FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Yenesew, A Derese, S Irungu, B Midiwo, JO Waters, NC Liyala, P Akala, H Heydenreich, M Peter, MG AF Yenesew, A Derese, S Irungu, B Midiwo, JO Waters, NC Liyala, P Akala, H Heydenreich, M Peter, MG TI Flavonoids and isoflavonoids with antiplasmodial activities from the root bark of Erythrina abyssinca SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Article DE Erythrina abyssinica; Leguminosae; root bark; pterocarpene; isoflav-3-ene; 3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-10-(3,3-dimethylallyl); pterocarpene; 7,4-dihydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyisoflav-3-ene; antiplasmodials ID STEM BARK; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; FLAVANONES; AGENTS; RESISTANCE; SACLEUXII; INVITRO AB From the root bark of Erythrina abyssinica a new pterocarpene [3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-10-(3,3-dimethylallyl)pterocarpene] and a new isoflav-3-ene [7,4'-dihydroxy-2',5'-dimethoxyisoflav-3-ene] were isolated. In addition, the known compounds erycristagallin, licoagrochalcone A, octacosyl ferulate and triacontyl 4-hydroxycinnamate were identified. The structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. The crude extract and the flavonoids and isoflavonoids obtained from the roots of this plant showed antiplasmodial activities. C1 Univ Nairobi, Dept Chem, Nairobi, Kenya. Univ Potsdam, Inst Chim, Potsdam, Germany. USA, Med Res Unit Kenya, APO, AE 09831 USA. RP Yenesew, A (reprint author), Univ Nairobi, Dept Chem, POB 30197, Nairobi, Kenya. NR 20 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 69 IS 7 BP 658 EP 661 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 714AK UT WOS:000184890000013 PM 12898424 ER PT J AU Buckenmaier, CC Lee, EH Shields, CH Sampson, JB Chiles, JH AF Buckenmaier, CC Lee, EH Shields, CH Sampson, JB Chiles, JH TI Regional anesthesia in austere environments SO REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE regional anesthesia; austere environments; military anesthesia; regional anesthesia training ID SPINAL-ANESTHESIA; SURGERY; CASUALTIES AB Military anesthesiologists must master the complexities of modern anesthesia at home, like their civilian counterparts, and also be prepared to provide effective, safe anesthesia in the chaotic and austere environment of the modern battlefield. This article describes the Army Regional Anesthesia Initiative and Operational Anesthesia Rotation programs designed to facilitate this difficult goal. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Reg Anesthesia Sect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Hlth Care Syst, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Buckenmaier, CC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Reg Anesthesia Sect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Buckenmaier III, Chester/0000-0003-3623-5525 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1098-7339 J9 REGION ANESTH PAIN M JI Region. Anesth. Pain Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 28 IS 4 BP 321 EP 327 DI 10.1016/S1098-7339(03)00198-6 PG 7 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 707HN UT WOS:000184505400012 PM 12945026 ER PT J AU Gaydos, CA Howell, MR Quinn, TC Mckee, KT Gaydos, JC AF Gaydos, CA Howell, MR Quinn, TC Mckee, KT Gaydos, JC TI Sustained high prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in female army recruits SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LIGASE CHAIN-REACTION; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; DNA AMPLIFICATION ASSAYS; FAMILY-PLANNING CLINICS; FIRST-VOID URINE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; MILITARY RECRUITS; WOMEN; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Chlamydia trachomatis infections are prevalent among young sexually active females, have serious sequelae, and are mostly asymptomatic. Screening and treatment of infected females has been demonstrated to prevent sequelae such as pelvic inflammatory disease. Goal: To assess prevalence and risk factors for chlamydia infection in US Army female recruits, whether these changed over time, and to examine variables contributing to any observed patterns. Study Design: Prevalence study of 23,010 non-healthcare-seeking female Army recruits enrolled in a chlamydia screening program at Fort Jackson, SC, from January 1996 through June 1999. Each of the 4-year cohorts was examined separately for prevalence and risk factors. Main Outcome Measures: Urine-based testing for C trachomatis by ligase chain reaction was used to determine prevalence, and questionnaires were used to collect demographic and risk information. State home of record for each recruit was transformed into Public Health reporting region: West, Midwest, South, Northeast, and Territories. Results: Prevalence for all years was 9.51%, but a progressive increase from 8.51% to 9.92% occurred over the course of study (P = 0.018). The proportion of individuals reporting specific risk factors during the 90 days preceding the study generally decreased over time. In a regression model, significant risk factors for infection included black race, age 25 years or younger, home-of-record from the South, being screened during years 3 and 4 of the study, more than one sex partner, a new sex partner, and history of any sexually transmitted disease. Condom use was protective. In another model controlling for age and home-of-record from the South, being screened in years 2, 3, and 4 of the study were significantly predictive for being chlamydia positive. Conclusion: A high and slightly increasing prevalence of C trachomatis infection was observed among young females entering the military over 4 consecutive years. Young age, black race, home-of-record from the South, more than one sex partner, a new sex partner, condom use, and a history of having a sexually transmitted disease were correlates of chlamydia infection. Sustained high rates of C trachomatis infection in this population provide clear justification for a chlamydia control program for young women entering the Army consisting of screening at entry on the basis of age and possibly home-of-record together with continued periodic rescreening. Summary: A study of 23,010 female Army recruits demonstrated that a high prevalence of C trachomatis was sustained during 4 years of observation. Year of study, young age, and being from the South were significant predictors of infection. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Gaydos, CA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, 1159 Ross Res Bldg,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 37 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 30 IS 7 BP 539 EP 544 DI 10.1097/00007435-200307000-00002 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 699CE UT WOS:000184037700002 PM 12838080 ER PT J AU Cassidy, RA AF Cassidy, RA TI Influence of steroids on oxidant generation in activated human granulocytes and mononuclear leukocytes SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE estradiol; cortisol; progesterone; monocytes; neutrophil; nitric oxide; flow cytometry; inflammation ID ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; NITRIC-OXIDE; HUMAN POLYMORPHONUCLEAR; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; GENDER DIFFERENCES; ESTROGEN FORMATION; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; HUMAN MONOCYTES; RECEPTOR AB Steroids, in particular, 17beta-estradiol (E-2), have been reported to improve the response to trauma in animal models. In these models, the leukocyte plays a critical role in the inflammatory cascade. We examined the affects of E-2, hydrocortisone (H), progesterone (P-4), and E-2 with P-4 on oxidant production in human granulocytes (PMNs) and mono-nuclear leukocytes (MNCs). Each cell type was loaded with 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein and then simultaneously activated with human cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interferon gamma) and hemoglobin and inhibited with and without equimolar concentrations of each steroid treatment or nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitors. After incubations of 1 or 5 h, intracellular oxidants were quantified by flow cytometry. Activation by cytokines combined with hemoglobin, resulted in a 450-575% increase in oxidant production that was synergistically greater than the sum of either component alone. Pharmacological levels of E-2 decreased oxidants in MNCs at 1 h. In contrast at 5 h, H decreased oxidants more than E-2. The addition of P-4 to E-2 Concentrations almost eliminated oxidants from 1 h-activated MNCs. None of the steroids significantly reduced oxidants in PMNs, suggesting that the E-2 effect on MNCs was not caused by its nonreceptor-mediated antioxidant properties. Because L-NMMA inhibited at least 55% of the total oxidants, part of E-2 dampening effects would be attributed to NO. These results suggest that steroid-attenuated MNC-derived NO may reduce autocrine and paracrine effects on inflammation if appropriate doses of steroids are given soon after injury. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cassidy, RA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUL PY 2003 VL 20 IS 1 BP 85 EP 90 DI 10.1097/01.shk.0000070740.34700.cd PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 693FJ UT WOS:000183706100015 PM 12813374 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of 1,5-dicarba-closo-pentaborane(5) SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; 1,5-dicarba-closo-pentaborane(5) ID METAL-PROMOTED REACTIONS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CLOSO-CARBORANES C2B3H5; SPIN-COUPLING-CONSTANTS; BORON HYDRIDES; POLYHEDRAL CARBORANES; ELECTRON-DENSITY; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SMALL BORANES; MOLECULES AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 1,5-dicarba-closo-pentaborane(5) are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 Set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-H stretch, B-H stretch, B-B stretch, B-C stretch, C-H wag, and B-H wag) utilizing the D-3h symmetry of the molecule. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with IR and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Theoretical IR and Raman intensities are reported. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 85 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 59 IS 9 BP 2049 EP 2061 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(03)00002-7 PG 13 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 692RN UT WOS:000183674200013 PM 12788458 ER PT J AU Savransky, V Rostapshov, V Pinelis, D Polotsky, Y Korolev, S Komisar, J Fegeding, K AF Savransky, V Rostapshov, V Pinelis, D Polotsky, Y Korolev, S Komisar, J Fegeding, K TI Murine lethal toxic shock caused by intranasal administration of staphylococcal enterotoxin B SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE staphylococcal enterotoxin B; superantigen; toxic shock; animal model; histopathology; immune system ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MONKEYS MACACA-MULATTA; HUMAN T-CELLS; SEPTIC SHOCK; IN-VIVO; BACTERIAL SUPERANTIGENS; INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA; TRANSGENIC MICE; APOPTOSIS; INDUCTION AB Currently available murine staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) shock models require pretreatment with various agents to increase mouse sensitivity to SEB. This study was performed to show that C3H/HeJ mice are highly susceptible to intranasal SEB inoculation, which caused toxic shock without using pretreatment agents. For this purpose, mice were injected intranasally with different doses of SEB and observed for up to 1 month. The median lethal dose of SEB was determined using the probit procedure. Tissue samples were taken at different time points for histopathological examination. The LD50 was found at 1.6 mug/g (95% fiducial limit (f.l.) 0.7 to 2.2), the LD80 at 2.7 mug/g (95% f.l. 1.9 to 4.0) and the LD90 at 3.6 mug/g (95% f.l. 2.7 to 6.4). Histopathologic examination revealed pulmonary edema and bronchopneumonia. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue first became activated, followed by increasing lymphocyte apoptosis and depletion. In the liver there were intralobular and portal inflammatory foci with increasing lymphocyte apoptosis and degenerative necrosis. The splenic white pulp was characterized by early activation and subsequent depletion of lymphoid follicle germinal centers. The thymus initially was activated, followed by increasing apoptosis and migration of lymphoid cells from the cortex to the medulla. The pathological features detected in the mice were similar to those of rhesus monkeys treated with SEB aerosol challenge. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Good Samaritan Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. RP Fegeding, K (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 44 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 31 IS 4 BP 373 EP 378 DI 10.1080/01926230390201093 PG 6 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 712GD UT WOS:000184788800003 PM 12851102 ER PT J AU Dirikolu, L Hughes, C Harkins, D Boyles, J Bosken, J Lehner, F Troppmann, A McDowell, K Tobin, T Sebastian, MM Harrison, L Crutchfield, J Baskin, SI Fitzgerald, TD AF Dirikolu, L Hughes, C Harkins, D Boyles, J Bosken, J Lehner, F Troppmann, A McDowell, K Tobin, T Sebastian, MM Harrison, L Crutchfield, J Baskin, SI Fitzgerald, TD TI The toxicokinetics of cyanide and mandelonitrile in the horse and their relevance to the mare reproductive loss syndrome SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE cyanide; EFL; fetal loss; horse; LFL; MRLS; reproductive loss syndrome; toxicity ID PHARMACOKINETICS; DEPLETION; BLOOD AB The epidemiological association between black cherry trees and mare reproductive loss syndrome has focused attention on cyanide and environmental cyanogens. This article describes the toxicokinetics of cyanide in horses and the relationships between blood cyanide concentrations and potentially adverse responses to cyanide. To identify safe and humane blood concentration limits for cyanide experiments, mares were infused with increasing doses ( 1 - 12 mg/min) of sodium cyanide for 1 h. Infusion at 12 mg/min produced clinical signs of cyanide toxicity at 38 min; these signs included increased heart rate, weakness, lack of coordination, loss of muscle tone, and respiratory and behavioral distress. Peak blood cyanide concentrations were about 2500 ng/mL; the clinical and biochemical signs of distress reversed when infusion stopped. Four horses were infused with 1 mg/min of sodium cyanide for 1 h to evaluate the distribution and elimination kinetics of cyanide. Blood cyanide concentrations peaked at 1160 ng/mL and then declined rapidly, suggesting a two-compartment, open model. The distribution ( alpha) phase half-life was 0.74 h, the terminal ( beta phase) half-life was 16.16 h. The mean residence time was 12.4 h, the steady-state volume of distribution was 2.21 L/kg, and the mean systemic clearance was 0.182 L/h/kg. Partitioning studies showed that blood cyanide was about 98.5% associated with the red cell fraction. No clinical signs of cyanide intoxication or distress were observed during these infusion experiments. Mandelonitrile was next administered orally at 3 mg/kg to four horses. Cyanide was rapidly available from the orally administered mandelonitrile and the C-max blood concentration of 1857 ng/mL was observed at 3 min after dosing; thereafter, blood cyanide again declined rapidly, reaching 100 ng/mL by 4 h postadministration. The mean oral bioavailability of cyanide from mandelonitrile was 57% +/- 6.5 (SEM), and its apparent terminal half- life was 13 h +/- 3 ( SEM). No clinical signs of cyanide intoxication or distress were observed during these experiments. These data show that during acute exposure to higher doses of cyanide (similar to600 mg/horse; 2500 ng/mL of cyanide in blood), redistribution of cyanide rapidly terminated the acute toxic responses. Similarly, mandelonitrile rapidly delivered its cyanide content, and acute cyanide intoxications following mandelonitrile administration can also be terminated by redistribution. Rapid termination of cyanide intoxication by redistribution is consistent with and explains many of the clinical and biochemical characteristics of acute, high-dose cyanide toxicity. On the other hand, at lower concentrations (< 100 ng/mL in blood), metabolic transformation of cyanide is likely the dominant mechanism of termination of action. This process is slow, with terminal half-lives ranging from 12 - 16 hours. The large volume of distribution and the long terminal-phase - elimination half-life of cyanide suggest different mechanisms for toxicities and termination of toxicities associated with low-level exposure to cyanide. If environmental exposure to cyanide is a factor in the cause of MRLS, then it is likely in the more subtle effects of low concentrations of cyanide on specific metabolic processes that the associations will be found. C1 Univ Kentucky, Maxwell H Gluck Equine Res Ctr, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. Univ Kentucky, Livestock Dis Diagnost Ctr, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY USA. USA, Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. SUNY Coll Cortland, Dept Biol Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. RP Tobin, T (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Vet Sci, Gluck Equine Res Ctr 108, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1537-6524 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 13 IS 3 BP 199 EP 211 DI 10.1080/15376520390223499 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 705TC UT WOS:000184410000005 PM 20021160 ER PT J AU Logan, TP Sartori, DA AF Logan, TP Sartori, DA TI Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the solution and solvolysis of sulfur mustard in deuterium oxide SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE hydrolysis; kinetics; nuclear magnetic resonance; sulfur mustard ID HUMAN EPIDERMAL-KERATINOCYTES; TOXICITY; CULTURE; NMR AB Our laboratory performs in vitro experiments in which cell cultures are exposed to sulfur mustard (HD) to investigate the toxicity of this agent of chemical warfare. To perform these experiments, it is important to know the rate of hydrolysis of HD in order to calculate the concentrations of HD and its hydrolysis products during the experiment. Researchers have previously investigated the kinetics and mechanism of the hydrolysis of HD using a variety of methods. In the present study, we used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to investigate HD's dissolution and solvolysis in deuterium oxide (D2O) at 2 mM. We followed activity in proton spectrums and determined the half-life (t(1/2)) of HD to be 7.0 +/- 0.5 min in four experiments performed at 22 degreesC. In addition, we determined the t(1/2) of HD in D2O containing 0.17 M sodium chloride to be 24 +/- 1 min in three experiments performed at 22 degreesC. As further proof of the existence of HD dissolved into D2O, deuterohexane was used to extract the D2O HD solution. The resulting deutero-hexane solution was studied by H-1 NMR and GC/MS. The results obtained match those received from a standard deuterohexane HD solution. These results demonstrate that HD can be identified in D2O with proton NMR and that proton NMR data can be used to monitor the subsequent solvolysis of HD. C1 USA, Med Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Logan, TP (reprint author), USA, Med Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1537-6524 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PD JUL-SEP PY 2003 VL 13 IS 3 BP 235 EP 240 DI 10.1080/15376520390223525 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 705TC UT WOS:000184410000009 PM 20021164 ER PT J AU Peterson, JR Flanagan, DC Robinson, KM AF Peterson, JR Flanagan, DC Robinson, KM TI Channel evolution and erosion in pam-treated and untreated experimental waterways SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASAE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Agricultural-Engineers CY JUL 28-31, 2002 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers DE channel; erosion; gully erosion; headcut; PAM; polyacrylamide; sediment yield ID SPRINKLER IRRIGATION RUNOFF; SILT LOAM SOIL; RAINFALL CONDITIONS; SIMULATED RAINFALL; SEDIMENT YIELD; STEEP SLOPES; POLYACRYLAMIDE; AMENDMENTS; CHEMISTRY; POLYMERS AB Unprotected earthen waterways (e.g., grassed waterways before vegetation) and ephemeral gullies are prone to severe erosion. Previous research has suggested that polyacrylamide (PAM) may reduce erosion in areas of concentrated flow. This research tested the hypothesis that a PAM-treated channel would result in significantly less erosion than untreated soil in a pre-formed, trapezoidal channel measuring 0.6 m at the top, 0.1 m at the bottom, 0.13 m deep, and 15.2 m long. Anionic PAM (30% charge density, 18 Mg mol(-1) molecular weight) was applied in solution at a rate of 80 kg ha(-1). The soil used in these experiments was red clay loam (37% sand, 35% silt, 28% clay). Channel geometry and sediment concentration were measured for each of four inflow rates (0.0016, 0.0032, 0.0063, and 0.0126 m(3) s(-1)). A secondary objective was to measure the influence of PAM on headcut rate advance. Measured sediment yield rate was significantly less from PAM-treated channels than from the control. Reductions in sediment yield rate ranged from 93% to 98%. Channel incision depth was not different between the two treatments; however, effective flow widths (assuming rectangular channel geometry) were significantly greater for the untreated control channel. Headcut advance rates were greatly reduced in PAM-treated channels (0.06 to 0.6 m h(-1)) compared to the untreated channel (17.8 m h(-1)) in our limited data. These results show that PAM was an effective means of controlling erosion in experimental earth channels. C1 USACE ED DN, Rock Isl, IL 61204 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN USA. USDA ARS, Watershed Sci Inst, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Peterson, JR (reprint author), USACE ED DN, POB 2004, Rock Isl, IL 61204 USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASAE JI Trans. ASAE PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 46 IS 4 BP 1023 EP 1031 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 723TT UT WOS:000185448200010 ER PT J AU Hess, JR Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Rugg, N Joines, AD Gormas, JE Pratt, RG Silverstein, EB Greenwalt, TJ AF Hess, JR Hill, HR Oliver, CK Lippert, LE Rugg, N Joines, AD Gormas, JE Pratt, RG Silverstein, EB Greenwalt, TJ TI Twelve-week RBC storage SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; ADDITIVE SOLUTION; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; RED-CELLS; ERYTHROCYTES; RECOVERY; MANNITOL; GLUCOSE; ADENINE; PLASMA AB BACKGROUND: Better storage can improve RBC availability and safety. Optimizing RBC ATIP production and minimizing hemolysis has allowed progressively longer storage. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In the first study, 24 units of packed CPD RBCs were pooled in groups of four, realiquoted, and added to 300 mL of one of four variants of experimental additive solution 76 (EAS-76) containing 45, 40, 35, or 30 mEq per L NaCl. Units were sampled weekly for 12 weeks for morphologic and biochemical measures. In the second study, 10 volunteers donated 2 units of RBCs for a crossover comparison of Tc/Cr 24-hour in vivo recovery of 6-week storage in AS-1 versus 12-week storage in EAS-76 variant 6 (EAS-76v6) having 30 mEq per L NaCl. RESULTS: RBCs stored in the lower salt variants of EAS-76 had higher concentrations of RBC ATP with less hemolysis and microvesiculation. RBC 2,3 DPG was preserved for two weeks. RBCs stored for 12 weeks in EAS-76v6 exhibited 78 4 percent 24-hour in vivo recovery. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to store RBCs for 12 weeks with acceptable recovery and 0.6 percent hemolysis and with normal 2,3 DPG concentrations for 2 weeks. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Blood Res Detachment, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Hoxworth Blood Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Nucl Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Hess, JR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Blood Bank, N2W50A,22 S Green St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 20 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2003 VL 43 IS 7 BP 867 EP 872 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00442.x PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 693KU UT WOS:000183717400008 PM 12823745 ER PT J AU Morales, W Fusaro, R Kascak, A AF Morales, W Fusaro, R Kascak, A TI Permanent magnetic bearing for spacecraft applications SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers CY APR 28-MAY 01, 2003 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Soc Tribologists & Lubricat Engineers DE magnetic bearings; jewel bearings; space vehicles ID JEWEL BEARING AB A passive permanent magnetic bearing rig prototype was designed and constructed. The suspension of the rotor was provided by two sets of radial permanent magnetic bearings operating in the repulsive mode. The axial support was provided by jewel bearings on both ends of the rotor. Preliminary testing led to successful operation of the bearing prototype to speeds of 5500 rpm using an air impeller. Radial and axial stiffnesses of the permanent magnetic bearings were experimentally measured and then compared to finite element results. The natural damping of the rotor was measured and a damping coefficient was calculated. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Res Lab, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Morales, W (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 46 IS 3 BP 460 EP 464 DI 10.1080/10402000308982651 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 704XW UT WOS:000184367800024 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Variables in predicting survival based on treating "PSA-Only" relapse SO UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS LA English DT Review DE prostate cancer; PSA recurrence; hormonal therapy; salvage therapy; survival ID PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; ADJUVANT RADIATION-THERAPY; IN-111 CAPROMAB PENDETIDE; MAXIMUM ANDROGEN-BLOCKADE; RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; FINASTERIDE PLUS FLUTAMIDE; ULTRASOUND-GUIDED BIOPSY; FOLLOW-UP; BIOCHEMICAL FAILURE AB Prostate cancer recurrence (after prior local treatment) that is detectable only by a rise in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level is a very common problem facing clinicians. Given that the majority of contemporary era men with PSA-only or biochemical recurrence are relatively young and otherwise healthy, treatment requires approaches that both improve clinical outcomes and preserve quality of life. Treatment is in one of two broad categories, additional local therapies, termed "salvage" local therapy and systemic therapies. For radical prostatectomy patients, salvage external beam radiotherapy to the prostate bed is commonly employed, being reserved for early biochemical recurrence in men with low risk at distant metastases. For primary radiation patients, salvage radical prostatectomy or cryotherapy can similarly be used for those men felt not to harbor distant metastases. Systemic therapy generally involves hormonal therapy. Traditional hormonal therapy (orchiectomy, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists, or maximum androgen blockade) is the current mainstay of systemic treatment for biochemical recurrence, although nontraditional approaches, such as antiandrogen monotherapy, are increasingly being used. Variables in predicting survival based on treating PSA relapse is problematic. The condition of biochemical failure has only been recognized in the last decade and few "PSA-era" patients with biochemical recurrence have actually died of disease. Hence, the validation of prediction variables in this setting is just emerging. Early work would suggest that timing of recurrence, Gleason grade, and PSA velocity or doubling time during relapse are important prognostic factors. New data on PSA doubling time will be presented. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 111 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1078-1439 J9 UROL ONCOL-SEMIN O I JI Urol. Oncol.-Semin. Orig. Investig. PD JUL-AUG PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 292 EP 304 DI 10.1016/S1078-1439(03)00103-0 PG 13 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 718VA UT WOS:000185166100008 PM 12954500 ER PT J AU Vincent-Johnson, NA AF Vincent-Johnson, NA TI American canine hepatozoonosis SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID DOGS; INFECTION; APICOMPLEXA; TRANSMISSION; ADELEORINA; OKLAHOMA; DIAGNOSIS; IXODIDAE; COYOTES; LESIONS AB American canine hepatozoonosis is an emerging tickborne disease in the southern United States. The etiologic agent is an apicomplexan protozoan, Hepatozoon americanum, which is transmitted to dogs when they ingest an infected tick vector of the species Amblyomma maculatum (Gulf Coast tick). Infection results in myositis manifested as pain, lameness, weakness, or muscle atrophy. Other clinical abnormalities include fever, mucopurulent ocular discharge, and periosteal proliferation. The most outstanding laboratory abnormality is leukocytosis, which is frequently extreme (up to 200,000 leukocytes/mm3). Recent advances in treatment have improved the prognosis for dogs infected with this organism. C1 USA, Vet Corps, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Vincent-Johnson, NA (reprint author), USA, Vet Corps, 10015 Theote Rd,Bldg 610, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0195-5616 J9 VET CLIN N AM-SMALL JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Small Anim. Pract. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 33 IS 4 BP 905 EP + DI 10.1016/S0195-5616(03)00028-7 PG 17 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 703BJ UT WOS:000184259900014 PM 12910749 ER PT J AU Vogel, P Fritz, D AF Vogel, P Fritz, D TI Cardiomyopathy associated with angiomatous pheochromocytoma in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adrenal gland; cardiomyopathy; immunohistochemistry; pheochromocytoma; rhesus monkeys ID FEATURES AB A 24-year-old female rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) presented with a clinical history of chronic heart disease and prolonged recovery from sedation and anesthesia. At necropsy, the heart was markedly enlarged, with thinned ventricular walls, dilated chambers, and severe left atrioventricular valvular insufficiency. The ventricular walls contained numerous narrow, pale, often coalescing streaks that often extended along vessels into the deeper myocardium. Histologically, bands of interstitial fibrosis in the heart were associated with areas of myofiber atrophy, myofibril degeneration and loss, and inflammation. The left adrenal gland contained a 2 x 1 x 0.5 cm tumor with an unusual angiomatous pattern consisting largely of blood-filled sinusoids lined by one to four layers of low cuboidal to polyhedral tumor cells. In most sinusoids, the tumor cells appeared to be in direct contact with blood, although endothelial cells lined some sinusoids. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells contained abundant electron-dense cytoplasmic granules. These granules were argyrophilic by Sevier-Munger staining and intensely immunoreactive for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase, and S-100. These findings helped confirm the diagnosis of angiomatous pheochromocytoma. The heart lesions match those reported for catecholamine cardiomyopathy in other species. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Fritz, D (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2003 VL 40 IS 4 BP 468 EP 473 DI 10.1354/vp.40-4-468 PG 6 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 697AV UT WOS:000183920800016 PM 12824520 ER PT J AU Videen, G AF Videen, G TI Seismic scattering from a spherical inclusion eccentrically located within a homogeneous, spherical host: theoretical derivation SO WAVES IN RANDOM MEDIA LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; LIGHT-SCATTERING; ELASTIC MEDIUM; NORMAL-MODES; INNER CORE; WAVE; EARTH; OSCILLATIONS; PROPAGATION; RADIATION AB The scattered fields from a spherical body eccentrically located within an otherwise homogeneous host sphere are derived by satisfying the boundary conditions at both interfaces simultaneously. The source, which may be composed of any linear combination of S and P waves, is also located arbitrarily within the host sphere. The scattering system may have applications in seismic scattering, by cavities or dense bodies located near the Earth surface or to the Slichter mode. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Videen, G (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0959-7174 J9 WAVE RANDOM MEDIA JI Waves Random Media PD JUL PY 2003 VL 13 IS 3 BP 177 EP 190 AR PII S0959-7174(03)52181-4 DI 10.1088/0959-7174/13/3/303 PG 14 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 709XA UT WOS:000184650800005 ER PT J AU Corron, NJ Pethel, SD AF Corron, NJ Pethel, SD TI Experimental targeting of chaos via controlled symbolic dynamics SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE chaos; chaos control; targeting; symbolic dynamics; dynamic limiting ID SYSTEMS; TRAJECTORIES; ORBITS AB In this Letter, we report experimental targeting in a chaotic system by controlling symbolic dynamics. We acquire and control an electronic circuit using small perturbations to elicit a desired objective state starting from an arbitrary, uncontrolled state. The control perturbations are calculated using a symbolic targeting sequence and applied using dynamic limiting control. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All -rights reserved. C1 USA, AMCOM, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Corron, NJ (reprint author), USA, AMCOM, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. OI Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 313 IS 3 BP 192 EP 197 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00754-0 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 695TT UT WOS:000183847000005 ER PT J AU Leffel, EK Wolf, C Poklis, A White, KL AF Leffel, EK Wolf, C Poklis, A White, KL TI Drinking water exposure to cadmium, an environmental contaminant, results in the exacerbation of autoimmune disease in the murine model SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cadmium exposure; autoimmunity; antinuclear antibodies; NZBW mouse; drinking water; environmental cadmium ID ANTI-NUCLEAR ANTIBODIES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNITY; MICE; RATS; INDUCTION; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; CHLORIDE AB Cadmium is a pervasive environmental contaminant. The primary route of exposure to the general population occurs via contaminated drinking water or food supplies. Our hypothesis was that cadmium could be a trigger for inducing autoimmune disease (AD) in genetically predisposed populations. Therefore, New Zealand Black/White F1 (NZBW) mice were exposed to cadmium via drinking water. Mice were exposed to: 0, 3, 30, 3000 or 10 000 parts per billion (ppb) of cadmium in tap water for 2, 4, 28, or 31 weeks. After 4 weeks of exposure, in the group of mice exposed to 10 000 ppb cadmium, there was an increased incidence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA). There was also deposition of immune complexes in all groups after 4 weeks of exposure. After 31 weeks, there were increases in IgG2a in mice exposed to low doses of cadmium. In an attempt to establish the progression from an autoimmune reaction to the development of AD, the biological marker for AD, proteinuria, was assessed. Onset of proteinuria was exacerbated by I I weeks in mice exposed to cadmium. This data suggests that short-term exposure may result in a type of autoimmune reaction since the mice are beginning to produce ANA after only 4 weeks of exposure and there is immune-complex deposition in the kidney. Long-term exposure to cadmium appears to result in the exacerbation of AD as indicated by the development of proteinuria and continued presence of immune complexes in the kidney. The mechanism may involve the increased production of IgG2a, which is capable of forming immune complexes and causing autoimmune glomerulonephritis. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Pathol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Leffel, EK (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR, UIT, Bldg 1425, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [N01-ES-05454] NR 51 TC 32 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUN 30 PY 2003 VL 188 IS 2-3 BP 233 EP 250 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00092-1 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 686YC UT WOS:000183347700011 PM 12767694 ER PT J AU Fuller, ME Kruczek, J Schuster, RL Sheehan, PL Arienti, PM AF Fuller, ME Kruczek, J Schuster, RL Sheehan, PL Arienti, PM TI Bioslurry treatment for soils contaminated with very high concentrations of 2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine (tetryl) SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE tetryl; bioremediation; biodegradation; 2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine; explosives ID 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; VIBRIO-FISCHERI; TOXICITY; EXPLOSIVES; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; BIOREMEDIATION; METABOLITES; DEGRADATION; OCTAHYDRO-1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAZOCINE; TRANSFORMATION AB Past and current DoD activities have resulted in the contamination of soil, sediment and ground-water with various explosive compounds. This research was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of a soil bioslurry process for remediation of soil with very high concentrations of 2,4,6-trinitrophenylmethylnitramine (tetryl). A 99.9% reduction in tetryl concentrations (from 100,000 to below 100 mg/kg) was achieved in 180 to 200 days. A variety of process modifications (i.e. addition of fertilizer, microbial biomass, purging with nitrogen, etc.) that were performed during the course of the experiment did not increase the tetryl biodegradation rate beyond the rates of degradation without modifications. Subsequent batches of soil added as a 25% (v/v) replacement of the slurry were also degraded. These results indicate the potential for this process to remediate highly contaminated soils at many former and current ammunition manufacturing sites. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Envirogen Inc, Princeton Res Ctr, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. USA, TACOM, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Fuller, ME (reprint author), Envirogen Inc, Princeton Res Ctr, 4100 Quakerbridge Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 100 IS 1-3 BP 245 EP 257 DI 10.1016/S0304-3894(03)00115-8 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 699NL UT WOS:000184062800019 PM 12835026 ER PT J AU Pethel, SD Corron, NJ Underwood, QR Myneni, K AF Pethel, SD Corron, NJ Underwood, QR Myneni, K TI Information flow in chaos synchronization: Fundamental tradeoffs in precision, delay, and anticipation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYMBOLIC DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; ORBITS AB We use symbolic dynamics to examine the flow of information in unidirectionally coupled chaotic oscillators exhibiting synchronization. The theory of symbolic dynamics reduces chaos to a shift map that acts on a discrete set of symbols, each of which contains information about the system state. Using this transformation we explore so-called achronal synchronization, in which the response lags or leads the drive by a fixed amount of time. We find fundamental tradeoffs between the precision to which the drive state is detected, the quality of synchronization attained, and the delay or anticipation exhibited by the response system. To illustrate these tradeoffs, we provide a physical example using electronic circuits. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Pethel, SD (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Command, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. OI Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 17 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 25 AR 254101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.254101 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 694XW UT WOS:000183801300018 PM 12857134 ER PT J AU Sullenberger, LE Rohrer, MJ AF Sullenberger, LE Rohrer, MJ TI Shot to the heart SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sullenberger, LE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 348 IS 26 BP 2634 EP 2634 DI 10.1056/NEJMicm020844 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 693PN UT WOS:000183726400007 PM 12826638 ER PT J AU Woolery, EW Schaefer, JA Wang, ZM AF Woolery, EW Schaefer, JA Wang, ZM TI Elevated lateral stress in unlithified sediment, Midcontinent, United States - geotechnical and geophysical indicators for a tectonic origin SO TECTONOPHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Geological-Society-of-America CY NOV 01-10, 2001 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Geol Soc Amer DE stress; neotectonics; seismic reflection; New Madrid seismic zone ID MADRID SEISMIC ZONE; SOUTHERNMOST ILLINOIS; DEFORMATION; EXAMPLE; NORTH AB Indirect and direct geotechnical measurements revealed the presence of high lateral earth pressure (KO) in shallow, unlithified sediment at a site in the northernmost Mississippi embayment region of the central United States. Results from pile-load and pressuremeter tests showed maximum K. values greater than 10; however, the complex geologic environment of the Midcontinent made defining an origin for the anomalous KO based solely on these measurements equivocal. Although in situ sediment characteristics indicated that indirect tectonic or nontectonic geologic mechanisms that include transient overburden loads (e.g., fluvial deposition/erosion, glacial advance/retreat) and dynamic shear loads (e.g., earthquakes) were not the dominant cause, they were unable to provide indicators for a direct tectonic generation. Localized stresses induced anthropogenically by the geotechnical field tests were also considered, but ruled out as the primary origin. A high-resolution shear-wave (SH) reflection image of geologic structure in the immediate vicinity of the test site revealed compression-style neotectonism, and suggested that the elevated stress was a tectonic manifestation. Post-Paleozoic reflectors exhibit a Tertiary (?) structural inversion, as evidenced by post-Cretaceous fault displacement and pronounced positive folds in the hanging wall of the interpreted faults. The latest stratigraphic extent of the stress effects (i.e., all measurements were in the Late Cretaceous to Tertiary McNairy Formation), as well as the relationship of stress orientation with the orientation of local structure and regional stress, remain unknown. These are the subjects of ongoing studies. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Geol Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Kentucky Geol Survey, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Louisville, KY 40201 USA. RP Woolery, EW (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Geol Sci, 101 Slona Res Bldg, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-1951 J9 TECTONOPHYSICS JI Tectonophysics PD JUN 26 PY 2003 VL 368 IS 1-4 BP 139 EP 153 DI 10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00155-0 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 704XT UT WOS:000184367500010 ER PT J AU Grabenstein, JD Winkenwerder, W AF Grabenstein, JD Winkenwerder, W TI US military smallpox vaccination program experience SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Context The United States recently implemented smallpox vaccination of selected military personnel in a national program of preparedness against use of smallpox as a biological. weapon. The resumption of smallpox vaccinations raises important questions regarding implementation and safety. Objective To describe the US military smallpox vaccination program. Design Descriptive study of the vaccination program from its inception on December 13, 2002, through May 28, 2003. Setting US Department of Defense (DoD) fixed and field medical treatment facilities on multiple continents and ships at sea. Subjects US service members and DoD civilian workers eligible for smallpox vaccination. Main Outcome Measures Numbers of vaccinations and rates of vaccination exemptions, symptoms, and adverse events. Data were collected via reports to headquarters and rigorous surveillance for sentinel events. Results In 5.5 months, the DoD administered 450293 smallpox vaccinations (70.5% primary vaccinees and 29.5% revaccinees). In 2 settings, 0.5% and 3.0% of vaccine recipients needed short-term sick leave. Most adverse events occurred at rates below historical rates. One case of encephalitis and 37 cases of acute myopericarditis developed after vaccination; all cases recovered. Among 19461 worker-months of clinical contact, there were no cases of transmission of vaccinia from worker to patient, no cases of eczema vaccinatum or progressive vaccinia, and no attributed deaths. Conclusions Mass smallpox vaccinations can be conducted safely with very low rates of serious adverse events. Program implementation emphasized human factors: careful staff training, contraindication screening, recipient education, and attention to bandaging. Our experience suggests that broad smallpox vaccination programs may be implemented with fewer serious adverse events than previously believed. C1 USA, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Med Command, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. Pentagon, Washington, DC USA. RP Grabenstein, JD (reprint author), USA, Mil Vaccine Agcy, Med Command, 5111 Leesburg Pike,Suite 401, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. NR 32 TC 137 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 25 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 24 BP 3278 EP 3282 DI 10.1001/jama.289.24.3278 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 693EX UT WOS:000183704600021 PM 12824209 ER PT J AU Seo, JT Yang, Q Creekmore, S Tabibi, B Temple, D Kim, SY Yoo, K Mott, A Namkung, M Jung, SS AF Seo, JT Yang, Q Creekmore, S Tabibi, B Temple, D Kim, SY Yoo, K Mott, A Namkung, M Jung, SS TI Large pure refractive nonlinearity of nanostructure silica aerogel SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID Z-SCAN; NANOPARTICLES AB The nonlinear refraction coefficient of silica aerogel was estimated to be similar to-1.5 x 10(-15) m(2)/W (similar to -3.67 x 10(-9) esu) with a signal-beam z-scan spectroscopy. The third-order nonlinear refraction coefficient of nanostructure silica aerogel was almost five orders larger than the nonlinear refraction (chi(3)) of bulk material. The large nonlinear refraction with high nonlinear figure of merit is an ideal optical property for nonlinear optical applications. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Sogang Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Seoul 121742, South Korea. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Nondestruct Evaluat Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Seo, JT (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RI Namkung, Min/E-1533-2012 NR 12 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 23 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 25 BP 4444 EP 4446 DI 10.1063/1.1585127 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 690PK UT WOS:000183557300012 ER PT J AU Hua, DH Huang, XD Tamura, M Chen, Y Woltkamp, M Jin, LW Perchellet, EM Perchellet, JP Chiang, PK Namatame, I Tomoda, H AF Hua, DH Huang, XD Tamura, M Chen, Y Woltkamp, M Jin, LW Perchellet, EM Perchellet, JP Chiang, PK Namatame, I Tomoda, H TI Syntheses and bioactivities of tricyclic pyrones SO TETRAHEDRON LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; amyloid-beta peptides; ACAT inhibitors; CETP inhibitors; tricyclic pyrones; APP C99-induced cell death ID ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; ACYL-COA; BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; NEPLANOCIN-A; INHIBITORS; ANALOGS AB In search of compounds that ameliorate the toxicity of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides, new derivatives of tricyclic pyrones (1-7) were synthesized and their biological activities evaluated. The carboxylic ester and amide derivatives 1-4 were synthesized from a selective carboxylation of C3 methyl of (5aS,7S)-{7-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-1H,7H-5a,6,8,9-tetrahydro-1-oxopyrano[4,3-b][1]benzopyran (8) with LDA followed by benzyl chloroformate or carbon dioxide to provide ester 1 and carboxylic acid 9, respectively. Three isomeric tricyclic pyrone, 5-7, containing adenine moiety at C7 side chain were synthesized from the alkylation of mesylate 13 with adenine, and displacement of chloropurine 15 with amine 14. Although C3-benzyloxycarbonylmethyl analogs 1-3 have marginal ACAT and CETP activities, their modified aspartate analog 4 and C3-methyl-C7-(N3-adeninyl)-2-propyI analog 6 show a significant effect in protecting against neuron-cell death from the toxicity of intracellular accumulation of Abeta or Abeta-containing C-terminal fragments (CTF) of amyloid beta precursor protein (APP). N9-Adenine analog 5 is 20-fold less effective than N3-adenine derivative 6 in the protection of neuron-cell death induced by Abeta, while N10-adenine analog 7 was inactive. As a result of this study, compounds 4 and 6 will well serve as lead compounds for further studies of the mechanism of action of Abeta-and CTF-induced neuron-cell death, studies which should enhance the future development of new drugs for the prevention and treatment of AD. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Anti Canc Drug Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Biochem, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Kitasato Univ, Inst Life Sci, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1088641, Japan. RP Hua, DH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem, Willard Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM duy@ksu.edu NR 24 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4020 J9 TETRAHEDRON JI Tetrahedron PD JUN 23 PY 2003 VL 59 IS 26 BP 4795 EP 4803 DI 10.1016/S0040-4020(03)00687-2 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 694NP UT WOS:000183780900012 ER PT J AU McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW AF McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW TI Fourier-transform laser spectroscopy (vol 42, pg 2127, 2003) SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Correction ID DIODE-LASER; GAS AB The paper by McNesby and Miziolek [Appl. Opt. 42, 2127 (2003)] contained some misaligned text. Sections 1 and 2 of that paper are reproduced as they should have originally appeared. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP McNesby, KL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcnesby@arl.army.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 3522 EP 3523 DI 10.1364/AO.42.003522 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA 692LC UT WOS:000183661700011 ER PT J AU Videen, G Muinonen, K Lumme, K AF Videen, G Muinonen, K Lumme, K TI Coherence, power laws, and the negative polarization surge SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING MATRICES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; BACKSCATTERING; PARTICLES; INTERFACE AB We develop a second-order ray-tracing model that includes the constructive interference of reciprocal rays and Fresnel reflections from an inverse gamma-type distribution function of path length to predict the negative polarization branch seen in some astronomical bodies. We expect that such a path-length distribution might resemble the path lengths undertaken by rays incident upon some Astronomical bodies. The resulting negative polarization is largely wavelength independent and depends primarily on the power law in the path-length distribution, which coincides with some observations. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Helsinki, Observ, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Boulder, CO USA. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gvideen@arl.army.mil NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 18 BP 3647 EP 3652 DI 10.1364/AO.42.003647 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 692LC UT WOS:000183661700028 PM 12833970 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, N West, BJ TI Solar flare intermittency and the Earth's temperature anomalies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; AIR-TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE; TURBULENCE; SUN AB We argue that Earth's short-term temperature anomalies and the solar flare intermittency are linked. The analysis is based upon the study of the scaling of both the spreading and the entropy of the diffusion generated by the fluctuations of the temperature time series. The joint use of these two methods evidences the presence of a Levy component in the temporal persistence of the temperature data sets that corresponds to the one that would be induced by the solar flare intermittency. The mean monthly temperature data sets cover the period from 1856 to 2002. C1 Duke Univ, Pratt Sch EE Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Pratt Sch EE Dept, POB 90291, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017 NR 22 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 90 IS 24 AR 248701 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.248701 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 692CM UT WOS:000183642800054 PM 12857233 ER PT J AU Boles, JW Pitt, MLM LeClaire, RD Gibbs, PH Ulrich, RG Bavari, S AF Boles, JW Pitt, MLM LeClaire, RD Gibbs, PH Ulrich, RG Bavari, S TI Correlation of body temperature with protection against staphylococcal enterotoxin B exposure and use in determining vaccine dose-schedule SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE bacterial superantigens; vaccine; telemetry; biomarkers; aerosol ID BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS; BACTERIAL SUPERANTIGENS; CLINICAL RECOGNITION; MANAGEMENT; SERUM AB The immunoprotective potential of a recombinant vaccine against the incapacitating effect of aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in nonhuman primates is reported. SEB belongs to a family of structurally related superantigens responsible for serious, life threatening pathologies. Injecting the recombinant SEB vaccine did not induce temperature elevation in rhesus monkeys, a classical symptom of toxic-shock syndrome. No temperature elevation was noted following injection with control tetanus toxoid. In addition to 100% survival, we observed a clear correlation between vaccine dose and mitigation of temperature elevation after a lethal SEB aerosol challenge. We conclude that the recombinant SEB vaccine is non-pyrogenic and that monitoring changes in body temperature is an important biomarker of toxic shock in a primate animal model. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 21-22 BP 2791 EP 2796 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00222-6 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 693GT UT WOS:000183709300016 PM 12798619 ER PT J AU Hirunpetcharat, C Wipasa, J Sakkhachornphop, S Nitkumhan, T Zheng, YZ Pichyangkul, S Krieg, AM Walsh, DS Heppner, DG Good, MF AF Hirunpetcharat, C Wipasa, J Sakkhachornphop, S Nitkumhan, T Zheng, YZ Pichyangkul, S Krieg, AM Walsh, DS Heppner, DG Good, MF TI CpG oligodeoxynucleotide enhances immunity against blood-stage malaria infection in mice parenterally immunized with a yeast-expressed 19 kDa carboxyl-terminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(19)) formulated in oil-based Montanides SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE malaria vaccines; merozoite surface protein; adjuvant ID AOTUS MONKEYS; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; POTENT ENHANCER; MURINE MALARIA; DNA; VACCINE; IMMUNOGENICITY; ADJUVANT; ANTIBODY; ANTIGEN AB The 19 kDa carboxyl-terminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(19)), an analog of the leading falciparum malaria vaccine candidate, induces protective immunity to challenge infection when formulated with complete/incomplete Freund's adjuvant (CFA/IFA), an adjuvant unsuitable for use in humans. In this study, we investigate Montanide ISA51 and Montanide ISA720 as well as CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) as adjuvants for induction of immunity to MSP1(19). Mice immunized with MSP1(19) adjuvanted with Montanide ISA51 were protected even though some mice experienced low-grade parasitemia before resolving the infection. Mice immunized with MSPI 19 adjuvanted with Montanide ISA720 showed delayed patent parasitemia with all mice ultimately succumbing to infection. Interestingly, when the synthetic CpG ODN 1826 was included in either Montanide formulation, mice were completely protected with no parasites detected in the blood. MSP1(19)-specific antibodies in MSP1(19)-immunized mice adjuvanted with Montanide ISA51 or Montanide ISA720 showed predominantly IgG1 antibody and low levels of IgG2a. CpG ODN 1826 significantly enhanced both IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses in Montanide ISA51-adjuvanted mice but significantly enhanced only the IgG2a antibody response in Montanide ISA720-adjuvanted mice. To investigate the relative roles of antibody and CD4(+) T cells in protection, MSP1(19)-immunized mice adjuvanted with Montanide ISA720 and CpG ODN 1826 were depleted of CD4(+) T cells just prior to challenge. Results showed that three of nine immunized/T cell depleted mice died following infection. These results suggest that antibody and CD4(+) T cells are critical for protection following immunization with MSP1(19) adjuvanted with Montanide and CpG ODN and that the formulation of a human malaria vaccine candidate in Montanide ISA720 or ISA51 together with human compatible CpG ODN would be useful for improving efficacy. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Div Infect & Trop Dis, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Queensland Inst Med Res, Brisbane, Qld 4029, Australia. Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Associated Med Sci, Dept Clin Immunol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. USA, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Interdisciplinary Immunol Program, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Div Commun Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hirunpetcharat, C (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol, 420-1 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 36 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 21-22 BP 2923 EP 2932 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00132-4 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 693GT UT WOS:000183709300033 PM 12798636 ER PT J AU Morrill, JC Peters, CJ AF Morrill, JC Peters, CJ TI Pathogenicity and neurovirulence of a mutagen-attenuated Rift Valley fever vaccine in rhesus monkeys SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Rift Valley fever; neurovirulence; vaccine ID VIRUS-VACCINE; IMMUNOGENICITY; SAFETY AB Rhesus macaques, intravenously inoculated with virulent Rift Valley fever virus, develop viremia and biochemical evidence of liver damage and serve as a model for human disease. Some of these monkeys suffer more serious disease with hemorrhagic phenomena and approximately 20% die with frank hemorrhage. Presently, the only Rift Valley fever vaccine approved for use in humans is a formalin-killed product that requires annual booster vaccinations. Efforts to produce an improved vaccine to replace the present vaccine have led to a mutagen-attenuated strain of Rift Valley fever virus that was found to be markedly attenuated for rhesus macaques and showed promise as a vaccine candidate for human use. Neurovirulence testing in rhesus monkeys showed that, while the vaccine was not completely innocuous, residual lesions were no more severe than the currently used 17D yellow fever vaccine. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Appl Res Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Ctr Trop Dis, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Morrill, JC (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Appl Res Div, 205 FM 107, Gatesville, TX 76528 USA. NR 23 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 21-22 BP 2994 EP 3002 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(03)000131-2 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 693GT UT WOS:000183709300040 PM 12798643 ER PT J AU Jendrek, S Little, SF Hem, S Mitra, G Giardina, S AF Jendrek, S Little, SF Hem, S Mitra, G Giardina, S TI Evaluation of the compatibility of a second generation recombinant anthrax vaccine with aluminum-containing adjuvants SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE anthrax; vaccine; aluminum-containing adjuvant ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; MODEL ANTIGENS; GUINEA-PIGS; PROTEINS; ADSORPTION; EFFICACY AB Recombinant protective antigen (rPA) is the active pharmaceutical ingredient in a second generation anthrax vaccine undergoing pre-clinical evaluation. This rPA vaccine differs from the currently licensed vaccine, anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA), in that the sole component is a recombinant form of protective antigen (PA). Unlike AVA the rPA vaccine contains no lethal factor (LF) or edema factor (EF), components of the two bipartite toxins, nor many other Bacillus anthracis-related contaminating proteins that are present in AVA. The proposed clinical protocol involves adsorption of the rPA to an aluminum-based adjuvant. The adsorptive characteristics of rPA and two aluminum-containing adjuvants were examined in a physiological buffer with and without EDTA. Based on the pI of rPA (pI = 5.6) and the zero charge point of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant (11.5) and aluminum phosphate adjuvant (4.5), it was predicted and demonstrated that rPA bound in a more efficient manner to aluminum hydroxide adjuvant than to aluminum phosphate adjuvant in the physiological buffer. Binding of the rPA to the aluminum hydroxide adjuvant was decreased by increasing amounts of phosphate in the buffer. The adsorptive capacity for rPA onto aluminum hydroxide adjuvant in the physiological buffer and in water were calculated to be 0.46 mg rPA/mg aluminum in DPBS and 0.73 mg rPA/mg aluminum in water. This study also demonstrated that upon desorption from the aluminum hydroxide adjuvant the rPA was physically intact and free of detectable aggregates. Further, the eluted material was biologically active in an in vitro cytotoxicity assay. Desorption was only possible after an overnight incubation of 2-8 degreesC and not after a room temperature incubation reflecting increased contact with the aluminum hydroxide adjuvant over time. These data suggest that the interaction between rPA and aluminum hydroxide adjuvant is predominantly electrostatic in character. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 NCI, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick Canc Res & Dev Ctr, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Dic, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Ind & Phys Pharm, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Jendrek, S (reprint author), NCI, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick Canc Res & Dev Ctr, Bldg 320, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. FU PHS HHS [N01-C0-12400] NR 24 TC 34 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 20 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 21-22 BP 3011 EP 3018 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00109-9 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 693GT UT WOS:000183709300042 PM 12798645 ER PT J AU Zhu, WZ Deevi, SC AF Zhu, WZ Deevi, SC TI Dispersion of iron aluminide with polyelectrolyte in water SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE intermetallic compounds; sol-gel chemistry; electrochemical properties ID POLY(METHACRYLIC ACID); SUSPENSIONS; SHEETS; STABILIZATION; BATIO3 AB A stable dispersion of iron aluminide (FeAl) intermetallic powders was achieved in water using ammonium salt of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA-NH4). The electrosteric stabilization was identified to be the prevailing mechanism. pH value correlates inversely with the amount of PMAA-NH4 adsorbed onto the surface of FeAl particle. The aqueous FeAl solution stabilized by PMAA-NH4 displays a Newtonian behavior as revealed by rheological measurements. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Chrysalis Technol Inc, Ctr Res & Dev, Richmond, VA 23237 USA. RP Zhu, WZ (reprint author), Philip Morris USA Inc, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 4201 Commerce Rd, Richmond, VA 23234 USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD JUN 19 PY 2003 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1227 EP 1233 DI 10.1016/S0025-5408(03)00115-6 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 703WQ UT WOS:000184305400013 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Ellis, MW AF Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Ellis, MW TI Alternative diagnoses that often mimic cellulitis SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter ID INFECTIONS; SKIN C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI 4W, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI 4W, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 2 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 67 IS 12 BP 2471 EP 2471 PG 1 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 694CU UT WOS:000183756900001 PM 12825838 ER PT J AU Joshi, RP Viswanadha, S Jogai, B Shah, P del Rosario, RD AF Joshi, RP Viswanadha, S Jogai, B Shah, P del Rosario, RD TI Analysis of dislocation scattering on electron mobility in GaN high electron mobility transistors SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; BAND-STRUCTURE; ALGAN/GAN HETEROSTRUCTURES; WURTZITE GAN; TRANSPORT; ROUGHNESS; INTERFACE AB A Monte Carlo study of two-dimensional electron gas mobility in wurtzite GaN high electron mobility transistors is presented to include scattering due to edge dislocations strains. For self-consistency, numerical solution of Schrodinger, Poisson, and charge balance equations are used for the eigenfunctions. Electron mobility predictions around 1.71x10(3) cm(2)/V s, are in close agreement with the reported data. At the highest dislocation density of 10(10) cm(-2), mobility reductions of 16.8% and 8.6% are predicted for 77 and 300 K, respectively. Electron mobility behavior as a function of the channel density at different temperatures is also discussed. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Wright State Univ, Semicond Res Ctr, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM rjoshi@odu.edu NR 55 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 10046 EP 10052 DI 10.1063/1.1577406 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900098 ER PT J AU Oskam, G Patel, PJ Long, JG Searson, PC AF Oskam, G Patel, PJ Long, JG Searson, PC TI Electrodeposition of Ni/SiC contacts SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SILICON-CARBIDE; ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION; OHMIC CONTACTS; BARRIER HEIGHT; NI CONTACTS; BORIC-ACID; NICKEL; ELECTROCRYSTALLIZATION; SEMICONDUCTOR AB We report on the fabrication and characterization of n-type 4H-SiC/Ni contacts formed by electrodeposition from nickel sulfate solutions. We show that the nickel ion states overlap the conduction band of n-type 4H-SiC so that electrodeposition occurs by electron injection from the conduction band into the nickel ion acceptor states. Nickel deposition on n-type 4H-SiC is characterized by nucleation followed by diffusion-limited growth of three-dimensional clusters. As-deposited n-type 4H-SiC/Ni contacts are rectifying with ideality factors of 1.5-2. After annealing, the contacts are Ohmic due to the formation of Ni2Si. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. CINVESTAV, Dept Fis Aplicada, IPN, Unidad Merida, Merida 97310, Yucatan, Venezuela. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Searson, PC (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Searson, Peter /A-3311-2010; CinvesNano-Merida, CinvesNano-Merida/C-5672-2013; Oskam, Gerko/D-1768-2013; OI Searson, Peter/0000-0002-5417-0828 NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 12 BP 10104 EP 10109 DI 10.1063/1.1575930 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 685XD UT WOS:000183288900107 ER PT J AU Yang, H Erford, K Kiserow, DJ McGown, LB AF Yang, H Erford, K Kiserow, DJ McGown, LB TI Effects of bile salts on percolation and size of AOT reversed micelles SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MICROEMULSIONS AB The effects of two trihydroxy bile salts, sodium taurocholate (NaTC) and 3-[(3-cholamidylpropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPS), on the size, shape and percolation temperature of reversed micelles formed by sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) in isooctane were studied. The percolation temperature of the reversed micelles decreased upon inclusion of bile salts, indicating increased water uptake. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements showed consistent enlargement of reversed micelles upon addition of the bile salts; the hydrodynamic radius increased sixfold in the presence of 10 mM CHAPS and doubled in the presence of 5 MM NaTC. Inclusion of the enzyme yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (YADH) increased the percolation temperature and distorted the spherical structure of the AOT reversed micelles. The spherical structure was restored upon addition of bile salt. These results may help to explain the increase in activity of YADH in AOT reversed micelles upon addition of bile salts. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Duke Univ, PM Gross Chem Lab, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. US Army Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP McGown, LB (reprint author), Duke Univ, PM Gross Chem Lab, Dept Chem, Box 90346, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 6 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 262 IS 2 BP 531 EP 535 DI 10.1016/S0021-9797(02)00085-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 687BE UT WOS:000183355300025 PM 16256635 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Temereanca, S Simons, DJ AF Hartings, JA Temereanca, S Simons, DJ TI State-dependent processing of sensory stimuli by thalamic reticular neurons SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE TRN; inhibition; T-type calcium current; whisker; burst; tonic; vigilance ID RECEPTIVE-FIELD PROPERTIES; RAT THALAMUS; SOMATOTOPIC ORGANIZATION; GABAERGIC NEURONS; ADULT-RAT; NUCLEUS; BURST; CAT; RESPONSES; INFORMATION AB Inhibitory neurons of the thalamic reticular (RT) nucleus fire in two activity modes, burst and tonic, depending on an animal's behavioral state. In tonic mode, depolarized RT cells fire single action potentials continuously, whereas burst firing consists of grouped discharges separated by periods of quiescence. To determine how these firing modes affect sensory-evoked RT responses, single-unit responses to controlled whisker deflections were analyzed according to the burst versus tonic mode of spontaneous activity (SA) preceding the response. After burst mode activity (i.e., either quiescence or spontaneous bursts), responses exhibited a slow similar to15 msec rise to peak firing rates followed by a similar to35 msec decay. Interspike intervals within the response exhibited accelerando-decelerando patterns similar to those of spontaneous bursts. After tonic mode activity (i.e., single spikes), responses had a nearly instantaneous similar to1.5 msec rise-to-peak followed by a similar to40 msec decay, with large spike counts (5.2 spikes per stimulus) similar to those evoked in burst mode (6.2 spikes per stimulus). Interspike intervals were longer in tonic mode and exhibited a decelerando pattern. Initial evoked spikes, however, had shorter latencies and greater synchrony, contributing to the rapid onset of tonic population response. Shifts from quiescent (presumed burst mode) to tonic SA could be induced by either previous whisker deflections or iontophoretic application of NMDA; both manipulations effected appropriate shifts from burst to tonic response spike patterns. In awake animals, burst and tonic firing in RT, as in thalamocortical relay nuclei, may reflect sensory processing strategies appropriate for different behavioral and attentional states. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Hartings, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH61372] NR 44 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 23 IS 12 BP 5264 EP 5271 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 696MY UT WOS:000183891700054 PM 12832551 ER PT J AU Garcia-Leiner, M Song, J Lesser, AJ AF Garcia-Leiner, M Song, J Lesser, AJ TI Drawing of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers in the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE drawing; ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers; supercritical carbon dioxide; mechanical properties; polymorphism ID HEXAGONAL PHASE-TRANSITION; HIGH-PRESSURE CO2; POLYMER SYSTEMS; CHAIN MOBILITY; GREEN; MELT; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); BORDERLINE; CRYSTAL AB The drawing behavior of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) is compared to that in air at different temperatures. The temperature substantially influences the drawing properties in air, whereas in scCO(2), a constant draw stress and tensile strength are observed. Differential scanning calorimetry shows an apparent development of a hexagonal phase along with a significant increase in the crystallinity of air-drawn samples with increasing temperature. The existence of this phase is not confirmed by wide-angle X-ray scattering, which instead shows that air-drawn samples crystallize in an internally constrained manner. In contrast, scCO(2) allows crystals to grow without constraints through a possible crystal-crystal transformation, increasing the processing temperature to 11,0 degreesC. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Polymer Sci & Engn Dept, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. USA, Solider Syst Command RD&E Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Garcia-Leiner, M (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Polymer Sci & Engn Dept, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 41 IS 12 BP 1375 EP 1383 DI 10.1002/polb.10474 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 684RD UT WOS:000183219600012 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Beyond glory: Medal of honor heroes in their own words. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 11 BP 88 EP 89 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 688XZ UT WOS:000183463700140 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Lee's real plan at Gettysburg. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 11 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 688XZ UT WOS:000183463700135 ER PT J AU Paris, R Sirisopana, N Benenson, M Amphaiphis, R Tuntichaivanich, C Myint, KSA Brown, AE AF Paris, R Sirisopana, N Benenson, M Amphaiphis, R Tuntichaivanich, C Myint, KSA Brown, AE TI The association between hepatitis C virus and HIV-1 in preparatory cohorts for HIV vaccine trials in Thailand SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; hepatitis C virus; epidemiology; Thailand; vaccine ID BLOOD-DONORS; NORTHERN THAILAND; RISK-FACTORS; DRUG-USERS; INFECTION; EPIDEMIC; TRANSMISSION; MEN AB Objectives: To study the association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV-1, and HCV seropositivity as an indicator of HIV-1 risk behavior for HIV vaccine preparatory cohorts in Thailand. Design: Cross-sectional study of HIV-1-infected persons identified at screening for potential HIV vaccine trial cohort studies. Methods: Sera from HIV-1-infected and uninfected volunteers was matched by age, sex, and community, and tested for HCV reactivity. Logistic regression methods were used to measure associations between HIV-1, HCV and other risk factors for HIV infection. Results: The prevalence of HCV among HIV-negative controls was 8.3% (6/72) for men and 4.2% (5/118) for women. Co-infection with HIV and occurred in 50.7% (37/ 73) of men and 3.4% (4/118) of women. Among men who reported injection drug use (IDU), 96.4% (27/28) were HCV seropositive. No women reported IDU. HCV was associated with HIV infection [odds ratio (OR), 11.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.4-29.3] and IDU (OR, 12.0; 95% Cl, 3.4-41.9) among men, but not women (OR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.2-3.0). After adjustment for potential confounding, HCV, but not IDU, remained strongly associated with HIV-1 infection among men (OR, 9.4; 95% CI, 2.7-32.6). Conclusions: The strong associations between HCV seropositivity, HIV-1 infection, and IDU history suggest that IDU was reported accurately in this study. The surprisingly high prevalence of HCV among HIV-1-infected young men may assist health policy makers in the choice of behavioral interventions for this important subgroup of the population. (C) 2003 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, US Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, Thai Components, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Sattahip Dist Hosp, Chon Buri Prov, Thailand. Prov Hlth Off, Rayong Prov, Thailand. RP Paris, R (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, US Component, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 13 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1363 EP 1367 DI 10.1097/01.aids.0000060394.18106.c9 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 699QK UT WOS:000184067300010 PM 12799557 ER PT J AU Lee, BK Atwood, JE AF Lee, BK Atwood, JE TI Calcified left ventricular aneurysm - The authors reply SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lee, BK (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC/NEJM PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 12 PY 2003 VL 348 IS 24 BP 2469 EP 2469 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 688HU UT WOS:000183428900026 ER PT J AU Globus, T Bykhovskaia, M Woolard, D Gelmont, B AF Globus, T Bykhovskaia, M Woolard, D Gelmont, B TI Sub-millimetre wave absorption spectra of artificial RNA molecules SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FAR-INFRARED ABSORPTION; NORMAL-MODE ANALYSIS; DNA DOUBLE HELIX; VIBRATIONAL-MODES; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; MICROWAVE-ABSORPTION; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; GLOBULAR PROTEIN; BREATHING MODES; B-DNA AB We demonstrate submillimetre-wave Fourier transform spectroscopy as a novel technique for biological molecule characterization. Transmission measurements are reported at frequencies 10-25 cm(-1) for single- and double-stranded RNA molecules of known base-pair sequences: homopolymers poly[A], poly[U], poly[C] and poly[G], and double-stranded homopolymers poly[A]-poly[U] and poly [C]-poly [G]. Multiple resonances are observed (i.e. in the microwave through terahertz frequency regime). We also present a computational method to predict the low-frequency absorption spectra of short artificial DNA and RNA. Theoretical conformational analysis of molecules was utilized to derive the low-frequency vibrational modes. Oscillator strengths were calculated for all the vibrational modes in order to evaluate their weight in the absorption spectrum of a molecule. Normal modes and absorption spectra of the double-stranded RNA chain poly[C]-poly[G] were calculated. The absorption spectra extracted from the experiment were directly compared with the results of computer modelling thereby, confirming the fact that observed spectral features result from electromagnetic wave interactions with the DNA and RNA macromolecules. Correlation between experimental spectrum and modelling results demonstrates the ability of normal mode analysis to reproduce RNA vibrational spectra. C1 UVA, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Res Lab, ARO, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Globus, T (reprint author), UVA, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. NR 61 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD JUN 7 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 11 BP 1314 EP 1322 AR PII S0022-3727(03)54121-3 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/36/11/312 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 699NJ UT WOS:000184062600012 ER PT J AU Friddell, JE Thunell, RC Guilderson, TP Kashgarian, M AF Friddell, JE Thunell, RC Guilderson, TP Kashgarian, M TI Increased northeast Pacific climatic variability during the warm middle Holocene SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SANTA-BARBARA BASIN; EL-NINO; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; RECORD; CALIFORNIA; FREQUENCY; EVENT AB [1] We use a pair of decadally resolved planktonic foraminiferal delta(18)O records from Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) to show that the warmest interval of the current interglacial, the middle Holocene, was characterized by increased decadal- to centennial-scale climatic variability. Modern relationships between the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and upper water conditions in SBB also suggest a preference of the northeast (NE) Pacific climate during the warm mid-Holocene toward the warm phase of the PDO and more intense ENSO warm events ("El Ninos''). In the context of future climate, this study suggests increasing decadal- to centennial-scale climatic variability in a globally warmed world. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, IMS, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Friddell, JE (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Erdc, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Kashgarian, Michaele/E-1665-2011 OI Kashgarian, Michaele/0000-0001-7824-8418 NR 27 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 5 PY 2003 VL 30 IS 11 AR 1560 DI 10.1029/2002GL016834 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 690MY UT WOS:000183554000003 ER PT J AU Minihan, TP Lei, S Sun, G Palazzolo, A Kascak, AF Calvert, T AF Minihan, TP Lei, S Sun, G Palazzolo, A Kascak, AF Calvert, T TI Large motion tracking control for thrust magnetic bearings with fuzzy logic, sliding mode, and direct linearization SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID FEEDBACK; SYSTEMS AB Conventional use of magnetic bearings relies on a zero reference to keep the rotor centered in the radial and axial axes. This paper compares different control methods developed for the alternate control task of tracking an axial dynamic target. Controllers based on fuzzy logic, sliding mode, and direct linearization were designed to meet this task. Performance criteria, such as maximum axial displacement, minimum phase lag and I-2 R power losses were compared for each controller. The large motion, tracking problem for a rotor has utility in applications where dynamic seal clearances are required. This has a variety of potential applications in turbo-machinery, such as active stall control. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NASA Glenn, USA, Cleveland, OH USA. USN, Ctr Surface Warfare, Carderock Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Minihan, TP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, MS 3123, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD JUN 5 PY 2003 VL 263 IS 3 BP 549 EP 567 AR PII S0022-460X(02)01066-0 DI 10.1016/S0022-460X(02)01066-0 PG 19 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 684QV UT WOS:000183218800005 ER PT J AU Butrow, AB Seyler, RJ AF Butrow, AB Seyler, RJ TI Vapor pressure by DSC: extending ASTM E 1782 below 5 kPa SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); differential thermal analysis (DTA); vapor pressure; pinhole lids; boiling endotherm AB In 1996, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Method E 1782-96, Standard Test Method for Determining Vapor Pressure by Thermal Analysis received final approval and was published as a standard method. For vapor pressure measurements by DSC, the method requires use of hermetic-type sealable pans with a single pinhole less than or equal to 125 mum (50-75 mum recommended) in the center of the lid. Pinholes of this size produce generally acceptable results over the 5 kPa to 2 MPa operational pressure range of the method. However, as the minimum recommended pressure is approached, boiling endotherms become increasingly broad. Recent efforts using larger pinholes (175-375 mum) have shown improved peak sharpness and elimination of leading edge curvature when pinhole size is increased as pressure is reduced. This need for increased pinhole diameter at lower pressures is consistent with orifice selections used in effusion studies. Optimization of pinhole size as a function of pressure may extend the practical operational range of ASTM E 1782 to permit rapid vapor pressure determination to at least 0.2 kPa. Crown Copyright (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,PC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Kalbsey Corp, Carbon, IN 47837 USA. RP Butrow, AB (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,PC, Bldg E3300, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD JUN 3 PY 2003 VL 402 IS 1-2 BP 145 EP 152 DI 10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00604-4 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 689WN UT WOS:000183516100016 ER PT J AU Shen, H Aliberti, K Stann, B Newman, P Mehandru, R Ren, F AF Shen, H Aliberti, K Stann, B Newman, P Mehandru, R Ren, F TI Mixing characteristics of InGaAs metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors with Schottky enhancement layers SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MSM PHOTODETECTOR AB We report on the optoelectronic (OE) mixing characteristics of a Schottky-enhanced InGaAs-based metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector (MSM-PD). The measured frequency bandwidth of such a mixer is less than that of a corresponding photodetector. The mixing efficiency depends on the light modulation, local oscillator, and mixed signal frequencies and decreases nonlinearly with decrease in optical power. This is not observed in GaAs-based and non-Schottky-enhanced InGaAs MSM-PDs. We present a circuit model of the OE mixer to explain the experimental results. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Shen, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 2 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 22 BP 3814 EP 3816 DI 10.1063/1.1579117 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 683AH UT WOS:000183124200002 ER PT J AU de Lorimier, AJ Byrd, W Hall, ER Vaughan, WM Tang, D Roberts, ZJ McQueen, CE Cassels, FJ AF de Lorimier, AJ Byrd, W Hall, ER Vaughan, WM Tang, D Roberts, ZJ McQueen, CE Cassels, FJ TI Murine antibody response to intranasally administered enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli colonization factor CS6 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE enterotoxigenic E. coli; colonization factor; microspheres ID VACCINE DELIVERY SYSTEM; BIODEGRADABLE MICROSPHERES; FACTOR ANTIGENS; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; ORAL IMMUNIZATION; MUCOSAL; ABSORPTION; CHALLENGE; PROTEINS; MICROPARTICLES AB Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide and is an important cause of infant morbidity and mortality in developing nations. ETEC colonization factors (CF) are virulence determinants that appear to be protective antigens in humans and are the major target of vaccine efforts. One of the most prevalent CF, CS6, is expressed by about 30% of ETEC worldwide. This study was designed to compare the immunogenicity between encapsulated CS6 (CS6-PLG) and unencapsulated CS6. Recombinant CS6 was purified and encapsulated in biodegradable poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) microspheres using current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). CS6-PLG and CS6 were administered intranasally (IN) to BALB/c mice in three vaccinations 4 weeks apart. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the anti-CS6 response in serum and mucosal secretions following each of the three inoculations. Mice vaccinated with two or three doses of CS6-PLG demonstrated a significantly greater rise in serum anti-CS6 IgG and mucosal IgA titer values than those immunized with two or three doses of CS6 alone. Three doses of CS6-PLG led to anti-CS6 serum IgG and mucosal IgA titer values 14-fold and 4.4-fold greater, respectively, than three doses of CS6 (P < 0.02). IN administered CS6 to mice is safe and highly immunogenic either alone or when encapsulated in microspheres. PLG microsphere encapsulation of CS6 significantly augments the antibody response to that antigen when administered to a mucosal surface. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Pediat Gastroenterol & Nutr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Dent Res Detachment, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Dept Biostat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Combat Casualty Care, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Dept Enter Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Cassels, FJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 2 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 19-20 BP 2548 EP 2555 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00101-4 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 682PK UT WOS:000183100600045 PM 12744890 ER PT J AU Mawrin, C Kirches, E Schneider-Stock, R Scherlach, C Vorwerk, C von Deimling, A van Landeghem, F Meyermann, R Bornemann, A Muller, A Romeike, B Stoltenburg-Didinger, G Wickboldt, J Pilz, P Dietzmann, K AF Mawrin, C Kirches, E Schneider-Stock, R Scherlach, C Vorwerk, C von Deimling, A van Landeghem, F Meyermann, R Bornemann, A Muller, A Romeike, B Stoltenburg-Didinger, G Wickboldt, J Pilz, P Dietzmann, K TI Analysis of TP53 and PTEN in gliomatosis cerebri SO ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE gliomatosis cerebri; TP53; PTEN ID SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMAS; GENE-MUTATIONS; P53; DIAGNOSIS; ASTROCYTOMAS; TUMORS AB Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) is a rare glial neoplasm with extensive diffuse brain infiltration but relative preservation of the underlying architecture. Previous molecular studies, mostly analyzing biopsy samples, have suggested an astrocytic origin of GC, but a larger collective of autopsy tissue has not been investigated so far. Furthermore, whether the widespread neoplastic infiltration is based on a monoclonal process is still a matter of debate. In the present study, we screened paraffin-embedded brain tissue from different areas of 18 cases (8 autopsy cases and 10 biopsies) for alterations in the TP53 and PTEN genes. Nuclear accumulation of p53 protein was detected in 9 cases (50%). Somatic TP53 mutations occurred in two autopsy cases (11% of all cases). In the first case, a C-->T transition in codon 273 (Arg --> Cys) was detected in all tumor samples. In the second case, in tumor samples from one hemisphere, nuclear accumulation of p53 was caused by a G --> A transition in codon 244 (Gly --> Asp). In the present series, no mutations within the coding region of PTEN were found. Pten expression was observed in two autopsy cases (25%) and seven biopsy samples (70%). These data suggest that TP53 is affected in some cases, but other yet-unidentified genetic alterations might contribute to tumorigenesis in GC. Furthermore, although GC might be a monoclonal process, the presence of different tumor clones cannot be ruled out. C1 Otto Von Guericke Univ, Inst Neuropathol, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Otto Von Guericke Univ, Dept Psychiat, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Otto Von Guericke Univ, Dept Radiol, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Otto Von Guericke Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. Humboldt Univ, Klinikum Charite, Dept Neuropathol, Berlin, Germany. Univ Tubingen, Inst Himforsch, Tubingen, Germany. Univ Saarland, Dept Neuropathol, Homburg, Germany. Free Univ Berlin, Dept Neuropathol, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. Asklepios Klin Seesen, Dept Neurosurg, Seesen, Germany. Landesnervenklin Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. RP Mawrin, C (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Forest Glen Annex, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Schneider-Stock, Regine/H-8863-2012; von Deimling, Andreas/F-7774-2013; OI von Deimling, Andreas/0000-0002-5863-540X; Romeike, Bernd/0000-0002-9693-3870 NR 32 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0001-6322 J9 ACTA NEUROPATHOL JI Acta Neuropathol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 105 IS 6 BP 529 EP 536 DI 10.1007/s00401-003-0674-5 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 685EU UT WOS:000183248500001 PM 12734658 ER PT J AU Rogers, SE Suhs, NE Dietz, WE AF Rogers, SE Suhs, NE Dietz, WE TI PEGASUS 5: An automated preprocessor for overset-grid computational fluid dynamics SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 32nd Fluids Conference CY JUN 24-26, 2002 CL ST LOUIS, MISSOURI SP AIAA AB An all new, automated version of the PEGASUS software has been developed and tested. PEGASUS provides the hole-cutting and connectivity information between overlapping grids and is used as the final part of the grid-generation process for overset-grid computational fluid dynamics approaches. The new PEGASUS code (Version 5) has many new features: automated hole cutting, a projection scheme for fixing small discretization errors in overset surfaces, more efficient interpolation search methods using an alternating digital tree and a stencil-jumping scheme, hole-size optimization based on adding additional layers of fringe points, and an automatic restart capability. The new code has also been parallelized using the message-passing interface standard. The parallelization performance provides efficient speedup of the execution time by an order of magnitude, and up to a factor of 30 for very large problems. The results of two example cases are presented: a three-element high-lift airfoil and a complete Boeing 777-200 aircraft in a high-lift landing configuration. Comparisons of the computed flowfields for these test cases between the old and new versions of the PEGASUS codes show excellent agreement with each other and with experimental results. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Adv Supercomp Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Aviat Engn Directorate, Aeromech Div, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Flow Anal Inc, Tullahoma, TN 37330 USA. RP Rogers, SE (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Adv Supercomp Div, Mail Stop T27B-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 24 TC 35 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1037 EP 1045 DI 10.2514/2.2070 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 685EB UT WOS:000183246900006 ER PT J AU Kindsvater, S Leclerc, K Ward, J AF Kindsvater, S Leclerc, K Ward, J TI Effects of coadministration of Aspirin or Clopidogrel on exercise testing in patients with heart failure receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ENALAPRIL; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; TRIAL; PROSTAGLANDINS; CAPTOPRIL C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Kindsvater, S (reprint author), 81st MDOS SGOMC, 301 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 11 BP 1350 EP 1352 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(03)00328-X PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 685EE UT WOS:000183247200014 PM 12767432 ER PT J AU Jaffer, A Robinson, R Cowan, D Engel, C AF Jaffer, A Robinson, R Cowan, D Engel, C TI Somatic symptoms and psychiatric morbidity among patients seeking care after the Pentagon attack. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 11-14, 2003 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 157 IS 11 SU S MA L6 BP S105 EP S105 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 687PJ UT WOS:000183385400413 ER PT J AU Steinberger, BA Ford, SM Coleman, TA AF Steinberger, BA Ford, SM Coleman, TA TI Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy results in post-infusional hyperproteinemia, increased serum viscosity, and pseudohyponatremia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE intravenous immunoglobulin; hyperviscosity; pseudohyponatremia; thromboembolism ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CEREBRAL VASOSPASM; IVIG THERAPY; ENCEPHALOPATHY; COMPLICATIONS; PATIENT; EVENTS AB Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is associated with rare reports of thromboembolic events and severe hyponatremia. We hypothesized that IVIG therapy may result In hyperproteinemia, increased serum viscosity, and pseudohyponatremia. We conducted a prospective observational study to evaluate the incidence of hyperproteinemia occurring after IVIG therapy and its relationship to serum sodium, viscosity, osmolality, and the serum osmolar gap. Eighteen IVIG infusions at a standard dose of 2 g/kg administered over 2-5 days were evaluated. Serum glucose, sodium, protein, viscosity, osmolality, and a calculated osmolar gap were obtained prior to therapy, 6 hr after the initiation of therapy, 24 hr after the conclusion of therapy, and on post-treatment day 10. Paired t-testing revealed a statistically significant increase in serum protein and viscosity and decrease in serum sodium and calculated osmolality 24 hr after the completion of IVIG therapy. The calculated serum osmolar gap increased insignificantly. In multivariate analysis, hyperproteinemia at the 6-hr time point predicted hyponatremia (P < 0.000), and hyperproteinemia at the 24-hr time point predicted both hyponatremia and increased serum viscosity (P = 0.024). These data demonstrate that increased serum viscosity occurs following IVIG therapy due to hyperproteinemia, and the rare hyponatremia reported Is a pseudohyponatremia also due to hyperproteinemia. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.double dagger C1 USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Augusta, GA USA. USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Augusta, GA USA. USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Augusta, GA USA. RP Coleman, TA (reprint author), USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 20 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 73 IS 2 BP 97 EP 100 DI 10.1002/ajh.10325 PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 679KL UT WOS:000182921100004 PM 12749010 ER PT J AU Trespalacios, FC Taylor, AJ Agodoa, LY Bakris, GL Abbott, KC AF Trespalacios, FC Taylor, AJ Agodoa, LY Bakris, GL Abbott, KC TI Heart failure as a cause for hospitalization in chronic dialysis patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors; beta-blockers; aspirin; hemodialysis (HD); peritoneal dialysis (PD); United States Renal Data System (USRDS); heart failure (HF); coronary heart disease (CHD); blood pressure; pulse pressure ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC FUNCTION; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; CALCIUM-CHANNEL; PULSE PRESSURE AB Background: Risk factors for heart failure (HF) have not been reported previously in a nationally representative sample of dialysis patients. Methods: We conducted a historic cohort study of 1,995 patients enrolled in the US Renal Data System Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Study Wave 2 who were Medicare eligible at the study start and were followed up until December 31, 1999, or receipt of a renal transplant. Cox regression analysis was used to model associations with time to first hospitalization for both recurrent and de novo HF (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 428.x), defined as patients with and without a history of HF, respectively. Results The incidence density of HF was 71/1,000 person-years. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers were each used in less than 25% of patients with a known history of HF. A history of coronary heart disease was associated with an increased total risk for HF, as were hemodialysis (versus peritoneal dialysis), aspirin use, and a history of diabetes. However, hemodialysis and aspirin use were the only factors associated with both de novo and recurrent HE Widened pulse pressure was associated with de novo HF. The mortality rate after HF was 83% at 3 years (adjusted hazard ratio for mortality, 2.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.80 to 2.45; P < 0.0001). Conclusion: In chronic dialysis patients, hemodialysis and aspirin use were associated with increased risk for both total and de novo HF. Hospitalized HF was associated with a significantly increased risk for death. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Lewis, WA USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 44 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1267 EP 1277 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00359-7 PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 685JJ UT WOS:000183259000021 PM 12776280 ER PT J AU Schaefer, B Rivas-Estilla, AM Meraz-Cruz, N Arturo, M Reyes-Romero Hernandez-Nazara, ZH Dominguez-Rosales, JA Schuppan, D Greenwel, P Rojkind, M AF Schaefer, B Rivas-Estilla, AM Meraz-Cruz, N Arturo, M Reyes-Romero Hernandez-Nazara, ZH Dominguez-Rosales, JA Schuppan, D Greenwel, P Rojkind, M TI Reciprocal modulation of matrix metalloproteinase-13 and type I collagen genes in rat hepatic stellate cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOLIC LIVER-DISEASE; TISSUE INHIBITOR; MESSENGER-RNA; ALPHA-1(I) PROCOLLAGEN; EXPERIMENTAL CIRRHOSIS; COCULTURE SYSTEM; FIBROSIS; EXPRESSION; FIBROGENESIS; HEPATOCYTES AB Collagen degradation by matrix metalloproteinases is the limiting step in reversing liver fibrosis. Although collagen production in cirrhotic livers is increased, the expression and/or activity of matrix metalloproteinases could be normal, increased in early fibrosis, or decreased during advanced liver cirrhosis. Hepatic stellate cells are the main producers of collagens and matrix metalloproteinases in the liver. Therefore, we sought to investigate whether they simultaneously produce alpha1(l) collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-13 mRNAs. In this communication we show that expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 mRNA is reciprocally modulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and transforming growth factor-beta1. When hepatic stellate cells are co-cultured with hepatocytes, matrix metalloproteinase-13 mRNA is up-regulated and alpha1(l) collagen is down-regulated. Injuring hepatocytes with galactosamine further increased matrix metalloproteinase-13 mRNA production. Confocal microscopy and differential centrifugation of co-cultured cells revealed that matrix metalloproteinase-13 is localized mainly within hepatic stellate cells. Studies performed with various hepatic stellate cell lines revealed that they are heterogeneous regarding expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13. Those with myofibroblastic phenotypes produce more type I collagen whereas those resembling freshly isolated hepatic stellate cells express matrix metalloproteinase-13. Overall, these findings strongly support the notion that alpha1(l) collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-13 mRNAs are reciprocally modulated. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Expt Pathol Sect, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Marion Bessin Liver Res Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Free Univ Berlin, Dept Med 1, Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. Mt Sinai Sch Med, Brookdale Ctr Mol Biol, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, New York, NY USA. RP Rojkind, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Expt Pathol Sect, Dept Clin Invest, T2-209,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA009231, R01 AA010541, R01AA09231, R01AA10541, R01AA12196] NR 48 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 162 IS 6 BP 1771 EP 1780 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64312-X PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 682FM UT WOS:000183081100004 PM 12759235 ER PT J AU Acs, G Zhang, PJ McGrath, CM Acs, P McBroom, J Mohyeldin, A Liu, SZ Lu, HS Verma, A AF Acs, G Zhang, PJ McGrath, CM Acs, P McBroom, J Mohyeldin, A Liu, SZ Lu, HS Verma, A TI Hypoxia-inducible erythropoietin signaling in squamous dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and its potential role in cervical carcinogenesis and tumor progression SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; CYTOKINE RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16; RADIATION-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; O2 TENSION MEASUREMENTS; GENE-EXPRESSION; SOLID TUMORS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; BREAST-CANCER AB Tissue hypoxia is a characteristic property of cervical cancers that makes tumors resistant to chemo- and radiation therapy. Erythropoietin (Epo) is a hypoxia-inducible stimulator of erythropoiesis. Acting via its receptor (EpoR), Epo up-regulates bcl-2 and inhibits apoptosis of erythroid cells and rescues neurons from hypoxic damage. In addition to human papillomavirus infection, increased bcl-2 expression and decreased apoptosis are thought to play a role in the progression of cervical neoplasia. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting we showed that HeLa and SiHa cervical carcinoma cells and human cervical carcinomas express EpoR, and that hypoxia enhances EpoR expression. Exogenous Epo stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and inhibited the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined the expression of Epo, EpoR, p16, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha, and bcl-2 in benign and dysplastic cervical squamous epithelia and invasive squamous; cell carcinomas (ISCCs). EpoR expression in benign epithelia was confined to the basal cell layers, whereas in dysplasias it increasingly appeared in more superficial cell layers and showed a significant correlation with severity of dysplasia. Diffuse EpoR expression was found in all ISCCs,. Expression of Epo and HIF-1alpha was increased in dysplasias compared to benign epithelia. Focal Epo and HIF-1alpha expression was seen near necrotic areas in ISCCs, and showed correlation in their spatial distribution. Significant correlation was found between expression of EpoR, and p16 and bcl-2 in benign and dysplastic squamous epithelia. Our results suggest that increased expression of Epo and EpoR may play a significant role in cervical carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Hypoxia-inducible Epo signaling may play a significant role in the aggressive behavior and treatment resistance of hypoxic cervical cancers. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Huron Hosp, Cleveland Clin Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Cleveland, OH USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Acs, G (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Med Ctr, 6 Founders Pavil,3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS037814, NS37814] NR 127 TC 150 Z9 162 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 162 IS 6 BP 1789 EP 1806 DI 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64314-3 PG 18 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 682FM UT WOS:000183081100006 PM 12759237 ER PT J AU Pasquina, PF Kelly, S Hawkins, RE AF Pasquina, PF Kelly, S Hawkins, RE TI Assessing clinical competence in physical medicine & rehabilitation residency programs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE physical medicine & rehabilitation; assessing clinical skills; competency; evaluation tools ID CERTIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; EXPERIENCE; NURSES AB Objective: Evaluation of resident clinical competence is a complex task. A multimodal approach is necessary to capture all of the dimensions of competence. Recent guidelines from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education delineate six general competencies that physicians should posses. Application of these guidelines presents challenges to residency program directors in defining educational experiences and evaluation methods. Design: We surveyed 81 physical medicine and rehabilitation program directors regarding assessment tools used in their programs. Seventy-five percent responded. The most frequently used assessment tools included: In-training self-assessment examinations, faculty evaluations, direct observation, and conference participation. Program directors assigned the highest values to direct observation, faculty evaluations, self-assessment examinations, and oral examinations. Results: Of the general competencies, more than 90% of program directors believed they did an adequate job rating dimensions of patient care, medical knowledge, professionalism, and communication skills. Approximately one-third, however, thought they did a less than fair job rating practice-based learning and improvement and systems-based practice. The majority of programs reported that they were able to identify a resident with difficulties during the first year of training, 44% within the first 6 months. Program directors reported that their residents spend a significant amount of their time with nurses and therapists during their inpatient rotations; however, this was not reflected in their evaluation practices, in which only one-fourth of programs reported the use of nurses and therapists in evaluating residents. Conclusions: Survey results indicate that physical medicine and rehabilitation program directors apply a variety of assessment tools in evaluating resident clinical competence. Although perceptions about the relative value of these tools vary, most programs report a high value to direct observation of residents by faculty. Of the six general competencies, program directors struggle the most with their evaluation of practice-based learning and improvement and systems-based practice. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Capital Area Med Simulat Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Pasquina, PF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 82 IS 6 BP 473 EP 478 DI 10.1097/01.PHM.0000069213.90013.01 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 681EQ UT WOS:000183024300010 PM 12820791 ER PT J AU Zhao, BT Stavchansky, SA Bowden, RA Bowman, PD AF Zhao, BT Stavchansky, SA Bowden, RA Bowman, PD TI Effect of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on gene expression in human endothelial cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE recombinant cytokines; microarray analysis; human cells; vascular system ID CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1 GENE; NF-KAPPA-B; SEPTIC SHOCK; SEVERE SEPSIS; CYTOKINE; INFLAMMATION; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; TRIAL AB Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are two major cytokines that rise to relatively high levels during systemic inflammation, and the endothelial cell (EC) response to these cytokines may explain some of the dysfunction that occurs. To better understand the cytokine-induced responses of EC at the gene expression level, human umbilical vein EC were exposed to IL-1beta or TNF-alpha for various times and subjected to cDNA microarray analyses to study alterations in their mRNA expression. Of similar to4,000 genes on the microarray, expression levels of 33 and 58 genes appeared to be affected by treatment with IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, respectively; 25 of these genes responded to both treatments. These results suggest that the effects of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha on EC are redundant and that it may be necessary to suppress both cytokines simultaneously to ameliorate the systemic response. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharmaceut, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Bowman, PD (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 27 TC 36 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 284 IS 6 BP C1577 EP C1583 DI 10.1152/ajpcell.00243.2002 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 675DP UT WOS:000182678000027 PM 12734110 ER PT J AU Watt, G Jongsakul, K AF Watt, G Jongsakul, K TI Acute undifferentiated fever caused by infection with Japanese encephalitis virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID THAILAND; DENGUE AB To determine the proportion of acute undifferentiated fevers without neurologic deficits related to infection with Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus, flavivirus serology (dengue and JE) was performed in a cohort of 156 adults presenting to a hospital in Chiangrai, Thailand. Recent flavivirus infection was diagnosed for any individual with an IgM result >40 units. A ratio of dengue virus IgM to JE virus IgM <0.91 defined a JE virus infection. Diagnostic criteria for Japanese encephalitis were met in 22 individuals (14%), and were unequivocal in 8 patients. The admission findings in these eight subjects were similar to those described for other flavivirus infections. Thrombocytopenia was the most striking laboratory abnormality (median platelet count=119,000/mm(3), range=44,000-236,000/mm(3)). Headache (75%), nausea (50%), myalgia (38%), rash (38%), and diarrhea (25%) were the most frequently encountered signs and symptoms. Infection with Japanese encephalitis virus is an underappreciated cause of acute undifferentiated fever in Asia. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Watt, G (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 13 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 68 IS 6 BP 704 EP 706 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 699UZ UT WOS:000184075500017 PM 12887030 ER PT J AU Russi, JC Serra, M Vinoles, J Perez, MT Ruchansky, D Alonso, G Sanchez, JL Russell, KL Montano, SM Negrete, M Weissenbacher, M AF Russi, JC Serra, M Vinoles, J Perez, MT Ruchansky, D Alonso, G Sanchez, JL Russell, KL Montano, SM Negrete, M Weissenbacher, M TI Sexual transmission of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections among male transvestite comercial sex workers in Montevideo, Uruguay SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RISK BEHAVIORS; E-ANTIGEN; NON-A; PREVALENCE; HIV; PROSTITUTES; SYPHILIS; ANTIBODY; CARRIER; HBSAG AB Prostitution may constitute a risk behavior for infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We conducted a seroepidemiologic study among 200 male transvestite commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Montevideo, Uruguay in 1999. Evidence of exposure to HBV, HCV, and HIV was found in 101 (50.5%), 13 (6.5%), and 43 (21.5%) individuals, respectively. Positivity for HIV was correlated with both HBV (odds ratio [OR]=2.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.01-4.67) and HCV (OR=3.47, 95% CI=0.90-12.79) infection. Predictors of infection were older age (greater than or equal to26 years; P<0.01) for all 3 viruses and time in CSW (&GE;5 years; P<0.05) for HBV and HIV. Prior history of use of drugs (OR=3.54, 95% CI=1.09-11.52) and sexual contact with foreigners (OR=9.2, 95% CI=1.16-73.12) were found to be associated only with HCV infection. Sexual transmission of these viruses constitutes a significant problem among male transvestite CSWs. C1 Minist Hlth, Dept Labs, Montevideo, Uruguay. Minist Hlth, AIDS HIV Natl Program, Montevideo, Uruguay. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, AIDS Natl Reference Ctr, RA-1121 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Sanchez, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, 13 Taft Court,Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 32 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 68 IS 6 BP 716 EP 720 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 699UZ UT WOS:000184075500020 PM 12887033 ER PT J AU Earles, J Kerr, B Kellar, M AF Earles, J Kerr, B Kellar, M TI Psychophysiologic treatment of vocal cord dysfunction SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASTHMA AB Background: Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is an obstructive upper airway syndrome that frequently mimics asthma and for which there is no empirical treatment of choice. Objective: To describe two military service members experiencing VCD who were treated with psychophysiologic self-regulation training. Methods: Both cases were active-duty military members with VCD confirmed by laryngoscopy They each received biofeedback self-regulation training to decrease tension in the extrinsic laryngeal musculature. Results: Both patients responded to the treatment, denied the presence of dsypnea, and had resumed military physical training. Conclusions: Psychophysiologic self-regulation strategies both with and without concurrent speech therapy positively impacted VCD symptoms. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Earles, J (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 6 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 90 IS 6 BP 669 EP 671 PG 3 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 691CW UT WOS:000183588100017 PM 12839328 ER PT J AU Cohen, DJ Griffin, LV AF Cohen, DJ Griffin, LV TI Mechanical comparison of three sternotomy closure techniques using a polyurethane foam sternal model - Reply SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Letter ID MEDIAN STERNOTOMY C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Cardiothorac Surg Serv, MCHE, SDC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cohen, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Cardiothorac Surg Serv, MCHE, SDC, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 75 IS 6 BP 2010 EP 2010 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)03872-9 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 686FU UT WOS:000183311400087 ER PT J AU Meiselman, HL Schutz, HG AF Meiselman, HL Schutz, HG TI History of food acceptance research in the US Army SO APPETITE LA English DT Review DE hedonic scale; food acceptance; food preference; longterm feeding; field studies; context; expectations; sensory ID TASTE; PREFERENCES; DRINKING; ACCEPTABILITY; METHODOLOGY; PERCEPTION; OVERWEIGHT; MAGNITUDE; PERSONNEL; MONOTONY AB The history of food acceptance research by the US Army in Chicago and Natick is reviewed. The review covers the staff of the two research centers, the research programs, and the significant accomplishments of the Army laboratories from the 1940s to the present. Accomplishments begin with the development of the nine-point hedonic scale, and the development of the first Food Acceptance Laboratory. Further accomplishments include studies of sensory psychophysics, food preferences, food choice and food intake. The laboratories designed methods and conducted research on the role of consumer variables in the acceptance of food products and food service systems. Recent work has focused on new scaling approaches, the role of contextual factors and the importance of product expectations. Throughout the period of the review, the Army research has examined the relationship of laboratory acceptance to field acceptance, and the relationship of acceptance to intake. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Meiselman, HL (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 69 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD JUN PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 199 EP 216 DI 10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00007-2 PG 18 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 698AC UT WOS:000183974600001 PM 12798779 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV AF Cardello, AV TI Consumer concerns and expectations about novel food processing technologies: effects on product liking SO APPETITE LA English DT Review DE consumer concerns; expectations; novel food processes ID IRRADIATED FOODS; PUBLIC CONCERNS; ATTITUDES; INFORMATION; RISK; ACCEPTANCE; BENEFIT; SAFETY; DISCONFIRMATION; BIOTECHNOLOGY AB Eighty-eight consumers participated in a blind pre-test in which they rated their baseline preference for chocolate pudding, their liking of three tasted brands of chocolate pudding, and their level of concern for 20 different food processing and preservation technologies. All returned one month later and tasted the same puddings, but this time they were informed that they had been processed by one of several different novel or traditional food processing techniques. Different sub-groups were informed of the name of the process, the name plus a factual description of the process, or the name, the factual description, plus a benefit statement. Ratings of expected liking were obtained before and after viewing the samples, but before tasting them. Finally, subjects tasted and rated the products for actual liking and a sub-group rated their concern levels for the same 20 technologies rated in the pre-test. Pre-test results showed females to have significantly higher concern levels for all technologies. Individuals who had demonstrated a willingness to consume foods processed by one novel technology (irradiation) had lower concern ratings for all technologies. Ratings of concern were negatively correlated with expected liking for products believed to be processed by the technologies. Expected liking ratings were positively influenced by visual exposure to the product and by a safety and benefit statement. Linear regression of the change in product liking as a function of whether products were better or worse than expected supported an assimilation model of the effect of disconfirmed expectations on liking/disliking. Lastly, post-test concern levels for many of the technologies were reduced by participation in the study. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 101 TC 106 Z9 109 U1 6 U2 34 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD JUN PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 217 EP 233 DI 10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00008-4 PG 17 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 698AC UT WOS:000183974600002 PM 12798780 ER PT J AU Bell, R Marshall, DW AF Bell, R Marshall, DW TI The construct of food involvement in behavioral research: scale development and validation SO APPETITE LA English DT Review DE food-involvement scale; consumer behavior; psychometric analysis ID CONSUMER INVOLVEMENT; LIKING AB The construct of involvement has been found to influence brand loyalty, product information search processing, responses to advertising communications, diffusion of innovations, and ultimately, product choice decisions. Traditionally, involvement has been defined as being a characteristic of either a product or of an individual. In the present research, we make an assumption that an individual's 'food involvement' is a somewhat stable characteristic and we hypothesized that involvement with foods would vary between individuals, that individuals who are more highly involved with food would be better able to discriminate between a set of food samples than would less food involved individuals, and that this discrimination would operate both in affective and perceptive relative judgments. Using standard scale construction techniques, we developed a measure of the characteristic of food involvement, based on activities relating to food acquisition, preparation, cooking, eating and disposal. After several iterations, a final 12-item measure was found to have good test-retest reliability and internal consistency within two subscales. A behavioral validation study demonstrated that measures of food involvement were associated with discrimination and hedonic ratings for a range of foods in a laboratory setting. These findings suggest that food involvement, as measured by the Food Involvement Scale, may be an important mediator to consider when undertaking research with food and food habits. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Natick Res Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Edinburgh, Dept Business Studies, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Bell, R (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Ctr, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM rickbell@post.harvard.edu NR 44 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 4 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD JUN PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 235 EP 244 DI 10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00009-6 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 698AC UT WOS:000183974600003 PM 12798781 ER PT J AU Lieberman, HR AF Lieberman, HR TI Nutrition, brain function and cognitive performance SO APPETITE LA English DT Review DE nutrition; tryptophan; caffeine; protein; carbohydrate; cognitive; mood; stress ID EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA SYNDROME; L-TRYPTOPHAN; ENVIRONMENTAL-STRESS; CAFFEINE CONSUMPTION; FOOD CONSTITUENTS; VISUAL VIGILANCE; HUMAN MOOD; TYROSINE; MELATONIN; CARBOHYDRATE AB Military interest in the effects of nutritional factors on cognitive function has stimulated considerable research on a variety of food constituents. This paper will review the research on the amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine, caffeine and carbohydrate. It will focus on research that addresses the potential utility of these compounds in military applications, particularly the acute, as opposed to chronic, effects of these substances on cognitive functions such as alertness, vigilance and resistance to stress. Caffeine, the most intensively studied food constituent, has unequivocal beneficial effects on vigilance, and in sleep deprived individuals it enhances other cognitive functions as well. Tryptophan, although it clearly has sedative-like properties, has not been extensively studied by military laboratories for use as a hypnotic, due to safety concerns. Tyrosine has been examined in animal models and human studies, and appears to prevent the substantial decline in various aspects of cognitive performance and mood associated with many kinds of acute stress. Carbohydrate supplementation appears to enhance cognitive performance in soldiers engaged in sustained, intense physical activities that expend high levels of energy. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Lieberman, HR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 77 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 28 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD JUN PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 245 EP 254 DI 10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00010-2 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 698AC UT WOS:000183974600004 PM 12798782 ER PT J AU Montain, SJ Young, AJ AF Montain, SJ Young, AJ TI Diet and physical performance SO APPETITE LA English DT Review DE soldiers; caloric restriction; energy restriction; underfeeding; fasting; exercise; ergogenic aids; carbohydrate; body composition ID CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION; CALORIC RESTRICTION; METABOLIC ASPECTS; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; YOUNG MEN; EXERCISE; MUSCLE; WORK; HYPOHYDRATION; STRENGTH AB This paper provides a historical summary of military nutrition research into the role of diet for sustaining soldier physical performance. Studies of underfeeding document that physical performance is preserved during several days of underfeeding provided sufficient carbohydrate and minerals are consumed to minimize the diuresis associated with semi-starvation diets and serial intake of carbohydrate is available to support metabolism during prolonged work. The Military Recommended Dietary Allowances, AR 40-25, currently recommends that when restricted rations are required, that the ration contain at least 1100-1500 kcal, 50-70 g of protein, and a minimum of 100 g of carbohydrate on a daily basis. This low energy diet, however, is not recommended for subsistence for longer than 10 consecutive days. Dietary carbohydrate intakes of approximately 300-400 g will more closely match the quantity of carbohydrate oxidized to meet daily energy requirements during field operations. Research into the potential advantages of dietary supplements has generally not proved advantageous when compared to eating a well balanced diet. Future investigations of the role of diet for sustaining soldier health and performance should be directed toward a better understanding of the influence of energy intake and macro-nutrient composition for preserving lean body mass, reducing susceptibility to illness and injury and enhancing recovery during and after sustained operations. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Young, AJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RI Biguzzi, Felipe/E-4724-2015 NR 60 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD JUN PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 255 EP 267 DI 10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00011-4 PG 13 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 698AC UT WOS:000183974600005 PM 12798783 ER PT J AU Casler, JD AF Casler, JD TI Clinical use of new technologies without scientific studies SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MEDICAL DEVICES; FDA C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Casler, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Otolaryngol, Bldg 2,Suite 6B,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 129 IS 6 BP 674 EP 677 DI 10.1001/archotol.129.6.674 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 688AH UT WOS:000183409600017 PM 12810476 ER PT J AU Ender, MG AF Ender, MG TI Guts and glory: The making of the American military image in film SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ender, MG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 29 IS 4 BP 622 EP 624 DI 10.1177/0095327X0302900410 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 739PR UT WOS:000186356100009 ER PT J AU Parker, JM AF Parker, JM TI Counterinsurgency lessons from Malaya and Vietnam: Learning to eat soup with a knife. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Parker, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI PISCATAWAY PA RUTGERS UNIV, DEPT 8010, 35 BERRUE CIRCLE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8042 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 29 IS 4 BP 625 EP 627 DI 10.1177/0095327X0302900411 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 739PR UT WOS:000186356100010 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Lucas, DM Mone, AP Kitner, JB Drabick, JJ Grever, MR AF Byrd, JC Lucas, DM Mone, AP Kitner, JB Drabick, JJ Grever, MR TI KRN5500: a novel therapeutic agent with in vitro activity against human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells mediates cytotoxicity via the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP; IN-VITRO; SPICAMYCIN; ANALOGS AB Therapy of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is currently palliative, emphasizing the need for identification of new therapies for this disease. KRN5500 is a novel agent that has a unique sensitivity pattern in the National Cancer Institute cell line screening panel, suggesting a unique mechanism of action. To assess its in vitro activity in CLL, we exposed peripheral mononuclear cells from CLL patients (n = 11) to varying concentrations of this agent. Viability of the CLL cells was reduced by 50% (LC50) at 4 hours, 24 hours, and 4 days at KRN5500 concentrations of 2.50 muM, 0.276 muM, and 0.139 muM, respectively. KRN5500 induced cellular injury via caspase-dependent apoptosis involving the intrinsic mitochondrial (caspase-9) initiating caspase and caspase-3 effector caspase; however, expression of the antiapoptotic mitochondrial membrane protein BcI-2 was unaffected. These data demonstrate KRN5500 has significant in vitro activity against human CLL cells, thus providing support for introduction of this agent into clinical trials for patients with CLL. (C) 2003 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Ohio State Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Byrd, JC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Starling Loving Hall,Rm 302, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RI Lucas, David/E-3555-2011 FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA81534-02, CA98099] NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 11 BP 4547 EP 4550 DI 10.1182/blood-2002-08-2623 PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 682CJ UT WOS:000183072800055 PM 12595316 ER PT J AU Tangrea, JA Albert, PS Lanza, E Woodson, K Corle, D Hasson, M Burt, R Caan, B Paskett, E Iber, F Kikendall, JW Lance, P Shike, M Weissfeld, J Schatzkin, A AF Tangrea, JA Albert, PS Lanza, E Woodson, K Corle, D Hasson, M Burt, R Caan, B Paskett, E Iber, F Kikendall, JW Lance, P Shike, M Weissfeld, J Schatzkin, A CA Polyp Prevention Study Grp TI Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use is associated with reduction in recurrence of advanced and non-advanced colorectal adenomas (United States) SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE adenomas; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; prospective; risk ID LONG-TERM USERS; REDUCED RISK; TUMOR-GROWTH; LARGE-BOWEL; ASPIRIN USE; RECTAL ADENOMAS; CANCER; SULINDAC; POLYPOSIS; INHIBITION AB Objective: To prospectively examine the association between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use (including dose and dosage schedule) and the recurrence of colorectal adenomas among individuals who were diagnosed with an adenoma at entry into a clinical trial. Methods: For this analysis, participants who completed the full follow-up (n = 1905) for the Polyp Prevention Trial (PPT) were evaluated. Information on current use and dose of NSAIDs and other drugs was obtained at baseline and at each subsequent study visit over the duration of the trial. The study endpoint was the recurrence of colorectal adenomas in the 3 years between the 1-year trial colonoscopy (T1) and the end of the trial colonoscopy (T4). Results: There was a significant reduction in overall adenoma recurrence among NSAIDs users (odds ratio [OR] = 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63-0.95), with the greatest effect seen in advanced polyps (OR = 0.51; CI: 0.33-0.79). Among aspirin users, we observed a significant dose response for overall adenoma recurrence, with a 40% reduction in the OR association (OR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.31-0.99) among those taking more than 325 mg per day. Conclusion: This prospective study provides further evidence that NSAIDs may play an important role in the chemoprevention of recurrent colorectal adenomas, even those with advanced features. C1 NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Canc Prevent Studies Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Biometr Res Branch, Div Canc Treatment & Diag, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Biometry Res Grp, Div Canc Prevent, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Kaiser Fdn Res Inst, Oakland, CA USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NCI, Nutrit Epidemiol Branch, Div Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Tangrea, JA (reprint author), NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Canc Prevent Studies Branch, Suite 321,6006 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Lance, Peter/I-2196-2014 OI Lance, Peter/0000-0003-2944-1881 NR 39 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD JUN PY 2003 VL 14 IS 5 BP 403 EP 411 DI 10.1023/A:1024990617158 PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 705VU UT WOS:000184417300001 PM 12946034 ER PT J AU Schnettler, J Yerkes, E Burch, S AF Schnettler, J Yerkes, E Burch, S TI Unleashing the flow SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 PBS&J, Miami, FL USA. PBS&J, Fed Program, Jacksonville, FL USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Jacksonville Dist, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Schnettler, J (reprint author), PBS&J, Miami, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 73 IS 6 BP 70 EP 75 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 687VN UT WOS:000183397800025 ER PT J AU Montilla-Soler, JL Rexroad, JT Bridwell, RS AF Montilla-Soler, JL Rexroad, JT Bridwell, RS TI Tc-99m depreotide scintigraphy of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; B-CELL LYMPHOMA; SOMATOSTATIN; F-18-FDG C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nucl Med Serv, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Montilla-Soler, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nucl Med Serv, Dept Radiol, Bldg 2,7A,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 28 IS 6 BP 503 EP 505 DI 10.1097/00003072-200306000-00014 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 681XC UT WOS:000183060000014 PM 12917537 ER PT J AU Martin, BL Nelson, MR Hershey, JN Engler, RJM AF Martin, BL Nelson, MR Hershey, JN Engler, RJM TI Adverse reactions to vaccines SO CLINICAL REVIEWS IN ALLERGY & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE adverse reactions; adjuvants; gelatin; allergy; risk communication; temporal association ID IMMEDIATE-TYPE REACTIONS; PERTUSSIS VACCINATION; GELATIN; ANAPHYLAXIS; CHILDREN; MEASLES; IGE; DIPHTHERIA; ALLERGY; TETANUS AB (The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.) Immunization healthcare is becoming increasingly complex as the number and types of vaccines have continued to expand. Like all prescription drugs, vaccines may be associated with adverse events. The majority of these reactions are self-limited and not associated with prolonged disability. The media, Internet and public advocacy groups have focused on potentially serious vaccine-associated adverse events with questions raised about causal linkages to increasing frequencies of diseases such as autism and asthma. Despite a lack of evidence of a causal relationship to a variety of vaccine safety concerns, including extensive reviews by the Institute of Medicine, questions regarding vaccine safety continue to threaten the success of immunization programs. Risk communication and individual risk assessment is further challenged by the public health success of vaccine programs creating the perception that certain vaccines are no longer necessary or justified because of the rare reaction risk. There is a need for improved understanding of true vaccine contraindications and precautions as well as host factors and disease threat in order to develop a patient specific balanced risk communication intervention. When they occur, vaccine related adverse events must be treated, documented and reported through the VAERS system. The increasing complexity of vaccination health care has led the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to identify Vaccine Safety Assessment and Evaluation as a potential new specialty. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Dept, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Martin, BL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Dept, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1080-0549 J9 CLIN REV ALLERG IMMU JI Clin. Rev. Allergy Immunol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 263 EP 273 DI 10.1385/CRIAI:24:3:263 PG 11 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 674JJ UT WOS:000182633400007 PM 12721397 ER PT J AU Guy, ED Radzevicius, SJ Conroy, JP AF Guy, ED Radzevicius, SJ Conroy, JP TI Computer programs for application of equations describing elastic and electromagnetic wave scattering from planar interfaces SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE amplitude partitioning; electromagnetic waves; energy partitioning; MATLAB; seismic waves; wave scattering ID ZOEPPRITZ AMPLITUDE EQUATIONS AB MATLAB programs are presented which solve equations describing the scattering of plane elastic and electromagnetic waves from a planar interface separating homogenous, isotropic, and semi-infinite geologic media. The PSHSV program calculates and plots amplitude (reflection and refraction/transmission) coefficients, square root energy ratios, energy coefficients, and phase changes for elastic waves of P-, SH- or SV-type incident on an interface between elastic media. The EHEV program calculates and plots amplitude coefficients, square root energy ratios, energy coefficients, and phase changes for electromagnetic waves of EH- or EV-type incident on an interface between dielectric media. The applicability of the programs is demonstrated through the presentation of solutions (plotted as a function of incidence angle) obtained for geologic environments commonly encountered in seismic and ground penetrating radar applications. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Environm & Remediat Sect, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. ENSCO Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. RP Guy, ED (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Environm & Remediat Sect, 502 8th St, Huntington, WV 25701 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 29 IS 5 BP 569 EP 575 DI 10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00049-9 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 692PV UT WOS:000183670200003 ER PT J AU Hunt, ME O'Malley, PG Feuerstein, I Taylor, AJ AF Hunt, ME O'Malley, PG Feuerstein, I Taylor, AJ TI The relationship between the 'metabolic score' and sub-clinical atherosclerosis detected with electron beam computed tomography SO CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE LA English DT Article DE atherosclerosis; computed tomography; risk factors; dyslipidemia; metabolic syndrome ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR; HEART-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DIABETES-MELLITUS; WALL THICKNESS; FOLLOW-UP; CHOLESTEROL AB Background This study examines the contribution of the metabolic syndrome, as defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), to sub-clinical atherosclerosis and the cardiovascular risk assessment in an asymptomatic screening population. Methods and results We studied 1000 consecutive, asymptomatic, apparently healthy men and women aged 40-45 years, enrolled into a prospective cardiovascular risk assessment study. The 'metabolic score' (MS) was calculated as the sum of the five metabolic syndrome risk factors defined per NCEP III. The metabolic syndrome was defined as a metabolic score greater than or equal to3. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) on electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) was used to measure sub-clinical atherosclerosis. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 8.9% (89/999), and was associated with significantly higher fasting serum insulin levels and significantly lower activity indices. Participants with the metabolic syndrome were more likely to have a positive CAC score 24.7% (24 of 89) compared to those without 16.5% (159 of 910, P<0.05.) After controlling for serum low-density lipoprotein, the metabolic score and the metabolic syndrome remained a significant independent predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis. Conclusion The 'metabolic score' is a simple clinical measurement that directly and independently relates to the likelihood of premature sub-clinical calcified atherosclerosis in an asymptomatic screening population. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Room 4A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0954-6928 J9 CORONARY ARTERY DIS JI Coronary Artery Dis. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 14 IS 4 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1097/01.mca.0000073432.02845.7a PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 705DY UT WOS:000184381500007 PM 12826931 ER PT J AU Arnaud, FG Khirabadi, B Fahy, GM AF Arnaud, FG Khirabadi, B Fahy, GM TI Physiological evaluation of a rabbit kidney perfused with VS41A SO CRYOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cryopreservation; machine-perfused kidney; dimethyl sulfoxide; formamide; propylene glycol; isolated perfused kidney; VS55 ID NORMOTHERMIC BLOOD PERFUSION; 7.5 M CRYOPROTECTANT; MAMMALIAN KIDNEY; CRYOPRESERVATION; TRANSPLANTATION AB The current report compares the renal physiological impact of a standard vitrification solution, VS41A, as measured by normothermic blood perfusion, to the physiological effects of VS4, a related but more dilute vitrification solution previously shown to be consistently compatible with life support function of transplanted rabbit kidneys. VS41A, which allows survival of only about half of the kidneys perfused with it, also appeared to be more damaging than VS4 based on in vitro functional indices and histology in one rabbit kidney so evaluated. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Resuscitat Med Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. 21st Century Med, Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730 USA. RP Fahy, GM (reprint author), 21st Century Med, 10844 Edison Court, Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0011-2240 J9 CRYOBIOLOGY JI Cryobiology PD JUN PY 2003 VL 46 IS 3 BP 289 EP 294 DI 10.1016/S0011-2240(03)00045-2 PG 6 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 696TJ UT WOS:000183903100010 PM 12818220 ER PT J AU Creel, NB Crowe, MA Mullen, GR AF Creel, NB Crowe, MA Mullen, GR TI Pet hamsters as a source of rat mite dermatitis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID INFESTATIONS; OUTBREAK AB Rat mite dermatitis is characterized by pruritic papules in a patient exposed to the tropical rat mite Ornithonyssus bacoti. We report a case of a woman with rat mite dermatitis who developed this eruption after exposure to her pet hamster. Mites were collected from the hamster and identified as O bacoti. Reported sources of rat mites, as well as avian mites and other mites that bite humans, are reviewed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Natl Capital Consortium Dermatol Residency Progra, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Creel, NB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Natl Capital Consortium Dermatol Residency Progra, 6900 Georgia Ave,Room 1J, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUN PY 2003 VL 71 IS 6 BP 457 EP 461 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 689VJ UT WOS:000183513400005 PM 12839256 ER PT J AU Pak, HS Harden, D Cruess, D Welch, ML Poropatich, R AF Pak, HS Harden, D Cruess, D Welch, ML Poropatich, R CA Natl Capital Area Teledermatology TI Teledermatology: An intraobserver diagnostic correlation study, part II SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN-IRELAND ARMS; MULTICENTER TELEDERMATOLOGY; REALTIME TELEDERMATOLOGY; CLINICAL MANAGEMENT; TELEMEDICINE; RELIABILITY; ACCURACY; TRIAL; TELECONSULTATIONS; CONSULTATIONS AB This is part II, of an intraobserver diagnostic cor relation study comparing teledermatology with traditional face-to-face evaluation. Part I discussed the methodology and diagnostic correlation results between teledermatology and in-person consultation (Cutis(R). 20031-71:399-403). This second part reports the diagnostic certainty level between the 2 groups, which are shown to be significantly different (teledermatology, 7110; in-person, 9/10). This difference held true in every category of skin condition evaluated (Pless than or equal to.0065). Unlike other studies, we found that teledermatologists recommended biopsies 10% more frequently than clinic-based evaluators. We discuss the reasons for the lower diagnostic certainty level of teledermatologists, as well as the limitations of this study. Despite the limitations, we conclude that teledermatology appears to be an effective method of delivering dermatologic care in the appropriate setting. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Pak, HS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. NR 14 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUN PY 2003 VL 71 IS 6 BP 476 EP 480 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 689VJ UT WOS:000183513400009 PM 12839260 ER PT J AU Xu, K Zhang, SS Jow, TR AF Xu, K Zhang, SS Jow, TR TI Formation of the graphite electrolyte interface by lithium bis(oxalato)borate SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION BATTERIES; INTERCALATION; CARBONS; DEPENDENCE; CELLS; LIBOB AB Solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formed on graphitic anode in electrolyte containing a salt, lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB), was investigated using electrochemical means, and an irreversible reduction process was found for LiBOB on graphitic anode at ca. 1.6 V vs. Li. To ascertain whether this process is responsible for the unique LiBOB property in stabilizing graphene structure against propylene carbonate (PC), we systematically interrupted the lithiation of graphitic anodes in LiBOB-electrolytes at a series of potentials and then tested the survivability of these preformed anodes in PC solution of LiPF6, an electrolyte composition known to exfoliate graphite materials readily. The results demonstrate that the formation of a functioning SEI is completed at potentials around 0.50 V vs. Li, and confirmed that BOB-anion plays a critical role in the effectiveness of the formed SEI to protect the graphene structure from exfoliation even in PC. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensor & Elect Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensor & Elect Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 17 TC 86 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 36 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 6 IS 6 BP A117 EP A120 DI 10.1149/1.1568173 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 668BD UT WOS:000182269700006 ER PT J AU Burch, HB AF Burch, HB TI Consultative endocrinology - Preface SO ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Med Corps, Endocrinol Diabet & Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Burch, HB (reprint author), USA, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Med Corps, Endocrinol Diabet & Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8529 J9 ENDOCRIN METAB CLIN JI Endocrinol. Metabol. Clin. North Amer. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP XI EP XIII DI 10.1016/S0889-8529(03)00013-6 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 685BE UT WOS:000183240300001 ER PT J AU Glister, BC Vigersky, RA AF Glister, BC Vigersky, RA TI Perioperative management of type 1 diabetes mellitus SO ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; INTENSIVE INSULIN THERAPY; GLUCOSE CONTROL; SURGICAL PATIENTS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; POTASSIUM INFUSION; METABOLIC CHANGES; WOUND-INFECTION; CRITICALLY ILL; SURGERY AB With an estimated 1 million type 1 diabetes mellitus patients in the United States today, approximately 50% of whom will require surgery of some kind during their lifetime, knowledge of their appropriate perioperative management is extremely important. Whether the surgery is being performed for a diabetic complication or an unrelated condition, the presence of one or more of the complications of diabetes increases the perioperative risk and prolongs hospitalization. A firm understanding of the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus, the metabolic stress response, and the interactions between various forms of insulin and other variables such as supplemental nutrition and glucocorticoids, can greatly assist in achieving a positive outcome. The use of individually-tailored IV and subcutaneous insulin regimens is reviewed in this article with the goal of maximizing glycemic control in an effort to reduce costly in-patient morbidity and mortality in this unique population. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Inst Diabet, Serv Endocrinol, Walter Reed Hlth Care Syst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrinol Diabet & Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vigersky, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Inst Diabet, Serv Endocrinol, Walter Reed Hlth Care Syst, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 71 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8529 J9 ENDOCRIN METAB CLIN JI Endocrinol. Metabol. Clin. North Amer. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 411 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8529(03)00006-9 PG 28 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 685BE UT WOS:000183240300007 PM 12800539 ER PT J AU Stocker, DJ AF Stocker, DJ TI Management of the bariatric surgery patient SO ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ROUX-EN-Y; VERTICAL BANDED GASTROPLASTY; GASTRIC BYPASS-SURGERY; MORBID-OBESITY; FOLLOW-UP; WEIGHT-LOSS; BILIOPANCREATIC DIVERSION; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; PRIMARY OPERATION; PROSPECTIVE TRIAL AB Morbid obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. Unfortunately, medical interventions have been largely ineffective in this growing population. Currently, bariatric surgery is the most effective intervention in managing morbid obesity and its comorbidities. As more patients become eligible for and pursue weight reduction surgery, it becomes important for the clinician to possess a thorough understanding of the different procedures available and the management of patients before, during, and after these surgeries. Significant weight loss and improvement in weight-related comorbidities are possible, with the best results available to the well-informed patient whose care is provided by a dedicated multidisciplinary team. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrine Diabet & Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stocker, DJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrine Diabet & Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 78 TC 65 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8529 J9 ENDOCRIN METAB CLIN JI Endocrinol. Metabol. Clin. North Amer. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 437 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8529(03)00002-1 PG 22 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 685BE UT WOS:000183240300008 PM 12800540 ER PT J AU Langley, RW Burch, HB AF Langley, RW Burch, HB TI Perioperative management of the thyrotoxic patient SO ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID THYROID BLOOD-FLOW; GRAVES-DISEASE; PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; PROPRANOLOL; IODINE; PROPYLTHIOURACIL; STORM; HYPOTHYROIDISM; SECRETION AB Preoperative thyrotoxicosis is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires medical intervention before surgery. Most patients are undergoing thyroidectomy for persistent thyrotoxicosis, usually Graves' disease, either having contraindications to or failing medical therapy Fewer patients are undergoing nonthyroidal surgery that is Likely urgent or emergent. The choice of treatment depends on the time available for preoperative preparation, the severity of the thyrotoxicosis, and the impact of any current or previous therapies. Generally, treatment is directed at a combination of targets in the thyroid hormone synthetic, secretory, and peripheral pathway with concurrent treatment to correct any decompensation of normal homeostatic mechanisms. Thionamides are the preferred initial treatment unless contra indicated, but do require several weeks to render a patient euthyroid. Beta-adrenergic blockers should be used unless absolutely contraindicated. Overall the morbility and mortality of adequately prepared patients is low. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrine Metab Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Langley, RW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrine Metab Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 59 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8529 J9 ENDOCRIN METAB CLIN JI Endocrinol. Metabol. Clin. North Amer. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 32 IS 2 BP 519 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8529(03)00010-0 PG 17 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 685BE UT WOS:000183240300012 PM 12800544 ER PT J AU Krinitzsky, EL AF Krinitzsky, EL TI "How to obtain earthquake ground motions for engineering designs" by Ellis L. Krinitzsky; Elsevier Engineering Geology Paper, 65 : 1-16 - Reply SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Krinitzsky, EL (reprint author), Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0013-7952 J9 ENG GEOL JI Eng. Geol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 69 IS 3-4 BP 413 EP 413 DI 10.1016/S0013-7952(02)00250-8 PG 1 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 681GR UT WOS:000183028900014 ER PT J AU Mualchin, L Krinitzsky, EL AF Mualchin, L Krinitzsky, EL TI A new and defective regulation in California for protecting critical buildings from earthquakes SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE California; code of regulations; critical buildings; essential facilities; earthquake ground motions AB The California Geological Survey issued a new regulatory directive specifying that critical buildings be designed for 50- and 100-year earthquakes obtained by probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). PSHA incorporates serious uncertainties. Chiefly, they are: (1) PSHA smears earthquakes together to produce motions that are unrealistic for any specific earthquake-generating fault source, (2) PSHA assumes there is an essentially log-linear predictability through time for both the sizes of earthquakes and their motions, although earthquake experiences deny this assumption, and (3) PSHA derives design values from an almost total lack of data on the recurrences that it claims to represent. Error bands for probabilistic motions, if honestly applied, would be so enormously broad that probabilistic values would be seen to be too uncertain as a rational basis for critical designs. Worse yet, the directive of the California Geological Survey has forced a de facto elimination of deterministic seismic hazard analysis (DSHA) from consideration. Yet, DSHA provides more logical, more transparent, more peer reviewable, and more dependable solutions than does PSHA. In summary, the new regulatory directive fails to provide the public in California with a necessary level of seismic safety. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn,Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Calif Dept Transportat, Engn Serv Ctr, Sacramento, CA 94274 USA. RP Krinitzsky, EL (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn,Geotech & Struct Lab, 3309 Highland Dr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0013-7952 J9 ENG GEOL JI Eng. Geol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 69 IS 3-4 BP 415 EP 419 DI 10.1016/S0013-7952(02)00243-0 PG 5 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 681GR UT WOS:000183028900015 ER PT J AU Logue, BA Westall, JC AF Logue, BA Westall, JC TI Kinetics of reduction of nitrobenzene and carbon tetrachloride at an iron-oxide coated gold electrode SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; DECHLORINATION; METAL; GROUNDWATER; TRANSPORT; FE(II) AB The rates of reduction of carbon tetrachloride (CT) and nitrobenzene (NB) by iron-oxide coated gold electrodes were studied to gain insight into the processes that control reduction of groundwater contaminants by zerovalent metal permeable reactive barriers. Fe(III)-oxide films were deposited on gold electrodes with a small fraction of the Fe(III) electrochemically reduced to Fe(II) to investigate the role of Fe(II) in the reduction of the CT and NB. Mass transport to the surface of the oxide film was controlled through use of a well-defined flow-through system similar to a wall-jet electrode. The factors affecting the overall reduction rate were investigated by varying the Fe(II) content in the iron-oxide, controlling mass transport of the electroactive species to the oxide surface, and varying the thickness of the oxide film. The rates of reduction of CT and NB were found to be independent of Fe(II) content in the iron-oxide and were only slightly dependent on the rate of transport to the surface of the oxide under a few sets of reaction conditions. Conversely, the rates of reduction were greatly dependent on the thickness of the oxide film, with the reduction rate decreasing as the oxide thickness increased. Evidence suggests that the location of the reduction reaction for CT and NB is at the gold surface and supports a barrier model for the system studied, in which the oxide film physically impedes direct contact of the electroactive species and the gold electrode, increases the diffusion path length, and creates adsorption sites. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Logue, BA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 11 BP 2356 EP 2362 DI 10.1021/es026472q PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 685CB UT WOS:000183242300029 PM 12831017 ER PT J AU Dunston, S Goodison, S Collins, JW AF Dunston, S Goodison, S Collins, JW TI Trends in the US army bioassay program for internally deposited radionuclides. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 84 IS 6 SU 2 BP S196 EP S196 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 683QE UT WOS:000183160000137 ER PT J AU Goodison, S Dunston, S AF Goodison, S Dunston, S TI US army guidance for deployed preventive medicine personnel on radiological health risk management. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 84 IS 6 SU 2 BP S225 EP S226 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 683QE UT WOS:000183160000222 ER PT J AU Johnson, R Durham, L Rieman, C AF Johnson, R Durham, L Rieman, C TI Adapting MARSSIM for FUSRAP site closure SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topic; contamination; decontamination; radioactivity, removal of AB The Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual (MARSSIM) provides a coherent, technically defensible process for establishing that exposed surfaces satisfy site cleanup requirements. Unfortunately, many sites have complications that challenge a direct application of MARSSIM. Example complications include Record of Decision (ROD) requirements that are not MARSSIM-friendly, the potential for subsurface contamination, and incomplete characterization information. These types of complications are typically the rule, rather than the exception, for sites undergoing radiologically-driven remediation and closure. One such site is the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) Linde site in Tonawanda, New York. Cleanup of the site is currently underway. The Linde site presented a number of challenges to designing and implementing a closure strategy consistent with MARSSIM. This paper discusses some of the closure issues confronted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Buffalo District at the Linde site and describes how MARSSIM protocols were adapted to address these issues. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Buffalo Dist, Buffalo, NY 14207 USA. RP Johnson, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Environm Assessment Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM rlj@anl.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 84 IS 6 SU 1 BP S111 EP S114 DI 10.1097/00004032-200306003-00005 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 683PK UT WOS:000183157800005 PM 12792400 ER PT J AU Jones, C Webb, B Melanson, M Alberth, D Daxon, E AF Jones, C Webb, B Melanson, M Alberth, D Daxon, E TI Managing a wide range of radiation sources worldwide: US Army Medical Command radiation safety program. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Proponency Off Prevent Med, San Antonio, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 84 IS 6 SU 2 BP S179 EP S179 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 683QE UT WOS:000183160000091 ER PT J AU Szrom, F Jones, CR Overturf, RG Moscato, PM Melanson, MA Alberth, MA AF Szrom, F Jones, CR Overturf, RG Moscato, PM Melanson, MA Alberth, MA TI US army ionizing radiation evaluations of mobile security inspection systems. SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA Solider Biol & Chem Command, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 84 IS 6 SU 2 BP S179 EP S179 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 683QE UT WOS:000183160000092 ER PT J AU Koprowski, D AF Koprowski, D TI Presidential decisions for war: Korea, Vietnam, and the Persian Gulf. SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Koprowski, D (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0018-2370 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD SUM PY 2003 VL 65 IS 4 BP 1004 EP 1005 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 688TC UT WOS:000183451400024 ER PT J AU Guttieri, MC Sinha, T Bookwalter, C Liang, MF Schmaljohn, CS AF Guttieri, MC Sinha, T Bookwalter, C Liang, MF Schmaljohn, CS TI Cassette vectors for conversion of fab fragments into full-length human IgG(1) monoclonal antibodies by expression in stably transformed insect SO HYBRIDOMA AND HYBRIDOMICS LA English DT Article ID BACULOVIRUS EXPRESSION; PUUMALA-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; VACCINIA VIRUS; CELLS; LIBRARIES; HANTAAN; MICE; SECRETION; SYSTEM AB Phage display technology allows for the production and rapid selection of antigen-specific, Fab antibody fragments. For purposes of immune therapy, though, complete antibodies that retain the Fc domain are often required. In this regard, we designed cassette vectors for converting human Fab fragments selected from combinatorial phage display libraries into full-length IgG(1) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Two expression vectors, pIEI-Light and pIEI-Heavy, were engineered to contain respective light- and heavy-chain human signal sequences downstream of the baculovirus immediate early gene promoter, IEI. Vector pIEI-Heavy also contains the coding region for each of the human IgG, constant domains. To generate complete antibody genes, the cassette vectors possess convenient restriction enzyme sites for rapid in-frame cloning of coding regions for full-length light chains in pIEI-Light and for the heavy-chain variable domains in pIEI-Heavy of Fab fragments. Using these constructs and a method that allows for stable transformation of insect cells, complete light- and heavy-chain genes can be inserted into the insect cell genome and subsequently expressed under the control of the baculovirus IEI promoter. This cassette vector system was used to generate stably transformed insect cells that continuously secreted functional full-length, IgG, MAbs. The expressed antibodies exhibited light and heavy chains of the appropriate molecular sizes and retained the ability to bind antigen. We conclude that our cassette vectors. could serve as valuable tools for generating human IgG, antibodies. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Dept Mol Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Guttieri, MC (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Dept Mol Virol, Bldg 1301, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0272-457X J9 HYBRIDOMA HYBRIDOM JI Hybrid. Hybridomics PD JUN PY 2003 VL 22 IS 3 BP 135 EP 145 DI 10.1089/153685903322286548 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 706KU UT WOS:000184453500001 PM 12954098 ER PT J AU Moursund, RA Carlson, TJ Peters, RD AF Moursund, RA Carlson, TJ Peters, RD TI A fisheries application of a dual-frequency identification sonar acoustic camera SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ICES Symposium on Acoustics in Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology CY JUN 10-14, 2002 CL MONTPELLIER, FRANCE SP ICES, Inst Rech Dev, IFREMER, Acoust Soc Amer, UK Inst Acoust, US Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Soc Francaise Acoust DE acoustic camera; DIDSON; hydropower limits; multibeam sonar AB The uses of an acoustic camera in fish-passage research at hydropower facilities are being explored by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The "Dual-Frequency Identification Sonar" (DIDSON) is a high-definition imaging sonar that obtains near-video quality images for the identification of objects underwater. Developed originally for the U.S. Navy by the University of Washington's Applied Physics Laboratory, it bridges the gap between existing fisheries-assessment sonar and optical systems. The images within 12 m of this acoustic camera are sufficiently clear such that fish can be observed undulating as they swim and their orientation ascertained in otherwise zero-visibility water. In the 1.8 MHz high-frequency mode, this system comprises 96 beams over a 29degrees field-of-view. The high resolution and fast frame rate provide target visualization in real time. The DIDSON can be used where conventional underwater cameras would be limited by low light levels and high turbidity. (C) 2003 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pacifi NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Battelle Portland Off, Portland, OR 97204 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Moursund, RA (reprint author), Pacifi NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN K6-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA. NR 5 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1054-3139 J9 ICES J MAR SCI JI ICES J. Mar. Sci. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 60 IS 3 BP 678 EP 683 DI 10.1016/S1054-3139(03)00036-5 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 694GT UT WOS:000183766600034 ER PT J AU Chan, SW Jin, Q Tsai, JWH Tidrow, SC Jiang, Q AF Chan, SW Jin, Q Tsai, JWH Tidrow, SC Jiang, Q TI Faceting and critical current densities of [001] high-angle tilt boundaries in YBCO films SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 04-09, 2002 CL HOUSTON, TEXAS SP Apple, Argonne Natl Lab, Florida State Univ, Ctr Adv Power Syst, Cingular Wireless, Council SuperCond Amer Competit, Hewlett Packard Co, Houston Adv Res Ctr, IEEE CSC Council Supercond, IISSC, Marimon, Naval Res Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Supercond & Adv Mat, US DOE, Div High Energy Phys, Univ Houston, Cullen Coll Engn, Univ Houston, Coll Nat Sci & Math, Univ Houston, Div Res, Wah Chang DE critical current density J(C); faceting; grain boundary; junctions; transmission electron microscopy ID GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; ORIENTATION DEPENDENCE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; PAIRING SYMMETRY; THIN-FILMS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; SUPERCONDUCTORS; BICRYSTALS; MISORIENTATION; FLUX AB The [001] high-angle tilt boundaries in YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) thin films deposited on SrTiO3 (STO) bicrystal substrates have been studied by Scanning Squid Microscopy (SSM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Generally critical current density across a boundary decreases with increasing misorientation. However, misorientation angle is found to be insufficient to predict the J(c) behavior of a YBCO grain boundary. The two inclination angles of the adjacent grains are found to be important parameters. In two separate cases of same misoreintation but different inclinations, the boundaries exhibit drastically different superconducting behaviors and this has been observed by SSM imaging of Josephson vortices. The YBCO film boundary is not an exact copy of the design boundary of the substrate bierystal template. YBCO boundaries meander due to island formation during film growth. These microscopically wavy boundaries contain straight segments of atomistic facets. Three energetic criteria that affect faceting have been identified. The particular criterion that a facet plane cannot be too deviated from the design boundary plane (phi < 28degrees) explains the strong effect of the design inclination, angles on J(c) despite extensive faceting. The original scattered values of J(c) each calculated from individual fluxes of the same design boundary are likely to be a bona fide effect corresponding to individual facet having its own J(c) and lambda(j) values. C1 Columbia Univ, Mat Sci Program, APAM, HKSM, New York, NY USA. Army Res Lab, Aldephi, MD USA. Univ Houston, Texas Superconduct Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Chan, SW (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mat Sci Program, APAM, HKSM, New York, NY USA. RI Tidrow, Steven/C-8133-2013 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 13 IS 2 BP 2829 EP 2833 DI 10.1109/TASC.2003.812022 PN 3 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 702UH UT WOS:000184242400100 ER PT J AU Rand, RS Keenan, DM AF Rand, RS Keenan, DM TI Spatially smooth partitioning of hyperspectral imagery using spectral/spatial measures of disparity SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Gibbs distribution; hyperspectral; Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic; Markov random field; partitioning; spectral angle; unsupervised and supervised classification AB A Bayesian approach to partitioning hyperspectral imagery into homogeneous regions is investigated, where spatial consistency is imposed on the spectral content of sites in each partition. An energy function is investigated that models disparities in an image that are defined with respect to a local neighborhood system. this energy function uses one or certain combinations of the spectral angled Euclidean distance, and/or Kolmogorov-Smirnov (mean-adjusted) measures. Maximum a posteriori estimates are computed using aim algorithm that is implemented as a multigrid process to improve global labeling and reduce computational intensity. Both constrained and unconstrained multigrid approaches are considered. A locally extended neighborhood structure is introduced with the, intention of encouraging more accurate global labeling. The present effort is focused on terrain mapping applications using hyperspectral imagery containing narrow bands throughout the 400-2500-nm spectral region. The trials of our experiment are conducted on a scene from HYDICE 210-band imagery collected over an area that contains a diverse range of terrain features and that is supported with ground truth. Quantitative measures of local consistency (smoothness) and global labeling, along with class maps, demonstrate the benefits of applying this method for unsupervised and supervised classification, where the best results are achieved with an energy function consisting of the combined spectral angle and Euclidean distance measures. C1 US Dept Army, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, US Corps Engineers, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22135 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Stat, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA. RP Rand, RS (reprint author), US Dept Army, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, US Corps Engineers, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA 22135 USA. NR 10 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JUN PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1479 EP 1490 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2003.811816 PN 1 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 711YM UT WOS:000184768700037 ER PT J AU Fishbain, JT Lee, JC Nguyen, HD Mikita, JA Mikita, CP Uyehara, CFT Hospenthal, DR AF Fishbain, JT Lee, JC Nguyen, HD Mikita, JA Mikita, CP Uyehara, CFT Hospenthal, DR TI Nosocomial transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A blinded study to establish baseline acquisition rates SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; INFECTION-CONTROL MEASURES; HOSPITAL OUTBREAK; RISK; ERADICATION; MRSA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDREN; WARD AB OBJECTIVE: To define the extent of nosocomial transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients admitted to a tertiary-care hospital. DESIGN: A blinded, prospective surveillance culture study of patients admitted to the hospital to determine the transmission (acquisition) rate of MRSA. Risk factors associated with the likelihood of MRSA colonization on admission were investigated. SETTING: Tertiary-care military medical facility. PARTICIPANTS: All patients admitted to, the medicine, surgery, and pediatric wards, and to the medical, surgical, and pediatric intensive care units were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS: Five hundred thirty-five admission and 374 discharge samples were collected during the study period. One hundred forty-one patients were colonized with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and 20 patients (3.7%) were colonized with MRSA on admission. Of the 354 susceptible patients, 6 acquired MRSA during the study for a transmission rate of 1.7%. Patients colonized with MRSA on admission were more likely to be older than non-colonized or MSSA-colonized patients, to have received antibiotics within the past year, to have been hospitalized within the prior 3 years, or to have a known history of MRSA. Patients acquiring MRSA had an average hospital stay of 17.7 days compared with 5.3 days for those who did not acquire MRSA. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the 6 MRSA isolates from patients who acquired MRSA revealed 4 distinct band patterns. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients colonized with MRSA were identified on admission samples. Surveillance cultures of patients admitted may help to prevent MRSA transmission and infection. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Fishbain, JT (reprint author), Infect Dis Serv, Ward 63,Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 31 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 24 IS 6 BP 415 EP 421 DI 10.1086/502224 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 689UE UT WOS:000183510700005 PM 12828317 ER PT J AU Kenner, J O'Connor, T Piantanida, N Fishbain, J Eberly, B Viscount, H Uyehara, C Hospenthal, D AF Kenner, J O'Connor, T Piantanida, N Fishbain, J Eberly, B Viscount, H Uyehara, C Hospenthal, D TI Rates of carriage of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in an outpatient population SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; NASAL CARRIAGE; COMMUNITY; INFECTION; CHILDREN; COLONIZATION; BACTEREMIA; MRSA AB OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of and the clinical features associated with asymptomatic Staphylococcus aureus colonization in a healthy outpatient population, and to compare the characteristics of colonizing methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains with those of strains causing infection in our community and hospital. SETTING: Outpatient military clinics. METHODS: Specimens were obtained from the nares, pharynx, and axillae of 404 outpatients, and a questionnaire was administered to obtain demographic and risk factor information. MRSA strains were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and evaluated for antibiotic susceptibility. Antibiograms of study MRSA strains were compared with those of MRSA strains causing clinical illness during the same time period. RESULTS: Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) colonization was present in 153 (38%) of the 404 asymptomatic out-patients, and MRSA colonization was present in 8 (2%). Detection of colonization was highest from the nares. No clinical risk factor was significantly associated with MRSA colonization; however, a tendency was noted for MRSA to be more common in men and in those who were older or who had been recently hospitalized. All colonizing MRSA strains had unique patterns on PFGE. In contrast to strains responsible for hospital infections, most colonizing isolates of MRSA were susceptible to oral antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: MRSA and MSSA colonization is common in our outpatient population. Colonization is best detected by nares cultures and most carriers of MRSA are without apparent predisposing risk factors for acquisition. Colonizing isolates of MRSA are heterogeneous and, unlike nosocomial isolates, often retain susceptibility to other non-beta-lactam antibiotics. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. USA, Hlth Clin, Schofield Barracks, Schofield, HI USA. RP Kenner, J (reprint author), 1006 Koohoo Pl, Kailua, HI 96734 USA. NR 34 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 24 IS 6 BP 439 EP 444 DI 10.1086/502229 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 689UE UT WOS:000183510700010 PM 12828322 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Carpin, LB Moran, TS Forster, JS AF Sciuto, AM Carpin, LB Moran, TS Forster, JS TI Chronological changes in electrolyte levels in arterial blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in mice after exposure to an edemagenic gas SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALVEOLAR EPITHELIAL ION; NA-TRANSPORT; PHOSGENE AB Detection of acute lung injury is important if therapeutic medical countermeasures are to be used to reduce toxicity in a timely manner. Indicators of injury may aid in the eventual treatment course and enhance the odds of a positive outcome following a toxic exposure. This study was designed to investigate the effects of a toxic exposure to the industrial irritant gas phosgene on the electrolyte levels in arterial blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Phosgene is a well-known chemical intermediate capable of producing life-threatening pulmonary edema within hours after exposure. Four groups of 40 Crl:CD-1(ICR) BR male mice were exposed whole-body to either air or phosgene at a concentration x time (c x t) amount of 32-42 mg/m(3) (8-11 ppm) phosgene for 20 min (640-840 mg.min/m(3)). BALF from air- or phosgene-exposed mice was taken at 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, or 72 h postexposure. After euthanasia, the trachea was excised, and 800 mul saline was instilled into the lungs. The lungs were washed 5 x. Eighty microliters of BALF was placed in a cartridge and inserted into a clinical i-STAT analyzer. Na+, Cl-, K+, and ionized Ca2+ were analyzed. Arterial blood electrolyte levels were also analyzed in four additional groups of air- or phosgene-exposed mice. The left lung was removed to determine wet weight (WW), an indicator of pulmonary edema. Na+ was significantly higher in air than in phosgene-exposed mice at 4, 8, and 12 h postexposure. Temporal changes in BALF Cl in phosgene mice were not statistically different from those in the air mice. Both Ca2+ and K+ were significantly higher than in the air- exposed mice over 72 h, p less than or equal to. 03 and p less than or equal to. 001 (two-way analysis of variance, ANOVA), respectively. Significant changes in BALF K+ and Ca2+ occurred as early as 4 h postexposure in phosgene, p less than or equal to.005, versus air- exposed mice. Over time, there were no significant changes in arterial blood levels of Na+, Cl-, or Ca2+ for animals exposed to air versus phosgene. However, arterial K+ concentrations were significantly higher, p less than or equal to. 05, than in air- exposed mice across all time points, with the highest K+ levels of 7 mmol/L occurring at 8 h and 24 h after exposure. Phosgene caused a time-dependent significant increase in WW from 4 to 12 h, p less than or equal to. 025, compared with air-exposed mice. These data demonstrate that measuring blood K+ levels 1 h after exposure along with BALF Na+, K+, and Ca2+ may serve as an alternate indicators of lung injury since both K+ and Ca2+ follow temporal increases in air- blood barrier permeability as measured by wet weight. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch,MCMR UV PN, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch,MCMR UV PN, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 15 IS 7 BP 663 EP 674 DI 10.1080/08958370390197308 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 682DC UT WOS:000183075200003 PM 12754688 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Cascio, MB Moran, TS Forster, JS AF Sciuto, AM Cascio, MB Moran, TS Forster, JS TI The fate of antioxidant enzymes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid over 7 days in mice with acute lung injury SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; GLUTATHIONE; PHOSGENE; CELLS AB Characterization of lung injury is important if timely therapeutic intervention is to be used properly and successfully. In this study, lung injury was defined as the progressive formation of pulmonary edema. Our model gas was phosgene, a pulmonary edemagenic compound. Phosgene, widely used in industry, can produce life-threatening pulmonary edema within hours of exposure. Four groups of 40 CD-1 male mice were exposed whole-body to either air or a concentration x time (c x t) amount of 32-42 mg/m(3) (8-11 ppm) phosgene for 20 min (640-840 mg.min/m(3)). Groups of air- or phosgene-exposed mice were euthanized 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, or 72 h or 7 days postexposure. The trachea was excised, and 800 mul saline was instilled into the lungs and washed back and forth 5 times to collect bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase ( SOD), total glutathione (GSH), and protein were determined at each time point. Phosgene exposure significantly enhanced both GPx and GR in phosgene- exposed mice compared with air- exposed mice from 4 to 72 h, p less than or equal to. 01 and p less than or equal to. 005, respectively. BALF GSH was also significantly increased, p less than or equal to.01, from 4 to 24 h after exposure, in comparison with air- exposed. BALF protein, an indicator of air/blood barrier integrity, was significantly higher than in air- exposed mice 4 h to 7 days after exposure. In contrast, BALF SOD was reduced by phosgene exposure from 4 to 24 h, p less than or equal to.01, versus air- exposed mice. Except for protein, all parameters returned to control levels by 7 days postexposure. These data indicate that the lung has the capacity to repair itself within 24 - 48 h after exposure by reestablishing a functional GSH redox system despite increased protein leakage. SOD reduction during increased leakage may indicate that barrier integrity is affected by superoxide anion production. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch,MCMR UV PN, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch,MCMR UV PN, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 27 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 15 IS 7 BP 675 EP 685 DI 10.1080/08958370390197245 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 682DC UT WOS:000183075200004 PM 12754689 ER PT J AU Sciuto, AM Clapp, DL Hess, ZA Moran, TS AF Sciuto, AM Clapp, DL Hess, ZA Moran, TS TI The temporal profile of cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in mice exposed to the industrial gas phosgene SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; INDUCED LUNG INJURY; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; TNF-ALPHA; IN-VIVO; MECHANISMS; PERMEABILITY; INHALATION; PARTICLES AB Diagnosis of an exposure to airborne toxicants can be problematic. Phosgene is used widely in industry for the production of many synthetic products, such as polyfoam rubber, plastics, and dyes. Although nearly 100% of the gas is consumed during processing, there is the potential problem of accidental or even intentional exposure to this irritant/ choking agent. Exposure to phosgene has been known to cause latent life-threatening pulmonary edema. A major problem is that there is a clinical latency phase from 3 to 24 h in people before irreversible acute lung injury occurs. Assessment of markers of acute lung injury after a suspected exposure would be useful in developing rational treatment strategies. These experiments were designed to assess bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for the presence of the early markers of exposure to phosgene in mice from 1 to 72 h after exposure. Separate groups of 40 CD-1 male mice (Crl: CD-1(ICR) BR) weighing 29 +/- 1 g were exposed whole-body to either air or a concentration x time (c x t) amount of 32 mg/m(3) (8 ppm) phosgene for 20 min (640 mg.min/m(3)). BALF from air- or phosgene-exposed mice was taken at 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h postexposure. After euthanasia, the trachea was excised, and 800 mul saline was instilled into the lungs and washed 5 x. BALF was assessed for interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, IL-1beta, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, and IL-10. At 4 h postexposure, IL-6 was 15-fold higher for phosgene-exposed mice than for the time-matched air-exposed control group. At 8 and 12 h, IL-6, IL-1beta, MIP-2, and IL-10 were significantly higher in phosgene-exposed mice than in time-matched air-exposed controls, p less than or equal to. 05 to p less than or equal to. 001, whereas TNFalpha reached peak significance from 24 to 72 h. IL-4 was significantly lower in the phosgene-exposed mice than in the air- exposed mice from 4 to 8 h after exposure. These data show that BALF is an important tool in assessing pro- and anti-inflammatory markers of phosgene-induced acute lung injury and that knowledge of these temporal changes may allow for timely treatment strategies to be applied. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch,MCMR UV PN, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Neurotoxicol Branch,MCMR UV PN, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 41 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 15 IS 7 BP 687 EP 700 DI 10.1080/08958370390197254 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 682DC UT WOS:000183075200005 PM 12754690 ER PT J AU Rogers, CJ AF Rogers, CJ TI War and the state in early modern Europe: Spain, the Dutch Republic, and Sweden as fiscal-military states, 1500-1660. SO INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rogers, CJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIMON FRASER UNIV, INT HISTORY REVIEW PI BURNABY PA EAA 2015, BURNABY, BC V5A 1S6, CANADA SN 0707-5332 J9 INT HIST REV JI Int. Hist. Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 25 IS 2 BP 397 EP 399 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 692RL UT WOS:000183674000018 ER PT J AU Kollars, TM Oliver, JH Wongkalasin, K AF Kollars, TM Oliver, JH Wongkalasin, K TI Variation in the flagellin gene detected by heteroduplex mobility assay of five Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains isolated from ticks (Acari : Ixodidae) collected in Missouri, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acari; ticks; Amblyomma; Ixodes; Borrelia; Lyme disease; polymerase chain reaction ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; LYME-DISEASE; IDENTIFICATION; AGENT AB 350bp segments of the flagellin gene of five isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were compared to B. burgdorferi B-31 and B. andersonii using polymerase chain reaction and heteroduplex mobility assay. Borrelia andersonii and B. burgdorferi were 99.1% similar in mobility. All of the isolates, MOD-1, 2, 3, 5, and 6, were from one farm in southeastern Missouri; four were isolated from Ixodes dentatus and one (MOD-6) was isolated from Amblyomma americanum. The amplified product of MOD-2 was identical (100%) to B. andersonii; MOD-1 and MOD-3 were very similar (99.8%) to B. andersonii, and MOD-5 was 99.7% similar to B. burgdorferi B-31. MOD-6 was the most divergent of the Missouri isolates from both B-31 (98.5%) and B. andersonii (99.3%). This study demostrates the usefulness of the heteroduplex mobility assay as a tool for rapidly identifying genetic variation among Borrelia strains. C1 US Army Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Georgia So Univ, Inst Arthropodol & Parasitol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. RP Kollars, TM (reprint author), US Army Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIRA PUBLISHING HOUSE PI WEST BLOOMFIELD PA P O BOX 250456, WEST BLOOMFIELD, MI 48325-0456 USA SN 0164-7954 J9 INT J ACAROL JI Int. J. Acarol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 29 IS 2 BP 145 EP 147 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 684MN UT WOS:000183211300009 ER PT J AU Dzindolet, MT Peterson, SA Pomranky, RA Pierce, LG Beck, HP AF Dzindolet, MT Peterson, SA Pomranky, RA Pierce, LG Beck, HP TI The role of trust in automation reliance SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual Technology and Human Performance Conference CY OCT, 2001 CL SAVANNAH, GEORGIA DE automation trust; automation reliance; misuse; disuse ID SELF-CONFIDENCE; SYSTEMS; TASK; ALLOCATION; DESIGN; MISUSE; DISUSE AB A recent and dramatic increase in the use of automation has not yielded comparable improvements in performance. Researchers have found human operators often underutilize (disuse) and overly rely on (misuse) automated aids (Parasuraman and Riley, 1997). Three studies were performed with Cameron University students to explore the relationship among automation reliability, trust, and reliance. With the assistance of an automated decision aid, participants viewed slides of Fort Sill terrain and indicated the presence or absence of a camouflaged soldier. Results from the three studies indicate that trust is an important factor in understanding automation reliance decisions. Participants initially considered the automated decision aid trustworthy and reliable. After observing the automated aid make errors, participants distrusted even reliable aids, unless an explanation was provided regarding why the aid might err. Knowing why the aid might err increased trust in the decision aid and increased automation reliance, even when the trust was unwarranted. Our studies suggest a need for future research focused on understanding automation use, examining individual differences in automation reliance, and developing valid and reliable self-report measures of trust in automation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Cameron Univ, Dept Psychol, Lawton, OK 73505 USA. Army Res Lab, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. Appalachian State Univ, Dept Psychol, Boone, NC 28608 USA. RP Dzindolet, MT (reprint author), Cameron Univ, Dept Psychol, 2800 Gore Blvd, Lawton, OK 73505 USA. NR 42 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 2 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1071-5819 J9 INT J HUM-COMPUT ST JI Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 58 IS 6 BP 697 EP 718 DI 10.1016/S1071-5819(03)00038-7 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering; Psychology GA 684TC UT WOS:000183221800004 ER PT J AU Ko, DJ Gu, YP Yasunaga, Y Nakamura, K Srivastava, S Moul, JW Sesterhenn, IA McLeod, DG Arnstein, P Taylor, DO Hukku, B Rhim, JS AF Ko, DJ Gu, YP Yasunaga, Y Nakamura, K Srivastava, S Moul, JW Sesterhenn, IA McLeod, DG Arnstein, P Taylor, DO Hukku, B Rhim, JS TI A novel neoplastic primary tumor-derived human prostate epithelial cell line SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE primary human prostate epithelial cell line; tumorigenic; HPV-16 E6E7 ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; TELOMERASE ACTIVITY; CANCER; IMMORTALIZATION; INSULIN; PROGRESSION; HPV-18; DNA AB Research into molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying prostate carcinogenesis would be greatly advanced by in vitro models of prostate tumors representing primary tumors. The generation of immortalized primary prostate cancer cells that will accurately reflect the in situ characteristics of malignant epithelium is greatly needed. We have successfully established a neoplastic immortalized human prostate epithelial (HPE) cell culture derived from a primary tumor. The RC-9 cells transduced through infection with a retrovirus vector expressing the E6 and E7 genes (E6E7) of human papilloma virus-16 (HPV-16) are currently growing well at passage 40, whereas RC-9 cells senesced at passage 7. RC-9/E6E7 cells exhibit epithelial morphology and high level of telomerase activity. More importantly, these immortalized cells produced tumors (SCID5038D) when inoculated into SCID mice. RC-9/E6E7 cells and SCID5038D cells exhibit a high level of telomerase activity and androgen-responsiveness when treated with R1881. Expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA), androgen receptor (AR), prostate stem cell anti-en (PSCA), an androgen-regulated prostate specific gene (NKX3.1), p16, cytokeratins 8, 15 and HPV-16 E6 gene was detected in both of these cells. RC-9/E6E7 and SCID5038D cells also showed growth inhibition when exposed to retinoic acid and transforming, growth factor (TGF)-beta1, potent inhibitors of prostate epithelial cell growth. A number of chromosome alterations were observed including, the loss of chromosomes 2p, 3p, 8p, 13. 14. 16. 17. 18, 21 and the cyam of 7 and 20 in the tumor cell line (SCID5038D). These results demonstrate that this primary tumor-derived HPE cell line retained its neoplastic phenotypes and its prostate-specific markets and should allow studies to elucidate molecular and genetic alterations involved in prostate cancer. This is the first documented case of a malignant AR and PSA positive established human prostate cancer cell line from a primary tumor of a prostate cancer patient. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. State Calif, Dept Hlth Serv, Berkeley, CA USA. Cell Culture Characterizat Serv, Orion Township, MI USA. RP Rhim, JS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROFESSOR D A SPANDIDOS PI ATHENS PA 1, S MERKOURI ST, EDITORIAL OFFICE,, ATHENS 116 35, GREECE SN 1019-6439 J9 INT J ONCOL JI Int. J. Oncol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1311 EP 1317 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 680EM UT WOS:000182963400018 PM 12738999 ER PT J AU Schoenfeld, SE Wright, TW AF Schoenfeld, SE Wright, TW TI A failure criterion based on material instability SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE adiabatic shear bands; failure modeling ID ADIABATIC SHEAR BANDS; STRAIN-RATE; SOLIDS; STEEL; SUSCEPTIBILITY; LOCALIZATION; IMPACT; PLATES; SPEED; MODEL AB Scaling laws for adiabatic shear bands are used to parameterize a model that is suitable for introducing shear damage within engineering calculations. One-dimensional solutions to the governing equations for a single shear band provide laws that connect the driving deformation, the imperfections, and the physical characteristics of the material to the process of stress collapse [International Journal of Plasticity 8 (1992) 583, Mechanics of Materials 17 (1994) 215]. The Current model uses homogeneous material response and the scaling laws to anticipate the correct timing beyond the maximum stress at which stress collapse should occur. The model is implemented into a finite element code for wave propagation and used in the analysis of boundary value problems that are dominated by shear failure. Finally, implications of the model for simulations of material failure are discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Schoenfeld, SE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM scotts@arl.army.mil; tww@arl.army.mil NR 39 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 40 IS 12 BP 3021 EP 3037 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00059-3 PG 17 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 684PU UT WOS:000183216400007 ER PT J AU DeMers, LD LeBlanc, JZ AF DeMers, LD LeBlanc, JZ TI Louisiana systems take on the optimization challenge SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Proc Applicat Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, New Orleans, LA 70160 USA. RP DeMers, LD (reprint author), Proc Applicat Inc, 2627 Redwing Rd,Ste 340, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 0003-150X J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 95 IS 6 BP 48 EP + PG 4 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 688QT UT WOS:000183447800009 ER PT J AU Bose, M AF Bose, M TI Another such victory: President Truman and the Cold War, 1945-1953. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bose, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 90 IS 1 BP 286 EP 287 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 691CP UT WOS:000183587500104 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Nothwang, WD Hubbard, C Ngo, E Ervin, M AF Cole, MW Nothwang, WD Hubbard, C Ngo, E Ervin, M TI Low dielectric loss and enhanced tunability of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 based thin films via material compositional design and optimized film processing methods SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; PHASE SHIFTERS; CAPACITORS; MICROSTRUCTURE; RF; STRAIN; LAYERS; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE AB Low dielectric loss in conjunction with high tunability are simultaneous requirements for tunable device applications which have proved problematic to achieve. In this work, material compositional design and optimized film processing methods were employed to simultaneously lower the dielectric loss and enhance the, dielectric tunability of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) based thin films without compromising the device impedance matching (epsilon(r)<500) and control voltage (<10 V) requirements. The films compositional design was achieved by Mg doping BST from 3 to 10 mol The Mg doped thin films were fabricated via the metalorganic solution deposition technique using carboxylate-alkoxide precursors and postdeposition annealing in an oxygen ambience at 750 degreesC for 60 min. The films dielectric loss at these doping levels was identical, tan deltasimilar to0.007. In contrast, the films permittivity (339-220), leakage current density (2.55 x 10(-8)- 2.43 x 10(-9) A/cm(2)), tunability (21.3%-5.7%), and grain size (75.2-61.55 nm) were observed to decrease with increasing Mg, concentration levels from 3 to 10 mol %, respectively. Device quality values of tunability, 40% and 32%, for the 3 and 7 mol % doped BST films, respectively, were achieved by elevating the applied bias from 237 to 474 kV/cm. This device quality tuning is compatible with voltage requirements of current semiconductor based systems. Our results suggest that the low level acceptor doping from 3 to 7 mol %, optimized precursor solution concentration (0.43 M), and oxygenated postdeposition thermal processing were found to work in concert to lower dielectric loss, limit defect density concentration, optimize film microstructure, and eliminate undesirable film/electrode interfacial phases. As a result, high quality BST thin films, with their resultant high breakdown fields, were realized. It is the excellent film quality (i.e., optimized composition and microstructure), which allowed the enhanced tunability at elevated dc bias to be achieved without risk of dielectric breakdown. The enhanced dielectric and insulating properties of the 3-7 mol % Mg doped BST thin films make them excellent candidates for integration into tunable devices. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 36 TC 192 Z9 200 U1 0 U2 39 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 11 BP 9218 EP 9225 DI 10.1063/1.1569392 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 683JE UT WOS:000183144300060 ER PT J AU Beekman, CS Christensen, AF AF Beekman, CS Christensen, AF TI Controlling for doubt and uncertainty through multiple lines of evidence: A new look at the Mesoamerican Nahua migrations SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL METHOD AND THEORY LA English DT Review DE anthropology; Mesoamerica; migration; Aztec; Nahua ID CENTRAL MEXICO; CENTRAL-EUROPE; MESO-AMERICA; UTO-AZTECAN; SETTLEMENT; PATTERNS; BASIN; COLONIZATION; TEOTIHUACAN; PREHISTORY AB Nahuatl represents a relatively recent extension of the Uto-Aztecan language family into Mesoamerica. Ethnohistorians have linked Nahuatl's arrival to the historically attested migrations of nomadic people into central Mexico in the last centuries before the Spanish Conquest. Archaeologists have tended to treat migration as an explanation for a change in material culture rather than a social question to be examined theoretically. We approach this migration through the comparison of multiple data sets and conclude that what has previously been treated as a historical event is instead part of a longer term process tying together Mesoamerica's northern periphery with its highland core. While we find that certain themes from migration theory are reflected in this preindustrial migration as well, other variables are unique and bode well for archaeology's ability to address and contribute to theoretical issues relating to migration. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. USA, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI USA. RP Beekman, CS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Campus Box 103,POB 173364, Denver, CO 80217 USA. EM cbeekman@carbon.cudenver.edu NR 213 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1072-5369 J9 J ARCHAEOL METHOD TH JI J. Archaeol. Method Theory PD JUN PY 2003 VL 10 IS 2 BP 111 EP 164 DI 10.1023/A:1024519712257 PG 54 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 706MR UT WOS:000184457900002 ER PT J AU Bojescul, JA Xenos, JS Callaghan, JJ Savory, CG AF Bojescul, JA Xenos, JS Callaghan, JJ Savory, CG TI Results of porous-coated anatomic totalhip arthroplasty without cement at fifteen years - A concise follow-up of a previous report SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this study was to update the results of a prospective series of primary cementless total hip arthroplasties after a minimum of fifteen years of follow-up. It is one of the first studies of cementless total hip arthroplasties followed for a minimum of fifteen years. One hundred consecutive Porous Coated Anatomic (PCA) total hip replacements were implanted between October 1983 and January 1986. Fifty-five patients (sixty-four hips) that were alive at a minimum of fifteen years postoperatively are the focus of the present study. At this time of follow-up, at an average of 15.6 years (range, fifteen to seventeen years) after the total hip arthroplasty, 17% (seventeen hips) of the entire cohort and 23% (fifteen hips) of the living cohort had undergone revision because of loosening of the acetabular component or osteolysis. Seven percent (seven hips) of the entire cohort and 6% (four hips) of the living cohort had undergone revision for loosening of the femoral component or osteolysis. Only four femoral stems had been revised for isolated loosening (without osteolysis). The PCA femoral component proved to be durable at a minimum of fifteen years postoperatively, while the acetabular component was less durable. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic study, Level I (case series [no, or historical, control group]). See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Callaghan, JJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 01073 JPP,200 Hawkins Dr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 85A IS 6 BP 1079 EP 1083 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 684LM UT WOS:000183208900015 PM 12784006 ER PT J AU Agrawal, PM Rice, BM Thompson, DL AF Agrawal, PM Rice, BM Thompson, DL TI Molecular dynamics study of the effects of voids and pressure in defect-nucleated melting simulations SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISLOCATION MECHANISM; PURE THEORY; ARGON; CURVES; ELEMENTS AB The defect-nucleated melting of Ar has been simulated by the gradual heating of lattices that contain voids using isobaric molecular dynamics. The criterion given by Solca [Chem. Phys. 224, 253 (1997)] has been used to determine the melting point from the transition temperature versus void size curve. A crystal containing a single void created by the removal of an atom and its nearest (n - 1) neighboring atoms was found to give almost the same melting temperature as a crystal containing n randomly distributed single-atom voids. The melting temperature is insensitive to the shape of the void. The critical void size, beyond which there is a sudden drop in the melting temperature, decreases with pressure. At various values of pressures ranging from 0.094 to 531.6 kbar the melting points are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results and with thermodynamic results using the same exp-6 potential. The results are consistent with the Lindemann criterion of melting and in better agreement with the Lindemann criterion than are the thermodynamic results. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,BD,Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Agrawal, PM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 24 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 118 IS 21 BP 9680 EP 9688 DI 10.1063/1.1570815 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 678WQ UT WOS:000182890000027 ER PT J AU Forney, JR Wongsrichanalai, C Magill, AJ Craig, LG Sirichaisinthop, J Bautista, CT Miller, RS Ockenhouse, CF Kester, KE Aronson, NE Andersen, EM Quino-Ascurra, HA Vidal, C Moran, KA Murray, CK DeWitt, CC Heppner, DG Kain, KC Ballou, WR Gasser, RA AF Forney, JR Wongsrichanalai, C Magill, AJ Craig, LG Sirichaisinthop, J Bautista, CT Miller, RS Ockenhouse, CF Kester, KE Aronson, NE Andersen, EM Quino-Ascurra, HA Vidal, C Moran, KA Murray, CK DeWitt, CC Heppner, DG Kain, KC Ballou, WR Gasser, RA TI Devices for rapid diagnosis of malaria: Evaluation of prototype assays that detect Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 and a Plasmodium vivax-specific antigen SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID P.F/P.V IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PARASIGHT-F; NONIMMUNE TRAVELERS; FIELD-EVALUATION; UNITED-KINGDOM; DIPSTICK TESTS; PCR; MICROSCOPY; MANAGEMENT AB The ParaSight F test was developed as a pioneer industry effort in the large-scale, process-controlled production of a device for the rapid diagnosis of malaria. This device performed well in field settings but was limited to the detection of a single malaria species, Plasmodium falciparum. The ParaSight F+V assay advanced upon the ParaSight F test format by incorporating a monoclonal antibody directed against a proprietary Plasmodium vivax-specific antigen, in addition to the antibody directed against P. falciparum histidine-rich protein 2, which was used in the ParaSight F assay. The modified assay was developed to add the capability to detect P. falciparum and P. vivax in a single-test-strip format. The present study evaluated three distinct ParaSight F+V prototypes with samples from symptomatic patients in regions of Thailand and Peru where malaria is endemic. Over a 2-year enrollment period (1998 and 1999), a total of 4,894 patients consented to participation in the study. Compared with the results for duplicate microscopic examinations of Giemsa-stained blood smears as the reference diagnostic standard, each successive prototype showed substantial improvement in performance. The final ParaSight F+V prototype, evaluated in 1999, had an overall sensitivity for detection of asexual P. falciparum parasites of 98%. The sensitivity of the device was 100% for P. falciparum densities of >500 parasites/mul, with a sensitivity of 83% for parasite densities of :less than or equal to500/mul. The specificity for the exclusion of P. falciparum was 93%. For P. vivax, the overall sensitivity was 87% for the final 1999 prototype. The sensitivities calculated for different levels of P. vivax parasitemia were 99% for parasite densities of >5,000/mul, 92% for parasite densities of 1,001 to 5,000/mul, 94% for parasite densities of 501 to 1,000/mul, and 55% for parasite densities of 1 to 500/mul. The specificity for the exclusion of P. vivax was 87%. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the diagnostic performance of the assay for the detection of P. falciparum and P. vivax were 0.8907 and 0.8522, respectively. These findings indicate that assays for rapid diagnosis have the potential to enhance diagnostic capabilities in those instances in which skilled microscopy is not readily available. C1 US Mil Acad, ATTN MADN C&LS, COL Forney, Official Mail & Distribuat Ctr, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Vector Born Dis Control Off, Phrabuddhabat, Saraburi, Thailand. Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. Hosp Apoyo, Iquitos, Peru. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Toronto Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Forney, JR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, ATTN MADN C&LS, COL Forney, Official Mail & Distribuat Ctr, 646 Swift Rd, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; NR 44 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 BP 2358 EP 2366 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.6.2358-2366.2003 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 688ZB UT WOS:000183466200015 PM 12791849 ER PT J AU Horvath, LL Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Dooley, DP AF Horvath, LL Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Dooley, DP TI Direct isolation of Candida spp. from blood cultures on the chromogenic medium CHROMagar Candida SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS; PRESUMPTIVE IDENTIFICATION; YEAST IDENTIFICATION; CLINICAL SPECIMENS; STREAM INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; ALBICANS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SAMPLES AB CHROMagar Candida is a selective and differential chromogenic medium that has been shown to be useful for identification of Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, and perhaps Candida glabrata. Colony morphology and color have been well defined when CHROMagar Candida has been used to isolate yeast directly from clinical specimens, including stool, urine, respiratory, vaginal, oropharyngeal, and esophageal sources. Direct isolation of yeast on CHROMagar Candida from blood cultures has not been evaluated. We evaluated whether the color and colony characteristics produced by Candida spp. on CHROMagar Candida were altered when yeasts were isolated directly from blood cultures. Fifty clinical isolates of Candida were inoculated into aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles and incubated at 35degreesC in an automated blood culture system. When growth was detected, an aliquot was removed and plated onto CHROMagar Candida. As a control, CHROMagar Candida plates were inoculated with the same isolate of yeast grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar simultaneously. No significant difference was detected in color or colony morphology between the blood and control isolates in any of the tested organisms. All C. albicans (n = 12), C. tropicalis (n = 12), C. glabrata (n = 9), and C. krusei (n = 5) isolates exhibited the expected species-specific colony characteristics and color, whether isolated directly from blood or from control cultures. CHROMagar Candida can be reliably used for direct isolation of yeast from blood cultures. Direct isolation could allow mycology laboratories to more rapidly identify Candida spp., enable clinicians to more quickly make antifungal agent selections, and potentially decrease patient morbidity and mortality. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, MDI, MCHE, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Horvath, LL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MDI, MCHE, Dept Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 BP 2629 EP 2632 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.6.2629-2632.2003 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 688ZB UT WOS:000183466200056 PM 12791890 ER PT J AU D'Amico, AV Moul, J Carroll, PR Sun, L Lubeck, D Chen, MH AF D'Amico, AV Moul, J Carroll, PR Sun, L Lubeck, D Chen, MH TI Cancer-specific mortality after surgery or radiation for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer managed during the prostate-specific antigen era SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; DISEASE RECURRENCE; THERAPY; BIOPSIES; SURVIVAL; DATABASE; UTILITY; CAPSURE AB Purpose: To determine whether pretreatment risk groups shown to predict time to prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) after treatment at a single institution retained that ability in a multi-institutional setting. Patients and Methods: From 1988 to 2002, 7,316 patients treated in the United States at 44 institutions with either surgery (n = 4,946) or radiation (n = 2,370) for clinical stage T1c-2, N0 or NX, M0 prostate cancer made up the study cohort. A Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the ability of pretreatment risk groups to predict time to PCSM after treatment. The relative risk (RR) of PCSM and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the intermediate- and high-risk groups relative to the low-risk group. Results: Estimates of non-PCSM 8 years after prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure were 4% v 15% (surgery versus radiation; P-log rank = .002) compared with 13% v 18% (surgery versus radiation; P-log rank = .35) for patients whose age at the time of PSA failure was less than 70 as compared with !: 70 years, respectively. The RR of PCSM after treatment for surgery-managed patients with high- or intermediate-risk disease was 14.2 (95% CI, 5.0 to 23.4; P-Cox < .0001) and 4.9 (95% CI, 1.7 to 8.1; P-Cox = .0037), respectively. These values were 14.3 (95% CI, 5.2 to 24.0; P-Cox < .0001) and 5.6 (95% CI, 2.0 to 9.3; P-Cox = .0012) for radiation-managed patients. Conclusion: This study provided evidence to support the prediction of time to PCSM after surgery or radiation on the basis of pretreatment risk groups for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer managed during the PSA era. (C) 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg & Urol Serv, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Stat, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP D'Amico, AV (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, 75 Francis St,L-2 Level, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 22 TC 266 Z9 271 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 11 BP 2163 EP 2172 DI 10.1200/JCO.2003.01.075 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 684MP UT WOS:000183211400016 PM 12775742 ER PT J AU Seabergh, WC Cialone, MA McCormick, JW AF Seabergh, WC Cialone, MA McCormick, JW TI Inlet modifications and the dynamics of Barnegat Inlet, New Jersey SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE tidal constituents; Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers; inlet hydraulics ID LAGOON AB After completion of a new south jetty at Barnegat Inlet, New Jersey, data collection was initiated in 1993 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to evaluate the performance of this project. Long-term (34 days) and short-term (13 and 25 hours) velocity measurements were made with Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers. Tide measurements were made at five locations in Barnegat Bay. Wave measurements were collected for one year and wind measurements were available for the duration of the study. From the data it was found that tidal prism and bay tide amplitudes increased as the inlet system became more efficient with the new south jetty in place. It was found that flood predominance exists for spring tide conditions and ebb predominance can exist for some neap, tides. In addition, over a given tidal cycle, locally flood-dominant and ebb-dominant channels exist. Overall the inlet is flood dominant in terms of current and sediment transport. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Ctr Res & Dev, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. USA, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Seabergh, WC (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Ctr Res & Dev, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 19 IS 3 BP 633 EP 648 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 712TU UT WOS:000184814000014 ER PT J AU Stauble, DK Tabar, JR AF Stauble, DK Tabar, JR TI The use of submerged narrow-crested breakwaters for shoreline erosion control SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE prefabricated concrete breakwaters; narrow-crested submerged breakwaters; shoreline change; beach sand volume change; scour at structures; wave attenuation; settlement of structures; breakwater performance evaluation AB The performance of six installations of modular narrow-crested submerged breakwaters constructed of prefabricated concrete has been reviewed as a possible lower cost shoreline erosion prevention device. Two types of breakwaters that have been deployed since 1988, are reviewed here. Three Prefabricated Erosion Prevention (P.E.P.) Reefs(TM) have been constructed and monitored to assess performance at three sites on the lower central east coast of Florida, two in Palm Beach County and one in Indian River County. Three Beachsaver Reefs(TM) have been installed along the New Jersey Coast, two in Cape May County and one in Monmouth County. Both types of reef breakwaters have similar dimensions and are triangular in cross-section. The objective of these relatively low cost reef structures were to reduce wave heights, maintain a stable shoreline position, retain the existing volume of sand on the beach and protect the beach from storm waves. All six projects have been monitored for at least two years after installation. The monitoring evaluated the change in the position of a project defined shoreline, the volume of sand gained or lost behind the breakwater as well as control areas adjacent to the reef installation, settlement of the structure, scour around the base of the units and the amount of wave attenuation afforded by the structure. The installation configurations differ along with coastal morphology, underlying geology, coastal processes and placement relative to other shore protection structures. All of the installations measured scour at the landward side of the reef. This scour along with turbulence induced by waves interacting with the return flow deflected upward by the reef shape resulted in settlement of the reef over a two to six month period after installation. The settlement was mitigated by the use of a geotextile mattress and filter cloth on two of the projects. With and without settlement of the reef, the wave transmission was around 10% for all of the installations. The three Florida projects placed the P.E.P. Reef some distance off the beach in a shore parallel configuration. Two of the projects had a single solid reef line resulting in structure induced scour and erosion of the beach. The third placement was modified to a staggered inshore and offshore placement with gaps between the segments. All of the projects measured erosion or less accretion behind the reef relative to the control areas. The three New Jersey projects placed the Beachsaver Reef adjacent to groins, with one project semi-enclosed adjacent to an inlet terminal groin and the other two completely across the seaward end of groin compartments, forming a perched beach. Beach fills were also placed as part of the initial installation on two of the projects. The two locations that were completely enclosed in groin compartments retained the most sand. C1 USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. PBS&J, Coastal Engn Dist, Tampa, FL 33607 USA. RP Stauble, DK (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 12 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 19 IS 3 BP 684 EP 722 PG 39 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 712TU UT WOS:000184814000017 ER PT J AU Okamoto, M Sugimoto, A Leung, KP Nakayama, K Kamaguchi, A Maeda, N AF Okamoto, M. Sugimoto, A. Leung, K. -P. Nakayama, K. Kamaguchi, A. Maeda, N. TI Inhibitory effects of green tea catechins on Arg-gingipain in Porphyromonas gingivalis. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tsurumi Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. Itoen Ltd, Shizuoka, Japan. USA, Dent Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL USA. Nagasaki Univ, Nagasaki, Japan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCHI A D R/A A D R PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3406 USA SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 82 SI B MA 2152 BP B280 EP B280 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA V42UY UT WOS:000202893602586 ER PT J AU Yamane, K Yamanaka, T Furukawa, T Fukushima, H Walker, CB Leung, KP AF Yamane, K. Yamanaka, T. Furukawa, T. Fukushima, H. Walker, C. B. Leung, K. -P. TI A novel exopolysaccharide from a clinical isolate of Prevotella nigrescens: Purification, chemical characterization, and its effects on the phagocytic activity of human leukocytes. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Osaka Dent Univ, Osaka, Japan. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. US Army Dent Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCHI A D R/A A D R PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3406 USA SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 82 SI B MA 1139 BP B154 EP B154 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA V42UY UT WOS:000202893601351 ER PT J AU Singer, LM Mirel, LB ter Kuile, FO Branch, OH Vulule, JM Kolczak, MS Hawley, WA Kariuki, SK Kaslow, DC Lanar, DE Lal, AA AF Singer, LM Mirel, LB ter Kuile, FO Branch, OH Vulule, JM Kolczak, MS Hawley, WA Kariuki, SK Kaslow, DC Lanar, DE Lal, AA TI The effects of varying exposure to malaria transmission on development of antimalarial antibody responses in preschool children. XVI. Asembo Bay Cohort Project SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Congress on Infectious Diseases CY MAR, 2002 CL SINGAPORE, SINGAPORE ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; TREATED BED NETS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM TRANSMISSION; CARBOXYL-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; B-CELL EPITOPES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; WESTERN KENYA; 19-KILODALTON DOMAIN; LONGITUDINAL COHORT; INOCULATION RATES AB In areas of intense malaria transmission, malaria morbidity and mortality is highest in children 3-18 months old. Interventions that reduce malaria exposure early in life reduce morbidity but may also delay development of clinical immunity. We assessed the relationship between intensity of malaria exposure and development of antibody responses. Thirty-nine children were monitored monthly, from birth to greater than or equal to2.5 years old (1238 observations), and were divided into 3 exposure categories, on the basis of parasitemic episodes or entomological data. Children with low exposure during the first 2 years of life had higher subsequent levels of antibody to merozoite surface protein-1(19-kDa) (a marker of blood-stage responses) by months 24-35 (P<.05). This inverse relationship decreased as children aged. There was no consistent relationship between exposure early in life and subsequent levels of antibody to circumsporozoite protein (a marker of sporozoite-stage responses). These data suggest that, in areas of intense malaria transmission, during the first 3 years of life, interventions that either reduce the number of asexual parasitemic episodes or lower entomological exposure do not delay the development of antibody responses to blood-stage malarial antigens. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Vaccine Sect, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya. NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Lal, AA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Vaccine Sect, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 4700 Buford Hwy, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM alal@cdc.gov RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 187 IS 11 BP 1756 EP 1764 DI 10.1086/375241 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 685TK UT WOS:000183279200010 PM 12751033 ER PT J AU Thurber, KR Harrell, LE Smith, DD AF Thurber, KR Harrell, LE Smith, DD TI 170nm nuclear magnetic resonance imaging using magnetic resonance force microscopy SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE MRFM; force detected NMR; NMR microscopy; GaAs; optical pumping ID GAAS; POLARIZATION; NMR AB We demonstrate one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the semiconductor GaAs with 170 nm slice separation and resolve two regions of reduced nuclear spin polarization density separated by only 500 nm. This was achieved by force detection of the magnetic resonance, magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM), in combination with optical pumping to increase the nuclear spin polarization. Optical pumping of the GaAs created spin polarization up to 12 times larger than the thermal nuclear spin polarization at 5 K and 4 T. The experiment was sensitive to sample volumes of 50 mum(3) containing similar to4 x 10(11 71)Ga/rootHz. These results demonstrate the ability of force-detected magnetic resonance to apply magnetic resonance imaging to semiconductor devices and other nanostructures. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Smith, DD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 162 IS 2 BP 336 EP 340 DI 10.1016/S1090-7807(03)00040-5 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 697CC UT WOS:000183923800011 PM 12810017 ER PT J AU Elabd, YA Napadensky, E Sloan, JM Crawford, DM Walker, CW AF Elabd, YA Napadensky, E Sloan, JM Crawford, DM Walker, CW TI Triblock copolymer ionomer membranes Part I. Methanol and proton transport SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE direct methanol fuel cell; polymer electrolyte membranes; barrier membranes; electrochemistry; pervaporation ID FUEL-CELL; POLYMER-ELECTROLYTE; EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; PERCOLATION; PERMEABILITY; CONDUCTION; IMPEDANCE; MORPHOLOGY AB In this study, the transport properties (i.e. methanol and proton transport) of a triblock copolymer ionomer, sulfonated poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) (S-SIBS), at various ion contents were investigated for its application to the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Methanol permeabilities in S-SIBS were more than an order of magnitude lower than Nation 117, but conductivities were only three-fold less at ambient conditions. S-SIBS was approximately 5-10 times more selective (i.e. proton conductivity/methanol permeability) than Nation 117 over an ion content range of 0.5-1.0 mmol/g. Also, the transport results follow a power law dependent percolation model, where the critical exponent for diffusion was much lower than those reported in other studies, suggesting a more ordered nanostructure. In addition, transport at higher temperatures (80 degreesC) was examined. At 80 degreesC, S-SIBS was only 1.3 times more selective than Nafion 117 at an ion content of 1.0 mmol/g, but was 39 times more selective at an ion content of 0.5 mmol/g. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Elabd, YA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 40 TC 174 Z9 174 U1 5 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 217 IS 1-2 BP 227 EP 242 DI 10.1016/S0376-7388(03)00127-3 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 692KX UT WOS:000183661200021 ER PT J AU Cuff, L Ulrich, RG Olson, MA AF Cuff, L Ulrich, RG Olson, MA TI Prediction of the multimeric assembly of staphylococcal enterotoxin A with cell-surface protein receptors SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR GRAPHICS & MODELLING LA English DT Article DE protein docking; continuum model; free energy of binding; protein-protein complex ID COMPLEX CLASS-II; BINDING FREE-ENERGIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTROSTATIC ENERGY; MOLECULAR DOCKING; A SUPERANTIGEN; CROSS-LINKING; FORCE-FIELD; ASSOCIATION; SIMULATIONS AB Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) cross-links two class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and forms a multimeric assembly with T-cell receptors (TcRs). The X-ray crystal structure of SEA has been solved, yet details describing molecular recognition and association remain unclear. We present a structural model for the interactions of SEA with cell-surface proteins. Molecular docking calculations predicting SEA association with the class II MHC molecule HLA-DR I were performed by using a rigid-body docking method. Docked orientations were evaluated by a Poisson-Boltzmann model for the electrostatic free energy of binding and the hydrophobic effect calculated from molecular surface areas. We found that the best-scoring SEA conformers for the DR1alpha interface display a binding mode similar to that determined crystallographically for staphylococcal enterotoxin B bound to HLA-DR1. For the zinc-binding site of SEA, docking DR1beta yielded several orientations exhibiting tetrahedral-like coordination geometries. Combining the two interfaces, tetramers were modeled by docking an alphabeta TcR with trimolecular complexes DR1beta-SEA-DR1alpha and SEA-betaDR1alpha-SEA. Our results indicate that the complex DR1beta-SEA-DR1alpha provides a more favorable assembly for the engagement of TcRs, forming SEA molecular contacts that are in accord with reported mutagenesis studies. In contrast, the cooperative association of two SEA molecules on a single DR1 molecule sterically inhibits interactions with TcRs. We suggest that signal transduction stimulated by SEA through large-scale assembly is limited to four or five TcR-(DR1beta-SEA-DR1alpha) tetramers and requires the dimerization of class II MHC molecules, while TcR dimerization is unlikely. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Olson, MA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1093-3263 J9 J MOL GRAPH MODEL JI J. Mol. Graph. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 21 IS 6 BP 473 EP 486 DI 10.1016/S1093-3263(02)00206-1 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Crystallography; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science; Crystallography; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 667DW UT WOS:000182216700001 PM 12676235 ER PT J AU Liu, YH Sinusas, AJ Wackers, FJT Lam, PT AF Liu, YH Sinusas, AJ Wackers, FJT Lam, PT TI Cardiac SPECT: 360 degrees circular acquisition may resolve defects of 180 degrees data - Reply SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID VALIDATION; QUANTIFICATION; PHANTOM C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Liu, YH (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 44 IS 6 BP 995 EP 996 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 688GN UT WOS:000183426000036 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Quantum measurement with a positive operator-valued measure SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS B-QUANTUM AND SEMICLASSICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Wigner Centennial Conference CY JUL 08-12, 2002 CL PECS, HUNGARY DE quantum measurement; positive operator-valued measure; quantum information processing; quantum cryptography; quantum optics ID CRYPTOGRAPHY; INFORMATION; SYSTEMS AB In the quantum theory of measurement, the positive operator-valued measure (POVM) is an important concept, and its implementation can be useful. A POVM consists of a set of non-negative quantum-mechanical Hermitian operators that add up to the identity. The probability that a quantum system is in a particular state is given by the expectation value of the POVM operator corresponding to that state. Following a brief review of the mathematics and mention of the history of POVMs in quantum theory, a particular implementation of a POVM for use in the measurement of nonorthogonal photon polarization states is reviewed. The implementation consists simply of a Wollaston prism, a mirror, two beam splitters, a polarization rotator and three phototubes arranged in an interferometric configuration, and it is shown analytically that the device faithfully represents the POVM. Based on Neumark's extension theorem, the two-dimensional Hilbert space of the POVM implementation can be embedded in the three-dimensional Hilbert space of an ordinary projective-valued measure. Also, analytical expressions are given for the maximum Renyi information loss from the device to a disturbing probe, and for the error and inconclusive rates induced by the probe. Various aspects of the problem of probe optimization are elaborated. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hbrandt@arl.army.mil NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1464-4266 J9 J OPT B-QUANTUM S O JI J. Opt. B-Quantum Semicl. Opt. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 5 IS 3 BP S266 EP S270 AR PII S1464-4266(03)56471-0 DI 10.1088/1464-4266/5/3/357 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 699LY UT WOS:000184059400028 ER PT J AU Petrone, MR Guinn, J Reddin, A Sutlive, TG Flynn, TW Garber, MP AF Petrone, MR Guinn, J Reddin, A Sutlive, TG Flynn, TW Garber, MP TI The accuracy of the palpation meter (PALM) for measuring pelvic crest height difference and leg length discrepancy SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE leg length inequality; measurement; pelvic obliquity; reliability; validity ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; KNEE EXERTION INJURIES; CLINICAL METHODS; INEQUALITY; RELIABILITY; JOINT; ASYMMETRY; VALIDITY; RUNNERS; THERAPY AB Study Design: Test-retest reliability and validity. Objective: To determine the validity and reliability of the Palpation Meter (PALM). Background: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) has been associated with a variety of musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, the clinical measurement of LLD has become a routine and important part of the physical examination. The PALM is an instrument that was recently developed to indirectly measure LLD, but little is known about its measurement properties. Methods and Measures: Fifteen healthy and 15 symptomatic subjects with suspected LLD participated in this study. Measurements of pelvic crest height difference (PD) were obtained by 2 examiners using the PALM. A standing antero-posterior (AP) radiograph of each subject's pelvis was taken, and PD and LLD (femoral head height difference) were determined from the radiograph for comparison with the PALM values. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to determine the validity and reliability estimates of the PALM. Results: For all subjects, the validity estimates (ICC2,3) of the PALM for PD were excellent (0.90 for rater 1 and 0.92 for rater 2) when compared with the standing AP radiograph of the pelvis. The PALM was less accurate (ICC2,3 of 0.76 and 0.78 for rater 1 and 2, respectively) as an indirect estimate of LLD. Intrarater reliability for each rater was excellent (ICC2,3 = 0.97 and 0.98) and interrater reliability was very good (ICC2,3 = 0.88). Conclusion: The PALM is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring PD. Clinicians should consider this convenient, cost-effective clinical tool as an alternative to radiographic measurement of pelvic crest height difference. C1 Moncrief Army Community Hosp, Ft Jackson, SC USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Blanchfield Army Community Hosp, Ft Campbell, KY USA. USA, Baylor Univ, Grad Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. USA Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, USA, Orthoped Phys Therapy Residency, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Sutlive, TG (reprint author), Acad Hlth Sci, MCCS HMT, Phys Therapy Branch, 3151 Scott Rd,Suite 1303, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU J O S P T, ALLIANCE GROUP COMMUNICATIONS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 33 IS 6 BP 319 EP 325 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 702GZ UT WOS:000184217300005 PM 12839206 ER PT J AU Powers, PA Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Robie, DK McClellan, DR Francis, GL AF Powers, PA Dinauer, CA Tuttle, RM Robie, DK McClellan, DR Francis, GL TI Tumor size and extent of disease at diagnosis predict the response to initial therapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE thyroid; papillary; carcinoma; outcome; pediatrics; recurrence ID TERM FOLLOW-UP; CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT; REDIFFERENTIATION THERAPY; RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; CANCER; CHILDHOOD; MANAGEMENT; I-131; RECURRENCE AB Treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in children and adolescents is controversial. We previously showed that large tumor size, multifocal disease, and extensive disease at diagnosis predict recurrence. We examined 47 patients with PTC to determine whether these features predict response to treatment. Overall, 70% of the patients (33/47) remitted with initial treatment. 79% (15/19), of Class I, 86% (12/14) of Class II, and 100% (6/6) of Class III, but none of Class IV patients (n = 8) (p <0.001) achieved remission. Tumor size for patients who entered remission (2.0 +/- 0.2 cm) was less than for patients with persistent disease (4.2 +/- 0.4) (p <0.0005). Extent of disease at diagnosis correlated with the number of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatments (p = 0.022) and dose (p = 0.002) required to achieve first remission. We conclude that extensive disease at diagnosis and larger tumor size predict failure to remit after initial treatment of PTC in children and adolescents. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Endocrinol Sect, New York, NY 10021 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Powers, PA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 63 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD PI LONDON PA STE 500, CHESHAM HOUSE, 150 REGENT ST, LONDON W1R 5FA, ENGLAND SN 0334-018X J9 J PEDIATR ENDOCR MET JI J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 16 IS 5 BP 693 EP 702 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics GA 699CB UT WOS:000184037400001 PM 12880118 ER PT J AU Aroonrerk, N Pichyangkul, S Yongvanitchit, K Wisetchang, M Sa-Ard-Iam, N Sirisinha, S Mahanonda, R AF Aroonrerk, N Pichyangkul, S Yongvanitchit, K Wisetchang, M Sa-Ard-Iam, N Sirisinha, S Mahanonda, R TI Generation of gingival T cell lines/clones specific with Porphyromonas gingivalis pulsed dendritic cells from periodontitis patients SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE gingival T cell lines/clones; dendritic cells; periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; B-LYMPHOCYTES; TISSUES; DISEASE; IMMUNITY; TH1; INTERLEUKIN-4; BACTERIA; ANTIGEN AB Objectives and background: It is well documented that in periodontitis lesions, most infiltrated gingival T cells are antigen-specific memory T cells. These cells play an important role as regulators and effector cells in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. In this study, we used dendritic cells (DCS) as antigen-presenting cells to generate human gingival T cell lines and clones specific for Porphyromonas gingivalis from periodontitis patients. Methods: Autologous DCs were derived from the patients' adherent monocytes using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-4. Lymphocytes were isolated from gingival biopsies using collagenase enzyme digestion and the number was increased by subsequent culturing in IL-2-containing medium. T cells were then negatively sorted using flow cytometry, cocultured with P. gingivalis-pulsed DCs and subsequently expanded in the culture medium containing IL-2. T cells were kept viable and active by periodic exposure to antigen-pulsed DCs. The specificity of the T cell lines was tested against four plaque bacteria: P. gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia and Actinomyces viscosus. The established T cell lines were then cloned. Three P gingivalis-specific T cell lines and 12 gingival T cell clones were generated. They all showed good specificity against P. gingivalis but not to other plaque bacteria. Results: All T cell clones were positive for CD4 and the majority of them produced interferon gamma, but a minimal or negligible amount of IL-5. Conclusions: The data obtained clearly showed that monocyte-derived DCs could be used as powerful antigen-presenting cells to generate antigen-specific T cells from periodontitis tissues. C1 Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. USA, Med Component, Dept Immunol & Med, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Sirira Hosp, Dept Dent, Bangkok, Thailand. Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Mahanonda, R (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Henry Dunant Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0022-3484 J9 J PERIODONTAL RES JI J. Periodont. Res. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 38 IS 3 BP 262 EP 268 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 680NT UT WOS:000182984800006 PM 12753363 ER PT J AU Shi, CM Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ AF Shi, CM Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ TI Effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on the diffusion coefficient of phenol in poly(bisphenol A carbonate) SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE diffusion; polycarbonates; solid-state polymerization; kinetics (polym.); supercritical carbon dioxide ID SOLID-STATE POLYCONDENSATION; HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; REACTION-KINETICS; BISPHENOL-A; MELT/SOLID POLYCONDENSATION; POLY(L-LACTIC ACID); POLYCARBONATE; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); POLYMERIZATION; CRYSTALLIZATION AB For some polymers, the rate of solid-state polymerization (SSP) is higher with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) as the sweep gas than with atmospheric N-2. One explanation for this higher rate is that the diffusion coefficient of the condensate molecule is higher in the CO2-swollen polymer. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured the diffusion coefficient of phenol in poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (BPA-PC) by carrying out SSP of this polymer under diffusion-limited conditions. Under these conditions, the diffusion coefficient of the condensate molecule could be calculated from the profile of the molecular weight versus time. The phenol diffusivity was determined between 135 and 180 degreesC in the presence of N-2 at about 1 bar and in the presence of SCCO2 at about 138, 207, and 345 bar. The diffusion coefficient of phenol was up to 200% higher in ScCO2 than in N-2, depending on the temperature and CO2 pressure. With both N-2 and ScCO2, the activation energy for phenol diffusion in BPA-PC was larger than the activation energy for the reaction between hydroxyl and phenyl end groups that occurred during SSP of BPA-PC. As a result, the overall SSP reaction shifted from diffusion control at low temperatures toward chemical-reaction control at high temperatures. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Div Chem Sci, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kiserow, DJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Box 7905, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1143 EP 1156 DI 10.1002/polb.10459 PG 14 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 676TF UT WOS:000182767900003 ER PT J AU Jow, TR Ding, MS Xu, K Zhang, SS Allen, JL Amine, K Henriksen, GL AF Jow, TR Ding, MS Xu, K Zhang, SS Allen, JL Amine, K Henriksen, GL TI Nonaqueous electrolytes for wide-temperature-range operation of Li-ion cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries CY JUN 24-28, 2002 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DE nonaqueous electrolytes; lithium salts; Li-ion batteries; high temperature; low temperature; solid electrolyte interface (SET); conductivity; glass transition temperature ID BATTERIES; LITHIUM; PERFORMANCE; CARBONATE; LIPF6; SALT; CONDUCTIVITY; LIBOB AB Nonaqueous electrolytes play a key role in extending the operating temperature range of Li-ion batteries. In developing electrolytes for wide temperature operations, we adopted an approach of starting with thermally stable lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4) and lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiB(C2O4)(2), or LiBOB) salts. We have demonstrated that the capacity of Li-ion cells fades much slower in electrolytes using LiBF4 or LiBOB than in electrolytes using LiPF6. For low temperatures applications, suitable solvent systems for LiBF4 and LiBOB were explored. We found that the charge transfer resistance (R-ct) is smaller in Li-ion cells in electrolytes based on LiBF4 in selected solvent systems than that based on LiPF6 and results in better capacity utilization at low temperatures. We also found that the electrolytes based on LiBOB in PC-based solvent system would allow Li-ion cells with graphite anode to be cycled. By comparing the properties of LiBF4 and LiPF6 in the propylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate (PC-DEC) solvent system, we found that it is possible to formulate proper solvent mixtures for enhanced conductivity for LiBF4 and LiBOB salts at low temperatures. It is concluded that nonaqueous electrolytes for wide-temperature-range operations of Li-ion cells are achievable. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Div Chem Technol, Electrochem Tech Program, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jow, TR (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Xu, Kang/C-6054-2013; Amine, Khalil/K-9344-2013 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; NR 22 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 119 SI SI BP 343 EP 348 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00153-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 694XC UT WOS:000183799600066 ER PT J AU Krieger, UK Braun, C Imbach, L Koop, T Corti, T Videen, G AF Krieger, UK Braun, C Imbach, L Koop, T Corti, T Videen, G TI An experimental examination of intensity fluctuations of a host droplet containing an inclusion SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic and Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles CY MAR 04-08, 2002 CL UNIV FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA HO UNIV FLORIDA ID SINGLE AEROSOL-PARTICLES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; DEFORMED DROPLETS; DELIQUESCENCE; SPHERE AB We report experimental data showing the dependence of the experimental intensity fluctuation amplitudes at a scattering angle of 90degrees of a liquid droplet with an inclusion. Despite efforts to match the refractive indices of host and inclusion, we could not make the amplitude vanish. This could be due to a non-uniform refractive index of the solid inclusion. Qualitative agreement is reached between experimental results and model simulations. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Swiss Fed Inst Technol, LAPETH, Lab Atmospharenphys, Inst Atom & Climate Sci,IACETH, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Krieger, UK (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, LAPETH, Lab Atmospharenphys, Inst Atom & Climate Sci,IACETH, Hoggerberg HPP, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. RI Koop, Thomas/B-7861-2008; Corti, Thierry/C-6332-2008; Krieger, Ulrich/E-2916-2016 OI Koop, Thomas/0000-0002-7571-3684; Krieger, Ulrich/0000-0003-4958-2657 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUN-SEP PY 2003 VL 79 SI SI BP 873 EP 880 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00325-4 PG 8 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 674QM UT WOS:000182647500025 ER PT J AU Moreno, F Cotera, S Gonzalez, F Saiz, JM Videen, G AF Moreno, F Cotera, S Gonzalez, F Saiz, JM Videen, G TI Multiple scattering by two-particle systems: statistics of the cross-polarized scattered intensity SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic and Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles CY MAR 04-08, 2002 CL UNIV FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA HO UNIV FLORIDA DE particle scattering; statistics; multiple scattering ID SURFACES; LIGHT AB We analyze the statistics of the cross-polarized scattered intensity from particle systems including multiple scattering. Systems with spherical particles randomly distributed either on surfaces or in a volume are analyzed. We have focused on the statistical parameter P(I-cross = 0) which is the probability of not detecting cross-polarized scattered intensity. As it is shown, this parameter can give information not only about the scattering system (density, particle anisotropy, etc.) but also about multiple scattering. Furthermore, it is less noisy and more sensitive than other classical statistical parameters. Numerical simulations of the scattered intensity fluctuations are presented for two-particle scattering systems. From the numerical results, P(I-cross = 0) and factorial moments are obtained and compared as a function of the polarizability of the particles, i.e. of the strength of multiple scattering. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cantabria, Dept Fis Aplicada, Grp Opt, E-39005 Santander, Spain. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL IS EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Moreno, F (reprint author), Univ Cantabria, Dept Fis Aplicada, Grp Opt, E-39005 Santander, Spain. OI SAIZ, JOSE MARIA/0000-0003-3713-9877 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUN-SEP PY 2003 VL 79 SI SI BP 983 EP 994 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00333-3 PG 12 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 674QM UT WOS:000182647500033 ER PT J AU Sun, WB Nousiainen, T Muinonen, K Fu, Q Loeb, NG Videen, G AF Sun, WB Nousiainen, T Muinonen, K Fu, Q Loeb, NG Videen, G TI Light scattering by Gaussian particles: a solution with finite-difference time-domain technique SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic and Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles CY MAR 04-08, 2002 CL UNIV FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA HO UNIV FLORIDA ID ABSORBING BOUNDARY-CONDITION; PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER; DIELECTRIC PARTICLES; MUELLER MATRIX; IRREGULAR PARTICLES; RAYLEIGH-GANS; ICE PARTICLES; ROUGH; ABSORPTION; APPROXIMATION AB The understanding of single-scattering properties of complex ice crystals has significance in atmospheric radiative transfer and remote-sensing applications. In this work, light scattering by irregularly shaped Gaussian ice crystals is studied with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique. For given sample particle shapes and size parameters in the resonance region, the scattering phase matrices and asymmetry factors are calculated. It is found that the deformation of the particle surface can significantly smooth the scattering phase functions and slightly reduce the asymmetry factors. The polarization properties of irregular ice crystals are also significantly different from those of spherical cloud particles. These FDTD results could provide a reference for approximate light-scattering models developed for irregular particle shapes and can have potential applications in developing a much simpler practical light scattering model for ice clouds angular-distribution models and for remote sensing of ice clouds and aerosols using polarized light. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Finnish Meteorol Inst, Geophys Res, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. Univ Helsinki, Observ, Helsinki, Finland. Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Sun, WB (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RI Nousiainen, Timo/A-7982-2008 OI Nousiainen, Timo/0000-0002-6569-9815 NR 41 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUN-SEP PY 2003 VL 79 SI SI BP 1083 EP 1090 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00341-2 PG 8 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 674QM UT WOS:000182647500041 ER PT J AU Videen, G AF Videen, G TI Polarization opposition effect and second-order ray-tracing: cloud of dipoles SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Electromagnetic and Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles CY MAR 04-08, 2002 CL UNIV FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA HO UNIV FLORIDA ID BACKSCATTERING; SCATTERING; LIGHT AB We develop a second-order ray-tracing model of the light scattered by a cloud of randomly positioned dipoles and consider only the second-order effects. In the near backward scattering direction, a sharp asymmetric negative polarization results from the constructive interference of reciprocal rays. From our simulations, the shape of this branch of negative polarization has little dependence on the mean free path of rays through the scattering system. Implications of this are that the symmetric branch of the negative polarization seen in the near-backward scatter direction of many naturally occurring, random systems are due, like the asymmetric branch, to constructive interference of reciprocal rays, and that a symmetric negative branch is,not the result of interacting dipole-like particles. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Army Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Videen, G (reprint author), Army Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUN-SEP PY 2003 VL 79 SI SI BP 1103 EP 1109 AR PII S0022-4073(02)00343-6 DI 10.1016/S0022-4073(02)00343-6 PG 7 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 674QM UT WOS:000182647500043 ER PT J AU Gilliam, SJ Merrow, CN Kirkby, SJ Jensen, JO Zeroka, D Banerjee, A AF Gilliam, SJ Merrow, CN Kirkby, SJ Jensen, JO Zeroka, D Banerjee, A TI Raman spectroscopy of arsenolite: crystalline cubic As4O6 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Raman; arsenolite; As2O3; As4O6 claudetite; adamantanoid ID VIBRATIONAL EXCITATIONS; INFRARED-SPECTRA; VITREOUS AS2O3; PHOSPHATE; REFINEMENT; VAPORS; PHASES; MODES AB The complete Raman spectrum of arsenolite, cubic crystalline As4O6, is reported for the first time. The previously unseen E-g mode has been found at 443 cm(-1). Further, there is additional support for the assignment of the 415 cm(-1) mode as T-2g. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Merrow, CN (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 173 IS 1 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1016/S0022-4596(03)00082-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 689JX UT WOS:000183489700009 ER PT J AU Sterbis, JR Lewis, VL Bushman, W AF Sterbis, JR Lewis, VL Bushman, W TI Urologic and plastic surgical collaboration for continent diversion when urine leakage is complicated by pressure ulcers or obesity SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE spinal cord injuries; bladders; neurogenic; urinary diversion; cystostomy; pressure ulcers; obesity; rehabilitation ID SPINAL-CORD INJURY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RECONSTRUCTION; INCONTINENT; SURVIVAL; CONDUIT; WOMEN AB Background: Patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction and urine leakage combined with pressure ulceration, fistulae, and/or obesity present a major surgical challenge. Given the urgent need to control urine leakage, suprapubic cystostomy or incontinent urinary diversion such as ileal conduit often are chosen for definitive intervention, despite the fact that continent urinary diversion generally is the preferred method of management for the motivated patient. Design: Case series. Method: This article presents 4 patients in whom urine leakage was complicated by pressure ulcers, urethral erosion, and/or morbid obesity. Due to the complicated nature of their problems, these patients were managed in a collaborative fashion by the departments of urology, plastic surgery, and physiatry. Each of these patients underwent a combined surgical intervention that addressed issues of skin ulceration or morbid obesity and allowed for continent urinary diversion. Results: After intervention, all 4 patients were independent in bladder management and were completely continent. Conclusion: This series demonstrates how collaboration between the urologist and plastic surgeon in evaluation and treatment planning allows for the formulation of surgical options that include continent urinary diversion. C1 Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Ctr Clin Sci, Div Urol, Dept Surg, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Plast Surg, Chicago, IL USA. RP Bushman, W (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Ctr Clin Sci, Div Urol, Dept Surg, G5-350,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PARAPLEGIA SOC PI JACKSON HWIGHTS PA 75-20 ASTORIA BLVD, JACKSON HWIGHTS, NY 11370-1177 USA SN 1079-0268 J9 J SPINAL CORD MED JI J. Spinal Cord. Med. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 26 IS 2 BP 124 EP 128 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 739PH UT WOS:000186355300005 PM 12828288 ER PT J AU Shires, D Mohan, R AF Shires, D Mohan, R TI Optimization and performance of a Fortran 90 MPI-based unstructured code on large-scale parallel systems SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications (PDPTA 2001) CY JUN 25-28, 2001 CL LAS VEGAS, NEVADA SP Comp Sci Res Educ & Applicat Press, Int Technol Inst, Korea Informat Processing Soc, World Acad Sci Informat Technol, PACT Corp DE MPI; unstructured grids; code optimization; massively parallel AB The message-passing interface (MPI) has become the standard in achieving effective results when using the message passing paradigm of parallelization. Codes written using MPI are extremely portable and are applicable to both clusters and massively parallel computing platforms. Since MPI uses the single program, multiple data (SPMD) approach to parallelism, good performance requires careful tuning of the serial code as well as careful data and control flow analysis to limit communication. We discuss optimization strategies used and their degree of success to increase performance of an MPI-based unstructured finite element simulation code written in Fortran 90. We discuss performance results based on implementations using several modern massively parallel computing platforms including the SGI Origin 3800, IBM Nighthawk 2 SMP, and Cray T3E-1200. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. RP Shires, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8542 J9 J SUPERCOMPUT JI J. Supercomput. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 25 IS 2 BP 131 EP 141 DI 10.1023/A:1023940510915 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 684HY UT WOS:000183200400004 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Frisk, GV Lindstrom, TE Sellers, CJ AF Wilson, DK Frisk, GV Lindstrom, TE Sellers, CJ TI Measurement and prediction of ultralow frequency ocean ambient noise off the eastern US coast SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID WAVE-WAVE INTERACTIONS; DIRECTIONAL SPECTRA; SOUND FIELD; SEA-FLOOR; SURFACE; MICROSEISMS; GENERATION AB Ultralow frequency (0.02-2 Hz) acoustic ambient noise was monitored from January to April 1991 at six ocean bottom stations off the eastern U.S. coast. The depths of the stations ranged from about 100 m to 2500 m. The measured spectra are in good agreement with predictions made using Cato's theory [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89, 1076-1095 (1991)] for noise generation by surface-wave orbital motion after extending the calculations to incorporate horizontally stratified environments. Contributions from both the linear, single-frequency (virtual monopole) and the nonlinear, double-frequency (dipole) mechanisms are clearly recognizable in the data. The predictions make use of directional wave data obtained from surface buoys deployed during the SWADE experiment and an ocean bottom model derived from compressional wave speed data measured during the EDGE deep seismic reflection survey. The results demonstrate conclusively that nonlinear surface-wave interactions are the dominant mechanism for generating deep-ocean ULF noise in the band 0.2-0.7 Hz. (C) 2003 Acoustical Society of America. C1 Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Appl Ocean Phys & Engn, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res Lab, CEERD RC, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 113 IS 6 BP 3117 EP 3133 DI 10.1121/1.1568941 PG 17 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 688RB UT WOS:000183448700021 PM 12822784 ER PT J AU Quinn, GD Swab, JJ Motyka, MJ AF Quinn, GD Swab, JJ Motyka, MJ TI Fracture toughness of a toughened silicon nitride by ASTM C 1421 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The fracture toughness of a sintered reaction-bonded silicon nitride was measured by the single-edge precracked beam and surface crack in flexure methods, which are two of the three complementary test methods in ASTM C 1421. Results were compared with chevron-notched beam results that were available from another source. Precracks ranged from tiny artificial flaws introduced by Knoop indentation to millimeter-long precracks in single-edge precracked beams. The fracture toughness values from the three methods were in good agreement at 5.6 MPa(.)m(1/2). C1 NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Quinn, GD (reprint author), NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43086-6136 USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 86 IS 6 BP 1043 EP 1045 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 689NF UT WOS:000183499200030 ER PT J AU Jones, JW Sithiprasasna, R Schleich, S Coleman, RE AF Jones, JW Sithiprasasna, R Schleich, S Coleman, RE TI Evaluation of selected traps as tools for conducting surveillance for adult Aedes aegypti in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE traps; Thailand; surveillance; Aedes aegypti; mosquito ID 1-OCTEN-3-OL; COLLECTION; ALBOPICTUS; CULICIDAE; MOSQUITOS; HABITATS; DIPTERA; CDC; FAY AB The efficacy of the omnidirectional Fay-Prince trap (ODFP), the Centers for Disease Control Wilton trap (WT), and sticky lures (SL) were assessed as a means of evaluating population densities of adult Aedes aegypti in Thailand. Human landing/biting (L/B) collection was used as the reference method. The L/B collection method was significantly more effective at capturing Ae. aegypti than any of the other methods, with 84% (1,072/1,272), 8.5% (108/1,272), 7.2% (92/1,272) and 0% (0/1,272) of mosquitoes collected by L/B collection, ODFP WT, and SL, respectively. Overall, none of the traps evaluated in this study was demonstrated to be an acceptable alternative to L/B collection for surveillance of adult Ae. aegypti in Thailand. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, USA Med Component, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Jones, JW (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, USA Med Component, Bangkok, Thailand. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 148 EP 150 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 693LZ UT WOS:000183720200008 PM 12825666 ER PT J AU Sardelis, MR Turell, MJ Andre, RG AF Sardelis, MR Turell, MJ Andre, RG TI Experimental transmission of St. Louis encephalitis virus by Ochlerotatus j. japonicus SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Ochlerotatus j. japonicus; St. Louis encephalitis; vector competence ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; CULEX-PIPIENS; MOSQUITOS; CULICIDAE; EPIDEMIC; DIPTERA AB Ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus, a newly discovered nonindigenous mosquito species in North America, and a colonized strain of Culex pipiens were compared for their vector competence for St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE). Infection rates in Oc. j. japonicus were 0-33% after feeding on chickens with viremias between 10(4.1) and 10(4.7) plaque-forming units (PFU)/ml of blood. In comparison, infection rates were 12-94% for Cx. pipiens that fed on the same chickens. When fed on chickens with viremias between 10(5.3) and 10(5.6) PFU/ml of blood, infection rates for Oc. j. japonicus and Cx. pipiens were similar, 96% and 100%, respectively. After 12-14 days of extrinsic incubation at 26degreesC, all 34 infected Oc. j. japonicus had a disseminated infection. In contrast, only 23 (43%) of 54 infected Cx. pipiens had a disseminated infection after feeding on the same chickens. If they developed a disseminated infection, both species efficiently transmitted (greater than or equal to87%) SLE. Estimated transmission rates at viral doses sufficient to infect both of the tested species were 29-84% for Oc. j. japonicus and 30-50% for Cx. pipiens. Because of its continued geographic expansion, field and laboratory evidence incriminating it as a vector of the closely related West Nile virus, and its ability to transmit SLE in the laboratory, Oc. j. japonicus should be considered as a potential enzootic or epizootic vector of SLE. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Div Trop Publ Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Vector Assessment, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Sardelis, MR (reprint author), USA, Med Res Unit Kenya, Unit 64109, APO, AE 09831 USA. NR 21 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 159 EP 162 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 693LZ UT WOS:000183720200011 PM 12825669 ER PT J AU Rueda, LM Gardner, RC AF Rueda, LM Gardner, RC TI Composition and adult activity of salt-marsh mosquitoes attracted to 1-octen-3-ol, carbon dioxide, and light in Topsail Island, North Carolina SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE mosquitoes; salt marsh; octenol; Anopheles; Ochlerotatus; Aedes; North Carolina; Culicidae ID BITING ACTIVITY AB By monitoring weekly for 3 months with Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps baited with carbon dioxide (CO2) and light, 12 species of mosquitoes were collected from salt-marsh areas in Topsail Island, North Carolina: Aedes vexans, Anopheles atropos, An. bradleyi, An. crucians, An. punctipennis, Culex pipiens, Cx. restuans, Cx. salinarius, Ochlerotatus sollicitans, Oc. taeniorhynchus, Oc. infirmatus, and Uranotaenia sapphirina. ne hourly activities of common salt-marsh mosquitoes, namely Oc. sollicitans, Oc. taeniorhynchus, An. atropos, An. bradleyi, and Cx. salinarius, were observed from 1700 to 0800 h by using a collection bottle rotator trap baited with 1-octen-3-ol (octenol), CO2, and light. The mosquitoes exhibited different peaks of adult activity, with a significantly greater number of mosquitoes collected from 0600 to 0800 h than from 1700 to 1900 h. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Onslow Cty Publ Works, Mosquito Control Sect, Jacksonville, NC 28540 USA. RP Rueda, LM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 166 EP 169 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 693LZ UT WOS:000183720200013 PM 12825671 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Agodoa, LY O'Malley, PG AF Abbott, KC Agodoa, LY O'Malley, PG TI Hospitalized psychoses after renal transplantation in the United States: Incidence, risk factors, and prognosis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE POSTTRANSPLANT NEUROPSYCHOSIS; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; MEDICATION COMPLIANCE; PATIENT; CYCLOSPORINE; RECIPIENTS; DEPRESSION; SYMPTOMS; MORPHINE; OUTCOMES AB Although it is recommended that renal transplant (RT) candidates routinely undergo screening for mental health-related conditions, national statistics for psychoses after RT have not been reported. This is a historical cohort study of 39,628 renal transplant recipients in the United States Renal Data System between July 1, 1994, and June 30, 1998, and followed until December 31, 1999. Adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) for time to hospitalization for both a primary and secondary discharge diagnosis of psychoses (ICD-9 codes 290.x-299.x) after RT and mortality/graft loss after psychosis were assessed by Cox Regression. In addition, rates of psychosis were compared with 178,986 patients with Medicare as their primary payer who started chronic dialysis from April 1, 1995, to June 29, 1999. The incidence of psychoses was 7.5/1000 person-years (PY) after RT compared with 7.2/1000 PY for all patients on chronic dialysis and 9.6/1000 PY for dialysis patients aged 65 yr or younger. Among RT recipients, graft loss (AHR, 2.97; 95% CI, 2.19 to 4.02), allograft rejection, and cadaveric donation were independently associated with psychosis, which was associated with an increased risk of both death (AHR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.71 to 2.56; P < 0.001) and graft loss (AHR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.78; P = 0.01). Graft loss due to noncompliance was significantly more common after psychosis (9.0% versus 3.7% in patients not hospitalized for psychosis; P < 0.001). The incidence of hospitalized psychosis was not substantially higher after RT compared with chronic dialysis patients. Psychoses were independently associated with increased risk of death and graft loss after renal transplantation, possibly mediated through medical non-adherence. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1628 EP 1635 DI 10.1097/01.ASN.0000069268.63375.4A PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 682MK UT WOS:000183095600025 PM 12761265 ER PT J AU Bjerke, TW Lambros, J AF Bjerke, TW Lambros, J TI Theoretical development and experimental validation of a thermally dissipative cohesive zone model for dynamic fracture of amorphous polymers SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE cohesive zone; dynamic fracture; thermal dissipation; polymer craze; infrared detectors ID CRACK-GROWTH RESISTANCE; SOLIDS; PROPAGATION; MECHANICS; ENERGY; TIP AB A thermally dissipative cohesive zone model is developed for predicting the temperature increase at the tip of a crack propagating dynamically in a nominally brittle material exhibiting a cohesive-type failure such as crazing. The model assumes that fracture energy supplied to the crack tip region that is in excess of that needed for the creation of new free surfaces during crack advance is converted to heat within the cohesive zone. Bulk dissipation mechanisms, such as plasticity, are not accounted for. Several cohesive traction laws are examined, and the model is then used to make predictions of crack tip heating at various crack propagation speeds in the nominally brittle amorphous polymer PMMA, observed to fail by a crazing-type mechanism. The heating predictions are compared to experimental data where the temperature field surrounding a high speed crack in PMMA was measured. Measurements are made in real time using a multi-point high speed HgCdTe infrared radiation detector array. At the same time as temperature, simultaneous measurement of fracture energy is made by a strain gauge technique, and crack tip speed is monitored through a resistance ladder method. Material strength can be estimated through uniaxial tension tests, thus minimizing the need for,parameter fitting in the stress-opening traction law. Excellent agreement between experiments and theory is found for two of the cohesive traction law temperature predictions; but only for the case where a single craze is active during the dynamic fracture of PMMA, i.e. crack tip speed up to approximately 0.2c(R). For higher speed fracture where subsurface damage becomes prominent, the line dissipation model of a cohesive zone is inadequate, and a distributed damage model is needed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM,TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Lambros, J (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 32 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD JUN PY 2003 VL 51 IS 6 BP 1147 EP 1170 DI 10.1016/S0022-5096(02)00145-X PG 24 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 668PP UT WOS:000182302600009 ER PT J AU Lombardo, J Burkom, H Elbert, E Magruder, S Lewis, SH Loschen, W Sari, J Sniegoski, C Wojcik, R Pavlin, J AF Lombardo, J Burkom, H Elbert, E Magruder, S Lewis, SH Loschen, W Sari, J Sniegoski, C Wojcik, R Pavlin, J TI A systems overview of the Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-Based Epidemics (ESSENCE II) SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National Syndromic Surveillance Conference CY SEP 23-24, 2002 CL NEW YORK ACAD MED, NEW YORK, NEW YORK HO NEW YORK ACAD MED DE evaluation; nontraditional; surveillance; syndromes; test bed AB The Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-Based Epidemics, or ESSENCE II, uses syndromic and nontraditional health information to provide very early warning of abnormal health conditions in the National Capital Area (NCA). ESSENCE II is being developed for the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections System and is the only known system to combine both military and civilian health care information for daily outbreak surveillance. The National Capital Area has a complicated, multijurisdictional structure that makes data sharing and integrated regional surveillance challenging. However, the strong military presence in all jurisdictions facilitates the collection of health care information across the region. ESSENCE II integrates clinical and nonclinical human behavior indicators as a means of identifying the abnormality as close to the time of onset of symptoms as possible. Clinical data sets include emergency room syndromes, private practice billing codes grouped into syndromes, and veterinary syndromes. Nonclinical data include absenteeism, nurse hotline calls, prescription medications, and over-the-counter self-medications. Correctly using information marked by varying degrees of uncertainty is one of the more challenging aspects of this program. The data (without personal identifiers) are captured in an electronic format, encrypted, archived, and processed at a secure facility. Aggregated information is then provided to users on secure Web sites. When completed, the system will provide automated capture, archiving, processing, and notification of abnormalities to epidemiologists and analysts. Outbreak detection methods currently include temporal and spatial variations of odds ratios, autoregressive modeling, cumulative summation, matched filter, and scan statistics. Integration of nonuniform data is needed to increase sensitivity and thus enable the earliest notification possible. The performance of various detection techniques was compared using results obtained from the ESSENCE II system. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Syst, Washington, DC USA. RP Lombardo, J (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. NR 20 TC 63 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD JUN PY 2003 VL 80 IS 2 SU 1 BP I32 EP I42 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 690QR UT WOS:000183560800007 PM 12791777 ER PT J AU Pavlin, JA AF Pavlin, JA TI Investigation of disease outbreaks detected by "syndromic" surveillance systems SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National Syndromic Surveillance Conference CY SEP 23-24, 2002 CL NEW YORK ACAD MED, NEW YORK, NEW YORK HO NEW YORK ACAD MED DE epidemiology; outbreak investigation; syndromic surveillance ID BIOTERRORISM AB Syndromic surveillance systems can detect potential disease outbreaks quickly and can provide useful tools to assist in outbreak investigation. The steps used to investigate diseases detected through these newer methods are not that different from traditional investigative measures, but the differences and limitations of the systems must be understood. With syndromic surveillance systems, there is often readily available electronic demographic information that can help define the epidemic and direct disease control measures. The diagnosis needs to be confirmed as quickly as possible, however, as specific diagnostic information will be missing with early detection from nonspecific data. It is also important not to disregard smaller, nonsevere rises in disease incidence as they might be a harbinger of a worsening outbreak. The rapidity of most syndromic surveillance systems also requires an equally rapid response, and planning must be done to prioritize alert categories and the response sequence to best utilize the information available in these new systems. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Field Studies, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Pavlin, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Field Studies, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD JUN PY 2003 VL 80 IS 2 SU 1 BP I107 EP I114 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 690QR UT WOS:000183560800015 PM 12791785 ER PT J AU Solberg, VB Miller, JA Hadfield, T Burge, R Schech, JM Pound, JM AF Solberg, VB Miller, JA Hadfield, T Burge, R Schech, JM Pound, JM TI Control of Ixodes scapularis (Acari : Ixodidae) with topical self-application of permethrin by white-tailed deer inhabiting NASA, Beltsville, Maryland SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tick control; deer ticks; deer ectoparasites; '4 Poster'; Lyme disease ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; SOUTHERN NEW-YORK; DAMMINI ACARI; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; REDUCED ABUNDANCE; TICKS ACARI; CONNECTICUT; INFECTION; DISPERSAL AB We report the first successful area-wide reduction of Ixodes scapularis by using minimal amounts of permethrin self-applied by free-ranging white-tailed deer in as little as 3 y of nearly continuous treatment. The study to control all active stages of I. scapularis Say was initiated in April 1995, at the Goddard Space Flight Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Beltsville, Maryland (treated location), and the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Maryland (non-treated location). The locations had similar flora and fauna, and pre-treatment sampling (April to October 1995) of deer, plots, and mice for L scapularis indicated nearly similar tick populations at both locations. After pre-treatment sampling, 4 deer '4-poster' stations were placed at NASA, while the control area received none. Ten percent permethrin, supplied to 4 roller covers on each station, was passively transferred to the head, neck, and ears of free-ranging deer feeding at the stations. This treatment resulted in elimination of adult I. scapularis on sampled deer (100% control) by the 2(nd) y of treatment and reductions of immature tick stages on mice. During the 31 y of treatment, adult, nymphal, and larval questing ticks were reduced by 91-100% from sampled plots, and nymphal and larval ticks were reduced by 70-95% on sampled mice. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res La, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. Armed Forces Inst Res, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Solberg, VB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 47 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 EI 1948-7134 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 28 IS 1 BP 117 EP 134 PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 693MR UT WOS:000183721800014 PM 12831136 ER PT J AU Edzwald, JK Tobiason, JE Udden, CT Kaminski, GS Dunn, HJ Galant, PB Kelley, MB AF Edzwald, JK Tobiason, JE Udden, CT Kaminski, GS Dunn, HJ Galant, PB Kelley, MB TI Evaluation of the effect of recycle of waste filter backwash water on plant removals of Cryptosporidium SO JOURNAL OF WATER SUPPLY RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-AQUA LA English DT Article DE coagulation; Cryptosporidium; dissolved air flotation; filtration; sedimentation; waste filter backwash AB Pilot-scale experiments investigated the removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts and any effects from the recycle (10% rate) of untreated waste filter backwash water (FBWW) for two treatment plant types, with dual media filtration for both plants. dissolved air flotation (DAF) and plate sedimentation, Experiments assessed performance for design hydraulic loadings and detention times and for two seasons (summer and winter). DAF clarification achieved about 2 log oocyst removal for both seasons either with or without recycle of FBW. Plate settling in the summer achieved 1.8-1.9 log oocyst removal with no effects from recycle of FBW. Plate settling performance was poorer in the winter at about 1 log oocyst removal without recycle, and decreased slightly with recycle of FBW. No effects were found from recycle of FBW on DAF and filtration performance for turbidity and particle counts (2-15 mum). There were no or minor effects for the same parameters on plate settling performance and no effects on filter performance. For both treatment plants, no oocysts; were found in the dual media filter effluent either with or without recycle of FBW. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. CH2M Hill Inc, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Aquar Water Co Connecticut, Bridgeport, CT 06606 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Edzwald, JK (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU I W A PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0003-7214 J9 J WATER SUPPLY RES T JI J. Water Supply Res Technol.-Aqua PD JUN PY 2003 VL 52 IS 4 BP 243 EP 258 PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 699MP UT WOS:000184060800001 ER PT J AU Kabir, HRH Al-Khaleefi, AM Diab, G AF Kabir, HRH Al-Khaleefi, AM Diab, G TI Application of Lagrange multiplier method to rectangular all-edge clamped plates SO KUWAIT JOURNAL OF SCIENCE & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE thin plate; Lagrange multiplier; clamped rectangular plates ID BOUNDARY CONSTRAINT; LAMINATION AB An analytical form of a solution to the boundary-value problem of thin all-edge clamped rectangular plates of an isotropic material subjected to a uniform gravity loading is presented. A generalized solution technique developed by Kabir and Chaudhuri (1992) is further advanced to a thin plate boundary-value problem to solve three highly coupled second-order partial differential equations with constant coefficients resulting from the application of the First Order Shear Deformation Theory. The solution functions are selected in such a way that they satisfy the clamped boundary conditions in a manner similar to the Navier method. The Lagrange Multiplier Method is applied to the First Order Shear Deformation-based formulation for all-edge clamped boundary conditions in obtaining a thin plate response. The numerical results presented include deflection and bending moment characteristics, and variations of these quantities with respect to various aspect ratios. The numerical results obtained from the present study are compared with the available classical thin plate results, First Order Shear Deformation Theory-based analytical and finite element results. The limitations of the Lagrange Multiplier Method to the present application are also discussed. C1 Kuwait Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Kuwait 13060, Kuwait. USA, NASA, Engn & Anal Div, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. Gulf Int Inspect Co, Safat 13110, Kuwait. RP Al-Khaleefi, AM (reprint author), Kuwait Univ, Dept Civil Engn, POB 5969, Kuwait 13060, Kuwait. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PUBLICATION COUNCIL PI KHALDIYA PA PO BOX 17225, KHALDIYA 72453, KUWAIT SN 1024-8684 J9 KUWAIT J SCI ENG JI Kuwait J. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 30 IS 1 BP 153 EP 173 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 700LD UT WOS:000184112700012 ER PT J AU Pfannenstiel, TJ Boseley, M Roach, L AF Pfannenstiel, TJ Boseley, M Roach, L TI A case of paranasal sinus angiolipoma SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article DE angiolipoma; head and neck; paranasal sinus; benign mass; medial maxillectomy ID INFILTRATING ANGIOLIPOMA AB Objective. To present the first documented case of an angiolipoma of the maxillary sinus, our treatment of the patient, and the 1-year follow-up results. At the conclusion of the report, the reader should be able to discuss the incidence, treatment options, and long-term prognosis of angiolipomas of the paranasal sinuses. Study Design: A case study reporting on a single patient with the diagnosis of maxillary sinus angiolipoma. Methods. Review of diagnostic studies, the operative technique, and the patient's chart for the 1-year period after treatment. Results. The patient remains free of disease 1 year after definitive surgical treatment. Conclusions. Angiolipomas are exceedingly rare in this location. The accepted treatment for this disease in other regions of the body consists of wide local excision with close follow-up. The extent of the disease found in this patient required a medial maxillectomy for en bloc resection. We would advocate such an approach for other physicians who are faced with a patient with this rare diagnosis. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Pfannenstiel, TJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUN PY 2003 VL 113 IS 6 BP 1080 EP 1081 DI 10.1097/00005537-200306000-00031 PG 2 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 687RZ UT WOS:000183391900031 PM 12782827 ER PT J AU Burger, C Ran, S Fang, DF Cookson, D Yabuki, K Teramoto, Y Cunniff, PM Viccaro, PJ Hsiao, BS Chu, B AF Burger, C Ran, S Fang, DF Cookson, D Yabuki, K Teramoto, Y Cunniff, PM Viccaro, PJ Hsiao, BS Chu, B TI Time-resolved structural studies in fiber processing SO MACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th International Symposium on Macromolecules CY JUL 07-12, 2002 CL BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Chinese Chem Soc DE high performance polymers; fibers; spinning; WAXS; SAXS AB Time-resolved and off-line synchrotron wide-angle and small-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS and SAXS) was used to study the structure formation in poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole (PBO) fibers during various stages of spinning, coagulation, and heating processes. WAXS data could be explained in terms of liquid-crystalline structures of varying degrees of order. A structure model is proposed that is in accordance with the observed SAXS four-point pattern. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia. Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, ChemMat CARS, Argonne, IL USA. Toyobo Co Ltd, Res Ctr, Otsu, Shiga, Japan. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Chu, B (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1022-1360 J9 MACROMOL SYMP JI Macromol. Symp. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 195 BP 297 EP 302 DI 10.1002/masy.200390138 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 706UX UT WOS:000184474400039 ER PT J AU Perich, MJ Kardec, A Braga, IA Portal, IF Burge, R Zeichner, BC Brogdon, WA Wirtz, RA AF Perich, MJ Kardec, A Braga, IA Portal, IF Burge, R Zeichner, BC Brogdon, WA Wirtz, RA TI Field evaluation of a lethal ovitrap against dengue vectors in Brazil SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Aedes albopictus; container breeding; dengue vectors; lethal ovitrap; mosquito control; pupa survey; Rio de Janeiro; Brazil ID AEDES-AEGYPTI AB Field evaluation of a 'lethal ovitrap' (LO) to control dengue vector Aedes mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), was undertaken in two Brazilian municipalities, Areia Branca and Nilopolis, in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The LO is designed to kill Aedes via an insecticide-treated ovistrip (impregnated with deltamethrin). In each municipality, the intervention was applied to a group of 30 houses (10 LOs/house) and compared to 30 houses without LOs in the same neighbourhood. Five LOs were put outside and five LOs inside each treated house. Three methods of monitoring Aedes density were employed: (i) percentage of containers positive for larvae and/or pupae; (ii) total pupae/house; (iii) total adult females/house collected by aspirator indoors. Weekly mosquito surveys began during the month before LO placement, by sampling from different groups of 10 houses/week for 3 weeks pre-intervention (i.e. 30 houses/month) and for 3 months post-intervention in both treated and untreated areas. Prior to LO placement at the end of February 2001, Aedes aegypti (L) densities were similar among houses scheduled for LO treatment and comparison (untreated control) at each municipality. Very few Ae. albopictus (Skuse) were found and this species was excluded from the assessment. Post-intervention densities of Ae. aegypti were significantly reduced for most comparators (P < 0.01), as shown by fewer positive containers (4-5 vs. 10-18) and pupae/house (0.3-0.7 vs. 8-10) at LO-treated vs. untreated houses, 3 months post-treatment at both municipalities. Numbers of adult Ae. aegypti females indoors were consistently reduced in LO-treated houses at Areia Branca (3.6 vs. 6.8/house 3 months post-intervention) but not at Niloplis (&SIM;3/house, attributed to immigration). These results demonstrate sustained impact of LOs on dengue vector population densities in housing conditions of Brazilian municipalities. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Fundacao Nacl Saude, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Fundacao Nacl Saude, Brasilia, Brazil. USA, Med Res Unit, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Perich, MJ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. NR 17 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 3 U2 9 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 205 EP 210 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2003.00427.x PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 692CB UT WOS:000183641800011 PM 12823838 ER PT J AU Sliney, D AF Sliney, D TI Ocular hazards from optical and mm-wave radiation - Implications for medical imaging SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Physicists-in-Medicine CY AUG 10-14, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Assoc Physicists Med C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prev Med, Fallston, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1542 EP 1542 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 692JT UT WOS:000183658500932 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA AF Convertino, VA TI Baroreflex-mediated heart rate and vascular resistance responses 24 h after maximal exercise SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE autonomic function; blood pressure; central venous pressure; phenylephrine; neck pressure; lower body negative pressure; countermeasures ID BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; INTENSE EXERCISE; PLASMA-VOLUME; INDUCED HYPERVOLEMIA; VAGAL BAROREFLEX; ORTHOSTATIC INTOLERANCE; SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY; INTERMITTENT EXERCISE; ALBUMIN SYNTHESIS; BLOOD-VOLUME AB Introduction. Plasma volume, heart rate (HR) variability, and stimulus-response relationships for baroreflex control of forearm vascular resistance (FVR) and HR were studied in eight healthy men after and without performing a bout of maximal exercise to test the hypotheses that acute expansion of plasma volume is associated with 1) reduction in baroreflex-mediated HR response, and 2) altered operational range for central venous pressure (CVP). Methods. The relationship between stimulus (DeltaCVP) and vasoconstrictive reflex response (DeltaFVR) during unloading of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors was assessed with lower-body negative pressure (LBNP, 0, -5, -10, -15, -20 mm Hg). The relationship between stimulus (Deltamean arterial pressure (MAP)) and cardiac reflex response (DeltaHR) during loading of arterial baroreceptors was assessed with steady-state infusion of phenylephrine (PE) designed to increase MAP by 15 mm Hg alone and during application of LBNP (PE+LBNP) and neck pressure (PE+LBNP+NP). Measurements of vascular volume and autonomic baroreflex responses were conducted on two different test days, each separated by at least 1 wk. On one day, baroreflex response was tested 24 It after graded cycle exercise to volitional exhaustion. On another day, measurement of baroreflex response was repeated with no exercise (control). The order of exercise and control treatments was counterbalanced. Results. Baseline CVP was elevated (P=0.04) from a control value of 10.5+/-0.4 to 12.3+/-0.4 mm Hg 24 h after exercise. Average DeltaFVR/DeltaCVP during LBNP was not different (P=0.942) between the exercise (-1.35+/-0.32 pru.mm Hg-1) and control (-1.32+/-0.36 pru.mm Hg-1) conditions. However, maximal exercise caused a shift along the reflex response relationship to a higher CVP and lower FVR. HR baroreflex response (DeltaHR/DeltaMAP) to PE+LBNP+NP was lower (P=0.015) after maximal exercise (-0.43+/-0.15 beats.min(-1).mm Hg-1) compared with the control condition (-0.83+/-0.14 beats.min(-1).mm Hg-1). Conclusion. Expansion of vascular volume after acute exercise is associated with altered operational range for CVP and reduced HR response to arterial baroreceptor stimulation. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 35 IS 6 BP 970 EP 977 DI 10.1249/01.MSS.0000069753.92706.DD PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 687PK UT WOS:000183385500012 PM 12783045 ER PT J AU Aman, MJ Bosio, CM Panchal, RG Burnett, JC Schmaljohn, A Bavari, S AF Aman, MJ Bosio, CM Panchal, RG Burnett, JC Schmaljohn, A Bavari, S TI Molecular mechanisms of filovirus cellular trafficking SO MICROBES AND INFECTION LA English DT Review DE filovirus; assembly; budding; viral entry; rafts; endocytic pathway ID EBOLA-VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; LIPID RAFT MICRODOMAINS; MATRIX PROTEIN VP40; MARBURG-VIRUS; MEMBRANE ASSOCIATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SENDAI VIRUS; DOMAIN; ENTRY; TSG101 AB The filoviruses, Ebola and Marburg, are two of the most pathogenic viruses, causing lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans. Recent discoveries suggest that filoviruses, along with other phylogenetically or functionally related viruses, utilize a complex mechanism of replication exploiting multiple cellular components including lipid rafts, endocytic compartments, and vacuolar protein sorting machinery. In this review, we summarize these recent findings and discuss the implications for vaccine and therapeutics development. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 Clin Res Management Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, USAMRIID, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, SAIC, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Dev Therapeut Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Aman, MJ (reprint author), Clin Res Management Inc, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RI Bosio, Catharine/D-7456-2015 NR 69 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 7 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 1286-4579 J9 MICROBES INFECT JI Microbes Infect. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 5 IS 7 BP 639 EP 649 DI 10.1016/S1286-4579(03)00095-9 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 701PX UT WOS:000184176900009 PM 12787740 ER PT J AU Spears, MJL AF Spears, MJL TI Sitting in the dock of the day: Applying lessons learned from the prosecution of war criminals and other bad actors in post conflict Iraq and beyond SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 Ist Cavalry Div, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Spears, MJL (reprint author), Ist Cavalry Div, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. NR 79 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 176 BP 96 EP 189 PG 94 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 712JD UT WOS:000184793800002 ER PT J AU Behan, MCW AF Behan, MCW TI Don't tug on superman's cape: In defense of convening authority selection and appointment of court-martial panel members SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID MILITARY-JUSTICE SYSTEM; RULE-MAKING PROCESS; ARTICLE-III; CAUTIOUS SKEPTICISM; CONSTITUTION; LECTURE C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Criminal Law Dept, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Behan, MCW (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Criminal Law Dept, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 78 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 176 BP 190 EP 308 PG 119 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 712JD UT WOS:000184793800003 ER PT J AU Smawley, MGR AF Smawley, MGR TI Shoeshine boy to major general: A summary and analysis of An Oral History of Major General Hugh R. Overholt, United States Army (Retired) (1957-1989) SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Corps, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Smawley, MGR (reprint author), USA, Off Judge Advocate Gen, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 176 BP 309 EP 363 PG 55 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 712JD UT WOS:000184793800004 ER PT J AU Poche, CC AF Poche, CC TI The path to victory: America's army and the revolution in human affairs SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 51, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Poche, CC (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 51, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 176 BP 436 EP 443 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 712JD UT WOS:000184793800007 ER PT J AU Flippin, SE AF Flippin, SE TI Why we fight: Moral clarity and the war on terrorism SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Flippin, SE (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 176 BP 444 EP 451 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 712JD UT WOS:000184793800008 ER PT J AU Bowman, GL AF Bowman, GL TI The lessons of terror a history of warfare against civilians: Why it has always failed and why it will fail again SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 51, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Bowman, GL (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 51, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 176 BP 452 EP 458 PG 7 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 712JD UT WOS:000184793800009 ER PT J AU Birdsong, LA AF Birdsong, LA TI Kursk down SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 51, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Birdsong, LA (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 51, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 176 BP 459 EP 466 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 712JD UT WOS:000184793800010 ER PT J AU Johnson, CA AF Johnson, CA TI The eyes of orion SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 51, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Johnson, CA (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 51, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 176 BP 467 EP 474 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 712JD UT WOS:000184793800011 ER PT J AU Powell, JA Kimball, KA Mozo, BT Murphy, BA AF Powell, JA Kimball, KA Mozo, BT Murphy, BA TI Improved communications and hearing protection in helmet systems: The communications earplug SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Despite significant advances in hearing protection and compliance with protective standards, military personnel are still subject to noise-induced hearing loss in many combat and combat support operations. Although the Army has experienced a decrease of some 15% in primary hearing loss disability cases since 1986, a fiscal year 2000 report documents a 27.5% increase in audiograms, which demonstrated significant threshold shifts in assessed personnel (N = 841/1,077). Compensation for noise-induced hearing loss disability for the Army alone exceeded $180 million in 1998. Thus, communications and hearing protection remain critical issues for personnel involved in Army operations. Aircraft, ground vehicles, and weapons produce noise levels in excess of the limits defined in current hearing conservation standards. Performance of most helmets, improved over the years, remains marginal with regard to speech intelligibility. Furthermore, these helmets do not provide adequate hearing protection. The communications earplug, which consists of a high-quality earphone coupled with an earplug protector, provides the needed extra protection. It weighs less than 15 g and is comfortable when worn over extended periods. It is considered highly acceptable by seasoned Army aviators and crewmembers. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Powell, JA (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 168 IS 6 BP 431 EP 436 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AK UT WOS:000186550100002 PM 12834130 ER PT J AU Evans, RK Scoville, CR Ito, MA Mello, RP AF Evans, RK Scoville, CR Ito, MA Mello, RP TI Upper body fatiguing exercise and shooting performance SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MARKSMANSHIP; BIATHLON AB This study assessed the effect of upper extremity muscle fatigue on shooting performance while in a standing, unsupported firing position. Nine male and three female soldiers fired at targets before and after performing upper extremity exercise to fatigue using both (1) an upper body ergometer and (2) a Military Operations in Urban Terrain obstacle course. Shooting accuracy, assessed by the number of hits, misses, and shot group size, was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) immediately following both types of exercise and recovered to pre-exercise values within 5 minutes for all measures except the number of misses, which returned to pre-exercise values by 10 minutes. There was no relationship between fitness measures and shooting performance, although muscle endurance was a factor in the duration of exercise prior to fatigue. We conclude that shooting accuracy recovers rapidly in fit soldiers following fatiguing lifting, climbing, and pulling activity. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Evans, RK (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 168 IS 6 BP 451 EP 456 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AK UT WOS:000186550100006 PM 12834134 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Hauret, KG Lange, JL Jovag, B AF Knapik, JJ Hauret, KG Lange, JL Jovag, B TI Retention in service of recruits assigned to the army physical fitness test enhancement program in basic combat training SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAXIMAL AEROBIC POWER; FAMILIAL AGGREGATION; BODY-FAT; EXERCISE; INTENSITY; CAPACITY AB Recruits are assigned to the Army Physical Fitness Test Enhancement Program (APFTEP) if they are unable to pass the final Army physical fitness test at the end of basic combat training (BCT). The U.S. Army Medical Command tasked the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine to examine the retention in service of individuals completing this program. To accomplish this tasking, the following data were obtained: a list of APFTEP recruits at Fort Jackson, South Carolina between January 1999 and June 2001; a list of BCT graduates from the Army Training Requirements and Resources System; and a comparison group of non-APFTEP recruits matched 3 to 1 on the basis of age, gender, Army entry date ( +/- 30 days), BCT location, and active Army status from the Army Medical Surveillance Activity. We found that the proportion of recruits who successfully completed the APFTEP and graduated from BCT (85% of men, 80% of women) was lower than documented graduation rates for all recruits (93% of men, 87% of women). Retention in service after 1 year was also lower for APFTEP recruits than for non- APFTEP recruits among both men (74% vs. 92%, p < 0.01) and women (63% vs. 84%, p < 0.01). Despite the lower BCT graduation success and retention in service for APFTEP recruits, the program does assist in retaining soldiers who would otherwise be discharged for failing the Army physical fitness test. Thus, the program may be a useful tool for limiting attrition. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Training Ctr, Ft Jackson, SC USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 168 IS 6 BP 490 EP 492 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AK UT WOS:000186550100016 PM 12834143 ER PT J AU Bundy, DW Tilton, DM AF Bundy, DW Tilton, DM TI Delayed hemothorax after blunt trauma without rib fractures SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Delayed hemothorax after blunt trauma is a rare, significantly morbid entity described in the current literature associated with displaced rib fractures. This report describes a case of delayed hemothorax after blunt trauma without rib fracture. The patient presented to a routine clinic appointment 72 hours after injuring himself while snowboarding. Chest radiographs at initial visit were negative for significant pathology. Eight hours later, the patient presented again with worsening chest pain and dyspnea. Repeat radiographs revealed a large right-sided hemothorax. The patient was treated with tube thoracostomy and remained an inpatient for 6 days. This case is unique because, unlike previously reported delayed hemothorax after blunt trauma, this patient had no evidence of rib fractures. C1 USA, Hlth Clin, SHAPE, APO, AE 09705 USA. RP Bundy, DW (reprint author), USA, Hlth Clin, SHAPE, Unit 21414 Box 182, APO, AE 09705 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 168 IS 6 BP 501 EP 502 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AK UT WOS:000186550100019 PM 12834146 ER PT J AU McConkey, SJ Reece, WHH Moorthy, VS Webster, D Dunachie, S Butcher, G Vuola, JM Blanchard, TJ Gothard, P Watkins, K Hannan, CM Everaere, S Brown, K Kester, KE Cummings, J Williams, J Heppner, DG Pathan, A Flanagan, K Arulanantham, N Roberts, MTM Roy, M Smith, GL Schneider, J Peto, T Sinden, RE Gilbert, SC Hill, AVS AF McConkey, SJ Reece, WHH Moorthy, VS Webster, D Dunachie, S Butcher, G Vuola, JM Blanchard, TJ Gothard, P Watkins, K Hannan, CM Everaere, S Brown, K Kester, KE Cummings, J Williams, J Heppner, DG Pathan, A Flanagan, K Arulanantham, N Roberts, MTM Roy, M Smith, GL Schneider, J Peto, T Sinden, RE Gilbert, SC Hill, AVS TI Enhanced T-cell immunogenicity of plasmid DNA vaccines boosted by recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara in humans SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ADOPTIVE TRANSFER; TUMOR-REGRESSION; IN-VIVO; INDUCTION; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINATION AB In animals, effective immune responses against malignancies and against several infectious pathogens, including malaria, are mediated by T cells. Here we show that a heterologous prime-boost vaccination regime of DNA either intramuscularly or epidermally, followed by intradermal recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), induces high frequencies of interferon (IFN)-gamma-secreting, antigen-specific T-cell responses in humans to a pre-erythrocytic malaria antigen, thrombospondin-related adhesion protein (TRAP). These responses are five-to tenfold higher than the T-cell responses induced by the DNA vaccine or recombinant MVA vaccine alone, and produce partial protection manifest as delayed parasitemia after sporozoite challenge with a different strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Such heterologous prime-boost immunization approaches may provide a basis for preventative and therapeutic vaccination in humans. C1 Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol Sci, London SW7 2AZ, England. Univ Oxford, Sir William Dunn Sch Pathol, Oxford OX1 3RE, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. PowderJect Vaccines, Madison, WI 53711 USA. Oxford BioBusiness Ctr, Oxxon Pharmaccines, Oxford OX4 4SS, England. RP Hill, AVS (reprint author), Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford OX3 9DU, England. RI HILL, Adrian/C-1306-2008; Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; McConkey, Samuel/E-7307-2012; OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; McConkey, Samuel/0000-0001-9085-7793; Gilbert, Sarah/0000-0002-6823-9750 NR 44 TC 419 Z9 430 U1 2 U2 15 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 9 IS 6 BP 729 EP 735 DI 10.1038/nm881 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 688PH UT WOS:000183444100028 PM 12766765 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, MR Ray, JC AF Chowdhury, MR Ray, JC TI Accelerometers for bridge load testing SO NDT & E INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Structural Faults and Repairs CY JUL 04-06, 2001 CL LONDON, ENGLAND DE bridge evaluation; NDE; load testing AB This paper describes a load-test procedure using accelerometer response and compares the results with that obtained using the traditionally used strain-gage data. The load rating provides an approximate load capacity of a bridge based on the available capacity of a critical girder for a predefined loading path. The results indicate that the accelerometer can conveniently extract information of bridges independent of their physical conditions. Application of accelerometers can remarkably enhance the response measurement of cracked concrete girders for bridge load rating. The proposed procedure can be useful in monitoring bridge performance over time and measuring the effectiveness of bridge retrofitting by comparing pre- and post-repair capacities. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Chowdhury, MR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL,WMMB,ALC, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0963-8695 J9 NDT&E INT JI NDT E Int. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 237 EP 244 AR PII S0963-5695(02)00068-3 DI 10.1016/S0963-8695(02)00068-3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 663NA UT WOS:000182010600007 ER PT J AU Okamoto, M Leung, KP Ansai, T Sugimoto, A Maeda, N AF Okamoto, M Leung, KP Ansai, T Sugimoto, A Maeda, N TI Inhibitory effects of green tea catechins on protein tyrosine phosphatase in Prevotella intermedia SO ORAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE catechin; alkaline phosphatase; protein tyrosine phosphatase; Prevotella; Porphyromonas ID EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; PORPHYROMONAS-GINGIVALIS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PURIFICATION; MACROPHAGES; BACTERIUM; ADHERENCE; RELEASE; CELLS AB Members of the Prevotella intermedia group possess protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of catechin derivatives from Japanese green tea on the activity of PTPase in P. intermedia and related organisms. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis of alkaline phosphatase derived from P. intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens , Prevotella pallens and Porphyromonas gingivalis revealed a species-specific migration pattern. Among the tea catechin derivatives tested, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), similar to orthovanadate, a specific inhibitor for PTPase, was effective in inhibiting the PTPase activity in P. intermedia at 0.5 mum, and related species at 5 mum. The results suggested that the inhibitory effect observed is due to the presence of galloyl moiety in the structure. In contrast, neither the green tea catechins nor orthovanadate inhibited the phosphatase activity in P. gingivalis , suggesting that this organism possessed a different family of alkaline phosphatase. C1 Tsurumi Univ, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral Bacteriol, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2308501, Japan. USA, Dent Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL USA. Kyushu Dent Coll, Dept Prevent Dent, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan. Itoen Ltd, Shizuoka, Japan. RP Okamoto, M (reprint author), Tsurumi Univ, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral Bacteriol, Tsurumi Ku, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Kanagawa 2308501, Japan. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0902-0055 J9 ORAL MICROBIOL IMMUN JI Oral Microbiol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 18 IS 3 BP 192 EP 195 DI 10.1034/j.1399-302X.2003.00056.x PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Immunology; Microbiology SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Immunology; Microbiology GA 677XR UT WOS:000182834900011 PM 12753472 ER PT J AU Lucas, JB Salyer, RD Watson, DW AF Lucas, JB Salyer, RD Watson, DW TI Gangrenous primary cutaneous mucormycosis of the scalp in an iatrogenically immunosuppressed trauma patient SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Lucas, JB (reprint author), 539 Wheaton Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 128 IS 6 BP 912 EP 914 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(03)00463-7 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 694CC UT WOS:000183755400026 PM 12825050 ER PT J AU Jabbari, B Maher, N Difazio, MP AF Jabbari, B Maher, N Difazio, MP TI Botulinum toxin a improved burning pain and allodynia in two patients with spinal cord pathology SO PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pain; spinal cord; botulinum toxin A; Botox ID DORSAL-ROOT GANGLIA; GLUTAMATE; INJURY; INJECTIONS AB Objective. To report the effect of botulinum toxin A in two patients with burning pain and allodynia of spinal cord origin. Design, Setting, Patients. Two patients with spinal cord lesions at the cervical level (tumor and stroke) experienced exquisite skin sensitivity and spontaneous burning pain in dermatomes corresponding to the cord lesions. Botulinum toxin A (Botox(R) ) was injected subcutaneously at multiple points (16 to 20 sites, 5 units/site) in the area of burning pain and allodynia. Results. Both patients reported significant improvement in spontaneous burning pain and allodynia in visual analogue scale and clinical measures. The analgesic effect of botulinum toxin A lasted at least 3 months and was sustained over follow-up periods of 2 and 3 years with repeated administration at 4-month intervals. Conclusion. Subcutaneous application of botulinum toxin A relieved central burning pain and allodynia in two patients with spinal cord pathology. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jabbari, B (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 25 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1526-2375 J9 PAIN MED JI Pain Med. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 4 IS 2 BP 206 EP 210 DI 10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03013.x PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 687GM UT WOS:000183368200014 PM 12873271 ER PT J AU Peikrishvili, A Kecskes, L Chikhradze, N Dgebuadze, A AF Peikrishvili, A Kecskes, L Chikhradze, N Dgebuadze, A TI Explosive consolidation and jacketing of tungsten base materials in hot conditions SO POWDER METALLURGY LA English DT Article ID POWDERS AB The process of consolidation of nanocrystalline W and clad W-(15-50%)Cu composition powders, as well as jacketing of conventional heavy alloys by steel in hot conditions under shock wave loading, was studied. The temperature of loading was in the range 20-1200degreesC and intensity of loading was up to 10 GPa. As investigation showed, the application of high temperatures and consolidation of W and W-Cu composition powders in two stages (first at room temperatures and second, in hot conditions) enables the powders to be compacted to near theoretical densities with high value of hardness. The value of density and hardness depends on treatment temperature and the content of Cu in composition. The investigation, of joining processes and jacketing of W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys (WHA) by steel showed that, depending on the loading temperature, it is possible to achieve the jacketing by steel with the formation of an intermediate layer upon the whole length of the WHA. The structure of the intermediate layer, as well its properties, depend on the value of the loading temperature. (C) 2003 IoM Communications Ltd. Published by Maney for the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining. C1 Inst Min & Technol, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Peikrishvili, A (reprint author), Inst Min & Technol, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. EM stcug@geo.net.ge RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 NR 15 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0032-5899 EI 1743-2901 J9 POWDER METALL JI Powder Metall. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 46 IS 2 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1179/003258903225005277 PG 5 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 710PQ UT WOS:000184689000020 ER PT J AU Belanich, J Fields, L AF Belanich, J Fields, L TI Generalized equivalence classes as response transfer networks SO PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD LA English DT Article ID STIMULUS EQUIVALENCE; CONDITIONAL DISCRIMINATION; ACQUIRED EQUIVALENCE; PERCEPTUAL CLASSES; CATEGORIES; EXPANSION; CHILDREN; ESTABLISHMENT; ANTECEDENT; EMERGENCE AB College students formed 2 perceptual classes and then two 3-node 5-member equivalence classes in a matching-to-sample procedure. One stimulus in each perceptual class was also a member of 1 equivalence class. The subjects in Groups 1 and 2 formed equivalence classes where each node served 2 stimulus functions. The subjects in Group 3 formed equivalence classes where each node served only 1 stimulus function. The number of functions served by the nodal stimuli influenced the speed of learning the conditional discriminations that were the prerequisites of the equivalence class. All subjects then selected members of an equivalence class in the presence of members of the linked perceptual class, demonstrating the emergence of 2 generalized equivalence classes. Thereafter, different responses were trained to 1 stimulus in each class, which varied across groups. The responses transferred to all remaining class members, regardless of the class member to which the response was trained, for all subjects in Groups 1 and 2, and for only 3 of 6 subjects in Group 3. Thus, the likelihood of response transfer through a generalized equivalence class varied with the number of functions served by the nodal stimuli. These results suggest that the strength of relations among the stimuli in an equivalence class was influenced by the number of functions served by nodal stimuli in the class. C1 CUNY Queens Coll, Flushing, NY 11367 USA. CUNY Grad Sch & Univ Ctr, New York, NY 10036 USA. RP Belanich, J (reprint author), USA, Res Inst, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 2 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD PI GAMBIER PA KENYON COLLEGE, GAMBIER, OH 43022 USA SN 0033-2933 J9 PSYCHOL REC JI Psychol. Rec. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 53 IS 3 BP 373 EP 413 PG 41 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 706UW UT WOS:000184474300003 ER PT J AU Schumm, WR Gade, PA Bell, DB AF Schumm, WR Gade, PA Bell, DB TI Dimensionality of military job satisfaction items: An exploratory factor analysis of data from the spring 1996 sample survey of military personnel SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ARMY AB The Sample Survey of Military Personnel in the spring of 1996 asked detailed questions of Army personnel about job satisfaction. Maximum likelihood factor analysis yielded four factors: satisfaction with supervision, with job environment, with the duty specifically, and with opportunity for development, factors similar to those used in Smith's Job Descriptive Index, 1992. Scales developed from these factors showed acceptable internal consistency reliability and correlated as expected with measures of satisfaction with Army life, retention, morale, combat preparedness, and overall job satisfaction. Some divergent validity was established with measures of personal/family stress and with previous job stress. Demographic data suggested that soldiers with higher education found more satisfying job opportunities while those with higher rank, more years of service, and higher age reported greater satisfaction with job fulfillment, perhaps a consequence of selection effects. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Schumm, WR (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. RI Dopko, Rae/J-7437-2015 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS PI MISSOULA PA P O BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0033-2941 J9 PSYCHOL REP JI Psychol. Rep. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 92 IS 3 BP 809 EP 819 DI 10.2466/PR0.92.3.809-819 PN 1 PG 11 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 688UL UT WOS:000183455000018 PM 12841447 ER PT J AU Schumm, WR Gade, PA Bell, DB AF Schumm, WR Gade, PA Bell, DB TI Dimensionality of military professional values items: An exploratory factor analysis of data from the spring 1996 sample survey of military personnel SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS LA English DT Article ID SELF-SELECTION AB The Sample Survey of Military Personnel in Spring 1996 included detailed questions specifically about soldiers' professional values, centered on personal beliefs about loyalty and integrity values. Maximum likelihood factor analysis yielded four factors, labeled military dedication, integrity, job commitment, and military bearing. Scales developed from these factors showed acceptable internal consistency reliability and correlated as expected with measures of satisfaction with Army life, retention, soldier morale, combat preparedness, and overall job satisfaction. A regression analysis indicated that the best predictors of loyalty to the Army and to the United States were job commitment and military bearing, not integrity, as had been expected. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Gade, PA (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, 5001 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22333 USA. RI Dopko, Rae/J-7437-2015 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS PI MISSOULA PA P O BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0033-2941 J9 PSYCHOL REP JI Psychol. Rep. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 92 IS 3 BP 831 EP 841 DI 10.2466/PR0.92.3.831-841 PN 1 PG 11 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 688UL UT WOS:000183455000023 PM 12841452 ER PT J AU Lincoln, JB AF Lincoln, JB TI Missing the target? SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Annandale, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI AMERICAN INC PI NEW YORK PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0036-8733 J9 SCI AM JI Sci.Am. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 288 IS 6 BP 14 EP 15 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 677ZU UT WOS:000182840500010 ER PT J AU Kelsch, TA Patel, U AF Kelsch, TA Patel, U TI Partial laryngectomy imaging SO SEMINARS IN ULTRASOUND CT AND MRI LA English DT Article ID CANCER; RADIOTHERAPY; CARCINOMAS; INVASION; SURGERY; LARYNX C1 Swedish Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. USA, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. RP Patel, U (reprint author), Swedish Med Ctr, Suite 900,1229 Madison St, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0887-2171 J9 SEMIN ULTRASOUND CT JI Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI PD JUN PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1053/sult.2003.S0887-2171(03)00039-8 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 697HW UT WOS:000183937400004 PM 12877411 ER PT J AU Mayers, KS Heller, JA AF Mayers, KS Heller, JA TI Sexuality and the late stage Huntington's disease patient SO SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY LA English DT Article DE Huntington's Disease; sexual function; sexuality; Huntington's Chorea AB Huntington's Disease (HD) is an irreversible subcortical dementia resulting in uncontrolled movement; loss of intellectual function; impaired memory, thought, speech and perception; and emotional disturbance. This study assessed sexual interests, needs related to sexuality, and intimacy issues in severely impaired, late stage HD patients through use of structured interviews. Results of interviews of a small population of HD patients residing in a long-term care facility are provided; interviews focused on sexuality issues, patients' perceptions of their intimate and sexual relationships, and their interest in discussing sexuality concerns with staff. Almost half of the patient population displayed an interest in discussing sexuality issues. Interview results indicated the need for caregivers to recognize that patients are sexual beings, with sexual needs, fantasies and wishes. HD patients have the potential to develop feelings of attraction, which must be dealt with in a clear, careful, sensitive manner. Suggestions are offered for ways in which caregiving staff could compensate for the sexual losses, including: providing a private room for a married patient to have intimate time with a spouse; offering sexually-oriented videos or reading materials if the individual wants them; providing romance novels and films; considering the possibility of providing a patient with a means to stimulate himself or herself. C1 USA, Army Reserv, Ft Carson, CO USA. USA, Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Mayers, KS (reprint author), 8721 Carlitas Joy Ct, Las Vegas, NV 89117 USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC-HUMAN SCIENCES PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0146-1044 J9 SEX DISABIL JI Sex. Disabil. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 91 EP 105 DI 10.1023/A:1025443300040 PG 15 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 724TC UT WOS:000185502000002 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Kim, J Ren, F Overberg, ME Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Lee, CM Chyi, JI Wilson, RG Zavada, JM AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Kim, J Ren, F Overberg, ME Thaler, GT Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Lee, CM Chyi, JI Wilson, RG Zavada, JM TI Electrical and electroluminescent properties of GaN light emitting diodes with the contact layer implanted with Mn SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SPIN INJECTION; SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURE; PERSISTENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; ION-IMPLANTATION; N-GAN; FILMS; FERROMAGNETISM; RECOMBINATION AB Electrical and luminescent properties of GaN/InGaN multiquantum well light emitting diodes (MQW LEDs) with the top p-GaN layer implanted with 3 x 10(16) cm(-2) Mn ions for potential spin-polarized emission are reported. The forward current in the Mn-implanted diodes was limited by filling of hole traps in the high-resistivity implanted region, the most shallow hole traps having the activation energy of 0.27 eV. Admittance spectroscopy and deep level transient spectroscopy measurements also revealed the presence in the implanted region of traps with apparent activation energies of 0.23, 0.43, 0.5, 0.65 and 0.85 eV. Microcathodoluminescence spectra of the implanted diodes are dominated by two defect bands, the blue band centered near 2.8 eV and the yellow band centered near 2.25 eV, in contrast to the MCL spectra of the virgin diodes dominated by the 2.67 eV band coming from recombination in the GaN/InGaN MQW region. The high resistivity of the implanted region and the high density of deep traps in this region lead to a strong increase in the threshold voltage for the onset of electroluminescence from about 4 V before implantation to about 8 V after implantation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 109107, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Polyakov, AY (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 5, Moscow 119270, Russia. RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015; Chyi, Jen-Inn/A-1799-2016 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175; NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 47 IS 6 BP 963 EP 968 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(02)00463-X PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 668EM UT WOS:000182277400004 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, GT Overberg, ME Frazier, R Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Lee, CM Chyi, JI Wilson, RG Zavada, JM AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Kim, J Ren, F Thaler, GT Overberg, ME Frazier, R Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Lee, CM Chyi, JI Wilson, RG Zavada, JM TI Comparison of the electrical and luminescent properties of p-layer-up and n-layer-up GaN/InGaN light emitting diodes and the effects of Mn doping of the upper n-layer SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; PERSISTENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SPIN INJECTION; GAN FILMS; SEMICONDUCTORS; FERROMAGNET AB Electrical and luminescent properties of normal p-side-up and inverted n-side-up light emitting diodes (p-LEDs and n-LEDs) and the effect of Mn incorporation into the upper n-type contact layer structure of GaN-based multiquantum-well MQW LEDs were studied. The latter structure is considered as promising for spintronic applications (spin-LED). It is shown that n-LEDs have more pronounced tunneling compared to p-LEDs and that the active region of the n-LEDs shows domain-like nonuniformities that are absent in p-LEDs. These nonuniformities seem to be related to local segregation of In in the GaN/InGaN MQWs and result in the emergency of double peaked electroluminescence (EL) spectra in n-LEDs. Introduction of Mn leads to strong increase of the resistivity of the GaMnN layer which gives rise to increased threshold voltage for observing the EL and decreased EL intensity. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 1090171, Russia. Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119270, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Natl Cent Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Polyakov, AY (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 5, Moscow 1090171, Russia. RI Kim, Jihyun/F-6940-2013; Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015; Chyi, Jen-Inn/A-1799-2016 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175; NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 47 IS 6 BP 981 EP 987 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(02)00472-0 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 668EM UT WOS:000182277400007 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Larkin, T Abdi, S Chang, A Stojanovic, M AF Cohen, SP Larkin, T Abdi, S Chang, A Stojanovic, M TI Risk factors for failure and complications of intradiscal electrothermal therapy: A pilot study SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE back pain; discogenic pain; discography; internal disc disruption; intradiscal electrothermal therapy ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; FOLLOW-UP; DISC AB Study Design. A bi-institutional, retrospective clinical data analysis. Objectives. To determine risk factors for failure and complications of intradiscal electrothermal therapy, a treatment for discogenic back pain. Summary of the Background Data. Intradiscal electrothermal therapy is a relatively new treatment for discogenic back pain. Though previous studies have shown it to be an effective treatment, there are few published studies examining complications and none examining risk factors for failure. Methods. The authors treated 79 patients with discogenic back pain using intradiscal electrothermal therapy. Complications were assessed by patient report and, when indicated, further diagnostic testing. Success or failure was determined by visual analogue pain scores at 6-month follow-up. Variables examined for their relationship to failure and complications were age, sex, duration of pain, number of levels heated, smoking history, diabetes, obesity, leg pain, and previous back surgery. Results. Forty-eight percent of patients reported more than 50% pain relief at their 6-month follow-up. There were eight complications (10%), most of which were self-limited and transient. The only risk factor associated with intradiscal electrothermal therapy failure was obesity (P = 0.01). Whereas 54% of nonobese patients reported good pain relief at 6 months, only one out of 10 obese patients had successful intradiscal electrothermal therapy. The obese patients in our study were more likely to have a complication from intradiscal electrothermal therapy than they were to obtain pain relief. Conclusion. The only risk factor found to be associated with IDET outcome was obesity, which was a strong predictor of failure. Obesity should be considered a relative contraindication to performing IDET. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesia, Pain Management Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med,MGH Pain Ctr, Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care, Boston, MA USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, 550 1st Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA. NR 17 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD JUN 1 PY 2003 VL 28 IS 11 BP 1142 EP 1147 DI 10.1097/00007632-200306010-00011 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 685GT UT WOS:000183254600010 PM 12782982 ER PT J AU Morris, TJ Gilbert, G Patterson, JM Poropatich, RK Clerici, DR Hendricks, CE Calcagni, D Roller, J AF Morris, TJ Gilbert, G Patterson, JM Poropatich, RK Clerici, DR Hendricks, CE Calcagni, D Roller, J TI "SMART" technologies for anti-terrorism and homeland security SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article C1 TATRC, USAMRMC, MCMR AT, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Telemed Directorate, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Morris, TJ (reprint author), TATRC, USAMRMC, MCMR AT, Patchel St,Bldg 1054, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD SUM PY 2003 VL 9 IS 2 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1089/153056203766437561 PG 4 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 694GQ UT WOS:000183766400011 PM 12855045 ER PT J AU DaSilva, L Cote, D Roy, C Martinez, M Duniho, S Pitt, MLM Downey, T Dertzbaugh, M AF DaSilva, L Cote, D Roy, C Martinez, M Duniho, S Pitt, MLM Downey, T Dertzbaugh, M TI Pulmonary gene expression profiling of inhaled ricin SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE cDNA array; inflammation; lungs; ricin ID MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN-3; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; MESSENGER-RNA; TISSUE-REPAIR; CELL; INFLAMMATION; THROMBOSPONDIN-1; TRISTETRAPROLIN; PROTEASES; REGULATOR AB Aerosol exposure to ricin causes irreversible pathological changes of the respiratory tract resulting in epithelial necrosis, pulmonary edema and ultimately death. The pulmonary genomic profile of BALB/c mice inhalationally exposed to a lethal dose of ricin was examined using cDNA arrays. The expression profile of 1178 mRNA species was determined for ricin-exposed lung tissue, in which 34 genes had statistically significant changes in gene expression. Transcripts identified by the assay included those that facilitate tissue healing (early growth response gene (egr)-1), regulate inflammation (interleukin (IL)-6, tristetraproline (ttp)), cell growth (c-myc, cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (cish)- 3), apoptosis (T-cell death associated protein (tdag)51, pim-1) and DNA repair (ephrin type A receptor 2 (ephA2)). Manipulation of these gene products may provide a means of limiting the severe lung damage occurring at the cellular level. Transcriptional activation of egr-1, cish-3, c-myc and thrombospondin (tsp)-1 was already apparent when pathological and physiological changes were observed in the lungs at 12 It postexposure. These genes may well serve as markers for ricin-induced pulmonary toxicity. Ongoing studies are evaluating this aspect of the array data and the potential of several genes for clinical intervention. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Partek Inc, St Charles, MO 63304 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Res Programs Off, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP DaSilva, L (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxinol & Aerobiol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 31 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JUN PY 2003 VL 41 IS 7 BP 813 EP 822 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(03)00035-7 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 692XJ UT WOS:000183685300010 PM 12782081 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, P Armstrong, RW Mannan, SL AF Rodriguez, P Armstrong, RW Mannan, SL TI The dependence of activation area on grain size in cadmium SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS LA English DT Article ID STRAIN RATE ANALYSIS; HCP METALS; DEFORMATION; BEHAVIOR AB From temperature cycling experiments with polycrystalline Cd, Mannan and Rodriguez [Mannan S L, and Rodriguez P, Acta Metall. 23 (1975) 221] had concluded that the thermal component of the flow stress is mainly in the Hall-Petch slope K-epsilon whereas the intercept sigma(0epsilon) is athermal. Further confirmation is presented in this paper through a re-analysis of the dependence of activation area A* (determined from their strain rate change experimental results) on grain size. A*(-1) vs l(-1/2) plots (l is the grain size) are proportional and from the slope of these plots, the thermal and athermal components of k(epsilon), k(mu)* and k(muepsilon) respectively, have been evaluated in reasonably quantitative manner. It is found somewhat surprisingly that k(muepsilon) can be negative at large strains and this is attributed to a larger grain size dependent work hardening for the coarser grain size material. C1 Def Res & Dev Org, Recruitment & Assessment Ctr, Delhi 110054, India. USA, AFRL, MNME, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Indira Gandhi Ctr Atom Res, Mat Dev Grp, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Rodriguez, P (reprint author), Def Res & Dev Org, Recruitment & Assessment Ctr, Delhi 110054, India. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIAN INST METALS PI CALCUTTA PA METAL HOUSE, PLOT 13/4, BLOCK AQ, SECTOR V, SALT LAKE, CALCUTTA 700 091, INDIA SN 0019-493X J9 T INDIAN I METALS JI Trans. Indian Inst. Met. PD JUN PY 2003 VL 56 IS 3 BP 189 EP 196 PG 8 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 709XU UT WOS:000184652500003 ER PT J AU O'Brien, C Frykman, PN AF O'Brien, C Frykman, PN TI Peripheral responses to cold: Case studies from an Arctic expedition SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY MAY 00-JUN 01, 2001 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Amer Coll Sports Med DE cold-induced vasodilation; peripheral blood flow; acclimatization; trench foot; load carriage ID RUCKSACK PARALYSIS; SKIN TEMPERATURE; FINGER; EXPOSURE; ADAPTATION; ACCLIMATION; INJURIES; JOURNEY; BODY AB Objective.-An Arctic expedition provided an opportunity to examine the interaction between cold injury and peripheral acclimatization. The conditions were similar to those during which acclimatization has been demonstrated, yet they were also conducive to development of peripheral cold injury. Methods.-Extremity digit temperatures were measured during 30-minute peripheral cold-water (4degreesC) immersion (CWI) in 2 explorers (R.G. and T.L.) before and after a 109-day Arctic ski trek (average T-air = -21degreesC). This self-supported trek involved carrying heavy backpacks (up to 45 kg) and hauling sleds (similar to100 kg). Results.-During the expedition, the explorers' hands did not sustain frostbite, but their feet developed moderate trench foot. Unexpectedly, both men exhibited lower mean finger temperatures during CWI after the expedition in right and left hands (R.G. by 0.9degreesC and 0.2degreesC; T.L. by 1.8degreesC and 1.1degreesC), suggesting peripheral acclimatization was impaired. In contrast, mean toe temperatures during CWI were warmer in both right and left feet for T.L. (by 3.6degreesC and 2.3degreesC) and in the left foot for R.G. (by 1.3degreesC) postexpedition. There was no change in R.G.'s right toe mean temperature. Conclusions.-We speculate that prolonged heavy load carriage may have impaired blood flow or nerve conduction in the hands and inhibited acclimatization. Our data also suggest that despite incidence of moderate trench foot, acclimatization can still occur after resolving this injury. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP O'Brien, C (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 14 IS 2 BP 112 EP 119 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(2003)014[0112:PRTCCS]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 692VD UT WOS:000183680200007 PM 12825886 ER PT J AU Hamlet, M AF Hamlet, M TI C. C. Ungley's "The immersion foot syndrome" - A commentary SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, RIEM, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Hamlet, M (reprint author), USA, RIEM, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD SUM PY 2003 VL 14 IS 2 BP 134 EP 134 DI 10.1580/1080-6032(2003)014[0134:CCUTIF]2.0.CO;2 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 692VD UT WOS:000183680200009 ER PT J AU Ramachandran, GK Hopson, TJ Rawlett, AM Nagahara, LA Primak, A Lindsay, SM AF Ramachandran, GK Hopson, TJ Rawlett, AM Nagahara, LA Primak, A Lindsay, SM TI A bond-fluctuation mechanism for stochastic switching in wired molecules SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; THERMAL-DESORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; ALKANETHIOL MONOLAYERS; SINGLE MOLECULES; EXCHANGE; AU(111); JUNCTIONS; SURFACE; GOLD AB Stochastic on-off conductivity switching observed in phenylene-ethynylene oligomers has been explained in terms of changes in ring conformations, or electron localization, or both. We report the observation of stochastic on-off switching in the simplest of wired molecules: octanedithiol, decanedithiol, and dodecanedithiol bonded on an Au(111) surface. Stochastic switching was observed even when a top gold contact was pressed on by a conducting atomic force microscope tip at constant force. The rate of switching increased substantially at 60 degreesC, a temperature at which these films are commonly annealed. Because such switching in alkanethiols is unlikely to be caused by internal molecular electronic changes and cannot be fully accounted for by breaking of the top contact, we argue that the cause is the well-known mobility of molecules tethered to gold via a thiol linkage. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Azbiodesign Inst, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Motorola Labs, Phys Sci Res Labs, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ramachandran, GK (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NR 24 TC 340 Z9 346 U1 5 U2 54 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAY 30 PY 2003 VL 300 IS 5624 BP 1413 EP 1416 DI 10.1126/science.1083825 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 683ZW UT WOS:000183181800039 PM 12775835 ER PT J AU Constantine, CA Mello, SV Dupont, A Cao, XH Santos, D Oliveira, ON Strixino, FT Pereira, EC Rastogi, V Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Leblanc, RM AF Constantine, CA Mello, SV Dupont, A Cao, XH Santos, D Oliveira, ON Strixino, FT Pereira, EC Rastogi, V Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Leblanc, RM TI Layer-by-layer self-assembled chitosan/poly(thiophene-3-acetic acid) and organophosphorus hydrolase multilayers (vol 125, pg 1805, 2003) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Correction C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RI Oliveira, Osvaldo/A-1714-2008; Strixino, Francisco/E-8000-2010 OI Oliveira, Osvaldo/0000-0002-5399-5860; Strixino, Francisco/0000-0002-0990-0270 NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 28 PY 2003 VL 125 IS 21 BP 6595 EP 6595 DI 10.1021/ja033447r PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 681HY UT WOS:000183031800048 ER PT J AU Wraback, M Shen, H Rudin, S Bellotti, E Goano, M Carrano, JC Collins, CJ Campbell, JC Dupuis, RD AF Wraback, M Shen, H Rudin, S Bellotti, E Goano, M Carrano, JC Collins, CJ Campbell, JC Dupuis, RD TI Direction-dependent band nonparabolicity effects on high-field transient electron transport in GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES; TRANSISTORS; NITRIDE; EPITAXY; INN; ALN AB Time-resolved electroabsorption measurements on an AlGaN/GaN heterojunction p-i-n diode provide evidence of electron velocity overshoot at fields as low as similar to130 kV/cm for transport in the c-direction of wurtzite GaN. Theoretical Monte Carlo calculations employing a full band structure indicate that at fields below similar to300 kV/cm, this velocity overshoot is associated primarily with band nonparabolicity in the Gamma valley related to a negative electron effective mass rather than intervalley transfer. Similar calculations of transport in the basal plane indicate that in this case, both a higher threshold field for velocity overshoot and a lower steady-state velocity at a given field are expected. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. DARPA, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. Univ Texas, Microelect Res Ctr, Dept Elect & Comp Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Wraback, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mwraback@arl.army.mil RI Goano, Michele/P-3521-2015 OI Goano, Michele/0000-0003-2870-1549 NR 14 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 26 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 21 BP 3674 EP 3676 DI 10.1063/1.1577833 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 680TB UT WOS:000182993700030 ER PT J AU Carrieri, AH AF Carrieri, AH TI Chemical imaging sensor and laser beacon SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB Design and functional aspects of PANSPEC, a panoramic-imaging chemical vapor sensor (PANSPEC is an abbreviation for infrared panoramic-viewing spectroradiometer), were advanced and its optical system reoptimized accordingly. The PANSPEC model unites camera and fused solid-state interferometer and photopolarimeter subsystems. The camera is an eye of the open atmosphere that collects, collimates, and images ambient infrared radiance from a panoramic field of view (FOV). The passive interferometer rapidly measures an infrared-absorbing (or infrared-emitting) chemical cloud traversing the FOV by means of molecular vibrational spectroscopy. The active photopolarimeter system provides a laser beam beacon. This beam carries identification (feature spectra measured by the interferometer) and heading (detector pixels disclosing these feature spectra) information on the hazardous cloud through a binary encryption of Mueller matrix elements. Interferometer and photopolarimeter share a common configuration of photoelastic modulation optics. PANSPEC was optimized for minimum aberrations and maximum resolution of image. The optimized design was evaluated for tolerances in the shaping and mounting of the optical system, stray light, and ghost images at the focal plane given a modulation transfer function metric. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Carrieri, AH (reprint author), USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM arthur.carrieri@sbccom.apgea.army.mil NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 15 BP 2772 EP 2784 DI 10.1364/AO.42.002772 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 680KU UT WOS:000182977300023 PM 12777015 ER PT J AU Marshall, DA Walizer, E Jackson, HM Vernalis, MN AF Marshall, DA Walizer, E Jackson, HM Vernalis, MN TI Gender differences in C-reactive protein with intensive lifestyle intervention in patients with or at-risk for coronary artery disease SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Asia Pacific Scientific Forum on New Discoveries in Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke CY JUN 08-10, 2003 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII SP World Heart Federat, Asian Pacific Soc Cardiol, Hong Kong Coll Cardiol, Japanese Circulat Soc, Chinese Soc Cardiol, Korean Soc Circulat, Japan Heart Fdn, Natl Heart, Lung, & Blood Inst C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 20 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 19 MA P23 BP E150 EP E150 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 681AU UT WOS:000183014500117 ER PT J AU Yang, W Hullavarad, SS Nagaraj, B Takeuchi, I Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Vispute, RD Shen, H AF Yang, W Hullavarad, SS Nagaraj, B Takeuchi, I Sharma, RP Venkatesan, T Vispute, RD Shen, H TI Compositionally-tuned epitaxial cubic MgxZn1-xO on Si(100) for deep ultraviolet photodetectors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS; ZNO; DETECTOR; ALLOY AB We report on the epitaxial growth of wide-band-gap cubic-phase MgxZn1-xO thin films on Si(100) by pulsed-laser deposition and fabrication of oxide-semiconductor-based ultraviolet photodetectors. The challenges of large lattice and thermal expansion mismatch between Si and MgxZn1-xO have been overcome by using a thin SrTiO3 buffer layer. The heteroepitaxy of cubic-phase MgxZn1-xO on Si was established with epitaxial relationship of MgxZn1-xO(100)//SrTiO3(100)//Si(100) and MgxZn1-xO[100]//SrTiO3[100]//Si[110]. The minimum yield of the Rutherford backscattering ion channeling in MgxZn1-xO layer was only 4%, indicating good crystalline quality of the film. Smooth surface morphology with rms roughness of 0.6 nm was observed using atomic force microscopy. Photodetectors fabricated on Mg0.68Zn0.32O/SrTiO3/Si show peak photoresponse at 225 nm, which is in the deep UV region. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, CSR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Blue Wave Semicond Inc, Columbia, MD 21045 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yang, W (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, CSR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013 NR 17 TC 167 Z9 193 U1 9 U2 70 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 19 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 20 BP 3424 EP 3426 DI 10.1063/1.1576309 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 677TH UT WOS:000182823300016 ER PT J AU Zhao, PJ Woolard, DL Cui, HL Horing, NJM AF Zhao, PJ Woolard, DL Cui, HL Horing, NJM TI Origin of intrinsic oscillations in double-barrier quantum-well systems SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE intrinsic oscillation; resonant tunneling; quantum transport ID RESONANT-TUNNELING STRUCTURES; DIODES; SIMULATION AB We present a theory accounting for the origin of high-frequency current oscillations in a double barrier quantum-well system. The origin of such current oscillations is traced to the development of a dynamic emitter quantum-well and the concomitant coupling of the energy levels in the double barrier quantum-well system. The relationship between the oscillation frequency and the energy level structure of the system is expressed as nu = DeltaE(0)/h: A self-consistent, time-dependent Wigner-Poisson numerical computer experiment is used to exhibit remarkable intrinsic, sustained current oscillations in the double-barrier quantum well at terahertz frequencies; and a procedure for calculating DeltaE(0), the energy difference at time t(0) (defined such that the contribution to the energy difference from the potential oscillation is zero) is also presented. The simulated oscillation frequency determined using the Wigner-Poisson analysis is in very good agreement with that calculated using a Schrodinger equation with a self-consistent potential determined from the Poisson equation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RP Zhao, PJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD MAY 19 PY 2003 VL 311 IS 4-5 BP 432 EP 437 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00543-7 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 681KV UT WOS:000183036100022 ER PT J AU Byrd, W Cassels, FJ AF Byrd, W Cassels, FJ TI Mucosal immunization of BALB/c mice using enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli colonization factors CFA/I and CS6 administered with and without a mutant heat-labile enterotoxin SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC); colonization factors (CFA/I and CS6); mutant heat-labile enterotoxin LT(R192G) (mLT) ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN-A; BIODEGRADABLE MICROSPHERES; ORAL IMMUNIZATION; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; FACTOR ANTIGENS; B SUBUNIT; VACCINE; RESPONSES; ANTIBODY; ADJUVANT AB Mice (BALB/c) were intranasally (IN) and intragastrically (IG) administered the ETEC colonization factors (CF), CFA/I and CS6, with and without the R192G mutant heat-labile enterotoxin (mLT), and immunogenicity and efficacy measured. The IN administration of CFA/I to mice induced strong serum and fecal IgG and IgA responses. The IG administration of CFA/I to mice induced serum IgG and fecal IgA responses, but only when mLT was co-administered with CFA/I were serum IgA titers detected. The IN administration of CS6 to mice induced serum IgG antibodies, and mLT, when co-administered with CS6, enhanced the serum IgG response. Only when the mLT was co-administered with CS6, were serum and fecal IgA responses detected. The IG administration of CS6 plus mLT induced serum IgG and fecal IgA responses. Partial protection against lethal challenge with ETEC strain H10407 was seen in the mice IN administered the CFA/I plus mLT (P < 0.01), and H10407 was cleared from the lungs of CFA/I plus mLT-immunized mice at a significantly greater rate than from the control mice (P < 0.05). CFA/I and CS6 administered IN and IG induced mixed Th1/Th2 immune responses with the Th2 type being predominant as evidenced by IgG1 > IgG2a. The administration of colonization factors to mice, particularly by the IN route, potentially serves as a useful way to measure the serum and mucosal immune responses to these antigens prior to their use in volunteers. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Byrd, W (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 16 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 17-18 BP 1884 EP 1893 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(03)00014-8 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 682PF UT WOS:000183100200012 PM 12706673 ER PT J AU Zhang, XK Li, YF Xiao, JQ Wetzel, ED AF Zhang, XK Li, YF Xiao, JQ Wetzel, ED TI Theoretical and experimental analysis of magnetic inductive heating in ferrite materials SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials CY NOV 11-15, 2002 CL TAMPA, FLORIDA SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet Soc, Amer Ceram Soc, US Off Naval Res, Amer Phys Soc, Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Minerals, Met & Mat Soc AB By incorporating magnetic particles into elevated temperature-curing adhesives, or hot-meltable thermoplastics, induction fields can be used to heat bondlines and join composite adherends. In this article we investigate the fundamental heating behaviors of such magnetic particles in order to aid in the design and selection of improved magnetic materials. Magnetic inductive heating tests were performed on two types of magnetic materials: Co2Ba2Fe12O22 semihard ferrites and NiFe2O4 soft ferrites. The Curie temperatures of these ferrites were also varied through Zn substitution. All of the samples clearly demonstrated Curie temperature-controlled final heating behavior. The magnitude of heat generation has been related to dc magnetic hysteresis measurements, with reasonable agreement. Deviations are theorized to be due to domain wall resonance effects. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Xiao, JQ (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RI ZHANG, XIAOKAI/J-3108-2014 OI ZHANG, XIAOKAI/0000-0001-7374-2759 NR 6 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 10 BP 7124 EP 7126 DI 10.1063/1.1557309 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 677RX UT WOS:000182822300233 ER PT J AU Overberg, ME Thaler, GT Frazier, RM Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Rairigh, R Kelly, J Theodoropoulou, NA Hebard, AF Wilson, RG Zavada, JM AF Overberg, ME Thaler, GT Frazier, RM Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Rairigh, R Kelly, J Theodoropoulou, NA Hebard, AF Wilson, RG Zavada, JM TI Ferromagnetic semiconductors based upon AlGaP SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; ART. NO. 107203; MEDIATED FERROMAGNETISM; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ION-IMPLANTATION; P-GAN; GAAS; MN AB Ion implantation of Mn or Cr at concentrations of 1-5 at. % were performed in AlxGa1-xP (x=0.24,0.38) epilayers grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy. Ferromagnetic-like ordering above 100 K for Cr and 300 K for Mn was observed in superconducting quantum interference device measurements. Structural characterization revealed no second phases that could influence the measured magnetic properties. As the AIP mole fraction in the AlxGa1-xP layers increased, the magnetic ordering temperatures were generally observed to increase, while the calculated magnetic moment decreased. Mn appears to be a more promising choice than Cr for high temperature ferromagnetism in AlGaP. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Overberg, ME (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 10 BP 7861 EP 7863 DI 10.1063/1.1556247 PN 3 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 677TA UT WOS:000182822600076 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI The Peninsular war: A new history. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 9 BP 101 EP 102 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 678RN UT WOS:000182880400125 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The last escape: The untold story of Allied prisoners of war in Europe, 1944-45. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 9 BP 103 EP 103 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 678RN UT WOS:000182880400133 ER PT J AU Belenky, GL Bliese, PD Wesensten, NJ Balkin, TJ AF Belenky, GL Bliese, PD Wesensten, NJ Balkin, TJ TI Variation in sensitivity to sleep restriction as a function of age revealed by growth modeling analysis SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A202 EP A202 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100502 ER PT J AU Escolas, SM Kendall, AP Santiago, S Holland, D Russo, MB AF Escolas, SM Kendall, AP Santiago, S Holland, D Russo, MB TI Sleep deprivation impacts air refueling instructor pilots differently based on simulator experience SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Navy Test Pilot Sch, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A195 EP A195 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100484 ER PT J AU Escolas, SM Kendall, AP Santiago, S Holland, D Russo, MB AF Escolas, SM Kendall, AP Santiago, S Holland, D Russo, MB TI Intervening variables influence the impact of extended wafefulness on air refueling performance SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Navy Test Pilot Sch, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A193 EP A193 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100479 ER PT J AU Johnson, DE Stehrenberger, MA Sing, HC Hall, SW Redmond, DP Russo, MB Thorne, DR Belenky, G AF Johnson, DE Stehrenberger, MA Sing, HC Hall, SW Redmond, DP Russo, MB Thorne, DR Belenky, G TI Visual task performance as a measure of drowsiness SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A202 EP A202 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100503 ER PT J AU Kamimori, GH Johnson, D Thorne, D Kelly, W Belenky, GL AF Kamimori, GH Johnson, D Thorne, D Kelly, W Belenky, GL TI Efficacy of multiple caffeine doses for maintenance of vigilance during early morning operations SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A196 EP A196 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100487 ER PT J AU Killgore, W Reichardt, R Kautz, M Belenky, G Balkin, T Wesensten, N AF Killgore, W Reichardt, R Kautz, M Belenky, G Balkin, T Wesensten, N TI Daytime melatonin-zolpidem cocktail: III. Effects on salivary melatonin and performance SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A203 EP A203 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100505 ER PT J AU LaJambe, CM Sing, H Thorne, D Balkin, T Belenky, G Wesensten, N AF LaJambe, CM Sing, H Thorne, D Balkin, T Belenky, G Wesensten, N TI Morningness-eveningness differences in sleepiness during 72 hours of sleep deprivation SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A203 EP A204 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100507 ER PT J AU Pierce, FN Kristo, D Wink, JS Eliasson, AH Khramstov, A Guerrero, ML Taylor, Y Andrada, TF AF Pierce, FN Kristo, D Wink, JS Eliasson, AH Khramstov, A Guerrero, ML Taylor, Y Andrada, TF TI Comparison in CPAP adherence among LIARS patients - Split versus full night positive airway pressure titration SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Bethesda Naval Hosp, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A228 EP A228 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100569 ER PT J AU Reichardt, RM Wesensten, NJ Kautz, M Belenky, G Balkin, T AF Reichardt, RM Wesensten, NJ Kautz, M Belenky, G Balkin, T TI Daytime melatonin-zolpidem cocktail: I. Effects on daytime sleep SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A201 EP A202 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100501 ER PT J AU Russo, MB Escolas, S Santiago, S Sing, H Holland, D Kendall, A Hall, S AF Russo, MB Escolas, S Santiago, S Sing, H Holland, D Kendall, A Hall, S TI Visual neglect in 26 hours of continuous wakefulness demonstrates patterns consistent with prefrontal and biparietal brain impairment SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A172 EP A172 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100427 ER PT J AU Taylor, YL Eliasson, A Kristo, D Andrada, T Bigott, T Ephraim, P Howard, R AF Taylor, YL Eliasson, A Kristo, D Andrada, T Bigott, T Ephraim, P Howard, R TI Can telemedicine improve compliance with nasal CPAP? SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A263 EP A263 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100663 ER PT J AU Thorne, DR Johnson, DE Redmond, DP Sing, HC Belenky, G AF Thorne, DR Johnson, DE Redmond, DP Sing, HC Belenky, G TI The Walter Reed palm-held psychomotor vigilance test SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A182 EP A182 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100453 ER PT J AU Wesensten, NJ Reichardt, R Kautz, M Belenky, G Balkin, T AF Wesensten, NJ Reichardt, R Kautz, M Belenky, G Balkin, T TI Daytime melatonin-zolpidem cocktail: II. Effects on memory and vigilance SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 03-08, 2003 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Assoc Prof Sleep Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 15 PY 2003 VL 26 BP A202 EP A203 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 677ZY UT WOS:000182841100504 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Feuerstein, IM Taylor, AJ AF O'Malley, PG Feuerstein, IM Taylor, AJ TI Impact of electron beam tomography, with or without case management, on motivation, behavioral change, and cardiovascular risk profile - A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 75th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 17-20, 2002 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Heart Assoc ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; ULTRAFAST COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SMOKING-CESSATION; ARTERY CALCIUM; GENERAL-PRACTICE; ARMY PERSONNEL; INTERVENTION; PROJECT AB Context Although the use of electron beam tomography (EBT) as a motivational tool to change behavior is practiced, its efficacy has not been studied. Objective To assess the effects of incorporating EBT as a motivational factor into a cardiovascular screening program in the context of either intensive case management (ICM) or usual care by assessing its impact over 1 year on a composite measure of projected risk. Design Randomized controlled trial with a 2 x 2 factorial design and 1 year of follow-up., Setting and Participants A consecutive sample of 450 asymptomatic active-duty US Army personnel aged 39 to 45 years stationed within the Washington, DC, area and scheduled to undergo a periodic Army-mandated physical examination were enrolled between January 1999 and March 2001 (mean age, 42 years; 79% male; 66 [15%] had coronary calcification; mean [SD] predicted 10-year coronary risk, 5.85% [3.85%]). Interventions Patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 intervention arms: EBT results provided in the setting of either ICM (n=111) or usual care (n=119) or EBT results withheld in the setting of either ICM (n=124) or usual care (n=96). Main Outcome Measure The primary outcome measure was change in a composite measure of risk, the 10-year Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Results Comparing the groups who received EBT results with those who did not, the mean absolute risk change in 10-year FRS was +0.30 vs +0.36 (P=.81). Comparing the groups who received ICM with those who received usual care, the mean absolute risk change in 10-year FRS was -0.06 vs +0.74 (P=.003). Improvement or stabilization of cardiovascular risk was noted in 157 patients (40.2%). In multivariable analyses predicting change in FRS, after controlling for knowledge of coronary calcification, motivation for change, and multiple psychological variables, only the number of risk factors (odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.75 for each additional risk factor) and receipt of ICM (odds ratio, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.52) were associated with improved or stabilized projected risk. Conclusions Using coronary calcification screening to motivate patients to make evidence-based changes in risk factors was not associated with improvement in modifiable cardiovascular risk at 1 year. Case management was superior to usual care in the management of risk factors. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 49 TC 118 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 7 PY 2003 VL 289 IS 17 BP 2215 EP 2223 DI 10.1001/jama.289.17.2215 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 675ET UT WOS:000182680700023 PM 12734132 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Rich, MW Morton, SC Atkinson, SW Tu, WL Maglione, M Rhodes, S Barrett, M Fonarow, GC Greenberg, B Heidenreich, PA Knabel, T Konstam, MA Steimle, A Stevenson, LW AF Shekelle, PG Rich, MW Morton, SC Atkinson, SW Tu, WL Maglione, M Rhodes, S Barrett, M Fonarow, GC Greenberg, B Heidenreich, PA Knabel, T Konstam, MA Steimle, A Stevenson, LW TI Efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers in the management of left ventricular systolic dysfunction according to race, gender, and diabetic status - A meta-analysis of major clinical trials SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE; RANDOMIZED INTERVENTION TRIAL; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MERIT-HF; METOPROLOL; CARVEDILOL; MORTALITY; MORBIDITY; CAPTOPRIL; BLOCKADE AB OBJECTIVES This study sought to assess the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and beta-blockers on all-cause mortality in patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction according to gender, race, and the presence of diabetes. BACKGROUND Major randomized clinical trials have established that ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers have life-saving benefits in patients with LV systolic dysfunction. Most patients enrolled in these trials were Caucasian men. Whether an equal effect is achieved in women, non-Caucasians, and patients with major comorbidities has not been established. METHODS The authors performed a meta-analysis of published and individual patient data from the 12 largest randomized clinical trials of ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers to produce random effects estimates of mortality for subgroups. RESULTS Data support beneficial reductions in all-cause mortality for the use of beta-blockers in men and women, the use of ACE inhibitors and some beta-blockers in black and white patients, and the use of ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers in patients with or without diabetes. Women with symptomatic LV systolic dysfunction probably benefit from ACE inhibitors, but women with asymptomatic LV systolic dysfunction may not have reduced mortality when treated with ACE inhibitors (pooled relative risk = 0.96; 95% confidence interval: 0.75 to 1.22). The pooled estimate of three beta-blocker studies supports a beneficial effect in black patients with heart failure, but one study assessing bucindolol reported a nonsignificant increase in mortality. CONCLUSIONS Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers provide life-saving benefits in most of the subpopulations assessed. Women with asymptomatic LV systolic dysfunction may not achieve a mortality benefit when treated with ACE inhibitors. (C) 2003 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation. C1 RAND Hlth, So Calif Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Greater Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RAND Corp, Arroyo Ctr, Santa Monica, CA USA. USA, Dept Med, SE Reg Med Command, Athens, GA USA. Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Ahmanson UCLA, Cariomyopathy Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Heart Failure Cardiac Transplantat Program, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. VA Palo Alto Healthcare Syst, Stanford, CA USA. Ingenix, Eden Prairie, MN USA. Tufts New England Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Heart Failure Program, Santa Clara, CA USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Cardiomyopathy & Heart Failure Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), RAND Hlth, So Calif Evidence Based Practice Ctr, 1700 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. OI Heidenreich, Paul/0000-0001-7730-8490 FU PHS HHS [290-97-0000, 290-97-0001] NR 34 TC 226 Z9 234 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAY 7 PY 2003 VL 41 IS 9 BP 1529 EP 1538 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00262-6 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 674HR UT WOS:000182631800018 PM 12742294 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Alguire, PC Waxman, HS AF Salerno, SM Alguire, PC Waxman, HS TI Training and competency evaluation for interpretation of 12-lead electrocardiograms: Recommendations from the American College of Physicians SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CLINICAL COMPETENCE; TASK-FORCE; CARDIOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; STATEMENT; EMERGENCY; ACCIDENT; IMPACT AB This paper is part 1 of a 2-part series on interpretation of 12-lead resting electrocardiograms (ECGs). Part 1 is a position paper that presents recommendations for initial competency, competency assessment and maintenance of competency on ECG interpretation, as well as recommendations for the role of computer-assisted ECG interpretation. Part 2 is a systematic review of detailed supporting evidence for the recommendations. Despite several earlier consensus-based recommendations on ECG interpretation, substantive evidence on the training needed to obtain and maintain ECG interpretation skills is not available. Some studies show that noncardiologist physicians have more ECG interpretation errors than do cardiologists, but the rate of adverse patient outcomes from ECG interpretation errors is low. Computers may decrease the time needed to interpret ECGs and can reduce ECG interpretation errors. However, they have shown less accuracy than physician interpreters and must be relied on only as an adjunct interpretation tool for a trained provider. Interpretation of ECGs varies greatly, even among expert electrocardiographers. Noncardiologists seem to be more influenced by patient history in interpreting ECGs than are cardiologists. Cardiologists also perform better than other specialists on standardized ECG examinations when minimal patient history is provided. Pending more definitive research, residency training in internal medicine with Advanced Cardiac Life Support instruction should continue to be sufficient for bedside interpretation of resting 12-lead ECGs in routine and emergency situations. Additional experience or training in ECG interpretation when the patient's clinical condition is unknown may be useful but requires further study. C1 Amer Coll Physicians, Customer Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Salerno, SM (reprint author), Amer Coll Physicians, Customer Serv, 190 N Independence Mall W, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. NR 19 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 6 PY 2003 VL 138 IS 9 BP 747 EP 750 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 674XA UT WOS:000182661400008 PM 12729430 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Alguire, PC Waxman, HS AF Salerno, SM Alguire, PC Waxman, HS TI Competency in interpretation of 12-lead electrocardiograms: A summary and appraisal of published evidence SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS; ACUTE CARDIAC ISCHEMIA; ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION; ECG INTERPRETATION; CLINICAL COMPETENCE; MISSED DIAGNOSES; DECISION-MAKING; TASK-FORCE AB Background: There have been many proposals for objective standards designed to optimize training, testing, and maintaining competency in interpretation of electrocardiograms (ECGs). However, most of these recommendations are consensus based and are not derived from clinical trials that include patient outcomes. Purpose: To critically review the available data on training, accuracy, and outcomes of computer and physician interpretation of 12-lead resting ECGs. Data Sources: English-language articles were retrieved by searching MEDLINE (1966 to 2002), EMBASE (1974 to 2002), and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (1975-2002). The references in articles selected for analysis were also reviewed for relevance. Study Selection: All articles on training, accuracy, and outcomes of ECG interpretations were analyzed. Data Extraction: Study design and results were summarized in evidence tables. Information on physician interpretation compared to a "gold standard," typically a consensus panel of expert electrocardiographers, was extracted, The clinical context of and outcomes related to the ECG interpretation were obtained whenever possible. Data Synthesis: Physicians of all specialties and levels of training, as well as computer software for interpreting ECGs, frequently made errors in interpreting ECGs when compared to expert electrocardiographers. There was also substantial disagreement on interpretations among cardiologists. Adverse patient outcomes occurred infrequently when ECGs were incorrectly interpreted. Conclusions: There is no evidence-based minimum number of ECG interpretations that is ideal for attaining or maintaining competency in ECG interpretation skills. Further research is needed to clarify the optimal way to build and maintain ECG interpretation skills based on patient outcomes. C1 Amer Coll Physicians, Customer Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Salerno, SM (reprint author), Amer Coll Physicians, Customer Serv, 190 N Independence Mall W, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. NR 55 TC 95 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 6 PY 2003 VL 138 IS 9 BP 751 EP 760 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 674XA UT WOS:000182661400009 PM 12729431 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Calculation of the vibrational frequencies and structure of zirconium tetrahydroborate SO VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibration modes; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; zirconium tetrahydroborate; zirconium borohydride; orbitals ID COMPACT EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; EXPONENT BASIS-SETS; TRANSITION-METAL; REDUCING AGENT; BOROHYDRIDE; EFFICIENT; FILMS; CATALYSTS; TITANIUM; EXCHANGE AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of zirconium tetrahydroborate (Zr(BH4)(4)) in T symmetry are examined theoretically using the Gaussian98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of the six types of motion (B-H stretch, Zr-B stretch, B-Zr-B bend, H-B-H bend, BH4 wag, and BH4 twist) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with infrared and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors was derived. Theoretical IR and Raman intensities are reported. Quantum chemical calculations predict that the molecule does not possess strict T-d symmetry. The Td structure possesses one negative eigenvalue. The minimum energy structure possesses T symmetry. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2031 J9 VIB SPECTROSC JI Vib. Spectrosc. PD MAY 6 PY 2003 VL 31 IS 2 BP 227 EP 250 DI 10.1016/S0924-2031(03)00011-0 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 678AT UT WOS:000182843200007 ER PT J AU Korolev, S Pinelis, D Savransky, V Komisar, J Vogel, P Fegeding, K AF Korolev, S Pinelis, D Savransky, V Komisar, J Vogel, P Fegeding, K TI Toxicity of the staphylococcal enterotoxin B mutants with histidine-to-tyro sine substitutions SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE staphylococcal enterotoxin B; mutation; major histocompatibility complex II binding; mitogenicity; toxicity ID MHC CLASS-II; BACTERIAL SUPERANTIGENS; CYTOKINE RESPONSES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BINDING-SITES; PSORIASIS; MONKEYS; SHOCK; MICE; SEB AB In this study we made a series of site-directed mutants of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), in which histidine residues in the molecule were replaced by tyrosine. The mutant genes were cloned and expressed, and the corresponding proteins were purified. These mutant proteins were tested for binding to human HLA-DR4 and for mitogenetic activity in mouse splenocyte culture. Toxicity of the proteins in vivo was evaluated in the actinomycin D-primed C3H/HeJ mouse model. We found that SEB mutant proteins with fewer than four histidine-to-tyrosine (his-to-tyr) substitutions retained toxic properties similar to wild-type SEB. However, studies showed that his-to-tyr substitution of four consecutive histidine residues eliminated SEB toxicity. Our results clearly show that this genetically modified SEB protein is non-toxic and justifies its further development as a component of a new, safer vaccine to prevent SEB intoxication. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Fegeding, K (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD MAY 3 PY 2003 VL 187 IS 2-3 BP 229 EP 238 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(03)00049-0 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 684AX UT WOS:000183184200013 PM 12699911 ER PT J AU Billock, VA AF Billock, VA TI Why we see what we do - An empirical theory of vision SO SCIENCE LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Res Lab, Veridan Engn, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. RP Billock, VA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Veridan Engn, Suite 200,5200 Springfield Pike, Dayton, OH 45431 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAY 2 PY 2003 VL 300 IS 5620 BP 742 EP 743 DI 10.1126/science.1084097 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 673KH UT WOS:000182579800028 ER PT J AU Vahey, MT Nau, ME Taubman, M Yalley-Ogunro, J Silvera, P Lewis, MG AF Vahey, MT Nau, ME Taubman, M Yalley-Ogunro, J Silvera, P Lewis, MG TI Patterns of gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of rhesus macaques infected with SIVmac251 and exhibiting differential rates of disease progression SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; MACACA-NEMESTRINA; VIRAL REPLICATION; NATURAL-HISTORY; TYPE-1; BURDEN AB Using the Affymetrix HuGeneFL GeneChip, the global expression patterns of genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of rhesus macaques, infected with SIVmac251 and exhibiting rapid, typical, or slow rates of disease progression, were examined. Assessments of the change in gene expression ( fold change), the temporal coordination of gene expression (self-organizing map analysis), and the similarities and significant differences in gene expression across the groups were performed on samples taken before infection and 3 and 7 weeks postinfection. An upregulation of the p27 interferon-inducible gene and of genes associated with cellular activation and immune response was observed in all three groups. Rapidly progressing animals exhibited a modest number of genes with a change in expression of 3-fold or greater, typically progressing animals exhibited the greatest number, and slowly progressing animals exhibited the fewest. Self-organizing map cluster analysis indicated that rapidly progressing animals exhibited the least coordinated gene expression over the three study time points, typically progressing animals exhibited a moderate degree, and animals with slow progression exhibited the most coordinated gene expression. Mann - Whitney U analysis indicated that differences in gene expression were most pronounced between the rapidly and slowly progressing groups and least pronounced between the rapidly and typically progressing animals. These observations elucidate distinct features of gene expression in animals with different rates of disease progression. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Washington, DC USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. So Res Inst, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Vahey, MT (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Funct Genom Lab, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI15481] NR 22 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 19 IS 5 BP 369 EP 387 DI 10.1089/088922203765551728 PG 19 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 684YV UT WOS:000183234800004 PM 12803996 ER PT J AU Bell, NS Williams, JO Senier, L Strowman, SR Amoroso, PJ AF Bell, NS Williams, JO Senier, L Strowman, SR Amoroso, PJ TI The reliability and validity of the self-reported drinking measures in the Army's Health Risk Appraisal survey SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE alcohol; military; reliability; validity; survey ID ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE; SCREENING INSTRUMENTS; MILITARY PERSONNEL; HAZARDOUS DRINKING; EMERGENCY ROOM; BINGE-DRINKING; GREATER RISK; COLLEGE; CIRRHOSIS AB Background: The reliability and validity of self-reported drinking behaviors from the Army Health Risk Appraisal (HRA) survey are unknown. Methods: We compared demographics and health experiences of those who completed the HRA with those who did not (1991-1998). We also evaluated the reliability and validity of eight HRA alcohol-related items, including the CAGE, weekly drinking quantity, and drinking and driving measures. We used Cohen's kappa and Pearson's r to assess reliability and convergent validity. To assess criterion (predictive) validity, we used proportional hazards and logistical regression models predicting alcohol-related hospitalizations and alcohol-related separations from the Army, respectively. Results: A total of 404,966 soldiers completed an HRA. No particular demographic group seems to be over- or underrepresented. Although few respondents skipped alcohol items, those who did tended to be older and of minority race, The alcohol items demonstrate a reasonable degree of reliability, with Cronbach's alpha=0.69 and test-retest reliability associations in the 0.75-0.80 range for most items over 2- to 30-day interims between surveys. The alcohol measures showed good criterion-related validity: those consuming more than 21 drinks per week were at 6 times the risk for subsequent alcohol-related hospitalization, versus those who abstained from drinking (hazard ratio, 6.36; 95% confidence interval=5.79, 6.99). Those who said their friends worried about their drinking were almost 5 times more likely to be discharged due to alcoholism (risk ratio, 4.9; 95% confidence interval=4.00, 6.04) and 6 times more likely to experience an alcohol-related hospitalization (hazard ratio, 6.24; 95% confidence interval=5.74, 6.77). Conclusions: The Army's HRA alcohol items seem to elicit reliable and valid responses. Because HRAs contain identifiers, alcohol use can be linked with subsequent health and occupational outcomes, making the HRA a useful epidemiological research tool. Associations between perceived peer opinions of drinking and subsequent problems deserve further exploration. C1 SSDS Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Strowman Res Serv, Natick, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Bell, NS (reprint author), SSDS Inc, 8 Nonesuch Dr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R29 AA011407-03, AA 11407, R29 AA011407, R01 AA011407-04, R01 AA011407-05, R29 AA011407-02, R01 AA011407] NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD MAY PY 2003 VL 27 IS 5 BP 826 EP 834 DI 10.1097/01.ALC.0000067978.27660.73 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 682GN UT WOS:000183083500012 PM 12766628 ER PT J AU Dushi, I Honig, M AF Dushi, I Honig, M TI Price and spouse's coverage in employee demand for health insurance SO AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 115th Annual Meeting of the American-Economic-Association CY JAN 03-05, 2003 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP American Economic Assoc C1 USA, Int Longev Ctr, New York, NY 10028 USA. CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Econ, New York, NY 10021 USA. CUNY Hunter Coll, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Dushi, I (reprint author), USA, Int Longev Ctr, 60 E 86th St, New York, NY 10028 USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC PI NASHVILLE PA 2014 BROADWAY, STE 305, NASHVILLE, TN 37203 USA SN 0002-8282 J9 AM ECON REV JI Am. Econ. Rev. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 93 IS 2 BP 252 EP 256 DI 10.1257/000282803321947146 PG 5 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 687CC UT WOS:000183357400042 ER PT J AU O'Boyle, AL Davis, GD Calhoun, BC AF O'Boyle, AL Davis, GD Calhoun, BC TI Much research is needed to provide fully informed consent about mode of delivery - Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Div Urogynecol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Urogynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Rockford Mem Med Ctr, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Rockford, IL 61103 USA. RP O'Boyle, AL (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Div Urogynecol, 9040A Fitzsimmons Dr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 188 IS 5 BP 1380 EP 1380 DI 10.1067/mob.2003.313 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 681QN UT WOS:000183047000065 ER PT J AU Ly, JQ Carlson, CL LaGatta, LM Beall, DP AF Ly, JQ Carlson, CL LaGatta, LM Beall, DP TI Giant cell tumor of the peroneus tendon sheath SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Ly, JQ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 180 IS 5 BP 1442 EP 1442 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 670RU UT WOS:000182423300041 PM 12704065 ER PT J AU Fox, MG Kransdorf, MJ Bancroft, LW Peterson, JJ Flemming, DJ AF Fox, MG Kransdorf, MJ Bancroft, LW Peterson, JJ Flemming, DJ TI MR imaging of fibroma of the tendon sheath SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society CY APR-MAY -, 2002 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc AB OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to describe the MR imaging characteristics of fibroma of the tendon sheath. CONCLUSION. The diagnosis of fibroma of the tendon sheath can be suggested when MR imaging reveals a focal nodular mass adjacent to a tendon sheath with decreased signal on all pulse sequences and little or no enhancement. C1 Mayo Clin Jacksonville, Dept Radiol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Adv Diagnost, Dept Radiol, Houston, TX 77054 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Kransdorf, MJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin Jacksonville, Dept Radiol, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. NR 12 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 180 IS 5 BP 1449 EP 1453 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 670RU UT WOS:000182423300043 PM 12704067 ER PT J AU Hammoud, DA Belden, CJ Ho, AC Dal Pan, GJ Herskovits, EH Hilt, DC Brem, H Pomper, MG AF Hammoud, DA Belden, CJ Ho, AC Dal Pan, GJ Herskovits, EH Hilt, DC Brem, H Pomper, MG TI The surgical bed after BCNU polymer wafer placement for recurrent glioma: Serial assessment on CT and MR imaging SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MALIGNANT GLIOMA; INTERSTITIAL CHEMOTHERAPY; BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS; RESECTION; TRIAL AB OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to describe the CT and MR imaging appearances of the surgical bed in the brains of patients receiving biodegradable polymers impregnated with N, N'1, 3-Bis-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea (BCNU) for recurrent glioma and to determine whether patients receiving placebos could be differentiated from those receiving BCNU based on the pattern and growth kinetics of tumor recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The CT and MR images of 20 patients who underwent surgery for resection of recurrent high-grade gliomas and placement of intratumoral wafers (11 received BCNU polymer wafers, nine received control wafers) were analyzed for wafer appearance, volume of gas in the tumor bed, and volume of enhancement on serial scans. RESULTS. Wafers appeared as linear hyperdense structures on CT and as linear low-signal-intensity structures on MR imaging and caused no significant enhancement. In the BCNU polymer group, gas volume was 4.0 +/- 3.4 cm(3) (mean +/- SD), whereas gas volume was 1.6 +/- 3.0 cm(3) for the placebo group (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.03). A trend toward linear rather than exponential recurrent tumor growth was identified for the BCNU polymer group but not for the placebo group. CONCLUSION. BCNU polymer wafers have a specific appearance on CT and MR imaging with which radiologists should be familiar: gas in the surgical bed is an expected transient finding, and tumor regrowth in patients receiving BCNU polymer wafers appeared to occur at a slower rate than in those receiving the placebo. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Div Neuroradiol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Hosp Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Div Neuroradiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosurg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Guilford Pharmaceut, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. RP Pomper, MG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Div Neuroradiol, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RI Hammoud, Dima/C-2286-2015 NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 180 IS 5 BP 1469 EP 1475 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 670RU UT WOS:000182423300046 PM 12704070 ER PT J AU Dhawan, A Doukas, WC Papazis, JA Scoville, CR AF Dhawan, A Doukas, WC Papazis, JA Scoville, CR TI Effect of drain use in the early postoperative period after arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone graft SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CLOSED-SUCTION DRAINAGE; KNEE ARTHROPLASTY; ABDOMINAL DRAINS; SEPTIC ARTHRITIS; EFFICACY AB Background: Little data exist on the effect of routine use of postoperative drainage after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, although clinical studies of other procedures have not shown benefit to this practice. Hypothesis: Use of a postoperative drain will not result in decreased suprapatellar girth, increased range of motion, and decreased pain compared with nonuse. Study Design: Prospective randomized clinical trial. Methods: Twenty-one patients undergoing arthroscopically assisted bone-patellar tendon-bone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were randomly assigned to receive a drain for 24 hours (12 patients) or no drain (9 patients). Data for comparison of groups were collected daily through postoperative day 7. Results: Pain scores on a visual analog scale demonstrated the same improving trend over time for both treatment and control groups; however, the treatment group had significantly higher average pain scores, except on day 7. Differences in suprapatellar girth, flexion, and extension were not found to be statistically significant between groups. Conclusion: Use of a drain after arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction provided no benefit in terms of range of motion, effusion, or pain in the early postoperative period. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Dhawan, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 31 IS 3 BP 419 EP 424 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 684CG UT WOS:000183187400016 PM 12750137 ER PT J AU Mullenix, PS Carter, PL Martin, MJ Steele, SK Scott, CL Walts, MJ Beitler, AL AF Mullenix, PS Carter, PL Martin, MJ Steele, SK Scott, CL Walts, MJ Beitler, AL TI Predictive value of intraoperative touch preparation analysis of sentinel lymph nodes for axillary metastasis in breast cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 89th Meeting of the North-Pacific-Surgical-Association CY NOV 08-09, 2002 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP North Pacific Surg Assoc DE sentinel lymph node; touch preparation ID FROZEN-SECTION; BIOPSY; DISSECTION AB Background: Accurate intraoperative diagnosis of axillary malignancy facilitates completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) at the time of initial surgery. The capability to address both the primary tumor and axillary disease in a single procedure offers several advantages. This study was designed to define the predictive value of intraoperative touch preparation analysis of sentinel lymph nodes for axillary metastasis in breast cancer and to evaluate the ability of the technique to facilitate accurate synchronous ALND. Methods: A consecutive cohort of patients with breast cancer at an Army medical center underwent intraoperative touch preparation analysis of sentinel lymph nodes concordant with initial excision. Those found to have sentinel nodes positive by touch preparation analysis underwent ALND at the initial procedure. Patients with negative sentinel nodes by touch preparation analysis, but positive by final pathology, underwent subsequent ALND. Results of the touch preparation analysis were compared with the final pathology. Results: Over a 16-month period, 71 consecutive patients with breast cancer underwent initial excision and touch preparation analysis of 162 sentinel lymph nodes. Final pathology confirmed axillary metastasis in 32% (23 of 71) of patients. Of these, intraoperative touch preparation analysis identified 48% (11 of 23). There were no false positives or unnecessary axillary dissections based upon touch preparation results. Per sentinel node, the positive predictive value was 100%, the sensitivity was 47%, and the specificity was 100%. On a per patient basis, the positive predictive value was 100%, and the sensitivity and specificity were 48% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Intraoperative touch preparation analysis is an effective adjunct to sentinel lymph node biopsy. In our series, it facilitated a definitive cancer operation at the time of initial surgery in nearly 50% of patients, and ensured that no patient underwent an unnecessary axillary dissection. (C) 2003 Excerpta Medica, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Beitler, AL (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 9040A Reid St, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RI Martin, Matthew/B-2676-2014 OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-9169-9069 NR 15 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 185 IS 5 BP 420 EP 424 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(03)00041-2 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 674AC UT WOS:000182613200005 PM 12727560 ER PT J AU Watt, G Jongsakul, K Chouriyagune, C Paris, R AF Watt, G Jongsakul, K Chouriyagune, C Paris, R TI Differentiating dengue virus infection from scrub typhus in Thai adults with fever SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB Dengue fever and scrub typhus are common infections in Asia that often present as acute febrile illness of unclear etiology. We prospectively evaluated febrile adults presenting to the outpatient department of a hospital in northern Thailand to attempt to identify distinguishing characteristics between the two infections. Fifty-four patients were infected with scrub typhus and 35 were infected with dengue virus. Dengue virus infection was associated with hemorrhagic manifestations, particularly bleeding from the gums, which was reported by 27% of the dengue patients, but by none of the scrub typhus patients (P < 0.001, by Fisher's exact test). A low platelet count (< 140,000/mm(3)) and low white bloodcell count (< 5,000/mm(3)) were strongly associated with dengue infections: odds ratio = 26.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.4-93.2) for platelet count and 8.2 (95% CI = 2.6-25.5) for leukocyte count. Prospective evaluations of the usefulness of these simple criteria to differentiate scrub typhus from dengue infection are needed in other areas, particularly where rapid confirmatory diagnostic tests are not available. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Chiangrai Reg Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Chiangrai, Thailand. RP Watt, G (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 11 TC 28 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 68 IS 5 BP 536 EP 538 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 681QX UT WOS:000183047800008 PM 12812339 ER PT J AU Wongsrichanalai, C Murray, CK Gray, M Miller, RS Mcdaniel, P Liao, WJ Pickard, AL Magill, AJ AF Wongsrichanalai, C Murray, CK Gray, M Miller, RS Mcdaniel, P Liao, WJ Pickard, AL Magill, AJ TI Co-infection with malaria and leptospirosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DENGUE; FEVER AB Malaria and leptospirosis are both common in the tropics. Simultaneous infections are possible, although not previously reported. We report two cases of malaria from an area of Thailand on the Thailand-Myanmar border with compelling serologic evidence of simultaneous acute leptospirosis. One was a case of infection with Plasmodium falciparum with acute and convalescent microscopic agglutination test (MAT) titers for Leptospira serovar icterohaemorrhagiae of 1:200 and 1:1,600, respectively. The other was a case of infection with P. vivax that seroconverted to a titer of 1:3,200 for Leptospira serovar bataviae. Additionally, there were five probable cases of leptospirosis with patent malaria parasitemia (three P. falciparum and two P. vivax) detected. Management of dual infections is complicated by their similar clinical presentations, and because the confirmatory diagnosis of malaria is readily available as opposed to that of leptospirosis. Treatment focusing on malaria mono-infections instead of dual infections could result in a delay of specific therapy for leptospirosis and possible consequences of serious complications. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Vet Command Food Anal & Diagnost Lab, San Antonio, TX USA. Kwai River Christian Hosp, Kanchanaburi 71240, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wongsrichanalai, C (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit, Parasit Dis Program, 2 Kompleks P2M-PLP LITBANGKES,Jalan Percetakan Ne, Jakarta 10560, Indonesia. NR 18 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 68 IS 5 BP 583 EP 585 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 681QX UT WOS:000183047800019 PM 12812350 ER PT J AU Cui, LW Mascorro, CN Fan, Q Rzomp, KA Khuntirat, B Zhou, G Chen, H Yan, GY Sattabongkot, J AF Cui, LW Mascorro, CN Fan, Q Rzomp, KA Khuntirat, B Zhou, G Chen, H Yan, GY Sattabongkot, J TI Genetic diversity and multiple infections of Plasmodium vivax malaria in western Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ANOPHELES PSEUDOPUNCTIPENNIS; VARIANTS VK210; MSP-1 GENE; FALCIPARUM; POLYMORPHISM; PARASITES AB Using two polymorphic genetic markers, the merozoite surface protein-3alpha (MSP-3alpha) and the circumsporozoite protein (CSP), we investigated the population diversity of Plasmodium vivax in Mae Sod, Thailand from April 2000 through June 2001. Genotyping the parasites isolated from 90 malaria patients attending two local clinics for the dimorphic CSP gene revealed that the majority of the parasites (77%) were the VK210 type. Genotyping the MSP3-alpha gene indicated that P. vivax populations exhibited an equally high level of polymorphism as those from Papua New Guinea, a hyperendemic region. Based on the length of polymerase chain reaction products, three major types of the MSP-3alpha locus were distinguished, with frequencies of 74.8%, 18.7%, and 6.5%, respectively. The 13 alleles distinguished by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis did not show a significant seasonal variation in frequency. Genotyping the MSP-3alpha and CSP genes showed that 19.3% and 25.6% of the patients had multiple infections, respectively, and the combined rate was 35.6%. Comparisons of MSP-3alpha sequences from nine clones further confirmed the high level of genetic diversity of the parasite and also suggested that geographic isolation may exist. These results strongly indicate that P. vivax populations are highly diverse and multiple clonal infections are common in this malaria-hypoendemic region of Thailand. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA Mil Component, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Cui, LW (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, 501 ASI Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW01505]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI-46472-02S1, R01 AI-50243] NR 35 TC 88 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 68 IS 5 BP 613 EP 619 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 681QX UT WOS:000183047800025 PM 12812356 ER PT J AU Switzer, EF Dinsmore, RC North, JH AF Switzer, EF Dinsmore, RC North, JH TI Subcuticular closure versus Dermabond: A prospective randomized trial SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID TISSUE ADHESIVE; SKIN CLOSURE; REPAIR AB 2-Octylcyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (Dermabond(TM), Ethicon, Inc, Somerville, NJ) is being used successfully for closure of minor lacerations. To date, however, there have been no studies evaluating its use in the operating room for surgical incisions. We conducted a prospective randomized trial to compare the closure of inguinal herniorrhaphy incisions using 2-octylcyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (Dermabond) with closures using 4-0 Monocryl (Ethicon, Inc) in a running subcuticular closure. A total of 46 incisions were randomized at the time of closure. Of these incisions 24 were randomized to Dermabond closure (TA) and 22 were randomized to subcuticular closure (SC). Performance measures included: time for closure, wound complications, and cosmesis. Cosmesis was evaluated by blinded evaluation of photographs of the incisions taken 4 weeks after surgery. Closure times for the TA group were faster than in the SC group (mean of 155 vs 286 seconds; P < 0.001). Wound complications were higher in the TA group (P = 0.045). Cosmesis was also felt to be better in the SC group with a score of 4.2 versus 3.88, but this did not reach statistical significance. Although the use of Dermabond did result in faster wound cultures it also resulted in an increase in wound complications. The difference in mean cosmetic score for each group was not statistically significant but trended toward better scores in the SC group. Based on these findings we do not feel Dermabond is an acceptable alternative to subcuticular suture closure in inguinal herniorrhaphy incisions. C1 EAMC, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EAMC, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Dinsmore, RC (reprint author), EAMC, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 5 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 141 WEST WIEUCA RD, STE B100, ATLANTA, GA 30342 USA SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 69 IS 5 BP 434 EP 436 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 677YH UT WOS:000182836700017 PM 12769218 ER PT J AU Lewis, CL Moser, MA Dale, DE Hang, W Hassell, C King, FL Majidi, V AF Lewis, CL Moser, MA Dale, DE Hang, W Hassell, C King, FL Majidi, V TI Time-gated pulsed glow discharge: Real-time chemical speciation at the elemental, structural, and molecular level for gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ION-SOURCE; IONIZATION; EMISSION AB A millisecond pulsed glow discharge is used as a versatile ion source for time-gated generation of elemental, structural, and molecular ions. The utility of this ion source for comprehensive chemical analysis of a series of aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons is illustrated in this manuscript. To highlight the analytical utility of this transient ion source, it was connected to a gas chromatograph for the mass spectrometric determination of mixtures containing benzene, toluene, o-xylene, cymene, tert-butylbenzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, chlorobenzene, tetrachlorethane, and dichlorobenzene. Explicit chemical analysis was accomplished by introducing the GC eluent into a pulsed glow discharge operating at a rate of 100 Hz with a 50% duty cycle. Using three independent digitizers for time-gated acquisition in three separate time regimes, nearly concurrent collection of elemental, structural, and molecular information was accomplished. In general, elemental information was obtained during the first 0.015 ms after the plasma onset; structural information, as ascertained from molecular fragmentation, was obtained during the plateau time regime when the plasma pulse is at a steady state, whereas molecular M+ and MH+ ions were obtained during the afterpeak time regime, that is, after the cessation of the plasma power pulse. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Lewis, CL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 75 IS 9 BP 1983 EP 1996 DI 10.1021/ac026242u PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 674XN UT WOS:000182662800016 PM 12720331 ER PT J AU Schwartz, GH Patnaik, A Hammond, LA Rizzo, J Berg, K Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK AF Schwartz, GH Patnaik, A Hammond, LA Rizzo, J Berg, K Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I study of bizelesin, a highly potent and selective DNA-interactive agent, in patients with advanced solid malignancies SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bizelesin; cyclopropylpyrroloindole; DNA-active agent; phase I study ID ANTI-TUMOR AGENT; SIMIAN-VIRUS-40 DNA; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; CC-1065 NSC-298223; ANTIBIOTIC CC-1065; ADOZELESIN; BINDING; U-73,975; U-77,779; CANCER AB Background: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of administering bizelesin, a cyclopropyl-pyrroloindole with extraordinarily high potency as a bifunctional DNA-damaging agent and selectivity for specific AT-rich DNA sequences, as a single i.v. bolus injection every 4 weeks in patients with advanced solid malignancies. The study also sought to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of bizelesin, characterize its pharmacokinetic behavior, and seek preliminary evidence of anticancer activity. Patients and methods: Patients with advanced solid malignancies were treated with escalating doses of bizelesin as an i.v. bolus injection every 4 weeks. The selection of the specific starting dose, 0.1 mug/m(2), which was equivalent to one-tenth the toxic dose low in dogs, factored in large interspecies differences in myelotoxicity as gauged using an ex vivo hematopoietic colony-forming assay. Due to concerns about the high potency of bizelesin and the large interspecies differences in toxicity, a conservative dose-escalation scheme was used for dose-level assignment to determine the MTD levels for both minimally pretreated (MP) and heavily pretreated (HP) patients. A variety of analytical assays were assessed to reliably measure bizelesin concentrations in plasma. Results: Sixty-two patients were treated with 185 courses of bizelesin at eight dose levels ranging from 0.1 to 1.5 mug/m(2). Myelosuppression, principally neutropenia that was always brief, was the most common toxicity observed. Thrombocytopenia and anemia were uncommon and severe non-hematological effects were not observed. Severe neutropenia alone and/or associated with fever was consistently experienced by HP and MP patients at doses exceeding 0.71 and 1.26 mug/m(2), respectively. These doses also resulted in functionally non-cumulative myelosuppression as repetitive treatment was well-tolerated. A 40% reduction in measurable disease lasting 24 months was noted in a patient with advanced ovarian carcinoma. Various analytical methods were evaluated but none demonstrated the requisite sensitivity to reliably quantify the minute plasma concentrations of bizelesin and metabolites resulting from administering microgram quantities of drug. Conclusions: The highly potent and unique cytotoxic agent, bizelesin can be feasibly administered to patients with advanced solid malignancies. The recommended doses for phase II studies of bizelesin as a bolus i.v. injection every 4 weeks are 0.71 and 1.26 mug/m(2) in HP and MP patients, respectively. The characteristics of the myelosuppression, the paucity of severe toxicities with repetitive treatment, the preliminary antitumor activity noted, and, above all, its unique mechanism of action as a selective DNA-damaging agent and high potency, warrant disease-directed evaluations of bizelesin in solid and hematopoietic malignancies and consideration of its use as a cytotoxic in targeted conjugated therapeutics. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Rowinsky, EK (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach Rd,4th Floor,Zeller Bldg,700, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA69853]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR01346] NR 29 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0923-7534 J9 ANN ONCOL JI Ann. Oncol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 14 IS 5 BP 775 EP 782 DI 10.1093/annonc/mdg215 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 676DJ UT WOS:000182736400016 PM 12702533 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG AF Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG TI Fluorigenic substrates for the protease activities of botulinum neurotoxins, serotypes A, B, and F (vol 69, pg 297, 2003) SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxicol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmidt, JJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Toxicol & Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 1 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 69 IS 5 BP 3025 EP 3025 DI 10.1028/AEM.69.5.3025.2003 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 677LD UT WOS:000182808300080 ER PT J AU Sang, BI Yoo, ES Kim, BJ Rittmann, BE AF Sang, BI Yoo, ES Kim, BJ Rittmann, BE TI The trade-offs and effect of carrier size and oxygen-loading on gaseous toluene removal performance of a three-phase circulating-bed biofilm reactor SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUIDIZED-BED; TRICKLING FILTER; AIR; BIOFILTRATION; DEGRADATION; BACTERIA AB We conducted a series of steady-state and short-term experiments on a three-phase circulating-bed biofilm reactor (CBBR) for removing toluene from gas streams. The goal was to investigate the effect of macroporous-carrier size (1-mm cubes versus 4-mm cubes) on CBBR performance over a wide range of oxygen loading. We hypothesized that the smaller biomass accumulation with I-mm carriers would minimize dissolved-oxygen (DO) limitation and improve toluene removal, particularly when the DO loading is constrained. The CBBR with 1-mm carriers overcame the performance limitation observed with the CBBR with 4-mm carriers: i.e., oxygen depletion inside the biofilm. The 1-mm carriers consistently gave superior removal of toluene and chemical oxygen-demand, and the advantage was greatest for the lowest oxygen loading and the greatest toluene loading. The 1-mm carriers achieved superior performance because they minimized the negative effects of oxygen depletion, while continuing to provide protection from excess biomass detachment and inhibition from toluene. C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. Sci & Technol Policy Inst, Specialty Construct Ctr 26F27F, Seoul, South Korea. USA, Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Environm & Proc Technol Div, Seoul 130650, South Korea. RP Sang, BI (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 61 IS 3 BP 214 EP 219 DI 10.1007/s00253-002-1216-0 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 684HG UT WOS:000183198900005 PM 12698278 ER PT J AU Melder, PC Mair, EA AF Melder, PC Mair, EA TI Endoscopic photography - Digital or 35 mm? SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Pediatric-Otolaryngology CY MAY 13-14, 2002 CL BOCA RATON, FLORIDA SP Amer Soc Pediatr Otolarygol ID LARYNGEAL PHOTOGRAPHY; DOCUMENTATION AB Objective: To compare off-the-shelf digital imaging equipment with a standard single lens reflex 35-mm endoscopic camera in a busy pediatric ears, nose, and throat setting. Design: Two digital. cameras with an endoscope adapter and a step-down ring were evaluated to obtain optimal settings for digital endoscopic photography. The equipment was used in various clinical and surgical settings to include otoscopy, sinonasal endoscopy, laryngoscopy, and bronchoscopy. The overall quality, color, brightness, and diagnostic quality of the endoscopic digital photographs were compared with those of the single-lens reflex 35-mm flash-generated photographs by experienced endoscopists. Cost analysis and ease of use were also compared. Subjects: Initial digital endoscopic settings were formulated from cadaveric tests. These settings were then studied in multiple patients during endoscopy. Results: Endoscopic digital photography resulted in high-quality images in all settings. Digital images were comparable to 35-mm images. The digital system was easier to use and less expensive than the 35-mm system. Conclusions: We introduce a simple, inexpensive, and easily available endoscopic digital photography system. Digital photography offers numerous advantages over analog photography in a clinical practice. Digital imaging and archiving is more durable and easier to incorporate into patient records and clinical presentations. As the demand for high-quality digital imaging increases, easy-to-use inexpensive digital endoscopic photography will soon replace 35-mm camera technology. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Melder, PC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 129 IS 5 BP 570 EP 575 DI 10.1001/archotol.129.5.570 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 676MR UT WOS:000182756300010 PM 12759272 ER PT J AU Villines, TC Hatzigeorgiou, C O'Malley, PG Feuerstein, I Taylor, AJ AF Villines, TC Hatzigeorgiou, C O'Malley, PG Feuerstein, I Taylor, AJ TI Vitamin K intake and coronary calcification SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 4th Annual Conference on Arteriosclerosis Thrombosisand Vascular Biology CY MAY 08-10, 2003 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 23 IS 5 MA P62 BP A12 EP A12 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 676GG UT WOS:000182742500097 ER PT J AU Bodo, M Pearce, FJ Montgomery, LD Rosenthal, M Kubinyi, G Thuroczy, G Braisted, J Forcino, D Morrissette, C Nagy, I AF Bodo, M Pearce, FJ Montgomery, LD Rosenthal, M Kubinyi, G Thuroczy, G Braisted, J Forcino, D Morrissette, C Nagy, I TI Measurement of brain electrical impedance: Animal studies in rheoencephalography SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cerebral blood flow; cerebral blood volume; rheoencephalogram ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; AUTOREGULATION; RESUSCITATION; PHYSIOLOGY; HEMORRHAGE; THERAPY; FLUID AB Introduction: In spite of the known importance of cerebral blood flow (CBF) monitoring for aviation, spaceflight, military and emergency medicine, and neurosurgical intra- and postoperative monitoring, there is no standard noninvasive technique for continuous CBF monitoring. One potential method for this purpose is the electrical impedance technique, called rheoencephalography (REG). The development of improved electronics and computation tools has done much to overcome the difficulties of REG measurement. REG technology now has possibilities for application to the fields mentioned above. Hypothesis: Our hypothesis was that REG would reflect CBF changes. Methods: Three experimental studies were undertaken to further define in vivo (rat, pig) CBF measurements by analysis of REG pulse waves. CO2 inhalation (4-20%), brain electrical stimulation, and aorta compression (5 min) were the applied CBF manipulations. In the case of aorta compression, global CBF was measured by REG, and local CBF by the laser Doppler method. Data were digitized and processed off-line. Results: During CO2 inhalation and electrical stimulation of the brain, REG amplitude increased, indicating increased cerebral fluid volume. A linear relationship was established between CO2 concentration and REG peak amplitude (correlation coefficient: 0.88, p = 0.05), and the ascending portion of the curve (0.88, p = 0.05). During aorta compression, systemic arterial pressure increased (p = 0.008), and REG amplitude decreased (-23.75%, p = 0.01). Conclusion: These studies have confirmed the REG amplitude changes during known CBF manipulations. The difference between local and global CBF response demonstrated CBF autoregulation and heterogeneity. Together, these studies indicate the usefulness and potential benefit of computerized REG monitoring for the above-mentioned fields. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resusciat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Lockheed Martin, Moffett Field, CA USA. Natl Res Inst Radiobiol & Radiohyg, Budapest, Hungary. USN, Med Res Inst, AR Behnke Diving Med Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Kalman Kando Tech Coll, Budapest, Hungary. RP Bodo, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resusciat Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 1N46, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 74 IS 5 BP 506 EP 511 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 673YH UT WOS:000182608300002 PM 12751577 ER PT J AU DeGroot, DW Castellani, JW Williams, JO Amoroso, PJ AF DeGroot, DW Castellani, JW Williams, JO Amoroso, PJ TI Epidemiology of US Army cold weather injuries, 1980-1999 SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE wounds and injuries; frostbite; hypothermia; immersion foot; cold climate; database; TAIHOD ID MILITARY; SOLDIERS AB Background Cold weather injuries (CWI) are of great military concern due to their wide-ranging impact on military readiness. Previous short-term studies have identified CWI to be more prevalent in African-Americans, infantrymen, and lower-ranking soldiers. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the occurrence of CWI hospitalizations in the U.S. Army from 1980 to 1999, and to identify possible trends, high-risk groups and/or activities. Methods: The U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Total Army Injury and Health Outcomes Database was searched for hospitalizations with ICD-9-CM codes for frostbite, hypothermia, immersion foot, chilblains, and other. information concerning each soldier included: gender, age, ethnicity, rank, occupation, type of injury, home of record, duty station, principle diagnosis, trauma code, and cause of injury. Data was available on the demographic composition of the Army, by year, and was used as the denominator when calculating the frequency of occurrence. Results: During the study period there were 2143 hospitalizations due to CWI. African-American men and women were injured approximately 4 times and 2.2 times as often as their Caucasian counterparts, respectively. Trauma and cause of injury codes indicate that about 80% of all CWI hospitalizations result on-duty and during organized training. The yearly rate of CWI hospitalization has declined from 38.2/100,000 in 1985 to 0.2/100,000 in 1999. Conclusions: Our data are consistent with previous research concerning the increased rate of CWI among African-Americans though further investigation appears warranted. The occurrence of most CWI during on-duty training suggests preventability. The decline in the overall rate of CWI hospitalizations is multifactorial. C1 USA, RIEM, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Mt Med Div, Natick, MA USA. Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA USA. Social Sectors Dev Strategies Inc, Natick, MA USA. RP DeGroot, DW (reprint author), USA, RIEM, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RI DeGroot, David/E-2322-2015 NR 21 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 74 IS 5 BP 564 EP 570 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 673YH UT WOS:000182608300012 PM 12751587 ER PT J AU Daniels, GL Newell, KM AF Daniels, GL Newell, KM TI Attentional focus influences the walk-run transition in human locomotion SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE walking; running; gait transitions; perceived exertion; attentional demand; dual-task paradigm ID PERCEIVED EXERTION; TREADMILL WALKING; EXERCISE INTENSITY; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; HEART-RATE; SPEED; HABITUATION; DETERMINANTS; PERCEPTION AB This study tested the hypothesis that cognitive perceptual processes are involved in determining the walk-run transition in human locomotion. In a dual-task paradigm, 12 healthy male participants (aged 21.8 +/- 2.4 years) walked and ran on a treadmill while solving mental arithmetic (MA) organized in two levels of difficulty (easy and hard). Speed was increased over seven increments of 0.1 ms(-1) while the walk-run transition speed (TS) and central and peripheral ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded. MA performance was maintained between control (no locomotion) and treadmill conditions and participants rated hard MA as more difficult and more mentally engaging than easy MA. The TS increased during both levels of MA, although RPE values did not reflect psychological attenuation across the transition. Together, these results support the hypothesis that cognitive load distracts attentional focus from physiological cues that contribute to triggering human gait transitions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Coll Hlth & Human Dev, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Educ Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Daniels, GL (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Coll Hlth & Human Dev, 201 Henderson Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM pg0107@exmail.usma.army.mil; kmn1@psu.edu NR 55 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0511 J9 BIOL PSYCHOL JI Biol. Psychol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 63 IS 2 BP 163 EP 178 DI 10.1016/S0301-0511(03)00024-3 PG 16 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 693TL UT WOS:000183734400005 PM 12738406 ER PT J AU Farley, JH Hickey, KW Carlson, JW Rose, GS Kost, ER Harrison, TA AF Farley, JH Hickey, KW Carlson, JW Rose, GS Kost, ER Harrison, TA TI Adenosquamous histology predicts a poor outcome for patients with advanced-stage, but not early-stage, cervical carcinoma SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Armed Forces District Meeting CY OCT 19-22, 2002 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII DE adenosquamous; cervix; carcinoma; survival ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; UTERINE CERVIX; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; RADICAL HYSTERECTOMY; I ADENOCARCINOMA; PATTERNS; C-ERBB-2; RECURRENCE; SURVIVAL; FAILURE AB BACKGROUND. The objective of this study was to compare survival between patients with adenocarcinoma and patients with adenosquamous carcinoma of the cervix. METHODS. Patients who were diagnosed with invasive cervical carcinoma from 1988 to 1999 were identified from the Automated Central Tumor Registry for the United States Military Health Care System. Clinical data, including race, age at diagnosis, histology, tumor grade, disease stage, lymph node status, treatment modality, and survival, were collected. Survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS. A total of 273 women were identified, 185 women with a histologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma (AC) and 88 women with a diagnosis of adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC). Among the women with ASC, only 5% had Grade 1 tumors, and 66% had Grade 3 tumors. By comparison, among the women with AC, 37% had Grade 1 tumors, and 26% had Grade 3 tumors (P < 0.001). There was no difference in the incidence of positive lymph nodes or in the number of patients who underwent radical hysterectomy as primary treatment between patients with ASC and patients with AC. More patients with ASC received radiation therapy (51% vs. 28%) or chemotherapy (29% vs. 12%) as treatment (P < 0.001). Patients who had tumors with ASC histology had a significantly decreased 5-year survival rate compared with patients who had tumors with AC histology (65% vs. 83%; P < 0.002). When patients with early-stage cervical carcinoma. (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] Stage 1) were examined separately, there was no statistically significant difference in the 5-year survival rate (AC, 89%; ASC, 86%; P 0.644). However, when patients with advanced-stage disease (FIGO Stages II-IV) were analyzed, ASC was associated with a significant decrease in median and overall survival (P = 0.01). When the results were analyzed by grade, patients who had tumors with ASC histology had a shorter survival compared with patients who had AC histology of any grade; however, this was a significant difference only for patients with Grade 1 tumors: The 5-year survival rate for patients with Grade 1 AC was 93%, compared with 50% for patients with Grade 1 ASC (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS. ASC histology appears to be an independent predictor of poor outcome in women with cervical carcinoma compared with their counterparts who have pure AC. The significant decrease in survival was observed only in patients with advanced-stage cervical carcinoma. This decreased survival may be related mainly to the grade of ASC. Cancer 2003;97:2196-202. Published (C) 2003 by the American Cancer Society.* C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, San Antonio, TX USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. RP Farley, JH (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 23 TC 55 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 97 IS 9 BP 2196 EP 2202 DI 10.1002/cncr.11371 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 671BT UT WOS:000182445700011 PM 12712471 ER PT J AU Eckart, RE Leitch, WS Shry, EA Krasuski, RA Lane, MJ Leclerc, KM AF Eckart, RE Leitch, WS Shry, EA Krasuski, RA Lane, MJ Leclerc, KM TI Utility of magnetic resonance imaging in cardiac venous anatomic variants SO CARDIOVASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MR-angiography; vena cava; cardiac; congenital ID SUPERIOR VENA-CAVA; ABSENT RIGHT; CATHETER; BYPASS; HEART AB The incidence of persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is approximately 0.5% in the general population; however, the coexistent absence of the right SVC has a reported incidence in tertiary centers of 0.1%. The vast majority of reports are limited to pediatric cardiology. Likewise, sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is a rare congenital anomaly, with a reported incidence of 0.1-3.5% of all congenital heart defects. We present a 71-year-old patient undergoing preoperative evaluation for incidental finding of aortic root aneurysm, and found to have all three in coexistence. Suggestive findings were demonstrated on cardiac catheterization and definitive diagnosis was made by magnetic resonance imaging. The use of MRI for the diagnosis of asymptomatic adult congenital heart disease will be reviewed. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Eckart, RE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. OI Krasuski, Richard/0000-0003-3150-5215 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0174-1551 J9 CARDIOVASC INTER RAD JI Cardiovasc. Interv. Radiol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 26 IS 3 BP 309 EP 311 DI 10.1007/s00270-003-2635-8 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 702LH UT WOS:000184225000020 PM 14562986 ER PT J AU Landrum, PF Lotufo, GR Gossiaux, DC Gedeon, ML Lee, JH AF Landrum, PF Lotufo, GR Gossiaux, DC Gedeon, ML Lee, JH TI Bioaccumulation and critical body residue of PAHs in the amphipod, Diporeia spp.: additional evidence to support toxicity additivity for PAH mixtures SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Diporeia spp.; lethal body residue; toxicokinetics ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FRESH-WATER AMPHIPODS; PONTOPOREIA-HOYI; TOXICOKINETICS; MODEL; CHEMICALS; SEDIMENTS AB Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered to act additively when exposed as congener mixtures. Additive internal concentrations at the site of toxic action is the basis for recent efforts to establish a sum PAH guideline for sediment-associated PAH toxicity. This study determined the toxicity of several PAH congeners on a body residue basis in Diporeia spp. These values were compared to the previously established LR50 value for a PAH mixture based on the molar sum of PAH congeners and demonstrated similar LR50 values for individual PAH. These results support the contention that the PAH act at the same molar concentration whether present as individual compounds or in mixture. Aqueous exposures were conducted for 28 d, and the water was exchanged daily to maintain the exposure concentration. The concentration in the exposures declined by an average of 22% between water exchanges across all compounds, and ranged from 11% to 32%. The toxicokinetics were determined using both time-weighted-average (TWA) and time-variable water concentrations and were not statistically different between the two source functions. Toxicity was determined for both mortality and immobility (failure to swim on-prodding) and, on both a TWA water concentration and a body residue basis. The LC50 values ranged from 1757 mug l(-1) for naphthalene after 10 d exposure to 79.1 mug l(-1) for pyrene after 28 d exposure, and the EC50 ranged from 1587 mug l(-1) for naphthalene after 10 d exposure to 38.2 mug l(-1) for pyrene after 28 d exposure. The LR50 values for all congeners at all lengths of exposure were essentially constant and averaged 7.5 +/- 2.6 mumol g(-1), while the ER50 for immobility averaged 2.6 +/- 0.6 mumol g(-1). The bioconcentration factor declined with increasing exposure concentration and was driven primarily by a lower uptake rate with increasing dose, while the elimination remained essentially constant for each compound. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Oceanog, Seoul 151742, South Korea. RP Landrum, PF (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. NR 21 TC 71 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2003 VL 51 IS 6 BP 481 EP 489 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00863-9 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 654RA UT WOS:000181508800005 PM 12615100 ER PT J AU Schoenfeld, P Shad, J Ormseth, E Coyle, W Cash, B Butler, J Schindler, W Kikendall, WJ Furlong, C Sobin, LH Hobbs, CM Cruess, D Rex, D AF Schoenfeld, Philip Shad, Javaid Ormseth, Eric Coyle, Walter Cash, Brooks Butler, James Schindler, William Kikendall, Walter J. Furlong, Christopher Sobin, Leslie H. Hobbs, Christine M. Cruess, David Rex, Douglas CA Mil Colorectal Canc Screening Tria TI Predictive Value of Diminutive Colonic Adenoma Trial: The PREDICT Trial SO CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background & Aims: Diminutive adenomas (1-9 mm in diameter) are frequently found during colon cancer screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS). This trial assessed the predictive value of these diminutive adenomas for advanced adenomas in the proximal colon. Methods: In a multicenter, prospective cohort trial, we matched 200 patients with normal FS and 200 patients with diminutive adenomas on FS for age and gender. All patients underwent colonoscopy. The presence of advanced adenomas (adenoma >= 10 mm in diameter, villous adenoma, adenoma with high grade dysplasia, and colon cancer) and adenomas (any size) was recorded. Before colonoscopy, patients completed questionnaires about risk factors for adenomas. Results: The prevalence of advanced adenomas in the proximal colon was similar in patients with diminutive adenomas and patients with normal FS (6% vs. 5.5%, respectively) (relative risk, 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5-2.6). Diminutive adenomas on FS did not accurately predict advanced adenomas in the proximal colon: sensitivity, 52% (95% CI, 32%-72%); specificity, 50% (95% CI, 49%-51%); positive predictive value, 6% (95% CI, 4%-8%); and negative predictive value, 95% (95% CI, 92%-97%). Male gender (odds ratio, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.01-2.61) was associated with an increased risk of proximal colon adenomas. Conclusions: Diminutive adenomas on sigmiodoscopy may not accurately predict advanced adenomas in the proximal colon. C1 [Schoenfeld, Philip] Univ Michigan, Div Gastroenterol, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Schoenfeld, Philip] VA Ctr Practice Management & Outcomes Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Cash, Brooks; Butler, James] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Gastroenterol, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ormseth, Eric; Cash, Brooks; Butler, James; Kikendall, Walter J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Shad, Javaid; Schindler, William] USN, Div Gastroenterol, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Ormseth, Eric; Kikendall, Walter J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Coyle, Walter; Furlong, Christopher] USN, Div Gastroenterol, Med Ctr, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Sobin, Leslie H.; Hobbs, Christine M.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hepat & Gastrointestinal Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. [Cruess, David] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biostat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Rex, Douglas] Indiana Univ, Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Rex, Douglas] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Schoenfeld, P (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gastroenterol, Sch Med, VAMC 111-D,2215 Fuller Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM pssmd@aol.com FU American College of Gastroenterology; American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; American Digestive Health Foundation; NIDDK [K-23-DK-60040-01] FX Supported by grants from the American College of Gastroenterology, the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, and American Digestive Health Foundation.; Dr. Schoenfeld's research is supported by an NIDDK Career Development Award, K-23-DK-60040-01. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1542-3565 J9 CLIN GASTROENTEROL H JI Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 1 IS 3 BP 195 EP 201 DI 10.1053/jcgh.2003.50029 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA V19KG UT WOS:000208070700008 PM 15017491 ER PT J AU Taylor, KF Yingsakmongkol, W Conard, KA Stanton, RP AF Taylor, KF Yingsakmongkol, W Conard, KA Stanton, RP TI Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone: A case report and review of the literature SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone is the rare variant of a lesion that is relatively common in a skeletally mature population. An otherwise healthy 13-year-old boy presenting with this entity was followed up for 6 years. During this period, the patient was diagnosed with and treated for six individual lesions. One recurrence required resection, Ilizarov bone lengthening, and subsequent ankle arthrodesis. He remains fully active and free of distant metastasis. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Orthopaed, Bangkok, Thailand. Alfred I Dupont Inst, Dept Clin & Anat Pathol, Wilmington, DE 19899 USA. Alfred I Dupont Inst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Wilmington, DE 19899 USA. RP Taylor, KF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD MAY PY 2003 IS 410 BP 267 EP 273 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000063784.32430.b0 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 674HB UT WOS:000182630400030 PM 12771839 ER PT J AU Aliabadi, S Abedi, J Zellars, B Bota, K Johnson, A AF Aliabadi, S Abedi, J Zellars, B Bota, K Johnson, A TI Simulation technique for wave generation SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE free-surface flows; wave simulation; finite element method ID PARALLEL; DYNAMICS; FLOWS AB In this paper, we present a new finite element technique for simulation of water waves impacting on floating structures. The emphasis will be on the numerical methods for water wave generation and propagation. In our approach, the governing equations are the Navier-Stokes equations written for two incompressible fluids. An interface function with two distinct values serves as a marker identifying the location of the free-surface. This function is transported throughout the computational domain with a time-dependent advection equation. The stabilized finite element formulations are written and integrated in an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian domain. This allows us to handle the motion of the physical boundaries, such as the wave generator surface by moving the computational nodes. In the mesh-moving scheme, we assume that the computational domain is made of elastic materials. The linear elasticity equations are solved to obtain the displacements for each computational node. The numerical examples include 3D wave generation and wave breaking as they approach the coast, and the waves impacting on near-shore support columns. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Engn, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. Network Comp Serv Inc, Army HPC Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Aliabadi, S (reprint author), Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Engn, 223 James P Brawley Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 1069-8299 J9 COMMUN NUMER METH EN JI Commun. Numer. Methods Eng. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 19 IS 5 BP 349 EP 359 DI 10.1002/cnm.594 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 678XJ UT WOS:000182891700003 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Abbott, KC Agadoa, LY AF Shorr, AF Abbott, KC Agadoa, LY TI Acute respiratory distress syndrome after kidney transplantation: Epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE acute respiratory distress syndrome; epidemiology; kidney; mortality; outcome; risk transplant ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; READMISSION; RECIPIENTS; SURVIVAL; CELLS; LIVER; ICU AB Objective: To determine the rate of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after kidney transplantation and to identify risk factors associated with the development of ARDS after kidney transplantation and outcomes for patients diagnosed with ARDS in this setting. Design: Retrospective analysis of the national registry for end-stage renal disease in the United States. Patients: We studied all patients who underwent kidney transplantation between July 1, 1994 and June 30, 1998 and identified patients diagnosed with ARDS. The diagnosis of ARDS was based on coding of patients records. We also compared the rate of ARDS after kidney transplantation with the rate of ARDS in the remainder of the U.S. population based on the results of the National Hospital Discharge Survey for 1997. Measurements and Main Results; During the study period, 42,190 kidney transplantations were performed in the United States and ARDS was diagnosed in 86 of these subjects (0.2%) resulting in an annualized rate of ARDS of 51.0 cases per 100,000 patients per year. The rate of ARDS after kidney transplantation was significantly higher than the reported rate of ARDS in the U.S. population (p <.050). Demographic factors, indications for transplantation, comorbid illness, antigen mismatch, cytomegalovirus status, and development of rejection did not correlate with the development of ARDS. Of the immunosuppressive agents (e.g., cyclosporine, FK-506, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, OKT-3, antilymphocyte globulin), only the use of antilymphocyte globulin when used to treat rejection was linked with an increased risk for ARDS (odds ratio: 3.85; 95% confidence interval: 1.36 to 10.87). Subjects with graft failure were 2.70 (95% confidence interval: 1.33 to 5.52) times more likely to develop ARDS. The 28-day mortality in subjects with ARDS was 52.1%. The 3-yr survival after kidney transplantation was 88.9% in those without ARDS compared with 57.8% in persons with ARDS (p < .001). Conclusions: Although ARDS is a rare event after kidney transplantation, undergoing renal transplantation increases the risk for ARDS. Among patients receiving kidney transplants, graft failure and the use of antilymphocyte globulin for rejection are associated with the development of ARDS. Patients who develop ARDS after kidney transplantation face significant mortality. (Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1325-1330). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 25 TC 37 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1325 EP 1330 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000053645.38356.A6 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 680ME UT WOS:000182981300005 PM 12771598 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Wunderink, RG AF Shorr, AF Wunderink, RG TI Dollars and sense in the intensive care unit: The costs of ventilator-associated pneumonia SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE ventilator-associated pneumonia; intensive care unit ID IMPACT; TRIAL C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Methodist Bonheur Healthcare Fdn, Memphis, TN USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Wunderink, Richard/0000-0002-8527-4195 NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1582 EP 1583 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000063086.33840.54 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 680ME UT WOS:000182981300049 PM 12771639 ER PT J AU Lilly, CM Sonna, LA Haley, KJ Massaro, AF AF Lilly, CM Sonna, LA Haley, KJ Massaro, AF TI Intensive communication: Four-year follow-up from a clinical practice study SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th Annual Meeting of the University-of-Pittsburg-Medical-Center CY MAY, 2002 CL PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA SP Univ Pittsburg Med Ctr DE palliative care; acute physiology and chronic health; evaluation; ethics; utilization; mortality ID CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; CARE UNIT AB Purpose. To determine the durability of the effects of a change in practice designed to promote the use of advanced supportive technology when it is of benefit but to limit its burdens when it is ineffective. We have reported that institution of a process of intensive communication reduced length of intensive care unit stay for dying patients and reduced mortality in a before-and-after study in a cohort of patients admitted to an adult intensive care unit. We now report the results of a 4-yr extension of this intervention. Materials and Methods. The number of counseling sessions, intensive care unit length of stay, and mortality were measured for 2,361 adult medical patients consecutively admitted to a university tertiary care hospital. To determine the durability of the effects of our intervention, we compared our experience during the subsequent 4 yrs with that of the 134 consecutive patients before and 396 patients after our intensive communication intervention. Results. We conducted an equivalent number of intensive communication sessions in our subsequent practice as during the intervention (1.5 vs. 1.6 sessions per patient admitted to the intensive care unit). However, sessions tended to be of shorter duration, and direct participation by social workers, chaplains, and care coordinators was less frequent in our subsequent experience. Intensive communication produced a significant and durable reduction in length of stay (median length of stay, 4 days [2-11 days, interquartile range] before; 3 days [2-6 days, interquartile range] during the study; 3 days [2-6 days, interquartile range] subsequently). Our intervention was associated with a significant and durable reduction in intensive care unit mortality (31.3% before, 22.7% during the intervention, 18% subsequently; P < .001). Conclusions. Intensive communication is associated with durable reductions in intensive care unit length of stay and reduced mortality in critically ill adult medical patients. Intensive communication was applied more efficiently subsequent to the intervention, and its effectiveness does not seem to be dependent on nondirect caregivers' participation in the sessions. This process encourages the continuation of advanced supportive technology to patients with the potential to survive and allows the earlier withdrawal of advanced supportive technology when it is ineffective. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Combined Program Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Lilly, CM (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Combined Program Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 9 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 3 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 31 IS 5 SU S BP S394 EP S399 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000065279.77449.B4 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 681BK UT WOS:000183016700012 PM 12771590 ER PT J AU Pak, HS Harden, D Cruess, D Welch, ML Poropatich, R AF Pak, HS Harden, D Cruess, D Welch, ML Poropatich, R CA Natl Capital Area Teledermatology TI Teledermatology: An intraobserver diagnostic correlation study, part I SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID MULTICENTER TELEDERMATOLOGY; RELIABILITY; ACCURACY; TELECONSULTATIONS; CONSULTATIONS; TELEMEDICINE; TECHNOLOGY; TRIAL AB Many studies have been published recently on the effectiveness of teledermatology as a diagnostic tool; however, much of the data comes from live 2-way video teleconferencing consultations and very little comes from more readily available "store and forward" consultations. Moreover, most published studies compare the diagnoses of 2 different dermatologists (interobserver comparison). Given the lack of data on baseline interdermatologist diagnostic variability, the interpretation of currently available diagnostic correlation data is somewhat difficult. The objective of this study is to measure the degree of diagnostic concordance between a dermatologist seeing a patient via a teledermatology consult system and the same dermatologist seeing the same patient face-to-face in a dermatology clinic at a tertiary medical center. A random sample of 404 patients was selected from patients who had routine appointments at our dermatology clinic. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Pak, HS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAY PY 2003 VL 71 IS 5 BP 399 EP 403 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 679EK UT WOS:000182907600011 PM 12769408 ER PT J AU Rizza, RA Vigersky, RA Rodbard, HW Ladenson, PW Young, WF Surks, MI Kahn, R Hogan, PF AF Rizza, RA Vigersky, RA Rodbard, HW Ladenson, PW Young, WF Surks, MI Kahn, R Hogan, PF TI A model to determine workforce needs for endocrinologists in the United States until 2020 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID US PHYSICIAN WORKFORCE; PREVALENCE; HEALTH AB The objective of this study was to define the workforce needs for the specialty of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism in the United States between 1999 and 2020. An interactive model of factors likely to influence the balance between the supply and demand of endocrinologists during the next 20 years was constructed. The model used data from a wide range of sources and was developed under the guidance of a panel of experts derived from sponsoring organizations of endocrinologists. We determined current and projected numbers and demographics of endocrinologists in the U.S. workforce and the anticipated balance between supply and demand from 1999 to 2020. There were 3,623 adult endocrinologists in the workforce in 1999, of which 2,389 (66%) were in office-based practice. Their median age was 49 years. Both total office visits and services performed by endocrinologists (particularly for diabetes) increase during the 1990s. Waiting time for an initial appointment is presently longer for endocrinologists than for other physicians. Compared with a balanced, largely closed-staff health maintenance organization, the current national supply of endocrinologists is estimated to be 12% lower than demand. The number of endocrinologists entering the market has continuously fallen over the previous 5 years, from 200 in 1995 to 171 in 1999. Even if this downward trend were abruptly stopped, the model predicts that demand will exceed supply from now until 2020. While this gap narrows from 2000 to 2008 due to projected growth of managed care, it widens thereafter due to the aging of both the population and the endocrine workforce. Inclusion of other factors such as projected real income growth and increased prevalence of age-related endocrine disorders (e.g., diabetes and osteoporosis) further accentuates the deficit if the number of endocrinologists entering the workforce remains at 1999 levels, demand will continue to exceed supply from now through 2020 for adult endocrinologists, and the gap will widen progressively from 2010 onward. The present analysis indicates that the number of endocrinologists entering the workforce will not be sufficient to meet future demand. These data suggest that steps should be taken to stop the ongoing decline in the number of endocrinologists in training and consideration should be given to actions designed to increase the number of endocrinologists in practice in the years ahead. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Endocrinol 7D, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Endocrinol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Metab, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Nutr, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Internal Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Amer Assoc Clin Endocrinologists, Rockville, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Baltimore, MD USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Amer Diabet Assoc, Alexandria, VA USA. Lewin Grp, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Vigersky, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Endocrinol 7D, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAY PY 2003 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1545 EP 1552 DI 10.2337/diacare.26.5.1545 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 724UQ UT WOS:000185505400037 PM 12716820 ER PT J AU Schmeisser, ET Harrison, JM Sutter, EE Kiel, J Elliott, WR Sponsel, WE AF Schmeisser, ET Harrison, JM Sutter, EE Kiel, J Elliott, WR Sponsel, WE TI Modification of the Heidelberg Retinal Flowmeter to record pattern and flicker induced blood flow changes SO DOCUMENTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE retina; flowmetry; circulation; visual stimulation ID LASER-DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; MODEL; RESPONSES AB Purpose: We tested a prototype stimulator interfaced with a commercially available scanning laser ophthalmoscope designed to measure retinal capillary perfusion (Heidelberg Retina Flowmeter (HRF)). The add-on stimulator optically superimposed the image of a monitor display on to the subject's retina coaxially with the imaging optics of the HRF. The purpose of the study was to determine if flicker and pattern stimulation presented in this manner could evoke changes in retinal perfusion that could be measured by the HRF. Methods: The prototype stimulator projected 55degrees visual angle circular fields of homogeneous flicker, alternating checkerboard, and multi-focal m-sequence hexagonal patterns on the retina of 10 human subjects during acquisition of images by the HRF. Results: Images were successfully acquired and processed. HRF perfusion values during flicker and pattern stimulation were not significantly different from control values. Conclusions: Results of the present study and a previously published study showing a flicker-induced increase in the HRF perfusion values are contradictory. Retinal perfusion measured by the HRF were not affected by flicker and pattern stimulation delivered through the prototype device. These data are not consistent with a large flicker or pattern induced increase in retinal perfusion. The instrumental modification appears promising. However, the raster scan stimulation technique or some other aspect of stimulation or image acquisition may account for the different results in the present study and previous studies in our laboratory and in the laboratories of other investigators. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Smith Kettlewell Inst Visual Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. Veridian Inc, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Schmeisser, ET (reprint author), USA, Res Off, POB 12211, Durham, NC 27709 USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY009702] NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-4486 J9 DOC OPHTHALMOL JI Doc. Ophthalmol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 106 IS 3 BP 257 EP 263 DI 10.1023/A:1022973315359 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 698YD UT WOS:000184027100007 PM 12737503 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M DeLong, JR Derosset, WS AF Grujicic, M DeLong, JR Derosset, WS TI Reliability analysis of hybrid ceramic/steel gun barrels SO FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE failure; gun-barrel lining; reliability; thermo-mechanical cracking ID FRACTURE AB Failure of the ceramic gun-barrel lining during single-shot and burst firing events has been studied by combining a finite-element method based thermo-mechanical analysis with a structural reliability analysis. An initial distribution of residual stresses in the lined barrel, as introduced during shrink-fitting of the steel jacket over the ceramic lining, is taken into account. Forced-convection boundary conditions at the inner surface of the barrel are determined by carrying out an internal-ballistic analysis, followed by compressible boundary-layer modeling of the heat transfer coefficient. The results obtained reveal that due to thermal expansion of the steel jacket during single-shot and burst ballistic events, tensile axial stresses develop in the ceramic lining near the barrel ends. These stresses are sufficiently high, particularly in the case of burst firing, that they can induce formation of circumferential cracks and, in turn, failure of the lining. Using the Weibull structural reliability analysis, the failure probability for the lining has been computed as 0.0025 and 0.0121 for the single-round and the 10-round firing modes, respectively. Optimization of the main design, materials and processing parameters in order to minimize the failure probability for the lining is also discussed. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 8756-758X J9 FATIGUE FRACT ENG M JI Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 26 IS 5 BP 405 EP 420 DI 10.1046/j.1460-2695.2003.00634.x PG 16 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 666NH UT WOS:000182183000004 ER PT J AU Kanapady, R Tamma, KK AF Kanapady, R Tamma, KK TI On a novel design of a new unified variational framework of discontinuous/continuous time operators of high order and equivalence SO FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE weighted residual method; continuous and discontinuous Galerkin and Petrov-Galerkin methods; continuous/discontinuous time operators; bi-discontinuous formulations; high-order time integration operators ID STEP INTEGRATION ALGORITHMS; STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; WEIGHTING PARAMETERS; FINITE-ELEMENTS; GALERKIN METHOD; ACCURATE; FORMULATION; SYSTEMS; SPACE AB In this paper we present a novel design of a unified variational framework for both time continuous and discontinuous integration operators and also discuss in particular their equivalence via their respective spectral properties. As an added dimension, we also describe how the proposed approach enables the design of both time continuous/discontinuous high-order A-Stable schemes of order 2q, L-Stable schemes of order 2q-1 and 2q - 2, and subsequently provide the requisite hierarchical computational structure of the resulting equations that is useful for time adaptive computations. In this regard, a new unified set of energy conserving and energy dissipating time discretized operators are described for both time continuous and discontinuous formulations for computational dynamics. Although the emphasis is placed on second-order systems, the developments also hold for first-order system representations. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Kanapady, R (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, 1100 Washington Ave S,Suite 101, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-874X J9 FINITE ELEM ANAL DES JI Finite Elem. Anal. Des. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 39 IS 8 BP 727 EP 749 DI 10.1016/S0168-874X(03)00056-8 PG 23 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 677FG UT WOS:000182795800003 ER PT J AU Forbes, PD Beer, JZ Black, HS Cesarini, JP Cole, CA Davies, RE Davitt, JM DeGruijl, F Epstein, J Fourtanier, A Green, A Koval, T Ley, RD Mascotto, R Morison, W Osterberg, R Sliney, D Urbach, F van der Leun, JC Young, AR AF Forbes, PD Beer, JZ Black, HS Cesarini, JP Cole, CA Davies, RE Davitt, JM DeGruijl, F Epstein, J Fourtanier, A Green, A Koval, T Ley, RD Mascotto, R Morison, W Osterberg, R Sliney, D Urbach, F van der Leun, JC Young, AR TI Standardized protocols for photocarcinogenesis safety testing SO FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE photocarcinogenesis; protocols; laboratory models; Uv radiation; safety testing; toxicology; guidelines; review ID STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION; A RADIATION PUVA; SKIN-CANCER; HAIRLESS MICE; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; METHOXSALEN PSORALEN; RISK; 8-METHOXYPSORALEN; CARCINOGENESIS; PSORIASIS AB Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is recognized as a major cause of non-melanoma skin cancer in man. Skin cancer occurs most frequently in the most heavily exposed areas and correlates with degree of outdoor exposure. The incidence of skin cancer is also increased by contact with photosensitizing drugs and chemicals such as psoralens, coal tars and petroleum stocks. Other substances which do not act as photosensitizers, such as immunosuppressants taken by organ transplant recipients, also increase the risk of skin cancer. The U. S. Food and Drug Administration requests, on a case-by-case basis, that risk of enhanced photocarcinogenesis is assessed for many classes of drugs. Health Canada's Therapeutic Products Programme has issued a Notice of Intent to regulate pharmaceutical products which may enhance carcinogenicity of the skin induced by ultraviolet radiation. Other national regulatory agencies review such data when they exist, but their own requirements emphasize batteries of short-term in vitro and in vivo tests. While they may support drug development strategies, short-term tests have yet to be validated as predictors of the ability of drugs or chemicals to enhance photocarcinogenesis. Published protocols now describe study designs and procedures capable of determining whether test agents enhance the rate of formation of UVR-induced skin tumors. C1 Charles River Labs Inc, Argus Res, Discovery & Dev Div, Horsham, PA 19044 USA. US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Fdn Rothchild, F-75019 Paris, France. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Prod Co, Skillman, NJ 08558 USA. Regulatory Affairs Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands. LOreal, Grp Dermatobiol, F-92583 Paris, France. Queensland Inst Med Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4029, Australia. NCRP, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. LOreal, Corp Res & Dev, F-92583 Paris, France. US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. USA, Environm Hyg Agcy, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EcoSys, Utrecht, Netherlands. Kings Coll London, St Johns Inst Dermatol, London SE1 7EH, England. RP Forbes, PD (reprint author), Charles River Labs Inc, Argus Res, Discovery & Dev Div, 905 Sheehy Dr, Horsham, PA 19044 USA. EM forbes@toxarus.com NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC PI MANHASSET PA C/O NORTH SHORE UNIV HOSPITAL, BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER, 350 COMMUNITY DR, MANHASSET, NY 11030 USA SN 1093-9946 J9 FRONT BIOSCI JI Front. Biosci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 8 BP D848 EP D854 DI 10.2741/975 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 669LG UT WOS:000182352300036 PM 12700109 ER PT J AU Mulhall, BP Nelson, B Rogers, L Wong, RKH AF Mulhall, BP Nelson, B Rogers, L Wong, RKH TI Herpetic esophagitis and intractable hiccups (singultus) in an immunocompetent patient SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Letter ID INFECTIONS; ULCERATION C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mulhall, BP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Gastroenterol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 57 IS 5 BP 796 EP 797 DI 10.1067/mge.2003.212 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 675AP UT WOS:000182671100042 PM 12739568 ER PT J AU Tierney, GL Fahey, TJ Groffman, PM Hardy, JP Fitzhugh, RD Driscoll, CT Yavitt, JB AF Tierney, GL Fahey, TJ Groffman, PM Hardy, JP Fitzhugh, RD Driscoll, CT Yavitt, JB TI Environmental control of fine root dynamics in a northern hardwood forest SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE below-ground; exogenous vs endogenous control; global change; hysteresis; minirhizotron ID SOIL-TEMPERATURE; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; GLOBAL CHANGE; GROWTH; ECOSYSTEM; LONGEVITY; TURNOVER; NITROGEN; MANIPULATION; DEMOGRAPHY AB Understanding how exogenous and endogenous factors control the distribution, production and mortality of fine roots is fundamental to assessing the implications of global change, yet our knowledge of control over fine root dynamics remains rudimentary. To improve understanding of these processes, the present study developed regression relationships between environmental variables and fine root dynamics within a northern hardwood forest in New Hampshire, USA, which was experimentally manipulated with a snow removal treatment. Fine roots (< 1 mm diameter) were observed using minirhizotrons for 2 years in sugar maple and yellow birch stands and analyzed in relation to temperature, water and nutrient availability. Fine root dynamics at this site fluctuated seasonally, with growth and mortality peaking during warmer months. Monthly fine root production was strongly associated with mean monthly air temperature and neither soil moisture nor nutrient availability added additional predictive power to this relationship. This relationship exhibited a seasonal temperature hysteresis, which was altered by snow removal treatment. These results suggest that both exogenous and endogenous cues may be important in controlling fine root growth in this system. Proportional fine root mortality was directly associated with mean monthly soil temperature, and proportional fine root mortality during the over-winter interval was strongly related to whether the soil froze. The strong relationship between fine root production and air temperature reported herein contrasts with findings from some hardwood forest sites and indicates that controls on fine root dynamics vary geographically. Future research must more clearly distinguish between endogenous and exogenous control over fine root dynamics in various ecosystems. C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP Tierney, GL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; OI Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 NR 46 TC 77 Z9 85 U1 6 U2 48 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 9 IS 5 BP 670 EP 679 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00622.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 674UE UT WOS:000182653700003 ER PT J AU Kost, ER Hall, KL Hines, JF Farley, JH Nycum, LR Rose, GS Carlson, JW Fischer, JR Kendall, BS AF Kost, ER Hall, KL Hines, JF Farley, JH Nycum, LR Rose, GS Carlson, JW Fischer, JR Kendall, BS TI Asian-Pacific Islander race independently predicts poor outcome in patients with endometrial cancer SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; P53 PROTEIN OVEREXPRESSION; DATA-BASE REPORT; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; OVARIAN-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; CARCINOMA; SURVIVAL; STAGE AB Objective. The Department of Defense health care system provides access to care without respect to age, race, or socioeconomic status. We sought to determine the effect of race as a predictor of survival in patients with endometrial cancer treated in the Department of Defense medical system. Methods. Information on patients with endometrial carcinoma was extracted from the Department of Defense centralized tumor registry for the period 1988 to 1995. Data included age at diagnosis, military status, race, tumor histology, grade, FIGO surgical stage, adjuvant therapies, and disease-free survival. The chi(2) test was used for analysis of prognostic factors and adjuvant treatments between racial groups. Actuarial survival curves were calculated by using the method of Kaplan and Meier and compared by the log-rank test. Variables found to be significant on univariate analysis (P < 0.05) were entered into a multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results. Of 1811 patients meeting criteria for the study, racial distribution was 90% Caucasian, 4.4% African-American, and 5.5% Asian-Pacific Islander. African-Americans had more advanced stages of disease compared to Caucasians (P < 0.001). Both African-Americans and Asian-Pacific Islanders had higher grade tumors and less favorable histologic types than Caucasians (P < 0.05). The extent of adjuvant therapies was similar for racial groups. African-Americans and Asian-Pacific Islanders had significantly worse 5-year disease-free survivals than Caucasians (P = 0.007). Additional poor prognostic factors included age >60 years, grade, unfavorable histology, and stage. On multivariate analysis age >60 years, stage, and Asian-Pacific Islander race remained significant prognostic factors. Conclusion. African-Americans and Asian-Pacific Islanders had worse survivals than Caucasians. After controlling for imbalances in clinicopathologic factors, Asian-Pacific Islander race was found to be a newly identified poor prognostic factor. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. SE Gynecol Oncol, Atlanta, GA 30274 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Kost, ER (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 89 IS 2 BP 218 EP 226 DI 10.1016/S0090-8258(03)00050-7 PG 9 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 674PR UT WOS:000182645600005 PM 12713983 ER PT J AU Nelson, DA Walters, TJ Ryan, KL Emerton, KB Hurt, WD Ziriax, JM Johnson, LR Mason, PA AF Nelson, DA Walters, TJ Ryan, KL Emerton, KB Hurt, WD Ziriax, JM Johnson, LR Mason, PA TI Inter-species extrapolation of skin heating resulting from millimeter wave irradiation: Modeling and experimental results SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radiation, non-ionizing; skin dose; modeling, dose assessment; radiation damage ID BLOOD-FLOW; THERMAL BALANCE; THERMOREGULATION; HYPERTHERMIA AB This study reports measurements of the skin surface temperature elevations during localized irradiation (94 GHz) of three species: rat (irradiated on lower abdomen), rhesus monkey (posterior forelimb), and human (posterior forearm). Two exposure conditions were examined: prolonged, low power density microwaves (LPM) and short-term, high power density microwaves (HPM). Temperature histories were compared with calculations from a bio-heat transfer model. The mean peak surface temperature increase was approximately 7.0degreesC for the short-term HPM exposures for all three species/locations, and 8.5degreesC (monkey, human) to 10.5degreesC (rat) for the longer-duration LPM exposures. The HPM temperature histories are in close agreement with a one-dimensional conduction heat transfer model with negligible blood flow. The LPM temperature histories were compared with calculations from the bio-heat model, evaluated for various (constant) blood flow rates. Results suggest a variable blood flow model, reflecting a dynamic thermoregulatory response, may be more suited to describing skin surface temperature response under long-duration MMW irradiation. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Radio Frequency Radiat Branch, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Nelson, DA (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM danelson@mtu.edu NR 28 TC 9 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 84 IS 5 BP 608 EP 615 DI 10.1097/00004032-200305000-00006 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 668AZ UT WOS:000182269300006 PM 12747480 ER PT J AU Wei, J Goldberg, MB Burland, V Venkatesan, MM Deng, W Fournier, G Mayhew, GF Plunkett, G Rose, DJ Darling, A Mau, B Perna, NT Payne, SM Runyen-Janecky, LJ Zhou, S Schwartz, DC Blattner, FR AF Wei, J Goldberg, MB Burland, V Venkatesan, MM Deng, W Fournier, G Mayhew, GF Plunkett, G Rose, DJ Darling, A Mau, B Perna, NT Payne, SM Runyen-Janecky, LJ Zhou, S Schwartz, DC Blattner, FR TI Complete genome sequence and comparative genomics of Shigella flexneri serotype 2a strain 2457T SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LARGE VIRULENCE PLASMID; COMPLETE DNA-SEQUENCE; LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; ATTENUATED SHIGELLA; INSERTION SEQUENCES; EFFECTOR PROTEINS; HOST-SPECIFICITY; SALMONELLA-TYPHI AB We determined the complete genome sequence of Shigella flexneri serotype 2a strain 2457T (4,599,354 bp). Shigella species cause >1 million deaths per year from dysentery and diarrhea and have a lifestyle that is markedly different from those of closely related bacteria, including Escherichia coli. The genome exhibits the backbone and island mosaic structure of E. coli pathogens, albeit with much less horizontally transferred DNA and lacking 357 genes present in E. coli. The strain is distinctive in its large complement of insertion sequences, with several genomic rearrangements mediated by insertion sequences, 12 cryptic prophages, 372 pseudogenes, and 195 S. flexneri-specitic genes. The 2457T genome was also compared with that of a recently sequenced S. flexneri 2a strain, 301. Our data are consistent with Shigella being phylogenetically indistinguishable from E. coli. The S. flexneri-specific regions contain many genes that could encode proteins with roles in virulence. Analysis of these will reveal the genetic basis for aspects of this pathogenic organism's distinctive lifestyle that have yet to be explained. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Genome Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Anim Hlth & Biol Sci & Genome Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Cell & Mol Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Blattner, FR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, 445 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RI Zhou, Shiguo/B-3832-2011; Mayhew, George/B-4042-2016; Plunkett III, Guy/B-8058-2009; OI Zhou, Shiguo/0000-0001-7421-2506; Mayhew, George/0000-0003-0609-6018; Plunkett III, Guy/0000-0003-1422-469X; Darling, Aaron/0000-0003-2397-7925 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-43562, AI-44387] NR 73 TC 273 Z9 1888 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 71 IS 5 BP 2775 EP 2786 DI 10.1128/IAI.71.5.2775-2786.2003 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 672BT UT WOS:000182501500055 PM 12704152 ER PT J AU Roy, CJ Hale, M Hartings, JM Pitt, L Duniho, S AF Roy, CJ Hale, M Hartings, JM Pitt, L Duniho, S TI Impact of inhalation exposure modality and particle size on the respiratory deposition of ricin in balb/c mice SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY DEPOSITION; PROTECTS MICE; AEROSOL; LUNG; RETENTION; TOXICITY; ANIMALS; HUMANS; RATS AB Ricin is a toxic lectin derived from the seed of Ricinus communis (castor plant). It is lethal in small quantities when disseminated as an aerosol. We determined the impact of using two types of exposure chambers and different particle sizes on the deposition of ricin aerosols in mice. Initially, two types of inhalation exposure chambers (whole-body [WB] or nose-only [NO]) were compared using the same size aerosol (1 mum) to determine the potential impact upon respiratory deposition and presented dose. We then assessed the role of particle size on deposition by using aerosols with two distinctly sized particle distributions. Selected organs were collected at four time points after exposure and were analyzed by quantitative enyzme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and epifluorescence microscopy. Results of the exposure chamber comparison, using 1-mum particles only, indicated approximately 50% of the total ricin in the 4 organs was detected in the lung tissue 1 h after exposure. The trachea and nasopharyngeal region of the animals exposed using the WB chamber contained significantly more ricin than those of animals exposed in the NO chamber. Histopathology indicated an accumulation of ricin in both the tracheobronchial and pulmonary regions with pronounced bronchiolar degradation 48 h postexposure. When particles larger than 3 mum were used, results indicated a considerable amount of ricin initially detected in the trachea, although this finding was discounted due to the heterodispersity of the particles generated. Interestingly, no animals died as a result of exposure to the equivalent of 4 LD50s (as determined using a 1-mum particle) when exposed to the larger size distribution of particles. This result indicates a differential lethality that is contingent upon aerosol size. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR,UIT, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Roy, CJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR,UIT, Div Toxinol & Aerobiol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 39 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 15 IS 6 BP 619 EP 638 DI 10.1080/08958370390205092 PG 20 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 681XQ UT WOS:000183061200005 PM 12692733 ER PT J AU Hart, MK AF Hart, MK TI Vaccine research efforts for filoviruses SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Ebola virus; Marburg virus; filovirus; vaccine; immunity ID EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; INFECTIVITY-ENHANCING ANTIBODIES; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; MARBURG-VIRUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEINS; RHESUS-MONKEYS AB Ebola and Marburg viruses belong to the family Filoviridae, and cause acute, frequently fatal, haemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. No vaccines are available for human use. This review describes the status of research efforts to develop vaccines for these viruses and to identify the immune mechanisms of protection. The vaccine approaches discussed include DNA-based vaccines, and subunit vaccines vectored by adenovirus, alphavirus replicons, and vaccinia virus. (C) 2003 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hart, MK (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM marykate.hart@amedd.army.mil NR 132 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 EI 1879-0135 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 33 IS 5-6 BP 583 EP 595 DI 10.1016/S0020-7519(03)00064-X PG 13 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 691KG UT WOS:000183604700012 PM 12782057 ER PT J AU Forrestal, MJ Frew, DJ Hickerson, JP Rohwer, TA AF Forrestal, MJ Frew, DJ Hickerson, JP Rohwer, TA TI Penetration of concrete targets with deceleration-time measurements SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE penetration; concrete targets; deceleration-time measurements ID NOSE STEEL PROJECTILES; 6061-T6511 ALUMINUM TARGETS; STRIKING VELOCITIES; 3.0 KM/S; RODS AB We conducted two sets of penetration experiments with concrete targets that had average compressive strengths of 23 and 39 MPa (3.3 and 5.7 ksi). The 76.2-mm-diameter, 530-mm-long, ogive-nose projectiles were machined from 4340 R(c)45 steel and designed to contain a single-channel acceleration data recorder. Thus, we recorded acceleration during launch and deceleration during penetration. An 83-mm-diameter powder gun launched the 13 kg projectiles to striking velocities between 140 and 460 m/s. Measured penetration depths and deceleration-time data were analyzed with a previously published model. In addition, we compared the results of this study with results obtained from smaller diameter projectiles and this comparison suggested a projectile diameter scale effect. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 15414, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USA, Strurct & Geotech lab, ERDC, WES, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Frew, DJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Dept 15414, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. NR 18 TC 101 Z9 164 U1 5 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 28 IS 5 BP 479 EP 497 AR PII S0734-743X(02)00108-2 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(02)00108-2 PG 19 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 648MB UT WOS:000181154200002 ER PT J AU McLeod, IK Brooks, DB Mair, EA AF McLeod, IK Brooks, DB Mair, EA TI Revision choanal atresia repair SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE choanal atresia; transnasal endoscopic revision; microdebridement; mitomycin-C; image guided surgery ID ENDOSCOPIC REPAIR; MANAGEMENT AB Objective: Since the first description of choanal, atresia (CA) in 1755, multiple surgical techniques have been proposed to repair the malformation. Today, the transnasal endoscopic method is the most widely accepted repair technique. The bony choanal plates are perforated, the lateral choanae are drilled, and a portion of the vomer removed. Unfortunately, the problem of re-stenosis is a significant issue, and as a result, revision surgery may be a recurring theme in some children. We describe a successful revision endoscopic technique utilizing a microdebrider with straight and 120degrees telescopes, image guided surgery, and topical mitomycin-C to permanently open the choanae without stenting. Methods: Described are six children (1-15 years old) with CA or stenosis who have collectively undergone 25 choanal procedures at various institutions. A microdebrider carefully removes the bony septum under direct nasal and intraoral telescopic visualization. No lateral drilling is performed. Image guidance is helpful when excessive scar tissue is present. Topical mitomycin-C minimizes post-operative scarring. The cartilaginous septum is left intact. Results: 2-4-year clinical and endoscopic follow-up on all children revealed a widely patent nasal airway with no complications (epistaxis, crusting, or re-stenosis). Synechiae or re-stenosis did not occur as circumferential mucosal stripping was avoided. No stenting was needed since the bony septum is removed. Conclusion: Near total endoscopic removal of the bony septum provides long-term nasal patency for revision CA/stenosis repairs. The endoscopic 'common choanae' technique is aided by transnasal. and transoral telescopic visualization with precise microdebrider removal of the bony septum. The technique is safe with no complications in our case series. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Director Pediat Otolaryngol, 2200 Bergquist Dr Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 21 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 BP 517 EP 524 DI 10.1016/S0165-5876(03)00012-0 PG 8 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA 676NL UT WOS:000182758400010 PM 12697354 ER PT J AU Chung, PW Narnburu, RR AF Chung, PW Narnburu, RR TI On a formulation for a multiscale atomistic-continuum homogenization method SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE homogenization; atomic-level; multiscale; graphene; lattice statics; finite element method ID LENGTH SCALES; GRAPHITE; DEFECTS AB The homogenization method is used as a framework for developing a multiscale system of equations involving atoms at zero temperature at the small scale and continuum mechanics at the very large scale. The Tersoff-Brenner Type II potential [Physical Review Letters 61(25) (1988) 2879; Physical Review B 42 (15) (1990) 9458] is employed to model the atomic interactions while hyperelasticity governs the continuum. A quasistatic assumption is used together with the Cauchy-Born approximation to enforce the gross deformation of the continuum on the positions of the atoms. The two-scale homogenization method establishes coupled self-consistent variational equations in which the information at the atomistic scale, formulated in terms of the Lagrangian stiffness tensor, concurrently feeds the material information to the continuum equations. Analytical results for a one dimensional molecular wire and numerical experiments for a two dimensional graphene sheet demonstrate the method and its applicability. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Lab, AMSRL CI HC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Chung, PW (reprint author), USA, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Lab, AMSRL CI HC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 22 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 40 IS 10 BP 2563 EP 2588 DI 10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00058-1 PG 26 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 668KL UT WOS:000182289800013 ER PT J AU Andreason, KW Kerrison, JB Holck, DEE Blaydon, SM Lancaster, JL Richardson, LA Morrison, JC Zamarripa, FE Fox, PT AF Andreason, KW Kerrison, JB Holck, DEE Blaydon, SM Lancaster, JL Richardson, LA Morrison, JC Zamarripa, FE Fox, PT TI PET scanning in essential blepharospasm SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Wilmer Eye Inst, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Res Imaging Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RI Lancaster, Jack/F-2994-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 2722 BP U36 EP U36 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607000189 ER PT J AU Bishop, R Bower, KS Rabin, J AF Bishop, R Bower, KS Rabin, J TI Comparison between induced higher order wavefront aberrations following initial LASIK surgery and LASIK enhancement surgery SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04-09, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Pacific Univ, Coll Optometry, Forest Grove, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 2610 BP U14 EP U14 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607000076 ER PT J AU Bower, KS Subramanian, P Stutzman, R Rabin, J AF Bower, KS Subramanian, P Stutzman, R Rabin, J TI Prospective evaluation of night vision goggle (NVG) and night firing performance in soldiers treated with LASIK and PRK SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04-09, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Pacific Univ, Coll Optometry, Forest Grove, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 2634 BP U19 EP U19 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607000099 ER PT J AU Brown, J Zwick, H Mayerchak, S Schuschereba, S Akers, A Lund, J Stuck, BE AF Brown, J Zwick, H Mayerchak, S Schuschereba, S Akers, A Lund, J Stuck, BE TI Steroid and nonsteroidal treatment following macular laser may increase the laser lesion size at the level of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 4878 BP U665 EP U665 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607002335 ER PT J AU Cute, D Subramanian, P Warren, B Fannin, L Rabin, J Bower, KS AF Cute, D Subramanian, P Warren, B Fannin, L Rabin, J Bower, KS TI An evaluation of two different methods of marking the horizontal axis during excimer laser keratorefractive surgery for myopic astigmatism SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04-09, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Pacific Univ, Sch Optometry, Forest Grove, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 2655 BP U23 EP U23 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607000124 ER PT J AU Elliott, WR Glickman, RD Rentmeister-Bryant, H Zwick, H AF Elliott, WR Glickman, RD Rentmeister-Bryant, H Zwick, H TI Functional assessment of snake retina using pattern ERG SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr Det, Laser Dept, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. USA, Med Res Det, WRAIR, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 2706 BP U32 EP U32 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607000173 ER PT J AU Hamilton, MT Holck, DEE Ng, JD Wettlaufer-Jumper, J DeMartelaere, S Foster, JA Blaydon, SM Gardner, B AF Hamilton, MT Holck, DEE Ng, JD Wettlaufer-Jumper, J DeMartelaere, S Foster, JA Blaydon, SM Gardner, B TI Hydrogel orbital implants stimulate greater bony orbital development than dermis fat grafting in the pediatric porcine anophthalmic socket SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Casey Eye Inst, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Ophthalm Consultants Ohio, Columbus, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 1 MA 2226 BP U380 EP U380 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CH UT WOS:000184606802151 ER PT J AU MacKersie, DL Cho, RI Goodman, RL Jumper, JM AF MacKersie, DL Cho, RI Goodman, RL Jumper, JM TI Comparison of BSS Plus (TM) and Dextrose-Bicarbonate-Lactated Ringers solution for intraocular irrigation during phacoemulsification SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 1 MA 230 BP U41 EP U41 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CH UT WOS:000184606800207 ER PT J AU Marshall, SB Kerrison, JB Holck, DEE Blaydon, SM AF Marshall, SB Kerrison, JB Holck, DEE Blaydon, SM TI Thyroid antibodies in association with thyroid ophthalmopathy SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Wilmer Eye Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 4610 BP U609 EP U609 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607002069 ER PT J AU McCauley, MB Holck, DEE DeMartelaere, S Blaydon, S Ng, JD Foster, JA AF McCauley, MB Holck, DEE DeMartelaere, S Blaydon, S Ng, JD Foster, JA TI Improved vascularization rate of porous polyethylene orbital implants containing synthetic bone graft particulate SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 1 MA 2217 BP U379 EP U379 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CH UT WOS:000184606802146 ER PT J AU Mines, MJ Bower, KS Ward, TP Thach, AB Kramer, K Belyea, DA Nelson, B AF Mines, MJ Bower, KS Ward, TP Thach, AB Kramer, K Belyea, DA Nelson, B TI Robotic microsurgical repair of corneal lacerations in rabbit eyes SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Retinal Consultants Arizona, Ophthalmol, Phoenix, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 1 MA 907 BP U250 EP U250 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CH UT WOS:000184606800883 ER PT J AU Rentmeister-Bryant, HK Elliott, WR Hatcher, R Zwick, H AF Rentmeister-Bryant, HK Elliott, WR Hatcher, R Zwick, H TI Contrast/acuity threshold testing and simultaneous cSLO retinal imaging in task oriented rhesus monkeys SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 USA, Med Res Det, WRAIR, San Antonio, TX USA. NHRC, Laser Dept, DET, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 4960 BP U682 EP U682 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607002420 ER PT J AU Thordsen, JE Warren, B Subramanian, P Bower, KS AF Thordsen, JE Warren, B Subramanian, P Bower, KS TI Effect of brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution 0.15% on pupil diameter in normal eyes SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 1 MA 792 BP U229 EP U229 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CH UT WOS:000184606800768 ER PT J AU Yu, M Thomas, ML Peter, R Ridley, B Hotchkiss, ER Russo, MB AF Yu, M Thomas, ML Peter, R Ridley, B Hotchkiss, ER Russo, MB TI Relationship between some parameters of pupil-light reflection and adaptation light level SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Henry Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. PMI Inc, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 4077 BP U436 EP U436 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607001542 ER PT J AU Zwick, H Di Carlo, C Stuck, BE Lund, DJ AF Zwick, H Di Carlo, C Stuck, BE Lund, DJ TI MFERG analysis of longterm laser induced retinal in the non-human primate SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04, 2003 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI ROCKVILLE PA 12300 TWINBROOK PARKWAY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-1606 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 SU 2 MA 4929 BP U677 EP U677 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 709CK UT WOS:000184607002387 ER PT J AU Larciprete, MC Sibilia, C Paoloni, S Bertolotti, M Sarto, F Scalora, M AF Larciprete, MC Sibilia, C Paoloni, S Bertolotti, M Sarto, F Scalora, M TI Accessing the optical limiting properties of metallo-dielectric photonic band gap structures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION; FINITE; FILMS; ZNO AB The optical limiting properties of a one-dimensional, transparent metallodielectric photonic band gap structure are studied. Due to light confinement in the structure that enhances the nonlinear response of the layers, a nonlinear transmission dependence on the incident light intensity is found. Experimental results are reported for a four period sample where the single period consists of ZnO and Ag layers 109 and 17 nm thick, respectively. The structure was designed to exhibit a transmission resonance at 532 nm. Under the action of a Q-switched frequency doubled Nd:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser, a decrease in transmission of approximately 50% is obtained for a maximum incident light intensity of 2 GW/cm(2). These results are explained in terms of a dynamic change of the absorption coefficient due to the enhancement of the two-photon absorption process. These results suggest that the structure is suitable for optical limiting applications in the visible range. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. ENEA, Adv Phys Technol Unit, I-00060 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weapons Sci Directorate, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Larciprete, MC (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, Via A Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RI Sarto, Francesca/J-6612-2012; OI Sarto, Francesca/0000-0002-6663-882X; Larciprete, Maria Cristina/0000-0002-7876-628X NR 24 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 9 BP 5013 EP 5017 DI 10.1063/1.1564283 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 668MA UT WOS:000182296700008 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Pashkova, NV Shlensky, AA Pearton, SJ Overberg, ME Abernathy, CR Zavada, JM Wilson, RG AF Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Pashkova, NV Shlensky, AA Pearton, SJ Overberg, ME Abernathy, CR Zavada, JM Wilson, RG TI Electrical and optical properties of Cr and Fe implanted n-GaN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PERSISTENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; DOPED GAN; FILMS; MN; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; FERROMAGNETISM; SEMICONDUCTOR; RECOMBINATION AB Deep levels introduced into n-GaN films by Fe and Cr implantation have been studied by means of optical absorption and microcathodoluminescence spectroscopy measurements and by deep level transient spectroscopy, admittance spectroscopy, and capacitance-voltage profiling. The results are compared with previous measurements on Mn and Co implanted GaN. It is shown that the acceptor levels of substitutional Mn, Co, Fe, and Cr in n-GaN are located, respectively, near E-v+1.6 eV, E-v+1.7 eV, E-v+1.8 eV, and E-v+2 eV, the trend being similar to that observed in GaAs, GaP, and InP. The Fermi level in the implanted region is pinned near deep electron traps at E-c-0.5 eV that are tentatively attributed to complexes between substitutional transition metal ions and native defects such as nitrogen vacancies. It is shown that for all implanted species after 700 degreesC annealing a damaged region with relatively high resistivity is formed down to the depth of about 1 mum much, exceeding the projected range of implanted ions. This region is enriched with radiation-damage-related defects and is most likely formed by outdiffusion of these defects from the implanted region during annealing. The thickness of this damaged region is shown to be the lowest for Cr implantation. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Polyakov, AY (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 5, Moscow 119017, Russia. RI Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175 NR 31 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 9 BP 5388 EP 5396 DI 10.1063/1.1565677 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 668MA UT WOS:000182296700063 ER PT J AU Cheuvront, SN Kolka, MA Cadarette, BS Montain, SJ Sawka, MN AF Cheuvront, SN Kolka, MA Cadarette, BS Montain, SJ Sawka, MN TI Efficacy of intermittent, regional microclimate cooling SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exercise heat strain; heat balance; protective clothing; thermoregulation; skin temperature ID UNCOMPENSABLE HEAT-STRESS; LOWER-BODY EXERCISE; TOLERANCE; COLD; HYDRATION; WATER; DEBT; MEN AB The vasomotor response to cold may compromise the capacity for microclimate cooling (MCC) to reduce thermoregulatory strain. This study examined the hypothesis that intermittent, regional MCC (IRC) would abate this response and improve heat loss when compared with constant MCC ( CC) during exercise heat stress. In addition, the relative effectiveness of four different IRC regimens was compared. Five heat-acclimated men attempted six experimental trials of treadmill walking (similar to225 W/m(2)) in a warm climate ( dry bulb temperature = 30degreesC, dewpoint temperature = 11degreesC) while wearing chemical protective clothing ( insulation = 2.1; moisture permeability - 0.32) with a water-perfused (21degreesC) cooling undergarment. The six trials conducted were CC ( continuous perfusion) of 72% body surface area (BSA), two IRC regimens cooling 36% BSA by using 2: 2 (IRC1) or 4: 4 (IRC2) min on-off perfusion ratios, two IRC regimens cooling 18% BSA by using 1: 3 (IRC3) or 2: 6 (IRC4) min on-off perfusion ratios, and a no cooling (NC) control. Compared with NC, CC significantly reduced changes in rectal temperature (similar to1.2degreesC) and heart rate (similar to60 beats/min) (P < 0.05). The four IRC regimens all provided a similar reduction in exercise heat strain and were 164-215% more efficient than CC because of greater heat flux over a smaller BSA. These findings indicate that the IRC approach to MCC is a more efficient means of cooling when compared with CC paradigms and can improve MCC capacity by reducing power requirements. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cheuvront, SN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 25 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 94 IS 5 BP 1841 EP 1848 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00912.2002 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 663BB UT WOS:000181984200021 PM 12679347 ER PT J AU Cowan, FM Broomfield, CA Lenz, DE Smith, WJ AF Cowan, FM Broomfield, CA Lenz, DE Smith, WJ TI Putative role of proteolysis and inflammatory response in the toxicity of nerve and blister chemical warfare agents: Implications for multi-threat medical countermeasures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE organophosphorus; soman toxicity; sulfur mustard toxicity; protease; protease inhibitor; protease activated receptor; adenosine receptor; NMDA receptor; platelet activating factor; inflammation ID PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; CULTURED HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; D-ASPARTATE RECEPTORS; SULFUR MUSTARD; MAST-CELLS; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS; ADENOSINE RECEPTORS; HUMAN KERATINOCYTES AB Despite the contrasts in chemistry and toxicity, for blister and nerve chemical warfare agents there may be some analogous proteolytic and inflammatory mediators and pathological pathways that can be pharmacological targets for a single-drug multi-threat medical countermeasure. The dermal-epidermal separation caused by proteases and bullous diseases compared with that observed following exposure to the blister agent sulfur mustard (2,2'-dichlorodiethyl sulfide) has fostered the hypothesis that sulfur mustard vesication involves proteolysis and inflammation. In conjunction with the paramount toxicological event of cholinergic crisis that causes acute toxicity and precipitates neuronal degeneration, both anaphylactoid reactions and pathological proteolytic activity have been reported in nerve-agent-intoxicated animals. Two classes of drugs already have demonstrated multi-threat activity for both nerve and blister agents. Serine protease inhibitors can prolong the survival of animals intoxicated with the nerve agent soman and can also protect against vesication caused by the blister agent sulfur mustard. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors can reduce both soman-induced neuronal degeneration and sulfur-mustard-induced epidermal necrosis. Protease and PARP inhibitors, like many of the other countermeasures for blister and nerve agents, have potent primary or secondary anti-inflammatory pharmacology. Accordingly, we hypothesize that drugs with anti-inflammatory actions against either nerve or blister agent might also display multi-threat efficacy for the inflammatory pathogenesis of both classes of chemical warfare agent. Published in 2003 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Cowan, FM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 104 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 23 IS 3 BP 177 EP 186 DI 10.1002/jat.901 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 685UJ UT WOS:000183281400003 PM 12794939 ER PT J AU Barillo, DJ McManus, AT Cancio, LC Sofer, A Goodwin, CW AF Barillo, DJ McManus, AT Cancio, LC Sofer, A Goodwin, CW TI Burn center management of necrotizing fasciitis SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 31st Annual Meeting of the American-Burn-Association CY MAR 23-27, 1999 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Burn Assoc ID SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; COMPLICATIONS; VARICELLA; DIAGNOSIS; BIOPSY AB Necrotizing fasciitis is a rapidly progressive soft-tissue infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Necrotizing fasciitis is similar to invasive burn wound infection in that diagnosis requires histologic examination of affected tissue and treatment requires aggressive surgical debridement followed by skin autograft. Transfer to a burn center facilitates the management of necrotizing fasciitis, where requisite surgical and nursing expertise is available. We reviewed the experience of one burn center in the management of necrotizing fasciitis over a 5-year period. Ten patients were transferred to the burn center from other medical facilities for care, arriving a mean of 8.9 days after initial hospital admission. The diagnosis was made by a surgical service or consultation before transfer in all cases; initial admission to a medical rather than a surgical service delayed surgery in five cases. All patients had surgical debridement before transfer but required a mean of 5.1 additional operations at the burn center. Although the mean extent of involvement was 14.8% body surface area, the mean length of burn center stay was 34.9 days. Complications were frequent, including pulmonary failure requiring mechanical ventilation (n = 6), renal insufficiency or failure (n = 5), hypotension requiring pressers (n = 4), deep venous: thrombosis (n = 3), and pulmonary emboli (n = 1). Overall mortality was 2 of 10 patients (20%). Both fatalities were associated with delay in initial surgical procedure and in transfer to the burn center. The similarity of necrotizing fasciitis and invasive burn wound infection makes the burn center the ideal setting for the treatment of this disease. We advocate the addition of necrotizing fasciitis to the list of conditions currently recognized by the American Burn Association as appropriate for burn center transfer and care. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Plast Surg, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Adult Burn Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Barillo, DJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0273-8481 J9 J BURN CARE REHABIL JI J. Burn Care Rehabil. PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1097/01.BCR.0000066790.57127.61 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery GA 677VU UT WOS:000182829900002 PM 12792231 ER PT J AU Ding, MS AF Ding, MS TI Electrolytic conductivity and glass transition temperature as functions of salt content, solvent composition, or temperature for LiPF6 in propylene carbonate plus diethyl carbonate SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DENSITY BATTERIES; ETHYL METHYL CARBONATE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; BINARY CARBONATES; PHASE-DIAGRAMS; ORGANIC ELECTROLYTES; IONIC ASSOCIATION; DIMETHOXYETHANE; VISCOSITY; CONDUCTANCE AB The electrolyte system of LiPF6 in propylene carbonate (PC) + diethyl carbonate (DEC) was measured for its electrolytic conductivity K at salt molalities in, solvent compositions w, and temperatures 0 in the ranges of (0.2, 2.4) mol kg(-1), (0, 0.7) mass fraction of DEC, and (-80, 60) degreesC, respectively, and for its glass transition temperatures T-g in the same ranges of in and w. The measured k-(m, w) data at different 0 were further fitted with an extended version of the Casteel-Amis equation in order to observe the change of K with simultaneous changes of in and w and with theta. The K surfaces according to these fitted equations all assumed a "dome" shape as a result of K peaking in both in and w. Furthermore, as theta lowered, these domes fell in height and shifted in the direction of low in and high w, the direction of lower viscosity eta. The Tg was found to rise with in and fall with w, indicating a concurrent change in the 71 of the solution. The measured K-T data were fitted with the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation for an evaluation of the vanishing mobility temperature T-0 and the apparent activation energy E, for the electrolytes, both shown to form simple surfaces in the mw-coordinates slanting up in the direction of higher eta. Furthermore, when compared to the surface of T-g that of T-0 was oriented similarly but lower in value by more than 10 K. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ding, MS (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 48 IS 3 BP 519 EP 528 DI 10.1021/je020219o PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 676RG UT WOS:000182765600014 ER PT J AU Rizza, RA Vigersky, RA Rodbard, HW Ladenson, PW Young, WF Surks, MI Kahn, R Hogan, PF AF Rizza, RA Vigersky, RA Rodbard, HW Ladenson, PW Young, WF Surks, MI Kahn, R Hogan, PF TI A model to determine workforce needs for endocrinologists in the United States until 2020 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID US PHYSICIAN WORKFORCE; PREVALENCE AB The objective of this study was to define the workforce needs for the specialty of endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism in the United States between 1999 and 2020. An interactive model of factors likely to influence the balance between the supply and demand of endocrinologists during the next 20 yr was constructed. The model used data from a wide range of sources and was developed under the guidance of a panel of experts derived from sponsoring organizations of endocrinologists. We determined current and projected numbers and demographics of endocrinologists in the United States workforce and the anticipated balance between supply and demand from 1999 to 2020. There were 3,623 adult endocrinologists in the workforce in 1999, of which 2,389 (66%) were in office-based practice. Their median age was 49 yr. Both total office visits and services performed by endocrinologists ( particularly for diabetes) increased substantially during the 1990s. Waiting time for an initial appointment is presently longer for endocrinologists than for other physicians. Compared with a balanced, largely closed-staff health maintenance organization, the current national supply of endocrinologists is estimated to be 12% lower than demand. The number of endocrinologists entering the market has continuously fallen over the previous 5 yr, from 200 in 1995 to 171 in 1999. Even if this downward trend were abruptly stopped, the model predicts that demand will exceed supply from now until 2020. Whereas this gap narrows from 2000 to 2008 due to projected growth of managed care, it widens thereafter due to the aging of both the population and the endocrine workforce. Inclusion of other factors such as projected real income growth and increased prevalence of age-related endocrine disorders ( e. g. diabetes and osteoporosis) further accentuates the deficit. If the number of endocrinologists entering the workforce remains at 1999 levels, demand will continue to exceed supply from now through 2020 for adult endocrinologists, and the gap will widen progressively from 2010 onward. The present analysis indicates that the number of endocrinologists entering the workforce will not be sufficient to meet future demand. These data suggest that steps should be taken to stop the ongoing decline in the number of endocrinologists in training and consideration should be given to actions designed to increase the number of endocrinologists in practice in the years ahead. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrinol Serv 7D, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Endocrinol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Metab, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Nutr, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Internal Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Amer Assoc Clin Endocrinologists, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Amer Diabet Assoc, Alexandria, VA 22311 USA. Lewin Grp, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. RP Vigersky, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrinol Serv 7D, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Robert.Vigersky@na.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 88 IS 5 BP 1979 EP 1987 DI 10.1210/jc.2002-021288 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 673TD UT WOS:000182595500007 PM 12727941 ER PT J AU O'Connell, RJ Merritt, TM Malia, JA VanCott, TC Dolan, MJ Zahwa, H Bradley, WP Branson, BM Michael, NL De Witt, CC AF O'Connell, RJ Merritt, TM Malia, JA VanCott, TC Dolan, MJ Zahwa, H Bradley, WP Branson, BM Michael, NL De Witt, CC TI Performance of the OraQuick rapid antibody test for diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in patients with various levels of exposure to highly active antiretroviral therapy SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIV; CLINICS AB With oral mucosal transudate and serum samples from 101 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected subjects and 100 HIV-1-negative volunteers, the OraQuick HIV-1 test demonstrated 100% specificity and 96% sensitivity. Four false-negative subjects, who were characterized by early initiation of effective antiretroviral therapy, demonstrated waning serum anti-gp41 titers and Western blot band intensities. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP O'Connell, RJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, 59MDW-MMII,2200 Bergquist Dr,Ste 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 12 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 41 IS 5 BP 2153 EP 2155 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.5.2153-2155.2003 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 679QY UT WOS:000182934500056 PM 12734265 ER PT J AU Campbell, WW Landau, ME AF Campbell, WW Landau, ME TI The difference between fibrillations and positive sharp waves is due to tissue filtering SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electromyography; needle examination; fibrillation potential; positive sharp wave; electrodiagnostic medicine ID POTENTIALS; MUSCLE AB Fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves share many characteristics, and in general have the same clinical importance. Whether they are two species of the same potential or two different waveforms has been a long-standing controversy. The blocking hypothesis and inadvertent intracellular recording are two theories proposed to explain the difference between the two potentials, but neither is entirely satisfactory. In this study, waveforms with fibrillation potential configurations are modified by the standard filter settings on an electromyograph to attain positive sharp wave configurations. Single-fiber muscle action potentials were recorded at a low-frequency filter of 500 Hz and a high-frequency filter of 20 kHz, and had the appearance of a fibrillation potential. Changing the low-frequency filter and high-frequency filter to 0.2 Hz and 100 Hz respectively caused these same potentials to have a positive sharp wave configuration. Similarly, fibrillation potentials recorded from patients at a low-frequency filter and a high-frequency filter of 20 Hz and 10 kHz respectively had the appearance of positive sharp waves when the low-frequency filter and high-frequency filter were changed to 0.2 Hz and 500 Hz respectively. The authors propose that tissue filtering and the spatial relationship of the fibrillating fiber to the recording electrode determine whether the waveform will have a fibrillation potential configuration or a positive sharp wave configuration. The ability to model these waveforms artificially simply by changing the bandpass suggests that the passive electrical properties of the recording environment may suffice to explain much of the difference between fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Landau, ME (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0736-0258 J9 J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Clin. Neurophysiol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 20 IS 3 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1097/00004691-200305000-00006 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 708ER UT WOS:000184554600006 PM 12881667 ER PT J AU Weiss, RB Woolf, SH Demakos, E Holland, JF Berry, DA Falkson, G Cirrincione, CT Robbins, A Bothun, S Henderson, IC Norton, L AF Weiss, RB Woolf, SH Demakos, E Holland, JF Berry, DA Falkson, G Cirrincione, CT Robbins, A Bothun, S Henderson, IC Norton, L TI Natural history of more than 20 years of node-positive primary breast carcinoma treated with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy: A study by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STAGE-I T1N0M0; FOLLOW-UP; SURVIVAL; TRIAL AB Purpose : Breast cancer heterogeneity dictates lengthy follow-up to assess outcomes. Efficacy differences for three regimens that are based on adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) are presented in this article, but cancer recurrence sites, time of relapse, subsequent primary cancers, and causes of death in the natural history of node-positive breast cancer are emphasized. Patients and Methods: Beginning in 1975, 905 patients with node-positive cancer were randomly assigned to receive CMF or two regimens of CMF plus other agents. Median follow-up is 22.6 years. The natural-history analysis was performed on a subset of 814 patients. Results : Eighty percent of the 599 women known to have died, died of metastatic breast cancer. Only 8.5% of the deceased women died of a cause other than breast cancer, a second or third cancer, or adjuvant chemotherapy toxicity. One hundred five women (12.8%) developed other primary cancers, with 49 (46.6%) occurring in the contralateral breast. Therapeutic efficacy differences of the CMF regimens reported earlier have been maintained more than 20 years later. For certain subsets, the five-drug regimen had advantages over CMF. Bone was the most common recurrence site. The longest interval to relapse has been 23.5 years, and 18% of those who relapsed did so more than 10 years later. Conclusion: Despite adjuvant chemotherapy, a large majority (80%) of women with node-positive breast cancer die of the disease, and many recurrences develop more than 10 years later. CMF plus vincristine and prednisone provides a benefit compared with CMF, but the magnitude varies with the number of involved nodes. Outcome trends in earlier analyses of this study were maintained even years later. (C) 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Stat, Canc & Leukemia Grp B, Durham, NC USA. Duke Univ, Data Management Ctr, Canc & Leukemia Grp B, Durham, NC USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. W Virginia Univ, Med Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Pretoria, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Weiss, RB (reprint author), 15304 Narcissus Way, Rockville, MD 20853 USA. OI Norton, Larry/0000-0003-3701-9250 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 04457, CA 28562, CA 31946, CA 33601, CA 60138, CA 77597, CA 77651, CA26806] NR 22 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1825 EP 1835 DI 10.1200/JCO.2003.09.006 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 673MQ UT WOS:000182585100025 PM 12721260 ER PT J AU Malvar, LJ Cox, JV Cochran, KB AF Malvar, LJ Cox, JV Cochran, KB TI Bond between carbon fiber reinforced polymer bars and concrete. I: Experimental study SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES FOR CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article DE bonding; fiber reinforced polymers; composite materials; concrete; structural reinforcement; carbon; confinement; bars ID STEEL REINFORCEMENT; MODEL; BEHAVIOR AB The bond characteristics of four different types of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) rebars (or tendons) with different surface deformations embedded in lightweight concrete were analyzed experimentally. In a first series of tests, local bond stress-slip data, as well as bond stress-radial deformation data, needed for interface modeling of the bond mechanics, were obtained for varying levels of confining pressure. In addition to bond stress and slip, radial stress and radial deformation were considered fundamental variables needed to provide for configuration-independent relationships. Each test specimen consisted of a CFRP rebar embedded in a 76-nun-(3 in.)-diam, -102-mm-(4 in.)-long, precracked lightweight concrete cylinder subjected to a constant level of pressure on the outer surface. Only 76 mm (3 in.) of contact were allowed between the rebar and the concrete. For each rebar type, bond stress-slip. and bond stress-radial deformation relationships were obtained for four levels of confining axisymmetric radial pressure. It was found that small surface indentations were sufficient to yield bond strengths comparable to that of steel bars. It was also-shown that radial pressure is an important parameter that-can increase the bond strength almost threefold for the range studied. In a second series of tests, the rebars were pulled out from 152-mm-(6 in.)-diam, 610-mm-(24 in.)-long lightweight concrete specimens. These tests were conduced to provide preliminary data for development length assessment and model validation (Part II). C1 Naval Facil Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Malvar, LJ (reprint author), Naval Facil Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. NR 47 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 13 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0268 J9 J COMPOS CONSTR JI J. Compos. Constr. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 7 IS 2 BP 154 EP 163 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2003)7:2(154) PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 669BZ UT WOS:000182333200009 ER PT J AU Cox, JV Cochran, KB AF Cox, JV Cochran, KB TI Bond between carbon fiber reinforced polymer bars and concrete. II: Computational modeling SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES FOR CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article DE fiber reinforced polymers; concrete; bonding; bars; computation; models ID STEEL REINFORCEMENT; TENSILE AB Computational modeling of the behavior of concrete reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars requires models for the constitutive behavior of concrete and FRP and a model for their interaction, bond. This study focuses upon the application of an elastoplastic bond model to represent the behavior of the type A bar experimentally examined in Part I. By fully coupling the tangent and radial response, the model is sensitive to the stress state around the bar and can induce longitudinal cracking in the adjacent concrete. The model is calibrated and then applied to predict the splitting behavior of two types of specimens. Though the two specimens differ significantly, the estimated splitting loads fall within the experimental scatter. The model is then used to obtain preliminary design data for the needed cover thickness, development length, and transfer lengths. Computational models, when calibrated with limited experimental data, allow the behavior of several different specimens to be estimated. This approach is an effective means of obtaining preliminary design data and of planning further experimental verification. C1 USA, Impact Phys Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Civil Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Cox, JV (reprint author), USA, Impact Phys Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0268 J9 J COMPOS CONSTR JI J. Compos. Constr. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 7 IS 2 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2003)7:2(164) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Mechanics; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 669BZ UT WOS:000182333200010 ER PT J AU Chen, YP Brill, G Dhar, NK AF Chen, YP Brill, G Dhar, NK TI MBE growth of CdSeTe/Si composite substrate for long-wavelength IR HgCdTe applications SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE molecular beam epitaxy; CdSeTe; HgCdTe; Si; long-wave infrared materials ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; CDTE; DETECTORS; ZNTE AB For the first time, the ternary alloy CdSexTe1-x(2 1 1) has been grown on Si(2 1 1) substrates using molecular beam epitaxy. The growth of CdSeTe was facilitated using a compound CdTe effusion source and a Se effusion source. The alloy composition (x) of CdSexTe1-x ternary compound was controlled through the Se/CdTe flux ratio. Our results indicate that the quality of CdSeTe decreases as the alloy composition increases, which was possibly due to an alloy disordering effect. A similar trend was observed for the ternary alloy system CdZnTe. However, the alloy disordering effect in CdSeTe is less severe than that in CdZnTe. We have carried out the growth of CdSeTe on Si at different temperatures. Based on our results, we found that the rate of Se incorporation is higher than the rate of Te incorporation as growth temperature increases. As-grown CdSeTe with 4% Se, which is lattice matched to long-wavelength infrared HgCdTe material, exhibits excellent surface morphology, low surface defect density (less than 500 cm(-2)) and low X-ray (full-width at half maximum) of 103 arcsec. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 14 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD MAY PY 2003 VL 252 IS 1-3 BP 270 EP 274 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(03)00880-7 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 665WZ UT WOS:000182145400042 ER PT J AU Zavada, JM Wilson, RG Hommerich, U Thaik, M Seo, JT Ellis, CJ Lin, JY Jiang, HX AF Zavada, JM Wilson, RG Hommerich, U Thaik, M Seo, JT Ellis, CJ Lin, JY Jiang, HX TI Crystal,Compositional changes in erbium-implanted GaN films due to annealing SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE GaN; erbium; implantation; annealing; photoluminescence; SIMS ID GALLIUM NITRIDE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; LUMINESCENCE AB We have conducted a study of the material and infrared-luminescence properties of Er-implanted GaN thin films as a function of annealing. The GaN films, grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition, were coimplanted with Er and 0 ions. After implantation, the films were furnace annealed at temperatures up to 1,100degreesC. Following each annealing stage, the samples were examined by photoluminescence (PL) measurements and secondary ion-mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis. In the as-implanted samples, no PL signal near 1,540 nm could be detected with either above-bandgap or below-bandgap excitation. Only after annealing at temperatures above 900degreesC was the 1,540-nm luminescence detectable. Annealing at higher temperatures resulted first in an increase and then a decrease in the PL-signal intensities. The SIMS data showed that large concentrations of Al, O, and C atoms entered into the GaN films with high-temperature annealing. The stoichiometric changes in the GaN appear responsible for the changes in the Er-related luminescence. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Hampton Univ, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Zavada, JM (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 32 IS 5 BP 382 EP 387 DI 10.1007/s11664-003-0162-7 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 676UE UT WOS:000182770100017 ER PT J AU Palazzo, AJ Cary, TJ Hardy, SE Lee, CR AF Palazzo, AJ Cary, TJ Hardy, SE Lee, CR TI Root growth and metal uptake in four grasses grown on zinc-contaminated soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SMELTER; VEGETATION; CADMIUM; COPPER AB Depth and area of rooting are important to long-term survival of plants on metal-contaminated, steep-slope soils. We evaluated shoot and root growth and metal uptake of four cool-season grasses grown on a high-Zn soil in a greenhouse. A mixture of biosolids, fly ash, and burnt lime was placed either directly over a Zn-contaminated soil or over a clean, fine-grained topsoil and then the Zn-contaminated soil; the control was the clean topsoil. The grasses were 'Reliant' hard fescue (Festuca brevipila R. Tracey), 'Oahe' intermediate wheatgrass [Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia], 'Ruebens' Canada bluegrass (Poa compressa L.), and 'K-31' tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Root growth in the clean soil and biosolids corresponded to the characteristic rooting ability of each species, while rooting into the Zn-contaminated soil was related to the species, tolerance to Zn. While wheatgrass and tall fescue had the strongest root growth in the surface layers (0-5 cm) of clean soil or biosolids, wheatgrass roots were at least two times more dense than those of the other grasses in the second layer (5-27 cm) of Zn-contaminated soil. When grown over Zn-contaminated soil in the second layer, hard fescue (with 422 mg/kg Zn) was the only species not to have phytotoxic levels of Zn in shoots; tall fescue had the highest Zn uptake (1553 mg/kg). Thus, the best long-term survivors in high-Zn soils should be wheatgrass, due to its ability to root deeply into Zn-contaminated soils, and hard fescue, with its ability to effectively exclude toxic Zn uptake. C1 USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Envirom Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Palazzo, AJ (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 32 IS 3 BP 834 EP 840 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 680UN UT WOS:000182997100010 PM 12809284 ER PT J AU Wang, YF Wig, TD Tang, J Hallberg, LM AF Wang, YF Wig, TD Tang, J Hallberg, LM TI Dielectric properties of foods relevant to RF and microwave pasteurization and sterilization SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE dielectric properties; penetration depth; radio frequency; microwave; pasteurization/sterilization ID AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AB A custom-built temperature-controlled test cell and an Agilent 4291B impedance analyzer were used to determine the dielectric properties of a whey protein gel, a liquid whey protein mixture, and a macaroni and cheese product and their constituents. Dielectric constants, loss factors, and penetration depths for each sample over a temperature range from 20 to 121.1 degreesC, at frequencies of 27, 40, 915, and 1800 MHz are reported. As temperature increased, dielectric constants of whey protein products increased at 27 and 40 MHz, but decreased at 915 and 1800 MHz. Dielectric loss factors of whey protein products increased sharply with increasing temperatures at 27 and 40 MHz, but increased mildly at 915 and 1800 MHz. Similar results were observed with macaroni and cheese. The penetration depths of electromagnetic energy at 27 and 40 MHz were about four times as great as those at the microwave frequencies 915 and 1800 MHz in all tested samples. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Soldier Syst Ctr, Combat Feeding Program,Adv Proc & Packaging Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Tang, J (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 213 LJ Smith Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jtang@mail.wsu.edu RI Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009 OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004 NR 21 TC 123 Z9 136 U1 14 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 EI 1873-5770 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 57 IS 3 BP 257 EP 268 AR PII S0260-8774(02)00306-0 DI 10.1016/S0260-8774(02)00306-0 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 641UG UT WOS:000180764800007 ER PT J AU Ye, X Ruan, R Chen, P Doona, C Taub, IA AF Ye, X Ruan, R Chen, P Doona, C Taub, IA TI MRI temperature mapping and determination of liquid-particulate heat transfer coefficient in an ohmically heated food system SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MRI; temperature mapping; PRF shift; ohmic heating; heat transfer coefficient ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; GENERATION; MIXTURES AB Real-time temperature maps of ohmically heated liquid-particulate mixtures were acquired using the Proton Resonance Frequency (PRF) shift method incorporated into a fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Noise in the MRI images induced by the electrical heating power wag eliminated by a post-processing algorithm of the PRF shift method and correction phase images. The time-dependent interface heat transfer coefficients (h(fp)) were determined during the holding period using the MRI temperature maps and numerical solutions to the Fourier's 2nd law. The calculated values of h(fp) range from 30 to 105 W/m(2).K, consistent with literature values for natural convection. These results provide crucial data for understanding the ohmic heating process. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. USA, Natick Res & Dev Labs, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Ruan, R (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. OI Ruan, Roger/0000-0001-8835-2649 NR 25 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 3 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1341 EP 1346 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb09648.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 682BN UT WOS:000183070600036 ER PT J AU Guan, D Gray, P Kang, DH Tang, J Shafer, B Ito, K Younce, F Yang, TCS AF Guan, D Gray, P Kang, DH Tang, J Shafer, B Ito, K Younce, F Yang, TCS TI Microbiological validation of Microwave-Circulated Water Combination heating technology by inoculated pack studies SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE microwave heating; sterilization; validation; Clostridium sporogenes ID FOODS AB A 915-MHz Microwave-Circulated Water Combination (MCWC) heating technology was validated for a macaroni and cheese product using inoculated pack studies. Before the tests, heat resistances of a Clostridium sporogene (PA 3679) spore crop were determined in neutral phosphate buffer and macaroni and cheese product. Trays of macaroni and cheese products were subjected to 3 processing levels: target process (F-0 = 2.4), under target process (F-0 = 1.2), and over target process (F-0 = 4.8). The inoculated packs were evaluated by count-reduction method and end-point method. The microbial results showed that microbial destruction resulting from MCWC heating technology matched the calculated degree of sterilization (F-0 value). This study suggests that the MCWC heating technology has potential in sterilizing packaged foods. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Natl Food Processors Assoc, Dublin, CA 94568 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Tang, J (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RI Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009 OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004 NR 19 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 7 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1428 EP 1432 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb09661.x PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 682BN UT WOS:000183070600049 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV Schutz, HG AF Cardello, AV Schutz, HG TI The importance of taste and other product factors to consumer interest in nutraceutical products: Civilian and military comparisons SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nutraceuticals; functional food; taste; consumer attitudes; conjoint ID CONJOINT-ANALYSIS; INFORMATION; FOOD AB A conjoint analytic study was conducted with military and civilian consumers to assess the importance of taste and other product characteristics to the intended use of nutraceutical products. Taste was found to be the most important factor for both consumer groups, followed by the benefit to be achieved, the source of the benefit claim, required dosage, mode of consumption, and product type (natural compared with synthetic). Interest among the military was greatest for products that increased muscle mass, whereas interest among civilians was greatest for products that improved thinking. For both groups, required frequency of consumption greater, than 3 times a day had a negative influence on probable use, whereas consumption in a capsule form was viewed most desirable. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 BP 1519 EP 1524 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb09677.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 682BN UT WOS:000183070600065 ER PT J AU Adams, BJ AF Adams, BJ TI Establishing personal identification based on specific patterns of missing, filled, and unrestored teeth SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic odontology; diversity; dental patterns; empirical comparison; human identification; personal identification; concordance; NHANES III; TSCOHS; OdontoSearch ID DENTAL IDENTIFICATION AB The primary goal of this research is to examine the overall utility of nonradiographic dental records for the establishment of individual identifications. It was found that even without radiographic lines of comparison, charts and notes that accurately detail a missing individual's antemortem dental condition can be essential for establishing an identification. Based on an analysis of two large datasets, individual dental patterns were determined to be generally unique, or at least very uncommon. Through this type of empirical comparison, it is possible to establish a strong, quantifiable association with a missing individual. The results of this research indicate that a definitive number of points of concordance do not need to be established in dental identification cases. Each case must be assessed individually. The critical factor is to remove subjective judgment calls from dental comparisons. This research has proposed a new method of empirical comparison that allows forensic odontologists to derive objective frequency information regarding the occurrence of specific dental patterns in the general population. The method is similar to that used for mtDNA casework, and a computer program (OdontoSearch) has been developed to make the technique accessible. It was found that even a small number of common dental characteristics may produce a very rare dental pattern, a point that may be counterintuitive to many forensic odontologists. C1 USA, CILHI, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RP Adams, BJ (reprint author), USA, CILHI, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester Ave, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 24 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 48 IS 3 BP 487 EP 496 PG 10 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 674CT UT WOS:000182619800001 PM 12762515 ER PT J AU Adams, BJ AF Adams, BJ TI The diversity of adult dental patterns in the united states and the implications for personal identification SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; diversity; dental patterns; forensic odontology; human identification; NHANES III; TSCOHS; mitochondrial DNA ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA AB Few would argue about the individuality of dental radiographs for forensic identification, but when an antemortem/postmortem comparison is based strictly on dental treatment notes and/or charts it becomes less certain. In the past, attempts to validate the high diversity of dental patterns created by combinations of missing, filled, and unrestored teeth have been based on unfounded statistical assumptions. The goal of this research is to present a statistically valid method of assessing dental pattern diversity for the identification of missing individuals. Empirical observation of large reference datasets was found to be the best technique for assessing dental diversity. This technique is nearly identical to the procedure used for mitochondrial DNA casework. For the research presented in this paper, two large datasets were used, one composed of U.S. military personnel and one composed of U.S. civilians. Dental patterns were found to be very diverse on a scale that is comparable to mtDNA. In addition, it was found that the diversity values remain very consistent regardless of the level of detail present in the treatment records. Overall, combinations of missing, filled, and unrestored teeth were found to be very individualistic and an excellent source for forensic identification. C1 USA, CILHI, Cent Identificat Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. RP Adams, BJ (reprint author), USA, CILHI, Cent Identificat Lab, 310 Worchester Ave, Hickam AFB, HI 96853 USA. NR 22 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 48 IS 3 BP 497 EP 503 PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 674CT UT WOS:000182619800002 PM 12762516 ER PT J AU Kelly, WF Sanghani, S Barnett, SD Burton, N Nathan, S AF Kelly, WF Sanghani, S Barnett, SD Burton, N Nathan, S TI Significance of early bronchoscopic airway abnormalities after lung transplantation SO JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY 2001 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Amer Coll Chest Phys ID OBLITERATIVE BRONCHIOLITIS; SURVEILLANCE BRONCHOSCOPY; RISK-FACTORS; RECIPIENTS; VALUES AB Abnormal bronchoscopic allograft airway appearance with erythema, friability and sloughing-presumed to be ischemic-has been described early after lung transplantation, but its association with post-operative spirometry or other outcomes is largely unknown. We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess the impact of such airway changes in all lung transplant recipients from January 1997 to July 2000. Twenty-four (59%) of 41 patients were classified as having ischemic-appearing airways. Timing and value of peak pulmonary function tests, mortality, incidence of infection, rejection, anastomotic stricture and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome were not significantly different when compared to patients with normal-appearing airways over a mean follow-up period of 761.2 +/- 412.4 days. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Inova Fairfax Hosp, Inova Transplant Ctr, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. Inova Fairfax Hosp, Inova Heart Ctr, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. RP Kelly, WF (reprint author), 5224 87th Ave,Court W, University Place, WA 98467 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1053-2498 J9 J HEART LUNG TRANSPL JI J. Heart Lung Transplant. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 22 IS 5 BP 583 EP 586 DI 10.1016/S1053-2498(02)00572-7 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery; Transplantation SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery; Transplantation GA 677KA UT WOS:000182805100013 PM 12742422 ER PT J AU Cermelli, C Berti, R Soldan, SS Mayne, M D'ambrosia, JM Ludwin, SK Jacobson, S AF Cermelli, C Berti, R Soldan, SS Mayne, M D'ambrosia, JM Ludwin, SK Jacobson, S TI High frequency of human herpesvirus 6 DNA in multiple sclerosis plaques isolated by laser microdissection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Human Herpesvirus 6, 7, and 8 CY MAY 10-12, 2001 CL PARIS, FRANCE ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; HHV-6 INFECTION; FEBRILE CONVULSIONS; BRAIN-TISSUE; VARIANT; VIRUS; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-6; ASSOCIATION; LESIONS AB The frequency of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) DNA was assessed in autopsy material from multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) from brains of persons with MS, healthy brains, and brains of persons with other neurologic diseases. Specific areas from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue samples were isolated by laser microscope. DNA was extracted from laser microdissected brain material, and HHV-6 genomic sequences were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed 44 NAWM samples and 64 MS plaques from 13 patients with MS, 46 samples from 13 patients with non-MS neurologic disorders, and 41 samples from 12 healthy control brains. Of the 44 NAWM samples, 7 (15.9%) were positive for HHV-6 DNA sequences, versus 37 (57.8%) of 64 MS plaques (P<.0005). HHV-6 DNA was detected in 10 (21.7%) of 46 samples from patients with non-MS neurologic disorders and in 11 ( 26.8%) of 41 samples from patients without known neurologic disease. Although the frequency of HHV-6 DNA did not differ significantly by sample type, HHV-6 DNA was significantly more common in MS plaques, suggesting that HHV-6 may play a role in MS pathogenesis. C1 NINDS, Neuroimmunol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NINDS, Biostat Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Silver Spring, MD USA. George Washington Univ, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Genet, Washington, DC USA. Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Hyg Microbiol & Biostat, Modena, Italy. Univ Manitoba, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Queens Univ, Dept Pathol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Jacobson, S (reprint author), NINDS, Neuroimmunol Branch, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike,Bldg 10,Room 5B-16, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Cermelli, Claudio/L-1501-2016 OI Cermelli, Claudio/0000-0003-3396-0000 NR 38 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 187 IS 9 BP 1377 EP 1387 DI 10.1086/368166 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 668CX UT WOS:000182273700004 PM 12717618 ER PT J AU Klun, JA Khrimian, A Margaryan, K Kramer, M Debboun, M AF Klun, JA Khrimian, A Margaryan, K Kramer, M Debboun, M TI Synthesis and repellent efficacy of a new chiral piperidine analog: Comparison with Deet and Bayrepel activity in human-volunteer laboratory assays against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE (1S, 2 ' S)-2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexen-1-carboxamide; 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperidinecarboxylic; acid I-methylpropyl ester; N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide; Aedes aegypti; Anopheles stephensi ID FIELD-EVALUATION; INSECT REPELLENT; ARTHROPOD REPELLENTS; TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT; DIPTERA; CULICIDAE; AI3-37220; RESOLUTION; SIMULIIDAE; MOSQUITOS AB Optically active (1S, 2'S)-2-methylpiperidinyl-3-cyclohexen-1-carboxamide (SS220) is a new synthetic arthropod repellent. A three-step synthesis based on a chiral Diels-Alder reaction and diastereomeric resolution of 2-methylpiperidine was developed to prepare the compound. Quantitative laboratory assays using human volunteers compared the effectiveness of SS220 with the commonly used repellents Deet and Bayrepel against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Anopheles stephensi Liston mosquitoes. In two experiments using Aedes aegypti, one using a single identical dose and one with varying doses used to develop a dose-response curve, SS220 was as effective as Deet and both compounds were more effective than Bayrepel. The three compounds were equally effective against An. stephensi. Based on the ease of its synthetic preparation and its repellent efficacy, we surmise that SS220 is a candidate to serve as a new and effective alternate repellent for protection against arthropod disease vectors. C1 USDA ARS, PSI, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA ARS, BA, Biomat Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Klun, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, PSI, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 33 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 293 EP 299 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-40.3.293 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 681CJ UT WOS:000183019100008 PM 12943107 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Navarro, R Romero, G Estrada-Franco, JG AF Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Navarro, R Romero, G Estrada-Franco, JG TI Vector competence of Mexican and Honduran mosquitoes (Diptera : culicidae) for enzootic (IE) and epizootic (IC) strains of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus; Culex pseudes; Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus; transmission; Honduras; Mexico ID CULEX MELANOCONION TAENIOPUS; VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; AMERICA; DISAPPEARANCE; GUATEMALA; PIPIENS AB Experimental studies evaluated the vector competence of Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann), Culex cancer Theobald, Culex pseudes (Dyar and Knab), Culex taeniopus Dyar and Knab, and a Culex (Culex) species, probably Culex quinquefasciatus Say, and Culex nigripalpus Theobald from Chiapas, Mexico, and Tocoa, Honduras, for epizootic (IC) and enzootic (IE) strains of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus. Culex pseudes was highly susceptible to infection with both the IC and IE strains of VEE (infection rates >78%). Patterns of susceptibility to VEE were similar for Oc. taeniorhynchus collected in Mexico and Honduras. Although Oc. taeniorhynchus was highly susceptible to the epizootic IC strains (infection rates greater than or equal to95%, n = 190), this species was less susceptible to the enzootic IE strain (infection rates less than or equal to35%, n = 233). The Culex (Culex) species were refractory to both subtypes of VEE, and none of 166 contained evidence of a disseminated infection. Virus-exposed Cx. pseudes that refed on susceptible hamsters readily transmitted virus, confirming that this species was an efficient vector of VEE. Although Oc. taeniorhynchus that fed on hamsters infected with the epizootic IC strain transmitted VEE efficiently, only one of six of those with a disseminated infection with the enzootic IE virus that fed on hamsters transmitted virus by bite. These data indicate that Cx. pseudes is an efficient laboratory vector of both epizootic and enzootic strains of VEE and that Oc. taeniorhynchus could be an important vector of epizootic subtypes of VEE. C1 Agr Minist, Anim Hlth Div, Chiapas, Mexico. Honduras Minist Hlth, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Univ Maryland, Ctr Agr Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 306 EP 310 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-40.3.306 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 681CJ UT WOS:000183019100010 PM 12943109 ER PT J AU Warnick, RE Longmore, LM Paul, CA Bode, LA AF Warnick, RE Longmore, LM Paul, CA Bode, LA TI Postoperative management of patients after stereotactic biopsy: results of a survey of the AANS/CNS Section on Tumors and a single institution study SO JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE complications; computed tomography; postoperative care; stereotactic biopsy ID BRAIN BIOPSY; MASS LESIONS; EXPERIENCE; HEMORRHAGE AB As little consensus exists on the postoperative care of patients undergoing stereotactic biopsy, we sought to establish a new algorithm for their postoperative management. First, we surveyed active members of the AANS/CNS Section on Tumors to determine national practice patterns for patients after stereotactic biopsy. Second, we retrospectively reviewed 84 consecutive stereotactic biopsy procedures at our institution to assess the potential benefit of routine computed tomography (CT) scanning and intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring. Finally, we prospectively applied this new algorithm in 54 patients to assess its validity. Of 629 surgeons, 263 (42%) responded; they were experienced neurosurgeons (mean 15 years in practice) who performed more than 10 stereotactic biopsies per year. Most surgeons (59%) routinely ordered postoperative CT scans, and the remainder ordered scans based on specific indications. Patients were transferred from the recovery room to a special care unit (47%), regular room (47%), or home (6%). In our retrospective review, 81 patients underwent 84 stereotactic biopsy procedures; 79 underwent postoperative CT scanning and all 81 were monitored overnight in the ICU. Among five (6%) patients who experienced intraoperative hemorrhage, two (2%) underwent craniotomy to control arterial bleeding. Three (4%) patients developed new neurological deficits, which occurred within 2 h of surgery. In both groups, CT scans were helpful in excluding hemorrhage that would require re-operation. In the remaining patients (90%), findings on routine postoperative CT did not alter patient management and ICU monitoring appeared unnecessary because neurological complications occurred within 2 h postoperatively. We confirmed these results in the prospective study of 54 patients undergoing stereotactic biopsy without routine postoperative CT scanning or ICU monitoring. In contrast with national practice patterns reported, we recommend that CT scanning and ICU monitoring be reserved for patients who have intraoperative hemorrhage or new deficits after surgery. All other patients can be monitored for 2 h in the recovery room and transferred to a regular hospital room without a postoperative CT scan. C1 Univ Cincinnati & Mayfield Clin, Inst Neurosci, Cincinnati, OH USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Inst Neurosci, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Warnick, RE (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Neurosurg, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-594X J9 J NEURO-ONCOL JI J. Neuro-Oncol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 62 IS 3 BP 289 EP 296 DI 10.1023/A:1023315206736 PG 8 WC Oncology; Clinical Neurology SC Oncology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 668QF UT WOS:000182304100009 PM 12777081 ER PT J AU Quarless, SA Wahl, RL AF Quarless, SA Wahl, RL TI The effect of chemotherapy agents on the expression of mRNA for glucose transporter-1 and hexokinase type-II: An in vitro evaluation. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 50th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Nuclear-Medicine CY JUN 21-25, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Nucl Med C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5 SU S MA 259 BP 80P EP 80P PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 676AK UT WOS:000182729600260 ER PT J AU Bridwell, RS Montilla, J AF Bridwell, RS Montilla, J TI Sequential spect Tc-99m depreotide: Can we improve specificity? SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 50th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Nuclear-Medicine CY JUN 21-25, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Nucl Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5 SU S MA 1361 BP 383P EP 383P PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 676AK UT WOS:000182729601278 ER PT J AU Montilla, JL Bridwell, RS AF Montilla, JL Bridwell, RS TI Benign or malignant? Breast cancer detection using a novel polypeptide: Tc99m-depreotide. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 50th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Nuclear-Medicine CY JUN 21-25, 2003 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Soc Nucl Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 44 IS 5 SU S MA 1427 BP 400P EP 400P PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 676AK UT WOS:000182729601344 ER PT J AU Calhoun, BC Napolitano, P Terry, M Bussey, C Hoeldtke, NJ AF Calhoun, BC Napolitano, P Terry, M Bussey, C Hoeldtke, NJ TI Comprehensive care for the family of the fetus with a lethal condition SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE perinatal care; hospice care; fetal death AB OBJECTIVE: To describe our experience in providing a program of structured interdisciplinary care for the families of fetuses prenatally diagnosed with a lethal congenital anomaly. STUDY DESIGN: We developed a comprehensive "perinatal hospice" program for the supportive care of families with fetuses known to have a lethal condition. Upon prenatal diagnosis of a lethal fetal condition, parents were presented with the option of elective pregnancy termination versus a multi-disciplinary program of ongoing supportive care until the time of spontaneous labor or until delivery was required for obstetric indications. We evaluated patient use of this new service and the natural history of pregnancies managed in this fashion. RESULTS: The population consisted of 33 patients carrying a fetus with a clearly delineated lethal anomaly. Twenty-eight (85%) chose to participate in the perinatal hospice program. Of these, 11/28 (39%) had an intrauterine fetal death and 17/28 (61%) delivered a live-born infant. Among the live-born infants were 12 vaginal deliveries, 4 preterm and 8 at term. Obstetric indications or maternal request resulted in cesarean delivery for 5/28 (18%), 4 preterm and 1 at term, all live born. All live-born infants died within 20 minutes to 2 months. There were no maternal complications. CONCLUSION: The availability of a structured program providing ongoing, comprehensive, multidisciplinary, supportive perinatal care offers a tangible and safe alternative to early elective pregnancy termination for patients carrying a fetus with a lethal congenital condition. C1 USAF, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. USAF, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Calhoun, BC (reprint author), USAF, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. NR 10 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 48 IS 5 BP 343 EP 348 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 683VE UT WOS:000183170500008 PM 12815907 ER PT J AU Garg, DP Anderson, GL AF Garg, DP Anderson, GL TI Structural vibration suppression via active/passive techniques SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Letter ID LAYER DAMPING TREATMENTS; CONSTRAINED LAYER; EDGE ELEMENTS C1 Duke Univ, Mech Engn & Mat Sci Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. US Army Res Off, Struct & Mech Branch, Mech & Environm Sci Div, Engn Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Garg, DP (reprint author), Duke Univ, Mech Engn & Mat Sci Dept, Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 262 IS 3 BP 739 EP 751 DI 10.1016/S0022-460X(03)00121-4 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 672WL UT WOS:000182546000019 ER PT J AU Moten, M AF Moten, M TI A Prussian observes the American Civil War: The military studies of Justus Scheibert SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Moten, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 69 IS 2 BP 445 EP 446 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 675GE UT WOS:000182684900040 ER PT J AU DeSpirito, J Vaughn, ME Washington, WD AF DeSpirito, J Vaughn, ME Washington, WD TI Numerical investigation of canard-controlled missile with planar and grid fins SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the Atmospheric Flight Mechanics CY AUG, 2002 CL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA AB Viscous computational fluid dynamic simulations were used to predict the aerodynamic coefficients and flowfield around a generic canard-controlled missile configuration in supersonic flow. Computations were performed at Mach 1.5 and 3.0, six angles of attack between 0 and 10 deg, with 0- and 10-deg canard deflection, and with planar and grid tail fins, for a total of 48 cases. Validation of the computed results was demonstrated by the very good agreement between the computed aerodynamic coefficients and those obtained from wind-tunnel measurements. Visualizations of the flowfield showed that the downwash off of,the canards produced a low-pressure region on the starboard side of the missile that, in turn, produced an adverse side force. The pressure differential on the leeward fin produced by the interaction with the canard trailing vortices is primarily responsible for the adverse roll effect observed when planar fins are used. Grid tail fins improved the roll effectiveness of the canards at low supersonic speed. Flow visualizations from the simulations performed in this study help in the understanding of the flow physics and can lead to improved canard and tail fin designs for missiles and rockets. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aerodynam Technol Dept, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP DeSpirito, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 40 IS 3 BP 363 EP 370 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 687FN UT WOS:000183365800007 ER PT J AU Whisenant, MJ Panton, LB East, WB Broeder, CE AF Whisenant, MJ Panton, LB East, WB Broeder, CE TI Validation of submaximal prediction equations for the 1 repetition maximum bench press test on a group of collegiate football players SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MUSCULAR ENDURANCE REPETITIONS; STRENGTH; PERFORMANCE; SQUAT AB The purpose of the study was to determine the accuracy of 11 prediction equations in estimating the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press from repetitions completed by collegiate football players (N = 69) using 225 lb. The demographic variables race, age, height, weight, fat-free weight, and percent body fat were measured to determine whether these variables increased the accuracy of the prediction equations; race was the most frequently selected variable in the regression analyses. The validity of the prediction equations was dependent upon the number of repetitions performed, i.e., validity was higher when fewer repetitions were completed. Explained variability of 1RM was slightly higher for all 11 equations when demographic variables were included. A new prediction equation was also developed using the number of repetitions performed and the demographic variables height and fat-free weight. C1 Florida State Univ, Dept Nutr Food & Exercise Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys Educ, W Point, NY 10996 USA. E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Phys Educ Exercise & Sport Sci, Johnson City, TN 37601 USA. RP Whisenant, MJ (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Nutr Food & Exercise Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. NR 21 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2 BP 221 EP 227 PG 7 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 685TY UT WOS:000183280400002 PM 12741856 ER PT J AU Albert, DG AF Albert, DG TI Observations of acoustic surface waves in outdoor sound propagation SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX IMPEDANCE; POROUS LAYER; PLANE; SNOW; GRATINGS; PULSES AB Acoustic surface waves have been detected propagating outdoors under natural conditions. Two critical experimental conditions were employed to ensure the conclusive detection of these waves. First, acoustic pulses rather than a continuous wave source allowed an examination of the waveform shape and avoided the masking of wave arrivals. Second, a snow cover provided favorable ground impedance conditions for surface waves to exist. The acoustic pulses were generated by blank pistol shots fired 1 m above the snow. The resultant waveforms were measured using a vertical array of six microphones located 60 in away from the source at heights between 0.1 and 4.75 m. A strong, low frequency "tail" following the initial arrival was recorded near the snow surface. This tail, and its exponential decay with height (z) above the surface (similar toe(-alphaz)), are diagnostic features of surface waves. The measured attenuation coefficient a was 0.28 m(-1). The identification of the surface wave is confirmed by comparing the measured waveforms with waveforms predicted by the theoretical evaluation of the explicit surface wave pole term using residue theory. (C) 2003 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Albert, DG (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 113 IS 5 BP 2495 EP 2500 DI 10.1121/1.1559191 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 676LA UT WOS:000182752500014 PM 12765369 ER PT J AU Collier, SL Wilson, DK AF Collier, SL Wilson, DK TI Performance bounds for passive sensor arrays operating in a turbulent medium: Plane-wave analysis SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; ANGLE ESTIMATION; FLUCTUATIONS; AZIMUTH AB The performance bounds of a passive acoustic array operating in a turbulent medium with fluctuations described by a von Karman spectrum are investigated. This treatment considers a single, monochromatic, plane-wave source at near-normal incidence. A line-of-sight propagation path is assumed. The primary interests are in calculating the Cramer-Rao lower bounds of the azimuthal and elevational angles of arrival and in observing how these bounds change with the introduction of additional unknowns, such as the propagation distance, turbulence parameters, and signal-to-noise ratio. In both two and three dimensions, it is found that for large values of the index-of-refraction variance, the Cramer-Rao lower bounds of the angles of arrival increase significantly at large values of the normalized propagation distance. For small values of the index-of-refraction variance and normalized propagation distance, the signal-to-noise ratio is found to be the limiting factor. In the two-dimensional treatment, it is found that the estimate of the angle of arrival will decouple from the estimates of the other parameters with the appropriate choice of array geometry. In three dimensions, again with an appropriate choice of array geometry, the estimates of the azimuth and elevation will decouple from the estimates of the other parameters, but due to the constraints of the model, will remain coupled to one another. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Collier, SL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 23 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 113 IS 5 BP 2704 EP 2718 DI 10.1121/1.1554691 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 676LA UT WOS:000182752500034 PM 12765389 ER PT J AU Ding, MS Jow, TR AF Ding, MS Jow, TR TI Conductivity and viscosity of PC-DEC and PC-EC solutions of LiPF6 SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PROPYLENE CARBONATE; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; ETHYLENE CARBONATE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; METHYL CARBONATE; DIMETHOXYETHANE; TEMPERATURE; DENSITY; SALTS AB Conductivity kappa and viscosity eta of propylene carbonate (PC)-diethyl carbonate (DEC) and PC-ethylene carbonate (EC) solutions of LiPF6 were experimentally determined, the former at salt molalities m from 0.2 to 2.4 mol kg(-1), solvent compositions w from 0 to 0.7 weight fraction of DEC and 0 to 0.6 weight fraction of EC, and temperatures theta from 60 to -80 degreesC, the latter indirectly and qualitatively through measuring the glass transition temperature T-g in the same ranges of m and w. The T-g increased with m, and decreased with w of DEC but increased with w of EC, indicating a concurrent change in the h of the solutions. The kappa of the PC-DEC solution of LiFP6 peaked in both m and w thus forming a dome in its 3D presentation in the mw coordinates, while that of the PC-EC solution peaked only in m resulting in an arch-shaped surface. As theta lowered, these kappa surfaces fell in height and shifted in the direction of low eta. These observations correlated well with the changes of dielectric constant epsilon and viscosity eta of the solutions with the same set of variables. More detailed study of the effects of DEC and EC on the kappa of PC solution of LiPF6 demonstrated the benefit of having a low-eta solvent component in an electrolyte for it to have a decent kappa at low theta and the independence on theta of ion association in these solutions in support of an earlier finding. The kappa-T data of the PC-DEC solution of LiPF6 were fit with the Vogel-Tamman-Fulcher equation for an evaluation of its apparent activation energy E-a and its vanishing mobility temperature T-0, the former shown to be a simple surface in the mw coordinates slanting up in the direction of high eta, and the latter another one slanting up in the same direction and lying beneath the surface of T-g by more than ten degrees. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ding, MS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 27 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 38 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 150 IS 5 BP A620 EP A628 DI 10.1149/1.1566019 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 666NW UT WOS:000182184200012 ER PT J AU Zhu, XY Carin, L Dogaru, T AF Zhu, XY Carin, L Dogaru, T TI Parallel implementation of the biorthogonal multiresolution time-domain method SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID SCATTERING; SCHEMES; MRTD; ALGORITHM; MODEL; DISPERSION; DIAKOPTICS; WAVELETS; SURFACE; FIELDS AB The three-dimensional biorthogonal multiresolution time-domain (Bi-MRTD) method is presented for both free-space and half-space scattering problems. The perfectly matched layer (PML) is used as an absorbing boundary condition. It has been shown that improved numerical-dispersion properties can be obtained with the use of smooth, compactly supported wavelet functions as the basis, whereas we employ the Cohen-Daubechies-Fouveau (CDF) biorthogonal wavelets. When a CDF-wavelet expansion is used, the spatial-sampling rate can be reduced considerably compared with that of the conventional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method,. implying that larger targets can be simulated without sacrificing accuracy. We implement the Bi-MRTD on a cluster of allocated-memory machines, using the message-passing interface (MPI), such that very large targets can be modeled. Numerical results are compared with analytical ones and with those obtained by use of the traditional FDTD method. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,RU, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhu, XY (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 20 IS 5 BP 844 EP 855 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.20.000844 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 698QT UT WOS:000184010800007 PM 12747432 ER PT J AU Ricklin, JC Davidson, FM AF Ricklin, JC Davidson, FM TI Atmospheric optical communication with a Gaussian Schell beam SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT ATMOSPHERE; PROBABILITY-DENSITY; LASER-COMMUNICATION; SCINTILLATION; IRRADIANCE; WAVE; FLUCTUATIONS; RECEIVER AB We consider a wireless optical communication link in which the laser source is a Gaussian Schell beam. The effects of atmospheric turbulence strength and degree of source spatial coherence on aperture averaging and average bit error rate are examined. To accomplish this, we have derived analytic expressions for the spatial covariance of irradiance fluctuations and log-intensity variance for a Gaussian beam of any degree of coherence in the weak fluctuation regime. When spatial coherence of the transmitted source beam is reduced, intensity fluctuations (scintillations) decrease, leading to a significant reduction in the bit error rate of the optical communication link. We have also identified an enhanced aperture-averaging effect that occurs in tightly focused coherent Gaussian beams and in collimated and slightly divergent partially coherent beams. The expressions derived provide a useful design tool for selecting the optimal transmitter beam size, receiver aperture size, beam spatial coherence, transmitter focusing, etc., for the anticipated atmospheric channel conditions. (C) 2003 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Ricklin, JC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RI Davidson, Frederic /A-3273-2010 NR 36 TC 107 Z9 121 U1 2 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 20 IS 5 BP 856 EP 866 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.20.000856 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 698QT UT WOS:000184010800008 PM 12747433 ER PT J AU Mileski, WJ Burkhart, D Hunt, JL Kagan, RJ Saffle, JR Herndon, DN Heimbach, DM Luterman, A Yurt, RW Goodwin, CW Hansborough, J AF Mileski, WJ Burkhart, D Hunt, JL Kagan, RJ Saffle, JR Herndon, DN Heimbach, DM Luterman, A Yurt, RW Goodwin, CW Hansborough, J TI Clinical effects of inhibiting leukocyte adhesion with monoclonal antibody to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (enlimomab) in the treatment of partial-thickness burn injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE leukocyte adherence; intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1); burns; laser Doppler ID ENDOTHELIAL ADHESION; ADHERENCE; ICAM-1 AB Background:. A randomized, prospective, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 11 clinical trial was performed to determine whether inhibition of leukocyte adherence by administration of monoclonal antibody directed against intercellular adhesion molecule-1 would improve burn wound healing. Methods: One hundred ten patients with burn injury ranging from 10% to 30% total body surface area were enrolled. Fifty-six patients received placebo (saline) and 54 patients received murine monoclonal antibody to the human inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 (enlimomab). Treatment was initiated within 6 hours of injury. Patients had three distinct partial-thickness wound sites assessed. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to stratify wounds on the day of injury. Wounds were assessed for healing status on day 21 postburn and categorized as healed, nonhealed, or grafted. Results: Patients treated with enlimomab had a significantly increased percentage of wounds that healed spontaneously in less than 21 days overall and when stratified by burn wound laser Doppler blood flow readings for those wounds at greatest risk for nonhealing. Conclusion: These results support the concept that leukocyte adherence is involved in the pathogenesis of burn wound necrosis and suggest a therapeutic mechanism for modulating the inflammatory response after the burn injury that may improve wound healing. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Surg, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. Shriners Burns Inst, Galveston, TX USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Utah, Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Cornell Univ, Med Ctr, New York Hosp, New York, NY 10021 USA. UCSD, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Mileski, WJ (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Surg, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2003 VL 54 IS 5 BP 950 EP 958 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000030626.84680.11 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 687BN UT WOS:000183356100026 PM 12777909 ER PT J AU Champion, HR Bellamy, RF Roberts, CP Leppaniemi, A AF Champion, HR Bellamy, RF Roberts, CP Leppaniemi, A TI A profile of combat injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE civilian; combat; database; exsanguination; hemorrhage; military ID STATES AB Traumatic combat injuries differ from those encountered in the civilian setting in terms of epidemiology, mechanism of wounding, pathophysiologic trajectory after injury, and outcome. Except for a few notable exceptions, data sources for combat injuries have historically been inadequate. Although the pathophysiologic process of dying is the same (i.e., dominated by exsanguination and central nervous system injury) in both the civilian and military arenas, combat trauma has unique considerations with regard to acute resuscitation, including (1) the high energy and high lethality of wounding agents; (2) multiple causes of wounding; (3) preponderance of penetrating injury; (4) persistence of threat in tactical settings; (5) austere, resource-constrained environment; and (5) delayed access to definitive care. Recognition of these differences can help bring focus to resuscitation research for combat settings and can serve to foster greater civilian-military collaboration in both basic and transitional research. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Former Army Staff Coll, Camberley, Surrey, England. Univ Helsinki, Dept Surg, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RP Champion, HR (reprint author), 954 Melvin Rd, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. NR 14 TC 277 Z9 290 U1 6 U2 28 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2003 VL 54 IS 5 SU S BP S13 EP S19 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000057151.02906.27 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 688RN UT WOS:000183449900005 PM 12768096 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Atkins, JL AF Dubick, MA Atkins, JL TI Small-volume fluid resuscitation for the far-forward combat environment: Current concepts SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fluid Resuscitation in Combat CY OCT 25-26, 2001 CL TORONTO, CANADA DE fluid resuscitation; permissive hypotension; hypotensive resuscitation; small volume; intraosseous ID UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; HYPERTONIC SALINE DEXTRAN; INTRAOSSEOUS INFUSION; HYPOTENSIVE RESUSCITATION; SPECIAL OPERATIONS; TRAUMA PATIENTS; SWINE MODEL; PIGS; CASUALTIES; DELIVERY AB Hemorrhage remains the primary cause of death on the battlefield in conventional warfare. With modern combat operations leading to the likelihood of significant time delays in air evacuation of casualties and long transport times, the immediate goals of the Army's Science and Technology Objectives in Resuscitation are to develop limited- or small-volume fluid resuscitation strategies, including permissive hypotension, for the treatment of severe hemorrhage to improve battlefield survival and prevent early and late deleterious sequelae. As an example, the U.S. Army has invested much effort in the evaluation of hypertonic saline dextran (HSD) as a plasma volume expander, at one tenth to one twelfth the volume of conventional crystalloids, in numerous animal models of hemorrhage. These studies have identified HSD as a potentially useful field resuscitation fluid. In addition, preliminary studies have used HSD under hypotensive resuscitation conditions, and it has been administered through intraosseous infusion devices for vascular access. This research suggests that many of the difficulties and concerns associated with fluid resuscitation for treating significant hemorrhage in the field can be overcome. For the military, such observations have important implications toward the development of optimal fluid resuscitation strategies under austere battlefield conditions for stabilization of the combat casualty. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley Chambers Ave, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 30 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2003 VL 54 IS 5 SU S BP S43 EP S45 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000064514.42470.3B PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 688RN UT WOS:000183449900011 PM 12768102 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB AF Holcomb, JB TI Fluid resuscitation in modern combat casualty care: Lessons learned from Somalia SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE fluid resuscitation; combat casualty; algorithm; Somalia ID UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; SPECIAL OPERATIONS; TRAUMA; WARFARE; VOLUME; INJURY AB The medical issues faced by military medics in the combat environment frequently represent a significant variation from their training and civilian experience. The differences between care delivered by military medics under fire and care rendered by civilian medics are profound. The lessons assimilated from extensive discussion and focused conferences form the basis for the proposed changes in combat prehospital care. These differences revolve around a lack of basic monitoring capability, significant logistical constraints, and prolonged evacuation times. The resuscitation algorithm presented in this article represents a consensus of military and civilian trauma experts. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 38 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2003 VL 54 IS 5 SU S BP S46 EP S51 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000051936.91915.A2 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 688RN UT WOS:000183449900012 PM 12768103 ER PT J AU Liu, LM Ward, JA Dubick, MA AF Liu, LM Ward, JA Dubick, MA TI Effects of crystalloid and colloid resuscitation on hemorrhage-induced vascular hyporesponsiveness to norepinephrine in the rat SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Combat Fluid Resuscitation 2001 Conference CY JUN 18-20, 2001 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND DE shock; hemorrhagic; hypovolemic; vascular reactivity; different vascular bed resuscitation; fluid; lactated Ringer's; hypertonic saline; hespan; hextend; rat ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGE; FLUID RESUSCITATION; HYDROXYETHYL STARCH; SPECIAL OPERATIONS; HYPERTONIC SALINE; TRAUMA-HEMORRHAGE; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; IN-VIVO AB Background: We have shown previously that hemorrhagic hypotension is associated with a progressive development of vascular hyporeactivity to norepinephrine (NE). The present study investigated whether select crystalloid or colloid resuscitation fluids would ameliorate this effect. Method: Anesthetized male rats were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 50 mm Hg for 60 minutes. Rats (n = 7 per group) were then resuscitated with lactated Ringer's (LR), 7.5% hypertonic saline (HS) for 1 hour followed by LR (HS-LR), Hespan, or Hextend to restore and maintain MAP to 70 mm Hg over 4 hours. Additional hemorrhaged groups were resuscitated with LR to the baseline MAP (LR-BL) or received no resuscitation. A sham hemorrhage group served as controls. The responses of MAP and the blood flow of the superior mesenteric, celiac, left renal, and left femoral arteries to NE (3 mug/kg administered intravenously) were measured at BL (prehemorrhage); at the end of the hypotensive period; and at 1, 2, and 4 hours after resuscitation. Results: Hemorrhagic hypotension significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the NE-induced pressor response in MAP and significantly reduced the contractile responses (reflected by the reduction of blood flow after NE administration) of the four arteries to NE. Hespan and Hextend infusion improved the NE response of MAP and the contractile responses of the observed arteries to NE significantly better than LR, HS-LR, or LR-BL. The colloids improved the vascular contractile responses to NE in the superior mesenteric and left femoral arteries and the pressor response of MAP to NE, to 80% to 90% of their basal response level compared with 40% to 60% with the crystalloid fluids (p < 0.05). LR-BL infusion resulted in hemodilution, with no added benefit to vascular responsiveness. Conclusion: These data suggest that hypotensive resuscitation to 70 mm Hg with colloids was better than crystalloids in improving vascular responsiveness to the pressor effects of NE and required smaller volumes. Normotensive resuscitation with LR was not better than hypotensive resuscitation. Not all vasculatures improved equally after fluid resuscitation. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 52 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2003 VL 54 IS 5 SU S BP S159 EP S168 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000054649.46525.A5 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 688RN UT WOS:000183449900029 PM 12768120 ER PT J AU Sondeen, JL Coppes, VG Holcomb, JB AF Sondeen, JL Coppes, VG Holcomb, JB TI Blood pressure at which rehleeding occurs after resuscitation in swine with aortic injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 59th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 16-18, 1999 CL BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE hemorrhage; uncontrolled hemorrhage; resuscitation; rebleeding; trauma; aorta; arterial injury; pig; porcine ID UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; FLUID RESUSCITATION; HYPOTENSIVE RESUSCITATION; MODEL; ARTERIAL; SURVIVAL AB Background: The appropriateness of vigorous fluid resuscitation to normal blood pressure following hemorrhage in uncontrolled bleeding has recently been questioned due to the possibility of dislodging clots and exacerbating hemorrhage. To develop a rational blood pressure target that maximizes the metabolic benefits of resuscitation without causing increased blood loss, it was first necessary to determine whether there is a reproducible mean arterial pressure (MAP) at which rebleeding occurs. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the rate and time of resuscitation after injury and the rebleeding MAP in an uncontrolled hemorrhage model. Methods: Sixty-two anesthetized pigs were instrumented with catheters and splenectomized, and suction tubes were placed in the lateral peritoneal recesses to continuously capture shed blood. With the abdomen open, an aortotomy was made in the infrarenal aorta. At either 5, 15, or 30 minutes after the end of the initial hemorrhage, resuscitation with warmed lactated Ringer's solution was begun at either 100 or 300 mL/min. The rebleeding MAP was determined at the moment blood appeared in the suction tubes. Results: The average pressure at the rebleeding point for all animals was MAP = 64 +/- 2, Systolic = 94 +/- 3, and Diastolic = 45 +/- 2 mm Hg. The pressure at which rebleeding occurred in this aortotomy model was not affected by either time of resuscitation (5-30 min), nor was the rebleeding pressure affected by the rate (100 vs. 300 mL/min) of resuscitation. Conclusions: There was a reproducible pressure at which rebleeding occurred in this model of uncontrolled hemorrhage. The optimal endpoint of resuscitation in patients without definitive hemorrhage control would then be below this rebleeding pressure. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RP Sondeen, JL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 29 TC 95 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2003 VL 54 IS 5 SU S BP S110 EP S117 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000047220.81795.3D PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 688RN UT WOS:000183449900021 PM 12768112 ER PT J AU Massengill, JC Sun, L Moul, JW Wu, HY McLeod, DG Amling, C Lance, R Foley, J Sexton, W Kusuda, L Chung, A Soderdahl, D Donahue, T AF Massengill, JC Sun, L Moul, JW Wu, HY McLeod, DG Amling, C Lance, R Foley, J Sexton, W Kusuda, L Chung, A Soderdahl, D Donahue, T TI Pretreatment total testosterone level predicts pathological stage in patients with localized prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE testosterone; prostatic neoplasms; prostatectomy; neoplasm staging; prognosis ID SERUM HORMONE LEVELS; ANTIGEN; ADENOCARCINOMA; MODEL AB Purpose: In the last decade numerous groups have shown that low levels of pretreatment serum total testosterone consistently predict more aggressive disease, worse prognosis and worse treatment response in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Prior studies have not demonstrated this same correlation in patients with known localized disease. We rigorously tested pretreatment total testosterone levels as a potential staging and prognostic marker in a large cohort of 879 patients with localized cancer treated with radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 879 patients treated with radical prostatectomy between January 1, 1986 and June 30, 2002 from 9 hospital sites. Nonparametric tests were used to compare the relationship of pretreatment testosterone to other variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess clinical predictors of extraprostatic disease. Kaplan-Meier survival methods and Cox regression analysis were used to assess predictors of biochemical recurrence. Results: Patients with nonorgan confined prostate cancer (pT3-T4) showed significantly lower pretreatment total testosterone levels than those with organ confined cancer (pT1-T2) (nonparametric p = 0.041). In multivariate analysis pretreatment total testosterone emerged as a significant independent predictor of extraprostatic disease (p = 0.046). Total testosterone was not a significant predictor of biochemical (prostate specific antigen) recurrence (p = 0.467). Conclusions: Pretreatment total testosterone was an independent predictor of extraprostatic disease in patients with localized prostate cancer. As testosterone decreases patients have an increased likelihood of nonorgan confined disease. Low testosterone was not predictive of biochemical recurrence, although trends observed dictate study in larger cohorts with mature followup. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Augusta, GA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Urol, Bethesda, MD USA. Malcolm Grow AF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Andrews AFB, MD USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Portsmouth, VA USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 21 TC 172 Z9 181 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 169 IS 5 BP 1670 EP 1675 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000062674.43964.d0 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 667WM UT WOS:000182257600005 PM 12686805 ER PT J AU Stakhiv, EZ AF Stakhiv, EZ TI Disintegrated water resources management in the US: Union of Sisyphus and Pandora SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Stakhiv, EZ (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 129 IS 3 BP 151 EP 154 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2003)129:3(151) PG 4 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 669CR UT WOS:000182334800001 ER PT J AU Williams, GL Randall, RE AF Williams, GL Randall, RE TI Submerged ordnance and unrestrained cylinder movement in coastal zone SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE coastal environment; cylinders; army ID FORCES; WAVES; VELOCITY AB Laboratory experiments were conducted in a wave flume to measure wave conditions (height, period, and kinematics) that caused movement-of submerged ordnance and cylinders. Laboratory results were analyzed and two empirical theories were developed for predicting movement based on wave conditions and ordnance/cylinder characteristics: (1) modified Shields parameter approach comparing ordnance and cylinder parameters with a wave Shields parameter to identify critical regimes for ordnance/cylinder movement; and (2) Keulegan-Carpenter number (KC) approach comparing the ratio of maximum orbital velocity at the ordnance/cylinder surface and ordnance/cylinder diameter with relative water depth. Evaluation of these two approaches with the laboratory data indicated that the best predictive technique appeared to be the modified Shields parameter approach. A field deployment of two drogue cylinders instrumented with acoustic pingers was conducted to further investigate ordnance movement using acoustic tracking procedures. Measured wave conditions and cylinder characteristics were used in the modified Shields parameter approach and indicated that the cylinders would be mobile. The field deployment of two cylinders verified the prediction results showing net movements of 15 and 13 m, respectively. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Wilmington Dist, H&H Sect, Wilmington, NC 28402 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Ocean Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Williams, GL (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Wilmington Dist, H&H Sect, POB 1890, Wilmington, NC 28402 USA. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 129 IS 3 BP 136 EP 145 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2003)129:3(136) PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 668ZD UT WOS:000182326700004 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Baghdad express: A Gulf War memoir. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 8 BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 672TA UT WOS:000182536600167 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Beckius, ML McAllister, CK AF Murray, CK Beckius, ML McAllister, CK TI Fusarium proliferatum superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL THROMBOPHLEBITIS; MANAGEMENT; EXPERIENCE; INFECTIONS; PATHOGEN; FUNGEMIA; CANCER AB Fungi are increasingly recognized as microorganisms causing superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis being managed by aggressive surgical therapy and antifungal agents. We report a case of Fusarium proliferatum superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis in an immunocompetent patient with no evidence of systemic infection and who responded to venotomy alone. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 168 IS 5 BP 426 EP 427 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AG UT WOS:000186549800024 PM 12775184 ER PT J AU Landau, ME Barner, KC Campbell, WW AF Landau, ME Barner, KC Campbell, WW TI Optimal screening distance for ulnar neuropathy at the elbow SO MUSCLE & NERVE LA English DT Article DE electrodiagnosis; entrapment neuropathy; neural conduction; neurophysiology; ulnar neuropathy ID NERVE-CONDUCTION VELOCITY; CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME; EXPERIMENTAL ERROR; CUBITAL TUNNEL; LOCALIZATION; SEGMENT; ABNORMALITIES; ENTRAPMENT; DIAGNOSIS AB Focal demyelinating lesions typically occur within a 1-cm segment of a nerve. In electrodiagnostic studies, measurements over longer distances decrease the chance of detecting such lesions, but measurements over shorter distances result in greater experimental error. Our objective was therefore to determine the optimal screening distance for ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) incorporating previously derived experimental errors for calculating nerve conduction velocity (NCV). Using a lesion model wherein prolongation of 0.4 ms was added to the expected latency of a 1-cm nerve segment, new NCVs were derived for distances between 1 and 10 cm for nerves normally conducting between 40 and 65 m/s. Lesion detection, or sensitivity, was defined as the likelihood of calculating a decrease of 10 m/s from the normal NCV while including the experimental error. Specificity was related to the likelihood of an inadvertent calculation of such a decrease in NCV in a segment without a lesion. Sensitivity and specificity were derived at multiple distances with varying NCVs. The total percentage error was the sum of the false-negative and false-positive percentages. The least total percentage error occurred at 3-4 cm, 4-6 cm, and 6-8 cm for nerves normally conducting at 40-50 m/s, 50-60 m/s, and 60-65 m/s, respectively. We conclude that the optimal distance for screening LINE, considering both sensitivity and specificity, is significantly less than 10 cm, perhaps as low as 4-6 cm; considering in addition the likely locations of focal lesions, the best distance is 6-8 cm. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Landau, ME (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0148-639X J9 MUSCLE NERVE JI Muscle Nerve PD MAY PY 2003 VL 27 IS 5 BP 570 EP 574 DI 10.1002/mus.10352 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 673EL UT WOS:000182567200005 PM 12707976 ER PT J AU Read, TD Peterson, SN Tourasse, N Baillie, LW Paulsen, IT Nelson, KE Tettelin, H Fouts, DE Eisen, JA Gill, SR Holtzapple, EK Okstad, OA Helgason, E Rilstone, J Wu, M Kolonay, JF Beanan, MJ Dodson, RJ Brinkac, LM Gwinn, M DeBoy, RT Madpu, R Daugherty, SC Durkin, AS Haft, DH Nelson, WC Peterson, JD Pop, M Khouri, HM Radune, D Benton, JL Mahamoud, Y Jiang, LX Hance, IR Weidman, JF Berry, KJ Plaut, RD Wolf, AM Watkins, KL Nierman, WC Hazen, A Cline, R Redmond, C Thwaite, JE White, O Salzberg, SL Thomason, B Friedlander, AM Koehler, TM Hanna, PC Kolsto, AB Fraser, CM AF Read, TD Peterson, SN Tourasse, N Baillie, LW Paulsen, IT Nelson, KE Tettelin, H Fouts, DE Eisen, JA Gill, SR Holtzapple, EK Okstad, OA Helgason, E Rilstone, J Wu, M Kolonay, JF Beanan, MJ Dodson, RJ Brinkac, LM Gwinn, M DeBoy, RT Madpu, R Daugherty, SC Durkin, AS Haft, DH Nelson, WC Peterson, JD Pop, M Khouri, HM Radune, D Benton, JL Mahamoud, Y Jiang, LX Hance, IR Weidman, JF Berry, KJ Plaut, RD Wolf, AM Watkins, KL Nierman, WC Hazen, A Cline, R Redmond, C Thwaite, JE White, O Salzberg, SL Thomason, B Friedlander, AM Koehler, TM Hanna, PC Kolsto, AB Fraser, CM TI The genome sequence of Bacillus anthracis Ames and comparison to closely related bacteria SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID GENE; THURINGIENSIS; EXPRESSION; SUBTILIS; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEIN; CEREUS; PLCR; PXO1 AB Bacillus anthracis is an endospore-forming bacterium that causes inhalational anthrax(1). Key virulence genes are found on plasmids (extra-chromosomal, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules) pXO1 (ref. 2) and pXO2 (ref. 3). To identify additional genes that might contribute to virulence, we analysed the complete sequence of the chromosome of B. anthracis Ames (about 5.23 megabases). We found several chromosomally encoded proteins that may contribute to pathogenicity-including haemolysins, phospholipases and iron acquisition functions- and identified numerous surface proteins that might be important targets for vaccines and drugs. Almost all these putative chromosomal virulence and surface proteins have homologues in Bacillus cereus, highlighting the similarity of B. anthracis to near-neighbours that are not associated with anthrax(4). By performing a comparative genome hybridization of 19 B. cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis strains against a B. anthracis DNA microarray, we confirmed the general similarity of chromosomal genes among this group of close relatives. However, we found that the gene sequences of pXO1 and pXO2 were more variable between strains, suggesting plasmid mobility in the group. The complete sequence of B. anthracis is a step towards a better understanding of anthrax pathogenesis. C1 Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Med Biotechnol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Biochem, Washington, DC 20052 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Microbiol & Trop Med, Washington, DC 20052 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Oslo, Sch Pharm, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Def Sci Technol Lab, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Biotechnol Ctr Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77225 USA. RP Read, TD (reprint author), Inst Genom Res, 9712 Med Ctr Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Read, Timothy/E-6240-2011; Paulsen, Ian/K-3832-2012; Nelson, William/E-9263-2016; Plaut, Roger/B-2340-2013; Salzberg, Steven/F-6162-2011; Pop, Mihai/A-7987-2013 OI Baillie, Les/0000-0002-8186-223X; Fraser, Claire/0000-0003-1462-2428; Eisen, Jonathan A./0000-0002-0159-2197; Paulsen, Ian/0000-0001-9015-9418; Nelson, William/0000-0002-1873-3929; Plaut, Roger/0000-0002-0883-972X; Salzberg, Steven/0000-0002-8859-7432; Pop, Mihai/0000-0001-9617-5304 NR 28 TC 566 Z9 1262 U1 5 U2 73 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 423 IS 6935 BP 81 EP 86 DI 10.1038/nature01586 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 673CG UT WOS:000182561600043 PM 12721629 ER PT J AU Johnson, GE Ebberts, BD Dauble, DD Giorgi, AE Heisey, PG Mueller, RP Neitzel, DA AF Johnson, GE Ebberts, BD Dauble, DD Giorgi, AE Heisey, PG Mueller, RP Neitzel, DA TI Effects of jet entry at high-flow outfalls on juvenile Pacific salmon SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID PREDATION AB We conducted field studies and laboratory experiments to explore the relationship between direct injury and mortality rates of juvenile Pacific salmon Oncorhyncus spp. and the jet entry velocities characteristic of high-flow (>28.3 m(3)/s) outfalls at hydroelectric facilities. During field tests, the range of calculated mean entry velocities was 9.3-13.7 m/s for low (28.3 m(3)/s) and high (68.0-70.2 m(3)/s) outfall discharge rates and two receiving water elevations. Mortality and injury rates of balloon-tagged hatchery juvenile spring chinook salmon O. tshawytscha in the field tests were less than 1%. At a high-velocity flume in a laboratory, small (87-100 mm fork length [FL]) and large (135-150 mm FL) hatchery fall chinook salmon were exposed to velocities of 0.0-24.4 m/s in a fast-fish-to-slow-water scenario. Jet entry velocities up to 15.2 m/s provided benign passage conditions for the sizes and physiological states of juvenile salmonids tested under the particular environmental conditions present during this study. Our results of direct injury and mortality indicate that a jet entry velocity up to 15.2 m/s should safely pass juvenile salmon at high-flow outfalls. It will be necessary, however, to conduct site-specific, postconstruction verification studies of fish injury and mortality at new high-flow outfalls. C1 Battelles Pacific NW Div, Portland, OR 97204 USA. US Army Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97208 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Normandeau Associates Inc, Drumore, PA 17518 USA. RP Johnson, GE (reprint author), Battelles Pacific NW Div, 620 SW 5th Ave,Suite 810, Portland, OR 97204 USA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 23 IS 2 BP 441 EP 449 DI 10.1577/1548-8675(2003)023<0441:EOJEAH>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 686UG UT WOS:000183338900009 ER PT J AU Eiseman, AS Flanagan, JC Brooks, AB Mitchell, EP Pemberton, CH AF Eiseman, AS Flanagan, JC Brooks, AB Mitchell, EP Pemberton, CH TI Ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications associated with the use of systemic 5-fluorouracil SO OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Scientific Symposium of the American-Society-of-Ophthalmic-Plastic-and-Reconstructive-Surgery (ASOPRS) CY NOV 10, 2001 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP American Soc Ophthalmic Plast Reconstruct Surg ID ETIOLOGIC CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; DRAINAGE OBSTRUCTION; FLUOROURACIL THERAPY; CANCER-CHEMOTHERAPY; TOXICITY; AGENTS AB Purpose: To determine the prevalence rates and associated characteristics of patients who have ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications associated with the systemic use of the cancer chemotherapeutic agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Methods: An exposure-based cohort study was designed. Adult patients who had completed at least 3 months of systemic 5-FU therapy within the past 5 years were eligible for enrollment. Study subjects had a detailed medical history taken with emphasis on preexisting conditions known to be associated with the development of ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications. An ocular examination was then performed. A complete nasolacrimal system evaluation was performed if symptoms or findings were identified. The prevalence was then determined for each ocular symptom and each ocular finding identified that was not present pretreatment. An exploratory analysis was then performed to identify patient characteristics that might influence the likelihood of developing any of the above complications. Results: Fifty-two patients were enrolled in the study. The prevalence rates of the following ocular abnormalities were calculated: ocular irritation, 5.8%; blepharitis, 3.8%; conjunctivitis, 3.8%; keratitis, 3.8%; eyelid dermatitis, 5.8%; cicatricial ectropion, 1.9%; tearing, 26.9%; punctal-canalicular stenosis, 5.8%; and blurred vision, 11.5%. Blacks had tearing at a significantly higher rate when compared with whites (P=0.022, 2-sided Fisher exact test). Three patients had permanent complications that will require surgery for correction. Of the 7 patients who had a single abnormality, 6 had tearing and one had eyelid dermatitis. All of the 8 patients who had multiple findings had tearing as one of their abnormalities. Conclusions: Ninety-three percent of the patients who had an ocular abnormality had tearing as one of the complications. Patients who are receiving systemic 5-FU and begin to tear should have an ocular examination, looking for ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Oculoplast & Orbit Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wills Eye Hosp & Res Inst, Jefferson Med Coll, Oculoplast Serv, Philadelphia, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Kimmel Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Lankenau Hosp, Div Hematol Oncol, Wynnewood, PA USA. RP Eiseman, AS (reprint author), 18203 Bluebell Lane, Olney, MD 20832 USA. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0740-9303 J9 OPHTHALMIC PLAST REC JI Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 19 IS 3 BP 216 EP 224 DI 10.1097/01.IOP.0000066648.33513.3D PG 9 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 682KX UT WOS:000183091700010 PM 12918558 ER PT J AU Brietzke, SE Mair, EA AF Brietzke, SE Mair, EA TI Injection snoreplasty: Extended follow-up and new objective data SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID LASER-ASSISTED UVULOPALATOPLASTY; OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; SHORT-TERM; UVULOPALATOPHARYNGOPLASTY; PALATE AB OBJECTIVE: Injection snoreplasty was recently introduced as a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment for primary snoring. Extended follow-up data (19 months) are presented from the initial pilot study cohort, and pretreatment/posttreatment objective data are presented on a new prospective patient cohort. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The successfully treated patients from the initial pilot study (n = 25) were surveyed regarding their current snoring level, overall discomfort, and overall satisfaction. A new patient cohort with primary snoring (Respiratory Disturbance Index < 10) was prospectively treated with injection snoreplasty. Snoring was objectively measured pretreatment and posttreatment using a take-home acoustical analysis device. RESULTS: Subjective success dropped from 92% to 75% at a mean of 19-month follow-up with a snoring relapse rate of 18%. Objective analysis of a new patient cohort (n = 17) confirmed statistically significant decreases in palatal flutter snoring and palatal loudness after injection. Preprocedure measurements were highly correlated to eventual treatment success. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Success and snoring relapse rates of injection snoreplasty are similar to those of other current treatments. Objective analysis confirms the procedure is effective in reducing palatal flutter snoring. Preprocedure snoring analysis may predict patient response to palatal stiffening treatments. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otorhinolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. NR 20 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 128 IS 5 BP 605 EP 615 DI 10.1016/S0197-5998(03)00229-8 PG 11 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 682MQ UT WOS:000183096200001 PM 12748553 ER PT J AU Sundar, S Jha, TK Sindermann, H Junge, K Bachmann, P Berman, J AF Sundar, S Jha, TK Sindermann, H Junge, K Bachmann, P Berman, J TI Oral miltefosine treatment in children with mild to moderate Indian visceral leishmaniasis SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE visceral leishmaniasis; miltefosine; children; oral treatment; efficacy; toxicity ID AGENT AB Background. Miltefosine is the first oral drug with demonstrable success in treating visceral leishmaniasis in adults. Because approximately one-half of the visceral leishmaniasis patients worldwide are children, we performed a Phase I/II dose ranging study in the pediatric population in India. Methods. Thirty-nine (39) children (defined as <12 years of age) with visceral leishmaniasis demonstrated by parasites in splenic aspirates, were treated with oral miltefosine daily for 28 days: 21 patients received 1.5 mg/kg/day (Group A); and 18 patients received 2.5 mg/kg/day (Group B). About one-half of these children had failed prior antileishmanial treatment. Results. All patients were parasitologically negative and symptomatically improved by the end of therapy on Day 28 of therapy; the initial parasitologic cure rate was 100%. Two patients in each treatment group relapsed with fever, splenomegaly and parasite-positive splenic aspirates by the end of the 6-month follow-up. The per protocol final clinical cure rate was 19 of 21 = 90% in Group A and 15 of 17 = 88% in Group B. Miltefosine was well-tolerated. As per the adult experience, gastrointestinal adverse events were seen: 33 and 39% of children experienced vomiting and 5 and 17% experienced diarrhea in Groups A and B, respectively, but all episodes were mild to moderate in severity and commonly lasted <1 day without symptomatic treatment. Conclusion. Oral miltefosine was safe and similar to90% effective in this initial clinical trial of childhood visceral leishmaniasis. C1 Banaras Hindu Univ, Inst Med Sci, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. Kala Azar Res Ctr, Brahmpura, Muzaffapur, India. Zentaris ASTA Med, Frankfurt, Germany. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Sundar, S (reprint author), Banaras Hindu Univ, Inst Med Sci, 6 SK Gupta Nagar, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 22 IS 5 BP 434 EP 438 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 680NM UT WOS:000182984300009 PM 12792385 ER PT J AU Carroll, ST AF Carroll, ST TI Tattooing and body piercing - Reply SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Carroll, ST (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY 1 PY 2003 VL 111 IS 5 BP 1126 EP 1126 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 673KC UT WOS:000182579300058 ER PT J AU Arroyo, CM Kan, RK Burman, DL Kahler, DW Nelson, MR Corun, CM Guzman, JJ Broomfield, CA AF Arroyo, CM Kan, RK Burman, DL Kahler, DW Nelson, MR Corun, CM Guzman, JJ Broomfield, CA TI Regulation of 1-alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 on interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 induced by sulfur mustard (HD) on human skin cells SO PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CULTURED HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; VITAMIN-D-RECEPTOR; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; CYTOKINE RELEASE; POTENT REGULATOR; NEUTRAL RED; SERUM-FREE; PROLIFERATION; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION AB The regulatory effects of the active form of vitamin D, 1-alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (1-alpha, 25 (OH)(2)D-3) were assessed on the cytokine and chemokine secretion induced by sulfur mustard on human skin fibroblasts and human epidermal keratinocytes. Stimulation of human skin fibroblasts with sulfur mustard (10(-4) M for 24 hr at 37) resulted in approximately a 5 times increase in the secretion of interleukin-6 and over a 10 times increase for interleukin-8, which was inhibited by 1-alpha, 25 (OH)(2)D-3, at less than or equal to10(-9) M. 1-alpha, 25 (OH)(2)D-3 also suppressed interleukin-8 secretion by 5 times and interleukin-6 by 4 times on sulfur mustard-stimulated human epidermal keratinocytes at concentrations less than or equal to 10(-9) M. The effect of 1-alpha, 25 (OH)(2)D-3 was dose-dependent for the suppression of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 induced by sulfur mustard on human skin fibroblasts/human epidermal keratinocytes, apparent at nanomolar concentrations. Our results indicate that the suppression of these inflammatory mediators by I-a, 25 (OH)(2)D-3 is dependent on the source of the primary cultures, cell densities, and kinetics of pretreatments. In contrast to the inhibition of cytokine/chemokine production, cell proliferation was enhanced by almost 1.7 times on treated human epidermal keratinocytes with 1-alpha, 25 (OH)(2)D-3 (1 x 10(-9) M) after sulfur mustard-stimulation (10(-4) M for 24 hr at 37degreesC). The observed enhancement diversified based on cell density, and kinetics of pretreatment with a maximal synergism (s) observed at 1 x 10(-9) M. Photomicrographs show typical signs of cellular degeneration caused by sulfur mustard such as chromatin condensation. The observed cellular degeneration was lessened when human epidermal keratinocytes were treated with 1-alpha, 25 (OH)(2)D-3 (2x10(-9) M). 1-alpha, 25(OH)(2)D-3 could be an alternative treatment for cutaneous inflammation disorders caused by sulfur mustard because we have demonstrated its ability to suppress inflammatory mediators and enhanced cell proliferation in human skin cells stimulated with sulfur mustard. C1 USA, Drug Assessment Div, Div Comparat Med, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Div Pharmacol, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Arroyo, CM (reprint author), USA, Drug Assessment Div, Div Comparat Med, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd,Edgewood Area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 52 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0901-9928 J9 PHARMACOL TOXICOL JI Pharmacol. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 92 IS 5 BP 204 EP 213 DI 10.1034/j.1600-0773.2003.920503.x PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 670MV UT WOS:000182413300002 PM 12753408 ER PT J AU Latka, M Was, Z Kozik, A West, BJ AF Latka, M Was, Z Kozik, A West, BJ TI Wavelet analysis of epileptic spikes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BRAIN ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; AUTOMATIC RECOGNITION; EEG; SEIZURES; QUANTIFICATION; COHERENCY; EVENTS AB Interictal spikes and sharp waves in human EEG are characteristic signatures of epilepsy. These potentials originate as a result of synchronous pathological discharge of many neurons. The reliable detection of such potentials has been the long standing problem in EEG analysis, especially after long-term monitoring became common in investigation of epileptic patients. The traditional definition of a spike is based on its amplitude, duration, sharpness, and emergence from its background. However, spike detection systems built solely around this definition are not reliable due to the presence of numerous transients and artifacts. We use wavelet transform to analyze the properties of EEG manifestations of epilepsy. We demonstrate that the behavior of wavelet transform of epileptic spikes across scales can constitute the foundation of a relatively simple yet effective detection algorithm. C1 Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. Reg Med Ctr, Dept Child Neurol, Video EEG Lab, PL-40529 Wroclaw, Poland. USA, Div Math, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Latka, M (reprint author), Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. EM mirek@if.pwr.wroc.pl; zwas@wp.pl; andrzejkozik1@wp.pl; westb@aro-emh1.army.mil RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017 NR 28 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAY PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 052902 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.052902 PN 1 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 689GA UT WOS:000183482200088 PM 12786206 ER PT J AU West, BJ Scafetta, N AF West, BJ Scafetta, N TI Nonlinear dynamical model of human gait SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL PATTERN GENERATORS; LONG-RANGE CORRELATIONS; ALLOMETRIC CONTROL; STRIDE INTERVAL; ANIMAL GAITS; FLUCTUATIONS; WALKING AB We present a nonlinear dynamical model of the human gait control system in a variety of gait regimes. The stride-interval time series in normal human gait is characterized by slightly multifractal fluctuations. The fractal nature of the fluctuations becomes more pronounced under both an increase and decrease in the average gait. Moreover, the long-range memory in these fluctuations is lost when the gait is keyed on a metronome. Human locomotion is controlled by a network of neurons capable of producing a correlated syncopated output. The central nervous system is coupled to the motocontrol system, and together they control the locomotion of the gait cycle itself. The metronomic gait is simulated by a forced nonlinear oscillator with a periodic external force associated with the conscious act of walking in a particular way. C1 Duke Univ, EE Dept, Pratt Sch, Durham, NC 27701 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27701 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP West, BJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, EE Dept, Pratt Sch, POB 90201, Durham, NC 27701 USA. RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017 NR 25 TC 89 Z9 93 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAY PY 2003 VL 67 IS 5 AR 051917 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.67.051917 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 689GA UT WOS:000183482200070 PM 12786188 ER PT J AU Whitman, JM Fritz, JM Boyles, RE AF Whitman, JM Fritz, JM Boyles, RE TI Is there evidence that performing joint manipulation under local anesthetic block might be more effective than continuing exercises in a women with recalcitrant adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder? SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID END-FEEL; RELIABILITY; MOTION; RANGE C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Postprofess Doctoral Program Orthoped & Manual Ph, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Therapy, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Phys Therpy Element, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Whitman, JM (reprint author), Phys Therpy Element, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, NM USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 83 IS 5 BP 486 EP 496 PG 11 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA 677VE UT WOS:000182828300007 ER PT J AU Palka, EJ AF Palka, EJ TI Fields of battle: Terrain in military history. SO PROFESSIONAL GEOGRAPHER LA English DT Book Review DE battlefield; geology; military geography; military history; terrain C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Palka, EJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0033-0124 J9 PROF GEOGR JI Prof. Geogr. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 55 IS 2 BP 289 EP 292 PG 4 WC Geography SC Geography GA 686HV UT WOS:000183316300022 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL Sandson, NB AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL Sandson, NB TI Six patterns of drug-drug interactions SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID ST-JOHNS-WORT; IN-VITRO; LIVER; PHARMACOKINETICS; CYCLOSPORINE; QUETIAPINE; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION; CLOZAPINE; TRAMADOL AB The literature on pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions usually focuses on various interactions relating to the cytochrome P450 system, phase II glucuronidation, and P-glycoprotein function. However there has been relatively little examination of how the modes or patterns that govern these interactions can be systematically characterized to better anticipate drug-drug interactions in clinical practice. This article details a schema of six core patterns of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction relating to processes of induction and inhibition and the action of substrates. Case examples illustrating each pattern are provided. C1 Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Sheppard Pratt Hlth Syst, Div Educ & Residency Training, Towson, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Sheppard Pratt Psychiat Residency Program, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Med Syst, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Psychiat, 1809 Maple St, Forest Grove, OR 97116 USA. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAY-JUN PY 2003 VL 44 IS 3 BP 255 EP 258 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.44.3.255 PG 4 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 673AL UT WOS:000182556300011 PM 12724509 ER PT J AU Coutts, TJ Guazzoni, G Luther, J AF Coutts, TJ Guazzoni, G Luther, J TI An overview of the fifth conference on thermophotovoltaic generation of electricity SO SEMICONDUCTOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In this paper, we discuss some of the highlights of the Fifth Conference on Thermophotovoltaic Generation of Electricity. The paper is organized into three principal sections, which deal with systems, infrared radiation emitters, and photovoltaic cells. Significant areas of progress and trends are identified in each of these areas. Progress is occurring at the fundamental level of materials' science, radiation physics, and systems. In the third of these topics, the quaternary alloy GaInAsSb appears to have become increasingly favoured. In the second topic, interesting developments in surface structured radiators and close-proximity radiators is discussed. Finally, we note that increased work on systems is still required, particularly for non-military applications. C1 Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. US Army CECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. Fraunhofer Inst Solar Energy Syst, D-7800 Freiburg, Germany. RP Coutts, TJ (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0268-1242 J9 SEMICOND SCI TECH JI Semicond. Sci. Technol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 18 IS 5 BP S144 EP S150 AR PII S0268-1242(03)59382-8 DI 10.1088/0268-1242/18/5/302 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 683QK UT WOS:000183160500003 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of aluminum tetrahydroborate SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE vibration modes; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; aluminum tetrahydroborate; aluminum borohydride AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of aluminum tetrahydroborate in D-3 symmetry are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of seven types of motion (B-H stretch, Al-B stretch, B-Al-B bend, H-B-H bend, BH4 wag, BH4 rock, and BH4 twist) predicted by a group theoretical analysis. By comparing the vibrational frequencies with infrared and Raman spectra available in the literature, a set of scaling factors is derived. Theoretical infrared intensities and Raman activities are reported. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB RRT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1386-1425 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA A JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. A-Molec. Biomolec. Spectr. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 59 IS 7 BP 1565 EP 1578 AR PII S1386-1425(02)00357-8 DI 10.1016/S1386-1425(02)00357-8 PG 14 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 677ZB UT WOS:000182838800016 PM 12714080 ER PT J AU Jensen, MJ Smith, TJ Ahmed, SA Smith, LA AF Jensen, MJ Smith, TJ Ahmed, SA Smith, LA TI Expression, purification, and efficacy of the type A botulinum neurotoxin catalytic domain fused to two translocation domain variants SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE neurotoxin; Clostridium botulinum; light chain; protein expression ID CHAIN FRAGMENT-C; RECOMBINANT VACCINE CANDIDATE; YEAST PICHIA-PASTORIS; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; LIGHT-CHAIN; A NEUROTOXIN; HEAVY-CHAIN; SEROTYPE-A; SYNTHETIC GENE; SEQUENCE AB Clostridial neurotoxins are potent inhibitors of synaptic function, with the zinc-dependent proteolytic light chain (LC) portion of the toxin cleaving one of three neural SNARE proteins. In nature, the LC is expressed as a part of a much larger toxin and hemagglutinin complex, protecting it from environmental degradation and preserving its catalytic activity. We developed forms of the LC of type A botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT-A) with parts of the larger toxin gene, for use as reagents in high-throughput assays to screen for potential LC antagonists, to further elucidate the toxin's mechanism of action, and to study immunological responses to the toxin. Three BoNT-A constructs were engineered and expressed: the LC, LC with translocation region (LC + H-n), and the LC with the belt portion of the translocation region (LC + Belt). Purification was optimized to a two-step process, with relatively high yields of all three constructs obtained. Activity assays showed all three constructs to be active, with the LC being the most active. Immunogenic protection against native BoNT-A toxin challenge was observed for all three constructs, with the best protection observed with the LC + Hn and LC + Belt proteins. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol & Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Smith, LA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxicol & Aerobiol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 38 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD MAY PY 2003 VL 41 IS 6 BP 691 EP 701 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(03)00042-4 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 679YM UT WOS:000182949600006 PM 12727273 ER PT J AU Tsokos, GC Nambiar, MP Tenbrock, K Juang, YT AF Tsokos, GC Nambiar, MP Tenbrock, K Juang, YT TI Rewiring the T-cell: signaling defects and novel prospects for the treatment of SLE SO TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; KINASE-C-THETA; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; ACTIVATION; PROMOTER; IL-2; LYMPHOCYTES AB Activation of T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) leads to increased signaling responses, detected by increased calcium and protein tyrosine phosphorylation patterns. This overexcitability occurs in spite of decreased levels of T-cell receptor zeta chain. The replacement of the zeta chain by the Fc receptor (FcR) gamma chain and the formation of signaling molecule aggregates on the surface of T cells are considered to be responsible for the observed signaling phenotype. Decreased production of the zeta-chain promoter binding form of the transcription factor Elf-1 is responsible for the decreased transcription of the zeta chain gene. In addition, transcription of the interieukin-2 (IL-2) gene is decreased because of the presence of the transcriptional repressor cyclic adenine mono-phosphate (cAMP) response element modulator. Replenishment of the zeta chain and elimination of the repressor by antisense approaches leads to increased expression of IL-2, suggesting that gene therapy approaches might represent tangible modalities in the treatment of human SLE. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Room A3060, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 42269, R01 AI 49954] NR 28 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4906 J9 TRENDS IMMUNOL JI Trends Immunol. PD MAY PY 2003 VL 24 IS 5 BP 259 EP 263 DI 10.1016/S1741-4906(03)00100-5 PG 5 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 685PV UT WOS:000183273200013 PM 12738420 ER PT J AU Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Krishnan, S Tenbrock, K Geller, DA Koritschoner, NP Atkins, JL Farber, DL Tsokos, GC AF Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Krishnan, S Tenbrock, K Geller, DA Koritschoner, NP Atkins, JL Farber, DL Tsokos, GC TI Transcriptional activation of the human inducible nitric-oxide synthase promoter by Kruppel-like factor 6 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NF-KAPPA-B; RAT MESANGIAL CELLS; ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; INOS GENE; BINDING PROTEIN; MURINE MELANOMA; PHOSPHORYLATION; SUPPRESSION; TUMORIGENICITY AB Nitric oxide is a ubiquitous free radical that plays a key role in a broad spectrum of signaling pathways in physiological and pathophysiological processes. We have explored the transcriptional regulation of inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) by Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6), an Sp1-like zinc finger transcription factor. Study of serial deletion constructs of the iNOS promoter revealed that the proximal 0.63-kb region can support a 3-6-fold reporter activity similar to that of the full-length 16-kb promoter. Within the 0.63-kb region, we identified two CACCC sites (-164 to -168 and -261 to -265) that bound KLF6 in both electrophoretic mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Mutation of both these sites abrogated the KLF6-induced enhancement of the 0.63-kb iNOS promoter activity. The binding of KLF6 to the iNOS promoter was significantly increased in Jurkat cells, primary T lymphocytes, and COS-7 cells subjected to NaCN-induced hypoxia, heat shock, serum. starvation, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/A23187 ionophore stimulation. Furthermore, in KLF6-transfected and NaCN-treated COS-7 cells, there was a 3-4-fold increase in the expression of the endogenous iNOS mRNA and protein that correlated with increased production of nitric oxide. These findings indicate that KLF6 is a potential transactivator of the human iNOS promoter in diverse pathophysiological conditions. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Ciencias Quim, Dept Bioquim Clin, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Rm 1A32,Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usa.net FU PHS HHS [R01 49954] NR 51 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 25 PY 2003 VL 278 IS 17 BP 14812 EP 14819 DI 10.1074/jbc.M300787200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 672HX UT WOS:000182516100031 PM 12590140 ER PT J AU Luckhart, S Li, KY Dunton, R Lewis, EE Crampton, AL Ryan, JR Rosenberg, R AF Luckhart, S Li, KY Dunton, R Lewis, EE Crampton, AL Ryan, JR Rosenberg, R TI Anopheles gambiae immune gene variants associated with natural Plasmodium infection SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; mosquito; malaria; polymorphism; nitric oxide synthase; cecropin ID RIFT-VALLEY COMPLEX; NITRIC-OXIDE; SYNTHASE GENE; MALARIA; POLYMORPHISMS; MOSQUITO; KENYA; TRANSMISSION; CHILDREN; BARRIER C1 Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Luckhart, S (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, 306 Engel Hall Mail Stop 0308, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. OI Crampton, Andrea/0000-0001-9656-3059 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI41027, R29 AI041027] NR 20 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD APR 25 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 1 BP 83 EP 86 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00016-1 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 679ET UT WOS:000182908300010 PM 12706800 ER PT J AU Painter, TH Dozier, J Roberts, DA Davis, RE Green, RO AF Painter, TH Dozier, J Roberts, DA Davis, RE Green, RO TI Retrieval of subpixel snow-covered area and grain size from imaging spectrometer data SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE snow; albedo; mapping; imaging spectrometry; AVIRIS ID LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER; SOLAR-REFLECTED SPECTRUM; SIR-C/X-SAR; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; AVIRIS DATA; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; MIE SCATTERING; WATER-VAPOR AB We describe and validate an automated model that retrieves subpixel snow-covered area and effective grain size from Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data. The model analyzes multiple endmember spectral mixtures with a spectral library of snow, vegetation, rock, and soil. We derive snow spectral endmembers of varying grain size from a radiative transfer model; spectra for vegetation, rock, and soil were collected in the field and laboratory. For three AVIRIS images of Mammoth Mountain, California that span common snow conditions for winter through spring, we validate the estimates of snow-covered area with fine-resolution aerial photographs and validate the estimates of grain size with stereological analysis of snow samples collected within 2 It of the AVIRIS overpasses. The RMS error for snow-covered area retrieved from AVIRIS for the combined set of three images was 4%. The RMS error for snow grain size retrieved from a 3x3 window of AVIRIS data for the combined set of three images is 48 mum, and the RMS error for reflectance integrated over the solar spectrum and over all hemispherical reflectance angles is 0.018. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Computat Earth Syst Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Dozier, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RI Dozier, Jeff/B-7364-2009; Painter, Thomas/B-7806-2016 OI Dozier, Jeff/0000-0001-8542-431X; NR 51 TC 169 Z9 183 U1 2 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD APR 25 PY 2003 VL 85 IS 1 BP 64 EP 77 DI 10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00187-6 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 665LE UT WOS:000182121500006 ER PT J AU Hou, SS Bonagamba, TJ Beyer, FL Madison, PH Schmidt-Rohr, K AF Hou, SS Bonagamba, TJ Beyer, FL Madison, PH Schmidt-Rohr, K TI Clay intercalation of poly(styrene-ethylene oxide) block copolymers studied by two-dimensional solid-state NMR SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYMER; SPECTROSCOPY; MONTMORILLONITE AB The intercalation of poly(styrene-ethylene oxide) block copolymers (PS-b-PEO) into a smectite clay, hectorite, has been studied by multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The behaviors of two copolymers with similar PEO block lengths (7 and 8.4 kDa) but different PS block lengths (3.6 vs 30 kDa) were compared. Polymer intercalation is assessed by two-dimensional H-1-Si-29 heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) NMR with spin diffusion and refocused Si-29 detection for enhanced sensitivity. Hydroxyl protons in the smectite layers serve as crucial spin diffusion references and H-1 magnetization relay points from the polymer to the Si-29 in the silicate. Experiments with CRAMPS evolution, with H-1 spin diffusion, and with detection of the sharp OH proton signal after a H-1 T-2 filter provide excellent sensitivity for spin diffusion studies with mixing-time series. Because of the mobility of PEO, in this homonuclear experiment we can observe PEO-PS and clay-polymer spin diffusion simultaneously. While the PS block is found not to be intercalated in either copolymer, definite proof of PEO intercalation in the sample with the shorter, 3.6 kDa PS block is provided by a H-1-C-13 HETCOR spectrum. In the PS-rich sample, the amount of intercalated PEO is much smaller, and a significant fraction of PEO is not intercalated. Two-dimensional H-1-Si-29 correlation NMR without H-1 homonuclear decoupling shows that intercalated PEO has a clearly reduced mobility, most prominently for the PEO nearest to the silicate surface. A model of the PEO blocks intercalating sideways into 50 nm diameter stacks of hectorite can explain the experimental results. C1 Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. USA, Res Lab, Polymers Res Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Schmidt-Rohr, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Bonagamba, Tito/A-2166-2008; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016 NR 26 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD APR 22 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 8 BP 2769 EP 2776 DI 10.1021/ma025707f PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 669QJ UT WOS:000182361700032 ER PT J AU Krishna, S Raghavan, S von Winckel, G Rotella, P Stintz, A Morath, CP Le, D Kennerly, SW AF Krishna, S Raghavan, S von Winckel, G Rotella, P Stintz, A Morath, CP Le, D Kennerly, SW TI Two color InAs/InGaAs dots-in-a-well detector with background-limited performance at 91 K SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INAS/GAAS QUANTUM DOTS; INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS; MIDINFRARED PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY AB Normal incidence long wave infrared (lambda(c)similar to9 mum) InAs/In0.15Ga0.85As dots-in-a-well detectors with background limited performance at 91 K, under f#1.7 300 K background irradiance, are reported. Two distinct peaks (lambda(p1)similar to4.2 mum and lambda(p2)similar to7.6 mum) are observed in the spectral response, which could possibly be due to a bound-to-continuum transition and a bound-to-bound transition, respectively. The operating wavelength of the detector can be varied by changing the width of the quantum well surrounding the quantum dots. Using calibrated blackbody measurements, the peak responsivity of the detector is measured to be 0.73 A/W (V-b=-1.7 V at T=60 K). (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept EECE, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. USAF, Res Lab, VSSS, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Krishna, S (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept EECE, Ctr High Technol Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RI Krishna, Sanjay /C-5766-2009; Morath, Christian/B-9147-2008 OI Morath, Christian/0000-0001-5838-9301 NR 22 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 21 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 16 BP 2574 EP 2576 DI 10.1063/1.1567806 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 667WY UT WOS:000182258800008 ER PT J AU Korotyeyev, VV Kochelap, VA Kim, KW Woolard, DL AF Korotyeyev, VV Kochelap, VA Kim, KW Woolard, DL TI Streaming distribution of two-dimensional electrons in III-N heterostructures for electrically pumped terahertz generation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSIT-TIME RESONANCE; GAN; NITRIDES; FIELDS; MASER AB We studied anisotropic electron distributions in group-III-nitride quantum wells and analyzed formation of the streaming regime under moderate electric fields. We found that the streaming effect can occur in high-mobility heterostructures (mugreater than or equal to30 000 cm(2)/V s) with low electron concentrations (nless than or equal to10(12) cm(-2)) at temperatures above 77 K. The effect holds in the electric fields of a few kV/cm. These conditions can be met in contemporary high-quality nitride heterostructures that have advantages over the bulk materials due to the specifics of electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions in two-dimensional structures. Subsequently, the streaming effect may enable the development of electrically-pumped THz sources operating above the nitrogen temperature based on nitride heterostructures. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Inst Semicond Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, UA-03650 Kiev, Ukraine. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Korotyeyev, VV (reprint author), Inst Semicond Phys, Dept Theoret Phys, UA-03650 Kiev, Ukraine. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 21 PY 2003 VL 82 IS 16 BP 2643 EP 2645 DI 10.1063/1.1569039 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 667WY UT WOS:000182258800031 ER PT J AU Zhao, P Horing, NJM Woolard, DL Cui, HL AF Zhao, P Horing, NJM Woolard, DL Cui, HL TI Nonequilibrium Green's function formulation of quantum transport theory for multi-band semiconductors SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE multi-band transport equations; nonequilibrium Green's function; decoupling technique; many-body; quantum transport ID DEVICES; EQUATIONS; SINGLE AB We present a nonequilibrium Green's function formulation of many-body quantum transport theory for multi-band semiconductor systems with a phonon bath. The equations are expressed exactly in terms of single particle nonequilibrium Green's functions and self-energies, treating the open electron-hole system in weak interaction with the bath. A decoupling technique is employed to separate the individual band Green's function equations of motion from one another, with the band-band interaction effects embedded in "cross-band" self-energies. This nonequilibrium Green's function formulation of quantum transport theory is amenable to solution by parallel computing because of its formal decoupling with respect to inter-band interactions. Moreover, this formulation also permits coding the simulator of an n-band semiconductor in terms of that for an (n - 1)-band system, in step with the current tendency and development of programming technology. Finally, the focus of these equations on individual bands provides a relatively direct route for the determination of carrier motion in energy bands, and to delineate the influence of intra- and inter-band interactions. A detailed description is provided for three-band semiconductor systems. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zhao, P (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD APR 21 PY 2003 VL 310 IS 4 BP 258 EP 264 DI 10.1016/S0375-9601(03)00286-X PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 668HW UT WOS:000182285100003 ER PT J AU McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW AF McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW TI Fourier-transform laser spectroscopy SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Topical Meeting on Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis (8th LACEA) CY FEB 07-10, 2002 CL BOULDER, CO SP Opt Soc Amer ID DIODE-LASER; MODULATION; GAS AB The development of microphotonic sensors based on Fourier-transform laser spectroscopy (FT-LS) is discussed. The application demonstrated is for measurement of vapors from the hydrocarbon fuels JP-8, diesel fuel, and gasoline. The two-laser prototype FT-LS sensor used for our research employs distributed-feedback lasers in the near-infrared spectral region (1.3- and 1.7-mum wavelength). An extension of this research to multilaser arrays is discussed. We believe that this is the first measurement of middle-distillate fuel-vapor concentrations using this optical mixing technique. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP McNesby, KL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcnesby@arl.army.mil NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD APR 20 PY 2003 VL 42 IS 12 BP 2127 EP 2131 DI 10.1364/AO.42.002127 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 670BD UT WOS:000182386600014 PM 12716154 ER PT J AU Liao, TW Celmins, AK Hammell, RJ AF Liao, TW Celmins, AK Hammell, RJ TI A fuzzy c-means variant for the generation of fuzzy term sets SO FUZZY SETS AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE fuzzy clustering; membership functions; fuzzy term sets; linguistic modeling ID MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS; RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES; CLUSTER-VALIDITY; SYSTEMS; ACQUISITION; EXTRACTION; RULES; WELDS; MODEL AB A fuzzy c-means (FCM) variant is proposed for the generation of fuzzy term sets with 2 overlap. The proposed variant differs from the original mainly in two areas. The first modification ensures that two end terms take the maximum and minimum domain values as their centers. The second modification prevents the generation of non-convex fuzzy terms that often occurs with the original algorithm. The optimal number of terms and the optimal shape of the membership function associated with each term are determined based on the mean squared error criterion. The exponential weight, m, used in the algorithm is found to greatly affect the shape of the membership function. The effect of data size used for the generation of fuzzy terms is also discussed. A generalized pi-shaped function with a tunable parameter along with its complement is developed to fit all term sets generated by the FCM variant using various m values. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Intelligent Syst Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Liao, TW (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Syst Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RI Liao, Thunshun/B-2724-2009 NR 30 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0114 J9 FUZZY SET SYST JI Fuzzy Sets Syst. PD APR 16 PY 2003 VL 135 IS 2 BP 241 EP 257 AR PII S0165-0114(02)00136-7 DI 10.1016/S0165-0114(02)00136-7 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 664CJ UT WOS:000182043900002 ER PT J AU Del Rincon, I Battafarano, DF Arroyo, RA Murphy, FT Fischbach, M Escalante, A AF Del Rincon, I Battafarano, DF Arroyo, RA Murphy, FT Fischbach, M Escalante, A TI Ethnic variation in the clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis: Role of HLA-DRB1 Alleles SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM-ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE rheumatoid arthritis; African Americans; Hispanic Americans; ethnic groups; HLA-DRB1; shared epitope ID SHARED-EPITOPE HYPOTHESIS; AMERICAN PATIENTS; DISEASE SEVERITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ASSOCIATION; RA; EXPRESSION; DISABILITY; REVEALS; INDIANS AB Objective. To assess the extent of ethnic variation in the clinical expression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the role of HLA-DRB1 alleles in this variation. Methods. We assessed consecutive RA patients for joint findings, subcutaneous nodules, laboratory and radiographic findings, and treatment. We typed HLA-DRB1 alleles to identify those that contain the shared epitope (SE). We adjusted ethnic comparisons for age and sex, and tested for ethnic heterogeneity in the effect of the SE. Results. We studied 777 RA patients, 498 of whom were women (64%), 432 were Hispanic (56%), 2 72 were non-Hispanic white (NHW; 35%), 53 were African American (AA; 7%), and 20 were Asian (3%). Compared with NHW, Hispanics had significantly more tender joints (17 versus 11), more swollen joints (8 versus 7), more frequent rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity (93% versus 84%), higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; 45 versus 36 mm/hr), and a lower number of lifetime disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (1.9 versus 2.5). AA were older at onset (46 versus 44 years), had less frequent subcutaneous nodules (18% versus 28%). and higher ESR (42 versus 36 mm/hour) than did NHW. Hispanics and AA were more likely than NHW to be null for the SE (odds ratio, [OR] = 4.59 for AA; and OR = 1.61 for Hispanics), and less likely to have 2 SE-carrying alleles (OR = 0.59 for Hispanics and OR = 0.25 for AA). The number of SE copies was associated with subcutaneous nodules, ESR, RF, and radiographic changes. Ethnic heterogeneity in the effect of the SE was modest. Conclusions. There is ethnic variation in the clinical expression of RA and in both the frequency and types of SE-carrying HLA-DRB1 alleles. Some ethnic variation in clinical findings is associated with differences in SE frequency. However, we found that the effect of the SE on the clinical features of RA varies little between ethnic groups. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. S Texas Vet Adm Hlth Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Escalante, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR1346]; NHLBI NIH HHS [K23-HL004481]; NIAMS NIH HHS [K24-AR47530]; NICHD NIH HHS [R01-HD37151] NR 37 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRIT RHEUM-ARTHR JI Arthritis Rheum-Arthritis Care Res. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 49 IS 2 BP 200 EP 208 DI 10.1002/art.11000 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 666HM UT WOS:000182171700009 PM 12687511 ER PT J AU Watt, G Kantipong, P Jongsakul, K AF Watt, G Kantipong, P Jongsakul, K TI Decrease in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 load during acute dengue fever SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID INFECTION; SUPPRESSION; ASSAY AB Rather than the expected increase in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) load, there was transient suppression of HIV-1 replication during acute dengue infection in a 29-year-old Thai woman. Acute-phase (but not convalescent-phase) serum samples obtained from an HIV-1 uninfected patient with dengue fever reduced HIV-1 infectivity, as determined by a peripheral blood mononuclear cell assay, suggesting the possibility that HIV-1 replication is suppressed during acute dengue fever, as occurs during some cases of scrub typhus infection and measles. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Chiangrai Reg Hosp, Chiangrai, Thailand. RP Watt, G (reprint author), AFRIMS, Dept Retrovirol, APO, AP 96546 USA. NR 10 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1067 EP 1069 DI 10.1086/374600 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 665MK UT WOS:000182124700020 PM 12684921 ER PT J AU Fitzhugh, RD Likens, GE Driscoll, CT Mitchell, MJ Groffman, PM Fahey, TJ Hardy, JP AF Fitzhugh, RD Likens, GE Driscoll, CT Mitchell, MJ Groffman, PM Fahey, TJ Hardy, JP TI Role of soil freezing events in interannual patterns of stream chemistry at the Hubbard Brook experimental forest, New Hampshire SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; INORGANIC NITROGEN; ECOSYSTEM; DYNAMICS; CLIMATE; DEPOSITION; WATERSHEDS; SNOWMELT; LOSSES; FROST AB Soil freezing is a disturbance of the below ground environment, potentially resulting in increased losses of NO3- and surface water acidification. Here, we report the effects of soil freezing on interannual variation in stream chemistry at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Data from 1970 to 1997 of soil frost depth, snow cover, precipitation, air temperature, and stream discharge and chemistry were used in a stepwise linear regression model to select the variables that best predicted deviations of annual stream concentrations from 4-year running averages. Variables quantifying soil freezing severity were selected as significant predictors of short-term fluctuations in stream K+, NO3-, Ca2+, and Mg2+ concentrations from 1970 to 1989, explaining 59 and 47% of the short-term variability in K+ and NO3, respectively. Fine-root mortality and disturbance of root-soil-mic robe interactions, with subsequent effects on decomposition and nutrient uptake, likely contributed to the mobilization of K+ and NO3- to streamwater following severe soil freezing events. The relationship between soil freezing and stream chemistry, however, weakened during the period 1990-1997. Because soil freezing has had inconsistent effects on stream chemistry during the period 1970-1997, it is unclear whether future changes in the frequency, duration, and depth of soil freezing events as the result of changes in the snow cover regime under a warmer climate will have significant impacts on the losses of NO3 and nutrient-base cations from temperate northern ecosystems. C1 Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Fac Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Fitzhugh, RD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave,265 Morrill Hall, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RI Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; OI Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 NR 21 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1575 EP 1580 DI 10.1021/es026189r PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 667GV UT WOS:000182223700015 PM 12731840 ER PT J AU Conder, JM La Point, TW Lotufo, GR Steevens, JA AF Conder, JM La Point, TW Lotufo, GR Steevens, JA TI Nondestructive, minimal-disturbance, direct-burial solid-phase microextraction fiber tecnique for measuring TNT in sediment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BASE-LINE TOXICITY; SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; BODY RESIDUES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CONTACT TIME; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; SOIL; BIOAVAILABILITY; CHEMICALS AB We explored a novel technique to deploy solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers to nondestructively measure the explosive compound 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its nitroaromatic (NA) degradation products in laboratory sediment toxicity tests and field sediments in situ. SPME fibers within steel mesh envelopes were exposed statically via direct burial within sediment. Six fiber types (polymer coatings) were tested. Polyacrylate (PA) SPME fiber was sufficiently durable for this application, yielded the lowest detection limits, and exhibited a linear uptake relationship across toxicologically relevant sediment NA concentrations (100-2000 nmol/g dw (20-500 mug/g dw)). Temperature greatly influenced SPME absorption kinetics. Via evaluation of absorption at different temperatures, recommended sampling times needed to achieve steady-state equilibrium were 48 h for room temperatures (23-25 degreesC) and up to 7 d for cold (5 degreesC) temperatures. Although a comparison of TNT residues by SPIVIEs and TNT bioavailability and toxicity in sediments has not been completed, differences in SPME availability of TNT and its degradation products were found between two different TNT-spiked sediments. Our disposable SPME technique was slightly less expensive and as precise as the conventional extraction for total NAs and may prove to be a powerful exposure evaluation tool for assessing the ecological risk of these compounds. C1 Univ N Texas, Inst Appl Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Conder, JM (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Inst Appl Sci, Dept Biol Sci, POB 310559, Denton, TX 76203 USA. NR 44 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1625 EP 1632 DI 10.1021/es0260770 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 667GV UT WOS:000182223700021 PM 12731846 ER PT J AU Joshi, RP Viswanadha, S Shah, P del Rosario, RD AF Joshi, RP Viswanadha, S Shah, P del Rosario, RD TI Monte Carlo analysis of GaN-based Gunn oscillators for microwave power generation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; WURTZITE GAN; ALGAN/GAN HFETS; BAND-STRUCTURE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTORS; PERFORMANCE; OPERATION AB Monte Carlo studies of transferred electron oscillators based on bulk wurtzite GaN are presented. Two structures have been examined: (i) devices with the conventional single notch structure, and (ii) repetitive structures with serial segments to fashion a "multiple domain" device. Wurtzite material has been chosen because of the higher drift velocity and because analytical expressions for the band structure have recently become available. Performance parameters of interest such as the operating frequency, output power, and conversion efficiency are calculated. Variations due to changes in temperature, biasing voltage, and device length are also included. It is shown that multidomain Gunn diodes can lead to significant improvements in output power over conventional, single-transit structure, and so such multiple GaN diodes merit serious experimental study. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM rjoshi@odu.edu NR 47 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 8 BP 4836 EP 4842 DI 10.1063/1.1562734 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 660YL UT WOS:000181863100073 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Tsokos, GC Farber, DL AF Krishnan, S Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Tsokos, GC Farber, DL TI The FcR gamma subunit and Syk kinase replace the CD3 zeta-chain and ZAP-70 kinase in the TCR signaling complex of human effector CD4 T cells SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE; EPSILON-RI-GAMMA; SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; HUMAN MONOCYTES; EXPRESSION; ASSOCIATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; TRANSDUCTION AB The TCR-mediated signals required to activate resting T cells have been well characterized; however, it is not known how TCR-coupled signals are transduced in differentiated effector T cells that coordinate ongoing immune responses. Here we demonstrate that human effector CD4 T cells up-regulate the expression of the CD3zeta-related FcRgamma signaling subunit that becomes part of an altered TCR/CD3 signaling complex containing CD3is an element of, but not CDzeta3. The TCR/CD3/FcRgamma complex in effector cells recruits and activates the Syk, but not the ZAP-70, tyrosine kinase. This physiologic switch in TCR signaling occurs exclusively in effector, and not naive or memory T cells, suggesting a potential target for manipulation of effector responses in autoimmune, malignant, and infectious diseases. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Farber, DL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Surg, MSTF Bldg,Room 400,685 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI42092, R01AI42269] NR 33 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 170 IS 8 BP 4189 EP 4195 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 666HG UT WOS:000182171100032 PM 12682251 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Cao, G AF Grujicic, M Cao, G TI Reactor length-scale modeling of chemical vapor deposition of carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND; GROWTH; CVD AB Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) of carbon nanotubes from a gas mixture consisting of methane (carbon precursor) and hydrogen (a carrier gas) in the presence of cobalt, nickel or iron catalytic particles in a cylindrical reactor is modeled at the reactor length-scale by solving a continuum-based coupled boundary-layer laminar-flow hydrodynamics, heat-transfer, gas-phase chemistry and surface chemistry problem. The model allows determination of the gas-phase fields for temperature, velocity, and various species as well as the surface-species coverages and the carbon deposition rate. Various available experimental and theoretical assessments are used to construct the necessary database for gas-phase and surface chemistry and gas-phase transport parameters. A reasonably good agreement is found between the model predicted and the experimentally measured carbon nanotubes deposition rates over a relatively large range of processing conditions. (C) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, WMRD AMSRL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu RI Cao, guoxin/A-9790-2012 OI Cao, guoxin/0000-0002-6598-2899 NR 42 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 38 IS 8 BP 1819 EP 1830 DI 10.1023/A:1023252432202 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 665AX UT WOS:000182098400031 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI No visible horizon: Surviving the world's most dangerous sport. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 7 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 672MA UT WOS:000182523400112 ER PT J AU Shih, TM Duniho, SM McDonough, JH AF Shih, TM Duniho, SM McDonough, JH TI Control of nerve agent-induced seizures is critical for neuroprotection and survival SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE organophosphorus compounds; nerve agents; seizures; anticonvulsant; anticholinergic drugs; diazepam; midazolam; neuropathology; survival; lethality ID SOMAN-INDUCED SEIZURES; GUINEA-PIGS; ANTICONVULSANT TREATMENT; INDUCED NEUROPATHOLOGY; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; ATROPINE; DIAZEPAM; EFFICACY; PRIMATES; RATS AB This study evaluated the potency and rapidity of some anticholinergics (atropine, biperiden, and trihexyphenidyl) and benzodiazepines (diazepam and midazolam) as an anticonvulsant treatment against seizures induced by six nerve agents (tabun, sarin, soman, cyclosarin, VR, and VX) and summarized the relationship between anticonvulsant activity and nerve agent-induced lethality and neuropathology. Guinea pigs, previously implanted with cortical electrodes for EEG recording, were pretreated with pyridostigmine bromide (0.026 mg/kg im) 30 min prior to challenge with 2 x LD50 dose (sc) of a given nerve agent; in a separate experiment, animals were challenged with 5 x LD50 sc of soman. One minute after agent challenge the animals were treated im with 2 mg/kg atropine SO4 admixed with 25 mg/kg 2-PAM Cl. Five minutes after the start of EEG seizures, animals were treated im with different doses of anticholinergics or benzodiazepines and observed for seizure termination. The time to seizure onset, the time to seizure termination, and 24-h lethality were recorded. The anticonvulsant ED50 of each drug for termination of seizures induced by each agent was calculated and compared. Brain tissue from animals that survived 24 h was examined for pathology. All drugs were capable of terminating seizure activity, with midazolam and trihexyphenidyl being significantly more potent than the other drugs, and midazolam being more rapid in controlling seizure than atropine, trihexyphenidyl, or diazepam against each agent. Seizures induced by sarin or VX required lower doses of all the test anticonvulsants. The dose of a given drug that was an effective anticonvulsant against a 2x LD50 challenge of soman was equally effective against seizures induced by a 5 x LD50 challenge. All nerve agents were capable of producing neuropathology. Seizure control was strongly associated with protection against acute lethality and brain pathology. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR, UV,PN,Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR, UV,PN,Div Comparat Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Shih, TM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR, UV,PN,Div Pharmacol, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 53 TC 148 Z9 152 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD APR 15 PY 2003 VL 188 IS 2 BP 69 EP 80 DI 10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00019-X PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 669EJ UT WOS:000182338700001 PM 12691725 ER PT J AU Jeong, JB Jun, LJ Yoo, MH Kim, MS Komisar, JL Jeong, HD AF Jeong, JB Jun, LJ Yoo, MH Kim, MS Komisar, JL Jeong, HD TI Characterization of the DNA nucleotide sequences in the genome of red sea bream iridoviruses isolated in Korea SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE iridovirus; red sea bream; DNA homology; gene amplification; cassette ligation-mediated PCR; repetitive element ID MAJOR CAPSID PROTEIN; LYMPHOCYSTIS DISEASE VIRUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FROG VIRUS-3; GENE; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; ELEMENTS; ARRANGEMENT; CLUSTER AB The nucleotide sequences of DNA fragments amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from four different genomic regions of nine red sea bream iridoviruses (RSIVs) isolated from different species of fish, different areas and in different years in Korea were compared with the reported reference sequences. One isolate, RSIV Namhae, showed 100% homology to the reference sequences, while the other eight isolates, which appeared to contain identical nucleotide sequences, showed 96.6-98.9% homology with reference sequences depending upon the target regions of PCR gene amplification. However, differences in nucleotide sequences were not apparent between the RSIVs isolated in different locations, in different years or in different host species. We also cloned and sequenced the 3' end flanking region (K1) of the DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene using the cassette ligation-mediated PCR method. This sequence was 4436-bp long and possessed two open reading frames (ORF-1 and ORF-2) oriented in opposite directions. The putative proteins encoded by these two ORFs could not be characterized by comparison with the proteins of other species in the data banks. The presence of the ribonucleotide reductase small subunit (RNRS) gene at the 3' end of the K1 region allowed us to determine that these two genes, RNRS and DPOL, are separated 5508 bp and oriented in the same direction in the genome of RSIV. Moreover, it is of interest that a PstI-restriction fragment, of which the sequence but not the location within the RSIV genome had previously been reported, is located at nucleotide positions from 1096 to 2054, extending from within the ORF-1 region, spanning the intervening sequence between ORF-1 and ORF-2, and extending into the ORF-2 region. Various repeating sequences up to 86 bp were present at the 3' ends of ORFs, especially within the nucleotide sequences at.the 3' terminus of ORF-2. No similarities were, detected, when the DNA,sequences of the K1 region were compared to the DNA sequences of a repetitive element in the genome of other iridoviruses. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights, reserved. C1 Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Aquat Life Med, Nam Ku, Pusan 608737, South Korea. Natl Fisheries R&D Inst, Cheongpyong Inland Fiseries Res Inst, Kyoung Gi, South Korea. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Jeong, HD (reprint author), Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Aquat Life Med, Nam Ku, 599-1 Dae Yeon Dong, Pusan 608737, South Korea. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 220 IS 1-4 BP 119 EP 133 DI 10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00538-0 PG 15 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 665BE UT WOS:000182099100010 ER PT J AU Daniels, MA Starr, T Lucido, MM Tran, L Hogquist, KA Jameson, SC AF Daniels, MA Starr, T Lucido, MM Tran, L Hogquist, KA Jameson, SC TI CD8 binding to MHC I and T cell sensitivity to antigen are influenced by T cell maturation and glycosylation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Immunologists CY MAY 06-10, 2003 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP American Assoc Immunologists C1 Univ Minnesota, USA, Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 7 SU S BP C120 EP C120 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 669TR UT WOS:000182367000556 ER PT J AU Hart, MA Raymond, J Steele, K Reed, D Pratt, W Bakken, R Barth, J Muhammad, M Pennock, D Robertson, M Whelan, N Lind, C Parker, M AF Hart, MA Raymond, J Steele, K Reed, D Pratt, W Bakken, R Barth, J Muhammad, M Pennock, D Robertson, M Whelan, N Lind, C Parker, M TI Development of an improved vaccine for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Immunologists CY MAY 06-10, 2003 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP American Assoc Immunologists C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USUHS, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 7 SU S BP C26 EP C26 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 669TR UT WOS:000182367000121 ER PT J AU Naseem, SM AF Naseem, SM TI Isolation of porin-like proteins from Burkholderia mallei for possible vaccine candidates SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Immunologists CY MAY 06-10, 2003 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP American Assoc Immunologists C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 7 SU S BP C26 EP C26 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 669TR UT WOS:000182367000124 ER PT J AU Olinger, GG Hogan, RJ Bailey, MA Bakken, R Kuehne, A Hart, MK AF Olinger, GG Hogan, RJ Bailey, MA Bakken, R Kuehne, A Hart, MK TI Identification of ebola virus epitopes recognized by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Immunologists CY MAY 06-10, 2003 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP American Assoc Immunologists C1 Birmingham So Res Inst, Birmingham, AL USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 7 SU S BP C167 EP C167 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 669TR UT WOS:000182367000770 ER PT J AU Peachman, KK Rothwell, SW Palmer, DR Sun, W Alving, CR Rao, M AF Peachman, KK Rothwell, SW Palmer, DR Sun, W Alving, CR Rao, M TI Differential localization of liposomal antigen in macrophages and dendritic cells: role of microtubules in intracellular trafficking SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Immunologists CY MAY 06-10, 2003 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP American Assoc Immunologists C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 7 SU S BP C198 EP C198 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 669TR UT WOS:000182367000918 ER PT J AU Saikh, KU Kissner, TL Sultana, A Dyas, B Tropea, JE Waugh, DS Ulrich, RG AF Saikh, KU Kissner, TL Sultana, A Dyas, B Tropea, JE Waugh, DS Ulrich, RG TI Primary human T-cell responses to virulence determinants of the Yersinia pestis type III secretion system and identification of new vaccine targets SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Immunologists CY MAY 06-10, 2003 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP American Assoc Immunologists C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 7 SU S BP C30 EP C30 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 669TR UT WOS:000182367000139 ER PT J AU Shupp, J Jett, M Ionin, B Pontzer, C AF Shupp, J Jett, M Ionin, B Pontzer, C TI Pathology of SEB toxic shock may be mediated or enhanced by a non-immunological pathway SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Immunologists CY MAY 06-10, 2003 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP American Assoc Immunologists C1 Univ Maryland, CBMG, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 7 SU S BP C22 EP C22 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 669TR UT WOS:000182367000105 ER PT J AU Tenbrock, K Juang, YT Tsokos, GC AF Tenbrock, K Juang, YT Tsokos, GC TI CREM suppresses IL-2 and c-Fos promoter transcription by a chromatin dependent mechanism SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 90th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Immunologists CY MAY 06-10, 2003 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP American Assoc Immunologists C1 MCR, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 17 IS 7 SU S BP C101 EP C101 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 669TR UT WOS:000182367000468 ER PT J AU Kecskes, LJ Woodman, RH AF Kecskes, LJ Woodman, RH TI Effect of powder characteristics on the sinterability of a microwave-plasma-synthesized iron nanopowder SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE nanocrystalline material; powder processing; microscopy; X-ray diffraction; grain growth AB Compacts, made from a microwave-plasma-synthesized Fe nanopowder, were sintered under H-2 at increasing temperatures. Despite its initial nanosize, we did not observe any enhanced, low-temperature sintering behavior with the powder. Using FESEM, XRD, and BET surface area, we found that the primary nanoparticles are aggregated into micrometer-sized dendritic structures that hinder sintering and densification. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Kecskes, LJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, B4600, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM kecskes@arl.army.mil RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR 14 PY 2003 VL 48 IS 8 BP 1041 EP 1046 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00645-0 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 658NA UT WOS:000181726000011 ER PT J AU Hook, GL Kimm, G Koch, D Savage, PB Ding, BW Smith, PA AF Hook, GL Kimm, G Koch, D Savage, PB Ding, BW Smith, PA TI Detection of VX contamination in soil through solid-phase microextraction sampling and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of the VX degradation product bis(diisopropylaminoethyl)disulfide SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE solid-phase microextraction; field analysis; warfare agents; VX; bis(diisopropylaminoethyl)disulfide ID CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; MICROCOLUMN LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS; WATER AB A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) sampling and analysis method was developed for bis(diisopropylaminoethyl)disulfide (a degradation product of the nerve agent VX) in soil. A 30-min sampling time with a polydimethylsiloxane-coated fiber and high temperature alkaline hydrolysis allowed detection with 1.0 mug of VX spiked per g of agricultural soil. The method was successfully used in the field with portable GC-MS instrumentation. This method is relatively rapid (less than I h), avoids the use of complex preparation steps, and enhances analyst safety through limited use of solvents and decontamination of the soil before sampling. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Smith, PA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM psmith@usuhs.mil RI Smith, Philip/A-6835-2009 OI Smith, Philip/0000-0003-3787-9111 NR 27 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 4 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD APR 11 PY 2003 VL 992 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00278-4 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 665XY UT WOS:000182147600001 PM 12735457 ER PT J AU Park, KT Miller, A Klier, K Opila, RL Rowe, JE AF Park, KT Miller, A Klier, K Opila, RL Rowe, JE TI Heteroepitaxial copper phthalocyanine on Au(001) studied by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; angle resolved photoemission; molecular beam epitaxy; low energy electron diffraction (LEED); gold; aromatics; single crystal epitaxy; semiconducting films ID 100 CRYSTAL FACES; PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION; SURFACE RECONSTRUCTIONS; FILMS; PLATINUM; IRIDIUM; METAL; GOLD AB We report the formation of heteroepitaxial copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin film grown on a reconstructed Au(001) surface and the high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study thereof. The deposition of CuPc onto the "5 x 20" reconstructed Au(001) surface at room temperature results in a well-ordered CuPc overlayer. The angle-resolved XPS data reveal that adsorbed CuPc is molecular and stoichiometric. The low energy electron diffraction (LEED) further shows that the overlayer is incommensurate to the substrate with its square unit mesh measured approximately 12.7 Angstrom by 12.7 Angstrom along <110> and <110> of the substrate. From the combined XPS and LEED data, a model of one flat-lying CuPc molecule per unit cell, which is different from the structures of the well-known alpha- and beta-polymorphs, is proposed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Baylor Univ, Dept Phys, Waco, TX 76798 USA. Lehigh Univ, Zettlemoyer Ctr Surface Studies, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Park, KT (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Phys, POB 97316, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM kenneth_park@baylor.edu NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD APR 10 PY 2003 VL 529 IS 3 BP L285 EP L292 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00274-7 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 666TL UT WOS:000182192500007 ER PT J AU Cheng, S Wei, Y Feng, QW Qiu, KY Pang, JB Jansen, SA Yin, R Ong, K AF Cheng, S Wei, Y Feng, QW Qiu, KY Pang, JB Jansen, SA Yin, R Ong, K TI Facile synthesis of mesoporous gold-silica nanocomposite materials via sol-gel process with nonsurfactant templates SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-SIEVES; COLLOIDAL GOLD; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; COATING FILMS; NANOPARTICLES; SPECTROSCOPY; AEROGELS; SIZE; NANOCLUSTERS; SURFACTANTS AB Mesoporous gold-silica nanocomposites have been synthesized through simple one-step sol-gel reactions of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) with a gold sol in the presence of dibenzoyl tartaric acid (DBTA) as a nonsurfactant template. The gold nanoparticles were incorporated into the three-dimensional silica network through the sol-gel process to afford monolithic crack-free DBTA-containing gold-silica gels. After removal of DBTA by calcination at 550 degreesC, annealed mesoporous gold-silica nanocomposites were obtained. The pore structure parameters were investigated by means of nitrogen sorption isotherm, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the mesoporous structure of the gold-silica nanocomposites has high surface areas up to 630 m(2)/g, large pore volume of similar to0.5 cm(3)/g, and pore diameters of 3-4 mn with relatively narrow pore size distributions. With use of energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental analysis, the compositions of the gold-silica composite materials were quantitatively measured. The effects of gold content on the pore parameters have been addressed. The TEM and X-ray mapping images show that gold particles in the range of 2-8 nm are homogeneously distributed throughout the silica matrixes for all the samples. The surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles was also investigated. C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Peking Univ, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Temple Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wei, Y (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Chem, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Wei, Yen/H-5329-2012 NR 50 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD APR 8 PY 2003 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1560 EP 1566 DI 10.1021/cm0202106 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 663ZE UT WOS:000182036600023 ER PT J AU Tolcher, AW Gerson, SL Denis, L Geyer, C Hammond, LA Patnaik, A Goetz, AD Schwartz, G Edwards, T Reyderman, L Statkevich, P Cutler, DL Rowinsky, EK AF Tolcher, AW Gerson, SL Denis, L Geyer, C Hammond, LA Patnaik, A Goetz, AD Schwartz, G Edwards, T Reyderman, L Statkevich, P Cutler, DL Rowinsky, EK TI Marked inactivation of O-6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity with protracted temozolomide schedules SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID PHASE-I TRIAL; HUMAN O-6-METHYLGUANINE-DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; DNA-REPAIR; ANTITUMOR IMIDAZOTETRAZINES; ALKYLATING-AGENTS; O6-ALKYLGUANINE-DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; TUMOR XENOGRAFTS; TRANSGENIC MICE AB Temozolomide, an oral DNA methylator that inactivates the DNA repair enzyme O-6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGAT), has demonstrated anticancer activity on protracted schedules. Protracted schedules may lead to an 'autoenhancement' of temozolomide's inherent cytotoxic potential by cumulative reduction of the cell's capacity for AGAT-mediated DNA repair and resistance. This study was undertaken to characterise AGAT inactivation and regeneration in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients treated on two protracted temozolomide schedules. O-6-alkyl guanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity was measured in the PBMCs of patients treated on two phase I protracted temozolomide studies. Patients were treated daily for either 7 days every 2 weeks (Schedule A) or 21 days every 4 weeks (Schedule B). The effects of various temozolomide doses (75175 mg m(-2)), treatment duration (7-21 days), and temozolomide plasma levels on AGAT inactivation and regeneration, as well as the relation between AGAT inactivation and toxicity, were studied. O-6-alkyl guanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity in PBMCs was measured serially in 52 patients. Marked inactivation of AGAT occurred following 7 days of temozolomide treatment, with mean AGAT activity decreasing by 72% (P < 0.0001). Similarly, mean AGAT activity decreased by 63 and 73% after 14 and 21 days of treatment, respectively (P < 0.001 for both comparisons). O-6-alkyl guanine-DNA alkyltransferase inactivation was greater after 7 days of treatment with higher doses of temozolomide than lower doses and remained markedly reduced 7 days post-treatment. However, AGAT inactivation following temozolomide treatment for 14 and 21 days was similar at all doses. On the continuous 21-day schedule, AGAT inactivation was significantly greater in patients who experienced severe thrombocytopenia than those who did not (90.3 +/- 5.5 vs 72.5 +/- 16.1 %, P < 0.045). In Conclusion, protracted administration of temozolomide, even at relatively low daily doses, leads to significant and prolonged depletion of AGAT activity, which may enhance the antitumour activity of the agent. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Med Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Joe Arrington Canc Ctr, Lubbock, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Schering Plough Corp, Res Inst, Kenilworth, NJ 07033 USA. RP Tolcher, AW (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach Rd,Suite 414, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 36 TC 240 Z9 249 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD APR 7 PY 2003 VL 88 IS 7 BP 1004 EP 1011 DI 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600827 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 674XW UT WOS:000182663700004 PM 12671695 ER PT J AU Tassaneetrithep, B Burgess, TH Granelli-Piperno, A Trumpfherer, C Finke, J Sun, W Eller, MA Pattanapanyasat, K Sarasombath, S Birx, DL Steinman, RM Schlesinger, S Marovich, MA AF Tassaneetrithep, B Burgess, TH Granelli-Piperno, A Trumpfherer, C Finke, J Sun, W Eller, MA Pattanapanyasat, K Sarasombath, S Birx, DL Steinman, RM Schlesinger, S Marovich, MA TI DC-SIGN (CD209) mediates dengue virus infection of human dendritic cells SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE receptor; flavivirus; lectin; antigen-presenting cells; virus receptor ID SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; TRANS-INFECTION; ENTRY; ENHANCEMENT; PROTEIN; BINDING; TRANSMISSION; EXPRESSION AB Dengue virus is a single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus that productively infects human dendritic cells (DCs) primarily at the immature stage of their differentiation. We now find that all four serotypes of dengue use DC-SIGN (CD209), a C-type lectin, to infect dendritic cells. THP-1 cells become susceptible to dengue infection after transfection of DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), or its homologue L-SIGN, whereas the infection of dendritic cells is blocked by anti-DC-SIGN antibodies and not by antibodies to other molecules on these cells. Viruses produced by dendritic cells are infections for DC-SIGN- and L-SIGN-bearing THP-1 cells and other permissive cell lines. Therefore, DC-SIGN may be considered as a new target for designing therapies that block dengue infection. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med Dis, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Dept Virus Dis, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Rockefeller Univ, Cellular Physiol & Immunol Lab, New York, NY 10021 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Mahidol Univ, Div Instruments Res, Med Siriraj Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Dept Immunol, Med Siriraj Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. RP Marovich, MA (reprint author), 13 Taft Ct,Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI Steinman, Ralph/F-7729-2012 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI40045, AI40874, N01AI40045, R01 AI040874] NR 39 TC 456 Z9 484 U1 3 U2 29 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD APR 7 PY 2003 VL 197 IS 7 BP 823 EP 829 DI 10.1084/jem.20021840 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 665WT UT WOS:000182144800003 PM 12682107 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determinations of tetraethynylsilane SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra ID CHEMICAL VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ORGANO-SILICON COMPOUNDS; SIXC1-X(H) AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of Si(CCH)(4) are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. Each of the vibrational modes was assigned to one of six types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (Si-C stretch, Cequivalent toC stretch, C-H stretch, Cequivalent toC-H bend, Si-Cequivalent toc bend, and C-Si-C bend) utilizing the T-d symmetry of the molecule. A set of uniform scaling factors was derived for each type of motion. Predicted infrared and Raman intensities are reported. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD APR 4 PY 2003 VL 623 BP 253 EP 262 AR PII S0166-1280(02)00743-1 DI 10.1016/S0166-1280(02)00743-1 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 654YC UT WOS:000181523700029 ER PT J AU Banks, HD AF Banks, HD TI A computational study to elucidate the extraordinary reactivity of three-membered heterocycles in nucleophilic substitution reactions SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MENSHUTKIN REACTION; STRAIN; CHARGE; MOLECULES; SOLVATION; DYNAMICS; ATOMS AB The accelerated rates of small-membered heterocycles relative to acyclic analogues are typically rationalized solely in terms of relief of ring strain. The relative rates of attack of ammonia on oxirane, oxetane, thiirane, and thietane were determined computationally in the gas phase at the MP2(Full)/6-31+G(d) level with respect to the model acyclic compounds methoxyethane and thiomethylethane. Because the cyclic ether and thioether pairs have very similar strain energies, they should react at similar rates by the S(N)2 mechanism if the degree of strain energy release in the transition state is approximately equal. The reactivity of the four-membered rings could be explained almost entirely by relief of strain. The three-membered rings reacted at rates at least 106 times faster than calculated from ring strain considerations alone. The electronic distribution of the transition states was determined using AIM methodology and found to indicate that bond cleavage was virtually complete, while bond formation was incomplete. Calculation of atomic charges by the Mulliken, AIM, CHELPG, and NBO methods indicated that positive charge at the reaction center was significantly lower for the three-membered rings than other members of the series. A simple electrostatic model identified differences in energy sufficient to account for the observed rate acceleration. The unique topological features of a three-membered ring make it possible for the partially negatively charged oxygen or sulfur to reduce the positive charge on the reaction center. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Banks, HD (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 56 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD APR 4 PY 2003 VL 68 IS 7 BP 2639 EP 2644 DI 10.1021/jo0268411 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 662NM UT WOS:000181953700013 PM 12662033 ER PT J AU Gilliam, SJ Kirkby, SJ Merrow, CN Zeroka, D Banerjee, A Jensen, JO AF Gilliam, SJ Kirkby, SJ Merrow, CN Zeroka, D Banerjee, A Jensen, JO TI Raman spectroscopy of rhombohedral P4O10 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID INFRARED-SPECTRA; PHOSPHATE-GLASSES; PHASE-TRANSITION; CRYSTALS; PRODUCTS; CLUSTERS; OXIDES AB A complete Raman vibrational analysis has been performed on phase-pure rhombohedral phosphorus pentoxide (P4O10)) at room temperature. The "molecular" T-d symmetry is reduced to C-3, symmetry when bound in the rhombohedral crystalline lattice. Therefore. the 15 fundamental modes of vibration irreducibly represented as Gamma(vib) = 3A(1) + 3E + 3T(1) + 6T(2) reduce to 21 fundamental modes with a factor group analysis resulting in Gamma(vib) = 9A(1) + 12E for the irreducible representation, all of which are Raman active. Complete vibrational assignments and relative intensities. including all T, to E and A, splittings, are reported, Five new E fundamentals (262. 329 419, 829. and 846 cm(-1)) in the C-3nu, symmetry were observed. All peaks show good agreement with theoretical calculations. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Merrow, CN (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD APR 3 PY 2003 VL 107 IS 13 BP 2892 EP 2896 DI 10.1021/jp0278541 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 662AC UT WOS:000181922300005 ER PT J AU Lange, JL Lesikar, SE Rubertone, MV Brundage, JF AF Lange, JL Lesikar, SE Rubertone, MV Brundage, JF TI Comprehensive systematic surveillance for adverse effects of Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed, US Armed Forces, 1998-2000 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE surveillance; anthrax vaccine; safety ID MILITARY SERVICE MEMBERS; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; GULF-WAR; SAFETY; HEALTH; THREAT; EVENTS; VAERS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; MANAGEMENT AB Routine vaccinations of US military personnel with Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed began in 1998. To systematically identify clinical diagnoses reported more frequently after vaccination than before, all military personnel were retrospectively assigned to pre- or post-vaccination cohorts. Cohort assignments were based on vaccination statuses each day of the 3-year surveillance period. For each cohort, rates of hospitalizations and ambulatory visits for 843 specific diagnoses were calculated using data in a public health surveillance system. Compared to the pre-vaccination cohort, the post-vaccination cohort had statistically higher rates of hospitalizations for 17 diagnoses, of ambulatory visits for 34 diagnoses, and in both clinical settings for one diagnosis (malaria). After accounting for systematic differences in coding/reporting and residual confounding, the number and nature of clinical diagnoses more frequent after anthrax vaccination than before were consistent with expectations due to random variation. This surveillance suggests that Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed has few, if any, clinically significant adverse effects. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Army Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brundage, JF (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Army Med Surveillance Act, Bldg T-20,Room 213,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 37 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 2 PY 2003 VL 21 IS 15 BP 1620 EP 1628 AR PII S0264-410X(02)00723-5 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(02)00723-5 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 663LX UT WOS:000182008000008 PM 12639483 ER PT J AU Chuenchitra, T Wasi, C Louisirirojchanakul, S Nitayaphan, S Sutthent, R Cox, JH De Souza, MS Brown, AE Birx, DL Polonis, VR AF Chuenchitra, T Wasi, C Louisirirojchanakul, S Nitayaphan, S Sutthent, R Cox, JH De Souza, MS Brown, AE Birx, DL Polonis, VR TI Longitudinal study of humoral immune responses in HIV type 1 subtype CRF01_AE (E)-infected Thai patients with different rates of disease progression SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; DEPENDENT CELLULAR CYTOTOXICITY; LONG-TERM NONPROGRESSORS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; AIDS PATIENTS; HTLV-III; HIV-1-INFECTED SUBJECTS; V3-SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES; INFECTED PATIENTS AB Identification of immune correlates associated with disease progression will provide information for HIV-1 vaccine design in countries such as Thailand, where the prevalent subtypes (B and CRF01_AE [E]) are characterized. In this study, plasma viral load and humoral immune responses were measured in 20 HIV-1 subtype E-infected Thai patients with different rates of disease progression, based on CD4(+) T cell decline and clinical symptoms. Nine progressors (PRs) and 11 slower progressors (SPs) were evaluated. CD4(+) T cell counts were inversely correlated with viral load (p = 0.004) and positively correlated with p24 Ab (p = 0.022). In progressors, p24 Ab showed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) over time. V3 and gp41 Ab did not change significantly in either group. Both CD4-binding site (CD4/gp120BS) and gp120 titers correlated positively with neutralizing antibody (NAb) against both a subtype E cell line-adapted virus (NP03) and a primary isolate (TH023). However, V3 Ab correlated only with NAb against NP03 (p < 0.001). Increased NAb over time was observed more frequently in SPs as compared with PRs, against both the TH023 (p = 0.004) and NP03 (p = 0.004) viruses. Cross-clade antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was demonstrated in both groups. These data suggest that in HIV-1 subtype E infection, declining p24 Ab titer is a predictive marker of disease progression, as described for subtype B. Furthermore, in subtype E-infected patients, slower progressors retain the immune competence to develop new antibody responses to Env over time; these evolving responses may contribute to prolonged survival during HIV-1 disease progression. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Polonis, VR (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, Suite 200,13 Taft Court, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 61 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 293 EP 305 DI 10.1089/088922203764969492 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 672EW UT WOS:000182509100005 PM 12804005 ER PT J AU Carrion, G Hierholzer, J Montano, S Alava, A Perez, J Guevara, A Laguna-Torres, V Mosquera, C Russell, K Cruz, C Chauca, G Kochel, T Birx, DL Sanchez, JL Carr, JK AF Carrion, G Hierholzer, J Montano, S Alava, A Perez, J Guevara, A Laguna-Torres, V Mosquera, C Russell, K Cruz, C Chauca, G Kochel, T Birx, DL Sanchez, JL Carr, JK TI Circulating recombinant form CRF02_AG in South America SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HIV TYPE-1; SUBTYPE-A; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NIGERIA; IDENTIFICATION; PREDOMINANCE; AFRICA AB With the objective of monitoring the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) in South America, population-based surveillance studies were performed in seven countries. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, filter paper, fresh blood, and cocultivation samples were collected from HIV-positive patients from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay, during a 7-year period (1995-2001). DNA was prepared and HIV envelope subtypes were determined by heteroduplex mobility assay and DNA sequencing from 1289 HIV-positive samples. While subtypes B and F were the most commonly observed subtypes, two CRF02_AG strains were detected, in Ecuador. This is the first report of the existence of this CRF in South America. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Inst Hyg, Guayaquil, Ecuador. Hosp Vozandes, Clin Invest Lab, Quito, Ecuador. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Amer Embassy NMRCD, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. RP Carrion, G (reprint author), Amer Embassy NMRCD, Unit 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 4 BP 329 EP 332 DI 10.1089/088922203764969537 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 672EW UT WOS:000182509100009 PM 12816083 ER PT J AU Shry, EA Eckart, RE Winslow, JB Rollefson, WA Simpson, DE AF Shry, EA Eckart, RE Winslow, JB Rollefson, WA Simpson, DE TI Effect of monitoring of physician performance on door-to-ballon time for primary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OUTCOMES C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, MCHE, MDC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Shry, EA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, MCHE, MDC, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD APR 1 PY 2003 VL 91 IS 7 BP 867 EP 869 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(03)00022-5 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 663EY UT WOS:000181994300014 PM 12667574 ER PT J AU Lincoln, AE Smith, GS Amoroso, PJ Bell, NS AF Lincoln, AE Smith, GS Amoroso, PJ Bell, NS TI The effect of cigarette smoking on musculoskeletal-related disability SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 127th Annual Meeting of the American-Public-Health-Association CY NOV 07-11, 1999 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Publ Hlth Assoc DE disability; musculoskeletal disorders; smoking; cohort; survival analysis; army ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME; SELF-REPORTED DRINKING; WORKERS-COMPENSATION; SOCIOECONOMIC-FACTORS; PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; INJURY; POPULATION AB Background This study describes cigarette smoking's effect on development of physical disability following initial musculoskeletal-related hospitalization. Methods We followed 15,140 US Army personnel hospitalizedfor common musculoskeletal disorders between 1989-1996 for up to 8 years (1997) to assess risk for long-term physical disability. Results Trends between increased smoking level and long-term disability were identified for persons with knee injuries, rotator cuff injuries, and intervertebral disc displacement. Inproportional hazards models, disability was significantly associated with heavy smoking among all subjects (relative hazard (RH) = 1.21). Both heavy smokers (RH = 1.49) and light to moderate smokers (RH = 1.44) were at greater risk for disability following meniscal injuries. Excess fraction due to smoking among subjects with meniscal injuries who currently smoke was 38%. Conclusions Findings suggest an association between smoking and development of disabilityfollowing meniscal injury. Given the high excessfraction ofdisability associated with smoking, other studies are needed to confirm this association. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger). C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, War Related Illness & Injury Study Ctr, Washington, DC 20422 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD USA. Liberty Mutual Ctr Safety Res, Hopkinton, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Social Sectors Dev Strategies Inc, Natick, MA USA. RP Lincoln, AE (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, War Related Illness & Injury Study Ctr, Mail Stop 11,50 Irving St,NW, Washington, DC 20422 USA. OI Smith, Gordon/0000-0002-2911-3071 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA011407-05, R29 AA011407, R29 AA011407-03, 1 R29 AA0770, 1R29 AA11407, R01 AA011407, R01 AA011407-04, R29 AA011407-02]; NIOSH CDC HHS [5 R01 OH 03703-02, R01 OH003703]; ODCDC CDC HHS [T42/CCT310419] NR 91 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 43 IS 4 BP 337 EP 349 DI 10.1002/ajim.10195 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 662VR UT WOS:000181970000001 PM 12645091 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Reynolds, JC Trespalacios, FC Cruess, D Agodoa, LY AF Abbott, KC Reynolds, JC Trespalacios, FC Cruess, D Agodoa, LY TI Survival by time of day of hemodialysis: Analysis of United States Renal Data System Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Waves III/IV SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE morning shift hemodialysis (HD); evening shift hemodialysis (HD); time of day; hemodialysis (HD); US Renal Data System (USRDS); survival ID MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS; DISEASE PATIENTS; VASCULAR ACCESS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; INCREASED RISK; ASSOCIATION; PATIENTS/; PRODUCT; COHORT; DEATH AB Background. Whether morning shift hemodialysis is associated with improved survival in comparison to patients receiving afternoon shift hemodialysis has not been shown for a representative sample of US chronic hemodialysis patients. Methods: We conducted a historical cohort study of a national database (US Renal Data System Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Waves III/IV) of 6,939 patients who started hemodialysis therapy from January 1, 1990, through December 31,1993. Patients were followed up through April 9,2000, and censored at the time of change to a different modality, including transplantation. We estimated the adjusted hazard ratio for all-cause mortality based on the time of day of hemodialysis (0500 to 1200 for morning shift, 1200 to 1800 for afternoon shift, 1800 to midnight for evening shift). Cox regression analysis was used to adjust for other factors associated with survival. Results: For patients aged 60 years and older, the unadjusted 4-year survival rate for patients on morning shift hemodialysis was 28.8% versus 24.1% for patients on afternoon shift hemodialysis and 38.7% for patients on evening shift hemodialysis (P < 0.01 by log-rank test for both versus afternoon shift hemodialysis). Both morning shift (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 0.98; P = 0.02) and evening shift hemodialysis (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.80; P less than or equal to 0.001) were independently associated with a lower risk for mortality compared with afternoon shift hemodialysis. No such differences were seen for patients younger than 60 years. Both morning shift and evening shift hemodialysis were independently associated with improved survival compared with afternoon shift hemodialysis in elderly chronic hemodialysis patients. No such association was found for younger patients. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. USA Nephrol Serv, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 BP 796 EP 806 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00027-1 PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 675EG UT WOS:000182679600011 PM 12666066 ER PT J AU DeNunzio, T Moran, K Fraser, S AF DeNunzio, T Moran, K Fraser, S TI Severe nephrotoxicity associate with combined gentamicin and cefepime therapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Clinical Meeting of the National-Kidney-Foundation CY APR 02-06, 2003 CL DALLAS, TEXAS SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 MA 23 BP A17 EP A17 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 675EG UT WOS:000182679600052 ER PT J AU Lee, JY Abbott, K Reed, W AF Lee, JY Abbott, K Reed, W TI Hand atrophy associated with arteriovenous fistula placement SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Clinical Meeting of the National-Kidney-Foundation CY APR 02-06, 2003 CL DALLAS, TEXAS SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 MA 53 BP A25 EP A25 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 675EG UT WOS:000182679600082 ER PT J AU Simon, J Mong, D Kobert, J AF Simon, J Mong, D Kobert, J TI Concurrent beer potomania and SIADH in a 47-year-old white male. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Clinical Meeting of the National-Kidney-Foundation CY APR 02-06, 2003 CL DALLAS, TEXAS SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 MA 91 BP A34 EP A34 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 675EG UT WOS:000182679600120 ER PT J AU Arday, DR Milton, MH Husten, CG Haffer, SC Wheeless, SC Jones, SM Johnson, RE AF Arday, DR Milton, MH Husten, CG Haffer, SC Wheeless, SC Jones, SM Johnson, RE TI Smoking and functional status among Medicare managed care enrollees SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; UNITED-STATES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; HEALTH SURVEY; OLDER ADULTS; EX-SMOKERS; OUTCOMES; POPULATION; CESSATION; IMPACT AB Background: Smoking is a major determinant of health status and outcomes. Current smoking has been associated with lower scores on the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). Whether this occurs among the elderly and disabled Medicare populations is not known. This study assessed the relationships between smoking status and both physical and mental functioning in the Medicare managed-care population. Methods: During the spring of 1998, data were collected from 134,309 elderly and 8640 disabled Medicare beneficiaries for Cohort 1, Round 1 of the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey. We subsequently used these data to calculate mean standardized SF-36 scores, self-reported health status, and prevalence of smoking-related illness, by smoking status, after adjusting for demographic factors. Results: Among the disabled, everyday and someday smokers had lower standardized physical component (PCS) and mental component (MCS) scores than never smokers (-2.4 to -4.5 points; p <0.01 for all). Among the elderly, the lowest PCS and MCS scores were seen among recent quitters (-5.1 and -3.7 points, respectively, below those for never smokers; p <0.01 for both), but current smokers also had significantly lower scores on both scales. For the elderly and disabled populations, MCS scores of long-term quitters were the same as nonsmokers. Similar patterns were seen across all eight SF-36 scales. Ever smokers had higher odds of reporting both less-than-good health and a history of smoking-related chronic disease. Conclusions: In the elderly and disabled Medicare populations, smokers report worse physical and mental functional status than never smokers. Long-term quitters have better functional status than those who still smoke. More effort should be directed at helping elderly smokers to quit earlier. Smoking cessation has implications for improving both survival and functional status. C1 CDC, NCCDPHP, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. USA, Army Med Surveillance Act, Div Epidemiol & Dis Surveillance, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Serv, Ctr Beneficiary Choices, Qual Measurement & Hlth Assessment Grp, Baltimore, MD USA. Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Milton, MH (reprint author), CDC, NCCDPHP, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 234 EP 241 DI 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00643-8 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 667CR UT WOS:000182213700004 PM 12657341 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Schenkman, N Swanson, SJ Agodoa, LY AF Abbott, KC Schenkman, N Swanson, SJ Agodoa, LY TI Hospitalized nephrolithiasis after renal transplantation in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE complications; extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL); female; National Center for Health Statistics; nephrolithiasis; percutaneous nephrolithotripsy; stones; ureteroscopy; United States Renal Data System (USRDS) ID UROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS; KIDNEY; UROLITHIASIS; FAILURE; RISK AB The national incidence of and risk factors for hospitalized nephrolithiasis (NEP) in renal transplant (RT) recipients has not been reported. We conducted a historical cohort study of 42096 RT recipients in the United States Renal Data System between 1 July 1994 and 30 June 1998. The 1-year incidence of NEP (ICD-9 codes 592.x) after RT in 1997 was compared to the rate of NEP in the general population using the National Hospital Discharge Survey. Associations with time to hospitalizations for a primary diagnosis of nephrolithiasis were assessed by Cox Regression. NEP was uncommon after RT (104 cases per 100000 person years in 1997). However, females, but not males, had a statistically significant increased risk of NEP compared to the general population (rate ratio for females, 2.84, 95% confidence interval, 2.35-3.58). Kidney stones were more common than ureteral stones, and percutaneous procedures were more common than ureteroscopy or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The only risk factor identified for NEP was renal failure due to stone disease (only one case). NEP was uncommon after RT, but was still more common than in the general population. We identified differences in the presentation and management of NEP after RT in comparison to the general population. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 21 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD APR PY 2003 VL 3 IS 4 BP 465 EP 470 DI 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.00080.x PG 6 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 674WK UT WOS:000182660000015 PM 12694070 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Reynolds, JC Taylor, AJ Agodoa, LY AF Abbott, KC Reynolds, JC Taylor, AJ Agodoa, LY TI Hospitalized atrial fibrillation after renal transplantation in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE atrial fibrillation; complications; graft loss; hospitalization; hypertension; obesity; rejection; United States Renal Data System (USRDS) ID CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; CYCLOSPORINE MICROEMULSION; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; TACROLIMUS; HYPERTROPHY; PREVALENCE AB Renal transplant recipients have a high incidence of hypertension, a known risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), as well as factors that could increase their risk of AF. However, the incidence of, risk factors for, and mortality associated with AF after renal transplantation have not been reported. We present a historical cohort study of 39628 renal transplant recipients in the United States Renal Data System between 1 July 1994 and 30 June 1998. Data source: USRDS files through May 2000. Associations with hospitalizations for a primary diagnosis of AF (ICD-9 codes 427.31) after renal transplant were assessed by Cox Regression analysis. Tacrolimus was not approved for use by the FDA during the time-frame of the study. The incidence of AF after renal transplantation was 5.8 episodes/1000 person-years. In Cox Regression analysis, recipients who were older age, experienced graft loss, rejection, had higher body mass index, renal failure due to hypertension, and cyclosporine use (vs. tacrolimus use) were associated with increased risk of hospitalized AF. Atrial fibrillation was not uncommon after renal transplantation, and was associated with increased risk of mortality, primarily from cardiovascular disease. The strongest risk factors for AF after renal transplantation were older age, allograft rejection, graft loss and obesity. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 30 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD APR PY 2003 VL 3 IS 4 BP 471 EP 476 DI 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.00071.x PG 6 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 674WK UT WOS:000182660000016 PM 12694071 ER PT J AU Putnak, R Fuller, J Vanderzanden, L Innis, BL Vaughn, DW AF Putnak, R Fuller, J Vanderzanden, L Innis, BL Vaughn, DW TI Vaccination of rhesus macaques against dengue-2 virus with a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the viral pre-membrane and envelope genes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; MICE; PROTECTION; IMMUNOGENICITY; LIVE; IMMUNIZATION; ENCEPHALITIS; SURFACE; PROTEIN; HUMANS AB A nucleic acid vaccine for dengue-2 virus was developed, consisting of a plasmid DNA vector with the pre-membrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes expressed from a cytomegalovirus promoter. The DNA was adsorbed onto gold microspheres for administration by a gene gun. Expression was demonstrated by transfection of mouse cells in culture where the prM and E antigens were detected intracellularly, and the E antigen was detected in the culture supernatant fluid, similar to a natural infection. The vaccine elicited neutralizing antibodies to dengue-2 virus and antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in mice. Several vaccination regimens were evaluated in rhesus macaques for the ability to elicit neutralizing antibodies and protect against viremia after challenge with live dengue-2 virus. Neutralizing antibodies were measured in three of three animals that received four 2-mug doses of DNA and in two of six animals that received two 1-mug doses. No antibodies were detected in three animals that received a single 1-mug dose. When dengue virus challenge was performed one month after vaccination, the three animals that received four 2-mug doses exhibited 0, 0, and 1 day of viremia compared with unimmunized controls which exhibited 4, 4, and 6 days of viremia. Three animals that received two 1-mug doses also exhibited 0, 0, and I day of viremia, whereas three animals that received a single 1-mug dose exhibited 2, 3, and 5 days of viremia compared with unimmunized controls, which exhibited 4 days of viremia each. When challenge was performed 7 months after vaccination, three animals that received two 1-mug doses exhibited 0, 3, and 5 days of viremia compared with unimmunized controls, which exhibited 4, 5, and 9 days of viremia. These results suggest that a regimen consisting of two 1-mug doses of DNA can confer satisfactory protection at one month, but not at seven months, after vaccination. Long-term protection following DNA vaccination may require revaccination, higher doses of DNA, or a vaccine that contains additional epitopes or adjuvants. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Powderject Vaccines Inc, Madison, WI 53711 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Putnak, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Suite 3A12,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 34 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 BP 469 EP 476 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 670RX UT WOS:000182423600021 PM 12875299 ER PT J AU Aronoff, DM Watt, G AF Aronoff, DM Watt, G TI Prevalence of relative bradycardia in Orientia tsutsugamushi infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DISEASES; FEVER; TRIAL AB We investigated 100 febrile patients infected with Orientia tsutsitgamushi (the etiologic agent of scrub typhus) for the presence of relative bradycardia, defined as in increase in heart rate of < 10 beats/minutes/1degreesC increase in temperature. The median heart rate response for the entire febrile scrub typhus population was 9.3 beats/minute/degreesC and the prevalence of relative bradycardia was 53%. The occurrence of relative bradycardia was independent of patient age or gender. There were no differences in median basal temperature or febrile temperature between those patients exhibiting relative bradycardia and those with a normal febrile pulse increase. However, febrile patients with relative bradycardia had a significantly higher resting pulse rate following recovery from infection than did patients who had a normal pulse increase during their illness. These data demonstrate that relative bradycardia frequently accompanies mild infection with O. tsutsugamushi and that baseline cardiovascular parameters may affect the febrile heart rate response to scrub typhus. C1 Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Retrovirol Dept, US Army Mil Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Aronoff, DM (reprint author), Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, 6301 MSRB 3,1150 W Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 BP 477 EP 479 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 670RX UT WOS:000182423600022 PM 12875300 ER PT J AU Richards, AL Ratiwayanto, S Rahardjo, E Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Fryauff, DJ Bangs, MJ AF Richards, AL Ratiwayanto, S Rahardjo, E Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Fryauff, DJ Bangs, MJ TI Serologic evidence of infection with ehrlichiae and spotted fever group rickettsiae among residents of Gag Island, Indonesia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ETIOLOGIC AGENT; MURINE TYPHUS; IRIAN-JAYA; THAILAND; HUMANS; TICKS; JAPAN AB The causative agents of scrub and murine typhus are considered endemic to Indonesia. However, the presence of spotted fever group rickettsiae and ehrlichiae have not been previously described in this country. During an investigation of arthropod-borne diseases on Gag Island, located northwest of the island of New Guinea in eastern Indonesia, the prevalence of antibody to the etiologic agents of monocytic ehrlichiosis, spotted fever rickettsiosis, and scrub and murine typhus were determined. Analysis of 55 blood samples from residents of Gag Island showed seroreactivity to antigen preparations of Ehrlichia chaffeensis (7 of 48, 14.6%), two spotted fever group rickettsiae: Rickettsia rickettsii (5 of 48, 10.4%) and R. conorii (10 of 49, 20.4%), Orientia tsutsugamushi (5 of 53, 9.4%), and R. typhi (I of 48, 2.1% [by an indirect immunofluorescence assay] and 1 of 50, 2.0% [by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]). These results show serologic evidence of infection with ehrlichiae and spotted fever group rickettsiae for the first time in Indonesia in a location where the prevalence of antibody to O. tsutsugamushi and R. typhi was lower. C1 USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Communicable Dis Res Ctr, Jakarta, Indonesia. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Rickettsial Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 53 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 BP 480 EP 484 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 670RX UT WOS:000182423600023 PM 12875301 ER PT J AU Yankielun, NE Clark, JH AF Yankielun, NE Clark, JH TI Development of an instrument to electronically measure, record, and image washover of a towed body SO APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE washover; towed body; visualization AB Washover is the condition of occasional, partial, or complete inundation of the surface of a body floating in water. Washover is typically caused by wave and wind action. A knowledge of the three-dimensional spatial and temporal parameters of seawater washover of low-profile towed bodies, buoys, and other maritime towed, tethered, and free-floating bodies is extremely helpful in the understanding and improving of their hydrostatic and hydrodynamic performance under a wide variety of sea states. Here we discuss the theory, implementation, and initial testing of a newly developed electromagnetic measurement technique and system (patent pending). This system provides real-time three-dimensional spatial and temporal detection, measurement, and visualization of washover. Data can be acquired and displayed in real time, as well as stored for later post-processing and analysis. The system has been successfully tested in a seawater wave tank and shows promise for open-ocean washover testing of low-profile buoyant towed bodies. This washover assessment measuring system is expected to provide an empirically based benchmarking process for computational fluid dynamic assessments of turbulent flow around arbitrarily shaped surface-towed bodies. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. USN, Undersea Warfare Ctr, Div Newport, Newport, RI 02841 USA. RP Yankielun, NE (reprint author), US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-1187 J9 APPL OCEAN RES JI Appl. Ocean Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 25 IS 2 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1016/S0141-1187(03)00045-2 PG 8 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA 723NB UT WOS:000185437500004 ER PT J AU Eng, G Song, XQ Duong, QY Strickman, D Glass, J May, L AF Eng, G Song, XQ Duong, QY Strickman, D Glass, J May, L TI Synthesis, structure characterization and insecticidal activity of some triorganotin dithiocarbamates SO APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Anopheles step4ensi; dithiocarbarnate; IR; larvae; mosquito; Mossbauer; NMR; QSAR; structure; toxicity; triorganotin ID RESISTANCE; MOSQUITO; CRYSTAL; LARVAE; C-13 AB A series of triorganotin dithiocarbamates R3SnS2CNR2' (R = Cy, Ph, NR2' = NEt2, N(n-Bu)(2), N(i-Bu)(2), N(n-Pr)(2), N(CH2)(5), NH(n-Pr), NH(n-Bu), NH(i-Bu)) has been synthesized using a low-temperature method. Their structures have been characterized by IR, Mossbauer and NMR spectroscopies. In the solid state, an unsymmetrical chelation of the. dithiocarbamate ligand was found in all the compounds synthesized. The observation of two Sn-S distances in the compounds was confirmed in the crystal structure of tricyclohexyltin N-n-butyldithiocarbamate. In solution, the compounds were found to exhibit distorted tetrahedral structures. The insecticidal activities of the title compounds were screened against the second larval instar of the Anopheles stephensi Liston and Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes. Results from the screening studies indicated that the triorganotin dithiocarbamates were effective larvicides against both species of larvae. However, there were no significant activity differences between the triphenyltin and tricyclohexyltin derivatives. A quantitative structure-activity relationship was also developed for the An. stephensi. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Chem & Phys, Washington, DC 20008 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20064 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Eng, G (reprint author), Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Chem & Phys, Washington, DC 20008 USA. NR 37 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0268-2605 J9 APPL ORGANOMET CHEM JI Appl. Organomet. Chem. PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 4 BP 218 EP 225 DI 10.1002/aoc.423 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 663FP UT WOS:000181995800003 ER PT J AU Mair, EA Battiata, A Casler, JD AF Mair, EA Battiata, A Casler, JD TI Endoscopic laser-assisted excision of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID INTRACRANIAL EXTENSION; RADIATION-THERAPY; SURGERY AB Background: juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNAs) are highly vascular tumors that originate in the nasopharynx of young males. The primary treatment is surgical excision. Traditional surgical approaches are associated with significant morbidity and facial deformity. We introduce and outline the clinical advantages of an endoscopic surgical approach to JNAs using the Nd:YAG laser with image guided surgery. Design: Case series. Setting: Tertiary care medical center. Patients and Methods: Our study included 5 male patients (age range, 8-21 years) with extensive JNAs. Their tumors were large and ranged from Fisch stage IIA to IIIA. Embolization of tumor-feeding vessels was performed before surgery. The tumors were photocoagulated via a transnasal endoscopic approach using a Nd:YAG laser. Devascularized, lased tumor was removed with a micro-debrider. Image-guided navigation systems were used to assist skull base tumor removal, and sublabial and buccolabial incisions were used as needed to gain lateral endoscopic tumor access. Endoscopic tumor margins were obtained for frozen section. Results: All patients achieved symptomatic remission, with no complications. No blood transfusions were necessary. The patients were ready for discharge 1 to 2 days after surgery. Postoperative and magnetic resonance imaging scans showed 2 skull base recurrences, which were removed endoscopically. Follow-up ranged between 2 and 3 years. Conclusions: Traditional external surgical approaches to large JNAs may result in significant morbidity. Laser-assisted image-guided endoscopic excision of JNAs is a safe and effective minimally invasive surgical treatment. Its distinct advantages include (1) diminished blood loss, (2) superior cosmesis without observed altered facial growth (3) direct access of skull base with minimal morbidity, and (4) ease of endoscopic follow-up. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), USAF, Ctr Med, Dept Pediat & Otolaryngol, Wilford Hall, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 24 TC 27 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 129 IS 4 BP 454 EP 459 DI 10.1001/archotol.129.4.454 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 665TK UT WOS:000182137200011 PM 12707194 ER PT J AU LaBore, AJ Weiss, DJ AF LaBore, AJ Weiss, DJ TI Vastus lateralis strain associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A report of 2 cases SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE case report; cumulative trauma disorders; muscle, skeletal; patella; rehabilitation; sprains and strains ID MEDIALIS OBLIQUUS; MUSCLE; INJURIES AB Muscle strains of the quadriceps group are common, and occur mostly in the rectus femoris. Strains occur most often when muscles are suddenly activated while on stretch, during either eccentric or concentric contraction. We report 2 cases of vastus lateralis strain that occurred in association with clinical histories of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Symptoms described included anterior knee pain associated with prolonged sitting with the knee flexed, and anterior knee pain associated with running, stair climbing, and jumping. These symptoms preceded the acute strain by at least 1 year. These cases emphasize a clinician's need to understand knee biomechanics, and the need to consider the entire kinetic chain when managing pain and injury in an extremity. C1 Schwab Rehabil Hosp & Care Network, Chicago, IL USA. Marianjoy Med Grp, Wheaton, IL USA. W Suburban Hosp & Med Ctr, Wheaton, IL USA. RP LaBore, AJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE, PMR, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD APR PY 2003 VL 84 IS 4 BP 613 EP 615 DI 10.1053/apmr.2003.50042 PG 3 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 664QL UT WOS:000182071700021 PM 12690602 ER PT J AU Tharion, WJ Shukitt-Hale, B Lieberman, HR AF Tharion, WJ Shukitt-Hale, B Lieberman, HR TI Caffeine effects on marksmanship during high-stress military training with 72 hour sleep deprivation SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; caffeine; marksmanship; rifle shooting; environmental stress; steadiness; combat stress; Navy SEALs; military training; coordination; motor performance ID PERFORMANCE; ALERTNESS; PLASMA; MOOD AB Purpose: Navy SEALs (sea, air, land) are elite special warfare units that conduct unconventional warfare primarily in marine environments. Marksmanship accuracy and sighting time were quantified with 62 male trainees during Navy SEAL Hell Week, which involves the combined stress of sleep loss, operational combat scenarios, and cold-wet environmental conditions. Caffeine was administered to minimize deficits due to sleep deprivation. Methods: Volunteers dry-fired a disabled rifle equipped with a laser-based marksmanship simulator system to measure shooting speed and accuracy. The target was a 2.3-cm diameter circle at a distance of 5 m, simulating a 46 cm target at a distance of 50 m. Marksmanship was assessed prior to training, and at 73 and 80 h into Hell Week. Volunteers were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: 100, 200, or 300 mg of caffeine or a placebo. Dosing occurred 72 h after training commenced. Results: The combined effects of almost 73 h of total sleep deprivation and operational and environmental stress degraded all marksmanship accuracy measures (p < 0.05) as shown by the 37.5% increase in percent of targets missed, 38% increase in distance from center of mass of the target, and the 235% increase in shot group tightness. Sighting time increased by 53% or 3.1 s after 73 h of sleep deprivation (p < 0.05). Sighting time was significantly faster in sleep deprived individuals after taking 200 or 300 mg of caffeine compared with placebo or 100 mg of caffeine. No differences in accuracy measures between caffeine treatment groups were evident at any test period. Conclusion: During periods of sleep deprivation combined with other stressors, the use of 200 or 300 mg of caffeine enabled SEAL trainees to sight the target and pull the trigger faster without compromising shooting accuracy. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Tharion, WJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 18 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 74 IS 4 BP 309 EP 314 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 662KL UT WOS:000181945800002 PM 12688447 ER PT J AU Pakhomov, AG Doyle, J Stuck, BE Murphy, MR AF Pakhomov, AG Doyle, J Stuck, BE Murphy, MR TI Effects of high power microwave pulses on synaptic transmission and long term potentiation in hippocampus SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE high power microwave pulses; specific effects; hippocampal slices; LTP ID SLICES; TEMPERATURE; RATS; IRRADIATION; RADIATION; ADENOSINE AB Effects of short, extremely high power microwave pulses (EHPP) on neuronal network function were explored by electrophysiological techniques in the isolated rat hippocampal slice model. Population spikes (PS) in the CA1 area were evoked by repeated stimulation (1 per 30 s) of the Schaffer collateral pathway. A brief tetanus (2 s at 50 Hz) was used to induce long term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission. In three different series of experiments with a total of 160 brain slices, the EHPP irradiation was performed before, during, or after the tetanus. The EHPP carrier frequency was 9.3 GHz, the pulse width and repetition rate were from 0.5 to 2 mus and from 0.5 to 10 Hz, respectively, and the peak specific absorption rate (SAR) in brain slices reached up to 500 MW/kg. Microwave heating of the preparation ranged from 0.5 degreesC (at 0.3 kW/kg time average SAR) to 6 degreesC (at 3.6 kW/kg). The experiments established that the only effect caused by EHPP exposure within the studied range of parameters was a transient and fully reversible decrease in the PS amplitude. Recovery took no more than a few minutes after the cessation of exposure and return to the initial temperature. This effect's features were characteristic of an ordinary thermal response: it was proportional to the temperature rise but not to any specific parameter of EHPP, and it could also be induced by a continuous wave (CW) irradiation or conventional heating. Irradiation did not affect the ability of neurons to develop LTP in response to tetanus or to retain the potentiated state that was induced before irradiation. No lasting or delayed effects of EHPP were observed. The results are consistent with the thermal mechanism of EHPP action and thus far provided no indication of EHPP-specific effects on neuronal function. Published 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger) C1 Mckesson BioServ Corp, Brooks AFB, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, San Antonio, TX USA. USAF, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab,Brooks AFB, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Pakhomov, AG (reprint author), Mckesson BioServ Corp, Brooks AFB, 8308 Hawks Rd,Bldg 1168, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. EM andrei.pakhomov@brooks.af.mil NR 26 TC 16 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PD APR PY 2003 VL 24 IS 3 BP 174 EP 181 DI 10.1002/bem.10079 PG 8 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA 661GV UT WOS:000181883600004 PM 12669300 ER PT J AU Severns, P AF Severns, P TI Inbreeding and small population size reduce seed set in a threatened and fragmented plant species, Lupinus sulphureus ssp kincaidii (Fabaceae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE inbreeding depression; Kincaid's lupine; outcrossing; seed set; fruit set; population size ID RARE PLANT; DELPHINIUM-NUTTALLIANUM; OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; POLLEN DISPERSAL; LOCAL-DENSITY; GENE FLOW; POLLINATION; FITNESS; GENTIANACEAE AB Willamette Valley upland prairie in western Oregon, USA, has been reduced to less than 1% of its original historic range following European settlement in the 1850s. Lupinus sulphureus ssp. kincaidii (Kincaid's lupine), a threatened species and the primary larval host plant of the endangered Icaricia icarioides fenderi (Fender's blue butterfly), was historically a parmictic metapopulation. Habitat fragmentation may be causing many of the Kincaid's lupine colonies to display typical symptoms of inbreeding depression, such as low seed production. Hand outcrosses on bagged inflorescences significantly increased seed set and seed fitness compared to open pollination and within-colony pollen treatments. Natural seed set was positively correlated with an increase in the number of Kincaid's lupine patches, suggesting that population size limits seed set. An increase in fruit set was positively correlated with Kincaid's lupine raceme number, raceme density, and the number of lupine patches, demonstrating that floral display and population size increase pollinator service. Restoration of Kincaid's lupine populations should consider measures that lessen the effects of inbreeding depression, especially in small, isolated populations, for the long-term persistence of the species. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Williamette Valley Projects, Lowell, OR 97452 USA. RP Severns, P (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Williamette Valley Projects, POB 429, Lowell, OR 97452 USA. NR 71 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD APR PY 2003 VL 110 IS 2 BP 221 EP 229 AR PII S0006-3207(02)00191-X DI 10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00191-X PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 642RR UT WOS:000180818400006 ER PT J AU Hicks, RP Mones, E Kim, H Koser, BW Nichols, DA Bhattacharjee, AK AF Hicks, RP Mones, E Kim, H Koser, BW Nichols, DA Bhattacharjee, AK TI Comparison of the conformation and electrostatic surface properties of magainin peptides bound to sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecylphosphocholine micelles SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article DE NMR; antimicrobial peptides; molecular modeling; magainins ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SUBSTANCE-P; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; LIPID-MEMBRANES; BINDING; SYSTEMS; ANTAGONISTS; RECEPTOR; MODEL; THERMODYNAMICS AB The role played by noncovalent interactions in inducing a stable secondary structure onto the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) micelle-bound conformations of (Ala(8,13,18))magainin 2 amide and the DPC micelle bound conformation of magainin 1 were determined. Two-dimensional NMR and molecular modeling investigations indicated that (Ala(8,13,18))magainin 2 amide bound to DPC micelles adopts a alpha-helical secondary structure involving residues 2-16 The four C-terminal residues converge to a lose beta-turn structure. (Ala(8,13,18))magainin 2 amide bound to SDS miscelles adopts a alpha-helical secondary structure involving residues 7-18. The C- and N-terminal residues exhibited a great deal of conformational flexibility. Magainin I bound to DPC micelles adopts a alpha-helical secondary structure involving residues 4-19. The C-terminal residues converge to a lose beta-turn structure. The results of this investigation indicate hydrophobic interactions are the major contributors to stabilizing the induced helical structure of the micelle-bound peptides. Electrostatic interactions between the polar head groups of the micelle and the cationic side chains of the peptides define the positions along the peptide backbone where the helical structures begin and end. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc*. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hicks, RP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 48 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD APR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 4 BP 459 EP 470 DI 10.1002/bip.10325 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 669RG UT WOS:000182363800001 PM 12666172 ER PT J AU Muul, LM Tuschong, LM Soenen, SL Jagadeesh, GJ Ramsey, WJ Long, ZF Carter, CS Garabedian, EK Alleyne, M Brown, M Bernstein, W Schurman, SH Fleisher, TA Leitman, SF Dunbar, CE Blaese, RM Candotti, F AF Muul, LM Tuschong, LM Soenen, SL Jagadeesh, GJ Ramsey, WJ Long, ZF Carter, CS Garabedian, EK Alleyne, M Brown, M Bernstein, W Schurman, SH Fleisher, TA Leitman, SF Dunbar, CE Blaese, RM Candotti, F TI Persistence and expression of the adenosine deaminase gene for 12 years and immune reaction to gene transfer components: long-term results of the first clinical gene therapy trial SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; T-CELL REPERTOIRE; BONE-MARROW; NORMAL INDIVIDUALS; RETROVIRAL VECTOR; INFECTED PATIENTS; IN-VIVO; DEFICIENCY; LYMPHOCYTES; TRANSPLANTATION AB The first human gene therapy experiment begun in September 1990 used a retroviral vector containing the human adenosine deaminase (ADA) cDNA to transduce mature peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with ADA deficiency, an inherited disorder of immunity. Two patients who had been treated with intramuscular injections of pegylated bovine ADA (PEG-ADA) for 2 to 4 years were enrolled in this trial and each received a total of approximately 10(11) cells in 11 or 12 infusions over a period of about 2 years. No adverse events were observed. During and after treatment, the patients continued to receive PEG-ADA, although at a reduced dose. Ten years after the last cell infusion, approximately 20% of the first patient's lymphocytes still carry and express the retroviral gene, indicating that the effects of gene transfer can be remarkably long lasting. On the contrary, the persistence of gene-marked cells is very low (< 0.1%), and no expression of the transgene is detectable in lymphocytes from the second patient who developed persisting antibodies to components of the gene transfer system. Data collected from these original patients have provided novel information about the longevity of T lymphocytes in humans and persistence of gene expression in vivo from vectors driven by the Moloney murine leukemia virus long-terminal repeat (LTR) promoter. This long-term follow-up has also provided unique evidence supporting the safety of retroviral-mediated gene transfer and illustrates clear examples of both the potential and the pitfalls of gene therapy in humans. C1 NHGRI, Clin Gene Therapy Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NHGRI, Genet & Mol Biol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NHGRI, Med Genet Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Genet Therapy, Gaithersburg, MD USA. NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Dept Lab Med, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Fund Inherited Dis Res, Newtown, PA USA. RP Muul, LM (reprint author), NIAMS, NIH, Bldg 10,Rm 9N252, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. OI Schurman, Shepherd/0000-0002-9133-7906 NR 31 TC 109 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD APR 1 PY 2003 VL 101 IS 7 BP 2563 EP 2569 DI 10.1182/blood-2002-09-2800 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 660FR UT WOS:000181823600026 PM 12456496 ER PT J AU Grigolini, P West, BJ AF Grigolini, P West, BJ TI Mechanisms for decoherence - Theory and applications to nanotechnology and quantum information science - Introduction SO CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, Res Off, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Grigolini, P (reprint author), Univ Pisa, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-0779 J9 CHAOS SOLITON FRACT JI Chaos Solitons Fractals PD APR PY 2003 VL 16 IS 3 BP 367 EP 368 AR PII S0960-0779(02)00295-3 DI 10.1016/S0960-0779(02)00295-3 PG 2 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 631VJ UT WOS:000180187200001 ER PT J AU Niven, AS Argyros, G AF Niven, AS Argyros, G TI Alternate treatments in asthma SO CHEST LA English DT Review DE asthma therapy; cyclosporine; drug therapy; furosemide; gold; heparin; IVIG; methotrexate; troleandomycin ID STEROID-DEPENDENT ASTHMA; LOW-DOSE METHOTREXATE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; EXERCISE-INDUCED ASTHMA; METABISULFITE-INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; T-CELL PROLIFERATION; DOUBLE-BLIND; INHALED FUROSEMIDE; INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Crit Care Med Serv, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Niven, AS (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM Alexander.Niven@amedd.army.mil NR 142 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD APR PY 2003 VL 123 IS 4 BP 1254 EP 1265 DI 10.1378/chest.123.4.1254 PG 12 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 668TA UT WOS:000182308200045 PM 12684319 ER PT J AU Russo, A Thomas, A Thorne, D Sing, H Redmond, D Rowland, L Johnson, D Hall, S Krichmar, J Balkin, T AF Russo, A Thomas, A Thorne, D Sing, H Redmond, D Rowland, L Johnson, D Hall, S Krichmar, J Balkin, T TI Oculomotor impairment during chronic partial sleep deprivation SO CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; sleep restriction; recovery sleep; saccadic velocity; pupil constriction latency; fitness for duty ID PERFORMANCE; VARIABILITY; WAKING; TASK AB Objective: The effects of chronic partial sleep (sleep deprivation) and extended sleep (sleep augmentation) followed by recovery sleep on oculomotor function were evaluated in normal subjects to explore the usefulness of oculomotor assessment for alertness monitoring in fitness-for-duty testing. Methods: Sixty-six commercial drivers (24-62 years, 50m/16f) participated in a 15 day study composed of 3 training days with 8 It time in bed per night, 7 experimental days with subjects randomly assigned to either 3, 5, 7, or 9 h time in bed, and 3 recovery nights with 8 h time in bed. Data from 57 subjects were used. Saccadic velocity (SV), initial pupil diameter (IPD), latency to pupil constriction (CL), and amplitude of pupil constriction (CA) were assessed and correlated with the sleep latency test (SLT), the Stanford sleepiness scale (SSS), and simulated driving performance. Results: Regression analyses showed that SV slowed significantly in the 3 and 5 h groups, IPD decreased significantly in the 9 h group, and CL increased significantly in the 3 h group. SLT and SSS significantly correlated with SV, IPD, CL, and driving accidents for the 3 h group, and with CL for the 5 It group. Analyses also showed a significant negative correlation between decreasing SV and increasing driving accidents in the 3 h group and a significant negative correlation between IPD and driving accidents for the 7 h group. Conclusions: The results demonstrate a sensitivity primarily of SV to sleepiness, and a correlation of SV and IPD to impaired simulated driving performance, providing evidence for the potential utility of oculomotor indicators in the detection of excessive sleepiness and deterioration of complex motor performance with chronic partial sleep restriction. Significance: This paper shows a relationship between sleep deprivation and oculomotor measures, and suggests a potential utility for oculometrics in assessing operational performance readiness under sleep restricted conditions. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. on behalf of International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Russo, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 1388-2457 J9 CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL JI Clin. Neurophysiol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 114 IS 4 BP 723 EP 736 DI 10.1016/S1388-2457(03)00008-7 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 671AG UT WOS:000182442000015 ER PT J AU Babushok, VI McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW Skaggs, RR AF Babushok, VI McNesby, KL Miziolek, AW Skaggs, RR TI Modeling of synergistic effects in flame inhibition by 2-H heptafluoropropane blended with sodium bicarbonate SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID KINETICS; DECOMPOSITION; NAHCO3 C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Babushok, VI (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD APR PY 2003 VL 133 IS 1-2 BP 201 EP 205 DI 10.1016/S0010-2180(02)00572-2 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 677XU UT WOS:000182835100018 ER PT J AU Toro, JR Sanchez, S Turiansky, G Blauvelt, A AF Toro, JR Sanchez, S Turiansky, G Blauvelt, A TI Topical cidofovir for the treatment of dermatologic conditions: verruca, condyloma, intraepithelial neoplasia, herpes simplex and its potential use in smallpox SO DERMATOLOGIC CLINICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; RECALCITRANT MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS DNA-POLYMERASE; SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; ANAL CYTOLOGIC ABNORMALITIES; NEGATIVE HOMOSEXUAL MEN; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; CONTROLLED TRIAL; PHOSPHONYLMETHOXYALKYL DERIVATIVES AB Cidofovir is new medication that demonstrates pharmacologic activity against many DNA viruses. Recent studies have shown that topical cidofovir is effective in the treatment of recalcitrant cutaneous viral infections caused by herpesviruses, poxviruses, and papillomaviruses. This article reviews the pharmacology of cidofovir and its uses in selected dermatologic conditions. C1 NCI, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Dermatol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Dermatol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Toro, JR (reprint author), NCI, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, 6120 Execut Blvd,Execut Plaza S,Room 7012, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 58 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8635 J9 DERMATOL CLIN JI Dermatol. Clin. PD APR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 301 EP + DI 10.1016/S0733-8635(02)00116-X PG 10 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 674DK UT WOS:000182621600011 PM 12757253 ER PT J AU Summers, V Molis, MR Musch, H Walden, BE Surr, RK Cord, MT AF Summers, V Molis, MR Musch, H Walden, BE Surr, RK Cord, MT TI Identifying dead regions in the cochlea: Psychophysical tuning curves and tone detection in threshold-equalizing noise SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article ID HEARING-IMPAIRED LISTENERS; AUDITORY FILTER SHAPES; SPEECH-INTELLIGIBILITY; PERCEPTION; AUDIBILITY; MASKING AB Objective: Recent studies indicate that high-frequency amplification may provide little benefit for listeners with moderate-to-severe high-frequency hearing loss, and may even reduce speech recognition. Moore and colleagues have proposed a direct link between this lack of benefit and the presence of regions of nonfunctioning inner hair cells (dead regions) in the basal cochlea and have suggested that psychophysical tuning curves (PTCs) and tone detection thresholds in threshold-equalizing noise (TEN) are psychoacoustic measures that allow detection of dead regions (Moore, Huss, Vickers, Glasberg, & Alcantara [2000]; Vickers, Moore, & Baer [2001]). The experiments reported here examine the consistency of TEN and PTC tasks in identifying dead regions in listeners with high-frequency hearing loss. Design: Seventeen listeners (18 ears) with steeply sloping moderate-to-severe high-frequency hearing loss were tested in PTC and TEN tasks intended to identify ears with high-frequency dead regions. In the PTC task, pure-tone signals of fixed level were masked by narrowband noise that slowly increased in center frequency. For a range of signal frequencies, noise levels at masked threshold were determined as a function of masker frequency. In the TEN task, masked thresholds for pure-tone signals were determined for a fixed-level, 70 dB/ERB TEN masker (for some listeners, 85 or 90 dB/ERB TEN was also tested at selected probe frequencies). Results: TEN and PTC results agreed on the presence or absence of dead regions at all tested frequencies in 10 of 18 cases (similar to56% agreement rate). Six ears showed results consistent with either mid- or high-frequency dead regions in both tasks, and four ears did not show evidence of dead regions in either task. In eight ears, the TEN and PTC tasks produced conflicting results at one or more frequencies. In instances where the TEN and PTC results disagreed, the TEN results suggested the presence of dead regions whereas the PTC results did not. Conclusions: The 56% agreement rate between the TEN and PTC tasks indicates that at least one of these tasks was only partially reliable as a diagnostic tool. Factors unrelated to the presence of dead regions may contribute to excess masking in TEN without producing tip shifts in PTCs. Thus it may be appropriate to view tuning curve results as more reliable in cases where TEN and PTC results disagree. The current results do not provide support for the TEN task as a reliable diagnostic tool for identification of dead regions. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. GN Resound Corp, Redwood City, CA USA. RP Summers, V (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC 03553] NR 27 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD APR PY 2003 VL 24 IS 2 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1097/01.AUD.0000058148.27540.D9 PG 10 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 747CC UT WOS:000186786800004 PM 12677110 ER PT J AU Able, KW Rowe, P Burlas, M Byrne, D AF Able, KW Rowe, P Burlas, M Byrne, D TI Use of ocean and estuarine habitats by young-of-year bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the New York Bight SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID THE-YEAR BLUEFISH; HUDSON RIVER ESTUARY; SOUTH-ATLANTIC BIGHT; EARLY-LIFE-HISTORY; NEW-JERSEY; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; JUVENILE BLUEFISH; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; MARSH CREEKS; GROWTH AB Young-of-year (YOY) bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) along the U.S. east coast are often assumed to use estuaries almost exclusively during the summer. Here we present data from 1995 to 1998 indicating that YOY (30-260 mm. FL) also use ocean habitats along the coast of New Jersey. An analysis of historical and recent data on northern and southern ocean beaches (0.1-2 m) and the inner continental shelf (5-27 m) during extensive sampling in New Jersey waters from 1995 to 1998 indicated that multiple cohorts occurred (June-August) in every year. When comparable collections of YOY were made in the ocean and in an adjacent estuary, the abundance was 1-2 orders of magnitude greater on ocean beaches during the summer. The YOY were even more abundant in ocean habitats in the fall (September-October), presumably as a result of YOY leaving estuaries to join the coastal migration south. During 1999 and 2000, YOY bluefish were tagged with internal sequential coded wire microtags in order to refine our understanding of habitat use and movement. Few (0.04%) of the fish tagged on ocean beaches were recaptured; however, 2.2% of the fish tagged in the estuary were recaptured from 2 to 27 days after tagging. Recaptured fish grew quickly (average 1.37 mm FL/d). On ocean beaches YOY fed on a variety of invertebrates and fishes but their diet changed with size. By approximately 80-100 mm FL, they were piscivorous and fed primarily on engraulids, a pattern similar to that reported in estuaries. Based on distribution, abundance, and feeding, both spring- and summer-spawned cohorts of YOY bluefish commonly use ocean habitats. Therefore, attempts to determine factors affecting recruitment success based solely on estuarine sampling may be inadequate and further examination, especially of the contribution of the summer-spawned cohort in ocean habitats, appears warranted. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Marine Field Stn, Tuckerton, NJ 08087 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Project Biol Monitoring Program, CENAN PL EA, New York, NY 10278 USA. New Jersey Dept Environm Protect, Nacote Creek Res Stn, Port Republic, NJ 08241 USA. RP Able, KW (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Marine Field Stn, 800 C-O 132 Great Bay Blvd, Tuckerton, NJ 08087 USA. EM able@imcs.rutgers.edu NR 42 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0090-0656 EI 1937-4518 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD APR PY 2003 VL 101 IS 2 BP 201 EP 214 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 670CJ UT WOS:000182389600001 ER PT J AU Krishnapuram, B Sichina, J Carin, L AF Krishnapuram, B Sichina, J Carin, L TI Physics-based detection of targets in SAR imagery using support vector machines SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hidden Markov model (HMM); support vector machine; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); target detection ID MATCHING PURSUITS; MODELS AB Radar scattering from an illuminated object is often highly dependent on the target-sensor orientation. In conjunction with physics based feature extraction, the exploitation of aspect-dependent information has led to successful improvements in the detection of tactical targets in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. While prior work has attempted to design detectors by matching them to images from a training set, the generalization capability of these detectors beyond the training database can be significantly improved by using the principle of structural risk minimization. In this paper, we propose a detector based on support vector machines that explicitly incorporates this principle in its design, yielding improved detection performance. We also introduce a probabilistic feature-parsing scheme that improves the robustness of detection using features obtained from a two-dimensional matching-pursuits feature extractor. Performance is assessed by considering the detection of tactical targets concealed in foliage, using measured foliage-penetrating SAR data. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Lab, Microwave Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Krishnapuram, B (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD APR PY 2003 VL 3 IS 2 BP 147 EP 157 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2002.805552 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 755WV UT WOS:000187435200002 ER PT J AU Hamilton, CA Tarr, LW AF Hamilton, CA Tarr, LW TI Projecting Zener DC reference performance between calibrations SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2002) CY JUN 16-21, 2002 CL OTTAWA, CANADA SP Bureau Int Poids Measures, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, Natl Inst Standards & Technol, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Measurements Int Ltd, Natl Conf Standard Lab Int, Natl Res Council Canada, Union Radio Sci Int DE calibration; Josephson voltage; prediction; Zener reference standard AB Two simple empirical models are proposed to predict Zener reference standard output voltage and uncertainty based on just one or two calibration points. The models are derived from a study of 140 Zener standards. The results yield a substantial reduction in uncertainty relative to the manufacturer's specification and illustrate the dominant influence of seasonal effects on projection uncertainty. C1 LLC, VMetrix, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. USA, Primary Stand Lab, Elect Stand Lab, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Hamilton, CA (reprint author), LLC, VMetrix, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD APR PY 2003 VL 52 IS 2 BP 454 EP 456 DI 10.1109/TIM.2003.810006 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 684MW UT WOS:000183212000055 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Prada, CM Zelazowska, EB Nikolich, M Hadfield, TL Roop, RM Robertson, GL Hoover, DL AF Fernandez-Prada, CM Zelazowska, EB Nikolich, M Hadfield, TL Roop, RM Robertson, GL Hoover, DL TI Interactions between Brucella melitensis and human phagocytes: Bacterial surface O-polysaccharide inhibits phagocytosis, bacterial killing, and subsequent host cell apoptosis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; IN-VITRO; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; ABORTUS; GENE; INFECTION; STRAINS AB Brucellae are gram-negative intracellular pathogens that survive and multiply within host phagocytic cells. Smooth organisms present O-polysaccharides (OPS) on their surface. The wboA gene, which codes for the enzyme glycosyl transferase, is essential for the assembly of O-chain in Brucella. Deletion of wboA in smooth, virulent B. melitensis 16M results in a rough mutant designated WRR51. Unlike B. abortus, both smooth and rough strains of B. melitensis are resistant to complement-mediated killing. To determine the role of surface OPS in the interactions of B. melitensis with monocytes/macrophages (M/M), 16M and WRR51 were transformed with the plasmid pBBRIMCS-6y encoding green fluorescent protein, and the transformants were used to infect human mononuclear phagocytes with and without fresh human serum as a source of complement. Human monocytes were cultured in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor to allow their differentiation into macrophages during the course of infection. Intracellular bacteria were easily visualized using fluorescence microscopy. Infection in M/M, identified by surface staining and fate of infected phagocytes, was quantitated by flow cytometry. Rough bacteria were internalized, with no requirement for opsonization by serum, at a higher rate than smooth organisms. Smooth B. melitensis survived and multiplied for at least 6 days inside M/M, but rough organisms were eliminated by death of the infected cells. In human monocytes cultured for 1 day without serum in order to trigger the apoptotic pathway, infection by rough brucellae accelerated phagocyte death; smooth brucellae inhibited apoptosis. This study suggests that the presence of surface OPS on live B. melitensis benefits the bacterium by preventing the death of macrophages, Brucella's preferred target for intracellular replication. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Microbiol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. E Carolina Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Fernandez-Prada, CM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Bldg 503,Rm 2N57, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Nikolich, Mikeljon/B-2868-2011; Robertson, Gregory/E-1601-2017 OI Robertson, Gregory/0000-0001-7157-4034 NR 43 TC 73 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 2003 VL 71 IS 4 BP 2110 EP 2119 DI 10.1128/IAI.71.4.2110-2119.2003 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 662BQ UT WOS:000181926200062 PM 12654833 ER PT J AU Corron, NJ Hopper, BA Pethel, SD AF Corron, NJ Hopper, BA Pethel, SD TI Limiter control of a chaotic RF transistor oscillator SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIFURCATION AND CHAOS LA English DT Article DE chaos control; limiter control; transistor oscillator; RF chaos ID CARDIAC CHAOS AB We report experimental control of chaos in an electronic circuit at 43.9 MHz, which is the fastest chaos control reported in the literature to date. Limiter control is used to stabilize a periodic orbit in a tuned collector transistor oscillator modified to exhibit simply folded band chaos. The limiter is implemented using a transistor to enable monitoring the relative magnitude of the control perturbation. A plot of the relative control magnitude versus limiter level shows a local minimum at period-1 control, thereby providing strong evidence that the controlled state is an unstable periodic orbit (UPO) of the uncontrolled system. C1 USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. OI Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-1274 EI 1793-6551 J9 INT J BIFURCAT CHAOS JI Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos PD APR PY 2003 VL 13 IS 4 BP 957 EP 961 DI 10.1142/S0218127403007035 PG 5 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 685YT UT WOS:000183292800013 ER PT J AU Segletes, SB Walters, WP AF Segletes, SB Walters, WP TI Extensions to the exact solution of the long-rod penetration/erosion equations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE long rods; penetration; erosion; exact solution; closed-form solution; terminal rod length; computational efficiency AB The exact solution to the long-rod penetration equations is revisited, in search of improvements to the solution efficiency, while simultaneously enhancing the understanding of the physical parameters that drive the solution. Substantial improvements are offered in these areas. The presentation of the solution is simplified in a way that more tightly unifies the special- and general-case solutions to the problem. Added computational efficiencies are obtained by expressing the general-case solution for penetration and implicit time in terms of a series of Bessel functions. Other extensions and efficiencies are addressed, as well. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Segletes, SB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 28 IS 4 BP 363 EP 376 AR PII S0734-743X(02)00071-4 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(02)00071-4 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 637DH UT WOS:000180496000002 ER PT J AU Rao, CN Segawa, T Navari, JR Xu, L Srivastava, S Moul, JW Phillips, B AF Rao, CN Segawa, T Navari, JR Xu, L Srivastava, S Moul, JW Phillips, B TI Methylation of TFPI-2 gene is not the sole cause of its silencing SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TFPI-2; methylation; silencing; 5-azacytidine; sodium bisulfite; promoter construct ID FACTOR PATHWAY INHIBITOR-2; SERINE-PROTEASE INHIBITOR; CELLS IN-VITRO; DNA METHYLATION; CANCER-CELLS; CDNA CLONING; TISSUE; EXPRESSION; DECREASES; INVASION AB TFPI-2 (tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2) is a serine protease inhibitor that may suppress tumor cell invasion and metastasis. TFPI-2 expression is often lost in cells derived from tumors of diverse organs. We have examined whether aberrant hypermethylation of the 5' end of the TFPI-2 gene is associated with its loss of expression. After 5-azacytidine treatment of three cell lines lacking TFPI-2 expression (HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells, MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells, and LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells), TFPI-2 transcripts could be detected by RT-PCR. In these three cell lines, methylation of the 5' end of the TFPI-2 gene was detected, while two prostate carcinoma cell lines in which the TFPI-2 gene was expressed, PC-3 and DU-145, showed no methylation. However, all the three cell lines which lacked TFPI-2 expression also contained unmethylated TFPI-2 alleles. Furthermore, a transiently transfected TFPI-2 promoter was non-functional in the three cell lines, but function was attained following treatment with 5-azacytidine. Our results indicate that while methylation of the TFPI-2 gene is associated with its silencing, it is not the sole cause, and we suggest that one or more components of pathways regulating TFPI-2 expression have also undergone methylation-associated silencing in these cell lines. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Dept Mol Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Rao, CN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Dept Mol Pharmacol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU PROFESSOR D A SPANDIDOS PI ATHENS PA 1, S MERKOURI ST, EDITORIAL OFFICE,, ATHENS 116 35, GREECE SN 1019-6439 J9 INT J ONCOL JI Int. J. Oncol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 22 IS 4 BP 843 EP 848 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 655RE UT WOS:000181565800018 PM 12632077 ER PT J AU Thurber, KR Harrell, LE Smith, DD AF Thurber, KR Harrell, LE Smith, DD TI Temperature measurement at the end of a cantilever using oxygen paramagnetism in solid air SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE FORCE MICROSCOPY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE AB We demonstrate temperature measurement of a sample attached to the end of a cantilever using cantilever magnetometry of solid air "contamination" of the sample surface. In experiments like our magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM), the sample is mounted at the end of a thin cantilever with small thermal conductance. Thus, the sample can be at a significantly different temperature than the bulk of the instrument. Using cantilever magnetometry of the oxygen paramagnetism in solid air provides the temperature of the sample, without any modifications to our MRFM apparatus. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Thurber, KR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kthurber@arl.army.mil OI Harrell, Lee/0000-0003-2305-5787 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2003 VL 93 IS 7 BP 4297 EP 4299 DI 10.1063/1.1555837 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 658PP UT WOS:000181729600085 ER PT J AU Holt, KG Wagenaar, RC LaFiandra, ME Kubo, M Obusek, JP AF Holt, KG Wagenaar, RC LaFiandra, ME Kubo, M Obusek, JP TI Increased musculoskeletal stiffness during load carriage at increasing walking speeds maintains constant vertical excursion of the body center of mass SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE load carriage; joint and body stiffness; walking speed ID CEREBRAL-PALSY; PATTERNS; GAIT; TREADMILL; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS AB The primary objective of this research was to determine changes in body and joint stiffness parameters and kinematics of the knee and body center of mass (CONI), that result from wearing a backpack (BP) with a 40% body weight load at increasing speeds of walking. It was hypothesized that there would be speed and load-related increases in stiffness that would prevent significant deviations in the COM trajectory and in lower-extremity joint angles. Three independent biomechanical models employing kinematic data were used to estimate global lower-extremity stiffness, vertical stiffness and knee joint rotational stiffness in the sagittal plane during walking on a treadmill at speeds of 0.6-1.6 m s(-1) in 0.2 m s(-1) increments in BP and no backpack conditions. Kinematic data were collected using an Optotrak, three-dimensional motion analysis system. Knee angles and vertical excursion of the COM during the compression (loading phase) increased as a function of speed but not load. All three estimates of stiffness showed significant increases as a function of both speed and load. Significant interaction effects indicated a convergence of load-related stiffness values at lower speeds. Results suggested that increases in muscle-mediated stiffness are used to maintain a constant vertical excursion of the COM under load across the speeds tested, and thereby limit increases in metabolic cost that would occur if the COM would travel through greater vertical range of motion. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Boston Univ, Dept Rehabil Sci, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Ecol Study Percept & Act, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Boston Univ, Ctr Neurorehabil, Boston, MA 02215 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA USA. RP Holt, KG (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Rehabil Sci, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM kgholt@bu.edu NR 33 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9290 J9 J BIOMECH JI J. Biomech. PD APR PY 2003 VL 36 IS 4 BP 465 EP 471 DI 10.1016/S0021-9290(02)00457-8 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 658CT UT WOS:000181704600001 PM 12600336 ER PT J AU Whelan, HT Buchmann, EV Dhokalia, A Kane, MP Whelan, NT Wong-Riley, MTT Eells, JT Gould, LJ Hammamieh, R Das, R Jett, M AF Whelan, HT Buchmann, EV Dhokalia, A Kane, MP Whelan, NT Wong-Riley, MTT Eells, JT Gould, LJ Hammamieh, R Das, R Jett, M TI Effect of NASA light-emitting diode irradiation on molecular changes for wound healing in diabetic mice SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LASER MEDICINE & SURGERY LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; ENERGY LASER IRRADIATION; HELIUM-NEON LASER; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; ORAL MUCOSITIS; BRAIN-TUMORS; CELLS; THROMBOSPONDIN-1; BIOSTIMULATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in gene expression of near-infrared light therapy in a model of impaired wound healing. Background Data: Light-Emitting Diodes (LED), originally developed for NASA plant growth experiments in space, show promise for delivering light deep into tissues of the body to promote wound healing and human tissue growth. In this paper we present the effects of LED treatment on wounds in a genetically diabetic mouse model. Materials and Methods: Polyvinyl acetal (PVA) sponges were subcutaneously implanted in the dorsum of BKS.Cg-m +/+ Lepr(db) mice. LED treatments were given once daily, and at the sacrifice day, the sponges, incision line and skin over the sponges were harvested and used for RNA extraction. The RNA was subsequently analyzed by cDNA array. Results: Our studies have revealed certain tissue regenerating genes that were significantly upregulated upon LED treatment when compared to the untreated sample. Integrins, laminin, gap junction proteins, and kinesin superfamily motor proteins are some of the genes involved during regeneration process. These are some of the genes that were identified upon gene array experiments with RNA isolated from sponges from the wound site in mouse with LED treatment. Conclusion: We believe that the use of NASA light-emitting diodes (LED) for light therapy will greatly enhance the natural wound healing process, and more quickly return the patient to a preinjury/illness level of activity. This work is supported and managed through the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and NASA Marshall Space Flight Center-SBIR Program. C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Cell Biol Neurobiol & Anat, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Pharmacol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Plast Surg, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. RP Whelan, HT (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. NR 46 TC 117 Z9 129 U1 1 U2 20 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1044-5471 J9 J CLIN LASER MED SUR JI J. Clin. Laser Med. Sur. PD APR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 2 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1089/104454703765035484 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Surgery SC Engineering; Surgery GA 673CU UT WOS:000182562700003 PM 12737646 ER PT J AU Parola, P Cornet, JP Sanogo, YO Miller, RS Thien, HV Gonzalez, JP Raoult, D Telford, SR Wongsrichanalai, C AF Parola, P Cornet, JP Sanogo, YO Miller, RS Thien, HV Gonzalez, JP Raoult, D Telford, SR Wongsrichanalai, C TI Detection of Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., and other eubacteria in ticks from the Thai-Myanmar border and Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; 16S RIBOSOMAL DNA; ORDER RICKETTSIALES; AFRICAN TICKS; ACARI; IDENTIFICATION; CHAFFEENSIS; INFECTION; IXODIDAE; FRANCE AB A total of 650 ticks, including 13 species from five genera, were collected from animals, from people, or by flagging of the vegetation at sites on the Thai-Myanmar border and in Vietnam. They were tested by PCR to detect DNA of bacteria of the order Rickettsiales. Three Anaplasma spp. were detected in ticks collected in Thailand, including (i) Anaplasma sp. strain AnDa465, which was considered a genotype of Anaplasma platys (formerly Ehrlichia platys) and which was obtained from Dermacentor auratus ticks collected from dogs; (ii) Anaplasma sp. strain AnAj360, which was obtained from Amblyomma javanense ticks collected on a pangolin; and (iii) Anaplasma sp. strain AnH1446, which was closely related to Anaplasma bovis and which was detected in Haemaphysalis lagrangei ticks collected from a bear. Three Ehrlichia spp. were identified, including (i) Ehrlichia sp. strain EBm52, which was obtained from Boophilus microplus ticks collected from cattle from Thailand; (ii) Ehrlichia sp. strain EHh324, which was closely related to Ehrlichia chaffeensis and which was detected in Haemaphysalis hystricis ticks collected from wild pigs in Vietnam; and (iii) Ehrlichia sp. strain EHh317, which was closely related to Ehrlichia sp. strain EBm52 and which was also detected in H. hystricis ticks collected from wild pigs in Vietnam. Two Rickettsia spp. were detected in Thailand, including (i) Rickettsia sp. strain RDla420, which was detected in Dermacentor auratus ticks collected from a bear, and (ii) Rickettsia sp. strain RDla440, which was identified from two pools of Dermacentor larvae collected from a wild pig nest. Finally, two bacteria named Eubacterium sp. strain Hw124 and Eubacterium sp. strain Hw191 were identified in Haemaphysalis wellingtoni ticks collected from chicken in Thailand; these strains could belong to a new group of bacteria. C1 Fac Med Marseille, WHO Collaborat Ctr Rickettsial Reference & Res, CNRS, UMR 6020,Unite Rickettsies, F-13385 Marseille 5, France. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ Salaya, UR34, Inst Rech Dev, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Lab Publ Hlth Entomol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Bao Loc Gen Hosp, Bao Loc, Lam Dong Prov, Vietnam. RP Parola, P (reprint author), Fac Med Marseille, WHO Collaborat Ctr Rickettsial Reference & Res, CNRS, UMR 6020,Unite Rickettsies, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, F-13385 Marseille 5, France. OI Gonzalez, Jean-Paul/0000-0003-3063-1770 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 39002] NR 30 TC 90 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1600 EP 1608 DI 10.1128/JCM.41.4.1600-1608.2003 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 666LZ UT WOS:000182179900039 PM 12682151 ER PT J AU Rotella, P Raghavan, S Stintz, A Fuchs, B Krishna, S Morath, C Le, D Kennerly, SW AF Rotella, P Raghavan, S Stintz, A Fuchs, B Krishna, S Morath, C Le, D Kennerly, SW TI Normal incidence InAs/InGaAs dots-in-well detectors with current blocking AlGaAs layer SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE-XII) CY SEP 15-20, 2002 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA DE nanomaterials; molecular beam epitaxy; quantum dots; infrared detectors ID INAS/GAAS QUANTUM DOTS; INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS; MIDINFRARED PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY AB Normal incidence InAs/In0.15Ga0.85As dots-in-a-well detectors operating at T = 78 K with lambda(p) similar to 7 mum and a broad spectral width (Deltalambda/lambda) of 35% are reported. Effect of a current blocking AlGaAs layer on the device performance : is studied. Temperature-dependent dark current, spectral response and calibrated blackbody measurements were undertaken to determine the responsivity and detectivity of the detectors at 78 K. A correction factor was introduced to include the effect of scattering and reflections in the undoped substrate. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. USAF, Res Lab, AFRL VSSS, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Krishna, S (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Technol Mat, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. RI Krishna, Sanjay /C-5766-2009; Morath, Christian/B-9147-2008 OI Morath, Christian/0000-0001-5838-9301 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD APR PY 2003 VL 251 IS 1-4 BP 787 EP 793 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(02)02428-4 PG 7 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 666LY UT WOS:000182179800146 ER PT J AU Loushine, RJ Weller, N Kimbrough, WF Liewehr, FR AF Loushine, RJ Weller, N Kimbrough, WF Liewehr, FR TI Secondary hyperparathyroidism: A case report SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article AB A thorough diagnostic examination is essential before providing endodontic treatment. The sequence of diagnostic procedures must begin with a well-organized review of the medical history. In the early screening process, a health history that reveals a systemic disorder must be investigated further because it may have a significant impact on the dental diagnosis and ultimate endodontic treatment. There are a number of systemic diseases that can cause bone lesions throughout the body. Chronic renal failure is one disorder that may stimulate a secondary hyperparathyroidism that can cause a variety of bone lesions. In some instances these lesions appear in the periapical region of teeth and can lead to a misdiagnosis of a lesion of endodontic origin. The following case report of a patient referred for endodontic treatment demonstrates the importance of understanding the effects of end-stage renal disease on the dental structures. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Army Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Loushine, RJ (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD APR PY 2003 VL 29 IS 4 BP 272 EP 274 DI 10.1097/00004770-200304000-00011 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 663RN UT WOS:000182019500011 PM 12701779 ER PT J AU Cerco, C Bunch, B Dortch, M Johnson, B Kim, K AF Cerco, C Bunch, B Dortch, M Johnson, B Kim, K TI Eutrophication and pathogen abatement in the San Juan Bay Estuary SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Puerto Rico; estuaries; abatement and removal; pathogens; eutrophication ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; MODEL AB The San Juan Bay Estuary is a tropical lagoon system severely impacted by eutrophication and by elevated pathogen concentrations. This investigation examined alternatives for pollution abatement primarily through physical modifications to the system. The investigation included field surveys, computation of pollutant loads, and application of hydrodynamic and eutrophication models. A eutrophication model developed for temperate estuaries was successfully transferred to San Juan Bay Estuary. Results indicate two primary modifications reduce eutrophication. The first clears a constricted channel to the interior of the system and promotes flushing. The second fills deep holes in which anoxic conditions promote sediment nutrient release to the water column. Major reductions in pathogen concentration require regional controls on sources. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Cerco, C (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM cercoc@wes.army.mil NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 2003 VL 129 IS 4 BP 318 EP 327 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2003)129:4(318) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 658NL UT WOS:000181727000006 ER PT J AU Sipahioglu, O Barringer, S Taub, I Prakash, A AF Sipahioglu, O Barringer, S Taub, I Prakash, A TI Modeling the dielectric properties of ham as a function of temperature and composition SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ham; meat; muscle foods; dielectric properties; dielectric constant; loss factor ID MOISTURE; PERMITTIVITIES; VEGETABLES; DEPENDENCE; FRUITS; FOODS; GHZ AB The dielectric properties of 19 different ham samples with different moisture (38.2% to 68.9%) and ash contents (1.78% to 6.80%) were measured at -35 to 70 degreesC at 2450MHz. Equations were developed as a function of temperature, moisture, and ash, and compared to literature equations. The dielectric constant decreased with ash content and increased with moisture content. It increased instead of decreasing with temperature. The dielectric loss factor increased with moisture content for-moisture contents lower than 60.7%, then decreased for higher moisture contents. Ash content and temperature increased dielectric loss factor. Frozen samples had low dielectric activity that was increased by ash content above -20 to -10 degreesC. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Columbus, OH 43120 USA. USA, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Combat Feeding Program, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Chapman Univ, Orange, CA 92866 USA. RP Barringer, S (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 2015 Fyffe Rd, Columbus, OH 43120 USA. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 10 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD APR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3 BP 904 EP 909 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb08263.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 672UM UT WOS:000182541300030 ER PT J AU Feeherry, FE Doona, CJ Taub, IA AF Feeherry, FE Doona, CJ Taub, IA TI Effect of water activity on the growth kinetics of Staphylococcus aureus in ground bread crumb SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus aureus; growth kinetics; predictive microbiology; intermediate moisture (IM) food; water activity (A(w)); pH ID MATHEMATICAL-MODELS; SODIUM-CHLORIDE; MICROBIOLOGY; TEMPERATURE; CHEESE; PH AB The kinetics of Staphylococcus aureus (strains A, B, D) growth in bread crumb were determined as a function of water activity (A(w)) from 0.836 to 0.909 at pH 5.2 to 5.5 and at 35 degreesC. Adding glycerol to the dough or equilibrating the bread over saturated salt solutions adjusted the A(w) of the bread. Growth kinetics data, plotted as enumerated colony counts versus incubation time, were fitted using the logistic function to determine maximum growth rates. Similar maximum growth rates resulted, irrespective of the method used to adjust A(w). Extrapolation of growth rate-A(w) results predicts the A(w) corresponding to a zero growth rate. C1 USA, Soldier Biol & Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Innovat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Doona, CJ (reprint author), USA, Soldier Biol & Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Combat Feeding Innovat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 525 WEST VAN BUREN, STE 1000, CHICAGO, IL 60607-3814 USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD APR PY 2003 VL 68 IS 3 BP 982 EP 987 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb08274.x PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 672UM UT WOS:000182541300041 ER PT J AU Stahl, C Szerlip, M AF Stahl, C Szerlip, M TI No pain, no gain - Rhabdomyolysis associated with a performance enhancer herbal supplement. SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 30-MAY 03, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 SU 1 BP 89 EP 89 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 673DF UT WOS:000182564300279 ER PT J AU Hatzigeorgiou, C Taylor, AJ Feuerstein, I Bautista, LE O'Malley, PG AF Hatzigeorgiou, C Taylor, AJ Feuerstein, I Bautista, LE O'Malley, PG TI Antioxidant vitamin intake and subclinical atherosclerosis SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 30-MAY 03, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 SU 1 BP 148 EP 148 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 673DF UT WOS:000182564300542 ER PT J AU Jackson, JL AF Jackson, JL TI HMG-COA reductase inhibitors and osteoporosis, a meta-analysis SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 30-MAY 03, 2003 CL VANCOUVER, CANADA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 SU 1 BP 148 EP 148 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 673DF UT WOS:000182564300541 ER PT J AU Esmat, G Mohamed, MK Hamid, MA Zalata, K Khatab, H El Batanony, M Abouzied, AM El Raziky, M Shaheen, AM Ismail, A Strickland, GT Fix, A Sjogren, M AF Esmat, G Mohamed, MK Hamid, MA Zalata, K Khatab, H El Batanony, M Abouzied, AM El Raziky, M Shaheen, AM Ismail, A Strickland, GT Fix, A Sjogren, M TI The impact of steatosis on baseline characteristic and end of treatment response for chronic hepatitis (C) genotype 4 patients treated with interferon SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 38th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver CY MAR 29-APR 01, 2003 CL ISTANBUL, TURKEY SP European Assoc Study Liver C1 Cairo Univ, Dept Trop Med, Cairo, Egypt. Ain Shams Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Cairo, Egypt. Mansoura Univ, Dept Pathol, Mansoura, Egypt. Menofeyah Univ, Natl Liver Inst, Dept Pathol, Menoufia, Egypt. Cairo Univ, Dept Pathol, Cairo, Egypt. Univ Maryland, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 38 SU 2 MA 477 BP 139 EP 139 DI 10.1016/S0168-8278(03)80743-2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 666JQ UT WOS:000182174500470 ER PT J AU Zhang, WH Potter, KJH Plantz, BA Schlegel, VL Smith, LA Meagher, MM AF Zhang, WH Potter, KJH Plantz, BA Schlegel, VL Smith, LA Meagher, MM TI Pichia pastoris fermentation with mixed-feeds of glycerol and methanol: growth kinetics and production improvement SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pichia pastoris; fed-batch fermentation; mixed feed; growth model; botulinum neurotoxin ID BOTULINUM NEUROTOXIN; ALCOHOL OXIDASE; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FED-BATCH; EXPRESSION; YEAST; GENE; PURIFICATION; FRAGMENT AB Fed-batch fermentation of a methanol utilization plus (Mut(+)) Pichia pastoris strain typically has a growth phase followed by a production phase (induction phase). In the growth phase glycerol is usually used as carbon for cell growth while in the production phase methanol serves as both inducer and carbon source for recombinant protein expression. Some researchers employed a mixed glycerol-methanol feeding strategy during the induction phase to improve production, but growth kinetics on glycerol and methanol and the interaction between them were not reported. The objective of this paper is to optimize the mixed feeding strategy based on growth kinetic studies using a Mut(+) Pichia strain, which expresses the heavy-chain fragment C of botulinum neurotoxin serotype C [BoNT/C(Hc)] intracellularly, as a model system. Growth models on glycerol and methanol that describe the relationship between specific growth rate (mu) and specific glycerol/methanol consumption rate (v(gly), v(MeOH)) were established. A mixed feeding strategy with desired mu(gly)/mu(MeOH) = 1, 2, 3, 4 (desired mu(MeOH) set at 0.015 h(-1)) was employed to study growth interactions and their effect on production. The results show that the optimal desired mu(gly)/mu(MeOH) is around 2 for obtaining the highest BoNT/C(Hc) protein content in cells: about 3 mg/g wet cells. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Zhang, WH (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Chem Engn, 207M Othmer Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 24 TC 60 Z9 66 U1 8 U2 31 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 30 IS 4 BP 210 EP 215 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 694PT UT WOS:000183783600003 PM 12687491 ER PT J AU Ayisi, JG Branch, OH Rafi-Janajreh, A van Eijk, AM ter Kuile, FO Rosen, DH Kager, PA Lanar, DE Barbosa, A Kaslow, D Nahlen, BL Lal, AA AF Ayisi, JG Branch, OH Rafi-Janajreh, A van Eijk, AM ter Kuile, FO Rosen, DH Kager, PA Lanar, DE Barbosa, A Kaslow, D Nahlen, BL Lal, AA TI Does infection with human immunodeficiency virus affect the antibody responses to Plasmodium faiciparum antigenic determinants in asymptomatic pregnant women? SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases CY JUL 16-19, 2000 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent ID PLACENTAL MALARIA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; UGANDAN ADULTS; HIV-INFECTION; WESTERN KENYA; BURKINA-FASO; RISK-FACTORS; FALCIPARUM; AREA; PREVALENCE AB Objectives: HIV-seropositive pregnant women are more susceptible to malaria than HIV-seronegative women. We assessed whether HIV infection alters maternal and cord plasma malarial antibody responses and the mother-to-infant transfer of malaria antibodies. Methods: We determined plasma levels of maternal and cord antibodies [Immunoglobulin (IgG)] to recombinant malarial proteins [merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1(19kD)), the erythrocyte binding antigen (EBA-175)], the synthetic peptides [MSP-2, MSP-3, rhoptry associated protein 1 (RAP-1), and the pre-erythrocytic stage, circumsporozoite protein (NANP)5] antigenic determinants of Plasmodium falciparum; and tetanus toxoid (TT) by ELISA among samples of 99 HIV-seropositive mothers, 69 of their infants, 102 HIV-seronegative mothers and 62 of their infants. Results: The prevalence of maternal antibodies to the malarial antigenic determinants ranged from 18% on MSP3 to 91% on EBA-175; in cord plasma it ranged from 13% to 91%, respectively. More than 97% of maternal and cord samples had antibodies to TT. In multivariate analysis, HIV infection was only associated with reduced antibodies to (NANP)5 in maternal (P = 0.001) and cord plasma (P = 0.001); and reduced mother-to-infant antibody transfer to (NANP)5 (P = 0.012). This effect of HIV was independent of maternal age, gravidity and placental malaria. No consistent HIV-associated differences were observed for other antigenic determinants. Conclusion: An effect of HIV infection was only observed on one malarial antigenic determinant, suggesting that the increased susceptibility to malaria among HIV-infected pregnant women may not be explained on the basis of their reduced antibody response to malaria antigens. (C) 2003 The British Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis Trop Med & AIDS, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. WHO, Roll Back Malaria, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Ayisi, JG (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, POB 1578, Kisumu, Kenya. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0163-4453 J9 J INFECTION JI J. Infect. PD APR PY 2003 VL 46 IS 3 BP 164 EP 172 DI 10.1053/jinf.2002.1088 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 661HE UT WOS:000181884500004 PM 12643865 ER PT J AU Dang, GT Mehandru, R Luo, B Ren, F Hobson, WS Lopata, J Tayahi, M Chu, SNG Pearton, SJ Chang, W Shen, H AF Dang, GT Mehandru, R Luo, B Ren, F Hobson, WS Lopata, J Tayahi, M Chu, SNG Pearton, SJ Chang, W Shen, H TI Fabrication and characteristics of high-speed implant-confined index-guided lateral-current 850-nm vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 850-nm vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL); lateral current injection; vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) process integration ID OHMIC CONTACTS; P-GAAS AB Process technology of high-speed implant-apertured index-guide lateral-current-injection top dielectric-mirror quantum-well 850-nm vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) has been developed. Oxygen and helium implantation for aperture definition and extrinsic capacitance reduction, dielectric mirror formation, p- and n-ohmic contact formation, VCSEL resistance, and thermal analysis were investigated. Employing this technology, GaAs/AlGaAs-based 850-nm VCSELs with small signal modulation bandwidths up to 11.5 Gb/s and an eye diagram generated at 12 Gb/s by a pseudorandom bit sequence of 2(31)-1 were achieved. The bit-error rates were below 10(-13). The threshold current is as low as 0.8 mA for 7-mum-diameter current apertures and typical slope efficiencies of 0.45-0.5 mA/mW were obtained. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Multiplex Inc, South Plainfield, NJ 07080 USA. Lucent Technol, Bell Labs, Holmdel, NJ 07733 USA. Agere Syst, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Army Res Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dang, GT (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1020 EP 1031 DI 10.1109/JLT.2003.810093 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA 694GG UT WOS:000183765400017 ER PT J AU deMonsabert, S Snyder, F Shultzaberger, L AF deMonsabert, S Snyder, F Shultzaberger, L TI Comparative evaluation of analytical and intuitive decision making SO JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB This paper examines a technique for evaluating the differences in value among rank-ordered alternatives using both analytical and intuitive decision making. This technique was applied to the ranking of alternative disinfection methods for both a water and wastewater plant. The paper further provides a framework for analyzing and reconciling the differences between analytical and intuitive decision models. Neither exists in a strictly mathematical closed form, so it is important to investigate both to understand where the differences in alternative recommendations reside. A framework such as the one presented here is key to unlocking the subjectivity inherent in and the difficulty surrounding value structure articulation. C1 George Mason Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Infrastruct Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP deMonsabert, S (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Infrastruct Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0742-597X J9 J MANAGE ENG JI J. Manage. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 19 IS 2 BP 42 EP 51 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(2003)19:2(42) PG 10 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 913IK UT WOS:000228144700002 ER PT J AU Doughty, RA AF Doughty, RA TI French strategy in 1914: Joffre's own SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Article AB In August 1914, General Joseph Joffre controlled the design and execution of French strategy. After concentrating the French army on the northeast frontier in the opening days of the war, he waited until after the Germans began their advance to complete the design of his strategy and did not fully inform his political superiors or his military subordinates until he published General Instructions No. 1 on 8 August. As Joffre implemented his strategy, he complied with the provisions of the French-Russian alliance by attacking into Alsace and Lorraine, but he sent his main thrust through central Belgium toward Neufchateau and Arlon where he hoped to avoid the powerful enemy force driving toward his left and strike the enemys less dense, more vulnerable center, French strategy in 1914 was Joffre's own. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Doughty, RA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 BP 427 EP 454 DI 10.1353/jmh.2003.0112 PG 28 WC History SC History GA 664XA UT WOS:000182088700004 ER PT J AU Doughty, RA AF Doughty, RA TI The enemy's house divided SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Doughty, RA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2003 VL 67 IS 2 BP 587 EP 588 DI 10.1353/jmh.2003.0113 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 664XA UT WOS:000182088700048 ER PT J AU Britt, TW Bliese, PD AF Britt, TW Bliese, PD TI Testing the stress-buffering effects of self engagement among soldiers on a military operation SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY LA English DT Article ID JOB INVOLVEMENT; SOCIAL SUPPORT; TRIANGLE MODEL; WORK; HEALTH; RESPONSIBILITY; PERFORMANCE; MULTILEVEL; HARDINESS; IMPACT AB The present research examined whether self engagement moderated the stressor-strain relationship in a sample of U.S. soldiers deployed on a peacekeeping mission to Bosnia. Given that individuals were nested within groups (Army companies), we examined the relationships of interest using multilevel random coefficient models. The results of these analyses revealed that self engagement interacted with three different stressors (lower amounts of sleep, work stress, family stress) in the prediction of psychological distress. In support of self engagement as a buffer against stress, when stressors were low (high amounts of sleep, low levels of work stress, and family stress), soldiers reported relatively low levels of psychological distress and physical symptoms, regardless of whether they were engaged in or disengaged from their job. However, when stressor levels were high, soldiers who were engaged in their job reported less elevation in reports of psychological distress than soldiers who were disengaged from their job. The results are discussed in terms of the potential mechanisms by which self engagement might protect individuals from stressful circumstances. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Psychol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. RP Britt, TW (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Psychol, 418 Brackett Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM twbritt@clemson.edu NR 43 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 13 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHERS PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN STREET, STE 6, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-3506 J9 J PERS JI J. Pers. PD APR PY 2003 VL 71 IS 2 BP 245 EP 265 PG 21 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 659UR UT WOS:000181796300004 PM 12693517 ER PT J AU Green, LK Hondrum, SO AF Green, LK Hondrum, SO TI The effect of design modifications on the torsional and compressive rigidity of U-shaped palatal major connectors SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Prosthodontics CY MAY 02-06, 2002 CL PORTLAND, OREGON SP Acad Prosthodont ID REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES; PLACEMENT AB Statement of problem. Rigidity is a requirement of removable partial denture frameworks. Although commonly used by dentists, the U-shaped (horseshoe) maxillary major connector lacks the rigidity of other maxillary major connector designs. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of changing width, thickness, and shape on the rigidity of U-shaped maxillary major connectors. Material and methods. Five nickel-chrome alloy frameworks were fabricated from the same master cast for each of 4 different U-shape removable partial denture designs. The designs were an 8-mm wide U-shaped strap with a 6-mm posterior strap (A-P strap), a 13-mm-wide U-shape strap (Wide), an 8-mm-wide U-shape strap that widened to 13 rum at the midline (Notch), and an 8-mm-wide U-shaped strap that was twice the thickness of the other straps (Thick). A fifth group of 5 frameworks was made by removing the posterior strap from the A-P strap frameworks (A strap). Two testing points were marked on each framework corresponding to the first premolar and second molar positions. The frameworks were mounted in a universal testing machine, and vertical (torsional) and horizontal (compressive) loads were applied using a 10-kN load cell at a cross-head speed of 2 mm/min until a deflection of 1 mm occurred. A force-deflection curve was generated for each test, and slope of the curves (N/mm) was compared with analysis of variance and Scheffe's F test (alpha=0.05). Results. The Thick group was found to be significantly more rigid (P<.05) than the other frameworks when torsional loads were applied to both the premolar (22.42 N/mm) and molar (10.88 N/mm) areas, and when a compressive load was applied to the premolar (232.85 N/mm) area. The A-P strap group was significantly more rigid (P&LE;.05) than the other designs when a compressive load was applied to the molar (69.56 N/mm) area. Both the Thick and A-P strap groups were significantly more rigid (P<.05) than the Notch and A strap groups in all tests. Conclusion. Doubling the thickness of the anterior strap of a U-shaped maxillary major connector improved the rigidity of the framework to torsional loads. A posterior strap became more effective in maintaining framework rigidity to compressive forces as the length of the arch increased. C1 USA, Love Dent Clin, Dent Activ, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. USA, Dent Mat Lab, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Green, LK (reprint author), USA, Love Dent Clin, Dent Activ, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD APR PY 2003 VL 89 IS 4 BP 400 EP 407 DI 10.1067/mpr.2003.76 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 668YY UT WOS:000182326200014 PM 12690354 ER PT J AU Cahoon, MA Elton, WC AF Cahoon, MA Elton, WC TI A method for fabricating a surgical template after denture fabrication SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article C1 USA, DENTAC, Dent Corps, Dept Prosthodont, Ft Lewis, WA 98431 USA. RP Elton, WC (reprint author), USA, DENTAC, Dent Corps, Dept Prosthodont, Ft Lewis, WA 98431 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD APR PY 2003 VL 89 IS 4 BP 424 EP 424 DI 10.1067/mpr.2003.74 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 668YY UT WOS:000182326200021 PM 12690361 ER PT J AU Milbrath, RL Solomon, NP AF Milbrath, RL Solomon, NP TI Do vocal warm-up exercises alleviate vocal fatigue? SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Convention of the American-Speech-Language-Hearing-Association CY NOV, 2001 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP American Speech Language Hear Assoc DE vocal fatigue; warm-up exercises; phonation threshold pressure; effort ID PHONATION THRESHOLD PRESSURE; LARYNGEAL AIRWAY-RESISTANCE; GLOTTAL CONFIGURATION; SYSTEMIC HYDRATION; VOICE PRODUCTION; TEACHERS; FOLD; DISORDERS; RECOVERY; REMOVAL AB Vocal warm-up (WU) exercises of varying types and durations have been suggested as a way of improving vocal function. However, limited research has been conducted to assess the effects of vocal WU exercises on normal or disordered voices. This study attempted to manipulate vocal function, assessed by phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and self-perceived phonatory effort (PPE) at 3 pitches, in 8 young women who reported symptoms of chronic vocal fatigue. Predictions were that PTP and PPE would decrease after 20 min of vocal WU exercises, increase after 1 hr of loud reading, and decrease after 30 min of vocal silence. Furthermore, greater increases in PTP and PPE were expected when the loud-reading task was preceded by a placebo condition of vocal rest than by vocal WU exercises. Results failed to reveal statistically significant changes in PTP or PPE after any of the experimental tasks. High between-subject variability contributed to this result. Removal of 1 outlier from the sample resulted in a statistically significant difference for PTP across tasks, although post hoc pairwise comparisons failed to detect specific effects. Informal inspection of the data indicated that the most obvious difference was an increase in PTP after the loud-reading task at the highest pitch. C1 Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Solomon, NP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 52 TC 38 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 USA SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 46 IS 2 BP 422 EP 436 DI 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/035) PG 15 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA 714HA UT WOS:000184906200017 PM 14700383 ER PT J AU Larkin, TM Carragee, E Cohen, S AF Larkin, TM Carragee, E Cohen, S TI Novel technique for delivery of epidural steroids and diagnosing the level of nerve root pathology SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE epidural steroid injection; cervical spine; complications; radiculopathy ID POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA; INJECTIONS; SCIATICA; BLOCKS; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; EFFICACY; PAIN AB Transforaminal epidural steroids are a commonly used technique for diagnosis and treatment of nerve root irritation secondary to herniated disc material. The recent reported occurrences of severe complications using the transforaminal technique have led to the search for a novel alternative that is both a safe and accurate method of steroid delivery. The technique described offers improved safety and diagnostic accuracy over traditional transforaminal steroid injections. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Pain Management Ctr, Dept Anesthesia, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Orthoped Surg, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Pain Management Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Larkin, TM (reprint author), Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, CMR 402,Box 961, APO, AE 09180 USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1536-0652 J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech. PD APR PY 2003 VL 16 IS 2 BP 186 EP 192 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 664HM UT WOS:000182055700011 PM 12679674 ER PT J AU Haugen, LB Ayers, PD Anderson, AB AF Haugen, LB Ayers, PD Anderson, AB TI Vehicle movement patterns and vegetative impacts during military training exercises SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE vehicle tracking; GPS; GIS; off-road; velocity; turning radius; vegetation impacts AB The operation of off-road vehicles during military training exercises can affect the environmental conditions of training lands by removing or disturbing vegetation. The use of global positioning systems (GPS)-based vehicle tracking systems can help to characterize the movement of vehicles during training exercises for the purpose of quantifying vegetative impacts. The combination of GPS positions of vehicles in the field during a training exercise, and geographic information system (GIS) maps of the training installation can provide information about vehicle-specific vegetation impacts of a training exercise, as related to vehicle locations, turning radius and velocity. Such relationships can be used to estimate off-road vegetation impacts. Twenty GPS-based vehicle tracking systems were installed on vehicles of the US Army 3rd Brigade 1/14 Cavalry to evaluate vegetation impacts during a 10 day reconnaissance training exercise at Yakima Training Center in Yakima, WA. The vehicle tracking systems were programmed to record the position of the vehicles every second. The resulting vehicle tracking data were analyzed for quantity of travel per day of the training activity, quantity of travel on and off roads, off-road vehicle dynamic properties turning radius and velocity, and off-road vegetation removed. The vehicles were in motion an average of 8.4% (approximately 2 h per day) of the training exercise time. The average distance traveled per day on roads was 33.5 km, and the average distance traveled per day off-roads was 7.7 km. On average, the vehicles spent 16% of their off-road traveling time at turning radii less than 20 m. Vegetation impacts were compared for different missions. The zone reconnaissance mission produced the highest vegetation impact per distance traveled. (C) 2003 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USA, Erdc, CERL, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Ayers, PD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, 2506 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ayers@utk.edu NR 6 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD APR PY 2003 VL 40 IS 2 BP 83 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2003.09.004 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 766KW UT WOS:000188376400001 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB McMullin, NR Kozar, RA Lygas, MH Moore, FA AF Holcomb, JB McMullin, NR Kozar, RA Lygas, MH Moore, FA TI Morbidity from rib fractures increases after age 45 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Meeting of the Western-Trauma-Association CY FEB 24-MAR 01, 2002 CL WHISTLER-BLACKCOMBE, CANADA SP Western Trauma Assoc ID TRAUMA PATIENTS; EPIDURAL ANALGESIA; MORTALITY; RISK; SURVIVAL; INJURY; DEATH AB BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated increased morbidity in elderly patients with rib fractures after blunt trauma. As a first step in creating a multidisciplinary rib fracture clinical pathway, we sought to determine the relationship between increasing age, number of rib fractures, and adverse outcomes in blunt chest trauma patients, without major abdominal or brain injury. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective cohort study involving all blunt patients greater than 15 years old with rib fractures, excluding those with Abbreviated Injury Scores (AIS) greater than 2 for abdomen and head, admitted to an urban Level I trauma center during 20 months. Outcomes parameters included the number of rib fractures, Injury Severity Score (ISS), intrathoracic injuries, pulmonary complications, number of ventilator days, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), hospital stay, and type of analgesia. RESULTS: Of the 6,096 patients admitted, 171 (2.8%) met the inclusion criteria. Based on an analysis of increasing age, number of rib fractures, and adverse outcomes variables, patients were separated into four groups: group 1, 15 to 44 years old with 1 to 4 rib fractures; group 2, 15 to 44 years old with more than 4 rib fractures; group 3, 45 years or older with 1 to 4 rib fractures; and group 4, 45 years or more with more than 4 rib fractures. The four groups had similar numbers of pulmonary contusions (30%) and incidence of hemopneumothorax (51%). Ventilator days (5.8 +/- 1.8), ICU days (7.5 +/- 1.8), and total hospital stay (14.0 +/- 2.2) were increased in group 4 patients compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). Epidural analgesia did not affect outcomes. Overall mortality was 2.9% and was not different between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Patients over the age of 45 with more than four rib fractures are more severely injured and at increased risk of adverse outcomes. Efforts to decrease rib fracture morbidity should focus not only on elderly patients but those as young as 45 years. Based on these data we have initiated a multidisciplinary clinical pathway focusing on patients 45 years and older who have more than four rib fractures. (C) 2003 by the American College of Surgeons. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Mem Hermann Hosp, Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Trauma & Crit Care, Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Houston, TX USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 20 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 196 IS 4 BP 549 EP 555 DI 10.1016/S1072-7515(02)01894-X PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 665UE UT WOS:000182139000007 PM 12691929 ER PT J AU Ding, MS AF Ding, MS TI Liquid phase boundaries, dielectric constant, and viscosity of PC-DEC and PC-EC binary carbonates SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PROPYLENE CARBONATE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; ELECTROLYTES; DIAGRAMS; DIMETHOXYETHANE; CONDUCTIVITY; DENSITY; LIPF6 AB Among the most important properties of a binary carbonate for its application in nonaqueous electrolytes for lithium batteries are its liquid phase boundaries, dielectric constant epsilon, and viscosity eta. These properties were therefore experimentally evaluated in this work for two typical binary carbonates: propylene carbonate-diethyl carbonate (PC-DEC) and propylene carbonate-ethylene carbonate (PC-EC). Forming the upper temperature boundary of the liquid phase, the bubble point theta(b) was found to change monotonically with solvent composition, falling with a large curvature from the boiling point of PC to that of DEC in PC-DEC, but rising to that of EC in PC-EC. Giving the lowest temperature of the liquid phase, the eutectic point of PC-DEC was found to be about 10degrees below the melting point of DEC, and that of PC-EC, only a few degrees below PC. The epsilon changed with solvent composition monotonically, falling with the weight fraction w of DEC in PC-DEC but rising with w of EC in PC-EC, and fell with rising temperature theta in both solvents. Bjerrum critical distance for ion pairing was evaluated from the measured epsilon data and was found to depend weakly on theta but strongly on w. Glass transition temperature T-g was measured for the two solvents for the purpose of evaluating their eta and was found to fall with w of DEC in PC-DEC but rise slowly with w of EC in PC-EC. The apparent parallelism in the changes of theta(b), epsilon, and T-g was attributed to their common connection to the internal cohesion of a solvent. As eta is also largely determined by this cohesion, it was argued and demonstrated that T-g could be used to qualitatively evaluate eta of the carbonates and their mixtures. eta of the two solvents was thus seen to fall with w of DEC in PC-DEC and rise slowly with w of EC in PC-EC. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ding, MS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 29 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD APR PY 2003 VL 150 IS 4 BP A455 EP A462 DI 10.1149/1.1557968 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 654UU UT WOS:000181515100008 ER PT J AU Dougherty, PJ AF Dougherty, PJ TI Long-term follow-up of unflateral transfemoral amputees from the Vietnam War SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE land mine; transfemoral amputees; War wounds ID LOWER-LIMB AMPUTATION; INTERNATIONAL-COMMITTEE; ANTIPERSONNEL MINES; RED-CROSS; EXPERIENCE; INJURIES; PEOPLE AB Background: Despite their frequency, few reports exist concerning the initial and long-term consequences of battle-incurred unilateral transfemoral amputations. Methods: A retrospective cohort design was used to measure the long-term health of transfemoral battle amputees treated at a single hospital during the Vietnam War. Data collection consisted of medical record abstraction and a follow-up questionnaire that included the SF-36 Health Survey. Results: Forty-six patients responded to the survey an average of 28 years after injury. Compared with the controls, patient responses to the SF-36 were significantly (p < 0.01) less in all categories except Mental Health and Vitality. Forty-three (93.5%) are or have been married. Forty-one (89.1%) are or have been employed an average of 20.1 years. Forty patients (87%) wore a prosthesis an average of 13.5 h/day. Conclusion: Although the patients do relatively well with employment and marriage stability, the low SF-36 scores suggest a significant disability. C1 USA, Med Corp, William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Dougherty, PJ (reprint author), USA, Med Corp, William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. NR 32 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD APR PY 2003 VL 54 IS 4 BP 718 EP 723 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000046260.16866.A9 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 675AT UT WOS:000182671400018 PM 12707534 ER PT J AU Evans, LA Ferguson, KH Foley, JP Rozanski, TA Morey, AF AF Evans, LA Ferguson, KH Foley, JP Rozanski, TA Morey, AF TI Fibrin sealant for the management of genitourinary injuries, fistulas and surgical complications SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urogenital surgical procedures; tissue adhesives; hemostatic techniques ID RANDOMIZED TRIAL; GLUE; MULTICENTER; RAT AB Purpose: We report our preliminary experience with the use of fibrin sealant to manage iatrogenic urinary tract injuries, complex urinary fistulas, and urological surgical complications. Materials and Methods: Topical fibrin sealant was used in 19 patients for iatrogenic urinary tract injury during gynecological or general surgical procedures (7), complex urinary fistulas (5) or urological surgical complications (7). Results: Successful resolution of the injury, fistula or complication was attained after a single application of fibrin sealant in the 18 patients (94.7%) in whom a direct injection technique was used. The only failure (formation of a vesicovaginal fistula) occurred with the air driven sprayed sealant delivery technique after sutured closure of iatrogenic cystotomy during vaginal hysterectomy. Conclusions: Liquid fibrin sealant appears to be safe and prudent for use in urological "damage control" from trauma, fistulas or surgical complications. Direct injection over a sutured urinary anastomosis appears to be highly effective in preventing urinary drainage. Additional study is needed to define further the role and best use of tissue adhesives in urology. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Evans, LA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 21 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 169 IS 4 BP 1360 EP 1362 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000052663.84060.ea PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 656YY UT WOS:000181639700031 PM 12629361 ER PT J AU Hedlund, J Forsythe, GB Horvath, JA Williams, WM Snook, S Sternberg, RJ AF Hedlund, J Forsythe, GB Horvath, JA Williams, WM Snook, S Sternberg, RJ TI Identifying and assessing tacit knowledge: understanding the practical intelligence of military leaders SO LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY LA English DT Article ID JOB-PERFORMANCE; WORK EXPERIENCE; PERCEPTIONS; PERSPECTIVE; MANAGEMENT; VALIDITY; RATINGS; SKILLS AB Tacit knowledge (TK) is knowledge drawn from everyday experience that helps individuals to solve real-world, practical problems. This study applied a method for identifying and assessing TK to the domain of military leadership in order to understand why some leaders are more successful than others. Interviews were conducted with Army officers at three levels of leadership in order to identify the type of practical, experience-based knowledge that is not necessarily part of formal training or doctrine. Subsequently, the Tacit Knowledge for Military Leaders (TKML) inventory, consisting of a series of leadership scenarios, was developed to assess the amount of knowledge leaders possess. Three versions of the TKML were administered to a total of 562 leaders at the platoon, company, and battalion levels. At all three levels, TKML scores correlated with ratings of leadership effectiveness from either peers or superiors, and the scores explained variance in leadership effectiveness beyond a test of general verbal ability and a test of TK for managers. These results indicate that domain-specific TK can explain individual differences in leadership effectiveness and suggest that leadership development initiatives should include efforts to facilitate the acquisition of TK. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Cent Connecticut State Univ, Dept Criminol, New Britain, CT 06050 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Millennium Pharmaceut, Cambridge, MA USA. Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Business, Boston, MA 02163 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. RP Hedlund, J (reprint author), Cent Connecticut State Univ, Dept Criminol, 1615 Stanley St,POB 4010, New Britain, CT 06050 USA. NR 57 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1048-9843 J9 LEADERSHIP QUART JI Leadersh. Q. PD APR PY 2003 VL 14 IS 2 BP 117 EP 140 DI 10.1016/S1048-9843(03)00006-7 PG 24 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 697RB UT WOS:000183956100001 ER PT J AU Minyard, CM AF Minyard, CM TI Terrible Terry Allen: Combat general of World War II; The life of an American soldier. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. RP Minyard, CM (reprint author), USA, Mt Pleasant, MI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 1 PY 2003 VL 128 IS 6 BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 673WP UT WOS:000182603500090 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Pennick, GJ Sutton, DA Crawford, GE Jorgensen, JH AF Hepburn, MJ Pennick, GJ Sutton, DA Crawford, GE Jorgensen, JH TI Candida krusei renal cyst infection and measurement of amphotericin B levels in cystic fluid in a patient receiving AmBisome (R) SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AmBisome; amphotericin B; Candida krusei; renal cyst ID POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; ANTIBIOTIC CONCENTRATIONS; MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; FLUCONAZOLE; EFFICACY AB Candida krusei is an opportunistic pathogen commonly implicated in urinary tract infections in immunocompromised patients. We present the first case of C. krusei renal cyst infection, occurring in a post- liver and kidney transplant patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Her persistent candiduria and fevers were refractory to prolonged therapy with AmBisome(R) ( Fujisawa Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan). She eventually required bilateral nephrectomies of her native kidneys. Cystic fluid was aspirated from six hemorrhagic and six nonhemorrhagic cysts. Cystic fluid cultures yielded C. krusei. Fluid from the nonhemorrhagic cysts was also analyzed for amphotericin B levels, measured using a bioassay. Free amphotericin B levels in the cysts were lower than the minimal inhibitory concentration for amphotericin B for this organism. We provide the first description of amphotericin B levels in cystic fluid obtained during bilateral nephrectomies. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI 4W, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM matthew.hepburn@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 41 IS 2 BP 163 EP 165 DI 10.1080/714858206 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 891CU UT WOS:000226559700011 PM 12964849 ER PT J AU Post, JC Melendez, ME Hershey, DN Hakim, A AF Post, JC Melendez, ME Hershey, DN Hakim, A TI Lessons learned from a successful MEDRETE in El Salvador SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-AMERICA AB Medical readiness education and training exercises are short-term exercises designed to provide health care and preventive medicine education to underserved civilian populations overseas. These high profile missions provide superb training opportunities, build democracies, and can be a powerful incentive to retain soldiers in the Reserves. Despite this, the literature offers little guidance in terms of how to best conduct a MEDRETE, particularly with a unit that has not been recently deployed. A U.S. Army Reserve unit was deployed to El Salvador following two devastating earthquakes and treated 20,890 patients in 10 days. This patient volume was achieved by a close cooperative effort among an experienced Mission Coordinator and Reservists and superb host nation support. Lessons learned regarding predeployment, deployment, patient management, and safety issues are presented to assist future units in conducting successful medical readiness education and training exercises. C1 HQ US Army S, Off Deputy Chief Staff Operat, HC&A Div, Med Exercise Branch, N Charleston, PA 15108 USA. 339th Combat Support Hosp, Coraopolis, PA 15108 USA. RP Post, JC (reprint author), HQ US Army S, Off Deputy Chief Staff Operat, HC&A Div, Med Exercise Branch, 7268 Spa Rd, N Charleston, PA 15108 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 4 BP 287 EP 292 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AE UT WOS:000186549600004 PM 12733672 ER PT J AU Kilian, DB Lee, AP Lynch, L Gunzenhauser, J AF Kilian, DB Lee, AP Lynch, L Gunzenhauser, J TI Estimating selected disease and nonbattle injury Echelon I and Echelon II outpatient visits of United States soldiers and marines in an operational setting from corresponding Echelon III (hospitalizations) admissions in the same theater of operation SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Currently, disease and nonbattle injury estimates are based on hospital admission logs and not on battalion aid stations nor medical company patient logs. A significant amount of morbidity can be overlooked and can mislead commanders and their staffs into believing that their unit is at a higher strength level. The objective of this article is to provide a tool for estimating these "hidden" disease and nonbattle injury cases. Nine weeks of military hospitalization data (687 admissions) separated into 14 diagnosis categories were compared with respective outpatient morbidity data (12,109 outpatient visits) during Operation Restore Hope in Somalia in 1993. Proportionate values and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for 5 of the 14 diagnostic categories and total morbidity. These proportionate values were then used to show how disease and nonbattle injury (total and diagnosis category) could be estimated based on hospitalization admissions during a similar military operation. Mission and geographical location information should be considered when using this model, along with other medical planning publications. C1 USA, Off Surg Gen, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Environm Qual Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kilian, DB (reprint author), USA, Off Surg Gen, 5109 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. NR 8 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 4 BP 293 EP 297 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AE UT WOS:000186549600005 PM 12733673 ER PT J AU Fritz, LA Kay, JK Garrett, N AF Fritz, LA Kay, JK Garrett, N TI Description of the oxygen concentration delivered using different combinations of oxygen reservoir volumes and supplemental oxygen flow rates with the Ohmeda Universal Portable Anesthesia Complete draw-over vaporizer system SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 68th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Nurse-Anesthetists CY AUG 11-15, 2001 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Assoc Nurse Anesthetists ID CARDIOLOGY PATIENT SIMULATOR; UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; CRITICAL INCIDENTS; SKILL ACQUISITION; OPERATING-ROOM; APPARATUS; PERFORMANCE; HYPOTHERMIA; SURVIVAL; HARVEY AB The Ohmeda Universal Portable Anesthesia Complete system is used in austere conditions where oxygen resources are limited and must be conserved. The purpose of this study was to describe the concentration of oxygen delivered with different combinations of seven oxygen reservoir volumes and four oxygen flow rates. The Medical Education Technologies Incorporated Human Patient Simulator reproduced human physiological tidal volumes of four simulated patients of different weights based upon a typical soldier's weight. Using least squares multiple nonlinear regression, a formula for the curves of the oxygen concentrations was developed. The analysis, across the different patient weights, showed no appreciable increase in oxygen concentration beyond a reservoir volume of 260 mL. Our findings suggest the current standard universal portable anesthesia complete reservoir may not provide optimal oxygen delivery, therefore, we recommend the current reservoir volume be increased from 130 to 260 mL. C1 USA, William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Grad Program Anesthesia Nursing, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Fritz, LA (reprint author), USA, William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Grad Program Anesthesia Nursing, Phase II Site,5005 N Piedras St,Stop 58, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 4 BP 304 EP 311 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AE UT WOS:000186549600007 PM 12733675 ER PT J AU Taylor, PW Lukey, BJ Clark, CR Lee, RB Roussel, RR AF Taylor, PW Lukey, BJ Clark, CR Lee, RB Roussel, RR TI Field verification of Test-mate ChE SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The objective was to evaluate the ability of the Test-mate ChE to determine acetylcholinesterase (ACNE) activity under field conditions. To mimic nerve agent exposure, the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense spiked blood samples with variable amounts of soman. Blinded to the identity of the samples, the 520th Theater Army Medical Laboratory tested the samples during a field training exercise inside their environmentally controlled mobile facility. The technicians repeated measurements for 6 consecutive days, and on 1 of the days repeated the measurements six times. The technicians accurately identified all of the samples and quantified the ACNE activity. The major trend was that the Test-mate ChE is more precise and reproducible for smaller doses of soman. The results were reliable over all temperatures during the field exercise. In conclusion, the Test-mate ChE is a reliable field instrument to determine blood ACNE activity. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Robyn B Lee & Associates, LLC, Fawn Grove, PA 17321 USA. 520th TAML, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Taylor, PW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 4 BP 314 EP 319 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AE UT WOS:000186549600009 PM 12733677 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Battafarano, DF Enzenauer, RJ Salzberg, DJ Murphy, FT Parisek, RA Kroenke, K AF Hepburn, MJ Battafarano, DF Enzenauer, RJ Salzberg, DJ Murphy, FT Parisek, RA Kroenke, K TI Increasing resident research in a military internal medicine program SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Council-of-Graduate-Medical-Education CY MAR 02, 2000 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Council Grad Med Educ ID READ CLINICAL JOURNALS; RESEARCH REQUIREMENTS; RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT; RESEARCH EXPERIENCE; TRAINING-PROGRAMS; PRODUCTIVITY; PSYCHIATRY; LEARN AB The internal medicine residents from our training program rarely participated in scholarly activity prior to 1994. In an attempt to increase the quality and quantity of resident research, we initiated a research program that included: (1) a mandatory research project, (2) 2 months of dedicated research time, (3) appointment of a research director, (4) lectures on the critical appraisal of medical literature and research design, (5) technical support, (6) faculty mentoring, (7) a research meeting and competition involving five residency programs, and (8) military achievement awards. From 1994 to 1999, our house staff has had 134 research presentations and 21 manuscripts accepted for publication in peer-reviewed journals. Ninety percent of our residents presented at least one project at a scientific meeting by completion of their training between 1996 and 1999. Resident scholarly activity is significantly enhanced by a structured research program, an opportunity to present at a scientific meeting, and award recognition. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Internal Med Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Internal Med Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 4 BP 341 EP 345 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AE UT WOS:000186549600015 PM 12733683 ER PT J AU Oglesby, RJ Roebuck, JD AF Oglesby, RJ Roebuck, JD TI A 36-year-old military recruit with recurrent myalgias and weakness SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RHABDOMYOLYSIS AB The objective of this study was to discuss a comprehensive yet cost-effective approach to working up active duty patients with recurrent rhabdomyolysis. A 36-year-old male Army recruit was evaluated at Walter Reed Army Medical Center for recurrent rhabdomyolysis. This case illustrates a practical and cost-effective approach to this goal. questions along the way are meant to highlight military relevance and expand diagnostic considerations of muscle pain beyond the usual. The case takes an interesting twist and reinforces that, as providers, we must explore every aspect of our patient's history to the fullest to be effective diagnosticians. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Oglesby, RJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Rheumatol & Clin Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 168 IS 4 BP 348 EP 350 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743AE UT WOS:000186549600017 PM 12733685 ER PT J AU Khan, AS Cao, CJ Thompson, RG Valdes, JJ AF Khan, AS Cao, CJ Thompson, RG Valdes, JJ TI A simple and rapid fluorescence-based immunoassay for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE staphylococcal enterotoxin B; immunoassay; detection; biothreat agents; fluorescence ID ANTIBODIES AB The bioterrorism threat is perceived to be a real challenge to our nation's security. This threat has necessitated the design of better and faster assays for the detection of biothreat agents including staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), a causative agent of food poisoning. This study describes a simple, fast and highly sensitive fluorescence-based immunoassay, in which the antibody is fluorescently-labeled for use in this assay. Use of labeled antibodies resulted in very low level of detection of SEB, 100 pg/well. This method is four times faster than classical and conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Khan, AS (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSSB, RRT, E3330-143,5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 3 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD APR-JUN PY 2003 VL 17 IS 2-3 BP 125 EP 126 DI 10.1016/S0890-8508(02)00109-3 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 692JH UT WOS:000183657600010 PM 12788034 ER PT J AU Erickson, JC Jabbari, B Difazio, MP AF Erickson, JC Jabbari, B Difazio, MP TI Basal ganglia injury as a complication of the ketogenic diet SO MOVEMENT DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE ketogenic diet; chorea; dystonia; mitochondrial metabolism ID CHILDREN; VALPROATE AB Movement disorders or basal ganglia injury have not been reported as complications of the ketogenic diet, an alternative treatment for intractable epilepsy. We report on a novel complication of the ketogenic diet manifesting as a severe extrapyramidal movement disorder and bilateral putaminal lesions. A single case is described. A video demonstrating the movement disorder is included. A 5-year-old girl with a cryptogenic epileptic encephalopathy developed focal dystonia, diffuse chorea, and ataxia after starting the ketogenic diet. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated bilateral putaminal lesions that were not present before starting the diet. MR spectroscopy showed a lactate peak in the basal ganglia, suggesting a failure of mitochondrial energy metabolism as the mechanism of cerebral injury. The radiographic abnormalities resolved after stopping the diet, although the movement disorder persisted. Basal ganglia injury and extrapyramidal movement abnormalities are potential complications of the ketogenic diet. Concomitant use of valproate or a latent inborn error of metabolism may be risk factors for these rare complications. (C) 2002 Movement Disorder Society. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Difazio, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0885-3185 J9 MOVEMENT DISORD JI Mov. Disord. PD APR PY 2003 VL 18 IS 4 BP 448 EP 451 DI 10.1002/mds.10372 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 667ZH UT WOS:000182264800016 PM 12671955 ER PT J AU Kim, YG Walker, J Samuelson, LA Kumar, J AF Kim, YG Walker, J Samuelson, LA Kumar, J TI Efficient light harvesting polymers for nanocrystalline TiO2 photovoltaic cells SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DYE-SENSITIZED TIO2; CHARGE-TRANSFER; SOLAR-CELLS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; FILMS; RUTHENIUM(II); COMPLEXES; CONVERSION; TRANSPORT AB Carboxylated polythiophenes were found to be alternative photo sensitizers for nanocrystalline TiO2 photovoltaic (PV) cells. The overall solar-to-electric energy conversion efficiency found was similar to1.5% in these regenerative electrochemical photovoltaic cells without any dye sensitizer. These initial and promising results are believed to be due to the presence of the carboxylic group which provides enhanced adsorption and transport of the photoinduced charge. Further optimization is expected to result in even higher PV performance. C1 Univ Lowell, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Samuelson, LA (reprint author), Univ Lowell, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 24 TC 118 Z9 122 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2003 VL 3 IS 4 BP 523 EP 525 DI 10.1021/nl0259535 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 666XM UT WOS:000182201800019 ER PT J AU Basta, M Van Goor, F Luccioli, S Billings, EM Vortmeyer, AO Baranyi, L Szebeni, J Alving, CR Carroll, MC Berkower, I Stojilkovic, SS Metcalfe, DD AF Basta, M Van Goor, F Luccioli, S Billings, EM Vortmeyer, AO Baranyi, L Szebeni, J Alving, CR Carroll, MC Berkower, I Stojilkovic, SS Metcalfe, DD TI F(ab)'(2)-mediated neutralization of C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins: a novel effector function of immunoglobulins SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DOSE INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; COMPLEMENT; RECEPTORS; ASTHMA; PATHOGENESIS; MODULATION; ACTIVATION; COMPONENTS; FRAGMENTS AB High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) prevents immune damage by scavenging complement fragments C3b and C4b. We tested the hypothesis that exogenous immunoglobulin molecules also bind anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, thereby neutralizing their pro-inflammatory effects. Single-cell calcium measurements in HMC-1 human mast cells showed that a rise in intracellular calcium caused by C3a and C5a was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by IVIG, F(ab)'(2)-IVIG and irrelevant human monoclonal antibody. C3a- and C5a-induced thromboxane (TXB2) generation and histamine release from HMC-1 cells and whole-blood basophils were also suppressed by exogenous immunoglobulins. In a mouse model of asthma, immunoglobulin treatment reduced cellular migration to the lung. Lethal C5a-mediated circulatory collapse in pigs was prevented by pretreatment with F(ab)'(2)-IVIG. Molecular modeling, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and western blot analyses suggested a physical association between anaphylatoxins and the constant region of F(ab)'(2). This binding could interfere with the role of C3a and C5a in inflammation. C1 NINDS, Neuronal Excitabil Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NICHHD, Sect Cellular Signaling, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Lab Allerg Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NHLBI, Computat Biophys Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NINDS, Surg Neurol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. US FDA, Immunoregulat Lab, Off Vaccines, Ctr Biol, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. RP Basta, M (reprint author), NINDS, Neuronal Excitabil Sect, NIH, Bldg 36,Rm 4D04, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. OI Basta, Milan/0000-0001-5958-9241 NR 38 TC 138 Z9 142 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD APR PY 2003 VL 9 IS 4 BP 431 EP 438 DI 10.1038/nm836 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 663CD UT WOS:000181987400033 PM 12612546 ER PT J AU Mahalanobis, A Sims, SRF Van Nevel, A AF Mahalanobis, A Sims, SRF Van Nevel, A TI Signal-to-clutter measure for measuring automatic target recognition performance using complimentary eigenvalue distribution analysis SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE signal-to-clutter ratio; automatic target recognition; eigenvalue; eigenvectors ID CLASSIFICATION AB The performance of an automatic target recognition (ATR) algorithm is not only influenced by the relevance of the prior (training) information, but also by the level of difficulty posed by the clutter that surrounds the target. Thus, an objective measure of target- (or signal-) to-clutter ratio (SCR) is important for the assessment of ATRs. We describe a new metric for SCR based on an eigen analysis of a two-class problem. It is believed that an SCR metric, along with a measure for the relevancy of the training data, are the key parameters for the characterization of ATR performance. Various examples are given to illustrate the application of eigen analysis in determining the difficulty level of finding a particular target in the presence of clutter, and consequently how this new SCR metric defines the potential for false alarms. (C) 2003 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Lockheed Martin, Missles & Fire Control Syst, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Missile Guidance Directorate, Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. USN, Image & Signal Proc Branch, Sensors & Signal Sci Div, Dept Res,Air Warfare Ctr ,Weapon Div, China Lake, CA 93555 USA. RP Mahalanobis, A (reprint author), Lockheed Martin, Missles & Fire Control Syst, MP 450,5600 Sandlake Rd, Orlando, FL 32819 USA. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD APR PY 2003 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1144 EP 1151 DI 10.1117/1.1556012 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 666UE UT WOS:000182194200038 ER PT J AU Loxley, EC Liewehr, FR Buxton, TB McPherson, JC AF Loxley, EC Liewehr, FR Buxton, TB McPherson, JC TI The effect of various intracanal oxidizing agents on the push-out strength of various perforation repair materials SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Endodontists CY 2001 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP American Assoc Endodontists ID MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE; END FILLING MATERIAL; MARGINAL ADAPTATION; SEALING ABILITY; BOND STRENGTH; IN-VITRO; DENTIN; RESORPTION; LEAKAGE AB Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of intracanal oxidizing agents on the strength of materials used to repair root perforations. Study design. Standardized perforations in bovine root samples were repaired with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Super-EBA cement (S-EBA), or intermediate restorative material (IRM). After 7 days, 10 samples from each group were tested for push-out strength with an Instron machine (controls). The remaining samples were immersed in NaOCl, sodium perborate mixed with saline (SPB+S), Superoxol (SO), sodium perborate mixed with Superoxol (SPB+SO), or saline for 7 days to investigate the effect of irrigating and walking bleach compounds on the perforation repair materials. Push-out strength values were compared with those of the dry materials to determine whether any loss of integrity had occurred. Results. MTA was statistically significantly less resistant across conditions to displacement than S-EBA or IRM. IRM was consistent across treatment conditions, whereas S-EBA lost strength when exposed to NaOCl, SPB+S, or SPB+SO. Exposure to SPB+S had the greatest effect on all 3 materials. Conclusions. IRM performed consistently as a perforation repair material despite exposure to oxidizing agents, whereas MTA was less resistant to dislodgement than either IRM or S-EBA and was more affected than IRM by sodium perborate-containing bleaching solutions. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Baumholder Dent Clin, Baumholder, Germany. USA, Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctrt, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Liewehr, FR (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD APR PY 2003 VL 95 IS 4 BP 490 EP 494 DI 10.1067/moe.2003.32 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 666VB UT WOS:000182196200020 PM 12686936 ER PT J AU Zakaluzny, SA Lane, JD Mair, EA AF Zakaluzny, SA Lane, JD Mair, EA TI Complications of tracheobronchial airway stents SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 104th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 24-29, 2000 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID EXPANDABLE METALLIC STENTS; BRONCHOMALACIA; MANAGEMENT AB OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to identify and analyze airway stent complications and to devise approaches to manage stent complications. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a retrospective review of patients from a tertiary medical center. METHODS: Twenty-eight airway stents were placed in 23 patients for benign (n = 15) and malignant (n = 13) tracheobronchial diseases. All patients were followed clinically for signs of complications. RESULTS: Nine complications (8 in those with benign disease and 1 in a patient with malignant disease) were identified and included stent migration (n = 3), excessive granulation tissue (n = 2), stent fracture (n = 1), poor patient tolerance (n = 2), and inability to place (n = 1). Avoidance and management strategies for stent complications are introduced. CONCLUSION: Tracheobronchial stents provide minimally invasive therapy for significant airway obstruction. Stent complications are more frequently encountered in the long-term treatment of benign conditions. Stents can be successfully removed endoscopically if complications arise, but the longer a metallic stent is in place, the more difficult it is to remove. SIGNIFICANCE: As airway stent use increases, proper management will be required to avoid and manage complications. This is the first report to focus on stent complications and their management. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Intervent Radiol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mair, EA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 12 TC 76 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD APR PY 2003 VL 128 IS 4 BP 478 EP 488 DI 10.1016/mhn.2003.107 PG 11 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 669HQ UT WOS:000182346200006 PM 12707649 ER PT J AU Li, QG Si, YZ Lee, P Wong, E Xie, LH Kyle, DE Dow, GS AF Li, QG Si, YZ Lee, P Wong, E Xie, LH Kyle, DE Dow, GS TI Efficacy comparison of intravenous artelinate and artesunate in Plasmodium berghei-infected Sprague-Dawley rats SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE artesunate; artelinate; antimalarials; Plasmodium berghei; rat malaria model ID ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; PHARMACOLOGY; DERIVATIVES; QINGHAOSU; ACID; DIHYDROARTEMISININ; PHARMACOKINETICS; ALBENDAZOLE; ARTEMETHER AB This paper reports the comparative antimalarial efficacy of intravenous artelinate and artesunate in rats. Prior to efficacy experiments, a Plasmodium berghei-Sprague-Dawley rat model of malaria was developed, in which the clearance effects of intravenous drugs could be readily compared. In efficacy experiments, groups of P. berghei-infected rats were given 3 daily intravenous treatments of artelinate or artesunate at molar equivalent dose rates (total of 0-191(.)2 mumoles/kg). Artelinate was superior to artesunate in terms of clearance (100% clearance dose of 95(.)6 mumoles/kg (40 mg/kg) versus 191(.)2 mumoles/ kg for AS (73-4 mg/kg)) and parasite clearance time (1(.)7+/-0(.)5 days for AL versus 2(.)7+/-0(.)5 days for AS at a dose rate of 191(.)2 mumoles/kg, P < 0(.)01). No frank clinical toxicity was observed, though both artesunate and artelinate induced dose-related vascular necrosis at the site of injection. The necrosis was less severe and reversible when the drugs were administered via femoral, rather than tail/foot veins. The data suggest that the P. berghei-7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rat model of malaria is reproducible and useful for assessing the efficacy of antimalarials and that artelinate is at least as potent, and safe, as artesunate, the leading clinical treatment for severe malaria. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Li, QG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Pharmacol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0031-1820 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD APR PY 2003 VL 126 BP 283 EP 291 DI 10.1017/S0031182002002901 PN 4 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 750ZU UT WOS:000187029000001 PM 12741507 ER PT J AU Blaschke, GS Lynch, J AF Blaschke, GS Lynch, J TI Terrorism: Its impact on primary pediatrics, part III SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA USA. USN Reserve, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Blaschke, GS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 216 EP 217 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800002 PM 12723115 ER PT J AU Burklow, TR Yu, CE Madsen, JM AF Burklow, TR Yu, CE Madsen, JM TI Industrial chemicals: Terrorist weapons of opportunity SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Outpatient Pediat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Capital Consortium Residency Occupat & Envir, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Burklow, TR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 230 EP 234 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800004 PM 12723117 ER PT J AU Rotenberg, JS AF Rotenberg, JS TI Cyanide as a weapon of terror SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Neurol, MCHL MR, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Rotenberg, JS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Neurol, MCHL MR, Bldg 2,Room 1L,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 236 EP 240 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800005 PM 12723118 ER PT J AU Rotenberg, JS AF Rotenberg, JS TI Diagnosis and management of nerve agent exposure SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; CHLORPYRIFOS; CARBAMATE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Neurol, MCHL MR, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Rotenberg, JS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Neurol, MCHL MR, Bldg 2,Room 1L,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 242 EP 250 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800006 PM 12723119 ER PT J AU Yu, CE Burklow, TR Madsen, JM AF Yu, CE Burklow, TR Madsen, JM TI Vesicant agents and children SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID MUSTARD GAS; SKIN MANIFESTATIONS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Outpatient Pediat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Capital Consortium Residency Occupat & Envir, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Yu, CE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 254 EP 257 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800007 PM 12723120 ER PT J AU Rotenberg, JS Burklow, TR Selanikio, JS AF Rotenberg, JS Burklow, TR Selanikio, JS TI Weapons of mass destruction: The decontamination of children SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID HYPOCHLORITE; VICTIMS; ATTACK C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Neurol, MCHL MR, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Off Emergency Preparedness Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Rotenberg, JS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Neurol, MCHL MR, Bldg 2,Room 1L,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 260 EP 267 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800008 PM 12723121 ER PT J AU Blaschke, GS Palfrey, JS Lynch, J AF Blaschke, GS Palfrey, JS Lynch, J TI Advocating for children during uncertain times SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. USN Reserve, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Blaschke, GS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 271 EP + PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 665LT UT WOS:000182122800009 PM 12723122 ER PT J AU Waasdorp, CE Abraham, A Robinson, A AF Waasdorp, CE Abraham, A Robinson, A TI Screening female teens for eating disorders in a military adolescent clinic SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 38 BP 7A EP 7A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900039 ER PT J AU O'Brien, MM Sellen, K Creamer, KM AF O'Brien, MM Sellen, K Creamer, KM TI Training pediatric residents regarding end of life issues: How are we doing? SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. San Antonio Mil Pediat Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 557 BP 98A EP 98A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900558 ER PT J AU Powers, P Dinauer, C Tuttle, RM Francis, G AF Powers, P Dinauer, C Tuttle, RM Francis, G TI The MACIS score predicts clinical course for papillary thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 813 BP 142A EP 143A PN 2 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900814 ER PT J AU Yates, C Ramirez, R Powers, P Morrow, S Tuttle, RM Francis, G AF Yates, C Ramirez, R Powers, P Morrow, S Tuttle, RM Francis, G TI Childhood thyroid cancer current practice variance, a need for standard treatment protocols? SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies/Society-for-Pediatric-Research CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Cont Educ C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 816 BP 143A EP 143A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900817 ER PT J AU Bauer, AJ Stergiopoulos, SG Sandrini, F Griffin, KJ Sarlis, NJ Stratakis, CA AF Bauer, AJ Stergiopoulos, SG Sandrini, F Griffin, KJ Sarlis, NJ Stratakis, CA TI Characterization of protein kinase A (PKA) and the PKA-type 1-alpha regulatory subunit (PRKAR1A) gene in human thyroid tumor cell lines SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 NICHD, Dev Endocrinol Branch, Sect Genet & Metab, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDDK, Clin Endocrinol Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 823 BP 144A EP 144A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900824 ER PT J AU Gydee, HK O'Neill, JT Patel, A Bauer, AJ Tuttle, RM Francis, G AF Gydee, HK O'Neill, JT Patel, A Bauer, AJ Tuttle, RM Francis, G TI Childhood thyroid cancers express insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and the IGF-1 receptor (IGF1-R) and aggressive cancers are more likely to express IGF1-R SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 820 BP 144A EP 144A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900821 ER PT J AU Modi, J Patel, A Terrell, R Tuttle, RM Francis, GL AF Modi, J Patel, A Terrell, R Tuttle, RM Francis, GL TI Childhood thyroid cancers that contain a mixture of lymphocytes have favorable prognostic indicators SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 822 BP 144A EP 144A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900823 ER PT J AU Griffin, KJ Kirschner, LS Stergiopoulos, SG Lenherr, SM Claflin, ES Matyakhina, L Bauer, AJ Carney, JA Stratakis, CA AF Griffin, KJ Kirschner, LS Stergiopoulos, SG Lenherr, SM Claflin, ES Matyakhina, L Bauer, AJ Carney, JA Stratakis, CA TI A transgenic mouse model for Carney complex expressing an antisense construct to PRKAR1A SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. NICHD, Dev Endocrinol Branch, UGEN, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 874 BP 153A EP 153A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897900875 ER PT J AU Friedman, JF Kurtis, JD Mtalib, R Opollo, M Lanar, DE Duffy, PE AF Friedman, JF Kurtis, JD Mtalib, R Opollo, M Lanar, DE Duffy, PE TI Malaria is related to decreased nutritional status among adolescents and adults in the setting of intense perennial transmission SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Brown Univ, Int Hlth Inst, Dept Pediat, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Int Hlth Inst, Dept Pathol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, US Army Med Res Unit, Kisumu, Nyanza, Kenya. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Malaria Antigen Discovery Program, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 1870 BP 327A EP 328A PN 2 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897901869 ER PT J AU Knee, DS Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT Claybaugh, JR AF Knee, DS Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT Claybaugh, JR TI Vasopressin (VP) and thirst alterations in adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 2406 BP 425A EP 426A PN 2 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897902404 ER PT J AU Sieocka-Castaneda, A Tashima, L Nakamura, K Bryant-Greenwood, G Millar, L AF Sieocka-Castaneda, A Tashima, L Nakamura, K Bryant-Greenwood, G Millar, L TI Distention responsive genes are upregulated in tracheal aspirates of premature infants with severe CLD SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Society CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WASHINGTON SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Kapiolani Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii, Kapiolani Med Ctr, Dept Perinatol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii, Dept Mol Endocrinol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 2003 VL 53 IS 4 SU S MA 2859 BP 506A EP 506A PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 661PA UT WOS:000181897902856 ER PT J AU Seo, JT Yang, Q Creekmore, S Temple, D Qu, L Yu, W Wang, A Peng, X Mott, A Namkung, M Junge, SS Kim, JH AF Seo, JT Yang, Q Creekmore, S Temple, D Qu, L Yu, W Wang, A Peng, X Mott, A Namkung, M Junge, SS Kim, JH TI Evaluation of nonlinear optical properties of cadmium chalcogenide nanomaterials SO PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Superlattices Nano-Structures and Nano-Devices (ICSNN-02) CY JUL 22-26, 2002 CL TOULOUSE, FRANCE DE nonlinear refraction; nonlinear figure of merit; optical power limiter; semiconductor nanoscale materials AB High quality semiconductor nanomaterials were synthesized through colloidal methods, and evaluated nonlinear optical properties for optical power limiting applications. The nonlinear refraction (gamma) and the nonlinear figure of merit (FOM = gamma/betagamma) of CdTe nanomaterials in toluene (similar to 8 x 10(-5) mol/l) were estimated to be similar to -1 x 10(-13) m(2)/W and similar to 200, respectively. The optical power limiting through CdTe nanoscale materials was mainly by the nonlinear refraction because of the high nonlinear FOM. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Res Ctr Opt Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Korea Res Inst Standards & Sci, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Seo, JT (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Res Ctr Opt Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RI Namkung, Min/E-1533-2012 NR 2 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD APR PY 2003 VL 17 IS 1-4 BP 101 EP 103 DI 10.1016/S1386-9477(02)00714-2 PG 3 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 675ND UT WOS:000182700700033 ER PT J AU Casem, DT Fourney, W Chang, P AF Casem, DT Fourney, W Chang, P TI Wave separation in viscoelastic pressure bars using singlepoint measurements of strain and velocity SO POLYMER TESTING LA English DT Article DE viscoelastic wave propagation; split Hopkinson pressure bar; Kolsky bar; wave separation; electromagnetic velocity gage ID ELASTIC-WAVES; HOPKINSON; DISPERSION; PROPAGATION AB A wave separation technique that uses the single-point measurements of axial strain and axial particle velocity is investigated. The method is capable of treating wave propagation in viscoelastic pressure bars and accounts for dispersion and attenuation due to both geometric and material effects. An example application using a polycarbonate split Hopkinson pressure bar to test low-density polymeric foams is shown. Emphasis is placed on the ability of the method to correct for viscoelastic wave propagation and the necessity of this correction during practical testing. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Civil Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Casem, DT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 15 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9418 J9 POLYM TEST JI Polym. Test PD APR PY 2003 VL 22 IS 2 BP 155 EP 164 AR PII S0142-9418(02)00064-8 DI 10.1016/S0142-9418(02)00064-8 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 620AN UT WOS:000179510700007 ER PT J AU Robbins, RG Deem, SL Occi, JL AF Robbins, RG Deem, SL Occi, JL TI First report of Amblyomma humerale Koch (Acari : Ixodida : Ixodidae) from Bolivia, with a synopsis of collections of this tick from the South American yellow-footed tortoise, Geochelone denticulata (L.) (Reptilia : Testudines : Testudinidae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wildlife Conservat Soc, Field Vet Program, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. RP Robbins, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 2003 VL 105 IS 2 BP 502 EP 505 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 664KZ UT WOS:000182061400026 ER PT J AU Tinley, EM Yeomans, MR Durlach, PJ AF Tinley, EM Yeomans, MR Durlach, PJ TI Caffeine reinforces flavour preference in caffeine-dependent, but not long-term withdrawn, caffeine consumers SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE caffeine; reinforcement; deprivation; dependence; mood ID PHYSICAL-DEPENDENCE; COFFEE DRINKERS; HUMANS; MOOD; DEPRIVATION; PERFORMANCE; HEADACHE AB Rationale: Previous studies have shown that caffeine can reinforce flavour liking in overnight deprived moderate caffeine consumers (e.g. average of 250 mg/ day) but not in low consumers (<120 mg/day). However, it is not possible to determine whether the difference between moderate and low caffeine consumers results from pre-existing individual differences in response to caffeine, or results directly from the different amounts of caffeine they habitually consume. If the former were true, then moderate consumers who are completely withdrawn should still manifest the flavour conditioning effect. Conversely, if the latter were true, consumers who are completely withdrawn should not manifest the effect. Objectives: To examine whether moderate caffeine consumers who have been fully withdrawn from caffeine manifest the flavour conditioning effect. Methods: In a double-blind study, 48 moderate caffeine consumers refrained from consuming caffeine for 4 weeks and were given replacement drinks to consume, which were either caffeinated (maintained group) or decaffeinated (withdrawn group). In the final 2 weeks, all subjects evaluated a novel drink containing either 100 mg caffeine or placebo on four non-consecutive days. Results: The rated pleasantness of the novel drink containing caffeine increased over the four test days in the group maintained on caffeine, but pleasantness of the same drink fell significantly in the withdrawn group. Conclusions: These data suggest that the ability of caffeine to reinforce changes in flavour liking are driven by the alleviation of withdrawal symptoms among habitual caffeine consumers and provide further support for the negative reinforcement theory. C1 Univ Sussex, Dept Expt Psychol, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. USA, Res Inst, Orlando, FL USA. RP Yeomans, MR (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Dept Expt Psychol, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England. RI Yeomans, Martin/A-5291-2012; OI Yeomans, Martin/0000-0003-1436-1483 NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD APR PY 2003 VL 166 IS 4 BP 416 EP 423 DI 10.1007/s00213-002-1354-1 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 671LA UT WOS:000182465200012 PM 12589525 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, Howard E. TI Optimum Probe Parameters for Entangling Probe in Quantum Key Distribution SO QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Quantum cryptography; quantum key distribution; quantum communication; quantum information processing AB For the four-state protocol of quantum key distribution, optimum sets of probe parameters are calculated for the most general unitary probe in which each individual transmitted photon is made to interact with the probe so that the signal and the probe are left in an entangled state, and projective measurement by the probe, made subsequent to projective measurement by the legitimate receiver, yields information about the signal state. The probe optimization is based on maximizing the Renyi information gain by the probe on corrected data for a given error rate induced by the probe in the legitimate receiver. An arbitrary angle is included between the nonorthogonal linear polarization states of the signal photons. Two sets of optimum probe parameters are determined which both correspond to the same optimization. Also, a larger set of optimum probe parameters is found than was known previously for the standard BB84 protocol. A detailed comparison is made between the complete and incomplete optimizations, and the latter simpler optimization is also made complete. Also, the process of key distillation from the quantum transmission in quantum key distribution is reviewed, with the objective of calculating the secrecy capacity of the four-state protocol in the presence of the eavesdropping probe. Emphasis is placed on information leakage to the probe. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hbrandt@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Useful communications with J. Myers, S. J. Lomonaco, J. D. Franson, J. D. Murley, and M. Foster are gratefully acknowledged. The author wishes to especially thank Prof. Young S. Kim for inviting him to organize the sessions on quantum computing and quantum communication in which this paper was presented at the First Feynman Festival, 23-28 August, 2002 at the University of Maryland, College Park, MD. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1570-0755 J9 QUANTUM INF PROCESS JI Quantum Inf. Process. PD APR PY 2003 VL 2 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 79 DI 10.1023/A:1025802616066 PG 43 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA V25TY UT WOS:000208501500003 ER PT J AU Rexroad, JT AF Rexroad, JT TI The CT arrowhead sign SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE appendicitis; appendix, CT; signs in imaging ID APPENDICITIS; DIAGNOSIS C1 Natl Capital Consortium Residency Program, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rexroad, JT (reprint author), Natl Capital Consortium Residency Program, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD APR PY 2003 VL 227 IS 1 BP 44 EP 45 DI 10.1148/radiol.2271020086 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 661QK UT WOS:000181901100006 PM 12668739 ER PT J AU Cioch, FA Lohrer, S AF Cioch, FA Lohrer, S TI Reusing a simulation facility software architecture for embedded simulation SO SIMULATION-TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE reuse; legacy systems; evolvability; long- lived systems; technology transfer; software architecture; embedded simulation; distributed simulation; middleware; architectural degradation ID FRAMEWORKS AB The authors take a ground vehicle simulation software architecture, which was designed for stationary simulation in crewstations in a laboratory environment, and reuse it to add embedded simulation capabilities to fielded ground vehicles. The purpose of embedded simulation is to enhance soldier effectiveness both before and during actual battlefield conditions. As a result, in a fielded ground vehicle, the computer specialist responsible for setting up, starting, controlling, monitoring, and stopping the simulation is not present. Unlike in a laboratory environment, in a fielded vehicle, the simulation software itself is responsible for performing these functions. The authors provide a case study illustrating characteristics of a system architecture that allow it to be long-lived by evolving not only to changing requirements due to technological and methodological changes but also to changes due to new and previously unthought-of patterns of system utilization. C1 Univ Washington, Bothell, WA 98011 USA. USA, Tank Automot & Armaments Command, Vetron Technol Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Univ Washington, Bothell, WA 98011 USA. EM cioch@u.washington.edu NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0037-5497 EI 1741-3133 J9 SIMUL-T SOC MOD SIM JI Simul.-Trans. Soc. Model. Simul. Int. PD APR PY 2003 VL 79 IS 4 BP 183 EP 196 DI 10.1177/00.7549703038885 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 740MA UT WOS:000186405100001 ER PT J AU Campbell, SE Filzen, TW Bezzant, SM Beall, DP Burton, MP Sanders, TG Parsons, TW AF Campbell, SE Filzen, TW Bezzant, SM Beall, DP Burton, MP Sanders, TG Parsons, TW TI Primary periosteal lymphoma: an unusual presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with radiographic, MR imaging, and pathologic correlation SO SKELETAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lymphoma; femur; periosteum; radiograph; MR imaging ID RETICULUM-CELL SARCOMA; MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; BONE; FEATURES AB This report describes a primary periosteal location of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, without nodal disease, and without adjacent intramedullary disease at presentation. The clinical and imaging appearance of periosteal lymphoma simulates other neoplastic osseous surface tumors more than that of lymphoma in other locations. Consideration of this rare presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the differential, diagnosis of periosteal bone lesions can be helpful to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Campbell, SE (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 759th MDTS MTRD,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2348 J9 SKELETAL RADIOL JI Skeletal Radiol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 32 IS 4 BP 231 EP 235 DI 10.1007/s00256-002-0610-0 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 671MW UT WOS:000182469400006 PM 12652339 ER PT J AU Cendales, LC Swanson, SJ Kirk, AD Mannon, RB Hale, DA AF Cendales, LC Swanson, SJ Kirk, AD Mannon, RB Hale, DA TI Delayed autotransplantation of a solitary kidney facilitated by pump perfusion preservation SO SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 NIDDKD, Transplantat & Autoimmun Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hale, DA (reprint author), Rm 11S-219,Bldg 10,Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Kirk, Allan/B-6905-2012 NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD APR PY 2003 VL 133 IS 4 BP 438 EP 439 DI 10.1067/msy.2003.129 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 674MN UT WOS:000182640700015 PM 12717362 ER PT J AU Ender, MG AF Ender, MG TI Systems of war and peace SO TEACHING SOCIOLOGY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ender, MG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1307 NEW YORK AVE NW #700, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4712 USA SN 0092-055X J9 TEACH SOCIOL JI Teach. Sociol. PD APR PY 2003 VL 31 IS 2 BP 246 EP 247 DI 10.2307/3211314 PG 2 WC Education & Educational Research; Sociology SC Education & Educational Research; Sociology GA 815OB UT WOS:000221050500011 ER PT J AU Hurley, MM Wright, JB Lushington, GH White, WE AF Hurley, MM Wright, JB Lushington, GH White, WE TI Quantum mechanics and mixed quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations of model nerve agents with acetylcholinesterase SO THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Methods and Applications of Combined Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Mechanical Potentials held at the 222nd American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY AUG 26-30, 2001 CL CHICAGO, IL SP Amer Chem Soc DE acetylcholinesterase; IMOMM; nerve agent; simulation ID ACTIVE-SITE; MOUSE ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; OPTIMIZATION SCHEME; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CATALYTIC POWER; HYDROGEN-BOND AB The accurate modeling of biological processes presents major computational difficulties owing to the inherent complexity of the macromolecular systems of interest. Simulations of biochemical reactivity tend to require highly computationally intensive quantum mechanical methods, but localized chemical effects tend to depend significantly on properties of the extended biological environment - a regime far more readily examined with lower-level classical empirical models. Mixed quantum/classical techniques are gaining in popularity as a means of bridging these competing requirements. Here we present results comparing two quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics implementations (the SIMOMM technique of Gordon et al. as implemented in GAMESS, and the ONIOM technique of Morokuma et al. found in Gaussian 98) as performed on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and model nerve agents. This work represents part of the initial phase of a DoD HPCMP Challenge project in which we are attempting to reliably characterize the biochemical processes responsible for nerve agent activity and inhibition, thereby allowing predictions on compounds unrelated to those already studied. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI HC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, AMSSB RSS M, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Dept Med Chem, Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI HC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM hurley@arl.army.mil NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-881X EI 1432-2234 J9 THEOR CHEM ACC JI Theor. Chem. Acc. PD APR PY 2003 VL 109 IS 3 BP 160 EP 168 DI 10.1007/s00214-002-0424-0 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 681LY UT WOS:000183038700009 ER PT J AU Hughes, C Lehner, F Dirikolu, L Harkins, D Boyles, J McDowell, K Tobin, T Crutchfield, J Sebastian, M Harrison, L Baskin, SI AF Hughes, C Lehner, F Dirikolu, L Harkins, D Boyles, J McDowell, K Tobin, T Crutchfield, J Sebastian, M Harrison, L Baskin, SI TI A simple and highly sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of cyanide in equine blood SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE blood; cyanide; equine; horse; Kentucky; MRLS ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WHOLE-BLOOD; ERYTHROCYTES; THIOCYANATE; DEPLETION; PLASMA AB An epidemiological association among black cherry trees (Prunus serotina), eastern tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americana), and the spring 2001 episode of mare reproductive loss syndrome in central Kentucky focused attention on the potential role of environmental cyanogens in the causes of this syndrome. To evaluate the role of cyanide (CN-) in this syndrome, a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive method for determination of low parts per billion concentrations of CN- in equine blood and other biological fluids was developed. The analytical method is an adaptation of methods commonly in use and involves the evolution and trapping of gaseous hydrogen cyanide followed by spectrophotometric determination by autoanalyzer. The limit of quantitation of this method is 2 ng/mL in equine blood, and the standard curve shows a linear relationship between CN- concentration and absorbance (r>.99). The method throughput is high, up to 100 samples per day. Normal blood CN- concentrations in horses at pasture in Kentucky in October 2001 ranged from 3-18 ng/mL, whereas hay-fed horses showed blood CN- levels of 2-7 ng/mL in January 2002. Blood samples from a small number of cattle at pasture showed broadly similar blood CN- concentrations. Intravenous administration of sodium cyanide and oral administration of mandelonitrile and amygdalin yielded readily detectable increases in blood CN- concentrations. This method is sufficiently sensitive and specific to allow the determination of normal blood CN- levels in horses, as well as the seasonal and pasture-dependent variations. The method should also be suitable for investigation of the toxicokinetics and disposition of subacutely toxic doses of CN- and its precursor cyanogens in the horse as well as in other species. C1 Univ Kentucky, Maxwell H Gluck Equine Res Ctr, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Agron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. Univ Kentucky, Livestock Dis Diagnost Ctr, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hughes, C (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Vet Sci, Gluck Equine Res Ctr 108, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1537-6524 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PD APR-JUN PY 2003 VL 13 IS 2 BP 129 EP 138 DI 10.1080/15376510390196563 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 672XL UT WOS:000182549000007 PM 20021191 ER PT J AU Moncada, V Bolan, C Yau, YY Leitman, SF AF Moncada, V Bolan, C Yau, YY Leitman, SF TI Analysis of PBPC cell yields during large-volume leukapheresis of subjects with a poor mobilization response to filgrastim SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; BLOOD PROGENITOR CELLS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; STEM-CELLS; CD34(+) CELLS; G-CSF; TRANSPLANTATION; LYMPHOMA; CHEMOTHERAPY AB BACKGROUND: The circulating CD34 count is a reliable predictor of peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) yields in subjects with a vigorous mobilization response to G-CSF, however, the value of this parameter in poor mobilizers is uncharacterized. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Consecutive PBPC prdcedures (n = 81) with preapheresis CD34 counts less than 20 per muL (poor mobilizers) were compared with an equal number of good mobilizers (preapheresis CD34 counts greater than or equal to20/muL). G-CSF was administered at standard doses (10 mug/kg/day). RESULTS: CD34 yields correlated strongly with preapheresis CD34 counts in both good and poor mobilizers and were higher in allogeneic than autologous donors. For a standard 75-kg recipient, a CD34 cell dose of greater than 2 x 10(6) per kg was never achieved in less than two 15-L procedures if the preapheresis CD34 count was less than 8 per muL. Preapheresis WBC and MNC counts were lower in poor than in good mobilizers (28.4 vs. 43.0 and 3.25 vs. 5.01 x 10(3)/muL, respectively, p < 0.0001). Total WBC counts correlated more strongly with preapheresis CD34 counts, total CD34 yields, and CD34 yields per L processed in good mobilizers (R = 0.50, R = 0.44, and R = 0.42, respectively) than in poor mobilizers (R = 0.22, R = 0.02, and R = 0.01, respectively), whereas total MNC counts correlated more strongly with these parameters in poor (R 0.38, R = 0.23, and R = 0.27, respectively) than in good mobilizers (R = 0.04, R = 0.13, and R = 0.16, respectively). CONCLUSION: CD34 cell yields correlate strongly with preapheresis CD34 counts. Based on this analysis, a CD34 count greater than or equal to 8 per muL is the threshold for performing PBPC collections in our institution. C1 NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Dept Transfus Med, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Bolan, C (reprint author), NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Bldg 10,Room 1C711,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1184, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 18 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD APR PY 2003 VL 43 IS 4 BP 495 EP 501 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00361.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 664RQ UT WOS:000182075000013 PM 12662283 ER EF