG TI Ehrlichial meningitis with cerebrospinal fluid morulae SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Ehrlichia; diagnosis; meningitis; morulae; polymerase chain reaction C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Berry, DS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 18 IS 6 BP 552 EP 555 DI 10.1097/00006454-199906000-00016 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 205CU UT WOS:000080804400015 PM 10391189 ER PT J AU Callahan, CW Bass, JW Person, DA Shira, JE AF Callahan, CW Bass, JW Person, DA Shira, JE TI History of military pediatrics: Fifty years of training and deploying uniformed pediatricians SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; OFFICERS VIEW; HUMANITARIAN C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Hosp, Denver, CO USA. RP Callahan, CW (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 6 BP 1298 EP 1303 DI 10.1542/peds.103.6.1298 PN 1 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 201UF UT WOS:000080613400043 PM 10353948 ER PT J AU Britt, TW AF Britt, TW TI Engaging the self in the field: Testing the triangle model of responsibility SO PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; FAILURE; THOUGHT; HEALTH; WORK AB This study tested the Triangle Model of Responsibility in predicting the experience and effects of self-engagement among U.S. Army soldiers. The different components of the Triangle Model independently predicted engagement in different samples. Furthermore, differences in engagement among units during a military operation were a function of the components of the model. Another study showed that soldiers' perceptions of their leaders' views of the components of the model predicted soldiers' views of how much their leaders thought they were engaged in their job and that discrepancies between soldiers' own views and their views of their leaders were related to lower trust and confidence in unit leaders. Finally, work-related experiences were mon likely to be related to the psychological health of soldiers when they, were engaged in their jobs than wizen they were disengaged. The results shed light on the rob of self-engagement in the process of self-regulation. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Britt, TW (reprint author), King Coll, Dept Psychol, Bristol, TN 37620 USA. NR 32 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0146-1672 J9 PERS SOC PSYCHOL B JI Pers. Soc. Psychol. Bull. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 25 IS 6 BP 696 EP 706 PG 11 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 198CU UT WOS:000080405100005 ER PT J AU Cornelius, CM Dowling, JP AF Cornelius, CM Dowling, JP TI Modification of Planck blackbody radiation by photonic band-gap structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID INHIBITED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; APPARATUS-DEPENDENT CONTRIBUTIONS; QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS; DIPOLE ANTENNAS; LEVEL SHIFTS; CONDUCTING PLATES; PARALLEL MIRRORS; 2ND QUANTIZATION; OPTICAL DIODE; SIMPLE ATOMS AB We discuss a simple one-dimensional (1D) model of the modification of Planck blackbody radiation by photonic band-gap materials (PBG's). The model gives qualitative predictions for the thermal power spectrum of 2D and 3D PEG structures, and quantitative results for 1D, distributed Bragg reflecting PBC thin films. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Sci & Tech Off,Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Weapons Sci Directorate,AMSAM,RD,WS,ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Quantum Algorithms & Technol Grp, Sect 365, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Cornelius, CM (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Sci & Tech Off,Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Weapons Sci Directorate,AMSAM,RD,WS,ST, Bldg 7804, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RI DOWLING, JONATHAN/L-2749-2013 NR 92 TC 115 Z9 119 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUN PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 4736 EP 4746 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.4736 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 204RH UT WOS:000080777600080 ER PT J AU Emory, RE Bean, CW Bonnecarrere, ER Jorgenson, DS AF Emory, RE Bean, CW Bonnecarrere, ER Jorgenson, DS TI Reevaluating the need for routine drainage in reduction mammaplasty SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Plast Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Emory, RE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Plast Surg Serv, 6825 16th St NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 7 BP 2088 EP 2089 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 200PU UT WOS:000080549700063 PM 10359289 ER PT J AU Holloway, HC Benedek, DM AF Holloway, HC Benedek, DM TI The changing face of terrorism and military psychiatry SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID INTERVENTION; TRAUMA C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Mil Forens Psychiat Program, Natl Capitol Consortium, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Holloway, HC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 29 IS 6 BP 363 EP 375 PG 13 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 205WC UT WOS:000080842700008 ER PT J AU Lu, Y Chen, TQ Weiman, CFR Novak, B AF Lu, Y Chen, TQ Weiman, CFR Novak, B TI Video compression for remotely controlled vehicles SO REAL-TIME IMAGING LA English DT Article AB In this paper we describe a video compression system developed for remotely controlled vehicles. Unlike most video compression systems, the component algorithms here are designed to match the informational properties of human color and contrast channels. The algorithms have been implemented on a four-processor real-time compression hardware system. The implemented system significantly reduces the bandwidth of video transmission but still keeps the important images features constructable in high accuracy. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Helpmate Robot Inc, Danbury, CT 06810 USA. USA, TACOM, Warren, MI USA. RP Lu, Y (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1077-2014 J9 REAL-TIME IMAGING JI Real-Time Imaging PD JUN PY 1999 VL 5 IS 3 BP 155 EP 165 DI 10.1006/rtim.1997.0109 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 191HB UT WOS:000080016000001 ER PT J AU Priest, RF Krause, JV Beach, J AF Priest, RF Krause, JV Beach, J TI Four-year changes in college athletes' ethical value choices in sports situations SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 102nd Annual Conference of the American-Psychological-Association CY AUG 11-16, 1994 CL LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Psychol Assoc DE deontology; Hahm-Beller inventory; longitudinal study; United States Military Academy ID PERCEIVED LEGITIMACY; MORAL GROWTH; ACTS AB Positive values for fairness in competition are supposed to undergird the behavior of athletes engaged in sport. Whether athletes' values actually develop over 4 years in a college that emphasizes character development is the focus of this this study. Athletes' (N = 631) use of deontological ethics (Hahm, Beller & Stoll, 1989) in 21 sports value dilemmas were evaluated. At entrance, as well as near graduation, intercollegiate athletes' value scores were lower than intramural athletes' scores. Both groups' scores declined while they were in college. Individual-sport athletes had higher scores than team-sport athletes but manifested a greater decline over 4 years. The findings are consistent with other studies that show decreases in. "sportsmanship orientation" and an increase in "professional" attitudes associated with participation in sport. C1 US Mil Acad, Off Policy Planning & Anal, Dept Educ Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Priest, RF (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Off Policy Planning & Anal, Dept Educ Phys, Bldg 2101, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD JUN PY 1999 VL 70 IS 2 BP 170 EP 178 PG 9 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 205ZC UT WOS:000080850200008 PM 10380248 ER PT J AU Day, S Streever, WJ Watts, JJ AF Day, S Streever, WJ Watts, JJ TI An experimental assessment of slag as a substrate for mangrove rehabilitation SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; HERBIVORY; GROWTH AB Rehabilitation of mangrove habitat has become common practice, but few studies have investigated the growth and survival of mangrove on artificial substrates. Managers attempting to plant mangrove in sites containing artificial substrates must remove substrates or risk poor performance of rehabilitation efforts. This study compared propagule retention, early survival, growth, flowering success, and nutrient concentrations of Avicennia marina (grey mangrove) grown on sand, naturally occurring substrate, and rock blast furnace slag over two growing seasons at an experimental site near Newcastle, Australia. Nutrient concentrations of experimental plants were also compared to those of naturally occurring plants. Experimental results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in short-term survival, growth over the two growing seasons, and carbon and nitrogen concentrations between plants grown on different substrates. Comparison of plants grown in slag and plants from reference sites suggests, however, that slag does not lead to anomalies in nutrient concentrations of young mangroves. Although the results identified some differences between plants grown on river sand, naturally occurring substrate, and slag substrate, the absence of consistent differences suggests that mangroves planted in slag are under no greater risk of future failure than mangroves planted in naturally occurring substrate. C1 Univ Newcastle, Dept Civil Surveying & Environm Engn, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. Univ Newcastle, Dept Biol Sci, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. RP Streever, WJ (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, CEWES ER W, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 7 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1046/j.1526-100X.1999.72004.x PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 209DZ UT WOS:000081034100004 ER PT J AU Roofe, SB Boyd, EM Houston, GD Edgin, WA AF Roofe, SB Boyd, EM Houston, GD Edgin, WA TI Squamous cell carcinoma arising in the epithelial lining of a dentigerous cyst SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ODONTOGENIC CYSTS AB The dentigerous cyst is a common oral lesion arising as a developmental anomaly during amelogenesis. In rare instances, the epithelial lining of these cysts may give rise to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Fewer than 50 cases of this rare entity have been reported in the world literature to date, We present an additional case of SCC arising in a dentigerous cyst with a rationale for our treatment approach. In addition, we offer a review of the literature and a review of the clinical, histologic, and radiographic findings associated with this finding. We discuss epidemiologic data and treatment options. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Oral Maxillofacial Surg, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Roofe, SB (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 92 IS 6 BP 611 EP 614 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 205NR UT WOS:000080827900011 PM 10372856 ER PT J AU Tripathy, SK Kim, DY Li, L Viswanathan, NK Balasubramanian, S Liu, W Wu, P Bian, S Samuelson, L Kumar, J AF Tripathy, SK Kim, DY Li, L Viswanathan, NK Balasubramanian, S Liu, W Wu, P Bian, S Samuelson, L Kumar, J TI Photo-fabrication of electroactive polymers for photonics. SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals (ICSM 98) CY JUL 12-18, 1998 CL MONTPELLIER, FRANCE DE spin casting; self-assembly using surface chemistry; amorphous thin films; polyaniline and derivatives; other conjugated and conducting polymers ID FILMS; GRATINGS; SURFACES AB Novel ate chromophore containing polymers have been synthesized both chemically and enzymatically. Surface initiated mechanism for relief structure form ation on the azo polymer films have been studied for a high molecular weight azo functionalized poly(acrylic acid) by restricting the free surface in a controlled manner. Enzyme catalyzed poly(phenol) and polyaniline containing azo functional groups have also been synthesized and for the first time the feasibility of these biologically derived electroactive polymers for surface relief grating applications are undertaken. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Sci Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Tripathy, SK (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RI kim, dong yu/C-1106-2008 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JUN PY 1999 VL 102 IS 1-3 BP 893 EP 896 DI 10.1016/S0379-6779(00)89053-0 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 209PF UT WOS:000081056400013 ER PT J AU Birkmire-Peters, DP Peters, LJ Whitaker, LA AF Birkmire-Peters, DP Peters, LJ Whitaker, LA TI A usability evaluation for telemedicine medical equipment SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This paper describes a conceptual framework and human factors evaluation for usability assessment of commercially available telemedicine technology. Four criteria of human factors evaluation are utilized: (1) technical acceptability; (2) operational effectiveness; (3) clinical appropriateness; and (4) equipment selection. These criteria were applied to commercially available video-otoscope systems for otological evaluations. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Whitaker Associates, Dayton, OH USA. RP Birkmire-Peters, DP (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 2 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1078-3024 J9 TELEMED J JI Telemed. J. PD SUM PY 1999 VL 5 IS 2 BP 209 EP 212 DI 10.1089/107830299312177 PG 4 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 239ND UT WOS:000082773500010 PM 10908433 ER PT J AU Reid, TJ Esteban, G Clear, M Gorogias, M AF Reid, TJ Esteban, G Clear, M Gorogias, M TI Platelet membrane integrity during storage and activation SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article AB BACKGROUND: The platelet cell membrane appears to undergo a lipid-phase transition on cooling from 23 degrees C to 4 degrees C. Consequences of this phase transition are leakage of cellular material and irreversible cellular damage. Whether agents, of known benefit in protecting membranes and proteins from cooling and drying injury, could also protect platelets was investigated. Leakage of cytosolic components was assessed by measuring the release of fluorescein into the surrounding medium. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Fresh platelets were suspended in 5 percent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or in 5 mM of one the following agents: glucose, trehalose, sucrose, glycerol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, or L-proline. Platelets were loaded with 10 nM fluorescein diacetate (FD), chilled at 4 degrees C for 24 hours or frozen at 1 degrees C per minute to -70 degrees C, warmed rapidly at 37 degrees C, and centrifuged, and the supernatant was measured for the presence of fluorescein. The effect of FD on platelets was assessed by agglutination with ristocetin, aggregation with thrombin and ADP, platelet-induced clot retraction, and expression of p-selectin. Platelet function and activation before and after freezing or cooling were measured by the same methods. RESULTS: By flow cytometry, 98 percent of the platelets incorporated FD. The trapped fluorescein resulted in neither platelet activation (p = 0.9) nor reduction of platelet function (p = 0.12-0.94) from that in control platelets. Freezing of platelets in DMSO caused far less release of fluorescein than did freezing with other agents (p<0.001) or chilling of platelets at 4 degrees C for 24 hours (p<0.0001). Supernatant levels of fluorescein correlated inversely with platelet function. Fluorescein was also shown to be released during aggregation with thrombin or ADP but not during agglutination with ristocetin. CONCLUSIONS: Release of fluorescein into the surrounding medium indicated a loss of platelet membrane integrity and function. Cellular loading with FD is a simple method of studying membrane integrity of platelets and other cells. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Reid, TJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Div Med, Bldg 40,Room 1069, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 1999 VL 39 IS 6 BP 616 EP 624 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1999.39060616.x PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 205ZG UT WOS:000080850700012 PM 10378842 ER PT J AU Marcella, G Schulz, DE AF Marcella, G Schulz, DE TI War and peace in Colombia SO WASHINGTON QUARTERLY LA English DT Article C1 USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Marcella, G (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 0163-660X J9 WASH QUART JI Wash. Q. PD SUM PY 1999 VL 22 IS 3 BP 213 EP 228 PG 16 WC International Relations; Law SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 210PW UT WOS:000081114700015 ER PT J AU O'Connell, KP Valdes, JJ Azer, NL Schwartz, RP Wright, J Eldefrawi, ME AF O'Connell, KP Valdes, JJ Azer, NL Schwartz, RP Wright, J Eldefrawi, ME TI Assessment of an automated solid phase competitive fluoroimmunoassay for benzoylecgonine in untreated urine SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE cocaine; urinalysis; monoclonal antibody; polymethyl methacrylate; beads; KinExA (TM) ID FIBER OPTIC IMMUNOSENSOR; CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; RAPID DETECTION; WHOLE-BLOOD; COCAINE; IMMUNOASSAY; BIOSENSOR; QUANTITATION; DRUGS AB A new solid phase fluoroimmunoassay using a fully automated flow fluorometer adapted for urinalysis of drug metabolites is described. Fluorescein-conjugated benzoylecgonine (FL-BE) and monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against benzoylecgonine (BE) were the reagents used for demonstration. The solid phase consisted of anti-BE mAbs immobilized on the surface of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) beads. Free BE in solution competed with FL-BE and reduced bead-bound fluorescence in a concentration-dependent manner. The binding of FL-BE to the anti-BE mAb reached steady-state within minutes. FL-BE was not bound by uncoated beads nor beads coated with non-specific proteins or IgG. The signal-to-noise ratio was 33, and the sensitivity of the assay was 2 ng ml(-1) for BE. The effective concentration of BE was 1 to 100 ng ml(-1), with an IC50 value of 12 ng ml(-1). The mAb showed equal affinities for BE, cocaine, and cocaethylene, but a five order-of-magnitude lower affinity for ecgonine and ecgonine methylester. In a double-blind comparison using clinical urine samples, the data from this single-step competitive assay had excellent agreement with results obtained using a fiber-optic biosensor (FOB), and the EMIT assay performed commercially. The assay provided kinetic data rapidly and can be used to detect small analytes for which antibodies and fluorescein conjugates are available. The affinity of the mAb for FL-BE, calculated from kinetic analysis of the time course of the on and off reaction, was 2.25 x 10(-9) M. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Eldefrawi, ME (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, 655 W Baltimore St,Rm 4-027, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA10459] NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD MAY 27 PY 1999 VL 225 IS 1-2 BP 157 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0022-1759(99)00041-1 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 199XX UT WOS:000080510300016 PM 10365792 ER PT J AU Osawa, Y Kalro, V Tezduyar, T AF Osawa, Y Kalro, V Tezduyar, T TI Multi-domain parallel computation of wake flows SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID ELEMENT; DYNAMICS; ALGORITHM; SYSTEMS AB We present a new, multi-domain parallel computational method for simulation of unsteady flows involving a primary object, a long wake region and, possibly, a secondary object affected by the wake flow. The method is based on the stabilized finite element formulation of the time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations of incompressible flows. In the multi-domain computational method the entire simulation domain is divided into an ordered sequence of overlapping subdomains. The flow data computed over the leading subdomain is used for specifying the inflow boundary conditions for the next subdomain. The subdomain corresponding to the wake would not involve any objects, hence the mesh constructed over this domain would be structured. A special-purpose finite element implementation for structured meshes is used for the wake domain to achieve much higher computational speeds compared to a general-purpose implementation. We present verification studies for the multi-domain method and special-purpose implementation, followed by two numerical examples. The first example is the wake behavior behind a circular cylinder. The second one is the aerodynamic effect of tip vortices released from a leading wing on a trailing wing placed in the far wake. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Tezduyar, T (reprint author), Rice Univ, MS 321,6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0045-7825 J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. PD MAY 25 PY 1999 VL 174 IS 3-4 BP 371 EP 391 DI 10.1016/S0045-7825(98)00305-3 PG 21 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA 209VD UT WOS:000081069000008 ER PT J AU Shapiro, NL Malis, DJ Brewster, DF Kearns, DB AF Shapiro, NL Malis, DJ Brewster, DF Kearns, DB TI Evaluation and management of benign, non-congenital tongue masses in children SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Academy-of-Pediatrics Annual Meeting, Section on Otolaryngology-Bronchoesophagology CY OCT 16, 1998 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Acad Pediat DE tongue; neoplasm; pediatric; benign ID MALFORMATIONS; EXCISION; TUMORS AB Lingual tumors are rare, primarily benign, lesions in the pediatric population. Congenital lesions, such as hemangiomas, lymphatic malformations, dermoids, hamartomas and thyroglossal ducts cysts, are seen more commonly. Primary, non-congenital lingual neoplasms are less common in children. We present three patients with benign lingual neoplasms. Evaluation, management, pathology and follow-up are discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Naval Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. RP Shapiro, NL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, 10833 LeConte Ave,62-158 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD MAY 25 PY 1999 VL 48 IS 3 BP 223 EP 229 DI 10.1016/S0165-5876(99)00035-X PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA 204GA UT WOS:000080754700004 PM 10402119 ER PT J AU Schmaljohn, C Cui, YC Kerby, S Pennock, D Spik, K AF Schmaljohn, C Cui, YC Kerby, S Pennock, D Spik, K TI Production and characterization of human monoclonal antibody Fab fragments to vaccinia virus from a phage-display combinatorial library SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; HUMAN MONKEYPOX; GENE; SMALLPOX; DESTRUCTION; FUSION; ZAIRE AB A combinatorial, phage-display library of human Fab antibody fragments was generated from IgG heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) genes cloned from the lymphocytes of a vaccinia virus (VACV)-immune donor. To ascertain the complexity of the library, nucleotide sequences of the variable regions of the HC and LC genes were determined. Fourteen distinct HC and 18 distinct LC (7 kappa and 11 lambda) that formed a combinatorial library of 22 Fabs were identified. immune-precipitation of radiolabeled VACV revealed that at least six different VACV proteins were recognized by the antibodies. Plaque-reduction neutralization demonstrated that six of the Fabs neutralized VACV in the presence of anti-human antibody. ELISA studies indicated that 15 of the Fabs were cross-reactive with monkeypox virus. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Geo Ctr Inc, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmaljohn, C (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 37 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAY 25 PY 1999 VL 258 IS 1 BP 189 EP 200 DI 10.1006/viro.1999.9701 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 201JV UT WOS:000080592400018 PM 10329580 ER PT J AU Jackson, JL Kroenke, K AF Jackson, JL Kroenke, K TI Difficult patient encounters in the ambulatory clinic - Clinical predictors and outcomes SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-CARE; PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIP; INTERVIEWING SKILLS; COMMUNICATION; SOMATIZATION; COMPLAINTS; MEDICINE; SETTINGS; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; EXPECTATIONS AB Background: One sixth of patient encounters are perceived as difficult by clinicians. Our goal was to assess clinical predictors and outcomes from such encounters. Methods: Five hundred adults presenting to a primary care walk-in clinic with a physical symptom completed surveys before the visit, immediately after the visit, at 2 weeks, and at 3 months. Patient measurements included mental disorders (PRIME-MD), functional status (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey [SF-6]), satisfaction (RAND 9-item survey), symptom resolution, visit costs, previsit and residual expectations of care, and health services utilization. Measurements from the 38 participating clinicians included the Physician's Belief Scale and physician perception of encounter difficulty (Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire). Results: Seventy-four patient encounters (15%) were rated as difficult. Patients in such encounters were more likely to have a mental disorder (odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.4), more than 5 somatic symptoms (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.8), and more severe symptoms (odds ratio, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.3). Difficult-encounter patients had poorer functional status, more unmet expectations (P=.005), less satisfaction with care (P=.03), and higher use of health services (P<.001). Clinicians with poorer psychosocial attitudes as reflected by higher scores on the Physician's Belief Scale experienced more encounters as being difficult (23% vs 8%; P<.001). Conclusions: Patients presenting with physical symptoms who are perceived as difficult are more likely to have a depressive or anxiety disorder, poorer functional status, unmet expectations, reduced satisfaction, and greater use of health care services. Physicians with poorer psychosocial attitudes are more likely to experience encounters as difficult. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med EDP, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Univ Indianapolis, Sch Med, Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med EDP, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 60 TC 149 Z9 151 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAY 24 PY 1999 VL 159 IS 10 BP 1069 EP 1075 DI 10.1001/archinte.159.10.1069 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 196GL UT WOS:000080300600006 PM 10335683 ER PT J AU Svizhenko, A Bandyopadhyay, S Stroscio, MA AF Svizhenko, A Bandyopadhyay, S Stroscio, MA TI Velocity versus momentum relaxation of electrons in a magnetic field SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM WIRES; PHONON-SCATTERING AB In a parabolic band, the momentum and velocity relaxation rates of electrons (associated with scattering) are identical. However, if a magnetic field is present, they are fundamentally different quantities that can have opposite signs over quite wide ranges of the electron's kinetic energy. Consequently, it is possible that electrons will lose momentum during a scattering event and yet gain velocity In narrow InAs quantum wires subjected to a high magnetic field, we show that this can cause the ensemble average momentum and velocity relaxation rates to have opposite signs in realistic situations. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Bandyopadhyay, S (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAY 24 PY 1999 VL 11 IS 20 BP 4009 EP 4019 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/11/20/307 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 204FM UT WOS:000080753500010 ER PT J AU Lumley, LA Hull, EM AF Lumley, LA Hull, EM TI Effects of a D-1 antagonist and of sexual experience on copulation-induced Fos-like immunoreactivity in the medial preoptic nucleus SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE medial preoptic area; amygdala; sexual experience; D-1 dopamine antagonist; male sexual behavior; rat; Fos ID STIMULUS REWARD ASSOCIATIONS; INEXPERIENCED MALE-RATS; INVIVO BINDING ANALYSES; IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENES; SYRIAN-HAMSTER BRAIN; C-FOS; DOPAMINE-RECEPTORS; VOMERONASAL ORGAN; VENTRAL STRIATUM; NERVOUS-SYSTEM AB The medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) of the medial preoptic area (MPOA) and the medial amygdala are two brain regions in which male rat sexual behavior increased Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-Li). Dopamine is released in the MPOA during male rat sexual behavior and facilitates copulation. Psychostimulants, which increase dopamine levels, induce Fos-Li in the striatum through D-1 receptors. We examined whether copulation-induced Fos-Li in the MPN was also mediated through D-1 receptors. In Experiment 1, sexually inexperienced male rats that received the D-1 antagonist Schering 39166 prior to their first sexual experience had fewer Fos-Li cells in the MPN than did those that received vehicle. In Experiment 2, no significant effect of the D-1 antagonist was observed on copulation-induced Fos-Li in male rats that had received repeated sexual experiences prior to the drug test day. Sexual experience increases copulatory efficiency; the mechanisms by which this improvement occurs are unclear. In Experiment 3, copulation by highly experienced male rats led to greater Fos-Li in the MPN than did copulation by sexually naive males. Although there were no differences between groups in amygdala Fos-Li in these studies, in several groups Fos-Li in the medial amygdala was positively correlated with the post-ejaculatory interval. These experiments indicate that (1) stimulation of D-1 receptors may contribute to the transient copulation-induced increase in Fos-Li in the MPN, and (2) repeated sexual experiences enhanced copulation-induced Fos-Li in the MPN, which may represent a marker of altered responsiveness of neurons in the MPN to sexual or conditioned stimuli. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Psychol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Lumley, LA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-40826] NR 58 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 22 PY 1999 VL 829 IS 1-2 BP 55 EP 68 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01338-4 PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 201KE UT WOS:000080593300007 PM 10350530 ER PT J AU David, JL Gido, SP Hong, KL Zhou, J Mays, JW Tan, NB AF David, JL Gido, SP Hong, KL Zhou, J Mays, JW Tan, NB TI Core-shell cylinder morphology in poly(styrene-b-1,3-cyclohexadiene) diblock copolymers SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ABC TRIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; BLOCK COPOLYMERS; MICRODOMAIN MORPHOLOGY; CUBIC PHASE; HOMOPOLYMER; TRANSITION; POLYMERS; MIXTURE AB A microphase-separated core-shell cylinder morphology has been observed, via transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering, in diblock copolymers of polystyrene (PS) and poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) (PCHD). The structures consist of PS cylindrical cores surrounded by PCI-ID cylindrical annuli which are then hexagonally packed in a matrix of PS. The materials were produced by anionic polymerization of styrene followed by 1,3-cyclohexadiene. Characterization by size exclusion chromatography revealed a main peak due to diblock with a vet-Si narrow molecular weight distribution. However, a significant amount of PS homopolymer (about 30%) was present in the as-synthesized materials. The as-synthesized materials with homopolymer present produced core-shell morphologies, and these structures became much more regular when the homopolymer uas removed by fractionation. After fractionation, the pure core-shell forming diblocks had PCHD volume fractions of around 0.37 and polydispersities well under 1.1. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. USA, Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Gido, SP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015 OI Hong, Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111 NR 27 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAY 18 PY 1999 VL 32 IS 10 BP 3216 EP 3226 DI 10.1021/ma9810722 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 198UD UT WOS:000080441900008 ER PT J AU Luckhart, S Rosenberg, R AF Luckhart, S Rosenberg, R TI Gene structure and polymorphism. Of an invertebrate nitric oxide synthase gene SO GENE LA English DT Article DE anopheles; insect immunity; malaria; mosquito ID CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION; INTERFERON-GAMMA; MESSENGER-RNA; MALARIA; EXPRESSION; PROMOTER; UPSTREAM; CLONING; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; CYTOKINES AB Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are ubiquitous in living organisms. However, little is known about the evolution of this large gene family. The first inducible NOS to be described from an invertebrate regulates malaria parasite (Plasmodium spp.) development in the mosquito Anopheles stephensi. This single copy gene shows the highest homology to the vertebrate neuronal isoforms, followed by decreasing homology to endothelial and inducible isoforms. The open reading frame of 1247 amino acids is encoded by 19 exons, which span approximate to 33 kilobases. More than 50% of the mosquito exons, distributed around the putative heme, calmodulin, and FAD/NADPH cofactor-binding domains, are conserved with those of the three human genes. Repetitive elements identified within the larger introns include a polymorphic dinucleotide repeat, two tandem repeats, and a putative miniature inverted repeat transposable element. Sequence analysis and primer extension indicate that the upstream promoter is 'TATA-less' with multiple transcription start sites within approximate to 250 base pairs of the initiation methionine. Transcription factor binding sites in the 5'-flanking sequence demonstrate a bipartite distribution of lipopolysaccharide- and inflammatory cytokine-responsive elements that is strikingly similar to that described for vertebrate inducible NOS gene promoters. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Med Res Unit, Unit 64109, APO, AE 09831 USA. RP Luckhart, S (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, 124 Engel Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. NR 36 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD MAY 17 PY 1999 VL 232 IS 1 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00121-3 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 199DA UT WOS:000080463100003 PM 10333518 ER PT J AU Pritchett, T Smith, J McIntyre, G Moore, TR Oldaker, BG AF Pritchett, T Smith, J McIntyre, G Moore, TR Oldaker, BG TI Dependence of the gain in stimulated rotational Raman scattering in H-2 on the pump ellipticity SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article AB The intensity of the radiation resulting from stimulated rotational Raman scattering of an elliptically polarized pump beam bq gaseous H-2 was measured as a function of the pump ellipticity in an unseeded experiment. The results show excellent agreement with the predictions of a simple two-beam classical model of the process which incorporates only components at the pump and the Stokes frequencies but includes the effects of pump depletion. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 EI 1362-3044 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD MAY 15 PY 1999 VL 46 IS 6 BP 949 EP 956 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 198DM UT WOS:000080407500004 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Phillips, L Yelleswarapu, C George, T Sharma, A Burgett, S Ruffin, P AF Wang, Y Phillips, L Yelleswarapu, C George, T Sharma, A Burgett, S Ruffin, P TI Enhanced growth rate for Bragg grating formation in optical fibers with titania-doped outer cladding SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Bragg grating; optical fiber; outer cladding AB Bragg gratings are written in two identical, communications-grade optical fibers, one of which has a layer of titania-doped outer cladding. Continuous-wave laser at 244 nm and 40 mW power is used. Gratings can be written in fibers with titania-doped outer cladding after just 1 day of exposure to hydrogen at 60 atm pressure. A similar exposure to hydrogen for 4 to 5 days is required before gratings can be written in fibers without titania-doped outer cladding. This difference is observed to be due to partial absorption of 244 nm light by titania, resulting in heating of the fiber to 200 degrees C. Results of a comparison of grating characteristics for the two fibers are presented. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Phys, Normal, AL 35762 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSMI RD MG NC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Sharma, A (reprint author), Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Phys, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RI Yelleswarapu, Chandra/C-4392-2011 NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAY 15 PY 1999 VL 163 IS 4-6 BP 185 EP 188 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(99)00144-3 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 202XT UT WOS:000080678000006 ER PT J AU Bergman, L Alexson, D Murphy, PL Nemanich, RJ Dutta, M Stroscio, MA Balkas, C Shin, H Davis, RF AF Bergman, L Alexson, D Murphy, PL Nemanich, RJ Dutta, M Stroscio, MA Balkas, C Shin, H Davis, RF TI Raman analysis of phonon lifetimes in AlN and GaN of wurtzite structure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SCATTERING; SPECTROSCOPY; DIAMOND; FILMS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTORS; SUBLIMATION AB Raman analyses of the Lifetimes of phonons in GaN and AlN crystallites of wurtzite structure are presented. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement of the phonon lifetimes, an experimental procedure to eliminate the broadening due to the finite slit width was performed. The lifetime analyses indicate that the phonon lifetimes in AIN as well as in GaN fall into two main time regimes: a relatively long time of the E-2(1) mode and much shorter times of the E-2(2), E1(TO), and A1(TO) modes. The lifetimes of the E-2(1), E-2(2), E1(TO), A1(TO), and A1(LO) modes of an high-quality AlN crystallite are 4.4, 0.83, 0.91, 0.76, and 0.45 ps, respectively. Moreover, the lifetime of the A1(LO) mode found in this study is consistent with the current phonon-decay model of that mode in wurtzite structure materials. The lifetimes of E-2(1), E-2(2), E1(TO), and A1(TO) of a GaN crystallite were found to be 10.1, 1.4, 0.95, and 0.46 ps, respectively. The A1(LO) mode in the GaN was not observed and its absence is attributed to plasmon damping. The lifetime shortening due to impurities was also studied: the lifetimes of the Raman modes of an AlN crystallite, which contains about two orders of magnitude more Si and C impurities relative to the concentration of the high-quality crystallite were found to be 50% shorter. [S0163-1829(99)04419-7]. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Bergman, L (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 35 TC 105 Z9 107 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 20 BP 12977 EP 12982 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.12977 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 200ZW UT WOS:000080571000038 ER PT J AU Friessnegg, T Madhukar, S Nielsen, B Moodenbaugh, AR Aggarwal, S Keeble, DJ Poindexter, EH Mascher, P Ramesh, R AF Friessnegg, T Madhukar, S Nielsen, B Moodenbaugh, AR Aggarwal, S Keeble, DJ Poindexter, EH Mascher, P Ramesh, R TI Metal ion and oxygen vacancies in bulk and thin film La1-xSrxCoO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; POSITRON; TRANSMISSION; TRANSITION AB Positron-lifetime and depth-resolved Doppler-broadening spectroscopy were used to investigate vacancies formed in bulk and laser ablated thin film La1-xSrxCoO3. In bulk samples, metal ion vacancies, which are most likely situated in the La sublattice, show a lifetime of 219 ps and a Doppler-broadening S parameter 1.06 times higher than the bulk. The metal-ion vacancy concentration increases with increasing Sr content. For x greater than or equal to 0.3, oxygen vacancies are detected, yielding a positron lifetime of 149 ps, only 10 ps longer than the bulk lifetime; the S parameter is 4% higher than for the bulk. For a given Sr concentration the films show a higher defect density than the bulk samples. The introduction of oxygen vacancy related defects is observed for increasing Sr doping concentration for both film and bulk samples. In films these defects probably consist of larger clusters and/or form complexes with metal ion vacancies. [S0163-1829(99)03519-5]. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Dundee, Carnegie Lab Phys, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. McMaster Univ, Ctr Electrophoton Mat & Devices, Dept Engn Phys, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Nucl Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Friessnegg, T (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Appl Sci, Mat Sci Div Bldg 480, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM friessn@bnl.gov RI Nielsen, Bent/B-7353-2009; Keeble, David /C-6633-2012; OI Nielsen, Bent/0000-0001-7016-0040; Keeble, David /0000-0002-5378-799X; Moodenbaugh, Arnold/0000-0002-3415-6762; Mascher, Peter/0000-0002-8108-0334 NR 22 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 20 BP 13365 EP 13369 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.13365 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 200ZW UT WOS:000080571000089 ER PT J AU Silman, I Millard, CB Ordentlich, A Greenblatt, HM Harel, M Barak, D Shafferman, A Sussman, JL AF Silman, I Millard, CB Ordentlich, A Greenblatt, HM Harel, M Barak, D Shafferman, A Sussman, JL TI A preliminary comparison of structural models for catalytic intermediates of acetylcholinesterase SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE soman; trifluoroketones; tetrahedral intermediate; X-ray crystallography ID HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; TORPEDO-CALIFORNICA; SERINE PROTEASES; BINDING; SITE; ORGANOPHOSPHATES; CHYMOTRYPSIN; INHIBITORS AB Determination of the three dimensional structure of Torpedo Californica acetylcholinesterase (TcAChE) provided an experimental tool for directly visualizing interaction of AChE with cholinesterase inhibitors of fundamental, pharmacological and toxicological interest. The structure revealed that the active site is located near the bottom of a deep and narrow gorge lined with 14 conserved aromatic amino acids. The structure of a complex of TcAChE with the powerful 'transition state analog' inhibitor, TMTFA, suggested that its orientation in the experimentally determined structure was very similar to that proposed for the natural substrate, acetylcholine. by manual docking. The array of enzyme-ligand interactions Visualized in the TMFTA complex also are expected to envelope the unstable TI that forms with acetylcholine during acylation, and to sequester it from solvent. In our most recent studies, the crystal structures of several 'aged' conjugates of TcAChE obtained with OP nerve agents have been solved and compared with that of the native enzyme. The methylphosphonylated-enzyme obtained by reaction with soman provides a useful structural analog for the TI that forms during deacylation after the reaction of TcAChE with acetylcholine. By comparing these structures, we conclude that the same 'oxyanion hole' residues, as well as the aromatic side chains constituting the 'acyl pocket', participate in acylation (TMTFA-AChE) and deacylation (OP-AChE), and that AChE can accommodate both TIs at the bottom of the gorge without major conformational movements. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Neurobiol, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Israel Inst Biol Res, IL-70450 Ness Ziona, Israel. Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Struct, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Silman, I (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Neurobiol, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. EM bnsilm@weizmann.weizmann.ac.il OI Sussman, Joel/0000-0003-0306-3878 NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 43 EP 52 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00012-5 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400005 PM 10421437 ER PT J AU Saxena, A Redman, AMG Jiang, XL Lockridge, O Doctor, BP AF Saxena, A Redman, AMG Jiang, XL Lockridge, O Doctor, BP TI Differences in active-site gorge dimensions of cholinesterases revealed by binding of inhibitors to human butyrylcholinesterase SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE active-site gorge; butyrylcholinesterase; enzyme kinetics; molecular modeling; volume calculations ID HUPERZINE-A; HUMAN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ANIONIC SITE; IDENTIFICATION AB We examined the role of A328 (F330) in the binding of various inhibitors to cholinesterases (ChEs) using human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) mutants to determine if the conclusions drawn from studies with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mutants could be extended to BChE. For huperzine A and edrophonium, the results obtained with AChE mutants could be directly correlated with those obtained with native ChEs and site-specific mutants of human BChE. Inhibition studies of ethopropazine with BChE mutants, where A328 was modified to either F or Y, suggested that A328 was not solely responsible for the selectivity of ethopropazine. Volume calculations for the active-site gorge showed that the poor inhibitory activity of ethopropazine towards AChE was due to the smaller dimension of the active-site gorge. The volume of the BChE active-site gorge is approximate to 200 Angstrom(3) larger than that of the AChE gorge, which allows the accommodation of ethopropazine in two different orientations as demonstrated by rigid-body refinement and molecular dynamics calculations. These results suggest that, although the overall scaffolding of the two enzymes may be highly similar, the dimensions and the micro-environment of the gorge play a significant role in determining the selectivity of substrate and inhibitors for ChEs. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Integrated Program, New York, NY 10032 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Eppley Canc Inst, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. RP Saxena, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Dr._Ashima_Saxena@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil NR 15 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 61 EP 69 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00014-9 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400007 PM 10421439 ER PT J AU Luo, CY Saxena, A Ashani, Y Leader, H Radic, Z Taylor, P Doctor, BP AF Luo, CY Saxena, A Ashani, Y Leader, H Radic, Z Taylor, P Doctor, BP TI Role of edrophonium in prevention of the re-inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by phosphorylated oxime SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE acetylcholinesterase; edrophonium; organophosphate; phosphorylated oxime; reactivation ID REACTIVATION; MONOQUATERNARY AB We examined the role of edrophonium in the acceleration phenomenon using mouse wild-type and mutant D74N AChE inhibited with 7-(O, O-diethyl-phosphinyloxy)-1-methyl-quinolinium methylsulfate (DEPQ). With DEPQ-inhibited wild-type mouse acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the reactivation kinetic profile demonstrated one-phase exponential association only when 2-[hydroxyimino methyl]-1-methylpyridinium chloride (2-PAM) and 1-(2-hydroxy-iminomethyl-1-pyridinium)-1-(4-carboxy-aminopyridinium)-dimethyl ether hydrochloride (HI-6) were used as reactivators. When 1,1 [oxybis-methylene)bis[4-(hydroxyimino)methyl] pyridinium dichloride (LuH6) and 1,1-trimethylene bis(4-hydroxyimino methyl) pyridinium dichloride (TMB4) were used, the reactivation kinetic profile was biphasic in nature. Edrophonium had no effect on reactivation by 2-PAM and HI-6, but significantly accelerated LuH6- and TMB4-induced reactivation of DEPQ-inhibited wildtype mouse AChE. Comparison of the initial and overall reactivation rate constants with five oximes indicated that acceleration by edrophonium may be due to the prevention of re-inhibition of the reactivated enzyme by the phosphorylated oxime (POX) produced during the reactivation. With LuH6 and TMB4, about 2.5-fold increase in the reactivation rate constants was observed in the presence of edrophonium, but little or no effect was observed with the other three oximes. The initial reactivation rate constants were 5.4- and 4.2-fold of the overall rate constants with LuH6 and TMB4 as reactivators respectively, however, very little change was found between the initial and overall rate constants with the other three oximes. In experiments with D74N AChE, for which the inhibition,potency of charged organophosphate (OP) was two to three orders less than wild-type enzyme, edrophonium had no effect ori the reactivation by LuH6 and TMB4 and the time courses of reactivation were monophasic. The data from mutant enzyme substantiate the involvement of edrophonium in protecting POX re-inhibition of reactivated enzyme formed during the reactivation of OF-inhibited AChE. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Israel Inst Biol Res, IL-70450 Ness Ziona, Israel. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Doctor, BP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00021-6 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400014 PM 10421446 ER PT J AU Billecke, SS Primo-Parmo, SL Dunlop, CS Doorn, JA La Du, BN Broomfield, CA AF Billecke, SS Primo-Parmo, SL Dunlop, CS Doorn, JA La Du, BN Broomfield, CA TI Characterization of a soluble mouse liver enzyme capable of hydrolyzing diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE DFPase; paraoxonase (PON1); senescence marker protein-30; soman; sarin ID MARKER PROTEIN-30 SMP30; SENESCENCE AB A novel mouse liver soluble fraction DFPase which has organophosphatase activities with sarin, soman and tabun, was purified and characterized. However, it lacks paraoxonase and arylesterase activities with paraoxon and phenyl acetate, respectively. This DFPase closely resembles and may be identical with the one purified by Little et al. in 1989 from the soluble fraction of rat liver, based on its substrate specificity, size (similar to 39 kDa) and its stimulation by several metal ions, namely magnesium, manganese and cobalt. Sequencing of our purified mouse liver DFPase showed it to be identical in its amino acid sequence with the recently identified senescence marker protein-30 (SMP-30) by Fujita et al. in 1996. Other senescence marker proteins possessing high structural homology with the mouse SMP-30 have also been found and sequenced from human and rat livers. There is no structural homology between the senescence marker protein family and the group of mammalian paraoxonases. Thus,it is clear that there are at least two distinct, unrelated families of mammalian liver enzymes that share DFPase activity. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Billecke, SS (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 6 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00034-4 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400027 PM 10421459 ER PT J AU Hoskin, FCG Walker, JE Mello, CM AF Hoskin, FCG Walker, JE Mello, CM TI Organophosphorus acid anhydrolase in slime mold duckweed and mung bean: a continuing search for a physiological role and a natural substrate SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE detoxify; DFP; duckweed; mung bean; OPAA; OPH; organophosphorus acid anhydrolase; organophosphorus hydrolase; slime mold; Soman AB Recently, and for the first time, a diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (DFP)-hydrolyzing enzyme, i.e. an organophosphonus acid anhydrolase (OPAA), has been reported in a plant-source. Based on this and other suggestive evidence, the ability of three plant sources and a protist to hydrolyze DFP and 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (Soman) were tested, and the effects of Mn2+ and ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA) on this activity. The plants are duckweed (Lemna minor), giant duckweed (Spirodela oligorhiza), and germinated mung bean (Vigna radiata); the protist is a slime mold (Dictyostelium discoidium). The tests are based on a crude classification of OPAAs as 'squid type' (DFP hydrolyzed more rapidly than Soman) and all of the others termed by us, with questionable justification, as 'Mazur type' (Soman hydrolyzed more rapidly than DFP). Of the two duckweeds, Spirodela oligorhiza hydrolyzes Soman but not DFP, and Lemna minor does not hydrolyze either substrate. In contrast to the report of Yu and Sakurai, mung bean does not hydrolyze DFP and hydrolyzes Soman with a 5-fold stimulation by Mn2+ and a marked inhibition by EDTA. The slime mold hydrolyzes Soman more rapidly than DFP (but does hydrolyze DFP) and the hydrolysis is Mn2+ stimulated. The failure of these plant sources to hydrolyze DFP is similar to the behavior of OPAA from Bacillus stearothermophilus. Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Hoskin, FCG (reprint author), Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 399 EP 404 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00051-4 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400044 PM 10421476 ER PT J AU Broomfield, CA Lockridge, O Millard, CB AF Broomfield, CA Lockridge, O Millard, CB TI Protein engineering of a human enzyme that hydrolyzes V and G nerve agents: design, construction and characterization SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE butyrylcholinesterase; enzyme engineering; organophosphorus anticholinesterases; OPA hydrolase; site-directed mutagenesis; transition state ID ANHYDRIDE HYDROLASE ACTIVITY; HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS AB Because of deficiencies in the present treatments for organophosphorus anticholinesterase poisoning, we are attempting to develop a catalytic scavenger that can be administered as prophylactic protection. Currently known enzymes are inadequate for this purpose because they have weak binding and slow turnover, so we are trying to make an appropriate enzyme by protein engineering techniques. One butyrylcholinesterase mutant, G117H, has the desired type of activity but reacts much too slowly. This communication describes an attempt to determine the reason for the slow reaction so that a more efficient enzyme might be designed. The results indicate that the mutation at residue 117 has resulted in a distortion of the transition state of the reaction of organophosphorus compounds with the active site serine. This information will be used to develop other mutants that avoid transition state stabilization sites. Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Eppley Canc Inst, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. RP Broomfield, CA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 7 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 413 EP 418 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00053-8 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400046 PM 10421478 ER PT J AU Maxwell, DM Saxena, A Gordon, RK Doctor, BP AF Maxwell, DM Saxena, A Gordon, RK Doctor, BP TI Improvements in scavenger protection against organophosphorus agents by modification of cholinesterases SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE acetylcholinesterase; oxime reactivation; aging; oligosaccharide; polyurethane; scavenger protection; decontamination ID SOMAN; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; TOXICITY; BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; DETOXIFICATION; PRETREATMENT; MONKEYS AB The ability of stoichiometric scavengers, such as ChEs, to protect against a variety of OP agents has been demonstrated in several in vivo models. To improve the detoxification of OP agents by ChEs, several approaches have been recently used to increase the stoichiometry, stability, and in vivo effectiveness of ChEs as OP scavengers. For example, the in vitro stoichiometric neutralization of sarin by AChE was increased from 1:1 to 3200:1 by the addition of the oxime HI-6, while the in vivo stoichiometry was increased to 57:1 in mice by HI-6. The aging rate of soman-inhibited mouse AChE was reduced 12-fold in a mutant AChE (E(202)Q) which resulted in a two-fold increase in oxime-assisted detoxification of soman. To improve the duration of scavenger protection provided by ChEs, the mean residence times of five tissue-derived and two recombinant ChEs injected i.v. in mice were compared with their oligosaccharide profiles. The mean residence times of these ChEs were found to increase with molecular weight and with the levels of oligosaccharide sialylation. The stability of AChE in non-physiological environments was improved by immobilizing it in a polyurethane foam matrix that allowed AChE to retain enzymatic activity at high temperature (75 degrees C) where soluble enzyme denatured. These developments in scavenger technology have improved the in vivo protection provided by OP scavengers and extended their applicability to provide external decontamination of chemical agents and pesticides. Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Maxwell, DM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 419 EP 428 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00054-X PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400047 PM 10421479 ER PT J AU Hoskin, FCG Walker, JE Stote, R AF Hoskin, FCG Walker, JE Stote, R TI Degradation of nerve gases by CLECS and cells: kinetics of heterogenous systems SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE cross linked enzyme crystal (CLEC); Demeton S; isosystox; organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH); Pseudomonas diminuta; Tetriso; VX ID PSEUDOMONAS-DIMINUTA; HYDROLYSIS AB We have reported the enzymatic hydrolysis of phosphoro- and phosphonofluoridates and phosphoro- and phosphonothiolates and -thionates by an organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) from Pseudomonas diminuta. In screening for other microbial sources of nerve gas hydrolyzing enzymes, it would be convenient, indeed essential, to be able to determine such hydrolyses on intact cells. As a preliminary step to such screening we have measured the hydrolysis of O,O-diisopropyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) phosphorothiolate (Tetriso) and O,O-diethyl S-(2-ethylthioethyl) phosphorothiolate (Demeton-S; formerly Isosyslox) by intact cells and sonicates. The purified OPH has also been cross linked to itself (CLEC = crosslinked enzyme crystals) and this has also been tested for its ability to hydrolyze Tetriso and Demeton-S. The testing of such heterogenous systems by a spectrophotometric assay (Ellman) has required novel modifications. Our findings are that both Tetriso and Demeton-S are subject to intact-cell assay, that both are readily hydrolyzed by the CLEC-ed OPH without marked change in kinetics, but that at any given substrate concentration Tetriso is hydrolyzed much more rapidly. However, since Demeton-S is commercially available, this appears to be the substrate most suitable for screening for our final goal in a search for sources of enzymes to detoxify O-ethyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothiolate (VX). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Hoskin, FCG (reprint author), Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 439 EP 444 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00056-3 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400049 PM 10421481 ER PT J AU Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Rastogi, VK AF Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Rastogi, VK TI Alteromonas prolidase for organophosphorus G-agent decontamination SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE organophosphorus acid anhydrolase; Alteromonas prolidase; chemical warfare G-agents; decontamination ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; BACTERIAL ENZYME; PURIFICATION AB Enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of highly toxic organophosphorus compounds (OPs) are classified as organophosphorus acid anhydrolases (OPAA; EC 3.1.8.2). Recently, the genes encoding OPAA from two species of Alteromonas were cloned and sequenced. Sequence and biochemical analyses of the cloned genes and enzymes have established Alteromonas OPAAs to be prolidases (E.C. 3.4.13.9), a type of dipeptidase hydrolyzing dipeptides with a prolyl residue in the carboxyl-terminal position (X-Pro). Alteromonas prolidases hydrolyze a broad range of G-type chemical warfare (CW) nerve agents. Efforts to over-produce a prolidase from A. sp.JD6.5 with the goal of developing strategies for long-term storage and decontamination have been successfully achieved. Large-scale production of this G-agent degrading enzyme is now feasible with the availability of an over-producing recombinant cell line. Use of this enzyme for development of a safe and non-corrosive decontamination system is discussed. Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Technol Team, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Cheng, TC (reprint author), USA, Environm Technol Team, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM tccheng@cbdcom.apgea.army.mil NR 12 TC 53 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 455 EP 462 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00058-7 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400051 PM 10421483 ER PT J AU Gordon, RK Feaster, SR Russell, AJ LeJeune, KE Maxwell, DM Lenz, DE Ross, M Doctor, BP AF Gordon, RK Feaster, SR Russell, AJ LeJeune, KE Maxwell, DM Lenz, DE Ross, M Doctor, BP TI Organophosphate skin decontamination using immobilized enzymes SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3th International Meeting on Esterases Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds CY APR 15-18, 1998 CL INTER UNVI CTR, DUBROVNIK, CROATIA SP INst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Minist Sci & Technol Republ Croatia, Minist Def Republ Croatia, Us Army Med Res & Mat Command, Assoc European Toxicol & Sci Toxicol, Netherlands & Novartis Crop Protect AG HO INTER UNVI CTR DE acetylcholinesterase; cholinesterases; organophosphorus; bioscavenger; oxime reactivation; polyurethane foam sponge; decontamination ID DETOXIFICATION; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AB We previously demonstrated that a combination of cholinesterase (ChE)pre-treatment with an oxime is an effective measure against soman and sarin. We describe here a novel approach for the preparation of covalently linked ChEs which are immobilized to a polyurethane matrix. Such preparation of ChE-sponges enhances the stability and usefulness of the enzymes in non-physiological environments. The ChE-sponges, which can be molded to any form, can effectively be used to remove and decontaminate organophosphates (OPs) from surfaces, biological (skin or wounds) or otherwise (clothing or sensitive medical equipment), or the environment. The ChE-sponges retained their catalytic activity under conditions of temperature, time, and drying where the native soluble enzyme would rapidly denature, and can be reused in conjunction with oximes many times. The ChE-sponge in the presence of oxime repeatedly detoxified OPs such as DFP or MEPQ. These developments in ChE technology have extended the applicability of OP scavengers from in vivo protection, to a variety of external detoxification and decontamination schemes. In addition to treatment of OP-contaminated soldiers, the ChE-sponge could protect medical personnel from secondary contamination while attending chemical casualties, and civilians exposed to pesticides or highly toxic nerve agents such as sarin. Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Biotechnol & Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Gordon, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM gordonr@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil OI Russell, Alan/0000-0001-5101-4371 NR 8 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 14 PY 1999 VL 119 BP 463 EP 470 DI 10.1016/S0009-2797(99)00059-9 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 211WG UT WOS:000081184400052 PM 10421484 ER PT J AU Inglesby, TV Henderson, DA Bartlett, JG Ascher, MS Eitzen, E Friedlander, AM Hauer, J McDade, J Osterholm, MT O'Toole, T Parker, G Perl, TM Russell, PK Tonat, K AF Inglesby, TV Henderson, DA Bartlett, JG Ascher, MS Eitzen, E Friedlander, AM Hauer, J McDade, J Osterholm, MT O'Toole, T Parker, G Perl, TM Russell, PK Tonat, K CA Working Grp Civilian Biodefense TI Anthrax as a biological weapon - Medical and public health management SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ORAL-OROPHARYNGEAL ANTHRAX; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; WARFARE; TERRORISM; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; VACCINES; FUTURE AB Objective To develop consensus-based recommendations for measures to be taken by medical and public health professionals following the use of anthrax as a biological weapon against a civilian population. Participants The working group included 21 representatives from staff of major academic medical centers and research, government, military, public health, and emergency management institutions and agencies. Evidence MEDLINE databases were searched from January 1966 to April 1998, using the Medical Subject Headings anthrax, Bacillus anthracis, biological weapon, biological terrorism, biological warfare, and biowarfare. Review of references identified by this search led to identification of relevant references published prior to 1966, In addition, participants identified other unpublished references and sources. Consensus Process The first draft of the consensus statement was a synthesis of information obtained in the formal evidence-gathering process. Members of the working group provided formal written comments which were incorporated into the second draft of the statement. The working group reviewed the second draft on June 12, 1998. No significant disagreements existed and comments were incorporated into a third draft. The fourth and final statement incorporates all relevant evidence obtained by the literature search in conjunction with final consensus recommendations supported by all working group members. Conclusions Specific consensus recommendations are made regarding the diagnosis of anthrax, indications for vaccination, therapy for those exposed, postexposure prophylaxis, decontamination of the environment, and additional research needs. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Ctr Civilian Biodef Studies, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Calif State Dept Hlth, Berkeley, CA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. Office Emergency Management, New York, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. US Dept HHS, Office Emergency Preparedness, Rockville, MD USA. RP Inglesby, TV (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Ctr Civilian Biodef Studies, Candler Bldg,Suite 850,111 Market Pl, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA. NR 72 TC 499 Z9 511 U1 6 U2 40 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 12 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 18 BP 1735 EP 1745 DI 10.1001/jama.281.18.1735 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 193WR UT WOS:000080161200032 PM 10328075 ER PT J AU Mait, JN Herzig, HP AF Mait, JN Herzig, HP TI Diffractive optics and micro-optics: introduction to the feature issue SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB This issue of Applied Optics features 16 papers related to the fabrication, design, and application of diffractive and micro-optical elements. A companion feature in the Journal of the Optical Society of America A [J. Opt. Sec. Am. A 16(5), 1091 (1999)] includes papers on the modeling of diffractive elements. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Neuchatel, Inst Microtech, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. RP Mait, JN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Mail Stop AMSRL-SE,2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mait@arl.mil NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 10 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 14 BP 2977 EP 2978 DI 10.1364/AO.38.002977 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA 194RB UT WOS:000080206400001 PM 18319878 ER PT J AU Shoop, BL Wagner, TD Mait, JN Kilby, GR Ressler, EK AF Shoop, BL Wagner, TD Mait, JN Kilby, GR Ressler, EK TI Design and analysis of a diffractive optical filter for use in an optoelectronic error-diffusion neural network SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION AB The design, fabrication, experimental characterization, and system-performance analysis of a diffractive optical implementation of an error-diffusion filter for use in digital image halftoning is reported. A diffractive optical filter was fabricated as an eight-level phase element that diffuses the quantization error nonuniformly in both the weighting and the spatial dimensions, according to a prescribed algorithm. Ten identical diffractive elements were fabricated on ten different wafers and subsequently characterized experimentally. A detailed error analysis including both fabrication and instrumentation errors was carried out to quantify the performance of the fabrication process as well as the expected system performance of the filters. Halftone system performance was evaluated by use of the experimental filter's performance and both quantitative and qualitative performance metrics. The results of this analysis demonstrate that multiple identical copies of a diffractive optical filter can be produced with sufficient accuracy that no loss in the halftoning system performance results. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shoop, BL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM shoop@exmail.usma.edu NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 10 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 14 BP 3077 EP 3088 DI 10.1364/AO.38.003077 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 194RB UT WOS:000080206400017 PM 18319894 ER PT J AU Svizhenko, A Bandyopadhyay, S Stroscio, MA AF Svizhenko, A Bandyopadhyay, S Stroscio, MA TI Velocity fluctuations and Johnson noise in quantum wires: the effect of phonon confinement SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; SCATTERING AB We have theoretically studied electron velocity fluctuations and the resulting Johnson (thermal) noise in a free-standing GaAs quantum wire at low and intermediate driving electric fields. One-dimensional confinements of electrons and phonons have been taken into account. Acoustic phonon confinement introduces infrared frequency peaks in the noise power spectrum which are an unmistakable signature of phonon confinement and provide an experimental 'handle' to use in assessing the importance of such confinement. Phonon confinement also suppresses the de component of the noise spectral density (and the hot-carrier diffusivity) by several orders of magnitude. When a transverse magnetic field is applied to the quantum wire, it introduces three remarkable features: (i) it reduces the temporal decay rate of the velocity autocorrelation function and increases the de component of diffusivity, (ii) it promotes prolonged and persistent oscillations in the velocity autocorrelation function which is indicative of a long memory of the electron ensemble, and finally (iii) it red-shifts the peaks in the noise power spectrum by increasing the length of an electron's trajectory in momentum space between two successive phonon Scattering events. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Svizhenko, A (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAY 10 PY 1999 VL 11 IS 18 BP 3697 EP 3709 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/11/18/306 PG 13 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 200MB UT WOS:000080543100007 ER PT J AU Cao, XA Pearton, SJ Donovan, SM Abernathy, CR Ren, F Zolper, JC Cole, MW Zeitouny, A Eizenberg, M Shul, RJ Baca, AG AF Cao, XA Pearton, SJ Donovan, SM Abernathy, CR Ren, F Zolper, JC Cole, MW Zeitouny, A Eizenberg, M Shul, RJ Baca, AG TI Thermal stability of WSix and W ohmic contacts on GaN SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermal stability; ohmic contacts; metallization AB We have sputter-deposited 500-1200 Angstrom thick WSi0.45 and W metallization onto both n(+) GaN (n = 10(19) cm(-3)) doped either during MOCVD growth or by direct Si+ ion implantation (5 x 10(15) cm(-2), 100 keV) activated by RTA at 1400 degrees C for 10 s and p(+) (N-A = 10(18) cm(-3)) GaN. In the n-type epi samples R-c values of 10(-4) Ohm cm(-2) were obtained and were stable to similar to 1000 degrees C. The annealing treatments up to 600 degrees C had little effect on the WSix/GaN interface, but the beta-W2N phase formed between 700-800 degrees C, concomitant with a strong reduction (approximately a factor of 2) in near-surface crystalline defects in the GaN. Spiking of the metallization down the threading and misfit dislocations was observed at 800 degrees C, extending > 5000 Angstrom in some cases. This can create junction shorting in bipolar or thyristor devices. R-c values of similar to 10(-6) Ohm cm(-2) were obtained on the implanted samples for 950 degrees C annealing, with values of similar to 10(-5) Ohm cm(-2) after 1050 degrees C anneals. On p-GaN, the contacts are essentially leaky Schottky diodes at 25 degrees C. but became ohmic at greater than or equal to 250 degrees C, with R-c in the 10(-3) Ohm cm(-2) range. The W-based metallization is much more thermally stable than the more common Ni/Au. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. USA, Res Lab, WMRD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21105 USA. Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Mat Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD MAY 6 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 1-3 BP 362 EP 365 DI 10.1016/S0921-5107(98)00351-1 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 203CB UT WOS:000080689000076 ER PT J AU Szebeni, J Fontana, JL Wassef, NM Mongan, PD Morse, DS Dobbins, DE Stahl, GL Bunger, R Alving, CR AF Szebeni, J Fontana, JL Wassef, NM Mongan, PD Morse, DS Dobbins, DE Stahl, GL Bunger, R Alving, CR TI Hemodynamic changes induced by liposomes and liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin in pigs - A model for pseudoallergic cardiopulmonary reactions to liposomes: Role of complement and inhibition by soluble CR1 and anti-C5a antibody SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE thromboxane; hemodynamics; hypertension, pulmonary; immune system; blood cells ID MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA; IN-VITRO; ACTIVATION; AMPHOTERICIN; DOXORUBICIN; COMPONENTS; MECHANISM; INFUSION; RELEASE; SYSTEM AB Background-Intravenous administration of some liposomal drugs can trigger immediate hypersensitivity reactions that include symptoms of cardiopulmonary distress. The mechanism underlying the cardiovascular changes has not been clarified. Methods nod Results-Anesthetized pigs (n=18) were injected intravenously with 5-mg boluses of large multilamellar liposomes, and the ensuing hemodynamic, hematologic, and laboratory changes were recorded. The significant (P<0.01) alterations included 79+/-9% (mean+/-SEM) rise in pulmonary arterial pressure, 30+/-7% decline in cardiac output, 11+/-2% increase in heart rate, 236+/-54% increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, 71+/-27% increase in systemic vascular resistance, and up to a 100-fold increase in plasma thromboxane B-2. These changes peaked between and 5 minutes after injection, subsided within 10 to 20 minutes, were lipid dose-dependent (ED50=4.5+/-1.4 mg), and were quantitatively reproducible in the same animal several times over 7 hours. The liposome-induced rises of pulmonary arterial pressure showed close quantitative and temporal correlation with elevations of plasma thromboxane B-2 and were inhibited by an anti-C5a monoclonal antibudy (GS1), by sCR1 or by indomethacin. Liposomes caused C5a production in pig serum in vitro through classic pathway activation and bound Ige and IgM natural antibodies. Zymosan- and hemoglobin-containing liposomes and empty liposomes caused essentially identical pulmonary changes. Conclusions-The intense, nontachyphylactic, highly reproducible, complement-mediated pulmonary hypertensive effect of minute amounts of intravenous liposomes in pigs represents a unique, unexplored phenomenon in circulation physiology. The model provides highly sensitive detection and study of cardiopulmonary side effects of liposomal drugs and many other pharmaceutical products due to "complement activation-related pseudoallergy" (CARPA). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesiol & Physiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med,Ctr Expt Therapeut & Reperfus Injury, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Anesthesia, Boston, MA USA. RP Szebeni, J (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-52886, HL-56086]; PHS HHS [R0-7638] NR 32 TC 99 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 4 PY 1999 VL 99 IS 17 BP 2302 EP 2309 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 191CW UT WOS:000080004900014 PM 10226097 ER PT J AU Gross, SM Flowers, D Roberts, G Kiserow, DJ DeSimone, JM AF Gross, SM Flowers, D Roberts, G Kiserow, DJ DeSimone, JM TI Solid-state polymerization of polycarbonates using supercritical CO2 SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLIZATION C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Venable & Kenan Labs, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Venable & Kenan Labs, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NR 11 TC 39 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAY 4 PY 1999 VL 32 IS 9 BP 3167 EP 3169 DI 10.1021/ma981395y PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 194EM UT WOS:000080179200051 ER PT J AU Katulka, G Guedj, C Kolodzey, J Wilson, RG Swann, C Tsao, MW Rabolt, J AF Katulka, G Guedj, C Kolodzey, J Wilson, RG Swann, C Tsao, MW Rabolt, J TI Electrical and optical properties of Ge-implanted 4H-SiC (vol 74, pg 540, 1999) SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Katulka, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 3 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 18 BP 2723 EP 2723 DI 10.1063/1.123949 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 190PE UT WOS:000079972400053 ER PT J AU Kinkade, S AF Kinkade, S TI Testicular cancer SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID GERM-CELL CANCER; TUMOR-MARKERS; TESTIS CANCER; FOLLOW-UP; RISK; DELAY AB Although testicular cancer accounts for only 1 percent of all tumors in males, it is the most common malignancy in males between 15 and 34 years of age. Cryptorchidism is the most significant risk factor for testicular cancer, increasing the risk up to Ii-fold. A painless testicular mass is the classic presentation for testicular cancer, although a number of patients present with diffuse pain or swelling. Ultrasonography may be helpful in confirming the presence of a scrotal mass within the testicle. Intratesticular masses are considered malignant until proved otherwise. Radical orchiectomy is the treatment for the primary tumor. Staging of disease is based on tumor histology, serum tumor markers and presence of lymph-node or other metastatic disease. Depending on the stage of disease, further treatment may include observation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or surgery Survival rates in patients with testicular cancer have improved dramatically in the past 20 years and now exceed 90 percent overall. C1 Darnell Army Community Hosp, Dept Family Practice, Ft Hood, TX USA. RP Kinkade, S (reprint author), USA, MC, 605 Totem Trail, Harker Hts, TX 76548 USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAY 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 9 BP 2539 EP 2544 PG 6 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 194YR UT WOS:000080222800015 PM 10323360 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ Gibbons, RV Feuerstein, IM Jones, DL Vernalis, M Brazaitis, M AF O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ Gibbons, RV Feuerstein, IM Jones, DL Vernalis, M Brazaitis, M TI Rationale and design of the Prospective Army Coronary Calcium (PACC) study: Utility of electron beam computed tomography as a screening test for coronary artery disease and as an intervention for risk factor modification among young, asymptomatic, active-duty United States Army personnel SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LUMEN STENOSIS; CALCIFICATION; ANGIOGRAPHY; QUANTIFICATION; PROTOCOLS; SEVERITY; ADULTS; PLAQUE; SCORE; WORK AB Background Screening For coronary artery calcium with electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) has potential diagnostic and prognostic implications. Most prior research on this technology has been done on selected, high-risk populations. The goal of the Prospective Army Coronary Calcium (PACC) study is to determine the utility of EBCT for the detection of coronary calcium as a screening test For coronary artery disease and as an intervention For risk factor modification among young,asymptomatic,active-duty personnel undergoing the United States Army's Cardiovascular Screening Program. Methods and Results Three study designs will be used to address the objectives of this investigation: (1) a cross-sectional study of 2000 unselected, consecutive participants to determine the prevalence and extent of coronary calcification in the 40- to 45-year-old Army population, (2) a randomized, controlled trial with a 2 x 2 factorial design involving 1000 participants to assess the impact of EBCT information on several dimensions of patient behavior, with and without intensive risk factor case management,and (3) a prospective cohort study of 2000 participants Followed for at least 5 years to establish the relation between coronary calcification and cardiovasculor events in an unselected, "low-risk" (by conventional standards) Army population. Conclusions We present a review of the literature on the clinical utility of EBCT, with a focus on the limited research in young, asymptomatic populations. The details of the PACC study (begun in October 1998) are presented. The results of the PACC study will determine the clinical utility of EBCT in young, asymptomatic patients. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 37 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 137 IS 5 BP 932 EP 941 DI 10.1016/S0002-8703(99)70419-9 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 194AY UT WOS:000080171000026 PM 10220644 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Positive operator valued measure in quantum information processing SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NONORTHOGONAL STATES; CRYPTOGRAPHY AB The positive operator valued measure (POVM), also known as the probability operator valued measure, is useful in quantum information processing, The POVM consists of a set of non-negative quantum-mechanical Hermitian operators that add up to the identity. The probability that a quantum system is in a particular state is given by the expectation value of the POVM operator corresponding to that state. Following a brief review of the mathematics and history of POVMs in quantum theory, and an expository discussion of the quantum mechanics of photonic qubits, a particular implementation of a POVM for use in the measurement of photonic qubits is reviewed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 41 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 67 IS 5 BP 434 EP 439 DI 10.1119/1.19280 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA 189RJ UT WOS:000079919300013 ER PT J AU Ishihara, S Ward, JA Tasaki, O Pruitt, BA Javors, MA Cassidy, RA Mozingo, DW AF Ishihara, S Ward, JA Tasaki, O Pruitt, BA Javors, MA Cassidy, RA Mozingo, DW TI Biphasic changes in left ventricular function during hyperdynamic endotoxemia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE contractility; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; endotoxin; hemodynamics; left ventricle ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; HUMAN SEPTIC SHOCK; FACTOR-ALPHA; MYOCARDIAL-CONTRACTILITY; DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CONSCIOUS DOGS; SEPSIS; PERFORMANCE AB Cardiac contractility was studied in a clinically relevant conscious swine model simulating human hemodynamics during endotoxemia. The slope of the endsystolic pressure-volume relationship [end-systolic elastance (E-ES)] was used as a load-independent contractility index. Chronic instrumentation in 10 pigs included two pairs of endocardial ultrasonic crystals for measuring internal major and minor a;sial dimensions of the left ventricle, a micromanometer for left ventricular pressure measurement, and a thermodilution pulmonary artery catheter. After a 10-day recovery period, control measurements of cardiac hemodynamic function were obtained. The following week, Escherichia coli endotoxin (10 mu g.kg(-1).h(-1)) was administered intravenously for 24 h. E-ES increased 1 h after endotoxin infusion and decreased beyond 7 h. The later hemodynamic changes resembled human cardiovascular performance during endotoxemia more closely than the changes during the acute phase. E-ES decreased in the later phase. A similar biphasic response of E-ES has been reported during a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) challenge. Even though plasma TNF was highest at 1 h and declined thereafter in this study, no consistent relationship between TNF and E-ES was identified, and TNF levels did not correlate directly with the changes in E-ES. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ishihara, S (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM ccmishr@ndmc.ac.jp NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 EI 1522-1490 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 276 IS 5 BP R1516 EP R1524 PG 9 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 194PE UT WOS:000080202100036 PM 10233046 ER PT J AU Johnson, RN Lawyer, PG Ngumbi, PM Mebrahtu, YB Mwanyumba, JP Mosonik, NC Makasa, SJ Githure, JI Roberts, CR AF Johnson, RN Lawyer, PG Ngumbi, PM Mebrahtu, YB Mwanyumba, JP Mosonik, NC Makasa, SJ Githure, JI Roberts, CR TI Phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera : Psychodidae) seasonal distribution and infection rates in a defined focus of Leishmania tropica SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; RIFT-VALLEY; KENYA; GUGGISBERGI; VECTOR AB A two-year study was conducted of phlebotomine sand, fly fauna in a defined focus of Leishmania tropica. A total of 17,947 sand flies representing 10 species were collected from the location. Phlebotomus guggisbergi, a vector of L. tropica in Kenya, was the most prevalent species through the entire period, representing about 80% of the total catch. There was marked seasonal fluctuation in the populations of the three most common species, with highest population levels reached in December and lowest levels reached in July and August. Leishmania-like infections were encountered in 489 P. guggisbergi. No flagellate infections were observed in any other species of sand fly. Although infected P. guggisbergi were collected during each month of the year, the percent parous infected flies was highest (27.5%) during the November through January time period. These data show that the greatest risk of transmission to humans at this focus occurs during December, when the vector is prevalent and infections are common. C1 USA, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenya Med Res Inst, Biomed Sci Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Johnson, RN (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med N, Ft Meade, MD 20755 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 60 IS 5 BP 854 EP 858 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 198TE UT WOS:000080439600024 PM 10344664 ER PT J AU Katial, RK Ratto-Kim, S Sitz, KV Moriarity, R Engler, RJM AF Katial, RK Ratto-Kim, S Sitz, KV Moriarity, R Engler, RJM TI Varicella immunity: persistent serologic non-response to immunization SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ZOSTER VIRUS; INDIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; VACCINE; CHILDREN; ANTIBODY AB Objective: Varicella-zoster (VZV) infection is an occupational hazard for health care workers. The "gold standard" for assessing protection is a positive antibody titer. We present a case of persistent serologic non-responsiveness following VZV immunization and discuss a management strategy. Methods: A 29-year-old woman, immunocompetent pediatric resident was repeatedly removed from her clinical duties because of a negative history of chicken pox and the absence of a VZV antibody titer, She received a total of three doses of the VZV vaccine and continued to have a negative antibody titer as measured by a commercial ELISA assay (Wampole). Subsequently, she had three direct contacts with infectious children and did not develop clinical chicken pox. Results: A lymphocyte proliferation assay was performed using inactivated varicella vaccine and tetanus antigens. The patient's varicella and tetanus stimulation index (SI) were 46.5 and 42, respectively. The SI for the positive control (a patient recently recovered from a wild type infection) were 144 (varicella specific), and 114 (tetanus), The SI secondary to VZV antigens reported in the literature is 30.5 +/- 9.1. We reassessed the varicella antibody titer using more sensitive assays: fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen and latex agglutination. Both tests verified the presence of VZV specific IgG at a titer of 1:8 in our patient. Conclusion: This case illustrates that in a subgroup of individuals the antibody response to VZV vaccine may be low despite an adequate cell-mediated response. Commercial VZV ELISA assays were designed to measure higher titers associated with natural infection rather than the lower titer induced by the vaccine. Repeated immunizations plus more sensitive measures of VZV-specific IgG should be used to validate protection rather than the current commonly utilized ELISA screening, Clinicians should be aware of the variability in VZV-specific antibody assays when assessing post VZV vaccine titers prior to determining protection in health care workers. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Washington, DC USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Katial, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Bldg 2,Room 1J, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 82 IS 5 BP 431 EP 434 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 199EY UT WOS:000080468500004 PM 10353572 ER PT J AU Okano, GJ Rascati, KL Wilson, JP Remund, DD AF Okano, GJ Rascati, KL Wilson, JP Remund, DD TI A comparison of antihypertensive medication utilization before and after guideline changes using the Department of Defense prescription database SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE antihypertensives; drug utilization ID INTERVENTION LETTERS; JNC-V; HYPERTENSION; PATTERNS; CARE AB OBJECTIVE: To determine changes in the proportion of antihypertensive medication utilization, distributed by medication classes, associated with the Fifth Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC V) guideline changes and the Department of Defense Pharmacoeconomic Center's recommendations to follow JNC V guidelines in presumed newly treated hypertensive patients. DESIGN: A 43-month, longitudinal, retrospective analysis using data from the Department of Defense Uniformed Services Prescription Database. SETTING: Seven outpatient US military sites. PATIENTS: Eligible patients (n = 7277) included those from seven military sites, aged 20-49 years, who were: (1) active-duty members of the US Armed Forces, (2) active-duty members' family members, (3) retired members of the US Armed Forces, and (4) US Armed Forces retired members' family members. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Proportion of antihypertensive medication utilization, distributed by medication class over the 43-month study period. METHODOLOGY: Segmented time series analysis was used for each of the following four medication classes: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, P-blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and diuretics. RESULTS: Segmented time series analyses revealed no significant differences in utilization of the four medication classes that corresponded to published guidelines outlining initial antihypertensive therapy. CONCLUSIONS: it appeared that JNC V guidelines and recommendations of the Pharmacoeconomic Center to follow JNC V had little effect on the utilization of prescription medication classes studied. C1 Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharm Practice & Adm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Med Serv Corps, Dept Def, Pharmacoecon Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rascati, KL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharm Practice & Adm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 33 IS 5 BP 548 EP 553 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 201EN UT WOS:000080582200004 PM 10369615 ER PT J AU Ottolini, MC Davis, BE Patel, K Sachs, HC Gershon, NB Moon, RY AF Ottolini, MC Davis, BE Patel, K Sachs, HC Gershon, NB Moon, RY TI Prone infant sleeping despite the "back to sleep" campaign SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Ambulatory-Pediatrics-Association CY MAY 03-08, 1998 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Ambulatory Pediat Assoc ID DEATH-SYNDROME; RISK-FACTORS; POSITION; HEALTH; PREVALENCE; SIDS AB Objectives: To determine sleep position Variation during the first 6 months of life and to identify risk factors For prone Sleeping. Design: Cohort study of healthy term newborns recruited from November 1995 to September 1996 and followed up to age 6 months. Pediatricians mere sun eyed about sleep position advice. At recruitment, all parents were instructed to avoid prone sleeping, Parents were telephoned at 1 week and then monthly to ensure that they recorded sleep position. Investigators were unaware of sleep position until the infant was 6 months of age, when sleep log data and reasons for sleep position choice were ascertained. Setting: Practice-based study conducted by the Children's National Medical Center Pediatric Research Network, Washington, DC. Participants: A total of 402 consecutive healthy term newborns followed up by a Pediatric Research Network pediatrician were enrolled. Exclusion criteria were prematurity, a serious medical condition, and absence of a telephone. Of the 402 enrolled newborns, 348 (86.6%) completed the study. Results: Only 34.0% of infants maintained a consistent sleep position. Prone sleeping increased from 12.2%;, at birth to 32.0% at 6 months. One third of pediatricians discussed sleep position beyond the newborn period. The following Mere associated (P<.05) with prone sleeping: male ses, lower maternal education level, single marital status, having siblings, and black race. received infant comfort was the main reason fur prone sleeping. Conclusions: Most newborns are placed by parents in nonprone sleep positions. Pediatricians need to consistently reinforce the "Back to Sleep" message when the infants are 2 to 4 months of age because this is the most likely time that they are switched to prone sleeping and the highest risk period of sudden infant death syndrome. Parents should not use prone sleeping as a means of comforting infants. C1 Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Gen Pediat & Adolescent Med, Childrens Res Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Serv & Clin Res, Childrens Res Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Holy Cross Hosp, Silver Spring, MD USA. Monash Univ, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia. RP Ottolini, MC (reprint author), Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Gen Pediat & Adolescent Med, Childrens Res Inst, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. NR 26 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 153 IS 5 BP 512 EP 517 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 194EF UT WOS:000080178600013 PM 10323633 ER PT J AU Murphy, FT Enzenauer, RJ AF Murphy, FT Enzenauer, RJ TI Geographic tongue SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Murphy, FT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1061 EP 1061 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 193MP UT WOS:000080140400028 PM 10323465 ER PT J AU Tajima, F Sagawa, S Claybaugh, JR Shiraki, K AF Tajima, F Sagawa, S Claybaugh, JR Shiraki, K TI Renal, endocrine, and cardiovascular responses during head-out water immersion in legless men SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE diuresis; natriuresis; atrial natriuretic peptide; plasma renin activity; aldosterone ID ARGININE VASOPRESSIN; BLOOD-VOLUME; HUMANS; NIGHT AB Background: The hydrostatic pressure gradient during head-out water immersion (HOI) causes a blood shift from the legs into the thoracic cavity to stretch the receptors in the cardiac atria and results in a diuresis in hydrated subjects. The present study was conducted to examine whether the HOI-induced diuresis and related circulatory and hormonal changes were attenuated in the subjects who had no legs (legless men). Methods: Two legless men served as the subjects. They lost both legs 15 and 17 yr ago by accidents and were otherwise healthy. Six normal males participated as controls. The experimental protocol was consisted of a 1-h control, a 3-h HOI (water temperature, 34.5 degrees C) and a l-h recovery. Results: Average urine flow (0.6 ml.min(-1)), urinary excretion of sodium (90 mu eq.min(-1)) and osmolal clearance (1.4 ml.min(-1)) of the legless subjects increased in the first h of immersion to 0.7 ml.min(-1), 139 mu eq.min(-1), and 1.8 ml.min(-1), respectively. These values remained elevated during HOI, however, the magnitude of the increase was smaller compared with the control subjects. Plasma arginine vasopressin was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased from 1.0 +/- 0.4 mu U.100 ml(-1) to 0.4 +/- 0.2 mu U.100 ml(-1) during HOI in the normal subjects, but was not in the legless subjects (from 0.5 at control period to 0.4 mu U.100 ml(-1) during HOI). A concurrent reduction of aldosterone and plasma renin activity was observed with an increase in atrial natriuretic peptide during HOI in both subject groups, however, the magnitude of the changes was smaller in the legless subjects compared with the control subjects. Similarly, the average increase in cardiac output during HOI in the legless subjects (by 17%) was less compared with the control subjects (by 31%). Conclusion: The magnitude of renal, endocrine, and cardiovascular changes in response to HOI in the legless subjects were less than in control subjects, but the responses were qualitatively similar. Accordingly, we suggest that the cephalad blood expansion during immersion is not only due to translocation of blood from the legs but also the abdominal region. C1 Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Dept Physiol, Yahatanishi Ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Shiraki, K (reprint author), Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Dept Physiol, Yahatanishi Ku, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8078555, Japan. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 70 IS 5 BP 465 EP 470 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 190TQ UT WOS:000079981400004 PM 10332941 ER PT J AU Moran, DS Pandolf, KB AF Moran, DS Pandolf, KB TI Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) - To what extent is GT essential? SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE heat stress index; ambient temperature; wet bulb temperature; climate ID HEAT-STRESS; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRAIN; HUMIDITY; INDEX AB Background: Industrial and military safety personnel often require an easy, quick and accurate assessment of heat stress as a potential risk. The widely used WBGT index to evaluate heat stress is cumbersome and suited for a fixed site station rather than a mobile situation. Recently, a modified discomfort index (MDI) compiled from ambient temperature (Ta) and wet bulb temperature (Tw) was suggested to evaluate heat stress. Hypothesis: Validation of the simple and easy-to-operate MDI on an independent database can determine whether this index is able to serve as a reliable and valid alternative to WBGT. Methods: Four separate database sets obtained from the Marine Corps Training Site on Parris Island, SCI served to validate this index. Hourly weather measurements were collected daily during 4 yr, representing a wide range of environmental conditions. Results: The MDI validity was tested vs. the WBGT index. A highly significant correlation coefficient (r) greater than 0.95 (p < 0.001) was found in each of the four database sets. Conclusions: The simply constructed and user friendly MDI is easier to calculate and use than WBGT, and it has the potential to serve as an attractive alternative to the WBGT index in assessing heat stress. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. RP Moran, DS (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 70 IS 5 BP 480 EP 484 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 190TQ UT WOS:000079981400007 PM 10332944 ER PT J AU Pattanapanyasat, K Yongvanitchit, K Tongtawe, P Tachavanich, K Wanachiwanawin, W Fucharoen, S Walsh, DS AF Pattanapanyasat, K Yongvanitchit, K Tongtawe, P Tachavanich, K Wanachiwanawin, W Fucharoen, S Walsh, DS TI Impairment of Plasmodium falciparum growth in thalassemic red blood cells: Further evidence by using biotin labeling and flow cytometry SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID MALARIA PARASITES; BETA-THALASSEMIA; ERYTHROCYTES; CULTURE; IRON AB Certain red blood cell (RBC) disorders, including thalassemia, have been associated with an innate protection against malaria infection. However, many in vitro correlative studies have been inconclusive. To better understand the relationship between human RBCs with thalassemia hemoglobinopathies and susceptibility to in vitro infection, we used an in vitro coculture system that involved biotin labeling and flow cytometry to study the ability of normal and variant RBC populations in supporting the growth of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites. Results showed that both normal and thalassemic RBCs were susceptible to P falciparum invasion, but the parasite multiplication rates were significantly reduced in the thalassemic RBC populations. The growth inhibition was especially marked in RBCs from alpha-thalassemia patients (both alpha-thalassemia(1)/alpha-thalassemia(2) and alpha-thalassemia heterozygote). Our observations support the contention that thalassemia confers protection against malaria and may explain why it is more prevalent in malaria endemic areas. (C) 1999 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Off Res & Dev,Ctr Excellence Flow Cytometry, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Pattanapanyasat, K (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Off Res & Dev,Ctr Excellence Flow Cytometry, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. NR 26 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD MAY 1 PY 1999 VL 93 IS 9 BP 3116 EP 3119 PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 190UZ UT WOS:000079984800042 PM 10216109 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC McGrail, LH Hospenthal, DR Howard, RS Dow, NA Diehl, LF AF Byrd, JC McGrail, LH Hospenthal, DR Howard, RS Dow, NA Diehl, LF TI Herpes virus infections occur frequently following treatment with fludarabine: results of a prospective natural history study SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; varicella zoster; herpes simplex; fludarabine ID OPPORTUNISTIC PULMONARY INFECTIONS; CHRONIC-LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; LYMPHOID MALIGNANCIES; THERAPY AB We performed a prospective infectious natural history study of 21 patients with low-grade lymphoproliferative disorders receiving fludarabine as initial (n=5) or salvage (n = 16) therapy 12 (57%) of these patients developed herpes tester (n = 9), herpes simplex I (n = 1) or herpes simplex II (n = 2) infections at a median of 8 (range 1-17) months following initiation of fludarabine, with 75% of these having completed therapy. AU patients with herpes tester developed severe post-herpetic neuralgia, Factors differentiating patients developing these infections included older age and low serum IgG or IgA. Based upon these prospective data, we conclude that herpes virus infections frequently occur following fludarabine treatment, necessitating aggressive patient education and new prophylactic strategies. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Johns Hopkins Oncol Ctr, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Ward 78, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 105 IS 2 BP 445 EP 447 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01364.x PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 201XC UT WOS:000080621300021 PM 10233419 ER PT J AU Hime, WG Mather, B AF Hime, WG Mather, B TI "Sulfate attack," or is it? SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE calcium silicate hydrate; degradation; sulfate; sulfate attack; sulfoaluminate AB Studies of, and articles on, sulfate attack have frequently assumed that this destructive mechanism simply involves the production of ettringite or gypsum, The complexity of "sulfate attack," and of mechanisms masquerading as sulfate attack, are detailed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Wiss Janney Elstner Associates Inc, Northobrook, IL 60062 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hime, WG (reprint author), Wiss Janney Elstner Associates Inc, 330 Pfingsten Rd, Northobrook, IL 60062 USA. NR 4 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 29 IS 5 BP 789 EP 791 DI 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00068-X PG 3 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 208KG UT WOS:000080989600027 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK Karle, JM AF Bhattacharjee, AK Karle, JM TI Stereoelectronic properties of antimalarial artemisinin analogues in relation to neurotoxicity SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; IN-VITRO; DIHYDROARTEMISININ DERIVATIVES; HEPATIC-METABOLISM; BRAIN PENETRATION; DRUG; ARTEETHER; QINGHAOSU; ARTEMETHER; CHEMISTRY AB Quantum chemical calculations on the molecular electronic, structure of artemisinin (qinghaosu) and eight of its derivatives have resulted in stereoelectronic discriminators that differentiate between analogues with higher and lower neurotoxicities. Detailed ab initio quantum chemical calculations leading to complete optimization of geometry of each of the molecules were followed by calculation of their stereoelectronic properties using the 3-21G* split valence basis sets and comparison of the stereoelectronic properties to in vitro neurotoxicity. The least neurotoxic compounds are more polar with an electric field pointing away from the endoperoxide bond and have a higher positive potential on the van der Waals surface of the all carbon-containing ring C, a more stable peroxide bond to cleavage, a less negative electrostatic potential by the endoperoxide, and a single negative potential region extending beyond the van der Waals surface of the molecule. In general, higher intrinsic lipophilicity is associated with greater neurotoxicity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Karle, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 48 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 5 BP 422 EP 428 DI 10.1021/tx9802116 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 197YM UT WOS:000080394200005 PM 10328752 ER PT J AU Davis, WM Erickson, CL Johnston, CT Delfino, JJ Porter, JE AF Davis, WM Erickson, CL Johnston, CT Delfino, JJ Porter, JE TI Quantitative Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopic investigation of humic substance functional group composition SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-WATERS; ACID; MATTER; SOILS AB Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has been widely used for the structural investigation of humic substances. Although Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) instrumentation has been available for sometime, relatively little work with these instruments has been reported for humic substances. IR spectroscopy, like other optical spectroscopies, is a quantitative technique that follows the Beer-Lambert Law. An internal standard FTIR technique is described that allows the quantitative comparison of specific IR absorption bands among different humic substances. The technique provides compositional information on the functional groups present in humic substances. The FTIR technique produces information similar to C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. However, the FTIR method requires less sample quantity and spectral acquisition times are significantly smaller than required for C-13 NMR. This new technique extends the previous qualitative IR spectroscopic studies of humic substances to a quantitative method for the investigation of humic substance structure and composition. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. ASCI Corp, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. RP Davis, WM (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RI Johnston, Cliff/B-2215-2009 OI Johnston, Cliff/0000-0002-8462-9724 NR 36 TC 83 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 12 BP 2913 EP 2928 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00486-X PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 181VF UT WOS:000079462600017 ER PT J AU Loube, DI Andrada, T Howard, RS AF Loube, DI Andrada, T Howard, RS TI Accuracy of respiratory inductive plethysmography for the diagnosis of upper airway resistance syndrome SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE obstructive sleep apnea; polysomnography; respiratory inductive plethysmography; upper airway resistance syndrome ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; PRESSURE; DISORDERS; SYSTEM; FLOW AB Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of quantitative respiratory inductive plethysmograph (RIP) compared with the "gold standard," nocturnal esophageal pressure (Pes) measurement, in the diagnosis of upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) in adults. Methods: Fourteen consecutive patients without obstructive sleep apnea and suspected of having UARS underwent simultaneous measurement of Pes with a catheter and standard nocturnal polysomnography along with RIP. UARS events (RERAs, respiratory effort-related arousals) were identified by observing crescendo changes in Pes with a Pes nadir less than or equal to -12 cm H2O, followed by an arousal or microarousal, UARS was defined as greater than or equal to 10 RERAs per hour. For each patient, the ratio of peak inspiratory flow to mean inspiratory flow (PIFMF) measured by RIP was performed during quiet wakefulness and with 40 randomly selected breaths in the supine position for two conditions: stage 2 sleep, immediately prior to arousals in any sleep stage. The mean PIFMF (wake-sleep) was calculated for each condition. Results: The sensitivities and specificities, respectively, of RIP to distinguish UARS patients from non-UARS patients are from stage 2 sleep (67%, 80%), immediately prior to arousals (100%, 100%). For breaths occurring immediately prior to arousals, the mean PIFMF (wake-sleep) is greater than or equal to 0.13 for UARS patients and < 0.13 for non-UARS patients. Conclusion: The PIFMF measured by RIP allows for the most accurate identification of UARS patients when breaths are selected for analysis immediately prior to arousals. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Loube, DI (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAY PY 1999 VL 115 IS 5 BP 1333 EP 1337 DI 10.1378/chest.115.5.1333 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 196FY UT WOS:000080299400024 PM 10334149 ER PT J AU Stickle, DF McNeil, SE AF Stickle, DF McNeil, SE TI Evaluation of use of singleton measurements of C-peptide by RIA SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; INSULIN C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Stickle, DF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RI Stickle, Douglas/A-9682-2009 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD MAY PY 1999 VL 283 IS 1-2 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1016/S0009-8981(98)00206-X PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 206NP UT WOS:000080886200018 PM 10404743 ER PT J AU Auber, AE O'Hara, M AF Auber, AE O'Hara, M TI Morning Glory Syndrome - MR imaging SO CLINICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE magnetic resonance imaging; Morning Glory Syndrome; optic nerve; congenital dysplasia ID OPTIC-NERVE; CHILDREN; COLOBOMA; ENTITY; CT AB We present two cases of the Morning Glory Syndrome (MGS), with the most detailed MR images to date of this rare congenital optic nerve dysplasia. Though the embryology of this syndrome remains controversial, we feel the MR appearance can be diagnostic of the non-familial syndrome and be reliably distinguished from the similar appearing optic disc coloboma, which may be genetically inherited. MR imaging also allows the most sensitive detection and characterization of any associated intracranial anomalies, thus enabling more accurate determination of prognosis for the patient and their family. (C) Elsevier Science Inc., 1999. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Neuroradiol Sect, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Auber, AE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Neuroradiol Sect, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0899-7071 J9 CLIN IMAG JI Clin. Imaging PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 23 IS 3 BP 152 EP 158 DI 10.1016/S0899-7071(99)00118-7 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 237TJ UT WOS:000082671900002 PM 10506908 ER PT J AU Harrison, LH Halsey, NA McKee, KT Peters, CJ Oro, JGB Briggiler, AM Feuillade, MR Maiztegui, JI AF Harrison, LH Halsey, NA McKee, KT Peters, CJ Oro, JGB Briggiler, AM Feuillade, MR Maiztegui, JI TI Clinical case definitions for Argentine hemorrhagic fever SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID JUNIN VIRUS ACTIVITY; EFFICACY; VACCINE AB Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF) is a potentially lethal infection in Argentina. The case-fatality ratio is >15%, but treatment reduces the mortality rate to <1%. Diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory criteria, but no case definition has been validated. A chart review was conducted for patients hospitalized with suspected AHF. Individuals with a fourfold rise in antibody titer were classified as cases. The combination of a platelet count of <100,000/mm(3) and a white blood cell (WBC) count of <2,500/mm(3) had a sensitivity and specificity of 87% and 88%, respectively, thus suggesting that the use of these criteria in a cane definition would be helpful for epidemiological studies of AHF. The combination of a platelet count of <100,000/mm(3) and a WBC count of <4,000/mm(3) had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 71%; the use of these criteria in a case definition should be helpful for screening patients for therapy with immune plasma in the region where AHF is endemic. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Salk Inst, Govt Serv Div, N Swiftwater, PA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Prevent Med Serv, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Inst Nacl Estud Virosis Hemorragicas, Inst Nacl Enfermedades Virales Humanas Julio I Ma, Pergamino, Argentina. RP Harrison, LH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 521 Parran Hall,130 DeSoto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NR 21 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1091 EP 1094 DI 10.1086/514749 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 190HB UT WOS:000079955800022 PM 10452640 ER PT J AU Miller, HC AF Miller, HC TI Field measurements of longshore sediment transport during storms SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE longshore sediment transport; field studies; storm; sediment transport formulae ID SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; SURF ZONE; SENSORS AB This paper presents an analysis of longshore sediment transport (LST) rates based on an accumulation of data obtained during five storms. Direct measurements of velocities and sus pended sediment concentration were conducted at a minimum of nine positions across a barred profile in waves up to Hm(0) = 3.5 m to provide a measure of the cross-shore distribution and total suspended-load sediment transport rates. The study was conducted at the US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station's Field Research Facility, located in Duck, NC. Measurements were made using the Sensor Insertion System (SIS) which provides an economical means to collect the required information. The largest LST rate computed from the measurements was 1780 m(3) h(-1). Although the cross-shore distribution of the LST varied, it most often had two peaks associated with wave shoaling and breaking at the bar and near the beach. Comparisons of measurement results with predictions using the 'CERC' LST formula show the predicted rates were sometimes higher and other times lower; suggesting that additional terms may be required for short term predictions during storms. Comparisons to a 'Bagnold' type formulation, which included a velocity term that could account for wind and other effects on LST, show better agreement for at least one of the storms. These results are intended to help fill a void of information documenting the cross-shore distribution and LST rates, particularly during storms. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Field Res Facil, Duck, NC 27949 USA. RP Miller, HC (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Field Res Facil, Duck, NC 27949 USA. NR 48 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 36 IS 4 BP 301 EP 321 DI 10.1016/S0378-3839(99)00010-1 PG 21 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 196DQ UT WOS:000080294100002 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, AC Harris, LD Saviolakis, GA Martin, DG AF Wilkinson, AC Harris, LD Saviolakis, GA Martin, DG TI Cushing's syndrome with concurrent diabetes mellitus in a rhesus monkey SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; THERAPY; TUMORS AB Cushing's syndrome is the clinical expression of the overproduction of glucocorticoids and is well recognized in both human and veterinary medicine. Spontaneous diabetes mellitus is well known in Macaca spp., however the occurrence of hyperadrenocorticism and diabetes mellitus concurrently in macaques has not been reported previously. This unusual case presents a rare opportunity to examine the relationships between two important endocrine diseases in a nonhuman primate, A male, 14-year-old rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) was diagnosed with hyperadrenocorticism and concurrent diabetes mellitus, Initially, the monkey had mildly elevated blood glucose values upon routine semi-annual physical examination. Further diagnostic work-up demonstrated hypercortisolism, Adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing's syndrome was subsequently diagnosed in light of results from dexamethasone testing, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography scans. A therapeutic course of L-deprenyl (Anipryl(R)) was begun, and 8 weeks later, insulin therapy was initiated. The patient responded well to insulin therapy, however the dosage was rapidly increased. After 6 months, Anipryl(R) therapy was determined to be of little or no value, and ketoconazole was selected as the drug of choice to control the hypercortisolism. The monkey has shown remarkable improvement with the dual therapies of insulin and ketoconazole, Approximately 2 months after the initiation of ketoconazole therapy, the animal was returned to an experimental protocol under the conditions of twice-daily treatment and strict dietary control. The ongoing plan for clinical management includes periodic blood glucose and liver function surveillance. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wilkinson, AC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Med, Bldg 511,Forest Glen Annex, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 3 BP 62 EP 66 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 198MJ UT WOS:000080427700003 PM 12086427 ER PT J AU Reid, TJ Gao, DJ AF Reid, TJ Gao, DJ TI Symposium on Cryopreservation of Human Platelets: An overview - Held at the 35th Annual Meeting of the Society for Cryobiology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July 16, 1998 SO CRYOBIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS; STORAGE; TRANSFUSION; ACTIN; ACTIVATION; ASSOCIATION; SHAPE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20344 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Ctr Biomed Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Reid, TJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20344 USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0011-2240 J9 CRYOBIOLOGY JI Cryobiology PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 3 BP 177 EP 179 DI 10.1006/cryo.1999.2171 PG 3 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 201BU UT WOS:000080575400001 PM 10328907 ER PT J AU Woods, EJ Liu, J Gilmore, JA Reid, TJ Gao, DY Critser, JK AF Woods, EJ Liu, J Gilmore, JA Reid, TJ Gao, DY Critser, JK TI Determination of human platelet membrane permeability coefficients using the Kedem-Katchalsky formalism: Estimates from two- vs three-parameter fits SO CRYOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Cryopreservation of Human Platelets, at the 35th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Cryobiology CY JUL 16, 1998 CL PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA SP Soc Cryobiol DE platelet; cryopreservation; membrane permeability ID HUMAN SPERMATOZOA; GLYCEROL; PROPANE-1,2-DIOL; CRYOPRESERVATION; REMOVAL; VOLUME; CELLS AB Attempts to cryopreserve human blood platelets have resulted in poor postthaw survival rates and have been inadequate for routine clinical application. As a result, most blood banks maintain platelets in nonfrozen solutions. Using this approach, platelets can be stored for only about 5 days and are then discarded. This situation greatly limits the use of platelet transfusion in clinical practice. Information regarding fundamental cryobiological characteristics can be applied to predict platelet response to cryoprotective agent (CPA) addition/removal and to cooling/warming. Methods can then be engineered to optimize cryopreservation procedures, thereby minimizing platelet damage and maximizing postthaw recovery. It was therefore the purpose of this study to determine some of the necessary biophysical parameters required for this process: (i) plasma membrane hydraulic conductivity (L-p), (ii) cryoprotectant solute permeability coefficient (P-s), (iii) the associated reflection coefficient (sigma), and (iv) their activation energies. The CPAs studied included dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) and propylene glycol at 1.5 M concentration. Permeability was measured at 22, 10, and 4 degrees C using a modified Coulter counter in conjunction with a water-jacketed beaker system for temperature regulation. The Kedem-Katchalsky formalism was used to estimate the parameters using: (1) a three-parameter fit and (2) a two-parameter fit in which a noninteracting value of sigma was calculated. Two-parameter estimates were in closer agreement with previously published values, and these were used in a model to simulate addition and removal of 0.64 M (5%) and 1.0 M (7.8%) Me2SO, the most common CPA currently used in empirically determined platelet cryopreservation protocols. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 LLC, Gen Biotechnol, Carmel, IN USA. Indiana Univ, Med Ctr, Wells Ctr Pediat Res, Cryobiol Res Inst, Indianapolis, IN USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Vet Clin Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Ctr Biomed Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Critser, JK (reprint author), Wells Res Ctr, Canc Res Bldg,Room 454,1044 W Walnut St, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. NR 24 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0011-2240 J9 CRYOBIOLOGY JI Cryobiology PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 3 BP 200 EP 208 DI 10.1006/cryo.1998.2146 PG 9 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 201BU UT WOS:000080575400004 PM 10328910 ER PT J AU Reid, TJ LaRussa, VF Esteban, G Clear, M Davies, L Shea, S Gorogias, M AF Reid, TJ LaRussa, VF Esteban, G Clear, M Davies, L Shea, S Gorogias, M TI Cooling and freezing damage platelet membrane integrity SO CRYOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Cryopreservation of Human Platelets, at the 35th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Cryobiology CY JUL 16, 1998 CL PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA SP Soc Cryobiol DE platelet; membrane integrity; freezing; activation AB Cytoskeletal rearrangements and a membrane lipid phase transition (liquid crystalline to gel) occur in platelets on cooling from 23 to 4 degrees C. A consequence of these structural alterations is irreversible cellular damage. We investigated whether platelet membrane integrity could be preserved by (a) previously studied combinations of a calcium chelator (EGTA) and microfilament stabilizer (cytochalasin B) with apparent benefit in protecting platelets from cooling injury or (b) agents of known benefit in protecting membranes and proteins from freezing injury. Platelet function and activation before and after freezing or cooling were measured by agglutination with ristocetin, aggregation with thrombin or ADP, platelet-induced clot retraction (PICR), and expression of P-selectin. Platelets were loaded with 10 nM fluorescein diacetate. After freezing or cooling, the preparations were centrifuged and the supernatant was measured for fluorescein. For cooling experiments, fresh platelets were chilled at 4 degrees C for 1 to 21 days with or without the combination of 80 mu M EGTA/AM and 2 mu M cytochalasin B (EGTA/AM-CytoB) and then warmed rapidly at 37 degrees C. For freezing experiments, 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) or 5 mM glycerol were added to fresh platelets. The preparations were then frozen at -1 degrees C/min to -70 degrees C and then thawed rapidly at 37 degrees C. platelet membrane integrity, as measured by supernatant levels of fluorescein, correlated inversely with platelet function. Chilling platelets at 4 degrees C with EGTA/AM-CytoB showed a gradual loss of membrane integrity, with maximum loss reached on day 7. The loss of membrane integrity preceded complete loss of function as demonstrated by PICR. In contrast, platelets chilled without these agents had complete loss of membrane integrity and function after 1 day of storage. Freezing platelets in Me2SO resulted in far less release of fluorescein than did freezing with or without other cryoprotectants (P < 0.001). This result correlated with enhanced function as demonstrated by PICR and supports earlier observations that Me2SO protects platelet membranes from freezing injury. Release of fluorescein into the surrounding medium reflected loss of membrane integrity and function in both cooled and frozen platelets. Membrane cytoskeletal rearrangements are linked to membrane changes during storage. These results may be generally applicable to the study of platelet storage. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Reid, TJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol & Vasc Biol, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0011-2240 J9 CRYOBIOLOGY JI Cryobiology PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 3 BP 209 EP 224 DI 10.1006/cryo.1999.2164 PG 16 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 201BU UT WOS:000080575400005 PM 10328911 ER PT J AU Gao, DY Neff, K Xiao, HY Matsubayashi, H Cui, XD Bonderman, P Bonderman, D Harvey, K McIntyre, JA Critser, J Miraglia, CC Reid, T AF Gao, DY Neff, K Xiao, HY Matsubayashi, H Cui, XD Bonderman, P Bonderman, D Harvey, K McIntyre, JA Critser, J Miraglia, CC Reid, T TI Development of optimal techniques for cryopreservation of human platelets - I. Platelet activation during cold storage (at 22 and 8 degrees C) and cryopreservation SO CRYOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Cryopreservation of Human Platelets, at the 35th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Cryobiology CY JUL 16, 1998 CL PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA SP Soc Cryobiol DE human platelets; activation; cryopreservation; phosphatidylserine; annexin V ID PHOSPHOLIPID ASYMMETRY; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; BLOOD; CELLS; GLYCEROL; MEMBRANE AB Using the current blood bank storage conditions at 22 degrees C, the viability and function of human platelets can be maintained for only 5 days. This does not allow for the necessary and extensive banking of platelets needed to treat patients afflicted with thrombocytopenia, a side effect of many invasive surgeries such as cardiopulmonary bypass or bone marrow transplantation. The development of optimal techniques for long-term cryopreservation and banking of human platelets would provide the ability to greatly extend the viable life of the platelet and would fulfill an increasing and urgent need in many clinical applications. To determine the optimal techniques for platelet preservation, the expression of an activation marker, phosphatidylserine, on the platelet membrane during storage at 22 and 8 degrees C as well as during the different freezing preservation processes was examined using flow cytometry and annexin V binding assay. Human platelets were identified by both CD41 and light scatter in flow cytometry. In cryopreservation experiments, effects of the following factors on platelet activation were evaluated: (a) cryoprotective agents (CPAs) type: dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO), ethylene glycol (EG), and propylene glycol (PG), (b) CPA concentration ranging from 0 to 3 M, and (c) ending temperatures of a slow cooling process at -1 degrees C/min. Our results demonstrated that (a) approximately 50% of platelets were activated on days 7 and 16 at 22 and 8 degrees C, respectively; (b) platelets were not significantly activated after 30-min exposure to 1 M Me2SO, EG, and PG at 22 degrees C, respectively, and (c) there was a significant difference in cryoprotective efficacy among these three CPAs in preventing platelets from cryoinjury. After being cooled to -10 degrees C, 74% of the cryopreserved platelets survived (nonactivated) in 1 M Me2SO solution, while in 1 M EG and 1 M PG solutions, 62 and 42% of the platelets survived, respectively. Using the information that Me2SO consistently yields higher percentages of nonactivated platelets and does not seem to be cytotoxic to platelets for 30-min exposure time, this was found to be the optimal cryoprotective agent for platelets. In addition, significant Me2SO toxicity to platelets was not noted until Me,SO concentrations exceeded 2 M. Finally, a concentration of 1 M Me,SO proved to be the most effective at all cryopreservation ending temperatures tested (-10, -30, -60, and -196 degrees C). In conclusion, under the present experimental conditions, a storage temperature of 8 degrees C appeared to be much better than 22 degrees C. Although the potential chemical toxicity of 1 M Me2SO, EG, or PG is negligible, 1 M Me2SO was found to be optimum for cryopreservation of human platelets. PG has the least cryoprotective function for low-temperature platelet survival, (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Ctr Biomed Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 46211 USA. Methodist Hosp Indiana, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Analyt Control Syst Inc, Fishers, IN 46038 USA. Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Hematol, Washington, DC 20344 USA. RP Gao, DY (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. NR 31 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0011-2240 J9 CRYOBIOLOGY JI Cryobiology PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 3 BP 225 EP 235 DI 10.1006/cryo.1999.2162 PG 11 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 201BU UT WOS:000080575400006 PM 10328912 ER PT J AU Verbrugge, LM Merrill, SS Liu, X AF Verbrugge, LM Merrill, SS Liu, X TI Measuring disability with parsimony SO DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE disability; global item; self-rated health; health surveys; survey methodology AB Primary objective: Health surveys, especially those for older persons, include numerous detailed items about disability. There has been little effort to develop a global disability item, that is, one question that covers the concept of disability briefly but well. This article discusses how parsimony can be achieved through a single item, or less desirably by reductions of detailed items. Main outcome and results: Results of three analyses on the issue of compact disability indicators, using public-use data sets (AHEAD, HRS, BRFSS), are presented. The analyses study relationships of global disability to both detailed disability items and global health. Overall, the results show that a global disability item has good coverage of specific disabilities and is distinct from self-rated health. Conclusions: Routine inclusion of a global disability item in surveys is recommended, and specific suggestions are made to aid its design. C1 Univ Michigan, Inst Gerontol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Calif Med Review Inc, San Francisco, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Verbrugge, LM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Inst Gerontol, 300 N Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 23 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0963-8288 J9 DISABIL REHABIL JI Disabil. Rehabil. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 21 IS 5-6 BP 295 EP 306 PG 12 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 203BK UT WOS:000080687300012 PM 10381242 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J AF Wolfenstine, J TI Intrinsic creep resistance of two solid oxygen fuel cell electrolytes - Cubic zirconia vs. doped lanthanum gallate SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; LAGAO3 PEROVSKITE; CONDUCTOR; OXIDE; ZRO2 AB Knowledge of the creep parameters for cubic zirconia and doped lanthanum gallate allowed for a determination of the intrinsic resistance of each material in the temperature range 800-1000 degrees C, where they are to be utilized as electrolytes in solid oxygen fuel cells. The results reveal that the intrinsic creep resistance of cubic zirconia is much higher than that for doped lanthanum gallate. This is most likely a result of the difference in the complexity of the crystal structures. (C) 1999 The Electrochemical Society. S1099-0062(99)01-021-4. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 2 IS 5 BP 210 EP 211 DI 10.1149/1.1390786 PG 2 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 186UT UT WOS:000079749100002 ER PT J AU Gray, GC Callahan, JD Hawksworth, AW Fisher, CA Gaydos, JC AF Gray, GC Callahan, JD Hawksworth, AW Fisher, CA Gaydos, JC TI Respiratory diseases among US military personnel: Countering emerging threats SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PYOGENES INFECTION; GLOBAL INFLUENZA SURVEILLANCE; ACUTE RHEUMATIC-FEVER; SHOCK-LIKE SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; MARINE-CORPS; MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; ARMY TRAINEES; RISK-FACTORS; PENICILLIN-G AB Emerging respiratory disease agents, increased antibiotic resistance, and the loss of effective vaccines threaten to increase the incidence of respiratory disease in military personnel. We examine six respiratory pathogens (adenoviruses, influenza viruses, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Bordetella pertussis) and review the impact of the diseases they cause, past efforts to control these diseases in U.S. military personnel, as well as current treatment and surveillance strategies, limitations in diagnostic testing, and vaccine needs. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Emerging Illness Div, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Emerging Illness Div, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. NR 80 TC 149 Z9 156 U1 1 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 5 IS 3 BP 379 EP 387 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 205NN UT WOS:000080827600008 PM 10341174 ER PT J AU Iudica-Souza, C Burch, HB AF Iudica-Souza, C Burch, HB TI Amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction SO ENDOCRINOLOGIST LA English DT Review ID IODINE-INDUCED THYROTOXICOSIS; LOW-DOSE AMIODARONE; SERUM INTERLEUKIN-6 CONCENTRATION; ANTITHYROID ANTIBODIES; INDUCED HYPOTHYROIDISM; CARDIAC-ARRHYTHMIAS; POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE; IN-VITRO; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HORMONE METABOLISM AB Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges abound in amiodarone-treated patients. Amiodarone therapy results in perturbations in tests of thyroid function in euthyroid individuals as well as a complete spectrum of true thyroid derangement in a select group of patients treated with this agent. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of current principles in the diagnosis and management of amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrine Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Burch, HB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrine Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 101 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-2144 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGIST JI Endocrinologist PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 9 IS 3 BP 216 EP 227 DI 10.1097/00019616-199905000-00008 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 201PM UT WOS:000080604000008 ER PT J AU Fehl, BD Truman, KZ AF Fehl, BD Truman, KZ TI An evaluation of fracture mechanics quarter-point displacement techniques used for computing stress intensity factors SO ENGINEERING STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTS AB Engineers have made extensive efforts to predict cracking which is inherent in most structural systems. This paper evaluates two nodal displacement methods used for prediction of cracking in massive concrete structures. The methods are based on linear elastic fracture mechanics principles because the object of the research is massive concrete structures. The methods evaluated are the displacement correlation technique and the quarter-point displacement technique and must be implemented through the use of quarter-point elements (QPE). Since assumptions exist in development of the method for computing stress intensity factors, it is necessary to quantify the effects of these assumptions for use with QPEs of different sizes. Four different problems with closed form solutions are analyzed using five different meshes around the crack tip. Results from these analyses are used to draw con elusions regarding the ability of nodal displacement methods to predict stress intensity factors of cracks. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Civil Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Informat Technol Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Truman, KZ (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Civil Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-0296 J9 ENG STRUCT JI Eng. Struct. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 21 IS 5 BP 406 EP 415 DI 10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00221-6 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 156KF UT WOS:000077999600003 ER PT J AU Johnson, MS Franke, LS Lee, RB Holladay, SD AF Johnson, MS Franke, LS Lee, RB Holladay, SD TI Bioaccumulation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and polychlorinated biphenyls through two routes of exposure in a terrestrial amphibian: Is the dermal route significant? SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE salamander; dermal; 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene; bioaccumulation; Ambystoma tigrinum ID SALAMANDER AB Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) were exposed via soil and/or food (earthworms) to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and a PCB mixture (Aroclor 1260) at environmentally relevant concentrations. Four exposures were considered: (1) uncontaminated food + uncontaminated soil (control group); (2) contaminated soil + uncontaminated food (dermal group); (3) contaminated food + uncontaminated soil (oral group); and, (4) contaminated soil + contaminated food (dual-exposure group). The chemical exposure was estimated for each group by analysis of both soil and earthworms. Body burdens of TNT and its primary metabolites were highest in the dermal groups while PCB burdens were highest in the oral groups. Concentrations of the primary TNT metabolites evaluated, 2-amino-dinitrotoluene (DNT) and 4-amino-DNT, exceeded that of unmetabolized TNT and accumulated to 116 and 670 ng/g, respectively. These results provide evidence that dermal exposures to nitroaromatics in terrestrial salamanders may make an important contribution to total body burden and thus may be important when considering the health consequences of such exposures. Further, the demonstration of the accumulation of TNT and TNT metabolites in a primitive vertebrate may have food web modeling implications. C1 Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. DAKKRO Corp, Littleton, CO 80161 USA. Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Johnson, MS (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Toxicol Directorate, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 32 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 9 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 18 IS 5 BP 873 EP 878 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<0873:BOTAPB>2.3.CO;2 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 187RQ UT WOS:000079801300009 ER PT J AU Moul, JV AF Moul, JV TI Angiogenesis, p53, bcl-2 and ki-67 in the progression of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy SO EUROPEAN UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Strategies for the Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer CY OCT 29-31, 1998 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM DE prostate; cancer; radical prostatectomy; p53; bcl-2; Ki-67; prognosis ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY KI-67; EXPERIMENTAL ADJUVANT THERAPY; MICROVESSEL DENSITY ANALYSIS; PATHOLOGICAL STAGE; TUMOR ANGIOGENESIS; PROGNOSTIC MARKER; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; GENE ALTERATIONS; DISEASE RECURRENCE; NUCLEAR ROUNDNESS AB Within the past 5 years, research has increasingly addressed molecular alterations in prostate cancer (CaP). Mutations of tumor suppressor gene p53 have been found in a variety of cancers, including urologic neoplasms. Several studies have been conducted on CaP specimens, citing frequencies of p53 alterations in localized cancers ranging from 4 to 60% and with more advanced hormone refractory disease, as high as 94%. The majority of studies have revealed a low percentage of p53 abnormalities in early-stage (clinically organ-confined) CaP. The overwhelming bulk of evidence suggests that the frequency of p53 abnormalities does increase with disease progression and is highest in tissues from patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. More recently, our group and others have found that focal p53 expression in the primary tumor by immunohistochemistry is predictive of cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. bcl-2 is an oncogene critically involved in the apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Overexpression of bcl-2 protein by immunohistochemistry has been commonly detected in advanced hormone refractory CaP. Our group recently has also shown that bcl-2 protein expression in primary CaP is a predictor of cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Furthermore, the combination of p53 and bcl-2 protein expression were both independent predictors of recurrence after surgery. Most recently, we have shown that even though p53 and bcl-2 are predictive biomarkers when sampling the radical prostatectomy specimen, they are not useful to predict postoperative recurrence when sampling the pretreatment needle biopsy. Ki-67 is an antigen of cellular proliferation. Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 in archival material can be performed using the MIB-1 antibody. Unlike our results with p53 and bcl-2, Ki-67 protein expression by immunohistochemistry using MIB-1 was not an independent prognostic marker for cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy although it may have clinical utility in subsets of patients. Assessment of MIB-1 staining in CaP needle biopsy samples is underway. Tumor neovascularity, or angiogenesis, is necessary for cancers to grow and metastasize. Angiogenesis in CaP as a prognostic marker has received recent attention. Most studies have used factor VIII immunohistochemical staining and increased angiogenesis has been suggested as a staging and prognostic marker. Our group has recently conducted a large study of radical prostatectomy patients and used CD34 antigen immunohistochemistry to assess neovascularity. We did not find that this biomarker assessment was an independent prognostic marker of cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Further work is being conducted in needle biopsy samples. More research is needed to assess new biomarkers and, most importantly, to standardize the methodology for sampling and assaying biomarkers in heterogeneous and multifocal prostate cancer. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JV (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 66 TC 68 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-2838 J9 EUR UROL JI Eur. Urol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 35 IS 5-6 BP 399 EP 407 DI 10.1159/000019916 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 198BA UT WOS:000080400800011 PM 10325496 ER PT J AU Coltman, CA Thompson, IM Feigl, P AF Coltman, CA Thompson, IM Feigl, P TI Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) update SO EUROPEAN UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Strategies for the Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer CY OCT 29-31, 1998 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM DE prostate cancer; prevention; finasteride; intergroup clinical trial ID MALE PSEUDOHERMAPHRODITISM; HYPERPLASIA; REDUCTASE AB The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial is an intergroup effort in the USA managed by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) in collaboration with the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) and the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB). This 10-year study began approximately 5 years ago and will achieve its primary endpoint in October 2004. At the start of the study, 18,882 men, aged over 55 years, and with normal digital rectal examination (DRE) and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of less than or equal to 3.0 ng/ml were randomized to take finasteride (5 mg/day) or placebo (1 tablet/day). DRE and PSA have been determined yearly (PSA in a central laboratory). When DRE is abnormal or PSA rises to >4.0 ng/ml, a biopsy is recommended. Because of the effect finasteride has on PSA, the PSA value has been indexed to equalize the number of biopsies in both arms. At 7 years all survivors will undergo a sextant biopsy to determine the period prevalence of prostate cancer. The critical assumptions are: (1) finasteride-induced PSA changes result in a simple downward shift; (2) the assessment of adherence is sensitive enough to detect nonadherence affecting PSA level interpretation: (3) factors affecting biopsy loss will be equal in both arms; (4) finasteride does not affect the sensitivity or specificity of DRE on transrectal ultrasound nor the sensitivity of biopsy; (5) bias resulting from transurethral resection of the prostate in benign prostate hyperplasia cases will be negligible. C1 SW Oncol Grp, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Coltman, CA (reprint author), SW Oncol Grp, 14980 Omicron Dr, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA. NR 10 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-2838 J9 EUR UROL JI Eur. Urol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 35 IS 5-6 BP 544 EP 547 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 198BA UT WOS:000080400800036 PM 10325520 ER PT J AU Mizel, MS Temple, HT Scranton, PE Gellman, RE Hecht, PJ Horton, GA McCluskey, LC McHale, KA AF Mizel, MS Temple, HT Scranton, PE Gellman, RE Hecht, PJ Horton, GA McCluskey, LC McHale, KA TI Role of the peroneal tendons in the production of the deformed foot with posterior tibial tendon deficiency SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID BRIDLE PROCEDURE; LIGAMENT AB Ten patients were identified with traumatic, complete common peroneal nerve palsy, with no previous foot or ankle surgery or trauma distal to the knee, who had undergone anterior transfer of the posterior tibial tendon to the midfoot, Six of these patients had a transfer to the midfoot and four had a Bridle procedure with tenodesis of half of the posterior tibial tendon to the peroneus longus tendon. Average follow-up was 74.9 months (range, 18-351 months). Ali patients' feet were compared assessing residual muscle strength, the longitudinal arch, and motion at the ankle, subtalar, and Chopart's joint. Weightbearing lateral X-rays and Harris mat studies were done on both feet. In no case was any valgus hindfoot deformity associated with posterior tibial tendon rupture found. It seems that the pathologic condition associated with a posterior tibial tendon deficient foot will not manifest itself if peroneus brevis function is absent. C1 Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. Miller Orthopaed Clin, Charlotte, NC USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. Univ Kansas, Kansas City, KS USA. Hughston Clin, Columbus, GA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mizel, MS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Med Ctr, 818 Harrison Ave,Dowling 2 N, Boston, MA 02118 USA. NR 22 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 20 IS 5 BP 285 EP 289 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 197PD UT WOS:000080373000002 PM 10353763 ER PT J AU Marion, GM Farren, RE AF Marion, GM Farren, RE TI Mineral solubilities in the Na-K-Mg-Ca-Cl-SO4-H2O system: A re-evaluation of the sulfate chemistry in the Spencer-Moller-Weare model SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-EQUILIBRIUM MODEL; NATURAL-WATERS; PREDICTION; 25-DEGREES-C; TEMPERATURES; SEAWATER; NA-K-MG-CA-SO4-CL-H2O; THERMODYNAMICS; COEFFICIENTS; BRINES AB The Spencer-Moller-Weare (SMW) (1990) model is parameterized for the Na-K-Mg-Ca-Cl-SO4-H2O system over the temperature range from -60 degrees to 25 degrees C. This model is one of the few complex chemical equilibrium models for aqueous solutions parameterized for subzero temperatures. The primary focus of the SMW model parameterization and validation deals with chloride systems. There are problems with the sulfate parameterization of the SMW model, most notably with sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate. The primary objective of this article is to re-estimate the Fitter-equation parameters governing interactions among sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium with sulfate in the SMW model. A mathematical algorithm is developed to estimate 22 temperature-dependent Fitter-equation parameters. The sodium sulfate reparameterization reduces the overall standard error (SE) from 0.393 with the SMW Fitter-equation parameters to 0.155. Similarly, the magnesium sulfate reparameterization reduces the SE from 0.335 to 0.124. In addition to the sulfate reparameterization, five additional sulfate minerals are included in the model, which allows a more complete treatment of sulfate chemistry in the Na-K-Mg-Ca-Cl-SO4-H2O system. Application of the model to seawater evaporation predicts gypsum precipitation at a seawater concentration factor (SCF) of 3.37 and halite precipitation at an SCF of 10.56, which are in good agreement with previous experimental and theoretical estimates. Application of the model to seawater freezing helps explain the two pathways for seawater freezing. Along the thermodynamically stable "Gitterman pathway," calcium precipitates as gypsum and the seawater eutectic is -36.2 degrees C. Along the metastable "Ringer-Nelson-Thompson pathway," calcium precipitates as antarcticite and the seawater eutectic is -53.8 degrees C. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Lockheed Martin Corp, Moorestown, NJ 08057 USA. RP Marion, GM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 31 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAY PY 1999 VL 63 IS 9 BP 1305 EP 1318 DI 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00102-7 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 218PP UT WOS:000081561200004 ER PT J AU Whitcomb, BP Kost, ER Hines, JF Zahn, CM Hall, KL AF Whitcomb, BP Kost, ER Hines, JF Zahn, CM Hall, KL TI Primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma: A case presenting with an upper abdominal mass and elevated CA-125 SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OVARIAN-TUMORS AB Primary peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma with predominating psammoma bodies, psammocarcinoma, is a very rare tumor with only seven cases documented in the English literature. Pathological classification of this entity was established in 1990 and clinical behavior of this tumor is uncertain. Based on limited data these tumors appear to behave similarly to low malignant potential tumors of the ovary. This case describes a 59-year-old woman who underwent exploratory laparotomy for a large upper abdominal cystic mass. Findings included a large tumor mass involving the gastrocolic omentum and dense small bowel adhesions. The patient had normal ovaries and was debulked to no macroscopic disease. Final pathologic diagnosis confirmed a stage IIIC primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma, The patient has received no adjunctive therapy and is without evidence of disease 2 years after surgery. Primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma is a neoplasm which can mimic serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Ln contrast, primary peritoneal psammocarcinoma appears to behave in an indolent fashion. Primary surgical debulking should be attempted, while the utility of postoperative chemotherapy remains unknown. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol MCHE OG, Div Gynecol Oncol, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kost, ER (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol MCHE OG, Div Gynecol Oncol, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Bldg 3600,3852 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 7 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 73 IS 2 BP 331 EP 334 DI 10.1006/gyno.1998.5309 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 196UB UT WOS:000080325000028 PM 10329057 ER PT J AU Bartolo, RE Saini, SS Ren, T Zhu, Y Dagenais, M Shen, H Pamulapati, J Zhou, W King, O Johnson, FG AF Bartolo, RE Saini, SS Ren, T Zhu, Y Dagenais, M Shen, H Pamulapati, J Zhou, W King, O Johnson, FG TI Polarization-independent waveguide modulators using 1.57-mu m delta-strained InGaAs-InGaAsP quantum wells SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE multiple quantum well; optical modulation; polarization independence; quantum-confined Stark effect ID MASS-DEPENDENT WIDTH; ELECTROABSORPTION MODULATOR; WAVELENGTH AB We fabricated a multiple-quantum-well waveguide modulator incorporating two tensile S-strained layers within a nominally lattice matched well, that act to provide bias-independent Stark shift for both the light and heavy holes. We report results for two waveguide geometries. One is a 2.3-mu m-wide ridge single-mode waveguide that was deep-etched 0.7 mu m below the active region to ensure that the confinement factor for both the TE; and TM modes are nearly equal, The other was a broad-area (slab) multimode waveguide, For both geometries, transmission measurements indicate polarization insensitivity within 3 dB for 2.5 V of reverse bias over the 1.600+/-1.630-mu m wavelength range. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Bartolo, RE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 11 IS 5 BP 554 EP 556 DI 10.1109/68.759396 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 189MY UT WOS:000079910200020 ER PT J AU Braunstein, J Connor, K Salon, S Libelo, L AF Braunstein, J Connor, K Salon, S Libelo, L TI Investigation of microwave heating with time varying material properties SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (IEEE CEFC 98) CY JUN 01-03, 1998 CL TUCSON, ARIZONA SP IEEE DE microwave absorbing materials; numerical methods AB Processing of materials at microwave frequencies is made difficult by physical properties that change significantly with temperature. A microwave heating model with material properties that change slowly with time and temperature has been developed. A frequency domain finite element solution of the electric field is coupled to time domain finite element diffusion equation to study the evolution of temperature profiles. The temperature change is determined from the balance of power dissipation, thermal diffusion, and thermal convection. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Power, Troy, NY 12180 USA. USA, Res Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Braunstein, J (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 35 IS 3 BP 1813 EP 1816 DI 10.1109/20.767384 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 199PM UT WOS:000080490900180 ER PT J AU Harvey, JF AF Harvey, JF TI Mini-special issue on Research Reported at the 1997 Topical Symposium on Millimeter Waves (TSMMW'97) - Guest editor's overview (vol 46, pg 725, 1998) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Correction C1 USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Harvey, JF (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 47 IS 5 BP 663 EP 663 DI 10.1109/TMTT.1999.763179 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 194LH UT WOS:000080194600030 ER PT J AU Johnson, JL Padgett, ML Omidvar, O AF Johnson, JL Padgett, ML Omidvar, O TI Overview of pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) special issue SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Editorial Material DE pulse coupled neural networks AB Pulse coupled neural networks (PCNN's) have proven to be highly effective when used in a diverse set of applications. The theory is based on biological studies of pulse synchronization. The editors present this special issue in response to numerous requests from colleagues for more information on PCNN's. C1 USA, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA. RP Johnson, JL (reprint author), USA, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 0 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1045-9227 J9 IEEE T NEURAL NETWOR JI IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 10 IS 3 BP 461 EP 463 DI 10.1109/TNN.1999.761704 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 193EJ UT WOS:000080122700001 ER PT J AU Johnson, JL Padgett, ML AF Johnson, JL Padgett, ML TI PCNN models and applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE dendritic model; PCNN factoring; pulse coupled neural networks ID COUPLED NEURAL NETWORKS; SEGMENTATION; COMPUTATION; INVARIANCE; DYNAMICS AB The pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) models are described. The linking field modulation term is shown to be a universal feature of any biologically grounded dendritic model. Applications and implementations of PCNN's are reviewed. Application based variations and simplifications are summarized. The PCNN image decomposition (factoring) model is described in new detail. C1 USA, MICOM, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Johnson, JL (reprint author), USA, MICOM, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 51 TC 273 Z9 420 U1 2 U2 33 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1045-9227 J9 IEEE T NEURAL NETWOR JI IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 10 IS 3 BP 480 EP 498 DI 10.1109/72.761706 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 193EJ UT WOS:000080122700003 PM 18252547 ER PT J AU Weng, CF Zhao, W Fegeding, KV Komisar, JL Tseng, J AF Weng, CF Zhao, W Fegeding, KV Komisar, JL Tseng, J TI Resistance of staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced proliferation and apoptosis to the effects of dexamethasone in mouse lymphocyte cultures SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cytokines; glucocorticoids; lymphocyte proliferation; superantigens; T cells ID GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; PERIPHERAL T-CELLS; CLONAL DELETION; ACTIVATION PATHWAY; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; IN-VIVO; DEATH; SUPERANTIGENS; INVIVO; ANERGY AB Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a superantigen causing lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis, Glucocorticoids are immunosuppressants and are released immediately following SEE intoxication in mice. Whether glucocorticoids affect lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis in SEE-intoxicated mice is still unknown. To study this question, we examined the effects of dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid, on SEE-stimulated lymphocyte cultures from mouse thymus and peripheral lymphoid tissues (PLT), SEE, as well as concanavalin A (Con A), induced lymphocyte proliferation which peaked on day 4 and declined significantly on day 7, As expected, in Con A-stimulated cultures, DEX completely suppressed the proliferation of lymphocytes from both the thymus and PLT. However, in SEE-stimulated cultures, while DEX completely suppressed thymocyte proliferation, it did not suppress PLT cell proliferation even at a high concentration of 10(-7) M, The proliferating cells were V(beta)8(+) T cells of both the CD4(+) and CD8(+) subsets. DEX caused apoptosis, SEE also caused apoptosis, which was manifested by a maximal DNA subdiploidy on day 4 and by a maximal DNA fragmentation on day 7, Both events appeared not to be affected by DEX, The failure of DEX to affect the proliferation and apoptosis was consistent with high levels of cytokines (IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IFN-gamma) produced in the SEB-stimulated cultures, suggesting that the cytokines act in concert to circumvent the effects of DEX. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tseng, J (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 11 IS 5 BP 787 EP 801 DI 10.1093/intimm/11.5.787 PG 15 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 201ZV UT WOS:000080628400017 PM 10330284 ER PT J AU Beidleman, BA Rock, PB Muza, SR Fulco, CS Forte, VA Cymerman, A AF Beidleman, BA Rock, PB Muza, SR Fulco, CS Forte, VA Cymerman, A TI Exercise VE and physical performance at altitude are not affected by menstrual cycle phase SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypobaric hypoxia; ovarian hormones; submaximal exercise; peak oxygen uptake; ventilatory control ID BLOOD LACTATE RESPONSES; VENTILATORY RESPONSE; FEMALE HORMONES; PROGESTERONE; WOMEN; PREGNANCY; DISTANCE; RUNNERS; DRIVES AB We hypothesized that progesterone-mediated ventilatory stimulation during the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle would increase exercise minute ventilation ((V)over dot E; 1min) at sea level (SL) and with acute altitude (AA) exposure but would only increase arterial O-2 saturation (Sa(O2), %) with AA exposure. We further hypothesized that an increased exercise Sa(O2) with AA exposure would enhance O-2 transport and improve both peak O-2 uptake ((V)over dot(O2peak); ml kg-l min-l) and submaximal exercise time to exhaustion (Exh; min) in the midluteal phase. Eight female lowlanders [33 +/- 3 (mean +/- SD) yr, 58 +/- 6 kg] completed a (V)over dot(O2peak) and Exh test at 70% of their altitude-specific (V)over dot(O2peak) at SL and with AA exposure to 4,300 m in a hypobaric chamber (446 mmHg) in their early follicular and midluteal phases. Progesterone levels increased (P < 0.05) similar to 20-fold from the early follicular to midluteal phase at SL and AA. Peak (V)over dotE (101 +/- 17) and submaximal (V)over dotE (55 +/- 9) were not affected by cycle phase or altitude. Submaximal Sa(O2) did not differ between cycle phases at SL, but it was 3% higher during the midluteal phase with AA exposure. Neither (V)over dot(O2peak) nor Exh time was affected by cycle phase at SL or AA. We conclude that, despite significantly increased progesterone levels in the midluteal phase, exercise (V)over dotE is not increased at SL or AA. Moreover, neither maximal nor submaximal exercise performance is affected by menstrual cycle phase at SL or AA. C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Beidleman, BA (reprint author), USA, Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 52 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 86 IS 5 BP 1519 EP 1526 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 195FV UT WOS:000080240700011 PM 10233113 ER PT J AU Baskin, SI Porter, DW Rockwood, GA Romano, JA Patel, HC Kiser, RC Cook, CM Ternay, AL AF Baskin, SI Porter, DW Rockwood, GA Romano, JA Patel, HC Kiser, RC Cook, CM Ternay, AL TI In vitro and in vivo comparison of sulfur donors as antidotes to acute cyanide intoxication SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur donors; cyanide; rhodanese; mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase; antidotes ID DETOXIFICATION; THIOSULFATE; PROTECTION; ANTAGONISM; NITRITE; MICE AB Antidotes for cyanide (CN) intoxication include the use of sulfane sulfur donors (SSDs), such as thiosulfate, which increase the conversion of CN to thiocyanate by the enzyme rhodanese, To develop pretreatments that might be useful against CN, SSDs with greater lipophilicity than thiosulfate were synthesized and assessed. The ability of SSDs to protect mice against 2LD(50) of sodium cyanide (NaCN) administered either 15 or 60 min following administration of an SSD was assessed. To study the mechanism of action of the SSD, the candidate compounds were examined in vitro for their effect on rhodanese and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST) activity under increasing SSD concentrations. Tests were conducted on nine candidate SSDs: ICD1021 (3-hydroxypyridin-2-yl N-[(N-methyl-3-aminopropyl)]-2-aminoethyl disulfide dihydrochloride), ICD1022, (3-hydroxypyridin-2-yl N-[(N-methyl-3-aminopropyl)]-2-aminoethyl disulfide trihydrochloride), ICD1584 (diethyl tetrasulfide), ICD1585 (diallyl tetrasulfide), ICD1587 (diisopropyl tetrasulfide); ICD1738 (N-(3-aminopropyl)-2-aminoethyl 2-oxopropyl disulfide dihydrochloride), ICD1816 (3,3' -tetrathiobis-N-acctyl-L-alanine), ICD2214 (2-aminoethyl 4-methoxyphenyl disulfide hydrochloride) and ICD2467 (bis(4-methoxyphenyl) disulfide), These tests demonstrated that altering the chemical substituent of the longer chain sulfide modified the ability of the candidate SSD to protect against CN toxicity. At least two of the SSDs at selected doses provided 100% protection against 2LD(50) of NaCN, normally an LD99. All compounds were evaluated using locomotor activity as a measure of potential adverse behavioral effects. Positive hypoactivity relationships were found with several disulfides but none was found with ICD1584, a tetrasulfide, Separate studies suggest that the chemical reaction of potassium cyanide (KCN) and cystine forms the toxic metabolite 2-iminothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid. An alternative detoxification pathway, one not primarily involving the sulfur transferases. may be important in pretreatment for CN intoxication. Although studies to elucidate the precise mechanisms are needed. it is clear that these newly synthesized compounds provide a new rationale for anti-CN drugs, with fewer side-effects than the methemoglobin formers, Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Div Pharmacol, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. USA, Drug Assessment Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. Univ Texas, Ctr Med Chem Res, Dept Chem & Biochem, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. RP Baskin, SI (reprint author), 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 47 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 19 IS 3 BP 173 EP 183 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199905/06)19:3<173::AID-JAT556>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 198XQ UT WOS:000080450000006 PM 10362268 ER PT J AU Galezewski, A Wilusz, E AF Galezewski, A Wilusz, E TI Properties of closed-cell butyl and nitrile materials SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PLASTICS LA English DT Article AB Closed-cell materials were prepared from two types of thermosetting elastomers, carboxyacrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (nitrile) and isobutylene-isoprene copolymer (butyl), containing carbon black reinforcing filler. A chemical blowing agent, p,p'-oxybis(benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide), which decomposes rapidly between 153 degrees and 160 degrees C with a release of nitrogen, and a low-pressure compression molding process were used in the fabrication. The resulting cellular materials had densities between 0.66 and 0.84 g/cc. The curing characteristics of the formulations were studied with an oscillating disk rheometer. Viscoelastic properties were gathered with a dynamic mechanical analyzer over a -90 degrees to 80 degrees C temperature interval. Other properties, such as an abrasion resistance and compression set, were also determined. The data indicate that the cellular nitrile materials should excel in applications where wear-resistance is needed and butyl materials in applications where good flexibility and energy dissipation at low temperatures are desired. C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Army Soldier Syst Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Galezewski, A (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Army Soldier Syst Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TECHNOMIC PUBL CO INC PI LANCASTER PA 851 NEW HOLLAND AVE, BOX 3535, LANCASTER, PA 17604 USA SN 0021-955X J9 J CELL PLAST JI J. Cell. Plast. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 35 IS 3 BP 210 EP + PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 196ZU UT WOS:000080340800002 ER PT J AU Costanza, ME Weiss, RB Henderson, IC Norton, L Berry, DA Cirrincione, C Winer, E Wood, WC Frei, E McIntyre, OR Schilsky, RL AF Costanza, ME Weiss, RB Henderson, IC Norton, L Berry, DA Cirrincione, C Winer, E Wood, WC Frei, E McIntyre, OR Schilsky, RL CA Canc Leukemia Grp B TI Safety and efficacy of using a single agent or a phase II agent before instituting standard combination chemotherapy in previously untreated metastatic breast cancer patients: Report of a randomized study - Cancer and leukemia group B 8642 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACETYLATOR PHENOTYPE; AMONAFIDE; TRIMETREXATE; THERAPY; TRIAL; DRUG; CARBOPLATIN; PHARMACOKINETICS; INFUSION; ACID AB Purpose: We undertook a prospective, randomized phase III trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using a phase II agent before initiating therapy with standard combination chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer patients. Patients and Methods: A total of 365 women with measurable metastatic breast cancer, previously untreated with chemotherapy for their metastatic disease, were randomized to receive either immediate chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil (CAF) or up to four cycles of one of five sequential cohorts of single-agent drugs: trimetrexate, melphalan, amonafide, carboplatin, or elsamitrucin, followed by CAF, Results: The toxicity of each single agent followed by CAF was comparable to that of CAF alone. The cumulative response rates for the single agent followed by CAF were not statistically different from those of CAF alone (44% v 52%; P = 24) However. in the multivariate analysis, patients with visceral disease had a trend toward lower response rates on the phase II agent plus CAF arm (P =.078). Although survival and response duration also were not statistically significantly different between the two study arms (P =.074 and P =.069, respectively), there was a suggestion of benefit for the CAF-only arm. Conclusion: The brief use of a phase II agent, regardless of its efficacy, followed by CAF resulted in response rates, toxicities, durations of response, and survival statistically equivalent to those seen with the use of CAF alone. These findings support the use of a new paradigm for the evaluation of phase II agents in the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 17:1397-1406. (C) 1999 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Med, Worcester, MA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. Dartmouth Med Sch, Norris Cotton Canc Ctr, Lebanon, NH USA. Canc & Leukemia Grp B, Chicago, IL USA. RP Costanza, ME (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA60138, CA26506, CA37135] NR 51 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 17 IS 5 BP 1397 EP 1406 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 195TH UT WOS:000080267900011 PM 10334524 ER PT J AU Dawson, NA AF Dawson, NA TI Prostate-specific antigen doubling time: A potential surrogate end point in hormone-refractory prostate cancer - Reply SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dawson, NA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 17 IS 5 BP 1646 EP 1646 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 195TH UT WOS:000080267900047 ER PT J AU Yeckel, A Doty, FP Derby, JJ AF Yeckel, A Doty, FP Derby, JJ TI Effect of steady crucible rotation on segregation in high-pressure vertical Bridgman growth of cadmium zinc telluride SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE crucible rotation; Bridgman growth; cadmium zinc telluride; Rossby and Taylor numbers ID CRYSTAL-GROWTH; DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION; CDXHG1-XTE CRYSTALS; MASSIVELY-PARALLEL; SHELF GROWTH; CONVECTION; CDTE; ACRT; COMPUTATIONS; SIMULATION AB Three-dimensional axisymmetric, time-dependent simulations of the high-pressure vertical Bridgman growth of large-diameter cadmium zinc telluride are performed to study the effect of steady crucible rotation on axial and radial segregation in the grown crystal. The model includes details of heat transfer, melt convection, solid-liquid interface shape, and pseudo-binary zinc segregation. Imposing a moderate rotation rate of 10 rpm on the system slightly improves axial segregation but makes radial segregation much worse. Moreover, values of dimensionless thermal Rossby and Taylor numbers calculated for this system indicate that the baroclinic instability may occur at the rotation rates studied. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. DIGIRAD, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Derby, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Army HPC Res Ctr, 421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 67 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD MAY PY 1999 VL 203 IS 1-2 BP 87 EP 102 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(99)00065-2 PG 16 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 197MA UT WOS:000080367500013 ER PT J AU Dhar, NK Zanatta, JP Ferret, P Million, A AF Dhar, NK Zanatta, JP Ferret, P Million, A TI Characteristics of HgCdTe CdTe hetero-epitaxial system and mid-wave diodes on 2 inch silicon SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE-X) CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 1998 CL CANNES, FRANCE DE silicon substrates; moleculer beam epitaxy; photodiodes ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; HETEROEPITAXY; ARRAYS AB Two-inch(1 1 2) Si wafers were used to grow HgCdTe/CdTe structures by molecular beam epitaxy. Etch-pit density on CdTe layers in the thickness range 7-8 mu m were typically in the range 3-20 x 10(5) cm(-2). Samples with lower EPD values exhibited very smooth and uniform surface morphology over the entire 2-in wafer. EPD values of HgCdTe layers with a typical thickness of 7 mu m were in the 10(6) cm(-2) range. A 2-in Si wafer consisting of HgCdTe/CdTe structure was processed to fabricate n-on-p mid-wave infrared 34-element linear diode arrays. Photodiodes tested were found to have good electrical characteristics. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. CEA Grenoble, DOPT, LETI, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France. RP Dhar, NK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD MAY PY 1999 VL 201 BP 975 EP 979 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(98)01503-6 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 198DB UT WOS:000080406000213 ER PT J AU Tucker, JE Contreras, M Wider, RJ Radvany, MG Chacko, AK Shah, RB AF Tucker, JE Contreras, M Wider, RJ Radvany, MG Chacko, AK Shah, RB TI Photostimulable storage phosphor image acquisition: Evaluation of three commercially available state-of-the-art systems SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Symposium for Computer Applications in Radiology on PACS - Performance Improvement in Radiology (SCAR 99), at the Annual Meeting of SCAR CY MAY 06-09, 1999 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol AB Photostimulable storage phosphor (PSP) image acquisition systems have been available for several years. The technology has had the opportunity to mature; however, there has not been an independent comparison of recently marketed commercial systems. For this study, three computed radiography (CR) systems using PSP technology (Kodak CR System 400 with autoloader [Eastman Kodak, Rochester, NY], Fuji FCR AC-BCS [Fuji Medical Systems, Stamford, CT], and Agfa ADC Compact [Bayer Corp, Ridgefield Park, NJ]) were connected to an IBM RadWorks diagnostic radiology workstation (IBM Corp, White Plains, NY) and evaluated for conformance to their performance specifications using guidance provided in the most recent draft acceptance testing protocol from Task Group No. 10, American Association of Physicists in Medicine. In addition, the physical requirements leg, space and power) and connectivity to another manufacturer's diagnostic workstation were examined. X-ray technologist comfort with each PSP imaging system and an assessment by our supporting biomedical equipment maintenance activity of their ability to service each PSP imaging system were also considered. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on ifs use. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tucker, JE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 SU 1 BP 54 EP 58 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197GB UT WOS:000080356100015 PM 10342166 ER PT J AU Radvany, MG Chacko, AK Richardson, RR Grazdan, GW AF Radvany, MG Chacko, AK Richardson, RR Grazdan, GW TI Technology assessment and requirements analysis: A process to facilitate decision making in picture archiving and communications system implementation SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Symposium for Computer Applications in Radiology on PACS - Performance Improvement in Radiology (SCAR 99), at the Annual Meeting of SCAR CY MAY 06-09, 1999 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol AB In a time of decreasing resources, managers need a tool to manage their resources effectively, support clinical requirements, and replace aging equipment in order to ensure adequate clinical care. To do this successfully, one must be able to perform technology assessment and capital equipment asset management. The lack of a commercial system that adequately performed technology needs assessment and addressed the unique needs of the military led to the development of an in-house Technology Assessment and Requirements Analysis (TARA) program. The TARA is a tool that provides an unbiased review of clinical operations and the resulting capital equipment requirements for military hospitals. The TARA report allows for the development of acquisition strategies for new equipment, enhances personnel management, and improves and streamlines clinical operations and processes. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 USA, Med Mat Agcy, Technol Support Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Grazdan, GW (reprint author), USA, Med Mat Agcy, Technol Support Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 SU 1 BP 62 EP 63 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197GB UT WOS:000080356100017 PM 10342168 ER PT J AU Cawthon, MA AF Cawthon, MA TI Parlaying digital imaging and communications in medicine and open architecture to our advantage: The new Department of Defense picture archiving and communications system SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Symposium for Computer Applications in Radiology on PACS - Performance Improvement in Radiology (SCAR 99), at the Annual Meeting of SCAR CY MAY 06-09, 1999 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol AB The Department of Defense (DoD) undertook a major systems specification, acquisition, and implementation project of multivendor picture archiving and communications system (PACS) and teleradiology systems during 1997 with deployment of the first systems in 1998. These systems differ from their DoD predecessor system in being multivendor in origin, specifying adherence to the developing Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) 3.0 standard and all of its service classes, emphasizing open architecture, using personal computer (PC) and web-based image viewing access, having radiologic telepresence over large geographic areas as a primary focus of implementation, and requiring bidirectional interfacing with the DoD hospital information system (HIS). The benefits and advantages to the military healthcare system accrue through the enabling of a seamless implementation of a virtual radiology operational environment throughout this vast healthcare organization providing efficient general and subspecialty radiologic interpretive and consultative services for our medical beneficiaries to any healthcare provider, anywhere and at any time of the night or day. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Cawthon, MA (reprint author), 121 Gen Hosp, Unit 15244, Box 749, APO, AP 96205 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 SU 1 BP 64 EP 66 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197GB UT WOS:000080356100018 PM 10342169 ER PT J AU Chacko, A Cook, J Contreras, M Lollar, B Radvany, M Shah, R Cawthon, M Timbloe, HL AF Chacko, A Cook, J Contreras, M Lollar, B Radvany, M Shah, R Cawthon, M Timbloe, HL TI The philosophy of change and adaptation of radiology to the information age SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Symposium for Computer Applications in Radiology on PACS - Performance Improvement in Radiology (SCAR 99), at the Annual Meeting of SCAR CY MAY 06-09, 1999 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Chacko, A (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 SU 1 BP 67 EP 70 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197GB UT WOS:000080356100019 PM 10342170 ER PT J AU Richardson, NE Thomas, JA Lyche, DK Romlein, J Norton, GS Dolecek, QE AF Richardson, NE Thomas, JA Lyche, DK Romlein, J Norton, GS Dolecek, QE TI The philosophy of benchmark testing a standards-based picture archiving and communications system SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE DIN-PACS; DICOM; benchmark testing; teleradiology; digital imaging; image management AB The Department of Defense issued its requirements for a Digital Imaging Network-Picture Archiving and Communications System (DIN-PACS) in a Request for Proposals (RFP) to industry in January 1997, with subsequent contracts being awarded in November 1997 to the Agfa Division of Bayer and IBM Global Government Industry, The Government's technical evaluation process consisted of evaluating a written technical proposal as well as conducting a benchmark test of each proposed system at the vendor's test facility. The purpose of benchmark testing was to evaluate the performance of the fully integrated system in a simulated operational environment. The benchmark test procedures and test equipment were developed through a joint effort between the Government, academic institutions, and private consultants. Herein the authors discuss the resources required and the methods used to benchmark test a standards-based PACS. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 USA, Med Mat Agcy, Def Supply Ctr Philadelphia Liason Off, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Informatech Inc, Frederick, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. RP Richardson, NE (reprint author), USA, Med Mat Agcy, Def Supply Ctr Philadelphia Liason Off, 1423 Sultan Dr,Suite 100, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 87 EP 93 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 196ER UT WOS:000080296500006 PM 10342251 ER PT J AU Shelton, PD Lyche, DK Norton, GS Romlein, J Lawrence, DP Cawthon, MA Thomas, JA Richardson, N AF Shelton, PD Lyche, DK Norton, GS Romlein, J Lawrence, DP Cawthon, MA Thomas, JA Richardson, N TI Benchmark testing the Digital Imaging Network-Picture Archiving and Communications System proposal of the Department of Defense SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE PACS; DICOM; benchmark testing; RIS; health level 7 AB The Department of Defense issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) for its next generation Picture Archiving and Communications System in January of 1997. The RFP was titled Digital Imaging Network-Picture Archiving and Communications System (DIN-PACS). Benchmark testing of the proposed vendors' systems occurred during the summer of 1997. This article highlights the methods for test material and test system organization, the major areas tested, and conduct of actual testing. Department of Defense and contract personnel wrote test procedures for benchmark testing based on the important features of the DIN-PACS Request for Proposal. Identical testing was performed with each vendor's system. The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard images used for the Benchmark Testing included all modalities. The images were verified as being DICOM standard compliant by the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Electronic Radiology Laboratory. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory prepared the Unix-based server for the DICOM images and operated it during testing. The server was loaded with the images and shipped to each vendor's facility for on-site testing. The Defense Supply Center, Philadelphia (DSCP), the Department of Defense agency managing the DIN-PACS contract, provided representatives at each vendor site to ensure all tests were performed equitably and without bias. Each vendor's system was evaluated in the following nine major areas: DICOM Compliance; System Storage and Archive of Images; Network Performance; Workstation Performance; Radiology Information System Performance; Composite Health Care System/Health Level 7 communications standard Interface Performance; Teleradiology Performance; Quality Control; and Failover Functionality. These major sections were subdivided into workable test procedures and were then scored. A combined score for each section was compiled from this data. The names of the involved vendors and the scoring for each is contract sensitive and therefore can not be discussed. All of the vendors that underwent the benchmark testing did well. There was no one vendor that was markedly superior or inferior. There was a typical bell shaped curve of abilities. Each vendor had their own strong points and weaknesses. A standardized benchmark protocol and testing system for PACS architectures would be of great value to all agencies planning to purchase a PACS. This added information would assure the purchased system meets the needed functional requirements as outlined by the purchasers PACS Request for Proposal. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Joint Imaging Technol Project Off, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Informatech Inc, Philadelphia, PA USA. Def Supply Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Shelton, PD (reprint author), Joint Imaging Technol Project Off, Bldg 1056, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 94 EP 98 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 196ER UT WOS:000080296500007 PM 10342252 ER PT J AU Lewis, TE Horton, MC Kinsey, TV Shelton, PD AF Lewis, TE Horton, MC Kinsey, TV Shelton, PD TI Acceptance testing of integrated picture archiving and communications systems SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Symposium for Computer Applications in Radiology on PACS - Performance Improvement in Radiology (SCAR 99), at the Annual Meeting of SCAR CY MAY 06-09, 1999 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol AB An integrated picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is a large investment in both money and resources. With all of the components and systems contained in the PACS, a methodical set of protocols and procedures must be developed to test all aspects of the PACS within the short time allocated for contract compliance, For the Department of Defense (DoD), acceptance testing (AT) sets the protocols and procedures. Broken down into modules and test procedures that group like components and systems, the AT protocol maximizes the efficiency and thoroughness of testing all aspects of an integrated PACS. A standardized and methodical protocol reduces the probability of functionality or performance limitations being overlooked. The AT protocol allows complete PACS testing within the 30 days allocated by the digital imaging network (DIN)-PACS contract. AT shortcomings identified during the testing phase properly allows for resolution before complete acceptance of the system. This presentation will describe the evolution of the process, the components of the DoD AT protocol, the benefits of the AT process, and its significance to the successful implementation of PACS. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 USA, Joint Imaging Technol Project Off, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Lewis, TE (reprint author), USA, Joint Imaging Technol Project Off, CW3,1056 Patchel Rd, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 SU 1 BP 163 EP 165 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197GB UT WOS:000080356100049 PM 10342200 ER PT J AU Martinez, R Rozenblit, J Cook, JF Chacko, AK Timboe, HL AF Martinez, R Rozenblit, J Cook, JF Chacko, AK Timboe, HL TI Virtual management of radiology examinations in the virtual radiology environment using common object request broker architecture services SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Symposium for Computer Applications in Radiology on PACS - Performance Improvement in Radiology (SCAR 99), at the Annual Meeting of SCAR CY MAY 06-09, 1999 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol AB In the Department of Defense (DoD), US Army Medical Command is now embarking on an extremely exciting new project-creating a virtual radiology environment (VRE) for the management of radiology examinations. The business of radiology in the military is therefore being reengineered on several fronts by the VRE Project. In the VRE Project, a set of intelligent agent algorithms determine where examinations are to routed for reading bases on a knowledge base of the entire VRE. The set of algorithms, called the Meta-Manager is hierarchical and uses object-based communications between medical treatment facilities (MTFs) and medical centers that have digital imaging network picture archiving and communications systems (DIN-PACS) networks. The communications is based on use of common object request broker architecture (CORBA) objects and services to send patient demographics and examination images from DIN-PACS networks in the MTFs to the DIN-PACS networks at the medical centers for diagnosis. The Meta-Manager is also responsible for updating the diagnosis at the originating MTF. CORBA services are used to perform secure message communications between DIN-PACS nodes in the VRE network. The Meta-Manager has a fail-safe architecture that allows the master Meta-Manager function to float to regional Meta-Manager sites in case of server failure. A prototype of the CORBA-based Meta-Manager is being developed by the University of Arizona's Computer Engineering Research Laboratory using the unified modeling language (UML) as a design tool. The prototype will implement the main functions described in the Meta-Manager design specification. The results of this project are expected to reengineer the process of radiology in the military and have extensions to commercial radiology environments. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Martinez, R (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1230 E Speedway, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 SU 1 BP 181 EP 185 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197GB UT WOS:000080356100054 PM 10342205 ER PT J AU Cook, JF Rozenblit, JW Chacko, AK Martinez, R Timboe, HL AF Cook, JF Rozenblit, JW Chacko, AK Martinez, R Timboe, HL TI Meta-manager: A requirements analysis SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Symposium for Computer Applications in Radiology on PACS - Performance Improvement in Radiology (SCAR 99), at the Annual Meeting of SCAR CY MAY 06-09, 1999 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Soc Comp Applicat Radiol AB The digital imaging network-picture archiving and communications system (DIN-PACS) will be implemented in ten sites within the Great Plains Regional Medical Command (GPRMC). This network of PACS and teleradiology technology over a shared T1 network has opened the door for round the clock radiology coverage of all sites. However, the concept of a virtual radiology environment poses new issues for military medicine. A new workflow management system must be developed. This workflow management system will allow us to efficiently resolve these issues including quality of care, availability, severe capitation, and quality of the workforce. The design process of this management system must employ existing technology, operate over various telecommunication networks and protocols, be independent of platform operating systems, be flexible and scaleable, and involve the end user at the outset in the design process for which it is developed. Using the unified modeling language (UML), the specifications for this new business management system were created in concert between the University of Arizona and the GPRMC, These specifications detail a management system operating through a common object request brokered architecture (CORBA) environment. In this presentation, we characterize the Meta-Manager management system including aspects of intelligence, interfacility routing, fail-safe operations, and expected improvements in patient care and efficiency. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Cook, JF (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1230 E Speedway, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD MAY PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 SU 1 BP 186 EP 188 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 197GB UT WOS:000080356100055 PM 10342206 ER PT J AU Qiu, YQ Zappi, ME Huo, CH Fleming, EC AF Qiu, YQ Zappi, ME Huo, CH Fleming, EC TI Kinetic and mechanistic study of ozonation of three dichlorophenols in aqueous solutions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID PHASE OZONATION; OZONE; CHLOROPHENOLS; PREOZONATION; TOXICITY; CRESOL AB This research investigates the kinetic parameters associated with the ozonation of 2,3-, 2,4-, and 2,5-dichlorophenols (DCPs) in aqueous solutions at 25 degrees C. The overall ozonation kinetics of each DCP was found to be first order with respect to each reactant concentration (i.e., DCP and ozone). Among the three isomers studied, the ozonation of 2,5-DCP was the fastest with the overall rate constant varying from 68,500 to 7,750,000 M-1 s(-1) within a pH range of 2.1 to 5.0. The overall rate constant increased with pH because of the increase in the degree of dissociation of the DCP molecules to dichlorophenoxide ions. The electrophilic addition of ozone at the ortho and para positions of the molecular and ionic forms of the DCPs was postulated to be the likely mechanism for the degradation of the DCPs to chlorobenzenediols, monochlorophenols, chlorocyclohexadienediones, ethylacetate, heptanone, carboxylic acids, and other by-products that were detected using gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry analysis. C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Envir Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Zappi, ME (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 1999 VL 125 IS 5 BP 441 EP 450 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1999)125:5(441) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 188RE UT WOS:000079861600007 ER PT J AU Rollings, RS Burkes, JP Rollings, MP AF Rollings, RS Burkes, JP Rollings, MP TI Sulfate attack on cement-stabilized sand SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A 3.5-km (2.2 mi) section of a road in Georgia developed unexpected transverse bumps within 6 months after construction. The source of the bumps appeared to be expansion within the cement-stabilized base course. Laboratory examination of samples from areas showing distress revealed the presence of ettringite, a calcium sulfoaluminate the formation of which can be accompanied by severe expansion. This expansive material was the probable cause of the volume changes causing the transverse bumps. The calcium and alumina needed to form ettringite were available from the portland cement and the stabilized soil's clay minerals. The source of the sulfur was identified as the well water that was mixed with the cement-stabilized base. Sulfate attack of cement-stabilized soils is a relatively infrequent problem, but it is highly destructive when it occurs. Currently, there are no firm criteria for identifying when sulfate attack of a cement-stabilized soil is a potential problem nor are there established methods of preventing the attack. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Rollings, RS (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 22 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 125 IS 5 BP 364 EP 372 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1999)125:5(364) PG 9 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 188QD UT WOS:000079858900004 ER PT J AU Mathew, A Kurane, I Green, S Vaughn, DW Kalayanarooj, S Suntayakorn, S Ennis, FA Rothman, AL AF Mathew, A Kurane, I Green, S Vaughn, DW Kalayanarooj, S Suntayakorn, S Ennis, FA Rothman, AL TI Impaired T cell proliferation in acute dengue infection SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEASLES-VIRUS INFECTION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; LYMPHOCYTES-T; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; DEATH; MONONUCLEOSIS; MECHANISMS; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION AB Decreased proliferative responses to mitogens and recall Ags have been observed in PBMC obtained during several acute humanviral infections. To determine whether cell mediated responses are altered during acute dengue infection, we examined the proliferative responses of PBMC from children enrolled in a prospective study of dengue infections in Thailand. All responses of PBMC during acute illness were compared with the same patients' PBMC obtained at least 6 mo after their infection. Proliferative responses to PHA, anti-CD3, tetanus toroid, and dengue Ags were decreased significantly in PBMC obtained during the acute infection. The proliferative responses to PDA were restored by the addition of gamma-irradiated autologous convalescent or allogeneic PBMC. Cell contact with the irradiated PBMC was necessary to restore proliferation. Non-T cells from the acute PBMC of dengue patients did not support proliferation of T cells from control donors in response to PHA, but T cells from the PBMC of patients with acute dengue proliferated if accessory cells from a control donor were present. Addition of anti-CD28 Abs restored anti-CD3-induced proliferation of the PBMC of some patients. The percentage of monocytes was reduced in the acute sample of PBMC of the dengue patients. Addition of IL-2 or IL-7, but not IL-3 or IL-12, also restored proliferation of acute PBMC stimulated with anti-CD3, The results demonstrate that both quantitative and qualitative defects in the accessory cell population during acute dengue illness result in a depression of in vitro T cell proliferation. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Natl Inst Infect Dis, Dept Virol 1, Toyama, Japan. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. Kamphaeng Phet Prov Hosp, Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand. RP Rothman, AL (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [P0I-AI34533] NR 37 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 1999 VL 162 IS 9 BP 5609 EP 5615 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 189EZ UT WOS:000079892600078 PM 10228044 ER PT J AU Cama, RI Parashar, UD Taylor, DN Hickey, T Figueroa, D Ortega, YR Romero, S Perez, J Sterling, CR Gentsch, JR Gilman, RH Glass, RI AF Cama, RI Parashar, UD Taylor, DN Hickey, T Figueroa, D Ortega, YR Romero, S Perez, J Sterling, CR Gentsch, JR Gilman, RH Glass, RI TI Enteropathogens and other factors associated with severe disease in children with acute watery diarrhea in Lima, Peru SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy CY SEP 24-28, 1998 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA ID RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; HUMAN ROTAVIRUS; FATAL DIARRHEA; DEHYDRATION; BANGLADESH; INFANTS; ASTROVIRUS; PROTECTION; ANTIBODIES AB To evaluate enteropathogens and other factors associated with severe disease in children with diarrhea, 381 children <5 years of age with diarrhea and moderate to severe dehydration (in-patients) and 381 age-, sex-, and date-of-visit-matched children with mild diarrhea (outpatients) presenting to a hospital in Peru, were studied. Rotavirus was detected in 52% of the in-patients and 35% of the out-patients (odds ratio [OR] = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.6-3.2); 95% of the rotaviruses among in-patients were of serotypes G1-G4. The risk of severe diarrhea was particularly great in children who were not exclusively breast-fed in early infancy and who also lacked piped water in their homes (for children with both characteristics OR = 6.8, 95% CI = 3.6-12.8). The high prevalence of rotavirus and its association with severe diarrhea underscores the need for rotavirus vaccines. Interventions to educate mothers and improve access to safe water should augment the impact of rotavirus vaccines in preventing severe diarrhea. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. AB Prisma, Naval Med Res Inst Detachment, Lima, Peru. Childrens Hlth Inst, Lima, Peru. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Arizona, Dept Vet Sci & Microbiol, Tucson, AZ USA. Johns Hopkins Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Parashar, UD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, Mailstop G-04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 42 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 179 IS 5 BP 1139 EP 1144 DI 10.1086/314701 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 189TQ UT WOS:000079922600012 PM 10191215 ER PT J AU Farr, JV AF Farr, JV TI An opportunity for change SO JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Farr, JV (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0742-597X J9 J MANAGE ENG JI J. Manage. Eng. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 15 IS 3 BP 3 EP 3 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(1999)15:3(3) PG 1 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 189GB UT WOS:000079895300001 ER PT J AU Pittman, DW Ramey, GE Webster, G Carden, A AF Pittman, DW Ramey, GE Webster, G Carden, A TI Laboratory evaluation of concrete mixture designs employing type I and type K cement SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB This article focuses on a laboratory materials-testing program that was aimed at: (1) identifying candidate shrinkage-compensating concrete (SCC) mixture designs for possible later field evaluations; and (2) performing mechanical property evaluations of the candidate mixtures under various simulated weather and curing conditions. The SCC mixtures were produced by using a Type K portland cement. Results of the laboratory concrete mixture design, property evaluation, and sensitivity testing verified that SCC mixtures should be viable mixtures for bridge decks to reduce shrinkage cracking. The testing revealed that: (1) time-of-set of SCC was faster than for ordinary portland cement concrete by about 100 min, as was the rate of slump loss; (2) the compressive and splitting tensile strengths of the SCC mixtures were higher than those of conventional concrete mixtures using Type I portland cement; (3) the compressive strengths of concrete mixtures with both the Type K and Type I cements were enhanced by the addition of silica fume; (4) the SCC concrete restrained length bar specimens exhibited significant early (first 7 days) expansion; (5) type K cement restrained mortar bars exhibited similar to 4 times more expansion than mortar bars made with Type I cement; and (6) type K cement mixtures are quite sensitive to proper moist curing if they are to achieve proper shrinkage compensation. C1 USA Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Airfields & Pavements Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Danis Environm Ind Inc, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 USA. Lane Bishop York Delahay Inc, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. RP Pittman, DW (reprint author), USA Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Airfields & Pavements Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0899-1561 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 11 IS 2 BP 144 EP 150 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1999)11:2(144) PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 190GH UT WOS:000079954100009 ER PT J AU Wilkerson, RC Sallum, MAM AF Wilkerson, RC Sallum, MAM TI Anopheles (Anopheles) forattinii: a new species in Series Arribalzagia (Diptera : Culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; forattinii; new species; Arribalzagia; description; taxonomy ID RONDONIA; BRAZIL; MOSQUITOS; MALARIA AB Anopheles (Anopheles) forattinii new species, a member of the Series Arribalzagia, is described with illustrations of the larval and pupal stages, and male and female genitalia. It is contrasted with 2 similar species, An. (Anopheles) costal Fonseca & Ramos and An. (Anopheles) mediopunctatus (Lutz). This species, and An. costal, occur over much of South America where both have been misidentified as An. mediopunctatus, a species presently only known from southeastern Brazil. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wilkerson, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, MRC 534, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RI Sallum, Maria/B-8537-2012 NR 19 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 36 IS 3 BP 345 EP 354 PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 203AZ UT WOS:000080686000021 PM 10337106 ER PT J AU Smolyaninov, II Lee, CH Davis, CC Rudin, S AF Smolyaninov, II Lee, CH Davis, CC Rudin, S TI Near-field imaging of surface-enhanced second harmonic generation SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY-OXFORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Near Field Optics and Related Techniques (NFO-5) CY DEC 06-10, 1998 CL SHIRAHAMA, JAPAN DE near-field microscopy; second harmonic generation; surface enhancement ID METAL-SURFACE AB Surface-enhanced second harmonic generation from individual topographical defects of an otherwise flat gold film and from metal-coated diffraction gratings uas measured using a near-field optical microscope. Experimentally measured second harmonic field distributions were compared with theoretical calculations. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, Lab Atom Mol & Opt Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Smolyaninov, II (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, Lab Atom Mol & Opt Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.-Oxf. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 194 BP 532 EP 536 PN 2-3 PG 5 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 207VX UT WOS:000080957400059 PM 11388301 ER PT J AU Acton, N AF Acton, N TI Semisynthesis of 3-beta-hydroxyartemisinin SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID ANTIMALARIAL DRUG ARTEETHER; QINGHAO ARTEMISINIC ACID; MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION; CONCISE SYNTHESIS; CONVERSION; ANALOGS; DERIVATIVES; METABOLISM; CHEMISTRY AB 3-beta-Hydroxyartemisinin (5) was synthesized from 3-beta-hydroxydihydroartemisinic acid (7c) via singlet oxygen oxidation followed by air (triplet oxygen) oxidation. Compound 7c was synthesized in two steps from dihydroartemisinic acid, 7a. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Acton, N (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 62 IS 5 BP 790 EP 793 DI 10.1021/np980555w PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 201YP UT WOS:000080625100035 ER PT J AU Witkin, JM Gasior, M Heifets, B Tortella, FC AF Witkin, JM Gasior, M Heifets, B Tortella, FC TI Anticonvulsant efficacy of N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists against convulsions induced by cocaine SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS; BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY; PHENCYCLIDINE-LIKE; RAT-BRAIN; DIZOCILPINE; SITE; MEMANTINE; TOXICITY; AFFINITY AB Convulsions associated with cocaine abuse can be life threatening and resistant to standard emergency treatment. Cocaine (75 mg/kg, i.p.) produced clonic convulsions in similar to 90% of male, Swiss-Webster mice. A variety of clinically used antiepileptic agents did not significantly protect against cocaine convulsions (e.g., diazepam and phenobarbital). Anticonvulsants in clinical practice that did significantly protect against convulsion did so only at doses with significant sedative/ataxic effects (e.g., clonazepam and valproic acid). In contrast, functional N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists all produced dose-dependent and significant protection against the convulsant effects of cocaine. Anticonvulsant efficacy was achieved by blockade of both competitive and noncompetitive modulatory sites on the NMDA receptor complex. Thus, competitive antagonists, ion-channel blockers, polyamine antagonists, and functional blockers of the strychnine-insensitive glycine modulatory site all prevented cocaine seizures. The role of NMDA receptors in the control of cocaine-induced convulsions was further strengthened by the positive correlation between the potencies of noncompetitive antagonists or competitive antagonists to block convulsions and their respective affinities for their specific binding sites on the NMDA receptor complex. Although some NMDA blockers produced profound behavioral side effects at efficacious doses (e.g., noncompetitive antagonists), others (e.g., some low-affinity channel blockers, some competitive antagonists, and glycine antagonists) demonstrated significant and favorable separation between their anticonvulsant and side effect profiles. The present results provide the most extensive evidence to date identifying NMDA receptor blockade as a potential strategy for the discovery of agents for clinical use in averting toxic sequelae from cocaine overdose. Given the literature suggesting a role for these drugs in other areas of drug abuse treatments, NMDA receptor antagonists sit in a unique position as potential therapeutic candidates. C1 NIDA, Drug Dev Grp, Behav Neurosci Branch, Addict Res Ctr,NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Witkin, JM (reprint author), NIDA, Drug Dev Grp, Behav Neurosci Branch, Addict Res Ctr,NIH, 5500 Nathan Shock Dr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. NR 39 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 289 IS 2 BP 703 EP 711 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 188PM UT WOS:000079857100013 PM 10215643 ER PT J AU Jarvis, LP Atwater, TB Cygan, PJ AF Jarvis, LP Atwater, TB Cygan, PJ TI Fuel cell electrochemical capacitor hybrid for intermittent high power applications SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE fuel cell electrochemical capacitor hybrid; proton exchange membrane fuel cell; power source AB A hybrid power source was demonstrated to successfully power a simulated power load encountered in portable military electronics and communications equipment. The hybrid system consisted of a 25 W proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack connected in parallel with a 70 F capacitor bank. The cyclic regime of 18.0 W for 2 min followed by 2.5 W for 18 min was chosen as the baseline for the simulation of power load. The operating potential cut-off voltage for pass/failure was set to 3.0 V. At room temperature (23-25 degrees C), the PEMFC alone could not handle the described baseline regime with the PEMFC operating potential dropping below the cut-off voltage within 10 s. The hybrid, however, continuously powered the same regime for 25 h. Its operating potential never reached the voltage cut-off point, not even during the high load of 18.0 W. The tests with hybrid configuration were aborted after 25 h of operation with no signs of output degradation, suggesting that further extended operation was possible. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USA, CECOM, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Jarvis, LP (reprint author), USA, CECOM, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 3 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY PY 1999 VL 79 IS 1 BP 60 EP 63 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(98)00199-2 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 195FZ UT WOS:000080241100008 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J AF Wolfenstine, J TI Critical grain size for microcracking during lithium insertion SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE microcracking; grain size; Li-alloys; anodes ID ION-BATTERIES; ELECTRODES; ALLOYS; ANODES AB A critical grain size below which microcracking does not occur based on volume changes as a result of Li charging into brittle Li-alloys was derived. The predicted critical grain size is less than the unit cell size for a majority of single-phase materials. This suggests that decreasing the particle and/or grain size is not a practical solution to solve the mechanical instability problem of Li-alloys. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,DC, Shady Grove 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 19 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAY PY 1999 VL 79 IS 1 BP 111 EP 113 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00052-X PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 195FZ UT WOS:000080241100017 ER PT J AU Trakimas, CA Sperling, LC AF Trakimas, CA Sperling, LC TI Temporal triangular alopecia acquired in adulthood SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Temporal triangular alopecia is a relatively common, nonscarring form of alopecia. Sometimes congenital, the vast majority of lesions appear during the first 6 years of life and remain stable thereafter. We report a case of temporal triangular alopecia arising during adulthood. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Trakimas, CA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 40 IS 5 SU S BP 842 EP 844 DI 10.1053/jd.1999.v40.a97651 PN 2 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 192PB UT WOS:000080086600014 PM 10321631 ER PT J AU Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, R O'Kane, B AF Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, R O'Kane, B TI Equivalent blur as a function of spurious response of a sampled imaging system: application to character recognition SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article AB Image sampling effects have been variously quantified as aliased signal, spatial signal, and spatial noise. However, a relationship between these characteristics and human object recognition has not been established in a coherent, mathematical form. We present a heuristic study that characterizes the performance degradation that is due to the spurious response of a sampled imaging system as an effective increase in system blur. A character recognition experiment was performed in which 20 observers responded to 3500 character pairs of blur and sample spacing. A baseline was created where the probability of character recognition was determined as a function of blur without sampling. The sampled characters were then compared with this baseline so that the effect of sampling on character recognition could be determined. Finally, an increase in blur was established as a function of spurious response, which describes the overall effect of sampling on observer character recognition. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America [S0740-3232(99)03105-1]. C1 USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, AMSEL,RD,NV,SSAD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Driggers, RG (reprint author), USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, AMSEL,RD,NV,SSAD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1026 EP 1033 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.16.001026 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 190GJ UT WOS:000079954200007 PM 10234855 ER PT J AU Mait, JN Prather, DW Mirotznik, MS AF Mait, JN Prather, DW Mirotznik, MS TI Design of binary subwavelength diffractive lenses by use of zeroth-order effective-medium theory SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-ELEMENTS; 975 NM; GRATINGS; EFFICIENCY; SURFACES AB A procedure for designing binary diffractive lenses by use of pulse-width-modulated subwavelength features is discussed. The procedure is based on the combination of two approximate theories, effective-medium theory and scalar diffraction theory, and accounts for limitations on feature size and etch depth imposed by fabrication. We use a closed-form expression based on zeroth-order effective-medium theory to map the desired superwavelength phase to the width of a binary subwavelength feature and to examine the requirements imposed by this technique on fabrication and on analysis. Comparisons are also made to more rigorous approaches. In making these comparisons, we show that a trade-off exists between the exactness of the mapping and the fabrication constraints on the minimum feature. (C) 1999 Optical Society of America [S0740-3232(99)02805-7]. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Mait, JN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 27 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1157 EP 1167 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.16.001157 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 190GJ UT WOS:000079954200023 ER PT J AU Janoo, V Korhonen, C Hovan, M AF Janoo, V Korhonen, C Hovan, M TI Measurement of water content in portland cement concrete SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Warping of portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements is the result of temperature and/or moisture gradients in the pavement structure. So far, the focus has been on studying and modeling temperature gradients caused by the relative ease of measuring temperature gradients in PCC as compared with the measurement of moisture gradients. This paper provides the methodology for determining the moisture content in nonreinforced PCC pavements by relating the moisture content to the dielectric constant. This relationship is a second-order polynomial equation with a 95% confidence band for a range of water contents from 4 to 11%. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Janoo, V (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-947X J9 J TRANSP ENG-ASCE JI J. Transp. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 125 IS 3 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(1999)125:3(245) PG 5 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 188HH UT WOS:000079840400011 ER PT J AU Ishihara, S Ward, JA Tasaki, O Brinkley, WW Seraile, LG Pruitt, BA Mozingo, DW AF Ishihara, S Ward, JA Tasaki, O Brinkley, WW Seraile, LG Pruitt, BA Mozingo, DW TI Effects of long-term hemofiltration on circulating mediators and superoxide production during continuous endotoxin administration SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma/Trauma-Association-of-Can ada CY SEP 24-26, 1998 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma, Trauma Assoc Canada DE TNF-alpha; 6-keto prostaglandin F-1 alpha; thromboxane B-2; hydrogen peroxide anion; swine ID CONTINUOUS VENOVENOUS HEMOFILTRATION; SMOKE-INHALATION INJURY; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; INHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; OVINE MODEL; TNF-ALPHA; SHOCK; CYTOKINES; PLASMA; SEPSIS AB Background: The purpose of this study was to test whether continuous hemofiltration eliminates cytokines and eicosanoids, or stimulates granulocyte function, Methods: Nineteen pigs were divided into a control group (n = 7), a hemofiltration group (n = 7), and an extracorporeal circuit only group (n = 5), All animals received the same amount of intravenous endotoxin and resuscitation fluid. Zero-balanced hemofiltration was started 30 minutes after initiation of endotoxemia and continued throughout the experiment, Plasma endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, eicosanoids, superoxide production. and other physiologic parameters were measured before challenge and at scheduled intervals thereafter. Results: Eicosanoids were filtered but plasma concentrations were not reduced. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha was not filtered or adsorbed, There were no significant differences between groups in any measured parameters. Conclusion: Continuous hemofiltration could not efficiently remove tumor necrosis factor-alpha or eicosanoids, Also, continuous hemofiltration did not stimulate production of the proinflammatory mediators measured, nor improve respiratory distress. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Surg, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Ishihara, S (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 1999 VL 46 IS 5 BP 894 EP 899 DI 10.1097/00005373-199905000-00020 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 196EA UT WOS:000080295000030 PM 10338409 ER PT J AU Calkins, MD Robinson, TD AF Calkins, MD Robinson, TD TI Combat trauma airway management: Endotracheal intubation versus laryngeal mask airway versus combitube use by navy SEAL and Reconnaissance combat corpsmen SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma/Trauma-Association-of-Can ada CY SEP 24-26, 1998 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma, Trauma Assoc Canada DE combat; trauma; airway; endotracheal tube; laryngeal mask airway; esophageal tracheal combitube ID TRACHEAL TUBE; RESUSCITATION; FACEMASK; CARE; CRICOTHYROTOMY; ANESTHESIOLOGY; METAANALYSIS; VENTILATION; PARAMEDICS; PERSONNEL AB Background: Airway management takes precedence regardless of what type of life support is taking place. The gold standard for airway control and ventilation in the hands of the experienced paramedic remains unarguably the endotracheal tube. Unfortunately, laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation require a skilled provider who performs this procedure on a frequent basis. Special Operations corpsmen and medics receive training in the use of the endotracheal tube, but they use it infrequently. The use of alternative airways by Navy SEAL and Reconnaissance combat corpsmen has not been evaluated, Our objective was to compare the ability of Special Operations corpsmen to use the endotracheal tube (ETT), laryngeal mask airway (LMA), and esophageal-tracheal combitube (ETC) under combat conditions. Methods: This study used a prospective, randomized, crossover design. Twelve Navy SEAL or Reconnaissance combat corpsmen participated in a 2-week Advanced Battlefield Trauma course. During the first week, instruction included the use of ETT, LMA, and ETC, viewing of videotapes far ETC and LMA, and mannequin training. The Special Operations corpsmen were required to reliably insert each airway within 40 seconds. During the second week, participants dealt with a number of active combat trauma scenarios under fire in combat conditions. Each SEAL or Reconnaissance corpsman was asked to control his "casualty's" airway with a randomized device. All participants were evaluated in the use of each of the three airways. Results: Thirty-six airway insertions were evaluated, No failures occurred. All incorrect placements were detected and corrected. Mean time to place the ETT was 36.5 seconds versus 40.0 seconds for the ETC. The LMA insertion time of 22.3 seconds was significantly shorter than the other times (p < 0.05), The mean number of attempts per device was similar with all devices: LMA (1.17), ETC (1.17), and ETT (1.25), Conclusion: The Special Operations corpsmen easily learned how to use the ETC and LMA, In this study, they showed the ability to appropriately use the ETT as well as the ETC and LMA, For SEAL corpsmen, the alternative airways should not replate the ETT; however, on occasion an advanced combat casualty care provider may not be able to use the laryngoscope or may be unable to place the ETT, The LMA and ETC are useful alternatives in this situation. If none of these airways are feasible, cricothyrotomy remains an option. Regardless of the airway device, refresher training must take place frequently. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Special Warfare Grp Med 1, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Calkins, MD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Surg, 14th & Dahlia,Bldg 40, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 1999 VL 46 IS 5 BP 927 EP 932 DI 10.1097/00005373-199905000-00025 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 196EA UT WOS:000080295000035 PM 10338414 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Molecular determination of surgical margins using fossa biopsies at radical prostatectomy - Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 161 IS 5 BP 1448 EP 1448 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 185JY UT WOS:000079666900004 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Lester, LF Shul, RJ Willison, CG Leavitt, RP AF Zhang, L Lester, LF Shul, RJ Willison, CG Leavitt, RP TI Inductively coupled plasma etching of III-V antimonides in BCl3/Ar and Cl-2/Ar SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID DIODE-LASER; MU-M; SEMICONDUCTORS; GAAS; GASB AB Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching characteristics of GaSb and AlGaAsSb have been investigated in BCl3/Ar and Cl-2/Ar plasmas. The etch rates and selectivity between GaSb and AlGaAsSb are reported as functions of plasma chemistry, ICP power, rf self-bias, and chamber pressure. It is found that physical sputtering desorption of the etch products plays a dominant role in BCl3/Ar ICP etching, while in Cl-2/Ar plasma, the chemical reaction dominates the etching. GaSb etch rates exceeding 2 mu m/min are achieved in Cl-2/Ar plasmas with smooth surfaces and anisotropic profiles. In BCl3/Ar plasmas, etch rates of 5100 and 4200 Angstrom/min are obtained for GaSb and AlGaAsSb, respectively. The surfaces of both GaSb and AlGaAsSb etched in BCl3/Ar plasmas remain smooth and stoichiometric over the entire range of plasma conditions investigated. This result is attributed to effective removal of etch products by physical sputtering. For a wide range of plasma conditions, the selectivity between GaSb and AlGaAsSb is close to unity, which is desirable for fabricating etched mirrors and gratings for Sb-based midinfrared laser diodes. (C) 1999 American Vacuum Society. C1 Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, L (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 17 IS 3 BP 965 EP 969 DI 10.1116/1.590678 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 206AD UT WOS:000080853100011 ER PT J AU Birkhahn, R Hudgins, R Lee, D Steckl, AJ Molnar, RJ Saleh, A Zavada, JM AF Birkhahn, R Hudgins, R Lee, D Steckl, AJ Molnar, RJ Saleh, A Zavada, JM TI Growth and morphology of Er-doped GaN on sapphire and hydride vapor phase epitaxy substrates SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th North American Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (NAMBE-17) CY OCT 04-07, 1998 CL STATE COLL, PENNSYLVANIA ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SELECTIVE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE EXCITATION; IMPLANTED GAN; GALLIUM NITRIDE; ERBIUM; SPECTROSCOPY; LUMINESCENCE; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; ALN; EMISSION AB We report the morphological and compositional characteristics and their effect on optical properties of Er-doped GaN grown by solid source molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire and hydride vapor phase epitaxy GaN substrates. The GaN was grown by molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire substrates using solid sources (for Ga, Al, and Er) and a plasma gas source for N-2 The emission spectrum of the GaN:Er films consists of two unique narrow green lines at 537 and 558 nm along with typical Er3+ emission in the infrared at 1.5 mu m. The narrow lines have been identified as Er3+ transitions from the H-2(11/2) and S-4(3/2) levels to the I-4(15/2) ground state. The morphology of the GaN:Er films showed that the growth resulted in either a columnar or more compact structure with no effect on green light emission intensity. (C) 1999 American Vacuum Society. [S0734-211X(99)06303-9]. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02173 USA. Charles Evans & Associates, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Birkhahn, R (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 17 IS 3 BP 1195 EP 1199 DI 10.1116/1.590722 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 206AD UT WOS:000080853100060 ER PT J AU Mascola, JR Lewis, MG Stiegler, G Harris, D VanCott, TC Hayes, D Louder, MK Brown, CR Sapan, CV Frankel, SS Lu, YC Robb, ML Katinger, H Birx, DL AF Mascola, JR Lewis, MG Stiegler, G Harris, D VanCott, TC Hayes, D Louder, MK Brown, CR Sapan, CV Frankel, SS Lu, YC Robb, ML Katinger, H Birx, DL TI Protection of macaques against pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus 89.6PD by passive transfer of neutralizing antibodies SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; RHESUS MACAQUES; HIV IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; PRIMARY ISOLATE; CHIMERIC HUMAN; SIV INFECTION; TYPE-1 AB The role of antibody in protection against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) has been difficult to study in animal models because most primary HIV-1 strains do not infect nonhuman primates. Using a chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) based on the envelope of a primary isolate (HIV-89.6), we performed passive-transfer experiments in rhesus macaques to study the role of anti-envelope antibodies in protection. Based on prior in vitro data showing neutralization synergy by antibody combinations, we evaluated HIV immune globulin (HIVIG), and human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 2F5 and 2G12 given alone, compared with the double combination 2F5/2G12 and the triple combination HIVIG/2F5/2G12. Antibodies were administered 24 h prior to intravenous challenge with the pathogenic SHIV-89.6PD. Six control monkeys displayed high plasma viremia, rapid CD4(+)-cell decline, and clinical AIDS within 14 weeks. Of six animals given HIVIG/2F5/2G12, three were completely protected; the remaining three animals became SHIV infected but displayed reduced plasma viremia and near normal CD4(+)-cell counts. One of three monkeys given 2F5/2G12 exhibited only transient evidence of infection; the other two had marked reductions in viral load. All monkeys that received HMG, 2F5, or 2G12 alone became infected and developed high-level plasma viremia. However, compared to controls, monkeys that received HIVIG or MAb 2G12 displayed a less profound drop in CD4(+) T cells and a more benign clinical course. These data indicate a general correlation between in vitro neutralization and protection and suggest that a vaccine that elicits neutralizing antibody should have a protective effect against HIV-1 infection or disease. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Agr Univ Vienna, Inst Appl Microbiol, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. NIAID, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NABI, Boca Raton, FL 33487 USA. AVANT Immunotherapeut, Needham, MA 02494 USA. RP Mascola, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL59718] NR 56 TC 596 Z9 603 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 73 IS 5 BP 4009 EP 4018 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 185ZG UT WOS:000079701100059 PM 10196297 ER PT J AU Wang, P Kraus, NC AF Wang, P Kraus, NC TI Longshore sediment transport rate measured by short-term impoundment SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID SURF ZONE AB The total longshore sediment transport rate in the surf zone was measured at a temporary groin installed at Indian Rocks Beach, west central Florida. Approximate mass balance between updrift accumulation and downdrift erosion, which served as an indicator of reliability, was obtained in four of the six runs, which were subjected to further analysis. Magnitudes of three of the four transport rates were considerably lower than predictions by the Coastal Engineering Research Center formula calculated based on contemporaneous measurements of the breaking waves. Error analysis indicated that the determination of the longshore wave-energy flux factor carried a 22-48% maximum uncertainty, and the measured volume-change rate carried a 22-43% uncertainty. The combined uncertainties produce a 40-90% maximum uncertainty in determination of the empirical transport coefficient K appearing in the Coastal Engineering Research Center formula. Comparable or greater uncertainty in K-values probably exists in the total database available for calibrating predictive formulas. The range in values of K in these measurements cannot be explained by measurement error or uncertainty. Therefore, it is concluded that K is not a constant and that other factors may enter, such as breaker type, turbulence intensity, and threshold for sediment transport. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydr Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, 332 Howe Russell Geosci Complex, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 125 IS 3 BP 118 EP 126 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1999)125:3(118) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 187XQ UT WOS:000079814400002 ER PT J AU Tezduyar, TE AF Tezduyar, TE TI CFD methods for three-dimensional computation of complex flow problems SO JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on CFD for Wind Climate in Cites CY AUG 24-26, 1998 CL HAYAMA, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inst Ind Sci, Int Wind Engn Forum, Japan Assoc wind Engn DE CFD methods; T star AFSM; three-dimensional flow simulations ID FINITE-ELEMENT COMPUTATION; COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; SIMULATION; EQUATIONS AB This paper provides an overview of some of the CFD methods developed by the Team for Advanced Flow Simulation and Modeling (T*AFSM) [http://www.mems.rice.edu/TAFSM/]. The paper also provides many examples of three-dimensional flow simulations carried out with these CFD methods and advanced parallel supercomputers. The methods and tools described in this paper include: stabilized finite element formulations; formulations for flows with moving boundaries and interfaces; mesh update methods; iterative solution techniques for large nonlinear equation systems; and parallel implementation of these methods. Our target is to be able to address effectively certain classes of flow simulation problems. These include: unsteady flows with interfaces; fluid-object interactions; fluid-structure interactions; airdrop systems; aerodynamics of complex shapes; and contaminant dispersion. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rice Univ, Army HPC Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Rice Univ, Army HPC Res Ctr, MS 321,6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM tezduyar@ahpcrc.umn.edu RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6105 EI 1872-8197 J9 J WIND ENG IND AEROD JI J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. PD MAY-JUL PY 1999 VL 81 BP 97 EP 116 DI 10.1016/S0167-6105(99)00011-2 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 215TG UT WOS:000081398600007 ER PT J AU Nalesnik, SW Kost, ER Hines, JF Hall, KL AF Nalesnik, SW Kost, ER Hines, JF Hall, KL TI Solitary brain metastasis indicating recurrent primary peritoneal carcinoma SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Nalesnik, SW (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 93 IS 5 SU S BP 844 EP 844 DI 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00574-2 PN 2 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 192PF UT WOS:000080087000023 PM 10912420 ER PT J AU Lattimore, MR Kaupp, S Schallhorn, S Lewis, R AF Lattimore, MR Kaupp, S Schallhorn, S Lewis, R TI Orbscan pachymetry - Implications of a repeated measures and diurnal variation analysis SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Optometry CY DEC, 1997 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP Amer Acad Optometry ID CORNEAL THICKNESS; RADIAL KERATOTOMY; INTRAOCULAR-PRESSURE; TOPOGRAPHY AB Introduction: Corneal thickness changes reflect alterations in hydration and metabolism. Ultrasound pachymetry determinations may be adversely influenced by fluctuations in tissue hydration, whereas optical systems are apparently unaffected by these fluxes, A recently marketed, optical-based, topographic mapping system (Orbscan; Orbtek, Inc.) uses anterior and posterior corneal surface data to calculate corneal thickness. Objective: This new instrumentation presents as a potentially useful pachymetry tool for evaluation of corneas under hydration flux or challenge (e.g., postphotorefractive keratectomy [PRK] healing studies) and was therefore evaluated for accuracy and variability. Measurements: Three calibrated standards were measured in repeated fashion. Additionally, 1 test subject was measured 30 times in 1 day (5 measurements each at 8:00, 9:30, and 11:00 AM and at 1:00, 2:30, and 4:00 PM). Corresponding measurements were made at 8:00 and 11:00 AM and at 4:00 PM On 3 Separate days to assess repeatability. Grouped data from 18 volunteer subjects were compared to the data of the test subject as well, Results: Pachymetry accuracy on a calibrated standard was determined to be +/-2 mu m (standard deviation, n = 12), Repeated measures on the subject demonstrated a mean standard deviation of 9.08 mu m for 750 thickness data points across the central 7 mm of the cornea; peripheral measurement points exhibited progressively greater variability than at the apex (analysis of variance; P < 0.0001), A plot of thickness by corneal location and time of day exhibited a diurnal pattern, with the peripheral cornea exhibiting progressively greater thickness changes than the central cornea (two-way analysis of variance; P < 0.00001). The data significantly correlated across days when all times of day were considered (r = 0.999). However, thickness values obtained at 8:00 AM were significantly different across days (t test; P < 0.0002), The subject's data correlated very well (r = 0.9996) with the grouped volunteer data. Conclusions: These data show this system to be useful in corneal research and in clinical settings. The data confirm early morning pachymetry to be highly variable. Additionally, the data not only indicate a diurnal variation of corneal hydration over time, but also imply the presence of a diurnal-based hydration gradient across the peripheral cornea, both of which can have significance for PRK, since excimer tissue ablation effectiveness is influenced by tissue hydration. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Lattimore, MR (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 15 TC 123 Z9 131 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD MAY PY 1999 VL 106 IS 5 BP 977 EP 981 DI 10.1016/S0161-6420(99)00519-9 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 192TN UT WOS:000080095500036 PM 10328399 ER PT J AU Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, R Halford, CE AF Driggers, RG Vollmerhausen, R Halford, CE TI Sampled imaging systems SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, AMSEL RD NV SSAD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Univ Memphis, Dept Elect Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Driggers, RG (reprint author), USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, AMSEL RD NV SSAD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 5 BP 740 EP 741 DI 10.1117/1.602042 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA 194VU UT WOS:000080215900002 ER PT J AU Vollmerhausen, R Driggers, RG O'Kane, BL AF Vollmerhausen, R Driggers, RG O'Kane, BL TI Influence of sampling on target recognition and identification SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE sampled imaging systems; sampled sensors; aliasing; electrooptical sensor modeling; performance modeling; target recognition; target identification ID SENSOR AB Two perception experiments are conducted to quantify the relationship between imager sampling artifacts and target recognition and identification performance using that imager. The results of these experiments show that in-band aliasing (aliasing that overlaps the baseband signal) does not degrade target identification performance, but out-of-band aliasing (such as Visible display raster) degrades identification performance significantly. Aliasing had less impact on the recognition task than the identification task, but both in-band and out-of-band aliasing moderately degrades recognition performance. Based on these experiments and other results reported in the literature, it appears that in-band aliasing has a strong effect on low-level discrimination tasks such as point (hot-spot) detection; out-of-band aliasing has only a minor impact on these tasks. For high-lever discrimination tasks such as target identification, however, out-of-band aliasing has a significant impact on performance, whereas in-band aliasing has a minor affect, For intermediate-level discrimination tasks such as target recognition, both in-band and out-of-band aliasing have a moderate impact on performance. Based on data from the perception experiments, the modulation transfer function (MTF) squeeze model is developed. The degraded performance due to undersampling is modeled as an effective increase in system blur or, equivalently, a contraction or "squeeze" in the MTF. An equation is developed that quantifies the amount of MTF squeeze or contraction to apply to the system MIF to account for the performance degradation caused by sampling. (C) 1999 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(99)00605-4]. C1 USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Vollmerhausen, R (reprint author), USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vision & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 25 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 5 BP 763 EP 772 DI 10.1117/1.602043 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 194VU UT WOS:000080215900004 ER PT J AU Jacobs, EL Edwards, TC AF Jacobs, EL Edwards, TC TI Sampling criteria for sensor simulation SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE sampling; simulation; uncertainty principle; information theory ID PIXELIZED PROJECTOR AB Electro-optic sensor simulation and sensor design require a common understanding of spatial sampling. As part of the development of a high fidelity sensor simulation, the U.S. Army Night Vision Electronic Sensors Directorate has developed a methodology that enables the simulation designer to minimize the spatial sampling rate of the input image based on the sensor parameters. Gabor information theory is used to define the limit imposed on the ability to simultaneously represent a spatial function and its Fourier transform. This is then coupled with the necessary consequences of sampling the image to develop limits that ensure minimal error. Resolution requirements for synthetic presensor imagery can be developed using this formalism. These requirements are not based on the instantaneous field of view (IFOV) or on the detector width alone but are based on the full sensor point spread function. (C) 1999 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(99)00805-3]. C1 USA, CECOM, Night Vis Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Jacobs, EL (reprint author), USA, CECOM, Night Vis Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd,Suite 430, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 5 BP 827 EP 835 DI 10.1117/1.602280 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 194VU UT WOS:000080215900012 ER PT J AU Halford, CE Krapels, KA Driggers, RG Burroughs, EE AF Halford, CE Krapels, KA Driggers, RG Burroughs, EE TI Developing operational performance metrics using image comparison metrics and the concept of degradation space SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE image metrics; image quality; metric design; operational performance; degradation space; projection systems ID DISCRIMINATION; STATISTICS; TARGETS AB A technique for determining relative degradations from image metrics is presented along with a technique for predicting sensor performance from metrics. These techniques are illustrated with degradations of blur and noise in thermal imagery. These uses of metrics are depicted as mappings among a degradation space, an image quality metric space, and an operational performance space. This technique has utility in sampled imagery applications where input and output image comparison is possible, e.g., validation of an infrared scene projector (IRSP), testing image compression algorithms, image simulation, etc. Such applications have a known input image and a degraded output image. With the input image, one can characterize the output image in terms of its degradations relative to the input. The concept of a degradation space leads to developing an Operational Performance Metric (OPM) in terms of more traditional Image Quality Metrics (IQMs). The technique is illustrated using empirical results for human observers performing recognition tasks with thermal imagery in a degradation space of blur and noise. (C) 1999 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(99)01705-5]. C1 Memphis State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Test & Evaluat Command, Redstone Tech Test Ctr, STERT TE E SA, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Halford, CE (reprint author), Memphis State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 5 BP 836 EP 844 DI 10.1117/1.602048 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 194VU UT WOS:000080215900013 ER PT J AU Webb, CM Halford, CE AF Webb, CM Halford, CE TI Dynamic minimum resolvable temperature testing for staring array imagers SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE minimum resolvable temperature; testing staring arrays; sampled imaging systems AB Experimental results of dynamic minimum resolvable temperature (DMRT) testing of a staring array thermal imager are reported. Temporal effects of scanning four bar targets are discussed. The impact of target phase for static minimum resolvable temperature (MRT) tests is presented and shown through measured results. Details of the DMRT test are offered as guidelines for such tests. DMRT test results are shown as a function of scanning speed. Results for good image uniformity are compared to results with poor image uniformity. The experimental results are used to determine the perceived resolution increase as a function of target speed. An optimum scanning speed is identified and discussed. The DMRT results at this optimum scanning speed are compared to the static MRT results. (C) 1999 Society of Photo-Optical instrumentation Engineers. [S0091-3286(99)00305-0]. C1 USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Memphis State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Webb, CM (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 5 BP 845 EP 851 DI 10.1117/1.602281 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 194VU UT WOS:000080215900014 ER PT J AU Driggers, RG Webb, C Pruchnic, SJ Halford, CE Burroughs, EE AF Driggers, RG Webb, C Pruchnic, SJ Halford, CE Burroughs, EE TI Laboratory measurement of sampled infrared imaging system performance SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE sampling; imaging system performance; noise equivalent temperature difference; modulation transfer functions; minimum resolvable temperature difference; infrared systems; performance; measurements ID TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE; NOISE C1 USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, AMSEL RD NV SSAD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Memphis State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. E OIR Measurements Inc, Spotsylvania, VA 22553 USA. USA, Test & Evaluat Command, Redstone Tech Test Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Driggers, RG (reprint author), USA, Commun & Elect Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, AMSEL RD NV SSAD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 24 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 38 IS 5 BP 852 EP 861 DI 10.1117/1.602249 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 194VU UT WOS:000080215900015 ER PT J AU Dobson, CC Sung, CC AF Dobson, CC Sung, CC TI Laser-induced optical pumping measurements of cross sections for fine- and hyperfine-structure transitions in sodium induced by collisions with helium and argon atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE AB Optical pumping of the ground states of sodium can radically alter the shape of the laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectrum, complicating measurements of temperature, pressure, etc.. which are based on these spectra. Modeling of the fluorescence using rate equations for the eight hyperfine states of the sodium D manifolds can be used to quantify the contribution to the ground state pumping of transitions among the hyperfine excited states induced by collisions with buffer gas atoms. This model is used here to determine, from the shape of experimental spectra, cross sections for Delta F transitions of the P-3/2, state induced by collisions with helium and argon atoms, for a range of values assumed for the P-1/2, Delta F cross sections. The hyperfine cross sections measured using this method, which to our knowledge is novel, are compared with cross sections for transitions involving polarized magnetic substates m(F) measured previously using polarization sensitive absorption. Also, fine-structure transition (Delta J) cross sections were measured in the pumped vapor, giving agreement with previous measurements made in the absence of pumping. [S1050-2917(99)04605-3]. C1 NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, AMSAM,RD,WS,CM, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Dobson, CC (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, EP63, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAY PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 3402 EP 3407 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.3402 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 197UB UT WOS:000080383100038 ER PT J AU Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Batsoulli, S Bennett, SJ Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, R Dover, CB Fachini, P Fadem, B Finch, LE George, NK Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, R Huang, HZ Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Li, Q Libby, B Majka, RD Miller, TE Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Reid, JD Rimai, A Rose, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS Van Buren, G Wohn, FK Xu, Z AF Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Batsoulli, S Bennett, SJ Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, R Dover, CB Fachini, P Fadem, B Finch, LE George, NK Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, R Huang, HZ Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Li, Q Libby, B Majka, RD Miller, TE Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Reid, JD Rimai, A Rose, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS Van Buren, G Wohn, FK Xu, Z CA E864 Collaboration TI Antiproton production and antideuteron production limits in relativistic heavy ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; MULTIPLICITY DETECTOR; 14.6A GEV/C; PBAR AB We present results from Experiment 864 for antiproton production and antideuteron limits in Au + Pb collisions at 11.5 GeV/e per nucleon. We have measured invariant multiplicities for antiprotons for rapidities 1.460%) prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies, uses of river water for drinking and cooking, personal washing, and human excreta disposal were all significantly associated with high prevalence of infection. Conversely, boiling of river drinking water was negatively associated with higher prevalence (P < 0.01). The protective value of boiling river water was also shown in sporadic HEV transmission in Indonesia and in epidemic and sporadic spread in Viet Nam. Evidence from Indonesia indicated that the decreased dilution of HEV in river water due to unusually dry weather contributed to risk of epidemic HEV transmission. But river flooding conditions and contamination added to the risk of HEV infection in Viet Nam. These findings attest to a unique combination of ecological and environmental conditions predisposing to epidemic HEV spread in South-East Asia. C1 USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. Inst Pasteur, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Prov Hlth Serv, Sintang Dist, W Kalimantan, Indonesia. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Indonesia, Fac Med, Jakarta, Indonesia. USN, Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Corwin, AL (reprint author), US NAMRU 2, Box 3,Unit 8132, APO, AP 96520 USA. EM corwin@smtp.namru2.go.id NR 30 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-9203 EI 1878-3503 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY-JUN PY 1999 VL 93 IS 3 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1016/S0035-9203(99)90014-7 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 216TT UT WOS:000081460500010 PM 10492753 ER PT J AU Bauer, JJ Zeng, JC Weir, J Zhang, W Sesterhenn, IA Connelly, RR Mun, SK Moul, JW AF Bauer, JJ Zeng, JC Weir, J Zhang, W Sesterhenn, IA Connelly, RR Mun, SK Moul, JW TI Three-dimensional computer-simulated prostate models: Lateral prostate biopsies increase the detection rate of prostate cancer SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORE BIOPSIES; ANTIGEN; VOLUME; CARCINOMA; MEN AB Objectives. Urologists routinely use the systematic sextant needle biopsy technique to detect prostate cancer. However, recent evidence suggests that this technique has a significant sampling error. We developed a novel three-dimensional (3D) computer-assisted prostate biopsy simulator based on whole-mounted step-sectioned radical prostatectomy specimens to compare the diagnostic accuracy of various prostate needle biopsy protocols. Methods. We obtained digital images of 201 step-sectioned whole-mounted radical prostatectomy specimens. 3D computer simulation software was developed to accurately depict the anatomy of the prostate and all individual tumor foci. Additional peripheral devices were incorporated into the system to perform interactive prostate biopsies. We obtained 18 biopsies of each prostate model to determine the detection rates of various biopsy protocols. Results. The 10- and 12-pattern biopsy protocols had a 99.0% detection rate; the traditional sextant biopsy protocol rate was only 72.6%. The 5-region biopsy protocol had a 90.5% detection rate and the 14-pattern, which includes all the biopsies used in the patterns above, only added 1 additional positive case (99.5%). Transitional zone and seminal vesicle biopsies did not result in a significantly increased detection rate when added to the patterns above. Only one positive model was obtained when the transitional zone biopsies were added, The lateral sextant pattern had a detection rate of 95.5%, and the 4-pattern lateral biopsy protocol had a 93.5% detection rate. Conclusions. Our results suggest that all the biopsy protocols that use laterally placed biopsies based on the 5-region anatomic model are superior to the routinely used sextant prostate biopsy pattern. Lateral biopsies in the mid and apical zones of the gland are the most important. UROLOGY 53: 961-967, 1999. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Imaging Sci & Informat Syst Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Med, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 19 TC 74 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD MAY PY 1999 VL 53 IS 5 BP 961 EP 967 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(99)00068-0 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 189HD UT WOS:000079898200019 PM 10223490 ER PT J AU Chandra, AMS Campbell, GA Reddy, G Qualls, CW AF Chandra, AMS Campbell, GA Reddy, G Qualls, CW TI Neurotoxicity of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB): Immunohistochemical study of cerebrovascular permeability SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE albumin; blood-brain barrier; immunohistochemistry; munitions; neurotoxicity; rats; 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS; PLASMA-PROTEIN EXTRAVASATION; RETROGRADE AXONAL TRANSPORT; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE; NEURONAL UPTAKE; SERUM-ALBUMIN; ENCEPHALOPATHY; LESIONS AB 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (TNB) is a soil and water contaminant at certain military installations. Encephalopathy in rats given 10 daily oral doses of TNB has been reported. The lesion was bilaterally symmetric vacuolation and microcavitation in the cerebellar roof nuclei, vestibular nuclei, olivary nuclei, and inferior colliculi. The contribution of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the genesis of these lesions remains uncertain. One of the main goals of the present work was to evaluate the functional state of the BBB. Male Fischer 344 rats (five rats/group) were euthanatized after four, five, six, seven, eight, or 10 daily doses of TNB (71 mg/kg). A different set of rats (five rats/group) was allowed to recover for 10 or 30 days after receiving 10 doses of TNB. Integrity of the BBB was assessed by immunohistochemical staining for extravasated plasma albumin on paraffin-embedded sections. Rats euthanatized after four to eight doses had no lesions, and albumin extravasation in the susceptible regions of the brain was minimal. Rats receiving 10 daily doses of TNB had bilaterally symmetric vacuolation and microcavitation in the cerebellar nuclei, vestibular nuclei, and inferior colliculi in association with multifocal, often confluent foci of extravasated albumin in susceptible nuclei. Albumin was present in vascular walls, extracellular space, and neurons. Immunoreactivity in neurons was of two types: cytoplasmic staining representing pinocytic uptake and homogenous staining of the entire neuron (nucleus and cytoplasm) due to uncontrolled albumin leakage through the damaged cell membrane. In rats allowed to recover for 10 days, the microcavitated foci were infiltrated by glial and gitter cells. Albumin immunoreactivity was present as extracellular granular debris, and neuronal staining (for albumin) was mild. In rats allowed to recover for 30 days, immunoreactivity to albumin was not seen. This study demonstrates that TNB-mediated tissue damage is accompanied by breakdown of the BBB. The presence of vacuolation and associated extravasated serum proteins in TNB-treated rats is an indication of vasogenic brain edema, which appears to be a critical event in TNB toxicity. Additional studies are needed to determine the reason for selective regional vulnerability and brain microvasculature susceptibility to TNB. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Anat Patol & Pharmacol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Qualls, CW (reprint author), Glaxo Wellcome Inc, Med Safety Evaluat, Room 9-3011H,5 Moore Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 36 IS 3 BP 212 EP 220 DI 10.1354/vp.36-3-212 PG 9 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 283ND UT WOS:000085280900004 PM 10332829 ER PT J AU Yourick, DL Repasi, RT Rittase, WB Staten, LD Meyerhoff, JL AF Yourick, DL Repasi, RT Rittase, WB Staten, LD Meyerhoff, JL TI Ifenprodil and arcaine alter amygdala-kindling development SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE kindling; seizure; NMDA receptor; polyamine; ifenprodil; arcaine ID D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; POLYAMINE SITE; CA2+ CHANNELS; NMDA RECEPTOR; RATS; ANTAGONIST; INHIBITION; SEIZURES; EPILEPSY AB The NMDA receptor complex is thought to be altered in kindling, an animal model for complex partial epilepsy. This receptor complex has several modulatory sites including those for glutamate, glycine and polyamines with activation resulting in altered cation channel opening. Two NMDA receptor effecters, ifenprodil and arcaine, were evaluated for effects on the acquisition of electrical kindling of the amygdala. Rats were administered 0, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mu g of ifenprodil or 0, 32 or 100 mu g of arcaine, intracerebroventricularly, 10 min before a daily kindling stimulus. Ifenprodil, at low doses, enhanced kindling acquisition, while the highest dose, 100 mu g, inhibited kindling. Arcaine increased the number of trials required to reach fully generalized (stage 5) seizures at the 100 mu g dose. Since these agents had mixed actions on kindling development, it is unclear whether these or similar NMDA effecters would be useful in the modulation of complex partial seizures. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Yourick, DL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Yourick, Debra/A-2121-2011 NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD APR 29 PY 1999 VL 371 IS 2-3 BP 147 EP 152 DI 10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00183-1 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 194TH UT WOS:000080209300005 PM 10357251 ER PT J AU Zheleva, TS Ashmawi, WM Nam, OH Davis, RF AF Zheleva, TS Ashmawi, WM Nam, OH Davis, RF TI Thermal mismatch stress relaxation via lateral epitaxy in selectively grown GaN structures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; ALN; INN AB A reduction in the dislocation density of 10(4)-10(5) cm(-2) has been achieved via lateral epitaxial overgrowth (LEO) of GaN films selectively grown from stripes etched in SiO2 masks deposited on GaN/AlN/6H-SiC(0001) heterostructures. The magnitudes and distribution of stresses generated in the LEO GaN layer and the SiO2, due primarily to differences in the coefficients of thermal expansion, were modeled using finite element (FE) analysis. These calculations showed that localized compressive stress fields of approximate to 3 GPa occurred at the edges of the LEO GaN in the vicinity of the GaN/SiO2 interface. Localized compression along the GaN substrate/SiO2 interface and tension along the [0001] direction were responsible for the change in shape of the SiO2 stripes from rectangular with flat sides to an airfoil shape with curved sides. The FE calculations also revealed that an increase in the width of the LEO GaN regions over the SiO2 or the reduction in the separation between the GaN stripes (all other dimensions being fixed) resulted in a slight reduction in the compressive stresses along the LEO GaN/SiO2 interface and an increase in the compressive stress along [0001]. An increase in the shear stress, at the corners of the LEO GaN near the LEO GaN/SiO2 interface, with an increase in the width of the LEO GaN region were also indicated. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)02715-1]. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Zheleva, TS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 15 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 26 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 17 BP 2492 EP 2494 DI 10.1063/1.123017 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 188PD UT WOS:000079855900030 ER PT J AU Dutta, M Stroscio, MA AF Dutta, M Stroscio, MA TI Energy level schemes for far-infrared quantum well lasers - Comment SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHONON; TRANSITIONS C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Dutta, M (reprint author), USA, Res Off, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 26 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 17 BP 2555 EP 2555 DI 10.1063/1.123898 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 188PD UT WOS:000079855900051 ER PT J AU Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Ray, R AF Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Ray, R TI DNA ligase I activation during repair of alkylation damaged DNA is via DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) mediated phosphorylation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Lincoln Univ, Dept Chem, Lincoln Univ, PA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1453 EP A1453 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400752 ER PT J AU Hammamieh, R Das, R Melhem, M Jett, M AF Hammamieh, R Das, R Melhem, M Jett, M TI Distinct fatty acid binding protein profile in prostate normal end tumor tissues. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, VA Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1462 EP A1462 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400805 ER PT J AU Ionin, B Foley, J Lee, D Das, R Jett, M AF Ionin, B Foley, J Lee, D Das, R Jett, M TI Differential gene expression pattern induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin B in human kidney cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1407 EP A1407 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400499 ER PT J AU Ishida, H Berman, JD Ray, P AF Ishida, H Berman, JD Ray, P TI Involvement of actin cytoskeleton in acetylcholine neuroexocytosis and its inhibition by botulinum toxin in PC12 cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1573 EP A1573 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033401445 ER PT J AU Kirby, SD Wimmers, LE Broomfield, CA AF Kirby, SD Wimmers, LE Broomfield, CA TI Construction of recombinant human carboxylesterase mutants that hydrolyze the nerve agent sarin. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Towson State Univ, APG, USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Towson, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1526 EP A1526 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033401173 ER PT J AU Ray, P Chakrabarti, AK Monroe, F Ray, R AF Ray, P Chakrabarti, AK Monroe, F Ray, R TI Protease stimulation due to sulfur mustard: Properties and mechanisms SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1556 EP A1556 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033401348 ER PT J AU Ray, R Benton, BJ Anderson, DR Brobst, DE Rosenthal, DS Ray, P AF Ray, R Benton, BJ Anderson, DR Brobst, DE Rosenthal, DS Ray, P TI Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) mediated mechanisms of sulfur mustard (SM) toxicity and its protection SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1341 EP A1341 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400117 ER PT J AU Vereshchagina, LA Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC AF Vereshchagina, LA Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC TI Sequence specificity and binding affinity of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein DOB (hnRNP DOB) for double- and single-stranded DNA. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1461 EP A1461 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400799 ER PT J AU Williford, CW Bricka, RM AF Williford, CW Bricka, RM TI Extraction of TNT from aggregate soil fractions SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE explosives; soil; aggregate; remediation; extraction; analysis; TNT AB Past explosives manufacture, disposal, and training activities have contaminated soil at many military facilities, posing health and environmental risks through contact, potential detonation, and leaching into ground water. While methods have been confirmed for extraction and measuring explosives concentration in soil, no work has addressed aggregate size material (the >2 mm gravel and cobbles) that often occurs with the smaller soil fractions. This paper describes methods and results for extraction and measurement of TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) in aggregate material from 1/2 to 2-1/1 from a WWII era ammunition plant. TNT was extracted into acetonitrile by both Soxhlet and ultrasonic extraction methods. High pressure liquid chromatography analyses of extracts showed expected variation among samples. Also effective extraction and determination of TNT concentration for each aggregate size fraction was achieved. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Chem Engn, Oxford, MS USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Williford, CW (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Chem Engn, Oxford, MS USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 66 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(98)00214-3 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 202QJ UT WOS:000080663400002 PM 10379027 ER PT J AU Williford, CW Li, Z Wang, ZM Bricka, RM AF Williford, CW Li, Z Wang, ZM Bricka, RM TI Vertical column hydroclassification of metal-contaminated soils SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE attrition scrubbing; chromium; heavy metals; hydroclassification; lead; remediation; soil; soil washing; physical separation; gravity-based separation AB The purpose of this work was to reduce soil volumes requiring aggressive treatment. A second purpose was to determine differences in separation due to distinct forms of the metal contamination and soil texture. The objectives were to apply hydroclassification and find mass and metal-contaminant distribution of four soils contaminated with heavy metals from firing ranges, a small arms incinerator, and an electroplating operation. The soils were slurried in water, sieved, and exposed to upward flowing water to separate the soil particles into four nominal size ranges. The popping furnace soil exhibited substantial lead among all particle size fractions. The firing range soils exhibited bimodal distributions. The electroplating soil exhibited a strong concentration of metals toward the < 63 mu m fraction. Attrition scrubbing moderately improved the enrichment of metals in several fractions. Extraction revealed the lead and chromium in the electroplating soil to be relatively immobile. These results suggest metal distributions are influenced by the different mechanisms of introduction into the soil. They also help to predict performance of processing options such as sieving hydroclassification and attrition scrubbing. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Chem Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. Arizona Dept Environm Qual, Phoenix, AZ 85012 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Williford, CW (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Chem Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 66 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 30 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(98)00213-1 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 202QJ UT WOS:000080663400003 PM 10379028 ER PT J AU Beaman, JR Finch, R Gardner, H Hoffmann, F Rosencrance, A Zelikoff, JT AF Beaman, JR Finch, R Gardner, H Hoffmann, F Rosencrance, A Zelikoff, JT TI Mammalian immunoassays for predicting the toxicity of malathion in a laboratory fish model SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID CATFISH HETEROPNEUSTES-FOSSILIS; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSE; BRAIN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; INDUCED IMMUNOTOXICITY; MACROPHAGE FUNCTION; YERSINIA-RUCKERI; CHANNEL CATFISH; MICE; ANTIBODY AB This study describes the use of a panel of immune assays, originally developed by the National Toxicology Program for assessing xenobiotic-induced immunotoxicity in mice, to quantify the effects of sublethal malathion exposure on the immune responses of fish. For this study, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed subchronically to the organophosphate pesticide malathion in a series or two experiments. In the first set of studies, fish were exposed for 7 or 14 d to untreated well water (i.e., controls) or to waterborne malathion at 0.2 or 0.8 mg/L. Following exposure, fish from each group were sacrificed and their kidneys (primary organ of leukopoiesis in fish and equivalent to mammalian bone marrow) were used to provide cells for assessing any malathion-induced effects upon nonspecific and acquired immune defense mechanisms. Effects upon humoral-mediated immunity were determined by enumerating antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) numbers from a subset of fish exposed to malathion for 14 d and then injected intraperitoneally (ip) with sheep erythrocytes (sRBC). Results of these studies demonstrated that while malathion exposure had no significant effect upon hematocrit/leukocrit values or upon mitogen-stimulated T-cell lymphoproliferation, PFC numbers in the kidney of exposed fish were significantly reduced (compared to control fish) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, total recoverable kidney cell numbers. C1 NYU, Sch Med, Nelson Inst Environm Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. Geocenters Inc, Frederick, MD USA. USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Frederick, MD USA. RP Zelikoff, JT (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Nelson Inst Environm Med, Dept Environm Med, 57 Old Forge Rd, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. EM judyz@charlotte.med.nyu.edu NR 39 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 56 IS 8 BP 523 EP 542 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 187PU UT WOS:000079796200001 PM 10321383 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW Bartram, PW Koper, O Klabunde, KJ AF Wagner, GW Bartram, PW Koper, O Klabunde, KJ TI Reactions of VX, GD, and HD with nanosize MgO SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID UNIQUE SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; ADSORPTION; REAGENTS; SORBENTS; OXIDE AB The room-temperature reactions of the chemical warfare agents VX (O-ethyl S-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate), GD (3,3-dimethyl-2-butyl methylphosphonofluoridate, or Soman), and HD (2,2'-dichloroethyl sulfide, or mustard) with nanosize MgO have been studied using solid-state MAS NMR. All three agents hydrolyze on the surface of the very reactive MgO nanoparticles. VX yields ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA) and methylphosphonic acid (MPA), but no toxic S-(2-diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate (EA-2192). GD forms both GD-acid and MPA. For HD, in addition to hydrolysis to thiodiglycol, about 50% elimination to divinyl sulfide occurs. The reaction kinetics for all three agents are characterized by a fast initial reaction followed by gradual slowing to a steady-state reaction with first-order behavior. The fast reaction is consistent with Liquid spreading through the porous nanoparticle aggregates. The steady-state reaction is identified as a gas-phase reaction, mediated by evaporation, once the liquid achieves its volume in the smallest available pores. C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res & Technol Directorate, ERDEC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Nantek Inc, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wagner, GW (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Box 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 13 TC 232 Z9 233 U1 6 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5647 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD APR 22 PY 1999 VL 103 IS 16 BP 3225 EP 3228 DI 10.1021/jp984689u PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 189YP UT WOS:000079934200026 ER PT J AU Lindberg, JD Douglass, RE Garvey, DM AF Lindberg, JD Douglass, RE Garvey, DM TI Atmospheric particulate absorption and black carbon measurement SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ATTENUATION CROSS-SECTION; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; ABSORBING COMPONENT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; COEFFICIENT; URBAN AB It is convenient to measure the optical attenuation A of the combination of a layer of atmospheric particulate matter and the quartz fiber filter on which it has been collected. The problem of relating A to the absorption and scattering coefficients k and s of the particulate matter itself is treated as a problem in diffuse reflectance spectroscopy using the Kubelka-Munk theory. The results show that although, in general, A is a nonlinear function strongly dependent on both a and k, for a limited range of s and sample thickness d, A can be a practically linear function of k. Fortunately, this range includes that common to atmospheric particulate samples. Furthermore, it is shown that if the filter's reflectance is sufficiently high, A can be nearly independent of s. This is in agreement with experimental and, for the limiting case when the substrate filter reflectance is unity, theoretical results obtained by other researchers. Use of such measurements of A as a means of determining the black carbon mass loading C on a filter is also investigated. It is shown that when the black carbon mass fraction f(c) is high, as it is for samples collected in large urban areas, A is a predictable and practically linear function of C. However, when f(c) is low, as it is for many rural locations, then the slope of the function A(C) is strongly dependent on f(c), leading to possible overestimates of C. This problem can be alleviated by making the measurement of A at near-infrared wavelengths rather than in the visible spectrum. C1 Sci & Technol Corp, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Lindberg, JD (reprint author), Sci & Technol Corp, 555 Telshore 200, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM dgarvey@arl.mil NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD APR 20 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 12 BP 2369 EP 2376 DI 10.1364/AO.38.002369 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 186JJ UT WOS:000079725400006 PM 18319802 ER PT J AU He, JA Samuelson, L Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK AF He, JA Samuelson, L Li, L Kumar, J Tripathy, SK TI Bacteriorhodopsin thin film assemblies - Immobilization, properties, and applications SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Review ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; PROTEIN MULTILAYER FILMS; BY-LAYER ADSORPTION; SOL-GEL GLASS; PURPLE MEMBRANE; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; HALOBACTERIUM-HALOBIUM; SUCCESSIVE DEPOSITION; CONJUGATED POLYIONS; ASPARTIC ACID-96 AB Supramolecular assembly of optically active materials into thin film architectures is a topic of significant practical importance. Improving the optical functionality and stability compared to the bulk state of typically fragile biological molecules is a driving force for work in this area. Here, the photocycle of Bacteriorhodopsin (bR, see Fig), and the immobilization methods used to generate thin film structures of bR are reviewed, potential applications are presented, and the controversial mechanism of the differential photoelectric response of bR is discussed. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Soldier Syst Ctr, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP He, JA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, 1 Univ Ave, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 91 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 11 IS 6 BP 435 EP + DI 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199904)11:6<435::AID-ADMA435>3.3.CO;2-L PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 196JZ UT WOS:000080306400005 ER PT J AU Scheffer, RE Bradley, JC Mahadik, SP AF Scheffer, RE Bradley, JC Mahadik, SP TI Lipid peroxidation and phospholipase A2, possible mechanism for EPUFA changes in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Psychiat & Hlth Behav, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. VA Med Ctr, Med Res Serv, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 91 BP 29S EP 29S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600093 ER PT J AU Markowitz, LE Sirisopana, N Charonwatanachokchai, A Julvanichpong, W Siraprapasiri, T Palanuvej, T Siriwongrangsun, P Tungsakul, V Pumratana, K Chitwarakorn, A Michael, RA Brown, AE AF Markowitz, LE Sirisopana, N Charonwatanachokchai, A Julvanichpong, W Siraprapasiri, T Palanuvej, T Siriwongrangsun, P Tungsakul, V Pumratana, K Chitwarakorn, A Michael, RA Brown, AE TI Feasibility of a preventive HIV-1 vaccine cohort among persons attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 incidence; sexually transmitted diseases; Asia; Thailand; vaccine ID EFFICACY TRIALS; BEHAVIOR; PROGRAM; MEN; SEROCONVERSION; INFECTION; DECLINE; BANGKOK AB Persons attending sexually transmitted disease clinics at three sites in Thailand were recruited to participate in a I-year study of HIV-1 incidence. Between September 1995 and February 1996, 31% (371 of 1205) of eligible men and 24% (161 of 659) of eligible women agreed to participate. At enrollment, HIV-1 seropositivity was 3.8% among men and 2.5% among women. Follow-up of the 514 participants who were seronegative at baseline was 78% at the 12-month visit. During the study period, 53% of men reported 2 or more sexual partners, 31% reported sex with a commercial sex worker (CSW), and 33% with a casual partner. Of those visiting CSWs, 72% reported consistent condom use. Among women, 11% reported 2 or more sexual partners. Decreased HIV risk behaviors among men were observed during the study. Four incident infections occurred in men (1.4/100 person-years, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.4-3.6) and none among women. Based on the observed HIV-I incidence, HIV vaccine efficacy trials in such populations would have to be larger than previously planned or more selective of high risk subgroups for recruitment. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Bang Ruk Hosp, Venereal Dis Control Div, Bangkok, Thailand. Venereal Dis & AIDS Control Ctr 3, Chonburi, Thailand. Lampang Provincial Hlth Off, Lampang, Thailand. RP Markowitz, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 20 IS 5 BP 488 EP 494 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 189EX UT WOS:000079892400012 PM 10225232 ER PT J AU Jordan, RE Andreas, EL Makshtas, AP AF Jordan, RE Andreas, EL Makshtas, AP TI Heat budget of snow-covered sea ice at North Pole 4 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Review ID SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; THRESHOLD WIND-SPEEDS; PROFILE RELATIONSHIPS; DRAG COEFFICIENTS; SCALAR ROUGHNESS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WEDDELL SEA; PACK ICE; MODEL; VALIDATION AB The Russian drifting station North Pole 4 (NP-4) was within 5 degrees latitude of the North Pole from April 1956 to April 1957. We use a wide-ranging set of snow and meteorological data collected at 3-hourly intervals on NP-4 during this period to investigate energy and mass transfer in the snow, sea ice, and atmospheric surface layer in the central Arctic. SNTHERM, a one-dimensional energy and mass balance model, synthesizes these diverse NP-4 data and thereby yields energetically consistent time series of the components of the surface heat budget. To parameterize the sensible heat flux during extremely stable stratification, we replace the usual log-linear stability function with the "Dutch" formulation and introduce a windless coefficient in the bulk parameterization. This coefficient provides sensible heat transfer at the surface, even when the mean wind speed is near zero, and thereby prevents the surface temperature from falling to unrealistically low values, a common modeling problem when the stratification is very stable. Several other modifications to SNTHERM introduce procedures for creating a realistic snowpack that has continuously variable density and is subject to erosion and wind packing. The NP-4 data provide for two distinct simulations: one on 2-year ice and one on multiyear ice. We validate our modeling by comparing simulated and observed temperatures at various depths in the snow and sea ice. Simulations for both sites show the same tendencies. During the summer, the shortwave radiation is the main term in the surface heat budget. Shortwave radiation also penetrates into the snow and causes a subsurface temperature maximum that both the data and the model capture. During the winter, the net longwave balance is the main term in the surface heat budget. The snow and sea ice cool in response to longwave losses, but the flux of sensible heat from the air to the surface mitigates these losses and is thus nearly a mirror image of the emitted longwave flux. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg 199397, Russia. RP USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM rjordan@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 112 TC 97 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 104 IS C4 BP 7785 EP 7806 DI 10.1029/1999JC900011 PG 22 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 187KA UT WOS:000079784700013 ER PT J AU Rose, PG Bundy, BN Watkins, EB Thigpen, JT Deppe, G Maiman, MA Clarke-Pearson, DL Insalaco, S AF Rose, PG Bundy, BN Watkins, EB Thigpen, JT Deppe, G Maiman, MA Clarke-Pearson, DL Insalaco, S TI Concurrent cisplatin-based radiotherapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; DOSE-RATE BRACHYTHERAPY; POOR-PROGNOSIS CANCER; TERM FOLLOW-UP; PHASE I-II; RADIATION-THERAPY; UTERINE CERVIX; TREATMENT TIME; NECK-CANCER AB Background and Methods On behalf of the Gynecologic Oncology Group, we performed a randomized trial of radiotherapy in combination with three concurrent chemotherapy regimens - cisplatin alone; cisplatin, fluorouracil, and hydroxyurea; and hydroxyurea alone - in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Women with primary untreated invasive squamous-cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, or adenocarcinoma of the cervix of stage IIB, III, or IVA, without involvement of the para-aortic lymph nodes, were enrolled. The patients had to have a leukocyte count of at least 3000 per cubic millimeter, a platelet count of at least 100,000 per cubic millimeter, a serum creatinine level no higher than 2 mg per deciliter (177 mu mol per liter), and adequate hepatic function. All patients received external-beam radiotherapy according to a strict protocol. Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three chemotherapy regimens: 40 mg of cisplatin per square meter of body-surface area per week for six weeks (group 1); 50 mg of cisplatin per square meter on days 1 and 29, followed by 4 g of fluorouracil per square meter given as a 96-hour infusion on days 1 and 29, and 2 g of oral hydroxyurea per square meter twice weekly for six weeks (group 2); or 3 g of oral hydroxyurea per square meter twice weekly for six weeks (group 3). Results The analysis included 526 women. The median duration of follow-up was 35 months. Both groups that received cisplatin had a higher rate of progression-free survival than the group that received hydroxyurea alone (P<0.001 for both comparisons). The relative risks of progression of disease or death were 0.57 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.42 to 0.78) in group 1 and 0.55 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.40 to 0.75) in group 2, as compared with group 3. The overall survival rate was significantly higher in groups 1 and 2 than in group 3, with relative risks of death of 0.61 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.44 to 0.85) and 0.58 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.41 to 0.81), respectively. Conclusions Regimens of radiotherapy and chemotherapy that contain cisplatin improve the rates of survival and progression-free survival among women with locally advanced cervical cancer. (N Engl J Med 1999;340:1144-53.) (C)1999. Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 Univ Hosp Cleveland, Dept Reprod Biol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Gynecol Oncol Grp, Buffalo, NY USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Radiat Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Mississippi, Dept Med, Sch Med, Div Oncol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. Hutzel Hosp, Div Gynecol Oncol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. Duke Univ, Sch Med, Div Gynecol Oncol, Durham, NC USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Multicare Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Rose, PG (reprint author), Gynecol Oncol Grp, Adm Off, Suite 1945,1234 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 37517, CA 27469] NR 64 TC 1326 Z9 1395 U1 5 U2 37 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 340 IS 15 BP 1144 EP 1153 DI 10.1056/NEJM199904153401502 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185TZ UT WOS:000079687700002 PM 10202165 ER PT J AU Kiselev, AA Kim, KW Stroscio, MA AF Kiselev, AA Kim, KW Stroscio, MA TI Computing carrier interactions with confined and excluded phonons in nanostructures of complex geometries SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM WIRES; OPTICAL ANISOTROPY; SCATTERING RATES; WELLS AB We provide a simple and highly effective procedure for calculating quantities such as electron scattering rates involving confined and excluded phonons for quantum wires of arbitrary geometry. This problem is particularly difficult to solve by the usual summation procedure as well as by alternative treatments proposed thus Car. To demonstrate the strength of our approach, we produce exact analytical results in the case of a quantum well. As a numerical example, we consider a classic T-shaped structure with different sizes and radii of curvature at the intersections. We examine the possibility of manipulating structural characteristics such as electron-phonon scattering rates by making minor modifications to the quantum wire cross-sectional geometries. [S0163-1829(99)11215-3]. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kiselev, AA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 15 BP 10212 EP 10216 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.10212 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 190JG UT WOS:000079958900097 ER PT J AU Rudin, S Reinecke, TL AF Rudin, S Reinecke, TL TI Oscillator model for vacuum Rabi splitting in microcavities SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CAVITY; ABSORPTION; ATOMS AB The vacuum-field Rabi splitting of an optical mode in a cavity interacting with a system of N excitations (atomic or electronic) represented by harmonic oscillators is obtained quantum mechanically both without and with coupling to dissipation. The optical lineshapes and the scaling of the Rabi splitting with the number of oscillators and its dependence on the damping parameters are given. Corresponding results are given for a classical treatment of the oscillators, and it is shown that to the leading order in the dissipation, the quantum mechanical results for absorption are the same as the classical ones. [S0163-1829(99)09515-6]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rudin, S (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 15 BP 10227 EP 10233 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.10227 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 190JG UT WOS:000079958900099 ER PT J AU Blair, PJ Riley, JL Harlan, DM Francomano, TE Perfetto, SJ Kirk, AD June, CH AF Blair, PJ Riley, JL Harlan, DM Francomano, TE Perfetto, SJ Kirk, AD June, CH TI Coligation of CD40L (CD154) and CD3 results in CD4(+) T cell activation and the induction of apoptosis. SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN, Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. US Mil, HIV Res Program, Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 67 IS 7 MA 500 BP S131 EP S131 DI 10.1097/00007890-199904150-00528 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 189ND UT WOS:000079910700527 ER PT J AU Kirk, A Burkly, L Celniker, A Batty, S Berning, J Fechner, J Germond, R Kampen, R Patterson, N Swanson, J Tadaki, D White, L Knechtle, S Harlan, D AF Kirk, A Burkly, L Celniker, A Batty, S Berning, J Fechner, J Germond, R Kampen, R Patterson, N Swanson, J Tadaki, D White, L Knechtle, S Harlan, D TI Long-term rejection-free survival in primate allotransplantation with costimulation blockade SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Wisconsin Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Biogen Inc, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. Genet Inst, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. RI Fechner, John/C-5962-2016 OI Fechner, John/0000-0002-8220-7237 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 67 IS 7 MA 2 BP S7 EP S7 DI 10.1097/00007890-199904150-00030 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 189ND UT WOS:000079910700031 ER PT J AU Arness, M Canham, M Feighner, B Hoedebecke, E Cuthie, J Polyak, C Skillman, DR English, J Jenkins, C Barker, T Cieslak, T Taylor, DN AF Arness, M Canham, M Feighner, B Hoedebecke, E Cuthie, J Polyak, C Skillman, DR English, J Jenkins, C Barker, T Cieslak, T Taylor, DN TI Norwalk-like viral gastroenteritis in US army trainees - Texas, 1998 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 48, pg 225-227, 1999) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. CDC, Viral Gastroenterol Sect & Infect Dis Pathol Act, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Arness, M (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 14 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 14 BP 1266 EP 1266 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 184TC UT WOS:000079628700014 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW Yang, YC AF Wagner, GW Yang, YC TI C-13 CP-MAS NMR studies of S-alkyl-1,4-dithianium salts: conformational motion in the solid state SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE LA English DT Article DE C-13 CP-MAS NMR; dithianium salts; cyclic sulfonium ions; conformational motion; mustard AB S-(2-chloroethyl)-1,4-dithianium, a persistent solid degradation product of mustard and the major constituent of ''mustard heels", exhibits motional line-broadening in its C-13 CP-MAS NMR spectrum. Variable temperature examination of the compound and a series of related S-alkyl-1,4-dithianium and thianium salts demonstrates the generality of the motion in these cyclic sulfonium salts. The underlying motional process for the carbons in the six-member rings cannot be attributed to ring rotation, the classical interpretation for cyclohexane, but is consistent with conformational motion. Solid dithiane, and the low temperature phases of cyclohexane and thiane were also studied by variable temperature C-13 MAS NMR to contrast the behavior of these neutral rings with the cyclic sulfonium salts. Distinguishing characteristics of the conformational mechanism include smaller E-a' s (2.3-6.1 kcal/mol) and line-broadening (400-600 Hz), compared to the ring-rotation mechanism operative in solid dithiane (12.9 kcal/mol, 1300 Hz) and the low-temperature phase of cyclohexane (11.4 kcal/mol, 925 Hz). The values for the low-temperature phase of thiane (3.8 kcal/mol, 525 Hz) are more consistent with conformational motion rather than hindered-rotation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. ALI rights reserved. C1 Geocenters Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, European Res Off, USARDSG UK, FPO, AE 09499 USA. RP Wagner, GW (reprint author), Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch Box 68, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2860 J9 J MOL STRUCT JI J. Mol. Struct. PD APR 13 PY 1999 VL 479 IS 1 BP 93 EP 101 DI 10.1016/S0022-2860(98)00810-2 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 177HG UT WOS:000079204100011 ER PT J AU Hemphill, RR Santen, SA Rountree, CB Szmit, AR AF Hemphill, RR Santen, SA Rountree, CB Szmit, AR TI Patients' understanding of the roles of interns, residents, and attending physicians in the emergency department SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE medical ethics; medical education; emergency department; interns; residents; attending physicians; patients ID MEDICAL-ETHICS; CARE AB Objective: To assess patients' knowledge of the responsibilities and roles of physician training in the ED. Methods: This was a prospective survey of a convenience sample of 345 adult patients and family members in an academic county ED. Thirty questions addressed the different roles, responsibilities, and hierarchies of physician levels of training. Four opinion-based questions assessed patients' willingness to have physicians-in-training care for them. Results: 96.5% of the surveys were returned. Of the participants responding, 68% were Hispanic, 23% were non-Hispanic white, and 55% were women. Forty percent of the participants indicated that they had education greater than a high school diploma. Most participants answered fewer than 50% of the questions correctly, indicating that they did not understand the levels of physician training. Participants with higher education were more likely to know the correct answer. Seventy-nine percent of the participants believed that it is very important to know the level of training of their physicians. However, only 34% of the participants actually thought they knew the training level of their physicians when they were being treated. Twenty-nine percent of the participants did not want learning to take place on themselves by physicians-in-training. Conclusion: Participants believe that it is important to know their physicians' level of training, but they do not understand the roles and responsibilities of physicians-in-training in the medical training system in which they receive care. In particular, patients who have less than a high school education seem to know least about this system. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Emergency Med Residency, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Santen, SA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Emergency Med, 703 Oxford House, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. NR 19 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 3 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 6 IS 4 BP 339 EP 344 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1999.tb00399.x PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 187PT UT WOS:000079796100017 PM 10230987 ER PT J AU Strawn, RC Kenwright, DN Ahmad, J AF Strawn, RC Kenwright, DN Ahmad, J TI Computer visualization of vortex wake systems SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 MR Technol Solut, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. MCAT Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Strawn, RC (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 6 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 EI 1533-385X J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 4 BP 511 EP 512 DI 10.2514/2.744 PG 2 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 180YH UT WOS:000079413100015 ER PT J AU Green, KL Szeliga, KT Bowen, CA Kautz, MA Azarov, AV Grant, KA AF Green, KL Szeliga, KT Bowen, CA Kautz, MA Azarov, AV Grant, KA TI Comparison of ethanol metabolism in male and female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE metabolism; ethanol; monkey; menstrual cycle ID ACUTE ALCOHOL-INTOXICATION; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE PHASE; DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY; WOMEN; BLOOD; MEN; ELIMINATION; PERFORMANCE; PSYCHOMOTOR; TOLERANCE AB The physiological consequences of drinking ethanol differ among men and women; however, the biological basis of this gender difference is unknown. Our study characterized sex-related blood ethanol concentration (BEC) 60 min postethanol administration and ethanol elimination rates in male and female monkeys and across the phases of the menstrual cycle. Subjects were male (n = 4) and female (n = 4) cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) with a history of ethanol exposure and maintained at a lean body weight by food restriction. On three separate occasions, each monkey was administered 1.0 g/kg ethanol intragastrically and blood samples (20 mu l) were collected every 60 min over a 5-hr period. For females, three phases of the menstrual cycle were determined by the presence of menses and plasma progesterone levels. There was no effect of menstrual cycle on mean 60 min BECs or mean rates of elimination. Mean BECs 60 min after 1.0 g/kg ethanol were: males = 86 mg/dl (+/- 2; n = 4) and females = 82 mg/dl (+/- 5; n = 4). There was no effect of sex on the highest BEC measured, which occurred at the 60 min time point in all subjects: Female monkeys did have faster average rates of ethanol elimination [34 +/- 2 (mg/dl)/hr] compared with males [23 +/- 1 (mg/dl)/hr]. The sex differences in metabolism of ethanol found with the macaque monkey model correlates well with human subject studies and suggests this is an appropriate model to further explore gender differences in response to ethanol. C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Harvard Univ, McLean Hosp, Sch Med, Alcohol & Drug Abuse Res Ctr, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. RP Grant, KA (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA10009, R01 AA10254, T32AA07565] NR 50 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD APR PY 1999 VL 23 IS 4 BP 611 EP 616 DI 10.1097/00000374-199904001-00007 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 189XK UT WOS:000079931300008 PM 10235296 ER PT J AU Bartz, C AF Bartz, C TI It all starts with an idea SO ALZHEIMER DISEASE & ASSOCIATED DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE research training; grant writing AB Great ideas make gnat research and provide the researcher with the shapes for growing the idea in an organized fashion. Successful research ideas are interesting, important, researchable, and doable. This article describes one way of organizing great ideas into successful research by using the research process, beginning with conceptualization/design and literature review, and proceeding through the articulation of the framework, purpose, assumptions, limitations, definitions, and hypotheses/research questions. Following the logical progression of the conceputalization of the idea will help the researcher to complete the grant application and be ready to develop and execute the methodology of the study. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Regulatory Compliance & Qual, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Bartz, C (reprint author), 626 E Kilbourn Ave,902, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P30AG13846]; NINR NIH HHS [R25NR04735] NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-0341 J9 ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS JI Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 13 SU 1 BP S106 EP S110 DI 10.1097/00002093-199904001-00022 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 269HX UT WOS:000084471700022 PM 10369529 ER PT J AU Oberste, MS Schmura, SM Weaver, SC Smith, JF AF Oberste, MS Schmura, SM Weaver, SC Smith, JF TI Geographic distribution of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus subtype IE genotypes in Central America and Mexico SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CULEX MELANOCONION TAENIOPUS; E2 GLYCOPROTEIN; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; IDENTIFICATION; GUATEMALA; STRAIN AB Phylogenetic analysis of 20 strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus subtype IE isolated from 1961 to 1996 in Mexico and throughout Central America showed that VEE virus subtype IE was monophyletic with respect to other VEE virus subtypes. Nonetheless, there were at least three distinct geographically separated VEE virus LE genotypes: northwestern Panama, Pacific coast (Mexico/Guatemala), and Gulf/Caribbean coast (Mexico/Belize). Strains from the Caribbean coast of Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua may cluster with the Gulf/Caribbean genotype, but additional isolates from the region between Guatemala and Panama will be required to firmly establish their phylogenetic position. Viruses associated with two separate equine epizootics in Mexico in the 1990s were phylogenetically related to nonepizootic viruses from neighboring Guatemala and may represent the emergence or re-emergence of equine-virulent VEE virus subtype IE in Middle America. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Ctr Trop Dis, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Oberste, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Mailstop G-17,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011 NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 4 BP 630 EP 634 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 198TA UT WOS:000080439200024 PM 10348239 ER PT J AU Golenda, CF Solberg, VB Burge, R Gambel, JM Wirtz, RA AF Golenda, CF Solberg, VB Burge, R Gambel, JM Wirtz, RA TI Gender-related efficacy difference to an extended duration formulation of topical N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RELEASE REPELLENT FORMULATIONS; 3 CLIMATIC REGIMENS; SAND FLIES DIPTERA; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; LABORATORY EVALUATION; FIELD-EVALUATION; PSYCHODIDAE; PERMETHRIN; CULICIDAE; MOSQUITOS AB A clinical trial (n = 120, 60 males and 60 females) was conducted to assess the efficacy of an extended duration tropical insect/arthropod repellent (EDTIAR) topical formulation of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET). The amount of EDTIAR (mean +/- confidence interval), applied by participants in accordance with label directions, was not significantly different between females (3.66 +/- 0.32 mg/cm(2)) and males (3.35 +/- 0.33 mg/cm(2)). There also was no significant difference in the number of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes biting the control arm of females or males at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hr. While gender had no effect on feeding, the time of day did effect mosquito feeding with fewer mosquitoes feeding in the afternoon than in the morning or evening. The percent protective efficacy at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 hr was 100.0, 99.3, 92.8, 79.7 and 66.3 for females, and 100.0, 100.0, 97.6, 91.9, and 77.5 for males. These data are inconsistent with the EDTIAR label claim that the repellent provides 95% or greater protection against mosquitoes for 12 hr or more under normal use conditions. The results of a multivariate regression analysis indicated that 1) protection decreased linearly as time after application of repellent increased (P < 0.001), 2) individuals who applied higher doses of repellent were better protected against mosquito bites (P < 0.001), 3) females experienced significantly less protection over time than did males (P = 0.005), and 4) the estradiol concentration in the blood had no effect on efficacy of the repellent (P = 0.110). C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biometr, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA. RP Golenda, CF (reprint author), Joint Vaccine Acquisit Program, 1436 Porter St,Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 21 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 4 BP 654 EP 657 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 198TA UT WOS:000080439200028 PM 10348243 ER PT J AU Vaughn, DW Nisalak, A Solomon, T Kalayanarooj, S Dung, NM Kneen, R Cuzzubbo, A Devine, PL AF Vaughn, DW Nisalak, A Solomon, T Kalayanarooj, S Dung, NM Kneen, R Cuzzubbo, A Devine, PL TI Rapid serologic diagnosis of dengue virus infection using a commercial capture ELISA that distinguishes primary and secondary infections SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ANTIBODY; RESPONSES; MOSQUITOS; ANTIGEN AB A commercial capture ELISA for specific IgM and IgG antibodies produced during dengue infection (PanBio Dengue Due) showed excellent sensitivity (99%, n = 78) using sera collected at hospital discharge compared with established ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays. Furthermore, the ELISA was able to diagnose 79% of the dengue cases using sera collected at hospital admission. The ELISA also showed high specificity (92%) in paired sera from patients without flavivirus infection (n = 26), although 45% of the patients with Japanese encephalitis (n = 20) showed elevation of IgG but not IgM. The IgG capture ELISA showed good correlation with the HAI assay (r = 0.83, P < 0.0001), and IgG levels could be used to distinguish between primary and secondary infection, with 100% of primary infections and 96% of secondary infections being correctly classified. This ELISA should prove useful in the clinical diagnosis of dengue infections. C1 USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Wellcome Trust Clin Res Unit, Ho Chi Mihn City, Vietnam. Cho Quan Hosp, Ctr Trop Dis, Pediat Intens Care Unit, Ho Chi Mihn City, Vietnam. Bangkok Childrens Hosp, Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. PanBio Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Vaughn, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 36 TC 110 Z9 113 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 4 BP 693 EP 698 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 198TA UT WOS:000080439200035 PM 10348250 ER PT J AU Dinsmore, RC Calton, WC AF Dinsmore, RC Calton, WC TI Prevention of adhesions to polypropylene mesh in a rabbit model SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID ABDOMINAL-WALL DEFECTS; MULTICENTER; MEMBRANE; REPAIR AB The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative model for evaluating adhesion formation and to determine whether Seprafilm (HAL-F) bioresorbable membrane (Genzyme Corp., Cambridge, MA) is effective in preventing adhesions to polypropylene mesh (PPM). PPM has been shown to be an effective material for the repair of abdominal wall defects. One disadvantage of PPM is its tendency to form dense adhesions when in contact with abdominal viscera. HAL-F, a sodium hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose absorbable membrane, has been shown to prevent adhesion formation after midline closures. Its efficacy in preventing adhesions to PPM has not been examined previously. A 5 x 7-cm anterior abdominal wall defect was created in 24 New Zealand White rabbits. This defect was then repaired with PPM. In the experimental group, a 5 x 7-cm piece of HAL-F was placed between the mesh and the abdominal viscera. At 30 days, the animals were killed and adhesions were categorized and quantified using digital image analysis of inked specimens. The strength of mesh incorporation into surrounding tissues was also examined using an Instron tensiometer. The formation of adhesions between the viscera and mesh repair was significantly reduced by the use of HAL-F. The surface area involved for bowel adhesions was reduced 94 per cent (P = 0.00132). The strength of incorporation was not adversely affected. HAL-F is highly effective in preventing adhesions to PPM, without adversely effecting the strength of mesh incorporation. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Dinsmore, RC (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 7 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 65 IS 4 BP 383 EP 387 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 180KR UT WOS:000079385500021 PM 10190369 ER PT J AU Schweitzer, RC Morris, JB AF Schweitzer, RC Morris, JB TI The development of a quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) for the prediction of dielectric constants using neural networks SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE polarizability; descriptors; neural networks ID ION MOBILITY CONSTANTS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; REGRESSION-ANALYSIS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; BOILING POINTS; DESCRIPTORS; CALIBRATION; INFORMATION; SIMULATION; ALGORITHM AB The use of quantitative structure property relationships (QSPRs) is proposed for the calculation of dielectric constants. A data set of 497 compounds with a wide variety of functional groups is assembled. These compounds span the dielectric constant range 1-40. A total of 65 molecular descriptors is calculated for these compounds. These descriptors include the dipole moment, polarizability, counts of elemental types, an indicator of hydrogen bonding capability, charged partial surface area descriptors, and molecular connectivity descriptors. Subsets of these descriptors are used to build models in an attempt to find the best possible correlation between chemical structure and dielectric constant. A total of 70000 models are examined. Neural networks using the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) training algorithm are employed to build the models. A total of 191 models have test set errors less than 2.0 and training set errors less than 3.0, where the errors are calculated as the mean of the absolute values of the residuals for sets of 97 and 350 compounds, respectively. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, BD, WM,AMSRL, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Morris, JB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, BD, WM,AMSRL, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 60 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 384 IS 3 BP 285 EP 303 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(98)00781-8 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 178WM UT WOS:000079292200005 ER PT J AU Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV Hoffland, LD AF Nassar, AEF Lucas, SV Hoffland, LD TI Determination of chemical warfare agent degradation products at low-part-per-billion levels in aqueous samples and sub-part-per-million levels in soils using capillary electrophoresis SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALKYL METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACIDS; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; ALKYLPHOSPHONIC ACIDS; CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB A significant enhancement in the method detection limits is observed in the analysis of chemical warfare agent (CWA) degradation products in environmental samples by capillary electrophoresis (CE) using electrokinetic injection. The CE method uses indirect UV detection of the nonderivitized acidic analyte and a cationic surfactant, didodecyldimethylammonium hydroxide, for reversal of the electroosmotic flow. Analytes studied include the dibasic acid methylphosphonic acid (MPA) and its monoacid/monoalkyl esters, RMPA, where R = ethyl, isopropyl, and pinacolyl (2-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)). The CE method uses an attractive buffer system which is highly stable and inexpensive, and, in addition to reversing the electroosmotic now, provides excellent separation efficiencies within a 3-min run, This CE method is also free from interference caused by carbonate, humic acids, and fluoride, Compared to pressure injection, electrokinetic injection with this CE buffer system provided substantially lower detection limits, up to 100-fold lower for samples in reagent water. However, to best realize the benefits of the electrokinetic injection enhancement for environmental samples, a prior cleanup of the sample using standard ion-exchange cartridges is necessary. This cleanup step uses sequential cartridges to remove sulfate (barium cartridge), chloride (silver cartridge), and cations.(H+ cartridge). Using this approach, detection limits for these four acids were as low as 1-2 mu g/L for water samples and 25-50 mu g/L for aqueous leachates of soil samples (10 mt of leachate/1.5 g of soil). The utility of this method for separation of CWA degradation products by CE is discussed in terms of pressure injection versus electokinetic injection. The effects of voltage and time of injection on the separation were investigated. Results from three types of soils and four types of water (groundwater, artificial seawater, tap water, bay water) indicated that the method has potential for environmental monitoring. Quantitative CE analysis with electrokinetic injection enhancement of detection limits of these types of environmental samples requires the use of an appropriate internal standard approach. The data presented here indicate that an internal standard-based approach could be expected to give analysis results in the sub-part-per-million concentration range of 90-110% of the true value. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Bel Air, MD 21015 USA. USA, Mat Command Treaty Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Nassar, AEF (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 2012 Tollgate Rd, Bel Air, MD 21015 USA. NR 38 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 71 IS 7 BP 1285 EP 1292 DI 10.1021/ac980886d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 184DE UT WOS:000079593900017 PM 10204034 ER PT J AU Looareesuwan, S Wilairatana, P Krudsood, S Treeprasertsuk, S Singhasivanon, P Bussaratid, V Chokjindachai, W Viriyavejakul, P Chalermrut, K Walsh, DS White, NJ AF Looareesuwan, S Wilairatana, P Krudsood, S Treeprasertsuk, S Singhasivanon, P Bussaratid, V Chokjindachai, W Viriyavejakul, P Chalermrut, K Walsh, DS White, NJ TI Chloroquine sensitivity of Plasmodium vivax in Thailand SO ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MALARIA; PRIMAQUINE; RESISTANT; PHARMACOKINETICS; CHILDREN AB Chloroquine has been the standard treatment for Plasmodium vivax malaria for more than 40 years in most regions of the world. Recently, however, chloroquine-resistant P. vivax has been reported from Oceania, several parts of Asia, and South America. In order to assess the situation in Thailand, 886 patients with vivax malaria who were admitted to the Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases from 1992 to 1997 were followed prospectively. Most of the patients had been infected on the western border of Thailand and were experiencing their first malarial infection when admitted. All received oral chloroquine (approximately 25 mg base/kg body weight, administered over 3 days) and then were randomized to receive primaquine (15 mg daily for 14 days) or no further treatment. All the patients were initially responsive to chloroquine, clearing their parasitaemias within 7 days, and there were no significant differences in the clinical or parasitological responses between those treated with primaquine and those given no further treatment. Plasmodium vivax parasitaemias re-appeared within 28 days of chloroquine treatment in just four patients. In each of these four cases, re-treatment with the same regimen of chloroquine resulted in eradication of the parasitaemia, with no further appearance of parasitaemia during the next, 28-day, follow-up period. These data indicate that virtually ail acute (i.e, blood-stage) P. vivax infections acquired in Thailand can still be successfully treated with chloroquine. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Wellcome Unit, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, USA Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. RP Looareesuwan, S (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Wellcome Unit, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012 NR 14 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0003-4983 J9 ANN TROP MED PARASIT JI Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 93 IS 3 BP 225 EP 230 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 204ZK UT WOS:000080796400002 PM 10562823 ER PT J AU Hidalgo, M Rinaldi, D Medina, G Griffin, T Turner, J Von Hoff, DD AF Hidalgo, M Rinaldi, D Medina, G Griffin, T Turner, J Von Hoff, DD TI A phase I trial of topical topitriol (calcitriol, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3) to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia SO ANTI-CANCER DRUGS LA English DT Article DE chemotherapy-induced alopecia; phase I trial; vitamin D-3 AB This study evaluated the toxicity and efficacy of topical topitriol (calcitriol, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3) to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA). Patients with breast cancer scheduled to receive FAC chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide) were eligible for the study. Initially, the first six patients were randomized in a double-blind fashion to have received topitriol or placebo with all subsequent patients being treated with topitriol, Topitriol cream (0.0025 or 0.005%; 25 and 50 mu g/g concentration) was administered topically twice a day. Three different doses and schedules of administration were evaluated including: 500 and 1000 mu g daily for 7 days prior to chemotherapy, and 2000 mu g daily for 5 days prior and 5 days post-chemotherapy. Fourteen patients were treated (12 with topitriol and two with placebo) at three different dose levels. All patients developed grade 2 alopecia between day 20 and 30 after chemotherapy, demonstrating the lack of efficacy of topical topitriol on this schedule of administration to prevent CIA. Eight patients exposed to topitriol developed a toxic maculopapular dermatitis in areas exposed to the drug. In conclusion, topical topitriol at the doses and schedules evaluated in this trial was ineffective to prevent CIA and induced a local dermatitis in areas exposed to the drug. [(C) 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.]. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Hoffmann La Roche Inc, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA. RP Hidalgo, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, 8122 Datapoint Dr,Suite 700, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 6 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0959-4973 J9 ANTI-CANCER DRUG JI Anti-Cancer Drugs PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 4 BP 393 EP 395 DI 10.1097/00001813-199904000-00007 PG 3 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 201CY UT WOS:000080578200007 PM 10378674 ER PT J AU Kuklo, TR Taylor, KF Murphy, KP Islinger, RB Heekin, RD Baker, CL AF Kuklo, TR Taylor, KF Murphy, KP Islinger, RB Heekin, RD Baker, CL TI Arthroscopic release for lateral epicondylitis: A cadaveric model SO ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE arthroscopy; elbow; lateral epicondylitis; portal anatomy ID ELBOW ARTHROSCOPY; TENNIS ELBOW; ANATOMY AB At least 10 different surgical approaches to refractory lateral epicondylitis have been described, including an arthroscopic release of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon. The advantages of an arthroscopic approach include an opportunity to examine the joint for associated pathology, no disruption of the extensor mechanism, and a rapid return to premorbid activities with possibly fewer complications. A cadaveric study was performed to determine the safety of this procedure. Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric upper extremities underwent arthroscopic visualization of the extensor tendon and release of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon. The specimens were randomized with regard to the use of either a 2.7-mm or a 4.0-mm 30 degrees arthroscope through modified medial and lateral portals. Following this, the arthroscope remained in the joint, and the portal, cannula track, and surgical release site were dissected to determine the distance between the cannula and the radial, median, ulnar, lateral antebrachial, and posterior antebrachial nerves, and the brachial artery and the ulnar collateral ligament. No direct lacerations of neurovascular structures were identified; however, the varying course of the lateral and posterior antebrachial nerves place these superficial sensory nerves at risk during portal placement. As in previous reports, the radial nerve was consistently in close proximity to the proximal lateral portal (3 to 10 mm; mean, 5.4 mm). The ulnar collateral ligament was not destabilized. Arthroscopic release of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon appears to be a safe, reliable, and reproducible procedure for refractory lateral epicondylitis. Cadaveric dissection confirms these findings. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Hughston Sports Med Fdn Inc, Hughston Clin, Columbus, GA USA. RP Murphy, KP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 26 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD APR PY 1999 VL 15 IS 3 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1016/S0749-8063(99)70031-9 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 182PP UT WOS:000079507600005 PM 10231102 ER PT J AU Santee, WR Kraning, KK Matthew, WT AF Santee, WR Kraning, KK Matthew, WT TI Modeling analysis of women litter bearers during heat stress SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE women; modeling; heat stress; chemical protective clothing AB Background: The majority of military physiological studies have been conducted on men. Consequently most physiological modeling is based on male performance. This study obtained data on women performing military tasks under hot-dry field conditions. Results for rectal temperature (Trf) and heart rate (HR) were compared with values generated by the SCENARIO physiological model. Methods: Three skin surface temperatures, T-re, and HR were collected while four female subjects participated in walking or two-person litter carriage (68 kg load) in regular battledress and with full chemical protection at Yuma Proving Ground, AZ. Metabolic rates were measured prior to the test days. Meteorological data were also recorded. Results: Overall, the potential for thermal stress decreased over the four test days, with air temperature dropping from 39.4 degrees to 35.5 degrees C. Whole body metabolic values were 364 W (walking), 91 W (standing), and 492 W (litter carriage). Endurance times (160 min maximum) for walking were 140 min in Mission Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP)-0 and 29 min in MOPP-4. For litter carriage, the average times were 59 min in MOPP-0 and 43 min in MOPP-Q. A comparison of root mean squared deviation (RMSD) to the mean standard deviation for Tre demonstrated a good fit between the model and mean observed values for the MOPP-0 condition. Observed HRs were greater than predicted by the model. Conclusions: The modeling results support a conclusion that factors other than heat stress limited litter carriage in MOPP-0. Analysis of calculated values for Tre using RMSD supports an assumption that the male-based SCENARIO may be applicable to females. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Santee, WR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 70 IS 4 BP 340 EP 345 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 181RX UT WOS:000079457000009 PM 10223271 ER PT J AU Jorgenson, DS Centeno, JA Mayer, MH Topper, MJ Nossov, PC Mullick, FG Manson, PN AF Jorgenson, DS Centeno, JA Mayer, MH Topper, MJ Nossov, PC Mullick, FG Manson, PN TI Biologic response to passive dissolution of titanium craniofacial microplates SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Metal Ions in Biology and Medicine CY MAY 08-10, 1998 CL NEUHERBERG, GERMANY SP Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin, Dept Trace Elements Hlth & Nutr, GSF Forschungszent Umwelt & Gesundheit, Inst Int Rech Ions Metall, G N PHARM Umwelt & Med, Hewlett Packard GmbH, F Kolher Chem, Ursapharm Arzneimittel GmbH, PROTINA GmbH DE titanium; facial bones; electron probe microanalysis; bone plates; biocompatible materials ID IMPLANTS; RELEASE; TISSUE AB The effect of anodization on passive dissolution of titanium was studied by measuring titanium levels in peritoneal leukocytes and tissues of laboratory animals with titanium plates implanted into the peritoneal cavity. Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to three treatment groups of five animals. One group served as controls, the other two groups had an anodized or an unanodized implant placed in the left paracolic gutter. Peritoneal lavage samples and blood samples, organ tissues and tissue surrounding the implants, were removed for histologic examination and titanium levels. Titanium was not detected in any distant organs or in the peritoneal lavage fluid. The capsular tissues surrounding the implants contained titanium at levels ranging from 2610 to 16786 ng/g for unanodized plates, and 888-5933 ng/g for anodized plates. The titanium levels within the peritoneal leukocytes of animals with unanodized implants were significantly elevated (P = 0.01) over time, as compared with controls. The level of titanium in the peritoneal leukocytes of animals with anodized implants was not significantly elevated when compared with controls. Titanium levels in the trace range, as measured in the capsular tissues, are likely a result of corrosion. Surface treatment of titanium by anodization reduces passive dissolution. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Plast & Reconstruct Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Environm & Toxicol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Ctr Adv Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Ctr Environm Toxicol & Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Vet Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Plast Reconstruct & Maxillofacial Surg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Jorgenson, DS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Plast & Reconstruct Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9612 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PD APR PY 1999 VL 20 IS 7 BP 675 EP 682 DI 10.1016/S0142-9612(98)00225-7 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 176XR UT WOS:000079177900009 PM 10208410 ER PT J AU Yankielun, NE Gagnon, JJ AF Yankielun, NE Gagnon, JJ TI Laboratory tests of a time-domain reflectometry system for frazil ice detection SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE frazil ice; trash rack; water intake; icing detection; time-domain reflectometry; TDR ID WATER; SOIL; SENSITIVITY AB A prototype, electromagnetic-based frazil ice detection system (patent pending) has been developed and tested under simulated frazil ice accretion conditions in an environmentally controlled flume. The system employs a time-domain reflectometer (TDR) and specially designed transmission line sensor to monitor the accretion of frazil ice by measuring the propagation time along the sensor when it is submerged. Changes in the round-trip travel time of the TDR pulse result from a decrease in the localized bulk dielectric constant as frazil ice accretes and displaces water around the sensor. Two frazil detection sensor configurations were tested, a parallel transmission line probe and a semicylindrical mesh coaxial probe. During 2 h long experiments, the TDR clearly indicated a decreasing probe propagation time as frazil ice continued to accrete. This is indicative of the decreasing bulk dielectric constant of the frazil ice and water mix. Continuous real-time data from the TDR were recorded. From these data, an estimate of volumetric ice fraction was calculated using a simple linear dielectric mixing equation. Volumetric ice fractions estimates for both probe configurations were calculated to increase from approximately 0.02 to 0.18 during the test. The system shows promise for detection and measurement of frazil ice growth and accretion in freshwater bodies. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Yankielun, NE (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0315-1468 J9 CAN J CIVIL ENG JI Can. J. Civ. Eng. PD APR PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 BP 168 EP 176 DI 10.1139/cjce-26-2-168 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 197YP UT WOS:000080394400005 ER PT J AU Larson, SL Weiss, CA Escalon, BL Parker, D AF Larson, SL Weiss, CA Escalon, BL Parker, D TI Increased extraction efficiency of acetonitrile/water mixtures for explosives determination in plant tissues SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE lyophilization; TNT; RDX; explosives; plants; tissues; scanning electron microscopy ID PHASE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; RETENTION AB The standard extraction technique for analysis of explosives in dried soils for explosives analysis uses an IX hour cooled sonication extraction in acetonitrile(ACN). In order to eliminate possible thermal degradation of explosive analytes during the drying step, water was allowed to act as a modifier for the acetonitrile extraction solvent in extraction of un-dried plant tissues resulted. The modified extraction solvent resulted in more efficient extraction of explosives analytes from these matrices compared to extractions in 100% ACN. In order to understand this increased extraction efficiency, extractions and analyses were performed on plant tissues that had been exposed to contaminated irrigation water with varied extraction solvents. Significant increases in extractability of explosives from plant tissues were noted with increasing water ratios. These observations were investigated using gravimetric, high performance liquid chromatographic, and environmental scanning electron microscopic analysis. The increased efficiency of water modified acetonitrile extraction solvents is explained by a secondary extraction effect. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd Air rights reserved. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Environm Engn Div,Environm Chem Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Struct Lab, Concrete & Mat Div,Engn Sci Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. ASCI Corp, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. RP Larson, SL (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Environm Engn Div,Environm Chem Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 9 BP 2153 EP 2162 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00429-9 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 173LU UT WOS:000078982700018 ER PT J AU Lee, DF Lepler, LS AF Lee, DF Lepler, LS TI Severe intrapulmonary shunting associated with metastatic carcinoid SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE carcinoid syndrome; hepatopulmonary syndrome; hypoxemia ID CIRRHOSIS; HYPOXEMIA AB A 37-year-old woman with a 10-year history of metastatic carcinoid presented to her oncologist with increased dyspnea. Further evaluation revealed hypoxemia and intrapulmonary vasodilatation. We describe a case of hepatopulmonary-like physiology associated with metastatic carcinoid in a patient with intact liver function. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of intrapulmonary shunting and hepatopulmonary-like physiology associated with metastatic carcinoid. C1 Dwight David Eisenhower Army, Ctr Med, Ft Gordon, GA USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD APR PY 1999 VL 115 IS 4 BP 1203 EP 1207 DI 10.1378/chest.115.4.1203 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 185EV UT WOS:000079655900054 PM 10208233 ER PT J AU Tatro, SB AF Tatro, SB TI Dam breaching - The rest of the story SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. RP Tatro, SB (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD APR PY 1999 VL 69 IS 4 BP 50 EP 55 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 183VP UT WOS:000079575000040 ER PT J AU Vollmer, RT Kantoff, PW Dawson, NA Vogelzang, NJ AF Vollmer, RT Kantoff, PW Dawson, NA Vogelzang, NJ TI A prognostic score for hormone-refractory prostate cancer: Analysis of two Cancer and Leukemia Group B studies SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; END-POINT; ANTIGEN; MARKER; CHEMOTHERAPY; THERAPY AB Previously, we have shown that serial measurements of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) can be used to calculate an average relative velocity (rva) of PSA, Together, the level of PSA and the rva formed a two-variable model for survival time that worked at any time during the course of HRPC, Here, we have added serial measurements of hemoglobin and weight to test whether they improve the prior model based on PSA alone. Data from two Cancer and Leukemia Group B studies (9181 and 9182) on HRPC were combined to study the relationship between survival and serial measurements of PSA, serum hemoglobin, and patient weight. Altogether, there were 348 patients who could be evaluated. We used the Cox proportional hazard model for survival time with the interval censored method to accommodate time-dependent covariates, and tests for significance were two sided. Log (PSA), rva, log (hemoglobin), and log [weight (in kg)] were all significantly related to survival time during the course of HRPC (P < 3.0 x 10(-5)). Together, they formed a prognostic score based upon the relative hazard. Higher values of this score implied higher probability of death as the next observed event. Serial measurements of PSA, hemoglobin, and weight provide a prognostic score that can be applied continuously during the course of HRPC, Changes in the score may provide a reproducible measure of treatment effect. C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Lank Ctr Genitourinary Oncol,Dept Adult Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Chicago, Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Sect, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Vollmer, RT (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA47577, CA26806, CA41287] NR 27 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 5 IS 4 BP 831 EP 837 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 185QD UT WOS:000079680300016 PM 10213219 ER PT J AU Nakano, Y AF Nakano, Y TI Water expulsion during soil freezing described by a mathematical model called M-1 SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE water expulsion; soil freezing; M-1 ID QUASI-STEADY PROBLEMS; FROST-HEAVE; ICE LAYER; GROWTH AB It has been shown empirically that when a freezing front advances through a saturated and unfrozen soil, soil water may either be attracted to the freezing front or expelled, depending upon soil type, applied confining pressure, and rate of freezing. In this work, the problem of water expulsion is studied analytically based on a mathematical model called M-1. The condition of water expulsion is found to depend an the properties of a given soil, given thermal and hydraulic conditions. The theoretical predictions are compared with data of Kanto loam and the agreement between them is found to be satisfactory. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Nakano, Y (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD APR PY 1999 VL 29 IS 1 BP 9 EP 30 DI 10.1016/S0165-232X(98)00021-4 PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 203GN UT WOS:000080700100002 ER PT J AU Lang, RM Blaisdell, GL AF Lang, RM Blaisdell, GL TI Passive snow removal at the Pegasus Runway, McMurdo, Antarctica SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE passive snow; Pegasus Runway; Antarctica AB A snow management plan is vital to extensive engineering projects in most cold regions. While drifting snow can be troublesome in temporal snow areas, wind borne snow in the perpetual snow fields of polar regions can become an insurmountable problem. Heavy costs can be incurred by damages to infrastructure and continuous maintenance. During the construction phase of the Pegasus glacial ice runway on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica relatively large amounts of snow and ice were cleared in order for the runway surface to meet basic smoothness requirements. At the conclusion of this project, a considerable amount of snow and ice remained adjacent to the runway in two north-south extending berms. Since the runway was originally constructed on an experimental basis, attention was not focused on developing and executing a snow control plan. After the runway was completed and proved to be robust enough to support multi-year, routine flight operations, concern was raised over the possibility of snow accumulation by drifting adjacent to and on the berm area, eventually inundating the runway. The work reported here was intended to explore passive methods to remove some of the berm material and snow adjacent to the berms. We conclude that vortex fences can be used to remove excess snow at this site, when the snow is less than two years old. Considerable control is available using vortex fences since they can be self-orienting into the wind, causing erosion on the leeward side of the fence regardless of the wind direction. However, the snow making up the majority of the berms at the Pegasus site has sintered enough to be classified as firn and is now too well bonded to be removed by passive wind manipulation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Sigma Technol, Gig Harbor, WA 98335 USA. RP Blaisdell, GL (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Frank, David/E-8213-2012 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD APR PY 1999 VL 29 IS 1 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1016/S0165-232X(99)00005-1 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 203GN UT WOS:000080700100006 ER PT J AU Anderson, WR AF Anderson, WR TI Heats of formation of HNO and some related species SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID PROTON AFFINITY; NITROGEN CHEMISTRY; ENERGY; NO; STATES; PREDISSOCIATION; MOLECULES; MECHANISM; SURFACES; A1A'' AB A critical review of the heat of formation of HNO is presented. This molecule and its thermodynamics parameters play crucial roles in the chemical mechanisms of propellant combustion and NOx pollutant chemistry. It was found that predissociation experiments, which have gone largely unnoticed for about 15 years, lead to a significant revision in the recommended value. The new value, 25.6(-0.1)(+0.6) kcal/mol (298 K; 26.3 kcal/mol at 0 K), is 1 to 2 kcal/mol higher than previous recommendations and has much narrower error limits. Heats of formation of NO, NH2OH, HNO+, and HNO- are also briefly examined, and recommendations are made. (C) 1999 by The Combustion Institute. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Anderson, WR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM willie@arl.army.mil NR 59 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 EI 1556-2921 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD APR PY 1999 VL 117 IS 1-2 BP 394 EP 403 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00077-7 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 162UX UT WOS:000078366200025 ER PT J AU Stojadinovic, A Smallridge, R Nath, J Ding, X Shea-Donohue, T AF Stojadinovic, A Smallridge, R Nath, J Ding, X Shea-Donohue, T TI Anti-inflammatory effects of U74389F in a rat model of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE intestine; ischemia; reperfusion; leukotriene B-4; prostaglandin E-2; neutrophil; lazaroid; U73439F; inflammation; eicosanoid ID REPERFUSION INJURY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; TIRILAZAD MESYLATE; OXYGEN RADICALS; MUCOSAL DAMAGE; TISSUE-INJURY; PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2; LEUKOTRIENE-B4; INFILTRATION AB Objective: To investigate the role of eicosanoid generation and neutrophilic infiltration in the protective effects of U74389F against ischemia/reperfusion injury in the small intestines of rats. Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled study. Setting: University research laboratory, Subjects: Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 200 and 300 g, Interventions: Groups (5-8) of rats treated with U74389F or vehicle were subjected to a sham operation and 30 mins of ischemia by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery or 30 mins of ischemia followed by 60 or 120 mins of reperfusion, U74389F (2.5 mg/kg iv) or vehicle (citrate buffer) were slowly injected 2 mins before ischemia, Measurements and Main Results: Ischemia significantly (p <.05) increased mucosal injury (0 [normal] to 5) in both U74389F and untreated rats. In contrast, U74389F significantly (p <.05) attenuated the severity of injury after reperfusion. In vehicle-treated rats, ischemia/reperfusion significantly reduced villus height in both U74389F and untreated groups. However, the surface epithelial layer was intact in the U74389F but not in the vehicle-treated group, In addition, compared with the vehicle-treated group, U74389F significantly reduced neutrophil infiltration and prevented the increase in leukotriene B-4 and prostaglandin E-2 in response to ischemia and reperfusion, Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the mechanism of U74389F against mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion includes a delay and reduction of neutrophilic infiltrate, an inhibition of leukotriene B-4 production, and a facilitation of mucosal restitution. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shea-Donohue, T (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 31 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 27 IS 4 BP 764 EP 770 DI 10.1097/00003246-199904000-00033 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 193GF UT WOS:000080127000027 PM 10321667 ER PT J AU Harrington, AC Montemarano, A Welch, M Farley, M AF Harrington, AC Montemarano, A Welch, M Farley, M TI Variations of the pursestring suture in skin cancer reconstruction SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID PURSE-STRING SUTURE AB BACKGROUND. The pursestring suture (PSS) utilizes a circumferentially placed intradermal suture to decrease the size of a defect. Its primary application in dermatologic surgery has been to allow placement of a smaller full-thickness skin graft and to enhance secondary intention wound healing. OBJECTIVE. TO present our experience with 3 variations of the PSS. METHODS. The oval defects resulting after surgical excision of cutaneous malignancies were managed with 3 variations of the traditional pursestring technique. These variations included (1) complete closure of the PSS-reduced defect by the placement of traditional interrupted sutures; (2) PSS with the Burow's triangle graft; (3) use of a PSS only part way around an oval defect to avoid distortion of a nearby free margin. RESULTS. In the 7 years of performing these variations of the PSS technique, we have consistently achieved favorable results. CONCLUSION. We report 3 simple-to-use variations of the PSS technique that have been extremely useful in the management of cutaneous malignancies. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Harrington, AC (reprint author), Aspen Mill Profess Bldg,54 Scott Ave Rd,Suite 301, Hunt Valley, MD 21030 USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 25 IS 4 BP 277 EP 281 DI 10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.08150.x PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 188LK UT WOS:000079848300008 PM 10417582 ER PT J AU van der Schalie, WH Gardner, HS Bantle, JA De Rosa, CT Finch, RA Reif, JS Reuter, RH Backer, LC Burger, J Folmar, LC Stokes, WS AF van der Schalie, WH Gardner, HS Bantle, JA De Rosa, CT Finch, RA Reif, JS Reuter, RH Backer, LC Burger, J Folmar, LC Stokes, WS TI Animals as sentinels of human health hazards of environmental chemicals SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE environmental chemicals; FETAX; health hazards; public health; risk assessment; sentinel species ID MILITARY WORKING DOGS; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; VIETNAM SERVICE; PET DOGS; EXPOSURE; RISK; LYMPHOMA; OWNERS; CANCER AB A workshop titled "Using Sentinel Species Data to Address the potential Human Health Effects of Chemicals in the Environment," sponsored by the U.S. Army Center for Environmental Health Research, the National Center for Environmental Assessment of the EPA, and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, was held to consider the use of sentinel and surrogate animal species data for evaluating the potential human health effects of chemicals in the environment. The workshop took a broad view of the sentinel species concept, and included mammalian and nonmammalian species, companion animals, food animals, fish, amphibians, and other wildlife. Sentinel species data included observations of wild animals in field situations as well as experimental animal data. Workshop participants identified potential applications for sentinel species data derived from monitoring programs or serendipitous observations and explored the potential use of such information in human health hazard and risk assessments and for evaluating causes or mechanisms of effect. Although it is unlikely that sentinel species data will be used as the sole determinative factor in evaluating human health concerns, such data can be useful as for additional weight of evidence in a risk assessment, for providing early warning of situations requiring further study, or for monitoring the course of remedial activities. Attention was given to the factors impeding the application of sentinel species approaches and their acceptance in the scientific and regulatory communities. Workshop participants identified a number of critical research needs and opportunities for interagency collaboration that could help advance the use of sentinel species approaches. C1 USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Life Syst Inc, Cleveland, OH 44122 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP van der Schalie, WH (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 8623D,401 M St SW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 55 TC 92 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 16 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD APR PY 1999 VL 107 IS 4 BP 309 EP 315 DI 10.2307/3434599 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 187HZ UT WOS:000079782400023 PM 10090711 ER PT J AU Brown, PH Lant, CL AF Brown, PH Lant, CL TI The effect of wetland mitigation banking on the achievement of no-net-loss SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE mitigation banking; wetlands; army corps of engineers; no-net-loss AB This study determines whether the 68 wetland mitigation banks in existence in the United States through 1 January 1996 are achieving no-net-loss of wetland acreage nationally and regionally Although 74% of the individual banks achieve no-net-loss by acreage, overall, wetland mitigation banks are projected to result in a net loss of 21,328 acres of wetlands nationally, 52% of the acreage in banks. as already credited wetland acreages are converted to other uses. While most wetland mitigation banks are using appropriate compensation methods and ratios, several of the largest banks use preservation or enhancement, instead of restoration or creation. Most of these preservation/enhancement banks use minimum mitigation ratios of 1:1, which is much lower than ratios given in current guidelines. Assuming that mitigation occurs in these banks as preservation at the minimum allowable ratio, ten of these banks, concentrated in the western Gulf Coast region, will account for over 99% of projected net wetland acreage loss associated with banks. We conclude that wetland mitigation banking is a conceptually sound environmental policy and planning tool, but only if applied according to recently issued guidelines that ensure no-net-loss of wetland functions and values. Wetland mitigation banking inevitably leads to geographic relocation of wetlands, and therefore changes, either positively or negatively, the functions they perform and ecosystem services they provide. C1 So Illinois Univ, Dept Geog, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. RP Lant, CL (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Geog, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. NR 30 TC 36 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD APR PY 1999 VL 23 IS 3 BP 333 EP 345 DI 10.1007/s002679900190 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 171HU UT WOS:000078858200005 ER PT J AU Dalsgaard, A Forslund, A Bodhidatta, L Serichantalergs, O Pitarangsi, C Pang, L Shimada, T Echeverria, P AF Dalsgaard, A Forslund, A Bodhidatta, L Serichantalergs, O Pitarangsi, C Pang, L Shimada, T Echeverria, P TI A high proportion of Vibrio cholerae strains isolated from children with diarrhoea in Bangkok, Thailand are multiple antibiotic resistant and belong to heterogenous non-O1, non-O139 O-serotypes SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID O139 BENGAL; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; CLINICAL CHOLERA; EMERGENCE; SEROGROUPS; PLASMID; TOXIN; INDIA; BANGLADESH; EPIDEMIC AB Results of a surveillance on cholera conducted with patients seen at the Children Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand from August 1993 to July 1995 are presented. Annually, isolation rates for Vibrio cholerae varied between 1.7 and 4.4% of patients with diarrhoea. V. cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa accounted for between 31 and 47 % of patients cultured positive for V. cholerae, whereas the O139 serotype dominated in early 1994 after which it disappeared. Non-Ol, non-O139 strains were isolated at similar rates as serotype O1 in 1993 and 1994, but accounted for 69 % of V, cholerae culture positive specimens in 1995. However, the annual proportion of the isolation of non-Ol, non-O139 strains showed little variation and remained low between 1.0 and 1.3%. Serotyping of 69 epidemiological unrelated non-O1, non-O139 strains produced 37 different O-serotypes, Bg/I ribotyping of serotypes containing more than two strains demonstrated a high degree of heterogeneity within and between serotypes, except seven serotype O37 strains which showed an identical ribotype suggesting clonality. None of the 69 strains hybridized with a cholera toxin probe and only two strains hybridized with a heat-stable enterotoxin probe. Susceptibility testing to 12 antibiotics showed that 40 of 69 (58 %) non-Ol, non-O139 strains were resistant to colistin, streptomycin and sulphisoxazole and 28 of 69 (41%) were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR; greater than or equal to 4 antibiotics). Although 26 of 69 (38 %) strains contained one or more plasmids, the plasmids were of low molecular weights and did not seem to encode antibiotic resistance. The results of the present study showed that a high proportion of heterogenous MAR V. cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strains were isolated from children at the hospital. With reference to the emergence of V. choler ae O139 in 1992, we suggest that non-Ol, non-O139 strains should be monitored carefully to detect new serotypes with a possible epidemic potential, but also to determine the development and mechanism of antibiotic resistance. C1 Royal Vet & Agr Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Natl Inst Infect Dis, Dept Bacteriol, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628640, Japan. RP Dalsgaard, A (reprint author), Royal Vet & Agr Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, 13 Bulowsvej, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. NR 51 TC 50 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD APR PY 1999 VL 122 IS 2 BP 217 EP 226 DI 10.1017/S0950268899002137 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 201KV UT WOS:000080594700005 PM 10355785 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Harper, W Crowell, HP AF Knapik, JJ Harper, W Crowell, HP TI Physiological factors in stretcher carriage performance SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY AND OCCUPATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE muscle contraction; military personnel; anthropometry; muscle strength; physical fitness ID CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; MUSCLE AB In this study we examined the anthropometric and physiological factors that may account for the ability to carry a casualty on a stretcher. Eleven young soldiers were pretested to obtain their anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness, and muscle cross-sectional areas. They then performed a two-person manual carry of a stretcher containing an 82-kg manikin while walking on a treadmill at a speed of 4.8 km/h. Subjects walked until volitional fatigue, as indicated by slippage of the stretcher from their hands. Average (SD) carriage time was 2.7(1.4) min with a range of 1.4-6.4 min. A stepwise multiple linear regression revealed that forearm bone-plus-muscle cross-sectional area, thigh muscle cross-sectional area, and push-up performance accounted for most of the variance in hand carriage time (r(2) = 0.99, P < 0.001). These data suggest that muscle cross-sectional area and upper-body muscular endurance are important physiological factors in the ability to carry a loaded stretcher by hand. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Preventive Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21001 USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Preventive Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-5548 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL O JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 79 IS 5 BP 409 EP 413 DI 10.1007/s004210050530 PG 5 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 177AG UT WOS:000079184400005 PM 10208249 ER PT J AU Uhl, K Grace, JM Kocisko, DA Jennings, BT Mitchell, AL Brewer, TG AF Uhl, K Grace, JM Kocisko, DA Jennings, BT Mitchell, AL Brewer, TG TI Effects of Plasmodium berghei infection on cytochromes P-450 2E1 and 3A2 SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS LA English DT Article DE cytochrome P-450; liver microsomes; Sprague-Dawley rats; malaria; Western blotting; isozymes ID ENDOTOXIN-INDUCED FEVER; PERFUSED-RAT-LIVER; MALARIA INFECTION; MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME-P-450; PHARMACOKINETICS; THEOPHYLLINE; METABOLISM; HYDROXYLATION; PURIFICATION; ELIMINATION AB Metabolism and disposition of most drugs used to treat malaria are substantially altered in malaria infection. Few data are available that specify effects of malaria infection on drug metabolism pathways in humans or animal model systems. In this report, studies were undertaken to determine the effect of Plasmodium berghei infection on cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) 2E1 and 3A2-mediated metabolism and enzyme expression in rat liver microsomes. Malaria infection (MAL) resulted in significant decreases in total cytochrome P-450 content (56%, P <0.05) and NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase activity (32%, P <0.05) as compared to control (CON) rats. Chlorzoxazone 4-hydroxylase activity (CYP2E1-mediated) showed no significant difference between CON and MAL microsomes while testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activity (CYP3A2-mediated) was reduced by 41% (P <0.05) in MAL. Enzyme kinetic studies and immunoblot analysis indicate that the loss of activity for CYP3A2 in malaria infection is due to significantly decreased CYP3A2 protein expression. The altered expression of CYP450s in malaria infection should be taken into account when treating patients with malaria in order to minimize drug-drug interactions or toxicity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Uhl, K (reprint author), US FDA, Off Clin Pharmacol Biopharmaceut, 9201 Corp Blvd,HFD-880, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MEDECINE ET HYGIENE PI GENEVA 4 PA 78 AVE ROSERALE, 1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7966 J9 EUR J DRUG METAB PH JI Eur. J. Drug Metabol. Pharmacokinet. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2 BP 169 EP 176 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 236RG UT WOS:000082611900010 PM 10510746 ER PT J AU Baroni, DS Hirota, WK Loughney, TM Lazas, DJ Maydonovitch, CL Rholl, VL Wong, RKH AF Baroni, DS Hirota, WK Loughney, TM Lazas, DJ Maydonovitch, CL Rholl, VL Wong, RKH TI Continued histologic regression noted in SSBE patients maintained on clinical dose PPI therapy. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, USUHS, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0516 BP A120 EP A120 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400517 ER PT J AU Bloom, PD Blake, D Johnson, LA Russell, R Noriega, F Cassels, FJ Wolf, MK Boedeker, EC AF Bloom, PD Blake, D Johnson, LA Russell, R Noriega, F Cassels, FJ Wolf, MK Boedeker, EC TI Towards a combined Shigella-enterotoxigenic E-coli (ETEC) vaccine: Immunogenicity of CS6 in attenuated Shigella flexneri 2A (CVD1203) SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baltimore VA Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore VA Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G2920 BP A670 EP A670 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778402921 ER PT J AU Brundage, PA Bradley, YB Kadakia, SC AF Brundage, PA Bradley, YB Kadakia, SC TI The effect of the nicotine patch on gastric emptying in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0558 BP A129 EP A129 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400559 ER PT J AU Horwhat, JD Colina, R Maydonovitch, C Wong, RKH AF Horwhat, JD Colina, R Maydonovitch, C Wong, RKH TI A prospective, controlled study to compare the diagnostic yield of methylene blue directed biopsies versus 4-quadrant random biopsies to identify the presence and grade of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Malcolm Grow Air Force Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0825 BP A189 EP A189 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400826 ER PT J AU McQueen, C Coster, T Trespalacios, F Wolf, M Cassels, F DeLorimer, A Anderson, J Hall, E Taylor, DN AF McQueen, C Coster, T Trespalacios, F Wolf, M Cassels, F DeLorimer, A Anderson, J Hall, E Taylor, DN TI Dose-ranging studies with enterotoxigenic E-coli (ETEC) strains B7A and H10407 SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. WRAIR, Washington, DC USA. NMRI, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G3944 BP A907 EP A907 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778403945 ER PT J AU Ormseth, EJ Rholl, J Yavorski, R McClean, M Blair, EA Sinha, CK Maydonovitch, C Wong, RKH AF Ormseth, EJ Rholl, J Yavorski, R McClean, M Blair, EA Sinha, CK Maydonovitch, C Wong, RKH TI Preliminary results of a placebo-controlled trial studying the use of omeprazole in the treatment of idiopathic hoarseness SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G1198 BP A274 EP A274 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778401199 ER PT J AU Osgard, EM Hirota, WK MAydonovitch, CL Wong, RKH AF Osgard, EM Hirota, WK MAydonovitch, CL Wong, RKH TI A comparison of screening strategies to diagnose Barrett's esophagus SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G1200 BP A274 EP A274 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778401201 ER PT J AU Osgard, EM Maydonovitch, CL Hirota, WK Wong, RKH Horwhat, JD AF Osgard, EM Maydonovitch, CL Hirota, WK Wong, RKH Horwhat, JD TI Which demographic features are most predictive of EGJSIM prior to EGD - A cost-analysis study. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G2114 BP A481 EP A481 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778402115 ER PT J AU Beniquez, E Kadakia, SC Daniels, RM Quesada, JF Ayala, EF Ward, JA Gutierrez, E AF Beniquez, E Kadakia, SC Daniels, RM Quesada, JF Ayala, EF Ward, JA Gutierrez, E TI Effect of acute and chronic aspirin therapy on recto-sigmoid bleeding time SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 MA 101 BP AB74 EP AB74 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 188LH UT WOS:000079848100102 ER PT J AU Lawitz, EJ Meier, NJ Kadakia, SC AF Lawitz, EJ Meier, NJ Kadakia, SC TI Prevalence of colonic adenomas in average risk asymptomatic patients on daily aspirin SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 MA 58 BP AB63 EP AB63 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 188LH UT WOS:000079848100059 ER PT J AU Osgard, EM Fincher, RK Jackson, JL Wong, RKH AF Osgard, EM Fincher, RK Jackson, JL Wong, RKH TI Resident participation in flexible sigmoidoscopy does not affect patient satisfaction SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 MA 640 BP AB219 EP AB219 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 188LH UT WOS:000079848100639 ER PT J AU Parker, AL Kadakia, SC AF Parker, AL Kadakia, SC TI Botox-systemic effect on muscle strength following achalasia therapy SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 MA 461 BP AB172 EP AB172 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 188LH UT WOS:000079848100460 ER PT J AU Sears, SR Szyjkowski, RD Shaffer, RT Enzenaur, RT AF Sears, SR Szyjkowski, RD Shaffer, RT Enzenaur, RT TI The prevalence of short segment Barrett's epithelium, celiac disease and Helicobacter pylori in systemic sclerosis SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Care Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 MA 23 BP AB54 EP AB54 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 188LH UT WOS:000079848100024 ER PT J AU Wong, PWK Hatzigeorgiou, C Kadakia, S Harrison, S AF Wong, PWK Hatzigeorgiou, C Kadakia, S Harrison, S TI Comparison of oral magnesium citrate with hypertonic phosphate (Fleet) enemas versus hypertonic phosphate enemas alone for flexible sigmoidoscopy SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Darnall Army Hosp, Killeen, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 MA 548 BP AB194 EP AB194 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 188LH UT WOS:000079848100547 ER PT J AU Parker, MF Conslato, SS Chang, AS Taylor, RR Reed, ME Mayer, AR AF Parker, MF Conslato, SS Chang, AS Taylor, RR Reed, ME Mayer, AR TI Chemical analysis of adnexal cyst fluid SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OVARIAN-CANCER; BENIGN AB Objective. The purpose of the study was to determine if adnexal cyst fluid glucose, protein, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels can discriminate between cancerous and noncancerous adnexal masses. Methods. Intracystic fluid was aspirated from adnexal masses immediately after operative excision, Patient age and menopausal status, mass size, and cyst fluid specific gravity were recorded. Cyst fluid and intraoperative serum glucose, protein, and LDH levels were measured. Masses were grouped by histopathologic diagnosis. Cyst fluid chemical levels and cyst fluid/serum ratios were compared among and between the groups, Results. Fifty-eight adnexal masses were analyzed: 15 nonneoplastic (group 1), 23 benign neoplastic (group 2), and 20 malignant (group 3), There were no significant differences among the groups with regard to patient age, menopausal status, or cyst fluid specific gravity. Cyst size (cm(2)) was significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.01), with the largest mean size found in the cancer group. No significant differences in cyst chemistries or cyst fluid/ serum ratios were found between groups 1 and 2, Comparing groups 1 and 3, all values were significantly different (P < 0.05), with the greatest level of significance attained by comparison of cyst fluid LDH levels (P < 0.001), Groups 2 and 3 statistically differed in cyst fluid levels and cyst fluid/serum ratios of both protein and LDH, with the highest levels of significance achieved by comparisons of cyst fluid levels and ratios of LDH (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The cyst fluid LDH level was found to be the best single chemistry for distinguishing noncancerous (groups 1 and 2) from cancerous (group 3) adnexal masses. A cyst fluid LDH level of greater than or equal to 451 U/L imparted a 90% sensitivity and 71% specificity for detecting malignancy. Conclusions. Evaluation of adnexal cyst fluid LDH may help to distinguish benign from malignant adnexal masses. More cases are needed to adequately assess the predictive value and clinical utility of this approach. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Parker, MF (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 73 IS 1 BP 16 EP 20 DI 10.1006/gyno.1998.5263 PG 5 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 188KT UT WOS:000079846200004 PM 10094874 ER PT J AU Best, PS Collins, DJ Piccione, D Ferrett, D AF Best, PS Collins, DJ Piccione, D Ferrett, D TI Night vision devices for ground environment SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 DCS Corp, Night Vis & Avion Syst Dept, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. USA, NV RSTA, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Best, PS (reprint author), DCS Corp, Night Vis & Avion Syst Dept, 1330 Braddock Pl, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD APR PY 1999 VL 14 IS 4 BP 5 EP 8 DI 10.1109/62.756077 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 184FR UT WOS:000079600400005 ER PT J AU Davis, RM Fante, RL Guella, TP Balla, RJ AF Davis, RM Fante, RL Guella, TP Balla, RJ TI Interference suppression via operating frequency selection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE jamming; radar; suitting AB Spectral analysis of the environment, often called sniffing, is used to find a clear operating band in radar and communication systems. In this paper, the authors show that the sniffing technique can be used to null multiple broad-band sidelobe jammers by exploiting the transfer function of the antenna. Analysis and computer simulation are used to demonstrate performance. C1 Mitre Corp, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Davis, RM (reprint author), Mitre Corp, Burlington Rd, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 637 EP 645 DI 10.1109/8.768802 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 205FH UT WOS:000080810300007 ER PT J AU Sadler, BM Swami, A AF Sadler, BM Swami, A TI Analysis of multiscale products for step detection and estimation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY LA English DT Letter DE change detection; Cramer-Rao bound; multiscale analysis; step localization; wavelets ID EDGE-DETECTION; RECONSTRUCTION; LOCALIZATION; SIGNALS; DESIGN; NOISE AB We analyze discrete wavelet transform (DWT) multiscale products for detection and estimation of steps. Here the DWT is an over complete approximation to smoothed gradient estimation, with smoothing varied over dyadic scale, as developed by Mallat and Zhong, The multiscale product approach was first proposed by Rosenfeld for edge detection, We develop statistics of the multiscale products, and characterize the resulting non-Gaussian heavy-tailed densities. The results may be applied to edge detection with a false-alarm constraint. The response to impulses, steps, and pulses is also characterized. To facilitate the analysis, we employ a new general closed-form expression for the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for discrete-time step-change Location estimation. The CRB can incorporate any underlying continuous and differentiable edge model, including an arbitrary number of steps, The CRB analysis also includes sampling phase offset effects and is valid in both additive correlated Gaussian and independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) non-Gaussian noise. We consider location estimation using multiscale products, and compare results to the appropriate CRB. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL IS TA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL IS TA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 33 TC 112 Z9 126 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9448 J9 IEEE T INFORM THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 3 BP 1043 EP 1051 DI 10.1109/18.761341 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 182UC UT WOS:000079515700016 ER PT J AU Marvel, LM Khayrallah, AS Boncelet, CG AF Marvel, LM Khayrallah, AS Boncelet, CG TI Robust source coding of images for very noisy channels SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Image Processing CY 1996 CL LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SP IEEE DE image compression; image transmission; noisy channels; nonlinear filters ID TRELLIS-CODED QUANTIZATION; FILTERS AB Robust source coding provides the compression and noise mitigation necessary for image transmission or fr noisy channels. Two methods are compared (DPCM and PTCQ), incorporating linear and nonlinear filters. Findings shea that although PTCQ has better rate-distortion properties, DPCM provides better performance in noise. Additionally, the nonlinear filter yields better images. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Ericsson Inc, Adv Dev & Res Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, DE 19711 USA. RP Marvel, LM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1198 EP 1202 DI 10.1109/78.752625 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 178QX UT WOS:000079278400035 ER PT J AU Benner, GE Andrews, GP Byrne, WR Strachan, SD Sample, AK Heath, DG Friedlander, AM AF Benner, GE Andrews, GP Byrne, WR Strachan, SD Sample, AK Heath, DG Friedlander, AM TI Immune response to Yersinia outer proteins and other Yersinia pestis antigens after experimental plague infection in mice SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT V-ANTIGEN; CELL PLASMA-MEMBRANE; FUSION PEPTIDE; TARGET-CELL; VIRULENCE DETERMINANT; ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION; LOW-CA2+ RESPONSE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; YOPE CYTOTOXIN; PROTECTS MICE AB There is limited information concerning the nature and extent of the immune response to the virulence determinants of Yersinia pestis during the course of plague infection. In this study, we evaluated the humoral immune response of mice that survived lethal Y. pestis aerosol challenge after antibiotic treatment. Such a model may replicate the clinical situation in humans and indicate which virulence determinants are expressed in vivo. Immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting were performed by using purified, recombinant antigens including F1, V antigen, YpkA, YopH, YopM, YopB, YopD, YopN, YopE, YopK, plasminogen activator protease (Pla), and pH 6 antigen as well as purified lipopolysaccharide. The major antigens recognized by murine convalescent sera were F1, V antigen, YopH, YopM, YopD, and Pla. Early treatment with antibiotics tended to reduce the immune response and differences between antibiotic treatment regimens were noted. These results may indicate that only some virulence factors are expressed and/or immunogenic during infection. This information mag prove useful for selecting potential vaccine candidates and for developing improved serologic diagnostic assays. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Friedlander, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM friedlan@ncifcrf.gov NR 63 TC 66 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1922 EP 1928 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 178QZ UT WOS:000079278700054 PM 10085037 ER PT J AU Taylor, DN Sanchez, JL Castro, JM Lebron, C Parrado, CM Johnson, DE Tacket, CO Losonsky, GA Wasserman, SS Levine, MM Cryz, SJ AF Taylor, DN Sanchez, JL Castro, JM Lebron, C Parrado, CM Johnson, DE Tacket, CO Losonsky, GA Wasserman, SS Levine, MM Cryz, SJ TI Expanded safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent, oral, attenuated cholera vaccine, CVD 103-HgR plus CVD 111, in United States military personnel stationed in Panama SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID NORTH AMERICANS; LIVE; STRAIN; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE-01; CVD-103-HGR; VOLUNTEERS; DURATION; CVD-111; TRIAL; PERU AB To provide optimum protection against classical and El Tor biotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1, a single dose, oral cholera vaccine was developed by combining tao live, attenuated vaccine strains, CVD 103-HgR (classical, Inaba) and CVD 111 (El Tor, Ogawa). The vaccines were formulated in a double-chamber sachet; one chamber contained lyophilized bacteria, and the other contained buffer. A total of 170 partially-immune American soldiers stationed in Panama received one of the following five formulations: (a) CVD 103-HgR at 10(8) CFU plus CVD 111 at 10(7) CFU, (b) CVD 103-HgR at 10(8) CFU plus CVD 111 at 10(6) CPU, (c) CVD 103-HgR alone at 10(8) CFU, (d) CVD 111 alone at 10(7) CFU, or (e) inactivated Escherichia coli placebo. Among those who received CVD 111 at the high or low dose either alone or in combination with CVD 103-HgR, 8 of 103 had diarrhea, defined as three or more liquid stools. None of the 32 volunteers who received CVD 103-HgR alone or the 35 placebo recipients had diarrhea. CVD 111 was detected in the stools of 46% of the 103 volunteers who received it. About 65% of all persons who received CVD 103-HgR either alone or in combination had a fourfold rise in Inaba vibriocidal titers. The postvaccination geometric mean titers were comparable among groups, ranging from 450 to 550, Ogawa vibriocidal titers were about twice as high in persons who received CVD 111 as in those who received CVD 103-HgR alone (600 versus 300). The addition of CVD 111 improved the overall seroconversion rate and doubled the serum Ogawa vibriocidal titers, suggesting that the combination of an El Tor and a classical cholera strain is desirable. While CVD 111 was previously found to be well tolerated in semiimmune Peruvians, the adverse effects observed in this study indicate that this strain requires further attenuation before it can be safely used in nonimmune populations. C1 USN, Med Res Inst Detachment, Lima, Peru. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Swiss Serum & Vaccine Inst, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland. RP Taylor, DN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM col_david_taylor@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01 AI45251] NR 23 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 4 BP 2030 EP 2034 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 178QZ UT WOS:000079278700072 PM 10085055 ER PT J AU Gambel, JM Drabick, JJ Martinez-Lopez, L AF Gambel, JM Drabick, JJ Martinez-Lopez, L TI Medical surveillance of multinational peacekeepers deployed in support of the United Nations Mission in Haiti, June-October 1995 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE medical surveillance; international health; Haiti; United Nations' peacekeepers; military medicine ID OPERATION-DESERT-SHIELD; COLD-WAR ERA; PERSIAN-GULF; DISEASE; HEALTH; MORBIDITY; OVERSEAS AB Background Multinational peacekeepers, both military and civilian, often deploy to areas of the world where significant health threats are endemic and host country public health systems are inadequate. Medical surveillance of deployed personnel enables leaders to better direct health care resources to prevent and treat casualties. Over a 5-month period, June to October 1995, a medical surveillance system (MSS) was implemented in support of the United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH). Information obtained from this system as well as lessons learned from its implementation and management may help decrease casualty rates during future multinational missions. Methods Over 90% of UNMIH personnel (80% military from over 11 countries and 20% civilian from over 70 countries) stationed throughout Haiti participated in the MSS. A weekly standardized reporting form included the number of new outpatient visits by disease and non-battle injury (DNBI) category and number of personnel supported by each participating UN medical treatment facility (MTF). Previously, medical reporting consisted of simple counts of patient visits without distinguishing between new and follow-up visits. Weekly incidence rates were determined and trends compared within and among reporting sites. The diagnoses and numbers of inpatient cases per week were only monitored at the 86th Combat Support Hospital, the facility with the most sophisticated level of health care available to UN personnel. Results The overall outpatient DNBI incidence rate ranged from 9.2% to 13% of supported UN personnel/week. Of the 14 outpatient diagnostic categories, the three categories consistently with the highest rates included orthopaedic/injury (1.6-2.5%), dermatology (1.3-2.2%), and respiratory (0.9-2.2%) of supported UN personnel/week. The most common inpatient discharge diagnoses included suspected dengue fever (22.3%), gastro-enteritis (15%), and other febrile illness (13.5%). Of the 249 patients who presented with a febrile illness, 79 (32%) had serological evidence of recent dengue infection. Surveillance results helped lead to interventions that addressed issues related to field sanitation, potable water, food preparation and vector control. Conclusions Despite hurdles associated with distance, language, and communications, the MSS was a practical and effective tool for UNMIH, force protection. UN requirements for standardized medical surveillance during deployments should be developed and implemented. Furthermore, planners should recognize that if ongoing medical surveillance and related responses are to be effective, personnel should be trained prior to deployment and resources dedicated to a sustained effort in theatre. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Bacteriol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gambel, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 2 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.1093/ije/28.2.312 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 190BZ UT WOS:000079942800021 PM 10342697 ER PT J AU Westervelt, JD Hopkins, LD AF Westervelt, JD Hopkins, LD TI Modeling mobile individuals in dynamic landscapes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Geographic modeling systems should support simulation of mobile individuals in dynamic landscapes. In modeling a small population (e.g. an endangered species), it is important to keep track of individuals over time and space, interactions between individuals, landscape processes over time and space, interactions among landscape processes, and interactions of individuals with landscape processes. An object-oriented simulation modeling system was designed to meet these requirements. A prototype demonstrates the capabilities with hypothetical animals in static and dynamic landscapes. C1 Construct Engn Res Labs, CECER LL N, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Westervelt, JD (reprint author), Construct Engn Res Labs, CECER LL N, POB 9005, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1365-8816 J9 INT J GEOGR INF SCI JI Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci. PD APR-MAY PY 1999 VL 13 IS 3 BP 191 EP 208 DI 10.1080/136588199241319 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography; Geography, Physical; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Geography; Physical Geography; Information Science & Library Science GA 181NT UT WOS:000079448000001 ER PT J AU Gaertner, EM McNeil, J Frishberg, D Maniscalco-Therberge, M AF Gaertner, EM McNeil, J Frishberg, D Maniscalco-Therberge, M TI Multiple lipomas of the ileum (Lipomatosis) presenting with intussusception - Case report and review of the literature SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE lipomatosis; gastrointestinal lipomas; intussusception AB Small intestinal lipomatosis is a distinctly uncommon lesion that primarily affects the distal ileum and frequently presents with signs of obstruction or intussusception. The affected segment is often carpeted by numerous, generally submucosal, lipomas. Radiologic imaging is helpful in making the diagnosis preoperatively, and surgical can be obtained by resection of the involved area. This case report highlights this unusual entity, discusses the preoperative and operative management, and reviews the available literature. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & ALS, Anat Pathol & Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gaertner, EM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & ALS, Anat Pathol & Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WESTMINSTER PUBL INC PI GLEN HEAD PA 708 GLEN COVE AVE, GLEN HEAD, NY 11545 USA SN 1066-8969 J9 INT J SURG PATHOL JI Int. J. Surg. Pathol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 7 IS 2 BP 105 EP 108 DI 10.1177/106689699900700206 PG 4 WC Pathology; Surgery SC Pathology; Surgery GA 187HF UT WOS:000079780600006 ER PT J AU Carr, WW Older, SA Rollefson, WA Wellford, AL AF Carr, WW Older, SA Rollefson, WA Wellford, AL TI The role of endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of Churg-Strauss syndrome SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Churg-Strauss syndrome; endomyocardial biopsy; cardiac ID POLYARTERITIS-NODOSA; COMPLICATIONS; INVOLVEMENT; ASTHMA AB Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a rare vasculitis characterized by the clinical triad of asthma, peripheral eosinophilia, and systemic vasculitis. Pulmonary symptoms occur commonly, but gastrointestinal, renal, cardiac, and musculoskeletal manifestations may also occur. Disease activity and expression can be variable, and progressive organ failure may occur in the absence of other clinical or biochemical evidence of disease activity. We report the case of a 73-year-old man-who presented with signs and symptoms of an acute myocardial infarction, eosinophilia, a pulmonary infiltrate, and recent onset asthma. The cardiac catheterization was normal, but act endomyocardial biopsy specimen revealed eosinophilic myositis, granuloma formation, and small vessel vasculitis. A repeat endomyocardial biopsy 1 month after the initiation of high dose prednisone therapy showed no evidence of inflammation and no significant fibrosis. We suggest that a endomyocardial biopsy is a safe and useful tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of therapy in patients with CSS cardiac disease. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Carr, WW (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 5 IS 2 BP 79 EP 82 DI 10.1097/00124743-199904000-00008 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 193BM UT WOS:000080115600011 PM 19078361 ER PT J AU Chang, S Hahn, D Yang, CH Norquist, D AF Chang, S Hahn, D Yang, CH Norquist, D TI Validation study of the CAPS model land surface scheme using the 1987 Cabauw/PILPS dataset SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; PARAMETERIZATION SCHEMES; NUMERICAL-MODEL; SOIL HYDROLOGY; ECMWF MODEL; SENSITIVITY; FLUXES; EVAPORATION; MOISTURE; WATER AB An updated complete and comprehensive description of the land surface parameterization scheme in the Coupled Atmosphere-Plant-Soil (CAPS) model is presented. The CAPS model has been in development at Oregon State University and Phillips Laboratory since 1981. The CAPS model was originally designed for a global atmospheric model, but it has also been used as a stand-alone model for a variety of applications. The land surface scheme in the CAPS model is one of the two dozen schemes that participated in the Project for Intercomparison of Land Surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS). Some unique features of the CAPS scheme are given in detail. A comprehensive dataset of one year (1987), including atmospheric forcing data and validation data from Cabauw, has been provided for PILPS by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological institute. Using the Cabauw data, a validation study for the CAPS scheme has been carried out. The scheme's self-consistencies in terms of surface energy balance and water budget are discussed. Finally, the results of this validation study with emphasis on the performance of surface momentum and heat fluxes are presented. C1 Phillips Lab, Geophys Directorate, Hanscom AFB, MA USA. Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Chang, S (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Bldg 202,4F076,2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM chang@plh.af.mil NR 53 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 4 BP 405 EP 422 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1999)038<0405:VSOTCM>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 186VX UT WOS:000079752300003 ER PT J AU Bergman, L Dutta, M Balkas, C Davis, RF Christman, JA Alexson, D Nemanich, RJ AF Bergman, L Dutta, M Balkas, C Davis, RF Christman, JA Alexson, D Nemanich, RJ TI Raman analysis of the E1 and A1 quasi-longitudinal optical and quasi-transverse optical modes in wurtzite AlN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM NITRIDE; GALLIUM NITRIDE; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPECTROSCOPY; FREQUENCIES; GAN AB This article presents a study of the quasi-longitudinal optical and quasi-transverse optical modes in wurtzite AlN which originate from the interaction of phonons belonging to the A1 and E1 symmetry groups. In order to analyze the allowed quasi as well as pure Raman modes, the modes were observed in a rotating crystallographic coordinate system, and the Raman tensors of the wurtzite crystal structure were calculated as a function of the crystallographic rotation. The frequencies of the quasimodes of wurtzite AlN were also analyzed in terms of the interaction of the polar phonons with the long range electrostatic field model. The experimental values of the Raman frequencies of the quasiphonons concur with these expected from the model, implying that the long range electrostatic field dominates the short range forces for polar phonons in AlN. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)03407-6]. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Bergman, L (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 15 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 85 IS 7 BP 3535 EP 3539 DI 10.1063/1.369712 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 180UQ UT WOS:000079403900020 ER PT J AU Zheng, L Joshi, RP Fazi, C AF Zheng, L Joshi, RP Fazi, C TI Effects of barrier height fluctuations and electron tunneling on the reverse characteristics of 6H-SiC Schottky contacts SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; DEVICES AB Analytic calculations of electron transport across a Schottky barrier in 6H-silicon carbide are presented. The treatment includes the effect of barrier height fluctuations and image charge lowering on both the thermionic emission and electron tunneling processes. The results show that barrier height inhomogeneities are very important, and can lead to reverse current densities that are orders of magnitude higher than obtained from a simple theory. Formation of detrimental filamentary currents are predicted. The results are in very good agreement with published experimental data at 300 K. Finally, under forward biasing conditions, the analytical theory yields ideality factors of 1.037 in close agreement with measurements. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)06507-X]. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zheng, L (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM rpj@sun.ee.odu.edu NR 26 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 85 IS 7 BP 3701 EP 3707 DI 10.1063/1.369735 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 180UQ UT WOS:000079403900046 ER PT J AU Taylor, PJ Jesser, WA Martinka, M Dinan, JH AF Taylor, PJ Jesser, WA Martinka, M Dinan, JH TI Epitaxial growth of stoichiometric (100) GaAs at 75 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MIGRATION-ENHANCED EPITAXY; ALGAAS AB Stoichiometric single crystal GaAs is grown at 75 degrees C by a migration-enhanced-epitaxy (MEE) technique. The stoichiometry of the GaAs films can be controlled by adjusting the arsenic monolayer deposition time. For Ga-rich compositions, epitaxy breaks down and polycrystalline GaAs results. For stoichiometric GaAs, and As-rich compositions, epitaxy proceeds and specular stoichiometric films can be grown to significant thicknesses. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction patterns indicated some surface roughness that increased for compositions closer to those which were Ga rich. This work suggests that low-temperature growth by MEE results in limited-thickness-epitaxy (LTE) behavior for GaAs that is very different from low-temperature growth by conventional molecular beam epitaxy. The results of this work indicate the importance of stoichiometry, surface roughening, and surface diffusion phenomena in determining regimes where epitaxy occurs at low temperature. A maximum LTE epitaxial thickness of 300 nm was obtained at 75 degrees C. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(99)05607-8]. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. USA, CECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Taylor, PJ (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 85 IS 7 BP 3850 EP 3854 DI 10.1063/1.369778 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 180UQ UT WOS:000079403900069 ER PT J AU Andreo, LK Wilson, ME Apple, DJ AF Andreo, LK Wilson, ME Apple, DJ TI Elastic properties and scanning electron microscopic appearance of manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and vitrectorhexis in an animal model of pediatric cataract SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID MECHANIZED ANTERIOR CAPSULECTOMY; LOOP FIXATION; CAPSULOTOMY; TEARS AB Purpose: To compare the tear resistance of anterior capsulotomies using manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) and vitrector-cut capsulotomy (vitrectorhexis) techniques in an animal model of the pediatric eye and in 2 pairs of human infant eyes. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Methods: Continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and automated vitrectorhexis capsulotomy techniques were performed in 20 pig eyes, 10 with each technique. The capsules were then stretched until they ruptured. The forces required for rupture after each technique were compared. The forces required for rupture of the pig eye lens capsule were also compared with those required for the human infant eye lens capsule. Scanning electron microscopy was performed in each group following intraocular lens (IOL) insertion. Results: All capsules stretched adequately for IOL insertion. The percentage of stretch prior to rupture was higher in the capsulorhexis group (mean 157%, range 147% to 169%) than in the vitrectorhexis group (mean 135%, range 124% to 147%) (P < .001). The percentage of stretch in the human infant eyes was not statistically different from that in the porcine eyes (P > .05). Conclusions: The manual CCC offered greater resistance to capsule tearing than the vitrectorhexis and also revealed a more smooth, regular edge. It therefore remains the gold standard. However, the vitrectorhexis displayed more than adequate resistance to unwanted anterior capsule tears when used for IOL insertion through capsulotomy sizes currently used in clinical practice. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Wilson, ME (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Storm Eye Inst, 167 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 14 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CATARACT REFRACTIVE SURGERY PI FAIRFAX PA 4000 LEGATO RD, SUITE 850, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 USA SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 25 IS 4 BP 534 EP 539 DI 10.1016/S0886-3350(99)80051-0 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 181RY UT WOS:000079457100024 PM 10198859 ER PT J AU Crawford-Miksza, LK Nang, RN Schnurr, DP AF Crawford-Miksza, LK Nang, RN Schnurr, DP TI Strain variation in adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7a causing acute respiratory disease SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYPERVARIABLE REGIONS; SUBGENUS-B; VACCINES; TYPE-7; SEQUENCE AB In order to determine the suitability of vaccine strains established in the 1960s for a new vaccine, a comprehensive study of strain variation of adenovirus serotype 4 (AV 4) and AV 7 was undertaken. A 1,500-bp region of the hexon gene containing the AV neutralization epitopes from prototype, vaccine, and community-acquired strains and from wild-type strains from military personnel that cause acute respiratory disease (ARD) was sequenced and analyzed. The whole hexon gene from prototype strains, vaccine strains, and selected isolates was sequenced. AV 7 and AV 7a were found to have distinct genotypes, and all vaccine and wild-type strains recovered from 1963 to 1997 had the AV 79 genotype, There was no significant strain variation in the neutralization epitopes of the AV 7a genotype over a 42-year period. The evolution of AV 4 was more complex, with continuous genetic drift punctuated by replacement with a new strain. The current strain of AV 4, which has been in circulation since 1995, is significantly different from the AV 4 prototype and the vaccine strains. Genetic differences were confirmed to be antigenic differences by neutralization tests, which define the new strain as an AV 4 variant. A type-specific PCR for AV 4, AV 7/7a, and AV 21 was developed, and this PCR facilitated the rapid identification of isolates from outbreaks of ARD. C1 Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Div Communicable Dis Control, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Crawford-Miksza, LK (reprint author), Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Div Communicable Dis Control, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. NR 32 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1107 EP 1112 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 175QF UT WOS:000079105500038 PM 10074533 ER PT J AU Zalameda, JN AF Zalameda, JN TI Measured through-the-thickness thermal diffusivity of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE graphite fiber composite; thermal diffusivity; destructive testing; fiber fraction and porosity AB The thermal diffusivity of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials is dependent on fiber. matrix, and porosity volume fractions. Since the carbon fiber thermal conductivity is much greater than the epoxy resin matrix thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity is a good indicator of the fiber volume fraction. In this study. through-the-thickness thermal diffusivity images were obtained nondestructively on carbon fiber reinforced composite plates, and the values varied from 0.0035 to 0.0062 cm(2)/s. The fiber and porosity volume fractions were measured destructively. and their values varied from 56.0 to 70.5% and from 0.9 to 7.2%. respectively. The destructive test data were used as a standard for comparison of three commonly used transverse equivalent thermal conductivity models: the Stacked Plate. the mixed flow Cylindrical Fiber model, and the Composite Circular Assemblage model. In these models, a porosity correction is also studied. There was very good agreement between the Composite Circular Assemblage and Cylindrical Fiber model when porosity levels were less than 2%. The porosity correction helped to reduce the chi-squared value by 24% in the Cylindrical Filament model. Finally, the potential is discussed to image fiber volume fraction nondestructively using the described thermal measurement system. C1 USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Ctr,NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Zalameda, JN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Ctr,NASA, Langley Res Ctr, MS231, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0884-6804 J9 J COMPOS TECH RES JI J. Compos. Technol. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 21 IS 2 BP 98 EP 102 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 187XT UT WOS:000079814700005 ER PT J AU Rojo, JC Dieguez, E Derby, JJ AF Rojo, JC Dieguez, E Derby, JJ TI A heat shield to control thermal gradients, melt convection, and interface shape during shouldering in Czochralski oxide growth SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Letter DE Czochralski growth system; melt-crystal interface ID GADOLINIUM GALLIUM GARNET; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; INVERSION; TRANSITIONS AB A modification of the Czochralski growth system consisting of a circular disk attached to the pulling rod has been used during the shouldering of Bi12SiO20 Single crystals. Experimental results show significant changes to the melt-crystal interface shape and faceting behavior from the use of disks of different materials. A simple mathematical analysis of enclosure radiation provides a self-consistent explanation for the observed changes in terms of system thermal gradients and the intensity of melt convection. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Mat, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Derby, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Army HPC Res Ctr, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 151 Amundson Hall,421 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009 NR 25 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD APR PY 1999 VL 200 IS 1-2 BP 329 EP 334 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(98)01250-0 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 188HK UT WOS:000079840600043 ER PT J AU Zheleva, TS Smith, SA Thomson, DB Linthicum, KJ Rajagopal, P Davis, RF AF Zheleva, TS Smith, SA Thomson, DB Linthicum, KJ Rajagopal, P Davis, RF TI Pendeo-epitaxy: A new approach for lateral growth of gallium nitride films SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Letter DE GaN; lateral epitaxy; metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE); microstructure; pendeo-epitaxy; selective etching; selective growth; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; DISLOCATION DENSITY; GAN FILMS; LASER AB Lateral growth of gallium nitride (GaN) films having a low density of dislocations and suspended from side walls of [0001] oriented GaN columns and over adjacent etched wells has been achieved without the use of, or contact with, a supporting mask or substrate. Pendeo-epitaxy is proposed as the descriptive term for this growth technique. Selective growth was achieved using process parameters that promote lateral growth of the {<11(2)over bar 0>} planes of GaN and disallow nucleation of this phase on the exposed silicon carbide substrate. The large horizontal/vertical growth rate ratio indicate that the diffusion distances and the rates of diffusion of the reactant species along the(0001) surfaces were sufficient to allow them to reach and move along the {<11(2)over bar 0>} surfaces before they were chemically adsorbed. A four-to-five order decrease in the dislocation density was observed via transmission electron microscopy in the free-standing laterally grown GaN relative to that in the GaN columns. Curvature of the {<11(2)over bar 0>} planes as they approached coalescence, and elongated voids below the regions of coalescence were formed. The use of optimized growth conditions or more closely spaced columns should eliminate these voids. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Zheleva, TS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 19 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 20 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 4 BP L5 EP L8 DI 10.1007/s11664-999-0239-z PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 183JM UT WOS:000079550500009 ER PT J AU Cerco, CF Bunch, B Letter, J AF Cerco, CF Bunch, B Letter, J TI Impact of flood-diversion tunnel on Newark Bay and adjacent waters SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB A diversion tunnel has been proposed to alleviate flooding in the upper portion of the Passaic River basin. The tunnel will divert flow from the headwaters of the Passaic to the upper end of Newark Bay. The present study provided information required to evaluate the effect of the tunnel on finfish and shellfish in the vicinity of the outlet. Impacts were examined through the CH3D hydrodynamic model and the CE-QUAL-ICM water-quality model. Quantities computed included tides, currents, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and biochemical oxygen demand. The models were calibrated to field data collected from July to September 1994. Scenarios illustrated the impact of the tunnel on salinity, temperature, and DO under three flow conditions. In the worst case, impact of the tunnel on DO and temperature was short-lived and of limited spatial extent. Impact of the tunnel on salinity was indiscernible. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Cerco, CF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, M-S ES-Q,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 1999 VL 125 IS 4 BP 328 EP 338 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1999)125:4(328) PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 178RJ UT WOS:000079279700002 ER PT J AU Schiaffella, E Sehgal, D Anderson, AO Mage, RG AF Schiaffella, E Sehgal, D Anderson, AO Mage, RG TI Gene conversion and hypermutation during diversification of V-H sequences in developing splenic germinal centers of immunized rabbits SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS; CENTER B-CELLS; AFFINITY MATURATION; HEAVY-CHAIN; SOMATIC DIVERSIFICATION; IN-SITU; REPERTOIRE; MUTATION; ANTIGEN; (4-HYDROXY-3-NITROPHENYL)ACETYL AB The young rabbit appendix and the chicken bursa of Fabricius are primary lymphoid organs where the B cell Ab repertoire develops in germinal centers (GCs) mainly by a gene conversion-like process, In human and mouse, V-gene diversification by somatic hypermutation in GCs of secondary lymphoid organs leads to affinity maturation. We asked whether gene conversion, somatic hypermutation, or both occur in rabbit splenic GCs during responses to the hapten DNP. We determined DNA sequences of rearranged heavy and light chain V region gene segments in single cells from developing DNP-specific GCs after immunization with DNP-bovine gamma-globulin and conclude that the changes at the DNA level that may lead to affinity maturation occur by both gene conversion and hypermutation. Selection was suggested by finding some recurrent amino acid replacements that may contribute increased affinity for antigen in the complementarity-determining region sequences of independently evolved clones, and a narrower range of complementarity-determining region 3 lengths at day 15, Some of the alterations of sequence may also lead to new members of the B cell repertoire in adult rabbits comparable with those produced in gut associated lymphoid tissues of young rabbits. C1 NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Mage, RG (reprint author), NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 11N311,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1892, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM rm3z@nih.gov NR 65 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 162 IS 7 BP 3984 EP 3995 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 178QT UT WOS:000079278000033 PM 10201919 ER PT J AU Green, S Vaughn, DW Kalayanarooj, S Nimmannitya, S Suntayakorn, S Nisalak, A Lew, R Innis, BL Kurane, I Rothman, AL Ennis, FA AF Green, S Vaughn, DW Kalayanarooj, S Nimmannitya, S Suntayakorn, S Nisalak, A Lew, R Innis, BL Kurane, I Rothman, AL Ennis, FA TI Early immune activation in acute dengue illness is related to development of plasma leakage and disease severity SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY DEC 01-05, 1996 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; INTERFERON GAMMA-PRODUCTION; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; T-CELL ACTIVATION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; FACTOR-ALPHA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; INFECTED PATIENTS; VIRUS-INFECTIONS; FACTOR RECEPTORS AB T lymphocyte activation and increased cytokine levels have been described in retrospective studies of children presenting with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), Serial plasma samples obtained in a prospective study of Thai children presenting with <72 h of fever were studied. Plasma levels of 80-kDa soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors (sTNFRs) were higher in children who developed DHF than in those with dengue fever (DF) or other nondengue febrile illnesses (OFIs) and were correlated with the degree of subsequent plasma leakage. Soluble CD8 and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels were also elevated in children with DHF compared with those with DE Interferon-gamma and sTNFR 60-kDa levels were higher in children with dengue than in those with OFIs, TNF-alpha was detectable more often in DHF than in DF or OFIs (P < .05), These results support the hypothesis that immune activation contributes to the pathogenesis of DHE Further studies evaluating the predictive value of sTNFR80 for DHF are warranted. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. Kamphaeng Phet Prov Hosp, Dept Pediat, Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC USA. RP Green, S (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-34533] NR 47 TC 223 Z9 235 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1999 VL 179 IS 4 BP 755 EP 762 DI 10.1086/314680 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 182MY UT WOS:000079503800001 PM 10068569 ER PT J AU Sitz, KV Ratto-Kim, S Hodgkins, AS Robb, ML Birx, DL AF Sitz, KV Ratto-Kim, S Hodgkins, AS Robb, ML Birx, DL TI Proliferative responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HTV-1) gp120 peptides in HIV-1-infected individuals immunized with HIV-1 rgp120 or rgp160 compared with nonimmunized and uninfected controls SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID T-CELL RESPONSES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN GP160; RECOMBINANT GP160; NATURAL INFECTION; VACCINE THERAPY; EPITOPES; CD4+; LYMPHOCYTES; REPERTOIRE; PREDICTION AB The proliferative responses to a series of peptides constituting the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 sequence were evaluated in 19 HIV-l-infected rgp160 vaccine recipients, 17 HIV-l-infected rgp120 vaccine recipients, 15 HIV-l-infected placebo recipients, and 18 HIV-1-uninfected controls. Many regions of the gp120 molecule were found to contribute proliferative epitopes, although there were clearly regions of relative dominance and silence. Vaccine recipients tended to have broader, more robust, and more frequent peptide recognition than the placebo recipients. Despite the considerable variability in the pattern of peptide recognition among individuals, there was a striking similarity between the rgp160 and rgp120 vaccinee groups as a whole. Low-risk HIV-1-uninfected individuals may react to a few peptides within the gp120 sequence as well, despite a lack of significant response to the whole gp120 protein. C1 Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Allergy Immunol Sect, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. RP Sitz, KV (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Allergy Immunol Sect, Mail Slot 555,4301 W Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1999 VL 179 IS 4 BP 817 EP 824 DI 10.1086/314685 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 182MY UT WOS:000079503800008 PM 10068576 ER PT J AU Wong, HK Dennis, G Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC AF Wong, HK Dennis, G Kammer, GM Tsokos, GC TI Nuclear factor (NF) kB abnormalities in lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 112 IS 4 MA 160 BP 549 EP 549 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 182JL UT WOS:000079495800184 ER PT J AU Ye, D Burghardt, CA Hashirol, GM Uyehara, CFT AF Ye, D Burghardt, CA Hashirol, GM Uyehara, CFT TI Vasopressin (VP) renal V2 action during established hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 SU S BP 215A EP 215A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 182AV UT WOS:000079477100205 ER PT J AU Kennefick, CM AF Kennefick, CM TI Constrained cavitation and fast fracture at metal-ceramic interfaces at elevated temperatures SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INTERGRANULAR CAVITY GROWTH; POLYCRYSTALLINE ALUMINA; DIFFUSIVE CAVITATION; CREEP; TENSION AB Processes that constrain or promote cavity growth and fast fracture at elevated temperatures are examined. Solutions are given for the stress caused by inhomogeneous deposition of matter in metal-ceramic and alumina grain boundaries and for the tensile stress near the top of a hemispherical pore during pore growth. Velocities of dislocation climb that could promote fast fracture are calculated for elastic stresses acting upon dislocations arising from both a crack tip and interface repulsion. The rates for the atomic diffusive processes and the magnitudes of stresses resulting from them are found to agree well with experimental rate of pore growth, and new data on pore growth and fracture at an aluminum-sapphire interface are presented. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Kennefick, CM (reprint author), AFRL, MLBC, 2941 P St,Ste 1,Bldg 654, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1306 EP 1315 DI 10.1557/JMR.1999.0178 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 235PC UT WOS:000082550400024 ER PT J AU Bhatt, RT Palczer, AR AF Bhatt, RT Palczer, AR TI Effects of surface area, polymer char, oxidation, and NiO additive on nitridation kinetics of silicon powder compacts SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PURITY SILICON; SI AB The oxidative stability of attrition-milled silicon powder under reaction-bonding processing conditions has been determined. The investigation focused on the effects of surface area, polymer char, preoxidation, nitriding environment, and a transitional metal oxide additive (NiO) on the nitridation kinetics of attrition-milled silicon powder compacts tested at 1250 and 1350 degrees C for 4 h. Silicon powder was wet-attrition-milled from 2 to 48 h to achieve surface areas (SAs) ranging from 1.3 to 63 m(2)/g. A silicon powder of high surface area (63 m(2)/g) was exposed for up to 1 month to ambient air or for up to 4 days to an aqueous-based solution with the pH maintained at 3, 7, or 9. Results indicated that the high-surface-area silicon powder showed no tendency to oxidize further, whether in ambient air for up to 1 month or in deionized water for up to 4 days. After a 1-day exposure to an acidic or basic solution, the same powder showed evidence of oxidation. As the surface area increased, so did the percentage nitridation after 4 h in N-2 at 1250 or 1350 degrees C. Adding small amounts of NiO significantly improved the nitridation kinetics of high-surface-area powder compacts, but both preoxidation of the powder and residual polymer char delayed it. Conversely, the nitridation environment had no significant influence on the nitridation kinetics of a high-surface-area powder. Impurities present in the starting powder, and those accumulated during attrition milling, appeared to react with the silica layer on the surface of silicon particles to form a molten silicate layer, which provided a path for rapid diffusion of N-2 and enhanced the nitridation kinetics. (C) 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Lewis Res Ctr, Vehicle Technol Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44235 USA. NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Bhatt, RT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Lewis Res Ctr, Vehicle Technol Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44235 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1483 EP 1492 DI 10.1023/A:1004591508874 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 190DJ UT WOS:000079946500007 ER PT J AU Rogers, CJ AF Rogers, CJ TI Knights and peasants: The Hundred Years' War in the French countryside SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rogers, CJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 1999 VL 63 IS 2 BP 436 EP 438 DI 10.2307/120657 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 183HA UT WOS:000079547100014 ER PT J AU Patterson, AL Bagby, SK AF Patterson, AL Bagby, SK TI Posterior vertical body osteotomy (PVBO): A predictable rescue procedure for proximal segment fracture during sagittal split ramus osteotomy of the mandible SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article ID COMPLICATIONS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bagby, SK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 57 IS 4 BP 475 EP 477 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(99)90295-1 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 182AX UT WOS:000079477300029 PM 10199504 ER PT J AU Grogl, M Schuster, BG Ellis, WY Berman, JD AF Grogl, M Schuster, BG Ellis, WY Berman, JD TI Successful topical treatment of murine cutaneous leishmaniasis with a combination of paromomycin (aminosidine) and gentamicin SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHYLBENZETHONIUM CHLORIDE; ANTILEISHMANIAL ACTIVITY; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE; EXPERIMENTAL-ANIMALS; OINTMENT; DONOVANI; TRIAL; DRUGS AB Cutaneous leishmaniasis is presently treated with 20 days of parenteral therapy with a frequently toxic drug (antimony). Topical formulations of paromomycin (15%) plus methylbenzethonium chloride (MBCL, 12%) or plus urea (10%) in soft white paraffin have been tested for Old and New World disease in humans. We compared the efficacy of a new topical formulation, WR 279,396 (paromomycin [15%] plus gentamicin [0.5%]) to the clinical formulations in the treatment of cutaneous disease in BALB/c mice. Sixty-day-old lesions were treated twice a day for 10 days, and the response to therapy was determined over a further 70 days. For ulcers due to Leishmania major or to Leishmania mexicana, 100% of lesions in the WR 279,396 group healed by day 20 after therapy and did not relapse by day 70; 83% of lesions healed without relapse in the paromomycin-MBCL group. In the paromomycin-urea group, 100% of L. major lesions healed by day 30 but 30% relapsed. For ulcers due to Leishmania panamensis or Leishmania amazonensis, all lesions treated with WR 179,396 healed and did not relapse: <50% of lesions treated with paromomycin-MBCL healed by day 30, and all lesions relapsed by day 70. In addition to bring active, WR 279,396 was not toxic in this model and appears to have a cosmetic effect (promoting hair growth, healing, and limiting the size of the scar). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Grogl, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 25 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 85 IS 2 BP 354 EP 359 DI 10.2307/3285646 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 184XB UT WOS:000079638100030 PM 10219319 ER PT J AU Breault, LG Fowler, EB Billman, MA AF Breault, LG Fowler, EB Billman, MA TI Retained free gingival graft rugae: A 9-year case report SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mouth mucosa; grafts, gingival; palate/surgery; tissue transplantation; follow-up studies AB In the oral cavity, masticatory mucosa covers the hard palate and gingiva. The epithelium of masticatory mucosa is relatively thick compared to other oral tissues. This results in firmness and immobility necessary to withstand the forces of mastication, In the anterior aspect of the hard palate, long papillae within the lamina propria and thick dense collagenous tissue are found under the transverse ridges or rugae. Though palatal rugae are generally avoided during soft tissue grafting, there are few literature references detailing the consequences of transplanting tissue from the anterior palate which contains rugae. The following case report describes retained palatal rugae in a free gingival graft, which had been transplanted to an edentulous ridge 9 years earlier. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Periodont Residency Training Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Breault, LG (reprint author), 607 Gorgas Rd, Wahiawa, HI 96786 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD APR PY 1999 VL 70 IS 4 BP 438 EP 440 DI 10.1902/jop.1999.70.4.438 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 192RU UT WOS:000080093400012 PM 10328656 ER PT J AU Schlenker, BR Britt, TW AF Schlenker, BR Britt, TW TI Beneficial impression management: Strategically controlling information to help friends SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SELF-SERVING ATTRIBUTIONS; CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS; INTERPERSONAL PROCESSES; SOCIAL-CONTEXT; SATISFACTION; ENHANCEMENT; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR; ESTEEM; STRESS AB It was hypothesized that people will strategically regulate information about the identities of friends to help them create desired impressions on audiences. Experiment 1 demonstrated that participants described a friend consistently with the qualities preferred by an attractive, opposite-sex individual but inconsistently with the qualities preferred by an unattractive, opposite-sex individual. Experiment 2 showed that a friend who had a high social need to make a good impression on an interviewer was described more positively than a friend who did not have such a need or a stranger regardless of social need. Impression management to benefit friends by promoting and protecting their desired identities may be one of the more common and pleasant forms of help giving in everyday life. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Psychol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Operat Stress Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Schlenker, BR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Psychol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 68 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-3514 J9 J PERS SOC PSYCHOL JI J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 76 IS 4 BP 559 EP 573 DI 10.1037/0022-3514.76.4.559 PG 15 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 191NQ UT WOS:000080028800004 ER PT J AU Evans, MD AF Evans, MD TI Leader development - Make it part of the curriculum SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn, W Point, NY 10966 USA. RP Evans, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn, W Point, NY 10966 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD APR PY 1999 VL 125 IS 2 BP 31 EP 31 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 179QF UT WOS:000079339600001 ER PT J AU Hondrum, SO AF Hondrum, SO TI Storage stability of dental luting agents SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID STATES-ARMY INSTITUTE; GLASS-IONOMER CEMENTS; SHELF-LIFE SURVEY AB Statement of problem. Mechanical properties are considered to be important to the clinical success of dental cements. Storage time of dental luting agents (dental cements) before use and at the manufacturer may have substantial effects on their properties. Purpose. This study observed and investigated the changes in the properties of water-based dental luting agents over time and on exposure to Various environmental conditions. Methods and material. Properties of zinc phosphate, zinc polycarboxylate, and glass-ionomer luting agents were recorded at baseline and at intervals past 84 months, whereas the materials were exposed to controlled storage conditions as well as various conditions typical of clinical situations. Tests included viscosity, diametral tensile strength, ultimate compressive strength, rigidity, hardness, and working/setting times. Results. Viscosity increased over 24 to 60 months for the acidic polymer liquids (zinc polycarboxylate and glass ionomer). Tensile and compressive strengths began to decrease after 36 months for all cements, most acutely for glass ionomer. Conclusion. Changes in critical properties on aging may not be noticed by the clinician and yet may impact clinical success. These data emphasize the importance of storage stability for perishable dental materials and portend the need for standardized tests. C1 USA, Dent Lab, Dent Mat Lab, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Hondrum, SO (reprint author), USA, Dent Lab, Dent Mat Lab, Bldg 322, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD APR PY 1999 VL 81 IS 4 BP 464 EP 468 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(99)80015-8 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 184PJ UT WOS:000079621000015 PM 10095218 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, MR Hall, RL AF Chowdhury, MR Hall, RL TI Dynamic performance evaluation of gate vibration SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID MASS AB This paper demonstrates how the use of appropriately scaled model experiments can effectively be used to evaluate the dynamic performance of a new gate system. The physical scale models studied in this investigation are exact replicas of the innovative hydraulically actuated wickets to be placed at the Olmsted Locks and Dam for controlling water flow and maintaining a navigable pool on the lower Ohio River. Operating shapes of the flow-induced gate motion at critical configurations are compared with the wet characteristic modes of the wicket to determine the potential resonant vibration problem. These wet modes are extracted such that the effects of structural and hydraulic boundary conditions of the flow field are accounted for in the modal experiment. Experimental results indicate that random energy contents of an ambient excitation can readily be used to estimate the physical characteristic modes of a wet structure. The study also shows that operational deflected shapes for potentially alarming excitations can be compared with such wet natural modes to identify resonance problems. This evaluation procedure demonstrates the convenience in using ambient vibration for the detection of self-excitation problems during the service life of the system. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Chowdhury, MR (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 1999 VL 125 IS 4 BP 445 EP 452 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:4(445) PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 178RR UT WOS:000079280500010 ER PT J AU Lehner, CJ Oates, DE Habib, YM Dresselhaus, G Dresselhaus, MS AF Lehner, CJ Oates, DE Habib, YM Dresselhaus, G Dresselhaus, MS TI Modeling the microwave impedance of high-T-c long Josephson junctions SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium on High-Temperature Superconductors in High-Frequency Fields CY JUN 22-25, 1998 CL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN DE microwave surface impedance; nonlinear effects; Josephson vortices; long junctions; bicrystal junctions ID COUPLED-GRAIN MODEL; THIN-FILMS; POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPERCONDUCTORS; SURFACE IMPEDANCE; YBA2CU3O7-X; LOSSES; LINKS; WEAK AB A circuit model is presented for Josephson junctions (JJs) that solves the nonlinear long-junction equation, driven by a nonuniform current distribution. This extended resistively shunted junction (ERSJ) model consists of a parallel array of ideal resistively shunted JJs coupled by inductors. The junction array is connected to an array of current sources that simulate the time- and space-dependent current distribution in a stripline. The rf-current dependent complex impedance of a long JJ calculated using this model agrees with measured data on a YBCO grain-boundary JJ and provides an explanation of the measured steps in the resistance resulting from the creation, annihilation, and motion of Josephson vortices under the influence of rf currents. This model contributes to a better understanding of the power-handling characteristics of high-T-c microwave devices, in which the power losses are believed to result from JJ effects associated with imperfections in the films. The model also predicts second-harmonic generation with a highly nonlinear and nonmonotonic power dependence. Details of the dynamics of Josephson vortices are presented and discussed. C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Rome Lab, Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA 01731 USA. MIT, Francis Bitter Natl Magnet Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA. RP Lehner, CJ (reprint author), USMA, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD APR PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 363 EP 375 DI 10.1023/A:1007705400222 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 185KN UT WOS:000079668300005 ER PT J AU Ravichandran, D Roy, R Ravindranathan, P White, WB AF Ravichandran, D Roy, R Ravindranathan, P White, WB TI Combustion synthesis of hexaaluminate phosphors SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ALUMINATE SINGLE-CRYSTALS; OXIDES AB Green phosphors of the composition Ce1-xTbxMgAl11O19 (0.1 < x < 0.6) were prepared via self-propagating (combustion) synthesis, using urea as a fuel. The phosphors that were produced via the combustion route were fine powders and produced a luminous intensity of 72%, compared to an optimized commercial phosphor, The excitation spectra were characteristic of the Ce3+ cation; however, no Ce3+ emission was observed. Energy transfer from the Ce3+ cation to the Tb3+ cation was complete, and only the 542 nm Tb3+ emission was observed. Concentration quenching occurred with x > 0.5, Scanning electron microscopy images showed a well-crystallized, platelike morphology, with a particle size of 10-20 mu m. C1 Penn State Univ, Mat Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Ravichandran, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. NR 15 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 82 IS 4 BP 1082 EP 1084 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 189WK UT WOS:000079929000042 ER PT J AU Caradonna, F AF Caradonna, F TI Performance measurement and wake characteristics of a model rotor in axial flight SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AHS Technical Specialists Meeting for Rotorcraft Acoustics and Aerodynamics CY OCT 28-30, 1997 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA SP Amer Helicoptor Soc ID TIP VORTEX AB This paper studies the concept of extracting hover performance from model rotor climb data by extrapolating to the limit of zero climb speed, A 2-bladed rotor was mounted horizontally and tested in the 30' x 31' settling chamber of the Ames 7' x 10' #1 wind tunnel. The collective pitch and tunnel speed were varied. Video cameras were used to visualize the flowfield illuminated by pulsed white light sheets. Facility recirculation effects were eliminated at all but the lowest rates of climb. With a steady, non-recirculatory flow, the rotor wake was seen to be fully periodic, with little diffusion of the vortices for several rotor cycles. The variation of the computed figure of merit,vith climb rate compared very well with the experiments and it is shown that extrapolation is a good method to get an accurate value for the hover figure of merit The transition to the far wake was seen to occur through a periodic pairing of the tip vortices, Followed by their merging into a single diffuse vortex for each rotor cycle, The number of discrete vortex turns in the near wake before the pairing varied with the thrust coefficient and rate of climb. The climb-extrapolation method appears to be a reliable and practical approach to obtaining performance data which are free of facility recirculation effects. C1 USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Ames Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Caradonna, F (reprint author), USA, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Ames Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. OI Gregory, James/0000-0002-8589-8758 NR 16 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 44 IS 2 BP 101 EP 108 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 193NK UT WOS:000080142700003 ER PT J AU Strawn, RC Duque, EPN Ahmad, J AF Strawn, RC Duque, EPN Ahmad, J TI Rotorcraft aeroacoustics computations with overset-grid CFD methods SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Helicopter-Society 54th Annual Forum CY MAY 22-24, 1998 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Helicopter Soc ID HELICOPTER NOISE; FORMULATION; PREDICTION AB This paper describes a new method for computing the flowfield and acoustic signature of arbitrary rotors in forward flight. The overall scheme solves the Navier-Stokes equations on a system of overset grids. These grids allow for prescribed cyclic and napping blade motions and capture the interactions between the rotor blades and wake, The far-field noise is computed with an acoustic integral over a surface that completely encloses the rotor blades. Interpolations onto this acoustic surface use the same overset-grid techniques that are used for the flowfield solution. As a demonstration of the overall prediction scheme, computed and experimental far-field noise results are compared in cases with high-speed impulsive (HSI) and blade-vortex interaction (BVI) noise. Computed HSI noise shows excellent agreement with experimental data in the plane of the rotor, Out-of-plane HSI and BVI predictions require improved grid resolution in the rotor wake to capture the details of the high-frequency loading noise. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Ames Res Ctr,AVRDEC, Army NASA Rotocraft Div,Aeroflightdynam Directora, Moffett Field, CA USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, MCAT Inc, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Strawn, RC (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Ames Res Ctr,AVRDEC, Army NASA Rotocraft Div,Aeroflightdynam Directora, Moffett Field, CA USA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 44 IS 2 BP 132 EP 140 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 193NK UT WOS:000080142700006 ER PT J AU Deb, S Martin, B Sun, L Ruff, P Burris, D Rich, N DeBreux, S Austin, B Rhee, P AF Deb, S Martin, B Sun, L Ruff, P Burris, D Rich, N DeBreux, S Austin, B Rhee, P TI Resuscitation with lactated Ringer's solution in rats with hemorrhagic shock induces immediate apoptosis SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma/Trauma-Association-of-Can ada CY SEP 24-26, 1998 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma, Trauma Assoc Canada DE programmed cell death; liver; small intestine; lactated Ringer's solution; tunnel ID ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; CELL-DEATH; TRAUMA-HEMORRHAGE; DISEASE; PHASE AB Background: We hypothesize that different resuscitative fluids may immediately affect the degree of apoptosis after hemorrhagic shock, Methods: Rats (n = 35) were hemorrhaged 27 mL/kg over 5 minutes followed by 1 hour of shock, then resuscitation over I hour. The sis treatment groups were sham hemorrhage, sham resuscitation, whole blood resuscitation, lactated Ringer's solution (LR) resuscitation with three times the volume bled, sham hemorrhage with LR infusion, and 7.5% hypertonic saline resuscitation (9.7 mL/kg), Liver and small intestine were harvested immediately after resuscitation, Apoptosis was evaluated by using in situ cell death detection method. Results: Resuscitation with LR resulted in a significant increase in small intestinal and liver apoptosis, Animals that received LR infusion without hemorrhage had an increased level of apoptosis in the intestine, Apoptosis in the intestine was observed in both the mucosa and muscularis externa, There was no increase in apoptosis in either organ in the animals resuscitated with sham resuscitation, whole blood, and hypertonic saline compared with the sham hemorrhage group. Conclusion: Resuscitation with LR solution after hemorrhagic shock increased immediate cell death by apoptosis in both the small intestine and liver. There was no significant increase in apoptosis in the animal resuscitated with hypertonic saline, whole blood, or in unresuscitated animals. Thus, the type of resuscitation fluid used may affect the apoptotic cellular response to shock. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rhee, P (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 24 TC 79 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD APR PY 1999 VL 46 IS 4 BP 582 EP 588 DI 10.1097/00005373-199904000-00005 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 187WA UT WOS:000079810000009 PM 10217219 ER PT J AU Gao, CL Dean, RC Pinto, A Mooneyhan, R Connelly, RR McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Moul, JW AF Gao, CL Dean, RC Pinto, A Mooneyhan, R Connelly, RR McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Moul, JW TI Detection of circulating prostate specific antigen expressing prostatic cells in the bone marrow of radical prostatectomy patients by sensitive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; prostate-specific antigen; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; staging, tumor; prognosis ID REACTION ASSAY; MESSENGER-RNA; CANCER-CELLS; LYMPH-NODES; TUMOR-CELLS; CARCINOMA; MICROMETASTASES; DIAGNOSIS; PCR AB Purpose: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for prostate specific antigen (PSA) expressing cells in the blood circulation has been under intense investigation since 1992. Although it has been suggested that this technology could be used as molecular staging for occult prostatic hematogenous metastases, we have been unable to confirm RT-PCR PSA positivity of peripheral blood to predict stage or recurrence in radical prostatectomy cases. We performed bone marrow RT-PCR PSA assay on a large cohort of radical prostatectomy cases and evaluate the use of this assay in improving prostate cancer staging and detecting early recurrence. Materials and Methods: Unilateral anterior iliac crest bone marrow aspirates were performed on 116 patients immediately before radical prostatectomy between February 1995 and September 1997. Radical prostatectomy specimens were processed as whole mounts. A sensitive nested RT-PCR assay with specific primers derived from the PSA sequence was used, which enabled us to detect PSA expressing LNCaP prostate cancer cells at the sensitivity of 1 cancer cell per 10 million lymphocytes (1/10(7)). A minimum of 3 RT-PCR PSA reactions were performed on all patients and at least 2 positive tests were required to define positivity. Patients were followed for PSA recurrence (mean followup 14.7 months). Results: PSA expressing cells were detected in bone marrow of 51 of 116 patients (44.0%) when at least 2 of 3 RT-PCR PSA assays per patient were positive. A much higher rate of RT-PCR PSA positivity was noted (77/116 patients, 66.3%) when any RT-PCR PSA positivity was considered. In 10 randomly selected cases the RT-PCR product was confirmed as PSA by deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing. Of 51 bone marrow RT-PCR positive cases 25 (49%) had organ confined disease and 26 (51%) had nonorgan confined disease. Similarly, bone marrow RT-PCR PSA was not associated with age, race, grade, pretreatment PSA or prostatic acid phosphatase value, clinical stage or margin status. However, the 2-year disease-free survival was 96.6% in RT-PCR negative patients versus 77.5% in RT-PCR positive patients (p = 0.054), and bone marrow RT-PCR PSA was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis including PSA, Gleason grade and pathological stage. Conclusions: Bone marrow RT-PCR PSA positivity in this study did not predict pathological stage, grade or margin positivity as determined from whole mount prostate cancer specimens. Furthermore, no relationship with age, grade or serum markers and bone marrow RT-PCR PSA positivity was noted. However, bone marrow RT-PCR PSA was associated with early disease recurrence. Further studies and longer followup are warranted to define the metastatic potential of the PSA expressing cells in the bone marrow of prostate cancer patients. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 37 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 161 IS 4 BP 1070 EP 1076 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)61592-1 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 174BJ UT WOS:000079014000003 PM 10081840 ER PT J AU Virmani, R Kolodgie, FD Dake, MD Silver, JH Jones, RM Jenkins, M Gillespie, DL AF Virmani, R Kolodgie, FD Dake, MD Silver, JH Jones, RM Jenkins, M Gillespie, DL TI Histopathologic evaluation of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-nitinol stent endoprosthesis in canine iliofemoral arteries SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endothelium; endovascular stent grafts; stents and prostheses ID INTIMAL HYPERPLASIA; CLINICAL-EXPERIENCE; CORONARY-ARTERIES; OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; FEMORAL ARTERIES; TANTALUM STENTS; ILIAC ARTERIES; VASCULAR GRAFT; COVERED STENTS; PALMAZ STENTS AB PURPOSE: The authors assess a new ePTFE-nitinol stent for its long-term patency, healing, and properties of endothelialization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult greyhounds (n = 18) underwent bilateral iliofemoral placement of an endoprosthesis (Hemobahn) consisting of a nitinol stent lined with an ultrathin expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) material. Histologic and quantitative morphometric analyses were performed on devices explanted at 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, The source of endothelialization was examined in four additional devices modified by sealing either the proximal and distal ends or the entire graft with poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP), a nonporous laminate to prevent potential transgraft endothelial cell migration. RESULTS: Device patency assessed with both intravascular ultrasound and histologic study showed minimal arterial stenosis, irrespective of implant duration. The neointima at less than 3 months consisted of fibrin and inflammatory infiltrate; at later time points, it was composed of mostly smooth muscle cells. Flow surfaces were more than 75% endothelialized by 3 months, which was nearly complete by 6 months, Modified endoprostheses entirely enveloped with FEP resulted in endothelialization of only the proximal and distal ends; the middle regions showed nonocclusive thrombi, Conversely, devices wrapped proximally and distally showed nearly complete endothelialization. CONCLUSIONS: This ePTFE-nitinol endoprosthesis demonstrated long-term patency at up to 1 year after implantation and showed early and nearly complete endothelialization by 6 months. The design promoted rapid endothelialization of flow surfaces, particularly in the midregion of the device possibly by transgraft migration. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Cardiovasc Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. WL Gore & Associates Inc, Palo Alto, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Intervent Radiol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Vasc Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Virmani, R (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Cardiovasc Pathol, 14th St & Alaska Ave NW, Washington, DC 20306 USA. OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 42 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 4 BP 445 EP 456 DI 10.1016/S1051-0443(99)70064-3 PG 12 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 187YC UT WOS:000079815600011 PM 10229474 ER PT J AU Lyon, RD Griggs, KA Johnson, AM Olsen, JR AF Lyon, RD Griggs, KA Johnson, AM Olsen, JR TI Long-term follow-up of upper extremity implanted venous access devices in oncology patients SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE catheters and catheterization, complications central venous access ID RADIOLOGIC PLACEMENT; ARM PORTS; PAS-PORT; COMPLICATIONS; EXPERIENCE; CATHETERS; SYSTEM; CHEMOTHERAPY AB PURPOSE: To evaluate function and assess incidence of complications relating to upper extremity implanted venous access devices placed in oncology patients primarily for chemotherapy, MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively evaluated the clinical course of 205 upper extremity implanted venous access devices placed with fluoroscopic and sonographic guidance in 204 patients during a S-year period. All patients had a diagnosis of malignancy for which chemotherapy was planned. Follow-up data were collected by patient examination, direct evaluation of device function, as well as chart review and review of relevant imaging procedures. A modified technique for device placement is described. RESULTS: The devices were placed successfully on the initial attempt in all cases. Clinical follow-up was obtained for 195 devices (95.1%) for a total device service period of 33,619 days (mean service interval 169 days). Seventy-eight devices (40%) had service intervals greater than 180 days. Thirty-seven devices (19% of total devices) led to 39 complications (0.116 event/100 days). No immediate procedural complications were incurred. Eight complications occurred after 180 days of port service. Nineteen devices (9.7% of total devices followed) required removal as a result of complication. Common complications included port malfunction requiring urokinase to clear (n = 10; 0.030 event/100 days), ipsilateral upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (n = 9; 0.027), and local infection (n = 7, 0.021), A comparison of these results relative to other published series of similar devices placed for mixed indications is presented. CONCLUSIONS: Implanted venous access devices are an effective means of long-term venous access in oncology patients. Complication rates in this large series compared favorably to other published radiologic and surgical series. Analysis of complications in a subgroup of extended use implanted venous access devices (greater than 180 days follow-up) showed no statistically significant (P < .05) difference from the larger group of devices. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Lyon, RD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 4 BP 463 EP 471 DI 10.1016/S1051-0443(99)70066-7 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 187YC UT WOS:000079815600013 PM 10229476 ER PT J AU Ducharme, SE Herring, D Tripp, HF AF Ducharme, SE Herring, D Tripp, HF TI Unilateral iliac vein occlusion, caused by bladder enlargement, simulating deep venous thrombosis SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID URINARY-BLADDER; OBSTRUCTION AB A variety of conditions cause unilateral leg swelling and thus mimic deep venous thrombosis (DVT). A heretofore-underappreciated condition that may lead to unilateral iliac vein compression, simulating DVT, is massive enlargement-of the bladder caused by urinary retention. A case that demonstrates this condition is described. Although this disorder has been reported only three times before, its occurrence should be recognized by clinicians in light-of the overall aging of our society. In addition, this case highlights the need for careful and thorough evaluation of patients who have unilateral lower-extremity edema. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg, Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg Serv, MCHE,SDC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tripp, HF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg, Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg Serv, MCHE,SDC, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 29 IS 4 BP 724 EP 726 PG 3 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 184TD UT WOS:000079628800022 PM 10194504 ER PT J AU Hilliard, JK Ward, JAJA AF Hilliard, JK Ward, JAJA TI B-Virus specific-pathogen-free breeding colonies of macaques (Macaca mulatta): Retrospective study of seven years of testing SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HERPESVIRUS-SIMIAE; RHESUS MACAQUES AB Background and Purpose: National Institutes of Health's Division of Comparative Medicine has sponsored a multi-institutional program for the establishment of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) macaque colonies, B virus (Herpesvirus simiae, Cereopithecine herpesvirus type 1) has been targeted in this surveillance, Participating institutions have established individual timetables for frequency of testing and types of monitoring and husbandry techniques, all with the common goal of producing pathogen-free monkeys for research. The greatest biosecurity threat to the program comes from failure to detect seronegative latent infections, either in first-year macaques or macaques introduced in subsequent years, although these are supposed to operate as closed colonies, Methods: From January 1990 through December 1996, we screened macaques for B virus, using enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis, Results: During the first year, 1,097 macaques from six colonies were tested, and 88.4% tested negative for B virus, During the seventh year, 1,843 were tested, of which 99.7% tested negative, Seropositive macaques were detected as late as the seventh year. Conclusions: An aggressive program to establish an SPF colony of captive breeding macaques can be effective in reducing the risk of B-virus exposure. C1 SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hilliard, JK (reprint author), SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Virol & Immunol, POB 28147, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [NIHRR05062] NR 8 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 2 BP 144 EP 148 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 192MC UT WOS:000080082000005 PM 10331543 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Gold dust and gunsmoke: Tales of Gold Rush outlaws, gunfighters, lawmen, and vigilantes. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 124 IS 6 BP 112 EP 112 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 180RB UT WOS:000079398000151 ER PT J AU Deb, KK AF Deb, KK TI A protein microbolometer for focal plane arrays SO MATERIALS RESEARCH INNOVATIONS LA English DT Article DE IR bolometers; uncooled detectors; ferricytochrome c; DNA; temperature coefficient of resistance ID FILMS AB Conventional forward-looking infrared (FLIR) devices made of a cooled platinum silicide, cooled mercury-cadmium-telluride, or indium antimonide are costly, in part, because they require an initial cool-down period and need additional power for a cooling pump. Using proteins and DNAs in an uncooled microbolometer will significantly improve the performance of the current technology. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Deb, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1432-8917 J9 MATER RES INNOV JI Mater. Res. Innov. PD APR PY 1999 VL 2 IS 6 BP 318 EP 320 DI 10.1007/s100190050106 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 196PM UT WOS:000080316800003 ER PT J AU Pappu, S Kennedy, C Murr, LE Magness, LS Kapoor, D AF Pappu, S Kennedy, C Murr, LE Magness, LS Kapoor, D TI Microstructure analysis and comparison of tungsten alloy rod and [001] oriented columnar-grained tungsten rod ballistic penetrators SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE tungsten heavy alloy; microstructure; columnar-grained; sub-grain ID HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT; COPPER TARGETS; DEFORMATION; COMPOSITES AB Tungsten heavy alloy (WHA) penetrator rods (93% W particles in a matrix of 4.9% Ni and 2.1% Fe) were compared with [001] columnar-grained W penetrator rods in the as-fabricated condition, and after penetration into thick targets at impact velocities of 1 and 1.5 km s(-1), respectively. Light metallography and transmission electron microscopy revealed the initial W microstructures to be similar arrangements of predominantly a[111]/2 screw dislocations. The in-target (deformed) microstructures were characterized by recovered and elongated sub-grains having misorientations ranging from 1 to 5 degrees. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Mat Res, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Murr, LE (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. OI Murr, Lawrence/0000-0001-5942-8376 NR 21 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 262 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 128 DI 10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00997-6 PG 14 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 177VE UT WOS:000079231100014 ER PT J AU Ting, TCT Chou, SC AF Ting, TCT Chou, SC TI One-dimensional constitutive equation for temperature-rate sensitive materials SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE strain-rate sensitivity; temperature-rate sensitivity; constitutive equations; stress-strain laws AB It is known that there are materials that are strain-rate and temperature-rate sensitive (Babcock, S.G., Michaels, T.E., Langan, J.J., Scherloh, F.L., Norvey, D.B., Green, S.J., Characterization of three aluminum alloys, Final report to Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center, Watertown, MA, AMMRC CR 71-3, 1971; Chou, S.C., Dandekar, D.P., Green, J.L., Martin, A.G., Swanson, R.A., Frankel, J., Ganguly, J., Lopatin, C., Deformation behavior of SiC/2014 Al Metal-Matrix composite, Technical Report to Army Materials Technology Laboratory, MTL TR 89-42, 1989). Their stress-strain relations depend on the temperature as well as on how fast the temperature is raised. We propose a constitutive relation that describes the response of this class of materials. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. USA, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ting, TCT (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 842 W Taylor St,MC 246, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD APR PY 1999 VL 31 IS 4 BP 289 EP 293 DI 10.1016/S0167-6636(98)00072-6 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 183HV UT WOS:000079548900003 ER PT J AU Sayers, SP Harackiewicz, DV Harman, EA Frykman, PN Rosenstein, MT AF Sayers, SP Harackiewicz, DV Harman, EA Frykman, PN Rosenstein, MT TI Cross-validation of three jump power equations SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE jump-and-reach test; peak power; Lewis formula; press statistic ID COUNTERMOVEMENT AB The vertical jump-and-reach score is used as a component in the estimation of peak mechanical power in two equations put forth by Lewis and Harman et al. Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to: 1) cross-validate the two equations using the vertical jump-and-reach test, 2) develop a more accurate equation from a large heterogeneous population, 3) analyze gender differences and jump protocols, and 4) assess Predicted Residual Sum of Squares (PRESS) as a cross-validation procedure. Methods: One hundred eight college-age male and female athletes and nonathletes were tested on a force platform. They performed three maximal effort vertical jumps each of the squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) while simultaneously performing the vertical jump-and-reach test.:Regression analysis was used to predict peak power from body mass and vertical jump height. Results: SJ data yielded a better power prediction equation than did CMJ data because of the greater variability in CMJ technique. The following equation was derived from SJ data: Peak Power (W) = 60.7 X (jump height [cm]) + 45.3 X (body mass [kg]) - 2055. This equation revealed greater accuracy than either the Lewis or previous Harman ct al. equations and underestimated peak power by less than 1%, with a SEE of 355.0 W using SJ protocol. The use of one equation for both males and females resulted in only a slight (5% of power output) difference between genders. Using CMJ data in the SJ-derived equation resulted in only a 2.7% overestimation of peak power. Cross-validation of regression equations using PRESS reveals accurate and reliable R-2 and SEE values. Conclusions: The SJ equation is a slightly more accurate equation than that derived from CMJ data. This equation should be used in the determination of peak power in place of the formulas developed by both Harman et al, and Lewis. Separate equations for males and females are unnecessary. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Comp Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Cent Connecticut State Univ, Dept Educ Phys, New Britain, CT 06050 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Sayers, SP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Exercise Sci, Room 110,Totman Bldg, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Enright, Kevin/A-5349-2011 NR 11 TC 133 Z9 135 U1 2 U2 45 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 31 IS 4 BP 572 EP 577 DI 10.1097/00005768-199904000-00013 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 184CP UT WOS:000079592000013 PM 10211854 ER PT J AU Chapin, MG AF Chapin, MG TI A comparison of violence exposure and perpetration in recruits and high school students SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STRESS-DISORDER SYMPTOMS; ABUSE; SOLDIERS; FEMALE; TRAUMA AB This study compared the rates of violence perpetration from two groups of young adults. Samples of 782 recruits at U.S. Army basic combat training were surveyed by the author, and 3,700 adolescents from inner-city and suburban schools were surveyed by another researcher to assess levels of premilitary exposure to violence and levels of violence perpetration. Re suits showed that there is a significant positive correlation between levels of violence exposure and levels of violence perpetration in both populations (r = 0.71, p < 0.001 for recruits; r = 0.68, p < 0.001 for civilian high school males). Comparison of the two samples showed that levels of exposure and perpetration were nearly identical at lower levels of violence. However, for more severe forms of violence, the civilian high school sample showed much greater exposure and perpetration levels than the sample of Army recruits, Perpetration of the most lethal forms of violence (attack with a knife or firearm) was 2.6 times greater for the civilian high school sample than for basic training recruits, Selection criteria used by the military to screen out individuals who have felony convictions may be the most likely explanation for this difference. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Inst Res, Dept Soldier & Family Studies, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Chapin, MG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Inst Res, Dept Soldier & Family Studies, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 164 IS 4 BP 264 EP 268 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185JD UT WOS:000079664600007 PM 10226452 ER PT J AU Britt, TW Adler, AB AF Britt, TW Adler, AB TI Stress and health during medical humanitarian assistance missions SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WORK; DEPRESSION AB The present research examined stress and health among service members deployed on a medical humanitarian assistance mission to Kazakstan, Team members were surveyed before and during their deployment. Team members underestimated how much stress they would experience in terms of isolation and inability to help the local population. Team members also used less adaptive coping mechanisms than anticipated and showed elevations in alcohol and cigarette consumption. Despite these negative experiences, reports of depression and physical symptoms did not increase during the deployment. This may have been a function of team members being personally involved in important and relevant work during the humanitarian operation. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Britt, TW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 164 IS 4 BP 275 EP 279 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185JD UT WOS:000079664600009 PM 10226454 ER PT J AU Hines, JF Thomas, AR Call, R Satin, AJ Armstrong, AY Haffner, WHJ AF Hines, JF Thomas, AR Call, R Satin, AJ Armstrong, AY Haffner, WHJ TI Development and use of military-unique standardized gynecology patients in military undergraduate medical education SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL SKILLS; PERFORMANCE; STUDENTS AB Performance-based testing using standardized patients is becoming increasingly popular as a means to assess the clinical competence of medical students. Medical students entering postgraduate training in military treatment facilities have the additional responsibility of military readiness. The increasing number of women In the active armed forces and the diverse missions encountered by the military today necessitate inclusion of military-unique standardized gynecologic patients and scenarios into curricula. We developed a military-unique standardized gynecology patient and scenario and an objective structured clinical examination to evaluate medical students' skills in data gathering and synthesis, development of differential diagnoses, problem solving, and working through military-unique issues of the patient scenario. Integration of an objective structured clinical examination of military-unique gynecology standardized patient scenarios into the obstetrics and gynecology curriculum at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences can lead to successful assessment of student clinical skills and provide a means of ongoing military readiness training. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RP Hines, JF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 164 IS 4 BP 280 EP 282 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185JD UT WOS:000079664600010 PM 10226455 ER PT J AU Emmons, EE Ljaamo, SK AF Emmons, EE Ljaamo, SK TI Active tuberculosis in a deployed field hospital SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH; WAR AB During the deployment of U.S. troops to the former Republic of Yugoslavia in support of Operation Joint Endeavor and the Dayton Peace Accords from December 1995 to December 1996, members of a deployed field hospital were exposed to a case of active tuberculosis from a local civilian worker. Tuberculin skin testing of civilian contacts of the index patient revealed 76% reactivity. Testing of exposed unit members revealed a 1.3% conversion rate upon redeployment, versus a 2.0% conversion rate for redeployed soldiers as a whole. More importantly, tuberculin skin testing of locally hired civilian workers as a whole revealed a 44% background positive rate, raising significant force-protection concerns and highlighting the role of occupational medicine and the need for screening of civilian employees in operations other than war. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Emmons, EE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 164 IS 4 BP 289 EP 292 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185JD UT WOS:000079664600012 PM 10226457 ER PT J AU Gambel, JM Drabick, JJ Swalko, MA Henchal, EA Rossi, CA Martinez-Lopez, L AF Gambel, JM Drabick, JJ Swalko, MA Henchal, EA Rossi, CA Martinez-Lopez, L TI Dengue among United Nations Mission in Haiti personnel, 1995: Implications for preventive medicine SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS; DIAGNOSIS; FEVER AB The incidence of dengue infections has been increasing in the Caribbean, and cases have been identified among successive deployments of multinational peacekeepers to Haiti (1994-1997), In the absence of an effective vaccine or chemoprophylaxis to prevent dengue fever, vector-control operations and use of personal protection measures to prevent arthropod bites are the most effective means of limiting disease transmission, During our 5-month deployment as part of the United Nations Mission in Haiti, 79 cases of recent dengue fever were identified among 249 patients (32%) presenting with febrile illness to the 86th Combat Support Hospital. Further investigation revealed low unit readiness to perform standard vector-control activities and poor individual adherence to measures to prevent arthropod bites. Command enforcement of existing field preventive medicine doctrine is essential to prevent casualties caused by dengue, other arthropod-borne infections, and nuisance arthropod bites during military deployments. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Prevent Med, Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gambel, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Prevent Med, Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 164 IS 4 BP 300 EP 302 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185JD UT WOS:000079664600015 PM 10226460 ER PT J AU Kaplan, KJ Goodman, ZD Ishak, KG AF Kaplan, KJ Goodman, ZD Ishak, KG TI Liver involvement in Langerhans' cell histiocytosis: A study of nine cases SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CD1a; Langerhans' cell histiocytosis; liver; sclerosing cholangitis ID SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS; CHILDREN; TRANSPLANTATION; GRANULOMA; JAUNDICE AB Nine cases of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the liver are presented. Five of the patients had liver involvement only. Other organ systems, notably the lymph nodes and skin, were involved in the other four patients. Four of the patients had sclerosing biliary disease with infiltration of the bile ducts by Langerhans' cells, whereas in two other patients, the biliary sclerosis was not associated with direct hepatic involvement by Langerhans' cells. Histologically, the lesions were composed of focal aggregates of Langerhans' cells in a polymorphous background of mature eosinophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and plasma cells. LCH encompasses a syndrome that has a broad range of clinical presentations and that might involve the liver solely as tumor-like lesions or cystic lesions, or as part of systemic disease. Even when Langerhans' cells are not demonstrable, sclerosing cholangitis can be seen in LCH. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hepat & Gastrointestinal Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Vet Adm Special Reference Lab Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Goodman, ZD (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hepat & Gastrointestinal Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 29 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 12 IS 4 BP 370 EP 378 PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 187RA UT WOS:000079799500006 PM 10229501 ER PT J AU Torrieri, D AF Torrieri, D TI The eigenspace separation transform for neural-network classifiers SO NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE linear transform; classifier; preprocessor; data compression; dimensionality reduction; feature extractor; multilayer perceptron; radial basis function AB This paper presents a linear transform that compresses data in a manner designed to improve the performance of a neural network used as a binary classifier. The classifier is intended to accommodate data distributions that may be non-normal, may have equal class means, may be multimodal, and have unknown a priori probabilities for the two classes. The transform, which is called the eigenspace separation transform, allows the reduction of the size of a neural network while enhancing its generalization accuracy as a binary classifier. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRLISTA, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRLISTA, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0893-6080 J9 NEURAL NETWORKS JI Neural Netw. PD APR PY 1999 VL 12 IS 3 BP 419 EP 427 DI 10.1016/S0893-6080(98)00138-5 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 191JY UT WOS:000080020300003 ER PT J AU Satin, AJ Hines, JF Rosa, C Armstrong, AY Haffner, WHJ AF Satin, AJ Hines, JF Rosa, C Armstrong, AY Haffner, WHJ TI A survey of military residencies regarding 4th-year medical school clerkships SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Objective: To determine the value of 4th-year medical student clerkships assessed by military obstetric and gynecologic program directors and residents. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to all Department of Defense obstetric and gynecologic residency program directors and residents. All of the program directors and 124 of 194 (64%) residents responded, reporting the value of 4th-year medical student clerkships for students entering their programs. Descriptive statistics are reported. Results: Primary care clerkships were valued most highly by program directors who valued obstetric and gynecologic clerkships at their program sites or audition electives higher than those done at other sites. Residents most highly valued obstetric and gynecologic and intensive care clerkships. Most surgical subspecialties were believed to be of minimal or no value. Conclusion: For students entering their programs, military program directors plated the highest value on primary care clerkships. Program directors also highly valued obstetric and gynecologic clerkships at their programs, whereas residents considered obstetric and gynecologic and intensive care clerkships to be most helpful. (Obstet Gynecol 1999;93: 618-21.). C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, San Antonio, TX USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Satin, AJ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 93 IS 4 BP 618 EP 621 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 179ER UT WOS:000079313100030 PM 10214846 ER PT J AU Vincent, JM O'Brien, MM Person, DA Cook, BA AF Vincent, JM O'Brien, MM Person, DA Cook, BA TI Leptospirosis and pancreatitis - Reply SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID ABDOMINAL-PAIN; SERUM AMYLASE; RENAL-FAILURE; LIPASE C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Vincent, JM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 18 IS 4 BP 400 EP 400 DI 10.1097/00006454-199904000-00028 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 184ZU UT WOS:000079644300027 ER PT J AU Fenton, CL Lukes, Y Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Fenton, CL Lukes, Y Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI The ret/PTC mutations are common in sporadic papillary thyroid cancer in children SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USUHS, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 512 BP 89A EP 89A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-00529 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476700513 ER PT J AU Ramirez, RE Fenton, CL Patel, A Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Ramirez, RE Fenton, CL Patel, A Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI Over-expression of c-MET is associated with increased recurrence in childhood thyroid cancer SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USUHS, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 557 BP 96A EP 96A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-00574 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476700558 ER PT J AU Vincent, JM Nauschwetz, WF Lipton, A Ono, CM Costello, CN Kelsey, L Hsue, G Jackson, LA Tachdjian, R Cotter, PA Gornbein, JA Cherry, JD AF Vincent, JM Nauschwetz, WF Lipton, A Ono, CM Costello, CN Kelsey, L Hsue, G Jackson, LA Tachdjian, R Cotter, PA Gornbein, JA Cherry, JD TI The comparison of single serum antibody values against B-pertussis, C-pneumoniae, and M-pneumoniae antigens in active duty American soldiers in Korea who had prolonged cough illnesses (cases) with similar antibody values in sera from well active duty soldiers in Hawaii (controls) SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Epidemiol, KOR,Infantry Div 2, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Pathobiol, KOR,Infantry Div 2, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 1034 BP 177A EP 177A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-01051 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476701035 ER PT J AU Berkenbaugh, JT Larkin, HR O'Neill, JT AF Berkenbaugh, JT Larkin, HR O'Neill, JT TI Neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition disrupts autoregulation of cerebral blood flow during increased cerebral perfusion pressure in newborn piglets SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 1086 BP 186A EP 186A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-01103 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476701087 ER PT J AU Gries, DM Iwamoto, LM Tam, EK Nakamura, KT AF Gries, DM Iwamoto, LM Tam, EK Nakamura, KT TI The influence of nitric oxide on newborn guinea pig lung function SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hawaii, Kapiolani Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 2073 BP 351A EP 351A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-02089 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476702073 ER PT J AU Iwamoto, LM Gries, DM Nakamura, KT AF Iwamoto, LM Gries, DM Nakamura, KT TI In vitro confirmation of relaxation to furosemide in human airway SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Kapiolani Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 MA 2076 BP 352A EP 352A DI 10.1203/00006450-199904020-02092 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 182AQ UT WOS:000079476702076 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Eavesdropping optimization for quantum cryptography using a positive operator-valued measure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION GAIN; NONORTHOGONAL STATES; DISTURBANCE; SECURITY; CLONING; SYSTEMS AB It is demonstrated that the eavesdropping optimization obtained recently by Slutsky et al. [Phys. Rev. A 57, 2383 (1998)] for Bennett's two-state protocol of key distribution in quantum cryptography holds, not only for the case in which an ordinary von Neumann projective measure is implemented by the legitimate receiver, but also for the case in which a positive operator-valued measure is implemented, as in Brandt et al. [Phys. Rev. A 56, 4456 (1997)]. In both cases, identical expressions hold for both the Renyi information gained by the eavesdropper and for the error rate induced by the eavesdropper in terms of the parameters characterizing the key distribution system and the eavesdropper's probe. [S1050-2947(99)03004-8]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 1999 VL 59 IS 4 BP 2665 EP 2669 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.2665 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 184JT UT WOS:000079609100023 ER PT J AU Bouferguene, A Ema, I Weatherford, CA AF Bouferguene, A Ema, I Weatherford, CA TI Nonadiabatic polarization potentials in electron- and positron-molecule scattering: Application to e(-)+H-2 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID E-N2 COLLISIONS; EXCHANGE AB The nonpenetrating approximation appears to be the simplest way to allow one to incorporate nonadiabatic effects in the polarization potential calculated by means of the polarized orbital method. Unfortunately, this: approximation is nor well suited for an efficient implementation in quantum chemistry codes which, nowadays, use exclusively Gaussian-type orbitals. This computational limitation is remedied by replacing the incident point charge by a spherical Gaussian charge distribution, the exponent of which is suitably chosen. In so doing, wt: obtain a very efficient numerical algorithm that may be used with any molecular target regardless of its complexity or geometry. [S1050-2947(99)10201-4]. C1 Florida A&M Univ, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. Florida A&M Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. RP Bouferguene, A (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Dept Chem, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD APR PY 1999 VL 59 IS 4 BP 2712 EP 2718 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.59.2712 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 184JT UT WOS:000079609100031 ER PT J AU Armstrong, TA Barish, K Bennett, SJ Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM De Cataldo, G Davies, R Dee, PR Diebold, GE Fachini, P Finch, LE George, NK Giglietto, N Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, RA Huang, HZ Kim, B Kumar, BS Lainus, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Li, Q Li, Y Libby, B Maguire, CF Majka, RD Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Raino, A Reid, JD Rimai, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, R Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Spinelli, P Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS Van Buren, G Wohn, FK Zhao, K AF Armstrong, TA Barish, K Bennett, SJ Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM De Cataldo, G Davies, R Dee, PR Diebold, GE Fachini, P Finch, LE George, NK Giglietto, N Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, RA Huang, HZ Kim, B Kumar, BS Lainus, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Li, Q Li, Y Libby, B Maguire, CF Majka, RD Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Raino, A Reid, JD Rimai, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, R Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Spinelli, P Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS Van Buren, G Wohn, FK Zhao, K TI Search for neutral strange quark matter in high energy heavy ion collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID H DIBARYON; GEV/C SI; PARTICLES; SEPARATION; PHASES; DECAY; BEAM AB We present results of a search for neutral strange quark matter (strangelets) in 11.6A GeV/c Aut-Pb reactions from the 1995 run of experiment E864 at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. We have sampled approximately 1.3 billion 10% most central Au+Pb interactions and have observed no statistically significant signal for neutral strangelet states with baryon number in the range 620 GeV/c(2) These limits are the first limits reported on the production of heavy neutral strangelets. They complement searches for positively and negatively charged strangelets also conducted by our collaboration. We discuss the implications of these results on strangelet production mechanisms and the stability of strange quark matter. [S0556-2813(99)50504-9]. C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Univ Bari, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Bari, Italy. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RI giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012 OI giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888 NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR PY 1999 VL 59 IS 4 BP R1829 EP R1833 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.R1829 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 188HJ UT WOS:000079840500001 ER PT J AU Pasquina, PF O'Connor, FG AF Pasquina, PF O'Connor, FG TI Olecranon fracture sustained in arm wrestling SO PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE LA English DT Article AB This case report describes an arm-wrestling injury in which a violent triceps contraction was determined to have caused an olecranon fracture, Such a fracture has not been reported in arm wrestling; more typical are fractures of the humeral shaft or medial epicondyle, The authors suggest awareness of this potential and recommend appropriate radiographic studies for injuries involving intense muscle contraction. The patient was treated conservatively. After rehabilitation, he was able to return to his job, which involved lifting, but did not resume arm wrestling. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Ambulatory Care Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Pasquina, PF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Ambulatory Care Clin, 6825 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 USA SN 0091-3847 J9 PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED JI Physician Sportsmed. PD APR PY 1999 VL 27 IS 4 BP 81 EP + PG 4 WC Primary Health Care; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 182UE UT WOS:000079515900014 PM 20086713 ER PT J AU Lee, RH Gamble, WB Robertson, B Manson, PN AF Lee, RH Gamble, WB Robertson, B Manson, PN TI The MCFONTZL classification system for soft-tissue injuries to the face SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SKIN TENSION LINES; TRAUMA AB A review of the literature and case records reflected a need for the development of a clinically applicable assessment scheme and classification system for soft-tissue laceration injuries to the face. Herein, a systematic approach ibr assessing facial lacerations is proposed based on location, depth of penetration, branching, directionality, size, presence of soft-tissue defect, and translation of such injuries into the current procedural terminology (CPT) code. Moreover, a new classification system for facial laceration injuries is presented that may serve as the basis for simplification of current billing codes. Prospective clinical application of this classification system may lead to standardization of facial injury assessment and improvement in the incomplete and inconsistent patient record. This system will establish a reliable database that may identify factors in soft-tissue injuries that contribute to pool aesthetic results or secondary functional deformities. These data will lead to the modification of established treatment plans. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Plast & Reconstruct Surg Serv, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Manson, PN (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, 8152F McElderry,601 N Caroline St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD APR PY 1999 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1150 EP 1157 DI 10.1097/00006534-199904040-00008 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 175RC UT WOS:000079107900008 PM 10088500 ER PT J AU Nosker, T Renfree, R Lutz, M Gillespie, B Lampo, R Van Ness, KE Lynch, J AF Nosker, T Renfree, R Lutz, M Gillespie, B Lampo, R Van Ness, KE Lynch, J TI Developing a recycled plastic/composite railroad tie SO PLASTICS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The authors explain the limitations of standard wooden railroad crossties and describe a project to develop plastic/composite ties as an alternative, The results of testing and the performance of the composite ties in track have been promising. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Packaging Engn, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Conrail, Altoona, PA USA. Norfolk So, Roanoke, VA USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Labs, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. Washington & Lee Univ, Lexington, VA 24450 USA. RP Nosker, T (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Packaging Engn, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD, CT 06804-0403 USA SN 0091-9578 J9 PLAST ENG JI Plast. Eng. PD APR PY 1999 VL 55 IS 4 BP 37 EP + PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 186PN UT WOS:000079738300014 ER PT J AU Mathur, R Fink, BK Advani, SG AF Mathur, R Fink, BK Advani, SG TI Use of genetic algorithms to optimize gate and vent locations for the resin transfer molding process SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article AB Resin infusion processes are finding increasing applications in the manufacture of composite parts that have geometric and material complexities. In such cases, the placement of gates and vents is non-intuitive and may require expensive repetitive experimentation. Finite element based resin flow simulation codes have been successfully used for modeling and analysis of the mold filling process. Such filling simulations, when coupled with a search algorithm, can also prove useful for optimal design of the filling process. Genetic algorithms (GAs) mimic natural selection and can efficiently "evolve" near-global optimal solutions from a large number of alternative solutions, In this paper, GAs are used to optimize gate and vent locations for the resin transfer molding process in order to minimize fill times and dry spot formation. A process performance index or cost function is defined that incorporates the fill time and, dry spot formation as primary variables. A part having material and geometric complexities was chosen for a case study. A genetic algorithm and mold filling:simulations were used interactively to search for optimal gate and vent locations to locate near optimal solutions. The GA was able to find good solutions using: less than 1% of simulations of the possible permutations of gates and vents. The case study was also repeated in the presence of racetracking channels. Again, the optimal locations were found by the GA using less than 1% of all possible combinations, Thus, GAs can be efficiently used for minimization of fill time and dry spot formation through optimal location of gates and vents in RTM processes. However, the optimal location will be a function of the cost function, the choice of which depends on the trade-offs between different factors and the quality of the part desired. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19711 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Engn Mech, Newark, DE 19711 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Advani, SG (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19711 USA. NR 18 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC PLASTICS ENG INC PI BROOKFIELD PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD, CT 06804-0403 USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD APR PY 1999 VL 20 IS 2 BP 167 EP 178 DI 10.1002/pc.10344 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 185MM UT WOS:000079672800001 ER PT J AU Rinaldi, DA AF Rinaldi, DA TI Overview of Phase I trials of multitargeted antifolate (MTA, LY231514) SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Investigators Meeting on MTA, A Novel Multitargeted Antifolate From Preclinical to Phase I and Beyond CY MAR 13-15, 1998 CL IXTAPA, MEXICO SP Eli Lilly & Co C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Western Infirm & Associated Hosp, Beatson Oncol Ctr, Glasgow G11 6NT, Lanark, Scotland. RP Rinaldi, DA (reprint author), 501 W St Mary Blvd,Suite 200, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. NR 9 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 SU 6 BP 82 EP 88 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 188WZ UT WOS:000079873400013 PM 10598560 ER PT J AU Dawson, NA AF Dawson, NA TI Response criteria in prostatic carcinoma SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PALLIATIVE END-POINTS; LOW-DOSE PREDNISONE; ACID-PHOSPHATASE; HORMONAL-THERAPY; CLINICAL-TRIALS; BONE-SCAN; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; ENDOCRINE TREATMENT C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dawson, NA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 86 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 BP 174 EP 184 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 187ZL UT WOS:000079818900005 PM 10597728 ER PT J AU Lane, MJ Mindelzun, RE AF Lane, MJ Mindelzun, RE TI Appendicitis and its mimickers SO SEMINARS IN ULTRASOUND CT AND MRI LA English DT Article ID RIGHT COLON; SIGMOID DIVERTICULITIS; BARIUM ENEMA; CT; DIAGNOSIS; EXPERIENCE; TORSION C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Lane, MJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0887-2171 J9 SEMIN ULTRASOUND CT JI Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI PD APR PY 1999 VL 20 IS 2 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.1016/S0887-2171(99)90039-2 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 187AW UT WOS:000079764600004 PM 10222516 ER PT J AU Katz, DS Lane, MJ Mindelzun, RE AF Katz, DS Lane, MJ Mindelzun, RE TI Unenhanced CT of abdominal and pelvic hemorrhage SO SEMINARS IN ULTRASOUND CT AND MRI LA English DT Article ID CONTRAST-ENHANCED CT; BILATERAL ADRENAL HEMORRHAGE; HIGH-ATTENUATING CRESCENT; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; AORTIC-ANEURYSM; RETROPERITONEAL HEMORRHAGE; INTRAMURAL HEMATOMA; BLUNT TRAUMA; HELICAL CT; COMPLICATIONS C1 Winthrop Univ Hosp, Dept Radiol, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Radiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Katz, DS (reprint author), Winthrop Univ Hosp, Dept Radiol, 259 1st St, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0887-2171 J9 SEMIN ULTRASOUND CT JI Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI PD APR PY 1999 VL 20 IS 2 BP 94 EP 107 DI 10.1016/S0887-2171(99)90041-0 PG 14 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 187AW UT WOS:000079764600006 PM 10222518 ER PT J AU Reuss, M AF Reuss, M TI The art of scientific precision - River research in the United States Army Corps of Engineers to 1945 SO TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE LA English DT Review ID SCIENCE; TECHNOLOGY; 19TH-CENTURY C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Off Hist, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Reuss, M (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Off Hist, Headquarters, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 113 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4319 USA SN 0040-165X J9 TECHNOL CULT JI Technol. Cult. PD APR PY 1999 VL 40 IS 2 BP 292 EP 323 PG 32 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA 202NL UT WOS:000080658900004 ER PT J AU Forster, JS Ballough, GPH Filbert, MG AF Forster, JS Ballough, GPH Filbert, MG TI Residual acetylcholinesterase activity in the basal lateral amygdala following soman-induced status epilepticus SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BRAIN-DAMAGE; ACUTE NEUROPATHOLOGY; POISONED RATS; AMINO-ACIDS; RECEPTORS; CA-2+ AB Soman (pinacolylmethylphosphonofluoridate) causes seizures and seizure-related brain damage resulting from the ir reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the central nervous system (CNS). The authors have examined the possibility that the loss of AChE reactivity in discrete brain regions may have importance in the development of status epilepticus caused by soman. In these studies, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given GM(1) monosialoganglioside, intracerebroventricularly, via an osmotic minipump. Four days after initiation of GM(1) infusions, rats were injected with 2.25 LD50 soman (83 mu g/kg, im). Electrocorticogram (ECoG) recordings were monitored via indwelling cortical electrodes. All rats were euthanized 27 h after soman administration. Brain tissue was sucrose-saturated, cryostat-sectioned, and processed for AChE histochemistry. A Quantimet 600 Image Analysis System and Biological Microscope were used to assess the optical density of histochemical staining for AChE in the piriform cortex, basolateral amygdaloid nucleus, and caudate putamen. All rats showed ECoG evidence of seizures within 10 min of soman administration. However, 6 of the 11 surviving rats receiving GM(1) infusion did not develop status epilepticus. Statistical analysis of AChE optical densities revealed marked and significant reductions of AChE reactivity in soman-treated rats compared to controls. Soman-treated rats that did not develop status epilepticus had significant levels of residual AChE in, the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus compared to other soman-challenged animals. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR, UV,PN,Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. La Salle Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. RP Forster, JS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR, UV,PN,Div Pharmacol, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 9 IS 2 BP 115 EP 124 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 196PQ UT WOS:000080317100006 ER PT J AU Gao, CL Maheshwari, S Dean, RC Tatum, L Mooneyhan, R Connelly, RR McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Moul, JW AF Gao, CL Maheshwari, S Dean, RC Tatum, L Mooneyhan, R Connelly, RR McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Moul, JW TI Blinded evaluation of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction prostate-specific antigen peripheral blood assay for molecular staging of prostate cancer SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; BONE-MARROW; CIRCULATING CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; LYMPH-NODES; TUMOR-CELLS; CARCINOMA; MICROMETASTASES; DIAGNOSIS; PCR AB Objectives. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay to detect presumed occult micrometastatic prostate cancer has been controversial, and this molecular staging has been thought to be clinically useful by some groups but not others. Methods. We used a sensitive nested RT-PCR assay with specific primers derived from the PSA sequence and a very stringent two-step PCR protocol with denaturing temperature of 94 degrees C annealing and extension temperature of 68 degrees C. This method enabled us to detect PSA-expressing LNCaP prostate cancer (PC) cells as low as one cell of 10 million lymphocytes (1/10(7)). Ninety-six patients with PC were studied, including 85 before radical prostatectomy (RP), and 22 controls, including healthy men and women and men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Results. In 85 patients undergoing RP, a minimum of two independent RT-PCR-PSA assays detected circulating prostate cells preoperatively in 27 patients (31.8%). Of 12 patients with locally advanced or advanced stage cancer, RT-PCR-PSA was positive in 5 (41.7%); of the 22 controls, no patient was RT-PCR-PSA positive. In 10 randomly selected cases, the RT-PCR product was confirmed as PSA by DNA sequencing. Of the 27 patients undergoing RP who were RT-PCR positive, 11 (40.7%) had non-organ-confined disease (pT3a or greater), and of the 58 patients who were RT-PCR negative, 32 (55.2%) had non-organ-confined disease. Patients with RT-PCR positive results also had lower margin positivity (9 of 27, 33.3%) than did patients with RT-PCR negative results (21 of 58, 36.2%). Finally, at a mean follow-up of 25.7 months, 5 (18.5%) of 27 RT-PCR positive patients had recurrence (PSA) compared with 14 (24.1%) of 58 RT-PCR negative patients. Conclusions. On the basis of this blinded study, RT-PCR for PSA-expressing cells in 85 patients before RP is not related to clinical stage, age, race, grade, Gleason sum, serum PSA or prostatic acid phosphatase, tumor volume, or tumor multifocality. RT-PCR positivity did not predict pathologic stage or early PSA recurrence. A standardized RT-PCR assay needs to be developed to account for interlaboratory discrepancies. (C) 1999, Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 36 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD APR PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 BP 714 EP 721 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00608-6 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 183NK UT WOS:000079559500010 PM 10197846 ER PT J AU Thompson, IM Optenberg, S Byers, R Dove, M AF Thompson, IM Optenberg, S Byers, R Dove, M TI Increased incidence of testicular cancer in active duty members of the department of defense SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID COHORT; RISK AB Objectives, Multiple reports have noted an increase in testicular cancer incidence in virtually all world populations. We sought to determine whether an increase in testicular cancer incidence has occurred in active duty members of the Department of Defense (DOD). Methods, The total number of tumors accessioned at all DOD tumor registries, encompassing virtually all tumors diagnosed in active duty personnel, was obtained from the centralized DOD tumor registry. The number of men on active duty in the DOD was obtained from the Defense Manpower Data Center. Results, The rate of testicular cancer increased from 8.62/100,000 active duty men in 1988 to 15.38/100,000 in 1996. Conclusions. These data corroborate observations from multiple other populations that the incidence of testicular cancer is increasing. The explanation for this observation is unknown. C1 USA, Med Ctr & Sch, Ctr Hlth Care & Studies, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Med Ctr & Sch, Dept Surg, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Def Manpower Data Ctr, Seaside, CA USA. RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), UTHSCSA, Div Urol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD APR PY 1999 VL 53 IS 4 BP 806 EP 807 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00609-8 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 183NK UT WOS:000079559500025 PM 10197861 ER PT J AU Chernenkova, TV Kuperman, RG AF Chernenkova, TV Kuperman, RG TI Changes in the spruce forest communities along a heavy metal deposition gradient on Kola Peninsula SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE heavy metal deposition; Kola Peninsula; spruce forest AB We investigated changes in the community structure of spruce (Picea obovata and P. fennica) forests in the Northern Taiga Region of Russia along a point-source atmospheric deposition gradient of heavy metals on the Kola Peninsula. Study sites were selected in ecologically analogous forest stands at increasing distances from the nickel smelter in Monchegorsk. The heavy metal load at each site was estimated by quantifying metal concentrations in the snow cower. Concentrations of heavy metals in soil, litter and vegetation increased along the gradient of increasing atmospheric deposition. All measured indexes of forest vitality, including species richness and abundance, vertical distribution, and understory structure were adversely affected by pollution. C1 Russian Acad Sci, Lab Bioindicat, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 117071, Russia. USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Chernenkova, TV (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Lab Bioindicat, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Leninsky Pr, Moscow 117071, Russia. RI Kuperman, Roman/D-4297-2009 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD APR PY 1999 VL 111 IS 1-4 BP 187 EP 200 DI 10.1023/A:1005028626357 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 190YF UT WOS:000079992300013 ER PT J AU Vanderloop, SL Suidan, MT Moteleb, MA Maloney, SW AF Vanderloop, SL Suidan, MT Moteleb, MA Maloney, SW TI Biotransformation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene under different electron acceptor conditions SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE dinitrotoluene; diaminotoluene; granular activated carbon; fluidized bed; activated sludge; methanogenic; denitrification ID GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON; ANAEROBIC TREATMENT; REACTORS; IDENTIFICATION AB An anaerobic/anoxic fluidized-bed granular activated carbon (GAC) bioreactor in series with an activated sludge reactor was used to treat 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). During methanogenic operation of the GAC bioreactor ethanol was supplied as the primary substrate at 600 mg/l. Influent DNT (110 mg/l) was transformed stoichiometrically to 2,4-diaminotoluene (DAT) in this anaerobic stage. The DAT was subsequently mineralized in the activated sludge reactor, with complete recovery of DAT nitrogen. Under denitrifying conditions in the fluidized bed, 3% of influent DNT was transformed to 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene (2A4NT) and 4-amino-2-nitrotoluene (4A2NT), 52% was transformed to unknown products and the 45% remained as DNT. Although 3% of the DNT was transformed to 2A4NT or 4A2NT in the activated sludge reactor, aerobic mineralization of DNT or the aminonitrotoluenes was not observed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 33 IS 5 BP 1287 EP 1295 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00320-0 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 174AE UT WOS:000079011300021 ER PT J AU Carpio, F Morey, AF AF Carpio, F Morey, AF TI Radiographic staging of renal injuries SO WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRAUMA; TOMOGRAPHY AB Radiographic staging of renal injuries is the orderly process of establishing an immediate diagnosis so as to expedite effective treatment. Adult patients with gross hematuria or microhematuria associated with shock should undergo urgent imaging. Computerized tomography (CT scan) is the study of choice for evaluation of stable adult and pediatric patients with suspected renal trauma. Those in need of immediate surgical intervention are best evaluated by one-shot intravenous pyelogram (IVP) to determine the extent of the injured kidney and to document the normal function of the contralateral unit. Successful management of renal trauma is guided to a major degree by appropriate renal imaging. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, MCHE-SDU,Bldg 3600,Room 225-5,3851 Roger Brooke D, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0724-4983 J9 WORLD J UROL JI World J. Urol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 17 IS 2 BP 66 EP 70 DI 10.1007/s003450050108 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 201JQ UT WOS:000080592000002 PM 10367363 ER PT J AU Hernandez, J Morey, AF AF Hernandez, J Morey, AF TI Anterior urethral injury SO WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PENILE FRACTURE; RECONSTRUCTION; SONOURETHROGRAPHY; URETHROPLASTY; DISRUPTION; MANAGEMENT; GRAFTS; TRACT AB Anterior urethral injuries, although rare, may be associated with substantial long-term morbidity. Urethral injuries that occur due to penetrating trauma or penile fracture are best treated by meticulous two-layer primary repair. Those that occur due to rapid deceleration injury are usually best treated by suprapubic diversion and delayed reconstruction because of associated injuries and concomitant contusion of the supporting spongiosum. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0724-4983 J9 WORLD J UROL JI World J. Urol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 17 IS 2 BP 96 EP 100 DI 10.1007/s003450050113 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 201JQ UT WOS:000080592000007 PM 10367368 ER PT J AU Ren, F Antonell, MJ Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ LaRoche, JR Cole, MW Lothian, JR Gedridge, RW AF Ren, F Antonell, MJ Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ LaRoche, JR Cole, MW Lothian, JR Gedridge, RW TI Nonalloyed high temperature ohmic contacts on Te-doped InP SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EPITAXY AB We report on a thermal stability study of WSi0.79 contacts on Te-doped InP. The epitaxial InP layers were grown on Fe-doped semi-insulating InP substrates by metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy. Tri-isopropylindium-di-isopropyltellurium was used as the Te precursor and the doping level was 1.4 x 10(20) cm(-3). Contact metal, amorphous WSi0.79, was sputtered from a composite and an excellent specific contact resistance of 1 x 10(-6) Omega cm(2) was achieved. The specific contact resistivity was also measured at different temperature (25-200 degrees C) and it stayed fair contact. This is clear indication that the current transport through the contact dominates by tunneling. After alloying at temperatures up to 600 degrees C, there is no obvious change of specific contact resistance or sheet resistance. After 700 degrees C annealing, there was significant P out-diffusion detected and the specific contact resistance began to degrade. However, the contact metal morphology and edge definition were unaffected. After 800 degrees C annealing, there was evidence of In out-diffusion after and the surface morphology became rough. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)00913-4]. C1 Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Lucent Technol, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Multiplex Inc, S Plainfield, NJ 07080 USA. USN, Air Warfare Ctr, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Ren, F (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 29 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 13 BP 1845 EP 1847 DI 10.1063/1.123688 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 180WM UT WOS:000079408500021 ER PT J AU Wong, JP Yang, HM Nagata, L Kende, M Levy, H Schnell, G Blasetti, K AF Wong, JP Yang, HM Nagata, L Kende, M Levy, H Schnell, G Blasetti, K TI Liposome-mediated immunotherapy against respiratory influenza virus infection using double-stranded RNA poly ICLC SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st World Congress on Vaccines and Immunization CY APR 26-30, 1998 CL ISTANBUL, TURKEY SP Infect Control World Org ID POLYRIBOCYTIDYLIC ACID COMPLEX; RHESUS-MONKEYS; MICE; INTERFERON; HYPOTHERMIA; FEVER AB The use of liposome delivery technology to enhance the antiviral activity of poly ICLC tan immunomodulating dsRNA) while decreasing its intrinsic toxicity is evaluated in this study. The antiviral efficacies of free and liposome-encapsulated poly ICLC were evaluated and compared using a lethal respiratory influenza A virus infection in mice. The toxicity profiles of free and liposome-encapsulated poly ICLC were compared by determining the extent of hypothermia and loss in body weights in mice pretreated with these drugs. Poly ICLC was encapsulated in cationic liposomes prepared by the freeze drying method, To determine the antiviral efficacies of free and liposome-encapsulated poly ICLC, mice were intranasally pretreated with two doses of poly ICLC (free or liposomal, 1 mg/kg/dose) given 48 h apart. Al various times post pretreatment mice were intranasally challenged with 10 LD50 mouse-adapted influenza A/PR/8 (H1N1) virus. The survival rates of the mice were determined at day 14 post infected and compared to the untreated control mice. Results indicate mice pretreated with liposome-encapsulated poly ICLC within 3 weeks prior to virus challenge were completely protected (100% survival compared to 0% for the untreated control group, p < 0.001), while window of protection provided by free unencapsulated poly ICLC was 12 days. When the toxicity profiles of free and liposome-encapsulated poly ICLC were compared, it was found that hypothermia and body weight loss induced by poly ICLC were either completely mitigated or significantly reduced in mice given equivalent doses of poly ICLC in the liposome-encapsulated form, These results suggest that liposomes are an excellent drug carrier for poly ICLC, that liposome-encapsulated poly ICLC may provide a safe and effective immunotherapeutic approach for the prevention of respiratory influenza virus infections. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Def Res Estab Suffield, Med Countermeasures Sect, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Wong, JP (reprint author), Def Res Estab Suffield, Med Countermeasures Sect, Box 4000, Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8K6, Canada. EM jonathan.wong@dres.dnd.ca NR 21 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 26 PY 1999 VL 17 IS 13-14 SI SI BP 1788 EP 1795 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)00439-3 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 178JM UT WOS:000079262600034 PM 10194841 ER PT J AU Qasaimeh, O Zhou, WD Phillips, J Krishna, S Bhattacharya, P Dutta, M AF Qasaimeh, O Zhou, WD Phillips, J Krishna, S Bhattacharya, P Dutta, M TI Bistability and self-pulsation in quantum-dot lasers with intracavity quantum-dot saturable absorbers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Self-organized In0.4Ga0.6As/GaAs quantum-dot single-mode ridge waveguide lasers with intracavity absorber were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Bistability in the light-current characteristics of 3 mu m single-mode edge-emitting laser was obtained by controlling the intracavity absorber voltage. Self-pulsation was also observed with a center frequency of 1.6 GHz and linewidth <10 MHz. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)00912-2]. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Qasaimeh, O (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Solid State Elect Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Krishna, Sanjay /C-5766-2009; Phillips, Jamie/E-9394-2010 NR 7 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 12 BP 1654 EP 1656 DI 10.1063/1.123644 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 180VL UT WOS:000079405800004 ER PT J AU Reucroft, PJ Rivin, D AF Reucroft, PJ Rivin, D TI Gas/vapor flow microcalorimetry on porous carbons II. Heat of adsorption of toluene on microporous/mesoporous carbons SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Calorimetry and Chemical Thermodynamics CY APR 05-09, 1998 CL SAO PAULO, BRAZIL DE heat of adsorption; flow microcalorimetry; activated carbon AB The heat produced by incremental adsorption of toluene vapor on two activated carbons has been investigated by flow microcalorimetry (FMC). One carbon is primarily microporous with 85% of its pore volume associated with micropores, whereas, mesopores account for 75% of the pore volume in the second carbon. Both integral and molar heats have been determined for adsorption of toluene in a partially filled pore system in the pore fill fraction range from 0.5 to 0.95. The carbon samples were diluted with polytetrafluoroethylene powder in order to improve the flow/heat transfer characteristics of the system and decrease the thermal response time of the calorimeter. Thermal response profiles were de-convoluted in order to relate the time evolution of the response to dynamic adsorption processes, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. USA, Soldier Syst Command, Natick RD & E Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Reucroft, PJ (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 328 IS 1-2 BP 19 EP 24 DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(98)00619-4 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 186DW UT WOS:000079712800004 ER PT J AU Akkara, JA Bruno, FF AF Akkara, JA Bruno, FF TI Synthesis and modification of polymers by enzyme-catalyzed reactions in organic solvents. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, SBC Command, Mat Sci Team, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 161-BIOT BP U202 EP U202 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100542 ER PT J AU Banks, HD Dondoni, A Kleban, M Marra, A AF Banks, HD Dondoni, A Kleban, M Marra, A TI Conformational studies of di- and tetrasubstituted calix[4]arenes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Ctr Dev & Engn, Edgewood Res, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Ferrara, Dipartmento Chim, Chim Organ Lab, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 113-ORGN BP U98 EP U98 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148200313 ER PT J AU Goodner, MD Gross, SM DeSimone, JM Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ AF Goodner, MD Gross, SM DeSimone, JM Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ TI Modeling and experimental studies of the solid state polymerization of polycarbonate facilitated by supercritical carbon dioxide. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 070-POLY BP U536 EP U536 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201653 ER PT J AU Hobson, ST Lehnert, EK Maxwell, DM AF Hobson, ST Lehnert, EK Maxwell, DM TI Biological scavengers against nerve agents: Synthesis and actvity of a peptidomimetic enzyme release factor SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment & Pharmacol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 109-MEDI BP U1187 EP U1187 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148103755 ER PT J AU Hsu, FL Berg, FJ McMahon, LR AF Hsu, FL Berg, FJ McMahon, LR TI Synthesis of O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothiolate (VX) degradation products. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 241-ORGN BP U137 EP U137 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148200441 ER PT J AU James, CM Grassbaugh, JA Heenan, DM AF James, CM Grassbaugh, JA Heenan, DM TI Liquid crystal stability of a four component system with propyl sulfide. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 069-COLL BP U603 EP U603 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148101857 ER PT J AU Kiserow, DJ Freeman, KS Tan, NB Trevino, SF McGown, LB AF Kiserow, DJ Freeman, KS Tan, NB Trevino, SF McGown, LB TI Small angle neutron scattering of inverse micelles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 216-POLY BP U599 EP U599 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201798 ER PT J AU Meisel, LV Scanlon, RD Johnson, MA AF Meisel, LV Scanlon, RD Johnson, MA TI Self-affine analysis on curved reference surfaces: Self-affine fractal characterization of a TNT fracture surface SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Benet Labs, TACOM, ARDEC, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. USA, TACOM, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 104-COLL BP U613 EP U613 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148101892 ER PT J AU Morse, JW Marion, GM AF Morse, JW Marion, GM TI Application of the Pitzer model to the evolution of early planetary (Earth and Mars) oceans and atmospheres. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Corps Engineers, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 082-GEOC BP U848 EP U848 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148102651 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD TI Unusual reactions of trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride and trifluoromethylthiocopper with five membered heterocyclics. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. USA, ERDEC, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 242-ORGN BP U137 EP U137 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148200442 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD TI Phototrifluoromethylsulfenylation of 1-cyclopropyl-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyne. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. USA, ERDEC, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 243-ORGN BP U137 EP U138 PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148200443 ER PT J AU Price, EO Smith, JR Clark, CR Schlager, JJ Shih, ML AF Price, EO Smith, JR Clark, CR Schlager, JJ Shih, ML TI MALDI-TOF/MS as a diagnostic tool for the confirmation of chemical agent exposure. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 018-ANYL BP U102 EP U102 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148100240 ER PT J AU Shih, ML Korte, WD Smith, JR Szafraniec, LL AF Shih, ML Korte, WD Smith, JR Szafraniec, LL TI The reactions of sulfides with S-330, a potential decontaminant of sulfur mustard in formulations. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Div Pharmacol, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 031-MEDI BP U1164 EP U1164 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148103677 ER PT J AU Tomalia, DA Uppuluri, S Swanson, DR Brothers, HM Piehler, LT Li, J Meier, DJ Hagnauer, GL AF Tomalia, DA Uppuluri, S Swanson, DR Brothers, HM Piehler, LT Li, J Meier, DJ Hagnauer, GL TI Tecto(dendrimer) core-shell molecules: Macromolecular tectonics for the systematic synthesis of larger controlled structure molecules. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Michigan, Ctr Biol Nanotechnol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Michigan Mol Inst, Midland, MI 48640 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM M, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 100-PMSE BP U420 EP U420 PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JP UT WOS:000079148201267 ER PT J AU Wagner, GW Bartram, PW Klabunde, KJ AF Wagner, GW Bartram, PW Klabunde, KJ TI VX, GD and HD reactions with nano-size particles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Geoctr Inc, Gunpowder Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, ERDEC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Nantek Inc, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 21 PY 1999 VL 217 MA 024-COLL BP U591 EP U591 PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 176JN UT WOS:000079148101819 ER PT J AU Lancaster, ED McNesby, KL Daniel, RG Miziolek, AW AF Lancaster, ED McNesby, KL Daniel, RG Miziolek, AW TI Spectroscopic analysis of fire suppressants and refrigerants by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Optical-Society-of-America Topical Meeting on Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis CY MAR 09-11, 1998 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Opt Soc Amer ID AIR; ENVIRONMENT; EMISSION; METALS AB Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is evaluated as a means of detecting the fire suppressants CF,Br, C3F7H, and CF4 and the refrigerant C2F4H2. The feasibility of employing laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for time- and space-resolved measurement of these agents during use, storage, and recharge is discussed. Data are presented that demonstrate the conditions necessary for optimal detection of these chemicals. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Lancaster, ED (reprint author), Natl Ground Intelligence Ctr, 220 7th St NE, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA. EM miziolek@arl.mil NR 15 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 20 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 9 BP 1476 EP 1480 DI 10.1364/AO.38.001476 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 175VT UT WOS:000079116900011 PM 18305769 ER PT J AU Heppner, G Gasser, RA Kester, KE AF Heppner, G Gasser, RA Kester, KE TI Primaquine prophylaxis against malaria SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Heppner, G (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 16 PY 1999 VL 130 IS 6 BP 536 EP 536 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 176RL UT WOS:000079165500012 ER PT J AU Soto, J Berman, J AF Soto, J Berman, J TI Primaquine prophylaxis against malaria - Response SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID MEFLOQUINE PROPHYLAXIS; PREGNANCY C1 Univ Militar Nueva Granada, Bogota, Colombia. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Soto, J (reprint author), Univ Militar Nueva Granada, Bogota, Colombia. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 16 PY 1999 VL 130 IS 6 BP 536 EP 537 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 176RL UT WOS:000079165500014 ER PT J AU Normark, JW Williams, RF Hostettler, CF Ramey, M Moran, EL AF Normark, JW Williams, RF Hostettler, CF Ramey, M Moran, EL TI Redefining the practice of military pharmacy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article ID IMPERFECT WORLD; MEDICATION USE; PUBLIC-POLICY; ISSUE; CARE AB Pharmacists throughout the U.S. health care system must keep pace with change or face being left behind. To move military pharmacists from a primarily distributive role to a clinical one, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs directed the Department of Defense Pharmacy Board of Directors to develop a plan to redefine the role of military pharmacists and technicians in ambulatory care. That document, summarized here, describes the future roles of military pharmacists and pharmacy technicians. The document was prepared with input from pharmacists and technicians, officers and enlisted members, working in day-to-day pharmacy operations. The complete document can be obtained by contacting Colonel James W. Normark, 1050 W. Perimeter Road, Andrews Air Force Base, MD 20762 (normaj@mgmc.af.mil). C1 USAF, Biomed Sci Corps Pharm, Andrews AFB, MD 20331 USA. USA, Med Command, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. USN, BUMED, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. US Coast Guard, Washington, DC 20593 USA. US Dept Def, Pharmacoecon Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Normark, JW (reprint author), USAF, Biomed Sci Corps Pharm, Andrews AFB, MD 20331 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 56 IS 6 BP 568 EP 571 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 178VL UT WOS:000079289800021 PM 10192694 ER PT J AU Pipa, VI Mitin, VV Stroscio, M AF Pipa, VI Mitin, VV Stroscio, M TI Substantial contribution of effective mass variation to electronacoustic phonon interaction via deformation potential in semiconductor nanostructures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING AB Using the approach of deformed ions and the tight binding, we have demonstrated that the interaction of electrons confined in a nanostructure with acoustic phonons in a cubic crystal is described by a deformation potential tensor (DPT) whose symmetry is determined by the geometry of the nanostructure. Here in, we present additional contribution to the DPT which is caused by the deformation dependence of the electron effective mass and it increases as L-2 when the characteristic size of a nanostructure, L, decreases. For narrow GaAs-based quantum wells, this contribution is comparable with and can overcome that from the usual deformation potential coupling. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)00911-0]. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pipa, VI (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM mitin@ece6.eng.wayne.edu NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 11 BP 1585 EP 1587 DI 10.1063/1.123624 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 175DT UT WOS:000079078200027 ER PT J AU Blaha, M Bowers, W Kohl, J DuBose, D Walker, J Wong, G AF Blaha, M Bowers, W Kohl, J DuBose, D Walker, J Wong, G TI Effects of CEES and potential vesicant antagonists on IL-1-related cytokine responses in a human epidermal model SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, SBCCOM, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Stressgen Biotech Corp, Victoria, BC V8Z 4B9, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A844 EP A844 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901132 ER PT J AU Bowman, PD Sondeen, JL Coppes, V Zhao, B Pabalan, JG Dinh, T Piepmeier, E Merrill, G Dubick, MA AF Bowman, PD Sondeen, JL Coppes, V Zhao, B Pabalan, JG Dinh, T Piepmeier, E Merrill, G Dubick, MA TI Gene array analysis of alterations in gene expression in mouse liver following hemorrhage. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. BAMC, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A756 EP A756 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900631 ER PT J AU Capacio, BR Byers, CE McDonough, JH AF Capacio, BR Byers, CE McDonough, JH TI Intramuscular diazepam in soman-exposed guinea pigs: Pharmacokinetics and electroencephalographic responses. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A809 EP A809 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900929 ER PT J AU Cassidy, RA Delgado, AV Mesumbe, EG Goodwin, CW AF Cassidy, RA Delgado, AV Mesumbe, EG Goodwin, CW TI The interaction of hemolysis and hemorrhage on oxidant levels and tissue damage in the rat. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A660 EP A660 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900080 ER PT J AU Claybaugh, JR Sato, AK Yuan, B AF Claybaugh, JR Sato, AK Yuan, B TI Inability of 5 hours of hypoxic hypotension to stimulate hypothalamic AVP mRNA in the rat. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A787 EP A787 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900804 ER PT J AU Dasso, JF Mage, RG Anderson, AO AF Dasso, JF Mage, RG Anderson, AO TI Comparative immunohistological development of the rabbit and human appendix. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIAID, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A968 EP A968 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901854 ER PT J AU DuBose, DA Morehouse, DH Balcius, JA AF DuBose, DA Morehouse, DH Balcius, JA TI Hyperthermic effects on Il-1 beta, IL-1Ra and sIL-1RII expression by human whole blood (HWB). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A841 EP A841 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901116 ER PT J AU Durkot, MJ Francesconi, R DeGaravilla, L AF Durkot, MJ Francesconi, R DeGaravilla, L TI The effects of nifedipine and ice-water immersion on cooling therapy in the hyperthermic rat. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A742 EP A742 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900551 ER PT J AU Fegeding, KV Komisar, JL Tseng, J AF Fegeding, KV Komisar, JL Tseng, J TI Expression of chemokines in the lungs of mice intoxicated with staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A658 EP A658 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900069 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Muza, SR Rock, PB Matthews, A Kambis, KW Braun, B Butterfield, G Lewis, SF Moore, LG Cymerman, A AF Fulco, CS Muza, SR Rock, PB Matthews, A Kambis, KW Braun, B Butterfield, G Lewis, SF Moore, LG Cymerman, A TI Alpha-adrenergic blockade does not effect isolated skeletal muscle exercise performance in women during altitude acclimatization. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA USA. VA Med Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. Coll William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA USA. Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A784 EP A784 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900788 ER PT J AU Guebre-Xabier, M Schwenk, R Krzych, U AF Guebre-Xabier, M Schwenk, R Krzych, U TI Liver-resident memory CD8(+) T cells are involved in protection against malaria. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A943 EP A943 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901710 ER PT J AU Hoffman, BE Gouty, SC Chang, FCT AF Hoffman, BE Gouty, SC Chang, FCT TI Parmacological antagonism of lethal effects induced by O-isobutyl S-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]methylphosphonthionate. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1101 EP A1101 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902621 ER PT J AU Kolka, MA Stephenson, LA AF Kolka, MA Stephenson, LA TI Decreased regulated core temperature in women during the preovulatory estradiol surge. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A742 EP A742 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900548 ER PT J AU Lozanoff, S Uyehara, CFT Himenes, MG Ma, W AF Lozanoff, S Uyehara, CFT Himenes, MG Ma, W TI Over-expression of endothelin-1 is associated with hypertension in mice with polycystic kidney disease. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Anat & Reprod Biol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hlth Anim Serv, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A678 EP A678 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900189 ER PT J AU Matthew, CB Sils, IV Tartarini, KA Schrock, WD AF Matthew, CB Sils, IV Tartarini, KA Schrock, WD TI Flunarizine attenuates hyperthermia-induced extravasation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A741 EP A741 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900543 ER PT J AU Nambiar, M Kuhlbusch, M Wong, H Dennis, G Enyedy, E Kammer, G Tsokos, GC AF Nambiar, M Kuhlbusch, M Wong, H Dennis, G Enyedy, E Kammer, G Tsokos, GC TI TCR-zeta chain deficiency in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WRAIR, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. WFUSM, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A957 EP A957 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901794 ER PT J AU Palmer, DR Ballou, WR Krzych, U AF Palmer, DR Ballou, WR Krzych, U TI Memory CD4(+) T cells in a human model of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A943 EP A943 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901709 ER PT J AU Petras, JM Young, GD Bauman, RA Kyle, DE Gettayacamin, M Webster, HK Corcoran, KD Peggins, JO Vane, MA Brewer, TG AF Petras, JM Young, GD Bauman, RA Kyle, DE Gettayacamin, M Webster, HK Corcoran, KD Peggins, JO Vane, MA Brewer, TG TI Vagal and glossopharyngeal brainstem nuclei: Injury in Macaca mulatta following administration of the antimalarial drug arteether. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1102 EP A1102 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902628 ER PT J AU Petras, JM Young, GD Bauman, RA Kyle, DE Gettayacamin, M Webster, HK Corcoran, KD Peggins, JO Vane, MA Brewer, TG AF Petras, JM Young, GD Bauman, RA Kyle, DE Gettayacamin, M Webster, HK Corcoran, KD Peggins, JO Vane, MA Brewer, TG TI The precerebellar nuclei and nuclei interfascicularis hypoglossi: Injury in Macaca mulatta following administration of the antimalarial drug arteether SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1102 EP A1102 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902626 ER PT J AU Phillips, JB Elliott, PJ Tortella, FC AF Phillips, JB Elliott, PJ Tortella, FC TI A novel proteasome inhibitor, PS519, shows neuroprotective efficacy in a rat model of transient focal ischemia. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. ProScript Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1099 EP A1099 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902607 ER PT J AU Sandeep, K Wong, HK Tsokos, GC Farber, DL AF Sandeep, K Wong, HK Tsokos, GC Farber, DL TI Dissecting biochemical differences between human naive and memory CD4 T cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A940 EP A940 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901691 ER PT J AU Schlager, JJ Benjamin, HR Ali, K AF Schlager, JJ Benjamin, HR Ali, K TI Keratinocyte gene expression following sulfur mustard exposure. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Appl Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A795 EP A795 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900850 ER PT J AU Sils, IV Matthew, CB Tartarini, KA Francesconi, RP AF Sils, IV Matthew, CB Tartarini, KA Francesconi, RP TI Hypertonic NaCl (7.5%) in 6% dextran 70 (HSD) fails to reverse hyperthermia-induced extravasation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A742 EP A742 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900552 ER PT J AU Sondeen, JL Coppes, VG Gaddy, CE Pusateri, AE Holcomb, JB AF Sondeen, JL Coppes, VG Gaddy, CE Pusateri, AE Holcomb, JB TI Uncontrolled hemorrhage model using a hole-aortotomy in anesthetized swine. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A755 EP A755 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900621 ER PT J AU Stephenson, LA Gabaree, CLV Mair, B Staab, J Kesick, C Kolka, MA AF Stephenson, LA Gabaree, CLV Mair, B Staab, J Kesick, C Kolka, MA TI Cutaneous vasodilation during exercise: Impact of elevated total cholesterol(TC)/HDL-C. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A742 EP A742 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900550 ER PT J AU Sun, P Ballou, RW Krzych, U AF Sun, P Ballou, RW Krzych, U TI T cells expressing alpha beta and gamma delta TCR has different requirement in response to Plasmodium falciparum parasitized erythrocyte antigens SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immuno CD&I, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A943 EP A943 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901707 ER PT J AU Tharion, WJ Hoyt, RW Hotson, N DeLany, JP AF Tharion, WJ Hoyt, RW Hotson, N DeLany, JP TI Fluid balance in soldiers during a field training exercise (FTX) of a hospital unit. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1052 EP A1052 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902337 ER PT J AU Tortella, FC Williams, A Phillips, JB McCabe, T Nielsen, J Layer, R Zhou, L AF Tortella, FC Williams, A Phillips, JB McCabe, T Nielsen, J Layer, R Zhou, L TI Postinjury treatment-with Conantokin-G (Con-G) decreases infarction in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Cognetix Inc, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1099 EP A1099 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902611 ER PT J AU Ward, JA Dubick, MA Lawlor, DF Lisagor, P Cancelada, D Goodwin, CW Cohen, DJ AF Ward, JA Dubick, MA Lawlor, DF Lisagor, P Cancelada, D Goodwin, CW Cohen, DJ TI Swine model of hemorrhagic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A755 EP A755 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900624 ER PT J AU Wong, HK Tsokos, GC AF Wong, HK Tsokos, GC TI Crosslinking Fas-antigen inhibits CD3/CD28 mediated activation of NFkB. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1003 EP A1003 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902058 ER PT J AU Ye, D Burghardt, CA Hashiro, GM Uyehara, CFT AF Ye, D Burghardt, CA Hashiro, GM Uyehara, CFT TI Vasopressin (VP) renal V2 action during established hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A721 EP A721 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900427 ER PT J AU Zhao, B Pabalan, J Dinh, T Piepmeier, E Merrill, G Bowden, RA Holcomb, JB Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Zhao, B Pabalan, J Dinh, T Piepmeier, E Merrill, G Bowden, RA Holcomb, JB Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI Gene array analysis of alterations in gene expression following hypoxic injury to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res & Clin Investigat, BAMC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A1037 EP A1037 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132902251 ER PT J AU Sawyer, TE Bonner, JA Gould, PM Garces, YI Foote, RL Lange, CM Li, HZ AF Sawyer, TE Bonner, JA Gould, PM Garces, YI Foote, RL Lange, CM Li, HZ TI Predictors of subclinical nodal involvement in clinical stages I and II non-small cell lung cancer: Implications in the inoperable and three-dimensional dose-escalation settings SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dose escalation; elective nodal irradiation; irradiation; mediastinum; non-small cell lung cancer ID CONFORMAL RADIATION-THERAPY; LYMPH-NODES; BRONCHOGENIC-CARCINOMA; RADIOTHERAPY; IRRADIATION; STRATEGIES; EXPERIENCE; METASTASES; SURVIVAL; PATTERNS AB Purpose: When mediastinal lymph nodes are clinically uninvolved in the setting of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer, whether conventional radiation techniques or three-dimensional dose-escalation techniques are used, the benefit of elective nodal irradiation is unclear. Inclusion of the clinically negative mediastinum in the radiation portals increases the risk of lung toxicity and limits the ability to escalate dose. This analysis represents an attempt to use clinical characteristics to estimate the risk of subclinical nodal involvement, which may help determine which patients are most likely to benefit from elective nodal irradiation. Methods: From 1987 to 1990, 346 patients undergoing complete resection of non-small cell lung cancer underwent a preoperative computed tomographic scan revealing no clinical evidence of N2/N3 involvement. Multivariate regression and regression tree analyses attempted to define which patients were at highest risk for subclinical mediastinal involvement (N2) and which patients were at highest risk for subclinical N1 and/or N2 involvement (N1/N2). Immunohistochemical data suggest that the conventional histopathologic techniques used during this study somewhat underestimate the true degree of lymph node involvement; therefore, a third end point was also evaluated: N1 involvement and/or N2 involvement and/or local-regional recurrence (N1/N2/LRR). Results: Regression analyses revealed that the following factors were independently associated with a high risk of more advanced disease: positive preoperative bronchoscopy (NZ, p = 0.02; N1/N2, p < 0.0001; N1/N2/LRR, p < 0.001) and tumor grade 3/4 (N1/N2/LRR, p < 0.01). A regression tree analysis was then used to separate patients into risk groups with respect to N1/N2/LRR. Conclusion: In inoperable non-small cell lung cancer, the patients for whom mediastinal radiation therapy mag most likely be indicated are those with a positive preoperative bronchoscopy, especially with large (> 3 cm) primary tumors. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Radiat Oncol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Biostat Sect, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Sawyer, TE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6825 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 43 IS 5 BP 965 EP 970 DI 10.1016/S0360-3016(98)00508-2 PG 6 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 178RD UT WOS:000079279100004 PM 10192341 ER PT J AU Croley, J Grimes, SR Merrill, G Johnson, DA AF Croley, J Grimes, SR Merrill, G Johnson, DA TI Tear and aqueous levels of famciclovir (penciclovir) after oral administration in the rabbit model SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 4 MA 463B423 BP S87 EP S87 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 178MF UT WOS:000079269200463 ER PT J AU Ness, JW Zwick, H Lund, DJ Edsall, P AF Ness, JW Zwick, H Lund, DJ Edsall, P TI Artificial central scotoma alters accommodative response to high spatial frequency targets SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res, WRAIR, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 4 MA 217B177 BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 178MF UT WOS:000079269200218 ER PT J AU Roberts, SE Holck, DE Ng, JD Lloyd, WC Dirks, MS AF Roberts, SE Holck, DE Ng, JD Lloyd, WC Dirks, MS TI Prospective clinical evaluation of wound healing after carbon dioxide laser upper lid blepharoplasty closed with polypropylene suture or octylcyanoacrylate (Dermabond (R)) tissue adhesive SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 4 MA 152B112 BP S29 EP S29 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 178MF UT WOS:000079269200153 ER PT J AU Sorensen, KS Hollifield, RD Trudo, EW Thach, AB Ward, TP AF Sorensen, KS Hollifield, RD Trudo, EW Thach, AB Ward, TP TI Ocular injuries sustained during terrorist bomb attack on United States embassy in Kenya: Walter Reed experience SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 4 MA 167B127 BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 178MF UT WOS:000079269200168 ER PT J AU Haetty, J Kioseoglou, G Petrou, A Dutta, M Pamulapati, J Taysing-Lara, M AF Haetty, J Kioseoglou, G Petrou, A Dutta, M Pamulapati, J Taysing-Lara, M TI Observation of interband transitions associated with X-valley Landau levels in GaAs/AlAs quantum-well structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAAS-ALAS SUPERLATTICES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; PRESSURE; DONORS; FIELD AB We report on a magnetophotoluminescence study of an n-type modulation doped Al0.3Ga0.7As (Si)/AlAs/GaAs/AlAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As (Si) quantum-well structure in which a dense electron gas populates the AlAs X valleys. The interband transitions in this system are type II and exhibit GaAs and AlAs LO-phonon replicas. In the presence of a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the structure's layers luminescence features associated with the l=0 and l=1 Landau levels of the AlAs X-z valleys were resolved. The slope dE/dB of these transitions yield an in-plane effective mass m* of 0.44. [S0163-1829(99)10411-9]. C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Haetty, J (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 11 BP 7546 EP 7550 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.7546 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 182PQ UT WOS:000079507700052 ER PT J AU Hooper, JW Kamrud, KI Elgh, F Custer, D Schmaljohn, CS AF Hooper, JW Kamrud, KI Elgh, F Custer, D Schmaljohn, CS TI DNA vaccination with Hantavirus M segment elicits neutralizing antibodies and protects against Seoul virus infection SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RENAL SYNDROME HFRS; HANTAAN-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PUUMALA-VIRUS; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENOME SEGMENT; S-GENOME; IDENTIFICATION AB Seoul virus (SEOV) is one of four known hantaviruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Candidate naked DNA Vaccines for HFRS were constructed by subcloning cDNA representing the medium (M; encoding the G1 and G2 glycoproteins) or small (S; encoding the nucleocapsid protein) genome segment of SEOV into the DNA expression Vector pWRG7077. We vaccinated BALB/c mice with three doses of the M or S DNA vaccine at 4-week intervals by either gene gun inoculation of the epidermis or needle inoculation into the gastrocnemius muscle. Both routes of Vaccination resulted in antibody responses as measured by ELISA; however, gene gun inoculation elicited a higher frequency of seroconversion and higher levels of antibodies in individual mice. We vaccinated Syrian hamsters with the M or S construct using the gene gun and found hantavirus-specific antibodies in five of five and four of five hamsters, respectively. Animals vaccinated with the M construct developed a neutralizing antibody response that was greatly enhanced in the presence of guinea pig complement. Immunized hamsters were challenged with SEOV and, after 28 days, were monitored for evidence of infection. Hamsters Vaccinated with M were protected from infection, but hamsters Vaccinated with S were not protected. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Def Res Estab, Div NBC Def, Dept Microbiol, Umea, Sweden. RP Hooper, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 33 TC 83 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 255 IS 2 BP 269 EP 278 DI 10.1006/viro.1998.9586 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 178JQ UT WOS:000079262900008 PM 10069952 ER PT J AU Adams, NL Bay, E Baskin, SI AF Adams, NL Bay, E Baskin, SI TI Effects of the ganglionic depolarizing antagonist hexamethonium on the toxicity of organophosphonates. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A454 EP A454 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302617 ER PT J AU Bowden, R Kalns, J Lane, J Delgado, A Ayala, E Scruggs, J Gutierrez, E Niemeyer, D Warren, D AF Bowden, R Kalns, J Lane, J Delgado, A Ayala, E Scruggs, J Gutierrez, E Niemeyer, D Warren, D TI Hyperbaric oxygen temporarily reduces Mac-1-mediated adhesion SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A179 EP A179 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301037 ER PT J AU Cerasoli, DM Miller, JM Schlager, JJ Clark, JH Moriarty, R Brimfield, AA Lenz, DE AF Cerasoli, DM Miller, JM Schlager, JJ Clark, JH Moriarty, R Brimfield, AA Lenz, DE TI Binding properties of antibodies raised against structurally different transition state analogue immunogens. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A333 EP A333 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301927 ER PT J AU Champagne, CM Smith, SR Karge, WA AF Champagne, CM Smith, SR Karge, WA TI Day-to-day variation in fat intake: Establishing normative data to identify potential risk for weight gain. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A264 EP A264 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301523 ER PT J AU Coliano, TH Eldefrawi, ME Eldefrawi, AT Valdes, JJ Azzazy, HME AF Coliano, TH Eldefrawi, ME Eldefrawi, AT Valdes, JJ Azzazy, HME TI Use of an in vitro cytotoxicity assay to investigate the effects of chemicals used in the Gulf War SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med & Res Technol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, ERDEC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A155 EP A155 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033300896 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Villarreal, RL Hunter, GC AF Dubick, MA Villarreal, RL Hunter, GC TI Neutrophil and pancreatic elastase concentrations in aortas from patients with abdominal aneurysmal (AAA) or atherosclerotic occlusive disease (AOD). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A514 EP A514 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302965 ER PT J AU Karge, W Jenner, J Tharion, W AF Karge, W Jenner, J Tharion, W TI Marital status and Coronary Heart Disease risk famous in soldiers at the US Army Sergeants Major Academy. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A560 EP A560 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303227 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG Kiang, SC Tsokos, GC AF Kiang, JG Kiang, SC Tsokos, GC TI INOs inhibitor but not genistein inhibits expression of heat shock protein 72 kD in human colon carcinoma T84 cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A152 EP A152 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033300874 ER PT J AU Komisar, JL Weng, CF Oyejide, A Hunt, RE Colleton, C Briscoe, C Tseng, J AF Komisar, JL Weng, CF Oyejide, A Hunt, RE Colleton, C Briscoe, C Tseng, J TI Failure of cyclosporin A to protect rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) against toxic shock caused by staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A321 EP A321 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301856 ER PT J AU Lesher, MD Khan, AS Saikh, KU Ulrich, RG AF Lesher, MD Khan, AS Saikh, KU Ulrich, RG TI Dendritic cell subsets exhibit distinct profiles of cytokine-induced gene expression SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A280 EP A280 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301616 ER PT J AU Marchitelli, L DeLuca, J Karge, W AF Marchitelli, L DeLuca, J Karge, W TI Gene frequencies for polymorphisms of the apolipoproteins (APO) A-IV, C-III and E in three different ethnic groups. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A558 EP A558 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303216 ER PT J AU McGraw, SM Tharion, WJ Baker-Fulco, CJ Lieberman, HR AF McGraw, SM Tharion, WJ Baker-Fulco, CJ Lieberman, HR TI Compliance of eating military tray rations during a long term field exercise SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A264 EP A264 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301525 ER PT J AU Miller, JK Cerasoli, DM Brimfield, AA Lenz, DE AF Miller, JK Cerasoli, DM Brimfield, AA Lenz, DE TI A model system for examination of the role of epitope structure in determining monoclonal antibody specificity. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A333 EP A333 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301924 ER PT J AU Pabalan, JG Zhao, B Dinh, T Piepmeier, E Merrill, G Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Pabalan, JG Zhao, B Dinh, T Piepmeier, E Merrill, G Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI Gene array analysis of alterations in gene expression following thermal injury to human keratinocytes. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res & Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A359 EP A359 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302077 ER PT J AU Saikh, KU Khan, AS Lesher, MD Conlon, K Ulrich, RG AF Saikh, KU Khan, AS Lesher, MD Conlon, K Ulrich, RG TI Antigen presentation by a unique CD3+dendritic cell is controlled by a limited burst or HLA DR expression that is prolonged by TNF-alpha and inhibited by IL-10 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Genet Inst Inc, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A280 EP A280 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301618 ER PT J AU Skvorak, JP Waugh, JD Miller, TL Snider, TH AF Skvorak, JP Waugh, JD Miller, TL Snider, TH TI Nerve agent penetration through porcine and human skin and efficacy of a fielded decontaminant. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A155 EP A155 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033300893 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC TI Transcriptional regulation of the human complement receptor 2 (CR2) gene. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A328 EP A328 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033301896 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Hashiro, GM AF Uyehara, CFT Hashiro, GM TI Decreased responsiveness of renal collecting duct cells (CDC) to vasopressin (VP) precedes hypertension development in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A393 EP A393 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302270 ER PT J AU Vassell, R Glenn, G Udey, M Scharton-Kersten, T Alving, C Jakob, T AF Vassell, R Glenn, G Udey, M Scharton-Kersten, T Alving, C Jakob, T TI Activation of langerhans cells following transcutaneous immunization. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Iomai Corp, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Jakob, Thilo/J-1621-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A633 EP A633 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033303654 ER PT J AU Shen, H Zhou, W Pamulapati, J Ren, F AF Shen, H Zhou, W Pamulapati, J Ren, F TI Photoreflectance study of H2S plasma-passivated GaAs surface SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY; GAAS(001) SURFACES; SULFUR PASSIVATION; FERMI-LEVEL AB Photoreflectance is used to study the effect of H2S plasma passivation on the GaAs surface. GaAs samples are treated with a H2S plasma in an electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition system and in-situ encapsulated with a SiNx film. The surface Fermi level moves towards the conduction band after H2S plasma passivation and a surface state density of 6 X 10(10) cm(-2) is achieved under optimal passivation conditions. The surface state density is highly dependent on the sample temperature during passivation. The movement of the surface Fermi level is due to the reduction of the surface state density and not due to a shift of midgap surface states, suggesting that S-Ga bonds play the major role in H2S plasma passivated GaAs surfaces. This work demonstrates the need to measure both the surface Fermi level and the density of surface states. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)03410-5]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Shen, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 8 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 10 BP 1430 EP 1432 DI 10.1063/1.123572 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 174AG UT WOS:000079011500026 ER PT J AU Hodgson, LA Ludwig, GV Smith, JF AF Hodgson, LA Ludwig, GV Smith, JF TI Expression, processing, and immunogenicity of the structural proteins of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus from recombinant baculovirus vectors SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus; baculovirus; subunit vaccine ID RUBELLA-VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; POLYPROTEIN PRECURSOR; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; SINDBIS VIRUS; CDNA CLONE; CELLS; GLYCOPROTEINS; MODEL AB Recombinant baculoviruses expressing the structural proteins of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) have been constructed and the intracellular processing, antigenicity, and immunogenicity of the expression products have been assessed. Baculoviruses expressing the entire structural protein region (C-E3-E2-6K-E1), or the complete glycoprotein region (E3-E2-6K-E1), generated products in Sf9 cells that were accurately and completely processed, and resulted in mature proteins that were antigenically and electrophoretically indistinguishable from authentic viral proteins. These products were highly immunogenic in BALB/c mice, induced efficient VEE neutralizing responses, and protected these animals against challenge with virulent VEE. Expression of individual glycoprotein regions (E3-E2 and 6K-E1) generated products that were accurately but incompletely processed, and induced non-neutralizing antibodies that reacted more efficiently with denatured than native VEE proteins. Nonetheless, immunization with the 6K-E1 expression product provided complete protection against VEE challenge. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Smith, JF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jon_smith@ftdetrck-ccmail.army.mil NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 5 PY 1999 VL 17 IS 9-10 BP 1151 EP 1160 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)00335-1 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 175YD UT WOS:000079122900020 PM 10195627 ER PT J CA Marion Cty Hlth Dept Indiana State Dept Hlth Jefferson Cty Hlth Dept Kentucky Dept Public Hlth Knox Cty Hlth Dept Tennessee Dept Hlth Cty Los Angeles Dept Hlth Svcs Council State Territorial Epidemiologists Fed Bur Invest US Dept Def US Dept Hlth Human Svcs Natl Center Environm Hlth Natl Center Infectious Dis CDC TI Bioterrorism alleging use of anthrax and interim guidelines for management - United States, 1998 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 48, pg 69-74, 1999) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 Marion Cty Hlth Dept, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. Jefferson Cty Hlth Dept, Louisville, KY USA. Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Knox Cty Hlth Dept, Knoxville, TN USA. Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. Ctr Los Angeles Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. Fed Bur Invest, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, US Dept Def, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. CDC, Emergency Response Coordinating Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, Meningitis & Special Pathogens Br, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. US Dept HHS, Off Emergency Preparedness, Washington, DC USA. RP Marion Cty Hlth Dept, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 3 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 9 BP 787 EP 789 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 170KF UT WOS:000078804300008 ER PT J AU Helfman, R Baur, E Dumer, J Hanratty, T Ingham, H AF Helfman, R Baur, E Dumer, J Hanratty, T Ingham, H TI Turbine engine diagnostics (TED) - An expert diagnostic system for the M1 Abrams turbine engine SO AI MAGAZINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference CY JUL 28-30, 1998 CL MADISON, WISCONSIN AB TURBINE ENGINE DIAGNOSTICS (TED) is a diagnostic expert system to aid the M1 Abrams tank mechanic find-and-fix problems in the AGT-1500 turbine engine. TED was designed to provide the apprentice mechanic with the ability to diagnose and repair the turbine engine like an expert mechanic. The expert system was designed and built by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.S. Army Ordnance Center and School. This article discusses the relevant background, development issues, reasoning method, system overview, test results, return on investment, and fielding history of the project. Limited fielding began in 1994 to select U.S. Army National Guard units and complete fielding to all M1 Abrams tank maintenance units started in 1997 and will finish by the end of 1998. The Army estimates that TED will save roughly $10 million a year through improved diagnostic accuracy and reduced waste. The development and fielding of the TED program represents the Army's first successful fielded maintenance system in the area of AI. Several reasons can be given for the success of the TED program: an appropriate domain with proper scope, a close relationship with the expert, extensive user involvement, and others that are discussed in this article. C1 USA, Res Lab, Turbine Engine Diagnost Knowledge Engn Grp, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Helfman, R (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Turbine Engine Diagnost Knowledge Engn Grp, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM helfman@arl.mil; baur@arl.mil; dumer@arl.mil; hanratty@arl.mil; hollyo@arl.mil NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ARTIFICIAL INTELL PI MENLO PK PA 445 BURGESS DRIVE, MENLO PK, CA 94025-3496 USA SN 0738-4602 J9 AI MAG JI AI Mag. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 20 IS 1 BP 69 EP 76 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 183AX UT WOS:000079532000006 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ Albertini, JG AF Meffert, JJ Albertini, JG TI Lentigo maligna melanoma and excisional biopsy techniques SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1108 EP + PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 175WX UT WOS:000079119800002 PM 10088870 ER PT J AU Deaton, MA Glorioso, JE McLean, DB AF Deaton, MA Glorioso, JE McLean, DB TI Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: Not really a zebra SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID 21-HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY; DISORDERS AB Congenital adrenal hyperplasia was once considered a rare inherited disorder with severe manifestations. Mild congenital adrenal hyperplasia, however, is common, affecting one in 100 to 1,000 persons in the United States and frequently eluding diagnosis. Both classic and nonclassic forms of the disease are caused by deficiencies in the adrenal enzymes that are used to synthesize glucocorticoids. The net result is increased production from the adrenal gland of cortisol precursors and androgens. Even mild congenital adrenal hyperplasia can result in life-threatening sinus or pulmonary infections, orthostatic syncope, shortened stature and severe acne. Women with mild congenital adrenal hyperplasia often present with hirsutism, oligomenorrhea or infertility. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is diagnosed by demonstration of excess cortisol precursors in the serum during an adrenal corticotropic hormone challenge. Diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyerplasia in fetuses that are at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be determined using human leukocyte antigen haplotype or by demonstration of excess cortisol precursors in amniotic fluid. Treatment includes carefully monitored hormone replacement therapy. Recognition of the problem and timely replacement therapy can reduce morbidity and enhance quality of life in patients that are affected by congenital adrenal hyperplasia. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Deaton, MA (reprint author), USA MEDDAC, Gen Leonard Wood Army Community Hosp, Div Primary Care & Commmunity Med, 126 Missouri Ave, Ft Leonard Wood, MO 65473 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1190 EP 1196 PG 7 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 175WX UT WOS:000079119800008 PM 10088875 ER PT J AU Meffert, JJ AF Meffert, JJ TI A palmar rash SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. RP Meffert, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78259 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1259 EP 1260 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 175WX UT WOS:000079119800013 PM 10088880 ER PT J AU Caretti, DM AF Caretti, DM TI Cognitive performance and mood during respirator wear and exercise SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cognitive performance; mood; respirators ID WORK AB The combined effects of respirator wear and low-intensity work on decision making and mood were assessed in eight subjects during 60 min of low-intensity treadmill walking with and without a respirator to determine whether the stresses of respirator wear negatively impact decision making. Subjects completed walks during no mask wear, wear of a respirator with high inspiratory resistance, and wear of a respirator with low resistance. Cognitive tasks included choice reaction (CHO), serial addition/subtraction (ADD), logical reasoning (LOG), and serial reaction (SER), Mood was measured using a questionnaire with 36 adjectives representing the factors of activity, anger, depression, fear, happiness, and fatigue. Data were obtained preexercise, after 20 and 40 min of walking, and postexercise, Combined respirator wear and low-intensity exercise did not affect accuracy, speed, or throughput in any of the cognitive tasks. Likewise, no significant effects of condition on the six mood factor scores were observed. These results show that the combination of respirator wear and low-level activity does not adversely alter cognitive performance or mood. C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Resp & Collect Protect Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Caretti, DM (reprint author), USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Resp & Collect Protect Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 USA SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 2 BP 213 EP 218 DI 10.1080/00028899908984438 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 187QE UT WOS:000079797600010 PM 10222572 ER PT J AU Desilets, DJ Davis, KE Nair, PP Salata, KF Maydonovitch, CL Howard, RS Kikendall, JW Wong, RKH AF Desilets, DJ Davis, KE Nair, PP Salata, KF Maydonovitch, CL Howard, RS Kikendall, JW Wong, RKH TI Lectin binding to human colonocytes is predictive of colonic neoplasia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-College-of-Gastroenterology CY NOV 03-04, 1997 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Coll Gastroenterol ID EPITHELIAL-CELLS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; SCREENING SIGMOIDOSCOPY; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; SAMBUCUS-NIGRA; TN ANTIGEN; CARCINOMA; MUCIN; MORTALITY; MUCOSA AB OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether lectin binding to exfoliated human colonocytes could be used as a noninvasive test for colorectal polyps or cancer. METHODS: Colonocytes were harvested from 31 patients (10 controls, 10 with adenomatous polyps, and 11 with cancer), incubated with a panel of fluorescent-labeled lectins, and assayed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The lectins jacalin (JAC) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) were useful in predicting the presence of a colorectal neoplasm (p = 0.0018 for JAC and p = 0.0099 for WGA). For JAC, sensitivity reached 81% with a specificity of 80%, and for WGA the sensitivity and specificity were both 75%. CONCLUSIONS: Lectin binding to human colonocytes can predict the presence of malignant and premalignant lesions of the colon, and has potential as a noninvasive screening tool for colorectal neoplasms. (Am J Gastroenterol 1999,94: 744-750. (C) 1999 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Gastroenterol Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Ft Bragg, NC USA. ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Div Human Nutr, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Gastroenterol Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 94 IS 3 BP 744 EP 750 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 176CY UT WOS:000079134400037 PM 10086661 ER PT J AU Cancio, LI Cashman, TM AF Cancio, LI Cashman, TM TI Self-reported cumulative trauma symptoms among hospital employees: Analysis of an upper-extremity symptom survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE cumulative trauma disorders; epidemiology; job analysis; surveillance ID RISK-FACTORS; DISORDERS; WORK C1 USA, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Acad Hlth Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Med Corps, Dept Prevent Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Cancio, LI (reprint author), USA, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY ASSOC, INC PI BETHESDA PA 4720 MONTGOMERY LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3425 USA SN 0272-9490 J9 AM J OCCUP THER JI Am. J. Occup. Ther. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 53 IS 2 BP 227 EP 230 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 176GL UT WOS:000079143100015 PM 10200847 ER PT J AU Martin, DF Dunn, JP Davis, JL Duker, JS Engstrom, RE Friedberg, DN Jaffe, GJ Kuppermann, BD Polis, MA Whitley, RJ Wolitz, RA Benson, CA AF Martin, DF Dunn, JP Davis, JL Duker, JS Engstrom, RE Friedberg, DN Jaffe, GJ Kuppermann, BD Polis, MA Whitley, RJ Wolitz, RA Benson, CA CA Int AIDS Soc USA TI Use of the ganciclovir implant for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy: Recommendations of the International AIDS Society - USA panel SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUSTAINED-RELEASE GANCICLOVIR; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; INTRAVITREAL GANCICLOVIR; ORAL GANCICLOVIR; INTRAVENOUS CIDOFOVIR; INTRAOCULAR IMPLANT; RETINAL DETACHMENTS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; DISEASE; ZIDOVUDINE AB (PURPOSE)-P-.: To describe the risks, benefits, and recommended use of the ganciclovir implant for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-related cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy. (METHODS)-M-.: A panel of physicians with expertise in the use of the ganciclovir implant and in the management of CMV retinitis was convened by the International AIDS Society-USA. The panel reviewed and discussed available data, and developed recommendations for the use of the ganciclovir implant, the surgical technique, and related management issues. Recommendations were rated according to the strength and quality of the supporting evidence. (RESULTS)-R-.: The effect of potent antiretroviral therapy on the immunologic status of patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease has changed the manifestation and course of CMV retinitis in many patients. The clinical management of CMV retinitis and the role of the ganciclovir implant are thus changing. Factors in the decision to choose the ganciclovir implant include the patient's potential for immunologic improvement, location and severity of CMV retinitis, and the risks and costs associated with implantation and concomitant oral ganciclovir therapy. (CONCLUSIONS)-C-.: The ganciclovir implant is safe and effective for the treatment of CMV retinitis. The indications for its use should be modified to account for increased patient survival and the potential for CMV retinitis to be controlled by effective antiretroviral therapy. Optimal use of the ganciclovir implant and discontinuation of therapy in selected patients with improvement in immunity may result in better long-term visual outcomes. (C) 1999 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Emory Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Miami, Dept Ophthalmol, Miami, FL 33152 USA. New England Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ophthalmol, Los Angeles, CA USA. NYU Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, New York, NY 10016 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Durham, NC USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ophthalmol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Pediat, Birmingham, AL USA. Kaiser Permanente, Dept Ophthalmol, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Med, Denver, CO USA. RP Dunn, JP (reprint author), USA, Int AIDS Soc, 1001 B OReilly Ave,POB 29916, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. EM info@iasusa.org OI Polis, Michael/0000-0002-9151-2268 NR 79 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 127 IS 3 BP 329 EP 339 PG 11 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 173KN UT WOS:000078979900013 PM 10088745 ER PT J AU Alkins, S Hurwitz, K Sierra, A AF Alkins, S Hurwitz, K Sierra, A TI Effect of driving pressure and nebulizer model on aerosol output during bronchoprovocation testing. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A652 EP A652 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237103629 ER PT J AU Loube, DI Andrada, TF Ruoff, C Strauss, A AF Loube, DI Andrada, TF Ruoff, C Strauss, A TI Acoustic pharyngometry to compare pharyngeal anatomy with and without oral appliance treatment in adults with obstructive sleep apnea. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A248 EP A248 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237101349 ER PT J AU Myers, JN Loube, DI Andrada, TF Ruoff, C AF Myers, JN Loube, DI Andrada, TF Ruoff, C TI Use of the Derogatis Interview for Sexual Functioning to assess treatment response to continuous positive airway pressure treatment in sleep apnea patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A429 EP A429 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237102370 ER PT J AU Nath, J Kausalya, S Potenza, M AF Nath, J Kausalya, S Potenza, M TI Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in stimulated human neutrophils: Induction of apopain/caspase3. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Med, Dept Resp Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A106 EP A106 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237100535 ER PT J AU Omron, E Fitzpatrick, T Oneil, K AF Omron, E Fitzpatrick, T Oneil, K TI Dilution acidosis and metabolic alkalosis post-CABG SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A215 EP A215 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237101168 ER PT J AU Reid, FM Vesely, KR Truxall, JA Sciuto, AM Stotts, RR AF Reid, FM Vesely, KR Truxall, JA Sciuto, AM Stotts, RR TI Evaluation of physiological parameters for use in the assessment of treatments for phosgene-exposed, 72-hour anesthetized, ventilated swine. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A357 EP A357 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237101954 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Moran, TS Narula, A AF Sciuto, AM Moran, TS Narula, A TI A 24-hour time-course study on the effects of phosgene exposure on arterial blood gases in mice. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A841 EP A841 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237104693 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Moores, LK Goodwin, GR Edenfield, WJ Fitzpatrick, TM AF Shorr, AF Moores, LK Goodwin, GR Edenfield, WJ Fitzpatrick, TM TI Mechanical ventilation in autologus bone marrow transplantation: Prediciting outcomes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A85 EP A85 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237100412 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Lee, DF Hnatiuk, OW AF Shorr, AF Lee, DF Hnatiuk, OW TI D-dimer in sarcoidosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A343 EP A343 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237101877 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Murphy, FT Gilliland, WR AF Shorr, AF Murphy, FT Gilliland, WR TI Osseous involvement in pulmonary sarcoidosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A342 EP A342 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237101868 ER PT J AU Sonna, LA Angel, KC Sharp, MA Patton, JF Lilly, CM AF Sonna, LA Angel, KC Sharp, MA Patton, JF Lilly, CM TI The prevalence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) in US Army recruits and its effect on the VO(2)max response to basic training. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A133 EP A133 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237100697 ER PT J AU Taylor, Y Howard, RS Eliasson, A AF Taylor, Y Howard, RS Eliasson, A TI Utility of the vertical visual analogue scale for evaluating dyspnea in COPD patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A762 EP A762 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237104232 ER PT J AU Boyle, ER Pak, D Williams, JB AF Boyle, ER Pak, D Williams, JB TI Motion artifact seen on slot-scanning direct digital mammography SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article AB OBJECTIVE. Our goal was to determine the appearance of motion artifact when imaging an anthropomorphic breast phantom using a digital slot-scanning system compared with a screen-film system. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Digital and screen-film images were obtained during both brief and continuous manually induced motion of an anthropomorphic phantom in four directions. Continuous motion was further characterized using a syringe pump to induce motion artifact. RESULTS. On screen-film images, brief motion caused degradation of the entire image? simulating a double exposure. Conversely, on digital images using a slot-scanning system, brief motion caused degradation of only a small portion of the image. Continuous motion resulted in smearing of phantom details with both systems, although the smearing was more strongly influenced by the direction of motion when the slot-scanning system was used. With the slot-scanning system, motion in the direction of the detector sweep resulted in elongated distortion, whereas motion in the opposite direction resulted in foreshortening; diagonal smearing was seen with perpendicular phantom motion. The magnitude of distortion for continuous motion at a set velocity was substantially less with the slot-scanning system. CONCLUSION. Motion artifact with a slot-scanning direct digital mammography unit differs significantly from that seen with a conventional screen-film unit and, despite a relatively long overall exposure. may prove to be less of a problem than with conventional units because any given pan of an object is exposed only briefly. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Boyle, ER (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 172 IS 3 BP 697 EP 701 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 169CB UT WOS:000078729000025 PM 10063863 ER PT J AU Williams, GN Gangel, TJ Arciero, RA Uhorchak, JM Taylor, DC AF Williams, GN Gangel, TJ Arciero, RA Uhorchak, JM Taylor, DC TI Comparison of the single assessment numeric evaluation method and two shoulder rating scales - Outcomes measures after shoulder surgery SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation method and the Rowe and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores. Between April 1993 and December 1996, 209 follow-up examinations were performed on 163 United States Military Academy cadets after shoulder surgery. These 209 examinations were divided into five follow-up categories: 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and greater than 2 years. The Rowe and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores from each subject's follow-up questionnaire were correlated with his or her Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation rating, which is determined by the subject's written response to the following question: "How would you rate your shoulder today as a percentage of normal (0% to 100% scale with 100% being normal)?" Correlation coefficients between the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation and the two scores were 0.51 to 0.79 for the Rowe score and 0.46 to 0.69 for the American Shoulder Elbow Surgeons score, The results of this study indicate that the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation correlates well with these two scores after shoulder surgery. This study suggests that this new evaluation method provides clinicians with a mechanism to gather outcomes data with little demand on their time and resources. C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Phys Therapy Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Taylor, DC (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 20 TC 148 Z9 151 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 27 IS 2 BP 214 EP 221 PG 12 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 176XJ UT WOS:000079177100017 PM 10102104 ER PT J AU Raengsakulrach, B Nisalak, A Gettayacamin, M Thirawuth, V Young, GD Myint, KSA Ferguson, LM Hoke, CH Innis, BL Vaughn, DW AF Raengsakulrach, B Nisalak, A Gettayacamin, M Thirawuth, V Young, GD Myint, KSA Ferguson, LM Hoke, CH Innis, BL Vaughn, DW TI An intranasal challenge model for testing Japanese encephalitis vaccines in rhesus monkeys SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; PROTECTION; STRAIN; DENGUE AB Placebo-controlled field efficacy trials of new Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccines may be impractical. Therefore, an animal model to evaluate efficacy of candidate JE vaccines is sought. Previous work has shown that exposure of monkeys to JE virus (JEV) via the intranasal route results in encephalitis. Here we report the further development of this model and the availability of titered virus stocks to assess the protective efficacy of JE vaccines. To determine the effective dose of our JE challenge virus, dilutions of a stock JEV (KE-93 isolate) were inoculated into four groups of three rhesus monkeys. A dose-dependent response was observed and the 50% effective dose (ED50) was determined to be 6.0 x 10(7) plaque forming units (pfu). Among animals that developed encephalitis, clinical signs occurred 9-14 days postinoculation. Infection with JEV was confirmed by detection of JEV in nervous tissues and IgM to JEV in the cerebrospinal fluid. Viremia with JEV was also detected intermittently throughout infection. Validation of the model was performed using a known effective JE vaccine and saline control. One ED90 of virus (2.0 x 10(9) pfu) was used as a challenge dose. Four of four animals that received saline control developed encephalitis while one of four monkeys administered the JE vaccine did so. This study demonstrates that the virus strain, route of inoculation, dose, and the outcome measure (encephalitis) are suitable for assessment of protective efficacy of candidate JE vaccines. C1 USAMC, Dept Virol, AFRIMS, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USAMC, Dept Vet Med, AFRIMS, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Pasteur Merieux Connaught, Swiftwater, PA 18370 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Raengsakulrach, B (reprint author), USAMC, AFRIMS, Dept Virol, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 34 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 3 BP 329 EP 337 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 182PG UT WOS:000079506900001 PM 10466957 ER PT J AU Myint, KSA Raengsakulrach, B Young, GD Gettayacamin, M Ferguson, LM Innis, BL Hoke, CH Vaughn, DW AF Myint, KSA Raengsakulrach, B Young, GD Gettayacamin, M Ferguson, LM Innis, BL Hoke, CH Vaughn, DW TI Production of lethal infection that resembles fatal human disease by intranasal inoculation of macaques with Japanese encephalitis virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ANTIGENS; VACCINE; DENGUE AB Twelve rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) challenged intranasally with a wild-type Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) developed clinical signs 11-14 days later. Tissues from the cerebral cortex, cerebellum brainstem, thalamus, meninges, and all levels of the spinal cord were stained for JEV antigen with hyperimmune mouse ascitic fluid and streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase; immunofluorescent staining was also done on frozen sections. Viral antigen was found in all cell layers of the cerebellum, the gray matter of the thalamus and brainstem, and the ventral horn of all levels of the spinal cord. Staining was limited to neurons and their processes. Histopathologic changes were limited to the nervous system and characterized by nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. These results were comparable with those of previous studies done with human autopsy tissues. Intranasal inoculation of rhesus monkeys with JEV was effective in producing clinical disease comparable with natural disease in humans and may serve as a model to evaluate protective efficacy of candidate JEV vaccines. C1 USAMC, Dept Virol, AFRIMS, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USAMC, Dept Vet Med, AFRIMS, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Pasteur Merieux Connaught Inc, Swiftwater, PA 18370 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Myint, KSA (reprint author), USAMC, AFRIMS, Dept Virol, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 3 BP 338 EP 342 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 182PG UT WOS:000079506900002 PM 10466958 ER PT J AU Raengsakulrach, B Nisalak, A Gettayacamin, M Thirawuth, V Young, GD Myint, KSA Ferguson, LM Hoke, CH Innis, BL Vaughn, DW AF Raengsakulrach, B Nisalak, A Gettayacamin, M Thirawuth, V Young, GD Myint, KSA Ferguson, LM Hoke, CH Innis, BL Vaughn, DW TI Safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of NYVAC-JEV and ALVAC-JEV recombinant Japanese encephalitis vaccines in rhesus monkeys SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CANARYPOX ALVAC; VIRUS; STRAIN; GLYCOPROTEIN; CANDIDATE; INFECTION; PROTEINS; NS1 AB Two poxvirus-vectored vaccines for Japanese encephalitis (JE), NYVAC-JEV and ALVAC-JEV, were evaluated in rhesus monkeys for safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy. The vaccines were given to four monkeys each on study days 0 and 28 along with saline placebo on day 7. For controls, the licensed BIKEN JE vaccine and a saline placebo were given to other groups of four monkeys on days 0, 7, and 28. No systemic effects were observed. All injection site reactions were mild. All vaccines elicited appreciable JE-specific neutralizing antibody responses. However, a more rapid increase and higher peak level of antibody were seen in the BIKEN group as compared with the NYVAC-JEV and ALVAC-JEV groups. The peak neutralizing antibody level in the NYVAC-JEV group was higher than that of the ALVAC-JEV group. Antibody persisted in all four BIKEN recipients through 273 days of follow-up, whereas, the antibody level decreased to the threshold of detection in two NYVAC-JEV and all four ALVAC-JEV recipients by day 120. On day 273, all monkeys were given a booster dose. A rapid increase in neutralizing antibody was seen in all vaccine recipients by seven days. Two months after the booster dose, all monkeys were challenged intranasally with one 90% effective dose of JE virus. Four recipients of saline, three of ALVAC-JEV, one of NYVAC-JEV, and one of BIKEN experienced encephalitis. This study suggests that the NYVAC-JEV and ALVAC-JEV vaccines are safe and immunogenic in monkeys and that the NYVAC-JEV and BIKEN vaccines are effective in protecting monkeys from encephalitis. C1 USAMC, Dept Virol, AFRIMS, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. USAMC, Dept Vet Med, AFRIMS, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Pasteur Merieux Connaught, Swiftwater, PA 18370 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Raengsakulrach, B (reprint author), USAMC, AFRIMS, Dept Virol, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 3 BP 343 EP 349 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 182PG UT WOS:000079506900003 PM 10466959 ER PT J AU Manguin, S Wilkerson, RC Conn, JE Rubio-Palis, Y Danoff-Burg, JA Roberts, DR AF Manguin, S Wilkerson, RC Conn, JE Rubio-Palis, Y Danoff-Burg, JA Roberts, DR TI Population structure of the primary malaria vector in South America, Anopheles darlingi, using isozyme, random amplified polymorphic DNA, internal transcribed spacer 2, and morphologic markers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RIBOSOMAL DNA; NYSSORHYNCHUS ALBITARSIS; AMAZON REGION; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; BRAZIL; BEHAVIOR; COMPLEX; RAPD AB A genetic and morphologic survey of Anopheles darlingi populations collected from seven countries in Central and South America was performed to clarify the taxonomic status of this major malaria vector species in the Americas. Population genetics was based on three techniques including isozyme, random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR), and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) markers. The results of the isozyme analysis indicated moderate differences in the allele frequencies of three putative loci (glutamate oxalaoacetate transaminase-l, isocitrate dehydrogenase-l, and phosphoglucomutase) of the 31 analyzed. No fixed electromorphic differences separated the populations of An. darlingi, which showed little genetic divergence (Nei distances = 0.976-0.995). Fragments produced by RAPD-PCR demonstrated evidence of geographic partitioning and showed that all populations were separated by small genetic distances as measured with the 1 - S distance matrix. The ITS2 sequences for all samples were identical except for four individuals from Belize that differed by a three-base deletion (CCC). The morphologic study demonstrated that the Euclidean distances ranged from 0.02 to 0.14, with the highest value observed between populations from Belize and Bolivia. Based on these analyses, all the An. darlingi populations examined demonstrated a genetic similarity that is consistent with the existence of a single species and suggest that gene flow is occurring throughout the species' geographic range. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Escuela Malariol & Saneamiento Ambiental Dr Arnol, Div Invest, Maracay 2101A, Venezuela. RP Manguin, S (reprint author), ORSTOM, Lab Lutte Insectes Nuisibles, 911 Ave Agropolis,BP 5045, F-34032 Montpellier, France. RI Manguin, Sylvie/G-1787-2015; OI Manguin, Sylvie/0000-0002-5925-7164; Danoff-Burg, James/0000-0002-0685-6948; Conn, Jan/0000-0002-5301-7020 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-31034, AI-40116] NR 70 TC 75 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 3 BP 364 EP 376 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 182PG UT WOS:000079506900006 PM 10466962 ER PT J AU Komar, N Dohm, DJ Turell, MJ Spielman, A AF Komar, N Dohm, DJ Turell, MJ Spielman, A TI Eastern equine encephalitis virus in birds: Relative competence of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION AB To determine whether eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus infection in starlings may be more fulminant than in various native candidate reservoir birds, we compared their respective intensities and durations of viremia. Viremias are more intense and longer lasting in starlings than in robins and other birds. Starlings frequently die as their viremia begins to wane; other birds generally survive. Various Aedes as well as Culiseta melanura mosquitoes can acquire EEE viral infection from infected starlings under laboratory conditions. The reservoir competence of a bird is described as the product of infectiousness (proportion of feeding mosquitoes that become infected) and the duration of infectious viremia. Although starlings are not originally native where EEE is enzootic, a starling can infect about three times as many mosquitoes as can a robin. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Med Res Div Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Komar, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, POB 2087, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 30 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 3 BP 387 EP 391 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 182PG UT WOS:000079506900008 PM 10466964 ER PT J AU Rongnoparut, P Sirichotpakorn, N Rattanarithikul, R Yaicharoen, S Linthicum, KJ AF Rongnoparut, P Sirichotpakorn, N Rattanarithikul, R Yaicharoen, S Linthicum, KJ TI Estimates of gene flow among Anopheles maculatus populations in Thailand using microsatellite analysis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ALLELE FREQUENCIES; LOCI; GAMBIAE; DIFFERENTIATION; POLYMORPHISM; CULICIDAE; MOSQUITOS; DIPTERA; AFRICA; KENYA AB We report an analysis of seven microsatellite loci in eight populations of Anopheles maculatus mosquitoes dispersed over a distance of approximately 1,100 km in Thailand. A wide spectrum of genetic variability, with mean heterozygosities ranging from 0.738 to 0.847 were found. Based on microsatellite analysis, geographic populations of An. maculatus can be grouped into two clusters; one includes upper and lower northern populations that extend from approximately 11 degrees to 16 degrees north latitude, and the other (southern populations) extends south from about 7 degrees to 6 degrees north latitude. Wright's F-ST and Slatkins's R-ST for all seven microsatellite loci indicated low estimates of differentiation among all populations (mean values of F-ST and R-ST = 0.0406 and 0.051, respectively, corresponding to the N-m values of 5.91 and 4.65, respectively), and suggested that gene flow occurs among populations. However, there is some restriction of gene Bow between the northern and southern populations. Geographic barriers could be limiting factors for greater gene flow between populations. C1 USA, AFRIMS, Dept Entomol, Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med Technol, Dept Parasitol, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, US Dept Def, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Rongnoparut, P (reprint author), USA, AFRIMS, Dept Entomol, Med Component, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 3 BP 508 EP 515 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 182PG UT WOS:000079506900030 PM 10466986 ER PT J AU Musser, JB Fontana, JL Mongan, PD AF Musser, JB Fontana, JL Mongan, PD TI The anesthetic and physiologic effects of an intravenous administration of a halothane lipid emulsion (5% vol/vol) SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID LIQUID HALOTHANE; INJECTION; ISOFLURANE; PROPOFOL; SOLVENT; SWINE; MAC AB The IV administration of less than or equal to 9 mL of nonvaporized liquid halothane causes significant pulmonary damage, cardiovascular decompensation, and death. To determine whether liquid halothane mixed in a lipid emulsion would alter these toxic effects, six swine were evaluated in a randomized cross-over study. The pulmonary, analgesic, hemodynamic, and histopathologic effects of liquid halothane (25 mL) mixed with a liquid carrier (475 mL, Liposyn III 20%) and administered by constant infusion were compared with halothane administered by a calibrated vaporizer. Three swine received the halothane lipid emulsion (HLE), followed by inhaled halothane. Three additional swine received inhaled halothane, followed by the HLE. There were no changes in pulmonary compliance or arterial blood gases during or after the administration of equivalent volumes of halothane (13.75 mL) either by infusion of HLE or by inhalation of halothane. The end-tidal halothane concentration for the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration was 0.79% +/- 0.08% during HLE administration and 1.13% +/- 0.12% for inhaled halothane (P < 0.001). Hemodynamic variables and blood halothane levels by gas chromatography were measured at end-tidal concentrations of 0.6%, 1.2%, and 1.8%. Blood halothane levels (mg/mL) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) after the administration of HLE at end-tidal halothane concentrations of 1.2% (0.49 +/- 0.19 vs 0.82 +/- 0.18) and 1.8% (0.79 +/- 0.17 vs 1.29 +/- 0.34). When compared at equivalent blood levels, HLE caused fewer changes in the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, mean arterial pressure, and dP/dt than inhaled halothane. There was no evidence of pulmonary histopathologic damage 4-8 h after the infusion of 500-700 mt of HLE. This novel method of delivery of a volatile anesthetic seems to lack the toxicity of direct IV administration of liquid halothane. It may be a useful alternative to traditional administration via a vaporizer. Implications: Halothane causes pulmonary dysfunction and death when given IV in liquid form. Six swine received a halothane lipid emulsion IV to evaluate the anesthetic and physiologic effects. No pulmonary toxicity or deaths were associated with the halothane lipid emulsion. The anesthetic profile was similar to delivery of halothane via a vaporizer. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesia, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mongan, PD (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesia, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 15 TC 36 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 88 IS 3 BP 671 EP 675 DI 10.1097/00000539-199903000-00038 PG 5 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 171AX UT WOS:000078840900038 PM 10072026 ER PT J AU Vennerstrom, JL Nuzum, EO Miller, RE Dorn, A Gerena, L Dande, PA Ellis, WY Ridley, RG Milhous, WK AF Vennerstrom, JL Nuzum, EO Miller, RE Dorn, A Gerena, L Dande, PA Ellis, WY Ridley, RG Milhous, WK TI 8-aminoquinolines active against blood stage Plasmodium falciparum in vitro inhibit hematin polymerization SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIMALARIAL DRUG PRIMAQUINE; HEME POLYMERIZATION; RESISTANT STRAINS; RODENT MALARIA; INVITRO; CHLOROQUINE; METHEMOGLOBIN; METABOLITES; OXIDATION; DEHYDROGENASE AB From the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) inventory, thirteen 8-aminoquinoline analogs of primaquine were selected for screening against a panel of seven Plasmodium falciparum clones and isolates. Six of the 13 8-aminoquinolines had average 50% inhibitory concentrations between 50 and 100 nM against these P. falciparum clones and were thus an order of magnitude more potent than primaquine, However, excluding chloroquine-resistant clones and isolates, these 8-aminoquinolines were all an order of magnitude less potent than chloroquine. None of the 8-aminoquinolines was cross resistant with either chloroquine or mefloquine, In contrast to the inactive primaquine prototype, 8 of the 13 8-aminoquinolines inhibited hematin polymerizatian more efficiently than did chloroquine. Although alkoxy or aryloxy substituents at position 5 uniquely endowed these 13 8-aminoquinolines with impressive schizontocidal activity, the structural specificity of inhibition of both parasite growth and hematin polymerization was low. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Nebraska Med Ctr 986025,Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. F Hoffmann La Roche & Co Ltd, Preclin Infect Dis, Pharma Res, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland. RP Vennerstrom, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Nebraska Med Ctr 986025,Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 600 S 42nd St, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM jvenners@mail.unmc.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA036727] NR 41 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 43 IS 3 BP 598 EP 602 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 171BZ UT WOS:000078843700026 PM 10049273 ER PT J AU Tidrow, MZ Jiang, XD Li, SS Bacher, K AF Tidrow, MZ Jiang, XD Li, SS Bacher, K TI A four-color quantum well infrared photodetector SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A four-color quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) has been demonstrated in this work. Four stacks of quantum well structures with four different detection wavelengths are sandwiched among three highly doped contact layers. The peak wavelengths of the four colors are centered at 4.7, 8.5, 9, and 12.3 mu m. The 4.7 and 8.5 mu m stacks are separated from the 9 and 12.3 mu m stacks by a middle ohmic contact layer, and the change of peak detection wavelengths within the two-stack QWIPs is achieved by varying the bias voltage. Four different combinations of two-color simultaneous reading can be obtained. The detector could achieve simultaneous reading of four colors by adding two extra contact layers to the design with appropriate readout circuitry. By using a small number of quantum wells, we are able to use all four stacks for voltage-tunable detection with two terminals. In spite of using InGaAs/AlGaAs and GaAs/AlGaAs materials in the four stacks, the device shows excellent material quality and performance characteristics. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(99)04909-8]. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Quantum Epitaxial Designs Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Tidrow, MZ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 74 IS 9 BP 1335 EP 1337 DI 10.1063/1.123542 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 173ZQ UT WOS:000079010000049 ER PT J AU McGovern, TW Christopher, GW Eitzen, EM AF McGovern, TW Christopher, GW Eitzen, EM TI Cutaneous manifestations of biological warfare and related threat agents SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; YELLOW RAIN; PLAGUE; MELIOIDOSIS; SVERDLOVSK; VIRUS; OUTBREAK; SMALLPOX; WEAPONS AB The specter of biological warfare (BW) looms large in the minds of many Americans. The US government has required that emergency response teams in more than 100 American cities be trained by the year 2001 to recognize and contain a BW attack. The US military is requiring active duty soldiers to receive immunization against anthrax Dermatologists need not feel helpless in the face of a potential BW attack. Many potential agents have cutaneous manifestations that the trained eye of a dermatologist can recognize. Through early recognition-of a BW attack, dermatologists can aid public health authorities in diagnosing the cause so that preventive and containment measures can be instituted to mitigate morbidity and mortality. This article reviews bacterial, viral, and toxin threat agents and emphasizes those that would have cutaneous manifestations following an aerosol attack. We conclude with clues that can help one recognize a biological attack. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Operat Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Irwin Army Community Hosp, Serv Dermatol, Ft Riley, KS USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Christopher, GW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Operat Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 115 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 135 IS 3 BP 311 EP 322 DI 10.1001/archderm.135.3.311 PG 12 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 177DN UT WOS:000079192300012 PM 10086453 ER PT J AU Jackson, JL Kroenke, K Chamberlin, J AF Jackson, JL Kroenke, K Chamberlin, J TI Effects of physician awareness of symptom-related expectations and mental disorders - A controlled trial SO ARCHIVES OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS; PRIMARY-CARE; MEDICAL-CARE; PATIENT SATISFACTION; DIFFICULT PATIENT; GENERAL-PRACTICE; COMMON SYMPTOMS; AMBULATORY CARE; PREVALENCE; HEALTH AB Objective: To study whether physician awareness of symptom-related expectations and mental disorders reduces unmet expectations or improves patient satisfaction. Design: Prospective, before-after trial, with control (n = 250) and intervention (n = 250) groups. Outcomes were assessed immediately after the index office visit, at 2 weeks, and at 3 months. Setting: Ambulatory walk-in clinic. Participants: Five hundred adults with physical complaints. Exclusion criteria included upper respiratory tract infection and dementia. Follow-up was accomplished in 100% immediately after the visit, 92.6% at 2 weeks, and 82.6% at 3 months. Interventions: Two-hour physician workshop followed by information provided before each visit on patient expectations, illness worry, and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) disorders. Measurements: Symptom-related expectations, satisfaction with care, symptom improvement, functional status, physician-perceived difficulty of the encounter, visit costs, and use of health care services. Results: Serious illness worry (64%), 1 or more specific expectations (98%), or a DSM-IV disorder (29%) were commonly present in study patients. Intervention patients were less likely to report unmet expectations (odds ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.97) immediately after the visit and at 2 weeks, less likely to be perceived as difficult by their physician (odds ratio, 0.49;95% CI, 0.24-0.98), and more likely to be fully satisfied at 2 weeks (odds ratio, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.14-2.00). By 3 months, groups were similar in terms of satisfaction and residual expectations. Symptom improvement occurred in most patients by 2 weeks (70.5%) and 3 months (81.2%), regardless of study group. There was also no difference in patients' serious illness worry during the follow-up. The intervention did not increase visit costs or use of health care services. Conclusion: Identifying symptom-related expectations and mental disorders in patients presenting with physical complaints may improve satisfaction with care at 2-week follow-up and physician-perceived difficulty of the encounter. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, EDP, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, EDP, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM jejackson@usuhs.mil NR 76 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 1063-3987 J9 ARCH FAM MED JI Arch. Fam. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 8 IS 2 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1001/archfami.8.2.135 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 177XB UT WOS:000079235400010 PM 10101984 ER PT J AU Bell, DB Schumm, WR Knott, B Ender, MG AF Bell, DB Schumm, WR Knott, B Ender, MG TI The desert fax: A research note on calling home from Somalia SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Sociological-Association CY MAR, 1995 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Eastern Sociol Assoc AB Survey data from near 500 civilian wives of soldiers from who deployed to Somalia for Operation Restore Hope were analyzed to determine how the mechanics of soldier-family communications affected spouse adaptation to the stresses of the deployment. Difficulty communicating with the soldier (particularly "connecting for the first time") was one of the most frequent problems that spouses experienced. This difficulty was more strongly related to the characteristics of the soldiers' units (i.e., type and location within Somalia) than to the characteristics of the soldiers themselves. Problems communicating during the deployment not only predicted the level of spouse stress during the deployment, but also affected either directly or through "spouse stress" several outcomes that are important to Army planners. These outcomes included: (1) spouse support for the soldier remaining in the Army, (2) the soldiers reenlistment intention, (3) spouse support for peacekeeping missions, and (4) family adaptation to Army life. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bell, DB (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA DEPT 4010, RUTGERS UNIV, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 25 IS 3 BP 509 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X9902500308 PG 14 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 418EH UT WOS:000167877600007 ER PT J AU Murphy, FT Enzenauer, RJ Cheney, CP AF Murphy, FT Enzenauer, RJ Cheney, CP TI Clinical images: Watermelon stomach SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphy, FT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 42 IS 3 BP 573 EP 573 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 175YM UT WOS:000079123700024 PM 10088782 ER PT J AU Horan, PJ Popovic, NA Islinger, RB Kuklo, TR Dick, EJ McKinney, L AF Horan, PJ Popovic, NA Islinger, RB Kuklo, TR Dick, EJ McKinney, L TI Acute and long-term response of the meniscus to partial meniscectomy using the holmium : YAG laser SO ARTHROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Ho : YAG laser; meniscus; healing response ID COLLAGEN AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histological effects of holmium:YAG laser partial meniscectomy in an in vivo rabbit model and compare it with scalpel partial meniscectomy at selected time intervals. Twenty-four adult male New Zealand rabbits underwent bilateral partial medial meniscectomies through the avascular zone. In the right knee, partial medial meniscectomy was performed using a standard surgical blade; in the left knee, an anatomically similar partial medial meniscectomy was performed using a Ho:YAG laser (Coherent, Santa Clara, CA). All animals were randomized and three animals were killed at postoperative days 1 and 3, and postoperative weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 10. Samples of all medial and lateral menisci, with attached synovium and Vascular rim, from both knees were harvested and submitted for histological and/or ultrastructural examination. The results indicate that (I) at all time periods, laser cut menisci had more cell loss and matrix degradation; (2) synovial necrosis was more common in laser-treated knees; (3) the Ho:YAG laser creates three zones of damage in the meniscal fibrocartilage: a zone of fibrin and debris at the incision site, a zone of necrosis characterized by degeneration of the collagen and loss of viable cells, and a zone of thermal change characterized by collagen degeneration. The zone of thermal change, with its histological injury was thought at the time of surgery to be the viable border. The zone of thermal change may act as a barrier to delay healing, and the scalpel produced a consistently straighter cut. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Horan, PJ (reprint author), 3027 S Buchanan St, Arlington, VA 22206 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD MAR PY 1999 VL 15 IS 2 BP 155 EP 164 DI 10.1053/ar.1999.v15.015015 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 174CK UT WOS:000079016400007 PM 10210072 ER PT J AU Hall, RC AF Hall, RC TI Differential diagnosis of lumbar spine injuries in athletes SO ATHLETIC THERAPY TODAY LA English DT Article ID BACK-PAIN C1 USA, Baylor Grad Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hall, RC (reprint author), USA, Baylor Grad Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1078-7895 J9 ATHLET THER TODAY JI Athlet. Ther. Today PD MAR PY 1999 VL 4 IS 2 BP 7 EP 12 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 283NY UT WOS:000085282700003 ER PT J AU Balldin, UI Tong, A Marshall, JA Regna, M AF Balldin, UI Tong, A Marshall, JA Regna, M TI Premature ventricular contractions during +Gz with and without pressure breathing and extended coverage anti-G suit SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cardiac dysrhythmia; EKG; acceleration; G-exposure; G-protection; aerial combat maneuvers ID CENTRIFUGE AB Background: High +Gz is known to provoke cardiac dysrhythmias. Pressure breathing during G (PBG) and extended coverage anti-G suits (ECCS) are used to enhance +Gz-endurance and reduce fatigue during high +Gz flying. It is not known whether PBC in combination with EGGS increases the risk for premature Ventricular contractions (PVC). Hypothesis: PEG in combination with EGGS increases the risk of PVCs during high +Gz-loads. Methods: Retrospective data were obtained from 14 subjects exposed to three different simulated aerial combat sorties each, in the centrifuge with a standard anti-C suit ensemble or with PEG in combination with EGGS. Each sortie consisted of a gradual onset C-exposure (COR) and three simulated aerial combat maneuvers (SACM) containing four cycles of a +4.5 to +7 GzSACM; four cycles of +4 to +9 Gz tactical aerial combat maneuver (TACM) with several rapid transitions from;4 or +5 Gz to +8 or +9 Gz; and four cycles of +5 to +9 Gz SACM (5-9 SACM) with four cycles. ECG was recorded during the +Gz exposures to reveal any cardiac dysrhythmias. Results and Conclusions: No PVCs occurred during the GORs. During 4.5-7 SACMs, TACMs, and 5-9 SACMs there were 83, 50, and 24 PVCs with standard equipment, respectively, and 63, 54, and 39 PVCs With PBC and EGGS, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the equipment in any of the different types of +Gz exposures. No episodes of supraventricular tachycardia or relative bradycardia were found with either equipment. C1 USA, Res Lab, Flight Stress Protect Div, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Balldin, UI (reprint author), AFRL, HEP, Crew Technol Div, Suite 25,2504 Gillingham Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 70 IS 3 BP 209 EP 212 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 174BZ UT WOS:000079015400001 PM 10102730 ER PT J AU Kolasinski, EM Gilson, RD AF Kolasinski, EM Gilson, RD TI Ataxia following exposure to a virtual environment SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ataxia; posture; virtual reality; virtual environment ID POSTURAL EQUILIBRIUM TESTS; SIMULATOR SICKNESS; REALITY AB Background: Virtual environment (VE) technology has many promising applications in a variety of areas that may likely lead to widespread use as technology progresses and cost decreases. Recent research has demonstrated that simulator sickness, a well-established effect of simulator exposure, can occur with VE exposure as well. Because ataxia (postural unsteadiness) is known to occur following simulator exposure, it might also occur following VE exposure. Simulator sickness and after-effects, such as ataxia, pose severe safety risks and raise serious liability questions. Method: A PC-based VE system was used to investigate the occurrence of ataxic decrements in postural stability following a 20-min exposure to a commercially available game. There were 20 male and 20 female undergraduate students who served as participants. Postural stability was assessed using a sensitive, reliable measure of stance involving the velocity of head movement sway along the y-axis. Data on the occurrence of simulator sickness were also collected. Based on findings in other simulators, ataxia was hypothesized to occur. Results: Ataxic decrements in postural stability were not found although simulator sickness did occur. Conclusions: Several possible factors possibly involved in the lack of ataxia were considered: statistical power; aspects of the postural test; participants' VE-adaptation, exposure time, and immersion position; and the task performed. Ataxia may not be associated with short exposures to VEs for asks which are not highly dynamic and individuals who are not experienced with the system. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Kolasinski, EM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, Dept Army, Bldg 601,Room 281, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 70 IS 3 BP 264 EP 269 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 174BZ UT WOS:000079015400010 PM 10102739 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Vereshchagina, LA Tsokos, GC TI Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein DOE is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE complement receptor 2; TATA-binding protein; transcription factor ID A+U-RICH ELEMENTS; MESSENGER-RNA; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ACQUIRED-IMMUNITY; COMPLEMENT; AUF1; CD21; CR-2; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB Complement receptor 2 (CR2) is important in the regulation of the B lymphocyte response; the regulation of its expression is therefore of central importance. We recently reported that a 42 kDa heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the human CR2 gene [Tolnay, Lambris and Tsokos (1997) J. Immunol. 159, 5492-5501]. We cloned the cDNA encoding this protein and found it to be identical with hnRNP D0B, a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein. By using a set of mutated oligonucleotides, we demonstrated that the recombinant hnRNP D0B displays sequence specificity for double-stranded oligonucleotide defined by the CR2 promoter. We conducted electrophoretic mobility-shift assays to estimate the apparent K-d of hnRNP D0B for the double-stranded DNA motif and found it to be 59 nM. Interestingly, hnRNP D0B displayed affinities of 28 and 18 nM for the sense and anti-sense strands of the CR2 promoter-defined oligonucleotide respectively. The significantly greater binding affinity of hnRNP D0B for single-stranded DNA than for double-stranded DNA suggests that the protein might melt the double helix. The intranuclear concentration of sequence-specific protein was estimated to be 250-400 nM, indicating that the protein binds to the CR2 promoter in vivo. Co-precipitation of a complex formed in vivo between hnRNP D0B and the TATA-binding protein demonstrates that hnRNP D0B interacts with the basal transcription apparatus. Our results suggest a new physiological role for hnRNP D0B that involves binding to double- and single-stranded DNA sequences in a specific manner and functioning as a transcription factor. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tolnay, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, 14th & Dahlia St,Bldg 40, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI42782] NR 33 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 338 BP 417 EP 425 DI 10.1042/0264-6021:3380417 PN 2 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 175XP UT WOS:000079121600023 PM 10024518 ER PT J AU Carter, AJ Farb, A Gould, KE Taylor, AJ Virmani, R AF Carter, AJ Farb, A Gould, KE Taylor, AJ Virmani, R TI The degree of neointimal formation after stent placement in atherosclerotic rabbit iliac arteries is dependent on the underlying plaque SO CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SERIAL INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; BALLOON-EXPANDABLE-STENT; CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY; SWINE MODEL; RESTENOSIS; INJURY; DISEASE; PROLIFERATION; IMPLANTATION AB The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of stent placement on the underlying arterial morphology and the relations of stent-vessel wall interactions with subsequent neointimal formation in an atherosclerotic artery. Seven New Zealand White rabbits with experimentally induced atherosclerosis underwent balloon angioplasty (n = 7) and stent placement after balloon angioplasty (n = 7) in the iliac arteries. Histologic analysis of the treated arteries was performed at 28 days to assess device interactions with the artery and the pattern of the neointimal response. The area within the external elastic lamina of the stented vessels was 66% greater than the arteries with balloon angioplasty alone (p = 0.001) which contributed to a significantly greater late lumen area (3.33 +/- 0.51 mm(2) versus 1.33 +/- 0.20 mm(2), p = 0.0028). Neointimal thickness was measured at 220 stent wire sites from 21 sections of stented arteries of which 139 (63%) had underlying plaque and 81 (37%) were adjacent to normal media. Rupture of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) occurred at only 9 (11%) of the 81 stent wire sites over normal media. The mean neointimal thickness was 0.16 +/- 0.01 mm for all stent wire sites. The neointimal thickness was greater at the stent wire sites with underlying plaque (0.23 +/- 0.01 mm) than at the stent wire sites adjacent to normal media (0.08 +/- 0.01 mm) or at sites with rupture of the internal elastic lamina (0.16 +/- 0.02 mm, p = 0.0001). The degree of neointimal formation within the stents strongly correlated with the area of the underlying atherosclerotic plaque (r = 0.76, p = 0.0007) and the extent of plaque or medial compression by the struts (r = 0.90, p = 0.006). The present study characterizes stent interactions in a model commonly employed to evaluate novel therapies for the prevention of restenosis. The neointimal response was influenced by the local arterial morphology and correlated with the extent of plaque or medial compression by the stent. These data may be useful for future studies in this model and understanding the mechanism of in-stent restenosis. (C) 1999 by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Washington Hosp Ctr, Cardiol Res Fdn, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Lilly Res Labs, Indianapolis, IN USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Carter, AJ (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, Cardiol Res Fdn, 110 Irving St NW,Suite4B-1, Washington, DC 20010 USA. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1054-8807 J9 CARDIOVASC PATHOL JI Cardiovasc. Pathol. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 8 IS 2 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S1054-8807(98)00019-2 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Pathology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Pathology GA 180QY UT WOS:000079397700002 PM 10724504 ER PT J AU Eliasson, AH AF Eliasson, AH TI Blow dry your asthma SO CHEST LA English DT Editorial Material ID EXERCISE-INDUCED BRONCHOSPASM; FUROSEMIDE; CHALLENGE; CHILDREN C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Eliasson, AH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 1999 VL 115 IS 3 BP 608 EP 609 DI 10.1378/chest.115.3.608 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 175TD UT WOS:000079110400002 PM 10084460 ER PT J AU Loube, DI Gay, PC Strohl, KP Pack, AI White, DP Collop, NA AF Loube, DI Gay, PC Strohl, KP Pack, AI White, DP Collop, NA TI Indications for positive airway pressure treatment of adult obstructive sleep apnea patients - A consensus statement SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE continuous positive airway pressure; obstructive sleep apnea ID NASAL CPAP; NIGHT; THERAPY; INFARCTION; TITRATION; RISK AB We developed a short-length document that clearly delineates a prudent approach to and criteria for reimbursement of positive airway pressure (PAP) costs for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Treatment modalities for OSA with PAP include continuous positive airway pressure, bilevel or variable PAP, and autotitrating PAP. This guidance on the appropriate criteria for PAP use in OSA is based on widely acknowledged peer-reviewed studies and widely accepted clinical practice. These criteria reflect current opinion on the appropriate clinical management of OSA in lieu of data pending from the Sleep Heart Health Study and upcoming outcome studies. This document is not intended to provide a complete review and analysis of the OSA clinical literature. The key to the success of this document is to foster consensus within and outside the clinical sleep community by providing a common sense and easily understood approach to the treatment of OSA with PAP. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Loube, DI (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM MAJOR_DANIEL_LOUBE@WRAMC1-amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 190 Z9 200 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 1999 VL 115 IS 3 BP 863 EP 866 DI 10.1378/chest.115.3.863 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 175TD UT WOS:000079110400046 PM 10084504 ER PT J AU Park, MK Hospenthal, DR Bennett, JE AF Park, MK Hospenthal, DR Bennett, JE TI Treatment of hydrocephalus secondary to cryptococcal meningitis by use of shunting SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CEREBRAL CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; VENTRICULOPERITONEAL AB Hydrocephalus can be associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cryptococcal meningitis if left untreated. Both ventriculoperitoneal and ventriculoatrial shunting have been used in persons with cryptococcosis complicated by hydrocephalus, but the indications for and complications, success, and timing of these interventions are not well known. To this end, we reviewed the clinical courses of 10 non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with hydrocephalus secondary to cryptococcal meningitis who underwent shunting procedures, Nine of 10 patients who underwent shunting had noticeable improvement in dementia and gait. Two patients required late revision of their shunts. Shunt placement in eight patients with acute infection did not disseminate cryptococcal infection into the peritoneum or bloodstream, nor did shunting provide a nidus from which Cryptococcus organisms proved difficult to eradicate. Shunting procedures are a safe and effective therapy for hydrocephalus in patients with cryptococcal meningitis and need not be delayed until patients are mycologically cured. C1 NIAID, Clin Mycol Sect, Clin Invest Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bennett, JE (reprint author), NIAID, Clin Mycol Sect, Clin Invest Lab, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 11C304,MSC-1882, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 8 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 3 BP 629 EP 633 DI 10.1086/515161 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 175RZ UT WOS:000079110000034 PM 10194090 ER PT J AU Brainard, GC Beacham, S Sanford, BE Hanifin, JP Streletz, L Sliney, D AF Brainard, GC Beacham, S Sanford, BE Hanifin, JP Streletz, L Sliney, D TI Near ultraviolet radiation elicits visual evoked potentials in children SO CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE visual evoked potentials; humans; ultraviolet radiation; vision ID PINEAL MELATONIN; SYRIAN-HAMSTER; LIGHT; SENSITIVITY; PHOTOSENSITIVITY; SUPPRESSION; PHYSIOLOGY; WAVELENGTH; RODENTS; CORNEAL AB Objective: Ultraviolet radiation can be transmitted through the ocular media, as well as stimulate the retina, in some invertebrate, vertebrate and mammalian species. This study sought to determine if near ultraviolet radiation (W-A) can elicit visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in young humans. Methods: VEP responses to 10 nm half-peak bandwidths of 340, 360 and 500 nm stimuli were measured in 8 children aged 7-10 years. Each VEP was based on an averaged response to 200 flashes and was recorded using a sensitivity of 250 mu V (full scale) with the International 10-20 electrode placements F-z, O-1, O-z, O-2, and A(1). Peak latencies (ms) were measured for the second negative peak, N-2, third positive peak, P-3. and third negative peak, N-3. The amplitude (mu V) between N-2 and P-3 was also measured. Results: Each child demonstrated a VEP response to both visible and UV-A stimuli. Most VEP parameters relative to the 340 and 360 nm stimuli (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001) were significantly different from the VEP responses to the 500 nm stimulus. Conclusion: The results indicate that the near ultraviolet stimuli were indeed visible to the young human eye. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ, Jefferson Med Coll, Dept Neurol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. USA, Environm Hyg Agcy, Div Laser Microwave, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Brainard, GC (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Univ, Jefferson Med Coll, Dept Neurol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 1388-2457 J9 CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL JI Clin. Neurophysiol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 110 IS 3 BP 379 EP 383 DI 10.1016/S1388-2457(98)00022-4 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 195MN UT WOS:000080255000001 PM 10363758 ER PT J AU Jimenez, CE AF Jimenez, CE TI Scintigraphy of a double renal transplant from an infant donor SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE renal scintigraphy; pediatric cadaver kidneys; en bloc transplantation AB Renal scintigraphy was performed to rule out a urinary leak on a 47-year-old woman a few days after she underwent pediatric cadaver kidney transplantation. Because of the chronic shortage of donor organs, paired pediatric kidneys (from donors younger than 5 years old) are increasingly transplanted using en bloc extraperitoneal anastomosis of the donor aorta and vena cava into the recipient's external iliac artery and vein. The transplantation of two infant kidneys into one recipient doubles the amount of functional renal mass and increases the chance of good long-term renal function. the postoperative scintigraphic evaluation did not show any abnormality. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jimenez, CE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 24 IS 3 BP 188 EP 189 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 168GX UT WOS:000078684400012 PM 10069732 ER PT J AU Kashiyama, K Ohba, Y Takagi, T Behr, M Tezduyar, T AF Kashiyama, K Ohba, Y Takagi, T Behr, M Tezduyar, T TI Parallel finite element method utilizing the mode splitting and sigma coordinate for shallow water flows SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID COMPUTATION AB Parallel finite element method for the analysis of quasi-three dimensional shallow water flow is presented. The mode splitting technique and the sigma coordinate (generalized coordinate) are employed to use parallel computers effectively. Parallel implementation of the unstructured grid-based formulation is carried out on the Hitachi parallel-super computer SR2201. The tidal flow of Tokyo Bay is simulated for a numerical example. The speed-up ratio and the efficiency of the parallelization are investigated. The present method is shown to be a useful and powerful tool for the large scale computation of shallow water flows. C1 Chuo Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1128551, Japan. INA Corp, Coastal Engn Dept, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1128668, Japan. Univ Minnesota, Army HPCRC, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Rice Univ, Army HPC Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Kashiyama, K (reprint author), Chuo Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Bunkyo Ku, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Tokyo 1128551, Japan. RI Behr, Marek/H-5401-2011; Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Behr, Marek/0000-0003-4257-8276; Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0178-7675 J9 COMPUT MECH JI Comput. Mech. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 23 IS 2 BP 144 EP 150 DI 10.1007/s004660050394 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 185EQ UT WOS:000079655500007 ER PT J AU Mittal, S Aliabadi, S Tezduyar, T AF Mittal, S Aliabadi, S Tezduyar, T TI Parallel computation of unsteady compressible flows with the EDICT SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID FLUID-DYNAMICS; ELEMENT; BOUNDARIES; EQUATIONS; SYSTEMS; EULER AB Recently, the Enhanced-Discretization Interface-Capturing Technique (EDICT) was introduced for simulation of unsteady flow problems with interfaces such as two-fluid and free-surface flows. The EDICT yields increased accuracy in representing the interface. Here we extend the EDICT to simulation of unsteady viscous compressible flows with boundary/shear layers and shock/expansion waves. The purpose is to increase the accuracy in selected regions of the computational domain. An error indicator is used to identify these regions that need enhanced discretization. Stabilized finite-element formulations are employed to solve the Navier-Stokes equations in their conservation law form. The finite element functions corresponding to enhanced discretization are designed to have two components, with each component coming from a different level of mesh refinement over the same computational domain. The primary component comes from a base mesh. A subset of the elements in this base mesh are identified for enhanced discretization by utilizing the error indicator. A secondary, more refined, mesh is constructed by patching together the second-level meshes generated over this subset of elements, and the second component of the functions comes from this mesh. The subset of elements in the base mesh that form the secondary mesh may change from one time level to other depending on the distribution of the error in the computations. C1 Rice Univ, Army HPC Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77005 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Engn, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, Army HPC Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Indian Inst Technol, Dept Aeronaut Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Tezduyar, T (reprint author), Rice Univ, Army HPC Res Ctr, MS 321,6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0178-7675 J9 COMPUT MECH JI Comput. Mech. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 23 IS 2 BP 151 EP 157 DI 10.1007/s004660050395 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 185EQ UT WOS:000079655500008 ER PT J AU Harris, LD Briand, EJ Orth, R Galbicka, G AF Harris, LD Briand, EJ Orth, R Galbicka, G TI Assessing the value of television as environmental enrichment for individually housed rhesus monkeys: A behavioral economic approach SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; FOOD; PERFORMANCE; DEMAND AB The goal of this study was to evaluate television as a source of environmental enrichment for individually housed rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by using the concepts of behavioral economics. Phase I entailed the use of operant conditioning to assess the behavior of eight rhesus monkeys given the opportunity to control their environment through lever activation of a television (TV), Success in shaping was variable, and only two animals successfully acquired lever pressing. Phase II used an alternating reinforcement/extinction procedure as a control method to determine the degree to which lever pressing depended on TV presentation. Both animals responded with more lever pressing on the days when lever pressing produced TV. The first animal, tested with the alternating reinforcement/extinction procedure for 12 weeks yielded a mean significant difference of 3.85 (p = 0.036); the second assessed for 9 weeks was associated with a mean significant difference of 6.0 (p = 0.018). Therefore, TV (and not lever pressing itself) was positively reinforcing. The final phase of the study progressively increased the fixed ratio (FR) from 1 to 8, Linear regression of the data points, plotted as the log of price (or FR) vs the consumption of TV, revealed a significantly negative slope (-2,179, p < 0.05) and accounted for 89% of the variance. The negative demand curve suggested that TV is not a valued commodity and is highly elastic. TV provided to individually housed rhesus monkeys appears to be a weakly positive reinforcer for some animals, which may contribute to overall environmental enrichment. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Anim Med, Div Vet Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Harris, LD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Anim Med, Div Vet Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 38 IS 2 BP 48 EP 53 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 185DV UT WOS:000079653600004 PM 12086433 ER PT J AU Keough, GC AF Keough, GC TI Smoking: An ugly habit SO CUTIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID SMOKERS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; WRINKLES; FACES C1 Dwight David Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Keough, GC (reprint author), Dwight David Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 1999 VL 63 IS 3 BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 179AJ UT WOS:000079301100002 PM 10190058 ER PT J AU Gilson, RT Milum, E AF Gilson, RT Milum, E TI Calciphylaxis: Case report and treatment review SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; CALCIFYING PANNICULITIS; PARATHYROIDECTOMY; DISEASE AB We present the case of a 57-year-old white woman with chronic renal failure as well as severely painful, firm, indurated plaques on the thighs and lower extremities. The plaques progressed to involve larger areas with associated local ulceration and necrosis. Laboratory testing revealed hyperparathyroidism, and incisional biopsy confirmed calcifying panniculitis. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Gilson, RT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 1999 VL 63 IS 3 BP 149 EP 153 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 179AJ UT WOS:000079301100008 PM 10190064 ER PT J AU Schissel, DJ David-Bajar, K AF Schissel, DJ David-Bajar, K TI Esophagitis dissecans superficialis associated with pemphigus vulgaris SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID 20-YEAR AB The extension of bullous lesions in pemphigus to the esophagus is relatively uncommon, especially in patients who appear to be in clinical remission. Very rarely, pemphigus vulgaris may affect the entire esophagus, resulting in complete sloughing of the mucous membrane. A 20-year-old man with pemphigus vulgaris presented to the emergency room with acute onset of dysphagia, odynophagia, and hemoptysis, There were no cutaneous or oral findings of pemphigus on presentation, since he was being maintained on corticosteroids and azathioprine with excellent results. During initial evaluation in the emergency room, the patient was observed to vomit a cast of the mucosal lining of the esophagus, The morphologic description of such an esophageal cast is termed esophagitis dissecans superficialis. This is the third case of esophagitis dissecans superficialis in pemphigus vulgaris recorded in the medical literature. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 1999 VL 63 IS 3 BP 157 EP 160 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 179AJ UT WOS:000079301100010 PM 10190066 ER PT J AU Moon, CM Schissel, DJ AF Moon, CM Schissel, DJ TI Pityriasis amiantacea SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB Pityriasis amiantacea is an easily recognizable cutaneous disease that is characterized by scaling of the scalp and temporary alopecia, The scaling, described as thick and asbestos-like, binds down tufts of hair. The alopecia may be temporary or scarring. Despite a well-established clinical description, no definitive etiology has been uncovered. This disease may represent seborrheic dermatitis, superficial fungal or pyogenic infections, lichen planus, or psoriasis, Histologically, the disease is characterized by eczematous features. We report a case of pityriasis amiantacea in an Ii-year-old girl with simultaneous findings of psoriasis as well as review the literature on the etiology of this disease. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schissel, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 1999 VL 63 IS 3 BP 169 EP 170 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 179AJ UT WOS:000079301100014 PM 10190070 ER PT J AU Chapin, BL Medina, S Le, D Bussell, N Bussell, K AF Chapin, BL Medina, S Le, D Bussell, N Bussell, K TI Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism in a US Army population SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; UNITED-STATES POPULATION; DISEASE; HEALTH; NIDDM AB OBJECTIVE - The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) reported that 4.3-6.3% of adult Americans have undiagnosed diabetes, 15.6% have impaired glucose tolerance, and 10.1% have impaired fasting glucose. By design, NHANES III excluded people in the U.S. military: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and impaired fasting glucose among U.S. Army soldiers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A 2-h, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed on a prospective, consecutive sample of 625 asymptomatic soldiers presenting to a U.S. Army medical clinic for physical examinations. Age of subjects wits 32 +/- 9 years (mean +/- SD), and 81.0% of subjects were male. BMI was 26.2 +/- 3.7 kg/m(2). Race/ethnicity categories included Caucasian (54.4%), African-American (24.4%) Hispanic (17.4%), and other (3.7%), A family history of diabetes was reported by 25.4% of the subjects, and the number of exercise sessions per week was 4.0 +/- 1.5. RESULTS - The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 3 of 625 (0.5%) (95% CI, 0.1-1.4); impaired glucose tolerance, 11 of 598 (1.8%) (0.9-3.3); and impaired fasting glucose 6 of 585 (1.0%) (0.4-2.2). CONCLUSIONS - In this low-diabetes risk U.S. Army population, the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and impaired fasting glucose were 0.5, 1.8, and 1.0%, respectively The prevalence rates found in this study are approximately one-tenth of those found in NHANES III. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, El Paso, TX USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Consolidated Troop Med Clin, Ft Bliss, TX USA. RP Chapin, BL (reprint author), Lakes Reg Gen Hosp, Endocrinol Clin, 80 Highland St, Laconia, NH 03246 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [G12-RR-O8124] NR 13 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAR PY 1999 VL 22 IS 3 BP 426 EP 429 DI 10.2337/diacare.22.3.426 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 170LD UT WOS:000078806400011 PM 10097923 ER PT J AU Christopher, GW Eitzen, EM AF Christopher, GW Eitzen, EM TI Air evacuation under high-level biosafety containment: The aeromedical isolation team SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; EBOLA VIRUS; MONKEYS; FEVER AB Military contingency operations in tropical environments and potential use of biological weapons by adversaries may place troops at risk for potentially lethal contagious infections (e.g., viral hemorrhagic fevers, plague, and zoonotic poxvirus infections). Diagnosis and treatment of such infections would be expedited by evacuating a limited number of patients to a facility with containment laboratories. To safely evacuate such patients by military aircraft and minimize the risk for transmission to air crews, caregivers, and civilians, the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases maintains an aeromedical isolation team. This rapid response team, which has worldwide airlift capability designed to evacuate and manage patients under high-level containment, also offers a portable containment laboratory, limited environmental decontamination, and specialized consultative expertise. This article also examines technical aspects of the team's equipment, training, capabilities, and deployments. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, ATTN MCMR UIZ T, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Christopher, GW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, ATTN MCMR UIZ T, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 18 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 5 IS 2 BP 241 EP 246 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 186NH UT WOS:000079735500008 PM 10221876 ER PT J AU Kost, ER Mutch, DG Herzog, TJ AF Kost, ER Mutch, DG Herzog, TJ TI Interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induce synergistic cytolytic effects in ovarian cancer cell lines - Roles of the TR60 and TR80 tumor necrosis factor receptors SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FACTOR TNF RECEPTOR; GYNECOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES; RESISTANCE MECHANISM; IN-VITRO; PHASE-I; EXPRESSION; PROLIFERATION; CYTOTOXICITY; COMBINATION; STIMULATION AB Objective. Utilizing ovarian cancer cell lines, we examined the effect of IFN-gamma on each type of TNF receptor. Additionally, we sought to determine the effect of receptor modulation on TNF-alpha-mediated cytolysis. Methods. Ovarian cancer cell lines Caov-3, A2780, and SK-OV-3 were employed. The number of TNF receptors was determined by a TNF-alpha binding assay utilizing I-125-labeled TNF-alpha. Monoclonal antibodies specific for the 55- to 60-kDa (TR60) and the 75- to 80-kDa (TR80) TNF receptors were used to determine the relative density of each receptor type. Northern blot analyses were performed employing cDNA probes for the TR60 and TR80 mRNAs. To elucidate which receptor(s) was responsible for mediating the signal for cytolysis, 24-h MTT cytolytic assays were performed in the presence of receptor-specific monoclonal antibodies. Results. IFN-gamma treatment resulted in an increase in TNF receptors in the cell lines A2780 and Caov-3 (P < 0.001), but not SK-OV-3. Northern blot analyses suggested distinct regulatory mechanisms for the two receptors. In Caov-3 and SK-OV-3 cells a synergistic increase in TNF-alpha-mediated cytolysis was seen when cells were pretreated with IFN-gamma. In both cell lines, pretreatment with IFN-gamma markedly enhanced the ability of the TR60 receptor to mediate cell lysis. Conversely, under similar treatment conditions, the TR80 receptor did not appear capable of generating a cytolytic signal. Conclusions. TNF receptor modulation by IFN-gamma appears to be unique to individual cell lines. The TR60 TNF receptor plays a central role in the synergistic cytolytic effects of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Sequential therapy with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha and specific TNF receptor activation may provide novel translational strategies for the use of cytokines in the treatment of ovarian cancer. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol MCHE OG, Div Gynecol Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Kost, ER (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol MCHE OG, Div Gynecol Oncol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 72 IS 3 BP 392 EP 401 DI 10.1006/gyno.1998.5257 PG 10 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 174CE UT WOS:000079015900019 PM 10053112 ER PT J AU Crane, CC AF Crane, CC TI Prompt and utter destruction: Truman and the use of atomic bombs against Japan SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Crane, CC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHI ALPHA THETA PI ALLENTOWN PA THE HISTORIAN 50 COLLEGE DR, ALLENTOWN, PA 18104-6100 USA SN 0018-2370 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD SPR PY 1999 VL 61 IS 3 BP 692 EP 693 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 218BV UT WOS:000081534100048 ER PT J AU Tentzeris, MM Harvey, J Katehi, LPB AF Tentzeris, MM Harvey, J Katehi, LPB TI Time adaptive time-domain techniques for the design of microwave circuits SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND GUIDED WAVE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE adaptive gridding; memory compression; microwave circuits; multiresolution; thresholding; time-domain techniques; wavelets AB A novel time adaptive time-domain technique based on the Haar expansion basis is proposed and validated for a specific circuit problem, The modeling of active and passive lumped and distributed elements, as well as of excitation and boundary conditions, is performed effectively, This scheme, based on a combination of absolute and relative thresholding, provides a real-time time adaptive grid with improved time resolution in comparison to conventional time-domain schemes (FDTD) while maintaining a similar accuracy. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30250 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Tentzeris, MM (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30250 USA. NR 5 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 1051-8207 J9 IEEE MICROW GUIDED W JI IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 9 IS 3 BP 96 EP 98 DI 10.1109/75.761672 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 193QP UT WOS:000080148100002 ER PT J AU Neudeck, PG Fazi, C AF Neudeck, PG Fazi, C TI Study of bulk and elementary screw dislocation assisted reverse breakdown in low-voltage (< 250 V) 4H-SiC p(+)n junction diodes - Part II: Dynamic breakdown properties SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Article DE P-N junctions; power semiconductor diodes; semiconductor defects; semiconductor device breakdown; silicon carbide ID SILICON-CARBIDE; RECTIFIERS AB This paper outlines the dynamic reverse-breakdown characteristics of low-voltage (<250 V) small-area <5 x 10(-4) cm(2)) 4H-SiC p(+)n diodes subjected to nonadiabatic breakdown-bias pulsewidths ranging from 0.1 to 20 mu s. IH-SLC diodes with and without elementary screw dislocations exhibited positive temperature coefficient of breakdown voltage and high junction failure power densities approximately five times larger than the average failure power density of reliable silicon pn rectifiers, This result indicates that highly reliable low-voltage SiC rectifiers may be attainable despite the presence of elementary screw dislocations. However, the impact of elementary screw dislocations on other more useful 4H-SiC power device structures, such as high-voltage (>1 kV) pn junction and Schottky rectifiers, and bipolar gain devices (thyristors, IGBT's, etc.) remains to be investigated. C1 NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Neudeck, PG (reprint author), NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 25 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD MAR PY 1999 VL 46 IS 3 BP 485 EP 492 DI 10.1109/16.748866 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 309TG UT WOS:000086784900009 ER PT J AU Ifarraguerri, A Chang, CI AF Ifarraguerri, A Chang, CI TI Multispectral and hyperspectral image analysis with convex cones SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE classification; convex cone analysis; hyperspectral digital imagery collection experiment (HYDICE); hyperspectral image; multispectral image; unmixing ID CLASSIFICATION; RESOLUTION AB A new approach to multispectral and hyperspectral image analysis is presented. This method, called convex cone analysis (CCA), is based on the fact that some physical quantities such as radiance are nonnegative. The vectors formed by discrete radiance spectra are linear combinations of nonnegative components, and they lie inside a nonnegative, convex region. The object of CCA is to find the boundary points of this region, which can be used as endmember spectra for unmixing or as target vectors for classification. To implement this concept, we find the eigenvectors of the sample spectral correlation matrix of the image. Given the number of endmembers or classes, we select as many eigenvectors corresponding to the largest eigenvalues. These eigenvectors are used as a basis to form linear combinations that have only nonnegative elements, and thus they lie inside a convex cone. The vertices of the convex cone will be those points whose spectral vector contains as many zero elements as the number of eigenvectors minus one, Accordingly, a mixed pixel can be decomposed by identifying the vertices that were used to form its spectrum. An algorithm for finding the convex cone boundaries is presented, and applications to unsupervised unmixing and classification are demonstrated with simulated data as well as experimental data from the hyperspectral digital imagery collection experiment (HYDICE). C1 USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Remote Sensing Signal & Image Proc Lab, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Ifarraguerri, A (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM cchang@umbc2.umbc.edu NR 27 TC 144 Z9 155 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 2 BP 756 EP 770 DI 10.1109/36.752192 PN 1 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 177VJ UT WOS:000079231500011 ER PT J AU Hale, PS Arno, RG Briggs, SJ AF Hale, PS Arno, RG Briggs, SJ TI Operational maintenance data for power generation distribution and HVAC components SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference CY MAY 06-09, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP IEEE, IAS DE availability; power distribution; power generation; reliability AB This paper describes the culmination of a 24000-man-hour effort to collect operational and maintenance data on 239 power generation, power distribution, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning items, including gas turbine generators, diesel engine generators, switch-gear assemblies, cables, boilers, piping, valves, and chillers. This program was designed to determine the effects of "new technology" equipment, i.e., equipment installed after 1971, on availability. The central hypothesis was that this new equipment would exhibit a significant increase in availability, with corresponding decreases in required maintenance and the occurrence of failures, Information was obtained on a variety of commercial and industrial facility types (including office buildings, hospitals, water treatment facilities, prisons, utilities, manufacturing facilities, schools, universities, and bank computer centers), with varying degrees of maintenance quality. Data collection guidelines and goals were established to ensure that sufficient operational and maintenance data were collected for statistically valid analysis. Time-to-failure data, helpful in model development, were collected to determine device failure characteristics. A data-base system, with flexible output capabilities, was developed to track both the equipment information (containing over 6000 records of operational and maintenance data) and the contact information (containing ol er 3500 records identifying information sources). Both data quality and maintenance quality level were assessed during the analysis phase of the project, The results supported the main hypothesis. Maintenance quality level was a predictor of availability. In addition, the information obtained can aid facility designers and engineers in evaluating different designs to minimize production/mission failure and to estimate the downtimes associated with various systems or subsystems. Facility types that require more maintenance time and systems that may benefit from redundancy or replacement can also be identified. This two-year program was sponsored by the U.S. Army Power Reliability Enhancement Program, Fort Belvoir, VA. The work was accomplished by the Reliability Analysis Center, Rome, NY. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, PREP, Washington, DC 20314 USA. IIT, Res Inst, Reliabil Anal Ctr, Rome, NY 13440 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Hale, PS (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, PREP, Washington, DC 20314 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0093-9994 J9 IEEE T IND APPL JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 282 EP 297 DI 10.1109/28.753619 PG 16 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 181CY UT WOS:000079424100001 ER PT J AU Tsokos, GC Liossis, SNC AF Tsokos, GC Liossis, SNC TI Immune cell signaling defects in lupus: activation, anergy and death SO IMMUNOLOGY TODAY LA English DT Editorial Material ID RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; FAS-LIGAND; T-CELLS; INCREASED EXPRESSION; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE; CD40 LIGAND; ERYTHEMATOSUS; LYMPHOCYTES; FC AB Recent studies have identified novel aberrations in antigen receptor-mediated signaling events in lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Here, we propose that in lupus lymphocytes, the receptor-mediated increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation and cytoplasmic free Ca2+ responses, along with T-cell receptor zeta chain deficiency, might explain the previously described diverse and conflicting immunoregulatory defects in human lupus. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Room A3060, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM gtsokos@usa.net FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-42269] NR 42 TC 94 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0167-5699 J9 IMMUNOL TODAY JI Immunol. Today PD MAR PY 1999 VL 20 IS 3 BP 119 EP 124 DI 10.1016/S0167-5699(98)01395-4 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 181BN UT WOS:000079420900004 PM 10203702 ER PT J AU Glenn, GM Scharton-Kersten, T Vassell, R Matyas, GR Alving, CR AF Glenn, GM Scharton-Kersten, T Vassell, R Matyas, GR Alving, CR TI Transcutaneous immunization with bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxins as antigens and adjuvants SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; CELL CHOLERA VACCINE; ORAL-B SUBUNIT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; TOXIN; INJECTION; IMMUNITY; CHILDREN; MICE AB Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a new technique that uses the application of vaccine antigens in a solution on the skin to induce potent antibody responses without systemic or local toxicity. We have previously shown that cholera toxin (CT), a potent adjuvant for oral and nasal immunization, can induce both serum and mucosal immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA and protect against toxin-mediated mucosal disease when administered by the transcutaneous route. Additionally, CT acts as an adjuvant for coadministered antigens such as tetanus and diphtheria toxoids when applied to the skin. CT, a member of the bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxin (bARE) family, is most potent as an adjuvant when the A-B subunits are present and functional. We now show that TCI induces secondary antibody responses to coadministered antigens as sell as to CT in response to boosting immunizations, Ige antibodies to coadministered antigens were also found in the stools and lung washes of immunized mice, suggesting that TCI may target mucosal pathogens. Mice immunized by the transcutaneous route with tetanus fragment C and CT developed anti-tetanus toroid antibodies and were protected against systemic tetanus toxin challenge, We also show that bAREs, similarly organized as A-B subunits, as well as the B subunit of CT alone, induced antibody responses to themselves when given via TCI, Thus, TCI appears to induce potent, protective immune responses to both systemic and mucosal challenge and offers significant potential practical advantages fur vaccine delivery. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. IOMAI Corp, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Glenn, GM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Bldg 40,Rm 3049,14th & Dahlia St NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 36 TC 108 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 3 BP 1100 EP 1106 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 169FF UT WOS:000078736300013 PM 10024549 ER PT J AU Stiles, BG Campbell, YG Castle, RM Grove, SA AF Stiles, BG Campbell, YG Castle, RM Grove, SA TI Correlation of temperature and toxicity in murine studies of staphylococcal enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; LETHAL ENDOTOXIN-SHOCK; STREPTOCOCCAL PYROGENIC EXOTOXIN; CLASS-II MOLECULES; CYTOKINE RELEASE; T-CELLS; SUPERANTIGEN; MICE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; BINDING AB This study describes a quick (<12 h) assay for detecting temperature decreases in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), SEE, or SEC3 or toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and a potentiating dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Toxin-specific antisera effectively neutralized the temperature fluctuations in this model. Orally administered SEA or SEE (50 mu g/animal), with or without LPS, did not have an effect on temperature or lethality. Versus wild-type mice, transgenic knockout mice lacking the p55 receptor for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or gamma interferon were protected against an i.p. challenge of SEA plus LPS. The p75 receptor for TNF and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 have a negligible role in this toxic shock model. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Shippensburg Univ, Shippensburg, PA 17257 USA. RP Stiles, BG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 40 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 3 BP 1521 EP 1525 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 169FF UT WOS:000078736300069 PM 10024605 ER PT J AU Andrews, GP Strachan, ST Benner, GE Sample, AK Anderson, GW Adamovicz, JJ Welkos, SL Pullen, JK Friedlander, AM AF Andrews, GP Strachan, ST Benner, GE Sample, AK Anderson, GW Adamovicz, JJ Welkos, SL Pullen, JK Friedlander, AM TI Protective efficacy of recombinant Yersinia outer proteins against bubonic plague caused by encapsulated and nonencapsulated Yersinia pestis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID CELL PLASMA-MEMBRANE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; TARGET-CELL; VIRULENCE DETERMINANT; TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE; POLARIZED TRANSFER; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; YOPE CYTOTOXIN; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; EXPRESSION AB To evaluate the role of Yersinia outer proteins (Yops) in conferring protective immunity against plague, six yap loci from Yersinia pestis were individually amplified by PCR, cloned, and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant proteins were purified and injected into mice. Most Yop-vaccinated animals succumbed to infection with either wild-type encapsulated Y. pestis or a virulent, nonencapsulated isogenic variant. Vaccination with YpkA significantly prolonged mean survival time but did not increase overall survival of mice infected with the nonencapsulated strain. The only significant protection against death was observed in YopD-vaccinated mice challenged with the nonencapsulated strain. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Andrews, GP (reprint author), Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, D-66849 Landstuhl, Germany. NR 38 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 3 BP 1533 EP 1537 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 169FF UT WOS:000078736300071 PM 10024607 ER PT J AU Fossey, SA Tripathy, S AF Fossey, SA Tripathy, S TI Atomistic modeling of interphases in spider silk fibers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Silk CY JUN, 1998 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA HO UNIV VIRGINIA DE spider silk fibers; atomistic modeling; polymer interphases ID DRAGLINE SILK; POLYMERS; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); GLASS AB We present a structural description of the intercrystalline polymer interphase based on atomistic modeling for spider dragline silk fibers. In the model small crystallites are connected by interphases. The interphases are assumed to be thin layers (<4 nm) of statistically arranged chains. The calculated mechanical moduli of these interphases are significantly greater than the isotropic amorphous material. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Div Biotechnol, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA USA. RP Fossey, SA (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Div Biotechnol, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-8130 J9 INT J BIOL MACROMOL JI Int. J. Biol. Macromol. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1016/S0141-8130(98)00079-8 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 193VF UT WOS:000080158000006 PM 10342755 ER PT J AU Valluzzi, R Gido, SP Muller, W Kaplan, DL AF Valluzzi, R Gido, SP Muller, W Kaplan, DL TI Orientation of silk III at the air-water interface SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Silk CY JUN, 1998 CL UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA HO UNIV VIRGINIA DE Bombyx mori; silk III; interface ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GROWTH; NUCLEATION; LANGMUIR; GLYCINE AB A threefold helical crystal structure of Bombyx mori silk fibroin has been observed in films prepared from aqueous silk fibroin solutions using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. The films were studied using a combination of transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction techniques. Films prepared at a surface pressure of 16.7 mN/m have a uniaxially oriented crystalline texture, with the helical axis oriented perpendicular to the plane of the LB him. Films obtained from the air-water interface without compression have a different orientation, with the helical axes lying roughly in the plane of the film. In both cases the d-spacings observed in electron diffraction are the same and match a threefold helical model crystal structure, silk III, described in previous publications. Differences in the relative intensities of the observed reflections in both types of oriented samples, as compared to unoriented samples, allows estimations of orientation distributions and the calculations of orientation parameters. The orientation of the fibroin chain axis in the plane of the interfacial film for uncompressed samples is consistent with the amphiphilic behavior previously postulated to drive the formation of the threefold helical silk III conformation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, WM Keck Electron Microscopy Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Tufts Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Biotechnol, Medford, MA 02255 USA. RP Gido, SP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, WM Keck Electron Microscopy Lab, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 9 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-8130 J9 INT J BIOL MACROMOL JI Int. J. Biol. Macromol. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 237 EP 242 DI 10.1016/S0141-8130(99)00002-1 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 193VF UT WOS:000080158000021 PM 10342770 ER PT J AU Carrillo, AR West, JE Horner, DA Peters, JF AF Carrillo, AR West, JE Horner, DA Peters, JF TI Interactive large-scale soil modeling using distributed high performance computing environments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AB The ability to visually interact with and guide a running simulation can greatly enhance understanding of both the nature of a numerical model and the characteristics of the underlying physical process. This article will discuss the development of a distributed, interactive modeling system capable of providing responsive visual feedback to user input. The system is built around a discrete element soil model being used to simulate the behavior of soil masses under large deformations. In designing this application to be interactively responsive to the user for soil masses of several hundred thousand particles, a range of technical problems were encountered, including the computational burden of the discrete element method (DEM), real-time visualization of large particle masses, and communication of data over large distances between heterogeneous resources using a variety of networks. This article will highlight how each of those obstacles was addressed and discuss the effectiveness of the final system. C1 USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Carrillo, AR (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM car-rillo@bugs.wes.army.mil NR 29 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1094-3420 J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 13 IS 1 BP 33 EP 48 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 160VL UT WOS:000078252100003 ER PT J AU Reddy, TV Olson, GR Wiechman, B Reddy, G Torsella, J Daniel, FB Leach, GJ AF Reddy, TV Olson, GR Wiechman, B Reddy, G Torsella, J Daniel, FB Leach, GJ TI Toxicity of tetryl (N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline) in F344 rats SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alpha-2-MicroGlobulin; F344 rats; methemoglobin; subchronic toxicity; tetryl (N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline) ID 1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE TNB; FISCHER-344 RATS; ALPHA-2U-GLOBULIN; TRINITROTOLUENE AB The toxicity of tetryl (N-methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline) in male and female F344 rats was evaluated after adminstration in the diet for 14 or 90 days. The 14 day study diet concentrations used were 0, 500, 1250, 2000, 2500, and 5000 ppm; the 90-day study diet concentrations were 0, 200, 1000, and 3000 ppm tetryl in the diet. The calculated average daily tetryl intake was 32.1, 82.5, 130.3, 178.9, and 374.4 mg/kg body weight (BW) for females and 31.8, 80.0, 121.0, 170.5, and 349.7 mg/kg BW for males in the 14-day study. For the 90-day studies, the daily tetryl intake was 14.2, 68.8, and 199.0 mg/kg BW for females and 13.0, 62.4, and 179.6 mg/kg BW for males. In the 14-day study, there was a significant decrease in body weights (males), whereas relative (organ/body weight) liver and spleen (females), and kidney (males) weights were significantly increased in the 5000-ppm dose group. Hematological effects observed were decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit and an increased number of reticulocyts in females (2000 to 5000 ppm). Methemoglobin levels in males (2000 to 5000 ppm) and females (5000 ppm) and total blood protein and albumin levels in all groups of males and females (except 500 ppm) were significantly increased. Histopathological changes were observed in kidneys (deposition of cytoplasmic droplets) of ail dose groups of male rats. In the subchronic (90-day) study feed intake was reduced in all dose groups, but a significant decrease in terminal body weights was observed in females (1000 and 3000 ppm) and males (3000 ppm). An increase in the relative liver, kidney (1000-3000 ppm), and spleen (3000 ppm) weights mere noted in both sexes. The hemoglobin content and red blood cell count were decreased whereas the reticulocyte count was elevated (3000 ppm) in both sexes at 45 and 90 days. Methemoglobin levels were increased in both sexes (1000 and 3000 ppm). Histopathological changes were noted in the spleen (pigment deposition and erythroid cell hyperplasia) of both sexes (3000 ppm) and kidneys (tubular degeneration and cytoplasmic droplets containing alpha-2-micro globulin) of male rats (1000 to 3000 ppm). A no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for both sexes was 13 mg/kg BW/day was determined. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Pathol Associates Inc, W Chester, OH USA. RP Reddy, TV (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Bldg E-2100, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 18 IS 2 BP 97 EP 107 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 171QT UT WOS:000078875600002 ER PT J AU Thach, AB AF Thach, AB TI Laser injuries of the Eye SO INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY CLINICS LA English DT Article ID ND-YAG LASER; COLOR CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; INDUCED RETINAL INJURY; PANRETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION; THRESHOLD RETINOPATHY; PHOTO-COAGULATION; INDUCED CATARACT; ARGON; IRIDOTOMY; CORNEAL C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP 3504 Littledale Rd, Kensington, MD 20895 USA. NR 93 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0020-8167 J9 INT OPHTHALMOL CLIN JI Int. Ophthalmol. Clin. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 39 IS 2 BP 13 EP 27 DI 10.1097/00004397-199903920-00003 PG 15 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 196VQ UT WOS:000080329000002 PM 10343922 ER PT J AU Thapinta, D Jenkins, RA Celentano, DD Nitayaphan, S Buapunth, P Triampon, A Morgan, PA Khamboonruang, C Suwanarach, C Yutabootr, Y Ruckphaopunt, S Suwankiti, S Tubtong, V Cheewawat, W McNeil, JG Michael, RA AF Thapinta, D Jenkins, RA Celentano, DD Nitayaphan, S Buapunth, P Triampon, A Morgan, PA Khamboonruang, C Suwanarach, C Yutabootr, Y Ruckphaopunt, S Suwankiti, S Tubtong, V Cheewawat, W McNeil, JG Michael, RA TI Evaluation of behavioral and social issues among Thai HIV vaccine trial volunteers SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV vaccine trials; HIV sexual risk behavior; developing countries; Thailand ID NORTHERN THAILAND; PHASE-I; PARTICIPATE; INFECTION AB Behavioral and social issues were investigated in phase I/II preventive HIV vaccine trial volunteers in Thailand. These included risk behavior, HIV knowledge, distress, and social experiences associated with trial participation. Data were collected at baseline and at 4- and 8-month follow-up visits. Volunteers reported relatively low levels of risk behaviors at baseline and at the follow-up visits. About one fifth reported overtly negative reactions from family or friends. No problems with discrimination in employment, health care, or insurance were reported. Findings add to the evidence suggesting the feasibility of phase I/II prophylactic HIV vaccine trials with low-risk volunteers in Thailand. C1 Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Nursing, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Med, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. AFRIMS, Royal Thai Army Med Dept, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. RP Jenkins, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, BIRBDHAP, 1600 clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 27 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 20 IS 3 BP 308 EP 314 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 175EP UT WOS:000079080400015 PM 10077182 ER PT J AU Hunt, RA AF Hunt, RA TI Facing My Lai: Moving beyond the massacre. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Hunt, RA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 85 IS 4 BP 1677 EP 1678 DI 10.2307/2568409 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 181AY UT WOS:000079419500180 ER EF