FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Hoffmann, EA Kortvelyesi, T Wilusz, E Korugic-Karasz, LS Karasz, FE Fekete, ZA AF Hoffmann, EA Kortvelyesi, T Wilusz, E Korugic-Karasz, LS Karasz, FE Fekete, ZA TI Relation between C(1S) XPS binding energy and calculated partial charge of carbon atoms in polymers SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE semiempirical quantum-chemical calculations; AM 1; core electron binding energy; ESCA/XPS; polymers ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; C1S SPECTRA; MODEL; ESCA AB A correlation has been developed for corrected experimental C(Is) XPS binding energies of polymers vs. calculated partial charges of carbon atom in model oligomers. Representative polymers containing a wide variety of heteroatoms such as Cl, F, O, N, Si have been selected. Molecular geometry was determined with the semiempirical valence orbital AM1 method, and Mulliken population analysis was applied to calculate partial atomic charges. The resulting charge-potential model equation can be used to predict core electron binding energies in polymers and deconvolute XPS spectra. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Szeged, Dept Phys Chem, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Fekete, ZA (reprint author), Univ Szeged, Dept Phys Chem, POB 105, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary. EM theochem2.pub.zaf@spameater.org RI Hoffmann, Eufrozina/E-3463-2012; Fekete, Zoltan/C-7019-2008 OI Fekete, Zoltan/0000-0002-7677-2678 NR 16 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUL 11 PY 2005 VL 725 IS 1-3 BP 5 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2005.02.021 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 952CO UT WOS:000230979600002 ER PT J AU Inoue, J Kikuchi, T Perovich, DK Morison, JH AF Inoue, J Kikuchi, T Perovich, DK Morison, JH TI A drop in mid-summer shortwave radiation induced by changes in the ice-surface condition in the central Arctic SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALBEDO; SUMMER; EVOLUTION; SHEBA; FLUX AB Ice-surface changes during summer and effects on solar heat input in the Arctic were analyzed using incoming shortwave radiation data from drifting buoys deployed in 2002, 2003, and 2004 as part of the North Pole Environmental Observatory project. Observed shortwave radiation was about half of the incoming shortwave radiation at the top of the atmosphere during early summer, suggesting cloudy skies. In each year, events occurred after mid-summer during which time the shortwave radiation decreased 33% to one third of shortwave radiation at the top of the atmosphere. Snow-depth data, aerial photos, and date of melt onset at the buoy site suggest that a decrease in snow/ice albedo induced by snow melting and melt-pond formation modified the amount of shortwave radiation through multiple reflections. A simplified calculation of the ice-albedo feedback revealed that the drop in shortwave radiation after mid-summer was self damping. C1 Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci Technol, Independent Adm Inst, Inst Observat Res Global Change, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Inoue, J (reprint author), Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci Technol, Independent Adm Inst, Inst Observat Res Global Change, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. EM jun.inoue@jamstec.go.jp NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUL 7 PY 2005 VL 32 IS 13 AR L13603 DI 10.1029/2005GL023170 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 947JM UT WOS:000230639500005 ER PT J AU Wright, KM Bliese, PD Adler, AB Hoge, CW Castro, CA Thomas, JL AF Wright, KM Bliese, PD Adler, AB Hoge, CW Castro, CA Thomas, JL TI Screening for psychological illness in the military SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Heidelberg, Germany. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wright, KM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Heidelberg, Germany. EM kathleen.wright@hbg.amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 6 PY 2005 VL 294 IS 1 BP 42 EP 43 DI 10.1001/jama.294.1.42-b PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 941JD UT WOS:000230210200017 PM 15998888 ER PT J AU Galbreath, AD Freeman, GL Smith, B Krasuski, RA Stajduhar, KC Kwan, MD Ellis, R AF Galbreath, AD Freeman, GL Smith, B Krasuski, RA Stajduhar, KC Kwan, MD Ellis, R TI Letter regarding article by Galbreath et al, "Long-Term Healthcare and cost outcomes of disease management in a large, randomized, community-based population with heart failure" - Response SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dis Management Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Dis Management Ctr, Altarum Inst, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Tricare SW, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Galbreath, AD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dis Management Ctr, Div Cardiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 5 PY 2005 VL 112 IS 1 BP E11 EP E11 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 941IW UT WOS:000230209500029 ER PT J AU Saad, MD Al-Jaufy, A Grahan, RR Nadai, Y Earhart, KC Sanchez, JL Carr, JK AF Saad, MD Al-Jaufy, A Grahan, RR Nadai, Y Earhart, KC Sanchez, JL Carr, JK TI HIV type 1 strains common in Europe, Africa, and Asia cocirculate in Yemen SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCES; SUBTYPE AB To determine the HIV-1 genetic diversity in Yemen, 19 strains collected from men and women were sequenced in pol and six of those were full genome sequenced; all were phylogenetically analyzed. Using the pol sequence data, nine (47.3%) were subtype B, six (31.6%) subtype C, two (10.5%) subtype D, one strain (5.3%) subtype A, and another (5.3%) a unique recombinant form (URF). Concordant phylogenies were also obtained for the six strains full genome sequenced. Most of the strains were from the capitol, Sana'a (n = 16). Five of the C strains clustered with African Cs, and one clustered with the Indian C strains. Of the two subtype D strains, one clustered with Ugandan strains and one with Cameroon. The subtype A strain was similar to a Cameroon variant of subtype A and the URF strain was a recombinant between CRF11, CRF13, and subtype B. The HIV epidemic in Yemen is extremely complex, with strains of HIV-1 that have originated in East and West Africa, Europe, and India. C1 US Naval Med Res Unit 3, PSC 452rr, Cairo, Egypt. Sanaa Univ, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol, Sanaa, Yemen. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Saad, MD (reprint author), US Naval Med Res Unit 3, PSC 452rr, Box 5000 Attn Code 303,FPO AE 09835-0007, Cairo, Egypt. EM DarwishM@namru3.org RI Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013 OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115 NR 14 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 21 IS 7 BP 644 EP 648 DI 10.1089/aid.2005.21.644 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 955JX UT WOS:000231223300007 PM 16060835 ER PT J AU Dewyea, VA Nelson, MR Martin, BL AF Dewyea, VA Nelson, MR Martin, BL TI Asthma in pregnancy SO ALLERGY AND ASTHMA PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID OUTCOMES; WOMEN AB Asthma, one of the most common serious medical problems to complicate pregnancy, affects 3-8% of pregnancies in the United States. The goals of therapy in the pregnant asthmatic patient do not differ from those in non-pregnant patients. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are preferred in the management of all levels of persistent asthma in pregnant patients, because these agents have been shown to reduce asthma exacerbations during pregnancy. Asthma in pregnancy is often undertreated due to physician and patient concerns over the effects of asthma medications on the fetus. However, undertreatment leads to loss of asthma control and increases in maternal morbidity, perinatal mortality, preeclampsia, preterm birth, and low birth weight infants. Recent prospective clinical cohort studies with active asthma management by NAEPP guidelines show no evidence of increased maternal or fetal morbidity or mortality. Therefore, it is critical for the mother to understand that failure to control asthma during pregnancy may lead to poor outcomes. A case study follows to highlight clinical pearls and pitfalls in the management of asthma in the pregnant patient. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dewyea, VA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC PI PROVIDENCE PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 USA SN 1088-5412 J9 ALLERGY ASTHMA PROC JI Allergy Asthma Proc. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 26 IS 4 BP 323 EP 325 PG 3 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA 960UL UT WOS:000231618600013 PM 16270728 ER PT J AU Depenbrock, PJ AF Depenbrock, PJ TI Long-term standard-dose warfarin to prevent thrombosis SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter ID RECURRENT VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; THERAPY; DVT C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Depenbrock, PJ (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 BP 36 EP + PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 944YN UT WOS:000230467300002 PM 16035681 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Arora, NS Feuerstein, I Bindeman, J Perron, T Cao, F O'Malley, PG AF Taylor, AJ Arora, NS Feuerstein, I Bindeman, J Perron, T Cao, F O'Malley, PG TI Relation between coronary artery calcium and incident chest pain in a community-dwelling screening population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DISEASE; CALCIFICATION; ADULTS; YOUNG AB Incident chest pain occurred in 30.3% of 1,743 asymptomatic healthy men and women who were followed for up to 4 years. Proportions of patients who had coronary artery calcium were similar among those who had no chest pain, noncardiac pain, atypical pain, or cardiac chest pain. Incident chest pain is common and should be examined according to a patient's pretest probability of developing coronary artery disease, without excessive influence of the presence of coronary artery calcium. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Serv, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 96 IS 1 BP 61 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.02.045 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 941SG UT WOS:000230233900013 PM 15979434 ER PT J AU Burka, JM Bower, KS Vanroekel, RC Stutzman, RD Kuzmowych, CP Howard, RS AF Burka, JM Bower, KS Vanroekel, RC Stutzman, RD Kuzmowych, CP Howard, RS TI The effect of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin on epithelial healing following photorefractive keratectomy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL KERATITIS; CIPROFLOXACIN; RESISTANCE; OFLOXACIN AB PURPOSE: To compare the rate of epithelial healing following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with two commercially available fourth,generation fluoroquinolones, gatifloxacin (Zymar, Allergan, Irvine, California) and moxifloxacin (Vigamox, Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, Texas). DESIGN: Double-masked, randomized, prospective trial. METHODS: Thirty-five subjects received gatifloxacin in one eye and moxifloxacin in the fellow eye following PRK with a 9.0-mm epithelial defect. Patients were examined daily after surgery until the epithelium had healed completely in both eyes. Beginning on postoperative day 3, photos were taken and used to confirm epithelial healing or measure the area of residual epithelial defects. Healing times and defect sizes were compared using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test. RESULTS: Both eyes healed on the same day in 18 of the 35 subjects (51.4%). In 13 of 35 (37.1%) subjects, the moxifloxacin,treated eye healed first, compared with only four of 35 (11.4%) subjects whose gatifloxacin-treated eye healed first. All six of the eyes that took 2 days longer than their fellow eye to heal were gatifloxacin-treated. Median healing time for both groups was 4 days (moxifloxacin range: 3 to 7 days; gatifloxacin range: 3 to 9 days; P =.01), but only 69% of gatifloxacin-treated eyes had healed by day 4 compared with 80% of the moxifloxacin,treated eyes. Overall, on each postoperative day, defect sizes were greater for the gatifloxacin-treated eyes. This difference was statistically significant on day 4 (P = .027). CONCLUSIONS: Eyes treated with moxifloxacin healed faster and had smaller defects compared with those treated with gatifloxacin. This provides another factor to consider in selecting antibiotic prophylaxis for corneal refractive surgery. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bower, KS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Ctr Refract Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 15 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 140 IS 1 BP 83 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.02.037 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 949IN UT WOS:000230778700012 PM 15953577 ER PT J AU Bui-Mansfield, LT Pulcini, JP Rose, S AF Bui-Mansfield, LT Pulcini, JP Rose, S TI Subungual squamous cell carcinoma of the finger SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Bui-Mansfield, LT (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM liem_mansfield@hotmail.com NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 185 IS 1 BP 174 EP 175 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 937US UT WOS:000229951900030 PM 15972419 ER PT J AU Bottoni, CR Franks, BR Moore, JH DeBerardino, TM Taylor, DC Arciero, RA AF Bottoni, CR Franks, BR Moore, JH DeBerardino, TM Taylor, DC Arciero, RA TI Operative stabilization of posterior shoulder instability SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Interim Meeting of the American-Orthopaedic-Society-for-Sports-Medicine (AOSSM) CY MAR, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Orthopaed Soc Sports Med DE shoulder; posterior instability; arthroscopic reconstruction; open reconstruction ID ROTATOR INTERVAL LESIONS; CAPSULAR SHIFT PROCEDURE; CAPSULOLABRAL AUGMENTATION; GLENOHUMERAL INSTABILITY; ARTHROSCOPIC REPAIR; END-RESULT; SUBLUXATION; CAPSULORRHAPHY; DISLOCATION; MANAGEMENT AB Background: Symptomatic, traumatic posterior shoulder instability is often the result of a posteriorly directed blow to an adducted, internally rotated, and forward-flexed upper extremity. Operative repair has been shown to provide favorable results. Current arthroscopic techniques with suture anchors and the ability to plicate the capsule using a nonabsorbable suture may provide favorable outcomes with reduced morbidity. Purpose: To evaluate the results of operative shoulder stabilization in patients with traumatic posterior shoulder instability. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A consecutive series of patients who underwent arthroscopic or open posterior stabilization for traumatic posterior shoulder instability were evaluated using subjective assessments, physical examinations, the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation, Rowe score, Simple Shoulder Test, and the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index. Results: Between May 1996 and February 2002, 31 shoulders (30 patients) underwent posterior stabilization (19 arthroscopically, 12 open). There were 29 men and 1 woman (mean age, 23 years). Preoperatively, all patients had a distinct traumatic cause for the instability. On physical examination, all patients had posterior apprehension and increased (2+, 3+) posterior load-shift testing. Preoperative radiographs and/or magnetic resonance imaging revealed posterior rim calcification or reverse Bankart lesions in 29 cases (94%). At arthroscopy, posterior labral injuries, reverse Bankart lesions, or humeral head defects were identified. Follow-up averaged 40 months, and the mean duration between injury and surgery was 21 months. The mean Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation, Rowe score, Simple Shoulder Test, and Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index scores, respectively, for the entire group were 89, 87, 11, and 346; for the open group, they were 81, 80, 10.5, and 594; for the arthroscopic group, they were 92, 92, 11.4, and 190. The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (P < .03) and Rowe score (P < .04) outcomes scores for the arthroscopic group were statistically better than those of the open group. Twenty-nine of 31 shoulders were rated as excellent or good. Conclusion: In the case of traumatic posterior shoulder subluxation, posterior lesions of the labrum ("reverse Bankart"), articular edge, and capsule are observed. Surgical treatment addressing these lesions led to satisfactory results for both the open and arthroscopic treated groups. In this study, an arthroscopic technique utilizing suture anchor repair with capsular placation provided the most favorable outcomes. C1 Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Orthopaed, Farmington, CT 06034 USA. USMA, W Point, NY USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Sports Med Sect, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Arciero, RA (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Orthopaed, 10 Talcott Notch, Farmington, CT 06034 USA. EM arciero@nso.uchc.edu OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 36 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 33 IS 7 BP 996 EP 1002 DI 10.1177/0363546504271509 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 940JR UT WOS:000230141300006 PM 15890637 ER PT J AU John, CC Moormann, AM Pregibon, DC Sumba, PO Mchugh, MM Narum, DL Lanar, DE Schluchter, MD Kazura, JW AF John, CC Moormann, AM Pregibon, DC Sumba, PO Mchugh, MM Narum, DL Lanar, DE Schluchter, MD Kazura, JW TI Correlation of high levels of antibodies to multiple pre-erythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum antigens and protection from infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LIVER-STAGE ANTIGEN-1; MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CD4(+) T-CELL; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; CLINICAL MALARIA; INHIBITORY ANTIBODIES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SPOROZOITE INVASION; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES AB High levels of antibodies to multiple antigens may be more strongly associated with protection from infection than antibodies to a single antigen. Antibody-associated protection against Plasmodium falciparum infection was assessed in a cohort of 68 adults living in an area of holoendemic malaria in Kenya. Antibodies to the pre-erythrocytic antigens circumsporozoite protein (CSP), liver-stage antigen-1 (LSA-1), thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP), and blood-stage antigens apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1), erythrocyte binding antigen-175 (EBA-175), and merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) were tested. Peptides were used for CSP (NANP repeat) and LSA-1 (central repeat), and recombinant antigens were used for TRAP (aa D-48-K-394), AMA-1 (ectodomain, (non-glycosylated), EBA-175 (non-glyconated), and MSP-1 (MSP-1(19)). Weekly microscopy testing for P. falciparum infection was performed over a 12-week period after drug-mediated clearance of P. falciparum parasitemia. Individuals with high levels of IgG antibodies (> 2 arbitrary units) to CSP, LSA-1, and TRAP had a 57% decrease in the risk of infection (95% confidence interval 20-77%, P = 0.016). This decreased risk remained significant after adjustment for age, prior parasitemia, bed net use, sickle cell trait, and village of residence. In contrast, protection against infection did not correlate with high levels of IgG antibodies to blood-stage antigens or IgM antibodies to pre-erythrocytic or blood-stage antigens. High levels of IgG antibodies to CSP, LSA-1, and TRAP may be useful immune correlates of protection against P. falciparum infection in malaria-endemic populations. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Rainbow Ctr Int Chil Hlth,Ctr Global Hlth & Dis, Div Pediat Infect Dis,Div Clin Epidemiol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. RP John, CC (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Rainbow Ctr Int Chil Hlth,Ctr Global Hlth & Dis, Div Pediat Infect Dis,Div Clin Epidemiol, 11100 Euclid Ave,MS6008,RBC 487, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM chandy.john@case.edu; ann.moormann@case.edu; pregibon@mit.edu; pos@case.edu; marilyan.mchugh@case.edu; dnarum@niaid.nih.gov; lanar@na.amedd.army.mil; mark.schluchter@case.edu RI John, Chandy/B-4164-2008; Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43906] NR 41 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 73 IS 1 BP 222 EP 228 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 944TH UT WOS:000230451900042 PM 16014863 ER PT J AU Taylor, SJ Krejca, JK Denight, ML AF Taylor, SJ Krejca, JK Denight, ML TI Foraging range and habitat use of ceuthophilus secretus (Orthoptera : Rhaphidophoridae), a key trogloxene in central Texas cave communities SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID IMPORTED FIRE ANT; CRICKET HADENOECUS-SUBTERRANEUS; ARTHROPOD-COMMUNITY; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA; NATIONAL-PARK; ROADS; PATTERNS; FAUNA; CONSERVATION; FORMICIDAE AB Cave invertebrate communities are dependent upon exogenous energy sources because their environment generally lacks primary producers. In small caves of central Texas, endemic terrestrial cave invertebrates often rely in part on the energy brought into caves by cave crickets (Ceuthophilus spp.), which forage above ground at night and roost in caves during the daytime. Knowledge of cave cricket foraging range is needed to effectively protect invertebrate communities that include federally endangered species. We marked approximately 2000 C. secretus emerging from Big Red Cave (Coryell County, Texas) with UV bright paint and located 291 previously marked crickets over 17 nights. Crickets foraged up to 105 m from the cave entrance and were present in relatively uniform densities out to 80 m. While 51.1% of the crickets were found within 40 m, 8.1% were found at 80 m or beyond. Relocated crickets were predominantly found in grasses (30.7%), leaf litter (22.4%) and herbaceous vegetation (20.4%) and were found close to ground level (mean = 0.49 cm). Our results show that C. secretus can forage at much greater distances than previously reported. The new data from our study should assist in the development of effective preserve design and management strategies for caves with endangered species in central Texas. C1 Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Ctr Biodivers, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Zara Environm LLC, Buda, TX 78610 USA. CERL, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Taylor, SJ (reprint author), Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Ctr Biodivers, 607 E Peabody Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM sjtaylor@uiuc.edu OI Taylor, Steven/0000-0002-3020-5205 NR 93 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 154 IS 1 BP 97 EP 114 DI 10.1674/0003-0031(2005)154[0097:FRAHUO]2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 944EB UT WOS:000230407600009 ER PT J AU Davis, KA Crawford, SA Fiebelkorn, KR Jorgensen, JH AF Davis, KA Crawford, SA Fiebelkorn, KR Jorgensen, JH TI Induction of telithromycin resistance by erythromycin in isolates of macrolide-resistant Staphylococcus spp. SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID INDUCIBLE CLINDAMYCIN RESISTANCE; AUREUS; TRANSPORTER; INFECTIONS; KETOLIDES AB Staphylococcal isolates were examined for possible macrolide-inducible resistance to telithromycin. All macrolide-resistant isolates demonstrated telithromycin D-shaped zones. This result did not discriminate between resistance due to an efflux mechanism (msrA) or a ribosomal target modification (ermA or ermC). Inducible telithromycin resistance in staphylococci does not appear to be analogous to inducible clindamycin resistance. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Davis, KA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kepler.davis@amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 49 IS 7 BP 3059 EP 3061 DI 10.1128/AAC.49.7.3059-3061.2005 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 940YM UT WOS:000230181800079 PM 15980400 ER PT J AU Hanna, HM Boyd, PM Baker, JL Colvin, TS AF Hanna, HM Boyd, PM Baker, JL Colvin, TS TI Anhydrous ammonia application losses using single-disc and knife fertilizer injectors SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE anhydrous ammonia; injector; NH3; nitrogen; knife; losses; opener AB Anhydrous ammonia (NH3) is injected below the soil surface during application to limit loss to the atmosphere. Application at a shallower depth may reduce tractor power or allow greater speed, which could increase field capacity if NH3 losses are held to acceptable levels. Losses of NH3 during, and for 1 h after, field application were measured from a typical knife injector treatment operated at a 15-cm (6-in.) depth and 8-km/h (5-mph) travel speed and from a single-disc injector operated at shallower depths [5 and 10 cm (2 and 4 in.)] and a range of travel speeds [8, 12, and 16 km/h (5, 7.5, and 10 mph)]. NH3 losses during application as measured with a hood over the single-disc injector were 3% to 7% in clay loam, silty clay loam, and loam soils and 21% to 52% in a coarser-textured fine sandy loam soil. Applying with a knife injector at deeper depth resulted in losses of 1% to 2% across all soil types. NH3 losses measured during an hour after application with stationary collection over the injection trench were 1% or less for all treatments. Losses during application were 5 to 55 times greater than during the first hour after application. C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50010 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Omaha Dist Off, Omaha, NE USA. Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA USA. RP Hanna, HM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 200B Davidson Hall, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM hmhanna@iastate.edu NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 21 IS 4 BP 573 EP 578 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 953UH UT WOS:000231105600004 ER PT J AU Gurton, KP Dahmani, R Ligon, D Bronk, BV AF Gurton, KP Dahmani, R Ligon, D Bronk, BV TI In situ measurement of the infrared absorption and extinction of chemical and biologically derived aerosols using flow-through photoacoustics SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SMOKE AB In an effort to establish a more reliable set of optical cross sections for a variety of chemical and biological aerosol simulants, we have developed a flow-through photoacoustic system that is capable of measuring absolute, mass-normalized extinction and absorption cross sections. By employing a flow-through design we avoid issues associated with closed aerosol photoacoustic systems and improve sensitivity. Although the results shown here were obtained for the tunable CO, laser waveband region, i.e., 9.20-10.80 mu m, application to other wavelengths is easily achievable. The aerosols considered are categorized as biological, chemical, and inorganic in origin, i.e., Bacillus atrophaeus endospores, dimethicone silicone oil (SF-96 grade 50), and kaolin clay powder (alumina and silicate), respectively. Results compare well with spectral extinction measured previously by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Comparisons with Mie theory calculations based on previously published complex indices of refraction and measured size distributions are also presented. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America C1 USA, Res Lab, Harry Diamond Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USAF, Res Lab, SBCCOM, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Gurton, KP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Harry Diamond Labs, 2800 Powder Mil Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kgurton@arl.army.mil NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 19 BP 4096 EP 4101 DI 10.1364/AO.44.004096 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 940OM UT WOS:000230153800028 PM 16004057 ER PT J AU Larciprete, MC Savalli, N Tenev, T Scalora, M Leahu, G Sibilia, C Baglio, S Panajotov, K Bertolotti, M AF Larciprete, MC Savalli, N Tenev, T Scalora, M Leahu, G Sibilia, C Baglio, S Panajotov, K Bertolotti, M TI Optical switching applications of ZnSe/MgF2 photonic band gap structures based on thermal nonlinearities SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS LA English DT Article AB We investigate a thermo-optical device based on a ZnSe/MgF2 multilayer and demonstrate the modulation of its optical reflectance around the band edge. An electrically induced temperature increase is responsible for the change of the refractive indices of the layers. As a result, the reflection spectrum shifts and the reflected signal decreases. The structure was grown using a thermal evaporation technique, and was designed in such a way that a band edge appears at 632.8 nm, i.e. accessible to a low-power He-Ne laser. The reflection characteristics were investigated as a function of the applied voltage and we found that the photonic band edge shifts by a maximum of 7 nm for an applied voltage of 90 V. Furthermore, different sets of measurements have shown that the spectral shift depends on the voltage squared, thus allowing experimental data analysis in terms of the thermally driven optical nonlinearity. C1 Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Catania, Dipartimento Elettr & Sistemist, I-95124 Catania, Italy. Inst Solid State Phys, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, AMSAM,RD,WS,ST Redstone Arsenal, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. RP Larciprete, MC (reprint author), Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, Dipartimento Energet, Via A Scarpa 16, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM mariacristina.larciprete@uniroma1.it RI Baglio, Salvatore/I-3174-2012; OI Baglio, Salvatore/0000-0002-6068-2846; Larciprete, Maria Cristina/0000-0002-7876-628X NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0946-2171 J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 81 IS 2-3 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s00340-005-1837-y PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 947DQ UT WOS:000230624000018 ER PT J AU Perkins, DL Lovell, CR Bronk, BV Setlow, B Setlow, P Myrick, ML AF Perkins, DL Lovell, CR Bronk, BV Setlow, B Setlow, P Myrick, ML TI Fourier transform infrared reflectance microspectroscopy study of Bacillus subtilis engineered without dipicolinic acid: The contribution of calcium dipicolinate to the mid-infrared absorbance of Bacillus subtilis endospores SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus subtilis; pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid; dipicolinic acid; calcium dipicolinate; endospores; FT-IR spectroscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ID TERBIUM DIPICOLINATE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BACTERIAL-SPORES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; GERMINATION; SPECTRA AB Mid-infrared spectra of spores of two strains of Bacillus subtilis, PS832 (wild-type) and FB122 (sleB spoVF), that are isogenic except for the two mutations in FB122 were obtained by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) reflectance microspectroseopy. The mutations in FB122 cause the spores of this strain to be devoid of dipicolinic acid (pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid; DPA), a biomarker characteristic of bacterial spores. Analysis of these two strains by difference spectroscopy revealed a spectrum similar to that of calcium dipicolinate (CaDPA), a chelate salt of DPA. This difference spectrum was compared to mid-infrared spectra of both DPA and CaDPA, and was attributed to CaDPA only. This is the first report known to the authors of a genetically engineered organism being used to identify the spectral contribution of a particular cellular component. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Sci Biol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AF Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Mol Microbial & Struct Biol, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. RP Myrick, ML (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM myrick@mail.chem.sc.edu OI Myrick, Michael/0000-0002-6905-0925 NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 12 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 59 IS 7 BP 893 EP 896 DI 10.1366/0003702054411742 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 945AS UT WOS:000230473300008 PM 16053560 ER PT J AU Bogdanowicz, Z AF Bogdanowicz, Z TI Hamiltonian circuits in sparse circulant digraphs SO ARS COMBINATORIA LA English DT Article DE hamiltonian cycles; circulants; digraphs; hamiltonian circuits ID GRAPHS AB A circulant digraph G(a(1), a(2),...,a(k)) where 0 < a(1) < a(2) < ...< a(k) < vertical bar V(G)vertical bar = n is the vertex transitive directed graph that has vertices i+a(1), i+a(2),..., i+a(k) (mod n) adjacent to each vertex i. We give the necessary and sufficient conditions for G(a(1), a(2)) to be hamiltonian, and we prove that G(a, n-a, b) is hamiltonian. In addition, we identify the explicit hamiltonian circuits for a few special cases of sparse circulant digraphs. C1 USA, Armament R&D Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Bogdanowicz, Z (reprint author), USA, Armament R&D Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHARLES BABBAGE RES CTR PI WINNIPEG PA PO BOX 272 ST NORBERT POSTAL STATION, WINNIPEG, MB R3T 2N2, CANADA SN 0381-7032 J9 ARS COMBINATORIA JI ARS Comb. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 BP 213 EP 223 PG 11 WC Mathematics SC Mathematics GA 948CQ UT WOS:000230694000017 ER PT J AU Cymerman, A Muza, SR Friedlander, AL Fulco, CS Rock, PB AF Cymerman, A Muza, SR Friedlander, AL Fulco, CS Rock, PB TI Saccadic velocity and pupillary reflexes during acclimatization to altitude (4300 m) SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hypoxia; pupillometry; light reflex; oculometrics; acute mountain sickness ID ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; VENTILATORY ACCLIMATIZATION; VISUAL PERFORMANCE; EXTENDED HYPOXIA; FATIGUE AB Introduction: Oculometrics have been shown to be responsive to acute hypoxemia. We investigated whether oculometrics could be used as an objective index of a hypoxic effect on the central nervous system (CNS) during altitude acclimatization. We hypothesized that oculomotor reflexes [pupil diameter (PD), constriction amplitude (CA), constriction latency (CL), and saccadic velocity (SV)] changed in concert with a select number of accepted acclimatization variables and that these changes correlated with the severity of acute mountain sickness (AMS). Methods: After sea-level, baseline (SLB) measurements were obtained, 18 men (19-33 yr) were transported to Pikes Peak, CO (4300 m), where they remained for 14 d. Periodic measurements (days 1-4, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 12) were made of PD, CA, CL, and SV in addition to heart rate (HR), pulse oximetry (Spo(2)), end-tidal Po-2 and Pco(2), 24-h urinary catecholamine concentrations, and AMS severity (environmental symptoms questionnaire, ESQ). Results: PD and CL decreased from SLB on days 1-4 and subsequently returned toward SLB; these changes paralleled changes in ventilatory and circulatory variables. CA decreased on days 1 and 2 and remained decreased for 12 d. SV increased over days 1-6 then returned toward SLB with continued exposure, similar to changes in urinary catecholamines. With acclimatization, CL correlated with HR and Spo(2); SV correlated with Pco(2), HR, and Spo(2). AMS severity peaked during days 2-4, returned toward SLB over the next 10 d, and correlated only with CL (p = 0.045). Conclusions: Oculometrics can be used as an indicator of CNS hypoxia and altitude acclimatization, although there was no strong correlation with AMS severity. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Tulsa, OK USA. RP Cymerman, A (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM allen.cymerman@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 BP 627 EP 634 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 941WM UT WOS:000230244900002 PM 16018344 ER PT J AU McLellan, TM Kamimori, GH Voss, DM Bell, DG Cole, KG Johnson, D AF McLellan, TM Kamimori, GH Voss, DM Bell, DG Cole, KG Johnson, D TI Caffeine maintains vigilance and improves run times during night operations for special forces SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE continuous operations; physical and cognitive performance; ergogenic and cognitive aids; psychomotor task; marksmanship ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; ENDURANCE PERFORMANCE; PROLONGED WAKEFULNESS; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; ACTIVE WAKEFULNESS; EXERCISE; MARKSMANSHIP; ALERTNESS; ADENOSINE; RESPONSES AB Purpose: This study examined the effects of caffeine (CAF) on vigilance, marksmanship, and run performance during 27 h of sustained wakefulness in Special Forces personnel. Methods: There were 31 soldiers (29.8 +/- 5.4 yr, 86.4 +/- 8.6 kg) who were divided into placebo (PLAC, n = 15) and CAF (n = 16) groups. A 6.3-km control run was completed on the morning of Day 1. In the evening of Day 2, soldiers performed a control observation and reconnaissance vigilance task (ORVT) in the field. This 90-min task was repeated twice more between 02:00 and 06:00 on Day 3 during an overnight period of sleep deprivation. Marksmanship was assessed before and after the ORVT. PLAC or 200 mg of CAF gum was administered at 01:45, 03:45, and approximately 06:30 on Day 3. A final 6.3-km run commenced within 30 min of receiving the final dose. Results. ORVT was maintained in CAF at control levels of 77 +/- 13% during the overnight testing. However, values decreased significantly for PLAC from 77 +/- 15% to 54 +/- 29% and 51 +/- 31% during the first and second overnight testing periods, respectively. CAF had no effect on marksmanship but improved 6.3-km run times by 1.2 +/- 1.8 min. Run times slowed for PLAC by 0.9 +/- 0.8 min from approximately 35 min during the control run; the changes in performance were significant between groups. Conclusions. it was concluded that CAF maintained vigilance and improved running performance during an overnight field operation for Special Forces personnel. C1 Def R&D Canada, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Div Neuropsychiat, Silver Spring, MD USA. New Zealand Def Force, Auckland, New Zealand. RP McLellan, TM (reprint author), Def R&D Canada, 1133 Sheppard Ave W,POB 2000, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. EM tom.mclellan@drdc-rddc.gc.ca NR 37 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 7 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 BP 647 EP 654 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 941WM UT WOS:000230244900005 PM 16018347 ER PT J AU Banderet, LE Russo, MB AF Banderet, LE Russo, MB TI Cognitive performance and communications in a network-centric battle laboratory SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE operational performance; embedded metrics; cognitive performance; team performance; performance assessment battery; battle laboratory AB Many of the technological advances in the information sciences that make the network-centric battlefield possible will also foster methodologies that enable the study of the warfighter in this environment. Specifically, the tactical events and computer networks in a battle laboratory can be designed with capabilities to facilitate capture and analysis of embedded operational performance metrics. This paper refers to the Air Maneuver Battle Laboratory environment, its command and control components, its synthetic battle environment, and its basic communications structure as an example. This paper also introduces two papers. In the first paper, O'Donnell, Moise, and Schmidt describe their generalized methodology to evaluate personnel during performance of operational tasks. They discuss a cognitive taxonomy, test generator, and synthetic cognitive and motor tests with applicability to military or civilian tasks. Personnel are evaluated with these synthetic tests for those very cognitive skills and capabilities most required to successfully perform the actual operational task of interest. Perhaps the illustrative and innovative measurement methodologies described will encourage others to consider how new approaches can be used to leverage the study of cognitive performance of the future warfighter in a network-centric environment. The second paper by Whitmore discusses how communications and embedded operational performance metrics may be acquired in teams. Whitmore highlights some critical aspects leading to the successful measurement of team performance in realistic console operations; discusses the idea of process and outcome measures; presents two types of team data collection systems; and provides an example of team performance assessment. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Banderet, LE (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Louis.Banderet@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C21 EP C23 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400006 PM 16018325 ER PT J AU Doan, BK Caldwell, JA Hursh, SR Whitmore, JN O'Donnell, RD Russo, MB AF Doan, BK Caldwell, JA Hursh, SR Whitmore, JN O'Donnell, RD Russo, MB TI Assessing psychoactive pharmaceuticals and transitioning pharmacological fatigue countermeasures into operational environments SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE fatigue countermeasures; pharmacologic countermeasures; psychotropic; operations; pharmaceuticals; pharmacology AB Herein we summarize a discussion on the topic of how psychopharmaceuticals for potential military operational use may be evaluated based on their effects on performance and safety, and introduce two manuscripts: the first (Caldwell and Caldwell; 1) addressing the operational use of fatigue countermeasures; and the second (Rowland; 3) discussing the potential operational use and limitations of ketamine as a field analgesic. Fatigue countermeasures are usually employed by a relatively small number of military members engaged in sustained or continuous operations when sleep is not an option. Clinical treatments are available at any time as required to treat medical conditions. The issue of importance for the operational community, with regard to both clinical use of psychopharmaceuticals and performance maintenance through fatigue countermeasures, should be whether the medication impairs operationally relevant performance, assuming the disorder for which the medication is prescribed does not in itself prohibit operational duties. Applied research paradigms are generally discussed for assessing and transitioning pharmaceutical compounds from the laboratory to the operational environment. Tier I focuses on quantifying the impact of stressors and interventions in healthy members of the general population, while Tier 2 testing would use military or operationally matched volunteers in simulated or actual field environments. The section papers address two areas of operational relevance-the Caldwell and Caldwell paper presents guidelines for the use of fatigue countermeasures, and the Rowland paper discusses the potential effects of ketamine, an agent intended to replace morphine as a battlefield analgesic, on cognition. Keywords: fatigue countermeasures, pharmacologic countermeasures, psychotropic, operations, pharmaceuticals, pharmacology. C1 Biosci & Protect Div, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Fatigue Countermeasures Branch, AF Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA USA. NTI Inc, Fairborn, OH USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Doan, BK (reprint author), Biosci & Protect Div, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Fatigue Countermeasures Branch, AF Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM Brandon.Doan@brooks.af.mil NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C34 EP C38 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400009 PM 16018328 ER PT J AU Fukuda, K Stern, JA Brown, TB Russo, MB AF Fukuda, K Stern, JA Brown, TB Russo, MB TI Cognition, blinks, eye-movements, and pupillary movements during performance of a running memory task SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE blinks; eye movements; pupillary movements; cognition; oculomotor; cognitive performance ID EYEBLINK ACTIVITY; VISUAL SUPPRESSION; DISCRIMINATION AB Introduction: Blinks, saccades, and pupil diameter changes are studied for their application as tools to unobtrusively monitor aspects of performance. Methods: Subjects performed a running memory task for a 60-min period. To evaluate changes in the relationship of blinks to saccades as a function of time on task, the ratio of blinks occurring with and without saccade was calculated for the second following stimulus termination plus the last 0.2 s of stimulus presentation, and also the second preceding stimulus onset plus the initial 0.2 s of stimulus presentation. Changes in pupil diameter following blinks with and without saccades were measured at the beginning, middle, and late in the experiment. Results: Blink frequency increased during both periods as a function of time on task (p < 0.0001). The ratio of blinks concurrent with saccades during the post-stimulus period increased as a function of time on task (p < 0.0001). Pupil diameter increased following blink termination (p < 0.05), regardless of time on task, blink duration, or the presence of a saccade during the blink. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the increase in blinking associated with saccades as a function of time on task, and the pupillary dilation following a blink are associated with aspects of information processing. These results provide a framework for future studies assessing higher-order cognitive function in operational environments based on measurements of blink, pupil, and saccades. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Prefectural Univ, Dept Human Dev & Educ, Fukuoka, Japan. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Stern, JA (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Psychol, 1 Brookings Dr,Box 1125, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM jastern@artsci.wustl.edu NR 22 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C75 EP C85 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400014 PM 16018333 ER PT J AU LeDuc, PA Greig, JL Dumond, SL AF LeDuc, PA Greig, JL Dumond, SL TI Involuntary eye responses as measures of fatigue in US Army Apache aviators SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE oculomotor; cognitive; pupillary response; saccade ID PILOTS; FLIGHT; ALERTNESS; SLEEP AB Introduction: AH-64 Apache helicopter pilots fly the aircraft using a monocular helmet-mounted display that provides imagery from two separate forward-looking infrared sensors mounted on the nose of the aircraft. Studies have documented complaints of fatigue, headaches, and visual problems associated with the use of this sighting system. The goals of this study were: 1) to quantify possible flight-induced fatigue in Apache aviators; and 2) to evaluate minimally intrusive neurophysiologic measures of fatigue for potential use in operational environments. Methods: Using a pre/post design, we assessed self-reported levels of alertness, physical, cognitive, and visual fatigue, and ocular indices of fatigue obtained using an instrument specifically designed to capture various eye responses. Data were contributed to this study by 53 aviators. Results: Significant differences in all pre- and postflight ocular responses were observed. Pupil size and constriction latency increased while constriction amplitude and saccadic velocity decreased. Significant pre- and postflight differences were also seen on all self-report measures. Pilots reported being less alert and more fatigued following flight. Conclusions: We found that flight in an AH-64 Apache was a significant factor in producing changes in ocular and self-report measures similar to those produced by sleep loss. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP LeDuc, PA (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, 6901 Farrell Dr, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM Patricia.LeDuc@se.amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C86 EP C91 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400015 PM 16018334 ER PT J AU Lieberman, HR Bathalon, GP Falco, CM Morgan, CA Niro, PJ Tharion, WJ AF Lieberman, HR Bathalon, GP Falco, CM Morgan, CA Niro, PJ Tharion, WJ TI The fog of war: Decrements in cognitive performance and mood associated with combat-like stress SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE vigilance; reaction time; alertness; mood; sleep deprivation; dehydration; military training; sleep; anxiety; reasoning ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; VISUAL VIGILANCE; TOTAL-BODY; CAFFEINE; OPERATIONS; MARKSMANSHIP; MODAFINIL; EFFICACY; HUMANS; MEN AB Introduction: Anecdotal reports from military conflicts suggest cognitive performance and mood are severely degraded by the stress of combat. However, little objective information is available to confirm these observations. Methods: Our laboratory had several unique opportunities to study cognitive function in warfighters engaged in exercises designed to simulate the stress of combat. These studies were conducted in different environments with two different types of military volunteers. in one study, subjects were officers, with an average 9 yr of military service, who were members of an elite U.S. Army unit, the Rangers. In the other study, participants were younger, mostly enlisted, trainees with only 3 yr of military experience on average, in training to determine if they would qualify for an elite U.S. Navy unit, the SEALS. We administered a variety of identical, computer-based cognitive tests to both groups. Results: In both groups, during stressful combat-like training, every aspect of cognitive function assessed was severely degraded compared with baseline, pre-stress performance. Relatively simple cognitive functions such as reaction time and vigilance were significantly impaired, as were more complex functions, including memory and logical reasoning. Discussion: The deficits observed were greater than those typically produced by alcohol intoxication, treatment with sedating drugs, or clinical hypoglycemia. Undoubtedly, such decrements would severely degrade operational effectiveness. Furthermore, it is likely such cognitive decrements would be greater during actual combat. War planners, doctrine developers, and warfighters, especially leaders, need to be aware that combat stress will result in extensive and severe deficits in cognitive performance. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. Natl Ctr PTSD, New Haven, CT USA. RP Lieberman, HR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM harris.lieberman@na.amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 14 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C7 EP C14 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400004 PM 16018323 ER PT J AU Martinez-Lopez, L AF Martinez-Lopez, L TI Cognitive performance in operational environments SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Martinez-Lopez, L (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C2 EP C3 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400002 PM 16018321 ER PT J AU Rowland, LM Thomas, ML Thorne, DR Sing, HC Krichmar, JL Davis, HQ Balwinski, SM Peters, RD Kloeppel-Wagner, E Redmond, DP Alicandri, E Belenky, G AF Rowland, LM Thomas, ML Thorne, DR Sing, HC Krichmar, JL Davis, HQ Balwinski, SM Peters, RD Kloeppel-Wagner, E Redmond, DP Alicandri, E Belenky, G TI Oculomotor responses during partial and total sleep deprivation SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sleepiness; saccadic velocity; pupillary light reflex; fitness for duty ID SACCADIC EYE-MOVEMENTS; OF-DAY VARIATIONS; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; PUPILLOMETRIC ASSESSMENT; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; SELF-ASSESSMENT; DOSE-RESPONSE; PERFORMANCE; PUPILLOGRAPHY; HUMANS AB Introduction: Oculomotor responses related to the pupil light reflex (PLR) and saccadic velocity may be sensitive to the effects of sleepiness and therefore could be used to evaluate an individual's fitness for duty. Methods: There were 12 normal subjects who completed an 8-d study. They were allowed 8 h in bed on the first three nights, 4 h in bed on the fourth night, and then were sleep deprived for the following 64 h. Approximately every 3 h, subjects performed a battery of tests which included a 45-s automated oculomotor test and a 40-min PC-based driving simulator task. Sleepiness was evaluated with a self-assessment instrument. Subjects were allowed 10 h of recovery sleep following sleep deprivation. Results: Oculomotor results for nine subjects showed a significant increase in latency to pupil constriction and a significant decrease in saccadic velocity with total, but not partial, sleep deprivation. The most robust changes during sleep deprivation occurred for saccadic velocity. A night of recovery sleep reversed the effects of total sleep deprivation on latency to pupil constriction and saccadic velocity. Subjective sleepiness and off-road accidents were found to significantly increase over the sleep deprivation period. A significant positive correlation between increasing latency to pupil constriction and increasing sleepiness and driving accidents, and a significant negative correlation between decreasing saccadic velocity and increasing sleepiness and driving accidents during sleep deprivation were found. Conclusion: These findings suggest that oculomotor functions, particularly saccadic velocity, are feasible for assessing neurophysiological changes associated with and predictive of sleep deprivation-induced operational performance degradation. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Neurol Inst, San Diego, CA USA. Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA USA. Fed Highway Adm, Mclean, VA USA. RP Rowland, LM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Maryland Psychiat Res Ctr, POB 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. EM lrowland@mprc.umaryland.edu NR 75 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C104 EP C113 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400017 PM 16018336 ER PT J AU Russo, MB Vo, A Labutta, R Black, I Campbell, W Greene, J McGhee, J Redmond, D AF Russo, MB Vo, A Labutta, R Black, I Campbell, W Greene, J McGhee, J Redmond, D TI Human biovibrations: Assessment of human life signs, motor activity, and cognitive performance using wrist-mounted actigraphy SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE actigraphy; cognition; coma; life signs; sleep; operational performance; physiological status monitoring ID SLEEP-WAKE IDENTIFICATION; MOTION SICKNESS; MOOD; PATTERNS; TREMOR; CREWS; BODY AB The application of miniature motion sensors (accelerometers) to study the macro- (gross) and micro- (barely discernible) activities associated with human motion has been termed actigraphy. In countless human sleep studies, actigraphy has mostly been applied to distinguish between when a person is asleep or awake. Use of sleep/wake information has been applied to the development of mathematical models that aim to predict aspects of cognitive performance. However, wrist-mounted actigraphy potentially has many more applications to cognitive and physical assessment beyond sleep/wake discrimination. For example, studies reveal that micro-miniature accelerometric sensors can discriminate heart rate, breathing, and life cessation (death) via actigraphically measured biovibration signals. This paper briefly reviews the development of wrist-mounted actigraphy; presents the data showing wrist-monitored ballistocardioimpulses, respirations, and life-signs signals; discusses the application of sophisticated signal processing for new clinical, operational, and cognitive-assessment-related applications; and concludes with recommendations for further research for demodulating the complex actigram signal. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Military Med, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Russo, MB (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, 6901 Farrell Dr,POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM michael.russo@us.army.mil NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C64 EP C74 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400013 PM 16018332 ER PT J AU Russo, MB Kendall, AP Johnson, DE Sing, HC Thorne, DR Escolas, SM Santiago, S Holland, DA Hall, SW Redmond, DP AF Russo, MB Kendall, AP Johnson, DE Sing, HC Thorne, DR Escolas, SM Santiago, S Holland, DA Hall, SW Redmond, DP TI Visual perception, psychomotor performance, and complex motor performance during an overnight air refueling simulated flight SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE aerospace human factors; fatigue; sleep deprivation; visual neglect; psychomotor vigilance; lapses; visual perception; aerial refueling; visual attention ID TOTAL SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; FATIGUE; ALERTNESS; MOOD; ACCURACY; AVIATORS; PATTERNS; MISSIONS; RECOVERY; DURATION AB Introduction: Visual perception task, complex motor flight task, and psychomotor vigilance task performances were evaluated in U.S. Air Force pilots navigating a high-fidelity fixed wing jet simulator over 26 5 h of continuous wakefulness. Methods: Eight military pilots on flight status performed the primary task of flying a simulated 12.5-h overnight mission in an Air Refueling Part Task Trainer (ARPTT). Response omission to presentation of single- and double-light stimuli displayed in random sequence across the cockpit instrument panel was the metric used to assess choice visual perception task (CVPT) performance. Deviation from an established azimuth heading in the ARPTT during the CVPT was the flight metric used to assess complex motor performance. Speed, lapse, false start, and anticipation were the metrics used to assess psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) performance during crew rest periods. Results: Significant visual perceptual, complex motor, and psychomotor vigilance (speed and lapse) impairments occurred at 19 h awake in the eight-subject group. CVPT response omissions significantly correlated with ARPTT azimuth deviations at r = 0.97, and with PVT speed at r = -0.92 and lapses at r = 0.90. ARPTT azimuth deviations significantly correlated with PVT speed at r = -0.92 and lapses at r = 0.91. Conclusions: Acute sleep deprivation degrades visual perceptual, complex motor, and simple motor performance. Complex motor impairments strongly correlate with visual perceptual impairments. This research provides support for the use of visual perceptual measures as surrogates of complex motor performance in operational situations where the primary cognitive inputs are through the visual system. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. LB&B Inc, Simulator Syst, L3 Com Inc, McGuire AFB, NJ USA. USAF, Off Sci Res, McGuire AFB, NJ USA. RP Russo, MB (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance Div, 6901 Farrell Dr,POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM michael.russo@us.army.mil NR 51 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C92 EP C103 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400016 PM 16018335 ER PT J AU Russo, MB Stetz, MC Thomas, ML AF Russo, MB Stetz, MC Thomas, ML TI Monitoring and predicting cognitive state and performance via physiological correlates of neuronal signals SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE cognitive neurophysiology; actigraphy; oculometrics; electroencephalography; cognitive state assessment; cognitive performance prediction AB Judgment, decision making, and situational awareness are higher-order mental abilities critically important to operational cognitive performance. Higher-order mental abilities rely on intact functioning of multiple brain regions, including the prefrontal, thalamus, and parietal areas. Real-time monitoring of individuals for cognitive performance capacity via an approach based on sampling multiple neurophysiologic signals and integrating those signals with performance prediction models potentially provides a method of supporting warfighters' and commanders' decision making and other operationally relevant mental processes and is consistent with the goals of augmented cognition. Cognitive neurophysiological assessments that directly measure brain function and subsequent cognition include positron emission tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, mass spectroscopy, near-infrared spectroscopy, magnetoencephalography, and electroencephalography (EEG); however, most direct measures are not practical to use in operational environments. More practical, albeit indirect measures that are generated by, but removed from the actual neural sources, are movement activity, oculometrics, heart rate, and voice stress signals. The goal of the papers in this section is to describe advances in selected direct and indirect cognitive neurophysiologic monitoring techniques as applied for the ultimate purpose of preventing operational performance failures. These papers present data acquired in a wide variety of environments, including laboratory, simulator, and clinical arenas. The papers discuss cognitive neurophysiologic measures such as digital signal processing wrist-mounted actigraphy; oculometrics including blinks, saccadic eye movements, pupillary movements, the pupil light reflex; and high-frequency EEG. These neurophysiological indices are related to cognitive performance as measured through standard test batteries and simulators with conditions including sleep loss, time on task, and aviation flight-induced fatigue. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Navigator Dev Grp Inc, USAARL, Enterprise, AL USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Russo, MB (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Aircrew Hlth & Performance, 6901 Farrell Dr,POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM michael.russo@us.army.mil NR 12 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C59 EP C63 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400012 PM 16018331 ER PT J AU Sing, HC Kautz, MA Thorne, DR Hall, SW Redmond, DP Johnson, DE Warren, K Bailey, J Russo, MB AF Sing, HC Kautz, MA Thorne, DR Hall, SW Redmond, DP Johnson, DE Warren, K Bailey, J Russo, MB TI High-frequency EEG as measure of cognitive function capacity: A preliminary report SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE high frequency EEG; spectral analysis; cognitive performance; vigilance; sleep deprivation; alertness; drowsiness ID PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT BATTERY; REGIONAL BRAIN ACTIVITY; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; ALERTNESS; GUIDELINES; PATTERNS AB Background: High-frequency EEG (HFE) as a potential predictor of alertness/drowsiness was first proposed by Kaplan and Loparo. Sampling EEG at 950 Hz, they established an HFE bandwidth of interest ranging from 100-475 Hz. We extend their work by applying discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of HFE signals sampled at 1000 Hz and partitioned into spectral bands along specific frequency ranges for the assessment of sleep-wake state transition, sleep, and active cognitive engagement. Methods: There were 13 volunteers (6 men, 7 women, 30 +/- 3 yr) who participated in a 40-h sleep-deprivation study, during which time they performed multiple cognitive tasks. EEG, in synchrony with other physiological signals, was collected at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz. EEG and task performance results from two volunteers are discussed in this preliminary analysis of the C3-C4 region data. Spectral components obtained from DFT are delineated into five main frequency bands: low, (LFB, 1-15 Hz); intermediate (IFB, 16-50 Hz); and 3 high frequency bands: HFBI (51-100 Hz); HFB2 (101-200 Hz); and HFB3 (201-500 Hz) for analysis purposes. Results: LFB in the 1-15 Hz range at 0.40 spectrum proportion indicated declining alertness; LFB above 0.50 signals transition to sleep; and LFB at 0.70 indicates Stage 2/3 sleep. HFB3 in the 201-500 Hz range at 0.25 and above was a marker of cognitive function and/or capacity. Conclusions: HFE may provide a quantitative measure of cognitive function capacity. LFB may provide a measure for awake, asleep, or awake-sleep transition, and HFB3 an estimate of cognitive task engagement. HFE may be applied for electroencephalographic monitoring of cognitive performance. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Sing, HC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Rm 2W88, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM helen.sing@na.amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C114 EP C135 PG 22 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400018 PM 16018337 ER PT J AU Stetz, MC McDonald, JJ Lukey, BJ Gifford, RK AF Stetz, MC McDonald, JJ Lukey, BJ Gifford, RK TI Psychiatric diagnoses as a cause of medical evacuation SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mental health; stress; depression; combat; Operation Enduring Freedom; Operation Iraqi Freedom ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VIETNAM VETERANS; FEMALE; CARE AB The U.S. military is one of the best trained military organizations in the world. However, war-zone stressors may compromise the psychological resilience of even the most conditioned U.S. service members. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contributing causes for medical evacuation (medevac) during the present war on terrorism. We studied 5,671 cases of medevac reports during Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom (OEF and OIF). Our data indicated that psychiatric problems were among the leading causes of medevacs during this period of time. In fact, during March to September 2003, psychiatric problems accounted for 7% of the medevac cases during OEF and 6% during OIF, ranking among the top five reasons for evacuation from each theater. With the use of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-9), we found that "Top Level Mental Disorders" and "Persons without reported diagnosis encountered during examination and investigation of individuals and populations" were the two main psychiatric reasons for the medevacs. Consequently, mental health researchers, operational commanders, and policy makers should continue developing procedures to mitigate psychiatric problems that translate to personnel loss and readiness decrements on the battlefield. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Mil Operat Med Res Program, HQ, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Traumat Stress, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Stetz, MC (reprint author), Mil Operat Res Program, Directorate 3, Res Area, Bldg 722,Room 24, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM melba.stetz@us.army.mil NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 7 SU S BP C15 EP C20 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 942YI UT WOS:000230318400005 PM 16018324 ER PT J AU Krutz, LJ Beyrouty, CA Gentry, TJ Wolf, DC Reynolds, CM AF Krutz, LJ Beyrouty, CA Gentry, TJ Wolf, DC Reynolds, CM TI Selective enrichment of a pyrene degrader population and enhanced pyrene degradation in Bermuda grass rhizosphere SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE pyrene; phytoremediation; rhizosphere; Cynodon dactylon; degrader population; biodegradation ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PROBABLE-NUMBER PROCEDURE; MICROBIAL-POPULATIONS; SOIL SAMPLES; PHYTOREMEDIATION; MINERALIZATION; MICROORGANISMS; ATRAZINE; DISSIPATION; PAHS AB Rhizosphere soil has a more diverse and active microbial community compared to nonvegetated soil. Consequently, the rhizosphere pyrene degrader population (PDP) and pyrene degradation may be enhanced compared to nonvegetated bulk soil (NVB). The objectives of this growth chamber study were to compare ( 1) Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon cv. Guymon) growth in pyrene- contaminated and noncontaminated soils and ( 2) pyrene degradation and PDP among NVB, Bermuda grass bulk ( BB), and Bermuda grass rhizosphere soil ( BR). Soils were amended with pyrene at 0 and 500 mg kg(-1), seeded with Bermuda grass, and thinned to two plants per pot 14 days after planting (DAP). Pyrene degradation was evaluated over 63 days. The PDP was enumerated via a most probable number (MPN) procedure at 63 DAP. Bermuda grass root growth was more sensitive to pyrene contamination than shoot growth. Pyrene degradation followed first-order kinetics. Pyrene degradation was significantly greater in BR compared to BB and NVB with rate constants of 0.082, 0.050, and 0.052 day(-1), respectively. The PDPs were 8.01, 7.30, and 6.83 log(10) MPN g(-1) dry soil for BR, BB, and NVB, respectively. The largest PDP was in soil with the most rapid pyrene degradation. These results indicate that Bermuda grass can grow in pyrene-contaminated soil and enhance pyrene degradation through a rhizosphere effect. C1 ARS, USDA, SWSRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Krutz, LJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SWSRU, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jkrutz@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 22 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD JUL PY 2005 VL 41 IS 5 BP 359 EP 364 DI 10.1007/s00374-005-0844-9 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 931UT UT WOS:000229511700008 ER PT J AU Gorak, E Geller, N Srinivasan, R Espinoza-Delgado, I Donohue, T Barrett, AJ Suffredini, A Childs, R AF Gorak, E Geller, N Srinivasan, R Espinoza-Delgado, I Donohue, T Barrett, AJ Suffredini, A Childs, R TI Engraftment syndrome after nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Incidence and effects on survival SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; survival; engraftment syndrome; neutrophil recovery ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; VERSUS-HOST-DISEASE; GENE POLYMORPHISMS ASSOCIATE; BREAST-CANCER PATIENTS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; PULMONARY TOXICITY; TRANSFUSIONS; NEUTROPHILS; REGRESSION; MORTALITY AB Engraftment syndrome (ES) encompasses a constellation of symptoms that occur during neutrophil recovery after both autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). Although it is well characterized after conventional myeloablative procedures, limited data exist on this complication after nonmyeloablative allogeneic HCT. The clinical manifestations, incidence, and risk factors associated with ES were investigated in a consecutive series of patients undergoing cyclophosphamide/fludarabine-based nomnyeloablative allogeneic HCT from a related HLA-compatible donor. Fifteen (10%) of 149 patients (median age, 53 years; range, 27-66 years) developed ES; the onset of symptoms occurred at a median of 10 days (range, 3-14 days), and they consisted of fever (100%), cough (53%), diffuse pulmonary infiltrates (100%), rash (13%), and room air hypoxia (87%). ES was more likely to develop in patients who received empiric amphotericin formulations after transplant conditioning (Fisher exact test; P =.007). In a multivariate analysis, older patient age, female sex, and treatment with amphotericin were predictors for the development of ES. Intravenous methylprednisolone led to the rapid resolution of ES; however, transplant-related mortality was significantly higher (cumulative incidence, 49% versus 16%; P =.0005), and median survival was significantly shorter (168 versus 418 days; P =.005) in patients with ES compared with non-ES patients. In conclusion, ES occurs commonly after cyclophosphamide/fludarabine-based nomnyeloablative transplantation and responds rapidly to corticosteroid treatment, but it is associated with a higher risk of nonrelapse mortality and with shorter overall survival. (c) 2005 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. C1 NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. NHLBI, Off Biostat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Urol Oncol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Childs, R (reprint author), NHLBI, Hematol Branch, NIH, 10-7C103,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1652, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM childsr@nhlbi.nih.gov NR 42 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 1083-8791 J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 11 IS 7 BP 542 EP 550 DI 10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.04.009 PG 9 WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 944KD UT WOS:000230425500007 PM 15983554 ER PT J AU Mittendorf, EA Storrer, CE Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Mittendorf, EA Storrer, CE Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE TI Evaluation of the CD107 cytotoxicity assay for the detection of cytolytic CD8(+) cells recognizing HER2/neu vaccine peptides SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE CD107; cytotoxicity; HER2/neu; peptides; vaccines ID OVARIAN-CANCER; T-LYMPHOCYTES; DENDRITIC CELLS; HER-2/NEU PROTOONCOGENE; METASTATIC BREAST; EX-VIVO; IN-VIVO; IMMUNIZATION; GENERATION; IMMUNITY AB The recently reported FACS-based CD107 assay has been used in human HIV and CMV antigen models as well as in the ex vivo analysis of tumor cytolytic T cells in a melanoma model by a single group. The purpose of our study was to validate this assay and to use it in previously untested viral and tumor antigen models. Specifically, we investigated the use of the novel CD107 cytotoxicity assay in the detection of influenza and HER2/ neu tumor-specific cytolytic CD8(+) T cells. CD8(+) T cells from HLA-A2(+) healthy donors were stimulated with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with FluM or the HER2/ neu peptides, E75 or GP2. These CD8(+) T cells were then tested in cytotoxicity assays at varying effector: target ( E: T) ratios against T2 targets. Cytotoxicity was measured by detection of CD107a and b on the surface of CD8(+) T cells. An E: T of 1: 5 was found to optimize the resulting percentage of CD8(+) CD107(+) T cells. E75- and GP2- stimulated CD8(+) T cells were then tested in cytotoxicity assays with MCF-7 (HER2/ neu(+) HLA-A2(+)) and AU565 (HER2/ neu(+) HLA-A2(-)) tumor cells. Cytotoxicity was measured by both the CD107 assay and the Cr-51 release assay. Results of cytotoxicity were then correlated between these two assays. In representative experiments, the CD107 assay identified average specific increases for E75- and GP2- stimulated cells of 4.26 and 3.57%, respectively. These results correlated favorably with cytotoxicity as measured by the traditional Cr-51 assay. These findings confirm preliminary reports of the CD107 assay and suggest its usefulness for monitoring cancer trials. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Immunol & Res Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Mittendorf, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM elizabeth.mittendorf@na.amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 92 IS 1 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1007/s10549-005-0988-1 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 939LB UT WOS:000230073100012 PM 15980996 ER PT J AU Erlin, B Mather, B AF Erlin, B Mather, B TI A new process by which cyclic freezing can damage concrete - the Erlin/Mather effect a concept SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 Erlin Co, Latrobe, PA 15650 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Erlin, B (reprint author), Erlin Co, 1693 Clearview Dr, Latrobe, PA 15650 USA. EM be5023@aol.com RI Chen, Wei/A-5694-2010 NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1407 EP 1411 DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.08.023 PG 5 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 938GG UT WOS:000229987300019 ER PT J AU Lesho, E Gunning, S Wortmann, G AF Lesho, E Gunning, S Wortmann, G TI An AIDS patient with fever and rash SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lesho, E (reprint author), 611 Forest Glen Rd, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. EM emillesho@yahoo.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 41 IS 1 BP 75 EP + PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 932BY UT WOS:000229530400012 PM 15940812 ER PT J AU Davison, JM Montilla-Soler, JL Broussard, E Wilson, R Cap, A Allen, T AF Davison, JM Montilla-Soler, JL Broussard, E Wilson, R Cap, A Allen, T TI F-18 FDG PET-CT imaging of a mycotic aneurysm SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE mycotic aneurysm; PET; indium-111 WBC scintigraphy; CT; MRI; infection ID INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS AB We present a case of a 74-year-old man with a history of a known 4.3-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and recent sigmoid colectomy for colon cancer who presented with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, renal failure, and low-grade fever. The likely source of his bacteremia was an infected AAA, seeded hematogenously at the time of surgery. This diagnosis was confirmed by several different imaging modalities to include computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), indium-111 labeled white blood cell single-photon emission computed tomography (WBC-SPECT), and F-18 FDG positron emission tomography (PET). We demonstrate concordance among these modalities, including PET-CT, the newest addition to the mycotic aneurysm diagnostic armamentarium. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Davison, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Clin, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Jonathan.Davison@na.amedd.army.mil NR 7 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 30 IS 7 BP 483 EP 487 DI 10.1097/01.rlu.0000167663.17630.0a PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 938PZ UT WOS:000230016600005 PM 15965324 ER PT J AU Rooney, AP Swezey, JL Wicklow, DT McAtee, MJ AF Rooney, AP Swezey, JL Wicklow, DT McAtee, MJ TI Bacterial species diversity in cigarettes linked to an investigation of severe pneumonitis in US military personnel deployed in operation Iraqi freedom SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE EOSINOPHILIC PNEUMONIA; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM; SP-NOV; SMOKING; SEQUENCES; CEREUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; IDENTIFICATION; BACTEREMIA AB This report presents results from a study on the bacterial diversity of cigarette brands collected from military personnel during the U.S. Army's investigation of a series of cases of acute eosinophilic pneumonitis in military personnel deployed in Operation Iraqi Freedom. Eight species of Bacillus, including five new species, and one new species of Kurthia were isolated from the cigarettes. Some of these species have been identified elsewhere as causes of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and other respiratory syndromes. All of the isolates were facultative anaerobes, and many displayed mucoid growth under anaerobic conditions. In addition, many isolates also displayed the ability to form surface biofilms under liquid culture. Although biofilm formation and mucoid growth were not correlated, the former was found to be much more pronounced under anaerobic conditions as opposed to aerobic ones. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. USDA ARS, Mycotoxins Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Rooney, AP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM rooney@ncaur.usda.gov NR 40 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 51 IS 1 BP 46 EP 52 DI 10.1007/s00284-005-4491-z PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 949WE UT WOS:000230818800010 PM 15942700 ER PT J AU Burroughs, R Kerr, L Zimmerman, B Elston, DM AF Burroughs, R Kerr, L Zimmerman, B Elston, DM TI Aquatic antagonists: Sea urchin dermatitis SO CUTIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID INJURIES; SPINES; GRANULOMA; ARTHRITIS C1 Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17821 USA. Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Danville, PA 17821 USA. Mercy Med Ctr, Clinton, IA USA. Army Natl Guard, Waterloo, ON, Canada. Allen Mem Hosp, Waterloo, ON, Canada. Iowa Army Natl Guard, Johnston, IA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 100 N Acad Ave, Danville, PA 17821 USA. EM dmelston@geisinger.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 1 BP 18 EP 20 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 946MU UT WOS:000230577200002 PM 16144283 ER PT J AU Wosu, SN Hui, D Dutta, PK AF Wosu, SN Hui, D Dutta, PK TI Dynamic mixed-mode I/II delamination fracture and energy release rate of unidirectional graphite/epoxy composites SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE mixed mode; delamination; dynamic interlaminar fracture; split Hopkinson pressure bar; energy release rate ID INTERLAMINAR FRACTURE; EPOXY COMPOSITES; TOUGHNESS; IMPACT AB Mixed-mode open-notch flexure (MONF), anti-symmetric loaded end-notched flexure (MENF) and center-notched flexure (MCNF) specimens were used to investigate dynamic mixed I/II mode delamination fracture using a fracturing split Hopkinson pressure bar (F-SHPB). An expression for dynamic energy release rate G(d) is formulated and evaluated. The experimental results show that dynamic delamination increases linearly with mode mixing. At low input energy E-i <= 4.0 J, the dynamic (G(d)) and total (G(T)) energy rates are independent of mixed-mode ratio. At higher impact energy of 4.0 <= E-i <= 9.3 J, G(d) decreases slowly with mixed I/II mode ratio while GT is observed to increase more rapidly. In general, Gd increases more rapidly with increasing delamination than with increasing energy absorbed. The results show that for the impact energy of 9.3 J before fragmentation of the plate, the effect of kinetic energy is not significant and should be neglected. For the same energy-absorption level, the delamination is greatest at low mixed-mode ratios corresponding to highest Mode II contribution. The results of energy release rates from MONF were compared with mixed-mode bending (MMB) formulation and show some agreement in Mode II but differences in prediction for Mode I. Hackle (Mode II) features on SEM photographs decrease as the impact energy is increased but increase as the Mode I/II ratio decreases. For the same loading conditions, more pure Mode II features are generated on the MCNF specimen fractured surfaces than the MENF and MONF specimens. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ New Orleans, Dept Mech Engn, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Wosu, SN (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM nwosu@engr.pitt.edu NR 40 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 10 BP 1531 EP 1558 DI 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2004.08.008 PG 28 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 920II UT WOS:000228682200003 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, JR Werner, D Ghosh, U Millward, RN Bridges, TS Luthy, RG AF Zimmerman, JR Werner, D Ghosh, U Millward, RN Bridges, TS Luthy, RG TI Effects of dose and particle size on activated carbon treatment to sequester polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine sediments SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE polychlorinated biphenyls; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; sediment treatment activated carbon ID AMPHIPOD LEPTOCHEIRUS-PLUMULOSUS; SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; PAH BIOAVAILABILITY; REDUCE PCB; SORPTION; CADMIUM; MUSSELS; RIVER; RESIN AB Recent laboratory studies show that mixing activated carbon with contaminated sediment reduces the chemical and biological availability of hydrophobic organic contaminants. In this study, we test the effects of varying the activated carbon dose and particle size in reducing the aqueous availability of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the uptake of PCBs by two benthic organisms. We mixed PCB- and PAH-contaminated sediment from Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, San Francisco Bay (CA, USA), for one month with activated carbon, at doses of 0.34, 1.7, and 3.4% dry mass basis. We found that increasing the carbon dose increased the effectiveness in reducing PCB bioaccumulation. In 56-d uptake tests with the benthic organisms Neanthes arenaceodentata and Leptocheirus plumulosus, PCB bioaccumulation was reduced by 93 and 90%, respectively, with 3.4% carbon. Increasing the dose also increased the effectiveness in reducing PCB and PAH aqueous concentrations and uptake by semipermeable membrane devices and quiescent flux of PCBs to overlying water. Decreasing activated carbon particle size increased treatment effectiveness in reducing PCB aqueous concentration, and larger-sized activated carbon (400-1,700 mu m) was ineffective with a contact period of one month. We invoke a numerical model based on intraparticle diffusion in sediment and activated carbon particles to help interpret our experimental results. This model was useful in explaining the trends for the effect of activated carbon dose and particle size on PCB aqueous concentrations in well-mixed systems. C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Sch Civil Engn & Geosci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Luthy, RG (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM luthy@stanford.edu NR 18 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 31 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 7 BP 1594 EP 1601 DI 10.1897/04-368R.1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 937XU UT WOS:000229960700003 PM 16050574 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Crissey, J Doerr, DF Idris, AH Lurie, KG AF Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Crissey, J Doerr, DF Idris, AH Lurie, KG TI Effects of inspiratory impedance on hemodynamic responses to a squat-stand test in human volunteers: implications for treatment of orthostatic hypotension SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE respiration; blood pressure; heart rate; stroke volume; cardiac output; peripheral vascular resistance ID DECOMPRESSION CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; THRESHOLD VALVE; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; CARDIAC-ARREST; PORCINE MODEL; STROKE VOLUME; INTOLERANCE; FEASIBILITY; RESISTANCE AB Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated that spontaneous breathing through an inspiratory impedance threshold device (ITD) increased heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q), and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in supine human subjects. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of an ITD as a countermeasure against development of orthostatic hypotension, provoked using a squat-to-stand test (SST). Using a prospective, randomized blinded protocol, 18 healthy, normotensive volunteers (9 males, 9 females) completed two-counterbalanced 6-min SST protocols with and without (sham) an ITD set to open at 0.7 kPa (7-cm H2O) pressure. HR, SV, Q, total peripheral resistance (TPR), and MAP were assessed noninvasively with infrared finger photoplethysmography. Symptoms were recorded on a 5-point scale (1 = normal; 5 = faint) of subject perceived rating (SPR). The reduction in TPR produced by SST (-35 +/- 5 %) was not affected by the ITD. Reduction in MAP with ITD during the transient phase of the SST (-3.6 +/- 0.5 kPa or -27 +/- 4 mmHg) was less (P = 0.03) than that measured while breathing through a sham device (-4.8 +/- 0.4 kPa or -36 +/- 3 mmHg) despite similar (P < 0.926) elevations in HR of 15 +/- 2 bpm. SV (+2 +/- 4 %) and Q (+22 +/- 5 %) with the ITD were higher (P < 0.04) than SV (-8 +/- 4 %) and Q (+10 +/- 6 %) without the ITD. SPR was 1.4 +/- 0.1 with ITD compared to 2.0 +/- 0.2 with the sham device (P < 0.04). This reduction in orthostatic symptoms with application of an ITD during the SST was associated with higher MAP, SV and Q. Our results demonstrate the potential application of an ITD as a countermeasure against orthostatic hypotension. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NASA, Bionet Corp, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. NASA, Spaceflight & Life Sci Training Program, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. NASA, Technol Implementat Branch, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg & Emergency Med, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Emergency Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Adv Circulatory Syst Inc, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM victor.convertino@amedd.army.mil OI Idris, Ahamed/0000-0001-7113-6499 NR 35 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 94 IS 4 BP 392 EP 399 DI 10.1007/s00421-005-1344-1 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 939KP UT WOS:000230071900006 PM 15864634 ER PT J AU Ness, GC Pendleton, LC McCreery, MJ AF Ness, GC Pendleton, LC McCreery, MJ TI Target size analysis by radiation inactivation: The use of free radical scavengers SO EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE radiation inactivation analysis; free radical scavengers; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glutamate dehydrogenase; target size determinations; functional units of proteins ID LIVER GLUTAMATE-DEHYDROGENASE; MOLECULAR-SIZE; FUNCTIONAL SIZE; 3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME; BOVINE LIVER; IN-SITU; REDUCTASE; ENZYMES; RECEPTOR; MASS AB Several model systems were employed to assess indirect effects that occur in the process of using radiation inactivation analysis to determine protein target sizes. In the absence of free radical scavengers, such as mannitol and benzoic acid, protein functional unit sizes can be drastically overestimated. In the case of glutamate dehydrogenase, inclusion of free radical scavengers reduced the apparent target size from that of a hexamer to that of a trimer based on enzyme activity determinations. For glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the apparent target size was reduced from a dimer to a monomer. The target sizes for both glutamate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the presence of free radical scavengers corresponded to subunit sizes when determinations of protein by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or immunoblotting were done rather than enzyme activity. The free radical scavengers appear to compete with proteins for damage by secondary radiation products, since irradiation of these compounds can result in production of inhibitory species. Addition of benzoic acid/mannitol to samples undergoing irradiation was more effective in eliminating secondary damage than were 11 other potential free radical scavenging systems. Addition of a free radical scavenging system enables more accurate functional unit size determinations to be made using radiation inactivation analysis. C1 Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Tampa, FL 33162 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Ness, GC (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33162 USA. EM gness@hsc.usf.edu NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1535-3702 EI 1535-3699 J9 EXP BIOL MED JI Exp. Biol. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 230 IS 7 BP 455 EP 463 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 940ZM UT WOS:000230184400003 PM 15985620 ER PT J AU Falk, RH Janowiak, JJ Cosper, SD Drozdz, SA AF Falk, RH Janowiak, JJ Cosper, SD Drozdz, SA TI Remilling of salvaged wood siding coated with lead-based paint. Part I. Lead exposure SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB It is well known that the lead contained in lead-based paint (LBP) can pose a serious human health risk if ingested. In our nation's building infrastructure, millions of meters of high quality salvageable lumber have been coated with LBP. The study presented in this and a companion paper investigated the feasibility of producing several standardized wood product profiles, including flooring, bevel siding, and paneling, from salvaged LBP-coated wood. This paper presents the results of an evaluation of worker and workplace exposure to lead during wood remilling operations. Approximately 2180 in (7,152 ft) of painted Douglas-fir drop siding salvaged from deconstructed U.S. Army barracks was evaluated. Results indicate that when properly sized and specified, commonly available woodworking machinery and dust collection systems can be used to safely profile, filter, and collect waste LBP shavings and dust from remachining operations. Lead exposure to workers in the vicinity of remanufacturing operations was found to be less than one-tenth that of the OSHA permissible exposure limit for indoor lead exposure. In addition, lead present on the produced wood product was found to be a fraction of that found on the original painted wood material. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Falk, RH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM rfalk@wisc.edu; jjj2@psu.edu; stephen.d.cosper@erdc.usace.army.mil; susan.a.drozdz@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 55 IS 7-8 BP 76 EP 80 PG 5 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 958HK UT WOS:000231435100012 ER PT J AU Janowiak, JJ Falk, RH Beakler, BW Lampo, RG Napier, TR AF Janowiak, JJ Falk, RH Beakler, BW Lampo, RG Napier, TR TI Remilling of salvaged wood siding coated with lead-based paint. Part 2. Wood product yield SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Many U.S. military buildings being targeted for removal contain large quantities of potentially reusable wood materials. In this study, we evaluated approximately 2180 in (7,152 ft) of painted Douglas-fir siding salvaged from U.S. Army barracks. Utilizing a conventional woodworking molder, we evaluated the feasibility of producing several standardized wood product profiles, including flooring, bevel siding, and paneling. Evaluation of visual quality followed by remanufacture of siding coated with lead-based paint indicated that valuable wood products could be produced from the salvaged siding; however, this value is dependent on several factors, including the original quality (grade) as well as the extent of damage (e.g., nail holes, splits, discoloration, decay, weathering). We conclude that wood siding salvaged from military buildings can be successfully remanufactured into value-added products. Tongue & groove (T&G) flooring is a promising product in particular since short pieces of siding can be utilized. As much as 50 percent of the weight of salvaged siding can be diverted from landfill disposal by remanufacturing into T&G flooring. In addition, the market value of T&G flooring may be less affected by nail holes in the salvaged siding. We estimate that T&G flooring has a potential sale value of $3 to $6 per square foot and remanufactured Douglas-fir millwork has a potential producer sale value of about $1.20 to $1.90 per board foot. C1 Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. USA, Corps Construct Engn Res Lab, Urbana, IL USA. RP Janowiak, JJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jj2@psue.edu; rfalk@wisc.edu; bwb113@psu.edu; richard.g.lampo@erdc.usace.army.mil; thomas.r.napier@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 55 IS 7-8 BP 81 EP 86 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 958HK UT WOS:000231435100013 ER PT J AU Palka, EJ Galgano, FA Corson, MW AF Palka, Eugene J. Galgano, Francis A. Corson, Mark W. TI Operation Iraqi freedom: A military geographical perspective SO GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article AB The war in Iraq has spanned the full spectrum of military operations: intense combat, stability-and-support operations, and peacetime activities. Regardless of their nature and relative intensity, military operations are shaped by the characteristics of the military operating environment. Consequently, the scale, tempo, and complexity of any type of military endeavor are linked to the physical and cultural landscapes of the region in which it is conducted. Military geographers use geographical information, tools, and techniques to examine those links. lraq's operating environment is studied to identify the relevant components of its physical and human geography. This military geographical examination of Iraq tells us a great deal about how the physical and cultural environment have influenced the war, as well as how the complexity of its human landscape continues to affect the postwar rebuilding of the country. C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NW Missouri State Univ, Maryville, MO 64469 USA. RP Palka, EJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOGRAPHICAL SOC PI NEW YORK PA 120 WALL ST, STE 100, NEW YORK, NY 10005 USA SN 0016-7428 J9 GEOGR REV JI Geogr. Rev. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 95 IS 3 BP 373 EP 399 PG 27 WC Geography SC Geography GA 051NA UT WOS:000238166600005 ER PT J AU Balachandran, S Chow, TP Agarwal, A Scozzie, C Jones, KA AF Balachandran, S Chow, TP Agarwal, A Scozzie, C Jones, KA TI 4 kV 4H-SiC epitaxial emitter bipolar junction transistors SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 4H-SiC; bipolar junction transistor (BJT); emitter contact resistance; power semiconductor devices AB In this paper, we present 4H-SiC bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) with open-base blocking voltage (BVCEO) of 4000 V, specific on-resistance (R-on,R-sp) of 56 m Omega-cm(2), and common-emitter current gain beta similar to 9. These devices are designed with interdigitated base and emitter fingers with multiple emitter stripes. We assess the impact of design (emitter stripe width and contact spacing) on device performance and also examine the effect of emitter contact resistance on the device forward conduction characteristics. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn, Ctr Integrated Elect, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. SEDD, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Elect Comp & Syst Engn, Ctr Integrated Elect, Troy, NY 12180 USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 EI 1558-0563 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 26 IS 7 BP 470 EP 472 DI 10.1109/LED.2005.851174 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 940NE UT WOS:000230150400015 ER PT J AU Benton, RE Smith, D AF Benton, RE Smith, D TI A static-output-feedback design procedure for robust emergency lateral control of a highway vehicle SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE linear matrix inequalities (LMIs); output feedback; parameter space methods; road vehicle control; robustness; time-varying systems; uncertain systems ID CONTINUOUS GAIN EQUATIONS; STEERING CONTROLLERS; AUTOMATED VEHICLES; PRESCRIBED DEGREE; MODEL COMPLEXITY; STABILITY; STABILIZATION; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEMS; FRONT AB A linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based procedure for the design of robust static-output-feedback controllers is demonstrated on the problem of emergency lateral control of a highway vehicle with bounded time-varying uncertainties. A linear time-varying (LTV) tire model is used with a yaw-plane model of a highway vehicle to express the problem of emergency lateral control. The vehicle system is parameterized for variation in speed between (15 m/s and 30 m/s) and independent variation of front and rear effective lateral tire stiffnesses (between 30 kN/rad and 60 kN/rad) to form a polytope of linear systems. A stabilizing static-output-feedback controller is designed and its gains are reduced while guaranteeing robust stability. C1 USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR AE AE F, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Rimkus Consulting Grp Inc, Houston, TX 77046 USA. RP Benton, RE (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR AE AE F, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM robert.e.benton@us.army.mil; des@rimkus.com NR 32 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1063-6536 J9 IEEE T CONTR SYST T JI IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 13 IS 4 BP 618 EP 623 DI 10.1109/TCST.2004.841681 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 936ON UT WOS:000229865400013 ER PT J AU Sun, K Ning, P Wang, C AF Sun, K Ning, P Wang, C TI Fault-tolerant cluster-wise clock synchronization for wireless sensor networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE clock synchronization; wireless sensor networks; fault tolerance ID DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS AB Wireless sensor networks have received a lot of attention recently due to their wide applications, such as target tracking, environment monitoring, and scientific exploration in dangerous environments. It is usually necessary to have a cluster of sensor nodes share a common view of a local clock time, so that all these nodes can coordinate in some important applications, such as time slotted MAC protocols, power-saving protocols with sleep/listen modes, etc. However, all the clock synchronization techniques proposed for sensor networks assume benign environments; they cannot survive malicious attacks in hostile environments. Fault-tolerant clock synchronization techniques are potential candidates to address this problem. However, existing approaches are all resource consuming and suffer from message collisions in most of cases. This paper presents a novel fault-tolerant clock synchronization scheme for clusters of nodes in sensor networks, where the nodes in each cluster can communicate through broadcast. The proposed scheme guarantees an upper bound of clock difference between any nonfaulty nodes in a cluster, provided that the malicious nodes are no more than one third of the cluster. Unlike the traditional fault-tolerant clock synchronization approaches, the proposed technique does not introduce collisions between synchronization messages, nor does it require costly digital signatures. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Sun, K (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM ksun3@ncsu.edu; pning@ncsu.edu; cliff.wang@us.army.mil RI Wang, Yuan/C-8792-2012 NR 41 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1545-5971 J9 IEEE T DEPEND SECURE JI IEEE Trans. Dependable Secur. Comput. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 2 IS 3 BP 177 EP 189 DI 10.1109/TDSC.2005.36 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 010CZ UT WOS:000235165800001 ER PT J AU Zang, M AF Zang, M TI Band theory of single-walled carbon nanotubes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bandgaps; carbon nanotubes; curvilinear lattice; discrete bands ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GRAPHENE TUBULES; MICROTUBULES; SYMMETRY; ENERGY AB In this paper, a curvilinear coordinate system is used in space and in k-space to study the energy band of single-walled carbon nanotubes wrapped at a helical angle. Using this method, a general function of the bandgap associated with the radius of the tube and the helical angle is derived based on the tight-binding theory. The three-dimensional hexagonal Brillouin zone of the tube is on the surface of cylinder in the k-space. For two tubes with different diameters, there is a distance between the cylindrical Brillouin zones in the radial direction. The Brillouin zone varies with the radius of the tube and the number of cells on the circumference. For the metallic zigzag tubes, the bandgaps decrease discretely to zero at the corners of the Brillouin zones, and those corners are singular points of zero gaps. With the transformation of coordinates, the metallic zigzag type is proven to be equivalent to an armchair configuration. Electrical characteristics of the chiral effects are briefly highlighted. C1 Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Zang, M (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. EM ming.zang@gmail.com NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-125X J9 IEEE T NANOTECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 4 IS 4 BP 452 EP 459 DI 10.1109/TNANO.2005.851249 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 944IQ UT WOS:000230421100010 ER PT J AU Hoyos, S Sadler, BM Arce, GR AF Hoyos, S Sadler, BM Arce, GR TI Monobit digital receivers for ultrawideband communications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE digital receivers; polarity coincidence; sigma-delta modulation; stochastic reference signals; UWB communications ID PERFORMANCE AB Ultrawideband systems employ short low-power pulses. Analog receiver designs can accommodate the require bandwidths, but they come at a cost of reduced flexibility. Digital approaches, on the other hand, provide flexibility in receiver signal processing but are limited by analog-to-digital converter (ADC) resolution and power consumption. In this paper, we consider reduced complexity digital receivers, in which the ADC is limited to a single bit per sample. We study three one-bit ADC schemes: 1) fixed reference; 2) stochastic reference; and 3) sigma-delta modulation (SDM). These are compared for two types of receivers based on: 1) matched filtering; and 2) transmitted reference. Bit-error rate (BER) expressions are developed for these systems and compared to full-resolution implementations with negligible quantization error. The analysis includes the impact of quantization noise, filtering, and oversampling. In particular, for an additive white Gaussian noise channel, we show that the SDM scheme with oversampling can achieve the BER performance of a full-resolution digital receiver. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Wireless Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Hoyos, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Wireless Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM hoyos@eecs.berkeley.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil; arce@eecis.udel.edu NR 17 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1536-1276 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 4 IS 4 BP 1337 EP 1344 DI 10.1109/TWC.2005.850270 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 967UK UT WOS:000232116500011 ER PT J AU Alem, N AF Alem, N TI Application of the new ISO 2631-5 to health hazard assessment of repeated shocks in US Army vehicles SO INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE jolt; health hazard assessment; whole-body vibration; vibration dose; risk assessment code AB The U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory conducted a research program to develop a new methodology for health hazard assessment of tactical ground vehicle rides. This paper describes the new method and compares the health risk prediction using the new multiple shocks standard International Standards Organization (ISO 2631-5) to predictions by the current whole-body vibration (WBV) standard (ISO 2631-1). This article also describes the software tool developed to implement both parts of ISO 2631, as well as Army Regulation 40-10. The comparison shows the new standard to be more sensitive to cross-country terrain than other standards. Data analysis demonstrates the applicability of the new ISO 2631-5 standard to tactical ground vehicles, especially in the vertical axis. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Alem, N (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL INST INDUSTRIAL HEALTH PI KAWASAKI KANAGAWA PA 21-1 NAGAO 6-CHOME TAMA-KU, KAWASAKI KANAGAWA, 214, JAPAN SN 0019-8366 J9 IND HEALTH JI Ind. Health PD JUL PY 2005 VL 43 IS 3 BP 403 EP 412 DI 10.2486/indhealth.43.403 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 950AB UT WOS:000230828900005 PM 16100917 ER PT J AU Tannenbaum, LV AF Tannenbaum, Lawrence V. TI Two Simple Algorithms for Refining Mammalian Receptor Selection in Ecological Risk Assessments SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecological receptor; Mammal; Spatial relevance; Screening; Contaminated site AB Although guidelines exist for selecting appropriate ecological receptors for risk assessments at contaminated sites, it can be demonstrated that many of the mammals commonly evaluated are spatially irrelevant. Terrestrial risk assessments could be simplified and made more efficient, though, if mammals that are initially considered were screened for their spatial relevance. This article presents 2 simple algorithms that each demonstrate that most mammalian receptors are not spatially relevant for the overwhelming majority of hazardous waste and other contaminated sites. The algorithms use readily available and curiously overlooked spatial distribution (e.g., animal density) information and suggest that contaminated sites need to be 80 to 100 acres in size to justify the inclusion of most mammalian receptors. Given that hazardous waste sites are generally much smaller than this, many ecological risk assessments (ERA) could reasonably dispense with incorporating mammals entirely. An awareness on the part of decision makers and risk managers of the nonsuitability of many mammalian receptors evaluated in terrestrial ERAs could significantly impact the perceived need to monitor or remediate sites. This article also examines the anticipated challenges of regulators and other decision makers when entertaining the notion of a spatial relevance screen for mammals. C1 [Tannenbaum, Lawrence V.] US Army, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHB TS REH, Bldg 1675, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tannenbaum, LV (reprint author), US Army, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, MCHB TS REH, Bldg 1675, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM larry.tannenbaum@us.army.mil NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 1 IS 3 BP 290 EP 298 DI 10.1897/2004-020R.1 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA V43WQ UT WOS:000209711900009 PM 16639890 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV McFaul, SJ Januszkiewicz, A Atkins, JL AF Gorbunov, NV McFaul, SJ Januszkiewicz, A Atkins, JL TI Pro-inflammatory alterations and status of blood plasma iron in a model of blast-induced lung trauma SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPATHOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lung trauma; air shock wave; inflammation; transferrin-bound iron; electron paramagnetic resonance; biomarkers ID INJURY; TRANSFERRIN; HEMORRHAGE; MECHANISM; RESPONSES; CELLS; BLUNT AB Impact of blast shock waves (SW) with the body wall produces blast lung injuries characterized by bilateral traumatic hemorrhages. Such injuries often have no external signs, are difficult to diagnose, and therefore, are frequently underestimated. Predictive assessment of acute respiratory distress syndrome outcome in SW-related accidents should be based on experimental data from appropriate animal models. Blood plasma transferrin is a major carrier of blood iron essential for proliferative "emergency" response of hematopoietic and immune systems as well as injured tissue in major trauma. Iron-transferrin complexes ([Fe3+]TRF) can be quantitatively analyzed in blood and tissue samples with low-temperature EPR techniques. We hypothesized that use of EPR techniques in combination with assays for pro-inflammatory cytokines and granulocytes in the peripheral blood and BAL would reveal a pattern of systemic sequestration of [Fe3+]TRF that could be useful for development of biomarkers of the systemic inflammatory response to lung injury. With this goal we (i) analyzed time-dependent dynamics of [Fe3+]TRF in the peripheral blood of rats after impacts of SW generated in a laboratory shock-tube and (ii) assayed the fluctuation of granulocyte (PMN) counts and expression of CD11b adhesion molecules on the surface of PMNs during the first 24 h after SW-induced injury. Sham-treated animals were used as control. Exposure to sw led to a significant decrease in the amount of blood [Fe3+]TRF that correlated with the extent of lung injury and developed gradually during the first 24 h. Thus, sequestration of [Fe3+]TRF occurred as early as 3 h post-exposure. At that time, the steady state concentration of [Fe3+]TRF in blood samples decreased from 19.7 +/- 0.6.mu M in controls to 7.5 +/- 1.3 mu M in exposed animals. The levels of [Fe3+]TRF remained decreased thoughout the entire study period. PMN counts increased 5-fold and 3.5-fold over controls respectively, at 3 and 6 h postexposure. These effects were accompanied by an increase in expression of CD11b on the surface membrane of PMNs. Extensive release of cytokines IL-1, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-2 was observed in BAL fluid and blood plasma during 24 h postexposure. We conclude that EPR monitoring of blood [Fe3+]TRF can be a useful approach for assessment of systemic pro-inflammatory alterations due to SW-induced lung injury. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, MCR, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Gorbunov, NV (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, MCR, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 1A14, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM nikolai.gorbounov@na.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOLIFE SAS PI SILVA MARINA (TE) PA VIA S STEFANO 39 BIS, 64029 SILVA MARINA (TE), ITALY SN 0394-6320 J9 INT J IMMUNOPATH PH JI Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 18 IS 3 BP 547 EP 556 PG 10 WC Immunology; Pathology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pathology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 975IV UT WOS:000232655100015 PM 16164836 ER PT J AU Huwaldt, JA AF Huwaldt, JA TI Improved harmonic large-angle fuselage aerodynamics model SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article C1 USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Aviat Engn Directorate, Aeromech Div, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Huwaldt, JA (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Aviat Engn Directorate, Aeromech Div, Bldg 4488, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM jhuwaldt@mac.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1075 EP 1078 DI 10.2514/1.13923 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 954EB UT WOS:000231135800029 ER PT J AU Wang, YS Williamson, C Garvey, D Chang, S Cogan, J AF Wang, YS Williamson, C Garvey, D Chang, S Cogan, J TI Application of a multigrid method to a mass-consistent diagnostic wind model SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX TERRAIN; STRATIFIED FLOW; FIELD; TRANSPORT; POLLUTION AB A multigrid numerical method has been applied to a three-dimensional, high-resolution diagnostic model for flow over complex terrain using a mass-consistent approach. The theoretical background for the model is based on a variational analysis using mass conservation as a constraint. The model was designed for diagnostic wind simulation at the microscale in complex terrain and in urban areas. The numerical implementation takes advantage of a multigrid method that greatly improves the computation speed. Three preliminary test cases for the model's numerical efficiency and its accuracy are given. The model results are compared with an analytical solution for flow over a hemisphere. Flow over a bell-shaped hill is computed to demonstrate that the numerical method is applicable in the case of parameterized lee vortices. A simulation of the mean wind field in an urban domain has also been carried out and compared with observational data. The comparison indicated that the multigrid method takes only 3%-5% of the time that is required by the traditional Gauss-Seidel method. C1 USA, Res Lab, ATTN, AMSRD,ARL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, YS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, ATTN, AMSRD,ARL, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ywang@arl.army.mil NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1078 EP 1089 DI 10.1175/JAM2262.1 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 955JA UT WOS:000231221000008 ER PT J AU Wade, CE Stanford, KI Stein, TP Greenleaf, JE AF Wade, CE Stanford, KI Stein, TP Greenleaf, JE TI Intensive exercise training suppresses testosterone during bed rest SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE countermeasures; steroidogenesis; cortisol; progesterone; catecholamines ID VOLUME REGULATING HORMONES; SIMULATED WEIGHTLESSNESS; ENDOCRINE RESPONSES; RENAL-FUNCTION; SPACE-FLIGHT; SPACEFLIGHT; METABOLISM; RUNNERS; HUMANS; ENERGY AB Spaceflight and prolonged bed rest ( BR) alter plasma hormone levels inconsistently. This may be due, in part, to prescription of heavy exercise as a countermeasure for ameliorating the adverse effects of disuse. The initial project was to assess exercise programs to maintain aerobic performance and leg strength during BR. The present study evaluates the effect of BR and the performance of the prescribed exercise countermeasures on plasma steroid levels. In a 30-day BR study of male subjects, the efficacy of isotonic (ITE, n = 7) or isokinetic exercise (IKE, n = 7) training was evaluated in contrast to no exercise ( n = 5). These exercise countermeasures protected aerobic performance and leg strength successfully. BR alone (no-exercise group) did not change steroidogenesis, as assessed by the plasma concentrations of cortisol, progesterone, aldosterone, and free ( FT) and total testosterone ( TT). In the exercise groups, both FT and TT were decreased ( P < 0.05): FT during IKE from 24 +/- 1.7 to 18 +/- 2.0 pg/ml and during ITE from 21 +/- 1.5 to 18 +/- 1 pg/ml, and TT during IKE from 748 +/- 68 to 534 +/- 46 ng/dl and during ITE from 565 +/- 36 to 496 +/- 38 ng/dl. The effect of intensive exercise countermeasures on plasma testosterone was not associated with indexes of overtraining. The reduction in plasma testosterone associated with both the IKE and ITE countermeasures during BR supports our hypothesis that intensive exercise countermeasures may, in part, contribute to changes in plasma steroid concentrations during spaceflight. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NASA, Div Life Sci, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Osteopath Med, Stratford, NJ 08084 USA. RP Wade, CE (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM charles.wade@amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 99 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00332.2004 PG 5 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 943WM UT WOS:000230385800009 PM 15705732 ER PT J AU Poovey, AG Getsinger, KD Stewart, AB AF Poovey, AG Getsinger, KD Stewart, AB TI Comparative response of two hydrilla strains to fluridone SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Hydrella verticillata; submersed aquatic vegetation; bleaching herbicide; chemical control; beta-carotene; herbicide resistance ID POLYMORPHIC DNA ANALYSIS; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL; PHENETIC RELATIONSHIPS; PHYTOENE DESATURASE; VERTICILLATA; NORFLURAZON; INHIBITION; ACCESSIONS; EVOLUTION AB Experiments were conducted in a controlled-environmental growth chamber to evaluate the response of two strains of the invasive submersed plant Hydrilla verticillata (L.) Royle to fluridone (1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]4(1H)-pyridinone). To assess plant injury, shoots were potted and placed in 10-L aquaria, grown to pre-canopy condition, then dosed with 0, 0.5, 5, 50, 500, and 5000 mu g L-1 active ingredient (ai) fluridone for a 91-d exposure period. Apical tissues were analyzed for beta-carotene pigment concentrations at intervals during the herbicide exposure period. The I-50 based on beta-carotene concentrations, was 17.9 mu g ai L-1 for Strain B and 3.68 mu g ai L-1 for Strain A after 7 days. After 30 days, the I-50 for Strain B was 47.8 mu g ai L-1 and 3.14 mu g ai L-1 for Strain A. For a plant biomass study, hydrilla shoots from Strains A and B were potted and placed in 52-L aquaria, grown to pre-canopy condition, then dosed with 0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, 50, 500, and 5000 mu g ai L-1 fluridone for a 90-d exposure time. The GR(50) for shoot biomass was 37.6 mu g ai L-1 for Strain B and 5.78 mu g ai L-1 for Strain A. Root biomass was negatively affected by fluridone concentrations, but not by strain. Based on these results, Strain B of hydrilla exhibited symptoms of fluridone resistance. With fluridone resistant hydrilla present in 20 Florida lakes, development of new chemistries with different modes-of-action is needed to establish a management program. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Comp Sci Corp, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Poovey, AG (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Angela.G.Poovey@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 43 BP 85 EP 90 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 993KQ UT WOS:000233953400005 ER PT J AU Glomski, LAM Skogerboe, JG Getsinger, KD AF Glomski, LAM Skogerboe, JG Getsinger, KD TI Comparative efficacy of diquat for control of two members of the hydrocharitaceae: Elodea and hydrilla SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article C1 Purdue Univ, USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Lewisville Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Glomski, LAM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Lewisville Ecosyst Res Facil, 201 E Jones St, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. EM glomskl@wes.army.mil NR 13 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 43 BP 103 EP 105 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 993KQ UT WOS:000233953400009 ER PT J AU Reinhard, KJ Danielson, DR AF Reinhard, KJ Danielson, DR TI Pervasiveness of phytoliths in prehistoric southwestern diet and implications for regional and temporal trends for dental microwear SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE subsistence; pathology; ancestral pueblo; archaic; southwest; coprolite ID ENAMEL SURFACE; INFORMATION AB Our previous analysis of phytolith content of coprolites showed that calcium oxalate phytoliths from desert food plants caused dental microwear among prehistoric Texas hunter-gatherers. We demonstrated that phytoliths from desert succulents were ubiquitous and abundant in hunter-gatherer coprolites. We found that calcium oxalate phytoliths were harder than human dental enamel. We concluded that phytoliths from desert succulent plants caused dental microwear and hypothesized that such dental microwear would be common in other desert hunter-gatherer and horticultural peoples. Presented here are further analyses of phytoliths from coprolites. Two additional hunter-gatherer sites and three Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) horticultural sites are included in this study. Calcium oxalate phytoliths are ubiquitous in coprolites from hunter-gatherer sites in the Mojave Desert and the Colorado Plateau. For the three Ancestral Pueblo sites, calcium oxalate phytoliths from desert succulents (agave family and cactus family) are the most common types of phytoliths encountered. However, silica phytoliths are also present in Ancestral Pueblo coprolites. The data demonstrate that phytoliths from non-cultivated desert plants were a source of dental microwear for the premaize Archaic hunter-gatherer bands and maize-reliant Ancestral Pueblo villages. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Care Of Holland Dr Tom, USA, Cent ID Lab, Hickam AFB, HI 96858 USA. RP Reinhard, KJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resource Sci, 309 Biochem Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM kreinhard1@unl.edu; danielsol@cilhi.army.mil NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0305-4403 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 32 IS 7 BP 981 EP 988 DI 10.1016/j.jas.2005.01.014 PG 8 WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology GA 936UC UT WOS:000229879900002 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Freedman, BA Lehman, RA Shawen, SB Kuklo, TR Murphey, MD AF Potter, BK Freedman, BA Lehman, RA Shawen, SB Kuklo, TR Murphey, MD TI Solitary epiphyseal enchondromas SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID CARTILAGE TUMORS; CHONDROSARCOMA; BONE; OSTEOSARCOMA; FEATURES; LESIONS; BENIGN; OSTEOMYELITIS; CHILDREN AB Background: Enchondromas originating in the epiphyses of long bones are rare. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence as well as the radiographic and clinical characteristics of,epiphyseal enchondromas among patients who had been referred to the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 761 patients who had been referred to our two institutions over an approximately fifty-five-year period and who received a final diagnosis of enchondroma. All lesions had been biopsied, and the pathological diagnosis had been confirmed. Lesions of the hands, feet, or axial skeleton (253 patients) as well as lesions that appeared to originate in the metaphysis or diaphysis (475 patients) were excluded. Only enchondromas of the long bones that originated in the epiphysis were analyzed. The study group included thirty-three patients (twenty male patients and thirteen female patients) with a mean age of 26.7 years, including eleven patients with open physes. We performed additional descriptive analyses with regard to patient age, gender, lesion location, clinical presentation, and treatment as well as an extensive radiographic analysis. Results: The most common locations were the proximal part of the humerus (ten lesions; 30%) and the distal part of the femur (six lesions; 18%). The most common presenting symptom was pain (twenty-three patients). Radiographic analysis demonstrated extensive matrix mineralization in association with twenty-three lesions. Twenty-eight of the thirty-three lesions were geographically well defined; of these, twenty-one had sclerotic borders, and seven did not. Although all lesions were centered and were predominantly located within the epiphysis, twenty of the thirty-three lesions demonstrated radiographic evidence of metaphyseal extension, including four of the eleven lesions in patients with open physes. Twenty-four lesions extended into the subchondral bone. The mean size of the thirty-three enchondromas in greatest radiographic dimension was 2.7 cm (range, 1.1 to 4.9 cm). Twenty-six of the thirty-three lesions were amenable to surgical treatment with curettage with or without bone-grafting, with only one recurrence. With the limited follow-up available, no lesion underwent sarcomatous degeneration. Conclusions: Epiphyseal enchondromas are rare lesions. Although their biologic behavior appears to mirror that of conventional metaphyseal enchondromas, their proximity to the joint space may lead to more frequent painful symptoms, a propensity for physeal involvement, and the need for earlier definitive surgical intervention. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Potter, BK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW,Bldg 2,Clin 5A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM benjamin.potter@na.amedd.army.mil OI Potter, MD, Benjamin K./0000-0002-8771-0317 NR 38 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 87A IS 7 BP 1551 EP 1560 DI 10.2106/JBJS.D.02404 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 941XT UT WOS:000230248200018 PM 15995123 ER PT J AU Cancio, LC Jimenez-Reyna, JF Barillo, DJ Walker, SC McManus, AT Vaughan, GM AF Cancio, LC Jimenez-Reyna, JF Barillo, DJ Walker, SC McManus, AT Vaughan, GM TI One hundred ninety-five cases of high-voltage electric injury SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID BURNS AB High-voltage electric injury (HVEI) is associated with a high incidence of extremity compartment syndrome and of major amputation. The purpose of this study was to review our experience with HVEI and to attempt to develop predictors of the need for fasciotomy and amputation in patients with HVEI The records of the 195 patients with HVEI who were admitted to a single burn center during a 19-year period were reviewed. Evidence for muscle necrosis, to include myoglobinuria and elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, was noted. A total 187 patients (95.9%) survived to hospital discharge. A total of 56 underwent fasciotomy within 24 h of injury; 80 patients underwent an amputation during the hospitalization. Fasciotomy was predicted by presence of myoglobinuria with an overall accuracy of 72.8%. Amputation was predicted by a logistic model incorporating myoglobinuria, undergoing a previous fasciotomy, and age, with an overall accuracy of 73.3%. HVEI was associated with high amputation risk and a low rate of mortality in patients admitted to our burn center. Patients with gross myoglobinuria are at higher risk of requiring fasciotomy and/or amputation. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0273-8481 J9 J BURN CARE REHABIL JI J. Burn Care Rehabil. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 26 IS 4 BP 331 EP 340 DI 10.1097/01.BCR.000169893.25351.A9 PG 10 WC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery GA 944XY UT WOS:000230465700005 PM 16006840 ER PT J AU Kauvar, DS Acheson, E Reeder, J Roll, K Baer, DG AF Kauvar, DS Acheson, E Reeder, J Roll, K Baer, DG TI Comparison of battlefield-expedient topical antimicrobial agents for the prevention of burn wound sepsis in a rat model SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID WAR WOUNDS; MAFENIDE ACETATE; EXPERIENCE; ARMY AB Topical antimicrobial therapy has the potential to limit the mortality and morbidity of contaminated battlefield injuries. Many agents available are ill-suited for use on the battlefield; however, mafenide acetate solution (MAS) has known efficacy as a burn dressing adjunct, and previous work with mafenide as a direct chemotherapeutic has shown promise. A total of 71 male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a 20% TBSA full-thickness scald. Wounds were inoculated with a solution containing I X 106 colony-forming units per milliliter of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1244 (ATCC 27317). Treatments with 10% mafenide acetate cream (MAC), 5% MAS, 5% mafenide hydrochloride solution (MHS), and 4% chlorhexidine gluconate solution (CHG) were established. Agents were applied directly to the wound daily for 10 days. Animals were monitored for 21 days and euthanized if they manifested a moribund state as a result of sepsis. Survival to study completion in the negative control group (no treatment) was 25% (3/12). Survival in the positive control group (MAC) was 100%. None of the test agent groups demonstrated significant survival over the untreated controls; MAS resulted in 5/12 (42%) survival (P =.67), CHG in 4/12 (33%) survival (P = 1.0), and MHS resulted in 2/12 (17%) survival (P = 1.0). There were no significant differences in group weights on day 1. By day 6, all test agent groups were significantly underweight compared with the MAC group. This trend resolved as underweight animals died. We did not demonstrate significant prevention of wound sepsis with these agents as we used them. These techniques should not be substituted for established burn care. Aqueous direct topical antimicrobial agents have logistical advantages over creams and dressing soaks for field use, and the search for a battlefield-expedient agent for use at or near the point of wounding should continue. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kauvar, DS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0273-8481 J9 J BURN CARE REHABIL JI J. Burn Care Rehabil. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 26 IS 4 BP 357 EP 361 DI 10.1097/01.BCR.0000170276.33207.B4 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Rehabilitation; Surgery GA 944XY UT WOS:000230465700010 PM 16006845 ER PT J AU Lewis, P Forsythe, GB Sweeney, P Bartone, P Bullis, C Snook, S AF Lewis, P Forsythe, GB Sweeney, P Bartone, P Bullis, C Snook, S TI Identity development during the college years: Findings from the west point longitudinal study SO JOURNAL OF COLLEGE STUDENT DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article AB Using R. Kegan (1982, 1994) theory of identity development, it was discovered that most military cadets enter college with relatively simple ways Of making meaning, and for many the college years are a time of significant developmental change. For most, the key developmental issue is not self-authorship but establishing shared meaning. C1 Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Natl Def Univ, Ind Coll Armed Forces, Washington, DC 20319 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Business, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lewis, P (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM lewispm@auburn.edu OI Bartone, Paul/0000-0002-5767-0086 NR 24 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 0897-5264 J9 J COLL STUDENT DEV JI J. Coll. Stud. Dev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 46 IS 4 BP 357 EP 373 DI 10.1353/csd.2005.0037 PG 17 WC Education & Educational Research; Psychology, Applied SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology GA 949GH UT WOS:000230772600002 ER PT J AU Sheth, R Barner, KE Schumeyer, RP Arce, GR AF Sheth, R Barner, KE Schumeyer, RP Arce, GR TI Region of interest identification in collimated x-ray images utilizing nonlinear preprocessing and the Radon transform SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING LA English DT Article ID GRADIENT VECTOR FLOW; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; SNAKES AB The identification of the region of interest (ROI) in collimated x-ray images remains an important, open problem. The x-ray scattering present in all practical cases complicates the identification of a clearly defined ROI. Such scattering degrades image quality by producing a blurring of the boundaries delineating the ROI as well as corrupting the underlying gray-scale histogram. The construction of a proper identification scheme to locate the ROI in x-ray images will result in x-rays with improved visual clarity. A robust two-stage method of nonlinear preprocessing in the spatial domain to enhance the ROI boundary followed by extraction in the projection domain is proposed as an efficient means of ROI identification. The method proves effective for a wide variety of x-ray images taken with varying dosages. The results of simulations run in comparison with commonly used snake-based methods, which attempt to identify arbitrary ROIs using force on control points, show the proposed method yields better success rates in high- and low-SNR cases. (c) 2005 SPIE and IS&T. C1 MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02173 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sheth, R (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02173 USA. EM barner@ece.udel.edu NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I S & T - SOC IMAGING SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY PI SPRINGFIELD PA 7003 KILWORTH LANE, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22151 USA SN 1017-9909 J9 J ELECTRON IMAGING JI J. Electron. Imaging PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 AR 033011 DI 10.1117/1.2005042 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 983HR UT WOS:000233222600011 ER PT J AU Aleksov, A Wolter, SD Prater, JT Sitar, Z AF Aleksov, A Wolter, SD Prater, JT Sitar, Z TI Fabrication and thermal evaluation of silicon on diamond wafers SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE diamond; silicon; silicon on insulator (SOI); thermal ID BIAS-ENHANCED NUCLEATION; HIGHLY ORIENTED DIAMOND; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEVICES AB Silicon on diamond (SOD) is proposed as a superior alternative to conventional silicon on insulator (SOI) technology for silicon-based electronics. In this paper, we present a novel SOD structure in which the active Si layer is in direct contact with a thick, highly oriented diamond (HOD) layer that is directly attached to a heat sink. In contrast to the earlier work,(1,2) the diamond film is relatively thick (similar to 70 mu m), free standing, and close to single crystalline, thus possessing much greater thermal conductivity and no limitation of the Si backing wafer. Two different fabrication schemes are investigated: (1) direct growth, where the Si-device layer makes contact with the nucleation side of the diamond layer; and (2) wafer fusion, where the Si device layer makes a direct contact with the diamond growth surface. Thermal evaluation was performed using metallic microheaters. These studies clearly showed more than one order of magnitude better thermal management properties of diamond with respect to Si and SOI. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Aleksov, A (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM aaleksov@ncsu.edu NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1089 EP 1094 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0100-y PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 945JV UT WOS:000230499700017 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, T Simon, DL AF Kobayashi, T Simon, DL TI Evaluation of an enhanced bank of Kalman filters for in-flight aircraft engine sensor fault diagnostics SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 13-17, 2004 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA AB In this paper an approach for in-flight fault detection and isolation (FDI) of aircraft engine sensors based on a bank of Kalman filters is developed. This approach utilizes multiple Kalman filters, each of which is designed based on a specific fault hypothesis. When the propulsion system experiences a fault, only one Kalman filter with the correct hypothesis is able to maintain the nominal estimation performance. Based on this knowledge, the isolation of faults is achieved. Since the propulsion system may experience component and actuator faults as well, a sensor FDI system must be robust in terms of avoiding misclassifications of any anomalies. The proposed approach utilizes a bank of (m+1) Kalman filters where m is the number of sensors being monitored. One Kalman filter is used for the detection of component and actuator faults while each of the other m filters detects a fault in a specific sensor With this setup, the overall robustness of the sensor FDI system to anomalies is enhanced. Moreover numerous component fault events can be accounted for by the FDI system. The sensor FDI system is applied to a nonlinear simulation of a commercial aircraft gas turbine engine, and its performance is evaluated at multiple power settings at a cruise operating point using various fault scenarios. C1 QSS Grp Inc, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Res Lab, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Kobayashi, T (reprint author), QSS Grp Inc, 21000 Brookpk Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 9 TC 24 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 11 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2005 VL 127 IS 3 BP 497 EP 504 DI 10.1115/1.1850505 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 948HG UT WOS:000230706100007 ER PT J AU Delgado, IR Halford, GR Steinetz, BM Rimnac, CM AF Delgado, IR Halford, GR Steinetz, BM Rimnac, CM TI Strain-life assessment of grainex Mar-M 247 for NASA's turbine seal test facility SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 13-17, 2004 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA AB NASA's turbine seal facility tests air-to-air seals for advanced jet engines. High temperature, speed, and pressure combinations limit test disk life, due to crack initiation in the Grainex Mar-M 247 disk bolt holes. An inspection interval is determined to ensure safe operation. Fatigue strain-life data is presented for test specimens from a test disk. Strain-life models (Manson-Hirschberg method of universal slopes, Halford-Nachtigall mean stress method, and modified Morrow method) were compared to experiment. Using experimental data at -99.95% prediction levels, accounting for six bolt holes at 0.5% total strain and 649 degrees C, the test disk should be inspected after 665 cycles. C1 NASA, Vehicle Technol Directorate, USA, Res Lab,Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Delgado, IR (reprint author), NASA, Vehicle Technol Directorate, USA, Res Lab,Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2005 VL 127 IS 3 BP 615 EP 620 DI 10.1115/1.1852563 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 948HG UT WOS:000230706100021 ER PT J AU Peters, JF AF Peters, JF TI Some fundamental aspects of the continuumization problem in granular media SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE continuum mechanics; granular media; homogenization; stress ID ASSEMBLIES; STRESS; PLASTICITY; STRAIN AB The central problem of devising mathematical models of granular materials is how to define a granular medium as a continuum. This paper outlines the elements of a theory that could be incorporated in discrete models such as the Discrete-Element Method, without recourse to a continuum description. It is shown that familiar concepts from continuum mechanics such as stress and strain can be defined for interacting discrete quantities. Established concepts for constitutive equations can likewise be applied to discrete quantities. The key problem is how to define the constitutive response in terms of truncated strain measures that are a practical necessity for analysis of large granular systems. C1 USA, Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Peters, JF (reprint author), USA, Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0833 J9 J ENG MATH JI J. Eng. Math. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 52 IS 1-3 BP 231 EP 250 DI 10.1007/s10665-004-2117-2 PG 20 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 946GC UT WOS:000230559400013 ER PT J AU Chauhan, KR Klun, JA Debboun, M Kramer, M AF Chauhan, KR Klun, JA Debboun, M Kramer, M TI Feeding deterrent effects of catnip oil components compared with two synthetic amides against Aedes aegypti SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nepetalactone; repellents; yellowfever mosquito; deet ID MOSQUITO REPELLENTS; INSECT REPELLENTS; NEPETA-CATARIA; EFFICACY; DEET AB Recently, catnip, Nepeta cataria L. (Lamiaceae), essential oil has been formulated and marketed as an alternative repellent for protection against biting arthropods by several vendors. We isolated the major active components of catnip oil, E,Z- and Z,E-nepetalactone, and quantitatively measured their antibiting efficacy compared with the repellents N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) and chiral (1S,2'S)-2-metbylpiperidinyl-3-cyclobexene-1-carboxamide (SS220) against the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (L.), by using an in vitro assay and human volunteers at 24 nmol compound/cm(2) (cloth or skin). Of all compounds tested in an in vitro assay, SS220 ranked as the most effective, whereas catnip oil and the nepetalactone compounds did not differ significantly from each other or from deet. However, in human volunteer bioassays, neither E,Z and Z,E-nepetalactone nor racemic nepetalactone deterred mosquito biting as effectively as SS220 or deet. All compounds differed significantly from the control. We conclude that catnip oil and nepetalactone isomers are significantly less effective than deet or SS220 in deterring the biting of Ae. aegypti. C1 USDA ARS, BA, PSI, Chem Affect Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USA, Med Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med S, Ft McPherson, CA 30330 USA. USDA ARS, BA, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chauhan, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, BA, PSI, Chem Affect Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 8 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 42 IS 4 BP 643 EP 646 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2005)042[0643:FDEOCO]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 944DR UT WOS:000230406400018 PM 16119554 ER PT J AU Morrow, JH AF Morrow, JH TI Hitler's last chief of foreign intelligence: Allied interrogations of Walter Schellenberg. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Morrow, JH (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 69 IS 3 BP 881 EP 881 DI 10.1353/jmh.2005.0176 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 943RU UT WOS:000230372800048 ER PT J AU Andrade, D AF Andrade, D TI Vietnam chronicles: The Abrams Tapes, 1968-1972. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC USA. RP Andrade, D (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 69 IS 3 BP 891 EP 894 DI 10.1353/jmh.2005.0141 PG 4 WC History SC History GA 943RU UT WOS:000230372800056 ER PT J AU Stein, TP Wade, CE AF Stein, TP Wade, CE TI Metabolic consequences of muscle disuse atrophy SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Clinical-Nutrition CY APR 12-13, 2003 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Soc Clin Nutr DE muscle atrophy; liver; space flight; microarrays; gluconeogenesis ID RAT SOLEUS MUSCLE; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PROLONGED BED REST; HINDLIMB SUSPENSION; PROTEIN-TURNOVER; SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY; CARBOHYDRATE-METABOLISM; SUBSTRATE METABOLISM; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; BODY-COMPOSITION AB In response to decreased usage, skeletal muscle undergoes an adaptive reductive remodeling. This adaptive response has been found with disuse during human spaceflight, rat spaceflight, rat hind-limb unloading, bed rest, and aging. The reductive remodeling of skeletal muscle with disuse is largely independent of the reason for the disuse. The process involves more than a transition from slow to fast myosin fiber types. There are associated metabolic changes including a fuel shift toward glycolysis, decreased capacity for fat oxidation, and energy substrate accumulation in the atrophied muscles. Glycolysis is very effective for high-intensity short-duration acute activities, but if sustained output is needed, an energy profile where fat use is favored rather than compromised is desirable. For astronauts, there is a need to maintain as much functional capacity as possible during spaceflight for extravehicular activities. The shift toward increased activity of the glycolytic enzymes in atrophied muscle is accommodated by an increase in gluconeogenic capacity in the liver. C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Osteopath Med, Dept Surg, Stratford, NJ 08084 USA. US Army Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Stein, TP (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Osteopath Med, Dept Surg, Stratford, NJ 08084 USA. EM tpstein@umdnj.edu NR 87 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 135 IS 7 BP 1824S EP 1828S PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 943DE UT WOS:000230331500038 PM 15987873 ER PT J AU Tucker, JS Sinclair, RR Thomas, JL AF Tucker, Jennifer S. Sinclair, Robert R. Thomas, Jeffrey L. TI The multilevel effects of occupational stressors on soldiers' well-being, organizational attachment, and readiness SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE work stress; multilevel research; military psychology; group-level effects; social identity theory ID JOB STRESSORS; SUBSTANCE USE; OUTCOMES; HEALTH; PERFORMANCE; ATTITUDES; CONSENSUS; EFFICACY; BEHAVIOR; CONTEXT AB The U.S. Army typifies the stressful nature of many contemporary work settings, as soldiers face a climate of increasing work demands coupled with declining resources. The authors used social identity theory to propose hypotheses regarding contextual and cross-level effects of shared stressors on individual outcomes critical to the functioning of military units (well-being, attachment, readiness). Although the authors found weak support for direct effects of shared stressors on individual outcomes, they found several compelling moderating effects for shared stressors on person-level stressor-outcome relationships. For most effects, shared stressors intensified the effects of person-level stressors on morale, commitment, and depression. However, some shared stressors exerted counterintuitive effects on stressor-outcome relationships. Implications for research and military personnel management are discussed. C1 Portland State Univ, Dept Psychol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Tucker, JS (reprint author), USA, Res Inst, Infantory Forces Res Inst, POB 52086, Ft Benning, GA 31995 USA. EM Jennifer.S.Tucker@us.army.mil RI Dopko, Rae/J-7437-2015 NR 79 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1076-8998 J9 J OCCUP HEALTH PSYCH JI J. Occup. Health Psychol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 10 IS 3 BP 276 EP 299 DI 10.1037/1076-8998.10.3.276 PG 24 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Applied SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology GA 098PU UT WOS:000241536100008 PM 16060730 ER PT J AU Boissonnault, W Bryan, JM AF Boissonnault, W Bryan, JM TI Thrust joint manipulation clinical education opportunities for professional degree physical therapy students SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE joint mobilization; manipulation; manual therapy; physical therapy education ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; GENERAL-PRACTITIONER; SPINAL MANIPULATION; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MANUAL THERAPY; PROGRAMS; EXERCISE AB Study Design: Descriptive survey. Objective: Describe the availability of thrust joint manipulation clinical educational opportunities for physical therapy professional degree students. Background: In the United States, most of the faculty teaching manual therapy content in physical therapy programs believe that the best way for their students to develop thrust joint manipulation skills is to receive additional training during clinical education experiences. There are no data that describe the availability of such training opportunities. Methods and Measures: Seventy-three physical therapy programs that include thrust joint manipulation in their curricula were divided into 5 geographic regions. Of these programs, 27% (total, n = 20) were randomly selected per region to participate. Program academic coordinators of clinical education (ACCEs) identified their clinical instructors working in outpatient orthopaedic settings. ACCEs and clinical instructors were surveyed regarding thrust joint manipulation clinical education opportunities for students. Results: Survey return rates were 100% for ACCEs and 67.4% for clinical instructors. Of ACCEs, 70% were unsure which sites employed clinical instructors trained in thrust joint manipulation and 85% did not consider whether thrust joint manipulation training was provided when scheduling the experience. The ACCEs who did consider availability cited lack of qualified instructors as the number-one barrier to finding sites that offered thrust joint manipulation. Of clinical instructors, 30% provide thrust joint manipulation training including lecture/theory, technique demonstration, practice on "normals," and direct patient care supervision. Clinical instructors who did not teach thrust joint manipulation cited reasons that included the belief that it is not an entry-level skill (57%), lack of qualified staff (53%), liability concerns (46%), and students not being academically prepared (41%). Conclusions: Results suggest that the availability and scope of thrust joint manipulation clinical educational opportunities are limited, vary considerably, and are not considered when selecting clinical education sites for students. Potential obstacles to offering thrust joint manipulation training were identified, which suggested the need for resources, including clinical education curricula and philosophical guidelines for clinical instructors. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Program Phys Therapy, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Boissonnault, W (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Program Phys Therapy, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 1300 Univ Ave,MSC Bldg,Room 5190, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM boiss@surgery.wisc.edu NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 8 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 35 IS 7 BP 416 EP 423 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 944EW UT WOS:000230410100003 PM 16108582 ER PT J AU Welch, RW Ressler, SJ Estes, AC AF Welch, RW Ressler, SJ Estes, AC TI A model for instructional design SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article AB This is the sixth in a series of articles covering ideas and techniques that are included in the ASCE ExCEEd (Excellence in Civil Engineering Education) Teaching Workshops. The writers of the series are faculty members who have been involved with the development and implementation of Project ExCEEd since its inception in 1999. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Welch, RW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Ronald.Welch@usma.edu; Stephen.Ressler@usma.edu; Allen.Estes@usma.edu NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 131 IS 3 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2005)131:3(167) PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 940DQ UT WOS:000230124300002 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, T Simon, DL AF Kobayashi, T Simon, DL TI Hybrid neural-network genetic-algorithm technique for aircraft engine performance diagnostics SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 37th Joint Propulsion Conference CY JUL 08-11, 2001 CL Salt Lake City, UT SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, SAE, ASEE ID GAS-PATH-ANALYSIS AB In this paper, a model-based diagnostic method, which utilizes neural networks and genetic algorithms, is investigated. Neural networks are applied to estimate the engine internal health, and genetic algorithms are applied for sensor bias detection and estimation. This hybrid approach takes advantage of the nonlinear estimation capability provided by neural networks while improving the robustness to measurement uncertainty through the application of genetic algorithms. The hybrid diagnostic technique also has the ability to rank multiple potential solutions for a given set of anomalous sensor measurements in order to reduce false alarms and missed detections. The performance of the hybrid diagnostic technique is evaluated through some case studies derived from a turbofan engine simulation. The results show that this approach is promising for reliable diagnostics of aircraft gas turbine engines. C1 QSS Grp Inc, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Kobayashi, T (reprint author), QSS Grp Inc, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 21 IS 4 BP 751 EP 758 DI 10.2514/1.9881 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 945YV UT WOS:000230539800021 ER PT J AU Kenny, PR Finger, DR AF Kenny, PR Finger, DR TI Falsely elevated cardiac troponin-I in patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rheumatoid factor; rheumatoid arthritis; troponin I; false positive reactions ID ANTIBODIES; ASSAYS; AXSYM AB Objective. To determine if patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have abnormally elevated concentrations of cardiac troponin-I (cTnI). Reports suggest the presence of serum rheumatoid factor (RF) may interfere with the cTnI assay, leading to falsely elevated cTnI levels. One study reported a falsely elevated cTnI in 15 out of 100 serum samples with elevated RF using the Abbott assay, but no elevated level using the Bayer assay. It is unclear how many of these samples came from patients with RA. Methods. Serum samples were drawn from 60 patients with seropositive RA. We measured RF and cTnI levels using both the Abbott AxSYM assay and the Bayer ADVIA Centaur assay. Results. Of 60 RA patients with RF ranging from 15 to 2724 IU/ml, none was found to have an elevated cTnI on either assay. Conclusion. Using 2 commercial assays for cTnI, we found that patients with seropositive RA do not have falsely elevated serum cTnI levels. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Finger, DR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Dept Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM david.finger@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1258 EP 1260 PG 3 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 945WA UT WOS:000230532000016 PM 15996061 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TL Schoehn, G Weissenhorn, W Hermone, AR Burnett, JC Panchal, RG McGrath, C Zaharevitz, DW Aman, MJ Gussio, R Bavari, S AF Nguyen, TL Schoehn, G Weissenhorn, W Hermone, AR Burnett, JC Panchal, RG McGrath, C Zaharevitz, DW Aman, MJ Gussio, R Bavari, S TI An all-atom model of the pore-like structure of hexameric VP40 from Ebola: Structural insights into the monomer-hexamer transition SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oligomerization; pore-like structure; molecular modeling; conformational changed; beta-sandwich; electron microscopy ID MATRIX PROTEIN VP40; BINDING PROPERTIES; VIRUS; OLIGOMERIZATION; TRAFFICKING; ASSOCIATION; MARBURG; TSG101 AB The matrix protein VP40 is an indispensable component of viral assembly and budding by the Ebola virus, VP40 is a monomer in Solution, but can fold into hexameric and octameric states. two oligomeric conformations that play central roles in the Ebola viral life cycle. While the X-ray structures of monomeric and octameric VP40 have been determined, the structure of hexameric VP40 has only been solved by three-dimensional electron microscopy (EM) to a resolution of' similar to 30 angstrom. In this paper. we present the refinement of the EM reconstruction of truncated hexameric VP40 to similar to 20 angstrom and the Construction of an all-atom model (residues 44 212) using the EM model at similar to 20 angstrom and the X-ray structure of monomeric VP40 as templates. The hexamer model suggests that the monomer hexamer transition involves a conformational change in the N-terminal domain that is not evident during octamerization and therefore. may provide the basis for elucidating the biological function of VP40. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 NCI, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Dev Therapeut Program, SAIC, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Inst Biol Struct, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Virol Mol & Struct, F-38042 Grenoble, France. European Mol Biol Lab, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Clin Res Management Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Gussio, R (reprint author), NCI, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Dev Therapeut Program, SAIC, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM Gussio@neiferf.gov; Sina.Bavari@amedd.army.mil FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-12400] NR 25 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1047-8477 J9 J STRUCT BIOL JI J. Struct. Biol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 151 IS 1 BP 30 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jsb.2005.02.013 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 944FL UT WOS:000230411800004 PM 15908231 ER PT J AU Anderson, AB Shoop, SA AF Anderson, AB Shoop, SA TI Joint ASA (American Society for Agronomy) and ISTVS Symposium on the Impacts of Military Vehicle Traffic, November 2003 SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, ERDC, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, ERDC, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Anderson, AB (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, ERDC, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM alan.b.anderson@erdc.usace.army.mil; sally.a.shoop@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 141 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2005.01.002 PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900001 ER PT J AU Anderson, AB Palazzo, AJ Ayers, PD Fehmi, JS Shoop, S Sullivan, P AF Anderson, AB Palazzo, AJ Ayers, PD Fehmi, JS Shoop, S Sullivan, P TI Assessing the impacts of military vehicle traffic on natural areas. Introduction to the special issue and review of the relevant military vehicle impact literature SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE vehicle impacts; off road; soil; vegetation; mobility analysis; trafficability ID CANYON MANEUVER SITE; OFF-ROAD VEHICLES; TRACKED VEHICLES; MOJAVE DESERT; TRAINING LANDS; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; TROPICAL SAVANNA; ALLOWABLE USE; FORT-HOOD; SOIL AB The American Society of Agronomy A-2 Division, Military Land Use and Management, and the International Society for Terrain-Vehicle Systems cosponsored a symposium titled "Assessing the Impacts of Military Vehicle Traffic on Natural Areas". The symposium was held in Denver, CO on 4 November 2003. The objectives of this symposium were to characterize the types of environmental impacts associated with off-road vehicle use at varying spatial scales, to characterize common study approaches used to quantify vehicle impacts, and to identify knowledge gaps that limit the use of study results in decision-making. A series of papers originating from the symposium characterize the range of impact studies frequently conducted on military installations and the application of study results to typical land management, decision-making processes. This paper summarizes the relationships between these studies, integrates the studies into a larger impact analysis framework, and identifies knowledge gaps that limit application of study results in decision-making processes. (c) 2005 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, ERDC, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, ERDC, Hanover, NH USA. Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. USA, ERDC, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Anderson, AB (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, ERDC, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM alan.b.anderson@erdc.usace.army.mil OI Fehmi, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0618-9740 NR 109 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 143 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2005.01.001 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900002 ER PT J AU Palazzo, AJ Jensen, KB Waldron, BL Cary, TJ AF Palazzo, AJ Jensen, KB Waldron, BL Cary, TJ TI Effects of tank tracking on range grasses SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE revegetation; tank traffic; native range grasses; land rehabilitation ID REGISTRATION AB The Department of Defense (DoD) must constantly balance its military mission and its commitment to stewardship on large tracks of federal land. These military training lands are some of the most intensely used land in the United States, and training requires that vegetation, primarily grasses, be as resilient as possible. The objectives of this study were to evaluate (i) plant establishment and (ii) the effect of light to heavy tank traffic that ranged from zero to four passes on range grasses at the Yakima Training Center, Yakima, Washington. Characteristics measured include the number of 10-cm gaps without plant materials in seeded rows of the target (sown) species, the biomass of the target species, and the percentages of bluegrass colonization, bare ground, and cheatgrass encroachment in tracked and untracked areas. Both stand establishment and the ability to produce rhizomes are associated with the ability to recover after training. The wildryes did not establish well and subsequently had more 10-cm gaps and lower yields than the other introduced species tested. Among the natives, Snake River wheatgrass and western wheatgrass exhibited the most resilience across the different tracking intensities. The largest decline in percentage target species was observed between the two- and four-pass treatments. After five years, cheatgrass was not able to encroach on Snake River wheatgrass, Siberian wheatgrass, and bluebunch wheatgrass plots: Tracking generally reduced the stand of the target species and increased the amount of bare ground. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of ISTVS. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Palazzo, AJ (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM antonio.j.palazzo@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 17 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 177 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.005 PG 15 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900004 ER PT J AU Anderson, AB Wang, GX Fang, SF Gertner, GZ Guneralp, B Jones, D AF Anderson, AB Wang, GX Fang, SF Gertner, GZ Guneralp, B Jones, D TI Assessing and predicting changes in vegetation cover associated with military land use activities using field monitoring data at Fort Hood, Texas SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE vehicle impacts; vegetation impacts; inventory and monitoring; land condition trend analysis ID SOIL LOSS EQUATION; CANYON MANEUVER SITE; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; GEOSTATISTICAL METHODS; TOPOGRAPHICAL FACTOR; SPATIAL UNCERTAINTY; TRACKED VEHICLES; ALLOWABLE USE; IMPACTS; DISTURBANCE AB We assessed short-term impacts of changes in military training load on vegetative cover at Fort Hood, TX. From 1989 to 1995, permanent field transects were monitored for vegetative cover and land use disturbance using standard army monitoring methods [Land Condition Trend Analysis (LCTA)]. Land use intensity (training load) was quantified and used to develop a model to predict future vegetation cover values. We found that standard Army monitoring methods detected changes in installation resources associated with changes in training load. Increased training loads were associated with increased measures of disturbance, decreased ground cover, and decreased aerial vegetative cover. We found that the spatial pattern of disturbance and vegetation cover remained relatively constant over the study period despite large variations in overall training load. Our model used the consistency in spatial cover patterns over time and the strong relationship between training load and vegetation cover to predict the impact of future training loads on vegetation. (c) 2005 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, ERDC, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. AFZF PW ENV, Corps & Ft Hood 3, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. RP Anderson, AB (reprint author), USA, ERDC, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM alan.b.anderson@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 55 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 207 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.006 PG 23 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900006 ER PT J AU Frank, TD Tweddale, SA Lenschow, SJ AF Frank, TD Tweddale, SA Lenschow, SJ TI Non-destructive estimation of canopy gap fractions and shrub canopy volume of dominant shrub species in the Mojave desert SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE Mohave desert; shrub canopy volume; canopy gap fractions ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; ALBEDO; PHOTOGRAPHS; IMAGES; FOREST AB Variability of desert shrub canopy volume or above ground biomass can provide a useful metric for assessment of the response of desert shrubs to vehicular impacts, and can be used to determine the recovery and resiliency of different desert plant communities to such impacts. Traditional methods for measuring desert shrub canopy volume are inefficient and require destructive sampling. Field sampling methods that eliminate the need for destructive sampling are required to measure the vertical structure of desert shrubs for the purpose of measuring shrub volumes. Plant canopy analyzers and hemispheric photographs have been analyzed for the purpose of estimating canopy characteristics in forested and agricultural environments, but the utility of such instruments for measuring vertical structure of desert shrubs has not been fully explored. In this research, plant canopy gap fractions were estimated for 96 shrubs in the Mojave Desert using both a Li-Cor LAI 2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer and skyward looking hemispheric photographs collected with a digital camera with a fisheye lens attached. Gap fraction estimates from both estimates were comparable and no significant difference was found between estimates collected with both instruments. The LAI was identified as the preferred method for measuring gap fractions due to superior efficiency in data collection and processing. Using gap fractions recorded with the LAI, a model was developed to estimate the volume of desert shrub canopies that utilizes a combination of non-destructive, in situ measurements of plant canopy height and width and estimates of canopy area derived from remotely sensed imagery. (c) 2005 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Geog, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, ERDC, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Frank, TD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Geog, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 231 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.013 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900007 ER PT J AU Jones, R Horner, D Sullivan, P Ahlvin, R AF Jones, R Horner, D Sullivan, P Ahlvin, R TI A methodology for quantitatively assessing vehicular rutting on terrains SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE NRMM; soil deformation; vehicle rutting; missions severity rating; mission rating speed; vehicle environmental impact; vehicle-soil interaction AB This paper presents a quantitative method for assessing the environmental impact of terrain/vehicle interactions during tactical missions. Area wide mobility analyses were conducted using three standard US military tracked and wheeled vehicles over terrain regions representing both fine-grained and course-grained soils. The NATO reference mobility model, Version 2, was used to perform the on- and off-road mobility analysis. Vehicle and terrain characterizations along with different climate scenarios were used as input parameters to predict vehicle rut depth performance for the different vehicles and terrain conditions. The vehicles' performance was statistically mapped over these terrain regions for percent area traveled and the resulting rut depth created by each vehicle. A selection of tactical scenarios for each vehicle was used to determine rut depth for a range of vehicle missions. A vehicle mission severity rating method, developed at the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, was used to rate the selected missions and resulting rut depths. (c) 2005 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Corps Engineer, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RB Ahlvin Tech Serv, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Jones, R (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineer, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM randy.jones1@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 9 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 245 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.007 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900008 ER PT J AU Shoop, S Affleck, R Collins, C Larsen, G Barna, L Sullivan, P AF Shoop, S Affleck, R Collins, C Larsen, G Barna, L Sullivan, P TI Maneuver analysis methodology to predict vehicle impacts on training lands SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE seasonal; winter; spring; frost; trafficability; damage; terrain; Alaska; military training; land capability AB Tactical mobility analysis techniques were merged with land management strategies to assess potential impacts of vehicle operations on training areas for rangeland planning and management. A vehicle mobility analysis was performed for a suite of vehicle types using the NATO Reference Mobility Model (NRMM II). Input parameters include terrain information (soil type, slope, vegetation, surface roughness, soil strength), terrain surface condition based on climate (terrain strength, freeze-thaw, moisture content, snow cover), and vehicle specifications (tire, power train, weight on each axle, ground clearance, dimensions, ride). The vehicle performance was spatially mapped over the terrain for different seasons of the year and used to calculate the maneuverable acreage, which was compared to acreage needed for training requirements. This can be related to land capability based on expected training impact (Maneuver Impact Miles, MIM) and Land Condition Curves which link training density to land condition. This methodology can be used to determine the suitability of training lands and the degree of land management or rehabilitation expected. The methodology was applied to the transformation of the Alaska training lands to support a new brigade unit called the Stryker Brigade Combat Team (SBCT3), but is equally useful for other training areas and military units. For summer use, Alaska training lands are capable of supporting four times the projected training requirements. For winter, when the ground is frozen, more than 10 times the area needed was available. (c) 2005 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. CRREL Alaska Projects Off, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. APVR, RPW, EV Larsen, Directorate Publ Works, Ft Richardson, AK 99505 USA. ERDC, Geotech & Struct Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Shoop, S (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM shoop@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 32 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 281 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.012 PG 23 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900010 ER PT J AU Ayers, PD Anderson, AB Wu, CX AF Ayers, PD Anderson, AB Wu, CX TI Analysis of vehicle use patterns during field training exercises to identify potential roads SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE road formation; vehicle tracking; GPS; GIS; off-road AB In October of 2001, global positioning system (GPS) - based vehicle tracking systems (VTS) were placed on 20 vehicles involved in an 8-day field training exercise at Yakima Training Center, Washington. Based on the GPS data, an analysis of the potential for identifying new roads was conducted. Analysis of vehicle use patterns within selected 25-m grids was utilized to identify new formed or previously unidentified roads in the training area. The factors used to determine the existence of these new roads were (1) if a vehicle actually passed through the grid, (2) the number of vehicles following the same trail segment, (3) if the vehicles passed on different days, (4) if the vehicles were in different troops, and (5) if the vehicles traveled in both directions. A site visit was conducted and confirmed the existence of new roads along segments that met all five criteria levels. Military road class 4 and 5 roads were identified at sites meeting all five criteria. (c) 2005 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. USA, ERDC, CERL, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Ayers, PD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, 2506 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ayers@utk.edu NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 321 EP 338 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.008 PG 18 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900012 ER PT J AU Herl, BK Doe, WW Jones, DS AF Herl, BK Doe, WW Jones, DS TI Use of military training doctrine to predict patterns of maneuver disturbance on the landscape. I. Theory and methodology SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE military tactics; Maneuver impacts; landscape disturbance; disturbance patterns ID IMPACTS AB Modern-day military maneuvers, involving tactical formations of wheeled and tracked vehicles, can have significant physical and environmental impacts on the landscape. Numerous scientific studies of these impacts have been conducted, most notably the post-impact assessments of General Patton's tank maneuvers of the early 1940s in the Mojave Desert of California and Arizona. On a smaller scale, numerous studies of military vehicle impacts have been conducted on military training lands throughout the United States, Canada and Europe. These studies have used a variety of measurement techniques, to include ground level photography and in situ measurements, aerial photography, satellite imagery and vehicle-mounted global positioning systems (GPS) data to define the footprint, patterns and magnitude of disturbances on the landscape. These disturbances are highly variable and can occur over tens of thousands of acres. Because scientists and land managers are generally not familiar with military decision-making, tactical doctrine, and vehicle-weapons systems capabilities, it is difficult for them to predict patterns of disturbance a priori. Even during post-event impact analysis, a full understanding of why and how maneuver disturbance patterns occur may not be readily apparent to them. This limitation can preclude knowledgeable planning, design and repair of damaged lands. In this case study, military tacticians and physical scientists developed an integrated methodology to predict these disturbance patterns more explicitly. The goal of the study was to provide land managers with a tool for understanding how these patterns evolve, and in turn, allow them to better plan and design mitigation efforts to sustain the landscape. The methodology combines a military terrain analysis technique, the modified combined obstacle overlay (MCOO), with an applied military tactics filter to predict where vehicle impacts would be most likely. A terrain and tactical analysis of the landscape at the Combat Maneuver Training Center-Live Fire (CMTC-LF) Area at the US Army Grafenwohr Training Area, Germany, was conducted using maps, digital ortho-photography, spatial data and onsite reconnaissance to determine the tactical footprint and potential disturbance patterns caused by a new training mission. Part I of this study describes the background, theory and approach used to develop the methodology. Part II describes the field-based validation of the methodology, using post-maneuver ground observations and sampling to test the methodology's predictions. (c) 2005 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado State Univ, Ctr Environm Management Mil Lands, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Doe, WW (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ctr Environm Management Mil Lands, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM bdoe@cemml.colostate.edu NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 353 EP 371 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.009 PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900014 ER PT J AU Warren, SD Herl, BK AF Warren, SD Herl, BK TI Use of military training doctrine to predict patterns of maneuver disturbance on the landscape. II. Validation SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Assessing the Impact of Vehicular Traffic on Natural Areas CY NOV 04, 2003 CL Denver, CO SP Amer Soc Agron, Int Soc Terrain Vehicle Syst DE military training; landscape disturbance; maneuver disturbance ID MOJAVE DESERT; VEGETATION; SOIL; IMPACTS; TRACKS AB Landscape disturbance from military training maneuvers can cause significant on-site deterioration that may impair ecosystem functioning, reduce training realism, and jeopardize the safety of soldiers and equipment. Excessive runoff and eroded sediments from within the boundaries of training areas may also affect downstream landowners. Repair of on-site and off site damage can be very costly. Several attempts have been made to predict the spatial distribution of training-induced surface disturbance within landscapes. Techniques have used the current or historic distribution of surface disturbance to predict the future spatial distribution of disturbance. This study evaluated a new methodology to predict the spatial distribution of disturbance based on a variety of maneuver obstacles considered by military planners in the preparation of battle plans as well as applied doctrinal tactics used during cross-country maneuvers. The field validation study was conducted at Grafenwoehr Training Area, the largest US Army training area in Germany. There was a generally favorable agreement between the spatial distribution of predicted and observed high versus low maneuver disturbance, but the relationship was statistically significant only for those areas predicted to have low levels of disturbance. While the results are promising and suggest that further research may enhance the methodology, the allocation of funding for land rehabilitation on military training lands based on a priori prediction of the spatial distribution of surface disturbance is not yet practical. (c) 2005 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado State Univ, Ctr Environm Management Mil Lands, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Warren, SD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ctr Environm Management Mil Lands, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM swarren@cemml.colostate.edu NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUL-OCT PY 2005 VL 42 IS 3-4 BP 373 EP 381 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.12.003 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 943SF UT WOS:000230373900015 ER PT J AU Duffy, SF Baker, EH Wereszczak, AA Swab, JJ AF Duffy, SF Baker, EH Wereszczak, AA Swab, JJ TI Weibull analysis effective volume and effective area for a ceramic C-ring test specimen SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE ceramics; C-ring test specimens; effective area; effective volume; finite-element analysis; gun barrels; parameter estimation; reliability; Weibull distribution AB C-ring specimen geometries are used to ascertain Weibull parameters for spatially distributed flaw populations in ceramic gun barrels. A review of previously published results used to compute effective areas and effective volumes for this test specimen geometry is presented along with deficiencies associated with these computations. In addition, the results of the numerical analyses presented utilizing finite-element analysis and component level reliability algorithms clearly indicate that geometric constraints called out in the current ASTM standard for C-ring testing must be revised. C1 Cleveland State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. Connecticut Reserve Technol LLC, Cleveland, OH 44181 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21205 USA. RP Duffy, SF (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 33 IS 4 BP 233 EP 238 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 934FL UT WOS:000229692200004 ER PT J AU Chen, MW McCauley, JW LaSalvla, JC Hemker, KJ AF Chen, MW McCauley, JW LaSalvla, JC Hemker, KJ TI Microstructural characterization of commercial hot-pressed boron carbide ceramics SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; B4C-TIB2 COMPOSITES; B4C AB Two commercial hot-pressed boron carbide ceramics were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Atomic-scale observations suggest that the grain boundaries of the two materials are free of grain-boundary films. Two triple-junction phases were found and characterized to be rhombohedral Fe2B103 and orthorhombic Ti3B4. In addition, intra-granular precipitates, AIN, Mo-2(C, B) and graphite, were identified and found to have coherent relationships with the boron carbide matrix. Micron-scale inclusions were also observed and most of them were determined to be graphite. The formation mechanisms of the secondary phases and their possible influence on mechanical properties are also discussed. C1 Tohoku Univ, Mat Res Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Engn Mech, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Chen, MW (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Mat Res Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. EM mwchen@imr.tohoku.ac.jp RI Hemker, Kevin/A-3315-2010; Chen, Mingwei/A-4855-2010 OI Chen, Mingwei/0000-0002-2850-8872 NR 31 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 19 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 88 IS 7 BP 1935 EP 1942 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00346.x PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 940FC UT WOS:000230128100041 ER PT J AU Montgomery, SP Swiecki, CW Shriver, CD AF Montgomery, SP Swiecki, CW Shriver, CD TI The evaluation of casualties from operation Iraqi freedom on return to the continental United States from March to June 2003 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 90th Annual Clinical Congress of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY OCT 10-14, 2004 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Surg ID BATTLEFIELD AB BACKGROUND: Most seriously wounded US Army casualties from the Iraqi theater of operations come through Walter Reed Army Medical Center on their return to the United States. General surgery and orthopaedic surgery services have developed a multidisciplinary team approach to triage and treatment of incoming casualties. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective database of returning casualties to Walter Reed Army Medical Center from Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) from March I to July 1, 2003. RESULTS: Of 294 casualties seen, 119 were triaged to inpatient status and treated within I hour of arrival; mean age 26.6 +/- 6.2 years (range 23 to 37). Time from original battlefield injury was a mean of 8 days (range 3 to 28 days). Forty-six (39%) sustained gunshot wounds, 37 (31%) sustained blast and shrapnel injuries, and 41 (34%) had blunt/motor vehicle collision mechanisms. There were a total of 184 wounded locations in these 119 casualties; of these, there were 29 head and neck, 25 chest, 20 abdomen, 74 lower extremity, and 36 upper extremity. Twenty-eight casualties (23%) required emergent surgical procedures on the night of arrival. Another 30 (25%) required an urgent surgical procedure within 48 hours of arrival. CONCLUSIONS: Followup surgical procedures were urgently or emergently required in 43% of admitted battlefield casualties from OIF on transfer to Level V care in the continental United States. The injury pattern of wounds from this engagement is described. The Walter Reed Army Medical Center system of incoming battlefield casualty evaluation using multidisciplinary teams is successful in expediting care and ensuring evaluation of the full range of potential injuries. (c) 2005 by the American College of Surgeons. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Montgomery, SP (reprint author), 414 Loblolly Dr, Vass, NC 28394 USA. NR 8 TC 61 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 201 IS 1 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2005.03.038 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 940NK UT WOS:000230151000006 PM 15978435 ER PT J AU Perez, G Brentner, KS Bres, GA Jones, HE AF Perez, G Brentner, KS Bres, GA Jones, HE TI A first step toward the prediction of rotorcraft maneuver noise SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Forum of the American-Helicopter-Society CY JUN 11-13, 2002 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP Amer Helicopter Soc ID SOUND AB Over the past decade, stricter noise standards for civil aircraft operations and the need for greater stealth in a military environment have lead to a sustained interest in rotorcraft noise prediction. Although great progress has been made, development of the acoustic codes capable of predicting rotorcraft maneuver noise is lacking. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the potential impact maneuvering flight may have on rotor noise generation through initial noise predictions with a new rotor noise prediction code PSU-WOPWOP. This code is a necessary first step toward analyzing and understanding the additional noise generated during maneuvers--especially transient maneuvers. In this paper the predicted acoustic directivity for a helicopter in a transient descent condition is presented and compared to that of a steady three-degree descent path. Both main and tail rotor noise are predicted. The CAMRAD-2 comprehensive analysis code is used to approximate the time-dependent rotor blade loading and flight dynamics. In these initial predictions, a representative (but simplified) maneuver tends to significantly increase the noise intensity and change the directivity. These changes impact both low and mid frequencies-as much as the contribution of the tail rotor. An approximate quasisteady noise prediction is used to demonstrate that the increased noise in the transient maneuver in is not accounted for by the change in rotor thrust alone. C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, USA, Aeroflightdynam Directore,AMRDEC, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Perez, G (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 50 IS 3 BP 230 EP 237 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 953PX UT WOS:000231092700002 ER PT J AU Molinari, A Wright, TW AF Molinari, A Wright, TW TI A physical model for nucleation and early growth of voids in ductile materials under dynamic loading SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE dynamic void growth; inertial effects; statistics of void nucleation; spall ID COMPUTATIONAL MODELS; STRAIN-RATE; FRACTURE; DAMAGE; CAVITATION; SOLIDS; METALS; COPPER AB Spall fracture and other rapid tensile failures in ductile materials are often dominated by the rapid growth of voids. Recent research on the mechanics of void growth clearly shows that void nucleation may be represented as a bifurcation phenomenon, wherein a void forms spontaneously followed by highly localized plastic flow around the new void. Although thermal, viscoplastic, and work hardening effects all play an essential role in the earliest stages of nucleation and growth, the flow becomes dominated by spherical radial inertia, which soon causes all voids to grow asymptotically at the same rate, regardless of differences in initial conditions or constitutive details, provided only that there is the same density of matrix material and the same excess loading history beyond the cavitation stress. These two facts, initiation by bifurcation at a cavitation stress, at which a void first appears, and rapid domination by inertia, are used to postulate a simple, but physically realistic, model for nucleation and early growth of voids in a ductile material under rapid tensile loading. A reasonable statistical distribution for the cavitation stress at various nucleation sites and a simple similarity solution for inertially dominated void growth permit a simple calculation of the initiation and early growth of porosity in the material. Parametric analyses are presented to show the effect that loading rate, peak loading stress, density of nucleation sites, physical properties of the material, etc. have on the applied pressure and distribution of void sizes when a critical porosity is reached. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Metz, ISGMP, Lab Phys & Mecan Mat, F-57045 Metz, France. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Molinari, A (reprint author), Univ Metz, ISGMP, Lab Phys & Mecan Mat, Ile Saulcy, F-57045 Metz, France. EM molinari@lpmm.univ-metz.fr NR 27 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD JUL PY 2005 VL 53 IS 7 BP 1476 EP 1504 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2005.02.010 PG 29 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 939FS UT WOS:000230058500002 ER PT J AU Kheirabadi, BS Acheson, EM Deguzman, R Sondeen, JL Ryan, KL Delgado, A Dick, EJ Holcomb, JB AF Kheirabadi, BS Acheson, EM Deguzman, R Sondeen, JL Ryan, KL Delgado, A Dick, EJ Holcomb, JB TI Hemostatic efficacy of two advanced dressings in an aortic hemorrhage model in swine SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 2004 CL Maui, HI SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma ID N-ACETYL GLUCOSAMINE; FIBRIN SEALANT DRESSINGS; COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; V LIVER-INJURIES; BLOOD-LOSS; VENOUS HEMORRHAGE; ADHESIVE BANDAGE; CLOTTING FACTORS; HEPATIC-INJURY; CROSS-LINKING AB Background An effective hemostatic agent capable of stopping severe arterial bleeding and sustaining hemostasis over a prolonged time is required. The U.S. Army recently distributed fibrin sealant (under an Investigational New Drug-approved protocol) and chitosan dressings among deployed medics for treating severe external hemorrhage on the battlefield. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of these dressings, as compared with the standard gauze army field dressing, to provide initial and sustained hemostasis up to 96 hours in a lethal uncontrolled arterial hemorrhage model. Methods:Anesthetized pigs were splenectomized and chronically instrumented for fluid/drug administration and continuous monitoring of vital signs. An infrarenal aortotomy was created using a 4.4-mm aortic hole punch and free bleeding was allowed for 5 seconds. While bleeding profusely, a dressing was applied and pressed into the wound for 4 minutes (occluding the distal flow) and then released. If hemostasis was not obtained, the dressing was replaced with a new one (maximum, two dressings per experiment) with another 4-minute compression. If hemostasis was achieved, the abdomen was closed; the animal was then recovered and monitored up to 96 hours. Initial hemostasis, duration of hemostasis, survival time, blood loss, and other variables were measured. Results: Application of army field dressing (gauze) did not stop the arterial hemorrhage and led to exsanguination of all the pigs (n = 6) within 10 to 15 minutes of the injury. Chitosan dressing produced initial hemostasis in five of seven pigs. However, the dressings failed to maintain hemostasis for more than 1.6 hours (range, 28-102 minutes), resulting in secondary bleeding and death of the animals. Fibrin sealant dressing produced initial hemostasis in all the pigs (n = 6) and maintained hemostasis in five cases, with one failure at 2.2 hours. These pigs resumed normal activities and lived for the 96-hour experiment duration. Computed tomographic images and histologic sections of the aortas from surviving fibrin sealant dressing-treated animals showed formation of pseudoaneurysms and early granulation tissue at the aortotomy site. The posttreatment blood loss, duration of hemostasis, and survival time were significantly different in the fibrin sealant dressing group than the chitosan dressing and army field dressing groups. Conclusion: Both chitosan dressing and fibrin sealant dressing stopped initial arterial bleeding that could not be controlled by the standard army field dressing. However, although the fibrin sealant dressing secured hemostasis for up to 4 days, the chitosan dressing consistently failed within 2 hours after application. There may be a risk of rebleeding for high-pressure arterial wounds treated with chitosan dressings, particularly in situations where definitive care is delayed substantially. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kheirabadi, BS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM bijan.kheirabadi@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 77 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 2005 VL 59 IS 1 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000171458.72037.EE PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 956ZN UT WOS:000231339000007 PM 16096535 ER PT J AU Rothwell, SW Reid, TJ Dorsey, J Flournoy, WS Bodo, M Janmey, PA Sawyer, E AF Rothwell, SW Reid, TJ Dorsey, J Flournoy, WS Bodo, M Janmey, PA Sawyer, E TI A salmon thrombin-fibrin bandage controls arterial bleeding in a swine aortotomy model SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE fibrin dressing; arterial hemorrhage; swine; fibrinogen ID HUMAN FACTOR-V; BLOOD-LOSS; BOVINE THROMBIN; LIVER-INJURY; HEMORRHAGE; SURVIVAL; GLUE; EFFICACY; PURIFICATION; HEMOSTASIS AB Background. Recently, a wide variety of bandages have been formulated to attempt to improve the effectiveness of emergency intervention in situations of uncontrolled bleeding. The best of these dressings contain a mixture of human thrombin and fibrinogen. The presence of human components in these bandages, although effective, increases the cost of the dressing and raises questions of availability of raw materials and transmission of pathogens. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of dressings composed of salmon thrombin and fibrinogen in a swine aortotomy model. Methods: A 4.4-mm aortotomy was produced in the abdominal aorta of 19 anesthetized, splenectomized swine. The United States Army standard field gauze was applied to 8 animals, and the salmon thrombin-fibrin dressing (SFD) was applied to 11 animals. Survival, blood loss, and other parameters were measured over a 60-minute period. Results: All 11 animals that received the SFD survived the aortotomy injury, and bleeding stopped within 7.5 +/- 1.5 min. Seven of 8 animals in the control group were killed when bleeding continued and blood pressures decreased to the cutoff values as outlined in the animal protocol. Bleeding was significantly less in the SFD group compared with the gauze group (241 +/- 65.3 vs. 932.7 +/- 142.4 mL). conclusion. Fibrin dressing using salmon-derived thrombin and fibrinogen is effective in controlling severe, uncontrolled bleeding. This dressing may offer an alternative to dressings composed of human coagulation proteins. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Vet Surg, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Penn, Inst Med & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. SeaRun Holdings Inc, Freeport, ME USA. RP Rothwell, SW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM stephen.rothwell@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 2005 VL 59 IS 1 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000171528.43746.53 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 956ZN UT WOS:000231339000032 PM 16096554 ER PT J AU Klemcke, HG Delgado, A Holcomb, JB Ryan, KL Burke, A DeGuzman, R Scherer, M Cortez, D Uscilowicz, J Macaitis, JM Bliss, J Wojtaszczyk, J Christensen, S Currier, H Pusateri, AE AF Klemcke, HG Delgado, A Holcomb, JB Ryan, KL Burke, A DeGuzman, R Scherer, M Cortez, D Uscilowicz, J Macaitis, JM Bliss, J Wojtaszczyk, J Christensen, S Currier, H Pusateri, AE TI Effect of recombinant FVIIa in hypothermic, coagulopathic pigs with liver injuries SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; FIBRIN SEALANT DRESSINGS; BLOOD-LOSS; HEMORRHAGE CONTROL; SWINE; PRESSURE; RFVIIA; DEATH AB Background. Previous experiments with diverse pig models to evaluate the ability of rFVIIa to reduce hemorrhage have provided divergent results. The current study was conducted to address concerns related to previous work by using larger sample sizes, and an extended observational period of 4 hours post-injury. The objectives were to evaluate further the hemostatic efficacy and safety of rFVIIa administration after traumatic, uncontrolled hemorrhage. Methods. Anesthetized, splenectomized pigs (36.6 +/- 0.3 kg; n = 18/group) underwent an similar to 50% isovolemic blood exchange with 33 degrees C 6% hetastarch, and body temperature was adjusted to 32.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C. Subsequently, a Grade V liver injury was inflicted. After 30 seconds, either vehicle or treatment (180 mu g/kg or 720 mu g/kg rFVIIa) was administered intravenously as a bolus. Concomitantly, laparotomy pads were packed around the liver. Resuscitation with 33 degrees C lactated Ringer's solution (260 mL/min) was initiated and pigs were monitored for 4 hour post-injury or until death. Tissues were collected and examined histologically to assess the presence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Results: Liver injuries were comparable among all groups (p = 0.89). Measures associated with in vitro coagulation (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thromboelastographic split-point and R times) were enhanced by rFVIIa administration (p < 0.05). However, neither percent survival (p = 0.82), survival time (p = 0.56), nor blood loss (p = 0.63) were affected by treatment. DIC was not evident in lung or kidney tissue. Conclusions. These data indicate an inability of rFVIIa at these doses to reduce blood loss, or to increase survival time or percent survival in this pig model. Absence of DIC provides evidence for safe use of rFVIIa under conditions specific to this study. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Cardiovasc Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Klemcke, HG (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78124 USA. EM harold.klemcke@amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 2005 VL 59 IS 1 BP 155 EP 161 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000174557.89804.A2 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 956ZN UT WOS:000231339000034 PM 16096556 ER PT J AU Kragh, JF Svoboda, SJ Wenke, JC Ward, JA Walters, TJ AF Kragh, JF Svoboda, SJ Wenke, JC Ward, JA Walters, TJ TI Epimysium and perimysium in suturing in skeletal muscle lacerations SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE repair; suture; laceration; surgery; trauma ID INTRAMUSCULAR CONNECTIVE-TISSUE; TRAUMATIC CLOSED TRANSECTION; BICEPS-BRACHII; IMMOBILIZATION; INJURIES; REPAIR AB Background:. Direct muscle belly trauma is common. Selecting optimal methods for surgical repair of muscle disruption is difficult because reliable methods have not been established. Suturing tendon offers strong repairs, but epimysium and perimysium, the connective tissues that coalesce to form tendons, offer unknown repair strength. The purpose of this study was to compare biomechanical properties of repaired muscle in transected muscle bellies with epimysium and perimysium. Methods: The authors surgically repaired with figure-eight stitches in both epimysium and perimysium groups. Individual stitches were placed in lacerated quadriceps bellies from a euthanized pig and were tensioned on a biomechanical machine. Maximum loads and strains were measured, and failure mechanisms were recorded. Results: Loads and strains for repairs with epimysium were higher than those for repairs with perimysium. Failure mechanisms were significantly different between groups. Conclusion: These data showed that epimysium incorporation into suturing improves capacity to bear forces compared with perimysium incorporation. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Serv, MCHE, SDR, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Extrem Trauma Study Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kragh, JF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Serv, MCHE, SDR, Room 129-5,Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.kragh@amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 2005 VL 59 IS 1 BP 209 EP 212 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000171530.11588.70 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 956ZN UT WOS:000231339000044 PM 16096565 ER PT J AU Dorlac, WC DeBakey, ME Holcomb, JB Fagan, SP Kwong, KL Dorlac, GR Schreiber, MA Persse, DE Moore, FA Mattox, KL AF Dorlac, WC DeBakey, ME Holcomb, JB Fagan, SP Kwong, KL Dorlac, GR Schreiber, MA Persse, DE Moore, FA Mattox, KL TI Mortality from isolated civilian penetrating extremity injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE trauma exsanguination extremity EMS; extremity injury tourniquet emergency thoracotomy ID COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; HEMORRHAGE CONTROL; VASCULAR INJURIES; DAMAGE CONTROL; EMERGENCY; TRAUMA; THORACOTOMY; BATTLEFIELD; EXPERIENCE; WOUNDS AB Background. Although studies have ascertained that ten percent of soldiers killed in battle bleed to death from extremity wounds, little data exists on exsanguination and mortality from extremity injuries in civilian trauma. This study examined the treatment course and outcomes of civilian patients who appear to have exsanguinated from isolated penetrating extremity injuries. Methods: Five and 1/2 years' data (Aug 1994 to Dec 1999) were reviewed from two Level I trauma centers that receive 95 % of trauma patients in metropolitan Houston, TX. Records (hospital trauma registries, emergency medical system (EMS) and medical examiner data) were reviewed on all patients with isolated extremity injuries who arrived dead at the trauma center or underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or emergency center thoracotomy (ECT). Results: Fourteen patients meeting inclusion criteria were identified from over 75,000 trauma emergency center (EC) visits. Average age was 31 years and 93% were males. Gunshot wounds accounted for 50% of the injuries. The exsanguinating wound was in the lower extremity in 10/14 (71%) patients and proximal to the elbow or knee in 12/14 (86%). Ten (71%) had both a major artery and vein injured; one had only a venous injury. Prehospital hemorrhage control was primarily by gauze dressings. Twelve (86%) had "signs of life" in the field, but none had a discernable blood pressure or pulse upon arrival at the EC. Prehospital intravenous access was not obtained in 10 patients (71%). Nine patients underwent ECT, and nine were initially resuscitated (eight with ECT and one with CPR). Those undergoing operative repair received an average of 26 +/- 14 units of packed red blood cells. All patients died, 93% succumbing within 12 hours. Conclusion: Although rare, death from isolated extremity injuries does occur in the civilian population. The majority of injuries that lead to immediate death are proximal injuries of the lower extremities. The cause of death in this series appears to have been exsanguination, although definitive etiology cannot be discerned. Intravenous access was not obtainable in the majority of patients. Eight patients (57%) had bleeding from a site that anatomically might have been amenable to tourniquet control. Patients presenting to the EC without any detectable blood pressure and who received either CPR or EC thoracotomy all died. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 2400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM holcomb@amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 2005 VL 59 IS 1 BP 217 EP 222 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000173699.71652.BA PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 956ZN UT WOS:000231339000046 PM 16096567 ER PT J AU Reckard, JM Chung, MH Varma, MK Zagorski, SM AF Reckard, JM Chung, MH Varma, MK Zagorski, SM TI Management of intraabdominal hypertension by percutaneous catheter drainage SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABDOMINAL COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; PRESSURE; RESUSCITATION; TRAUMA; SHOCK AB The authors report a case of an 18-year-old man with T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia who developed hemorrhagic pancreatitis after chemotherapy. He subsequently developed abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). Computed tomography showed a large fluid-filled mass in the area of the pancreas. As a result of the instability of his condition, surgical decompression, the standard therapy for ACS, was believed to carry significant morbidity and potential mortality. The patient underwent ultrasound-guided drainage of the peripancreatic fluid, which decreased his abdominal pressures and improved his clinical status. Without this procedure, the patient may not have tolerated subsequent surgery. C1 MCHK DSG, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. MCHK DSG, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. MCHK DSG, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Zagorski, SM (reprint author), MCHK DSG, Dept Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM stanley.zagorski@amedd.army.rnil NR 16 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 16 IS 7 BP 1019 EP 1021 DI 10.1097/01.RVI.0000157781.67279.72 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 943NS UT WOS:000230361500013 PM 16002511 ER PT J AU Kallstrom, G Warfield, KL Swenson, DL Mort, S Panchal, RG Ruthel, G Bavari, S Aman, MJ AF Kallstrom, G Warfield, KL Swenson, DL Mort, S Panchal, RG Ruthel, G Bavari, S Aman, MJ TI Analysis of Ebola virus and VLP release using an immunocapture assay SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Ebola; VLP; VP40; NP; filovirus; diagnostic; ELISA ID MATRIX PROTEIN VP40; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; PARTICLES; MARBURG; VACCINE; NUCLEOPROTEIN; GLYCOPROTEIN; INFECTION; TRAFFICKING; ASSOCIATION AB Ebola virus (EBOV), an emerging pathogen, is the causative agent of a rapidly progressive hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates. There are currently no approved vaccines or treatments available for Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Standard plaque assays are currently the only reliable techniques for enumerating the virus. Effective drug-discovery screening as well as target identification and validation require simple and more rapid detection methods. This report describes the development of a rapid ELISA that measures virus release with high sensitivity. This assay detects both Ebola virus and EBOV-like particles (VLPs) directly from cell-culture supernatants with the VP40 matrix protein serving as antigen. Using this assay, the contribution of the EBOV nucleocapsid (NC) proteins in VLP release was determined. These findings indicate that a combination of NC proteins together with the envelope components is optimal for VLP formation and release, a finding that is important for vaccination with Ebola VLPs. Furthermore, this assay can be used in surrogate models in non-biocontainment environment, facilitating both basic research on the mechanism of EBOV assembly and budding as well as drug-discovery research. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Dev Therapeut Program, SAIC, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Aman, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Javad.Aman@amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JUL PY 2005 VL 127 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.015 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 931AA UT WOS:000229457000001 PM 15893559 ER PT J AU Lin, LW Demirbilek, Z AF Lin, LW Demirbilek, Z TI Evaluation of two numerical wave models with inlet physical model SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER WAVES; REFRACTION-DIFFRACTION; BREAKWATER AB This paper evaluates the performance of two numerical wave models, GHOST and STWAVE, with measurements made in an idealized inlet physical model. The emphasis of this paper is on the overall performance of these models in coastal inlets. Both wave models are similar in that they employ a finite-difference method to solve the wave action conservation equation for the steady-state wave spectral transformation. However, these models differ in the computation of diffraction, reflection, wave breaking, and representation of the directional spectrum transformation. The models' performance is compared with a new set of physical model data for four different idealized inlet configurations. Wave height is measured in the physical model by a linear array of capacitance wave gauges, and wave direction is measured by a remote-sensing video-camera system. The comparison with data is presented as mean absolute relative errors of wave height and mean absolute difference of wave direction. Both wave models produced similar results, but neither could accurately describe waves observed in the physical model in inlets and near structures. The mean absolute relative error of wave height prediction from models was between 22 and 40% as compared with the measured data. The mean absolute error of wave direction estimates ranged from 5 to 12 degrees. Overall, wave direction estimates from GHOST in inlets and near structures compared slightly better with measurements. C1 US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Lin, LW (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 131 IS 4 BP 149 EP 161 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2005)131:4(149) PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 940DV UT WOS:000230124800002 ER PT J AU Kumru, SS Cain, CP Noojin, GD Cooper, MF Imholte, ML Stolarski, DJ Cox, DD Crane, CC Rockwell, BA AF Kumru, SS Cain, CP Noojin, GD Cooper, MF Imholte, ML Stolarski, DJ Cox, DD Crane, CC Rockwell, BA TI ED50 study of femtosecond terawatt laser pulses on porcine skin SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE infrared; mini-pig; MVL; ablation; dermatology; laser induced breakdown AB Background and Objectives: Terawatt (TW) lasers have become commonplace since the development of the chirped-pulse amplification method using Ti:sapphire and Nd:glass laser rods. We have measured the minimum visible lesion (MVL) thresholds for porcine(1) (Yucatan minipig) skin using TW laser pulses. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Our system produced laser pulses at 810 nm and sub-50 femtoseconds. These 1-2 TW laser pulses created multiple self-focusing (SF) filaments during propagation and were directed on the flanks of mini-pigs under anesthesia. We measured the pulse energies necessary to determine the ED50 skin damage thresholds. Results: The MVL ED50 threshold at 1 hour was 8 mJ and increased to 21 mJ after 24 hours. Histological sections were obtained after 1-hour and 24-hour readings. Conclusions: The damage patterns on the skin indicated the number of filaments in the laser pulse. Many of the pulses produced only superficial damage that disappeared in 24 hours and that nearly three times the pulse energy was required to cause subdural or cellular damage. With further research, non-thermal tissue ablation using TW laser pulses could provide a viable alternative to current techniques of laser use in dermatology. C1 USAF, HEDO, Res Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Northrop Grumman, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Brooks City Base, TX USA. Naval Res Ctr Detachment, Brooks City Base, TX USA. RP Kumru, SS (reprint author), USAF, HEDO, Res Lab, 2624 Louis Bauer Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM semih.kumru@brooks.af.mil NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 37 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1002/lsm.20195 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 952MO UT WOS:000231007900010 PM 15954120 ER PT J AU Hufnagel, D Garrsion, M AF Hufnagel, D Garrsion, M TI A Phase II trial of vinorelbine combined with prolonged infusion gemcitabine in elderly pateints with stage IIIB or IVNSCLC SO LUNG CANCER LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th World Conference on Lung Cancer CY JUL 03-06, 2005 CL Barcelona, SPAIN C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0169-5002 J9 LUNG CANCER-J IASLC JI Lung Cancer PD JUL PY 2005 VL 49 SU 2 BP S248 EP S249 DI 10.1016/S0169-5002(05)80994-8 PG 2 WC Oncology; Respiratory System SC Oncology; Respiratory System GA 956NV UT WOS:000231307801421 ER PT J AU Hock, V Morefield, S McInerney, M Marshall, O Marsh, C Cooper, S Malone, P Weiss, C AF Hock, V Morefield, S McInerney, M Marshall, O Marsh, C Cooper, S Malone, P Weiss, C TI Control of water migration through concrete using electro-osmosis SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article AB Electro-osmosis, in electro-osmotic pulse (EOP) form, is a means to prevent water intrusion in below-grade spaces and has been in use for several years. This article evaluates the effectiveness of EOP in concrete walls with clay and gravel backfills, in conjunction with conventional repair and dehumidification techniques. EOP effectively controlled moisture in two backfills, with clay performing slightly better than gravel. When the EOP configuration was changed from four cathodes surrounding the test basement to two cathodes, no significant change in EOP effectiveness was observed. No significant change occurred when the pulse was changed from 35 to 40 s. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Corros Control Water & Util Syst, ERDC,CERL, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Hock, V (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Corros Control Water & Util Syst, ERDC,CERL, 2902 Farber Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 44 IS 7 BP 42 EP 47 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 945LN UT WOS:000230504100023 ER PT J AU Wright, KM Thomas, JL Adler, AB Ness, JW Hoge, CW Castro, CA AF Wright, KM Thomas, JL Adler, AB Ness, JW Hoge, CW Castro, CA TI Psychological screening procedures for deploying US forces SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILITARY AB This study examined the validity of psychological measures used in screening for the U.S. Army with 885 soldiers before a 6-month peacekeeping rotation in Kosovo. Content validity and construct validity were assessed by evaluating the clinical domains, comparing clinician assessments of functioning, and assessing risk factors for screening positive. Construct validity and content validity were demonstrated. Risks, benefits, and future directions of the Army's psychological screening research program are discussed. C1 USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Heidelberg, Germany. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neuropsychiat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Wright, KM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Heidelberg, Germany. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 170 IS 7 BP 555 EP 562 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JN UT WOS:000235831500001 PM 16130632 ER PT J AU Helling, E McKinlay, AJ AF Helling, E McKinlay, AJ TI Considerations for the head-injured air-evacuated patient: A case report of frontal sinus fracture and review of the literature SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AEROMEDICAL EVACUATION; TENSION PNEUMOCEPHALUS; TRANSPORT; TRAVEL AB Head and neck injuries are not uncommon in combat environments and may be increasing due to survivable injuries from the use of kevlar helmets and body armour. With the current capability of rapid evacuation from the battlefield, acutely injured patients with frontal sinus injuries may undergo further barometric challenges. Proper care during transport can prevent the occurrence of secondary injury (increased intracranial pressure, tension pneumocephalus) that would complicate the patient's management at the next level of care. Management principles (importance of low-level flight/pressurized cabin, preflight use of decongestants, avoidance of valsalva, and ability to manage complications either procedurally or by landing) are reviewed. In addition, we propose a simple mechanism for pressure equilibration of a compromised frontal sinus during air evacuation using an angiocatheter placed through the wound before closure. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, MSIV, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Helling, E (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 170 IS 7 BP 577 EP 579 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JN UT WOS:000235831500005 PM 16130636 ER PT J AU Allen, JP Cross, G Swanner, J AF Allen, JP Cross, G Swanner, J TI Suicide in the army: A review of current information SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE; LIFETIME RISK; BEHAVIOR; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; DEATH AB This article summarizes findings on demographic factors, distal risk factors, and proximal risk factors for suicide and reports recent data on suicide by Army personnel. In addition, the article offers recommendations to reduce the risk of suicide and suicide attempt in the Armed Services and suggests possible directions for future research on suicide in the military. C1 785th Med Co, CSC, Minneapolis, MN 55111 USA. USA, Forces Command, Ft McPherson, GA 30330 USA. Dept Army, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Allen, JP (reprint author), 785th Med Co, CSC, Minneapolis, MN 55111 USA. NR 26 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 170 IS 7 BP 580 EP 584 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JN UT WOS:000235831500006 PM 16130637 ER PT J AU Weber, EG Weber, DK AF Weber, EG Weber, DK TI Geographic relocation frequency, resilience, and military adolescent behavior SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FAMILIES; ADJUSTMENT; MOBILITY; CHILDREN AB Frequent relocations have historically been viewed negatively and are perceived to lead to aberrant behavior. Military adolescents are a highly mobile population with a highly variable number of relocations. This study assessed parental perceptions of military adolescents' conduct and behavior in the context of relocation experience. Parents of military adolescents were surveyed for their children's history of conduct and behavior, with 179 completed surveys being returned from geographically separate sites. The average number of relocations experienced by the adolescents was 4.89. Parental perceptions of relocations improved with the number of relocations experienced (p < 0.05). As more relocations were experienced, children's behavior improved (p < 0.05), when controlling for age. The data suggested that relocation frequency was a more predictive measure of improved parental perceptions and decreased aberrant behavior. Data from this study suggest that relocation frequency may be a more critical factor in resilience development than the actual number of relocations experienced. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Weber, EG (reprint author), 6033 Cheshire Dr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 31 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 170 IS 7 BP 638 EP 642 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JN UT WOS:000235831500018 PM 16130649 ER PT J AU Bennett, ES Arora, NS Kay, M Robinson, TT Fergus, I AF Bennett, ES Arora, NS Kay, M Robinson, TT Fergus, I TI Intracardiac leilomyomatosis: iliac vein to right-ventricular outflow tract SO NATURE CLINICAL PRACTICE CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cardiac tumor; inferior vena cava; leiomyoma ID INTRAVENOUS LEIOMYOMATOSIS; TUMOR; EXTENSION; DIAGNOSIS; HEART AB Background A 58-year-old female with a history of hypertension and asthma presented to an internist for a routine physical examination. A grade II/VI systolic ejection murmur and electrocardiogram abnormalities were noted. She was referred to a cardiologist for further assessment. Investigations Transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, contrast-enhanced CT and MRI, exploratory laparotomy. Diagnosis Intracardiac leiomyomatosis. Management Surgical excision. C1 Kyrenia Cardiac Ctr, Flushing, NY 11355 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Cardiovasc Associates, Bayside, NY USA. RP Fergus, I (reprint author), New York Hosp Queens, Kyrenia Cardiac Ctr, Flushing, NY 11355 USA. EM icf9001@nyp.org NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1743-4297 J9 NAT CLIN PRACT CARD JI Nat. Clin. Pract. Cardiovasc. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 2 IS 7 BP 369 EP 372 DI 10.1038/ncpcardio0250 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 962NR UT WOS:000231740000013 PM 16265563 ER PT J AU Edghill-Smith, Y Golding, H Manischewitz, J King, LR Scott, D Bray, M Nalca, A Hooper, JW Whitehouse, CA Schmitz, JE Reimann, KA Franchini, G AF Edghill-Smith, Y Golding, H Manischewitz, J King, LR Scott, D Bray, M Nalca, A Hooper, JW Whitehouse, CA Schmitz, JE Reimann, KA Franchini, G TI Smallpox vaccine-induced antibodies are necessary and sufficient for protection against monkeypox virus SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; LETHAL MONKEYPOX; ENVELOPE; GENE; CHALLENGE; EXPRESSION; INFECTION AB Vaccination with live vaccinia virus affords long- lasting protection against variola virus, the agent of smallpox. Its mode of protection in humans, however, has not been clearly defined. Here we report that vaccinia- specific B-cell responses are essential for protection of macaques from monkeypox virus, a variola virus ortholog. Antibody- mediated depletion of B cells, but not CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells, abrogated vaccine- induced protection from a lethal intravenous challenge with monkeypox virus. In addition, passive transfer of human vaccinia-neutralizing antibodies protected nonimmunized macaques from severe disease. Thus, vaccines able to induce long- lasting protective antibody responses may constitute realistic alternatives to the currently available smallpox vaccine (Dryvax). C1 NCI, Anim Models & Retroviral Vaccines Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, Div Viral Prod, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, Div Hematol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Biodef Clin Res Branch, Off Clin Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. So Res Inst, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med,Div Viral Pathogenesis, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Franchini, G (reprint author), NCI, Anim Models & Retroviral Vaccines Sect, 41-D804, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM franchig@mail.nih.gov OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 FU NCRR NIH HHS [R24 RR016001, RR016001]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI040101] NR 35 TC 182 Z9 182 U1 0 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 11 IS 7 BP 740 EP 747 DI 10.1038/nm1261 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 942TB UT WOS:000230304200030 PM 15951823 ER PT J AU Jones, SM Feldmann, H Stroher, U Geisbert, JB Fernando, L Grolla, A Klenk, HD Sullivan, NJ Volchkov, VE Fritz, EA Daddario, KM Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Geisbert, TW AF Jones, SM Feldmann, H Stroher, U Geisbert, JB Fernando, L Grolla, A Klenk, HD Sullivan, NJ Volchkov, VE Fritz, EA Daddario, KM Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Geisbert, TW TI Live attenuated recombinant vaccine protects nonhuman primates against Ebola and Marburg viruses SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUSES; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; GLYCOPROTEINS; VECTORS; INFECTIONS; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB Vaccines and therapies are urgently needed to address public health needs stemming from emerging pathogens and biological threat agents such as the filoviruses Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg virus (MARV). Here, we developed replication-competent vaccines against EBOV and MARV based on attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vectors expressing either the EBOV glycoprotein or MARV glycoprotein. A single intramuscular injection of the EBOV or MARV vaccine elicited completely protective immune responses in nonhuman primates against lethal EBOV or MARV challenges. Notably, vaccine vector shedding was not detectable in the monkeys and none of the animals developed fever or other symptoms of illness associated with vaccination. The EBOV vaccine induced humoral and apparent cellular immune responses in all vaccinated monkeys, whereas the MARV vaccine induced a stronger humoral than cellular immune response. No evidence of EBOV or MARV replication was detected in any of the protected animals after challenge. Our data suggest that these vaccine candidates are safe and highly efficacious in a relevant animal model. C1 Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Special Pathogens Program, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Dept Immunol, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med Microbiol, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Marburg, Inst Virol, D-35037 Marburg, Germany. NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Lyon 1, INSERM, U412, Filovirus Lab, F-69007 Lyon, France. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Feldmann, H (reprint author), Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Special Pathogens Program, Natl Microbiol Lab, 1015 Arlington St, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. EM Heinz_Feldmann@hc-sc.gc.ca RI Volchkov, Viktor/M-7846-2014 OI Volchkov, Viktor/0000-0001-7896-8706 NR 27 TC 293 Z9 313 U1 2 U2 57 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 11 IS 7 BP 786 EP 790 DI 10.1038/nm1258 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 942TB UT WOS:000230304200036 PM 15937495 ER PT J AU Bottoni, CR AF Bottoni, CR TI The Military Medical Organization SO OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES IN SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Bottoni, CR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1060-1872 J9 OPER TECHN SPORT MED JI Oper. Tech. Sports Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 13 IS 3 BP 130 EP 130 DI 10.1053/j.otsm.2005.10.001 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 002BN UT WOS:000234586500002 ER PT J AU Murphy, KP Freedman, BA Giuliani, JG AF Murphy, KP Freedman, BA Giuliani, JG TI Arthroscopic management of intra-articular hip disorders in active-duty military patients SO OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES IN SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hip arthroscopy; military; intra-articular hip disorders; labral repair; surgical treatment; results ID ACETABULAR LABRAL TEARS; FINITE-ELEMENT MODEL; MR ARTHROGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; COMPLICATIONS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; ATHLETE; ANATOMY; PAIN; SEAL AB Hip arthroscopy has become an invaluable tool for addressing intra-articular hip pathology in the active-duty soldier. The surgical indications for hip arthroscopy are evolving, but our primary indications have been for hip labral tears, snapping psoas tendons, and intraarticular loose bodies. As in elite athletes, the demands placed on the hip joint by active-duty soldiers, especially in combat, are tremendous. The differential for hip pain in this population is long and broad. The most common intra-articular injury seen in this population is an acute acetabular labral tear. Clinical examination and imaging studies can often times be inconclusive in the workup of patients with labral tears. Definitive diagnosis and treatment can be obtained through hip arthroscopy. Traditionally, the treatment for hip labral tears has been debridement, but, recently, we have transitioned to repairing peripheral longitudinal tears, similar to those seen in the knee meniscus. Although long-term results are not yet known, short-term follow-up shows good to excellent results with arthroscopic acetabular labral repair. This article describes indications and surgical technique for hip arthroscopy in young active-duty soldiers. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphy, KP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Bldg 2,Clin 5A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Kevin.Murphy.1@na.amedd.army.mil NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1060-1872 J9 OPER TECHN SPORT MED JI Oper. Tech. Sports Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 13 IS 3 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1053/j.otsm.2005.10.009 PG 7 WC Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 002BN UT WOS:000234586500005 ER PT J AU Bottoni, CR AF Bottoni, CR TI Anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions in active-duty military patients SO OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES IN SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE knee; ligament injury; anterior cruciate ligament; hamstring; patellar tendon; allograft; active duty ID CORONAL PLANE; GRAFT; ANGLE AB Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common injuries typically sustained by men and women in their teens and twenties. The United States military consists of a large group of young, athletic servicemen and women who are at high risk for ACL injuries. The surgical reconstruction of a ruptured ACL is the primary treatment option for athletes who want to resume unrestricted sporting activities. The middle third bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft is the most commonly used graft for ACL reconstructions in the United States, but the hamstring autograft has gained increased utilization by military surgeons because of the unique requirements of our patient population. Each graft has its own advantages, and all may be successfully used to restore knee stability after an ACL tear. The grafts chosen and the operative techniques used for ACL reconstructions reflect the training of the individual surgeons, most of whom are relatively early in their orthopedic careers. The military medical system is comprised of smaller community-sized hospitals located throughout the United States and overseas supported by major medical centers with a full complement of residency and fellowship training. Military surgeons in the Army, Navy, and Air Force perform 2,500 to 3,000 primary ACL reconstructions each year. Nearly all patients are required to return to unrestricted military duties including, for most, demanding physical activities. Therefore, we believe the military patients are analogous to a high-level athletic population with comparable expectations for their return to preinjury function. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Sports Med Sect, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Bottoni, CR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Sports Med Sect, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM craig.bottoni@amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1060-1872 J9 OPER TECHN SPORT MED JI Oper. Tech. Sports Med. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 13 IS 3 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1053/j.ostm.2005.10.008 PG 7 WC Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 002BN UT WOS:000234586500009 ER PT J AU Weber, BA AF Weber, BA TI Comparison of human observer and algorithmic target detection in nonurban forward-looking infrared imagery SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ATR; infrared; FLIR; target detection; human testing; perception AB We have performed an experiment that compares the performance of human observers with that of a robust algorithm for the detection of targets in difficult, nonurban forward-looking infrared imagery. Our purpose was to benchmark the comparison and document performance differences for future algorithm improvement. The scale-insensitive detection algorithm, used as a benchmark by the Night Vision Electronic Sensors Directorate for algorithm evaluation, employed a combination of contrastlike features to locate targets. Detection receiver operating characteristic curves and observer-confidence analyses were used to compare human and algorithmic responses and to gain insight into differences. The test database contained ground targets, in natural clutter, whose detectability, as judged by human observers, ranged from easy to very difficult. In general, as compared with human observers, the algorithm detected most of the same targets, but correlated confidence with correct detections poorly and produced many more false alarms at any useful level of performance. Though characterizing human performance was not the intent of this study, results suggest that previous observational experience was not a strong predictor of human performance, and that combining individual human observations by majority vote significantly reduced false-alarm rates. (c) 2005 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Weber, BA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM bweber@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 44 IS 7 AR 076401 DI 10.1117/1.1948147 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 974KU UT WOS:000232591100031 ER PT J AU Ahmad, FH Lozovskiy, VF Castellane, RM AF Ahmad, FH Lozovskiy, VF Castellane, RM TI Interferometric phase estimation through a feedback loop technique SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID FRINGE-PATTERN-ANALYSIS; UNWRAPPING ALGORITHM; FOURIER-TRANSFORM; LEAST-SQUARES; LOCKED LOOP; INTERFEROGRAMS; DECOMPOSITION; PROFILOMETRY; DEMODULATION; OBJECT AB A technique is proposed in this paper for the estimation of the phase of a carrier frequency interferogram. The technique uses a spatially adaptive wavelet thresholding to denoise the interferogram. Next, it uses interferograrn modulation, Hilbert transform and a feedback loop to produce an estimation of the phase. An example is given in which this technique is applied and excellent agreement between the exact and approximate phase values is demonstrated. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Engn Technol, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RBI, Matthews, NC 28105 USA. Dept Army, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ahmad, FH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Engn Technol, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. EM fhahmad@uncc.edu NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 251 IS 1-3 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2005.02.079 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 938FT UT WOS:000229986000007 ER PT J AU Gu, ZH Mendez, ER Ciftan, M Leskova, TA Maradudin, AA AF Gu, ZH Mendez, ER Ciftan, M Leskova, TA Maradudin, AA TI Interference of a pair of symmetric Collett-Wolf beams SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present a study of the interference of light produced by a pair of mutually correlated Gaussian Schell-model sources. The spatial distributions of the fields produced by these sources are symmetric with respect to a plane through their common center and differ by a phase factor exp(i phi). When phi=0, the resulting radiation is a beam with an intensity distribution that displays a narrow bright line at its center. When the sources can be regarded as Collett-Wolf sources, the resulting bright line diverges much more slowly than the beam itself. When 0=pi the radiated beam has an intensity distribution with a narrow dark line at its center. The theoretical results are supported by experimental results obtained by use of a modified Michelson interferometer and suggest that the interference of a pair of correlated Collett-Wolf beams can be used to produce a pseudo-nondiffracting beam. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Surface Opt Corp, San Diego, CA 92127 USA. Ctr Invest Cient & Educ Super Ensenada, Div Fis Aplicada, Ensenada 22800, Baja California, Mexico. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Surface & Interface Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Gu, ZH (reprint author), Surface Opt Corp, 11555 Rancho Bernardo Rd, San Diego, CA 92127 USA. EM aamaradu@uci.edu NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 13 BP 1605 EP 1607 DI 10.1364/OL.30.001605 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 941CT UT WOS:000230193000003 PM 16075511 ER PT J AU Lehman, RA Vaccaro, AR Bertagnoli, R Kuklo, TR AF Lehman, RA Vaccaro, AR Bertagnoli, R Kuklo, TR TI Standard and minimally invasive approaches to the spine SO ORTHOPEDIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION; ANTERIOR CERVICAL FUSION; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; POSTERIOR APPROACH; LAMINOPLASTY; MYELOPATHY; SURGERY AB With the advent of minimally invasive surgical approaches to the spine, the ability to adequately expose the desired anatomic structures while minimizing the disadvantages of excessive soft tissue stripping, dissection, and prolonged retraction has become increasingly popular. A minimally invasive one- or two-level posterior exposure of the spine is now safely attainable with the latest minimal-access systems that exploit the biomechanics of an adjustable blade retractor. As the clinical use of these developing systems escalates, more outcomes data will become available to determine the safety and value of these minimally invasive procedures. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Orthoped Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Rothman Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. St Elisabeth Klinikum, Spine Ctr, D-94315 Straubing, Germany. RP Vaccaro, AR (reprint author), Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Orthoped Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. EM alexvaccaro3@aol.com NR 25 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-5898 J9 ORTHOP CLIN N AM JI Orthop. Clin. North Am. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 36 IS 3 BP 281 EP + DI 10.1016/j.ocl.2005.02.012 PG 13 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 944DQ UT WOS:000230406300005 PM 15950688 ER PT J AU Littlefield, PD Hall, DJ Holtel, MR AF Littlefield, PD Hall, DJ Holtel, MR TI Radiofrequency excision versus monopolar electrosurgical excision for tonsillectomy SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NAPCRG Conference 2003 CY NOV 25-28, 2003 CL Banff, CANADA SP NAPCRG, Univ Wisconsin Med Sch, Dept Family Med, Amer Acad Family Phys ID COBLATION TONSILLECTOMY; POSTOPERATIVE HEMORRHAGE; ABLATION AB OBJECTIVE: We previously compared radiofrequency (Evac) tonsillotomy with monopolar electrosurgical (Bovie) tonsillectomy and showed significantly less pain with the Evac. Tonsillotomy leaves a cuff of tonsil behind, the significance of which is unknown. We hypothesize that Evac tonsillectomy also is less painful than Bovie tonsillectomy. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We compared Evac (ENTec Evac 70; ArthroCare, Sunnyvale, CA) and Bovie tonsillectomy in a prospective, blinded fashion. Each participant had I tonsil removed by each device. We recorded, by side, the surgical time, blood loss, operative difficulty, pain (postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14), and the side that each patient preferred. RESULTS: Data were analyzed for 17 patients. They reported significantly less pain with the Evac (P < 0.036, F = 5.87). The Evac was preferred by 12 of 14 patients. CONCLUSION: Evac tonsillectomy is significantly less painful than Bovie tonsillectomy. Patients blinded to treatment preferred the Evac technique. SIGNIFICANCE: The Evac device decreases postoperative pain. (c) 2005 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Littlefield, PD (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM philip.littlefield@kor.amedd.army.mil OI Littlefield, Philip/0000-0002-1890-2278 NR 10 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 133 IS 1 BP 51 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2005.02.013 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 944DT UT WOS:000230406600010 PM 16025052 ER PT J AU Braun, L Craft, D Williams, R Tuamokumo, F Ottolini, M AF Braun, L Craft, D Williams, R Tuamokumo, F Ottolini, M TI Increasing clindamycin resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 57 northeast United States military treatment facilities SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE community-acquired; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus; clindamycin; double disk diffusion test; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ID RISK-FACTORS; COMMUNITY; CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; ERYTHROMYCIN AB Background: Increasing community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has led many to use clindamycin for CA-MRSA disease, whereas others suggest caution because of inducible clindamycin resistance and rely on drugs such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Aim: To analyze the change in antibiotic susceptibility pattern of S. aureus isolates from 2001 to 2004 in a closed health care system, a period during which clindamycin and TMP-SMX use increased 99 and 62%, respectively. Methods: S. aureus cultures from 57 military hospitals and clinics from 2001 2002 and 2003-2004 were compared for body site and antibiotic sensitivity, particularly the potentially inducible clindamycin-susceptible erythromycin-resistant pattern. A portion was evaluated by a double disk diffusion test (D test). Results: Numbers of S. aureus-positive cultures obtained from "wound" sites rose significantly in both pediatric (138 to 215, P < 0.001) and adult (715 to 972, P < 0.001) isolates, with a rise in MRSA in children (6 of 138 to 60 of 215, P < 0.001) and in adults (161 of 715 to 324 of 972, P < 0.001). Clindamycin resistance increased among pediatric S. aureus isolates (1 of 207 to 13 of 327, P < 0.05), whereas > 96% remained TMP-SMX-susceptible. Five methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), 2 MRSA of 41 pediatric and 36 MSSA, 43 MRSA of 437 adult S. aureus specimens were D test-positive. Conclusions: In late 2004, most S. aurelis from our region are still P-lactam-susceptible. Most of the MRSA are still susceptible to clindamycin and do not appear to have inducible resistance. We must closely monitor the rates of constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistance as well as consider treatment alternatives that may slow the rate of clindamycin resistance. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Informat Technol Dept, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Braun, L (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM Lorance.braun@na.amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 7 BP 622 EP 626 DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000171175.76673.64 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 946WO UT WOS:000230604200009 PM 15999004 ER PT J AU Cieslak, TJ Rajnik, M AF Cieslak, TJ Rajnik, M TI Fetal breech presentation predisposes to subsequent development of septic arthritis of the hip SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY SEP 30-OCT 03, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer AB We postulated a link between breech presentation and septic arthritis of the hip. To examine the potential association between these 2 relatively uncommon entities, we used the Patient Administration Systems and Biostatistics Activity (PASBA) database, which contains coded information derived from hospitalizations and ambulatory encounters at U.S. military hospitals worldwide. Among a cohort of nearly 1 million infants born in a 14-year period, 3.37% were found to be in the breech presentation. The rate of septic arthritis of the hip or pelvis during the first year of life among these breech infants was similar to 1/8000, providing a relative risk of 4.1 (95% confidence interval, < 1.4 -11.7) compared with the rate among nonbreech infants. Fetal breech presentation predisposes to the development of septic hip during the first year of life. Accepted for publication January 27, 2005. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cieslak, TJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Ted.Cieslak@amedd.army.mil NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 7 BP 650 EP 652 DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000168551.56027.3f PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 946WO UT WOS:000230604200018 PM 15999013 ER PT J AU Clark, MG Sun, W Myers, TM Bansal, R Doctor, BP Saxena, A AF Clark, MG Sun, W Myers, TM Bansal, R Doctor, BP Saxena, A TI Effects of physostigmine and human butyrylcholinesterase on acoustic startle reflex and prepulse inhibition in C57BL/6J mice SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE cholinesterase; butyrylcholinesterase; acoustic startle reflex; prepulse inhibition; physostigmine; chemical warfare nerve agents; prophylaxis ID HUMAN SERUM BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; RHESUS-MONKEYS; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE PROPHYLAXIS; GUINEA-PIGS; HALF-LIFE; PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE; PRETREATMENT DRUGS; NERVE AGENTS; RAT-BRAIN; SOMAN AB The use of exogenously administered cholinesterases as bioscavengers of highly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents is a viable prophylactic against this threat. To use this strategy, cholinesterases must provide protection without disrupting behavior when administered alone. To assess behavioral safety, the acoustic startle reflex and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of C57BL/6J mice were investigated following administration of human plasma-derived butyrylcholinesterase (HuBChE). Two hours before testing, four groups of mice (n = 10 per group) were pretreated with saline or HuBChE (2000 U, ip). Fifteen minutes before testing, subjects received either saline or the carbamate physostigmine (0.4 mg/kg, sc). Mice exposed to physostigmine exhibited a significant attenuation of the startle reflex, an increased time to peak startle amplitude, and significantly increased PPI. This effect was partially mitigated in mice pretreated with HuBChE. HuBChE alone did not change startle behavior or PPI significantly compared to saline controls. The circulatory time-course of butyrylcholinesterase was assessed in a separate group of mice and revealed levels approximately 600 times the physiological norm 2-4 h post administration. Thus, HuBChE does not appear to significantly alter startle or PPI behavior at a dose 30-fold higher than that estimated to be necessary for protection against 2LD(50) of soman in humans. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Clark, MG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM matthew.clark@us.army.mil; ashima.saxena@na.amedd.army.mil NR 53 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 81 IS 3 BP 497 EP 505 DI 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.04.006 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 951ZH UT WOS:000230970400010 PM 15913750 ER PT J AU Chan, ASY Wertheim, GK Wang, H Ulrich, MD Rowe, JE Madey, TE AF Chan, ASY Wertheim, GK Wang, H Ulrich, MD Rowe, JE Madey, TE TI Surface atom core-level shifts of clean and oxygen-covered Re(1231) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BINDING-ENERGY SHIFTS; PHOTOEMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; POLYCRYSTALLINE RHENIUM; BULK ATOMS; Z LESS; ELEMENTS; W(111); METAL; OXIDATION; TA(111) AB The 4f photoemission spectra of atomically rough Re(12 (3) over bar1) have been measured using synchrotron radiation. A surface core level shift of 0.17 eV towards higher binding energy than the bulk is obtained, and is supported by measurements at different photon energies and emission angles. This surface shift is suppressed upon oxygen adsorption, whereupon new O-induced surface features emerge that are attributed to Re atoms directly coordinated to different numbers of O adatoms. C1 Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Surface Modificat Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Woodland Consulting, Morristown, NJ 07960 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Phys, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Chan, ASY (reprint author), UOP LLC, 25 E Algonquin Rd, Des Plaines, IL 60017 USA. RI Wang, Hao/G-6937-2014 OI Wang, Hao/0000-0002-4858-8195 NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 3 AR 035442 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.035442 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 950WU UT WOS:000230890200186 ER PT J AU Mobley, J Waters, KR Miller, JG AF Mobley, J Waters, KR Miller, JG TI Causal determination of acoustic group velocity and frequency derivative of attenuation with finite-bandwidth Kramers-Kronig relations SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID ULTRASONIC-ATTENUATION; POWER-LAW; DISPERSION; SUSPENSIONS; COEFFICIENT AB Kramers-Kronig (KK) analyses of experimental data are complicated by the extrapolation problem, that is, how the unexamined spectral bands impact KK calculations. This work demonstrates the causal linkages in resonant-type data provided by acoustic KK relations for the group velocity (c(g)) and the derivative of the attenuation coefficient (alpha(')) (components of the derivative of the acoustic complex wave number) without extrapolation or unmeasured parameters. These relations provide stricter tests of causal consistency relative to previously established KK relations for the phase velocity (c(p)) and attenuation coefficient (alpha) (components of the undifferentiated acoustic wave number) due to their shape invariance with respect to subtraction constants. For both the group velocity and attenuation derivative, three forms of the relations are derived. These relations are equivalent for bandwidths covering the entire infinite spectrum, but differ when restricted to bandlimited spectra. Using experimental data from suspensions of elastic spheres in saline, the accuracy of finite-bandwidth KK predictions for c(g) and alpha(') is demonstrated. Of the multiple methods, the most accurate were found to be those whose integrals were expressed only in terms of the phase velocity and attenuation coefficient themselves, requiring no differentiated quantities. C1 USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NIST, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Lab Ultrason, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Mobley, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R37 HL40302, R01 HL72761] NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 2005 VL 72 IS 1 AR 016604 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.016604 PN 2 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 950VS UT WOS:000230887100082 PM 16090104 ER PT J AU Rueda, LM Wilkerson, RC Li, C AF Rueda, LM Wilkerson, RC Li, C TI Anopheles (Anopheles) lesteri baisas and Hu (Diptera : Culicidae): Neotype designation and description SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Anopheles lesteri; Culicidae; taxonomy; description; neotype; mosquitoes; malaria ID REPUBLIC-OF-KOREA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DNA ITS2 SEQUENCES; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; SINENSIS DIPTERA; HENAN PROVINCE; VIVAX MALARIA; CHINA; IDENTIFICATION; VECTORS AB The Asian malaria vector, Anopheles (Anopheles) lesteri Baisas and Hu, 1936, is described with illustrations of the larval and pupal stages, adult female, and the male genitalia. Taxonomic and related literature records, diagnostic features, distribution, rDNA ITS2 sequence, bionomics, and medical importance of An. lesteri are included. A neotype female for the species from near the original type locality in Luzon, Philippines, is designated. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Rueda, LM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM ruedapol@si.edu; wilkerson@si.edu; licong@si.edu NR 74 TC 9 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 107 IS 3 BP 604 EP 622 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 942JC UT WOS:000230277700015 ER PT J AU Swietnicki, W Powell, BS Goodin, J AF Swietnicki, W Powell, BS Goodin, J TI Yersinia pestis Yop secretion protein F: Purification, characterization, and protective efficacy against bubonic plague SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; type III secretion; YscF; YscF; vaccine ID V-ANTIGEN; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; FUSION PEPTIDE; III SECRETION; FRACTION I; EXPRESSION; VACCINE; LCRV AB Yersinia pestis is a gram-negative human pathogen that uses a type III secretion system to deliver virulence factors into human hosts. The delivery is contact-dependent and it has been proposed that polymerization of Yop secretion protein F (YscF) is used to puncture mammalian cell membranes to facilitate delivery of Yersinia outer protein effectors into host cells. To evaluate the potential immunogenicity and protective efficacy of YscF against Y pestis, we used a purified recombinant YscF protein as it potential vaccine candidate in a mouse subcutaneous infection model. YscF was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli by immobilized metalion affinity chromatography and protein identity was confirmed by ion trap mass spectrometry. The recombinant protein was highly alpha-helical and formed relatively stable aggregates under physiological conditions. The properties were consistent with behavior expected for the native YscF, suggesting that the antigen was properly folded. Ten mice were inoculated subcutaneously. administered booster injections after one month, and challenged with 130 LD50, of wild type K pestis CO92. Six animals in the vaccinated group but none in the control group survived the challenge. The vaccinated animals produced high levels of specific antibodies against YscF as determined by Western blot. The data were statistically significant (P= 0.053 by two-tailed Fisher's test ), suggesting that the YscF protein can provide a protective immune response against lethal plague challenge during subcutaneous plague infection. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Swietnicki, W (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM wes.swietnicki@amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 42 IS 1 BP 166 EP 172 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2005.02.016 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 937HP UT WOS:000229915500022 PM 15939303 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK Dheranetra, W Nichols, DA Gupta, RK AF Bhattacharjee, AK Dheranetra, W Nichols, DA Gupta, RK TI 3D pharmacophore model for insect repellent activity and discovery of new repellent candidates SO QSAR & COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE 3D QSAR; pharmacophore; insect repellents ID N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE DEET ANALOGS; MOSQUITOS AB To better understand the mechanism of insect repellency and to identify new repellent candidates, we performed a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity (QSAR) study and. developed a pharmacophore model for potent repellent activity from a set of eleven known diverse insect repellent compounds by using the CATALYST 3D-QSAR methodology. The protection time for repellent activity of the compounds was taken from an earlier published study. The pharmacophore was found to have three hydrophobic sites (two aliphatic and one aromatic) and a hydrogen-bond acceptor site in specific locations in the three dimensional geometry of the molecules that are critical for potent repellent activity. The pharmacophore showed an excellent correlation (correlation = 0.9) between the experimental protection time afforded by the compounds in the training set and their predicted protection time. The validity of the pharmacophore model goes beyond the list in the training set and is found to map well on a variety of other insect repellents. By mapping this model on one of the more potent analogue we have generated a three-dimensional shape based template which allowed a search of our in-house compound database and discover four new potential insect repellent candidates. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Off Director, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bhattacharjee, AK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Med Chem, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM apurba.bhattacharjee@na.amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1611-020X J9 QSAR COMB SCI JI QSAR Comb. Sci. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 5 BP 593 EP 602 DI 10.1002/qsar.200430914 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 952YX UT WOS:000231043500002 ER PT J AU Zalis, ME Barish, MA Choi, JR Dachman, AH Fenlon, HM Ferrucci, JT Glick, SN Laghi, A Macari, M McFarland, EG Morrin, MM Pickhardt, PJ Soto, J Yee, J AF Zalis, ME Barish, MA Choi, JR Dachman, AH Fenlon, HM Ferrucci, JT Glick, SN Laghi, A Macari, M McFarland, EG Morrin, MM Pickhardt, PJ Soto, J Yee, J CA Working Grp Virtual Colonoscopy TI CT colonography reporting and data system: A consensus proposal SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC COLONOGRAPHY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY; ASYMPTOMATIC ADULTS; COLONIC POLYPS; FOLLOW-UP; SURVEILLANCE; NEOPLASIA; ADENOMA; LESIONS C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Chicago, Dept Radiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Mater Misericordiae Hosp, Dept Radiol, Dublin 7, Ireland. Boston Univ, Ctr Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Radiol Sci, Rome, Italy. NYU, Ctr Med, Dept Radiol, New York, NY USA. St Lukes Hosp, Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol, Dept Radiol, St Louis, MO USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Med, Dept Radiol, Madison, WI USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco VA Hosp, Ctr Med, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Zalis, ME (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol White 270, Div Abdominal Imaging & Intervent, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM mzalis@partners.org RI Morrin, Maureen/F-2010-2011; Laghi, Andrea/A-2343-2011; OI Laghi, Andrea/0000-0002-3091-7819; Soto, Jorge/0000-0003-2533-3015 NR 36 TC 338 Z9 345 U1 2 U2 9 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD JUL PY 2005 VL 236 IS 1 BP 3 EP 9 DI 10.1148/radiol.2361041926 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 937DR UT WOS:000229905300002 PM 15987959 ER PT J AU Tyrrell, CJ Payne, H See, WA McLeod, DG Wirth, MP Iversen, P Armstrong, J Morris, C AF Tyrrell, CJ Payne, H See, WA McLeod, DG Wirth, MP Iversen, P Armstrong, J Morris, C CA Casodex Early Prostate Canc Triali TI Bicalutamide ('Casodex') 150 mg as adjuvant to radiotherapy in patients with localised or locally advanced prostate cancer: Results from the randomised Early Prostate Cancer Programme SO RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE androgen antagonists; prostate cancer; radiotherapy; bicalutamide; adjuvant therapy ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; ANDROGEN SUPPRESSION; RADIATION-THERAPY; INDUCED GYNECOMASTIA; BEAM RADIOTHERAPY; STANDARD CARE; BREAST PAIN; FOLLOW-UP; MONOTHERAPY; CARCINOMA AB Background and purpose: The ongoing Early Prostate Cancer (EPC) programme is assessing bicalutamide ('Casodex') 150 mg, either alone or as adjuvant to treatment of curative intent, in patients with localised or locally advanced prostate cancer (n=8113). This paper presents an exploratory analysis of the subgroup of the EPC programme who received radiotherapy with curative intent (n=1370) in order to determine the efficacy (in terms of progression-free survival [PFS]) and tolerability of bicalutamide 150 mg in this setting. Patients and methods: 1370 patients with T1-4, M0, any N prostate cancer received bicalutamide 150 mg or placebo adjuvant to radiotherapy of curative intent. This analysis was undertaken at median 5.3 years' follow-up. Results: In patients with locally advanced disease (n=305), bicalutamide adjuvant to radiotherapy significantly increased PFS by 53% (event-time ratio 1.53; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.16, 2.02) compared with placebo and reduced the risk of disease progression by 42% (hazard ratio [HR] 0.58; 95% CI 0.41, 0.84; P=0.00348). In these patients, objective progression was experienced by 33.5% of those randomised to bicalutamide versus 48.6% for those randomised to placebo. The between-group difference in patients with localised disease (n=1065) failed to reach statistical significance (HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.62, 1.03; P=0.088). The most common adverse events were breast pain (74.8%) and gynaecomastia (66.6%), which were mild to moderate in >90% of cases. Conclusions: Bicalutamide 150 mg/day given as adjuvant to radiotherapy significantly improved PFS in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer. For patients with localised disease, the results at this stage from the radiotherapy subgroup and the overall EPC programme suggest that adjuvant hormonal therapy is currently not appropriate. There were no unexpected tolerability findings. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Derriford Hosp, Plymouth PL6 8DH, Devon, England. Middlesex Hosp, London, England. Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tech Univ Dresden, Dept Urol, Dresden, Germany. Rigshosp, Dept Urol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. RP Tyrrell, CJ (reprint author), Derriford Hosp, Derriford Rd, Plymouth PL6 8DH, Devon, England. EM chris.tyrrell@phnt.swest.nhs.uk NR 22 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0167-8140 J9 RADIOTHER ONCOL JI Radiother. Oncol. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 76 IS 1 BP 4 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.radonc.2005.06.005 PG 7 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 957ZD UT WOS:000231411200002 PM 16145740 ER PT J AU Fehmi, JS Russo, SE Bartolome, JW AF Fehmi, JS Russo, SE Bartolome, JW TI The effects of livestock on California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyii) SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cattle grazing; California grasslands; oak savanna; burrow patterns ID SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA; PERENNIAL GRASSES; DESERT RODENT; PRAIRIE DOGS; IMPACT; VEGETATION; GRASSLAND; DIVERSITY; PREDATION; RESPONSES AB Understanding the impacts of livestock grazing on wildlands is important for making appropriate ecosystem management decisions. Using livestock exclosures, we examined the effects of moderate cattle grazing on the abundance of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyii Richardson) and the spatial distribution of active burrows within their colonies in grassland and blue oak (Quercus douglasii Hook. & Arn.) savanna habitats in the coastal range of California over a 3-year period (1991-1994). Overall, relative population densities of California ground squirrels declined significantly throughout the experiment, but did not differ between grazed and ungrazed colonies or between habitats. There was also no significant interaction between these 2 factors. The spatial distribution of burrows, as measured by the mean nearest neighbor distance of active entrances within a colony, did not differ significantly between grazed and ungrazed colonies or between habitats, nor was the interaction significant. Thus, low to moderate levels of cattle grazing did not appear to have a strong effect on the population dynamics of California ground squirrels, and grazing may be compatible with maintenance of ground squirrel populations. Based on multivariate analysis of variance of 1994 data, live plant cover, native plant cover, and standing biomass were lower where the number of burrows was higher on grazed colonies but were little affected on ungrazed colonies. Ground squirrels may increase the impact of livestock grazing and thus reduce the capacity of the land to support other activities. However, it is clear that the effects of livestock grazing are complex and that detailed studies of potential mechanisms by which grazing impacts California ground squirrel populations are necessary. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, ESPM Dept, Div Ecosyst Sci, Berkeley, CA 95723 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Mil Lands Program, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. Harvard Univ, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Arnold Arboretum Asia Program, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Bartolome, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, ESPM Dept, Div Ecosyst Sci, 151 Hilgard Hall, Berkeley, CA 95723 USA. EM jwbart@nature.berkeley.edu NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 14 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 58 IS 4 BP 352 EP 359 DI 10.2111/1551-5028(2005)058[0352:TEOLOC]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 949PB UT WOS:000230799500004 ER PT J AU Buckenmaier, CC AF Buckenmaier, CC TI The lower the indications, the higher the complications - Reply SO REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Reg Anesthesia & Pain Management Initiat, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Buckenmaier, CC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Reg Anesthesia & Pain Management Initiat, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Buckenmaier III, Chester/0000-0003-3623-5525 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1098-7339 J9 REGION ANESTH PAIN M JI Region. Anesth. Pain Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 30 IS 4 BP 413 EP 414 DI 10.1016/j.rapm.2005.05.003 PG 2 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 948HD UT WOS:000230705800021 ER PT J AU Gama, BA Islam, SMW Rahman, M Gillespie, JW Bogetti, TA Cheeseman, BA Yen, CF Hoppel, CPR AF Gama, BA Islam, SMW Rahman, M Gillespie, JW Bogetti, TA Cheeseman, BA Yen, CF Hoppel, CPR TI Punch shear behavior of thick-section composites under quasi-static, low velocity, and ballistic impact loading SO SAMPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PENETRATION; PERFORATION AB Composite materials can absorb energy from transverse impact load through their unique damage mechanisms, e.g., matrix cracking, compression-shear, and tension-shear. Ballistic resistance of thick-section composites has been investigated under clamped boundary condition. The only data obtained from ballistic impact experiments is the impact-residual velocity pairs, which can be used to determine the ballistic limit velocity and total energy absorbed by the composite plate. A quasi-static punch-shear test (QS-PST) methodology and empirical models for data analysis have been developed to quantify the energy-absorbing damage mechanisms as a function of punch displacement. Most damage mechanisms usually seen in ballistic experiments have been observed in the QS-PST However, the QS-PST experiment alone can not explain the ballistic impact phenomenon. This is why; low-velocity impact (LVI) experiments have been conducted at an impact velocity of 4.7 m/s. Comparing the QS-PST data with the LVI-PST data and contrasting those with Ballistic-PST data, a phenomenological model has been developed to predict the ballistic impact and penetration behavior of thick-section composites. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Labs, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Gama, BA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM gama@ccm.udel.edu NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA SN 0091-1062 J9 SAMPE J JI Sampe J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 41 IS 4 BP 6 EP 13 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 943UM UT WOS:000230380100002 ER PT J AU Bruttig, SP O'Benar, JD Wade, CE Dubick, MA AF Bruttig, SP O'Benar, JD Wade, CE Dubick, MA TI Benefit of slow infusion of hypertonic saline/dextran in swine with uncontrolled aortotomy hemorrhage SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE hemorrhagic shock; fluid resuscitation; pigs ID 7.5-PERCENT NACL/6-PERCENT DEXTRAN-70; SALINE DEXTRAN; FLUID RESUSCITATION; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; 6-PERCENT DEXTRAN-70; VOLUME RESUSCITATION; ANESTHETIZED SWINE; CONSCIOUS SWINE; TRAUMA PATIENTS; SHOCK AB In laboratory models of uncontrolled hemorrhage, immediate resuscitation from hemorrhage is associated with high mortality. However, in clinical practice, resuscitation is often delayed and the rate of fluid administration is limited. We hypothesized that a slow rate of infusion after delayed resuscitation, reflecting the clinical environment, might improve survival in the presence of uncontrolled hemorrhage. To investigate the rate of administration in the presence of delayed resuscitation, we subjected anesthetized swine weighing 35 to 45 kg to wire suture abdominal aortotomy that resulted in an uncontrolled hemorrhage. After a 30-min delay, hemorrhaged swine were infused i.v. with 4 mL/kg hypertonic saline/Dextran solution (7.5% saline in 6% Dextran 70) administered as a bolus over 1 min or as a slow infusion over 12 min (the time period to administer a similar volume to a human with a gravity feed i.v. and an 18-gauge needle) and were then monitored for another 90 min. Survival increased to 78% (seven of nine) in the slow infusion group compared with a survival rate of 56% (five of nine) in the bolus group and 50% (7/14) in the untreated controls. Blood loss was significantly higher in the bolus group (926 +/- 77 mL) compared with the slow infusion (714 +/- 83 mL) and control groups (604 46 mL). Hypertonic saline/Dextran administered slowly significantly increased cardiac output and blood pressure. Taken together, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that resuscitation solutions can be effective for treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhage when administered at a slow infusion rate 30 min after the insult. C1 US Army Inst Surg Res, Mech Trauma Res Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. US Army Med Res & Mat Command, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, Frederick, MD USA. RP Wade, CE (reprint author), US Army Inst Surg Res, Mech Trauma Res Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM charles.wade@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUL PY 2005 VL 24 IS 1 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1097/01.shk.0000168872.37660.d2 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 942BI UT WOS:000230257500015 PM 15988326 ER PT J AU Miller, NL Shattuck, LG AF Miller, NL Shattuck, LG TI Sleep patterns of young men and women enrolled at the United States Military Academy: Results from year 1 of a 4-year longitudinal study SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; actigraphy; adolescent sleep patterns ID DOSE-RESPONSE; CONSOLIDATION; RESTRICTION; PERFORMANCE; ADOLESCENTS; QUALITY; MEMORY AB Study Objectives: Sleep patterns of young adults are different from those of other age groups.. This study examined sleep patterns of cadets during their first year at the United States Military Academy. Design: This paper presents initial results of a 4-year longitudinal investigation into sleep patterns of college-age men and women. Setting: Data were collected at the United States Military Academy, a 4-year undergraduate institution that develops men and women in 4 areas: intellectual, physical, military, and moral-ethical. Participants: Survey data were obtained from all members of the Class of 2007 (N-1300), who ranged in age from 17 to 22 years. A stratified sample (n = 80) was selected to wear wrist-activity monitors. An additional 40 members of the junior and senior classes participated in the summer portion of the study. Measurements and Results: Sleep patterns prior to entering the United States Military Academy were compared with patterns during cadet basic training and fall and spring semesters. Actigraphy data were recorded on a sample of the class (n = 80) for 50 days during cadet basic training and 30 days during fall and spring semesters. During cadet basic training, incoming cadets received 5 hours 40 minutes of sleep per night. During fall 2003 semester, these same cadets received 4 hours 50 minutes of sleep on school nights and 6 hours 32 minutes on weekends, Sleep received during spring 2004 semester was similar, with 5 hours 06 minutes on school nights and 6 hours 29 minutes on weekends. Conclusions: This first year of baseline data collection describes cadet sleep patterns and sets the stage to assess the effectiveness of follow-on interventions. C1 Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Shattuck, LG (reprint author), 80A Partridge Pl, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM larry-shattuck@usma.edu NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD JUL 1 PY 2005 VL 28 IS 7 BP 837 EP 841 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 945KP UT WOS:000230501700011 PM 16124662 ER PT J AU Dontsova, KM Bigham, JM AF Dontsova, KM Bigham, JM TI Anionic polysaccharide sorption by clay minerals SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; SURFACE-AREA; MONTMORILLONITE; CARBON; ADSORPTION; TURNOVER; PRESERVATION; FRACTIONS; TROPICS; MODELS AB An influence of clay mineral composition on C turnover in surface soils is widely assumed but poorly documented. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of various clay minerals on polysaccharide sorption under different environmental conditions, including fill, ionic strength, and cation type. Xanthan, an anionic polysaccharide produced by Xanthomonas campestris, was used to represent soil microbial exopolysaccharides. Highly significant effects (P > F < 0.0001) were observed for type of day mineral, pH, xanthan concentration, and electrolyte concentration. Sorption decreased with increase in pH from 3 to 8, consistent with an increase in the negative charge of both the clay surface and xanthan molecules. The presence of 10 mmol L-1 Ca(NO3)(2) made sorption possible at pH values above the pKa of xanthan. Divalent cations (Sr2+, Ca2+, and Mg2+) enhanced sorption to a greater degree than monovalent cations (K+, Na+, and Li+) at the same ionic strength, indicating that cations participated in the binding of xanthan to clay surfaces. Generally, sorption was smallest with kaolinite and greatest with a low-charge (0.62 e layer charge per unit cell) smectite where layer charge originated mostly in the tetrahedral positions. Average sorption was two times greater for smectite than for kaolinite, indicating that clay mineral composition influenced polysaccharide sorption; however, contributions may not be significant on a field scale. C1 Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USA, Eng Res & Dev Cent, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Dontsova, KM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Kateryna.Dontsova@gmail.com NR 52 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2005 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1026 EP 1035 DI 10.2136/sssaj2004.0203 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 949BQ UT WOS:000230760300008 ER PT J AU Rossettos, JN Godfrey, TA AF Rossettos, JN Godfrey, TA TI A micromechanical model for slit-damaged braided fabric air-beams SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLAIN WEAVE FABRICS; ONSET AB A micromechanical model has been developed that will allow the study of a slit-damaged braided fabric air-beam structure. As such, the relevant system of non-dimensional ordinary differential equations is derived and solutions are given for the stress concentration near the broken yarns. This knowledge will contribute to the prediction of damage growth and the ability to compare different fabric materials for their damage tolerance. A simplification of the analysis has been shown to be possible when a parameter, e, the ratio of yam tensions due to inflation to the yarn stiffness is small, approaching zero. In such a case, the equations for the braided fabric can be reduced to those of the plain weave fabric, so that the stress concentrations are the same as those for woven fabrics. As it turns out, an important result of the present analysis is that the stress concentration factor is, in fact, independent of the parameter, e, and the helix angle of the braided fabrics. This means that much of what has been learned in the study of damage in woven fabrics can be used for braided fabrics. C1 Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. US Army Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Solidier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Rossettos, JN (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM jross@coe.neu.edu NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU TEXTILE RESEARCH INST PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 625, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 75 IS 7 BP 562 EP 568 DI 10.1177/0040517505056873 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 974RG UT WOS:000232608500007 ER PT J AU Wertheimer, RH Evans, AF AF Wertheimer, RH Evans, AF TI Downstream passage of steelhead kelts through hydroelectric dams on the Lower Snake and Columbia Rivers SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LIFE-HISTORY CHARACTERISTICS; JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; LOWER GRANITE DAM; ATLANTIC SALMON; ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; HYDROPOWER SYSTEM; PACIFIC SALMON; AMERICAN SHAD; SURVIVAL; FISH AB After spawning, iteroparous steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from the Columbia River basin must navigate several hydroelectric dams on their way to the Pacific Ocean. We used radiotelemetry to investigate migration rates, downstream passage routes, and Success of adult steelhead kelts migrating past lower Snake River and Columbia River dams during the springs of 2001 and 2002. Seaward-migrating kelts were collected, radio-tagged, and volitionally released from the juvenile bypass facilities at Lower Granite Dam (LGR) on the Snake River and at McNary Dam (McN) and John Day Dam (JDD) on the Columbia River. Migration success rates from LGR to the study area exit (8 km east of Portland, Oregon) were poorer during the low-flow nonspill conditions of 2001 (4.1%) than in the more typical flow year of 2002 (15.6%). Kelts tagged and released at Columbia River dams had substantially higher migration success than those released on the Snake River; 59.6% and 62.3% of the kelts released at McN and 63.6% and 80.0% of those released at JDD were contacted at the study area exit during 2001 and 2002, respectively. Kelt dam passage was predominately via spillways and surface flow routes, and during periods of spill 90.0% or more kelts typically passed via nonturbine routes. Only 47.2% of kelts were guided out of turbine intakes by screen systems during nonspill periods. Turbine passage, the primary alternative route during nonspill periods, may be a substantial source of kelt mortality. The poor migration success rate of Snake River kelts in both 2001 and 2002 suggests that additional management (i.e., kelt reconditioning, transportation, or both) may be warranted to boost iteroparity rates in this population. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Fisheries Field Unit, Cascade Locks, OR 97014 USA. Real Time Res Inc, Bend, OR 97701 USA. RP Wertheimer, RH (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Fisheries Field Unit, Cascade Locks, OR 97014 USA. EM robert.h.wertheimer@usace.army.mil NR 58 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD JUL PY 2005 VL 134 IS 4 BP 853 EP 865 DI 10.1577/T04-219.1 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 944FK UT WOS:000230411700006 ER PT J AU Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Wade, CE Holcomb, JB TI Endpoints in clinical trials of fluid resuscitation of patients with traumatic injuries SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NATA Satellite Symposium CY 2004 CL Athens, GREECE SP NATA ID HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; DEXTRAN; SALINE; HYPOTENSION; MULTICENTER; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; EFFICACY C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Wade, CE (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM charles.wade@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2005 VL 45 IS 1 SU S BP 4S EP 8S DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.00156.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 943AG UT WOS:000230323400003 PM 15989685 ER PT J AU Dempsey, PJ Certo, JM Morales, W AF Dempsey, PJ Certo, JM Morales, W TI Current status of hybrid bearing damage detection SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 60th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Tribologists-and-Lubrication-Engineers CY MAY 15-19, 2005 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Soc Tribol & Lubricat Engineers DE condition monitoring; wear particles; ceramic bearings AB Advances in material development and processing have led to the introduction of ceramic hybrid bearings for many applications. The introduction of silicon nitride hybrid bearings into the high-pressure oxidizer turbopump on the space shuttle main engine led NASA to solve a highly persistent and troublesome bearing problem. Hybrid bearings consist of ceramic balls and steel races. The majority of hybrid bearings utilize Si3N4 balls. The aerospace industry is currently studying the use of hybrid bearings and, naturally, the failure modes of these bearings become an issue in light of the limited data available. In today's turbine engines and helicopter transmissions, the health of the bearings is detected by the properties of the debris found in the lubrication line when damage begins to occur. Current oil debris sensor technology relies on the magnetic properties of the debris to detect damage. Because the ceramic rolling elements of hybrid bearings have no metallic properties, a new sensing system must be developed to indicate the system health if ceramic components are to be safely implemented in aerospace applications. The ceramic oil debris sensor must be capable of detecting ceramic and metallic component damage with sufficient reliability and forewarning to prevent a catastrophic failure. The objective of this research is to provide a background summary on what is currently known about hybrid bearing failure modes and to report preliminary results on the detection of silicon nitride debris in oil using a commercial particle counter. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, USA Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Dempsey, PJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, USA Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PD JUL-SEP PY 2005 VL 48 IS 3 BP 370 EP 376 DI 10.1080/05698190591008568 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 965EG UT WOS:000231932400016 ER PT J AU Liu, ZQ Chen, DC Bensmail, H AF Liu, ZQ Chen, DC Bensmail, H TI Gene expression data classification with kernel principal component analysis SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CANCER AB One important feature of the gene expression data is that the number of genes M far exceeds the number of samples N. Standard statistical methods do not work well when N < M. Development of new methodologies or modification of existing methodologies is needed for the analysis of the microarray data. In this paper, we propose a novel analysis procedure for classifying the gene expression data. This procedure involves dimension reduction using kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and classification with logistic regression (discrimination). KPCA is a generalization and nonlinear version of principal component analysis. The proposed algorithm was applied to five different gene expression datasets involving human tumor samples. Comparison with other popular classification methods such as support vector machines and neural networks shows that our algorithm is very promising in classifying gene expression data. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Bioinformat Cell, Frederick, MD 21703 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Stat, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Liu, ZQ (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Bioinformat Cell, 110 N Market St, Frederick, MD 21703 USA. EM liu@stat.ohio-state.edu NR 11 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1110-7243 J9 J BIOMED BIOTECHNOL JI J. Biomed. Biotechnol. PD JUN 30 PY 2005 IS 2 BP 155 EP 159 DI 10.1155/JBB.2005.155 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 984DH UT WOS:000233282200012 ER PT J AU Trakhtenberg, S Hangun-Balkir, Y Warner, JC Bruno, FF Kumar, J Nagarajan, R Samuelson, LA AF Trakhtenberg, S Hangun-Balkir, Y Warner, JC Bruno, FF Kumar, J Nagarajan, R Samuelson, LA TI Photo-cross-linked immobilization of polyelectrolytes for enzymatic construction of conductive nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SELECTIVE DEPOSITION; SOLUBLE POLYANILINE; POLYMERS; POLYMERIZATION; PEROXIDASE; WATER; POLYPYRROLE; HORSERADISH; TEMPLATE; SURFACES AB Horseradish peroxidase has been demonstrated to catalyze the oxidative polymerization of aniline to form conductive polyaniline. This process is facilitated by the presence of a macromolecular template with sulfonic acid groups that provide a unique environment for the formation of the conducting polymer, Here we report the use of a photo-cross-linkable thymine-based polymer with phenylsulfonate, groups as a templating substrate, This allows for an aqueous-based environmentally benign photopatterning of a conductive material. A description and results of this process are presented. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Green Chem, Sch Hlth & Environm, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. US Army Soldier & Biol Chem Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Warner, JC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Green Chem, Sch Hlth & Environm, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM John_Warner@uml.edu NR 37 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 29 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 25 BP 9100 EP 9104 DI 10.1021/ja042438v PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 938NR UT WOS:000230010600051 PM 15969588 ER PT J AU Xiao, XY Nagahara, LA Rawlett, AM Tao, NJ AF Xiao, XY Nagahara, LA Rawlett, AM Tao, NJ TI Electrochemical gate-controlled conductance of single oligo(phenylene ethynylene)s SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE DIFFERENTIAL RESISTANCE; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; MOLECULAR JUNCTIONS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; NANOMETER-SCALE; GOLD AB We have studied electron transport properties of unsubstituted oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) (1) and nitro-substituted OPE (2) covalently bound to two gold electrodes. The conductance values of single 1 and 2 are similar to 13 and similar to 6 nS, respectively. In addition to a decrease in the conductance, the presence of the nitro moiety leads to asymmetric I-V characteristics and a negative differential resistance-like (NDR-like) behavior. We have altered the nitro-substituted OPE by electrochemically reducing the nitro group and by varying the pH of the electrolyte. The conductance decreases linearly with the electron-withdrawing capability (i.e., Hammett substituent values) of the corresponding reduced species. In contrast, the conductance of 1 is independent of the pH and the electrode potential. C1 Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Arizona State Univ, Ctr Solid State Elect Res, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. Motorola Labs, Embedded Syst & Phys Sci Lab, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA. USA, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tao, NJ (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM nongjian.tao@asu.edu RI Tao, NJ/B-1628-2008 NR 56 TC 174 Z9 174 U1 4 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 29 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 25 BP 9235 EP 9240 DI 10.1021/ja050381m PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 938NR UT WOS:000230010600065 PM 15969602 ER PT J AU Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS AF Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS TI Noncovalent and nonspecific molecular interactions of polymers with multiwalled carbon nanotubes SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION; POLYMERIZATION; SOLUBILIZATION; STRENGTH; WATER AB Polymer composites containing variable amounts of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have been prepared using solution dispersion and melt-shear mixing. Various polymer composites with 1 wt % MWNTs have been found to dissolve homogeneously in organic solvents. The amount of polymer coated or wrapped MWNTs dissolved in the solution was quantified using UV-vis absorbance at 500 nm and the concentration ratio of [MWNTs](solution)/[MWNTs](composite) was close to 1. A nonspecific polymer adsorption through multiple-weak molecular interactions of CH groups with MWNTs in the composites has been identified through FTIR spectroscopy. The composites of polybutadiene with different wt % of MWNTs showed slight changes in the CH bending vibrations, indicating the presence of intermolecular CH-pi interactions. The dissolution of various polymer composites containing low concentration of MWNTs in organic solvents was attributed to polymer coating on the MWNTs via noncovalent and nonspecific CH-pi interactions. The dissolution of MWNTs in organic solvents using common polymers used in this study indicates that the coating or wrapping is a general phenomenon occurring between polymers and carbon nanotubes. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSL,WM,MA,APG, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Natl Chem Lab, Div Polymer Sci & Engn, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. RP Baskaran, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM baskaran@utk.edu RI Durairaj, Baskaran/C-3692-2009 OI Durairaj, Baskaran/0000-0002-6886-5604 NR 41 TC 228 Z9 235 U1 10 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD JUN 28 PY 2005 VL 17 IS 13 BP 3389 EP 3397 DI 10.1021/cm047866e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 939MB UT WOS:000230075800013 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC AF Majumdar, A Choi, KK Reno, JL Tsui, DC TI Voltage tunable superlattice infrared detector for mid- and long-wavelength detection SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTODETECTOR AB We have designed and fabricated a voltage tunable superlattice (SL) infrared photodetector where the detection wavelength switches from the 3-5 mu m midwavelength infrared (MWIR) range under negative bias to the 8-12 mu m long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) range under large positive bias. The structure consists of multiple periods of two different SLs that are separated by undoped blocking barriers on one side and heavily doped layers on the other side. The background-limited temperature with F/1.2 optics is 110 and 70 K for mid- and long-wavelength detection, respectively. This voltage tunable MWIR/LWIR detector has a performance comparable to those of one-color quantum-well infrared detectors designed for the respective wavelength ranges. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Majumdar, A (reprint author), Intel Corp, Mail Stop RA3-252,5200 NE Elam Young Pkwy, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA. EM amlan.majumdar@intel.com RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 26 AR 261110 DI 10.1063/1.977206 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 939RL UT WOS:000230090000010 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Greenland, P AF O'Malley, PG Greenland, P TI The annual physical - Are physicians and patients telling us something? SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID PRIMARY-CARE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM patrick.omalley@na.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 165 IS 12 BP 1333 EP 1334 DI 10.1001/archinte.165.12.1333 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 940BR UT WOS:000230119200001 PM 15983280 ER PT J AU Dedeian, K Shi, JM Shepherd, N Forsythe, E Morton, DC AF Dedeian, K Shi, JM Shepherd, N Forsythe, E Morton, DC TI Photophysical and electrochemical properties of heteroleptic tris-cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES; IR(III) COMPLEXES; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; ANCILLARY LIGANDS; PHOSPHORESCENCE; DIODES AB Mixed (difluoro)phenylpyridine/(difluoro)phenylpyrazole tris-cyclometalated iridium complexes were prepared in order to study the effect of fluorination and the pyridine/pyrazole ratio on the emission and electrochemical properties. Increasing fluorination and replacement of pyridine by pyrazole both leads to a widening of the HOMO-LUMO gap and generally leads to a blue shift in emission. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dedeian, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kdedeian@art.army.mil NR 19 TC 176 Z9 177 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 13 BP 4445 EP 4447 DI 10.1021/ic050324u PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 938EM UT WOS:000229982700002 PM 15962944 ER PT J AU Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS AF Baskaran, D Mays, JW Bratcher, MS TI Polymer adsorption in the grafting reactions of hydroxyl terminal polymers with multi-walled carbon nanotubes SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE multi-walled carbon nanotubes; polymer grafting; non-covalent functionalization ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION; SURFACE; SOLUBILIZATION AB Melt stirring of non-functional polymers such as poly(ethylene oxide) dimethylether (PEO-Me) and polystyrene (PS-H) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in the absence of solvent for 48 h induced a substantial amount of polymer adsorption on the MWNTs. The chloroform extraction of the reaction products using centrifugation yielded black colored solutions exhibiting UV absorbance corresponding to the presence of MWNTs. The adsorption of polymer was confirmed on the surfaces of solvent washed residual and recovered MWNTs from the reactions using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and FT-IR spectroscopy. Covalent grafting reactions carried out using hydroxyl-terminated PEO-OH and PS-OH with acid chloride containing MWNTs under identical melt stirring condition produced similar results. The presence of polymer on the residual and recovered MWNTs irrespective of the nature of the terminal groups indicates that the adsorption of polymers poses a problem in accurately determining the grafting efficiency. FT IR spectra of the PEO-g-MWNTs shows a substantial shift in CH stretching vibrations indicating a plausible weak intermolecular interaction with pi electrons of the MWNTs. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL,WM,MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Baskaran, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM baskaran@utk.edu RI Durairaj, Baskaran/C-3692-2009 OI Durairaj, Baskaran/0000-0002-6886-5604 NR 24 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 27 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 14 BP 5050 EP 5057 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.04.012 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 937SJ UT WOS:000229945500009 ER PT J AU Jenkins, AL Bae, SY AF Jenkins, AL Bae, SY TI Molecularly imprinted polymers for chemical agent detection in multiple water matrices SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Workshop on Molecularly Imprinted Polmers CY OCT 12-15, 2004 CL Cardiff, WALES SP Welsh Sch Pharmacy, Cardiff Univ, Soc Mole Imprinting DE molecularly imprinted polymers; chemical agents; luminescence; detection ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PESTICIDE DETECTION; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; NERVE AGENTS; SENSOR; BIOSENSORS; RESIDUES; SOMAN; SARIN AB In the past few years concerns over the possibility of terrorist actions against domestic and military water supplies has become paramount. Antibodies, peptides, and enzymes have been used as molecular recognition elements in chemical sensors; however, such devices often have storage and operational stability issues that limits their success. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), have been successfully demonstrated an alternative in pesticide applications [A.L. Jenkins, R. Yin, J.J. Jensen, Analyst 126 (2001) 798-802]. The MIP materials possess selective molecular recognition properties that are comlementary to the analyte in the shape and positioning of functional groups. These polymers p have high selectivity and affinity constants while maintaining excellent thermal and mechanical stability. In this study, direct imprinting of chemical agents EA2192, VX, sarin, and soman (the "G" agents), was performed and the limits of detection calculated. The ability of these sensors to work in various water matrices including tap, deionized and reverse osmosis water with residual chlorine was also evaluated. Typical detection limits for these MIP sensors are approximately 50 ppt with wide linear dynamic ranges (ppt-ppm). Sensor response time is approximately 15 min. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Jasco Inc, Easton, MD 21601 USA. USA, Geoctr Inc, Edgewood Chem Biol Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jenkins, AL (reprint author), Jasco Inc, 8649 Commerce Dr, Easton, MD 21601 USA. EM ajenkins@jascoinc.com NR 23 TC 39 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 542 IS 1 BP 32 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2004.12.088 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 934OX UT WOS:000229719200006 ER PT J AU Hirvonen, JK Demaree, JD Marble, DK Conroy, P Leveritt, C Montgomery, J Bujanda, A AF Hirvonen, JK Demaree, JD Marble, DK Conroy, P Leveritt, C Montgomery, J Bujanda, A TI Gun barrel erosion studies utilizing ion beams SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Surface Modification of Materials by Ion Beams CY SEP 21-26, 2003 CL San Antonio, TX SP SW Res Inst DE ion beam analysis; C; N; diffusion AB Ion implantation and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) have been utilized as tools to study the migrational behavior of selected erosive light elements (C, N, H) in gun barrel materials. This study was initiated to help provide more quantitative data on light element migration to aid erosion modelers, help promote use of environmentally friendly protective coatings, and better understand erosion mechanisms caused by hot, high pressure, light element propellant gases interacting with the bore surfaces of gun barrels. H depth profile measurements showed concentrations up to several atomic percent (at.%) in gun barrel materials after firing.. Ion implanted C-13 marker layers were used in conjunction with NRA to measure the low temperature diffusion of C in gun barrel steel, electroplated Cr, and Ta (a candidate coating for gun barrel liners), following controlled thermal annealing. Ion beam analysis also showed unexpectedly high (similar to 8 at.%) N concentrations in the near surface (0-2-mu m depth) region of gun steel test nozzles exposed to test firings of high-N-containing propellants. This combustion-induced nitriding phenomena appear correlated with reduced erosion of these test nozzles, suggesting a competition between N and C interactions on gun steel surfaces. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Tarleton State Univ, Stephenville, TX USA. RP Hirvonen, JK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM hirvonen@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUN 22 PY 2005 VL 196 IS 1-3 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.218 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 929VV UT WOS:000229375600033 ER PT J AU Johnson, BD Smith, JM AF Johnson, BD Smith, JM TI Longshore current forcing by irregular waves SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID INCIDENT SEA WAVES; SURF-ZONE; NEARSHORE; BOTTOM; DISPERSION; TURBULENCE; BREAKING; STRESS; WIND AB [ 1] The terms in the wave-averaged depth-integrated alongshore momentum balance are populated with detailed measurements from a laboratory basin experiment. Obliquely incident irregular waves were generated in a large wave basin equipped with instruments to collect free surface elevation and velocity measurements over a sand beach. Pumps matched the wave-generated currents, and experimental evidence indicates that the equations can justifiably be simplified by assuming alongshore uniformity. While the use of data measured below the trough level is straightforward, the velocity field in the region near the surface is extrapolated from the measured positions and constrained by conservation of cross-shore mass flux. The role of the dispersive mixing mechanism due to depth-dependent currents is shown to be small but acts to shift the peak of the longshore velocity shoreward slightly. Radiation stresses are the primary forcing mechanism, and computed stresses based on measured wave-induced hydrodynamics are considerably smaller than the widely used linear representation, indicating that the small-amplitude assumption of linear theory is not appropriate in the surf zone. The time-averaged bottom shear stress remains as the primary balance to the gradient in alongshore momentum, and the inferred shear stress compares favorably with the values computed using the quadratic drag law and a spatially constant friction coefficient. C1 Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM bradley.d.johnson@erdc.usace.army.mil; jane.m.smith@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9275 EI 2169-9291 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN 21 PY 2005 VL 110 IS C6 AR C06006 DI 10.1029/2004JC002336 PG 14 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 940UI UT WOS:000230170600001 ER PT J AU Piehler, TN DeLucia, FC Munson, CA Homan, BE Miziolek, AW McNesby, KL AF Piehler, TN DeLucia, FC Munson, CA Homan, BE Miziolek, AW McNesby, KL TI Temporal evolution of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy spectrum of aluminum metal in different bath gases SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Meeting on Laser Applications to Chemical and Environment Analysis CY FEB 07-09, 2004 CL Annapolis, MD ID SINGLY-IONIZED ALUMINUM; INDUCED PLASMA; STARK WIDTHS; EMISSION; LINES; PARAMETERS; ABLATION; ALLOYS; SHIFTS AB The spectral emission of gas-phase aluminum and aluminum oxide was measured during and immediately after exposure of a bulk-aluminum sample to a laser-induced spark produced by a focused, pulsed laser beam (Nd:YAG, 10-ns pulse duration, 35 mJ/pulse, lambda = 1064 nm). The spectral emission was measured as a function of time after the onset of the laser pulse, and it was also measured in different bath gases (air, nitrogen, oxygen, and helium). (c) 2005 Optical Society of America C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM thnguyen@arl.army.mil RI Munson, Chase/H-1667-2012; De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 20 PY 2005 VL 44 IS 18 BP 3654 EP 3660 DI 10.1364/AO.44.003654 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA 938IC UT WOS:000229992100005 PM 15989039 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Hadjipanayis, AG Parker, MD AF Lee, JS Hadjipanayis, AG Parker, MD TI Viral vectors for use in the development of biodefense vaccines SO ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE vaccine; viral vectors; biodefense; bioterrorism ID VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT; VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN GENE; ANTHRAX SPORE CHALLENGE; SEMLIKI-FOREST-VIRUS; LASSA-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SINDBIS VIRUS; EBOLA-VIRUS AB The heightened concerns about bioterrorism, and the use of biowarfare agents have prompted substantial increased efforts towards the development of vaccines against a wide range of organisms, toxins, and viruses. An increasing variety of platforms and strategies have been analyzed for their potential as vaccines against these agents. DNA vectors, live-attenuated viruses and bacteria, recombinant proteins combined with adjuvant, and viral- or bacterial-vectored vaccines have been developed as countermeasures against many potential agents of bioterrorism or biowarfare. The use of viruses, for example adenovirus, vaccinia virus, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, as vaccine vectors has enabled researchers to develop effective means for countering the threat of bioterrorism and biowarfare. Art overview of the different viral vectors and the threats they counter will be discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick,1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM John.Lee@det.amedd.army.mil NR 115 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-409X J9 ADV DRUG DELIVER REV JI Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 57 IS 9 BP 1293 EP 1314 DI 10.1016/j.addr.2005.01.011 PG 22 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 939AH UT WOS:000230044000004 PM 15935875 ER PT J AU Dean, HJ Haynes, J Schmaljohn, C AF Dean, HJ Haynes, J Schmaljohn, C TI The role of particle-mediated DNA vaccines in biodefense preparedness SO ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE DNA vaccine; gene gun; epidermis; biodefense; Ebola; Marburg; Dengue; smallpox; tick-bome encephalitis; venezuelan equine encephalitis; hantavirus ID TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; T-CELL RESPONSES; NUCLEIC-ACID IMMUNIZATION; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENE GUN IMMUNIZATION; HEPATITIS-B-VACCINE; NEUTRALIZING MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; EXPRESSION-LIBRARY IMMUNIZATION; SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; TRANSFECTED DENDRITIC CELLS AB Particle-mediated epidermal delivery (PMED) of DNA vaccines is based on the acceleration of DNA-coated gold directly into the cytoplasm and nuclei of living cells of the epidermis, facilitating DNA delivery and gene expression. Professional antigen-presenting cells and keratinocytes in the skin are both targeted, resulting in antigen presentation via direct transfection and cross-priming mechanisms. Only a small number of cells need to be transfected to elicit Immoral, cellular and memory responses, requiring only a low DNA dose. In recent years, data have accumulated on the utility of PMED for delivery of DNA vaccines against a number of viral pathogens, including filoviruses, flaviviruses, poxviruses, togaviruses and bunyaviruses. PMED DNA immunization of rodents and nonhuman primates results in the generation of neutralizing antibody, cellular immunity, and protective efficacy against a broad range of viruses of public health concern. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 PowderJect Vaccines Inc, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Dean, HJ (reprint author), 8815 Valley View Rd, Verona, WI 53593 USA. EM hansidean@aol.com NR 202 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-409X J9 ADV DRUG DELIVER REV JI Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 57 IS 9 BP 1315 EP 1342 DI 10.1016/j.addr.2005.01.012 PG 28 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 939AH UT WOS:000230044000005 PM 15935876 ER PT J AU Byrd, W de Lorimier, A Zheng, ZR Cassels, FJ AF Byrd, W de Lorimier, A Zheng, ZR Cassels, FJ TI Microencapsulated subunit vaccine approach to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and other mucosal pathogens SO ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE subunit vaccines; ETEC; biodegradable microspheres; mucosal pathogens ID COLONIZATION FACTOR ANTIGENS; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS INFECTION; CONTROLLED-RELEASE VACCINES; EPITHELIAL M-CELLS; BIODEGRADABLE MICROSPHERES; ORAL IMMUNIZATION; POLY(LACTIDE-CO-GLYCOLIDE) MICROPARTICLES; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; PEYERS-PATCHES AB Infections of the intestinal, urogenital, and respiratory tracts are serious health problems worldwide from both a morbidity and mortality perspective. Mucosal pathogens attach to surfaces of mucosa as a prerequisite for colonization and subsequent pathogenesis. By expressing various surface adhesins (colonization factors, CF) they are able to bind to specific mucosal receptors. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) can express numerous CF that allow them to attach to a variety of hosts. Mucosal immunity directed against pathogenic microorganisms is critical in host protection with secretory IgA being particularly important in preventing microoganisms from colonizing host cells. M cells likewise have an important immunological function in the small intestines by binding and transporting antigens to lymphocytes and macrophages thus enhancing the immune response. The use of subunit vaccines, such as antigen encapsulated microspheres, can act to effectively deliver specific antigens so as to optimize their immunological response. With the threat of bioterrorism becoming a reality in recent years, the miroencapsulation of antigens from potential bioterrorist agents may be an effective method of delivery so as to induce a level of protection in at risk individuals. The encapsulation of ETEC colonization factors in microspheres and their subsequent administration in small animals and humans has been conducted for many years. Evidence suggests that this type of delivery system for ETEC antigens may enhance their immunogenicity and provide protection against this microorganism. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cassels, FJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM fred.cassels@na.amedd.army.mil NR 159 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-409X J9 ADV DRUG DELIVER REV JI Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. PD JUN 17 PY 2005 VL 57 IS 9 BP 1362 EP 1380 DI 10.1016/j.addr.2005.01.014 PG 19 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 939AH UT WOS:000230044000007 PM 15935878 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN AF Grujicic, M Cao, G Roy, WN TI Suitability of boron-nitride single-walled nanotubes as fluid-flow conduits in nano-valve applications SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE single-walled carbon nanotubes; boron-nitride nanotubes; nano-devices; nano-technology AB Molecular-level simulations are used to examine the suitability of boron-nitride single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) as fluid-flow conduits in the nano-valve applications based on a molecular-mono-layer functionalized silicon cantilever. The interaction between the constituent atoms in the nanotubes is modeled using the Universal Force Field inter-atomic potential. Key functional requirements (a large range of nanotube radii with a stable circular cross section, a low level of strain energy in the nanotube at the onset of bending-induced buckling, relatively high compliance with respect to the radial breathing mode and a low value of nanotube/fluid-molecule binding energy) have been identified for nanotube fluid-flow conduits. The results obtained suggest that boron-nitride SWNTs do not offer any significant functional advantage over their carbon-based counterparts when used in fluid-flow conduit applications. The results also suggests that several of the nanotube properties obtained through the use of the Universal Force Field are quite comparable to their counterparts based on the first-principles quantum-mechanical calculations. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, Proc & Properties Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Program Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Mech Engn, 241 Fluor Daniel,Engn Innovat Bldg, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu RI Cao, guoxin/A-9790-2012 OI Cao, guoxin/0000-0002-6598-2899 NR 9 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 246 IS 1-3 BP 149 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.11.007 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 929KK UT WOS:000229344800022 ER PT J AU Risinger, JI Maxwell, GL Chandramouli, GVR Aprelikova, O Litzi, T Umar, A Berchuck, A Barrett, JC AF Risinger, JI Maxwell, GL Chandramouli, GVR Aprelikova, O Litzi, T Umar, A Berchuck, A Barrett, JC TI Gene expression profiling of microsatellite unstable and microsatellite stable endometrial cancers indicates distinct pathways of aberrant signaling SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA MISMATCH REPAIR; RECEPTOR-TYPE-II; COLORECTAL-CANCER; PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION; INSTABILITY PHENOTYPE; CARCINOMA; MLH1; TUMORS; CONSEQUENCES; METHYLATION AB Microsatellite instability (NISI) is a molecular phenotype present in similar to 25% of endometrial cancers. We examined the global gene expression profiles of early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancers with and without the MSI phenotype to test the hypothesis that MSI phenotype may determine a unique molecular signature among otherwise similar cancers. Unsupervised principal component analysis of the expression data from these cases indicated two distinct groupings of cancers based on MSI phenotype. A relatively small number of array features (392) at high statistical value (P < 0.001) were identified that drive the instability signature in these cancers; 109 of these transcripts differed by at least 2-fold. These data identify distinct gene expression profiles for MSI and micro-satellite stable (MSS) cancers, which suggest that cancers with MSI develop in part by different mechanisms from their similar stable counterparts. In particular, we found evidence that two members of the secreted frizzled related protein family (SFRP1 and SFRP4) were more frequently down-regulated in MSI cancers as compared with MSS cancers. Down-regulation was accompanied by promoter hypermethylation for SFRP1. SFRP1 was hypermethylated in 8 of 12 MSI cancers whereas only 3 of 16 MSS cancers were methylated. The WNT target fibroblast growth factor 18 was found to be up-regulated in MSI cancers. These data classify histologically similar endometrioid endometrial cancers into two distinct groupings with implications affecting therapy and prevention. C1 NCI, Lab Biosyst & Canc, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Duke Univ, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC USA. RP Risinger, JI (reprint author), NCI, Lab Biosyst & Canc, NIH, Room 5046,Bldg 37,9000 Rockville Pike,MSC 4264, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM risingej@mail.nih.gov NR 41 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 65 IS 12 BP 5031 EP 5037 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0850 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 934UN UT WOS:000229734300012 PM 15958545 ER PT J AU Chandler-Horowitz, D Amirtharaj, PM AF Chandler-Horowitz, D Amirtharaj, PM TI High-accuracy, midinfrared (450 cm(-1)<=omega <= 4000 cm(-1)) refractive index values of silicon SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE ABSORPTION; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; GERMANIUM; CRYSTALS AB The real and imaginary parts of the refractive index, n(omega) and k(omega), of silicon were measured as a function of photon frequency omega using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) transmission spectral data. An accurate mechanical measurement of the wafer's thickness, t, was required, and two FTIR spectra were used: one of high resolution (Delta omega=0.1 to 0.5 cm(-1)) yielding a typical channel spectrum (Fabry-Perot fringes) dependent mainly on t and n(omega), and one of low resolution (Delta omega=4.0 cm(-1)) yielding an absorption spectrum dependent mainly on t and k(omega). A procedure was developed to first get initial estimates for n(omega) for the high-resolution spectrum and then calculate k(omega) from the faster low-resolution spectrum with minimal measurement drift. Then both initial n and final k values were used together as starting point data for a fit to the high-resolution spectrum. A previously derived transmission formula for a convergent incident beam was used for the fit. The accuracy of n(omega) determined using this procedure is mostly dependent upon the measurement error in the sample thickness t and k(omega) is dominated by the accuracy of the absolute transmission values obtained from a sample-in and sample-out methods. Our results are compared with previously published values for n(omega) and k(omega) in the 450-4000-cm(-1) spectral region. The reported uncertainty in n(omega) is +/- 10(-4) absolute, a factor of 10 better than published values. The values of n(omega) range from 3.4400 at 4000 cm(-1) (lambda=2.5 mu m) to 3.4169 at 450 cm(-1) (lambda=22.222 mu m). The k(omega) values had a standard deviation of <=+/- 3% and are in good agreement with previous measurements. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chandler-Horowitz, D (reprint author), NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM deane.chandler-horowitz@nist.gov NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 12 AR 123526 DI 10.1063/1.1923612 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 942JG UT WOS:000230278100045 ER PT J AU Ockenhouse, CF Bernstein, WB Wang, ZN Vahey, MT AF Ockenhouse, CF Bernstein, WB Wang, ZN Vahey, MT TI Functional genomic relationships in HIV-1 disease revealed by gene-expression profiling of primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HOST DETERMINANTS; TYPE-1 INFECTION; BREAST-CANCER; CLASS-II; PROGRESSION; LONG AB Background. An assessment of biomarkers from an analysis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene-expression profiles was made, to acquire an understanding of transcriptional changes associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV- 1) infection in vivo. Methods. Supervised learning algorithms were used to create signature gene sets that could be used to distinguish seropositive from seronegative samples and delineate changes in disease status during the early stages of infection. Bioinformatic tools were used to classify persons and to functionally characterize groups of differentially expressed genes, to elucidate the impact of viral infection on host cell gene-expression patterns. Results. A 10-gene signature set that could be used to accurately determine the HIV-1 serostatus was identified. A 6-gene signature set was used to distinguish seropositive persons exhibiting differential changes in CD4(+) T cell counts, with 93% accuracy. Functional classification of differentially expressed genes in HIV- 1 indicated a preponderance of down-regulated genes with functions related to the immune response and apoptosis. Hierarchical cluster analysis in persons whose CD4+ T cell counts increased, compared with that in persons whose CD4+ T cell counts decreased, was characterized by the down-regulation of genes associated with apoptosis, mitochondrial function, protein biosynthesis, and RNA binding. Conclusions. Gene-expression profile analysis of a complex infectious virus, such as HIV-1, may be useful to elucidate the functional genomic relationships associated with viral infection. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. RP Ockenhouse, CF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM chris.ockenhouse@na.amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 191 IS 12 BP 2064 EP 2074 DI 10.1086/430321 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 927OT UT WOS:000229203900010 PM 15897992 ER PT J AU Konorov, SO Akimov, DA Zheltikov, AA Ivanov, AA Alfimov, MV Scalora, M AF Konorov, SO Akimov, DA Zheltikov, AA Ivanov, AA Alfimov, MV Scalora, M TI Tuning the frequency of ultrashort laser pulses by a cross-phase-modulation-induced shift in a photonic crystal fiber SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONTINUUM GENERATION; CONTINUUM GENERATION; OPTICAL-FIBER; MICROSTRUCTURE FIBER AB Femtosecond pulses of fundamental Cr:forsterite laser radiation are used as a pump field to tune the frequency of copropagating second-harmonic pulses of the same laser through cross-phase modulation in a photonic crystal fiber. Sub-100-kW femtosecond pump pulses coupled into a photonic crystal fiber with an appropriate dispersion profile can shift the central frequency of the probe field by more than 100 nm, suggesting a convenient way to control propagation and spectral transformations of ultrashort laser pulses. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119899, Russia. Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Photochem, Moscow 117421, Russia. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. RP Konorov, SO (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Int Laser, Vorobevy Gory, Moscow 119899, Russia. EM zheltikov@top.phys.msu.su RI Alfimov, Michael/C-1118-2008 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1548 EP 1550 DI 10.1364/OL.30.001548 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 934EJ UT WOS:000229689400040 PM 16007803 ER PT J AU Ross, AE Bojescul, JA Kuklo, TR AF Ross, AE Bojescul, JA Kuklo, TR TI Giant cell tumor - A case report of recurrence during pregnancy SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE pregnancy; abdominal tumor; giant cell ID RADIATION-THERAPY; BONE; SPINE AB Study Design. Descriptive. Objective. To report a case of a recurrent giant cell tumor (GCT) of the lumbar spine during pregnancy. Summary of Background Data. GCT is a locally aggressive tumor that primarily occurs in young female adults. These tumors rarely present in the spine, recur locally, and may be present during pregnancy because of growth promoting receptors. Methods. A 31-year-old pregnant woman presented to us from Europe at 24 weeks' gestation (G1P1) with severe back pain and an enlarging mass. A large, firm, nontender mass was palpable in the right upper quadrant. Radiographs of the lumbar spine were obtained and revealed a 10-cm x 8 cm x 15 cm expansive bony mass at L2 with vertebral body collapse and junctional kyphosis. Following delivery of a healthy 6 lb. 8 oz. baby, MRI, CT, and full-length standing radiographs were obtained. A needle-guided biopsy showed amorphous bone with numerous giant cells consistent with a GCT. At 6 weeks postpartum, the tumor was resected. Results. At 1-year follow-up, there is no evidence of local reoccurrence and the patient is without constitutional symptoms. Conclusion. This is an unusual presentation of an expanding intra-abdominal mass originating from the lumbar spine during pregnancy. It most likely represents rapid growth of a previous unrecognized recurrence of a GCT. Close observation and follow-up CT scanning are imperative to identify and treat GCTs of the spine before rapid growth occurs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ross, AE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM amy.ross@na.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD JUN 15 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 12 BP E332 EP E335 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000166620.57338.97 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 936YC UT WOS:000229890500025 PM 15959356 ER PT J AU Hauschild, VD Bratt, GM AF Hauschild, VD Bratt, GM TI Prioritizing industrial chemical hazards SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 38th Annual Conference on Toxicology and Risk Assessment CY APR 26-30, 2004 CL West Chester, OH SP Tri -Serv Toxicol, US Environm Protect Agency, Nat Ctr Environm Assessment, Agency Toxic Substances Dis Registry, Div Toxicol, Nat Inst Occupational Safety Hlth AB This article describes the approach used to develop a prioritized list of toxic and hazardous industrial chemical hazards considered to pose substantial risk to deployed troops and military operations. The U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine published the prioritized list in November 2003. The work was performed as part of a multinational military effort supported by Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Previous chemical priority lists had been developed to support military as well as homeland defense research, development, and acquisition communities to determine enhanced detection and protection needs. However, there were questions as to the adequacy of the methodologies and focus of the previous efforts. This most recent effort is a more extensive evaluation of over 1700 industrial chemicals, with a modified methodology that includes not only the assessment of acute inhalation toxic industrial chemicals (TICs), but also chemicals/compounds that pose substantial physical risk (from fire/explosion) and those that may pose acute ingestion risks (such as in water supplies). The methodology was designed to rank such hazards from a strategic (global) military perspective, but it may be adapted to address, more site/user specific needs. Users of this or any other chemical priority list are cautioned that the derivation of such lists is largely influenced by Subjective decisions and significant variability in chemical-specific data availability and quality. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. LMI, Belcamp, MD USA. RP Hauschild, VD (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM v.hauschild@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD JUN 11 PY 2005 VL 68 IS 11-12 BP 857 EP 876 DI 10.1080/15287390590912162 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 946OP UT WOS:000230582100003 PM 16020181 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of cycloheptatriene SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; cycloheptatriene; 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene; tropilidene ID HIGHLY EXCITED TOLUENE; UNIMOLECULAR PROCESSES; OVERTONE SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; RAMAN SPECTRA; 1,3,5-CYCLOHEPTATRIENE; GASES; ISOMERIZATION; HYDROCARBONS; DERIVATIVES AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of cycloheptatriene are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of 13 types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C-H stretch, C=C stretch, C-C stretch, in-plane C=C-H bend, out-of-plane C=C-H bend, C=C-C bend, C-C-C bend, CH2 scissors, CH2 rock, CH2 twist, CH2 wag, and ring torsion). Theoretical infrared and Raman intensities are reported. The molecular orbitals and bonding of cycloheptatriene are examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Chem, AMSRP, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Chem, AMSRP, ECB,RT,DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD JUN 10 PY 2005 VL 724 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.11.048 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 943CA UT WOS:000230328200001 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC AF Abbott, KC TI Re: Ought dialysis patients with atrial fibrillation be treated with oral anticoagulants? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dialysis Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0167-5273 J9 INT J CARDIOL JI Int. J. Cardiol. PD JUN 8 PY 2005 VL 101 IS 3 BP 489 EP 489 DI 10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.05.053 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 932LD UT WOS:000229554300021 PM 15907419 ER PT J AU Eisen, SA Kang, HK Murphy, FM Blanchard, MS Reda, DJ Henderson, WG Toomey, R Jackson, LW Alpem, R Parks, BJ Klimas, N Hall, C Pak, HS Hunter, J Karlinsky, J Battistone, MJ Lyons, MJ AF Eisen, SA Kang, HK Murphy, FM Blanchard, MS Reda, DJ Henderson, WG Toomey, R Jackson, LW Alpem, R Parks, BJ Klimas, N Hall, C Pak, HS Hunter, J Karlinsky, J Battistone, MJ Lyons, MJ CA Gulf War Study Participating Inves TI Gulf war veterans' health: Medical evaluation of a US cohort SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; POPULATION-BASED SURVEY; OPERATION-DESERT-STORM; AL ESKAN DISEASE; VISCERAL INFECTION; LEISHMANIA-TROPICA; ILLNESS; FIBROMYALGIA; PREVALENCE; ACTIVATION AB Background: United States military personnel reported various symptoms after deployment to the Persian Gulf during the 1991 Gulf War. However, the symptoms' long-term prevalence and association with deployment remain controversial. Objective: To assess and compare the prevalence of selected medical conditions in a national cohort of deployed and nondeployed Gulf War veterans who were evaluated by direct medical and teledermatologic examinations. Design: A cross-sectional prevalence study performed 10 years after the 1991 Gulf War. Setting: Veterans were examined at 1 of 16 Veterans Affairs medical centers. Participants: Deployed (n = 1061) and nondeployed (n = 1128) veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. Measurements: Primary outcome measures included fibromyalgia, the chronic fatigue syndrome, dermatologic conditions, dyspepsia, physical health-related quality of life (Short Form-36 [SF36]), hypertension, obstructive lung disease, arthralgias, and peripheral neuropathy. Results: Of 12 conditions, only 4 conditions were more prevalent among deployed than nondeployed veterans: fibromyalgia (deployed, 2.0%; nondeployed, 1.2%; odds ratio, 2.32 [95% Cl, 1.02 to 5.27]); the chronic fatigue syndrome (deployed, 1.6%; nondeployed 0.1%; odds ratio, 40.6 [Cl, 10.2 to 161]); dermatologic conditions (deployed, 34.6%; nondeployed, 26.8%; odds ratio, 1.38 [Cl, 1.06 to 1.80]), and dyspepsia (deployed, 9.1%; nondeployed, 6.0%; odds ratio, 1.87 [Cl, 1.16 to 2.99]). The mean physical component summary score of the SF-36 for deployed and nondeployed veterans was 49.3 and 50.8, respectively. Limitations: Relatively low participation rates introduce potential participation bias, and deployment-related illnesses that resolved before the research examination could not, by design, be detected. Conclusions: Ten years after the Gulf War, the physical health of deployed and nondeployed veterans is similar. However, Gulf War deployment is associated with an increased risk for fibromyalgia, the chronic fatigue syndrome, skin conditions, dyspepsia, and a clinically insignificant decrease in the SF-36 physical component score. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Med Affairs Med Ctr 151 JC, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. St Louis Univ, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Hlth Adm, Environm Epidemiol Serv, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. Hines Vet Affairs Hosp, Cooperat Studies Program, Coodinating Ctr, Hines, IL USA. Harvard Univ, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brockton, MA 02401 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Mental Hlth Ctr,Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Harvard Inst Psychiat Epidemiol & Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Miami, FL 33125 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Vet Affairs Salt Lake City Hlth Care Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Eisen, SA (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Med Affairs Med Ctr 151 JC, 915 N Grand Ave, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. EM seth.eisen@med.va.gov RI Lyons, Michael/B-6119-2011 NR 50 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 7 PY 2005 VL 142 IS 11 BP 881 EP 890 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 932LX UT WOS:000229556300001 PM 15941694 ER PT J AU Ozgur, U Fu, Y Moon, YT Yun, F Morkoc, H Everitt, HO Park, SS Lee, KY AF Ozgur, U Fu, Y Moon, YT Yun, F Morkoc, H Everitt, HO Park, SS Lee, KY TI Long carrier lifetimes in GaN epitaxial layers grown using TIN porous network templates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE-EPITAXY; TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DISLOCATION DENSITY; EMISSION; DECAY; MOVPE AB Improved structural quality and radiative efficiency were observed in GaN thin films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on TiN porous network templates formed by in situ thermal annealing of Ti in ammonia. The room-temperature decay times obtained from biexponential fits to time-resolved photolurninescence data are longer than ever reported for GaN. The carrier lifetime of 1.86 ns measured for a TiN network sample is slightly longer than that for a 200 mu m thick high-quality freestanding GaN. The linewidth of the asymmetric x-ray diffraction (XRD) (10 (1) over bar2) peak decreases considerably with the use of TiN layer and with increasing in situ annealing time, indicating the reduction in threading dislocation density. However, no direct correlation is yet found between the decay times and the XRD linewidths, suggesting that point defect and impurity related nonradiative centers are the main parameters affecting the lifetime. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Samsung Adv Inst Technol, Suwon 440600, South Korea. RP Ozgur, U (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM uozgur@vcu.edu RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768 NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 6 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 23 AR 232106 DI 10.1063/1.1944903 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 939QL UT WOS:000230087400030 ER PT J AU Seif, C van der Horst, C Naumann, CM Junemann, KP Bosch, R Buller, J Braun, PM AF Seif, C van der Horst, C Naumann, CM Junemann, KP Bosch, R Buller, J Braun, PM TI Pudendal nerve stimulation therapy of the overactive bladder - An alternative to sacral neuromodulation? SO AKTUELLE UROLOGIE LA German DT Article DE overactive bladder; sacral neuromodulation; BION (R)-stimulator AB Purpose: Sacral neuromodulation is known to be an alternative therapeutic option for patients with anticholinergic resistant overactive bladder (OAB). For the same indication, a microstimulation system called BION (R) is available since last year. The BION (R)-stimulator, which only measures 2.8 x 0.3 cm, is designed for pudendal nerve stimulation. Its implantation technique as well as the first clinical results are presented and discussed. Materials and Methods: During an outpatient percutaneous screening test (PST), a pudendal nerve stimulation is performed with a needle electrode in local anesthesia. A 50% increase in the urodynamic parameters (bladder capacity, first desire to void, compliance, etc.) is an indication for a chronic implantation of the BION (R) stimulator, which also can be placed in local anesthesia. Results: Two patients have been treated with a BIONO-stimulator in our clinic so far. Patient I suffered from an OAB with frequent urinary incontinence and patient II had a sensory DAB with high voiding frequency. After the BION (R)-implantation, patient I showed a reduction in incontinence episodes by 31.5% a day and patient II had lowered voiding frequencies from 12.6 to 7 a day. The postoperative urodynamic investigations confirmed these clinical results. Conclusions: The BION (R)-system and chronic pudendal nerve stimulation seem to be alternatives to sacral neuromodulation, however, patient selection is difficult as subchronic stimulation for a longer period of time is not possible so far. C1 Univ Klinikum Schleswig Holstein, Klin Urol & Kinderurol, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. Erasmus Med Ctr Urol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Seif, C (reprint author), Univ Klinikum Schleswig Holstein, Klin Urol & Kinderurol, Campus Kiel,Arnold Hellser Str 7, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. EM cseif@urology.uni-kiel.de RI Junemann, Klaus-Peter/E-9721-2010; Naumann, Carsten Maik/M-2656-2015 NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0001-7868 J9 AKTUEL UROL JI Aktuelle Urol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 36 IS 3 BP 234 EP 238 DI 10.1055/s-2004-830204 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 944YF UT WOS:000230466400013 PM 16001339 ER PT J AU Adams, BD AF Adams, BD TI Cardiac arrest of nonpatients within hospital public areas SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Time to Defibrillation is the most important controllable factor for survival. Hospitals also must respond to cardiac arrest in nonpatients (i.e., visitors and staff members) within their public areas. In-hospital cardiac arrest teams may be unaccustomed to resuscitating visitors under what is essentially a prehospital environment. All cardiorespiratory arrests over a 2-year period at the investigators' institution were reviewed. Six of the 749 in-hospital cardiorespiratory arrests (0.8%) occurred in visitors within public areas of the hospital. The average time to clefibrillation for the public area cohort was significantly longer than for the in-hospital arrest control group (12.3 vs 2.5 minutes, p < 0.0001). Further research is needed to reduce the time to clefibrillation and consequently improve survival outcomes for cardiac arrest in hospital public areas. (c) 2005 by Excerpta Medica Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM bruce.adams@amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 11 BP 1370 EP 1371 DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.01.086 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 930XV UT WOS:000229451300019 PM 15904647 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Freedman, BA Andersen, RC Bojescul, JA Kuklo, TR Murphy, KP AF Potter, BK Freedman, BA Andersen, RC Bojescul, JA Kuklo, TR Murphy, KP TI Correlation of short form-36 and disability status with outcomes of arthroscopic acetabular labral debridement SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hip arthroscopy; acetabular labral tear; health assessment; disability compensation ID RECEIVING WORKERS-COMPENSATION; HIP ARTHROSCOPY; SECONDARY GAIN; DISC SURGERY; LUMBAR; TEARS; DIAGNOSIS; RECONSTRUCTION; REPLACEMENT; POPULATION AB Background: Arthroscopic debridement is the standard of care for the treatment of acetabular labral tears. The Short Form-36 has not been used to measure hip arthroscopy outcomes, and the impact of disability status on hip arthroscopy outcomes has not been reported. Hypothesis: Short Form-36 subscale scores will demonstrate good correlation with the modified Harris hip score, but patients undergoing disability evaluation will have significantly worse outcome scores. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The records of active-duty soldiers who underwent hip arthroscopy at the authors' institution were retrospectively reviewed. Forty consecutive patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for the primary indication of labral tear formed the basis of the study group. Patients completed the modified Harris hip score, the Short Form-36 general health survey, and a subjective overall satisfaction questionnaire. Results: Thirty-three patients, with a mean age of 34.6 years, were available for follow-up at a mean of 25.7 months postoperatively. Fourteen (43%) patients were undergoing medical evaluation boards (military equivalent of workers' compensation or disability claim). Pearson correlation coefficients for comparing the Short Form-36 Bodily Pain, Physical Function, and Physical Component subscale scores to the modified Harris hip score were 0.73, 0.71, and 0.85, respectively (P <.001). The mean modified Harris hip score was significantly lower in patients on disability status than in those who were not (92.4 vs 61.1; P <.0001). The Short Form-36 subscale scores were significantly lower in disability patients (P <.02). Patient-reported satisfaction rates (70% overall) were 50% for those undergoing disability evaluations and 84% for those who were not (P <.04). There was no significant difference in outcomes based on patient age, surgically proven chondromalacia, or gender for military evaluation board status. Conclusion: The Short Form-36 demonstrated good correlation with the modified Harris hip score for measuring outcomes after arthroscopic partial limbectomy. Arthroscopic debridement yielded a high percentage of good results when patients undergoing disability evaluations were excluded. Disability status may be a negative predictor of success after hip arthroscopy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphy, KP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Bldg 2,Clin 5A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Kevin.Murphy.1@na.amedd.army.mil OI Potter, MD, Benjamin K./0000-0002-8771-0317 NR 36 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 33 IS 6 BP 864 EP 870 DI 10.1177/0363546504270567 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 929AK UT WOS:000229314300009 PM 15827367 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC AF Abbott, KC TI Response to 'Viral hepatitis guidelines for transplant recipients' SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter ID RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; PATIENT SURVIVAL; DIALYSIS; IMPACT; GRAFT C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI FREDERIKSBERG C PA 1 ROSENORNS ALLE, DK-1970 FREDERIKSBERG C, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1577 EP 1578 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.00851.x PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 925DJ UT WOS:000229031400056 PM 15888074 ER PT J AU Ngrenngarmlert, W Kwiek, JJ Kamwendo, DD Ritola, K Swanstrom, R Wongsrichanalai, C Miller, RS Ittarat, W Meshnick, SR AF Ngrenngarmlert, W Kwiek, JJ Kamwendo, DD Ritola, K Swanstrom, R Wongsrichanalai, C Miller, RS Ittarat, W Meshnick, SR TI Measuring allelic heterogeneity in Plasmodium falciparum by a heteroduplex tracking assay SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SURFACE PROTEIN-1 MSP-1; PREGNANT MALAWIAN WOMEN; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; TREATMENT FAILURES; MALARIA; PCR; POLYMORPHISM; INFECTIONS; DIVERSITY AB We developed a novel Plasmodium falciparum genotyping strategy based on the heteroduplex tracking assay (HTA) method commonly used to genotype viruses. Because it can detect both sequence and size polymorphisms, we hypothesized that HTA is more sensitive than current methods. To test this hypothesis, we compared the ability of HTA and a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect genetic diversity in 17 Thai samples. The HTA detected more MSPI sequence variants in eight isolates (47%), less sequence variants in three isolates (18%), and an equal number of sequence variants in six isolates (35%), suggesting that HTA is equal to or more sensitive than the nested PCR. This study is a proof of concept that HTA is a sensitive allelic discrimination method able to determine genetic diversity in P. falciparum and warrants its use in studies of antimalarial drug efficacy. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Ctr AIDS Res, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Mahidol Univ, Fac Med Technol, Dept Clin Microscopy, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Meshnick, SR (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM meshinick@unc.edu RI Kwiek, Jesse/E-3449-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [T32 AI07151-26, R23 AI054590, P30-AI50410, R01-AI44667, T32-AI07419] NR 28 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 72 IS 6 BP 694 EP 701 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 936XA UT WOS:000229887600009 PM 15964952 ER PT J AU Yoon, IK Angov, E Larson, D Heppner, DG Cummings, JF Stewart, VA AF Yoon, IK Angov, E Larson, D Heppner, DG Cummings, JF Stewart, VA TI Characterization of a human reference standard for antibody to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1(42) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID METAL-AFFINITY-CHROMATOGRAPHY; C-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; SERUM ANTIBODIES; MALARIA VACCINE; AOTUS MONKEYS; CANDIDATE; IMMUNOGENICITY; PURIFICATION; PROTECTION; INFECTION AB Volunteers vaccinated with a candidate malaria vaccine containing merozoite surface protein 1(42) (MSP-1(42)) exhibit antibodies to MSP-1(42) that are measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The purpose of this study was to make a human reference standard for MSP-1(42) antibody measured in absolute quantity units using pooled plasma samples known to contain high titers of MSP-1(42) antibody based on previous ELISA results. Immobilized metal affinity chromatography was used to determine the amount of MSP-1(42) antibody in this plasma pool. Hexahistidine-tagged MSP-1(42) antigen adsorbed to nickel-chelating resin was used to capture MSP-1(42) antibody from the plasma pool. The intact MSP-1(42) antibody-antigen complexes were eluted and total IgG was measured by an ELISA standardized against purified human IgG. In this way, the human reference standard was determined to contain 48.3 mu g/mL of MSP-1(42) antibody. This reference standard may be useful as a quantitative working standard for measuring MSP-1(42) antibody response in future vaccine clinical trials involving MSP-1. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Yoon, IK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM in-kyu.yoon@na.amedd.army.mil; evelina.angov@na.amedd.army.mil; david.larson@na.amedd.army.mil; donald.heppner@na.amedd.army.mil; james.cummings@na.amedd.army.mil; ann.stewart@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 72 IS 6 BP 714 EP 718 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 936XA UT WOS:000229887600012 PM 15964955 ER PT J AU Clark, DV Mammen, MP Nisalak, A Puthimethee, V Endy, TP AF Clark, DV Mammen, MP Nisalak, A Puthimethee, V Endy, TP TI Economic impact of dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever in Thailand at the family and population levels SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS; PUERTO-RICO AB Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever constitute a substantial health burden on the population in Thailand. In this study, the impact of symptomatic dengue virus infection on the families of patients hospitalized at the Kamphaeng Phet Provincial Hospital with laboratory-confirmed dengue in 2001 was assessed, and the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost for fatal and non-fatal cases of dengue were calculated using population level data for Thailand. When we accounted for the direct cost of hospitalization, indirect costs due to loss of productivity, and the average number of persons infected per family, we observed a financial loss of approximately US$61 per family, which is more than the average monthly income in Thailand. The DALYs were calculated using select results from a family level survey, and resulted in an estimated 427 DALYs/million population in 2001. This figure is of the same order of magnitude as the impact of several diseases currently given priority in southeast Asia, such as the tropical cluster (trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, lymphatic filariasis, and onchocerciasis), malaria, meningitis, and hepatitis. These results indicate that dengue prevention, control, and research should be considered equally important as that of diseases currently given priority. C1 USA Med Component, Dept Virol, Armed Forces Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Kamphaeng Phet Prov Publ Hlth Off, Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Clark, DV (reprint author), USA Med Component, Dept Virol, Armed Forces Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. EM danielle.clark@na.amedd.army.mil; mannen.mammen@afrims.org; ananda.nisalak@afrims.org; Timoth.Endy@na.amedd.army.nil NR 20 TC 93 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 72 IS 6 BP 786 EP 791 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 936XA UT WOS:000229887600023 PM 15964964 ER PT J AU Samet, ED AF Samet, ED TI War stories - Mat west point graduates are reading in Iraq SO AMERICAN SCHOLAR LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Samet, ED (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHI BETA KAPPA SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1785 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, N W FOURTH FL,, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-0937 J9 AM SCHOLAR JI Am. Sch. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 74 IS 3 BP 118 EP 123 PG 6 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 962WR UT WOS:000231764500024 ER PT J AU Klote, MM Ludwig, GV Ulrich, MP Black, LA Hack, DC Engler, RJM Martin, BL AF Klote, MM Ludwig, GV Ulrich, MP Black, LA Hack, DC Engler, RJM Martin, BL TI Absence of oropharyngeal vaccinia virus after vaccinia (smallpox) vaccination SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: With the resumption of the vaccinia (smallpox) vaccination, questions regarding transmission risk prompted this study to determine whether vaccinia virus could be detected in the oropharynx of adults recently vaccinated with vaccinia (smallpox) vaccine. German, Russian, and American studies on the oropharyngeal presence of vaccinia virus revealed conflicting results in different age groups. Objective: To measure vaccinia viral particle or antigen presence in the oropharynx of adult health care workers after vaccination with vaccinia (smallpox) vaccine using viral culture and high-sensitivity assays (polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and electrochemiluminescence) and to determine whether there is an association between the presence of vaccinia virus and adverse reactions. Methods: A total of 155 adults (primary vaccinees and revaccinees) were enrolled for 1 baseline and 5 subsequent throat swabs. The swabs were evaluated using viral culture, PCR, and electrochemiluminescence. Results: Of the 155 participants, 144 had more than 2 throat swabs in the 2 weeks after vaccination. Of the 801 specimens evaluated, there were no positive results by culture, PCR, or electrochemiluminescence except in the control samples (n = 6), which were positive by all 3 methods. Conclusions: Based on the absence of detectable vaccinia virus in this study population, one can be 95% certain that the true rate of vaccinia virus in the oropharynx of adults during the 2 weeks after vaccination with vaccinia (smallpox) vaccine is 0% to 3.3%. These data should be reassuring to the medical community and support the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice guidelines that respiratory precautions are not necessary after vaccinia (smallpox) vaccination in healthy adults. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Goldbelt Raven, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Occupat Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Prevent Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Klote, MM (reprint author), 1413 Grady Randall Ct, Mclean, VA 22101 USA. EM Mary.Klote@amedd.army.mil NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 94 IS 6 BP 682 EP 685 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 938XL UT WOS:000230036600013 PM 15984602 ER PT J AU De Lorenzo, RA AF De Lorenzo, RA TI When it's hot, it's hot SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CASUALTIES C1 San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Emergency Med, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP De Lorenzo, RA (reprint author), San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Emergency Med, Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,MCHE EM, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM RADeLorenzo@satx.rr.com NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 45 IS 6 BP 653 EP 654 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.04.006 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 931AL UT WOS:000229458100017 PM 15940102 ER PT J AU Paragas, J Blatt, LM Hartmann, C Huggins, JW Endy, TP AF Paragas, J Blatt, LM Hartmann, C Huggins, JW Endy, TP TI Interferon alfacon1 is an inhibitor of SARS-corona virus in cell-based models SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE interferon; alfacon 1; SARS-corona; antiviral; therapy ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; CONSENSUS INTERFERON; ALPHA; MULTICENTER; INFECTION; TRIAL; ASSAY; BETA AB Preliminary data examining interferon alfacon 1 treatment of SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus)-infected patients suggests this therapy is well tolerated and of therapeutic benefit. We report herein that interferon alfacon 1, has potent in vitro antiviral activity against SARS-CoV. In a cytopathic effect protection (CPE) assay, interferon alfacon I inhibited the generation of CPE in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.001 mu g/ml, a clinically achievable level. Furthermore, interferon alfacon 1 also demonstrated significant antiviral activity in yield reduction and plaque reduction assays. The in vitro antiviral activity of interferon alfacon 1 against SARS-CoV suggests continued evaluation of interferon alfacon 1 as a therapeutic treatment for patients infected with SARS-CoV. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. InterMune Inc, Brisbane, CA USA. RP Paragas, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Jason.paragas@det.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 66 IS 2-3 BP 99 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2005.01.002 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 935YS UT WOS:000229819900002 PM 15911026 ER PT J AU Wong, L AF Wong, L TI Leave no man behind: Recovering America's fallen warriors SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This article analyzes the ethic of the US military to rescue its fallen warriors. The US military will go to extraordinary lengths to evacuate its wounded, and more interestingly, to recover its dead. While taking risks to recover the body of a fallen soldier may make no rational sense, it impacts significantly on the unit, the military profession, and US society. This article examines the "leave no man behind" phenomenon through individual, family, unit, institutional, and societal perspectives. Possible reasons why the ethic has increased in salience and potential future implications are also discussed. C1 USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Wong, L (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, 122 Forbes Ave, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. EM Leonard.Wong@carlisle.army.mil NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 BP 599 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X0503100408 PG 25 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 960TT UT WOS:000231616800007 ER PT J AU Samet, ED AF Samet, ED TI Leaving no warriors behind: The ancient roots of a modern sensibility SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GREECE AB The ethos of leaving no one behind has traditionally animated military forces distinguished by elite status, closed cultures, and frequent operational isolation (e.g., the French Foreign Legion, US Marines, and US Army Rangers). With the recent approval of the Soldier's Creed, however, the exhortation to leave no one behind has been formally disseminated throughout the US Army. This creed, embraced by the media and further popularized by Hollywood cinema, dates back to ancient Greece, specifically to the literary models found in Homer. However, profound changes to the nature of warfare as well as to the structure of the force and the society it serves have dramatically altered the moral and political significance of retrieving the fallen for the US military. Renewed emphasis on returning for not only the wounded but also, more provocatively, the dead, reveals the enduring appeal of aristocratic sentiment to a democratic force. This article traces the roots of this gesture back to the classical epics of Homer and Virgil in order to evaluate the implications of its recent reemergence in popular and military culture. The analysis extends to contemporary film (Saving Private Ryan and Black Hawk Down) and to recent US operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept English, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Samet, ED (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept English, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM elizabeth.samet@usma.edu NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 31 IS 4 BP 623 EP + DI 10.1177/0095327X0503100409 PG 28 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 960TT UT WOS:000231616800008 ER PT J AU Miller, TM Ballenthin, JO Viggiano, AA Anderson, BE Wey, CC AF Miller, TM Ballenthin, JO Viggiano, AA Anderson, BE Wey, CC TI Mass distribution and concentrations of negative chemiions in the exhaust of a jet engine: Sulfuric acid concentrations and observation of particle growth SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE jet engine; ion-induced nucleation; aerosol growth; sulfuric acid; mass spectrometer ID AIRCRAFT IN-FLIGHT; GAS-PHASE REACTION; ION-ION RECOMBINATION; AEROSOL FORMATION; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; VAPOR; H2SO4; PLUME; WAKE; TROPOSPHERE AB Measurements of negative-ion composition and density have been made in the exhaust of a J85-GE-5H turbojet, at ground level, as part of the NASA-EXCAVATE campaign. The mass spectrometer was placed 3 m from the exhaust plane of the engine. Measurements were done as a function of engine power in six steps from idle (50%) to military power (100%). Since the exhaust velocity changes with power, this also corresponds to a time evolution for ion growth. At 100% power most of the ions are HSO4- with minor amounts of HSO4-(H2O)(n). With decreasing engine power the degree of hydration increases. In addition, ions with a 139-amu core dominate the spectra at lower engine power. The chemical identity of this ion is unknown. Observation of a small amount of NO3- core ions in the high-power spectra allows the determination of H2SO4 concentrations, which turn out to be a fraction-of-a-percent of the total sulfur in the fuel. Combining the present data with several previous composition measurements allows one to observe ion evolution from bare ions to ions with masses > 8000 amu. Ion densities are derived and appear consistent with previous measurements used in modeling studies indicating that ion nucleation is a probable mechanism for volatile aerosol formation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom Air Force Base, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Div Atmospher Sci, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NASA, Engine Components Div, Army Res Lab, High Speed Syst Off,Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Viggiano, AA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Hanscom Air Force Base, 29 Randolph Rd, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. EM albert.viggiano@hanscom.af.mil NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 39 IS 17 BP 3069 EP 3079 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.01.034 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 940DM UT WOS:000230123900007 ER PT J AU Andreas, EL AF Andreas, EL TI Approximation formulas for the microphysical properties of saline droplets SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aqueous solution droplets; droplet evolution; droplet radius; droplet temperature; cloud microphysics; saline droplets; sea spray ID SEA-SPRAY DROPLETS; LAGRANGIAN MODEL; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATION AB Microphysical theory has proven essential for explaining sea spray's role in transferring heat and moisture across the air-sea interface. But large-scale models of air-sea interaction, among other applications, cannot afford full microphysical modules for computing spray droplet evolution and, thus, how rapidly these droplets exchange heat and moisture with their environment. Fortunately, because the temperature and radius of saline droplets evolve almost exponentially when properly scaled, it is possible to approximate a droplet's evolution with just four microphysical endpoints: its equilibrium temperature, T-eq; the e-folding time to reach that temperature, tau(T); its equilibrium radius, r(eq); and the e-folding time to reach that radius, tau(r). Starting with microphysical theory, this paper derives quick approximation formulas for these microphysical quantities. These approximations are capable of treating saline droplets with initial radii between 0.5 and 500 mu m that evolve under the following ambient conditions: initial droplet temperatures and air temperatures between 0 and 40 degrees C, ambient relative humidities between 75% and 99.5%, and initial droplet salinities between 1 and 40 psu. Estimating T-eq, tau(T), and tau(r) requires only one-step calculations; finding r(eq) is done recursively using Newton's method. The approximations for T-eq and tau(T) are quite good when compared to similar quantities derived from a fall microphysical model; T-eq is accurate to within 0.02 degrees C, and tau(T) is typically accurate to within 5%. The estimate for equilibrium radius r(eq) is also usually within 5% of the radius simulated with the full microphysical model. Finally, the estimate of radius e-folding time tau(r) is accurate to within about 10% for typical oceanic conditions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Andreas, EL (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM eandreas@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 26 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0169-8095 J9 ATMOS RES JI Atmos. Res. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 75 IS 4 BP 323 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2005.02.001 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 938QV UT WOS:000230018800005 ER PT J AU Yu, CG Zavaljevski, N Stevens, FJ Yackovich, K Reifman, J AF Yu, CG Zavaljevski, N Stevens, FJ Yackovich, K Reifman, J TI Classifying noisy protein sequence data: a case study of immunoglobulin light chains SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology CY JUN 25-29, 2005 CL Detroit, MI SP Int Soc Computat Biol ID FIBRIL FORMATION; AMYLOID FIBRIL; PREDICTION; CLASSIFICATION AB The classification of protein sequences obtained from patients with various immunoglobulin-related conformational diseases may provide insight into structural correlates of pathogenicity. However, clinical data are very sparse and, in the case of antibody-related proteins, the collected sequences have large variability with only a small subset of variations relevant to the protein pathogenicity ( function). On this basis, these sequences represent a model system for development of strategies to recognize the small subset of function-determining variations among the much larger number of primary structure diversifications introduced during evolution. Under such conditions, most protein classification algorithms have limited accuracy. To address this problem, we propose a support vector machine (SVM)-based classifier that combines sequence and 3D structural averaging information. Each amino acid in the sequence is represented by a set of six physicochemical properties: hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, volume, surface area, bulkiness and refractivity. Each position in the sequence is described by the properties of the amino acid at that position and the properties of its neighbors in 3D space or in the sequence. A structure template is selected to determine neighbors in 3D space and a window size is used to determine the neighbors in the sequence. The test data consist of 209 proteins of human antibody immunoglobulin light chains, each represented by aligned sequences of 120 amino acids. The methodology is applied to the classification of protein sequences collected from patients with and without amyloidosis, and indicates that the proposed modified classifiers are more robust to sequence variability than standard SVM classifiers, improving classification error between 5 and 25% and sensitivity between 9 and 17%. The classification results might also suggest possible mechanisms for the propensity of immunoglobulin light chains to amyloid formation. C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Clarion Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Comp Informat Sci, Clarion, PA 16214 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Yu, CG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM cyu@bioanalysis.org FU NIA NIH HHS [AG18001]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK43957] NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD JUN PY 2005 VL 21 SU 1 BP I495 EP I501 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti1024 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 942HH UT WOS:000230273000056 PM 15961496 ER PT J AU Pickard, SW Clarke, JU Lotufo, GR AF Pickard, SW Clarke, JU Lotufo, GR TI Bioaccumulation and bioavailability of Mirex from Lake Ontario sediments SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS; LUMBRICULUS-VARIEGATUS; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; GREAT-LAKES; MODEL; PCBS; INVERTEBRATES C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Buffalo, NY 14207 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Pickard, SW (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 1776 Niagara St, Buffalo, NY 14207 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1084 EP 1091 DI 10.1007/s00128-005-0692-1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 942VT UT WOS:000230311700012 PM 16158845 ER PT J AU Garrett, PD Eckart, RE Bauch, TD Thompson, CM Stajduhar, KC AF Garrett, PD Eckart, RE Bauch, TD Thompson, CM Stajduhar, KC TI Fluoroscopic localization of the femoral head as a landmark for common femoral artery cannulation SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS LA English DT Article DE femoral artery; anatomy; cannulation; catheterization ID PUNCTURE AB We sought to determine the reliability of frequently used landmarks for femoral arterial access in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. The common femoral artery (CFA) is the most frequently used arterial access in cardiac catheterization. Arterial sheath placement into the CFA has been shown to decrease vascular complications. Some authors recommend locating the inferior border of the femoral head using fluoroscopy due to the relationship of the femoral head and the bifurcation of the CFA. We performed a descriptive study in a prospective design of 158 patients undergoing catheterization from the femoral approach. A femoral angiogram was performed, and the CFA bifurcation location was recorded in relation to the inguinal ligament, middle and inferior border of the femoral head, and the inguinal skin crease. The CFA bifurcation was distal to the inguinal ligament, middle femoral head, and inferior femoral head in most patients with mean distances (cm &PLUSMN; SD) of 7.5 &PLUSMN; 1.7, 2.9 &PLUSMN; 1.5, and 0.8 &PLUSMN; 1.2, respectively. The inguinal skin crease was below the bifurcation in 78% of patients (-1.8 &PLUSMN; 1.6 cm). The CFA overlies the femoral head in 92% of cases. The femoral head has a consistent relationship to the CFA, and localization using fluoroscopy is a useful landmark. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc(&DAG;). C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Garrett, PD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,Bldg 3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM paul.garrett@amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1522-1946 J9 CATHETER CARDIO INTE JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 65 IS 2 BP 205 EP 207 DI 10.1002/ccd.20373 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 932MK UT WOS:000229557600010 PM 15900552 ER PT J AU Corron, NJ Blakely, JN Pethel, SD AF Corron, NJ Blakely, JN Pethel, SD TI Lag and anticipating synchronization without time-delay coupling SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-QUALITY SYNCHRONIZATION; CHAOTIC SYSTEMS; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASERS; OSCILLATORS; CRITERION; FEEDBACK AB We describe a new method for achieving approximate lag and anticipating synchronization in unidirectionally coupled chaotic oscillators. The method uses a specific parameter mismatch between the drive and response that is a first-order approximation to true time-delay coupling. As a result, an adjustable lag or anticipation effect can be achieved without the need for a variable delay line, making the method simpler and more economical to implement in many physical systems. We present a stability analysis, demonstrate the method numerically, and report experimental observation of the effect in radio-frequency electronic oscillators. In the circuit experiments, both lag and anticipation are controlled by tuning a single capacitor in the response oscillator. C1 USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Corron, NJ (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. OI Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024; Blakely, Jonathan/0000-0002-9772-582X NR 25 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD JUN PY 2005 VL 15 IS 2 AR 023110 DI 10.1063/1.1898597 PG 7 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 937HJ UT WOS:000229914900010 PM 16035886 ER PT J AU Pittman, PR Leitman, SF Oro, JGB Norris, SL Marano, NM Ranadive, MV Sink, BS McKee, KT AF Pittman, PR Leitman, SF Oro, JGB Norris, SL Marano, NM Ranadive, MV Sink, BS McKee, KT TI Protective antigen and toxin neutralization antibody patterns in anthrax vaccinees undergoing serial plasmapheresis SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; BIOLOGICAL WEAPON; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; GUINEA-PIGS; SERUM; IMMUNITY; MANAGEMENT; INFECTION; COMPONENT; CORRELATE AB Recipients of licensed anthrax vaccine (AVA; Biothrax) could serve as a source of hyperimmune plasma and immunoglobulin for therapy and prophylaxis. We measured serum antibodies during serial weekly to biweekly plasmapheresis in 38 individuals previously vaccinated with 4 to 27 doses of AVA. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) to protective antigen (PA) and toxin neutralization assay (TNA) antibody levels were highly correlated (r = 0.86930 and P < 0.0001 for anti-PA concentration versus TNA concentration). Significant decreases in antibody titer and concentration were observed over time when compared for the number of days from the last AVA injection (P < 0.0001 for both anti-PA and TNA concentration) and for the number of days from the first plasmapheresis (P = 0.0007 for anti-PA concentration and P = 0.0025 for TNA concentration). The rate of the decrease in total IgG concentration (half-life [t(1/2)] = 198.90 days after first plasmapheresis) was significantly less than the decrease in anti-PA IgG (t(1/2) = 63.53 days) (P < 0.0001), indicating that the reduction in anti-PA IgG was more likely due to natural decay than plasmapheresis. The time since the last injection and the time after initial plasmapheresis are important elements in considering an optimal schedule for collecting anthrax hyperimmune plasma. Good correlation between IgG to PA and TNA antibodies suggests that the anti-PA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can be used as a high-throughput screen for functional immune reactivity in donor plasma units. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Camber Corp, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McKee, KT (reprint author), DynPort Vaccine Co LLC, 64 Thomas Johnson Dr, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM phillip.pittman@amedd.army.mil; kelly.mckee@amedd.army.mil NR 44 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 12 IS 6 BP 713 EP 721 DI 10.1128/CDLI.12.6.713-721.2005 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 955AO UT WOS:000231197200005 PM 15939745 ER PT J AU Maxwell, GL Chandramouli, GVR Dainty, L Litzi, TJ Berchuck, A Barrett, JC Risinger, JI AF Maxwell, GL Chandramouli, GVR Dainty, L Litzi, TJ Berchuck, A Barrett, JC Risinger, JI TI Microarray analysis of endometrial carcinomas and mixed mullerian tumors reveals distinct gene expression profiles associated with different histologic types of uterine cancer SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Gynecologic-Oncologists CY FEB 07-11, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Gynecol Oncol ID E-CADHERIN; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; METAPLASTIC CARCINOMAS; CARCINOSARCOMAS; P53; OVEREXPRESSION; ADENOCARCINOMA; MUTATIONS; UTERUS; ORIGIN AB Previous studies using cDNA microarray have indicated that distinct gene expression profiles characterize endometrioid and papillary serous carcinomas of the endometrium. Molecular studies have observed that mixed mullerian tumors, characterized by both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, share features that are characteristic of endometrial carcinomas. The objective of this analysis was to more precisely define gene expression patterns that distinguish endometrioid and papillary serous histologies of endometrial carcinoma and mixed mullerian tumors of the uterus. One hundred nineteen pathologically confirmed uterine cancer samples were studied (66 endometrioid, 24 papillary serous, and 29 mixed mullerian tumors). Gene expressions were analyzed using the Affymetrix Human Genome Arrays U133A and U133B Genechip set. Unsupervised analysis revealed distinct global gene expression patterns of endometrioid, papillary serous, mixed mullerian tumors, and normal tissues as grossly separated clusters. Two-sample t tests comparing endometrioid and papillary serous, endometrioid and mixed mullerian tumor, and papillary serous and mixed mullerian tumor pairs identified 1,055, 5,212, and 1,208 differentially expressed genes at P < 0.001, respectively. These data revealed that distinct patterns of gene expression characterize various histologic types of uterine cancer. Gene expression profiles for select genes were confirmed using quantitative PCR. An understanding of the molecular heterogeneity of various histologic types of endometrial cancer has the potential to lead to better individualization of treatment in the future. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NCI, Lab Biosyst & Canc, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Durham, NC USA. RP Maxwell, GL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM george.maxwell@na.amedd.army.mil NR 35 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 11 IS 11 BP 4056 EP 4066 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2001 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 930YK UT WOS:000229452800010 PM 15930340 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA Brunt, EM Qazi, RA Oliveri, DA Neuschwander-Tetri, BA Di Bisceglie, AM Bacon, BR AF Harrison, SA Brunt, EM Qazi, RA Oliveri, DA Neuschwander-Tetri, BA Di Bisceglie, AM Bacon, BR TI Effect of significant histologic steatosis or steatohepatitis on response to antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C SO CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; VIRUS-INFECTION; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA-2A; PLUS RIBAVIRIN; LIVER-DISEASE; OBESITY; PROGRESSION; PREVALENCE; GENOTYPE AB Background & Aims: Treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) results in an average sustained viral response (SVR) rate of 54%-63%. Most previous studies have not separately reported SVR rates for patients who have CHC and concomitant significant hepatic steatosis (>33%) or histologic evidence of steatohepatitis (SH). The aim of this study was to evaluate SVR in patients with CHC plus steatosis or SH on biopsy examination, compared with a group of controls with CHC and no significant steatosis or SH. Methods: Our surgical pathology database and clinical files were queried for CHC between 1997 to 2002. Biopsy specimens with both CHC and significant steatosis (>33%) or SH were categorized as group :1. Of the patients treated with antiviral therapy, information on either SVR (hepatitis C virus [HCV] RNA negative at 6 months posttreatment) or lack of SVR (nonresponse as early as 12 weeks into therapy and relapsers) with either interferon (IFN)/ribavirin or pegylated IFN/ribavirin was found in 84 patients. A control group (group 2) of 231 CHC patients was identified by using a 2-year database (January 2000 -June 200:1) of patients without evidence of greater than 33% steatosis or SH. Results: The overall SVR was 28% in group 1, compared with 44% for group 2 (P =.001). For HCV genotype 1, the SVR was 23% vs 34% for group 2 (P =.19). For HCV genotypes 2 and 3, the SVR was 42% vs 78% for groups 1 and 2 (P =.008), respectively. Conclusions: Overall SVR for patients with HCV and significant steatosis or SH is considerably lower than for HCV and steatosis less than 33% and no SH. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. St Louis Univ, St Louis Univ Liver Ctr, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. St Louis Univ, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. St Louis Univ, Dept Pathol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM stephen.harrison@cen.amedd.army.mil FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41816-08, DK 61718, DK 92324, DK 56435] NR 31 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1542-3565 J9 CLIN GASTROENTEROL H JI Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 3 IS 6 BP 604 EP 609 DI 10.1053/S1542-3565(05)00246-6 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 995MX UT WOS:000234105500014 PM 15952103 ER PT J AU Quarless, SA Wells, CN AF Quarless, SA Wells, CN TI Bochdalek hernia, incidental finding on sestamibi parathyroid scan SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Tc-99m sestamibi; diaphragmatic hernia; Bochdalek hernia ID TC-99M MIBI; LESIONS C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Quarless, SA (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM shelley.quarless@us.army.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 30 IS 6 BP 436 EP 439 DI 10.1097/01.rlu.0000162971.55820.5c PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 929HL UT WOS:000229332600017 PM 15891305 ER PT J AU Taylor, KF Rafiee, B Inoue, N McHale, KA Howard, RS Chao, EYS AF Taylor, KF Rafiee, B Inoue, N McHale, KA Howard, RS Chao, EYS TI Linear increase in axial stiffness of regenerate callus during limb lengthening SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INTENSITY PULSED ULTRASOUND; DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS; TISSUE; BEHAVIOR; FORCES; BONE AB Distraction osteogenesis is a powerful tool for addressing segmental defects and limb-length discrepancies. Guidelines for the rate and rhythm of distraction have been described. The possibilities of early consolidation or nonunion threaten clinical success. A quantifiable method for monitoring the distraction gap would be useful. Previous methods to measure regenerate callus stiffness have not gained widespread clinical acceptance, largely because of cumbersome instrumentation. A rabbit tibial lengthening model was used to show the clinical utility of a digital torque wrench in monitoring axial stiffness of the regenerate bone callus during distraction osteogenesis. We confirmed the linear increase in peak torsional stiffness with time, which has been reported by others. This relationship may prove to be a useful clinical adjunct in guiding the rate and rhythm of distraction during limb lengthening. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Orthopaed Biomech Lab, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Biometr Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, KF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georiga Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Kenneth.Taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD JUN PY 2005 IS 435 BP 239 EP 244 DI 10.1097/01.blo.0000157903.85014.ab PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 932MC UT WOS:000229556800035 PM 15930945 ER PT J AU DeAngelo, AJ Bell, DG Quinn, MW Long, DE Ouellette, DR AF DeAngelo, AJ Bell, DG Quinn, MW Long, DE Ouellette, DR TI Erythropoietin response in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients: a prospective observational study SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; CONTROLLED TRIAL; PREDICTORS; EFFICACY; DISEASE; ANEMIA AB Introduction Anemia is a common problem in critically ill patients. The etiology of anemia of critical illness is often determined to be multifactorial in the clinical setting, but the pathophysiology remains to be elucidated. Erythropoietin (EPO) is an endogenous glycoprotein hormone that serves as the primary stimulus for erythropoiesis. Recent evidence has demonstrated a blunted EPO response as a factor contributing to anemia of critical illness in specific subsets of patients. Critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation who exhibit anemia have not been the subject of previous studies. Our goal was to evaluate the erythropoietic response to anemia in the critically ill mechanically ventilated patient. Methods A prospective observational study was undertaken in the medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care, military hospital. Twenty patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit requiring mechanical ventilation for at least 72 hours were enrolled as study patients. EPO levels and complete blood count were measured 72 hours after admission and initiation of mechanical ventilation. Admission clinical and demographic data were recorded, and patients were followed for the duration of mechanical ventilation. Twenty patients diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia in the outpatient setting were enrolled as a control population. Control patients had baseline complete blood count and iron panel recorded by primary care physicians. EPO levels were measured at the time of enrollment in conjunction with complete blood count. Results The mean EPO level for the control population was 60.9 mU/ml. The mean EPO level in the mechanically ventilated patient group was 28.7 mU/ml, which was significantly less than in the control group (P = 0.035). The mean hemoglobin value was not significantly different between groups (10.6 g/dl in mechanically ventilated patients versus 10.2 g/dl in control patients; P > 0.05). Conclusion Mechanically ventilated patients demonstrate a blunted EPO response to anemia. Further study of therapies directed at treating anemia of critical illness and evaluating its potential impact on mechanical ventilation outcomes and mortality is warranted. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. David Grant Air Force Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Serv, Travis AFB, CA USA. RP DeAngelo, AJ (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM adeangelo@pol.net NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2005 VL 9 IS 3 BP R172 EP R176 DI 10.1186/cc3480 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 941IL UT WOS:000230208400005 PM 15987387 ER PT J AU Jackson, WL Shorr, AF AF Jackson, WL Shorr, AF TI Blood transfusion and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome: More evidence that blood transfusion in the intensive care unit may not be benign SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; CELL TRANSFUSION; INFECTION; ANEMIA; ICU C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Jackson, WL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1420 EP 1421 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.000167073.99222.50 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 939HU UT WOS:000230064100035 PM 15942365 ER PT J AU Jackson, WL AF Jackson, WL TI Toward directed therapy for amphetamine-mediated hyperthermia: Is carvedilol worth raving about? SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SYMPATHETIC-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE ECSTASY; MDMA; PHARMACOLOGY; RATS C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jackson, WL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1443 EP 1445 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000166353.01207.7B PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 939HU UT WOS:000230064100051 PM 15942381 ER PT J AU Sanders, JW Putnam, SD Gould, P Kolisnyk, J Merced, N Barthel, V Rozmajzl, PJ Shaheen, H Fouad, S Frenck, RW AF Sanders, JW Putnam, SD Gould, P Kolisnyk, J Merced, N Barthel, V Rozmajzl, PJ Shaheen, H Fouad, S Frenck, RW TI Diarrheal illness among deployed US military personnel during Operation Bright Star 2001 - Egypt SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE diarrhea; E. coli; pathogens; military; Egypt; Middle East; cryptosporidium ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAYS; TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; IDENTIFICATION; ANIMALS; DISEASE; STOOL; CAIRO AB In the fall of 2001, approximately 15,000 U.S. military personnel participated in a military exercise in the northwestern Egyptian desert. To assess the prevalence and impact of diarrhea and enteropathogen distribution, we conducted a post-deployment survey and a case series study. A departure convenience sampling (n = 3725) was used in the post-deployment survey. Overall, 9.3% reported diarrhea, 2.6% sought medical care, and 2.8% stopped or decreased their work for at least a day. Among those reporting diarrhea, 41.7% had symptoms for less than 2 days, 43.5% had symptoms from 2-5 days, and 14.8% had symptoms for more than 5 days. In the case series study, Pathogens were identified in 53.6% of the 129 cases enrolled. Pathogens identified included enterotoxigenic E. coli (n = 53), enteroaggregative E Coli (n = 13), Cryptosporidium (n = 9), Campylobacter jejuni (n = 7), noroviruses (n = 7), Shigella flexneri (n = 2), rotavirus (n = 2), and Entamoeba histolytica (n = 2). Among those seeking care for diarrhea, two thirds reported a decreased ability or inability to perform their jobs for at least one day, but overall, diarrhea was much less prevalent than in past surveys in this region, with minimal impact on the mission. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Naval Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta 96250, Indonesia. USAF, Inst Operat Hlth, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Res, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. RP Sanders, JW (reprint author), Naval Med Res Unit 3, AE 09835, Cairo, Egypt. EM sandersj@namru3.med.navy.mil NR 20 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 52 IS 2 BP 85 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.02.005 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 945QS UT WOS:000230517800002 PM 15964494 ER PT J AU Bauer, SJ Orio, K Adams, BD AF Bauer, SJ Orio, K Adams, BD TI Succinylcholine induced masseter spasm during rapid sequence intubation may require a surgical airway: case report SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA; EMERGENCY; ANESTHESIA; INDUCTION; TRISMUS C1 Infantry Div 4th, Brigade 2, Surg Sect, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Bauer, SJ (reprint author), Infantry Div 4th, Brigade 2, Surg Sect, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. EM sberdoc@aol.com NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1472-0205 J9 EMERG MED J JI Emerg. Med. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 22 IS 6 BP 456 EP 458 DI 10.1136/emj.2004.014571 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 929AB UT WOS:000229312800024 PM 15911964 ER PT J AU Kalinich, JF Emond, CA Dalton, TK Mog, SR Coleman, GD Kordell, JE Miller, AC McClain, DE AF Kalinich, JF Emond, CA Dalton, TK Mog, SR Coleman, GD Kordell, JE Miller, AC McClain, DE TI Embedded weapons-grade tungsten alloy shrapnel rapidly induces, metastatic high-grade rhabdomyosarcomas in F344 rats SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY; METAL CARCINOGENESIS; MALIGNANT TUMOURS; NICKEL COMPOUNDS; COBALT POWDER; TOXICITY; BODY AB Continuing concern regarding the potential health and environmental effects of depleted: uranium and lead has resulted in many countries adding tungsten alloy (WA)-based munitions to their battlefield arsenals as replacements for these metals. Because the alloys used in many munitions are relatively recent additions to the list of militarily relevant metals, very little is known about the health effects of these metals after internalization as embedded shrapnel. Previous work in this laboratory developed a rodent model system that mimicked shrapnel loads seen in wounded personnel from the 1991 Persian Gulf War. In the present study, we used that system and male F344 rats, implanted intramuscularly with pellets (1 min X 2 min cylinders) of weapons-grade WA, to simulate shrapnel wounds. Rats were implanted with 4 (low dose) or 20 pellets (high dose) of WA. Tantalum (20 pellets) and nickel (20 pellets) served as negative and positive controls, respectively. The high-dose WA-implanted rats (n = 46) developed extremely aggressive tumors surrounding the pellets within 4-5 months after implantation. The low-dose WA-implanted rats (n = 46) and nickel-implanted rats (n = 36) also developed tumors surrounding the pellets but at a slower rate. Rats implanted with tantalum (n = 46), an inert control metal, did not develop tumors. Tumor yield was 100% in both the low- and high-dose WA groups. The tumors, characterized as high-grade pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas by histopathology and immunohistochemical examination, rapidly metastasized to the lung and necessitated euthanasia of the animal. Significant hematologic changes, indicative of polycythemia, were also observed in the high-dose WA-implanted rats. These changes were apparent as early as 1 month postimplantation in the high-dose WA rats, well before any overt signs of tumor development. These results point out the need for further studies investigating the health effects of tungsten and tungsten-based alloys. C1 Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Heavy Met Res Team, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Dept Vet Sci, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Vet Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kalinich, JF (reprint author), Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Heavy Met Res Team, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM kalinich@afrri.usuhs.mil NR 33 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 13 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 113 IS 6 BP 729 EP 734 DI 10.1289/ehp.7791 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 931BL UT WOS:000229460700035 PM 15929896 ER PT J AU Trevino, SG Schuschereba, ST Bowman, PD Tsin, A AF Trevino, SG Schuschereba, ST Bowman, PD Tsin, A TI Lecithin: retinol acyltransferase in ARPE-19 SO EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE LRAT; retinal pigment epithelium; vitamin A; retinyl ester; ARPE-19 ID PIGMENT EPITHELIAL-CELLS; VISUAL CYCLE; VITAMIN-A; ISOMEROHYDROLASE; 11-CIS-RETINOL; ESTERIFICATION; MICROSOMES; CULTURE; ESTERS; LINE AB The purpose of this study is to investigate if a readily available cell line (APRE-19) may be used to study in vitro function of visual cycle enzymes such as lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT). Cells incubated with exogenous retinol accumulated intracellular all-trans retinol and all-trans retinyl ester. Membrane proteins from ARPE-19 exhibited LRAT activity, which was inhibited by an LRAT inhibitor, retinyl bromoacetate (RBA). Gene microarray and Western blot results indicated that ARPE-19 cells expressed LRAT transcript and the LRAT protein. Therefore. our data show that ARPE-19 contains an active LRAT enzyme and suggest that it is an appropriate cell system to study visual cycle enzymes. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tsin, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM atsin@utsa.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 07717, GM 08194] NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0014-4835 J9 EXP EYE RES JI Exp. Eye Res. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 80 IS 6 BP 897 EP 900 DI 10.1016/j.exer.2005.02.013 PG 4 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 940RM UT WOS:000230161700018 PM 15939047 ER PT J AU Morrison, CR Provenza, A Kurkov, A Montague, G Duffy, K Mehmed, O Johnson, D Jansen, R AF Morrison, CR Provenza, A Kurkov, A Montague, G Duffy, K Mehmed, O Johnson, D Jansen, R TI Fully suspended, five-axis, three-magnetic-bearing dynamic spin rig with forced excitation SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE magnetic bearing; thrust bearing; active magnetic bearing; five-axis magnetic bearing; fully suspended rotor AB A significant advancement in the dynamic spin rig (DSR), i.e., the five-axis, three-magnetic-bearing DSR, is used to perform vibration tests of turbomachinery blades and components under rotating and non-rotating conditions in a vacuum. The rig has three magnetic bearings as its critical components: two heteropolar radial active magnetic bearings and a magnetic thrust bearing. The bearing configuration allows full vertical rotor magnetic suspension along with a feed-forward control feature, which enables the excitation of various modes of vibration in the bladed disk test articles. The theoretical, mechanical, electrical, and electronic aspects of the rig are discussed. Also presented are the forced-excitation results of a fully levitated, rotating and non-rotating, unbladed rotor and a fully levitated, rotating and non-rotating, bladed rotor in which a pair of blades were arranged 1800 apart from each other. These tests include the "bounce" mode excitation of the rotor in which the rotor was excited at the blade natural frequency of 144 Hz. The rotor natural mode frequency of 355 Hz was discerned from the plot of acceleration versus frequency. For non-rotating blades, a blade-tip excitation amplitude of approximately 100 g A(-1) as achieved at the first-bending critical (&SIM; 144 Hz) and at the first-torsional and second-bending blade modes. A blade-tip displacement of 1.778 x 10(-3)m (70 mils) was achieved at the first-bending critical by exciting the blades at a forced-excitation phase angle of 901 relative to the vertical plane containing the blades while simultaneously rotating the shaft at 3000 rpm. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. USA, Res Lab, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Morrison, CR (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM carlos.r.morrison@nasa.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 45 IS 3 BP 226 EP 237 DI 10.1007/BF02427946 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 926WH UT WOS:000229153900005 ER PT J AU Warfield, KL Swenson, DL Demmin, GL Bavari, S AF Warfield, Kelly L. Swenson, Dona L. Demmin, Gretchen L. Bavari, Sina TI Filovirus-like particles as vaccines and discovery tools SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Review DE antibodies; cytotoxic T-lymphocytes; Ebola; filovirus; Marburg; protective immunity; vaccines; virus-like particles ID VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; INACTIVATED MARBURG VIRUS; EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; FOLATE RECEPTOR-ALPHA; DENDRITIC CELLS; DC-SIGN; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES AB Ebola and Marburg viruses are members of the family Filoviridae, which cause severe hemorrhagic fevers in humans. Filovirus outbreaks have been sporadic, with mortality rates currently ranging from 30 to 90%. Unfortunately, there is no efficacious human therapy or vaccine available to treat disease caused by either Ebola or Marburg virus infection. Expression of the filovirus matrix protein, VP40, is sufficient to drive spontaneous production and release of virus-like particles (VLPs) that resemble the distinctively filamentous infectious virions. The addition of other filovirus proteins, including virion proteins (VP)24, 30 and 35 and glycoprotein, increases the efficiency of VLP production and results in particles containing multiple filovirus antigens. Vaccination with Ebola or Marburg VLPs containing glycoprotein and VP40 completely protects rodents from lethal challenge with the homologous virus. These candidate vaccines are currently being tested for immunogenicity and efficacy in nonhuman primates. Furthermore, the Ebola and Marburg VLPs are being used as a surrogate model to further understand the filovirus life cycle, with the goal of developing rationally designed vaccines and therapeutics. Thus, in addition to their use as a vaccine, VLPs are currently being used as tools to learn lessons about filovirus pathogenesis, immunology, replication and assembly requirements. C1 USA, Med Serv Corps, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Serv Corps, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM kelly.warfield@det.amedd.army.mil; dana.swenson@det.amedd.army.mil; gretchen.demmin@det.amedd.army.mil; sina.bavari@det.amedd.army.mil NR 98 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 5 PU FUTURE DRUGS LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD JUN PY 2005 VL 4 IS 3 BP 429 EP 440 DI 10.1586/14760584.4.3.429 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 089ZP UT WOS:000240920700022 PM 16026254 ER PT J AU Dainty, LA Bosco, JJ McBroom, JW Winter, WE Rose, GS Elkas, JC AF Dainty, LA Bosco, JJ McBroom, JW Winter, WE Rose, GS Elkas, JC TI Novel techniques to improve split-thickness skin graft viability during vulvo-vaginal reconstruction SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fibrin tissue adhesives; split-thickness skin grafts; vulvo-vaginal reconstruction; wound vacuum-assisted closure device ID VACUUM-ASSISTED CLOSURE; FIBRIN GLUE; WOUND FAILURES AB Background. Split-thickness skin grafts are often utilized for vulvo-vaginal reconstruction. Unfortunately, infection and sloughing may occur in up to 22% of patients with standard techniques especially at irradiated recipient sites. Cases. We report seven cases of vulvo-vaginal reconstruction using split-thickness skin grafts. In this series, we used fibrin tissue adhesives with and without vacuum-assisted closure devices to augment graft adherence and viability. We briefly describe the clinical history, surgical techniques, and outcomes of the cohort. Conclusion. Fibrin tissue adhesives and wound vacuum-assisted closure devices may improve the viability of split-thickness skin grafts during vulvo-vaginal reconstruction. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Elkas, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM john.elkas@na.amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 97 IS 3 BP 949 EP 952 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.03.021 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 937TJ UT WOS:000229948200037 PM 15896830 ER PT J AU Nigg, CR Jordan, PJ AF Nigg, CR Jordan, PJ TI Commentary: It's a difference of opinion that makes a horserace... SO HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID BEHAVIOR; SMOKING C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Nigg, CR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM cnigg@hawaii.edu NR 9 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1153 J9 HEALTH EDUC RES JI Health Educ. Res. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 20 IS 3 BP 291 EP 293 DI 10.1093/her/cyg124 PG 3 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 926HF UT WOS:000229113500003 PM 15632098 ER PT J AU James, PJ Nyby, JG Milinchuk, JE Saviolakis, GA AF James, PJ Nyby, JG Milinchuk, JE Saviolakis, GA TI Sexually stimulated testosterone release in male mice: Roles of genotype and sexual arousal. SO HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Behavioral-Neuroendocrinology CY JUN 22-25, 2005 CL Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX SP Soc Behav Neuroendocrinol HO Univ Texas Austin C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0018-506X J9 HORM BEHAV JI Horm. Behav. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 MA 173 BP 117 EP 118 PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 934KR UT WOS:000229708200181 ER PT J AU James, PJ Nyby, JG Milinchuk, JE Saviolakis, GA AF James, PJ Nyby, JG Milinchuk, JE Saviolakis, GA TI Mimicking pulsatile testosterone release in male house mice (mus musculus). SO HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Behavioral-Neuroendocrinology CY JUN 22-25, 2005 CL Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX SP Soc Behav Neuroendocrinol HO Univ Texas Austin C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0018-506X J9 HORM BEHAV JI Horm. Behav. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 48 IS 1 MA 174 BP 118 EP 118 PG 1 WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 934KR UT WOS:000229708200182 ER PT J AU Pavlin, JA AF Pavlin, JA TI Medical surveillance for biological terrorism agents SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE syndromic surveillance; evaluation; bioterrorism ID SYNDROMIC SURVEILLANCE; BIOTERRORISM; DISEASE; SYSTEM; CLUSTERS; RECORDS AB The first recognition of a bioterrorist attack may be sick patients. Recognition and subsequent notification of an attack at the earliest possible moment will assist in rapidly instituting protective measures. New methods of medical surveillance can assist with rapid detection. Syndromic surveillance is the use of newly created or pre-existing databases to track the health of communities. The data can include medical and non-medical information, but typically contains non-specific indicators of health status. These systems are currently being tested and fielded in multiple locations, and nationwide systems are being developed in the United States. Retrospective and prospective analyses have demonstrated the ability of the data to detect disease outbreaks, but the systems have yet to be proven to lead to more effective interventions. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Field Studies, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Pavlin, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Field Studies, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM julie.pavlin@us.army.mil NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 11 IS 3 BP 525 EP 537 DI 10.1080/10807030590949627 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 945NX UT WOS:000230510300005 ER PT J AU Ruff, WC Aliberti, K Giza, M Shen, HG Stann, B Stead, M AF Ruff, WC Aliberti, K Giza, M Shen, HG Stann, B Stead, M TI Characterization of a 1 x 32 element metal-semiconductor-metal optoelectronic mixer array for FM/cw LADAR SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE laser detection and ranging (LADAR); laser radar; metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) detectors; optoelectronic mixers (OEMs); self-mixing detectors ID LASER RADAR AB We characterize a 1 x 32 element metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector (MSM-PD) array utilized for optoelectronic mixing in an incoherent, amplitude-modulated laser detection and ranging (LADAR) system. The MSM-PDs that make up the one-dimensional array internally detect and down-convert light signals that are amplitude modulated at ultrahigh frequency (UHF). Range information is contained in the low-frequency mixing product derived by mixing a reference UHF chirp with a detected, time-delayed UHF chirp. When utilized in the LADAR System, the MSM-PDs eliminate the nee or wideband transimpedance amplifiers in the LADAR receiver. This, in turn, reduces both the cost and complexity of the system. The breadboard LADAR architecture and components are described, and fundamental measurements and imagery taken from the LADAR, using these unique MSM-PDs, are also presented. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ruff, WC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM wruff@arl.army.mil; katiberti@arl.army.mil; mgiza@arl.army.mil; pshen@arl.army.mi; bstann@arl.army.mil; mstead@arl.army.mil NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1530-437X J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 5 IS 3 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2005.844323 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 925WQ UT WOS:000229084500015 ER PT J AU Sung, Y Tong, L Swami, A AF Sung, Y Tong, L Swami, A TI Asymptotic locally optimal detector for large-scale sensor networks under the Poisson regime SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE asymptotically locally most powerful (ALMP); distributed detection; fusion rule; local asymptotic normality (LAN); Neyman-Pearson criterion; spatial Poisson process; spatially varying signal ID NON-GAUSSIAN NOISE; DISTRIBUTED DETECTION; DECENTRALIZED DETECTION; MULTIPLE SENSORS; FUSION; SIGNALS AB We consider distributed detection with a large number of identical binary sensors deployed over a region where the phenomenon of interest (POI) has spatially varying signal strength. Each sensor makes a binary decision based on its own measurement, and the local decision of each sensor is sent to a fusion center using a random access protocol. The fusion center decides whether the event has occurred under a global size constraint in the Neyman-Pearson formulation. Assuming homogeneous Poisson distributed sensors, we show that the distribution of "alarmed" sensors satisfies the local asymptotic normality (LAN). We then derive an asymptotically locally most powerful (ALMP) detector optimized jointly over the fusion form and the local sensor threshold under the Poisson regime. We establish conditions on the spatial signal shape that ensure the existence of the ALMP detector. We show that the ALMP test statistic is a weighted sum of local decisions, the optimal weights being the shape of the spatial signal; the exact value of the signal strength is not required. We also derive the optimal threshold for each sensor. For the case of independent, identically distributed (iid) sensor observations, we show that the counting-based detector is also ALMP under the Poisson regime. The performance of the proposed detector is evaluated through analytic results and Monte Carlo simulations and compared with that of the counting-based detector. The effect of mismatched signal shapes is also investigated. C1 Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sung, Y (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ys87@ece.cornell.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu; a.swami@iece.org RI Sung, Youngchul/C-1671-2011 NR 31 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 53 IS 6 BP 2005 EP 2017 DI 10.1109/TSP.2005.847827 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 930VA UT WOS:000229444000005 ER PT J AU Conger, NG Hospenthal, DR AF Conger, NG Hospenthal, DR TI Current therapy for onychomycosis SO INFECTIONS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE onychomycosis; antifungal therapy; terbinafine; azoles ID TOENAIL ONYCHOMYCOSIS; COMBINATION THERAPY; NAIL LACQUER; DOUBLE-BLIND; ITRACONAZOLE; TERBINAFINE; AMOROLFINE; 8-PERCENT C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Conger, NG (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0749-6524 J9 INFECT MED JI Infect. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 22 IS 6 BP 280 EP 283 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 935YY UT WOS:000229820500011 ER PT J AU Kleijnen, JPC Sanchez, SM Lucas, TW Cioppa, TM AF Kleijnen, JPC Sanchez, SM Lucas, TW Cioppa, TM TI A user's guide to the brave new world of designing simulation experiments SO INFORMS JOURNAL ON COMPUTING LA English DT Review DE simulation; design of experiments; metamodels; Latin hypercube; sequential bifurcation; robust design ID COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; SAMPLING CRITERIA; ROBUST DESIGN; OUTPUT; MODEL; OPTIMIZATION; METHODOLOGY; METAMODELS; MANAGEMENT AB Many simulation practitioners can get more from their analyses by using the statistical theory on design of experiments (DOE) developed specifically for exploring computer models. We discuss a toolkit of designs for simulators with limited DOE expertise who want to select a design and an appropriate analysis for their experiments. Furthermore, we provide a research agenda listing problems in the design of simulation experiments-as opposed to real-world experiments-that require more investigation. We consider three types of practical problems: (1) developing a basic understanding of a particular simulation model or system, (2) finding robust decisions or policies as opposed to so-called optimal solutions, and (3) comparing the merits of various decisions or policies. Our discussion emphasizes aspects that are typical for simulation, such as having many more factors than in real-world experiments, and the sequential nature of the data collection. Because the same problem type may be addressed through different design types, we discuss quality attributes of designs, such as the ease of design construction, the flexibility for analysis, and efficiency considerations. Moreover, the selection of the design type depends on the metamodel (response surface) that the analysts tentatively assume; for example, complicated metamodels require more simulation runs. We present several procedures to validate the metamodel estimated from a specific design, and we summarize a case study illustrating several of our major themes. We conclude with a discussion of areas that merit more work to achieve the potential benefits-either via new research or incorporation into standard simulation or statistical packages. C1 Tilburg Univ, Ctr Econ Res, Dept Informat Syst & Management, NL-5000 LE Tilburg, Netherlands. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Operat Res, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Grad Sch Business & Publ Policy, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, US Army Training & Doctrine Command Anal Ctr, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Tilburg Univ, Ctr Econ Res, Dept Informat Syst & Management, Postbox 90153, NL-5000 LE Tilburg, Netherlands. EM kleiinen@uvt.nl; ssanchez@nps.edu; twlucas@nps.edu; thomas.cioppa@us.army.mil NR 128 TC 151 Z9 158 U1 4 U2 31 PU INFORMS PI CATONSVILLE PA 5521 RESEARCH PARK DR, SUITE 200, CATONSVILLE, MD 21228 USA SN 1091-9856 EI 1526-5528 J9 INFORMS J COMPUT JI INFORMS J. Comput. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 17 IS 3 BP 263 EP 289 DI 10.1287/ijoc.1050.0136 PG 27 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA 953EG UT WOS:000231058700001 ER PT J AU Schmidt, MD Sulsky, SI Amoroso, PJ AF Schmidt, MD Sulsky, SI Amoroso, PJ TI Effectiveness of an outside-the-boot ankle brace in reducing parachuting related ankle injuries SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article AB Objectives: To examine the efficacy of an outside-the-boot parachute ankle brace (PAB) in reducing risk of ankle injury to army paratrooper trainees and to identify inadvertent risks associated with PAB use. Design: The authors compared hospitalization rates for ankle, musculoskeletal, and other traumatic injury among 223 172 soldiers trained 1985 - 2002 in time periods defined by presence/absence of PAB use protocols. Multiple logistic regression analysis estimated adjusted odds ratios ( OR) and 95% confidence intervals for injury outcomes, comparing pre and post brace periods to the brace protocol period. Setting: A research database consisting of training rosters from the US Army Airborne training facility ( Fort Benning, GA) occupational, demographic, and hospitalization information. Main outcome measures: Injuries were considered training related if they occurred during a five week period starting with first scheduled static line parachute jump and a parachuting cause of injury code appeared in the hospital record. Results: Of 939 parachuting related hospitalizations during the defined risk period, 597 ( 63.6%) included an ankle injury diagnosis, 198 (21.1%) listed a musculoskeletal (non-ankle) injury, and 69 (7.3%) cited injuries to multiple body parts. Risk of ankle injury hospitalization was higher during both pre-brace ( adjusted OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.92 to 2.95) and post-brace ( adjusted OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.32) periods compared with the brace protocol period. Odds of musculoskeletal (non-ankle) injury or injury to multiple body parts did not change between the brace and post-brace periods. Conclusion: Use of a PAB during airborne training appears to reduce risk of ankle injury without increasing risk of other types of traumatic injury. C1 ENVIRON Int Corp, Amherst, MA 01004 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Sulsky, SI (reprint author), ENVIRON Int Corp, POB 2424, Amherst, MA 01004 USA. EM ssulsky@environcorp.com NR 12 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 5 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 11 IS 3 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1136/ip.2004.006304 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 932CZ UT WOS:000229533100010 PM 15933409 ER PT J AU Daddis, GA AF Daddis, GA TI Leadership and responsibility in the Second World War - Essays in honour of Robert Vogel SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Daddis, GA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN INST INT AFFAIRS PI TORONTO PA 205 RICHMOND STREET WEST, STE 302, TORONTO, ONTARIO M5V 1V3, CANADA SN 0020-7020 J9 INT J JI Int. J. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 60 IS 3 BP 864 EP 866 DI 10.2307/40204072 PG 3 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 986XT UT WOS:000233483700022 ER PT J AU Armstrong, LE Pumerantz, AC Roti, MW Judelson, DA Watson, G Dias, JC Sokmen, B Casa, DJ Maresh, CM Lieberman, H Kellogg, M AF Armstrong, LE Pumerantz, AC Roti, MW Judelson, DA Watson, G Dias, JC Sokmen, B Casa, DJ Maresh, CM Lieberman, H Kellogg, M TI Fluid, electrolyte, and renal indices of hydration during 11 days of controlled caffeine consumption SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE sodium; potassium; diuretic; urine specific gravity; urine osmolality ID EXERCISE; PERFORMANCE; BODY; REHYDRATION; BEVERAGES; INGESTION; BALANCE; HUMANS; DRINKS AB This investigation determined if 3 levels of controlled caffeine consumption affected fluid-electrolyte balance and renal function differently. Healthy males (mean standard deviation; age, 21.6 +/- 3.3 y) consumed 3 mg caffeine (.) kg(-1) (.) d(-1) on days I to 6 (equilibration phase). On days 7 to 11 (treatment phase), subjects consumed either 0 mg (CO; placebo; n = 20), 3 mg (C3; n = 20), or 6 mg (C6; n = 19) caffeine (.) kg(-1) (.) d(-1) in capsules, with no other dietary caffeine intake. The following variables were unaffected (P > 0.05) by different caffeine doses on days 1, 3, 6, 9, and 11 and were within normal clinical ranges: body mass, urine osmolality, urine specific gravity, urine color, 24-h urine volume, 24-h Na+ and K+ excretion, 24-h creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, serum Na+ and K+, serum osmolality, hematocrit, and total plasma protein. Therefore, C0, C3, and C6 exhibited no evidence of hypohydration. These findings question the widely accepted notion that caffeine consumption acts chronically as a diuretic. C1 Univ Connecticut, Human Performance Lab, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Armstrong, LE (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Human Performance Lab, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RI Watson, Greig/J-7488-2014; OI Watson, Greig/0000-0002-3438-0203; Kellogg, Mark/0000-0003-1868-2153 NR 37 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 30 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1526-484X J9 INT J SPORT NUTR EXE JI Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 15 IS 3 BP 252 EP 265 PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Sport Sciences SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Sport Sciences GA 935FN UT WOS:000229765200005 PM 16131696 ER PT J AU Yoshihara, T Holmes, J AF Yoshihara, T Holmes, J TI China, a unified Korea, and geopolitics SO ISSUES & STUDIES LA English DT Article DE geopolitics; Alfred Thayer!Mahan; maritime strategy; Korean; unification; PRC-Korean relations AB How will the People's Republic of China respond to the unification of Korea? This study hypothesizes that some sort of reconciliation process, leading ultimately to reunification, will take place on the Korean Peninsula over the next decade. It postulates that Korean unification would occur without an armed conflict that would poison relations between North and South, and that it would leave the peninsula under the control of Seoul. Unification would give birth to a sizable regional power whether measured by population, industrial capacity, or military capability. The study considers how China would respond to these striking developments. In so doing, it identifies dynamics that would influence China's response, even should unification play out in a less benign fashion than hypothesized here. Viewed from Beijing, a united Korea, especially one that played host to U.S. military and naval forces, could cast a long shadow over China's seaborne commerce, the wellspring of economic vitality for northern China. In recent years it has become abundantly clear that Being will play a crucial role in the future of Korea. Despite the intellectual and policy attention accorded China's role on the peninsula, one factor remains woefully unexplored: the influence of geopolitics on Chinese strategic thought. This essay argues that geopolitics is alive and well in East Asia. China's history will shape its attitude toward Korean unification and impart. a distinct geographical hue to its foreign policy calculations. Beijing will resist the emergence of a pro-American Korea that could imperil China's access to East Asian and Pacific waterways. It will formulate its regional policy and maritime strategy accordingly. C1 USA, War Coll, Montgomery, AL USA. Inst Foreign Policy Anal, Cambridge, MA USA. Univ Georgia, Ctr Int Trade & Secur, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Yoshihara, T (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Montgomery, AL USA. EM toshi.yoshihara@maxwell.af.mil; jholmes@uga.edu NR 91 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU INST INTERNAT RELATIONS PI MUCHA PA 64 WAN SHOU ROAD, MUCHA, TAIPEI, TAIWAN SN 1013-2511 J9 ISSUES STUD JI Issues Stud. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 41 IS 2 BP 119 EP 169 PG 51 WC Area Studies; International Relations; Political Science SC Area Studies; International Relations; Government & Law GA 961WS UT WOS:000231693100004 ER PT J AU Szerlip, MA Desalvo, KB Szerlip, HM AF Szerlip, MA Desalvo, KB Szerlip, HM TI Predictors of HIV-infection in older adults SO JOURNAL OF AGING AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HIV-infection; risk assessment; aged ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; RISK BEHAVIORS; AIDS; AMERICANS; PEOPLE; AGE; SEROCONVERSION; PROGRESSION AB This article is a retrospective case-control study of patients from a Veteran's Affairs Medical Center and an urban public hospital. Patients (53) older than 55 at the time of their HIV diagnosis were age- and gender-matched to 106 HIV-negative controls. Potential predictors of HIV-infection were abstracted from the medical records. HIV-positive patients were more likely to have a history of sexually transmitted diseases, have Hepatitis B+, and have significant differences in their mean globulin, serum sodium, albumin, and hemoglobin levels. The mean albumin to globulin ratio was also statistically, significantly different between the HIV-positive patients and the controls. These data suggest that for patients older than 55, certain medical history parameters may be useful in predicting risk of being HIV-positive. An albumin to globulin, ratio < 1.0, especially when combined with a history of alcohol abuse or prior sexually transmitted disease, should prompt all physicians to screen their older patients for HIV. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Internal Med Clin, Dept Med Off, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Szerlip, MA (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Med Ctr, Internal Med Clin, Dept Med Off, 4th Floor,Bldg 300, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM mszerlip@yahoo.com NR 27 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0898-2643 J9 J AGING HEALTH JI J. Aging Health PD JUN PY 2005 VL 17 IS 3 BP 293 EP 304 DI 10.1177/0898264305276298 PG 12 WC Gerontology; Health Policy & Services SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 926WE UT WOS:000229153600002 PM 15857960 ER PT J AU Aimone, AC AF Aimone, Alan C. TI Days of glory: The Army of the Cumberland, 1861-1865. SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad Lib, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Aimone, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad Lib, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 92 IS 1 BP 218 EP 219 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 082JE UT WOS:000240381900050 ER PT J AU Millett, JCF Bourne, NK Dandekar, DP AF Millett, JCF Bourne, NK Dandekar, DP TI Delayed failure in a shock-loaded silicon carbide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BRITTLE SOLIDS; INELASTIC DEFORMATION; SHEAR-STRENGTH; SPALL STRENGTH; BORON-CARBIDE; WAVES; GLASS; ALUMINA; IMPACT AB The shock response of a silicon carbide has been investigated using the methods of plate impact, and monitored using manganin stress gauges mounted so as to be responsive to lateral stress. Close to the impact face, a two-step stress response is observed, indicating the presence of delayed failure at the impact face. As the shock front moves through the target, the failure wave appears to slow, before arresting between 4 and 6 mm from the impact face. Measured shear stresses (ahead of the failure front) are in good agreement with the calculated elastic response, and with similar measurements made by both ourselves in other grades of silicon carbide and other authors. In gauge traces where the failure wave was not observed, a slight decrease in lateral stress (and thus a corresponding increase in shear strength) has been noticed. A similar response in some metals (in combination with recovery work in other ceramics) has led us to suggest that a degree of plastic deformation, in combination with a more brittle response, has occurred. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. USA, Res Lab, Weap Mat Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Millett, JCF (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Royal Mil Coll Sci, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. EM j.c.f.millett@cranfield.ac.uk RI Bourne, Neil/A-7544-2008 NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 11 AR 113513 DI 10.1063/1.1923161 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 935SW UT WOS:000229804700029 ER PT J AU Bushley, DM Holzinger, KA Winkle, RK Le, LH Olkowski, JD AF Bushley, DM Holzinger, KA Winkle, RK Le, LH Olkowski, JD TI Lamellar interface fluid accumulation following traumatic corneal perforation and laser in situ keratomileusis SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID GLAUCOMA AB A 41-year-old man with myopic astigmatism had laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in each eye in April 2002. Ten months later, he sustained a central perforating corneal injury to the right eye. One day following repair of the corneal wound, he presented with diffuse corneal epithelial microcystic edema, lamellar interface fluid accumulation, and 20/400 visual acuity. Additional sutures were placed to close a presumed posterior wound gape with complete resolution of the corneal edema and lamellar interface fluid collection. One year later, his best corrected visual acuity measured 20/20 + in the right eye. This case is the first to document lamellar interface fluid accumulation following LASIK owing to traumatic disruption of the corneal endothelium. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, MCHKDS, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Eyesight Hawaii, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Holzinger, KA (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, MCHKDS, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM holzingek001@hawaii.rr.com NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1249 EP 1251 DI 10.1016/j.jcrs.2004.10.065 PG 3 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 952DR UT WOS:000230982800038 PM 16039507 ER PT J AU Stojadinovic, A Moskovitz, O Gallimidi, Z Fields, S Brooks, AD Brem, R Mucciola, RN Singh, M Shriver, CD AF Stojadinovic, A Moskovitz, O Gallimidi, Z Fields, S Brooks, AD Brem, R Mucciola, RN Singh, M Shriver, CD TI Prospective study of electrical impedance scanning for identifying young women at risk for breast cancer. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Bnai Zion Hosp, Haifa, Israel. Rambam Med Ctr, Haifa, Israel. Hadassah Univ Hosp, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. Wilbur Med Ctr, Johnstown, PA USA. Cornell Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 51S EP 51S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326600203 ER PT J AU Patnaik, A Beeram, M de Bono, JS Mita, A Chu, SC Rowinsky, EK Schwartz, G O'Rourke, P Takimoto, CH Tolcher, AW AF Patnaik, A Beeram, M de Bono, JS Mita, A Chu, SC Rowinsky, EK Schwartz, G O'Rourke, P Takimoto, CH Tolcher, AW TI Phase I and pharmacokinetics (PK) of combined erbB1 and erbB2 blockade with OSI-774 (erlotinib; E) and trastuzumab (T) in combination with weekly paclitaxel (P) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 CTRC, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 135S EP 135S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326600533 ER PT J AU Beeram, M Saif, MW Sarantopoulos, J Schwartz, G Patnaik, A Tolcher, AW Cheverton, P Kimura, M Danna, M Takimoto, CH AF Beeram, M Saif, MW Sarantopoulos, J Schwartz, G Patnaik, A Tolcher, AW Cheverton, P Kimura, M Danna, M Takimoto, CH TI A phase 1, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) study of the combination of an oral antimicrotubular agent, DJ-927 (0), and capecitabine (C) in patients (Pts) with advanced solid tumors. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. CTRC, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Daiichi Med Res Inc, Pk Ridge, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 144S EP 144S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326600571 ER PT J AU Scripture, CD Szebeni, J Figg, WD Sparreboom, A AF Scripture, CD Szebeni, J Figg, WD Sparreboom, A TI Comparative in vitro properties and pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel following the administration of Taxol and Paxene. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Natl Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Sparreboom, Alex/B-3247-2008; Figg Sr, William/M-2411-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 157S EP 157S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326601043 ER PT J AU Gurney, JM Hueman, MT Woll, MM Ryan, GB Storrer, CE Fisher, C Shriver, CD Ioannides, CG Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Gurney, JM Hueman, MT Woll, MM Ryan, GB Storrer, CE Fisher, C Shriver, CD Ioannides, CG Ponniah, S Peoples, GE TI Clinical trial results of a HER2/neu (E75) vaccine to prevent recurrence in high-risk breast cancer patients. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Clin Breast Care Project, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 184S EP 184S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326601149 ER PT J AU Toubaji, A Achtar, MS Herrin, VE Provenzano, M Bernstein, S Brent-Steel, T Marincola, F Khleif, SN AF Toubaji, A Achtar, MS Herrin, VE Provenzano, M Bernstein, S Brent-Steel, T Marincola, F Khleif, SN TI Immunotherapeutic role of mutant ras peptide-based vaccine as an adjuvant in pancreatic and colorectal cancer. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 184S EP 184S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326601148 ER PT J AU Mita, CA Schwartz, G Mita, MM Papadopoulos, K Wood, L de Jonge, M Yancik, S Hamilton, M Santabarbara, P Rowinsky, E AF Mita, CA Schwartz, G Mita, MM Papadopoulos, K Wood, L de Jonge, M Yancik, S Hamilton, M Santabarbara, P Rowinsky, E TI A pilot, pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic (PD) study to determine the feasibility of intrapatient dose escalation to tolerable rash and the activity of maximal doses of erlotinib (E) in previously treated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Rotterdam, Netherlands. OSI Pharmaceut Inc, Melville, NY USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 203S EP 203S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326601222 ER PT J AU Cragaun, JM Elahi, A Boulware, D Beam, C Sayer, R Maxwell, GL Sutphen, R Berchuck, A Lancaster, JM AF Cragaun, JM Elahi, A Boulware, D Beam, C Sayer, R Maxwell, GL Sutphen, R Berchuck, A Lancaster, JM TI Characterization of the insulin-like growth factor pathway in endometrial cancers. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 H Lee Moffit Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Tampa, FL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Med, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 474S EP 474S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326603124 ER PT J AU Farley, JH Truong, V McBroom, J Goo, E Larsen, W AF Farley, JH Truong, V McBroom, J Goo, E Larsen, W TI A randomized double-blind phase II evaluation of the cyclooxygenase-2 protein inhibitor celecoxib in treating severe dysplasia of the cervix. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Keller Army Med Ctr, West Point, NY USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 480S EP 480S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326603148 ER PT J AU Berenberg, JL Rasmussen, T Cina, C Chung, M Davis, J Donlon, S AF Berenberg, JL Rasmussen, T Cina, C Chung, M Davis, J Donlon, S TI Efficacy of cancer risk assessment (CRA) through teleconferencing. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 534S EP 534S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326603356 ER PT J AU Becker, TE Ellsworth, RE Ellsworth, DL Deyarmin, B Hooke, JA Shriver, CD AF Becker, TE Ellsworth, RE Ellsworth, DL Deyarmin, B Hooke, JA Shriver, CD TI The genomic heritage of metastatic axillary lymph node tumors in breast cancer. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Windber Res Inst, CBCP, Windber, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 840S EP 840S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326605398 ER PT J AU Mansfield, B Shriver, CD Yip, P Hitt, B Hooke, J Somiari, S Flynn, J Liebman, M AF Mansfield, B Shriver, CD Yip, P Hitt, B Hooke, J Somiari, S Flynn, J Liebman, M TI A serum pattern predictive of breast cancer. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Correl Syst Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Windber Res Inst, CBCP, Windber, PA USA. Landstuhl RMC, CBCP, Landstuhl, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 848S EP 848S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326605429 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, RE Ellsworth, DL Deyarmin, B Hoffman, LR Hooke, JA Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, RE Ellsworth, DL Deyarmin, B Hoffman, LR Hooke, JA Shriver, CD TI HER2 gene amplification is a marker for global genomic instability. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Windber Res Inst, CBCP, Windber, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, CBCP, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 854S EP 854S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326605453 ER PT J AU Dehqanzada, Z Hueman, MT Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Dehqanzada, Z Hueman, MT Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE TI Prognostic significance of HLA-A2 status in breast cancer patients. SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 13-17, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 16 SU S BP 886S EP 886S PN 1 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 943BK UT WOS:000230326605582 ER PT J AU Matthews, TM Duncan, RK Zidanic, M Michael, TH Fuchs, PA AF Matthews, TM Duncan, RK Zidanic, M Michael, TH Fuchs, PA TI Cloning and characterization of SK2 channel from chicken short hair cells SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chicken; efferent inhibition; hair cells; patch-clamp techniques; small-conductance calcium-sensitive potassium channels ID CA2+-ACTIVATED K+ CHANNELS; ACTIVATED POTASSIUM CHANNELS; CURRENT-VOLTAGE RELATIONSHIP; GUINEA-PIG COCHLEA; SMALL-CONDUCTANCE; BASILAR PAPILLA; CHOLINERGIC INHIBITION; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CALCIUM-CHANNELS AB In the inner ear of birds, as in mammals, reptiles and amphibians, acetylcholine released from efferent neurons inhibits hair cells via activation of an apamin-sensitive, calcium-dependent potassium current. The particular potassium channel involved in avian hair cell inhibition is unknown. In this study, we cloned a small-conductance, calcium-sensitive potassium channel (gSK2) from a chicken cochlear library. Using RT-PCR, we demonstrated the presence of gSK2 RNA in cochlear hair cells. Electrophysiological studies on transfected HEK293 cells showed that gSK2 channels have a conductance of approximately 16 pS and a half-maximal calcium activation concentration of 0.74 +/- 0.17 mu M. The expressed channels were blocked by apamin (IC50=73.3 +/- 5.0 pM) and d-tubocurarine (IC50=7.6 +/- 1.0 mu M), but were insensitive to charybdotoxin. These characteristics are consistent with those reported for acetylcholine-induced potassium currents of isolated chicken hair cells, suggesting that gSK2 is involved in efferent inhibition of chicken inner ear. These findings imply that the molecular mechanisms of inhibition are conserved in hair cells of all vertebrates. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Hearing Sci, Dept Biomed Engn, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Michigan, Kresge Hearing Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Memory Pharmaceut Corp, Montvale, NJ 07645 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Fuchs, PA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Hearing Sci, Dept Biomed Engn, 521 Traylor Bldg,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM pfuchs@bme.jhu.edu OI Duncan, Robert/0000-0002-8949-8727 FU NIDCD NIH HHS [P30 DC005188, P30 DCO5188, T 32 DC00023, P30 DC05211, DC01508] NR 68 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-7594 J9 J COMP PHYSIOL A JI J. Comp. Physiol. A -Neuroethol. Sens. Neural Behav. Physiol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 191 IS 6 BP 491 EP 503 DI 10.1007/s00359-005-0601-4 PG 13 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Physiology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology; Zoology GA 936TE UT WOS:000229877500001 PM 15868189 ER PT J AU Sivananthan, S Dhar, NK Anter, Y AF Sivananthan, S Dhar, NK Anter, Y TI Special issue on the 2004 US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials - Foreword SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Sivananthan, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 681 EP 681 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0001-0 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 939WK UT WOS:000230103100001 ER PT J AU Benson, JD Stoltz, AJ Varesi, JB Almeida, LA Smith, EPG Johnson, SM Martinka, M Kaleczyc, AW Markunas, JK Boyd, PR Dinan, JH AF Benson, JD Stoltz, AJ Varesi, JB Almeida, LA Smith, EPG Johnson, SM Martinka, M Kaleczyc, AW Markunas, JK Boyd, PR Dinan, JH TI Surface structure of plasma-etched (211)B HgCdTe SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of 2-4 Materials CY OCT 05-07, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorates, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, USA Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc DE HgCdTe; reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED); plasma etched ID ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; INDEX GAAS-SURFACES; FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; CDZNTE; SI; DIFFRACTION; TOPOGRAPHY; DETECTORS; TRENCHES; GROWTH AB The surface of (211)B HgCdTe has been studied by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). RHEED analysis of the as-grown Hg-rich molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) (2 1 1)B HgCdTe suggests the surface reconstructs by additional Hg incorporation. The plasma-etched (211)B HgCdTe surface is crystalline but stepped and facetted. RHEED analysis indicates asymmetric pyramids (base dimensions approximate to 0.5 x 1.1 nm) are formed to minimize surface Hg concentration. The AFM examination of plasma-etched (211)B HgCdTe reveals oriented mesoscopic features. C1 USA, RDECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Raytheon Vis Syst, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Benson, JD (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM dbenson@nvl.army.mil NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 726 EP 732 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0011-y PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 939WK UT WOS:000230103100011 ER PT J AU Stoltz, AJ Sperry, MJ Benson, JD Varesi, JB Martinka, M Almeida, LA Boyd, PR Dinan, JH AF Stoltz, AJ Sperry, MJ Benson, JD Varesi, JB Martinka, M Almeida, LA Boyd, PR Dinan, JH TI A Langmuir probe investigation of electron cyclotron resonance argon-hydrogen plasmas SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of 2-4 Materials CY OCT 05-07, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorates, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, USA Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc DE Langmuir probe; electron cyclotron resonance (ECR); Ar-H-2 plasmas ID HGCDTE; PARAMETERS; CH4/H-2/AR; PRESSURE; ARRAYS AB We report on the physical attributes of an argon-hydrogen plasma and the effects that induced changes in these attributes have on the physical and electrical characteristics of the plasma itself. Changes in the plasma conditions of these argon-hydrogen plasmas due to variations in microwave power, DC biasing, gas concentrations, and pressures were measured. We determined that increasing the hydrogen flow increases the sheath potential of the plasma, thereby increasing the arrival energy of ions at the surface of a sample placed in the plasma. Even with the decrease in plasma density from an increase in hydrogen input flow, we found the ion current is maintained in the predominately hydrogen plasma and is likely compensated by the high velocity and long mean free path of the hydrogen. We also observed that increasing total pressure also results in hydrogen ions dominating the total number of ions reaching the Langmuir probe and therefore the sample during processing. Last, a model based on the ion/electron energy ratio was developed and used to determine the relative ion concentrations of hydrogen and argon ions. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stoltz, AJ (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM astoltz@nvl.army.mil NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 733 EP 739 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0012-x PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 939WK UT WOS:000230103100012 ER PT J AU Varesi, JB Benson, JD Martinka, M Stoltz, AJ Mason, WE Almeida, LA Kaleczyc, AW Boyd, PR Dinan, JH AF Varesi, JB Benson, JD Martinka, M Stoltz, AJ Mason, WE Almeida, LA Kaleczyc, AW Boyd, PR Dinan, JH TI Investigation of HgCdTe surface quality following Br-based etching for device fabrication using spectroscopic ellipsometry SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of 2-4 Materials CY OCT 05-07, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorates, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, USA Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc DE HgCdTe; surface analysis; bromine-ethylene glycol; spectroscopic ellipsometry; oxide formation ID NATIVE OXIDES; HG1-XCDXTE; MBE AB We have examined the etching of HgCdTe (x = 0.2) with bromine/ethylene glycol (Br/EG) solutions. Using a spectroscopic ellipsometer, we tracked the ellipsometric parameters (Psi and Delta) of the freshly etched HgCdTe surfaces. Parameters Psi and Delta were measured periodically as these values changed with the surface exposed to air. A second set of Br/EG-etched samples was stored in deionized (DI) water. We found that DI water effectively preserved the freshly etched HgCdTe surface for a period of several hours. Comparison with the literature on HgCdTe surface chemistry implies that oxide growth is inhibited on the etched HgCdTe samples immersed in DI water. Modeling results based on the measured Psi and Delta values agree with this assessment. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NIght Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Varesi, JB (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NIght Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM john.varesi@nvl.army.mil NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 758 EP 761 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0016-6 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 939WK UT WOS:000230103100016 ER PT J AU Velicu, S Lee, TS Grein, CH Boieriu, P Chen, YP Dhar, NK Dinan, J Lianos, D AF Velicu, S Lee, TS Grein, CH Boieriu, P Chen, YP Dhar, NK Dinan, J Lianos, D TI Monolithically integrated HgCdTe focal plane arrays SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of 2-4 Materials CY OCT 05-07, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorates, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, USA Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc DE HgCdTe; monolithic; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); CdTe/Si; Fourier transform infrared (FTIR); Hall; lifetime; reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED); R(0)A; readout integrated circuit (ROIC) ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SHORT-WAVELENGTH; MBE GROWTH; SILICON; SUBSTRATE; CDTE AB The cost and performance of hybrid HgCdTe infrared (IR) focal plane arrays are constrained by the necessity of fabricating the detector arrays on a CdZnTe substrate. These substrates are expensive, fragile, available only in small rectangular formats, and are not a good thermal expansion match to the silicon readout integrated circuit. We discuss in this paper an IR sensor technology based on monolithically integrated IR focal plane arrays that could replace the conventional hybrid focal plane array technology. We have investigated the critical issues related to the growth of HgCdTe on Si read-out integrated circuits and the fabrication of monolithic focal plane arrays: (1) the design of Si readout integrated circuits and focal plane array layouts; (2) the low-temperature cleaning of Si(001) wafers; (3) the growth of CdTe and HgCdTe layers on readout integrated circuits; (4) diode creation, delineation, electrical, and interconnection; and (4) demonstration of high yield photovoltaic operation without limitation from earlier preprocessing such as substrate cleaning, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth, and device fabrication. Crystallographic, optical, and electrical properties of the grown layers will be presented. Electrical properties for diodes fabricated on misoriented Si and readout integrated circuit (ROIC) substrates will be discussed. The fabrication of arrays with demonstrated I-V properties show that monolithic integration of HgCdTe-based IR focal plane arrays on Si read-out integrated circuits is feasible and could be implemented in the third generation of IR systems. C1 EPIR Technol, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Velicu, S (reprint author), EPIR Technol, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. EM svelicu@epir.com NR 16 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 820 EP 831 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0027-3 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 939WK UT WOS:000230103100027 ER PT J AU Carmody, M Pasko, JG Edwall, D Bailey, R Arias, J Cabelli, S Bajaj, J Almeida, LA Dinan, JH Groenert, M Stoltz, AJ Chen, Y Brill, G Dhar, NK AF Carmody, M Pasko, JG Edwall, D Bailey, R Arias, J Cabelli, S Bajaj, J Almeida, LA Dinan, JH Groenert, M Stoltz, AJ Chen, Y Brill, G Dhar, NK TI Molecular beam epitaxy grown long wavelength infrared HgCdTe on Si detector performance SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of 2-4 Materials CY OCT 05-07, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorates, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, USA Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc DE HgCdTe; MBE; Si substrates ID MBE HGCDTE; DISLOCATIONS; PHOTODIODES; HETEROEPITAXY; TEMPERATURE; HG1-XCDXTE; SUBSTRATE; CDZNTE AB The use of silicon as a substrate alternative to bulk CdZnTe for epitaxial growth of HgCdTe for infrared (IR) detector applications is attractive because of potential cost savings as a result of the large available sizes and the rotatively low cost of silicon substrates. However, the potential benefits of silicon as a substrate have been difficult to realize because of the technical challenges of growing low defect density HgCdTe on silicon where the lattice mismatch is similar to 19%. This is especially true for LWIR HgCdTe detectors where the performance can be limited by the high (similar to 5 x 10(6) cm(-2)) dislocation density typically found in HgCdTe grown on silicon. We have fabricated a series of long wavelength infrared (LWIR) HgCdTe diodes and several LWIR focal plane arrays (FPAs) with HgCdTe grown on silicon substrates using MBE grown CdTe and CdSeTe buffer layers. The detector arrays were fabricated using Rockwell Scientific's planar diode architecture. The diode and FPA and results at 78 K will be discussed in terms of the high dislocation density (similar to 5 X 10(6) cm(2)) typically measured when HgCdTe is grown on silicon substrates. C1 Rockwell Sci Co, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Carmody, M (reprint author), Rockwell Sci Co, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. EM mcarmody@rwse.com RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 16 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 832 EP 838 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0028-2 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 939WK UT WOS:000230103100028 ER PT J AU Fulk, C Sporken, R Dumont, J Zavitz, D Trenary, M Gupta, B Brill, G Dinan, J Sivananthan, S AF Fulk, C Sporken, R Dumont, J Zavitz, D Trenary, M Gupta, B Brill, G Dinan, J Sivananthan, S TI Arsenic deposition as a precursor layer on silicon (211) and (311) surfaces SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of 2-4 Materials CY OCT 05-07, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorates, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, USA Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc DE molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); arsenic (As); Si(311); Si(211); x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); low energy electron diffraction (LEED); tellurium (Te) ID GROWTH AB We investigate the properties of arsenic (As) covered Si(211) and Si(311) surfaces by analyzing data from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) images. We then create a model using total surface energy calculations. It was found that both Si(211) and Si(311) had 0.68 +/- 0.08 surface As coverage. Si(211) had 0.28 +/- 0.04 Te coverage and Si(311) had 0.24 +/- 0.04 Te coverage. The Si(211) surface replaces the terrace and trench Si atoms with As for a lower surface energy, while the Si edge atoms form dimers. The Si(311) surface replaces all terrace atoms and adsorbs an As dimer every other edge site. These configurations imply an improvement in the mean migration path from the bare silicon surface by allowing the impinging atoms for the next epitaxial layer, tellurium (Te), to bind at every other pair of edge atoms, and not the step terrace sites. This would ensure a nonpolar, B-face growth. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Fac Univ Notre Dame Paix, Lab Phys Mat Elect, B-5000 Namur, Belgium. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belfore, VA USA. RP Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM cfulk1@uic.edu RI Dumont, Jacques/C-3906-2011; Gupta, Bikash/D-5968-2011; Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 846 EP 850 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0030-8 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 939WK UT WOS:000230103100030 ER PT J AU Campo, EM Hierl, T Hwang, JCM Chen, YP Brill, G AF Campo, EM Hierl, T Hwang, JCM Chen, YP Brill, G TI Morphological defects of molecular beam epitaxy-grown CdTe and CdSeTe on Si SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Workshop on Physics and Chemistry of 2-4 Materials CY OCT 05-07, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP USA CECOM Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorates, USA Res Lab, USA SMDC, USA Navy Elect Opt Ctr, Penn State Appl Res Lab, Off Naval Res, AF Res Lab, Minerals Met & Mat Soc, Amer Phys Soc DE CdTe; CdSeTe; HgCdTe; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); heteroepitaxy; morphological defect; oval defect; focused ion beam ID SUBSTRATE AB For the first time, focused ion beam milling, secondary electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine in depth morphological defects during epitaxial growth of CdTe and CdSeTe on Si. Contrary to the literature regarding the formation of morphological defects at the epi/ substrate interface, the present defects appear to originate from either the CdTe/CdSeTe interface or 3-4 mu m above the CdTe/Si interface where the growth was interrupted and the substrate temperature was temporarily raised. This suggests a correlation between defect nucleation and either shutter movement or growth interruption. C1 Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Campo, EM (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM jh00@lehigh.edu RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 953 EP 956 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0049-x PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 939WK UT WOS:000230103100049 ER PT J AU Rollings, MP Rollings, RS AF Rollings, MP Rollings, RS TI Geology: Engineer ignore it at your peril SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Geology and related earth processes are an inherent part of civil engineering design and construction. This paper examines eight specific examples to illustrate how geologic factors can dominate project behavior. The examples are from a spectrum of environments associated with design and construction of roads and airfields and vary from the apparently obvious to the more subtle. Failure to understand the geologic conditions at a site almost invariably results in unsatisfactory performance. This complex interplay between geology and engineering is at the heart of the geotechnical profession and should be appreciated by all. C1 ERDC, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Rollings, MP (reprint author), POB 313, Lyme, NH 03768 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 131 IS 6 BP 783 EP 791 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2005)131:6(783) PG 9 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 928HG UT WOS:000229261500011 ER PT J AU Scott, PT Niebuhr, DW McGready, JB Gaydos, JC AF Scott, PT Niebuhr, DW McGready, JB Gaydos, JC TI Hepatitis B immunity in United States military recruits SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION; VACCINATION; INFECTION; PROGRAMS AB Background. In 2002, the US Department of Defense (DoD) mandated hepatitis B immunization for military recruits. A DoD study reported that screening for immunity with selective immunization would be cost-effective at a prevalence of immunity of >12%. The prevalence of hepatitis B immunity in the military recruit population was unknown. Methods. We studied a random sample of Army, Navy, and Marine Corps new recruits ( 2400 men and women from all 50 states, Puerto Rico, and US territories). Banked serum samples collected in 2001 were tested for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) by AUSAB enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA). Results were evaluated by military service branch, age, sex, race, level of education, geographic region of origin, and presence of state immunization laws. Results. The overall prevalence of anti-HBs seropositivity, adjusted to the age distribution of the recruit population in 2001, was 31.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 29.6%-33.4%). The prevalence of anti-HBs seropositivity, directly adjusted to the 18-35-year-old US population in 2000, was 23.0% (95% CI, 20.7%-25.3%). Anti-HBs seropositivity prevalence was highest among the young, decreased with increasing age, and was higher in women, recruits from the Northeast and West, and recruits from states with laws mandating hepatitis B immunization before entry into elementary and middle school. Conclusions. Screening new recruits for evidence of immunity before hepatitis B immunization is indicated. The prevalence of immunity increased with successive birth cohorts and may reflect the success of childhood immunization programs. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Epidemiol, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Surveillance Act, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Niebuhr, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Epidemiol, Div Prevent Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM david.niebuhr@na.amedd.army.mil RI Niebuhr, David/B-7865-2011 NR 26 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 191 IS 11 BP 1835 EP 1841 DI 10.1086/429965 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 923AN UT WOS:000228881100009 PM 15871116 ER PT J AU Lu, M Sharrow, K Pulcifur, A Guevarra, P Williams, A Tortella, F AF Lu, M Sharrow, K Pulcifur, A Guevarra, P Williams, A Tortella, F TI A novel rat model of brain-selective hypothermia via extrocorporeal blood cooling as a potential neuroprotective therapy SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 15th Meeting of the European-Neurological-Society CY JUN 18-22, 2005 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP European Neurol Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0340-5354 J9 J NEUROL JI J. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 252 SU 2 BP 67 EP 67 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 937QV UT WOS:000229941500240 ER PT J AU Yao, C Williams, A Lu, X Chen, R Liao, Z Connors, R Wang, K Hayes, R Tortella, F Dave, J AF Yao, C Williams, A Lu, X Chen, R Liao, Z Connors, R Wang, K Hayes, R Tortella, F Dave, J TI High throughput immunoblot analysis of differential protein expression in rat brain tissues following penetrating or ischaemic brain injuries SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 15th Meeting of the European-Neurological-Society CY JUN 18-22, 2005 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP European Neurol Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0340-5354 J9 J NEUROL JI J. Neurol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 252 SU 2 BP 67 EP 67 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 937QV UT WOS:000229941500238 ER PT J AU Talantsev, EF Pantoya, ML Camagong, C Lahlouh, B Nicolich, SM Gangopadhyay, S AF Talantsev, EF Pantoya, ML Camagong, C Lahlouh, B Nicolich, SM Gangopadhyay, S TI Ferrihydrite gels derived in the Fe(NO3)(3) center dot 9H(2)O-C2H5OH-CH3CHCH2O ternary system SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-WAVE DEMAGNETIZATION; HARD FERROMAGNETICS; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; PRIMARY POWER; FILMS; TRANSITION; ROUTE AB A study of get formation in iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate (Fe(NO3)(3)(.)9H(2)O) ethanol (C2H2OH) 1.2-epoxypropane (propylene oxide (CH3CHCH2O)) ternary system has been performed. The phase boundaries for existing ferrihydrite gets were determined. It was shown that this ternary system has two different types of ferrihydrite gel phases. The dominant chemical bonds of these phases were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Both ferrihydrite phases transform to amorphous alpha-FeOOH phase after 6 h annealing at T = 300 degrees C. The temperatures of crystallization from these amorphous alpha-FeOOH phases to alpha-Fe2O3 phases were found. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. USA, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Pantoya, ML (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM michelle.pantoya@coe.ttu.edu OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 351 IS 16-17 BP 1426 EP 1432 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.03.038 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 935WP UT WOS:000229814400013 ER PT J AU Smith, GS Lincoln, AE Wong, TY Bell, NS Vinger, PF Amoroso, PJ Lombardi, DA AF Smith, GS Lincoln, AE Wong, TY Bell, NS Vinger, PF Amoroso, PJ Lombardi, DA TI Does occupation explain gender and other differences in work-related eye injury hospitalization rates? SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FEMALE ARMY TRAINEES; OCULAR INJURIES; US MILITARY; SEX-DIFFERENCES; TRAUMA; PREVENTION; PERSONNEL; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; PROTECTION AB Objective: We sought to determine whether demographic differences in eye injury rates persist after adjusting for occupational exposure. Methods: On-duty eye injury hospitalizations were linked to occupation among active-duty US Army personnel. Results: Eye injury rates were higher for white solidiers, men, and for younger soldiers, even after adjusting for occupational group and specific job titles using multivariate models. Conclusions: This finding contrasts with studies of other injuries, suggesting that occupation does not fully account for variations in eye injury risk. Because protective eyewear can prevent most serious eye injuries, we hypothesize that differences in protective eyewear use between men and women may contribute to differences in eye injury rates, although follow-up studies are needed to confirm this. Prevention efforts should consider targeting high-risk demographic groups in addition to high-risk occupations. C1 Liberty Mutual Res Inst Safety, Hopkinton, MA 01748 USA. Johns Hopkins Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, War related Illness & Injury Study Ctr, Washington, DC 20422 USA. Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Ophthalmol, Singapore 117548, Singapore. Social Sectors Dev Strategies Inc, Natick, MA USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Smith, GS (reprint author), Liberty Mutual Res Inst Safety, 71 Frankland Rd, Hopkinton, MA 01748 USA. EM gordon.smith@libertymutual.com OI Smith, Gordon/0000-0002-2911-3071 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA013324-04, R01 AA011407, R01 AA011407-04, R01 AA013324, R01 AA013324-01, R29 AA011407, R29 AA011407-03, R29AA07700, R01 AA11407, R01 AA013324-02, R01 AA13324, R01 AA011407-05, R29 AA011407-02, R01 AA013324-03] NR 69 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 47 IS 6 BP 640 EP 648 DI 10.1097/01.jom.0000165746.26873.d1 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 935MU UT WOS:000229787200015 PM 15951724 ER PT J AU Daniels, C Huang, GD Feuerstein, M Lopez, M AF Daniels, C Huang, GD Feuerstein, M Lopez, M TI Self-report measure of low back-related biomechanical exposures: Clinical validation SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE biomechanical exposure; ergonomics; assessment; self-report; low back pain ID UPPER EXTREMITY DISORDERS; PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK-FACTORS; FORM HEALTH SURVEY; US ARMY PERSONNEL; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; PHYSICAL WORK; ERGONOMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY; POSTURAL LOAD; PAIN; PREVALENCE AB Low back pain and symptoms are major contributors to ambulatory visits, economic burden, and reduced readiness among military personnel and employers in the civilian workplace as well. While a link between low back pain and biomechanical exposures has been established, efficient surveillance methods of such exposures are still needed. Furthermore, the utility of self-report measures for biomechanical exposures has not been examined extensively. The present cross-sectional study analyzed questionnaire data from US Army soldiers ( n = 279) working in previously identified occupational specialties that were associated with high risk for low back pain and/or low back pain disability. Demographic characteristics, physical workload, health behaviors, and psychosocial factors were assessed in addition to self-reported workplace biomechanical exposures using the Job Related Physical Demands (JRPDs). Outcomes included self-reported low back pain severity, low back symptoms, functional limitations, and general physical health. The results indicated that the self-report measure of biomechanical exposure had a high degree of internal consistency (Cronbach alpha, 0.95). The JRPD index correlated with low back symptoms, pain intensity, function, and perceived work load using the Borg scale. Regression analyses indicated statistically significant associations between the JRPD and back pain specific pain severity and physical function, but not for general physical health (SF-12) after controlling for age, gender, educational level, job type, and reported exercise and work stress. Specifically, higher JRPD scores ( representing greater biomechanical exposure) were associated with higher levels of pain intensity and functional limitations. Higher JRPD scores were found to place an individual at a greater likelihood for being a case with low back pain within the past 12 months ( OR = 1.01 per point increase in scale-95%; range 38 - 152; CI = 1.00 - 1.02, p = 0.05). While future longitudinal studies of the JRPD determining the predictive validity of the measure are needed, the present study provides evidence of the utility of the JRPD for assessing biomechanical exposures associated with low back pain within high-risk jobs. The findings suggest that the JRPD may assist with surveillance efforts and be useful as a process and/or outcome measure in research related to occupational rehabilitation. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Cooperat Studies Program, Washington, DC USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Feuerstein, M (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil NR 49 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1053-0487 J9 J OCCUP REHABIL JI J. Occup. Rehabil. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 15 IS 2 BP 113 EP 128 DI 10.1007/s10926-005-1214-z PG 16 WC Rehabilitation; Social Issues SC Rehabilitation; Social Issues GA 913ZF UT WOS:000228193500003 PM 15844672 ER PT J AU Dabisch, PA Burnett, DC Miller, DB Jakubowski, EM Muse, WT Forster, JS Scotto, JA Jarvis, JR Davis, EA Hulet, SW Reutter, SA Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA AF Dabisch, PA Burnett, DC Miller, DB Jakubowski, EM Muse, WT Forster, JS Scotto, JA Jarvis, JR Davis, EA Hulet, SW Reutter, SA Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA TI Tolerance to the miotic effect of sarin vapor in rats after multiple low-level exposures SO JOURNAL OF OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID BLOOD; BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; DEGENERATION; FENTHION; BRAIN; SOMAN AB Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by the organophosphorous compound Sarin (GB) results in the accumulation of acetylcholine and excessive cholinergic stimulation. There are few data in the literature regarding the effects of multiple low-level exposures to GB and other organophosphorous compounds via relevant routes of exposure. Therefore, the present study was undertaken, and is the first, to investigate the effect of low-level repeated whole-body inhalation exposures to GB vapor on pupil size and cholinesterase activity in the eyes and blood. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 4.0 mg/m(3) of GB vapor for 1 h on each of 3 consecutive days. Pupil size and cholinesterase activities were determined at various points throughout the exposure sequence. The results demonstrate that multiple inhalation exposures to GB vapor produce a decrease in the miotic potency of GB in rats. This tolerance developed at a dose of GB that produced no overt signs of intoxication other than miosis. AChE and butyrylcholinesterase activity did not increase throughout the exposure sequence, suggesting that the tolerance cannot be attributed to a reduced inhibitory effect of GB. A decrease in the amount of GB present in the eye occurred after the third exposure. However, this change is insufficient to explain the tolerance, as there was no corresponding increase in AChE activity. Thus, the mechanism mediating the miotic tolerance observed after multiple inhalation exposures to the nerve agent GB remains uncertain, although several possibilities can be excluded based on the results of the present study. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Operat Toxicol Team, ATTN,AMSRD,ECB,RT,TT E3150, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20418 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder, MD USA. RP Dabisch, PA (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Operat Toxicol Team, ATTN,AMSRD,ECB,RT,TT E3150, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM paul.dabisch@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1080-7683 J9 J OCUL PHARMACOL TH JI J. Ocular Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 3 BP 182 EP 195 DI 10.1089/jop.2005.21.182 PG 14 WC Ophthalmology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Ophthalmology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 940LY UT WOS:000230147200002 PM 15969635 ER PT J AU Teyhen, DS Miltenberger, CE Deiters, HM Del Toro, YM Pulliam, JN Childs, JD Boyles, RE Flynn, TW AF Teyhen, DS Miltenberger, CE Deiters, HM Del Toro, YM Pulliam, JN Childs, JD Boyles, RE Flynn, TW TI The use of ultrasound imaging of the abdominal drawing-in maneuver in subjects with low back pain SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE lumbar stabilization; real-time ultrasound imaging; therapeutic exercise; transverse abdominis ID M-MODE ULTRASOUND; TRANSVERSUS-ABDOMINIS; PELVIC FLOOR; LUMBAR SPINE; PERINEAL ULTRASOUND; MULTIFIDUS MUSCLE; HUMAN DIAPHRAGM; POSTURAL TASK; CONTRACTION; ULTRASONOGRAPHY AB Study Design: Randomized controlled trial among patients with low back pain (LBP). Objectives: (1) Determine the reliability of real-time ultrasound imaging for assessing activation of the lateral abdominal muscles; (2) characterize the extent to which the abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) results in preferential activation of the transverse abdominis (TrA); and (3) determine if ultrasound biofeedback improves short-term performance of the ADIM in patients with LBP. Background: Ultrasound imaging is reportedly useful for measuring and training patients to preferentially activate the TrA muscle. However, research to support these claims is limited. Methods and Measures: Thirty patients with LBP referred for lumbar stabilization training were randomized to receive either traditional training (n = 15) or traditional training with biofeedback (n = 15). Ultrasound imaging was used to measure changes in thickness of the lateral abdominal muscles. Differences in preferential changes in muscle thickness of the TrA between groups and across time were assessed using analysis of variance. Results: Intrarater reliability measuring lateral abdominal muscle thickness exceeded 0.93. On average, patients in both groups demonstrated a 2-fold increase in the thickness of the TrA during the ADIM. Performance of the ADIM did not differ between the groups. Conclusion: These data provide construct validity for the notion that the ADIM results in preferential activation of the TrA in patients with LBP. Although, the addition of biofeedback did not enhance the ability to perform the ADIM at a short-term follow-up, our data suggest a possible ceiling effect or an insufficient training stimulus. Further research is necessary to determine if there is a subgroup of patients with LBP who may benefit from biofeedback. C1 USA Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ctr Phys Therapy Res, San Antonio, TX USA. Bayne Jones Army Community Hosp, Ft Polk, LA USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Teyhen, DS (reprint author), 101 Tierra Grande, Cibalo, TX 78108 USA. EM deydre.teyhen@amedd.army.mil NR 44 TC 142 Z9 148 U1 19 U2 42 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 35 IS 6 BP 346 EP 355 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 931LJ UT WOS:000229486500003 PM 16001906 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J Lee, U Poese, B Allen, JL AF Wolfenstine, J Lee, U Poese, B Allen, JL TI Effect of oxygen partial pressure on the discharge capacity of LiCoPO4 SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE cathode; Li-ion batteries; oxygen partial pressure; conductivity; capacity ID LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERIES; ION BATTERIES; ELECTRODE MATERIAL; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; CATHODES; PHOSPHATES; LIMNPO4 AB The discharge capacity of LiCoPO4, prepared using carbon-containing precursors, heated under different oxygen partial pressures (high-purity argon, air, pure oxygen) was investigated. LiCoPO4 heat-treated under high-purity argon showed a higher discharge capacity over the entire cycle life compared to under air or pure oxygen. No difference in the discharge capacity of LiCoPO4 heat-treated under air or pure oxygen was exhibited. The enhanced discharge capacity of LiCoPO4 heat-treated under argon compared to air/oxygen was a result of its higher electrical conductivity and smaller particle size. The higher electrical conductivity and smaller particle of LiCoPO4 heat-treated under argon is likely do the presence of cobalt phosphides and increased carbon content. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 AMSRD, ARL, SE,DC, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), AMSRD, ARL, SE,DC, Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jwolfenstine@arl.army.mil NR 26 TC 58 Z9 62 U1 3 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 144 IS 1 BP 226 EP 230 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.12.013 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 934JT UT WOS:000229705800030 ER PT J AU Videen, G Aslan, MM Menguc, MP AF Videen, G Aslan, MM Menguc, MP TI Characterization of metallic nano-particles via surface wave scattering: A. Theoretical framework and formulation SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Radiative Transfer CY JUN, 2004 CL Istanbul, TURKEY DE electromagnetic theory; light scattering; surface wave; nanoparticle characterization ID LIGHT-SCATTERING; CONDUCTING PLANE; MICROSCOPIC SPHERES; MULTIPOLE EXPANSION; SPHERICAL-PARTICLE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; DIELECTRIC SPHERE; INTERFACE; CYLINDER; VICINITY AB Characterization of nano-size particles and structures are crucial for successful application of self-assembly processes that lead, to bottom-up machining and manufacturing concepts. Conventional light-based approaches cannot be used for these purposes, mainly because the particle and structure sizes are much smaller than the wavelength of visible light. To overcome this problem, we are in the process of developing a diagnostic tool based on surface-wave scattering. In this paper, we outline the governing equations required to describe the scattering of the electromagnetic field by a particle located near a film. The formulation given here is for a general case; a special application of this work to surface waves can be obtained by considering the fields propagating at near grazing angles. This work constitutes the theoretical frame work needed for the characterization of nano-particles on or above a thin metallic film via scattered surface waves, which is outlined in Part B (JQSRT (2004)). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Radiat Transfer Lab, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EE, 2800 Power Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gvideen@arl.army.mil; mengic@engr.uky.edu RI Aslan, Mustafa/B-2470-2009; Menguc, Pinar/O-3114-2013 OI Aslan, Mustafa/0000-0003-2157-9704; NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUN-JUL PY 2005 VL 93 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 195 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.07.035 PG 12 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 898MS UT WOS:000227081500016 ER PT J AU Aslan, MM Menguc, MP Videen, G AF Aslan, MM Menguc, MP Videen, G TI Characterization of metallic nano-particles via surface wave scattering: B. Physical concept and numerical experiments SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Radiative Transfer CY JUN, 2004 CL Istanbul, TURKEY DE electromagnetic theory; light scattering; surface wave; gold nanoparticles; nanoparticle characterization ID PLASMON RESONANCE; LIGHT-SCATTERING; NANOPARTICLES; SIZE; SHAPE; GOLD AB We present a methodology to characterize nanometer-size particles on or near a surface via surface-wave scattering. With a series of simulations, we show that the size of nano-particles on a metallic surface can be determined unambiguously from the angular profile of the elliptical polarization of scattered waves expressed as normalized scattering Mueller matrix elements M-ij. This characterization modality is based on the interaction of particles on a surface with the evanescent waves. The particle-surface interactions become less pronounced with separation distance, and the scattering of evanescent waves by nano-particles does not show any significant size dependence. The results suggest that it is possible to monitor the self-assembly process of metallic particles on metallic surfaces in real time, which is crucial for on-line control in bottom-up nano-manufactufing processes. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Radiat Transfer Lab, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, CI,EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Menguc, MP (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Radiat Transfer Lab, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM menguc@engr.uky.edu RI Aslan, Mustafa/B-2470-2009; Menguc, Pinar/O-3114-2013 OI Aslan, Mustafa/0000-0003-2157-9704; NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JUN-JUL PY 2005 VL 93 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 207 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.08.040 PG 11 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 898MS UT WOS:000227081500017 ER PT J AU Vaccaro, AR Zeiller, SC Hulbert, RJ Anderson, FA Harris, M Hedlund, R Harrop, D Dvorak, M Wood, K Fehlings, MG Fisher, C Lehman, RA Anderson, DG Bono, CM Kuklo, T Oner, EC AF Vaccaro, AR Zeiller, SC Hulbert, RJ Anderson, FA Harris, M Hedlund, R Harrop, D Dvorak, M Wood, K Fehlings, MG Fisher, C Lehman, RA Anderson, DG Bono, CM Kuklo, T Oner, EC TI The thoracolumbar injury severity score - A proposed treatment algorithm SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID SPINE FRACTURES; CLASSIFICATION; DISLOCATIONS; RELIABILITY AB Objective: Significant controversy exists regarding the optimal management of thoracolumbar injuries. This is in part due to the lack Of understanding of the natural history of various injury subtypes and the absence of a universally accepted classification scheme that facilitates communication among care providers and assists in directing treatment. The Spine Trauma Study Group has developed an injury severity score based on three major variables: the mechanism of injury determined by radiographic appearance, the integrity of the posterior ligamentous complex, and the neurologic status of the patient. By systematically assigning specific point values within each category based on the severity of injury, a final severity score may be generated that can be used to help direct treatment. The goal of this work is to present a proposal of a detailed treatment algorithm to assist in the nonoperative or operative management of thoracolumbar injuries. Methods: A detailed review of the world's spinal literature was performed to ascertain predictors of instability following thoracolumbar trauma. With use of known biomechanical and clinical outcome measures, an arbitrary assignment of point values to various injury descriptors was performed. The assessment of the validity of the severity score was compared retrospectively with a variety of selected cases representing the typical injury patterns under the three major injury groups: compression, translational/rotational, and distraction injuries. Conclusions: The proposed treatment algorithm is an attempt to assist physicians using best-evidence medicine in managing thoracolumbar spinal injuries. The final point flow chart with graduated treatment recommendations is only preliminary and needs to be validated through prospective cohort analysis. In addition, the importance of the chosen variables determining spinal stability must also be verified. C1 Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Foothills Hosp & Med Ctr, Dept Clin Neurosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. Univ Calgary, Spine Program, Calgary, AB, Canada. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Madison, WI USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Hadassah Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. Univ British Columbia, Div Spine, Dept Orthopaed, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Neurosurg, Univ Hlth Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. Boston Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Univ Utrecht Hosp, Dept Orthoped, Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Vaccaro, AR (reprint author), Rothman Inst, 925 Chestnut St,5th Fl, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. EM alexvaccaro3@aol.com RI Oner, FC/L-7769-2013 OI Oner, FC/0000-0003-0858-8243 NR 14 TC 82 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1536-0652 J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 18 IS 3 BP 209 EP 215 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 933RI UT WOS:000229650200001 PM 15905761 ER PT J AU Webb, HE McMinn, DR Garten, RS Beckman, JL Coleman, EB Kamimori, GH Acevedo, EO AF Webb, HE McMinn, DR Garten, RS Beckman, JL Coleman, EB Kamimori, GH Acevedo, EO TI Psychological and physiological responses to a computer-based fire simulation strategies and tactics drill in professional firefighters SO JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. RI Webb, Heather/A-4219-2010 OI Webb, Heather/0000-0002-3925-9613 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 0895-2779 J9 J SPORT EXERCISE PSY JI J. Sport Exerc. Psychol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 27 SU S BP S157 EP S158 PG 2 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 938AU UT WOS:000229973100311 ER PT J AU Biddle, S AF Biddle, S TI Military power: A reply SO JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES LA English DT Editorial Material ID WAR C1 USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Biddle, S (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, 122 Forbes Ave, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. EM stephen.biddle@carlisle.army.mil NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0140-2390 EI 1743-937X J9 J STRATEGIC STUD JI J. Strateg. Stud. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 28 IS 3 BP 453 EP 469 DI 10.1080/0142390500154403 PG 17 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 988AU UT WOS:000233564600006 ER PT J AU Willard, RJ Jeffcoat, AM Benson, PM Walsh, DS AF Willard, RJ Jeffcoat, AM Benson, PM Walsh, DS TI Cutaneous leishmaniasis in soldiers from Fort Campbell, Kentucky returning from Operation Iraqi Freedom highlights diagnostic and therapeutic options SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SODIUM STIBOGLUCONATE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; TOPICAL TREATMENT; US MILITARY; OLD-WORLD; INFECTION; EFFICACY; HEAT; ITRACONAZOLE; PAROMOMYCIN AB Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), rare in the first Gulf War, is common in American troops serving in Operation Iraqi Freedom. Awareness of the clinical features and treatment options of CL would benefit clinicians who may encounter soldiers, as well as civilians, returning from the Middle East with skin lesions. Objective. Our purpose was to describe our clinical experience in treating soldiers with CL. Methods: From December 2003 through June 2004, approximately 360 of an estimated 20,000 soldiers returning from a yearlong deployment in Iraq with skin lesions suspected of being CL were examined by dermatologists. We summarized CL diagnoses, laboratory evaluations, and treatments, including localized heat therapy (ThermoMed model 1.8; ThermoSurgery Technologies, Inc, Phoenix, Ariz), oral fluconazole, cryotherapy, and itraconazole. Results: Among 237 soldiers diagnosed with CL, 181 had one or more laboratory confirmations, most by Giemsa-stained lesion smears and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR was positive for all 122 smear-positive and 26 biopsy-positive lesions and all 34 smear negative and all 3 biopsy-negative cases. Primary outpatient treatments, including ThermoMed (n = 26), oral fluconazole (n = 15), cryotherapy (n = 4), and itraconazole (n = 2), were safe and tolerable. Treatment failure occurred in 2 fluconazole recipients and was suspected in 1 ThermoMed and 2 fluconazole recipients. Seventy-two soldiers elected no treatment. Limitation: This was a retrospective study. Conclusion: Approximately 1% of Ft Campbell troops returning from Iraq were diagnosed with CL, most by laboratory confirmation. PCR appeared to be the most useful diagnostic technique. Among outpatient treatments, ThermoMed and cryotherapy had favorable safety and efficacy profiles. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Blanchfield Army Community Hosp, Serv Dermatol, Ft Campbell, KY USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM douglas.walsh@se.amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 52 IS 6 BP 977 EP 987 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.01.109 PG 11 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 931VL UT WOS:000229513500005 PM 15928615 ER PT J AU Robert, LL Santos-Ciminera, PD Andre, RG Schultz, GW Lawyer, PG Nigro, J Masuoka, P Wirtz, RA Neely, J Gaines, D Cannon, CE Pettit, D Garvey, CW Goodfriend, D Roberts, DR AF Robert, LL Santos-Ciminera, PD Andre, RG Schultz, GW Lawyer, PG Nigro, J Masuoka, P Wirtz, RA Neely, J Gaines, D Cannon, CE Pettit, D Garvey, CW Goodfriend, D Roberts, DR TI Plasmodium-infected Anopheles mosquitoes collected in Virginia and Maryland following local transmission of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Loudoun County, Virginia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium vivax; Anopheles quadrimaculatus; Anopheles punctipennis; malaria; Maryland; Virginia ID NORTH-CAROLINA; UNITED-STATES; PUNCTIPENNIS; CALIFORNIA; BIONOMICS; CULICIDAE; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; DIPTERA AB Two recent outbreaks of locally acquired, mosquito-transmitted malaria in Virginia in 1998 and 2002 demonstrate the continued risk of endemic mosquito-transmitted malaria in heavily populated areas of the eastern United States. Increasing immigration, growth in global travel, and the presence of competent anopheline vectors throughout the eastern United States contribute to the increasing risk of malaria importation and transmission. On August 23 and 25, 2002, Plasmodium vivax malaria was diagnosed in 2 teenagers in Loudoun County, Virginia. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) deemed these cases to be locally acquired because of the lack of risk factors for malaria, such as international travel, blood transfusion, organ transplantation, or needle sharing. The patients lived similar to 0.5 mi apart; however, 1 patient reported numerous visits to friends who lived directly across the street from the other patient. Two Anopheles quadrimaculatus s.1. female pools collected in Loudoun County, Virginia, and 1 An. punctipennis female pool collected in Fairfax County, Virginia, tested positive for P. vivax 210 with the VecTest (TM) panel assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, 2 An. quadrimaculatus s.1. female pools collected in Montgomery, Maryland, tested positive for P. vivax 210. The CDC confirmed these initial results with the circumsporozoite ELISA. The authors believe that this is the 1st demonstration of Plasmodium-infected mosquitoes collected in association with locally acquired human malaria in the United States since the current national malaria surveillance system began in 1957. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Clarke Mosquito Control, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA 23219 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med N, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. Montgomery Cty Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Loudoun Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Leesburg, VA 20177 USA. RP Robert, LL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 49 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 2 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.2987/8756-971X(2005)21[187:PAMCIV]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 934MJ UT WOS:000229712600012 PM 16033121 ER PT J AU Perrie, W Andreas, EL Zhang, WQ Li, WB Gyakum, J McTaggart-Cowan, R AF Perrie, W Andreas, EL Zhang, WQ Li, WB Gyakum, J McTaggart-Cowan, R TI Sea spray impacts on intensifying midlatitude cyclones SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SURFACE WIND STRESS; HUMIDITY EXCHANGE; WATER-VAPOR; BULK PARAMETERIZATION; HEAT-FLUX; MODEL; AIR; HEXOS; COEFFICIENTS; EVAPORATION AB Air-sea transfer processes over the ocean strongly affect how hurricanes develop. High winds generate large amounts of sea spray, which can modify the transfer of momentum, heat, and moisture across the air-sea interface. However, the extent to which sea spray can modify extratropical or midlatitude hurricanes and intense cyclones has not been resolved. This paper reports simulations of extratropical Hurricanes Earl (1998) and Danielle (1998) and an intense winter cyclone from January 2000 using a mesoscale atmospheric model and a recent sea spray parameterization. These simulations show that sea spray can increase the sea surface heat flux, especially the latent heat flux, in a midlatitude cyclone and that sea spray's impact on cyclone intensity depends on the storm structure and development and is strongest for cyclones with high winds. C1 Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Zhongshan Univ, Guangzhou, Peoples R China. McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. SUNY Albany, Univ Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. RP Perrie, W (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, POB 1006,1 Challenger Dr, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. EM perriew@dfo-mpo.gc.ca NR 47 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1867 EP 1883 DI 10.1175/JAS3436.1 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 937NV UT WOS:000229933700011 ER PT J AU Kumar, A Boy, J Zatorski, R Stephenson, LD AF Kumar, A Boy, J Zatorski, R Stephenson, LD TI Thermal spray and weld repair alloys for the repair of cavitation damage in turbines and pumps: A technical note SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cavitation; corrosion; erosion; thermal spray; weld repair AB The cavitation and erosion resistance of 21 thermal spray coatings and four weld repair materials were investigated in the laboratory using cavitation jet and slurry erosion testing. Of the thermal spray coatings, Stellite (R) 6 deposited by the high velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) process had the lowest cavitation rate (11.7 mg/h). This was higher than the corresponding cavitation rate (3.2mg/h) of 308 stainless steel weld metal currently used as a reference. In the slurry erosion testing, the volume loss of Stellite (R) 6 applied by the HVOF process was 5.33 cubic mm/h, much lower than the corresponding loss (11.17 cubic mm/h) in the currently used stainless steel 304 reference. Furthermore, the electrochemical potential difference between the carbon steel and HVOF sprayed Stellite 6 coating was 0.25 volts, half the potential difference between the 304 stainless steel carbon steel substrate, and will result in reduced galvanic corrosion of the substrate near the contact areas. Stellite 6 deposited by the HVOF process was recommended for repair of damage resulting from erosion and subsequent cavitation by caused by surface roughening. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Kumar, A (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, POB 9005, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. EM Stephenson@erdc.usace.army.mil RI 刘, 兴/B-7263-2011 NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 12 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 1059-9630 J9 J THERM SPRAY TECHN JI J. Therm. Spray Technol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 14 IS 2 BP 177 EP 182 DI 10.1361/10599630523737 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA 932PB UT WOS:000229564700035 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB AF Holcomb, JB TI Use of recombinant activated factor VII to treat the acquired coagulopathy of trauma SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review DE hypothermia; coagulopathy; rFVIIa; hemorrhage review ID DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION; V LIVER-INJURIES; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; PREHOSPITAL HYPOTENSION; MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; HEMORRHAGE CONTROL; VALID INDICATOR; TEAM ACTIVATION; DAMAGE CONTROL; HEMOPHILIA-A AB Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) is a drug commonly utilized in the treatment of patients with hemophilia and inhibitors. However, its use in previously normal patients with an acquired coagulopathy after trauma and surgery is increasing. Multiple trauma case reports and several case series are available, lending support for the efficacy of the drug in reversing the coagulopathy of trauma. Data from six large animal studies evaluating the efficacy in trauma models are available for evaluation. A single prospective randomized study in elective surgery has recently been published, documenting reduced blood loss and decreased transfusion after a single preoperative dose. This review describes those studies and reiterates the need for well designed prospective randomized human trauma studies. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Trauma Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Trauma Div, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.holcomb@amedd.army.mil NR 65 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2005 VL 58 IS 6 BP 1298 EP 1303 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000169871.29748.95 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 943EU UT WOS:000230336100037 PM 15995488 ER PT J AU Mullenbach, E Turell, DM Turell, MJ AF Mullenbach, E Turell, DM Turell, MJ TI Effect of salt concentration in larval rearing water on mosquito development and survival SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AEDES-TAENIORHYNCHUS; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; SALINITY; OSMOREGULATION C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI SANTA ANA PA PO BOX 87, SANTA ANA, CA 92702 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 30 IS 1 BP 165 EP 167 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 941LO UT WOS:000230216500025 PM 16007973 ER PT J AU Haskins, SC Pascoe, PJ Ilkiw, JE Fudge, M Hopper, K Aldrich, J AF Haskins, SC Pascoe, PJ Ilkiw, JE Fudge, M Hopper, K Aldrich, J TI The effect of moderate hypovolemia on cardiopulmonary function in dogs SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE arterial blood gases; cardiac output; conscious hemodynamics; oxygen consumption; oxygen delivery; oxygen extraction; venous admixture; venous blood gases ID PATHOLOGICAL SUPPLY DEPENDENCE; CRITICAL OXYGEN DELIVERY; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; PROGRESSIVE HEMORRHAGE; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; GAS-EXCHANGE; O-2 UPTAKE; PULMONARY; BLOOD; DOBUTAMINE AB Objective: To collate canine cardiopulmonary measurements from previously published and unpublished studies in instrumented, unsedated, normovolemic and moderately hypovolemic dogs. Design: Collation of data obtained from original investigations in our research laboratory. Setting: Research laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine. Subjects: Sixty-eight dogs. Interventions: Subjects were percutaneously instrumented with an arterial catheter and a thermodilution cardiac output catheter. A femoral artery catheter was percutaneously placed for blood removal. Measurements and main results: Body weight, arterial and mixed-venous pH and blood gases, arterial, pulmonary arterial, pulmonary artery occlusion, and central venous blood pressure, cardiac output, and core body temperature were measured. Body surface area, bicarbonate concentration, standard base excess, cardiac index (CI), stroke volume, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, left and right ventricular work and stroke work indices, left and right rate-pressure product, alveolar PO2, alveolar-arterial PO2 gradient, arterial and mixed-venous and pulmonary capillary oxygen content, oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption, oxygen extraction, venous admixture, arterial and venous blood carbon dioxide content, arterial-venous carbon dioxide gradient, carbon dioxide production were calculated. In 68 dogs, hypovolemia sufficient to decrease mean arterial blood pressure (ABPm) to an average of 62 mmHg, was associated with the following changes: arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) decreased from 40.0 to 32.9 mmHg; arterial base deficit (BDa) increased from -2.2 to -6.3 mEq/L; lactate increased from 0.85 to 10.7 mm/L, and arterial pH (pHa) did not change. Arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) increased from 100.5 to 108.3 mmHg while mixed-venous PO2 (PmvO(2)) decreased from 49.1 to 34.1 mmHg. Arterial and mixed-venous oxygen content (CaO2 and CmvO(2)) decreased from 17.5 to 16.5 and 13.8 to 9.6 mL/dL, respectively. The alveolar-arterial PO2 gradient (A-a PO2) increased from 5.5 to 8.9 mmHg while venous admixture decreased from 2.9% to 1.4%. The ABPm decreased from 100 to 62 mmHg; pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPm) decreased from 13.6 to 6.4 mmHg; and pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure (PAOP) decreased from 4.9 to 0.1 mmHg. CI decreased from 4.31 to 2.02 L/min/m(2). Systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance (SVRI and PVRI) increased from 1962 to 2753 and 189 to 269 dyn s/cm(5), respectively. Oxygen delivery (DO2) decreased from 787 to 340 mL/min/m(2) while oxygen consumption (VO2) decreased from 172 to 141 mL/min/m(2). Oxygen extraction increased from 20.9% to 42.3%. Conclusions: Moderate hypovolemia caused CI and oxygen delivery to decrease to 47% and 42% of baseline. Oxygen extraction, however, doubled and, therefore, oxygen consumption decreased only to 82% of baseline. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Surg & Radiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Vet Med Teaching Hosp, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USA, Vet Support Branch, Div Res, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Haskins, SC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Surg & Radiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM schaskins@ucdavis.edu NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1479-3261 J9 J VET EMERG CRIT CAR JI J. Vet. Emerg. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2005 VL 15 IS 2 BP 100 EP 109 DI 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2005.00129.x PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 934IA UT WOS:000229701300003 ER PT J AU Hinds, SB AF Hinds, SB TI The 3Rs of our ways SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hinds, SB (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 34 IS 6 BP 18 EP 18 DI 10.1038/laban0605-18a PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 933IA UT WOS:000229620900003 PM 15924127 ER PT J AU Kennedy, RH AF Kennedy, RH TI Toward integration in reservoir management SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE reservoir; water quality; reservoir management; reservoir operation ID WATER-QUALITY; MODELS; LAKES; SUCCESSION; RETENTION; DYNAMICS; PROTECH; RIVER AB Reservoirs are engineered features of hydrologic landscapes with characteristics defined by engineering design criteria. Many of these characteristics impact water quality. Reservoir management has historically been dictated by water control requirements; environment and water quality have been secondary considerations. Management approaches that address inputs of nutrients, sediment and organic material as root causes of eutrophication have been difficult to implement due to the location of reservoirs in large, complex watersheds. Costly engineering solutions that reduce symptoms of problems rather than address their cause are favored over watershed-based approaches applied to smaller natural lakes. To be successful, future management initiatives will require more integrative approaches that recognize reservoirs as integral components of watersheds and river basins. Understanding interactions between engineering practice and water quality fosters the development and implementation of effective management approaches that address environmental and water quality concerns as well as water quantity. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, European Res Off, London NW1 5TH, England. RP Kennedy, RH (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, European Res Off, Edison House,223 Old Marylebone Rd, London NW1 5TH, England. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU NORTH AMER LAKE MANAGEMENT SOC PI MADISON PA PO BOX 5443, MADISON, WI 53705-5443 USA SN 1040-2381 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 2 BP 128 EP 138 PG 11 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 943QU UT WOS:000230369900002 ER PT J AU James, WF AF James, WF TI Alum: Redox-sensitive phosphorus ratio considerations and uncertainties in the estimation of alum dosage to control sediment phosphorus SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE alum; internal P loading; phosphorus; sediment; soft-water lake ID LAKE-SEDIMENTS; RELEASE; MOBILIZATION; FIXATION; SHALLOW; WATER; TOOL AB Alum dosage requirements to immobilize loosely-bound and iron-bound sediment phosphorus (P) fractions (i.e., redox-sensitive P fractions) in the surface sediments of eutrophic, Squaw Lake, Wisconsin, were determined using alum assay procedures developed by Rydin and Welch (1999). Since the lake exhibits a low buffering capacity (alkalinity = 25 mg Ca L-1), an alkalinity-based calculation could not be used to estimate alum dosage. Redox-sensitive sediment P fractions of surficial sediments, which represented 44% of the inorganic sediment P, were depleted by greater than 90% at an alum (as Al):redox-sensitive P binding ratio of similar to 100:1. Our results suggest that a higher dosage of alum, based on a higher alum:redox-sensitive P binding ratio requirement, is necessary to achieve effective control of sediment P in this lake. However, uncertainties still exist in the calculation of an alum dosage based on redox-sensitive sediment P concentration. More research is needed to validate optimal alum:redox-sensitive P binding ratios for use in sediment P-based alum dosage calculations. Criteria for estimating the layer of profundal sediment (i.e., the volume of redox-sensitive sediment P or the active layer of sediment contributing to diffusive P flux) to treat is also needed in order to estimate a cost-effective alum dosage for reducing internal P loading. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, POB 237, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU NORTH AMER LAKE MANAGEMENT SOC PI MADISON PA PO BOX 5443, MADISON, WI 53705-5443 USA SN 1040-2381 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 2 BP 159 EP 164 PG 6 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 943QU UT WOS:000230369900005 ER PT J AU James, WF Barko, JW AF James, WF Barko, JW TI Biologically labile and refractory phosphorus loads from the agriculturally-managed Upper Eau Galle River Watershed, Wisconsin SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE adsorption-desorption; biological phosphorus availability; equilibrium phosphorus concentration; labile phosphorus forms; loading; phosphorus; refractory phosphorus forms; runoff; watershed ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS; BIOAVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS; LAKE-SEDIMENTS; DYNAMICS; RUNOFF; BUDGET; MOBILIZATION; MECHANISMS; PHOSPHATE AB Fractionation techniques were used to quantify various biologically labile (i.e., directly available for biological uptake or subject to recycling pathways) and refractory (i.e., biologically unavailable and subject to burial) particulate and soluble phosphorus (P) forms along the longitudinal axis of the agriculturally-managed Upper Eau Galle River watershed in west-central Wisconsin. P loading increased as a function of increasing distance from the river's headwaters. However, areal P export rates were similar longitudinally, indicating a relatively homogeneous land-use mosaic throughout the watershed. P loads were composed of predominantly biologically labile constituents (i.e., 79%), with soluble P forms (i.e., soluble reactive and unreactive P) accounting for 49% and labile particulate P forms (i.e., loosely-bound PP, iron-bound PP, and labile organic/polyphosphate PP) accounting for 30% of the P load. Soluble P forms are either directly available for biological uptake or can be converted to available forms through enzymatic (i.e., alkaline phosphatase) reactions. Deposition and retention of loosely-bound and iron-bound PP in the receiving impoundment, Eau Galle Reservoir, can become an important source of internal P loading via eH and pH chemical reactions. Suspended solids loads also exhibited a high equilibrium P concentration (i.e., EPC > 0.10 mg L-1) that was similar to flow-weighted soluble reactive P concentrations in the river, suggesting equilibrium control of soluble P as loads entered the reservoir. The high EPC and a linear adsorption coefficient approaching 1000 L kg(-1) indicated that binding sites of eroded soils in the runoff were enriched with P due to soil nutrient management. Our results indicated that transformations, transport, and fate of biologically labile PP, as well as soluble P, need to be considered in load reduction management to eutrophic receiving waters. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, POB 237, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU NORTH AMER LAKE MANAGEMENT SOC PI MADISON PA PO BOX 5443, MADISON, WI 53705-5443 USA SN 1040-2381 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 2 BP 165 EP 173 PG 9 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 943QU UT WOS:000230369900006 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI A mile down: The true story of a disastrous career at sea. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 130 IS 10 BP 144 EP 144 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 931DO UT WOS:000229466200138 ER PT J AU Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL AF Nicolaou, PD Semiatin, SL TI An analysis of cavity growth during open-die hot forging of Ti-6Al-4V SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION; STRESS TRIAXIALITY; CAVITATION; BEHAVIOR; WORKING; WORKABILITY; TITANIUM; ALLOYS AB The effect of local deformation conditions on the cavitation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V during open-die forging was quantified using optical metallography and continuum finite-element-method (FEM) analysis of pancake forgings. The observations were interpreted using meso- and microscopic-scale models, which were used to predict the average cavity size as well the size of the largest cavities. The mesoscale model gave excellent predictions of the average cavity size at different locations of the workpiece, but grossly underestimated the size of the largest cavities by an order of magnitude. On the other hand, the micromechanical model, which accounted for the effect of local colony orientation on cavity growth, was capable of predicting the size of the largest cavities very well. Because the large cavities are the most deleterious with respect to subsequent processing and service performance, it was concluded that micromechanical models should be used to design primary hot working processes in order to minimize the size and number of such cavities. C1 S&B SA, Athens 10672, Greece. USA, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, MLLM, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Nicolaou, PD (reprint author), S&B SA, Athens 10672, Greece. EM p.nicolaou@sandb.com RI SEMIATIN, SHELDON/E-7264-2017 NR 24 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 36A IS 6 BP 1567 EP 1574 DI 10.1007/s11661-005-0248-3 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 932EM UT WOS:000229537000018 ER PT J AU Jurden, JP AF Jurden, JP TI Spit and polish: A critique of military off-duty personal appearance standards SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CONSTITUTIONAL-RIGHTS; 1ST AMENDMENT C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Jurden, JP (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 184 BP 1 EP 65 PG 65 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 948RI UT WOS:000230733000001 ER PT J AU Simon, DL AF Simon, DL TI Making sense of cruel and unusual punishment: A new approach to reconciling military and civilian Eighth Amendment law SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 184 BP 66 EP 128 PG 63 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 948RI UT WOS:000230733000002 ER PT J AU Chase, DJ AF Chase, DJ TI Competitive quotes on FSS buys: Hold the pickle, hold the mayo - Can you have it your way and still have competition? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 184 BP 129 EP 173 PG 45 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 948RI UT WOS:000230733000003 ER PT J AU Taft, WH AF Taft, WH TI Eighteenth Waldemar A. Solf Lecture in International Law SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Taft, WH (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 184 BP 174 EP 185 PG 12 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 948RI UT WOS:000230733000004 ER PT J AU Belknap, MR AF Belknap, MR TI The Vietnam War on trial: The My Lai massacre and the court-martial of Lieutenant Calley SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 53, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 53, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Belknap, MR (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 53, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 184 BP 202 EP 211 PG 10 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 948RI UT WOS:000230733000006 ER PT J AU Balf, T AF Balf, T TI The darkest jungle SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 43, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 43, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. RP Balf, T (reprint author), USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 43, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 184 BP 212 EP 219 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 948RI UT WOS:000230733000007 ER PT J AU Ruble, P Silverman, M Harrell, J Ringenberg, L Fruendt, J Walters, T Christiansen, L Llorente, M Barnett, SD Scherb, B Lumpkin, E Mitchell, D AF Ruble, P Silverman, M Harrell, J Ringenberg, L Fruendt, J Walters, T Christiansen, L Llorente, M Barnett, SD Scherb, B Lumpkin, E Mitchell, D TI Medical and physical readiness of the US Army Reserve for Noble Eagle/Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom: Recommendations for future mobilizations SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual Conference on Force Health Protection CY AUG, 2003 CL Albuquerque, NM ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; GULF-WAR; VETERANS; HEALTH AB The U.S. Army Reserve plays an important role in the war-fighting capabilities of the U.S. military. There have been concerns, however, regarding the health and physical readiness of this force. Recently Army Reservists were mobilized for Operation Noble Eagle/Iraqi Freedom. We report on both the medical waivers requested and issues related to soldiers found medically nonavailable for deployment on data collected and analyzed from several mobilization sites. Four hundred thirty-one medical waivers were requested. Of 60,000 mobilized, approximately 2.7% were found to be medically nonavailable for deployment, predominately enlisted and male. The most common problems identified were orthopedic, psychiatric, diabetes, asthma, obstetrical-gynecological, and cardiac. The overall prevalence of medically nonavailable for deployment of Army Reservists was low. Most of the conditions leading to nondeployable troops were attributable to chronic disease. Interventions to decrease the level of medically nonavailable for deployment and to lessen mobilization site operations are being implemented. C1 USA Reserve Command, Ft McPherson, GA 30330 USA. HHC 1st Med Brigade, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Miami, FL 33125 USA. Inova Inst Res & Educ, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA. Forces Command HQ, Ft McPherson, GA 30330 USA. RP Ruble, P (reprint author), USA Reserve Command, Ft McPherson, GA 30330 USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 170 IS 6 BP 443 EP 450 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JM UT WOS:000235831400002 PM 16001589 ER PT J AU Peoples, GE Gerlinger, T Craig, R Burlingame, B AF Peoples, GE Gerlinger, T Craig, R Burlingame, B TI The 274th Forward Surgical Team experience during Operation Enduring Freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The 274th Forward Surgical Team (FST) was deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom from October 14, 2001 to May 8, 2002. During this period, the FST was asked to perform many nondoctrinal missions. The FST was tasked with functioning as a mini-combat support hospital during the earlier phases of Operation Enduring Freedom, performing in-flight surgical procedures and resuscitation of combat wounded, conducting split operations with surgical coverage of both Karshi and Khanabad, Uzbekistan, and Bagram, Afghanistan, and leading the multinational medical coalition assembled for Operation Anaconda and other combat operations staged from Bagram. Overall, the 274th FST took care of similar to 90% of U.S. combat casualties during this period and treated a total of 221 combat casualties. The FST treated 103 total surgical cases, including 73 with combat wounds. At the time, this experience with combat casualties and the surgical care of combat wounds was the largest since the Persian Gulf War. More importantly, this account describes the flow, frequency, and type of combat casualties seen in a low-intensity conflict like that being waged currently in Afghanistan. It is hoped that this depiction will aid in the preparation, equipping, and overall utilization of surgical assets in similar future conflicts. C1 Forward Surg Team 274th, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Forward Surg Team 274th, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 3 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 170 IS 6 BP 451 EP 459 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JM UT WOS:000235831400003 PM 16001590 ER PT J AU Peoples, GE Gerlinger, T Craig, R Burlingame, B AF Peoples, GE Gerlinger, T Craig, R Burlingame, B TI Combat casualties in Afghanistan cared for by a single forward surgical team during the initial phases of Operation Enduring Freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WAR AB Background: The 274th Forward Surgical Team (FST) was the first FST deployed to Bagram, Afghanistan, to provide surgical care for combat casualties during the initial phases of Operation Enduring Freedom. This is an analysis of the distribution, cause, and severity of wounds for combat casualties and the surgical procedures they required. Methods: A prospective database was maintained for combat casualties cared for by the 274th FST. The database included demographic data, vital status, mechanism of injury, distribution and severity of wounds, and surgical care provided. Results: The FST cared for 224 combat casualties, including 153 U.S. soldiers, 19 coalition soldiers, 32 Afghan militia forces soldiers, and 20 detainees. Fragments were the most common mechanism of injury (49%), and the extremity was the most common location of injury (58%), whereas gunshot wounds were the most common cause of death (57%). There were few significant head, chest, or abdominal wounds (13%). The FST treated 103 surgical cases (73 with combat wounds), including neurosurgical, thoracic, general, orthopedic, and vascular cases, with a total of 180 procedures. Conclusions: The distribution, cause, and severity of wounds were similar to those in the Persian Gulf War, despite the obvious differences between these conflicts. The use of modem technologies, such as compact, portable, ultrasound and digital X-ray systems, expanded the capabilities of the FST. Even low-intensity conflicts can produce significant numbers of combat casualties, and the FST must be manned, trained, equipped, and supplied to treat a wide variety of combat wounds. C1 Forward Surg Team 274th, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Forward Surg Team 274th, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 6 TC 55 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 170 IS 6 BP 462 EP 468 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JM UT WOS:000235831400005 PM 16001592 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Roop, SA Hospenthal, DR AF Murray, CK Roop, SA Hospenthal, DR TI Medical problems of detainees after the conclusion of major ground combat during Operation Iraqi Freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES PRISONERS; DESERT-STORM; WAR; CARE AB After the conclusion of major ground combat operations during Operation Iraqi Freedom, the focus of the mission changed, although intense armed conflict continued. Included in this mission was management of security detainees, including provision of their medical care. We retrospectively reviewed the admission records identified at a short-term holding facility over 2 months and diagnoses of detainees admitted to a combat support hospital over 4 months as a health care service utilization statistics review. Six thousand six hundred thirty-one detainee encounters occurred at the short-term facility with approximately 45% of detainees reporting medical problems during each daily evaluation. Most frequent complaints were neurological (11%), gastrointestinal (10%), and respiratory (8%). Two hundred nineteen detainees' admission diagnoses were retrospectively reviewed from the combat support hospital, 98 (45%) due to gunshot or fragmentary injuries and 121 (55%) to other medical problems. Medical problems included cardiac (29%), gastrointestinal (17%), neurological (14%), musculoskeletal (11%), and pulmonary (6%) disease. Medical problems not traditionally dealt with in a combat theater, including management of transplant recipients, patients with cardiac valve replacement, and cancer patient, were also seen. C1 Brigade Combat Team 1st, Infantry Div 1, APO, AE 09394 USA. Combat Support Hosp Baghdad 31st, APO, AE 09348 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis MCHE MDI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 170 IS 6 BP 501 EP 504 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JM UT WOS:000235831400013 PM 16001600 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Reynolds, JC Schroeder, JM Harrison, MB Evans, OM Hospenthal, DR AF Murray, CK Reynolds, JC Schroeder, JM Harrison, MB Evans, OM Hospenthal, DR TI Spectrum of care provided at an echelon II medical unit during Operation Iraqi Freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; DESERT-SHIELD; BATTLE; PERSONNEL; DISEASE; RATES; US AB We describe the types of medical problems encountered at a U.S. Army echelon II medical facility during Operation Iraqi Freedom in the period after completion of major ground combat operations, a time of nation restructuring and intermittent, intense, armed conflict. A total of 4,831 patients were assessed between October 1, 2003 and June 30, 2004, 74% with disease and nonbattle injury presentations, 19% with dental complaints, and 7% wounded in action (WIA). Disease and nonbattle injury evaluations were predominantly musculoskeletal. Improvised explosive devices or mortars caused 78% of the WIA casualties. The most frequent dental evaluations were for restorations (47%). Thirty-eight individuals were admitted to holding beds, most commonly to receive intravenous antibiotic treatment for cellulitis (29%). Three hundred forty-one individuals were evacuated, including 150 WIA. Determining the types of casualties seen at forward echelons of medical care during different phases of conflict can aid medical planning and help predict the type of medical resources required. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brigade Combat Team 1st, Infantry Div 1, APO, AE 09394 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 8 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 170 IS 6 BP 516 EP 520 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JM UT WOS:000235831400017 PM 16001604 ER PT J AU Chang, ST Stocker, DJ AF Chang, ST Stocker, DJ TI A 20-year-old active duty male soldier with tachycardia and palpitations during Operation Iraqi Freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID THYROID-CARCINOMA; GRAVES-DISEASE; HYPERTHYROIDISM; RECEPTOR; HYPOTHYROIDISM; AUTOANTIBODIES; SURGERY AB A 20-year-old active duty male presented with palpitations, tachycardia, and a nontender, diffusely enlarged thyroid. The differential diagnosis and appropriate management of this patient's symptoms and physical examination findings are reviewed. Various diagnostic modalities are highlighted and effective treatment strategies as well as their risks and benefits are discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Chang, ST (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 170 IS 6 BP 550 EP 553 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JM UT WOS:000235831400024 PM 16001611 ER PT J AU Shenoy, DK Barger, WR Singh, A Panchal, RG Misakian, M Stanford, VM Kasianowicz, JJ AF Shenoy, DK Barger, WR Singh, A Panchal, RG Misakian, M Stanford, VM Kasianowicz, JJ TI Functional reconstitution of protein ion channels into planar polymerizable phospholipid membranes SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-TOXIN; BILAYER-MEMBRANES; LIPID-BILAYERS; PORE; MOLECULES; DISCRIMINATION; BIOSENSOR; HEMOLYSIN AB We demonstrate that polymerizable planar membranes permit reconstitution of protein ion channels formed by the bacterial toxins Staphylococcus aureus alpha-hemolysin (alpha HL) and Bacillus anthracis protective antigen 63. The alpha HL channel remained functional even after membrane polymerization. Surface pressure measurements suggest that the ease of forming membranes depends on membrane surface elasticity estimated from Langmuir-Blodgett monolayer pressure-area isotherms. The ability to stabilize nanoscale pores in robust ultrathin films may prove useful in single molecule sensing applications. C1 USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Geocenters Inc, Newton, MA 02459 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NIST, Adv Chem Sci Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Shenoy, DK (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM dshenoy@cbmse.nrl.navy.mil; john.kasianowicz@nist.gov NR 30 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1181 EP 1185 DI 10.1021/nl050481q PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 934SY UT WOS:000229729900034 PM 15943465 ER PT J AU Lunday, BJ Smith, JC Goldberg, JB AF Lunday, BJ Smith, JC Goldberg, JB TI Algorithms for solving the conditional covering problem on paths SO NAVAL RESEARCH LOGISTICS LA English DT Article DE covering problems; location theory; dynamic programming ID HEURISTICS; LOCATION AB Consider the conditional covering problem on an undirected graph, where each node represents a site that must be covered by a facility, and facilities may only be established at these nodes. Each facility can cover all sites that lie within some common covering radius, except the site at which it is located. Although this problem is difficult to solve on general graphs, there exist special structures on which the problem is easily solvable. In this paper, we consider the special case in which the graph is a simple path. For the case in which facility location costs do not vary based on the site, we derive characteristics of the problem that lead to a linear-time shortest path algorithm for solving the problem. When the facility location costs vary according to the site, we provide a more complex, but still polynomial-time, dynamic programming algorithm to find the optimal solution. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Syst & Ind Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Smith, JC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Syst & Ind Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM cole@sie.arizona.edu OI Lunday, Brian/0000-0001-5191-4361 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0894-069X J9 NAV RES LOG JI Nav. Res. Logist. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 52 IS 4 BP 293 EP 301 DI 10.1002/nav.20074 PG 9 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 917GD UT WOS:000228443600001 ER PT J AU Sawka, MN Cheuvront, SN Carter, R AF Sawka, MN Cheuvront, SN Carter, R TI Human water needs SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Nestle Hydration Symposium CY NOV 15-16, 2004 CL Lausanne, SWITZERLAND DE body water needs; fluid balance; fluid homeostasis; hydration ID EXERCISE-HEAT STRESS; HEALTHY ELDERLY MEN; BODY-COMPOSITION; FLUID BALANCE; THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSES; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; URINARY INDEXES; TURNOVER RATES; REPLACEMENT; METABOLISM AB Healthy humans regulate daily water balance remarkably well across their lifespan despite changes in biological development and exposure to stressors on hydration status. Acute or chronic body water deficits result when intakes are reduced or losses increase, but day-to-day hydration is generally well maintained so long as food and fluid are readily available. Total water intake includes drinking water, water in beverages, and water in food. Daily water needs determined from fluid balance, water turnover, or consumption studies provide similar values for a given set of conditions. A daily water intake of 3.7 L for adult men and 2.7 L for adult women meets the needs of the vast majority of persons. However, strenuous physical exercise and heat stress can greatly increase daily water needs, and the individual variability between athletes can be substantial. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Sawka, MN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM michael.sawka@us.army.mil RI dal canton, antonio/G-4388-2013; OI DAL CANTON, ANTONIO/0000-0002-2189-6315 NR 63 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 3 U2 28 PU INT LIFE SCIENCES INST NORTH AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA ONE THOMAS CIRCLE, N W, 9TH FLOOR, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 63 IS 6 SU S BP S30 EP S39 DI 10.1301/nr.2005.jun.S30-S39 PN 2 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 938WV UT WOS:000230035000006 PM 16028570 ER PT J AU You, W Dainty, LA Rose, GS Krivak, T McHale, MT Olsen, CH Elkas, JC AF You, W Dainty, LA Rose, GS Krivak, T McHale, MT Olsen, CH Elkas, JC TI Gynecologic malignancies in women aged less than 25 years SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATHOLOGY; CANCER; TUMORS AB OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiologic characteristics of gynecologic malignancies in patients 25 years of age or younger. METHODS: The Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR), the cancer registry for the Department of Defense, was used to identify children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with gynecologic malignancies. Specifically, primary ovarian, uterine, cervical, vaginal, and vulvar malignancies diagnosed between 1990 and 2002 were included in the analysis. Data from the Department of Defense tumor registry were then compared with results obtained from the national Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Report (SEER) program database. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-one cases were identified in the Department of Defense tumor registry. The most common primary site was ovary, with 116 cases (46%), followed by cervix, with 108 cases (43%). The most common histological types were germ cell (35%) for ovary, squamous cell (52%) for cervix, choriocarcinoma, (18%) for uterus, and squamous cell (30%) for vulva/vagina. The 21- to 25-year-old age group had the greatest number of cases for the entire cohort (23%). Most patients had only local disease at time of diagnosis, and the 5-year survival percentage was 86% (95% confidence interval 80-91) for all patients with ovarian and cervical carcinoma. Data from the SEER program demonstrated a similar distribution and incidence pattern. CONCLUSION: The ovary and cervix are the most common primary sites of gynecologic malignancies in patients 25 years of age or younger. Health maintenance programs for patients in this age group should continue to include pelvic exams and Pap test screening. (c) 2005 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Elkas, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM john.elkas@na.amedd.army.mil NR 12 TC 22 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 105 IS 6 BP 1405 EP 1409 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000163254.98217.91 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 929QQ UT WOS:000229361200020 PM 15932836 ER PT J AU Shah, SS Zaoutis, TE Turnquist, J Hodinka, RL Coffin, SE AF Shah, SS Zaoutis, TE Turnquist, J Hodinka, RL Coffin, SE TI Early differentiation of lyme from enteroviral meningitis SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies/Ambulatory-Pediatric-Association CY MAY 03-06, 2003 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Pediat Acad Soc, Amer Pediat Soc, Soc Pediat Res, Ambulatory Pediat Assoc, Tulane Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Continuing Educ DE Lyme neuroborreliosis; Lyme disease; enterovirus; meningitis; aseptic meningitis ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI DNA; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; ASEPTIC-MENINGITIS; LUMBAR PUNCTURE; NEUROLOGIC MANIFESTATIONS; CHILDREN; NEUROBORRELIOSIS; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Differentiating Lyme meningitis from enteroviral meningitis remains difficult because both occur mostly in the summer and early fall. This distinction is clinically important because pathogen-specific diagnostic test results are not available immediately and only patients with Lyme meningitis require parenteral antibiotic therapy. Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify clinical and laboratory features that might help clinicians distinguish patients with Lyme meningitis from those with enteroviral meningitis. Methods: This cross-sectional study compared patients diagnosed with Lyme or enteroviral meningitis evaluated at a large children's hospital between January 1, 1999 and September 20, 2002. Results: Twenty-four patients with Lyme meningitis and 151 patients with enteroviral meningitis had median ages of 10.5 and 5.5 years, respectively (P < 0.0001). There was an equal proportion of boys with Lyme (63%) and enteroviral meningitis (62%; P = 1.0). The duration of symptoms before evaluation was longer for patients with Lyme meningitis (12 days) than with enteroviral meningitis (1 day; P < 0.0001). Cranial neuropathy was a presenting feature in 71% of children with Lyme meningitis. Cranial neuropathy, crythema migrans rash or papilledema occurred in 88% of patients with Lyme meningitis; no patients with enteroviral meningitis exhibited any of these findings (P < 0.0001). Lyme meningitis was unlikely when cerebrospinal fluid neutrophils exceeded 10% (negative predictive value, 99%). Conclusions: We identified several clinical and laboratory features that may permit early differentiation of Lyme from enteroviral meningitis. These results may assist clinicians with decisions regarding additional testing and empiric antibiotic therapy. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Gen Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Clin Virol Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Infect Prevent & Control, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Shah, SS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Shah, Samir/0000-0001-7902-7000 NR 22 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 24 IS 6 BP 542 EP 545 DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000164767.73746.6e PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 938ZW UT WOS:000230042900012 PM 15933566 ER PT J AU Eid, J Matthews, MD Meland, NT Johnsen, BH AF Eid, J Matthews, MD Meland, NT Johnsen, BH TI Dispositional optimism and self-assessed situation awareness in a Norwegian military training exercise SO PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS LA English DT Article ID RISK FACTOR AB The current study examined the relationship between dispositional optimism and situation awareness. A sample of 77 Royal Norwegian Naval Academy and 57 Royal Norwegian Army Academy cadets were administered the Life Orientation Test prior to participating in a field-training exercise involving a series of challenging missions. Following an infantry mission component of the exercise, situation awareness was measured using the Mission Awareness Rating Scale (MARS), a self-assessment tool. The analysis indicated that dispositional optimism correlated negatively with situation awareness under these conditions. The role of intrapersonal variables in mediating situation awareness and decision-making in stressful situations is discussed. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. RP Matthews, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, W Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Matthews@usma.edu RI Eid, Jarle/G-1346-2014 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERCEPTUAL MOTOR SKILLS PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807 USA SN 0031-5125 J9 PERCEPT MOTOR SKILL JI Percept. Mot. Skills PD JUN PY 2005 VL 100 IS 3 BP 649 EP 658 DI 10.2466/PMS.100.3.649-658 PN 1 PG 10 WC Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 938OS UT WOS:000230013300009 PM 16060424 ER PT J AU Allegrini, P Aquino, G Grigolini, P Palatella, L Rosa, A West, BJ AF Allegrini, P Aquino, G Grigolini, P Palatella, L Rosa, A West, BJ TI Correlation function and generalized master equation of arbitrary age SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID IRREVERSIBLE-PROCESSES; RECIPROCAL RELATIONS; SYSTEMS; STATISTICS AB We study a two-state statistical process with a non-Poisson distribution of sojourn times. In accordance with earlier work, we find that this process is characterized by aging and we study three different ways to define the correlation function of arbitrary age of the corresponding dichotomous fluctuation. These three methods yield exact expressions, thus coinciding with the recent result by Godreche and Luck [J. Stat. Phys. 104, 489 (2001)]. Actually, non-Poisson statistics yields infinite memory at the probability level, thereby breaking any form of Markovian approximation, including the one adopted herein, to find an approximated analytical formula. For this reason, we check the accuracy of this approximated formula by comparing it with the numerical treatment of the second of the three exact expressions. We find that, although not exact, a simple analytical expression for the correlation function of arbitrary age is very accurate. We establish a connection between the correlation function and a generalized master equation of the same age. Thus this formalism, related to models used in glassy materials, allows us to illustrate an approach to the statistical treatment of blinking quantum dots, bypassing the limitations of the conventional Liouville treatment. C1 INFM, Unita Como, I-22100 Como, Italy. Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. INFM, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. CNR, Ist Proc Chim Fis, Area Ric Pisa, I-56124 Pisa, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, CNR, Ist Sistemi Complessi, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Fac Sci Base, Inst Math B, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Univ Amsterdam, Inst Theoret Phys, Valckeniarstr 65, NL-1018 XE Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM gaquino@science.uva.nl RI Aquino, Gerardo/C-5529-2008; Allegrini, Paolo/C-1876-2012; Rosa, Angelo/C-2056-2015; West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Aquino, Gerardo/0000-0003-3228-7520; Allegrini, Paolo/0000-0002-5476-9005; Rosa, Angelo/0000-0002-9627-2486; Palatella, Luigi Nicola/0000-0003-0075-8287 NR 38 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2005 VL 71 IS 6 AR 066109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.066109 PN 2 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 942IB UT WOS:000230275000025 PM 16089822 ER PT J AU Zhou, FP Advani, SG Wetzel, ED AF Zhou, FP Advani, SG Wetzel, ED TI Slow drag in polydisperse granular mixtures under high pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID CERAMIC TARGETS; POWDER; ADSORPTION; PACKINGS; MODEL; FLOW AB The behavior of polydisperse granular materials, composed of mixtures of particles of different sizes, is studied under conditions of high pressure and confinement. Two types of experiments are performed. In the first type, granular mixtures are compressed, with the resulting force-displacement curve used to calculate density and volume modulus. In the second set of experiments, the drag force is measured by pulling a cylinder, horizontally, through a compressed granular mixture. The density, volume modulus, and drag forces for the mixtures are quantified in terms of the mixture composition. The results show that the behavior of these mixtures depends strongly on the mass fractions of the different sized particles, with density, volume modulus, and drag force all reaching values significantly higher than observed in the monodisperse granular materials. Furthermore, the trends for density and drag force show strong correlation, suggesting that drag resistance of confined granular media could be directly related to packing effects. These results should prove useful in understanding the physics of drag in granular materials under high pressure, such as ballistic penetration of soils or ceramic armors. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Zhou, FP (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUN PY 2005 VL 71 IS 6 AR 061304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.71.061304 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 942HW UT WOS:000230274500024 PM 16089732 ER PT J AU Shearer, JF AF Shearer, J. F. TI Development of an indigenous pathogen for management of the submersed freshwater macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shearer, J. F.] US Army Corps Engineers Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2005 VL 95 IS 6 SU S BP S120 EP S120 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44GO UT WOS:000202991401193 ER PT J AU Geisbert, TW Jones, S Fritz, EA Shurtleff, AC Geisbert, JB Liebscher, R Grolla, A Stroher, U Fernando, L Daddario, KM Guttieri, MC Mothe, BR Larsen, T Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Feldmann, H AF Geisbert, TW Jones, S Fritz, EA Shurtleff, AC Geisbert, JB Liebscher, R Grolla, A Stroher, U Fernando, L Daddario, KM Guttieri, MC Mothe, BR Larsen, T Hensley, LE Jahrling, PB Feldmann, H TI Development of a new vaccine for the prevention of lassa fever SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUSES; EBOLA-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; RHESUS-MONKEYS; VECTORS; GENE; GLYCOPROTEINS; PROTECTION; ANTIBODIES AB Background Recent importation of Lassa fever into Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States by travelers on commercial airlines from Africa underscores the public health challenge of emerging viruses. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines for Lassa fever, and no experimental vaccine has completely protected nonhuman primates against a lethal challenge. Methods and Findings We developed a replication-competent vaccine against Lassa virus based on attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vectors expressing the Lassa viral glycoprotein. A single intramuscular vaccination of the Lassa vaccine elicited a protective immune response in nonhuman primates against a lethal Lassa virus challenge. Vaccine shedding was not detected in the monkeys, and none of the animals developed fever or other symptoms of illness associated with vaccination. The Lassa vaccine induced strong humoral and cellular immune responses in the four vaccinated and challenged monkeys. Despite a transient Lassa viremia in vaccinated animals 7 d after challenge, the vaccinated animals showed no evidence of clinical disease. In contrast, the two control animals developed severe symptoms including rashes, facial edema, and elevated liver enzymes, and ultimately succumbed to the Lassa infection. Conclusion Our data suggest that the Lassa vaccine candidate based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus is safe and highly efficacious in a relevant animal model that faithfully reproduces human disease. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Special Pathogens Program, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Dept Immunol, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med Microbiol, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W3, Canada. Calif State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Marino, CA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Geisbert, TW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM tom.geisbert@amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 2 IS 6 BP 537 EP 545 AR e183 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020183 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 946BI UT WOS:000230546500018 PM 15971954 ER PT J AU Ranade, A D'Souza, N Thellen, C Ratto, JA AF Ranade, A D'Souza, N Thellen, C Ratto, JA TI Surfactant concentration effects on amorphous PETG-montmorillonite layered silicate (MLS) nanocomposite films SO POLYMER INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE degradation; processing; birefringence; nanocomposites ID POLYMER MELT INTERCALATION; POLYIMIDE CLAY HYBRID; MODEL AB Improvements in the dispersion of montmorillonite layered silicates (MLS) have centered on appropriate surfactant treatment of the MLS, to ensure chemical interaction with the polymer material. Here, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) nanocomposites made with two MLS cation exchanged with dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow quaternary ammonium at two concentrations, 95 (MLS-95) and 125 meq (100g)(-1) (MLS-125), were investigated. The host MLS had a cation exchange capacity (CEC) around 92 meq (100g)(-1). The effect of exchanging past the CEC was studied with respect to the dispersion, glass transition and mechanical properties. Films were extruded on a single-screw extruder with a film die attached. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical transmission measurements indicated that increasing surfactant concentration changed the dispersion from intercalated to immiscible. The differences in the dispersion were related to the inherent degradation temperature of the MLS treated with the different surfactant concentrations, relative to the processing temperature. The overexchanged MLS (MLS-125) suffered more surfactant degradation leading to an immiscible dispersion and narrower XRD peaks reflected a higher degree of ordering. In contrast, the XRD peaks of the MLS-95 nanocomposites had increased breadth indicating decreased ordering. MLS orientation, however, did not influence birefringence measured by polarized Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). All nanocomposites showed no significant changes in the glass transition temperatures. (c) 2005 Society of Chemical Industry. C1 Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Nanomat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP D'Souza, N (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. EM ndsouza@unt.edu OI DSouza, Nandika/0000-0002-8553-0347 NR 25 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 12 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0959-8103 J9 POLYM INT JI Polym. Int. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 54 IS 6 BP 875 EP 881 DI 10.1002/pi.1777 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 927UK UT WOS:000229225800003 ER PT J AU Witmer, BG Jerome, CJ Singer, MJ AF Witmer, BG Jerome, CJ Singer, MJ TI The factor structure of the presence questionnaire SO PRESENCE-TELEOPERATORS AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article ID IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS; NUMBER AB Constructing a valid measure of presence and discovering the factors that contribute to presence have been much sought after goals of presence researchers and at times have generated controversy among them. This paper describes the results of principal-components analyses of Presence Questionnaire (PQ) data from 325 participants following exposure to immersive virtual environments. The analyses suggest that a 4-factor model provides the best fit to our data. The factors are Involvement, Adaptation/Immersion, Sensory Fidelity, and Interface Quality. Except for the Adaptation/Immersion factor, these factors corresponded to those identified in a cluster analysis of data from an earlier version of the questionnaire. The existence of an Adaptation/Immersion factor leads us to postulate that immersion is greater for those individuals who rapidly and easily adapt to the virtual environment. The magnitudes of the correlations among the factors indicate moderately strong relationships among the 4 factors. Within these relationships, Sensory Fidelity items seem to be more closely related to Involvement, whereas Interface Quality items appear to be more closely related to Adaptation/Immersion, even though there is a moderately strong relationship between the involvement and Adaptation/Immersion factors. C1 USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Simulator Syst Res Unit, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. Univ Cent Florida, Consortium Res Fellows Program, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Witmer, BG (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Simulator Syst Res Unit, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM Michael.Singer@peostri.army.mil NR 22 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 6 U2 18 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 1054-7460 J9 PRESENCE-TELEOP VIRT JI Presence-Teleoper. Virtual Env. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 14 IS 3 BP 298 EP 312 DI 10.1162/105474605323384654 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 942US UT WOS:000230309000004 ER PT J AU Stepanov, V Krasnoperov, LN Elkina, IB Zhang, XY AF Stepanov, V Krasnoperov, LN Elkina, IB Zhang, XY TI Production of nanocrystalline RDX by Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE nanoscale crystals; RDX; RESS; CO2; supercritical solution ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; PARTICLES; SOLIDS; FLUIDS AB Nanoscale crystals of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) were produced by Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions (RESS). The experiments were performed by expansion of supercritical solutions of RDX in carbon dioxide through sapphire nozzles (ID: 100 and 150 mu m) at pressures of 15.0-29.5 MPa and temperatures of 343 - 348 K. Recrystallized particles were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction, HPLC and melting point analysis. The process produced particles with a mean size in the range 110-220nm and a narrow size distribution. The product was crystalline as determined by X-ray diffraction. The effect of process conditions (T, P, nozzle diameter) on the crystal size distribution was determined. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, University Hts, NJ 07102 USA. USA, RDECOM, ARDEC, Armaments Engn Technol Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Mat Characterizat Lab, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Krasnoperov, LN (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, University Hts, NJ 07102 USA. EM Krasnoperov@ADM.njit.edu NR 14 TC 53 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 30 IS 3 BP 178 EP 183 DI 10.1002/prep.200500002 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 939FV UT WOS:000230058800002 ER PT J AU de Leon, J Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL AF de Leon, J Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL TI The dosing of atypical antipsychotics SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA CLOZAPINE CONCENTRATIONS; STEADY-STATE PHARMACOKINETICS; HUMAN CYTOCHROMES P450; DRUG-INTERACTIONS; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; CHRONIC-SCHIZOPHRENIA; GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; RISPERIDONE AB Drug-drug interactions or genetic variability may require using doses different from those recommended for atypical antipsychotics. Dosage alterations of olanzapine and clozapine, dependent on cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) for clearance, and quetiapine, dependent on cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A), may be necessary when used with other drugs that inhibit or induce their metabolic enzymes. Smoking cessation can significantly increase clozapine, and perhaps olanzapine, levels. Ziprasidone pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions are not likely to be important. Genetic variations of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) and drug-drug interactions causing inhibition (CYP2D6 and/or CYP3A) or induction ( CYP3A) may be important for risperidone, and perhaps for aripiprazole, dosing. Adding inhibitors may cause side effects more easily in drugs with a narrow therapeutic window, such as clozapine or risperidone, than in those with a wide therapeutic window, such as olanzapine or aripiprazole. Adding inducers may be associated with a gradual development of lost efficacy. C1 Univ Kentucky, Eastern State Hosp, Mental Hlth Res Ctr, Lexington, KY 40508 USA. Univ Kentucky, Coll Med, Lexington, KY USA. Tual Forest Grove Hosp, Ctr Geriat Psychiat, Forest Grove, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP de Leon, J (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Eastern State Hosp, Mental Hlth Res Ctr, 627 W 4th St, Lexington, KY 40508 USA. EM jdeleon@uky.edu RI de Leon, Jose/F-2709-2013 OI de Leon, Jose/0000-0002-7756-2314 NR 69 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD JUN PY 2005 VL 46 IS 3 BP 262 EP 273 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.46.3.262 PG 12 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 924QP UT WOS:000228994600010 PM 15883149 ER PT J AU Jiang, RZ Chu, DR AF Jiang, RZ Chu, DR TI An electrode probe for high-throughput screening of electrochemical libraries SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROCATALYSTS; POLYMERIZATION; DISCOVERY; CATALYSTS; PARALLEL; SYSTEM AB A pen-shaped O-2 electrode probe is designed for high-throughput screening of electrochemical libraries. The electrode probe consists of a large-area O-2 electrode and a cylindrical electrolyte sponge with a short cone tip for screening. This type of design can easily minimize the probe resistance contributed by the electrolyte. A zinc electrode library is generated using a nonautomated method to deposit metal zinc on a graphite plate. The zinc electrode library and the O-2-electrode probe form an electrochemical library containing 128 micro zinc/air batteries. High-throughput screening of the zinc/air batteries are carried out by moving the tip of the electrode probe under constant potential (1.0 V) and measuring the current. A Gaussian distribution is used for statistical analysis of the experimental data. These data obtained with the combinatorial method have a relative standard deviation of 8.9% based on a nonautomated coating procedure. The O-2 electrode probe is used to study the effect of addition of Cu in the anode on the performance of the zinc/air battery. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jiang, RZ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM rjiang@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 76 IS 6 AR 062213 DI 10.1063/1.1904272 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 937YG UT WOS:000229962000015 ER PT J AU Torres-Cisneros, M Haus, JW Powers, P Bojja, P Scalora, M Bloemer, N Akozbek, N Aguilera-Cortes, LA Guzman-Cabrera, R Castro-Sanchez, R Meneses-Nava, MA Andrade-Lucio, JA Sanchez-Mondragon, JJ AF Torres-Cisneros, M Haus, JW Powers, P Bojja, P Scalora, M Bloemer, N Akozbek, N Aguilera-Cortes, LA Guzman-Cabrera, R Castro-Sanchez, R Meneses-Nava, MA Andrade-Lucio, JA Sanchez-Mondragon, JJ TI Parametric conversion in a non-lineal photonic crystal SO REVISTA MEXICANA DE FISICA LA Spanish DT Article DE photonic crystals; nonlinear optics; Terahertz sources; parametric conversion ID FAR-INFRARED RADIATION; OPTICAL RECTIFICATION; TERAHERTZ RADIATION; FEMTOSECOND PULSES; GENERATION; CARRIER; THZ AB In this work we present a novel coherent source of millimeter wavelength waves based On parametric down-conversion in an one-dimensional photonic crystal. Our proposal is based either on the band edge or on defect-mode field enhancement phenomena near a photonic band gap, The numerical results have been showed that a wide range of' intensities and bandwidths of colicrent radiation can be obtained as we vary either the number periods or the refraction index contrast between layers of the crystal array. C1 Univ Guanajuato, FIMEE, Guanajuato 36730, Mexico. Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USA, Missile Command, Dev & Engn Ctr, Weapons Sci Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. Ctr Invest & Opt, Leon, Mexico. INAOE, Foton & Fis Opt, Puebla, Mexico. RP Torres-Cisneros, M (reprint author), Univ Guanajuato, FIMEE, Guanajuato 36730, Mexico. EM mtorres@salamanca.ugto.mx RI Torres-Cisneros, Miguel/B-4969-2014; Guzman-Cabrera, Rafael/L-1158-2013 OI Torres-Cisneros, Miguel/0000-0002-2408-4945; Guzman-Cabrera, Rafael/0000-0002-9320-7021 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOCIEDAD MEXICANA DE FISICA PI COYOACAN PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-348, COYOACAN 04511, MEXICO SN 0035-001X J9 REV MEX FIS JI Rev. Mex. Fis. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 51 IS 3 BP 258 EP 264 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 939WC UT WOS:000230102300006 ER PT J AU Qasim, M Fredrickson, H McGrath, C Furey, J Bajpai, R AF Qasim, M Fredrickson, H McGrath, C Furey, J Bajpai, R TI Theoretical predictions of chemical degradation reaction mechanisms of RDX and other cyclic nitramines derived from their molecular structures SO SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cyclic nitramines; sites of reactivity; semiempirical computational chemistry; classical force field; environmental degradation ID AB-INITIO; HMX AB Analysis of environmental degradation pathways of contaminants is aided by predictions of likely reaction mechanisms and intermediate products derived from computational models of molecular structure. Quantum mechanical methods and force-field molecular mechanics were used to characterize cyclic nitramines. Likely degradation mechanisms for hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) include hydroxylation utilizing addition of hydroxide ions to initiate proton abstraction via 2nd order rate elimination (E-2) or via nucleophilic substitution of nitro groups, reductive chemical and biochemical degradation, and free radical oxidation. Due to structural similarities, it is predicted that, under homologous circumstances, certain RDX environmental degradation pathways should also be effective for octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) and similar cyclic nitramines. Computational models provided a theoretical framework whereby likely transformation mechanisms and transformation products of cyclic nitramines were predicted and used to elucidate in situ degradation pathways. C1 USA, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. CSC, Vicksburg, MS USA. Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Qasim, M (reprint author), USA, ERDC, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Mohammad.M.Qasim@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1062-936X J9 SAR QSAR ENVIRON RES JI SAR QSAR Environ. Res. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 16 IS 3 BP 203 EP 218 DI 10.1080/10659360500037032 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Environmental Sciences; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology GA 943ZN UT WOS:000230394800001 PM 15804809 ER PT J AU Atkins, J Handrigan, M Pamnani, M Zhang, Z Day, B Gorbunov, N AF Atkins, J Handrigan, M Pamnani, M Zhang, Z Day, B Gorbunov, N TI Early formation of nitric oxide adducts in hemorrhagic hypotension SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Conference on Shock CY JUN 04-07, 2005 CL Marco Isl, FL C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2005 VL 23 SU 3 BP 5 EP 6 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 928DU UT WOS:000229252100015 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Sondeen, JL Prince, MD Holcomb, JB AF Dubick, MA Sondeen, JL Prince, MD Holcomb, JB TI Comparison of hypotensive resuscitation with polyhemm (HBOC) or blood in a swine hemorrhage SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Conference on Shock CY JUN 04-07, 2005 CL Marco Isl, FL C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2005 VL 23 SU 3 BP 19 EP 20 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 928DU UT WOS:000229252100055 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG Bowman, PD Lu, X Ding, XZ Zhao, B Atkins, JL Tsokos, GC AF Kiang, JG Bowman, PD Lu, X Ding, XZ Zhao, B Atkins, JL Tsokos, GC TI Geldanamycin treatment prevents hemorrhage-induced ATP loss in mouse organs. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Conference on Shock CY JUN 04-07, 2005 CL Marco Isl, FL C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2005 VL 23 SU 3 BP 25 EP 25 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 928DU UT WOS:000229252100071 ER PT J AU Oliver, JD Schooley, JF Wang, L Bentley, TB Atkins, JL Pamnani, MB AF Oliver, JD Schooley, JF Wang, L Bentley, TB Atkins, JL Pamnani, MB TI Changes in ex vivo Na+, K+-atpase (NKA) activity in hemorrhage (H) and resuscitation (R). SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Conference on Shock CY JUN 04-07, 2005 CL Marco Isl, FL C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2005 VL 23 SU 3 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 928DU UT WOS:000229252100080 ER PT J AU Bentley, T Atkins, J AF Bentley, T Atkins, J TI Hypotensive resuscitation fluids in a model of controlled hemorrhagic shock in rats SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Conference on Shock CY JUN 04-07, 2005 CL Marco Isl, FL C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2005 VL 23 SU 3 BP 29 EP 29 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 928DU UT WOS:000229252100082 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV Atkins, JL AF Gorbunov, NV Atkins, JL TI Pro-inflammatory alterations in the lung cell adhesion molecule network due to shock wave-induced injury SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Conference on Shock CY JUN 04-07, 2005 CL Marco Isl, FL C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2005 VL 23 SU 3 BP 54 EP 54 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 928DU UT WOS:000229252100153 ER PT J AU White, C Ward, J Wolf, S Cancio, L Holcomb, J AF White, C Ward, J Wolf, S Cancio, L Holcomb, J TI Efficacy and utility of wound surveillance cultures and ventilator associated pneumonia in the severely burned. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Conference on Shock CY JUN 04-07, 2005 CL Marco Isl, FL DE respiratory cultures; Klebsiella; Pseudomonas; Proteus; antibiotics C1 USA, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2005 VL 23 SU 3 BP 69 EP 69 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 928DU UT WOS:000229252100197 ER PT J AU Weiss, W Batchinsky, A Jordan, B Delgado, A Gerena-Alvalle, A Cancelada, D Cancio, L AF Weiss, W Batchinsky, A Jordan, B Delgado, A Gerena-Alvalle, A Cancelada, D Cancio, L TI Evaluation of inhaled indomethacin as treatment for severe pulmonary contusion. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Conference on Shock CY JUN 04-07, 2005 CL Marco Isl, FL C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2005 VL 23 SU 3 BP 83 EP 83 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 928DU UT WOS:000229252100237 ER PT J AU Sundararaman, S Adams, DE Rigas, EJ AF Sundararaman, S Adams, DE Rigas, EJ TI Structural damage identification in homogeneous and heterogeneous structures using beamforming SO STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE damage detection; phased arrays; beamforming; nondestructive evaluation ID LINEAR PHASED-ARRAYS; MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS; ANTENNA-ARRAYS; DEFECTS AB In this study, beamformers consisting of phased sensor or actuator arrays are used in the nondestructive evaluation of homogeneous and heterogeneous structural components. Beamforming can be used to detect, locate, and quantify damage by suitably applying weights and time or phase delays to the tapped signals from a sensor array and/or actuator array in a narrow frequency band to obtain the desired directional sensitivities and optimal array gains. Some aspects about beamforming and wave propagation are discussed as a prelude to the experimental investigation. Design considerations for the phased arrays are also examined. The advantages of using adaptive over conventional beamforming are demonstrated with Frost constraint- and pilot signal-based adaptive techniques. Data from steel and composite plates are analyzed using propagating elastic waves and phased arrays of sensors and/or actuators. Damage, which can be characterized as a local change in impedance, is diagnosed by using propagating elastic waves as they are sensitive to small changes in impedance and do not require a large number of input/output transducers. Beamforming of sensor and/or actuator arrays is carried out to characterize damage in steel and composite plates by comparing the directivity patterns associated with the damage and baseline data. C1 Purdue Univ, Ray W Herrick Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USA, Res Lab, Composites & Lightweight Struct Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Adams, DE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Ray W Herrick Labs, 140 S Intramural Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM deadams@ecn.purdue.edu NR 43 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1475-9217 J9 STRUCT HEALTH MONIT JI Struct. Health Monit. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 4 IS 2 BP 171 EP 190 DI 10.1177/1475921705052276 PG 20 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 934XM UT WOS:000229742900005 ER PT J AU Suleiman, D Elabd, YA Napadensky, E Sloan, JA Crawford, DM AF Suleiman, D Elabd, YA Napadensky, E Sloan, JA Crawford, DM TI Thermogravimetric characterization of sulfonated poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) block copolymers: effects of processing conditions SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE block copolymer; ionomer; sulfonic acid; ion-exchange membrane; fuel cell ID PROTON-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; METHANOL FUEL-CELL; POLYSTYRENE-BLOCK-POLY(ETHYLENE-RAN-BUTYLENE)-BLOCK-POLYSTYRENE COPOLYMERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; IONOMERS; PERMEABILITY; TRANSPORT AB In this study, sulfonated poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) (S-SIBS) block copolymers were characterized by thermogravimetry as a function of four different processing conditions: sulfonation level, annealing temperature, film formation, and casting solvent. Sulfonated samples showed an increase in degradation temperature from 432 to 450 degrees C compared to the unsulfonated polymer, regardless of sulfonation level or other processing condition. Sulfonated samples also showed an additional minor loss of mass at approximately 290 degrees C, which was not observed in the unsulfonated polymer. At this temperature, desulfonation or a cleavage reaction of the aromatic carbon-sulfur bond occurs. In addition, annealing the sulfonated block copolymer at a higher temperature (180 degrees C) for an extended period of time also results in a partial desulfonation. These results were confirmed by a reduction in water sorption and in intensity of the infrared bands associated with sulfonic acid. There was no change in thermal stability in S-SIBS block copolymers as a function of film formation (solvent cast versus heat pressed) and casting solvent (six different solvents). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem Engn, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. Drexel Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Ballist Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Suleiman, D (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem Engn, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. EM dsuleiman@uprm.edu RI Elabd, Yossef/G-9866-2014 OI Elabd, Yossef/0000-0002-7790-9445 NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD JUN PY 2005 VL 430 IS 1-2 BP 149 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.tca.2005.01.030 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA 929SQ UT WOS:000229366600024 ER PT J AU Dabisch, PA Miller, DB Reutter, SA Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA AF Dabisch, PA Miller, DB Reutter, SA Mioduszewski, RJ Thomson, SA TI Miotic tolerance to sarin vapor exposure: Role of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE sarin; miosis; tolerance; parasympathetic nervous system; muscarinic receptors ID MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; BOVINE IRIS SPHINCTER; PUPILLARY DILATION; RATS; DESENSITIZATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROPRANOLOL; RELAXATION AB O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate, also known as sarin or GB, is a highly toxic organophosphorous compound that exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. While the effects of a single exposure to GB vapor are well characterized, the effects of multiple exposures to GB vapor are less clear. Previous studies in the rat and guinea pig have demonstrated that multiple exposures result in tolerance to the miotic effect of nerve agents. The aim of the present study was to examine potential mechanisms responsible for tolerance to the miotic effect of GB vapor that has been observed in the rat after multiple exposures. Multiple whole-body inhalation exposures to GB vapor were conducted in a dynamic airflow chamber. Exposures lasted 60 min and each of the three exposures occurred at 24-h intervals. The results of the present study demonstrate that the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine and the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol did not affect the development of tolerance to the miotic effect of GB vapor, suggesting that enhanced sympathetic tone to the eye is not responsible for the observed tolerance. Administration of atropine before the first exposure prevented the tolerance to the miotic effect of GB vapor after the third exposure, suggesting that the tolerance is the result of muscarinic receptor desensitization secondary to receptor stimulation. The present study extends the findings of previous studies to strengthen the hypothesis that the miotic tolerance observed in the rat upon repeated exposure to nerve agents is due to desensitization of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors located on the pupillary sphincter. C1 USA, Operat Toxicol Team, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT TT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20418 USA. Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder, MD USA. RP Dabisch, PA (reprint author), USA, Operat Toxicol Team, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT TT, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM paul.dabisch@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JUN PY 2005 VL 85 IS 2 BP 1041 EP 1047 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfi151 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 928QN UT WOS:000229286900025 PM 15788726 ER PT J AU Crosland, RD Fitch, RW Hines, HB AF Crosland, RD Fitch, RW Hines, HB TI Characterization of beta-leptinotarsin-h and the effects of calcium flux antagonists on its activity SO TOXICON LA English DT Article DE Ca2+ channel; Ca2+ uptakes; synaptosomes; Leptinotarsa haldemani ID JUVENILE-HORMONE ESTERASE; COLORADO POTATO BEETLE; CA2+ CHANNELS; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; NEUROSECRETORY-CELLS; TRANSMITTER RELEASE; SENSORY NEURONS; RAT; SYNAPTOSOMES; THAPSIGARGIN AB beta-Leptinotarsin-h, purified from the hemolymph of the beetle Leptinotarsa haldemani, is a potent (similar to 1 nM) neuroactive protein that rapidly (few seconds) stimulates Ca2+ influx and neurotransmitter release. Our goals were to further characterize beta-leptinotarsin-h and to test the hypothesis that it stimulates Ca2+ influx through presynaptic Ca2+ channels. Analysis of partial amino acid sequences revealed that beta-leptinotarsin-h is a unique protein with significant similarity to only one other protein, the juvenile hormone esterase of Leptinotarsa decemlineata, commonly known as the Colorado potato beetle. We have examined the effect of beta-Ieptinotarsin-h on Ca2+ current, Ca2+ uptake, Ca2+ levels, and neurotransmitter release in synaptosomes, cell lines, and neuronal systems. We found that its preferred site of action appears to be mammalian presynaptic nerve terminals. We tested antagonists of Ca2+ flux for their effects on beta-leptinotarsin-h-stimulated Ca2+ uptake in rat brain synaptosomes. The non-selective Ca2+ channel blockers flunarizine, Ni2+, ruthenium red, high-concentration thapsigargin, and SKF 96365 inhibited beta-leptinotarsin-h's activity, but none of the tested selective blockers of voltage-operated Ca2+ channels (omega-agatoxin IVA, omega-conotoxin GVIA, omega-conotoxin MVIIC, nicardipine, nifedipine, SNX-482) was inhibitory. Selective inhibitors of ligand-operated, store-operated, and transduct ion-operated channels were also not inhibitory. beta-Leptinotarsin-h did not stimulate Na+ uptake, ruling out Na+ channels and many non-selective cation channels as targets. We conclude that beta-leptinotarsin-h stimulated Ca2+ uptake through presynaptic Ca2+ channels; which channel is yet to be determined. beta-Leptinotarsin-h may prove to be a useful tool with which to investigate calcium channels and calcium flux. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 NINDS, NIH, Sci Review Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIDDKD, Bioorgan Chem Lab, Sect Pharmacodynam, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Toxinol, Ft Detrick, MD 21701 USA. RP Crosland, RD (reprint author), NINDS, NIH, Sci Review Branch, Room 3208,6001 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM crosland@nih.gov NR 39 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD JUN 1 PY 2005 VL 45 IS 7 BP 829 EP 841 DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.12.022 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 936HQ UT WOS:000229846500003 PM 15904678 ER PT J AU Haddad, S Leitman, SF Wesley, RA Cecco, S Yau, YY Starling, J Rehak, NN Bolan, CD AF Haddad, S Leitman, SF Wesley, RA Cecco, S Yau, YY Starling, J Rehak, NN Bolan, CD TI Placebo-controlled study of intravenous magnesium supplementation during large-volume leukapheresis in healthy allogeneic donors SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID IONIZED MAGNESIUM; CALCIUM; CITRATE; PLATELETPHERESIS; DEFICIENCY; SECRETION; RAT AB Background: Marked decreases in ionized magnesium (iMg) levels occur during large-volume leukapheresis (LVL); however, the effect of intravenous (IV) magnesium supplementation in this setting has not been carefully studied. Study Design and Methods: Thirty healthy allogeneic peripheral blood progenitor cell donors receiving citrate anticoagulant with IV calcium prophylaxis were randomized to receive either IV magnesium (0.2 mg Mg per mL acid citrate dextrose-A) or placebo during LVL, with a double-blind design. Results: Thirty subjects underwent 75 LVL pro- cedures, 37 with magnesium and 38 with placebo. Group characteristics were similar for sex, weight, citrate infusion rate (1.36 mg/kg/min vs. 1.37 mg/kg/min), and volume processed (16 L vs. 17 L). Serum iMg levels remained within the reference range with magnesium supplementation, but decreased 39 +/- 11 percent below baseline (p < 10(-10)) after placebo, with greater decreases after consecutive procedures. Subjects receiving magnesium had more vigorous parathyroid hormone responses and higher glucose levels and also tended to have higher serum potassium and ionized calcium levels. Mild paresthesias, coldness, and nausea occurred in 28, 20, and 7 percent of donors, respectively, with no significant differences between groups. Severe symptoms (chest tightness) occurred in only one subject receiving placebo. Conclusion: IV magnesium supplementation exerts a significant impact on serum magnesium levels, but does not reduce the frequency or severity of the relatively mild citrate-related effects observed in LVL performed with continuous IV calcium prophylaxis. C1 NIH, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Dept Transfus Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Biostat Serv, Off Director, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Warren Grant Magnuson Clin Ctr, Dept Pharm, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Haddad, S (reprint author), US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM salim.haddad@Fda.hhs.gov NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 2005 VL 45 IS 6 BP 934 EP 944 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.04312.x PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 927TW UT WOS:000229224400016 PM 15934992 ER PT J AU Hudak, SJ Morey, AF Rozanski, TA Fox, CW AF Hudak, SJ Morey, AF Rozanski, TA Fox, CW TI Battlefield urogenital injuries: Changing patterns during the past century SO UROLOGY LA English DT Review ID WAR INJURIES; UROLOGIC INJURIES; MISSILE INJURIES; US-ARMY; EXPERIENCE; MANAGEMENT; VIETNAM; WOUNDS; CASUALTIES; TRAUMA C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, MCHE-SDU,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM allen.morey@amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD JUN PY 2005 VL 65 IS 6 BP 1041 EP 1046 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2004.11.031 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 968IZ UT WOS:000232157400001 PM 15913731 ER PT J AU Fenton, AS Morey, AF Aviles, R Garcia, CR AF Fenton, AS Morey, AF Aviles, R Garcia, CR TI Anterior urethral strictures: Etiology and characteristics SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL URETHROTOMY; FREE GRAFTS; URETHROPLASTY; RECONSTRUCTION; RESECTION; INJURIES; OUTCOMES AB Objectives. To evaluate the etiology and characteristics of symptomatic anterior urethral strictures in a large series of men presenting for urologic treatment in an effort to determine the common themes that may influence possible prevention or treatment strategies. Many questions about the origin and features of contemporary anterior urethral stricture disease remain unanswered. Methods. The records of 175 men with symptomatic anterior urethral strictures were reviewed. Data were entered both prospectively by careful patient questioning and retrospectively from detailed chart review. The stricture length, location, and cause were recorded from urologic presentation, before definitive treatment. Posterior strictures from pelvic fracture urethral disruption defects were excluded from this review. Results. A total of 194 strictures were identified in 175 men. Most strictures were idiopathic (65 of 194, 34%) or iatrogenic (63 of 194, 32%); fewer were inflammatory (38 of 194, 20%) or traumatic (28 of 194, 14%). Most involved the bulbar urethra (n = 100, 52%). Pendulous strictures (mean 6.1 cm) were longer on average than those in the fossa navicularis (mean 2.6 cm) or bulb (mean 3.1 cm). Prolonged catheterization (n = 26) and transurethral surgery (n = 25) were common causes of iatrogenic strictures. Conclusions. Our results showed that idiopathic and iatrogenic strictures are surprisingly common. External trauma was a relatively uncommon cause of anterior urethral stricture disease overall. Unnecessary urethral catheterization and repeated urethral instrumentation should be avoided to prevent stricture formation or exacerbation. More study is necessary to determine the origin of anterior urethral stricture disease. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Hosp Escuela Tegucigalpa, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,MCHE-SDU, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM allen.morey@amedd.anny.mil NR 16 TC 73 Z9 83 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD JUN PY 2005 VL 65 IS 6 BP 1055 EP 1058 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2004.12.018 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 968IZ UT WOS:000232157400003 PM 15913734 ER PT J AU Ganguly, S Scobell, A AF Ganguly, S Scobell, A TI India and the United States - Forging a security partnership? SO WORLD POLICY JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Carlisle, PA USA. Dickinson Coll, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA. RP Ganguly, S (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD POLICY INST PI NEW YORK PA NEW SCHOOL SOCIAL RESEARCH 65 FIFTH AVE, STE 413, NEW YORK, NY 10003 USA SN 0740-2775 J9 WORLD POLICY J JI World Policy J. PD SUM PY 2005 VL 22 IS 2 BP 37 EP 43 PG 7 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 946RR UT WOS:000230590400003 ER PT J AU Shoop, WL Xiong, Y Wiltsie, J Woods, A Guo, J Pivnichny, JV Felcetto, T Michael, BF Bansal, A Cummings, RT Cunningham, BR Friedlander, AM Douglas, CM Patel, SB Wisniewski, D Scapin, G Salowe, SP Zaller, DM Chapman, KT Scolnick, EM Schmatz, DM Bartizal, K MacCoss, M Hermes, JD AF Shoop, WL Xiong, Y Wiltsie, J Woods, A Guo, J Pivnichny, JV Felcetto, T Michael, BF Bansal, A Cummings, RT Cunningham, BR Friedlander, AM Douglas, CM Patel, SB Wisniewski, D Scapin, G Salowe, SP Zaller, DM Chapman, KT Scolnick, EM Schmatz, DM Bartizal, K MacCoss, M Hermes, JD TI Anthrax lethal factor inhibition SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; hydroxamate ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PATHOGENESIS; MANAGEMENT; MACROPHAGE; RABBITS; THREAT AB The primary virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis is a secreted zinc-dependent metalloprotease toxin known as lethal factor (LF) that is lethal to the host through disruption of signaling pathways, cell destruction, and circulatory shock. Inhibition of this proteolytic-based LF toxemia could be expected to provide therapeutic value in combination with an antibiotic during and immediately after an active anthrax infection. Herein is shown the crystal structure of an intimate complex between a hydroxamate, (2R)-2-[(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]-N-hydroxy-2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 4-yl)acetamide, and LF at the LF-active site. Most importantly, this molecular interaction between the hydroxamate and the LF active site resulted in (i) inhibited LF protease activity in an enzyme assay and protected macrophages against recombinant LF and protective antigen in a cell-based assay, (h) 100% protection in a lethal mouse toxemia model against recombinant LF and protective antigen, (iii) &AP; 50% survival advantage to mice given a lethal challenge of B. anthracis Sterne vegetative cells and to rabbits given a lethal challenge of B. anthracis Ames spores and doubled the mean time to death in those that died in both species, and (iv) 100% protection against B. anthracis spore challenge when used in combination therapy with ciprofloxacin in a rabbit "point of no return" model for which ciprofloxacin alone provided 50% protection. These results indicate that a small molecule, hydroxamate LF inhibitor, as revealed herein, can ameliorate the toxemia characteristic of an active B. anthracis infection and could be a vital adjunct to our ability to combat anthrax. C1 Merck Res Labs, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Shoop, WL (reprint author), Merck Res Labs, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. EM wesley_shoop@merck.com NR 19 TC 117 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 10 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 31 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 22 BP 7958 EP 7963 DI 10.1073/pnas.0502159102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 932CE UT WOS:000229531000033 PM 15911756 ER PT J AU Wolfe, ND Heneine, W Carr, JK Garcia, AD Shanmugam, V Tamoufe, U Torimiro, JN Prosser, AT LeBreton, M Mpoudi-Ngole, E McCutchan, FE Birx, DL Folks, TM Burke, DS Switzer, WM AF Wolfe, ND Heneine, W Carr, JK Garcia, AD Shanmugam, V Tamoufe, U Torimiro, JN Prosser, AT LeBreton, M Mpoudi-Ngole, E McCutchan, FE Birx, DL Folks, TM Burke, DS Switzer, WM TI Emergence of unique primate T-lymphotropic viruses among central African bushmeat hunters SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE retrovirus; zoonosis; simian; exposures; diversity ID NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SUBTYPE-B; INFECTION; TYPE-1; EVOLUTION; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION; RETROVIRUS; SEQUENCE AB The human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) types 1 and 2 originated independently and are related to distinct lineages of simian T-lymphotropic viruses (STLV-1 and STLV-2, respectively). These facts, along with the finding that HTLV-1 diversity appears to have resulted from multiple cross-species transmissions of STLV-1, suggest that contact between humans and infected nonhuman primates (NHPs) may result in HTLV emergence. We investigated the diversity of HTLV among central Africans reporting contact with NHP blood and body fluids through hunting, butchering, and keeping primate pets. We show that this population is infected with a wide variety of HTLVs, including two previously unknown retroviruses: HTLV-4 is a member of a phylogenetic lineage that is distinct from all known HTLVs and STLVs; HTLV-3 falls within the phylogenetic diversity of STLV-3, a group not previously seen in humans. We also document human infection with multiple STLV-1-like viruses. These results demonstrate greater HTLV diversity than previously recognized and suggest that NHP exposure contributes to HTLV emergence. Our discovery of unique and divergent HTLVs has implications for HTLV diagnosis, blood screening, and potential disease development in infected persons. The findings also indicate that cross-species transmission is not the rate-limiting step in pandemic retrovirus emergence and suggest that it may be possible to predict and prevent disease emergence by surveillance of populations exposed to animal reservoirs and interventions to decrease risk factors, such as primate hunting. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Army Hlth Res Ctr, Yaounde, Cameroon. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Switzer, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bis3@cdc.gov OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU FIC NIH HHS [5 K01 TW000003-05, D43 TW000010, 2D43TW000010-17AITRP, K01 TW000003]; NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI42855, P30 AI042855] NR 37 TC 222 Z9 232 U1 3 U2 21 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 31 PY 2005 VL 102 IS 22 BP 7994 EP 7999 DI 10.1073/pnas.0501734102 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 932CE UT WOS:000229531000039 PM 15911757 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Chittajallu, KM Walsh, S AF Grujicic, M Chittajallu, KM Walsh, S TI Non-isothermal preform infiltration during the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process; modeling and simulations ID PREPLACED FIBER MATS; FILLING ANALYSIS; FLOW; SIMULATION AB A control-volume finite-element model is developed to analyze the infiltration of a fiber preform with resin under non-isothermal conditions within a high-permeability resin-distribution medium based vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. Due to the exposure to high temperatures during preform infiltration, the resin first undergoes thermal-thinning which decreases its viscosity. Subsequently however, the resin begins to gel and its viscosity increases as the degree of polymerization increases. Therefore, the analysis of preform infiltration with the resin entails the simultaneous solution of a continuity equation, an energy conservation equation and an evolution equation for the degree of polymerization. The model is applied to simulate the infiltration of a rectangular carbon fiber based preform with the NBV-800 epoxy resin and to optimize the VARTM process with respect to minimizing the preform infiltration time. The results obtained suggest that by proper selection of the ramp/hold thermal history of the tool plate, one can reduce the preform infiltration time relative to the room-temperature infiltration time. This infiltration time reduction is the result of the thermal-thinning induced decrease in viscosity of the ungelled resin. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Res Lab, WMRD, AMSRL,WM,MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 241 Fluor Daniel, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mica.grujicic@ces.clemson.edu NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD MAY 30 PY 2005 VL 245 IS 1-4 BP 51 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.09.123 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 923IZ UT WOS:000228904900009 ER PT J AU Lindsey, RH Bender, RP Osheroff, N AF Lindsey, RH Bender, RP Osheroff, N TI Stimulation of topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage by benzene metabolites SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Recent Advances in Benzene Toxicity CY OCT 09-12, 2004 CL Munich, GERMANY DE benzene; 1,4-benzoquinone; leukemia; topoisomerase II alpha; DNA cleavage ID ANTICANCER DRUGS; MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; INFANT LEUKEMIA; TARGETED DRUGS; P-BENZOQUINONE; INCREASED RISK; MECHANISM; INHIBITION; EXPOSURE; POISON AB Benzene is a human carcinogen that induces hematopoietic malignancies. It is believed that benzene does not initiate leukemias directly, but rather generates DNA damage through a series of phenolic and quinone-based metabolites, especially 1,4-benzoquinone. Since the DNA damage induced by 1,4-benzoquinone is consistent with that of topoisomerase II-targeted drugs, it has been proposed that the compound initiates specific types of leukemia by acting as a topoisomerase 11 poison. This hypothesis, however, was not supported by initial in vitro studies. While 1,4-benzoquinone inhibited topoisomerase 11 catalysis, increases in enzyme-mediated DNA cleavage were not observed. Because of the potential involvement of topoisomerase 11 in benzene-induced leukemias, we re-examined the effects of benzene metabolites (including 1,4-benzoquinone, 1,4-hydroquinone, catechol, 1,2,4-benzenetriol, 2,2'-biphenol, and 4,4'-biphenol) on DNA cleavage mediated by human topoisomerase II alpha. In contrast to previous reports, we found that 1,4-benzoquinone was a strong topoisomerase 11 poison and was more potent in vitro than the anticancer drug etoposide. Other metabolites displayed considerably less activity. DNA cleavage enhancement by 1,4benzoquinone was unseen in previous studies due to the presence of reducing agents and the incubation of 1,4-benzoquinone with the enzyme prior to the addition of DNA. Unlike anticancer drugs such as etoposide that interact with topoisomerase II alpha in a noncovalent manner, the actions of 1,4-benzoquinone appear to involve a covalent attachment to the enzyme. Finally, 1,4-benzoquinone stimulated DNA cleavage by topoisomerase net in cultured human cells. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that topoisomerase II alpha plays a role in the initiation of some benzene-induced leukemias. 0 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biochem, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Hematol Oncol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Osheroff, N (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM neil.osheroff@vanderbilt.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [5 T32 CA09582]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM33944] NR 51 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 EI 1872-7786 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD MAY 30 PY 2005 VL 153 SI SI BP 197 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.03.035 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 939IH UT WOS:000230065500024 PM 15935817 ER PT J AU Petrovics, G Liu, AJ Shaheduzzaman, S Furasato, B Sun, C Chen, YM Nau, M Ravindranath, L Chen, YD Dobi, A Srikantan, V Sesterhenn, IA McLeod, DG Vahey, M Moul, JW Srivastava, S AF Petrovics, G Liu, AJ Shaheduzzaman, S Furasato, B Sun, C Chen, YM Nau, M Ravindranath, L Chen, YD Dobi, A Srikantan, V Sesterhenn, IA McLeod, DG Vahey, M Moul, JW Srivastava, S TI Frequent overexpression of ETS-related gene-1 (ERG1) in prostate cancer transcriptome SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE ERG1; ETS transcription factor family; prostate cancer; proto-oncogene; overexpression ID EXPRESSION; ONCOGENE; FAMILY AB Transcription factors encoded by the ETS family of genes are central in integrating signals that regulate cell growth and differentiation, stress responses, and tumorigenesis. This study, analysing laser microdissected paired benign and malignant prostate epithelial cells from prostate cancer (CaP) patients ( n = 114; 228 specimen) by GeneChip and quantitative real-time RT-PCR, identifies ETS-related gene ( ERG), a member of the ETS transcription factor family, as the most frequently overexpressed proto-oncogene in the transcriptome of malignant prostate epithelial cells. Combined quantitative expression analysis of ERG with two other genes commonly overexpressed in CaP, AMACR and DD3, revealed overexpression of at least one of these three genes in virtually all CaP specimen ( 54 of 55). Comprehensive evaluation of quantitative ERG1 expression with clinicopathological features also suggested that ERG1 expression level in prostate tumor cells relative to benign epithelial cells is indicator of disease-free survival after radical prostatectomy. C1 Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, US Mil Canc Inst, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Lab Funct Genom, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NHGRI, Canc Genet Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Srivastava, S (reprint author), Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM gpetrovics@cpdr.org FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK065977] NR 18 TC 212 Z9 226 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD MAY 26 PY 2005 VL 24 IS 23 BP 3847 EP 3852 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1208518 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 929KZ UT WOS:000229346300016 PM 15750627 ER PT J AU Ascherio, A Rubertone, M Spiegelman, D Levin, L Munger, K Peck, C Lennette, E AF Ascherio, A Rubertone, M Spiegelman, D Levin, L Munger, K Peck, C Lennette, E TI Notice of retraction: "Multiple sclerosis and Epstein-Barr virus" (Retraction of JAMA 2003;289 : 1533-1536) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Correction C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. USA, Med Surveillance Act, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Phys Disabil Agcy, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Virolab Inc, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Ascherio, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM alberto.ascherio@channing.harvard.edu NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 25 PY 2005 VL 293 IS 20 BP 2466 EP 2466 DI 10.1001/jama.293.20.2466-a PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 929BX UT WOS:000229318200011 PM 15914742 ER PT J AU Levin, LI Munger, KL Rubertone, MV Peck, CA Lennette, ET Spiegelman, D Ascherio, A AF Levin, LI Munger, KL Rubertone, MV Peck, CA Lennette, ET Spiegelman, D Ascherio, A TI Temporal relationship between elevation of Epstein-Barr virus antibody titers and initial onset of neurological symptoms in multiple sclerosis SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR ANTIGEN; INFECTION; DISEASE; MONONUCLEOSIS; EXPOSURE; EBNA-2; LEVEL; RISK AB Context Infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), but the temporal relationship remains unclear. Objective To determine whether antibodies to EBV are elevated before the onset of MS. Design, Setting, and Participants Nested case-control study conducted among more than 3 million US military personnel with blood samples collected between 1988 and 2000 and stored in the Department of Defense Serum Repository. Cases were identified as individuals granted temporary or permanent disability because of MS. For each case (n = 83), 2 controls matched by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and dates of blood sample collection were selected. Serial samples collected before the onset of symptoms were available for 69 matched case-control sets. Main Outcome Measures Antibodies including IgA against EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA), and IgG against VCA, nuclear antigens (EBNA complex, EBNA-1, and EBNA-2), diffuse and restricted early antigens, and cytomegalovirus. Results The average time between blood collection and MS onset was 4 years (range, <1-11 years). The strongest predictors of MS were serum levels of IgG antibodies to EBNA complex or EBNA-1. Among individuals who developed MS, serum antibody titers to EBNA complex were similar to those of controls before the age of 20 years (geometric mean titers: cases=245, controls=265), but 2- to 3-fold higher at age 25 years and older (cases=684, controls=282; P<.001). The risk of MS increased with these antibody titers; the relative risk (RR) in persons with EBNA complex titers of at least 1280 compared with those with titers less than 80 was 9.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5-35.4; P for trend <.001). In longitudinal analyses, a 4-fold increase in anti-EBNA complex or anti-EBNA-1 titers during the follow-up was associated with a 3-fold increase in MS risk (EBNA complex: RR,3.0; 95% Cl, 1.3-6.5; EBNA-1: RR, 3.0; 95% Cl, 1.2-7.3). No association was found between cytomegalovirus antibodies and MS. Conclusion These results suggest an age-dependent relationship between EBV infection and development of MS. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. USA, Army Med Surveillance Act, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. USA, Phys Disabil Agcy, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Virolab Inc, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Ascherio, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM Alberto.Ascherio@channing.harvard.edu FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS42194] NR 30 TC 220 Z9 228 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 25 PY 2005 VL 293 IS 20 BP 2496 EP 2500 DI 10.1001/jama.293.20.2496 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 929BX UT WOS:000229318200024 PM 15914750 ER PT J AU Logue, BA Kirschten, NP Petrikovics, I Moser, MA Rockwood, GA Baskin, SI AF Logue, BA Kirschten, NP Petrikovics, I Moser, MA Rockwood, GA Baskin, SI TI Determination of the cyanide metabolite 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid in urine and plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE cyanide; 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid; GC-MS; chemical warfare agent ID BLOOD CYANIDE; WHOLE-BLOOD; THIOCYANATE AB The cyanide metabolite 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid (ATCA) is a promising biomarker for cyanide exposure because of its stability and the limitations of direct determination of cyanide and more abundant cyanide metabolites. A simple, sensitive, and specific method based on derivatization and subsequent gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was developed for the identification and quantification of ATCA in synthetic urine and swine plasma. The urine and plasma samples were spiked with an internal standard (ATCA-d(2)), diluted, and acidified. The resulting solution was subjected to solid phase extraction on a mixed-mode cation exchange column. After elution and evaporation of the solvent, a silylating agent was used to derivatize the ATCA. Quantification of the derivatized ATCA was accomplished on a gas chromatograph with a mass selective detector. The current method produced a coefficient of variation of less than 6% (intra- and interassay) for two sets of quality control (QC) standards and a detection limit of 25 ng/ml. The applicability of the method was evaluated by determination of elevated levels of ATCA in human urine of smokers in relation to non-smokers for both males and females. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 S Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Auburn Univ, Clin Pharmacol Lab, Dept Anat Physiol & Pharmacol, Auburn, AL 36830 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Logue, BA (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Shepard Hall 121,Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM brian.logue@sdstate.edu NR 21 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0232 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD MAY 25 PY 2005 VL 819 IS 2 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.01.045 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 919PL UT WOS:000228629900004 PM 15833287 ER PT J AU Mehta, S Bautista, RM Adams, BD AF Mehta, S Bautista, RM Adams, BD TI Role of first-drawn indeterminate troponin I levels in the emergency department SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th Scientific Forum on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research in Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke CY MAY 14-16, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Heart Assoc, Qual Care & Outcomes Res Interdiciplinary Working Grp, Councils Cardiovasc Nursing, Councils Cardiovasc Surg & Anesthesia, Councils Clin Cardiol, Councils Epidemiol & Prevent & Stroke, Amer Coll Cardiol Fdn, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Vet Affairs C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 24 PY 2005 VL 111 IS 20 BP E340 EP E340 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 929AD UT WOS:000229313000169 ER PT J AU Li, J Choi, KK Tsui, DC AF Li, J Choi, KK Tsui, DC TI Voltage-tunable four-color quantum-well infrared photodetectors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DETECTOR; SUPERLATTICES; SPECTROSCOPY; BARRIER; GAAS AB A voltage-tunable four-color quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP) has been demonstrated. The advantages of this detector include widely separated peaks, narrow linewidths, and negligible spectral cross-talk. The four colors demonstrated are widely distributed from mid-infrared to long-infrared, and are centered at 4.5, 5.3, 8.3, and 10.4 μ m. Each spectral peak is well defined and the corresponding linewidth is 0.58, 0.71, 0.83, and 1.01 μ m, respectively (corresponding to &UDelta;λ/λ< 0.14). The detector structure consists of two stacks of superlattice materials that are separated by a middle contact layer. Each material is designed to detect two specific wavelengths, tunable by the bias polarity. Four-color detection is achieved by applying different combinations of top and bottom bias relative to the common middle contact and reading out the optical signals sequentially from these two contacts. Using an appropriate bias sequence, the detector can be made sensitive to only one color at a time and the signals from the other colors are negligible. With this detection scheme, one can select different combinations of detection wavelengths and linewidths over a wide spectral range. This design thus greatly increases the flexibility of QWIPs in multicolor imaging. © 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM jinjinli@princeton.edu RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 23 PY 2005 VL 86 IS 21 AR 211114 DI 10.1063/1.1929086 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 932HG UT WOS:000229544200014 ER PT J AU Olowolafe, JO Solomon, JS Mitchel, W Lampert, WV AF Olowolafe, JO Solomon, JS Mitchel, W Lampert, WV TI Thermal and electrical properties of Au/B4C, Ni/B4C, and Ta/Si contacts to silicon carbide SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE silicon carbide; boron carbide; gold; tantalum ID OHMIC CONTACTS; PLANAR DEVICES AB The role of silicon and boron carbide interface layers on thermal stability and electrical properties of tantalum, gold, and nickel contacts to 6H- and 4H-n-silicon carbide are presented in this report. Thin Ta/Si, Au/B4C, and Ni/B4C layers were deposited on SiC using electron-beam evaporation or sputter-deposition techniques. The structures were annealed either in ultra-high vacuum or in N-H ambient, at temperatures ranging from about 400 to 1150 degrees C. The samples were characterized using atomic force microscopy for surface topography, auger electron spectrometry for depth profiling, and glancing angle X-ray diffraction for microstructure and phase identification analyses. Transmission line model structures for current-voltage measurements and contact resistance evaluation were prepared using photolithography and lift-off techniques. Our results indicate that Ta in the Ta/SiC system decomposes SiC at about 800 degrees C, forming tantalum carbide with the accumulation of silicon at the TaC/SiC interface. In the Ta/Si/SiC system decomposition of SiC also occurs about the same temperature resulting in the structure TaC/Si/SiC. The Au/B4C/SiC system appears to be the most thermally stable with the lowest specific contact resistance of about 1 x 10(-6) Omega cm(2) for samples heat-treated above 1050 degrees C for 30 min. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL ML, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Olowolafe, JO (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM olowolaf@ee.udel.edu NR 16 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD MAY 23 PY 2005 VL 479 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.11.188 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 916FZ UT WOS:000228372100008 ER PT J AU Auethavekiat, P Roberts, JR Biega, TJ Toney, MO Christensen, RS Belnap, CM Berenberg, JL AF Auethavekiat, P Roberts, JR Biega, TJ Toney, MO Christensen, RS Belnap, CM Berenberg, JL TI Difficult diagnostic cases - Case 3. Oncogenic osteomalacia associated with hemangiopericytoma localized by octreotide scan SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Auethavekiat, P (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 3 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 15 BP 3626 EP 3628 DI 10.1200/JCO.2005.05.043 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 929NI UT WOS:000229352400046 PM 15908675 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of trimethylphosphine oxide SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; trimethylphosphine oxide ID FORCE-CONSTANTS; STRETCHING FREQUENCIES; PHOSPHINE OXIDES; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; PHOSPHORUS-COMPOUNDS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; INFRARED-SPECTRA; IR SPECTROSCOPY; COMPLEXES; MOLECULES AB The normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of trimethylphosphine oxide are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 98 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of eight types of motion (P-C stretch, P=O stretch, C-H stretch, C-P-C bend, P=O bend, H-C-H bend, CH3 wag, and CH3 twist) utilizing the C-3, symmetry of the molecule. Calculations were performed at the Hartree-Fock, DFT (B3LYP), and MP2 levels of theory using the standard 6-311G** basis. Theoretical results were successfully compared against available experimental data. Infrared intensities and Raman activities were calculated and reported. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAY 20 PY 2005 VL 723 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.08.061 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 932PQ UT WOS:000229566200001 ER PT J AU Jensen, JO AF Jensen, JO TI Vibrational frequencies and structural determination of cyanosulfur trifluoride SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrations; normal mode frequencies; infrared spectra; Raman spectra; cyanosulfur trifluoride; cyanopetafluorosulfur; sulfur cyanide trifluoride ID SULFUR CYANIDE TRIFLUORIDE; SF3CN; FLUORIDE; FS(O)CN AB The vibrational frequencies and corresponding normal mode assignments of cyanosulfur trifluoride are examined theoretically using the GAUSSIAN03 set of quantum chemistry codes. All normal modes were successfully assigned to one of five types of motion predicted by a group theoretical analysis (C &3bond; N stretch, S-F stretch, S-C stretch, S-F bend, and S-C &3bond; N bend) utilizing the C-s symmetry of the molecule. Calculated infrared intensities and Raman activities are reported. A high-energy form of SF3CN is also examined. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Jensen, JO (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT DP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jim.jensen@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAY 20 PY 2005 VL 723 IS 1-3 BP 17 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.11.050 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 932PQ UT WOS:000229566200003 ER PT J AU Ciezak, JA Trevino, SF AF Ciezak, JA Trevino, SF TI The molecular structure and inelastic neutron scattering spectra of 2,6-Diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE vibrational frequencies; inelastic neutron scattering; normal modes; ANPZ; 2,6-Diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; 1,3,5-TRIAMINO-2,4,6-TRINITROBENZENE; ENERGY; APPROXIMATION AB Using solid-state density functional theory (DFT) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS), we have studied the structural and vibrational properties of the energetic material, 2,6-Diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine (ANPZ). The molecular geometry and vibrational spectra are compared to those obtained from DMol3 calculations using the BLYP and BP functionals with the dnd numerical basis set (BLYP/dnd and BP/dnd). In most cases, good agreement was found between the calculated and experimental molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies. In particular, we find the BLYP/dnd method to be slightly superior to the BP/dnd approach for molecular vibrations. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Ciezak, JA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jciezak@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD MAY 20 PY 2005 VL 723 IS 1-3 BP 241 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2005.02.015 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 932PQ UT WOS:000229566200034 ER PT J AU Schoenfeld, P Cash, B Flood, A Dobhan, R Eastone, J Coyle, W Kikendall, JW Kim, HM Weiss, DG Emory, T Schatzkin, A Lieberman, D AF Schoenfeld, P Cash, B Flood, A Dobhan, R Eastone, J Coyle, W Kikendall, JW Kim, HM Weiss, DG Emory, T Schatzkin, A Lieberman, D CA CONCeRN Study Investigators TI Colonoscopic screening of average-risk women for colorectal neoplasia SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY; ADENOMATOUS POLYPS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CANCER; DESIGN; SIZE AB BACKGROUND: Veterans Affairs (VA) Cooperative Study 380 showed that some advanced colorectal neoplasias (i.e., adenomas at least 1 cm in diameter, villous adenomas, adenomas with high-grade dysplasia, or cancer) in men would be missed with the use of flexible sigmoidoscopy but detected by colonoscopy. In a tandem study, we examined the yield of screening colonoscopy in women. METHODS: To determine the prevalence and location of advanced neoplasia, we offered colonoscopy to consecutive asymptomatic women referred for colon-cancer screening. The diagnostic yield of flexible sigmoidoscopy was calculated by estimating the proportion of patients with advanced neoplasia whose lesions would have been identified if they had undergone flexible sigmoidoscopy alone. Lesions were considered detectable by flexible sigmoidoscopy if they were in the distal colon or if they were in the proximal colon in patients who had concurrent small adenomas in the distal colon, a finding that would have led to colonoscopy. The results were compared with the results from VA Cooperative Study 380 for age-matched men and women with negative fecal occult-blood tests and no family history of colon cancer. RESULTS: Colonoscopy was complete in 1463 women, 230 of whom (15.7 percent) had a family history of colon cancer. Colonoscopy revealed advanced neoplasia in 72 women (4.9 percent). If flexible sigmoidoscopy alone had been performed, advanced neoplasia would have been detected in 1.7 percent of these women (25 of 1463) and missed in 3.2 percent (47 of 1463). Only 35.2 percent of women with advanced neoplasia would have had their lesions identified if they had undergone flexible sigmoidoscopy alone, as compared with 66.3 percent of matched men from VA Cooperative Study 380 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Colonoscopy may be the preferred method of screening for colorectal cancer in women. C1 VAMC, Vet Affairs Ctr Excellence Hlth Serv Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, San Diego, CA USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Portsmouth, VA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Michigan, Ctr Stat Consultat & Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Perry Point, MD USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Schoenfeld, P (reprint author), VAMC, Vet Affairs Ctr Excellence Hlth Serv Res, 111-D,2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM pschoenf@umich.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [K23-DK-60040] NR 25 TC 309 Z9 321 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 19 PY 2005 VL 352 IS 20 BP 2061 EP 2068 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa042990 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 927GJ UT WOS:000229180100004 PM 15901859 ER PT J AU Baskaran, D Mays, JW Zhang, XP Bratcher, MS AF Baskaran, D Mays, JW Zhang, XP Bratcher, MS TI Carbon nanotubes with covalently linked porphyrin antennae: Photoinduced electron transfer SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERIZATION; FULLERENE C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate,AMSRL, WM,MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Baskaran, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, 552 Buehler Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM baskaran@utk.edu RI Durairaj, Baskaran/C-3692-2009; Zhang, Peter/B-7976-2011 OI Durairaj, Baskaran/0000-0002-6886-5604; Zhang, Peter/0000-0001-7574-8409 NR 13 TC 239 Z9 244 U1 4 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAY 18 PY 2005 VL 127 IS 19 BP 6916 EP 6917 DI 10.1021/ja0508222 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 925WW UT WOS:000229085200002 PM 15884911 ER PT J AU Eckart, RE Shry, EA Jones, SO Atwood, E Grabenstein, JD AF Eckart, RE Shry, EA Jones, SO Atwood, E Grabenstein, JD TI Comparison of clinical presentation of acute myocarditis following smallpox vaccination to acute coronary syndromes in patients < 40 years of age SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFARCTION AB Smallpox vaccine-associated myopericarditis may have a similar presentation to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The clinical records of 78 young patients (< 40 years of age) presenting with ACS (n = 16) or myocarditis after smallpox vaccination (n = 62) were reviewed. Comparisons were made among clinical presentation, cardiac enzymes, echocardiographic findings, and electrocardiographic changes. The presence of cardiac risk factors or focal wall motion abnormalities on echocardiography were associated with a diagnosis of ACS. There was a trend toward earlier elevation of troponin-I and creatine kinase in patients with myocarditis compared with ACS. (c) 2005 by Excerpta Medica Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Mil Vaccine Agcy, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Eckart, RE (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Cardiac Arrhythmia Serv, Div Cardiovasc, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM robert.eckart@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD MAY 15 PY 2005 VL 95 IS 10 BP 1252 EP 1255 DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.01.061 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 927TJ UT WOS:000229223100025 PM 15878006 ER PT J AU Tolcher, AW Chi, K Kuhn, J Gleave, M Patnaik, A Takimoto, C Schwartz, G Thompson, I Berg, K D'Aloisio, S Murray, N Frankel, SR Izbicka, E Rowinsky, E AF Tolcher, AW Chi, K Kuhn, J Gleave, M Patnaik, A Takimoto, C Schwartz, G Thompson, I Berg, K D'Aloisio, S Murray, N Frankel, SR Izbicka, E Rowinsky, E TI A phase II, pharmacokinetic, and biological correlative study of oblimersen sodium and docetaxel in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ANTISENSE BCL-2 OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; MITOXANTRONE PLUS PREDNISONE; P53 PROTEIN ACCUMULATION; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; ANDROGEN-INDEPENDENCE; BREAST-CANCER; TUMOR-MODEL; ADJUVANT TREATMENT; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; SCID MICE AB Purpose: To determine the antitumor activity and safety of oblimersen sodium, a phosphorothiciate antisense oligonucleotide directed to the bcl-2 mRNA, with docetaxel in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) and to determine if relevant pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables of oblimersen or clocetaxel influence response to this therapy. Experimental Design: Patients with HRPC were treated with oblimersen sodium by continuous i.v. infusion on days 1 to 8 with clocetaxel given i.v. over 1 hour on day 6 every 3 weeks. Plasma samples were analyzed to characterize the pharmacokinetic variables of both oblimersen and clocetaxel, and paired collections of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected to determine Bcl-2 protein expression pretreatment and post-treatment. Results: Twenty-eight patients received 173 courses of oblimersen (7 mg/kg/d continuous i.v. infusion on days 1-8) and clocetaxel (75 mg/m(2) i.v. on day 6). Prostate-specific antigen responses were observed in 14 of 27 (52%) patients, whereas 4 of 12 (33%) patients with bidimensionally measurable disease had objective responses. The mean oblimersen steady-state concentration (C-ss) was a significant determinant of antitumor activity; mean C-ss values were higher in responders compared with nonresponders (6.24 &PLUSMN; 1.68 versus 4.27 &PLUSMN; 1.22; P = 0.008). The median survival of all patients was 19.8 months. Bcl-2 protein expression decreased a median of 49.9% in peripheral blood mononuclear cells post-treatment, but the individual incremental change did not correlate with either oblimersen C-ss or response. Conclusions: Oblimersen combined with clocetaxel is an active combination in HRPC patients demonstrating both an encouraging response rate and an overall median survival. The absence of severe toxicities at this recommended dose, evidence of Bcl-2 protein inhibition, and encouraging antitumor activity in HPRC patients warrant further clinical evaluation of this combination, including studies to optimize oblimersen C-ss. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. British Columbia Canc Agcy, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. Genta Inc, Berkeley Hts, NJ USA. RP Tolcher, AW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, 7979 Wurzbach Rd,Suite Z414, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM atolcher@idd.org FU NCI NIH HHS [P30CA54174, UO1 CA69853] NR 33 TC 120 Z9 131 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD MAY 15 PY 2005 VL 11 IS 10 BP 3854 EP 3861 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2145 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 925XJ UT WOS:000229086600034 PM 15897586 ER PT J AU Chang, IH Tulock, JJ Liu, JW Kim, WS Cannon, DM Lu, Y Bohn, PW Sweedler, JV Cropek, DM AF Chang, IH Tulock, JJ Liu, JW Kim, WS Cannon, DM Lu, Y Bohn, PW Sweedler, JV Cropek, DM TI Miniaturized lead sensor based on lead-specific DNAzyme in a manocapillary interconnected microfluidic device SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LED ABSORBENCY DETECTION; TRANSITION-METAL IONS; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; MICROCHIP ELECTROPHORESIS; SEPARATION; BIOSENSOR; SAMPLES; DNA; CADMIUM; SYSTEMS AB A miniaturized lead sensor has been developed by combining a lead-specific DNAzyme with a microfabricated device containing a network of microfluidic channels that are fluidically coupled via a nanocapillary array interconnect. A DNAzyme construct, selective for cleavage in the presence of Pb2+ and derivatized with fluorophore (quencher) at the 5' (3') end of the substrate and enzyme strands, respectively, forms a molecular beacon that is used as the recognition element. The nanocapillary array membrane interconnect is used to manipulate fluid flows and deliver the small-volume sample to the beacon in a spatially confined detection window where the DNAzyme is interrogated using laser-induced fluorescence detection. A transformed log plot of the fluorescent signal exhibits a linear response (r(2) = 0.982) over a Pb2+ concentration range of 0.1-100 mu M, and a detection limit of 11 nM. The sensor has been applied to the determination of Pb2+ in an electroplating sludge reference material, the result agreeing with the certified value within 4.9 %. Quantitative measurement of Pb2+ in this complex sample demonstrates the selectivity of this sensor scheme and points favorably to the application of such technologies to analysis of environmental samples. The unique combination of a DNAzyme with a microfluidic-nanofluiclic hybrid device makes it possible to change the DNAzyme to select for other compounds of interest, and to incorporate multiple sensing systems within a single device for greater flexibility. This work represents the initial steps toward creation of a robust field sensor for lead in groundwater or drinking water. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Cropek, DM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM Donald.M.Cropek@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Lu, Yi/B-5461-2010; Sweedler, Jonathan/A-9405-2009; Liu, Juewen/A-2701-2014 OI Lu, Yi/0000-0003-1221-6709; Sweedler, Jonathan/0000-0003-3107-9922; NR 38 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 10 BP 3756 EP 3761 DI 10.1021/es040505f PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 927KV UT WOS:000229193700050 PM 15952382 ER PT J AU Fox, GA Medina, VF AF Fox, GA Medina, VF TI Evaluating factors affecting the permeability of emulsions used to stabilize radioactive contamination from a radiological dispersal device SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DECONTAMINATION; SURFACE; WATER; SOIL AB Present strategies for alleviating radioactive contamination from a radiological dispersal device (RDD) or dirty bomb involve either demolishing and removing radioactive surfaces or abandoning portions of the area near the release point. In both cases, it is imperative to eliminate or reduce migration of the radioisotopes until the cleanup is complete or until the radiation has decayed back to acceptable levels. This research investigated an alternative strategy of using emulsions to stabilize radioactive particulate contamination. Emergency response personnel would coat surfaces with emulsions consisting of asphalt or tall oil pitch to prevent migration of contamination. The site can then be evaluated and cleaned up as needed. In order for this approach to be effective, the treatment must eliminate migration of the radioactive agents in the terror device. Water application is an environmental condition that could promote migration into the external environment. This research investigated the potential for water, and correspondingly contaminant, migration through two emulsions consisting of Topein, a resinous byproduct during paper manufacture. Topein C is an asphaltic-based emulsion and Topein S is a tall oil pitch, nonionic emulsion. Experiments included water adsorption/mobilization studies, filtration tests, and image analysis of photomicrographs from an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and a stereomicroscope. Both emulsions were effective at reducing water migration. Conductivity estimates were on the order of 10(-8) cm s(-1) for Topein C and 10(-7) cm s(-1) for Topein S. Water mobility depended on emulsion flocculation and coalescence time. Photomicrographs indicate that Topein S consisted of greater and more interconnected porosity. Dilute foams of isolated spherical gas cells formed when emulsions were applied to basic surfaces. Gas cells rose to the surface and ruptured, leaving void spaces that penetrated throughout the emulsion. These experiments indicate that emulsions may be a viable means for containing RDD residuals; however, improvements are needed for optimal performance. C1 Univ Mississippi, Dept Civil Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Fox, GA (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Civil Engn, 208 Carrier Hall,POB 1848, University, MS 38677 USA. EM gafox@olemiss.edu NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 15 PY 2005 VL 39 IS 10 BP 3762 EP 3769 DI 10.1021/es048710i PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 927KV UT WOS:000229193700051 PM 15952383 ER PT J AU Taylor, S Alexander, CMO Delaney, J Ma, P Herzog, GF Engrand, C AF Taylor, S Alexander, CMO Delaney, J Ma, P Herzog, GF Engrand, C TI Isotopic fractionation of iron, potassium, and oxygen in stony cosmic spherules: Implications for heating histories and sources SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID DEEP-SEA SPHERULES; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; ANTARCTIC MICROMETEORITES; ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; INTERPLANETARY DUST; EVAPORATION; METEORITES; MATRIX; CONSTRAINTS AB Atmospheric heating alters the compositions and textures of micrometeorites. To understand the changes and to test a proposed relationship between a micrometeorite's petrographic texture and its degree of heating, we made elemental and multiple isotope analyses of stony cosmic spherules (sCS) collected from the South Pole Water well. Specifically, we analyzed the elemental compositions of 94 sCS and the isotopic ratios of Fe, K and O, on 43, 12 and 8 of these sCS, respectively. Our results show that sCS classified as strongly heated generally have lower concentrations of volatile and moderately volatile elements. Of the 43 spherules analyzed for Fe isotopes, only 5 have delta(57)Fe >5 parts per thousand. In contrast, enrichment of K-41 is pervasive (delta(41)K > 0 in all 12 spherules analyzed) and large (up to 183 parts per thousand). The determination of K isotope abundances in sCS may therefore be useful in deciphering thermal histories. Three of the eight sCS analyzed for O isotopes are mass fractionated with delta(18)O > 30 parts per thousand. We attribute two of these three delta(18)O enrichments to evaporative losses of oxygen in the atmosphere and the third to the presence in the parent material of an exotic phase, perhaps a sulfate or a carbonate. The K isotope and O isotope data are broadly consistent with the proposed textural classification. Because most spherules were not heated enough to fractionate Al, Mg, or Si, we compared the measured Mg/Al and Si/Al ratios directly to those of conventional meteorites and their matrices. similar to 30% of the sCS have compositions outside the range defined by the bulk and the matrix compositions of known meteorite groups but consistent with those of pyroxene- and olivine-rich materials and may be samples of chondrules. The other 70% have Mg/Al and Si/Al ratios similar to those of Cl, CM, CO, and CV chondrites. Natural variability of the Mg/Al and Si/Al ratios precludes the assignment of an individual sCS to a particular class of C-chondrite. Copyright (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. C1 CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20001 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. CSNSM, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Taylor, S (reprint author), CRREL, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Susan.Taylor@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Alexander, Conel/N-7533-2013 OI Alexander, Conel/0000-0002-8558-1427 NR 42 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAY 15 PY 2005 VL 69 IS 10 BP 2647 EP 2662 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.11.027 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 929LO UT WOS:000229347800014 ER PT J AU Ozgur, U Fu, Y Moon, YT Yun, F Morkoc, H Everitt, HO AF Ozgur, U Fu, Y Moon, YT Yun, F Morkoc, H Everitt, HO TI Increased carrier lifetimes in GaN epitaxial films grown using SiN and TiN porous network layers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PHASE-EPITAXY; TIME-RESOLVED PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; EMISSION; DECAY; MOVPE AB Improved structural quality and radiative efficiency were observed in GaN thin films grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on SiN and TiN porous network templates. The room-temperature decay times obtained from biexponential fits to time-resolved photoluminescence data are increased with the inclusion of SiN and TiN layers. The carrier lifetime of 1.86 ns measured for a TiN network sample is slightly longer than that for a 200 mu m-thick high-quality freestanding GaN. The linewidth of the asymmetric x-ray diffraction (XRD) (10 (1) over bar2) peak decreases considerably with the use of SiN and TiN layers, indicating the reduction in threading dislocation density. However, no direct correlation is yet found between the decay times and the XRD linewidths, suggesting that point defect and impurity-related nonradiative centers are the main parameters affecting the lifetime. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ozgur, U (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM uozgur@vcu.edu RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 10 AR 103704 DI 10.1063/1.1894583 PN 1 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 940TO UT WOS:000230168100066 ER PT J AU Xiao, D Kim, KW Zavada, JM AF Xiao, D Kim, KW Zavada, JM TI Electrically programmable photonic crystal slab based on the metal-insulator transition in VO2 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXIDES AB The possibility of an electrically programmable photonic crystal is investigated theoretically based on the metal-insulator transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2). Recent experiments indicate that this phase transition of the first order can be controlled via external bias and results in significant changes in the electrical and optical properties Of VO2. We propose a slab structure based on VO2 whose dielectric properties are modulated periodically in the in-plane direction by selectively inducing phase transition through a lithographically defined array of gate electrodes. A two-dimensional photonic band calculation predicts the presence of a band gap, clearly illustrating the feasibility of the proposed structure. The electrically controlled nature may enable the VO2-based structure to be programmable at a very high speed. (c) 2005 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Xiao, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@ncsu.edu NR 16 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 2005 VL 97 IS 10 AR 106102 DI 10.1063/1.1898435 PN 1 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 940TO UT WOS:000230168100185 ER PT J AU Liu, LM Dubick, MA AF Liu, LM Dubick, MA TI Hemorrhagic shock-induced vascular hyporeactivity in the rat: Relationship to gene expression of nitric oxide synthase, endothelin-1, and select cytokines in corresponding organs SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 76th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 07-12, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Heart Assoc DE hemorrhage; vascular reactivity; cytokines; nitric oxide synthase; endothelin ID OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; BURN INJURY; SEPSIS; INHIBITION; IMPROVES; NOREPINEPHRINE; DECOMPENSATION; RESUSCITATION AB Background. Our previous work observed that vascular hyporeactivity to norepinephrine (NE) developed after hemorrhage and the response was not the same in the 4 arteries examined. To evaluate possible mechanisms involved, the present study investigated the gene expression of iNOS, eNOS, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and endothelin-1 in the corresponding organs, and the roles of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET). Materials and methods. LAnesthetized rats (n = 7/time point/group) were hemorrhaged to a mean arterial pressure of 50 mmHg for 60 min. The vascular reactivity of the superior mesenteric (SMA), celiac (CA), left renal (LRA), and left femoral arteries (LFA) to NE was measured at baseline, at the end of the hypotensive period (E), and at 1, 2, and 4 h later in the three groups (hemorrhage, hemorrhage+NG-nitro-Larginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an NO synthase inhibitor, or hemorrhage+PD142893, an ET receptor antagonist). Gene expression in ileum, left kidney, liver, and skeletal muscle was determined by quantitative RT-PCR at these times. Results. Vascular reactivity of SMA, CA, LRA, and LFA to NE decreased as much as 98% over 4 h compared with baseline. This loss of responsiveness in CA and LFA was more severe than in SMA and LRA. Gene expression of iNOS, eNOS, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and endothelin-1 in the corresponding organs of select vasculatures increased markedly over baseline levels and the fold increase in mRNA levels of these enzymes and mediators in liver and skeletal muscle was higher than in ileum and left kidney. For example, at 4 h, iNOS expression was over 16-fold higher than baseline in liver and skeletal muscle, but 5- and 7-fold higher in ileum and kidney, respectively. L-NAME or PD142893 partially attenuated the decreased vascular reactivity induced by hemorrhagic shock and attenuated the changes in gene expression observed. Conclusion. These findings suggest that the differential expression of NOS, cytokines, and endothelin-1 in different organs are associated with the development of vascular hyporeactivity after hemorrhagic shock and may account, at least in part, for the vascular bed diversity observed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Mil Med Univ 3, Daping Hosp, Inst Surg Res, Chongqing, Peoples R China. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Michael.Dubick@amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 46 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD MAY 15 PY 2005 VL 125 IS 2 BP 128 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.jss.2004.12.008 PG 9 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 922AR UT WOS:000228808500002 PM 15854664 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, B Tsokos, CG Krishnan, S Robertson, J Fisher, CU Warke, RG Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Tsokos, GC AF Chowdhury, B Tsokos, CG Krishnan, S Robertson, J Fisher, CU Warke, RG Warke, VG Nambiar, MP Tsokos, GC TI Decreased stability and translation of T cell receptor zeta mRNA with an alternatively spliced 3 '-untranslated region contribute to zeta chain down-regulation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID 3' UNTRANSLATED REGION; AU-RICH ELEMENTS; TCR-ZETA; SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES; TCR/CD3 COMPLEX; EXPRESSION; BINDING; PROTEIN; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2; IDENTIFICATION AB The molecular mechanisms involved in the aberrant expression of T cell receptor (TCR) ζ chain of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are not known. Previously we demonstrated that although normal T cells express high levels of TCR ζ mRNA with wild-type (WT) 3' untranslated region (3' UTR), systemic lupus erythematosus T cells display significantly high levels of TCR ζ mRNA with the alternatively spliced (AS) 3' UTR form, which is derived by splice deletion of nucleotides 672-1233 of the TCR ζ transcript. Here we report that the stability of TCR ζ mRNA with an AS 3' UTR is low compared with TCR ζ mRNA with WT 3' UTR. AS 3' UTR, but not WT 3' UTR, conferred similar instability to the luciferase gene. Immunoblotting of cell lysates derived from transfected COS-7 cells demonstrated that TCR ζ with AS 3' UTR produced low amounts of 16-kDa protein. In vitro transcription and translation also produced low amounts of protein from TCR ζ with AS 3' UTR. Taken together our findings suggest that nucleotides 672-1233 bp of TCR ζ 3' UTR play a critical role in its stability and also have elements required for the translational regulation of TCR ζ chain expression in human T cells. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tsokos, CG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bldg 503,Rm 1A32,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI42269] NR 47 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 13 PY 2005 VL 280 IS 19 BP 18959 EP 18966 DI 10.1074/jbc.M501048200 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 923TN UT WOS:000228932300049 PM 15743765 ER PT J AU Kwee, T Mauritz, KA Beyer, FL AF Kwee, T Mauritz, KA Beyer, FL TI Poly[styrene-b-maleated (ethylene/butylene)-b-styrene] (mSEBS) block copolymers and mSEBS/inorganic FTIR nanocomposites: I. Morphology and characterization SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE block copolymer/silicate; nanocomposites; morphology ID TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER; SOLVENTS AB Self-assembled, [block copolymer]/[pure silicate and ORMOSIL] nanocomposites were created via sol-gel processes for silicate and organically-modified silicate (ORMOSIL) monomers in the presence of sulfonated maleated poly(styrene-b-ethylenelbutylene-b-styrene) (mSEBS). Microscopic and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies showed that unmodified mSEBS has hexagonal packed PS cylinder morphology, but sulfonation causes the morphologies to be frustrated. The morphology of pure silicate nanoparticle-containing nanocomposites is phase separated, although further frustrated. The morphologies of the ORMOSIL-modified materials were different, lessordered and show the influence of the nature of the organic group on self-assembly. Despite differences in morphology, degree of order, and different inter-domain spacings, all but the pure silicate-containing hybrid have the same PS domain width (25-30 nm). The dispersed nanoparticles are roughly spherical and some can grow to exceed the block copolymer domain sizes. All filled samples have inter-domain spacings, derived by SAXS analysis, that are larger than that of the corresponding unfilled sulfonated mSEBS, which reflects insertion of silicate or ORMOSIL structures. FTIR spectroscopy indicated successful Si-O-Si bond formation, which shows that the inserted particles are indeed crosslinked. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ So Mississippi, Dept Polymer Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. USA, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Branch, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mauritz, KA (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Polymer Sci, So Stn Box 10076, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM kenneth.mauritz@usm.edu NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD MAY 11 PY 2005 VL 46 IS 11 BP 3871 EP 3883 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.02.076 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 925KE UT WOS:000229051200037 ER PT J AU Bauman, RA Widholm, J Long, JB AF Bauman, RA Widholm, J Long, JB TI Secondary hypoxia exacerbates acute disruptions of energy metabolism in rats resulting from fluid percussion injury SO BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE head injury; hypoxia; food intake; body weight; exercise ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; CONTROLLED CORTICAL IMPACT; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; HEAD-INJURY; CELL-DEATH; BEHAVIOR; MILD; SCOPOLAMINE; HYPOXEMIA; RESPONSES AB The purpose of these experiments was to determine whether secondary hypoxia exacerbates the metabolic consequences of fluid percussion injury (FPI). In Experiment I, rats were trained to press a lever for their entire daily ration of food at any time during a 12-h light/dark cycle and run in an activity wheel. After food intake and body weight stabilized, rats were surgically prepared, assigned to one of four groups [FPI + Hypoxia (IH), FPI + Normoxia (IN), Sham Injury + Hypoxia (SH), Sham Injury + Normoxia (SN)] and, after recovery from surgery, anesthetized with halothane delivered by a 21% O-2 source. Immediately after injury or sham injury, the O-2 source was switched to 13% for rats in Groups IH and SH for 30 min. Post-traumatic hypoxemia exacerbated the ensuing FPI-induced reductions of food intake and body weight, but did not change FPI-induced reduction in wheel running. In Experiment II, rats were assigned to one of three groups (SH, IN, or IH) and subjected to sham injury and 13% 02 or FPI and either 13 or 21% O-2. Immediately after 30 min of hypoxia or normoxia, rats were confined to metabolism cages that were used to quantify rates of oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and heat production (H). Post-traumatic hypoxia exacerbated the FPI-induced increases in VO2, VCO2, and H. The results of Experiments I and II provide convergent confirmation that secondary hypoxemia exacerbates the FPI-induced hypermetabolic state in rats and therefore might significantly exacerbate the brain injury-induced disruptions of energy metabolism in humans. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Coll Charleston, Dept Psychol, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bauman, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM richard.bauman@na.amedd.army.mil NR 41 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-4328 J9 BEHAV BRAIN RES JI Behav. Brain Res. PD MAY 7 PY 2005 VL 160 IS 1 BP 25 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.bbr.2004.11.031 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 923DE UT WOS:000228888400003 PM 15836897 ER PT J AU Singh, BN Singh, SN Reda, DJ Tang, XC Lopez, B Harris, CL Fletcher, RD Sharma, SC Atwood, JE Jacobson, AK Lewis, HDJ Raisch, DW Ezekowitz, MD Singh, BN Lopez, B Singh, SN Fletcher, R Platt, M Paul, P Crawford, K Meza, D Harrington, R Reda, D Henderson, WG Tang, XC Abdellatif, M Motyka, D Mackay, B Reinhard, M Anfinsen, L Alvardado-Garcia, N Jimenez, J Semlow, DJ Sather, MR Buchanan, SL Harris, C Fye, C Gagne, W Gifford, L Guidarelli, L Lewis, HD Ezekowitz, M Falk, R Antman, E Lewis, HD Atwood, JE Jacobson, A Singh, BN Singh, SN Fletcher, R Atwood, JE Jacobson, AK Sharma, S Ezekowitz, M Lewis, HD Fye, C Reda, D Henderson, WG Podrid, PJ Torner, JC Brodsky, MA Kowey, PR Feussner, J Berkowitz, S Gough, J Cadman, C Cataldo, R Beeman, L Ahmed, R Verma, S Jordan, J Shettigar, UR Appunn, G Norvalis, R Dove, D El-Sherif, N Graham, S Mohamed, A Caref, E Hamdan, M Willis, C Mull, S Nichols, J Roesle, M Deedwania, P Barker, J Frigon, C Kanefield, R Hariman, R O'Sullivan, M Martins, JB Lee, HC Morse, J Wolfe, L Liston, M Lewis, D Martin, B Payne, W Voshall, B Keeton, S Bisett, J Cotter, B Jacobson, AK Simpson, V Russell, DC Luick, E Williams, LE Ramanathan, KB Johnson, L Qualls, Z Anand, I Berg, S Atwood, JE Danabar, B Myers, J Zipp, C Ferguson, C Shalaby, A Thompson, E Weiss, R Hickey, K Zana, K Jones, K DiTommaso, M Raitt, MH Martin, K Sharma, S Marquis, L Beliard, M Jesse, R Gilligan, D Dan, D Mohanty, P Spencer, T Mark, A Stratmann, HG Manns, H Isenberg, C Heng, MK Birner-Burley, G Rhee, J Reynolds, S Church, D Lyu, C Zoble, RG Dejesus, I Garrett, D Dellaportas, A Goldman, S Pennock, G Gregorio, B Ohm, J Bernheim, C Quattlander, C Karasik, P Vogel, KD Abbott, B Cohen, IS Ezekowitz, M Sheehan, L Pace, K Mody, FV Ziff, EL Davidson, T Orlov, M Katcher, M Stambler, BS Faber, JA Bogosh, C AF Singh, BN Singh, SN Reda, DJ Tang, XC Lopez, B Harris, CL Fletcher, RD Sharma, SC Atwood, JE Jacobson, AK Lewis, HDJ Raisch, DW Ezekowitz, MD Singh, BN Lopez, B Singh, SN Fletcher, R Platt, M Paul, P Crawford, K Meza, D Harrington, R Reda, D Henderson, WG Tang, XC Abdellatif, M Motyka, D Mackay, B Reinhard, M Anfinsen, L Alvardado-Garcia, N Jimenez, J Semlow, DJ Sather, MR Buchanan, SL Harris, C Fye, C Gagne, W Gifford, L Guidarelli, L Lewis, HD Ezekowitz, M Falk, R Antman, E Lewis, HD Atwood, JE Jacobson, A Singh, BN Singh, SN Fletcher, R Atwood, JE Jacobson, AK Sharma, S Ezekowitz, M Lewis, HD Fye, C Reda, D Henderson, WG Podrid, PJ Torner, JC Brodsky, MA Kowey, PR Feussner, J Berkowitz, S Gough, J Cadman, C Cataldo, R Beeman, L Ahmed, R Verma, S Jordan, J Shettigar, UR Appunn, G Norvalis, R Dove, D El-Sherif, N Graham, S Mohamed, A Caref, E Hamdan, M Willis, C Mull, S Nichols, J Roesle, M Deedwania, P Barker, J Frigon, C Kanefield, R Hariman, R O'Sullivan, M Martins, JB Lee, HC Morse, J Wolfe, L Liston, M Lewis, D Martin, B Payne, W Voshall, B Keeton, S Bisett, J Cotter, B Jacobson, AK Simpson, V Russell, DC Luick, E Williams, LE Ramanathan, KB Johnson, L Qualls, Z Anand, I Berg, S Atwood, JE Danabar, B Myers, J Zipp, C Ferguson, C Shalaby, A Thompson, E Weiss, R Hickey, K Zana, K Jones, K DiTommaso, M Raitt, MH Martin, K Sharma, S Marquis, L Beliard, M Jesse, R Gilligan, D Dan, D Mohanty, P Spencer, T Mark, A Stratmann, HG Manns, H Isenberg, C Heng, MK Birner-Burley, G Rhee, J Reynolds, S Church, D Lyu, C Zoble, RG Dejesus, I Garrett, D Dellaportas, A Goldman, S Pennock, G Gregorio, B Ohm, J Bernheim, C Quattlander, C Karasik, P Vogel, KD Abbott, B Cohen, IS Ezekowitz, M Sheehan, L Pace, K Mody, FV Ziff, EL Davidson, T Orlov, M Katcher, M Stambler, BS Faber, JA Bogosh, C CA SAFE-T Investigators TI Amiodarone versus sotalol for atrial fibrillation SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; LOW-DOSE AMIODARONE; SINUS RHYTHM; ELECTRICAL CARDIOVERSION; ANTIARRHYTHMIC-DRUGS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; CARDIAC MUSCLE; THERAPY AB BACKGROUND: The optimal pharmacologic means to restore and maintain sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation remains controversial. METHODs: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned 665 patients who were receiving anticoagulants and had persistent atrial fibrillation to receive amiodarone (267 patients), sotalol (261 patients), or placebo (137 patients) and monitored them for 1 to 4.5 years. The primary end point was the time to recurrence of atrial fibrillation beginning on day 28, determined by means of weekly transtelephonic monitoring. RESULTS: Spontaneous conversion occurred in 27.1 percent of the amiodarone group, 24.2 percent of the sotalol group, and 0.8 percent of the placebo group, and direct-current cardioversion failed in 27.7 percent, 26.5 percent, and 32.1 percent, respectively. The median times to a recurrence of atrial f ibrillation were 487 days in the amiodarone group, 74 days in the sotalol group, and 6 days in the placebo group according to intention to treat and 809, 209, and 13 days, respectively, according to treatment received. Amiodarone was superior to sotalol (P<0.001) and to placebo (P<0.001), and sotalol was superior to placebo (P<0.001). In patients with ischemic heart disease, the median time to a recurrence of atrial fibrillation was 569 days with amiodarone therapy and 428 days with sotalol therapy (P=0.53). Restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm significantly improved the quality of life and exercise capacity. There were no significant differences in major adverse events among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Amiodarone and sotalol are equally efficacious in converting atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. Amiodarone is superior for maintaining sinus rhythm, but both drugs have similar efficacy in patients with ischemic heart disease. Sustained sinus rhythm is associated with an improved quality of life and improved exercise performance. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Dept Vet Affairs Hosp, Hines, IL USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Providence, RI USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Philadelphia, PA USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM bsingh@ucla.edu NR 40 TC 362 Z9 389 U1 0 U2 11 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 5 PY 2005 VL 352 IS 18 BP 1861 EP 1872 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa041705 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 922SM UT WOS:000228858600006 PM 15872201 ER PT J AU Hartzell, JD Aronson, N AF Hartzell, JD Aronson, N TI Case 4-2005: Sodium stibogluconate for cutaneous leishmaniasis SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID INFECTION C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hartzell, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM joshua.hartzell@na.amedd.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 5 PY 2005 VL 352 IS 18 BP 1929 EP 1929 DI 10.1056/NEJM200505053521820 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 922SM UT WOS:000228858600028 PM 15872214 ER PT J AU Moores, LK Jackson, WL AF Moores, LK Jackson, WL TI Defining the role of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography in suspected pulmonary embolism - Reply SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS; CT VENOGRAPHY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moores, LK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 3 PY 2005 VL 142 IS 9 BP 802 EP 802 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 922GW UT WOS:000228825800020 ER PT J AU Pati, R Pineda, AC Pandey, R Karna, SP AF Pati, R Pineda, AC Pandey, R Karna, SP TI Ab initio quantum chemical study of electron transfer in carboranes SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BORON CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR RODS; DRUG DESIGN; DEPENDENCE; FIELD; SPACERS; DENSITY; BORANES; SYSTEMS; SCF AB The electron transfer (ET) properties of 10- and 12-vertex carboranes are investigated by the ab initio Hartree-Fock method within the Marcus-Hush (MH) two-state model and the Koopman theorem (KT) approach. The calculated value of the ET coupling matrix element, V-AB, is consistently higher in the KT approach than in the MH two-state model. For the carborane molecules functionalized by -CH2 groups at C-vertices, V-AB Strongly depends on the relative orientation of the planes containing the terminal -CH2 groups. The predicted conformation dependence Of V-AB offers a molecular mechanism to control ET between two active centers in molecular systems. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Univ New Mexico, Ctr High Performance Comp, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, ATTN, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. AMSRD, ARL, WM, BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Pati, R (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM patir@mtu.edu; skarna@arl.army.mil NR 33 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 2 PY 2005 VL 406 IS 4-6 BP 483 EP 488 DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.03.039 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 920FY UT WOS:000228676000038 ER PT J AU Konorov, SO Zheltikov, AM Scalora, M AF Konorov, SO Zheltikov, AM Scalora, M TI Photonic-crystal fiber as a multifunctional optical sensor and sample collector SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID MICROSTRUCTURE FIBER; PICOSECOND PULSES; DEVICES AB Two protocols of optical sensing realized with the same photonic-crystal fiber are compared. In the first protocol,diode-laser radiation is delivered to a sample through the central core of a dual-cladding photonic-crystal fiber with a diameter of a few micrometers,while the large-diameter fiber cladding serves to collect the fluorescent response from the sample and to guide it to a detector in the backward direction. In the second scheme, liquid sample is collected by a microcapillary array in the fiber cladding and is interrogated by laser radiation guided in the fiber modes. For sample fluids with refractive indices exceeding the refractive index of the fiber material, fluid channels in photonic-crystal fibers can guide laser light by total internal reflection, providing an 80% overlap of interrogating radiation with sample fluid. (C) 2005 Optical Society of America. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. USA, Weap Sci Directorate, Aviat & Missile Command, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. RP Konorov, SO (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Dept Phys, Moscow 119899, Russia. EM zheltikov@phys.msu.ru NR 17 TC 90 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 25 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAY 2 PY 2005 VL 13 IS 9 BP 3454 EP 3459 DI 10.1364/OPEX.13.003454 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 923FW UT WOS:000228896200030 PM 19495248 ER PT J AU Reed, DS Lind, CM Lackemeyer, MG Sullivan, LJ Pratt, WD Parker, MD AF Reed, DS Lind, CM Lackemeyer, MG Sullivan, LJ Pratt, WD Parker, MD TI Genetically engineered, live, attenuated vaccines protect nonhuman primates against aerosol challenge with a virulent IE strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV); nonhuman primates; vaccines ID ALPHAVIRUS ENCEPHALITIS; INFECTION; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; IDENTIFICATION; ANTIBODIES; MICE AB Two live, attenuated strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE), IE1150K and V3526, were administered to macaques to determine if they could elicit protection against an aerosol challenge with virulent VEE virus of the IE variety (VEEV IE). These viruses were rescued from full-length cDNA clones of 68U201 (VEEV-IE variety) and Trinidad donkey (VEEV-IA/B variety), respectively, and both have a furin cleavage site deletion mutation and a second-site resuscitating mutation. Both vaccines elicited neutralizing antibodies to viruses of the homologous variety but not to viruses of the heterologous variety. Eight weeks after vaccination, the macaques were challenged by aerosol exposure to virulent 68U201. Macaques vaccinated with V3526 were protected as well as macaques inoculated with IE1009, the wild-type infectious clone of 68U201. However, IE1150K failed to significantly protect macaques relative to controls. V3526 has now been shown to protect macaques against both IA/B [Pratt WD, Davis NL, Johnston RE, Smith JF. Genetically engineered, live attenuated vaccines for Venezuelan equine encephalitis: testing in animal models. Vaccine 2003;21(25-26):3854-62] and IE strains of VEE viruses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Diagnost Syst, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Reed, DS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM doug.reed@det.amedd.army.mil OI Reed, Douglas/0000-0003-0076-9023 NR 25 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 2 PY 2005 VL 23 IS 24 BP 3139 EP 3147 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.12.023 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 922WP UT WOS:000228870900008 PM 15837213 ER PT J AU Herold, TJS Whittaker, DS Glynn, T AF Herold, TJS Whittaker, DS Glynn, T TI Determining the accuracy of a rapid point-of-care test for determining Rh(D) phenotype SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Rh; transfusion; Rh immunoglobulin; point of care; card diagnostics AB Objectives: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of a point-of-care method for identifying Rh(D) phenotype. Methods: Rh(D) was determined using preserved whole blood via standard laboratory methods. Comparison testing was conducted using the HealthTEST Rh(D) card (Akers Laboratories, Thorofare, NJ). Results of the card test were visually interpreted and recorded. To achieve sensitivity and specificity of 99% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 98% to 100%), 380 Rh-positive and 380 Rh-negative samples were required. During card testing, convenience sampling was used. Card results were compared with official results, and statistical analysis was conducted. Results: In identifying Rh(D)-positive phenotype, the card had a sensitivity of 98.9% and a specificity of 99.7% (95% CI = 0.99 +/- 0.01). For Rh(D)-negative phenotype, the card had a sensitivity of 99.7% and a specificity of 98.9% (95% CI = 0.99 +/- 0.01). Conclusions: In identifying type D (Rh positive or Rh negative), the card achieves sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy to warrant further study. C1 Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Michigan State Univ, Ingham Reg Med Ctr, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Herold, TJS (reprint author), Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, 36000 Darnall Loop, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. EM HeroldTJ64@aol.com NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 12 IS 5 BP 474 EP 476 DI 10.1197/j.aem.2004.12.014 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 922DT UT WOS:000228817100015 PM 15860702 ER PT J AU Chandler, DW Grantham, DW Leek, MR AF Chandler, DW Grantham, DW Leek, MR TI Effects of uncertainty on auditory spatial resolution in the horizontal plane SO ACTA ACUSTICA UNITED WITH ACUSTICA LA English DT Article ID MINIMUM AUDIBLE ANGLE; INFORMATIONAL MASKING; STIMULUS UNCERTAINTY; TONAL PATTERNS; MOVEMENT ANGLE; SOUND-SOURCE; FREQUENCY; IDENTIFICATION; DISCRIMINATION; SIGNALS AB Auditory spatial resolution was measured in the horizontal plane under several conditions of stimulus uncertainty. All tests were conducted in an anechoic chamber. In experiment 1 the minimum audible angle (MAA) for a 1000-Hz tone burst was determined at three azimuths (-31 degrees, 0 degrees, and +31 degrees). In the Azimuth Certain condition all signals within a block of trials were presented from the same azimuthal region; in the Azimuth Uncertain condition the signal pair on each trial came randomly from one of the three azimuthal regions. MAAs were slightly but significantly larger in the Azimuth Uncertain condition, indicating that even with a simple stimulus, spatial resolution is better when subjects know where to listen than when they do not know. Experiment 2 measured the MAA in the presence of informational masking. A sequence of five 100-ms, 1000-Hz tone bursts was presented from five different azimuths (one for each tone), and the subject was asked to detect the azimuthal change of one of the five bursts (the target). In the Minimum Uncertainty condition subjects knew both where (which of the five azimuthal regions) and when (which tone in the sequence of five tones) the target would occur. In an intermediate, or Moderate, Uncertainty condition, subjects either knew where, but not when the target would occur, or they knew when, but not where it would occur. In the High Uncertainty condition, subjects knew neither when nor where the target would occur on each trial. Results revealed that MAAs were subject to two types of interference (informational masking): (1) There was a "recency" effect, in that targets occurring early in the sequence yielded larger MAAs than late-occurring targets; (2) For targets occurring at peripheral azimuths MAAs increased as the level of uncertainty increased. In contrast, when the target was positioned at 0 azimuth, there was little or no effect of uncertainty. The data support the hypothesis that, independent of uncertainty, listeners are most sensitive to the most recent information, and, in the face of uncertainty, listeners tend to listen, or "focus attention," straight ahead. For cases in which the target is not in front, subjects can benefit from prior knowledge to reduce the amount of informational masking. That is, subjects can effectively focus their attention on an azimuthal region to improve the MAA. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Chandler, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM d.wesley.grantham@vanderbilt.edu NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU S HIRZEL VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA POSTFACH 10 10 61, D-70 009 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 1610-1928 J9 ACTA ACUST UNITED AC JI Acta Acust. United Acust. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 91 IS 3 BP 513 EP 525 PG 13 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 928YA UT WOS:000229306600013 ER PT J AU Waldron, BL Monaco, TA Jensen, KB Harrison, RD Palazzo, AJ Kulbeth, JD AF Waldron, BL Monaco, TA Jensen, KB Harrison, RD Palazzo, AJ Kulbeth, JD TI Coexistence of native and introduced perennial grasses following simultaneous seeding SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CRESTED WHEATGRASS; RUSSIAN WILDRYE; SEMIARID RANGELANDS; WESTERN WHEATGRASS; TUSSOCK GRASSES; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; REGISTRATION; COMPETITION; SUCCESSION AB Revegetation of disturbed semiarid lands requires rapid stabilization of ecological process and soil resources. Introduced species have been widely adopted because the slow establishment of native species frequently results in poor ecosystem recovery and further site degradation. Little research has documented the managerial possibilities and species interactions associated with simultaneously establishing native and introduced grasses on semiarid lands. We conducted a 3-yr experiment at Fort Carson, CO, to evaluate if seven native perennial grasses would coexist with either Russian wildrye [Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski], crested wheatgrass (Agropyron sp.), or Siberian wheatgrass [A. fragile (Roth) Candargy] after simultaneous seeding. Five grass mixes, each comprised of the seven natives and one introduced grass, and a standard military seed mix (mostly native grasses with a small introduced species component) were evaluated by comparing percentage ground cover of individual species. Predominance of crested and Siberian wheatgrass cover resulted in significantly lower native grass and weed abundance. In contrast, Russian wildrye and military treatments had lower introduced grass cover and high weed abundance, but much higher native grass cover. However, weed cover decreased to < 5% in all treatments during the experiment. Western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Love] was responsible for > 80% of the native species cover in the military treatment for all 3 yr, whereas the Russian wildrye treatments had a more balanced mix of several native species. These results provide insights into managerial considerations for revegetation and weed control for frequently disturbed rangelands and suggest that some introduced grasses may coexist with native grasses. C1 USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, ERDC, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Ft Carson DECAM, Nat Resources Div, Ft Carson, CO 80913 USA. RP Waldron, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM blair.waldron@usu.edu NR 47 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 97 IS 3 BP 990 EP 996 DI 10.2134/agronj2004.0265 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 930AM UT WOS:000229388100044 ER PT J AU Guerrero, AF Straight, TM Eastone, J Spooner, K AF Guerrero, AF Straight, TM Eastone, J Spooner, K TI Gastric syphilis in an HIV-infected patient SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MANIFESTATIONS; NEUROSYPHILIS; THERAPY; DISEASE AB Gastric syphilis in the setting of HIV is rare in the literature with only one other case reported. Herein, we present a case of a 40-year-old HIV-infected man with gastric syphilis. Evaluation revealed a rapid plasma reagin (RPR) of 1: 2056, and cerebrospinal fluid with evidence of neurosyphilis. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed revealing nodular masses, which resolved after appropriate therapy with penicillin. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20317 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Rockville, MD USA. RP Straight, TM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20317 USA. EM timothy.straight@na.amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 5 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.1089/apc.2005.19.281 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 931RS UT WOS:000229503400001 PM 15916490 ER PT J AU Tovanabutra, S Brodine, SK Mascola, JR Sankale, JL Sanders-Buell, E Kim, B Birx, DL McCutchan, FE AF Tovanabutra, S Brodine, SK Mascola, JR Sankale, JL Sanders-Buell, E Kim, B Birx, DL McCutchan, FE TI Characterization of complete HIV type 1 genomes from non-B subtype infections in U.S. military personnel SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; DEFICIENCY SYNDROME AIDS; GENETIC SUBTYPES; UNITED-STATES; RECOMBINANT; SEROCONVERSION; BREAKPOINTS; ORIGIN; RISK AB Infections with non-B HIV-1 subtypes are rare in the United States, but comprise a significant percentage of infections among U. S. military personnel. Risk behavior while on overseas deployment correlates with non-B infection in this population. Extensive genetic characterization will be required to define HIV-1 diversity, and to effectively evaluate requirements for HIV-1 vaccines and other prevention strategies in this group. From 1997 to 2000, 520 recent seroconverters, identified through routine HIV-1 testing in the U. S. active military force, volunteered for a prospective study. V3 loop serology or partial genome sequencing identified 28 non-B subtype infections; 14 were studied by full genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Five strains were CRF01_AE. Four of these clustered with CM240 from Thailand, and one clustered with African CRF01_AE. Four strains were CRF02_AG, prevalent in West and West Central Africa. Two strains were subtype C. One strain was a unique recombinant between CRF01_AE and subtype B, and another was a complex unique recombinant between subtype A and D. The final strain was a member of a complex circulating recombinant first identified in Senegal, CRF09_cpx, incorporating subtypes A, F, G, and an unclassified genome. This diversity of non-B subtype HIV-1 strains, encompassing three globally prevalent non-B strains and including rare or even possibly unique strains, illustrates the breadth of U. S. military exposure while deployed and sets the bar higher for breadth of cross-subtype protection to be afforded by an HIV-1 vaccine. C1 San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard AIDS Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP McCutchan, FE (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Global Mol Epidemiol Program, 16000 Ease Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM fmccutchan@hivresearch.org NR 26 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 21 IS 5 BP 424 EP 429 DI 10.1089/aid.2005.21.424 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 936AV UT WOS:000229825700013 PM 15929707 ER PT J AU Wolfe, N Heneine, W Carr, JK Garcia, A Shanmugam, V Tamoufe, U Prosser, A Torimiro, J LeBreton, M Mpoudi-Ngole, E McCutchan, F Birx, D Folks, TM Burke, DS Switzer, W AF Wolfe, N Heneine, W Carr, JK Garcia, A Shanmugam, V Tamoufe, U Prosser, A Torimiro, J LeBreton, M Mpoudi-Ngole, E McCutchan, F Birx, D Folks, TM Burke, DS Switzer, W TI Identification of two novel human T-lymphotropic viruses among central African hunters SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 12th International Conference on Human Retrovirology - HTLV and Related Viruses CY JUN 22-25, 2005 CL Montego Bay, JAMAICA SP Int Retrovirol Assoc, Natl Inst Hlth, Univ W Indies, Natl Inst Allergy & Infect Dis, Natl Canc Inst, Natl Inst Neurol Dis & Stroke, BD Biosci, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Ohio State Univ, Ctr Retrovirus Res, Dept Vet Biosci, Genome Sci Lab Ltd, Horai Chem Co Ltd, Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Sci Supplies & Technol, Jamaica Med Fdn, J Wray & Nephew Ltd, Red Stripe, UCSF AIDS & Canc Specimen Resource C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Army Hlth Res Ctr, Yaounde, Cameroon. CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 21 IS 5 MA O6 BP 442 EP 442 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 936AV UT WOS:000229825700020 ER PT J AU Wolfe, ND Heneine, W Tiffany, A Garcia, AD Wright, A Carr, JK Tamoufe, U Torimiro, JN Prosser, A LeBreton, M Mpoudi-Ngole, E McCutchan, FE Birx, DL Folks, TM Burke, DS Switzer, WM AF Wolfe, ND Heneine, W Tiffany, A Garcia, AD Wright, A Carr, JK Tamoufe, U Torimiro, JN Prosser, A LeBreton, M Mpoudi-Ngole, E McCutchan, FE Birx, DL Folks, TM Burke, DS Switzer, WM TI Identification of a novel simian foamy virus infection in a Central African originating from a mona monkey (Cercopithecus mona) SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 12th International Conference on Human Retrovirology - HTLV and Related Viruses CY JUN 22-25, 2005 CL Montego Bay, JAMAICA SP Int Retrovirol Assoc, Natl Inst Hlth, Univ W Indies, Natl Inst Allergy & Infect Dis, Natl Canc Inst, Natl Inst Neurol Dis & Stroke, BD Biosci, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Ohio State Univ, Ctr Retrovirus Res, Dept Vet Biosci, Genome Sci Lab Ltd, Horai Chem Co Ltd, Natl Inst Drug Abuse, Sci Supplies & Technol, Jamaica Med Fdn, J Wray & Nephew Ltd, Red Stripe, UCSF AIDS & Canc Specimen Resource C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Army Hlth Res Ctr, Yaounde, Cameroon. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 21 IS 5 MA P45 BP 476 EP 476 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 936AV UT WOS:000229825700126 ER PT J AU Purohit-Sheth, TS Carr, WW AF Purohit-Sheth, TS Carr, WW TI Oral allergy syndrome (Pollen-food allergy syndrome) SO ALLERGY AND ASTHMA PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOTHERAPY; MANAGEMENT AB A case of Oral Allergy syndrome or Pollen-Food Allergy Syndrome is briefly discussed. The clinical characteristics, diagnosis pathogenesis, and management of this syndrome are discussed followed by clinical pearls and pitfalls for the practicing allellgist. Symptoms generally occur with the ingestion of raw friuts/vegetables and nuts: cooked foods are not a problem. Symptoms are caused by a heat-labile protein in fruits, vegetables, and nuts that cross-reacts with proteins in aeroallergens. Cross-reactive proteins share homologous epitopes, and several groups with similar homologous proteins have been identified; many of these groups are referred to as pathogenesis-related proteins. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Purohit-Sheth, TS (reprint author), 3911 Arbor Crest Way, Rockville, MD 20853 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC PI PROVIDENCE PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 USA SN 1088-5412 J9 ALLERGY ASTHMA PROC JI Allergy Asthma Proc. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 26 IS 3 BP 229 EP 230 PG 2 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA 942EK UT WOS:000230265500013 PM 16119040 ER PT J AU Adams, BD Zeiler, K Jackson, WO Hughes, B AF Adams, BD Zeiler, K Jackson, WO Hughes, B TI Emergency medicine residents effectively direct inhospital cardiac arrest teams SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Research Forum of the American-College-of-Emergency-Medicine CY OCT 12-13, 2003 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Coll Emergency Physicians ID IN-HOSPITAL RESUSCITATION; CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; LIFE-SUPPORT; UTSTEIN-STYLE; CARE; PHYSICIAN; SURVIVAL; SKILLS; DEFIBRILLATION; GUIDELINES AB Study Objective: We compared 2 models of physician leadership for inhospital cardiac arrest teams (CATs): emergency medicine (EM) residents and staff hospitalist physicians. Methods: A before-after study was conducted on all adult inhospital CAT activations over a 2-year period. The primary outcome was return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Results: There were 749 total code blues during the 2-year study period. Ninety-one were excluded by protocol. EM residents directed 288 codes, hospitalists directed 248 codes, and other specialties directed the remaining 62. There was no statistically significant difference in percent ROSC or survival to hospital discharge. EM residents responded first for 59.2% of the codes compared with a first response rate of 28% for hospitalists (P < .05). Time to achieve ROSC was quicker in the EM resident cohort. Conclusion: Our findings validate the use of a 24-hour EM resident staffing model for CAT response to inhospital cardiac arrests. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Univ Hosp Augusta, Dept Emergency Med, Augusta, GA 30901 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Emergency Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. EM bruce.adams@amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 23 IS 3 BP 304 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2005.02.013 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 936YH UT WOS:000229891000011 PM 15915402 ER PT J AU Smith, AB Kane, AG Sholes, AH Freeman, JH AF Smith, AB Kane, AG Sholes, AH Freeman, JH TI Resolution of an aggressive ideopathic diskitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REFLEX SYMPATHETIC DYSTROPHY; INFECTIOUS DISKITIS; IMAGING FINDINGS; SCHMORLS NODES; DISCITIS; SPINE; SPONDYLITIS; HERNIATION; DIAGNOSIS; EROSIONS AB We report a case of thoracic spine diskitis of unknown cause that had aggressive and destructive features on MR images. Results of two biopsies were unremarkable. The process began after sneezing, also produced extensive paraspinous enhancement, and resolved without antibiotic therapy both clinically and radiologically after four months. A discussion of case similarities to Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) in the extremities render this possibly the first reported imaging evidence of RSD in the axial skeleton. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Kane, AG (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NEURORADIOLOGY PI OAK BROOK PA 2210 MIDWEST RD, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 USA SN 0195-6108 J9 AM J NEURORADIOL JI Am. J. Neuroradiol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1008 EP 1011 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 928XV UT WOS:000229306100008 PM 15891153 ER PT J AU Ducatman, AM Vanderploeg, JM Johnson, M Rubin, J Harber, P Sokas, R Harmon, RG Rumm, P Nilson, E Batalden, P Merchant, G Krauss, M Goldberg, RL Valdez, M Dismuke, SE Wagner, GR Leniek, K Rosenthal, J AF Ducatman, AM Vanderploeg, JM Johnson, M Rubin, J Harber, P Sokas, R Harmon, RG Rumm, P Nilson, E Batalden, P Merchant, G Krauss, M Goldberg, RL Valdez, M Dismuke, SE Wagner, GR Leniek, K Rosenthal, J TI Residency training in preventive medicine - Challenges and opportunities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL-MEDICINE; OCCUPATIONAL-MEDICINE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; CERTIFICATION; QUALITY; CARE C1 W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. Amer Board Prevent Med, Chicago, IL USA. Residency Review Comm Prevent Med, Golden, CO USA. Jefferson Cty Dept Hlth & Environm, Golden, CO USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Family Med, Div Environm & Occupat Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Chicago, IL USA. Ingenix United Hlth Care Grp, Eden Prairie, MN USA. Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Publ Hlth Readiness & Commun, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Cornell Univ, New York Presbyterian Hosp, Weill Med coll, New York, NY USA. Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Hanover, NH USA. US Dept Def, Ctr Educ & Res Patient Safety, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Environm & Occupat Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Wichita, KS 67214 USA. NIOSH, Washington, DC USA. Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Rockford, IL 61107 USA. RP Ducatman, AM (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Community Med, POB 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM aducatman@hsc.wvu.edu NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 28 IS 4 BP 403 EP 412 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2005.01.014 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 919BM UT WOS:000228593300013 PM 15831349 ER PT J AU Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR AF Pickhardt, PJ Choi, JR TI Adenomatous polyp obscured by small-caliber rectal catheter at low-dose CT colonography: A rare diagnostic pitfall SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACCURACY; ENEMA AB Obscuration of rectal lesions by the rectal catheter or its retention balloon at air-contrast barium enema represents a known diagnostic pitfall. By comparison, the preferred rectal catheter used for gaseous distention of the colon at CT colonography (CTC) is smaller in caliber and does not necessarily require a retention balloon. If a balloon is used, it is generally much smaller than those used for barium enemas. Furthermore, a significant rectal polyp is less likely to be missed at CTC, not only because a less obtrusive catheter is used, but also because both supine and prone scans are obtained and both cross-sectional and volume-rendered displays are evaluated. We report a case of a 10-mm rectal tubulovillous adenoma that was missed prospectively at CTC due to inopportune positioning of the rectal catheter. This false-negative CTC finding may have been avoided by less advanced placement of the catheter tip beyond the anal verge. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Clin Sci Ctr E3 311, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC USA. RP Pickhardt, PJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Clin Sci Ctr E3 311, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 184 IS 5 BP 1581 EP 1583 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 922YH UT WOS:000228875300037 PM 15855119 ER PT J AU Campbell, SE Reed, CM Bui-Mansfield, LT Fillman, E AF Campbell, SE Reed, CM Bui-Mansfield, LT Fillman, E TI Radiologic-Pathologic Conference of Brooke Army Medical Center - Vertebral and spinal cord sarcoidosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MANIFESTATIONS; MR C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Bui-Mansfield, LT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM liem_mansfield@gmail.com NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 184 IS 5 BP 1686 EP 1687 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 922YH UT WOS:000228875300057 PM 15855139 ER PT J AU Lentine, KL Schnitzler, MA Abbott, KC Li, L Burroughs, TE Irish, W Brennan, DC AF Lentine, KL Schnitzler, MA Abbott, KC Li, L Burroughs, TE Irish, W Brennan, DC TI De novo congestive heart failure after kidney transplantation. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 6th American Transplant Congress CY MAY 21-25, 2005 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Amer Soc Transplantat C1 St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 5 SU 11 MA 1568 BP 555 EP 555 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 927WQ UT WOS:000229231602383 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Klote, MM AF Abbott, KC Klote, MM TI Update on guidelines for prevention and management of mycobacterium tuberculosis infections after transplant SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 5 IS 5 BP 1163 EP 1163 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.00774.x PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 913EQ UT WOS:000228134800029 PM 15816902 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Bohen, EM Yuan, CM AF Abbott, KC Bohen, EM Yuan, CM TI Preservation of renal structure and function at 2 years without calcineurin inhibitor use SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 5 IS 5 BP 1168 EP 1168 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.00818.x PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 913EQ UT WOS:000228134800033 PM 15816906 ER PT J AU Villahermosa, LG Fajardo, TT Abalos, RM Balagon, MV Tan, EV Cellona, RV Palmer, JP Wittes, J Thomas, SD Kook, KA Walsh, GP Walsh, DS AF Villahermosa, LG Fajardo, TT Abalos, RM Balagon, MV Tan, EV Cellona, RV Palmer, JP Wittes, J Thomas, SD Kook, KA Walsh, GP Walsh, DS TI A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, controlled dose comparison of thalidomide for treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LEPROMATOUS LEPROSY; INTERFERON-GAMMA; NEOPTERIN; CULTURES; THERAPY; TRIAL; DRUG AB In a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy controlled study, 22 men with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) received six capsules containing either 100 mg (group A, n = 12) or 300 mg (group B, n = 10)of thalidomide daily for one week. A six-week, four capsules per day taper followed, in which group A received 50 mg/day of thalidomide in weeks 2 and 3, then dummy capsules in weeks 4 through 7, while group B had gradual decrements every two weeks. Both regimens caused comparable improvement in 19 patients at day 7 (group A [12 of 12] versus group B [7 of 10]; P = 0.08), but slower tapering in group B showed less re-emergence of ENL through week 7 (P = 0.02, versus group A). Most patients developed new lesions soon after stopping treatment. Slower tapering from a higher initial thalidomide dose may improve clinical ENL responses, but high recurrence rates after discontinuation indicates further assessment is needed to identify better tapering regimens. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Salamandra Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. Celgene Corp, Warren, NJ USA. Stat Collaborat Inc, Washington, DC USA. Leonard Wood Mem Ctr Leprosy Res, Amer Leprosy Fdn, Cebu, Philippines. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM douglas.walsh@se.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 72 IS 5 BP 518 EP 526 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 924UX UT WOS:000229007200007 PM 15891124 ER PT J AU Nelson, AL Purfield, A Mcdaniel, P Uthaimongkol, N Buathong, N Sriwichai, S Miller, RS Wongsrichanalai, C Meshnick, SR AF Nelson, AL Purfield, A Mcdaniel, P Uthaimongkol, N Buathong, N Sriwichai, S Miller, RS Wongsrichanalai, C Meshnick, SR TI pfmdr1 genotyping and in vivo mefloquine resistance on the Thai-Myanmar border SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY; GENE; POLYMORPHISMS; MUTATIONS; PFCRT; AMPLIFICATION; HALOFANTRINE; QUININE AB Molecular markers have been proposed as a method of monitoring malaria drug resistance and could potentially be used to prolong the life span of antimalarial drugs. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Plasmodium falciparum gene pfmdr1 and increased gene copy number have been associated with in vitro drug resistance but have not been well studied in vivo. In a prospective cohort study of malaria patients receiving mefloquine treatment on the Thai-Myanmar border, there was no significant association between either pfmdr1 SNPs or in vitro drug sensitivity and mefloquine resistance in vivo. Increased pfmdr1 gene copy number was significantly associated with recrudescence (relative risk 2.30, 95% Cl 1.27-4.15). pfmdr1 gene copy number may be a useful surveillance tool for mefloquine-resistant falciparum malaria in Thailand. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Nelson, AL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, McGavran Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R23 AI054590] NR 29 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 72 IS 5 BP 586 EP 592 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 924UX UT WOS:000229007200017 PM 15891133 ER PT J AU Mibei, EK Orago, ASS Stoute, JA AF Mibei, EK Orago, ASS Stoute, JA TI Immune complex levels in children with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID CEREBRAL MALARIA; REGULATORY PROTEINS; AFRICAN CHILDREN; ACTIVATION; ANEMIA; BLOOD; ERYTHROCYTES; INFECTION; ANTIGEN; BERGHEI AB Malaria infection leads to the formation of circulating immune complexes. However, it is unclear whether these complexes play a role in the pathogenesis of complicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This study aimed at determining if there are differences in the levels of immune complexes between children with severe malaria-associated anemia and cerebral malaria and between each of these two groups and their respective uncomplicated symptomatic malaria. or healthy asymptomatic controls. Children with severe malaria-associated anemia and cerebral malaria had significantly higher immune complex levels than their respective controls, but there were no significant differences in the levels between the two severe malaria groups. In addition, there was an inverse relationship between the hemoglobin levels end immune complex levels in the severe anemia controls. suggesting that immune complexes may contribute to erythrocyte destruction in these children. These results suggest that immune complex levels alone cannot account for the differences in the distinct clinical presentation between severe malaria-associated anemia and cerebral malaria. C1 Kenyatta Univ, Dept Zool, Nairobi, Kenya. USA, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jose.stoute@us.army.mil FU FIC NIH HHS [1 D43 TW006239-01]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL 71502-01] NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 72 IS 5 BP 593 EP 599 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 924UX UT WOS:000229007200018 PM 15891134 ER PT J AU Chernetsova, ES Revelsky, AI Durst, D Sobolevsky, TG Revelsky, IA AF Chernetsova, ES Revelsky, AI Durst, D Sobolevsky, TG Revelsky, IA TI Improving the accuracy of carbon-to-hydrogen ratio determination for P, N, S, O, Cl, and Br-containing organic compounds using atomic emission detection SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th European Conference on Analytical Chemistry CY SEP 05-10, 2004 CL Salamanca, SPAIN DE GC-AED; carbon-to-hydrogen ratio determination; trialkylphosphates; herbicides; chlorinated compounds; brominated compounds; sulfur-containing compounds ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPECTROMETRY AB The objective of this work was to investigate the dependence of atomic emission detector C and H response on microwave-induced plasma conditions and to improve the accuracy of carbon-to-hydrogen ratio determination for trialkylphosphates, herbicides, chlorophenols, and sulfur-containing organic compounds. Compounds which differed structurally from the analytes were used as reference compounds. It was found that when the oxygen concentration in the helium was the maximum for the instrument (9%) relative errors in carbon-to-hydrogen ratio determination were 3-8%, irrespective of analyte and reference compound structure, whereas when working in the mode of operation recommended by the manufacturer of the instrument (1.5% oxygen in helium) the respective errors were 10-20% or higher. This improvement in the accuracy of carbon-to-hydrogen ratio determination was accompanied by a factor of ten decrease in sensitivity. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Chem Dependency, Analyt Chem Div, Moscow 119992, Russia. US Army Edgewood Labs, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Chernetsova, ES (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Chem Dependency, Analyt Chem Div, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM chernetsova@environment.chem.msu.ru NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 382 IS 2 BP 448 EP 451 DI 10.1007/s00216-004-2923-4 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 933FN UT WOS:000229614400031 PM 15688154 ER PT J AU Song, TT Nelson, MR Chang, JH Engler, RJM Chowdhury, BA AF Song, TT Nelson, MR Chang, JH Engler, RJM Chowdhury, BA TI Adequacy of the epinephrine autoinjector needle length in delivering epinephrine to the intramuscular tissues SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANAPHYLAXIS; ADULTS; PREVALENCE; ABSORPTION; CHILDREN; OBESITY AB Background: Epinephrine injected by an autoinjector in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh is the standard of care in the emergency self-treatment of anaphylaxis. In the United States, the autoinjector EpiPen is widely used for the self-treatment of anaphylaxis. Objective: To investigate whether EpiPen autoinjector, with a needle length of 1.43 cm, is sufficient for intramuscular delivery of epinephrine in men and women. Methods: The distance from skin to muscle in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh was measured in 50 men and 50 women who had undergone computed tomography of the thighs for other medical reasons. For each individual, body mass index (BMI; a measure of weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) was also calculated, and the individuals were classified as underweight (BMI, < 18.5), normal (BMI, 18.5-24.9), overweight (BMI, 25.0-29.9), and obese (BMI, >= 30.0) using standard definition. Results: In the study participants the mean +/- SD distance from skin to muscle was 0.66 +/- 0.47 cm for men and 1.48 +/- 0.72 cm for women (P <.001). One man (obese at a BMI of 42.2) and 21 women (I I obese with a mean BMI of 35.2, 6 overweight with a mean BMI of 30.1, and 4 normal with a mean BMI of 24.5) had a greater distance from skin to muscle than the EpiPen needle length of 1.43 cm. Conclusion: The distance from skin to muscle for the anterolateral aspect of the thigh is higher in women compared with men. This difference suggests that EpiPen may not deliver epinephrine to the intramuscular tissue in many women. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Chowdhury, BA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM mail@badrul.net NR 16 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 94 IS 5 BP 539 EP 542 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 930FJ UT WOS:000229400900007 PM 15945556 ER PT J AU Meara, JG Smith, EM Harshbarger, RJ Farlo, JN Matar, MM Levy, ML AF Meara, JG Smith, EM Harshbarger, RJ Farlo, JN Matar, MM Levy, ML TI Blood-conservation techniques in craniofacial surgery SO ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article DE erythropoietin; craniofacial; craniosynostosis; blood conservation; fronto-orbital advancement; blood transfusion ID RECOMBINANT ERYTHROPOIETIN; TRANSFUSION; CHILDREN; IMMUNOMODULATION; CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS; INFANTS; ANEMIA AB Attempts at reducing exposure to allogeneic transfusions, using blood conservation techniques Such as controlled hypotension and normovolemic hemodilution, have met with mixed results and are not always practical in small infants. Recombinant human erythropoietin (RHE), a hormone that stimulates RBC production, increases the hematocrit when administered to infants. A retrospective chart review of all patients undergoing fronto-orbital advancement for craniosynostosis by the same plastic surgeon between January 2002 and December 2002 was conducted. A subgroup of patients (10/19) received R-HE as a blood-conservation strategy. Transfusion requirements were lower in the RHE group (5110) versus the control group (9/9). Total volume of blood products transfused was statistically lower in the RHE group (154 mL RHE group versus 421 mL control) (P < 0.03). RHE combined with blood-conservation techniques was associated with a decreased need for blood transfusion, thus exposing the patient to fewer risks associated with allogeneic transfusion. C1 Childrens Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Plast Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesia, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. Childrens Hosp, Hlth Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. RP Meara, JG (reprint author), Royal Childrens Hosp, Dept Plast & Maxillofacial Surg, Flemington Rd, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. EM john.meara@rch.org.au NR 19 TC 23 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-7043 J9 ANN PLAS SURG JI Ann. Plast. Surg. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 54 IS 5 BP 525 EP 529 DI 10.1097/01.sap.0000157901.57961.3b PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 922LW UT WOS:000228840400014 PM 15838215 ER PT J AU Chen, NH Wilson, DW Pasay, C Bell, D Martin, LB Kyle, D Cheng, Q AF Chen, NH Wilson, DW Pasay, C Bell, D Martin, LB Kyle, D Cheng, Q TI Origin and dissemination of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum with mutant pfcrt alleles in the Philippines SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID MALARIA; MUTATIONS; SEQUENCE; STRAIN AB The pfcrt allelic type and adjacent microsatellite marker type were determined for 82 Plasmodium falciparum isolates from the Philippines. Mutant pfcrt allelic types PI a and P2a/P2b were dominant in different locations. Microsatellite analysis revealed that P2a/P2b evolved independently in the Philippines, while P1a shared common ancestry with Papua New Guinea chloroquine-resistant parasites. C1 Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Queensland 4051, Australia. Queensland Inst Med Res, Infect Dis Unit, Malaria & Scabies Grp, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia. Res Inst Trop Med, Dept Parasitol, Manila, Philippines. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Cheng, Q (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Dept Drug Resistance & Diagnost, Weary Dunlop Dr,Gallipoli Barracks, Queensland 4051, Australia. EM qin.cheng@defence.gov.au RI Martin, Laura/N-1789-2013 OI Martin, Laura/0000-0002-4431-4381 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI047500, 2R01- AI1047500] NR 15 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 49 IS 5 BP 2102 EP 2105 DI 10.1128/AAC.49.5.2102-2105.2005 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 924MJ UT WOS:000228982600059 PM 15855538 ER PT J AU Harmon, RS AF Harmon, RS TI Preface to the Ingerson Lecture SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Harmon, RS (reprint author), USA, Res Off, POB 11221, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 20 IS 5 BP 817 EP 817 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.02.001 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 922ML UT WOS:000228841900001 ER PT J AU Greenwood, ME DuBowy, PJ AF Greenwood, ME DuBowy, PJ TI Germination characteristics of Zannichellia palustris from New South Wales, Australia SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Australia; dormancy; estuarine restoration; salinity; stratification; temperature; Zannichellia ID WESTERN-EUROPE; ECOLOGY; SEEDS; TAXA; REGENERATION; TEMPERATURE; ABUNDANCE AB We describe the germination characteristics of a population of Zanichella palustris from the Hunter region of New South Wales, Australia. Laboratory experiments indicate that germination of Z. palustris is affected by temperature, dormancy, stratification and salinity. Five trials, conducted at 30-day intervals, on stored seeds were undertaken. The pattern of germination differed between fresh seed and seed-bank seeds. Higher germination occured at 20 degrees C (18-67%) than 28 degrees C (7-60%) and seeds within the seed-bank outperformed fresh seeds (49 versus 36%), in terms of total percentage and rate of germination. Germination was lower in freshly collected seeds and increased after harvest, peaking in 1- and 2-month old seeds, before tapering off (40, 54, 58, 35, 22%, respectively). Stratification enabled a higher and more regularly paced germination to occur. However, no significant difference was discerned between seeds stratified at 5 degrees C for 30 days and non-stratified seeds. Although salinity did not appear to affect seed viability, concentrations of >= 6 ppt NaCl prevented germination. These germination patterns suggest that cool water, cold stratification and low salinity are optimal germination conditions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Newcastle, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, Res Grp Restorat Ecol, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. USA Corps Engineers, CESAJ PD ES, Jacksonville, FL 32232 USA. RP Greenwood, ME (reprint author), Univ Newcastle, Discipline Geog & Environm Sci, Sch Environm & Life Sci, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. EM mary.greenwood@studentmail.newcastle.edu.au NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 82 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2005.01.007 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 939BE UT WOS:000230046300001 ER PT J AU Elston, DM Miller, SD Young, RJ Eggers, J McGlasson, D Schmidt, WH Bush, A AF Elston, DM Miller, SD Young, RJ Eggers, J McGlasson, D Schmidt, WH Bush, A TI Comparison of colchicine, dapsone, triamcinolone, and diphenhydramine therapy for the treatment of brown recluse spider envenomation - A double-blind, controlled study in a rabbit model SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOXOSCELES-RECLUSA; DERMONECROTIC ARACHNIDISM; VENOM; ACTIVATION; LESION; BITE AB Objective: To compare the efficacy of dapsone, diphenhydramine, colchicine, and intralesional triamcinolone in the treatment of brown spider bites. We used a purified venom that reproducibly produces a large eschar. To mimic real-life circumstances, all agents were administered following a 2-hour delay after envenomation. The animals were evaluated for the presence of coagulopathy to determine if the incidence of systemic findings correlated with the type of treatment. Design and Setting: In a research laboratory, 60 New Zealand white rabbits each received an intradermal injection of 20 μ g of purified Loxosceles reclusa venom. The rabbits were divided into 5 groups of 12; a control group and 4 groups treated with a drug (either colchicine, triamcinolone, diphenhydramine, or dapsone). Measured end points included maximum eschar size as well as histologic grading of depth, inflammation, and thrombosis. Interventions: Treatment with colchicine, triamcinolone, diphenhydramine, or dapsone. Main Outcome Measures: Maximum eschar size as well as histologic grading of depth, inflammation, and thrombosis. Results: There was no significant difference with respect to eschar size (1-way analysis of variance, P = .003). There was no significant difference between any treatment with respect to presence or absence of ulcer, necrosis, large vessel vasculitis, or small vessel vasculitis. The only outcome of significance was that triamcinolone offered protection from thrombosis (X(2)Iikelihood ratio, P = .04). We also noted evidence of coagulopathy in all of the envenomated animals. The rabbits had grossly elevated activated partial thromboplastin time results, which were corrected with 1: 1 mixing with normal rabbit plasma, suggesting an acquired factor deficiency. We did not detect an individual factor deficiency or a lupus anticoagulant. Conclusions: In a rabbit model, none of the agents tested (dapsone, diphenhydramine, colchicine, and intralesional triamcinolone) had an effect on eschar size. Triamcinolone appeared to offer some protection against histologic evidence of thrombosis, but this protection did not translate into a difference in clinical outcome. All animals developed evidence of coagulopathy, regardless of treatment. The coagulopathy could be corrected by fresh rabbit plasma, suggesting an acquired factor deficiency. C1 Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17821 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 100 N Acad Ave, Danville, PA 17821 USA. EM Delston@geisinger.edu NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 141 IS 5 BP 595 EP 597 DI 10.1001/archderm.141.5.595 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 925IC UT WOS:000229045800009 PM 15897381 ER PT J AU Taylor, A Shaw, LJ Fayad, Z O'Leary, D Brown, BG Nissen, S Rader, D Raggi, P AF Taylor, A Shaw, LJ Fayad, Z O'Leary, D Brown, BG Nissen, S Rader, D Raggi, P TI Tracking atherosclerosis regression: a clinical tool in preventive cardiology SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Review DE atherosclerosis; progression; screening; prevention; risk assessment ID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; IN-VIVO; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE AB Progression of coronary artery disease was initially evaluated using quantitative coronary angiography with ensuing evidence indicating a strong relationship to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Since then, several other atherosclerosis imaging techniques have emerged as new tools in cardiovascular medicine to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive therapies through serial monitoring of changes in atherosclerosis burden. Conducting large randomized trials to test new approaches for the medical management of atherosclerosis, with the goal of showing a reduction in event rates, may often be impractical in an era of cost containment and reduced societal resources. Recent evidence has unfolded that investigates alternative ways of assessing therapeutic results such as the attainment of surrogate goals with substantial outcome relevance. Atherosclerosis imaging modalities such as coronary computed tomography, carotid ultrasound, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, and intravascular ultrasound each possess specific imaging abilities and inter-test characteristics that enable their serial use as intermediate endpoints in clinical trials and, increasingly, in individual patient management. The current review focuses on the application of these modalities as emerging tools in cardiovascular prevention. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Cardiol Sect, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. Atlanta Cardiovasc Res Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. Tufts New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Raggi, P (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Cardiol Sect, 1430 Tulane Ave,SL-48, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM praggi@tulane.edu NR 60 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAY PY 2005 VL 180 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.athersclerosis.2004.12.024 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 922CE UT WOS:000228812700001 PM 15823269 ER PT J AU Yokota, M Berglund, LG Santee, WR Buller, MJ Hoyt, RW AF Yokota, M Berglund, LG Santee, WR Buller, MJ Hoyt, RW TI Modeling physiological responses to military scenarios: Initial core temperature and downhill work SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE modeling; marksmanship training; heat stress; metabolic rate; heart rate; core temperature ID HEAT-STRESS AB Introduction: Previous field studies suggested that a thermoregulatory model developed by the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) needed an adjustment of initial core temperature (Tcr) for individual variation and a metabolic (M) correction during downhill movements. This study evaluated the updated version of the model incorporating these new features using a dataset collected during U.S. Marine Corps marksmanship training at Quantico, VA. Methods: Individual anthropometrics, physiological, and environmental time series data were obtained from five Marine men. The study focused on the marksmanship training for approximately 2 h, then 30-min marching including uphill and downhill movements in a moderately hot environment (air temperature: similar to 30 degrees C; dew point: similar to 21 degrees C). The predicted and observed heart rate (HR) and Tcr measurements were compared by root mean square deviations (RMSD). Results: Overall, the current model improved predictions of physiological measures (HR RMSD = 23 bpm, Tcr RMSD = 0.46 degrees C), particularly for marching in the heat (HR RMSD = 21 bpm, Tcr RMSD = 0.32 degrees C). The model under-predicted both HR and Tcr during marksmanship training, indicating that a greater solar effect or non-thermal factors may have required higher M rates during these periods. Conclusions: Updated features of the model significantly improved physiological predictions. However, accurate M estimates are required for slow movements of subjects under heat stress, such as movements on the firing range. Such improvement should result in more accurate simulations of physiological status and better risk assessment; thereby reducing heat injuries and improving performance of deployed military personnel. C1 Geoctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Yokota, M (reprint author), Geoctr, 190 N Main St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM miyo.yokota@na.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 76 IS 5 BP 475 EP 480 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 922XC UT WOS:000228872200009 PM 15892546 ER PT J AU Zheng, JY Constantine, CA Zhao, L Rastogi, VK Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Leblanc, RM AF Zheng, JY Constantine, CA Zhao, L Rastogi, VK Cheng, TC DeFrank, JJ Leblanc, RM TI Molecular interaction between organophosphorus acid anhydrolase and diisopropylfluorophosphate SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTRA; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; ENZYME-BASED BIOSENSOR; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; QUANTUM DOTS; HYDROLASE; MULTILAYERS; PARAOXON AB Organophosphorus acid anhydrolases (OPAA; E.C.3.1.8.2) are a class of enzymes that hydrolyze a variety of toxic acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphorus (OP) compounds, including pesticides and fluorine-containing chemical nerve agents. In this paper, subphase conditions have been optimized to obtain stable OPAA Langmuir films, and the diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by OPAA in aqueous solution and at the air-water interface was studied. OPAA-DFP interactions were investigated utilizing different spectroscopic techniques, that is, circular dichroism and fluorescence in aqueous solution and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopies at the air-water interface. The characterization of OPAA and its secondary structure in aqueous solution and as a monolayer at the air-water interface in the absence and in the presence of DFP dissolved in aqueous solution or in the aqueous subphase demonstrated significantly distinctive features. The research described herein demonstrated that OPAA can be used in an enzyme-based biosensor for DFP detection. C1 Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Geocenters Inc, Gunpowder Club, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Leblanc, RM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. EM rml@miami.edu NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 6 IS 3 BP 1555 EP 1560 DI 10.1021/bm049199o PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 926QY UT WOS:000229138900051 PM 15877378 ER PT J AU Cancio, LC Reifenberg, L Barillo, DJ Moreau, A Chavez, S Bird, P Goodwin, CW AF Cancio, LC Reifenberg, L Barillo, DJ Moreau, A Chavez, S Bird, P Goodwin, CW TI Standard variables fail to identify patients who will not respond to fluid resuscitation following thermal injury: brief report SO BURNS LA English DT Article ID INHALATION INJURY; REGRESSION-MODELS; PREDICTION MODEL; SEPTIC SHOCK; POLYMORPHISMS; ASSOCIATION; MORTALITY; SEPSIS; PROGNOSIS; SEVERITY AB Approximately 13% of thermally injured patients fail resuscitation, in that they die during the first 48 h postburn despite full resuscitative efforts. The purpose of this study was to characterize these patients, and to develop a predictor of resuscitation failure. Methods: Records of 3807 thermally injured patients admitted to this burn centre during 1980-1997 were reviewed. Patients were classified as Surviving to hospital discharge ("NONFAIL/LIVE"), as surviving resuscitation but dying later ("NONFAIL/DIE"), or as failing resuscitation ("FAIL"). Ordinal logistic regression was used to develop a predictor of membership in each of these three groups. Results: With respect to total burn size, full-thickness burn size, and inhalation injury. the three groups represented a gradation in injury severity from least severe (NONFAIL/LIVE) to most severe (FAIL). The predictive model had an overall accuracy of 91.6%: however, it correctly classified NONFAIL/LIVE patients more often (97.7% accuracy) than it did NONFAIL/DIE patients (57.5%) or FAIL patients (16.1%). Conclusion: Patients who failed resuscitation were more severely injured than those who survived resuscitation, but was not possible accurately to predict who will fail resuscitation using data available on admission. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, USA Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Florida, Jacksonville, FL USA. Univ Florida, Shands Burn Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. Alamo Community Coll Dist, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, USA Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Lee.Cancio@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0305-4179 J9 BURNS JI Burns PD MAY PY 2005 VL 31 IS 3 BP 358 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.burns.2004.11.009 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 926YE UT WOS:000229158800019 PM 15774295 ER PT J AU Scripture, CD Szeheni, J Loos, WJ Figg, WD Sparreboom, A AF Scripture, CD Szeheni, J Loos, WJ Figg, WD Sparreboom, A TI Comparative in vitro properties and clinical pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel following the administration of Taxol (R) and Paxene (R) SO CANCER BIOLOGY & THERAPY LA English DT Article DE paclitaxel; Cremophor; formulation; micelles ID CREMOPHOR EL; UNBOUND PACLITAXEL; FORMULATION VEHICLES; HUMAN PLASMA; DISPOSITION; MODULATION; INFUSIONS; HUMANS; CANCER AB Purpose: Taxol(R) contains paclitaxel formulated in Cremophor EL-P (CrEL-P) and ethanol. Paxene(R) is similar to Taxol(R), except for the use of Cremophor EL (CrEL) and the addition of citric acid. Here, we investigated the physicochemical properties and clinical pharmacokinetics of the two paclitaxel formulations. Experimental Design: The size and modality of distribution of CrEL-P and CrEL micelles was determined by dynamic-light scattering. The effect of vehicle composition on the fraction unbound paclitaxel in vitro was determined by equilibrium dialysis. Paclitaxel pharmacokinetics were studied in 61 cancer patients receiving Taxol(R) and 26 patients receiving Paxene(R). Comparative pharmacokinetics of CrEL-P and CrEL were obtained in 14 and 6 patients, respectively. Results: The size of micelles present in Taxol(R) was slightly smaller (9 to 13%) than those present in Paxene(R). Surface tension and critical micellar concentration were also similar for the two formulations, with mean values of 37.0 and 38.1 mN/m and 0.0387 and 0.0307 mg/mL, respectively. The fraction unbound paclitaxel was not significantly different for Taxol(R) and Paxene(R) (p > 0.05). Over the tested dose range, the mean clearance of paclitaxel decreased from 45.1 to 16.9 L/h for Taxol(R), and from 50.7 to 16.4 L/h for Paxene(R) (p > 0.05). Concentrations of the excipient following the administration of CrEL-P or CrEL were also similar. Conclusion: The differences in formulation between Taxol(R) and Paxene(R) do not significantly affect micelle formation and/or quantitative aspects of the vehicle-paclitaxel interaction in vitro and in vivo. C1 NCI, Clin Pharmacol Res Core, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Membrane Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Erasmus MC Daniel den Hoed Canc Ctr, Dept Med Oncol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP Figg, WD (reprint author), NCI, Clin Pharmacol Res Core, 9000 Rockville Pike,Bldg 10,Room 5A01, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM wdfigg@helix.nih.gov RI Sparreboom, Alex/B-3247-2008; Figg Sr, William/M-2411-2016 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI GEORGETOWN PA 810 SOUTH CHURCH STREET, GEORGETOWN, TX 78626 USA SN 1538-4047 J9 CANCER BIOL THER JI Cancer Biol. Ther. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 4 IS 5 BP 555 EP 560 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 015IB UT WOS:000235544000024 PM 15917657 ER PT J AU Larson, SL Bednar, AJ Ballard, JH Shettlemore, MG Gent, DB Christodoulatos, C Manis, R Morgan, JC Fields, MP AF Larson, SL Bednar, AJ Ballard, JH Shettlemore, MG Gent, DB Christodoulatos, C Manis, R Morgan, JC Fields, MP TI Characterization of a military training site containing (232)Thorium SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE (232)Thorium; progeny; radionuclide; characterization; migration AB Understanding contaminant distribution is critical to selection and implementation of effective and affordable containment and remediation efforts. This article describes the characterization of soil containing thorium at a training site on Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, NM. The site has been used by the Defense Nuclear Weapons School since the early 1960's to train personnel in emergency response to nuclear weapons accidents and for characterization and containment of radioactive contamination. The purpose of work reported herein is to describe the primary location and migration pattern of (232)Thorium ((232)TIi) and Th-232 progeny (decay products) at the site. Soil containing thorium oxide (ThO2) was applied to the site for approximately 30 years (early 1960-1990) and was used to simulate a plutonium release from a nuclear weapons accident. Data presented indicate that surface Th-232 and Th-232 progeny at approximately 5 times background levels are approaching test site boundaries. However, the data also indicate that vertical migration has not exceeded 0.9 m because of the insoluble nature of ThO2. The major mechanisms of Th-232 mobility appear to be surface migration mediated by precipitation runoff and windblown soil. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Stevens Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RP Larson, SL (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, 3909 Hall Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM steven.l.larson@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 6 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2005 VL 59 IS 7 BP 1015 EP 1022 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.024 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 930AR UT WOS:000229388600012 PM 15823335 ER PT J AU Lettieri, CJ Veerappan, GR Helman, DL Mulligan, CR Shorr, AF AF Lettieri, CJ Veerappan, GR Helman, DL Mulligan, CR Shorr, AF TI Outcomes and safety of surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease SO CHEST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Chest-Physicians CY OCT 25-30, 2003 CL ORLANDO, FL SP Amer Coll Chest Physicians DE biopsy; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; interstitial lung disease; morbidity; mortality; outcomes; safety; surgical lung biopsy ID IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; DIAGNOSIS; PNEUMONIA; MANAGEMENT AB Study objectives: To determine the safety of surgical lung biopsy (SLB) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), and specifically in those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting: Tertiary care university-affiliated military medical center. Patients: Individuals undergoing SLB for suspected ILD. Measurements and results: We examined outcomes for subjects with a clinical diagnosis of ILD who had been designated to undergo SLB. Mortality (assessed at 30 and 90 days) following SLB represented the primary end point. Morbidity resulting from complications from SLB served as a secondary end point. The cohort included 83 patients (mean [&PLUSMN; SD] age, 57.3 &PLUSMN; 14.2 years; men, 57.8%). IPF was eventually diagnosed in slightly more than half of the subjects. Overall, 30-day and 90-day mortality rates were low (4.8% and 6.0%, respectively). Subjects with IPF did well with SLB (30-day mortality rate, 7.1%) and did not face a higher risk of either death or complications relative to individuals with non-IPF forms of ILD. The only predictors of perioperative mortality were either the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) at the time of SLB or being immunosuppressed prior to undergoing SLB. Excluding persons who met either criterion yielded an overall 90-day post-SLB mortality rate of 1.5% in persons with IPF. Approximately 40% of patients in whom IPF was eventually diagnosed were initially thought to have another form of ILD. Conclusions: Persons with IPF tolerate SLB well. Requiring MV or being immunosuppressed is associated with an increased risk for death following SLB. Safety concerns should not preclude referral for SLB in patients who are clinically suspected of having IPF. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Cardiothorac Surg Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Lettieri, CJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Christopher.lettieri@na.amedd.army.mill NR 14 TC 70 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAY PY 2005 VL 127 IS 5 BP 1600 EP 1605 DI 10.1378/chest.127.5.1600 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 924OH UT WOS:000228987600025 PM 15888834 ER PT J AU Kristo, DA Lettieri, CJ Andrada, T Taylor, Y Eliasson, AH AF Kristo, DA Lettieri, CJ Andrada, T Taylor, Y Eliasson, AH TI Silent upper airway resistance syndrome - Prevalence in a mixed military population SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE esophageal manometry; excessive daytime sleepiness; hypersomnolence; increased upper airway resistance; obstructive sleep apnea; sleep-disordered breathing; upper airway resistance syndrome ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; DISTINCT SYNDROME AB Study objectives: The upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) is a recently described form of sleep-disordered breathing in which transient increases in upper airway resistance result in repetitive EEG arousals. UARS is not associated with apnea or diminished airflow, although snoring and excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) are common. This report describes a subset of patients with UARS diagnosed by polysomnography who do not manifest snoring, which we define as silent upper airway resistance syndrome (SUARS). Design: A retrospective review of all polysomnographies performed at our sleep disorders center during 2000. Setting: Sleep disorders center of a large, academic, military hospital. Patients: Our center serves military personnel, military retirees, and their dependent families. Interventions: Esophageal manometry during polysomnography was routinely performed on patients with hypersomnolence (Epworth sleepiness scale > 10) who demonstrated a total arousal index &GE; 10/h and a respiratory disturbance index of < 5/h on prior polysomnography. UARS was definitely diagnosed in patients who demonstrated repetitive increased upper airway resistance (IUAR) associated with brief EEG arousals followed by normalization of esophageal pressure (Pes). IUAR was defined by a pattern of crescendo negative inspiratory Pes of &LE; - 12 cm H2O. Results: During calendar year 2000, we performed 724 polysomnographies in 527 patients. Obstructive sleep apnea was diagnosed in 383 patients (72.6%), and 44 patients (8.4%) were found to have UARS. In four patients with UARS (0.8% of total and 9.1% of UARS), snoring was not reported by history or observed during polysomnography, and SUARS was ultimately diagnosed. Conclusions: UARS may occur in the absence of clinically significant snoring and may be an occult cause of EDS. We report a prevalence of SUARS of 9% among UARS patients and nearly 1% of all patients studied for hypersomnolence by polysomnography. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kristo, DA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM david.kristo@na.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAY PY 2005 VL 127 IS 5 BP 1654 EP 1657 DI 10.1378/chest.127.5.1654 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 924OH UT WOS:000228987600033 PM 15888842 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Jackson, WL Kelly, KM Fu, M Kollef, MH AF Shorr, AF Jackson, WL Kelly, KM Fu, M Kollef, MH TI Transfusion practice and blood stream infections in critically ill patients SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE bacteremia; blood; blood stream infection; immunosuppression; intensive care; transfusion ID CATHETER-RELATED INFECTIONS; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION; PREVENTION; IMPACT; RISK; BACTEREMIA; OUTCOMES; TRAUMA; SYSTEM AB Study objective: To examine the relationship between packed RBC (pRBC) transfusion and the development of ICU-acquired bloodstream infections (BSIs) Design: Secondary analysis of a large, prospective, observational study of transfusion practice in critically ill patients. Setting: A total of 284 adult ICUs in the United States. Patients: Critically ill adults who lacked BSIs both at ICU admission and 48 h after ICU admission. Interventions: None. Measurements and results: BSIs were prospectively tracked in this study, and diagnosis of a new BSI represented the primary end point. Transfusions administered in the ICU prior to development of a BSI were also prospectively recorded. Of 4,892 patients enrolled in this investigation, 3,502 patients lacked BSIs both at ICU admission and 48 h later. Among these individuals, 117 patients (3.3%) had an ICU-acquired BSI. In multivariate analysis adjusting for severity of illness, primary diagnosis, use of mechanical ventilation, placement of central venous catheters, and ICU length of stay, three variables were independently associated with diagnosis of a new BSI: baseline treatment with cephalosporins (odds ratio [OR], 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26 to 2.68), higher sequential organ failure assessment score measured on ICU days 3 to 4 (OR, 1. 11; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.16), and pRBC transfusion (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.43 to 3.52). The relationship between pRBC transfusion and BSI was evident with both small transfusion volumes (OR with to 1-2-U pRBC transfusion, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.23) and larger transfusion volumes (OR with > 4-U pRBC transfusion, 2.63; 95% Cl, 1.52 to 4.53). Conclusions: pRRC transfusion is associated with subsequent ICU-acquired BSI. Avoiding unnecessary transfusions may decrease the incidence of BSIs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Crit Care Med Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ortho Biotech Clin Affairs LLC, Bridgewater, NJ USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Barnes Jewish Hosp, Med Intens Care Unit, St Louis, MO USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM afshorr@dnamail.com NR 26 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAY PY 2005 VL 127 IS 5 BP 1722 EP 1728 DI 10.1378/chest.127.5.1722 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 924OH UT WOS:000228987600043 PM 15888852 ER PT J AU O'Connor, FG Johnson, JD Chapin, M Oriscello, RG Taylor, DC AF O'Connor, FG Johnson, JD Chapin, M Oriscello, RG Taylor, DC TI A pilot study of clinical agreement in cardiovascular preparticipation examinations - How good is the standard of care? SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE preparticipation examination; echocardiography; heart murmur; interobserver agreement ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; HEALTH-PROFESSIONALS; HIGH-SCHOOL; DEATH; CARDIOLOGY; STATEMENT; DISEASE; YOUNG AB Objective: To evaluate the interobserver agreement between physicians regarding a abnormal cardiovascular assessment on athletic preparticipation examinations. Design: Cross-sectional clinical survey. Setting: Outpatient Clinic, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY. Participants: We randomly selected 101 out of 539 cadet-athletes presenting for a preparticipation examination. Two primary care sports medicine fellows and a cardiologist examined the cadets. Interventions: After obtaining informed consent from all participants, all 3 physicians separately evaluated all 101 cadets. The physicians recorded their clinical findings and whether they thought further cardiovascular evaluation (echocardiography) was indicated. Main Outcome Measures: Rate of referral for further cardiovascular evaluation, clinical agreement between sports medicine fellows, and clinical agreement between sports medicine fellows and the cardiologist. Results: Each fellow referred 6 of the 101 evaluated cadets (5.9%). The cardiologist referred none. Although each fellow referred 6 cadets, only 1 cadet was referred by both. The K statistic for clinical agreement between fellows is 0.114 (95% CI, -0.182 to 0.411). There was no clinical agreement between the fellows and the cardiologist. Conclusions: This pilot study reveals a low level of agreement between physicians regarding which athletes with an abnormal examination deserved further testing. It challenges the standard of care and questions whether there is a need for improved technologies or improved training in cardiovascular clinical assessment. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Family Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Dewitt Army Commun Hosp, Dept Family Med, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. United State Mil Acad, W Point, NY USA. Trinitas Hosp, Elizabeth, NJ USA. RP O'Connor, FG (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Family Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM foconnor@USUHS.mil NR 8 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1050-642X J9 CLIN J SPORT MED JI Clin. J. Sport Med. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 15 IS 3 BP 177 EP 179 DI 10.1097/01.jsm.0000156150.09811.63f PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 943CH UT WOS:000230329000011 PM 15867562 ER PT J AU Anderson, CE Burkins, MS Walker, JD Gooch, WA AF Anderson, CE Burkins, MS Walker, JD Gooch, WA TI Time-resolved penetration of B4C tiles by the APM2 bullet SO CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ceramic modeling; dwell; boron carbide; APM2 bullet; ceramic tile; numerical simulations; constitutive modeling; time-resolved data ID ALGORITHM AB A modification of Wilkins computational ceramics model is used to simulate experiments of the impact of the APM2 bullet against boron carbide/aluminum targets. Flash radiography provides time-resolved penetration histories. The simulation results are compared to the experimental data; generally, agreement is very good, including capturing dwell and then the onset of penetration. Crater width and debris diameter are also reproduced by the simulations reasonably well. A critical discussion of deficiencies of this computational engineering model is provided. C1 SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Anderson, CE (reprint author), SW Res Inst, PO Drawer 28510, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU TECH SCIENCE PRESS PI ENCINO PA 4924 BALBOA BLVD, # 488, ENCINO, CA 91316 USA SN 1526-1492 J9 CMES-COMP MODEL ENG JI CMES-Comp. Model. Eng. Sci. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 8 IS 2 BP 91 EP 104 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 939ML UT WOS:000230077000001 ER PT J AU Duan, Y Keefe, M Bogetti, TA Cheeseman, BA AF Duan, Y Keefe, M Bogetti, TA Cheeseman, BA TI Modeling the role of friction during ballistic impact of a high-strength plain-weave fabric SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE fabric structure; ballistic impact; friction; finite element analysis ID ENERGY AB In order to examine the role of friction during ballistic impact of high-strength fabric structures, a commercially available finite element analysis code (LS-DYNA) was used to model the ballistic impact of a rigid sphere into a square patch of plain-weave fabric. Two types of boundary conditions were applied on the fabric: four edges clamped and two opposite edges clamped. Simple Coulomb friction was introduced between yarns at crossovers and between the projectile and the fabric. Modeling results show that the friction contributed to delaying fabric failure and increasing impact load. The delay of fabric failure and increase of impact load allowed the fabric to absorb more energy. Results from the modeling effort also indicate that fabric boundary condition is a factor that influenced the effect of friction. The fabric more effectively reduced the projectile residual velocity when only two edges were clamped. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Duan, Y (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM duan@ccm.udel.edu RI Duan, Yiping/A-5541-2011 NR 12 TC 82 Z9 88 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 68 IS 3 BP 331 EP 337 DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.03.026 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 915YY UT WOS:000228349000008 ER PT J AU Xu, XJ Tikuisis, P Gonzalez, R Giesbrecht, G AF Xu, XJ Tikuisis, P Gonzalez, R Giesbrecht, G TI Thermoregulatory model for prediction of long-term cold exposure SO COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mathematical model; thermoregulation; shivering; cold stress; hypothermia ID WATER IMMERSION; SURVIVAL-TIME; HUMANS; HEAT; RESPONSES; TEMPERATURE; WOMEN; MEN; INSULATION AB A multi-segmental mathematical model has been developed for predicting shivering and thermoregulatory responses during long-term cold exposure. The present model incorporates new knowledge on shivering thermogenesis, including the control and maximal limits of its intensity, inhibition due to a low core temperature, and prediction of endurance time. The model also takes into account individual characteristics of age, height, weight, % body fat, and maximum aerobic capacity. The model was validated against three different cold conditions i.e. water immersion up to 38 h and air exposure. The predictions were found to be in good agreement with the observations. © 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Def Res & Dev, Simulat & Modeling Acquisit, Rehersal & Training, Toronto, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Lab Exercise & Environm Med, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. RP Xu, XJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM xiaojiang.xu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0010-4825 J9 COMPUT BIOL MED JI Comput. Biol. Med. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 35 IS 4 BP 287 EP 298 DI 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2004.01.004 PG 12 WC Biology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 923US UT WOS:000228935400002 PM 15749090 ER PT J AU Villines, TC Hatzigeorgiou, C Feuerstein, IM O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ AF Villines, TC Hatzigeorgiou, C Feuerstein, IM O'Malley, PG Taylor, AJ TI Vitamin K-1 intake and coronary calcification SO CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE LA English DT Article DE diet; atherosclerosis; calcification; vitamin K ID MATRIX GLA PROTEIN; BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; K-DEPENDENT PROTEINS; NHANES-II SURVEY; VASCULAR CALCIFICATION; ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION; QUANTITATIVE DATA; NUTRIENT SOURCES; LUMEN STENOSIS; AMERICAN DIET AB Objectives The activity of matrix Gla-protein (MGP), a potent inhibitor of vascular calcification, is dependent on carboxylation using vitamin K as a co-factor. In animals, low intake of total vitamin K has been shown to accelerate vascular calcification via the MGP mechanism. This has led to the hypothesis that low levels of dietary vitamin K intake may be a risk factor for accelerated vascular calcification in humans due to decreased MGP activity. Additionally, some authors have suggested that current recommended daily intake values for vitamin K might be insufficient to fully inhibit vascular calcification via the MGP mechanism. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between dietary vitamin K-1 (the most prevalent dietary form of vitamin K) intake and premature coronary artery calcification (CAC) in an asymptomatic screening population. Methods We conducted a prospective study of 807 consecutive active-duty US Army personnel, 39-45 years of age, without known coronary heart disease. Vitamin K-1 intake was measured with the Block Dietary Questionnaire and CAC was identified using electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT). Results We found no significant correlation between CAC score and vitamin K-1 intake (r = 0.132, P = 0.106). Multivariate analysis with adjustment for cardiac risk factors showed no association between dietary vitamin K, intake and CAC. Conclusions Dietary vitamin K-1 (phylloquinone) intake appears to be unrelated to premature coronary calcification in a screening population. Further investigation into the relationship of vascular calcification and other forms of vitamin K-1 (menaquinones) is indicated. (c) 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Cardiol, Bldg 2,Room 4A,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0954-6928 J9 CORONARY ARTERY DIS JI Coronary Artery Dis. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 16 IS 3 BP 199 EP 203 DI 10.1097/00019501-200505000-00010 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 921HS UT WOS:000228755500010 PM 15818090 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI Untitled SO CURRENT OPINION IN UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moul, JW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0963-0643 J9 CURR OPIN UROL JI Curr. Opin. Urol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 15 IS 3 BP I EP I PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 921LD UT WOS:000228765000001 ER PT J AU Brassell, SA Rosner, IL McLeod, DG AF Brassell, SA Rosner, IL McLeod, DG TI Update on magnetic resonance imaging, ProstaScint, and novel imaging in prostate cancer SO CURRENT OPINION IN UROLOGY LA English DT Review DE endorectal coil magnetic resonance imaging; positron emission tomography; ProstaScint; prostate cancer imaging ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; (111)INDIUM-CAPROMAB PENDETIDE; CAPROMAB PENDETIDE; RADIOIMMUNOSCINTIGRAPHY; CARCINOMA; MEN; RECURRENCE; PREDICTION; RADIATION; EXTENSION AB Purpose of review Despite marked stage migration, approximately a third of patients with clinically organ-confined prostate cancer will have extracapsular extension on pathological analysis. To improve outcomes further, alternative modalities of determining extraprostatic disease must be investigated beyond the current clinical parameters of digital rectal examination, prostate-specific antigen, and Gleason score. In addition, discerning the location of tumor in patients with biochemical recurrence directly affects treatment choice. This review highlights developments in prostate cancer imaging that may improve staging and treatment planning for prostate cancer patients. Recent findings Magnetic resonance imaging is most useful in the initial evaluation of men with prostate cancer. Its high specificity for the diagnosis of extracapsular extension is tempered by its low sensitivity. Positron emission tomography is used to assess regional and distant metastasis in many malignancies. Investigation into the most appropriate radiotracer for prostate cancer is paramount in any future applicability. The unique role of ProstaScint has been in evaluating patients with biochemical failure and in trying to discern metastasis before definitive therapy. The addition of spectroscopic imaging and nanoparticle infusion may lead to further improvements. Therefore, in differentiating local versus distant recurrence, appropriate interventions with radiotherapy or hormonal manipulation may be instituted. Summary Magnetic resonance imaging, ProstaScint, and to some extent positron emission tomography are all relevant imaging modalities for the evaluation of patients with prostate cancer. Current technological advances in each arena are improving the accuracy of diagnosis. Despite their specific limitations, use in the proper clinical setting may provide essential information to improve management decisions and disease outcomes. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Brassell, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Dept Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM stephen.brassell@na.amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0963-0643 J9 CURR OPIN UROL JI Curr. Opin. Urol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 15 IS 3 BP 163 EP 166 DI 10.1097/01.mou.0000165549.94663.2d PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 921LD UT WOS:000228765000005 PM 15815192 ER PT J AU Elston, DM Kobayashi, T AF Elston, DM Kobayashi, T TI What is your diagnosis? Intramuscular hemangioma of the tongue SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID MUSCLE; TUMOR C1 Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA. Gesinger Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Danville, PA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI CHATHAM PA 26 MAIN ST, STE A, CHATHAM, NJ 07928-2402 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAY PY 2005 VL 75 IS 5 BP 268 EP + PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 928PJ UT WOS:000229283700004 PM 15984627 ER PT J AU Foutch, DA Wilcoski, J AF Foutch, DA Wilcoski, J TI A rational approach for determining response modification factors for seismic design of buildings using current code provisions SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article AB A short review of response modification factors currently found in code design provisions for seismic design of buildings is given. A proposal for a new, rational procedure for determining R factors is presented. It requires both experimental and analyses for implementation. It is based oil a probabilistic foundation developed for the SAC Phase 2 project. The target threshold is to provide a 90% confidence level for satisfying the Collapse Prevention performance objective for an earthquake with a 2,475-year return period. Adoption of this procedure would result in a uniform level of safety against collapse over all materials and building systems. The method is applied to steel moment-resisting frame buildings as an example. C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Foutch, DA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 3129 Newmark CE Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD MAY PY 2005 VL 21 IS 2 BP 339 EP 352 DI 10.1193/1.1891168 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 951VR UT WOS:000230960400004 ER PT J AU Freeman, DC Brown, ML Duda, JJ Graraham, JH Emlen, JM Krzysik, AJ Balbach, H Kovacic, DA Zak, JC AF Freeman, DC Brown, ML Duda, JJ Graraham, JH Emlen, JM Krzysik, AJ Balbach, H Kovacic, DA Zak, JC TI Leaf fluctuating asymmetry, soil disturbance and plant stress: a multiple year comparison using two herbs, Ipomoea pandurata and Cnidoscolus stimulosus SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE developmental instability; disturbance; Ipomoea; Cnidoscolus ID DEVELOPMENTAL INSTABILITY AB We studied Cnidoscolus stimulosus and Ipomoea pandurata, two common herbs of the Fall Line Sandhills to assess their potential as ecosystem level stress indicators. We focused on plants because they are among the most persistent organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. We used developmental instability as an indicator of plant population stress. Developmental instability is usually measured as deviations from symmetry, in traits that normally develop symmetrically. Thus, symmetry represents an idealized a priori phenotype. Stress presumably causes perturbations during development that may exceed the capacity of the organism to buffer or correct, resulting in developmental instability, and hence deviations from this ideal. Soil disturbance imposed by different land use patterns at Fort Benning, Georgia provided a gradient of soil disturbance. In 2000-2002 we collected plants from nine different sites representing three levels of disturbance. In addition, in 2002 we collected microhabitat data in 1 m quadrats surrounding each plant whose developmental stability we also assessed. The developmental instability of both species was influenced by land use patterns, whether or not the sites had been previously burned, and microhabitat variables. Developmental instability increased with soil disturbance, burning in the prior year, and as the percentage of bare ground increased around the target individual. To some extent, favorable microhabitat conditions reduced developmental instability in sites with medium and high soil disturbance, whereas unfavorable conditions at low soil disturbance sites increased developmental instability. As an indicator of community level stress, developement instability is best used in conjunction with other indices of environmental quality. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USGS Biol Resources Div, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. Berry Coll, Dept Biol, Mt Berry, GA 30149 USA. Prescott Coll, Inst Ecol Res, Prescott, AZ 86301 USA. USA, CERL, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Landscape Architecture, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Freeman, DC (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, 5047 Gullen Mall 1360, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM cfreeman@sun.science.wayne.edu RI Duda, Jeffrey/A-7132-2009; OI Duda, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7431-8634; Graham, John/0000-0003-1974-132X NR 19 TC 17 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 5 IS 2 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2004.05.002 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 937FW UT WOS:000229911000002 ER PT J AU McManus, JG Harrison, B AF McManus, JG Harrison, B TI Pain and sedation management in the 21(st) century emergency department SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Army Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP McManus, JG (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Army Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 23 IS 2 BP XV EP XVI DI 10.1016/j.emc.2004.12.019 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 922HM UT WOS:000228827600001 ER PT J AU Fink, WA AF Fink, WA TI The pathophysiology of acute pain SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article AB The sensation of pain is a neural-biochemical phenomenon. When acute tissue damage occurs, neurochemical reactions at the site of injury activate the free nerve endings of special nerves called nociceptors. Nociceptors initiate an afferent nerve impulse that propagates through the peripheral nerve, enters the spinal cord, and synapses with higher order neurons. The impulse then traverses specific ascending spinal tracts, landing in cerebral centers for interpretation. Modulation of the afferent information can occur in many areas, including the periphery, spinal cord, midbrain, and cerebral cortex. Interpretation of the impulse yields a response signal, again traveling through specific descending spinal tracks and out through peripheral motor nerves. This process partially accounts for the delay in feeling a sensation of pain after experiencing an acute injury. Pain sensations can be categorized in many ways, based upon their speed in traveling in the nervous system (fast and slow pain), the length of time the pain has continued (acute or chronic pain), or the anatomical etiology of the sensations (somatic or visceral pain). This article discusses the anatomy and physiology of pain sensations, concentrating on acute pain mechanisms. Limited discussion is offered regarding the modulation of pain sensations, and there is a brief overview of visceral pain. Discussion of chronic pain pathophysiology is included in the article by Hansen on chronic pain elsewhere in this issue. C1 Univ Washington, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, USA, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Fink, WA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, USA, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM Walter.fink@nw.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 23 IS 2 BP 277 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2004.12.001 PG 9 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 922HM UT WOS:000228827600002 PM 15829382 ER PT J AU McManus, JG Sallee, DR AF McManus, JG Sallee, DR TI Pain management in the prehospital environment SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TRANSMUCOSAL FENTANYL CITRATE; MEDICAL-CARE; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; NALBUPHINE ANALGESIA; MEASUREMENT TOOLS; CHILDREN; MORPHINE; RELIEF; AGE; TRAMADOL AB Pain is the leading complaint among individuals presenting to emergency departments, with up to 70% of emergency department patients having pain as part of their chief complaint [1]. Therefore, pain is also a major reason why individuals seek care from prehospital providers. In fact, McLean et al [2] found that at least 20% of prehospital patients reported moderate or severe pain. Multiple other studies [3-7] have also demonstrated that prehospital providers and emergency physicians fail to adequately recognize, assess, and treat pain. These inadequacies in prehospital pain management have resulted in recommendations to incorporate assessment scales and treatment protocols, and to undertake further pain research [6-9]. Despite these recommendations, many emergency medical services (EMS) systems still lack protocols that adequately address and treat pain in the prehospital setting. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Portland, OR 97239 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Houston, TX 77002 USA. Emergency Med Serv, Houston, TX 77002 USA. USN, Ctr Med, Emergency Med Serv, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP McManus, JG (reprint author), CDW EM,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM mcmanujo@ohsu.edu NR 87 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 23 IS 2 BP 415 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2004.12.009 PG 18 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 922HM UT WOS:000228827600010 PM 15829390 ER PT J AU Wedmore, IS Johnson, T Czarnik, J Hendrix, S AF Wedmore, IS Johnson, T Czarnik, J Hendrix, S TI Pain management in the wilderness and operational setting SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; TRANSMUCOSAL FENTANYL CITRATE; POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA; REGIONAL ANESTHESIA; TRANSNASAL BUTORPHANOL; KETAMINE ANESTHESIA; FALKLANDS CAMPAIGN; CANCER PAIN; SURGERY; PATIENT AB The wilderness and operational setting places unique constraints on one's ability to treat pain. In this article we will discuss methods for treating pain both in the wilderness and operational setting. By operational we mean the austere deployed military setting, to include both noncombat and combat operations. The authors combined experience with wartime trauma pain management consists of experience in Operation "Just Cause" (Panama Invasion), Operation "Desert Storm" (the Persian Gulf War), Operation "Uphold democracy" (Haiti liberation), Operation "Enduring Freedom" (Afghanistan conflict), and Operation "Iraqi Freedom" (OIF) (Iraq conflict). Because of the austerity of care for patients in these settings, there is limited evidence based information for "ideal" pain control. We will present what little literature is available as well as providing much information on what is done, what seems to work, and some novel ideas in the area. Much of what will be described will include actual patient care cases. It is hoped this article will provide some basic pain management principles for those who practice in the austere environment. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. WOMAC Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Wedmore, IS (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM wedmorei@msn.com NR 78 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 23 IS 2 BP 585 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2004.12.017 PG 19 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 922HM UT WOS:000228827600019 PM 15829399 ER PT J AU Ural, A Heber, G Wawrzynek, PA Ingraffea, AR Lewicki, DG Neto, JBC AF Ural, A Heber, G Wawrzynek, PA Ingraffea, AR Lewicki, DG Neto, JBC TI Three-dimensional, parallel, finite element simulation of fatigue crack growth in a spiral bevel pinion gear SO ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE finite element method; fatigue crack growth; computational fracture mechanics; gears; three-dimensional finite element contact analysis; parallel computation ID STRESS-INTENSITY FACTOR; ENERGY-RELEASE RATE; RIM THICKNESS; PROPAGATION; TOOTH; INTEGRALS; TIP AB This paper summarizes new results for predicting crack shape and fatigue life for a spiral bevel pinion gear using computational fracture mechanics. The predictions are based on linear elastic fracture mechanics theories combined with the finite element method, and incorporating plasticity-induced fatigue crack closure and moving loads. We show that we can simulate arbitrarily shaped fatigue crack growth in a spiral bevel gear more efficiently and with much higher resolution than with a previous boundary-element-based approach [Spievak LE, Wawrzynek PA, Ingraffea AR, Lewicki DG. Simulating fatigue crack growth in spiral bevel gears. Engng Fract Mech 2001;68(1):53-76] using the finite element method along with a better representation of moving loads. Another very significant improvement is the decrease in solution time of the problem by employing a parallel PC-cluster, an approach that is becoming more common in both research and practice. This reduces the computation time for a complete simulation from days to a few hours. Finally, the effect of change in the flexibility of the cracking tooth on the location and magnitude of the contact loads and also on stress intensity factors and fatigue life is investigated. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Cornell Fracture Grp, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. USA, Res Lab, NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Fed Univ Ceara, BR-60455760 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. RP Ural, A (reprint author), Cornell Fracture Grp, Rhodes Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. EM aul4@cornell.edu NR 31 TC 44 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-7944 J9 ENG FRACT MECH JI Eng. Fract. Mech. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 72 IS 8 BP 1148 EP 1170 DI 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2004.08.004 PG 23 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 904AW UT WOS:000227468400003 ER PT J AU Johnson, MC AF Johnson, MC TI Thermal and geochemical changes in soils vitrified using a plasma arc torch SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE vitrification; plasma arc; hazardous waste disposal AB Using a plasma are torch to vitrify soils contaminated with solid and hazardous wastes produces an extremely durable product greatly reduced in volume and surface area. Although vitrification is understood in principle, thermal and geochemical changes occurring in contaminated soils during vitrification are poorly characterized. In this work, these changes were studied by first constructing a theoretical model and then performing laboratory scale vitrification experiments. The theoretical model is founded on standard heat transfer equations. The model predictions were used to design the subsequent experiments. The model successfully predicted a 100 degrees C temperature plateau and the width of the vitrified zone formed using kilowatt-size torches. The model indicated that most melting occurs in the first 30 min after the torch is turned on, suggesting that powering the torch for long periods of time is inefficient. The model also showed that melting below the groundwater table is energy inefficient. Laboratory experiments were conducted by filling a 4-foot tall, 4-foot diameter cylinder with compacted soil doped with CsHCO3 and Ho2O3 and inserting a plasma torch in a centrally located borehole. Thermocouples installed at various distances from the torch revealed an extremely steep thermal gradient. Soil and glass samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The glasses produced were more homogenous than the starting soil, indicating vigorous convection within the molten zone. Water, organic compounds, and silica were strongly volatilized during vitrification; lead (Pb) had the highest volatility of all trace elements studied, and no significant cesium volatility was observed. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Army, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Johnson, MC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Army, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM marie.johnson@usma.edu NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 EI 1557-9018 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 22 IS 3 BP 294 EP 309 DI 10.1089/ees.2005.22.294 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 918HW UT WOS:000228533900002 ER PT J AU Wani, AH Felt, DR Davis, JL AF Wani, AH Felt, DR Davis, JL TI RDX biodegradation column study: Extent of RDX mineralization and influence of temperature on rate of RDX biotransformation SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE RDX; explosives; groundwater; [(14)C]RDX; temperature; in situ bioremediation; reductive biotransformation ID HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; ANAEROBIC SLUDGE; ELECTRON-DONORS; EXPLOSIVE RDX; DEGRADATION; SOIL; TRANSFORMATION; GROUNDWATER; HYDROGEN; IRON AB A series of column studies, with aquifer material from the former Nebraska Ordnance Plant (NOP), were performed to evaluate the influence of temperature on the rate of RDX biodegradation, and to assess the ultimate fate of RDX in groundwater under biologically induced reductive conditions. In treatment columns, RDX-contaminated water was amended with acetate as a readily available carbon source, and in control columns no electron donor was used. The results of the temperature study demonstrated clear indications of adverse effects of lower temperature on biological activity of RDX degraders. As the temperature decreased from 15 to 10 and eventually to 5 degrees C, the concentration of nitroso-substituted metabolites and untreated RDX increased in the effluent stream. The estimated first-order biodegradation rate coefficient (k) for RDX at 15 degrees C was 0.155 l/h (+/- 0.019, n = 3). This rate coefficient decreased by about 37% to 0.098 l/h (+/- 0.017, n = 3) at 10 degrees C, and by another 38% to 0.061 l/h (+/- 0.016, n = 3) at 5 degrees C. An activation energy of 63.54 kJ/mol RDX was estimated from these reaction rate coefficients at three different operating temperatures. Results of the radiolabel study demonstrated that the ultimate fate of RDX under in situ reductive conditions is highly dependent on redox conditions in the aquifer. In treatment columns (Delta E(h) = -550 to -700 mV), 23-46% of initial radiocarbon was mineralized to (14)CO(2) compared to < 5% in control columns, where Delta E(h) ranged between 50 to -50 mV. The dissolved fraction of the initial radiocarbon in treatment columns was estimated between 46 and 64%. No or very low levels of nitroso-substituted RDX transformation products were identified in dissolved fraction from the treatment columns. In control columns dissolved fraction accounted for about 86% of initial (14)C and was composed of mainly untreated RDX. C1 Appl Res Associates Inc, So Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wani, AH (reprint author), Appl Res Associates Inc, So Div, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Altaf.H.Wani@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 22 IS 3 BP 310 EP 323 DI 10.1089/ees.2005.22.310 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 918HW UT WOS:000228533900003 ER PT J AU Soucek, DJ Kennedy, AJ AF Soucek, DJ Kennedy, AJ TI Effects of hardness, chloride, and acclimation on the acute toxicity of sulfate to freshwater invertebrates SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE sulfate; total dissolved solids; osmoregulation; Hyalella; toxicity ID IRRIGATION DRAIN WATER; MAJOR ION TOXICITY; HYALELLA-AZTECA; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; SALINITY; EFFLUENTS; TRANSPORT; AMPHIPOD; CALCIUM; SODIUM AB The acute toxicity of sulfate to Ceriodaphnia dubia, Chironomus tentans, Hyalella azteca, and Sphaerium simile was assessed to support potential updates of Illinois (USA) sulfate criteria for the protection of aquatic life. The mean lethal concentrations to 50% of a sample population (LC50s), expressed as Mg SO42-/L, in moderately hard reconstituted water (MHRW) were as follows: 512 mg/L for H. azteca, 2,050 mg/L for C. dubia, 2,078 mg/L for S. simile, and 14,134 mg/L for C. tentans. At constant sulfate (similar to 2,800 mg/L) and hardness (106 mg/L), survival of H. azteca was positively correlated with chloride concentration. Hardness also was found to ameliorate sodium sulfate toxicity to C. dubia and H. azteca, with LC50s for C. dubia increasing from 2,050 Mg SO42-/L at hardness 90 mg/L to 3,516 mg SO42-/L at hardness 484 mg/L. Using a reformulated MHRW with a similar hardness but higher chloride concentration and different calcium to magnesium ratio than that in standard MHRW, the mean LC50 for H. azteca increased to 2,855 mg/L, and the LC50 for C. dubia increased to 2,526 mg/L. Acclimation of C. dubia to 500 and 1,000 Mg SO42-/L for several generations nominally increased mean LC50 values compared with those cultured in standard MHRW. C1 Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Ctr Econ Entomol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Analyt Serv Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Soucek, DJ (reprint author), Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Ctr Econ Entomol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM d-soucek@inhs.uiuc.edu NR 38 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 11 U2 42 PU SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1204 EP 1210 DI 10.1897/04-142.1 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 919OJ UT WOS:000228627100026 PM 16111001 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Helman, DL Davies, DB Nathan, SD AF Shorr, AF Helman, DL Davies, DB Nathan, SD TI Pulmonary hypertension in advanced sarcoidosis: epidemiology and clinical characteristics SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; oxygen; pulmonary hypertension; sarcoldosis; transplantation ID AWAITING LUNG TRANSPLANTATION; HEMODYNAMICS; DISEASE AB Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a predictor of poor outcome in sarcoldosis. Little is known about the epidemiology of PH in sarcoidosis. The current authors reviewed the records of patients with sarcoidosis listed for lung transplantation in the USA between January 1995 and December 2002. PH was defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure of > 25 mmHg and severe PH as a mean pulmonary artery pressure of >= 40 mmHg. The cohort included 363 patients of whom 73.8% had PH. Neither spirometric testing nor the need for corticosteroids was associated with PH. Subjects with PH required more supplemental oxygen (2.7 +/- 1.8 L center dot min(-1) versus 1.6 +/- 1.4 L center dot min(-1)). The cardiac index was lower in individuals with PH, whereas the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was higher. In multivariate analysis, supplemental oxygen remained an independent predictor of PH, whereas the relationship between cardiac index and PH was no longer significant. As a screening test, the need for oxygen had a sensitivity and specificity of 91.8% and 32.6%, respectively. Pulmonary hypertension is common in advanced sarcoidosis. The need for oxygen correlates with pulmonary hypertension. Since pulmonary hypertension is associated with poor outcomes and because simple clinical criteria fall to identify patients with sarcoldosis and pulmonary hypertension, more aggressive screening for this should be considered. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. United Network Organ Sharing, Richmond, VA USA. Inova Fairfax Tranplant Ctr, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), 9005 Cherbourg Dr, Potomac, MD 20854 USA. EM afshorr@dnamail.com NR 21 TC 137 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 3 PU EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD PI SHEFFIELD PA 146 WEST ST, STE 2.4, HUTTONS BLDG, SHEFFIELD S1 4ES, ENGLAND SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 25 IS 5 BP 783 EP 788 DI 10.1183/09031936.05.00083404 PG 6 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 922NC UT WOS:000228843600005 PM 15863633 ER PT J AU Yeung, DT Lenz, DE Cerasoli, DM AF Yeung, DT Lenz, DE Cerasoli, DM TI Analysis of active-site amino-acid residues of human serum paraoxonase using competitive substrates SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE arylesterase; di-isopropylfluorophosphate; human serum paraoxonase (HuPON1); organophosphatase; paraoxonase ID PON1; ARYLESTERASE; HYDROLYSIS; BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; EXPRESSION; HYDROLASE; MECHANISM; EVOLUTION; MUTANTS; BINDING AB Serum paraoxonase (PON1) is a calcium-dependent six-fold beta-propeller protein structurally similar to the di-isopropylfluorophosphatase (DFPase) found in the squid Loligo vulgaris. Human serum paraoxonase (HuPON1) has been shown to hydrolyze an array of substrates even though relatively little is known about its physiological role(s) or its catalytic mechanism. Through site-directed mutagenesis studies, designed from a DFPase-like homology model, and from a crystal structure of a hybrid PON1 molecule, amino-acid residues essential for enzyme function, including H115 and F222, have been identified. It was shown previously that, when H115 is replaced with tryptophan, the resulting enzyme hydrolyzes paraoxon but not phenyl acetate. This study shows that, when present simultaneously, phenyl acetate competitively inhibits paraoxon hydrolysis by H115W. Conversely, when F222 is replaced with tyrosine, mutant F222Y can hydrolyze phenyl acetate but not paraoxon. The presence of DFP, an inhibitor of both arylesterase and paraoxonase activities of wild-type HuPON1 (mean K-i = 0.48 +/- 0.15 mm), has no effect on the ability of F222Y to catalyze the hydrolysis of phenyl acetate, suggesting that the F222Y mutant is unable to bind DFP. Together, the results suggest that, in wild-type HuPON1, H115 and F222 are important in determining substrate binding and specificity, but are not likely to be directly involved in substrate hydrolysis. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Cerasoli, DM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Pharmacol, Biochem Pharmacol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM douglas.cerasoli@us.army.mil OI /0000-0001-5692-0170 NR 28 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 272 IS 9 BP 2225 EP 2230 DI 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04646.x PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 919TN UT WOS:000228640600015 PM 15853807 ER PT J AU Bednar, AJ Medina, VF Larson, SL AF Bednar, AJ Medina, VF Larson, SL TI Effects of natural organic matter on the speciation of uranium SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 15th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY MAY, 2005 CL Moscow, ID C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAY PY 2005 VL 69 IS 10 SU S BP A542 EP A542 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 930EX UT WOS:000229399701465 ER PT J AU MacPherson, GL Johnson, WC Gatto, LW AF MacPherson, GL Johnson, WC Gatto, LW TI REE in Konza Prairie LTER site (USA) soil - Allochthonous? SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 15th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY MAY, 2005 CL Moscow, ID C1 Univ Kansas, Dept Geol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Geog, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM glmac@ku.edu; wcj@ku.edu; Lawrence.W.Gatto@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAY PY 2005 VL 69 IS 10 SU S BP A604 EP A604 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 930EX UT WOS:000229399701582 ER PT J AU McManus, CE De Lucia, F Harmon, R McMillan, NJ Whitmore, R AF McManus, CE De Lucia, F Harmon, R McMillan, NJ Whitmore, R TI Trace element geochemistry of gem beryl SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 15th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference CY MAY, 2005 CL Moscow, ID C1 New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Palermo Mining Co, Weare, NH 03281 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAY PY 2005 VL 69 IS 10 SU S BP A281 EP A281 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 930EX UT WOS:000229399700545 ER PT J AU Elkas, JC Berek, JS Leuchter, R Lagasse, LD Karlan, BY AF Elkas, JC Berek, JS Leuchter, R Lagasse, LD Karlan, BY TI Lower urinary tract reconstruction with ileum in. the treatment of gynecologic malignancies SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ileocystoplasty; heat interposition; ureteric replacement; pelvic exenteration; pelvic reconstruction; gynecologic cancer ID CERVICAL-CARCINOMA; SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS; RADIOTHERAPY; REPLACEMENT; CYSTOPLASTY AB Introduction. Advanced or recurrent gynecologic malignancies can invade or obstruct the lower urinary tract. If extirpation is necessary for cytoreduction or repair of radiation sequalae, treatment has typically involved creation of either an ileal conduit or a cutaneous continent urinary diversion. As an alternative, a more limited resection with urinary tract reconstruction using ileum for interposition or augmentation may allow for the preservation of urethral voiding. Cases. We describe the use of ileal segments for lower urinary tract reconstruction in the treatment of ten patients with advanced or recurrent gynecologic malignancies. The clinical history, surgical technique, and patient outcomes are reviewed. Discussion. These cases demonstrate that limited bladder or ureteral resection with reconstruction using ileal segments may offer select patients preservation of urethral voiding. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90648 USA. RP Elkas, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Room 6762,Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM john.elkas@na.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 97 IS 2 BP 685 EP 692 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.01.009 PG 8 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 927WK UT WOS:000229231000062 PM 15863183 ER PT J AU Stark, WE Felstead, EB Noneaker, DL Sadler, BM Pursley, MB AF Stark, WE Felstead, EB Noneaker, DL Sadler, BM Pursley, MB TI Guest editorial - Advances in military wireless communications SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Commun Res Ctr, Fed Govt Lab, Ottawa, ON K2H 8S2, Canada. Clemson Univ, Holcombe Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stark, WE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 23 IS 5 BP 881 EP 883 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2005.845968 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 923WG UT WOS:000228939600001 ER PT J AU Shin, YJ Gobert, D Sung, SH Powers, EJ Park, JB AF Shin, YJ Gobert, D Sung, SH Powers, EJ Park, JB TI Application of cross time-frequency analysis to postural sway behavior: The effects of aging and visual systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE aging; cross time-frequency distribution; feedback control; phase difference spectrum; postural sway; time-frequency analysis; visual sensory system ID REDUCED INTERFERENCE DISTRIBUTIONS; OPEN-LOOP; CONTROL MECHANISMS AB In this paper, the effects of visual feedback and aging on postural sway systems and signals are investigated by analyzing the transient phase difference between "input" and "output" which correspond to center of pressure (COP) and center of mass. (COM), respectively. In order to analyze the transient phase difference characteristics of COP and COM, a relatively new cross time-frequency analysis technique that provides time-and frequency-localized phase difference information is utilized. The feedback control process in the postural sway is interpreted in terms of a feedback compensator which is characterized in terms of a phase difference. Using the experimental results of the transient phase difference obtained from the cross time-frequency distribution, it is demonstrated that the postural control of young persons are more stable and rely more on visual sensory feedback to stabilize postural control compared to that of the elderly persons. C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Austin, TX 78701 USA. Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120752, South Korea. RP Shin, YJ (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM shinjune@engr.sc.edu NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9294 J9 IEEE T BIO-MED ENG JI IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 52 IS 5 BP 859 EP 868 DI 10.1109/TBME.2005.844278 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 916EH UT WOS:000228367700011 PM 15887535 ER PT J AU John, S Vorontsov, MA AF John, S Vorontsov, MA TI Multiframe selective information fusion from robust error estimation theory SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE image fusion.; microscopy; multiframe processing; multispectral fusion ID MULTISENSOR IMAGE FUSION; ANISOTROPIC DIFFUSION; EDGE-DETECTION; MULTIRESOLUTION; TURBULENCE AB A dynamic procedure for selective information fusion from multiple image frames is derived from robust error estimation theory. The fusion rate is driven by the anisotropic gain function, defined to be the difference between the Gaussian smoothededge maps of a given input frame and of an evolving synthetic output frame. The gain function achieves both selection and rapid fusion of relatively sharper features from each input frame compared to the synthetic frame. Effective applications are demonstrated for image sharpening in imaging through atmospheric turbulence, for multispectral fusion of the RGB spectral components of a scene, for removal of blurred visual obstructions from in front of a distant focused scene, and for higb-resolution two-dimensional display of three-dimensional objects in microscopy. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Comp & Elect Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Direct, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20741 USA. RP John, S (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Klipsch Sch Comp & Elect Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM sarah.john3@verizon.net; mvorontsov@arl.army.mil NR 24 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 14 IS 5 BP 577 EP 584 DI 10.1109/TIP.2005.846022 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 916FD UT WOS:000228369900003 PM 15887552 ER PT J AU Podlesak, TE Katsis, DC Wheeler, PW Clare, JC Empringham, L Bland, M AF Podlesak, TE Katsis, DC Wheeler, PW Clare, JC Empringham, L Bland, M TI A 150-kVA vector-controlled matrix converter induction motor drive SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Annual Meeting of the Industry-Applications-Society CY OCT 03-07, 2004 CL Seattle, WA SP IEEE Ind Applicat Soc DE matrix converters; motor drives AB This paper describes the design, construction, and testing of a 150-kVA closed-loop vector-controlled matrix converter induction motor drive. The primary objective of this research effort is to evaluate the utility of the matrix converter in electric vehicle applications, primarily for motor control. A prototype converter has been built using 600-A 1400-V insulated gate bipolar transistors. Closed-loop vector control has been implemented and tested using a 150-hp induction motor load. This paper presents the design of this converter along with practical test results, representing the largest matrix converter built to date. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Podlesak, TE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM tpodlesak@arl.anny.mil; kat-sisdc@ieee.org; jon.clare@not-tingham.ac.uk OI Clare, Jon/0000-0001-8243-4280 NR 11 TC 78 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-9994 J9 IEEE T IND APPL JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 41 IS 3 BP 841 EP 847 DI 10.1109/TIA.2005.847303 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 934CQ UT WOS:000229684900023 ER PT J AU Waters, KR Mobley, J Miller, JG AF Waters, KR Mobley, J Miller, JG TI Causality-imposed (Kramers-Kronig) relationships between attenuation and dispersion SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY POWER-LAW; DERIVATIVE ANALYTICITY RELATIONS; BROAD-BAND MEASUREMENTS; TIME-DOMAIN; ULTRASONIC-ATTENUATION; ACOUSTIC-WAVES; PHASE-VELOCITY; ALBUNEX(R) SUSPENSIONS; OPTICAL THEOREM; MEDIA AB Causality imposes restrictions on both the time-domain and frequency-domain responses of a system. The Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations relate the real and imaginary parts of the frequency-domain response. In ultrasonics, K-K relations often are used to link attenuation and dispersion. We review both integral and differential forms of the frequency-domain K-K relations that are relevant to theoretical models and laboratory measurements. We consider two methods for implementing integral K-K relations for the case of finite-bandwidth data, namely, extrapolation of data and restriction of integration limits. For the latter approach, we discuss the accuracy of K-K predictions for specific classes of system behavior and how the truncation of the integrals affects this accuracy. We demonstrate the accurate prediction of attenuation and dispersion using several forms of the K-K relations relevant to experimental measurements of media with attenuation coefficients obeying a frequency power law and media consisting of resonant scatterers. We also review the time-causal relations that describe the time-domain consequences of causality in the wave equation. These relations can be thought of as time-domain analogs of the (frequency-domain) K-K relations. Causality-imposed relations, such as the K-K and time-causal relations, provide useful tools for the analysis of measurements and models of acoustic systems. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Reliabil Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Lab Ultrason, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Waters, KR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Reliabil Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM krwaters@boulder/nist.gov NR 81 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD MAY PY 2005 VL 52 IS 5 BP 822 EP 833 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2005.1503968 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 936MO UT WOS:000229860300013 PM 16048183 ER PT J AU Sundararaman, S Adams, DE Rigas, EJ AF Sundararaman, S Adams, DE Rigas, EJ TI Biologically inspired structural diagnostics through beamforming with phased transducer arrays SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nondestructive evaluation; signal processing; sensor arrays; beamforming ID MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS; COMPOSITE STRUCTURES; ANTENNA-ARRAYS; SYSTEM; PLATES; SIZE AB This paper discusses research in the use of biologically inspired spatial phased transducer arrays for the nondestructive evaluation of homogeneous and heterogeneous structural components. It is shown that beamforming, which is used by orb web spiders to locate their prey in a network of web fibers, can be achieved by applying weights. and time delays to the tapped signals from a transducer array in a narrow frequency band to obtain desired directional sensitivities and optimal array gains. The resulting spatio-temporal filters are then used to detect, locate and quantify structural damage. The theory of beamsteering and beamforming for processing propagating wave data in damaged elastic media is discussed. Experimental results for homogeneous and heterogeneous plates are given to verify the theoretical discussions. Design considerations for the phased arrays are examined as are the benefits of nonlinear array geometries for better spatial coverage. The advantage of using adaptive over conventional beamforming is demonstrated with a Frost Constraint adaptive technique. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Ray W Herrick Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Adams, DE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Ray W Herrick Labs, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM deadams@purdue.edu NR 36 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7225 J9 INT J ENG SCI JI Int. J. Eng. Sci. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 43 IS 8-9 BP 756 EP 778 DI 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2004.12.008 PG 23 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA 941RT UT WOS:000230232600011 ER PT J AU Brietzke, SE Jones, DT AF Brietzke, SE Jones, DT TI Pediatric oropharyngeal trauma: what is the role of CT scan? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article DE computed tomography (CT); CT angiography; trauma; oropharynx; carotid; carotid trauma; pediatrics; systematic review ID HELICAL CT; ARTERIAL INJURIES; IMPALEMENT INJURIES; PENETRATING TRAUMA; ANGIOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; CHILDREN; PALATE; NECK; COMPLICATION AB Objectives/hypothesis: Pediatric oropharyngeal trauma (OPT) is a common injury in children with rare, but at times severe complications including carotid injury and dissection of air/micro-organisms into the deep tissues of the neck or chest. Cervical CT scan with contrast (CT angiography (CTA)) is nearly universally available and may enhance the evaluation of OPT patients by screening for these potentially devastating complications. Study design: Retrospective record review, systematic review of the literature. Methods: Twenty-three patients diagnosed with OPT from 1997 to 2003 at Boston Children's Hospital were identified by database review. Records were reviewed for site and mechanism of injury, use of diagnostic studies, management, and outcomes. Results were compared to previously published reports. The current literature was reviewed to assess the level of evidence pertaining to the evaluation of OPT patients with CT scan. An extrapolation was made to the general trauma literature to further evaluate the ability of CT angiography to detect carotid injury. Results: Demographics and mechanism of injury in the current series were unchanged from previous reports. CT demonstrated superior detection and localization of free air. Systematic review of OPT literature revealed data on the use of CT scan as evaluation tool were tacking. Extrapolations to the trauma literature strongly indicate helical CTA has high sensitivity and specificity in detecting carotid injury. Conclusions: Pediatric oropharyngeal trauma is a common injury with rare, but severe complications. The routine use of CT scan with contrast may assist in the evaluation of these patients to detect injuries that could lead to severe complications. Collection of prospective data on the ability of CTscan to detect carotid injuries is needed but may not be feasible. © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. RP Brietzke, SE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM SEBrietzke@msn.com NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0165-5876 J9 INT J PEDIATR OTORHI JI Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 69 IS 5 BP 669 EP 679 DI 10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.12.005 PG 11 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics SC Otorhinolaryngology; Pediatrics GA 926LV UT WOS:000229125600009 PM 15850688 ER PT J AU Barbero, EJ Damiani, TM Trovillion, J AF Barbero, EJ Damiani, TM Trovillion, J TI Micromechanics of fabric reinforced composites with periodic microstructure SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID PLAIN-WEAVE COMPOSITES; ELASTIC RESPONSE; FAILURE BEHAVIOR; WOVEN FABRICS; STRENGTH; MATRIX; MODEL; INCLUSIONS; STIFFNESS; FORMULAS AB A model to predict the effective stiffness of woven fabric composite materials is presented. Taking advantage of the inherent periodicity of woven fabric architecture, periodic microstructure theory is used at the mesoscale for the case of a two-phase heterogeneous material with multiple periodic inclusions. For plain weave fabrics, the representative volume element (RVE) is discretized into fiber/matrix bundles and the pure matrix regions that surround them. The surfaces of the fiber/matrix bundles are fit with sinusoidal equations using two approaches. The first is based on measurements taken from photomicrographs of composite specimens and the second is based on an idealized representation of the plain weave structure. Three-dimensional sinusoidal surfaces are generated from the face equations and weave shape for the real and idealized cases in order to mathematically describe the fiber/matrix bundle regions, which are treated as unidirectional composites. Model results from the idealized geometry are compared to experimental data from the literature and show good agreement, including interlaminar material properties. From a comparison of the real and idealized geometry results for similar material RVE dimensions, it is seen that the model is capable of predicting significant changes in the in-plane material properties from slight mismatch in the fiber/matrix bundle shape and crimp, which can be captured using the geometric surfaces generated from photomicrograph measurements. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Barbero, EJ (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 323 ESB, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM ebarbero@wvu.edu NR 29 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 42 IS 9-10 BP 2489 EP 2504 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.09.034 PG 16 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 896QE UT WOS:000226947800002 ER PT J AU Sarasanandarajah, S Kunnil, J Chacko, E Bronk, BV Reinisch, L AF Sarasanandarajah, S Kunnil, J Chacko, E Bronk, BV Reinisch, L TI Reversible changes in fluorescence of bacterial endospores found in aerosols due to hydration/drying SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bioaerosols; hydration; fluorescence; bacterial spores; principal component analysis ID HEAT-RESISTANCE; WATER-CONTENT; OTITIS-MEDIA; SPORES; IDENTIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; CLASSIFICATION; LUMINESCENCE AB In this study we show that the room temperature multiwavelength autofluorescence signature of wet Bacillus endospores is considerably different from that of the dry endospores. The fluorescence is measured with excitation wavelengths of 300-500 nm with 50 nm steps. Small differences are observed between the dry and the re-dried spores. The fluorescence spectra support the model of reversible water migration between inner spore compartments and the environment. Characteristic information is extracted from spectral fluorescence excitation-emission contours for these spores by applying the dimensional reduction of data techniques known as principal component analysis. Aerosol detection and identification techniques relying on fluorescence must take into account the hydration state of the spores and recognize the ability of the spores to rapidly change their state of hydration. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. Univ Canterbury, Dept Math & Stat, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. USA, AFRL, ECBC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Reinisch, L (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. EM l.reinisch@phys.canterbury.ac.nz NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 36 IS 5-6 BP 689 EP 699 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.11.010 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 929LW UT WOS:000229348600011 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS Glahn, DC Casasanto, DJ AF Killgore, WDS Glahn, DC Casasanto, DJ TI Development and validation of the Design Organization Test (DOT): A rapid screening instrument for assessing visuospatial ability SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTELLIGENCE SCALE-III; SHORT FORMS; CLINICAL-SAMPLE; WAIS-III; 7-SUBTEST; VERSIONS AB A brief paper-and-pencil instrument was developed to rapidly assess visuospatial ability and serve as an alterative to the WAIS Block Design subtests during screening or when assessment time is limited. The Design Organization Test (DOT) consists of square black-and-white grids with visual patterns similar to those of the Block Design subtests. Administration is straightforward and requires examinees to reproduce as many designs as possible in 2 minutes using a numerical code key. For 411 college students, alternate forms of the DOT yielded reliability estimates comparable to that Of the test-retest reliability of WAIS-III Block Design subtest. In a clinical sample, the DOT was significantly correlated (r = .92) with WAIS-III Block Design scores and was successfully substituted in place of Block Design raw scores without signficant change in Performance IQ or Full Scale IQ. The results suggest that the DOT provides a useful and rapid screening measure of visuospatial ability. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, McLean Hosp, Cognit Neuroimaging Lab, Boston, MA USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Div Schizophrenia & Related Disorders, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. MIT, Boston, MA USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM killgore@mclean.harvard.edu OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1380-3395 J9 J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC JI J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 27 IS 4 BP 449 EP 459 DI 10.1080/13803390490520436 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 914XH UT WOS:000228260900006 PM 15962691 ER PT J AU Wang, P Kraus, NC AF Wang, P Kraus, NC TI Beach profile equilibrium and patterns of wave decay and energy dissipation across the surf zone elucidated in a large-scale laboratory experiment SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE beach profile; equilibrium; cross-shore sediment transport; wave breaking; coastal morphology; SUPERTANK; physical modeling ID BREAKING; MODEL AB The widely accepted assumption that the equilibrium beach profile in the surf zone corresponds with uniform wave-energy dissipation per unit volume is directly examined in six cases from the large-scale SUPERTANK laboratory experiment. Under irregular waves, the pattern of wave-energy dissipation across a large portion of the surf zone became relatively uniform as the beach profile evolved toward equilibrium. Rates of wave-energy dissipation across a near-equilibrium profile calculated from wave decay in the surf zone support the prediction derived by DEAN (1977). Substantially different equilibrium beach-profile shapes and wave-energy dissipation rates and patterns were generated for regular waves as compared to irregular waves of similar statistical significant wave height and spectral peak period. Large deviation of wave-energy dissipation from the equilibrium rate occurred at areas on the beach profile with active net cross-shore sediment transport and substantial sedimentation and erosion. The rate of wave-energy dissipation was greater at the main breaker line and in the swash zone, as compared to middle of the surf zone. Based on analysis of the SUPERTANK data, a simple equation is developed for predicting the height of irregular waves in the surf zone on an equilibrium profile. The decay in wave height is proportional to the water depth to the one-half power, as opposed to values of unity or greater derived previously for regular waves. C1 Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wang, P (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM pwang@chuma1.cas.usf.edu NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 21 IS 3 BP 522 EP 534 DI 10.2112/03-003.1 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 930IJ UT WOS:000229408900013 ER PT J AU Brill, G Chen, Y Amirtharaj, PM Sarney, W Chandler-Horowitz, D Dhar, NK AF Brill, G Chen, Y Amirtharaj, PM Sarney, W Chandler-Horowitz, D Dhar, NK TI Molecular beam epitaxial growth and characterization of Cd-based II-VI wide-bandgap compounds an Si substrates SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE CdSeTe; CdSe; CdZnSeTe; Si; (211); molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); photoluminescence (PL); photoreflectance (PR); zincblende; wurtzite; cubic; quaternary; ternary; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); bandgap; defects; bowing ID CADMIUM TELLURIDE; HEXAGONAL CDSE; THIN-FILMS; MBE GROWTH; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; CDSEXTE1-X; DETECTORS; SI(211); ALLOYS AB We have carried out a detailed study on the growth of Cd-based II-VI compounds on Si substrates using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). CdTe, CdSe, CdSeTe, and CdZnSeTe layers were nucleated and grown on Si(211) substrates in order to study a broad range of semiconductor properties, such as crystal structure, fundamental bandgap, surface morphology, and defect and dislocation density as a function of the constituent elements. For structural characterization, we used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction, which indicated that cubic Cd1-xSexTe material had been grown on Si substrates throughout the entire composition range. Likewise, photoreflectance (PR) and photoluminescence (PL) were used to measure the optical response in the near bandgap (E-g) region. Results indicated nonrandom ordering of CdSeTe/Si material. Studies on quaternary CdZnSeTe material indicated that Zn and Se concentrations directly impact surface morphology with extremely smooth surfaces obtained as Zn content is decreased. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Brill, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gbrill@arl.army.mil RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 27 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 14 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 34 IS 5 BP 655 EP 661 DI 10.1007/s11664-005-0080-y PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 930JJ UT WOS:000229411600029 ER PT J AU Ferguson, DB Kjar, KS Hartwell, GR AF Ferguson, DB Kjar, KS Hartwell, GR TI Three canals in the mesiobuccal root of a maxillary first molar: A case report SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID OPERATING MICROSCOPE; CONFIGURATION; INVIVO AB This article describes the identification and treatment of a maxillary first molar exhibiting three canals in the mesiobuccal root. An 18-yr-old male patient presented for nonsurgical root canal therapy of tooth #3. After accessing the pulp chamber, and probing with 2.5 X magnification, only one canal was located in the mesiobuccal root initially. Subsequent to troughing the groove between the mesiobuccal and palatal canals with a #2 round bur, two additional canals were located. An electronic apex locator was utilized to ensure a perforation of the pulpal floor had not occurred. A working film confirmed the presence of three canals in the mesiobuccal root, and the canals were cleaned, shaped, and obturated. C1 Comanche AEGD, Ft Sill, OK USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Dept Endodont, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. RP Ferguson, DB (reprint author), POB 33524, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. EM David.Ferguson@amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 31 IS 5 BP 400 EP 402 DI 10.1097/01.don.0000148147.01937.6d PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 921JS UT WOS:000228761000014 PM 15851938 ER PT J AU Cerco, CF Noel, MR AF Cerco, CF Noel, MR TI Incremental improvements in Chesapeake Bay Environmental Model Package SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHORUS; TRANSPORT AB The performance of the Chesapeake Bay Environmental Model Package is examined in four steps of model development. The steps include initial application, and refinements, addition of living resources, and grid refinements with recalibration. Performance statistics are presented for the mainstem bay and for the James River, a major tributary. Computed salinity has the lowest relative error. Computed total phosphorus and surface chlorophyll have the greatest relative error. Errors in the bay are lower than in the James River. The capacity of the model has increased substantially over more than a decade but quantitative performance, measured by the summary statistics, has reached a plateau. Limited spatial sampling, uncertainty in loading, and difficulty in assigning boundary conditions are among the factors that limit the accuracy that can be attained with the model. C1 USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Cerco, CF (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Mail Stop EP-W,3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM cercoc@wes.army.mil NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 2005 VL 131 IS 5 BP 745 EP 754 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2005)131:5(745) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 921CZ UT WOS:000228743100008 ER PT J AU Luechapattanaporn, K Wang, YF Wang, J Tang, J Hallberg, LM Dunne, CP AF Luechapattanaporn, K Wang, YF Wang, J Tang, J Hallberg, LM Dunne, CP TI Sterilization of scrambled eggs in military polymeric trays by radio frequency energy SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dielectric heating; radio frequency; sterilization; decimal reduction time; scrambled eggs; military rations ID DISCOLORATION; TEXTURE; FOODS; GELS AB There is a current need for fresh-cooked-like yet shelf-stable egg products for U.S. military combat rations. Novel thermal processes based on radio frequency (RF) energy can shorten the heating time and reduce overheating. This technology was explored to produce shelf-stable egg products for combat ration development. Clostridium sporogenes (PA 3679) spores were used as a surrogate to validate the RF sterilization process to control Clostridium botulinum. Decimal reduction time (D value) of PA 3679 in scrambled eggs was determined using aluminum thermal-death-time (TDT) tubes. The thermal inactivation kinetic information was then used in inoculated pack studies to validate a novel thermal process based on 27.12 MHz radio frequency (RF) pilot scale unit. Trays of scrambled eggs inoculated with PA 3679 were subjected to 3 processing levels: target process (F-0 about 5.3 min), under-target process (F-0 about 3.0 min), and over-target process (F-0 about 9.1 min). The results of the microbial challenge study showed that microbial destruction from the RF process agreed with sterilization values calculated from time-temperature data measured at the cold spot in the treated trays. A comparison of RF- and retort-treated scrambled eggs showed significant differences in the degree of lightness (L*) and redness (a*). RF-processed egg was less brown compared with conventional retorted eggs. Retort treatment of fully cooked scrambled eggs had higher hardness, springiness, and smaller cohesiveness than RF- treated samples. This study suggests that RF thermal processes can produce safe, shelf-stable sterilized scrambled eggs for both military and civilian uses. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Auburn Univ, Biosyst Engn Dept, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. USA, Natick Combat Feeding Program, Adv Proc & Packaging Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Combat Feeding Innovat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Tang, J (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jtang@mail.wsu.edu RI Tang, Juming/A-4027-2009 OI Tang, Juming/0000-0001-9449-1004 NR 28 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 70 IS 4 BP E288 EP E294 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 932YV UT WOS:000229591600023 ER PT J AU Croley, TE He, CS Lee, DH AF Croley, TE He, CS Lee, DH TI Distributed-parameter large basin runoff model. II: Application SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SOIL-MOISTURE; RIVER BASIN; WATER AB Following the derivation of a distributed-parameter large basin runoff model from a lumped-parameter version for the Great Lakes in the companion paper, we here apply it to the Kalamazoo River watershed in southwest Michigan. First we review relevant similar efforts and then describe the digitization of the watershed into a network of cells through which watershed internal flows are routed. We present the technology used on the Kalamazoo River to create grids of topography, soils, land use, and vegetation data. We describe the calibration of both lumped-parameter and distributed-parameter runoff models on the Kalamazoo River and use observed spatial data variations in our parameter determinations. We investigate alternative evapotranspiration schemes, spatial parameter patterns, solar insolation interpretations, and temporal scaling and compare model results. We suggest model extensions for future work. C1 Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geog, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. USA, Div Engn, Water Management Team, Great Lakes & Ohio River Corps Engineers, Cincinnati, OH 45201 USA. RP Croley, TE (reprint author), Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RI He, Chansheng/A-3337-2008 OI He, Chansheng/0000-0001-7748-0485 NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 10 IS 3 BP 182 EP 191 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2005)10:3(182) PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 916ZC UT WOS:000228424400002 ER PT J AU Brittingham, KC Ruthel, G Panchal, RG Fuller, CL Ribot, WJ Hoover, TA Young, HA Anderson, AO Bavari, S AF Brittingham, KC Ruthel, G Panchal, RG Fuller, CL Ribot, WJ Hoover, TA Young, HA Anderson, AO Bavari, S TI Dendritic cells endocytose Bacillus anthracis spores: Implications for anthrax pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; LETHAL FACTOR CLEAVES; DRAINING LYMPH-NODES; CYCLIC-AMP; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; COILING PHAGOCYTOSIS; FACTOR-ALPHA; TNF-ALPHA; IN-VIVO; MACROPHAGES AB Phagocytosis of inhaled Bacillus anthracis spores and subsequent trafficking to lymph nodes are decisive events in the progression of inhalational anthrax because they initiate germination and dissemination of spores. Found in high frequency throughout the respiratory track, dendritic cells (DCs) routinely take up foreign particles and migrate to lymph nodes. However, the participation of DCs in phagocytosis and dissemination of spores has not been investigated previously. We found that human DCs readily engulfed fully pathogenic Ames and attenuated B. anthracis spores predominately by coiling phagocytosis. Spores provoked a loss of tissue-retaining chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR5) with a concurrent increase in lymph node homing receptors (CCR7, CD11c) on the membrane of DCs. After spore infection, immature DCs displayed a mature phenotype (CD83(bright), HLA-DRbright, CD80(bright), CD86(bright), CD40(bright)) and enhanced costimulatory activity. Surprisingly, spores activated the MAPK cascade (ERK, p38) within 30 min and stimulated expression of several inflammatory response genes by 2 h. MAPK signaling was extinguished by 6 h infection, and there was a dramatic reduction of secreted TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 in the absence of DC death. This corresponded temporally with enzymatic cleavage of proximal MAPK signaling proteins (MEK-1, MEK-3, and MAP kinase kinase-4) and may indicate activity of anthrax lethal toxin. Taken together, these results suggest that B. anthracis may exploit DCs to facilitate infection. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Dev Therapeut Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Expt Immunol Lab, Canc Res Ctr, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM bavaris@ncifcrf.gov NR 39 TC 90 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2005 VL 174 IS 9 BP 5545 EP 5552 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 919PU UT WOS:000228630800045 PM 15843553 ER PT J AU Mozaffari, MS Schaffer, SW AF Mozaffari, MS Schaffer, SW TI Candesartan ameliorates the adverse effect of high afterload pressure on myocardial infarct size. SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 27th Annual Meeting of the American Section of the International-Society-of-Heart-Research CY MAY 12-15, 2005 CL New Orleans, LA SP Int Soc Heart Res, Amer Sect C1 MCG, Dept Oral Biol, Augusta, GA USA. USA, Dept Pharmacol, Mobile, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 38 IS 5 MA 94 BP 843 EP 843 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA 925KR UT WOS:000229052500106 ER PT J AU Severns, PM AF Severns, PM TI Response of a terrestrial mollusc community to an autumn prescribed burn in a rare wetland prairie of western Oregon, USA SO JOURNAL OF MOLLUSCAN STUDIES LA English DT Article ID LAND-SNAIL DIVERSITY; DEROCERAS-RETICULATUM; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; SQUARE KILOMETER; NORTH-AMERICA; FIRE; GASTROPODS; FOREST; MANAGEMENT AB Conservation and management of grasslands may involve the use of prescribed fire to reinstate a historical disturbance regime recently suppressed by humans. I used traps to describe the terrestrial mollusc community in a rare wetland prairie ecosystem of western Oregon, USA over a 3-year period in an adjacent burned and unburned wetland prairie parcel beginning 1 year following an autumn prescribed fire. Species richness was lower throughout the burned area for the duration of the study period and mollusc abundance was lower in the first postburn year, but steadily increased over time, surpassing the adjacent burned area by the third postburn year. According to Multi-response Permutation Procedure, the mollusc community in the adjacent burned area differed significantly from the unburned prairie each year since the burn, suggesting that fire history may structure the wetland prairie mollusc community. Indicator species analysis identified that Deroceras reticulatum and Monadenia fidelis were indicator species for unburned wetland prairie, while Catinella rhederi and Vertigo modesta were indicator species for burned habitat at the study site. Since fire appears to decrease wetland prairie mollusc diversity and abundance, prescribed burns should be conducted in accordance with refuges, to provide a source population for colonizing molluscs and for other animals with unknown responses to fire. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Lookout Point Reservoir, Williamette Valley Projects, Lowell, OR 97452 USA. RP Severns, PM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM severnsp@onid.orst.edu NR 67 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0260-1230 EI 1464-3766 J9 J MOLLUS STUD JI J. Molluscan Stud. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 71 BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1093/mollus/eyi021 PN 2 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 923TG UT WOS:000228931600011 ER PT J AU Owens, FJ Reddingius, B AF Owens, FJ Reddingius, B TI Confocal micro-Raman observation of nanometer thick oxide layers on metal nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; metal oxide nanoparticles; oxide layers; copper; indium; zinc ID SCATTERING; XPS AB It is shown for the first time that confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy can be used to detect metal oxide nanometer thick layers on metal nanoparticles. The measured frequencies of the observed oxide layers are shifted to lower frequencies and the line widths were asymmetrically broadened compared to Raman spectrum in bulk oxide of the metals. The effects are due to phonon confinement which occurs in materials of nanometer dimensions. Models of phonon confinement are used to estimate the thickness of the oxide layers. C1 CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10021 USA. USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1533-4880 EI 1533-4899 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 5 IS 5 BP 836 EP 839 DI 10.1166/jnn.2005.104 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 926JQ UT WOS:000229119900026 PM 16010949 ER PT J AU Childs, JD Flynn, TW Fritz, JM Piva, SR Whitman, JM Wainner, RS Greenman, PE AF Childs, JD Flynn, TW Fritz, JM Piva, SR Whitman, JM Wainner, RS Greenman, PE TI Screening for vertebrobasilar insufficiency in patients with neck pain: Manual therapy decision-making in the presence of uncertainty SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE cervical spine; diagnostic accuracy; manipulation; mobilization; vertebral artery ID CERVICAL-SPINE MANIPULATION; VERTEBRAL ARTERY DISSECTION; WHIPLASH-ASSOCIATED DISORDERS; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; LOW-BACK-PAIN; CHIROPRACTIC MANIPULATION; PHYSICAL THERAPY; TRAUMA; INJURY; STROKE AB Growing evidence supports the effectiveness of manual therapy interventions in patients with neck pain; however, considerable attention has also been afforded to the potential risks such as vertelbrobasilar insufficiency (VBI). Despite the existence of guidelines advocating specific screening procedures, research does not support the ability to accurately identify patients at risk. The logical question becomes, '' How does one proceed in the absence of certainty?'' Given the lack of clear direction for decision making in the peer-reviewed literature, this commentary discusses the uncertainties that exist regarding the ability to identify patients at risk for VBI. The authors hope that this commentary adds additional perspective on manual therapy decisionmaking strategies in the presence of uncertainty. C1 Michigan State Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Michigan State Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Dept Osteopath Manipulat Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USA, Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. Regis Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Denver, CO USA. Univ Utah, Dept Phys Therapy, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Intermt Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Childs, JD (reprint author), 508 Thurber Dr, Schertz, TX 78154 USA. EM childsjd@sbcglobal.net NR 78 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 7 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 35 IS 5 BP 300 EP 306 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 927TS UT WOS:000229224000004 PM 15966541 ER PT J AU Miller, MS Anderson, WR AF Miller, MS Anderson, WR TI Burning-rate predictor for multi-ingredient propellants: Nitrate-ester propellants (vol, 20, pg 440, 2004) SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Correction C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Miller, MS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 21 IS 3 BP 576 EP 576 DI 10.2514/1.17422 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 926OO UT WOS:000229132700024 ER PT J AU Dalvit, DL Jackson, RA Hawkins, MC Parker, MH AF Dalvit, DL Jackson, RA Hawkins, MC Parker, MH TI Mathematical derivation of the minimally acceptable all-porcelain margin angle SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESTORATIONS AB There is limited research defining the minimally acceptable porcelain margin angle required to withstand the stresses incurred during seating a restoration. A mathematical model was derived to calculate this critical porcelain margin angle. The factors involved in margin fracture were determined to be the tensile strength of the porcelain, the axial reduction, the diameter of the tooth, the porcelain margin angle, and the seating force. As the seating force increases, the porcelain margin angle required to prevent failure also increases. Increasing either the axial reduction or the diameter of the tooth allowed the minimum porcelain margin angle to decrease. C1 USA, Med Ctr, Adv Gen Dent One Year Program, Ft Campbell, KY USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Augusta, GA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Dalvit, DL (reprint author), 1987 Winsome Lane, Adams, TN 37010 USA. EM Deborah.Dalvit2@se.amedd.army.mil NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 93 IS 5 BP 467 EP 472 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2005.02.002 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 925WS UT WOS:000229084700011 PM 15867757 ER PT J AU Cameron, SM Gunnell, TR AF Cameron, SM Gunnell, TR TI A swinglock removable partial denture aid for physically impaired individuals SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article C1 USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Prosthodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Cameron, SM (reprint author), USA, Dent Activ, Tingay Dent Clin, Prosthodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM stephen.cameron@se.amedd.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 93 IS 5 BP 498 EP 499 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.02.005 PG 2 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 925WS UT WOS:000229084700019 PM 15867765 ER PT J AU Wright, GW AF Wright, GW TI Discussion of challenges encountered during the collection and submission of wipe/leak test samples SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Collection and submission challenges are encountered during analysis of samples taken on devices containing radioactive materials. The sample analysis is for either gross alpha-counting by gas-flow proportional counting or low-level beta-counting by liquid scintillation counting. Technical manuals, safety and maintenance messages, provide established policies for the collection and submission of the samples. The analytical challenges range from incorrect sampling media to improper packaging and shipping of the samples. Since quality starts with sample collection and the samples are not being collected and/or submitted correctly, the counting laboratory may not be able to provide meaningful analytical results to the customer. C1 USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Wright, GW (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, 5183 Blackhawk Rd,Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM gary.w.wright@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 264 IS 2 BP 351 EP 355 DI 10.1007/s10967-005-0720-y PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 918CO UT WOS:000228516700014 ER PT J AU McDonald, RMS AF McDonald, RMS TI George Washington's South. SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP McDonald, RMS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 71 IS 2 BP 430 EP 431 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 924NB UT WOS:000228984400011 ER PT J AU Moten, M AF Moten, M TI The regulars: The American army, 1898-1941. SO JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY USA. RP Moten, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN HISTORICAL ASSOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, HISTORY DEPT, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA SN 0022-4642 J9 J SOUTHERN HIST JI J. South. Hist. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 71 IS 2 BP 478 EP 479 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 924NB UT WOS:000228984400051 ER PT J AU Knapik, J Darakjy, S Scott, SJ Hauret, KG Canada, S Marin, R Rieger, W Jones, BH AF Knapik, J Darakjy, S Scott, SJ Hauret, KG Canada, S Marin, R Rieger, W Jones, BH TI Evaluation of a standardized physical training program for basic combat training SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE injury; attrition; military personnel; aerobic fitness; muscle contraction ID FITNESS OUTCOMES; RUNNING INJURIES; ARMY RECRUITS; EXERCISE; PREVENTION AB A control group (CG, n = 1,138) that implemented a traditional Basic Combat Training (BCT) physical training (PT) program was compared to an evaluation group (EG, n = 829) that implemented a PT program newly designed for BCT. The Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) was taken at various points in the PT program, and injuries were obtained from a medical surveillance system. After 9 weeks of training, the proportion failing the APFT was lower in the EG than in the CG (1.7 vs. 3.3%, p = 0.03). After adjustment for initial fitness levels, age, and body mass index, the relative risk of an injury in the CG was 1.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] =1.2-2.0) and 1.5 (95% CI = 1.2-1.8) times higher than in the EG for men and women, respectively. The newly designed PT program resulted in higher fitness test pass rates and lower injury rates compared to a traditional BCT physical training program. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Phys Fitness Sch, Ft Benning, GA 31995 USA. RP Knapik, J (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM knapik@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 4 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 19 IS 2 BP 246 EP 253 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 930JE UT WOS:000229411100002 PM 15903357 ER PT J AU Estes, AC Frangopol, DM AF Estes, AC Frangopol, DM TI Load rating versus reliability analysis SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM RELIABILITY; HIGHWAY BRIDGES AB The most common approach to assess the safety of a bridge is load rating. However, this approach cannot quantify the bridge safety in probabilistic terms or fully quantify the structural risk to the bridge. Reliability methods have become an increasingly popular and gradually accepted approach to assess the safety of structures. These methods account for the randomness and correlation of all relevant variables and failure modes in the analysis. This study performs both a load rating analysis and a reliability analysis on the same highway bridge, compares the results, and discusses the strengths and limitations of each approach. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Estes, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9445 J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 2005 VL 131 IS 5 BP 843 EP 847 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:5(843) PG 5 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 918HH UT WOS:000228532400015 ER PT J AU Xu, DW Carbonell, RG Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ AF Xu, DW Carbonell, RG Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ TI Phase equilibrium for the hydrogenation of polystyrene in CO(2)-swollen solvents SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS LA English DT Article DE hydrogenation; polystyrene; supercritical carbon dioxide; phase equilibrium; Peng-Robinson ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; 3-PHASE CATALYTIC-HYDROGENATION; AMORPHOUS PD81SI19; CO2; SEMIHYDROGENATION; PERFORMANCE; ANTISOLVENT; VISCOSITY; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS AB Polystyrene (PS) can be hydrogenated using a heterogeneous catalyst suspended in a solvent swollen by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)). Various phase equilibria are involved in this system. First, the application of scCO(2) to a solution of PS can cause the polymer to precipitate. Therefore, the effect of CO(2) pressure and temperature on the phase behavior of various solvents containing dissolved PS was investigated, leading to the selection of decahydronaphthalene (DHN) for in-depth study. It was found that the CO(2) pressure required to precipitate PS from DHN increased with the temperature. The volume of solutions containing various concentrations of PS in DHN increased considerably as the CO(2) pressure was increased. Volume expansions of 35-40% were obtained between 40 and 150 degrees C and between 3 and 9 wt.% PS. Moreover, calculations using the Peng-Robinson equation of state showed that the H(2) concentration in the liquid phase was higher in CO(2)-swollen DHN than in the pure solvent, at a constant H(2) partial pressure. The rate constant for PS hydrogenation was found to be higher in CO(2)-swollen DHN than in the pure solvent. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Roberts, GW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Box 7905, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM groberts@eos.ncsu.edu NR 37 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0896-8446 J9 J SUPERCRIT FLUID JI J. Supercrit. Fluids PD MAY PY 2005 VL 34 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.supflu.2004.09.004 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 923AT UT WOS:000228881700001 ER PT J AU Dalton, SR Gardner, TL Libow, LF Elston, DM AF Dalton, SR Gardner, TL Libow, LF Elston, DM TI Contiguous lesions in lentigo maligna SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Dermatology CY JUL, 2004 CL New York, NY SP Amer Acad Dermatol ID MELANOMA IN-SITU; BASAL-CELL CARCINOMA; SUN-DAMAGED SKIN; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; PRECURSOR LESION; COLLISION; KERATINOCYTES; EXPRESSION; NEOPLASMS; BIOPSY AB Background: Determining the best biopsy technique for a suspected lentigo maligna can be challenging. Because complete excisional biopsy is rarely practical, the physician is left to choose an appropriate area to biopsy. Sampling error can have devastating consequences, especially if the biopsy demonstrates a pigmented lesion that was considered in the clinical differential diagnosis. The presence of a solar lentigo, pigmented actinic keratosis, or reticulated seborrheic keratosis could mislead the pathologist and clinician to the erroneous conclusion that the incisional specimen is representative of the whole, and that no lentigo maligna is present. Objective: We have often observed the presence of a contiguous pigmented lesion adjacent to lentigo maligna. The current study was designed to determine how frequently this phenomenon occurs. Methods: We studied Mohs debulking specimens of lentigo maligna, and broad shave biopsy specimens of pigmented lesions on heavily sun-damaged areas of the skin proven to be lentigo maligna. Results: Contiguous pigmented lesions were present in 48% of the specimens. The most common lesion was a benign solar lentigo (30%), followed by pigmented actinic keratosis (24%). Conclusion: Recognition of this phenomenon may prevent misdiagnosis of lentigo maligna related to sampling error. C1 Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Dermatol, Danville, PA 17822 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Elston, DM (reprint author), Geisinger Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Dermatol, 100 N Acad Ave, Danville, PA 17822 USA. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 52 IS 5 BP 859 EP 862 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.11.063 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 926JT UT WOS:000229120200014 PM 15858478 ER PT J AU Dabbs, CR Creel, NB Krivda, SJ Norton, SA AF Dabbs, CR Creel, NB Krivda, SJ Norton, SA TI Elevated serum immunoglobulin preceding primary cutaneous posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dabbs, CR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 52 IS 5 SU S BP S123 EP S124 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.09.042 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 928DA UT WOS:000229250100016 PM 15858509 ER PT J AU King, B Jatoi, I AF King, B Jatoi, I TI The mobile Army surgical hospital (MASH): A military and surgical legacy SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE mobile Army surgical hospital; forward surgical teams; combat support hospitals; mobile hospitals; military medicine; Army medicine; field hospitals; war surgery ID HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK; RENAL-FAILURE; DESERT-STORM; KOREAN-WAR; VIETNAM; LESSONS; CARE AB Operation Iraqi Freedom was perhaps the lost military campaign that will ever utilize the services of a mobile Army surgical hospital (MASH). The Army has' now essentially replaced the MASH with combat surgical hospitals (CSH) and forward surgical teams (FST). MASH units were designed as mobile, flexible, forward-deployed military hospitals, providing care for the wounded near the frontlines of the battlefield. These hospitals not only saved thousands of lives during war but also greatly influenced the delivery of trauma and critical care in civilian hospitals. The MASH was made popular by the television series of the 1970s, depicting the 4077th during the Korean War. Although a comical series, these television episodes provided viewers with a glimpse of life in a MASH during time of war. This article chronicles the history of the MASH from its inception during World War II to recent experiences in Operation Iraqi Freedom. C1 USA, Hosp Heidelberg, Dept Surg, Heidelberg, Germany. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP King, B (reprint author), USA, Hosp Heidelberg, Dept Surg, USA Med Corps, APO, AE 09042 USA. EM Booker.King@us.army.mil NR 39 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATL MED ASSOC PI WASHINGON PA 1012 10TH ST, N W, WASHINGON, DC 20001 USA SN 0027-9684 J9 J NATL MED ASSOC JI J. Natl. Med. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 97 IS 5 BP 648 EP 656 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 017AD UT WOS:000235665600003 PM 15926641 ER PT J AU Leon, LR AF Leon, LR TI The use of gene knockout mice in thermo regulation studies SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE temperature regulation; targeted mutagenesis; cytokines; fever; interleukin-1; interleukin-6; mutant mouse models ID BODY-TEMPERATURE RHYTHM; OB-OB MOUSE; LABORATORY MICE; OBESE GENE; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; ENU MUTAGENESIS; DEFICIENT MICE; IL-1 RECEPTOR; MUS-MUSCULUS AB As the use of gene knockout models in thermoregulation studies has gained popularity, the reported incidence of redundant or discrepant phenotypes between studies has also increased. Several gene knockout models mimic human processes and have provided valuable insight into the role of endogenous mediators in thermo regulatory processes. There are also many examples of mutant strains expressing virtually identical phenotypes as their wild-type controls, causing concern regarding the appropriateness of these models for the study of physiological processes. In some cases, discrepancies in results are being reported from different laboratories that are studying the same gene knockout model. While mutant strains provide a powerful tool for analysis of gene function in vivo, the breeding strategies used to generate the strain may have a profound impact on the expressed phenotype. This review examines the intricacies of working with a small rodent such as the mouse and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using gene knockout models for thermoregulatory research. A number of experimental strategies that can be used to minimize the occurrence of redundant phenotypes are presented. The influence of background strain effects is also considered, since this may be one of the most important factors influencing a mutant phenotype. A future perspective is provided in which more advanced technologies using conditional gene inactivation and the production of rat knockout strains will improve current experimental design. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Leon, LR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM lisa.leon@na.amedd.army.mil NR 90 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 30 IS 4 BP 273 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2005.01.001 PG 16 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 930BZ UT WOS:000229392100003 ER PT J AU Moreau, AR Westfall, PH Cancio, LC Mason, AD AF Moreau, AR Westfall, PH Cancio, LC Mason, AD TI Development and validation of an age-risk score for mortality predication after thermal injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 11-13, 2003 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma ID BURN MORTALITY; CHILDREN AB Background: In burn patients, the risk of mortality typically decreases as children mature, reaches a nadir at age 21, rises linearly thereafter, and levels off in old age. We hypothesized that a single "age-risk score" (AGESCORE), incorporating a cubic functional form, can be used in predictive models for mortality after burns. Methods: Data from 6,395 thermally injured patients admitted to a single burn center between January 1, 1950, and December 31, 1999, were used. Variables included age, total burn size, year of discharge, and survival. AGESCORE was defined as follows: -5(age) + 14(age(2)/100) - 7(age(3)/10,000). Logistic regression verified the cubic functional form of the age-mortality relationship. Models using a general cubic functional form of age, and AGESCORE, were compared for lack of fit. The stability of AGESCORE was assessed over six distinct treatment eras within the 50-year period. AGESCORE was also validated using data from a different burn center. Results: AGESCORE provided an accurate method for modeling mortality in burn patients across different age groups, burn sizes, eras, and burn centers. Conclusion: The benefits of a standardized index of age risk include ease of comparison, reduction of bias, and increased efficiency attributable to statistical parsimony. The applicability of this approach to nonthermal trauma patients remains to be seen. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM lee.cancio@amedd.army.mil NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2005 VL 58 IS 5 BP 967 EP 972 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000162729.24548.00 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 932PU UT WOS:000229566600019 PM 15920410 ER PT J AU Martini, WZ Pusateri, AE Uscilowicz, JM Delgado, AV Holcomb, JB AF Martini, WZ Pusateri, AE Uscilowicz, JM Delgado, AV Holcomb, JB TI Independent contributions of hypothermia and acidosis to coagulopathy in swine SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID TRAUMA PATIENTS; FACTOR VIIA; BLOOD-COAGULATION; TEMPERATURE; HEMORRHAGE; HEMOPHILIA; LAPAROTOMY; MANAGEMENT; MECHANISM; INJURY AB Background. Clinical coagulopathy occurs frequently in the presence of acidosis and hypothermia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative contributions of acidosis and hypothermia to coagulopathy, as measured by current standard bedside and clinical laboratory analyses (i.e., bleeding time and prothrombin time). In addition, we investigated possible mechanisms of these effects using a modified prothrombin time test, thromhoelastography, and thrombin kinetics analyses. An improved understanding of coagulopathy should facilitate hemorrhage control. Methods: Twenty-four pigs were randomly allocated into normal (pH, 7.4; 39&DEG; C), acidotic (pH, 7.1; 39&DEG; C), hypothermic (pH, 7.4; 32&DEG; C), and acidotic and hypothermic (pH, 7.1; 32&DEG; C) combined groups. Acidosis was induced by the infusion of 0.2N hydrochloric acid in lactated Ringer's solution. Hypothermia was induced by using a blanket with circulating water at 4&DEG; C. Development of a clinical coagulopathy was defined as a significant increase in splenic bleeding time. Measurements were compared before (pre) and 10 minutes after (post) the target condition was achieved. Results: Acidosis, hypothermia, or both caused the development of coagulopathy, as indicated by 47%, 57%, and 72% increases in splenic bleeding time (p < 0.05, pre vs. post). Plasma fibrinogen concentration was decreased by 18% and 17% in the acidotic and combined groups, respectively, but not in the hypothermic group. Hypothermia caused a delay in the onset of thrombin generation, whereas acidosis primarily caused a decrease in thrombin generation rates. At 4 minutes' quench time, thrombin generation in the acidotic, hypothermic. and combined groups were 47.0%, 12.5%, and 5.7%, respectively, or the value in the control group. There were no changes in serum tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-6 in any group during the study. Conclusion: Acidosis and hypothermia cause a clinical coagulopathy with different thrombin generation kinetics. These results confirm the need to prevent or correct hypothermia and acidosis and indicate the need for improved techniques to monitor coagulopathy in the trauma population. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chamber, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.holcomb@amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 142 Z9 149 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2005 VL 58 IS 5 BP 1002 EP 1009 DI 10.1097/01.TA.0000156246.53383.9F PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 932PU UT WOS:000229566600026 PM 15920416 ER PT J AU Chu, CS McManus, AT Mason, AD Pruitt, BA AF Chu, CS McManus, AT Mason, AD Pruitt, BA TI Topical silver treatment after escharectomy of infected full thickness burn wounds in rats SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID WEAK DIRECT-CURRENT; PSEUDOMONAS; NYLON; IONS AB White male Sprague Dawley rats (200g.) with 20% full thickness scald burns seeded with 10(5) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, strain 594244, were used as experimental animals. Studies including the following: (1). Control groups. (2). DC pretreatment groups. (3). Treatment groups. P. aeruginosa infected burn wounds were excised, and then treated with either autograft or silver-nylon dressings, with (SNDC) or without (SN) application direct current. Excision and treatment were initiated 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 days after burning and inoculation. (4). Groups for antimicrobial barrier function study. Mortality of each group was recorded at 21 days PB. With burns alone, there was no mortality. Without treatment 19 of 20 burn inoculated controls died. In the pretreatment study, the mortality of the group pretreated with SN was 95% while that of the group pretreated with SNDC was only 30%. With excision and autografting, PB mortality rose from 5/20 at day 2 PB to 19/20 at day 3 PB. In the excision and SN groups, mortality rose from 5/20 at day 3 PB to 18/20 at day 4 PB. In the excision and SNDC groups, mortality rose from 5/20 at day 3 PB to 18/20 at day 4 PB. In the antimicrobial barrier function study, the 10% mortality in the SN dressing group was significantly less than that of 95% in the plain nylon dressed group. Histologic examination revealed progressively deepening colonization of non-viable wound tissue, progressing to invasion of underlying viable tissue by PB day 4. With wound excision, SN, SNDC, and antografting were equally protective for the first two days, but only SN and SNDC extended this effect to the third PB day. In conclusion, SN and SNDC have a strong local anti-microbial effect on the burn wound when applied within 72 hours of the time of bacterial inoculation, but little effect if applied after the bacteria have invaded unburned vessels and viable tissue adjacent to the burn. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Library Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Pruitt, BA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Library Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2005 VL 58 IS 5 BP 1040 EP 1046 DI 10.1091/01.TA.0000162993.91698.FA PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 932PU UT WOS:000229566600034 PM 15920422 ER PT J AU D'Amico, AV Moul, J Carroll, PR Sun, L Lubeck, D Chen, MH AF D'Amico, AV Moul, J Carroll, PR Sun, L Lubeck, D Chen, MH TI Surrogate end point for prostate cancer specific mortality in patients with nonmetastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostate-specific antigen; prostatic neoplasms; mortality; salvage therapy ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; RADIATION-THERAPY; ANTIGEN FAILURE; CLINICAL-TRIALS; GUIDELINES; DATABASE; CAPSURE; DISEASE; DEATH; TIME AB Purpose: We determined whether prostate specific antigen (PSA) velocity can serve as surrogate end point for prostate cancer specific mortality (PCSM) in patients with nonmetastatic, hormone refractory prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: The study cohort comprised 919 men treated from 1988 to 2002 at 1 of 44 institutions with surgery (560) or radiation therapy (359) for clinical stages T1c-4NxMo prostate cancer, followed by salvage hormonal therapy for PSA failure. All patients experienced PSA defined recurrence while on hormonal therapy. Prentice criteria require that the surrogate should be a prognostic factor and the treatment used did not alter time to PCSM following achievement of the surrogate end point. These criteria were tested using Cox regression. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results: PSA velocity greater than 1.5 ng/ml yearly was statistically significantly associated with time to PCSM and all cause mortality following PSA defined recurrence while undergoing hormonal therapy (Cox p < 0.0001). While initial treatment was statistically associated with time to PCSM and all cause mortality (Cox p = 0.001 and 0.01), this association became insignificant when PSA velocity and potential confounding variables were included in the Cox model (p = 0.22 and 0.93, respectively). The adjusted HR for PCSM in patients who experienced a greater than 1.5 ng/ml increase in PSA within 1 year while on hormonal therapy was 239 (95% CI 10 to 5,549). Conclusions: These data provide evidence to support PSA velocity greater than 1.5 ng/ml yearly as a surrogate end point for PCSM in patients with nonmetastatic, hormone refractory prostate cancer. Enrolling these men onto clinical trials evaluating the impact of chemotherapy on time to bone metastases and PCSM is warranted. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg & Urol Serv, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Stat, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP D'Amico, AV (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, 75 Francis St,L-2 Level, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM adamico@lroc.harvard.edu NR 20 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 173 IS 5 BP 1572 EP 1576 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000157569.59229.72 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 918RC UT WOS:000228564300027 PM 15821488 ER PT J AU Hick, EJ Morey, AF Harriss, RA Morris, MS AF Hick, EJ Morey, AF Harriss, RA Morris, MS TI Gelatin matrix treatment of complex renal injuries in a porcine model SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE trauma; kidney; swine; gelatin matrix; hemostasis ID ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY; THROMBIN TISSUE SEALANT; HEMOSTATIC SEALANT; PARTIAL NEPHRECTOMY; VASCULAR-SURGERY; STAB WOUNDS; FLOSEAL; AGENT AB Purpose: We developed a complex porcine renal laceration model at our laboratory to test the efficacy of an abbreviated, sutureless treatment regimen using FloSeal gelatin matrix hemostatic sealant (Baxter Healthcare Corp., Fremont, California). We evaluated the influence of preliminary renal arterial occlusion on hemostatic efficacy and assessed the risk of delayed hematoma or urinoma formation after treatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 21 commercial swine underwent celiotomy with creation of a complex upper pole renal injury using a 4 X 4 cm cruciate press instrument. The injury was uniformly produced at the caudal extent of the upper third portion of the left kidney. Subjects were prospectively randomized into 3 treatment groups. Experimental animals were treated with the application of gelatin matrix with (7 in group 1) or without (7 in group 2) preliminary renal arterial occlusion. Control subjects (7 in group 3) were treated with conventional horizontal mattress sutured gelatin sponge bolsters over the capsular injury. Operative blood loss, time to hemostasis and volume of gelatin matrix required for hemostasis were compared among the groups. Abdominal computerized tomography with intravenous contrast medium was performed in each animal 7 days postoperatively. Results: Gelatin matrix use resulted in significantly less mean blood loss (80.7 and 99.0 ml in groups I and 2, respectively) vs conventional suture treatment (191.8 ml in group 3, p = 0.036). Time to hemostasis was similarly decreased (1.1, 2 to 2.5 and 5.8 minutes in groups 1 to 3, respectively, p = 0.009). Followup abdominal computerized tomography with contrast medium revealed no clinically significant perinephric fluid collections (greater than 2 cm). Conclusions: FloSeal gelatin matrix hemostatic sealant provided effective hemostasis after complex renal injury with and without preliminary vascular control. No delayed bleeding or clinically significant urinoma formation was noted. These findings suggest a possible increased role for FloSeal gelatin matrix in renal salvage surgery. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM allen.morey@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 173 IS 5 BP 1801 EP 1804 DI 10.1097/01.ju.0000154346.01125.77 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 918RC UT WOS:000228564300075 PM 15821591 ER PT J AU Chen, XM Rock, MT Hammonds, J Tartaglia, J Shintani, A Currier, J Slike, B Crowe, JE Marovich, M Spearman, P AF Chen, XM Rock, MT Hammonds, J Tartaglia, J Shintani, A Currier, J Slike, B Crowe, JE Marovich, M Spearman, P TI Pseudovirion particle production by live poxvirus human immunodeficiency virus vaccine vector enhances humoral and cellular immune responses SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS; CD8(+) T-CELLS; HIV VACCINE; CROSS-PRESENTATION; UNINFECTED VOLUNTEERS; MEMBRANE-BINDING; BALB/C MICE; GAG; ENV; PROTEIN AB Live-vector-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines are an integral part of a number of HIV vaccine regimens currently under evaluation. Live vectors that carry an intact gag gene are capable of eliciting HIV pseudovirion particle formation from infected host cells. The impact of pseudovirion particle formation on the immune response generated by live HIV vaccine vectors has not been established. In this study, a canarypox HIV vaccine candidate vector expressing HIV gag and env genes, vCP205, was modified by the introduction of a glycine-to-alanine coding change in the N-terminal myristylation site of gag to create Myr(-) vCP205. This substitution effectively eliminated particle formation without altering the level of protein production. vCP205 and Myr- vCP205 were then directly compared for the ability to induce HIV-specific immune responses in mice. The particle-competent vector vCP205 elicited higher levels of CD8(+) T-cell responses, as indicated by gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay and intracellular cytokine staining. Humoral responses to Gag and Env were also markedly higher from animals immunized with the particle-competent vector. Furthermore, HIV-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses were greater among animals immunized with the particle-competent vector. Using a human dendritic cell model of antigen presentation in vitro, vCP205 generated greater ELISPOT responses than Myr(-) vCP205. These results demonstrate that pseudovirion particle production by live-vector HIV vaccines enhances HIV-specific cellular and humoral immune responses. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Aventis Pasteur, Toronto, ON, Canada. US Mil Acad, HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. RP Spearman, P (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, D-7235 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM paul.spearman@vanderbilt.edu RI Crowe, James/B-5549-2009; OI Crowe, James/0000-0002-0049-1079; Hammonds, Jason/0000-0002-1649-9008 FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI054999, R01 AI052007, R01 AI52007, R21 AI065312] NR 49 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 79 IS 9 BP 5537 EP 5547 DI 10.1128/JVI.79.9.5537-5547.2005 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 917CH UT WOS:000228433100031 PM 15827168 ER PT J AU Brown, BK Darden, JM Tovanabutra, S Oblander, T Frost, J Sanders-Buell, E de Souza, MS Birx, DL McCutchan, FE Polonis, VR AF Brown, BK Darden, JM Tovanabutra, S Oblander, T Frost, J Sanders-Buell, E de Souza, MS Birx, DL McCutchan, FE Polonis, VR TI Biologic and genetic characterization of a panel of 60 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates, representing clades A, B, C, D, CRF01 _ AE, and CRF02 _ AG, for the development and assessment of candidate vaccines SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GP120 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; ANTIBODY-MEDIATED NEUTRALIZATION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; HIV-1/SIV CHIMERIC VIRUS; 2ND HYPERVARIABLE REGION; HIV TYPE-1; SUBTYPE-C; CORECEPTOR USAGE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SERUM NEUTRALIZATION AB A critical priority for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine development is standardization of reagents and assays for evaluation of immune responses elicited by candidate vaccines. To provide a panel of viral reagents from multiple vaccine trial sites, 60 international HIV-1 isolates were expanded in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and characterized both genetically and biologically. Ten isolates each from clades A, B, C, and D and 10 isolates each from CRF01 (-) AE and CRF02 (-) AG were prepared from individuals whose HIV-1 infection was evaluated by complete genome sequencing. The main criterion for selection was that the candidate isolate was pure clade or pure circulating recombinant. After expansion in culture, the complete envelope (gp160) of each isolate was verified by sequencing. The 50% tissue culture infectious dose and p24 antigen concentration for each viral stock were determined; no correlation between these two biologic parameters was found. Syncytium formation in MT-2 cells and CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptor usage were determined for all isolates. Isolates were also screened for neutralization by soluble CD4, a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies, and a pool of HIV-1-positive patient sera. The panel consists of 49 nonsyncytium-inducing isolates that use CCR5 as a major coreceptor and 11 syncytium-inducing isolates that use only CXCR4 or both coreceptors. Neutralization profiles suggest that the panel contains both neutralization-sensitive and -resistant isolates. This collection of HIV-1 isolates represents the six major globally prevalent strains, is exceptionally large and well characterized, and provides an important resource for standardization of immunogenicity assessment in HIV-1 vaccine trials. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Natl Inst Hlth, Div AIDS, Bethesda, MD USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. RP Polonis, VR (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, 13 Taft Court,Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM vpolonis@hivresearch.org NR 72 TC 100 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 79 IS 10 BP 6089 EP 6101 DI 10.1128/JVI.79.10.6089-6101.2005 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 922CV UT WOS:000228814400021 PM 15857994 ER PT J AU Bertolotti-Ciarlet, A Smith, J Strecker, K Paragas, J Altamura, LA McFalls, JM Frias-Staheli, N Garcia-Sastre, A Schmaljohn, CS Doms, RW AF Bertolotti-Ciarlet, A Smith, J Strecker, K Paragas, J Altamura, LA McFalls, JM Frias-Staheli, N Garcia-Sastre, A Schmaljohn, CS Doms, RW TI Cellular localization and antigenic characterization of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoproteins SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PUNTA-TORO VIRUS; LA-CROSSE VIRUS; RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; MARROW TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; LACROSSE VIRUS; UUKUNIEMI VIRUS; HANTAAN VIRUS; GOLGI RETENTION; MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN AB Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a member of the genus Nairovirus of the family Bunyaviridae, causes severe disease with high rates of mortality in humans. The CCHFV M RNA segment encodes the virus glycoproteins G(N) and G(C). To understand the processing and intracellular localization of the CCHFV glycoproteins as well as their neutralization and protection determinants, we produced and characterized monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for both G(N) and G(C). Using these MAbs, we found that G(N) predominantly colocalized with a Golgi marker when expressed alone or with G(C), while G(C) was transported to the Golgi apparatus only in the presence of G(N). Both proteins remained endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H sensitive, indicating that the CCHFV glycoproteins are most likely targeted to the cis Golgi apparatus. Golgi targeting information partly resides within the G(N) ectodomain, because a soluble version of G(N) lacking its transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains also localized to the Golgi apparatus. Coexpression of soluble versions of G(N) and G(C) also resulted in localization of soluble G(C) to the Golgi apparatus, indicating that the ectodomains of these proteins are sufficient for the interactions needed for Golgi targeting. Finally, the mucin-like and P35 domains, located at the N terminus of the G(N) precursor protein and removed posttranslationally by endoproteolysis, were required for Golgi targeting of G(N) when it was expressed alone but were dispensable when G(C) was coexpressed. In neutralization assays on SW-13 cells, MAbs to G(C), but not to G(N) prevented CCHFV infection. However, only a subset of G(C) MAbs protected mice in passive-immunization experiments, while some nonneutralizing G(N) MAbs efficiently protected animals from a lethal CCHFV challenge. Thus, neutralization of CCHFV likely depends not only on the properties of the antibody, but on host cell factors as well. In addition, nonneutralizing antibody-dependent mechanisms, such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, may be involved in the in vivo protection seen with the MAbs to G(C). C1 Univ Penn, Dept Microbiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. AlphaVax Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Doms, RW (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Microbiol, 225 Johnson Pavill,3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM doms@mail.med.upenn.edu RI Altamura, Louis/B-5668-2008; OI Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo/0000-0002-6551-1827 FU NIAID NIH HHS [T32 AI055400]; OCPHP CDC HHS [PR033269] NR 62 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 79 IS 10 BP 6152 EP 6161 DI 10.1128/JVI.79.10.6152-6161.2005 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 922CV UT WOS:000228814400027 PM 15858000 ER PT J AU Xiao, XY Gertner, G Wang, GX Anderson, AB AF Xiao, XY Gertner, G Wang, GX Anderson, AB TI Optimal sampling scheme for estimation landscape mapping of vegetation cover SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE geostatistics; global estimation; local estimation; sampling design; soil erosion; uncertainty ID REMOTE-SENSING INVESTIGATIONS; SOIL LOSS EQUATION; REGIONALIZED VARIABLES; UNCERTAINTY ASSESSMENT; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; LOCAL ESTIMATION; DESIGN; SIZE; EFFICIENCY; PROGRAM AB An optimization of a sampling design alms at decreasing costs Without losing necessary spatial information and desired precision for estimation and mapping of vegetation cover. This study concentrates on investigating optimal solutions for sampling design, considering both plot and sample size in terms of cost and variance estimated for global estimation and local landscape mapping of overall vegetation cover used in the management of soil erosion. A geostatistical method was developed based on regionalized variable theory and compared to a classical random sampling method for a case study in which optimal sampling was designed for estimating and mapping vegetation cover. Cost is introduced into the sampling design in terms of measurement time. This method has made it possible to seek optimal solutions for determining plot and sample sizes given a desired precision and allowable Survey cost budget for both local and global estimation. The results show that the geostatistical method is more cost-efficient than the classical designs because it accounts for spatial dependence of variables in the sampling design. Moreover, plot size affects kriging standard error of the local estimate more significantly than sample size, while sample size has more effect on precision of the global estimate than does plot size. C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Army Corps Engineers, CERL, Champaign, IL USA. RP Gertner, G (reprint author), Univ Illinois, W503 Turner Hall,1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gertner@uiuc.edu NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 20 IS 4 BP 375 EP 387 DI 10.1007/s10980-004-3161-z PG 13 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 980RE UT WOS:000233035100002 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The scariest place in the world: A marine returns to North Korea. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2005 VL 130 IS 8 BP 100 EP 100 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 921BD UT WOS:000228738300154 ER PT J AU Boyles, RE Flynn, TW Whitman, JM AF Boyles, RE Flynn, TW Whitman, JM TI Manipulation following regional interscalene anesthetic block for shoulder adhesive capsulitis: a case series SO MANUAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID GLENOHUMERAL ABDUCTION RANGE; FROZEN SHOULDER; DISABILITY INDEX; JOINT; PHYSIOTHERAPY; MOBILIZATION; RELEASE; MOTION; PAIN C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, AMEDDC & S Ft Sam, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Regis Univ, Denver, CO 80221 USA. RP Boyles, RE (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, AMEDDC & S Ft Sam, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM robert.boyles@amedd.army.mil NR 39 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1356-689X J9 MANUAL THER JI Man. Ther. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 10 IS 2 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.math.2004.08.002 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 938LX UT WOS:000230006000010 PM 15922238 ER PT J AU Hock, VF Marshall, OS Smothers, KW Overmann, JL AF Hock, VF Marshall, OS Smothers, KW Overmann, JL TI Evaluation of in situ pipe coating process for mitigation of lead and copper in drinking water SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article AB A new potable and cooling water supply at a hospital experienced corrosion (rust) in the drinking water distribution system. Despite efforts to prevent corrosion by adding a zinc phosphate [Zn-3(PO4)(2)] corrosion inhibitor, some corrosion persisted because of the aggressive water supply and low flow in portions of the system. An epoxy coating was applied on the waterside surfaces of the steel piping. The epoxy coating formed a protective barrier to prevent the water from contacting the steel surface. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev, CERL, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. Illinois State Water Survey, Ctr Chem & Technol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Hock, VF (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev, CERL, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 44 IS 5 BP 38 EP 42 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 928YK UT WOS:000229307800015 ER PT J AU Beekley, MD AF Beekley, Matthew D. TI Carbon Dioxide Alters The H-reflex Independent Of Hydrogen Ions SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Beekley, Matthew D.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM matt.beekley@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 2058 BP S400 EP S400 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-02057 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070302473 ER PT J AU Beidleman, BA Fulco, CS Zupan, MF Muza, SR Rock, PB Payn, T Hannon, M Cymerman, A AF Beidleman, Beth A. Fulco, Charles S. Zupan, Michael F. Muza, Stephen R. Rock, Paul B. Payn, Tamara Hannon, Megan Cymerman, Allen TI Sea Level And Moderate Altitude Residents Experience A Similar Decrement In Vo(2peak) Upon Ascent To 4300 M SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Beidleman, Beth A.; Fulco, Charles S.; Muza, Stephen R.; Rock, Paul B.; Cymerman, Allen] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA USA. [Zupan, Michael F.; Payn, Tamara; Hannon, Megan] USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. EM beth.beidleman@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 1555 BP S296 EP S296 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-01551 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070302049 ER PT J AU Crowder, TA AF Crowder, Todd A. TI Comparison Of Two Military Ensembles During A Simulated Graded, Treadmill Foot March SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Crowder, Todd A.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM todd.crowder@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 2062 BP S401 EP S401 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-02061 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070302477 ER PT J AU Dammann, G Walters, K AF Dammann, Greg Walters, Katrina TI Back Pain In An Adolescent Female Soccer Player SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dammann, Greg; Walters, Katrina] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM dammann1170@msn.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 1047 BP S202 EP S202 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-01045 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070301276 ER PT J AU Gobert, D Papazis, J Ramos, L Smalls, D AF Gobert, Denise Papazis, Janet Ramos, Lydia Smalls, Donnette TI Optimizing Recovery After Limb Loss In Military Amputee Patients: Advanced Remediation Strategies SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gobert, Denise; Papazis, Janet; Ramos, Lydia; Smalls, Donnette] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM denise.gobert@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 261 BP S50 EP S50 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00260 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300200 ER PT J AU Gutekunst, D Harman, EA Frykman, PN AF Gutekunst, David Harman, Everett A. Frykman, Peter N. TI Determinants Of 2 Mile (3.2 Km) Time With And Without A 70 Pound (32 Kg) Military Load SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gutekunst, David; Harman, Everett A.; Frykman, Peter N.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM david.gutekunst@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 2068 BP S403 EP S403 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-02067 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070302483 ER PT J AU Hauret, KG Canham-Chervak, M Canada, S Jones, BH Knapik, JJ AF Hauret, Keith G. Canham-Chervak, Michelle Canada, Sara Jones, Bruce H. Knapik, Joseph J. TI History Of Vigorous Physical Activity Among Army Recruits And Its Association With Education And Cigarette Smoking SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hauret, Keith G.; Canham-Chervak, Michelle; Canada, Sara; Jones, Bruce H.; Knapik, Joseph J.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 178 BP S31 EP S31 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00177 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300117 ER PT J AU Hubal, MJ Hoffman, EP Devaney, JM Gordish-Dressman, H Kearns, A Zambraski, E Clarkson, PM AF Hubal, Monica J. Hoffman, Eric P. Devaney, Joseph M. Gordish-Dressman, Heather Kearns, Amy Zambraski, Edward Clarkson, Priscilla M. TI Genotype Associations With Increases In Blood Creatine Kinase And Myoglobin Following Intense Eccentric Exercise SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hubal, Monica J.; Kearns, Amy; Clarkson, Priscilla M.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Hoffman, Eric P.; Devaney, Joseph M.; Gordish-Dressman, Heather] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Zambraski, Edward] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM mhubal@excsci.umass.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 883 BP S166 EP S167 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070301134 ER PT J AU Jarvis, CG AF Jarvis, Christopher G. TI Right Thigh Pain - Long Distance Running SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jarvis, Christopher G.] Gentry Hlth Clin, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. EM Christopher.Jarvis@leavenworth.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 388 BP S67 EP S67 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00387 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300253 ER PT J AU Jones, SB Knapik, JJ Sharp, MA Darakjy, S Hauret, KG Canada, S Hoedebecke, EL Bullock, SH Morrison, S Canham-Chervak, M AF Jones, Sarah B. Knapik, J. J. Sharp, M. A. Darakjy, S. Hauret, K. G. Canada, S. Hoedebecke, E. L. Bullock, S. H. Morrison, S. Canham-Chervak, M. TI The Validity Of Self-reported Physical Fitness Test Scores SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jones, Sarah B.; Knapik, J. J.; Darakjy, S.; Hauret, K. G.; Canada, S.; Hoedebecke, E. L.; Bullock, S. H.; Morrison, S.; Canham-Chervak, M.] CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Sharp, M. A.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM sarah.jones@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 525 BP S99 EP S99 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00524 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300388 ER PT J AU Knapik, J Darakjy, S Hauret, KG Canada, S Marin, R Jones, BH AF Knapik, Joseph Darakjy, Salima Hauret, Keith G. Canada, Sara Marin, Roberto Jones, Bruce H. TI Locomotor Physical Activity During United States Army Basic Combat Training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Knapik, Joseph; Darakjy, Salima; Hauret, Keith G.; Canada, Sara; Marin, Roberto; Jones, Bruce H.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM joseph.knapik@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 177 BP S31 EP S31 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00176 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300116 ER PT J AU Lester, ME Friedl, KE Isome, HM Catrambone, DE Evans, RK AF Lester, Mark E. Friedl, Karl E. Isome, Heath M. Catrambone, Daniel E. Evans, Rachel K. TI Changes In Parameters Of Bone And Body Composition In Females Undergoing U.s. Army Basic Training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lester, Mark E.; Friedl, Karl E.; Isome, Heath M.; Catrambone, Daniel E.; Evans, Rachel K.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM mark.lester@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 482 BP S90 EP S90 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00481 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300345 ER PT J AU McGraw, SM Bathalon, GP Ellison, BKBK Graff, JD Burrell, LM Carr, RE Ross, CM Williamson, DA Young, AJ AF McGraw, Susan M. Bathalon, Gaston P. Ellison, Brenda K. B. K. Graff, Julie D. Burrell, Lolita M. Carr, Richard E. Ross, Crystal M. Williamson, Don A. Young, Andrew J. TI Dieting Practices Of Soldiers In The US Army Weight Control Program SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McGraw, Susan M.; Bathalon, Gaston P.; Young, Andrew J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Ellison, Brenda K. B. K.; Graff, Julie D.; Burrell, Lolita M.; Carr, Richard E.; Ross, Crystal M.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Williamson, Don A.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. EM susan.mcgraw@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 775 BP S142 EP S142 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00773 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070301026 ER PT J AU McLellan, TM Kamimori, GH Voss, DM Bell, DG Cole, KG Johnson, D AF McLellan, Tom M. Kamimori, Gary H. Voss, David M. Bell, Doug G. Cole, Karl G. Johnson, Dagny TI Caffeine Maintains Vigilance And Improves Running Performance For Special Forces Personnel During A Night Of Sleep Loss SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McLellan, Tom M.; Bell, Doug G.] DRDC Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Kamimori, Gary H.; Johnson, Dagny] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Voss, David M.; Cole, Karl G.] New Zealand Def Force, Auckland, New Zealand. EM tom.mclellan@drdc-rddc.gc.ca NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 2070 BP S403 EP S403 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-02069 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070302485 ER PT J AU Murray, L Otterstetter, R Kamimori, GH Glickman, EL AF Murray, Leigh Otterstetter, Ronald Kamimori, Gary H. Glickman, Ellen L. TI Effect Of Aspirin On Thermal And Metabolic Variables After Cold Exposure In Healthy Males SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Murray, Leigh; Glickman, Ellen L.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Otterstetter, Ronald] Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Kamimori, Gary H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM lmurray1@kent.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 1133 BP S213 EP S213 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-01130 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070301311 ER PT J AU Pietila, DM Sharp, M Knapik, J Lopez, M Frykman, P Stevens, R Rarick, K AF Pietila, Diane M. Sharp, Marilyn Knapik, Joseph Lopez, Mary Frykman, Peter Stevens, Robert Rarick, Kevin TI Predictors Of Performance On A Mechanical Starter Replacement Task SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pietila, Diane M.; Sharp, Marilyn; Frykman, Peter; Stevens, Robert; Rarick, Kevin] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Knapik, Joseph; Lopez, Mary] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM diane.pietila@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 2069 BP S403 EP S403 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-02068 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070302484 ER PT J AU Rarick, KR Tuckow, AP Alemany, JA Staab, JS Welsh, TT Sharp, MA Kellogg, MD Nindl, BC AF Rarick, Kevin R. Tuckow, Alexander P. Alemany, Joseph A. Staab, Jeffery S. Welsh, Timothy T. Sharp, Marilyn A. Kellogg, Mark D. Nindl, Bradley C. TI Exercise Mode And Volume Differentially Affect Growth Hormone And Luteinizing Hormone Secretion Patterns SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rarick, Kevin R.; Tuckow, Alexander P.; Alemany, Joseph A.; Staab, Jeffery S.; Welsh, Timothy T.; Sharp, Marilyn A.; Kellogg, Mark D.; Nindl, Bradley C.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 1855 BP S352 EP S352 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-01854 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070302271 ER PT J AU Ruby, BC Montain, SJ Harger, SG Ham, J Gaskill, SE AF Ruby, Brent C. Montain, Scott J. Harger, Stephanie G. Ham, Julie Gaskill, Steven E. TI Effects Of Water And Water plus Electrolytes On Changes In Body Temperature, Hydration Status And Drinking Behaviors During Arduous Work SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ruby, Brent C.; Harger, Stephanie G.; Ham, Julie; Gaskill, Steven E.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Montain, Scott J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM brent.ruby@mso.umt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 169 BP S29 EP S29 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00168 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300108 ER PT J AU Smith, TJ Grediagin, A McClung, HL Friedlander, AL Young, AJ Cymerman, A AF Smith, Tracey J. Grediagin, Ann McClung, Holly L. Friedlander, Anne L. Young, Andrew J. Cymerman, Allen TI 3-methylhistidine Excretion Declines In Physically Active Males Residing At High Altitude (4300 M) For 10-days SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Smith, Tracey J.; Grediagin, Ann; McClung, Holly L.; Young, Andrew J.; Cymerman, Allen] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA USA. [Friedlander, Anne L.] VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. EM tracey.j.smith@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 1554 BP S296 EP S296 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-01550 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070302048 ER PT J AU Walters, KE Dammann, GG Lynch, JH AF Walters, Katrina E. Dammann, Gregory G. Lynch, James H. TI Exercise Intolerance in a Soldier Athlete SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Walters, Katrina E.; Dammann, Gregory G.; Lynch, James H.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 686 BP S131 EP S132 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300518 ER PT J AU Webb, HE Weldy, ML Fabianke, EC Orndorff, GR Kamimori, GH Cruse, JM Lewis, RE Acevedo, EO AF Webb, Heather E. Weldy, Michael L. Fabianke, Emily C. Orndorff, George R. Kamimori, Gary H. Cruse, Julius M. Lewis, Robert E. Acevedo, Edmund O. TI Psychological And Physical Stress Combined: Stress Hormone And Lymphocytic Responses And Relationships SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Webb, Heather E.; Weldy, Michael L.; Fabianke, Emily C.; Orndorff, George R.; Acevedo, Edmund O.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Kamimori, Gary H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Cruse, Julius M.; Lewis, Robert E.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM hwebb@olemiss.edu RI Webb, Heather/A-4219-2010 OI Webb, Heather/0000-0002-3925-9613 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 572 BP S110 EP S110 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00571 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070300435 ER PT J AU Wilburn, JR Beekley, MD AF Wilburn, James R. Beekley, Matthew D. TI Daily Caloric Requirement, Body Mass Index And Correlations With Exercise Duration, Frequency And Modality Of United States Service Academy Cadets SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wilburn, James R.; Beekley, Matthew D.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM wilburnjames@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 37 SU 5 MA 773 BP S141 EP S141 DI 10.1097/00005768-200505001-00771 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KC UT WOS:000208070301024 ER PT J AU Cote, CK Rossi, CA Kang, AS Morrow, PR Lee, JS Welkos, SL AF Cote, CK Rossi, CA Kang, AS Morrow, PR Lee, JS Welkos, SL TI The detection of protective antigen (PA) associated with spores of Bacillus anthracis and the effects of anti-PA antibodies on spore germination and macrophage interactions SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; spores protective antigen; anti-PA antibodies; immunity ID EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; IN-VITRO; TOXIN; EXPRESSION; MICE; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTION; VACCINES; STRAIN; GENES AB The protective antigen (PA) component of the anthrax toxins is an essential virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis and is the major protective immunogen. The kinetics of PA production during growth of B. anthracis, and the roles of anti-PA antibody in host immunity are not clearly defined. Production of PA by the vegetative organisms peaks during the shift from exponential to stationary phase of growth. Recently, PA was also found to be associated with spores. In our study, PA-specific mRNA was detected in spores by RT-PCR within 15-min of exposure to germinant. PA protein was detected by immunomagnetic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) on spores within I h of exposure to a germination medium and was rapidly released into the supernatant. PA was not demonstrated on ungerminated spores by RNA analysis, ECL, or spore-based anti-PA ELISA: however, it was detected on ungerminated spores by immunoelectron microscopy (immunoem). In rabbits, PA induces polyclonal antibodies (Abs) that, in addition to their anti-toxin neutralizing activities, exhibit anti-spore activities. In this study, the anti-spore effects of a human monoclonal Ab specific for PA (AVP-hPA mAb, Avanir Pharmaceuticals) were characterized. AVP-hPA mAb retarded germination in vitro, and enhanced the phagocytic and sporicidal activities of macrophages. The activities were comparable to those of the polyclonal rabbit anti-rPA Ab. Assays to detect germination inhibitory activity (GIA) in serum from vaccinated mice and guinea pigs suggested a possible role for anti-PA Abs in protection. Thus, anti-PA Ab-mediated, anti-spore activities may play a role in protection during the early stages of an anthrax infection. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Welkos, SL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St,Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM susan.welkos@amedd.army.mil RI chen, xuanlan/H-4158-2011 NR 44 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 38 IS 5-6 BP 209 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2005.02.001 PG 17 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 938ME UT WOS:000230006700003 PM 15925272 ER PT J AU Keller, RT Greenberg, N Bobo, WV Roberts, P Jones, N Orman, DT AF Keller, RT Greenberg, N Bobo, WV Roberts, P Jones, N Orman, DT TI Soldier peer mentoring care and support: Bringing psychological awareness to the front SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MENTAL-HEALTH; CONTROL DETACHMENTS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; COMBAT; TRAUMA; RISK; WAR; PSYCHIATRY; SITUATIONS AB Since the Persian Gulf War of 1990-1991, the operational tempo for soldiers has steadily increased, whereas the numbers of soldiers available to fulfill these missions has decreased. As a result, soldiers and their families are experiencing increased levels of stress that continue to manifest in ways that can often be destructive for the soldiers, their families, and the Army community. Current mitigation and identification support systems such as the Chain of Command, noncommissioned officer leadership, chaplains, and family support systems have all provided critical services, but may not be expected to optimally perform necessary early risk management assessment. Behavioral health care as a self-referral system is often still perceived as career ending, shameful, or even culturally unacceptable. Our allies have also experienced similar family, operational, and combat concerns. In 1996, at the direction of their Commandant General, the British Royal Marines developed and instituted a peer-driven risk management and support system that has experienced a high degree of success and acceptance among its forces-enough so that the Royal Navy is now in the process of implementing a similar program. The Soldier Peer Mentoring and Support program, as part of the proposed deployment Cycle Support Program, is a model for peer group assessment based on the British Royal Marines psychological risk management and support system. This article presents and describes this project, which has been considered for use within the U.S. Army, as a potential augmenter of existing behavioral health support assets as a culturally acceptable, company-level support program in deployment and home stations. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Intens Outpatient Serv, Continu Care Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Royal Navy, Acad Dept Psychol Med, GKT Sch Med, London, England. Inst Psychiat, London, England. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Def Serv Psychiat Ctr, Catterick, N Yorkshire, England. USA, Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Keller, RT (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Intens Outpatient Serv, Continu Care Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 170 IS 5 BP 355 EP 361 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 019JL UT WOS:000235831300005 PM 15974199 ER PT J AU Vos, JA Abbondanzo, SL Barekman, CL Andriko, JW Miettinen, M Aguilera, NS AF Vos, JA Abbondanzo, SL Barekman, CL Andriko, JW Miettinen, M Aguilera, NS TI Histiocytic sarcoma: a study of five cases including the histiocyte marker CD163 SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 93rd Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 06-12, 2004 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol DE histiocytic sarcoma; true histiocytic lymphoma; CD163; immunohistochemistry; gene rearrangements ID CYSTEINE-RICH FAMILY; GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCIBLE MEMBER; MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMAS; HEMOGLOBIN SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; REED-STERNBERG CELLS; B-CELL; T-CELL AB Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare but controversial hematopoietic neoplasm. In the past, malignancies have been misclassified as histiocytic tumors due to overlapping histologic features and inadequate phenotypic data. CD163, a recently characterized hemoglobin scavenger receptor, appears to be a 'specific' marker of histiocytic lineage and a promising diagnostic tool for evaluating histiocytic neoplasms. Five cases of HS were studied to further elucidate the clinicopathologic features of these rare tumors and to demonstrate the diagnostic utility of CD163. Criteria for diagnosis included histologic and immunohistochemical evidence of histiocytic differentiation, CD45 positivity, and exclusion of lymphoid, epithelial, melanocytic and dendritic cell phenotype. Sites of disease included the colon ( two cases), palate, inguinal lymph node, and testis. The clinical course was aggressive in 4/5 patients ( survival = 2 - 15 months). One patient with localized disease of the palate, survived 17 years after diagnosis. All patients with poor survival had tumors >= 3.5 cm. Histologically, all cases showed diffuse architecture with large, discohesive polygonal cells. Spindling of cells was focally noted. Hemophagocytosis was identified in 3/5 cases. A prominent inflammatory background was present in 4/5 tumors. All cases were immunoreactive for CD45, CD163, CD68, and lysozyme. S-100 was focally positive in 4/5 cases. Antibodies for melanocytic, epithelial, lymphoid, and dendritic cell markers were negative. Molecular studies showed monoclonal IgH gene rearrangements in three cases. Our findings suggest that HS is an uncommon neoplasm frequently extranodal in presentation and aggressive in behavior, with rare exceptions. Stage of disease and possibly tumor size are significant prognostic indicators. Molecular studies remain controversial in the diagnosis. The morphologic and phenotypic features are relatively uniform; however, the diagnosis requires exclusion of more common neoplasms by extensive immunophenotypic studies. CD163 appears to be a specific histiocytic marker and is important in establishing the diagnosis of HS. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hematopathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Soft Tissue Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Aguilera, NS (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hematopathol, 6825 16th St NW,Bldg 54,Rm 2051, Washington, DC 20306 USA. EM Aguilera@afip.osd.mil NR 87 TC 96 Z9 109 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 18 IS 5 BP 693 EP 704 DI 10.1038/modpathol.3800346 PG 12 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 919WW UT WOS:000228649300013 PM 15696128 ER PT J AU Newmark, J AF Newmark, J TI Nerve agents SO NEUROLOGIC CLINICS LA English DT Article ID SOMAN-INDUCED SEIZURES; TOKYO SUBWAY ATTACK; SARIN; MANIFESTATIONS AB Of the major classes of chemical warfare agents, nerve agents are of the most particular neurologic interest. These poisons act primarily as inhibitors of synaptic acetylcholinesterases, causing a rapidly progressive cholinergic crisis. The speed of onset can be so rapid, and so likely fatal in large doses, that emergent treatment becomes crucial. Although neurologists are unlikely to be the first responders providing emergent treatment, neurologists should be familiar with the pathophysiology and neurologic ramifications of the nerve-agent poisoning syndromes, not only to provide effective neurologic care but also to assist in the training of first responders. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV ZM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Publ Hlth Emergency Prepa, Washington, DC 20201 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Newmark, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV ZM, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jonathan.newmark@amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0733-8619 J9 NEUROL CLIN JI Neurol. Clin. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 23 IS 2 BP 623 EP + DI 10.1016/j.ncl.2004.12.013 PG 20 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 911UY UT WOS:000228032600016 PM 15757800 ER PT J AU Johnson, PN Bouchard, K Goetz, FA AF Johnson, PN Bouchard, K Goetz, FA TI Effectiveness of strobe lights for reducing juvenile salmonid entrainment into a navigation lock SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID ELICITING AVOIDANCE; INFRASOUND AB Strobe lights effectively reduced fish entrainment into the large locks at the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks Project in Seattle, Washington. The anadromous salmonids of the Lake Washington system, Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, coho salmon O. kisutch, sockeye salmon O. nerka, and steelhead O. inykiss, must pass through these locks en route to the Pacific Ocean. Of the available downstream passage routes, use of the large lock-filling culverts is considered the most harmful to fish because of potential entrainment contact with the barnacle-lined culvert walls. We evaluated the effectiveness of strobe lights for displacing fish from in front of the culverts and for reducing entrainment during large lock fills. From 3 May to 14 June 2002, we used split-beam hydroacoustics to estimate the number of fish entrained during paired light-on-light-off treatments. Results indicated that strobe lights significantly reduced (75%) entrainment, an estimated 1,427 fish being entrained during lights-off treatments versus 350 during lights-on. Effectiveness was also supported by t-tests on individual range strata in front of the culvert entrances: 1-m strata from the floor to 4 in above the floor indicated significant reduction in number of entrained fish during the lights-on treatments. Using strobe lights for reducing culvert entrainment probably increases juvenile salmonid survival through the locks. C1 BAE Syst, Fisheries Engn Team, Stevenson, WA 98648 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Resources Sect, Seattle, WA 98124 USA. RP Johnson, PN (reprint author), BAE Syst, Fisheries Engn Team, Box 998,40 SE Cascade St, Stevenson, WA 98648 USA. EM johnson@saw.net NR 17 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0275-5947 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 25 IS 2 BP 491 EP 501 DI 10.1577/M04-073.1 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 936ET UT WOS:000229839000008 ER PT J AU Miller, C Bernet, V Elkas, JC Dainty, L Gherman, RB AF Miller, C Bernet, V Elkas, JC Dainty, L Gherman, RB TI Conservative management of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma during pregnancy SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article AB BACKGROUND: Extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas are catecholamine-secreting tumors that arise from chromaffin cells of the paraganglion sympathetic system. All of the previously reported cases have described surgical resection during the antepartum period. CASE: At 14 weeks of gestation, a multiparous patient was diagnosed with an extra-adrenal dopaminergic pheochromocytoma. A decision was made to delay surgical intervention until the postpartum period. Phenoxybenzamine, 10 mg per day, was subsequently started. At 35 + 2 weeks of gestation, the patient delivered a 2,600 g infant via an uncomplicated cesarean. Three weeks later, the extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma was removed, and she also underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and rectosigmoid resection with end-to-end colostomy. CONCLUSION: Conservative management of dopaminergic-secreting extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas can result in favorable maternal and fetal outcomes. (c) 2005 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. C1 Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Endocrinol Diabet & Metab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Gherman, RB (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept OB GYN, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM ghermtoo@aol.com NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1185 EP 1188 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000141555.91842.c2 PN 2 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 922MS UT WOS:000228842600006 PM 15863575 ER PT J AU Yedlinsky, NT Morgan, FC Whitecar, PW AF Yedlinsky, NT Morgan, FC Whitecar, PW TI Anomalies associated with failed methotrexate and misoprostol termination SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-DOSE METHOTREXATE; PREGNANCY; EXPOSURE AB BACKGROUND: Methotrexate and misoprostol are frequently used in combination for medical termination of pregnancy. Despite their frequent use, published information about low-close exposures to these known teratogens is sparse and neonatal follow-up data are limited. We present neonatal outcomes in three infants from two different women who had failed medical terminations with methotrexate and misoprostol. CASES: A young gravida 1, para 0, presented with intrauterine pregnancy complicated by first-trimester exposure to oral methotrexate and vaginal misoprostol. Ultrasonography determined that die fetus had intrauterine growth restriction and ventriculomegaly. The infant had growth and developmental delays. A young gravida 4, para 3-0-0-3, also presented after first trimester exposure to methotrexate and misoprostol, and was found to have a twin gestation. The infants were noted to have multiple congenital anomalies, growth restriction, and developmental delay. CONCLUSION: Even single doses of methotrexate and misoprostol used in medical termination of pregnancy can be associated with multiple congenital anomalies. © 2005 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Dept Family Practice, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Yedlinsky, NT (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Dept Family Practice, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM Nicole.T.Yedlinsky@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1203 EP 1205 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000154002.26761.41 PN 2 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 922MS UT WOS:000228842600013 PM 15863582 ER PT J AU Farley, JH Heathcock, RB Branch, W Larsen, W Homas, D AF Farley, JH Heathcock, RB Branch, W Larsen, W Homas, D TI Treatment of metastatic gestational choriocarcinoma with oral methotrexate in a combat environment SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WEEKLY INTRAMUSCULAR METHOTREXATE; LOW-DOSE METHOTREXATE; TROPHOBLASTIC-DISEASE; FOLINIC ACID; CHEMOTHERAPY; THERAPY AB BACKGROUND: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. (GTN) is a rare neoplastic complication of pregnancy. This disease can be successfully treated with parenteral intravenous or intramuscular chemotherapy. We present a case of metastatic gestational choriocarcinoma following a term pregnancy that was treated successfully with oral methotrexate therapy. CASE: A 25-year-old, G4 P4, native Afghani with a history of irregular menses since the birth of her son 6 months ago received a physical examination that was within normal limits. Pelvic examination revealed minimal blood in the vault and slight bleeding from a dosed cervical os. The uterus was slightly enlarged, 5 weeks in size, and without any adnexal masses. Laboratory evaluation was significant for a positive urine and serum β-HCG. Pelvic ultrasound examination revealed a 5-cm uterus with a 2-cm endometrial stripe. Chest radiograph revealed multiple bilateral ill-defined pulmonary nodules confirmed by computerized tomography. The patient underwent dilation and curettage productive of a moderate amount of tissue. The patient continued to have positive serum β-HCGs and was given the presumptive diagnosis of FIGO stage EII gestational choriocarcinoma. Because of the lack of intravenous chemotherapeutic agents, the patient was began on methotrexate 0.40 mg/kg orally on days 1-5, with 9 days off. The patient completed one course of chemotherapy, followed by an interval total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The patient had a complete response to therapy and was treated with oral methotrexate for 2 courses after a negative serum β-HCG. The patient tolerated the chemotherapy without any complication. CONCLUSION: Methotrexate is routinely used in a parenteral intramuscular fashion for the treatment of gestational choriocarcinoma. Physicians should be aware that, in very limited situations, oral methotrexate in combination with hysterectomy still could offer a patient successful treatment for stage III GTN. © 2005 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. 325th CSH, Task Force 325 MED, Bagram, Afghanistan. Combined Joint Task Force 76, Bagram, Afghanistan. RP Farley, JH (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM john.farley@us.army.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1250 EP 1254 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000157761.18295.43 PN 2 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 922MS UT WOS:000228842600030 PM 15863599 ER PT J AU Stany, MP Winter, WE Elkas, JC Rose, GS AF Stany, MP Winter, WE Elkas, JC Rose, GS TI The use of acellular dermal graft for vulvovaginal reconstruction in a patient with lichen planus SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGENESIS AB BACKGROUND: Vulvovaginal lichen planus is an inflammatory dermatosis that can progress to an erosive form with scarring of the vulva, resorption of the labia minora, vaginal synechiae, and vaginal obliteration secondary to desquamative vaginitis. Traditionally, conservative medical therapy has consisted of topical corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. CASE: A 61-year-old woman with a history of refractory erosive vulvovaginal lichen planus presented with complete obliteration of the vaginal vault. The patient failed both medical and conservative surgical management and desired definitive management. After performing a skinning vulvectomy and simple vaginectomy, acellular dermal graft was used for grafting the vulva and creating a neovagina. CONCLUSION: Acellular dermal graft is a suitable graft material for vulvar and vaginal reconstruction in select patients, and it avoids the postoperative pain associated with graft harvest sites. © 2005 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rose, GS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM scott.rose@na.amedd.army.mil NR 8 TC 3 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1268 EP 1271 DI 10.1097/1.AOG.000159578.34892.aa PN 2 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 922MS UT WOS:000228842600037 PM 15863606 ER PT J AU Smisson, DC Diefenderfer, KE Strother, JM AF Smisson, DC Diefenderfer, KE Strother, JM TI Effects of five thermal stressing regimens on the flexural and bond strengths of a hybrid resin composite SO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID DENTAL RESTORATIVE MATERIALS; BOTTLE ADHESIVES; MARGINAL LEAKAGE; IN-VITRO; MICROLEAKAGE; TEMPERATURE; TEETH; FATIGUE; SYSTEMS; WATER AB The value of short- to medium-duration thermal stressing in the in vitro evaluation of resin composites remains questionable. C1 USA, Dent Activ, Gen Dent Program, Ft Carson, CO USA. USA, Dent Corps, Ft Carson, CO USA. Naval Hosp, Great Lakes, IL USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Prevent & Restorat Dent Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Smisson, DC (reprint author), Fisher Dent Clin, Bldg 237, Great Lakes, IL USA. EM Kim.Diefenderfer@nhgl.med.navy.mil NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPERATIVE DENTISTRY INC PI INDIANAPOLIS PA INDIANA UNIV SCHOOL DENTISTRY, ROOM S411, 1121 WEST MICHIGAN ST, INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46202-5186 USA SN 0361-7734 J9 OPER DENT JI Oper. Dent. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 30 IS 3 BP 297 EP 303 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 925VW UT WOS:000229082400006 PM 15986948 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Voloshinov, V AF Gupta, N Voloshinov, V TI Hyperspectral imaging performance of a TeO2 acousto-optic tunable filter in the ultraviolet region SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID KDP AB A compact UV hyperspectral imager can be designed with an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) installed in front of an enhanced CCD camera. Tellurium dioxide (TeO2) is the most commonly used crystal for AOTFs from 0.4 to 4 mu m. We conducted an experiment to determine the UV spectral response of an imaging TeO2 AOTF in tandem with a known KDP AOTF and obtained good-quality hyperspectral images by using the TeO2 filter down to 365 nm. We compared the performance of the TeO2 filter-based hyperspectral. imager with an imager based on a KDP filter because currently the latter is the best available material for the UV, and we found the performance of the TeO2 imager in the range 355-480 nm to be superior to that of a KDP imager. We present our experiments and the results obtained. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ngupta@arl.army.mil RI Voloshinov, Vitaly/I-6045-2012; Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 8 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2005 VL 30 IS 9 BP 985 EP 987 DI 10.1364/OL.30.000985 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 918QL UT WOS:000228562600013 PM 15906978 ER PT J AU Farman, TT Vandre, RH Pajak, JC Miller, SR Lempicki, A Farman, AG AF Farman, TT Vandre, RH Pajak, JC Miller, SR Lempicki, A Farman, AG TI Effects of scintillator on the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a digital imaging system SO ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSTIMULABLE PHOSPHOR; COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE; ACQUISITION; GENERATIONS AB Objective. To investigate the effects of 2 components (scintillator and x-ray generator) in the imaging chain on the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a charge-coupled device (CCD) digital intraoral radiographic system. Study design. Three screens composed of 3 different scintillator materials, namely europium-doped lutetium oxide transparent optical ceramic (TOC), thallium-doped cesium iodide (Csl), and terbium-doped gadolinium oxysulfide (GOS), were compared. Each was used, in turn, in conjunction with a CCD detector having a pixel dimension of 19.5 mu m. Two different x-ray generators were also used to evaluate this variable. MTF was investigated using the slanted slit method. Results. The TOC provided a good modulation response for low and middle frequencies, reducing to 0 only at a high cutoff frequency. With Csl and GOS, the system MTF dropped to 0 at a lower cutoff frequency than was the case with TOC. Hence, TOC provided higher spatial resolution than the other 2 scintillators tested under the experimental conditions applied. The differences in MTF attributed to the scintillator type were proportional and consistent. Conclusions. Despite constant pixel dimensions, MTF was affected to a considerable degree by the scintillator applied and the x-ray generator used in conjunction with the same CCD imaging device. TOC shows potential as a possible replacement for Csl and GOS as a scintillator screen material for intraoral digital x-ray imaging using a solid-state detector, providing higher spatial resolution under the given experimental conditions. C1 Univ Louisville, Sch Dent, Dept Surg & Hosp Dent, Div Radiol & Imaging Sci, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. USA, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. ALEM Associates, Boston, MA USA. Radiat Monitoring Devices Inc, Watertown, MA 02172 USA. RP Farman, TT (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Sch Dent, Dept Surg & Hosp Dent, Div Radiol & Imaging Sci, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. EM agfarm01@louisville.edu NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 1079-2104 J9 ORAL SURG ORAL MED O JI Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 99 IS 5 BP 608 EP 613 DI 10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.08.013 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 919ZA UT WOS:000228655300018 PM 15829886 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Hayda, RA AF Hepburn, MJ Dooley, DP Hayda, RA TI Minocycline-induced black bone disease SO ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; TETRACYCLINE; DOXYCYCLINE; THERAPY C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, MCMR UIM R Hepburn, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0147-7447 J9 ORTHOPEDICS JI Orthopedics PD MAY PY 2005 VL 28 IS 5 BP 501 EP 502 PG 2 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 929PI UT WOS:000229357800014 PM 15945609 ER PT J AU Melder, PC AF Melder, PC TI Simplifying video endoscopy: Inexpensive analog and digital video endoscopy in otolaryngology SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20012 USA. RP Melder, PC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,6BENT, Washington, DC 20012 USA. EM pcmelder@yahoo.com NR 1 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 132 IS 5 BP 804 EP 805 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2004.03.047 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 925LZ UT WOS:000229055900026 PM 15886640 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Myers, TM Cohn, SI Sharrow, KM Lu, XCM Tortella, FC AF Williams, AJ Myers, TM Cohn, SI Sharrow, KM Lu, XCM Tortella, FC TI Recovery from ischemic brain injury in the rat following a 10 h delayed injection with MLN519 SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE ischemic brain injury; MCAo; MLN519; neuroprotection; proteasome; stroke ID CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; PROTEASOME INHIBITOR PS-519; REDUCES INFARCTION; LEUKOCYTE INFILTRATION; MODEL; STROKE; TISSUE; INFLAMMATION; REPERFUSION; DIASCHISIS AB In the present study, we evaluated delayed treatment effects of the proteasome inhibitor and anti-inflammatory agent MLN519 (initiated 10 h post-injury) to improve recovery following ischemic brain injury in rodents. Male rats were exposed to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and treated with MLN519 (1.0 mg/kg, i.v. @ 10, 24, and 48 h post-occlusion) or vehicle. By 2 weeks post-injury, 60% (6 / 10) of vehicle animals survived, which was improved (although non-significantly) to 78% (7/9) following MLN519 treatment. The percent loss of tissue in the ipsilateral brain hemisphere (at 2 weeks) was significantly reduced from 27 +/- 4% (vehicle) to 15 4% (MLN519). MLN519 treated animals also lost significantly less body weight (39%) and showed significant improvement in overall neurological function across the 2-week recovery period. However, no significant treatment effects were observed to reduce foot-fault deficits (balance beam) or improve recovery of operant performance (active avoidance test). Overall, delayed treatment with MLN519 provided significant improvement in 3 of 6 test metrics (histopathology, body weight, and neurological dysfunction) supporting improved outcome for brain-injured subjects. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Williams, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 2A40, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM anthony.williams@na.amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 81 IS 1 BP 182 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.pbb.2005.03.011 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 932BU UT WOS:000229530000023 PM 15894077 ER PT J AU Sliney, DH AF Sliney, DH TI Exposure geometry and spectral environment determine photobiological effects on the human eye SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OCULAR-TISSUES; LIGHT-SOURCES; UV-RADIATION; DAMAGE; PHOTORECEPTOR; PHOTOPIGMENT; RETINA; LENSES; SYSTEM AB Photobiological effects upon the human retina, cornea and lens are highly dependent on the optical exposure geometry as well as spectral characteristics of the exposure. The organ of sight is exquisitely sensitive to light because it performs well in very low nighttime illumination levels and yet it also must adapt to extremely bright environments where light exposures are greater by many orders of magnitude. The eye has evolved to protect itself reasonably well against excessive exposure in bright environments. The retina is minimally exposed in extremely bright environments and the cornea and lens are surprisingly well protected in harsh environments. Although these protective mechanisms are good, they are not perfect and adverse changes from both acute and chronic exposures to sunlight still exist. The geometrical protective factors must be understood and appreciated whenever assessing potential adverse effects of environmental UV radiation and light on ocular structures. These natural ocular protective factors also work with the ever-changing spectrum of sunlight and the different spectral distribution of light and UV radiation across the eye's field of view. Spectral characteristics of the ocular media are also important. One can visualize a series of intra-ocular color filters that progressively filter shorter wavelengths and thereby aid in color vision, reduce the impact of chromatic aberrations and significantly reduce the optical radiation hazards to the lens and retina. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, MCHB,TS,OLO, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sliney, DH (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, MCHB,TS,OLO, Bldg E-1950,5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM david.sliney@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 81 IS 3 BP 483 EP 489 DI 10.1562/2005-02-14-RA-439.1 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 935CP UT WOS:000229757200002 PM 15755194 ER PT J AU Shroder, JF Cverckova, L Mulhern, KL AF Shroder, JF Cverckova, L Mulhern, KL TI Slope-failure analysis and classification: Review of a century of effort SO PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY LA English DT Review DE mass movement; slope failure; landslide; fall; topple; slide; spread; flow ID TOPPLING ROCK FAILURES; HAZARD ASSESSMENT; FLUID-PRESSURE; MASS MOVEMENT; DEBRIS-SLIDE; LANDSLIDES; AVALANCHE; HIMALAYA; HYPOTHESIS; STABILITY AB The geoscience literature is replete with bewildering descriptions and classifications resulting from a century of analysis of gravitative transfer of materials downslope. The complexity of mass-movement phenomena has led to a profusion of confusing terminology that this paper attempts to clarify. International recognition of the hazard to life and property posed by slope failure highlights the need for increased precision in its description in a quest for prediction, control, and remediation of the diverse phenomena. The most useful classifications are those that employ as their primary criteria the type of movement (e.g., fall, topple, slide, spread, flow) and the type of material (e.g., rock, debris, earth) involved, with secondary considerations of velocity and the amount and phase of H(2)O. Recently, interest has focused on the massive, subaqueous failures that can generate huge tsunamis, as well as the massive, dangerous collapses of volcanoes. Future slope-failure research is expected to incorporate quantitative and geotechnical assessments of process mechanics, including remote sensing, numerical indices and modeling, and advanced assessments of flow rheology. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Geog & Geol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. RP Shroder, JF (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Geog & Geol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. NR 148 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 20 PU BELLWETHER PUBL LTD PI COLUMBIA PA 8640 GUILFORD RD, STE 200, COLUMBIA, MD 21046 USA SN 0272-3646 J9 PHYS GEOGR JI Phys. Geogr. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 26 IS 3 BP 216 EP 247 PG 32 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 984LR UT WOS:000233306900004 ER PT J AU Shenenberger, DW AF Shenenberger, DW TI Curbing the psoriasis cascade - Therapies to minimize flares and frustration SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-BLIND; EFFICACY; CARE AB Psoriasis, a T-cell-mediated disorder, affects 1% to 3% of the world's population. The characteristic lesions occur in many different forms, can cause significant discomfort and social distress, and in some instances, lead to dehydration and metabolic derangement. A chronic, unpredictable course and the necessity of periodically switching drugs or classes of drugs make psoriasis frustrating to treat. However, topical and systemic drug therapies and phototherapy can help minimize the exacerbations and prolong remissions. In this article, Dr Shenenberger outlines treatment approaches and discusses research into the use of immunomodulatory agents. C1 USN, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium Dermatol Residency Progra, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Shenenberger, DW (reprint author), USN, 2220 Cherry Leaf Ln, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 USA SN 0032-5481 J9 POSTGRAD MED JI Postgrad. Med. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 117 IS 5 BP 9 EP 16 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 928TN UT WOS:000229294700007 PM 15948363 ER PT J AU Patenaude, KJ Tao, Z Mead, JL Stacer, RG Rodriguez, G AF Patenaude, KJ Tao, Z Mead, JL Stacer, RG Rodriguez, G TI Response of elastomeric blocks during large compression strains SO RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 166th Fall Meeting of the Rubber Division of the American-Chemical-Society CY NOV 12, 2004 CL Columbus, OH SP Amer Chem Soc ID BONDED RUBBER BLOCKS; INTERFACIAL STRESSES; RIGID PLATES; ELASTICITY; STIFFNESS AB An experimental investigation has been conducted to evaluate the response of rubber blocks under large compressive loadings. Quantitative measurements of the nonlinear behavior of two rubber compounds were tested over compressive strains ranging from 17 to 74 percent. Three distinct phenomena were observed in the deformation behavior of both materials. The first was a dramatic increase in contact area (over 130 percent) between the rubber and the platens, beginning at Strains above approximately 33 percent. This increased surface area is used to provide stress corrections in several quantitative models, and appears to physically represent a rolling flow phenomenon, similar to fountain flow in observed in polymer melts. The second and third phenomena are associated with a nonlinear normal stress distribution across the sample's surface. These two phenomena are Stress maxima and minima associated with stress singularities predicted by nonlinear elastic models. Deviations in stresses across the specimen surface of up to a factor of four are reported. It is concluded that appropriate constitutive equations describing these phenomena are required before meaningful predictive models can be developed. C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Plast Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Stacer, RG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Plast Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM ross_stacer@uml.edu NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC INC PI AKRON PA RUBBER DIV UNIV AKRON PO BOX 499, AKRON, OH 44309-0499 USA SN 0035-9475 J9 RUBBER CHEM TECHNOL JI Rubber Chem. Technol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 78 IS 2 BP 188 EP 198 DI 10.5254/1.3547877 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 946EA UT WOS:000230553900003 ER PT J AU Hmel, PJ Kennedy, A Quiles, JG Gorogias, M Seelbaugh, JP Morrissette, C Van Ness, K Reid, TJ AF Hmel, PJ Kennedy, A Quiles, JG Gorogias, M Seelbaugh, JP Morrissette, C Van Ness, K Reid, TJ TI Breakage rate for red blood cells frozen with 40 percent (wt/vol) glycerol in 800-mL polyvinylchloride plastic bags stored in rigid cardboard boxes at -80 degrees C - Reply SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Washington & Lee Univ, Dept Phys & Engn, Lexington, VA 24450 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hmel, PJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM thomas.reid@na.amedd.army.mil NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD MAY PY 2005 VL 45 IS 5 BP 823 EP 823 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.00468r.x PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 916OS UT WOS:000228395600031 ER PT J AU Stoute, JA AF Stoute, JA TI Complement-regulatory proteins in severe malaria: too little or too much of a good thing? SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; CIRCULATING IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; HUMAN CEREBRAL MALARIA; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; NITRIC-OXIDE; CLINICAL PRESENTATION; INOCULATION RATES; ERYTHROCYTE CR-1; AFRICAN CHILDREN AB Data from several laboratories suggest that erythrocyte complement-regulatory proteins, in particular complement receptor 1 (CR1), are important in the pathogenesis of severe malaria. Additional studies suggest that the levels of expression of CR1 and the complement regulator CD55 on erythrocytes vary with age, being low in young children and increasing with age. It is proposed that the interplay between the rate at which immunity develops during malaria exposure and the changes in levels of erythrocyte complement-regulatory proteins that occur with age might contribute to the differences in epidemiology of severe malaria-associated anaemia and cerebral malaria. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jose.stoute@us.army.mil FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL 7502-03] NR 60 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 21 IS 5 BP 218 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.pt.2005.03.004 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 926SD UT WOS:000229142000006 PM 15837610 ER PT J AU Sellers, CL Morey, AF Jones, LA AF Sellers, CL Morey, AF Jones, LA TI Cost and time benefits of dual implantation of inflatable penile and artificial urinary sphincter prosthetics by single incision SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROSTATECTOMY; INFECTION AB Objectives. To evaluate the efficiency, safety, and cost-effectiveness of synchronous prosthetic treatment of male urinary incontinence and impotence using a single transverse scrotal incision. Methods. A total of 92 inflatable penile prostheses (IPPs), 21 artificial urinary sphincters (AUSs), and 15 combined IPPs/AUSs were implanted in 128 men at Brooke Army Medical Center and the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. The operative times and outcomes were compared among three groups (group 1, IPP; group 2, AUS; and group 3, dual IPP/AUS). We performed cost estimates of synchronous versus two-stage implant procedures. Results. Dual implantation in a single-stage procedure significantly reduced (24.7%) the operative time (P < 0.05, mean 1 13 minutes) compared with the total time for the individual procedures (IPP, average of 78 minutes; AUS, average of 72 minutes; total 150 minutes). No prosthetic infections or erosions occurred in this series. Dual implantation was associated with approximately a $7000 cost savings compared with individual procedures. Conclusions. The results of our study have shown that dual prosthetic implantation through a single incision is safe, efficient, and cost-effective. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,MCHE SDU, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM allen.morey@amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAY PY 2005 VL 65 IS 5 BP 852 EP 853 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2004.11.017 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 926QX UT WOS:000229138800004 PM 15882709 ER PT J AU Nevin, RL Niebuhr, DW Frick, KD AF Nevin, RL Niebuhr, DW Frick, KD TI Cost-minimization analysis of serologic screening policy options for US Army accession immunizations SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1098-3015 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY-JUN PY 2005 VL 8 IS 3 BP 297 EP 297 PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 918PE UT WOS:000228559300196 ER PT J AU Sterling, MC Bonner, JS Ernest, ANS Page, CA Autenrieth, RL AF Sterling, MC Bonner, JS Ernest, ANS Page, CA Autenrieth, RL TI Application of fractal flocculation and vertical transport model to aquatic sol-sediment systems SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE coagulation; fractal; collision efficiency; suspended particulate matter ID PARTICLE-SIZE SPECTRA; COLLISION FREQUENCIES; KINETICS; DIMENSIONS; FLUID; OIL; DISTRIBUTIONS; AGGREGATION AB In estuarine and coastal environments, flocculation occurs between particles of different fractal dimensions and of different densities. Questions remain concerning the level of detail required to model particle flocculation and settling in these heterogeneous systems. This paper compares the goodness of fit between two flocculation models, using measured time series particle size distribution data collected from clay, colloidal silica, emulsified crude oil, clay-crude oil, and silica-crude oil systems. The coalesced sphere (CS) flocculation model includes the effects of heterogeneous particle size and density; the modified coalesced fractal sphere (mCFS) model adds effects due to heterogeneous fractal dimension. Goodness of fit was quantified using values of a minimized objective function, the mean of the sum of the square of the relative residuals (MSSRR). For nearly all tested experimental conditions, MSSRR values varied less than 5% between the CS and mCFS flocculation models. Additionally, collision efficiency values for single-particle-type (alpha(HOMOO)) and dual-particle-type (alpha(HETT)) systems were obtained through parameter regression using the CS and mCFS models. Using the mCFS model, estimated fractal dimension (D) values obtained for clay and clay-oil systems were between 2.6 and 3.0, lower than that postulated by the CS model but higher than that estimated experimentally by the particle concentration technique. The Stokes settling velocity of a clay aggregate of a given mass is reduced with decreased fractal dimension. This results in clay-oil flocculation occurring faster than floc sedimentation in the studied hydrodynamic range. Thus, the mCFS model provides insights to the fate of spilled oil in inland and coastal waters. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Div Water Resources & Environm, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Conrad Blucher Inst Surveying & Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. RP Sterling, MC (reprint author), CEERD, EPE, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM michael.c.sterling@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 34 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD MAY PY 2005 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1818 EP 1830 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2005.02.007 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 933ZB UT WOS:000229670400015 PM 15899280 ER PT J AU Jayaraman, S Eswaramoorthy, S Ahmed, SA Smith, LA Swaminathan, S AF Jayaraman, S Eswaramoorthy, S Ahmed, SA Smith, LA Swaminathan, S TI N-terminal helix reorients in recombinant C-fragment of Clostridium botulinum type B SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Clostridium botulinum; binding domain; X-ray crystallography; three-dimensional structure; gangliosides ID RECEPTOR-BINDING DOMAIN; TETANUS TOXIN; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HEAVY-CHAIN; H-C; NEUROTOXIN; GANGLIOSIDE; INTERNALIZATION; IDENTIFICATION AB Botulinum neurotoxins comprise seven distinct serotypes (A-G) produced by Clostridium botulinum. The crystal structure of the binding domain of the botulinum neurotoxin type B (BBHc) has been determined to 2 angstrom resolution. The overall structure of BBHc is well ordered and similar to that of the binding domain of the holotoxin. However, significant structural changes occur at what would be the interface of translocation and binding domains of the holotoxin. The loop 911-924 shows a maximum displacement of 14.8 angstrom at the farthest point. The N-terminal helix reorients and moves by 19.5 angstrom from its original position. BBHc is compared with the binding domain of the holotoxin of botulinum type A and B, and the tetanus C-fragment to characterize the heavy chain-carbohydrate interactions. The probable reasons for different binding affinity of botulinum and tetanus toxins are discussed. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Swaminathan, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM swami@bnl.gov NR 32 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD APR 29 PY 2005 VL 330 IS 1 BP 97 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.02.123 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 914UP UT WOS:000228253700015 PM 15781237 ER EF