FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Wei, H Williams, A Pulcifur, A Lim, A De Souza, K Phillips, K Liao, Z Chen, R Yao, C Lu, M Tortella, F Dave, J AF Wei, H. Williams, A. Pulcifur, A. Lim, A. De Souza, K. Phillips, K. Liao, Z. Chen, R. Yao, C. Lu, M. Tortella, F. Dave, J. TI Attenuation of pro-inflammatory and apoptotic gene expression with NNZ-2566 following experimental penetrating ballistic-like brain injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 17th Meeting of the European-Neurological-Society CY JUN 16-20, 2007 CL Rhodes, GREECE SP European Neurolog Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0340-5354 J9 J NEUROL JI J. Neurol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 254 SU 3 BP 107 EP 107 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 175SN UT WOS:000247034400401 ER PT J AU Kovalskiy, A Jain, H Neilson, J Vlcek, M Waits, CM Churaman, W Dubey, M AF Kovalskiy, A. Jain, H. Neilson, J. Vlcek, M. Waits, C. M. Churaman, W. Dubey, M. TI On the mechanism of gray scale patterning of Ag-containing As2S3 thin films SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference of Solid State Chemistry CY SEP 24-29, 2006 CL Pardubice, CZECH REPUBLIC DE amorphous materials; thin films; photoelectron spectroscopy; diffusion; microstructure ID LITHOGRAPHY; DISSOLUTION; DIFFUSION; SCHEME AB We demonstrate an application of photo-induced silver diffusion into chalcogenide glass thin film for gray scale lithography. The gray scale chalcogenide glass masking layer generated in the present experiments was dry etched using reactive ion etching. The etching rate increases almost linearly with the total dose of absorbed light, thus forming the basis of gray scale lithography. Chemical composition as well as electronic structure on the surface of chalcogenide glassy film has been determined by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the film at different stages of the patterning process. Influence of thermal annealing of chalcogenide film before Ag deposition has been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XPS techniques. It is observed that thermal annealing of the chalcogenide film slows the process of silver diffusion during the proposed processing procedure. A mechanism is proposed to explain the stages of gray scale lithography based on chalcogenide glass photoresists. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Opt Technol, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Pardubice, Dept Gen & Inorganic Chem, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kovalskiy, A (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Opt Technol, 5 E Packer Ave, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM ank304@lehigh.edu RI Kovalskiy, Andriy/A-8566-2008; Neilson, James/E-8248-2010; VLCEK, Miroslav/G-1673-2015; OI Kovalskiy, Andriy/0000-0002-5014-2467; Neilson, James/0000-0001-9282-5752 NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD MAY-JUN PY 2007 VL 68 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 920 EP 925 DI 10.1016/j.jpcs.2007.01.001 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 187ZK UT WOS:000247887800050 ER PT J AU Pienkos, TE Morris, WJ Gronet, PM Cameron, SM Looney, SW AF Pienkos, Todd E. Morris, W. Jack Gronet, Peter M. Cameron, Stephen M. Looney, Stephen W. TI The strength of multiple major connector designs under simulated functional loading SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Prosthodontists CY MAY 31, 2005 CL Augusta, GA SP Amer Coll Prosthodontists ID REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES; MAXILLARY AB Statement of problem. The design of a removable dental prosthesis (RDP) must balance functional strength, comfort to the patient, and the health of the tissue. While research has been conducted to enhance the strength of major connectors, little has been done to determine if the dimensions of major connectors can be reduced in order to enhance patient comfort and tissue health. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the minimum major connector dimensions of I mandibular and 2 maxillary major connectors that would provide adequate functional strength. Material and methods. Sixty chromium-cobalt alloy (Vitallium) RDP frameworks were fabricated. The major connector designs were: a mandibular lingual bar, a maxillary palatal strap, and a maxillary anterior-posterior (A-P) palatal strap. Four groups of 5 frameworks with diminishing dimensions were fabricated for each major connector design. The lingual bar was tested at 4, 3, 2.5, and 2 mm in height, occlusogingivally, and 1.6 rum in thickness-, the palatal strap at 8, 6, 4, and 2 mm, anteroposteriorly; and the A-P palatal strap at 10 x 6, 8 x 4, 6 x 2.5, and 4 x 2 mm, anteroposteriorly. All maxillary frameworks were 0.65 mm in thickness. The frameworks were of a Kennedy Class II Mod I design with 3 widely separated vertical reference points to measure deformation. Two tests were conducted to evaluate the functional strength for each framework. The first test was masticatory simulation, or torsional force. The second test was a drop test from a height of 3 feet. Permanent deformation was then determined after each test. The Cochran-Armitage test (alpha=.05) was used for both the torsion test and the drop test. Results. A statistically significant difference in permanent deformation was found for the palatal strap design among the 4 different dimensions for the compressive test (P=.015) and the drop test (P=.044). Conclusion. It is safe to reduce the dimensions of some major connectors under normal loads. The reduced size of the connectors places the removable partial denture at increased risk for deformation when dropped from a height. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Dept Oral Rehabil, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Biostat, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. USA, Prosthodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Cameron, SM (reprint author), USA, DENTAC, Ft Campbell, KY 42223 USA. EM ProsthDir@netzero.net NR 22 TC 6 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 97 IS 5 BP 299 EP 304 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2007.04.001 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 178XW UT WOS:000247254600010 PM 17547949 ER PT J AU Chen, T Wang, JT AF Chen, Tzikang Wang, John T. TI Modeling of triangular lattice space structures with curved batten's SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 46th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference/1st AIAA Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Specialist Conference CY APR 18-21, 2005 CL Austin, TX SP AIAA, ASME, ASCE, AHS, ASC ID FINITE-ELEMENT; STRENGTH AB Lightweight triangular lattice beams containing longerons, curved battens, and diagonals have been selected for many space structure applications, such as the supporting booms of future solar sails. The curved battens provide the flexibility needed for the booms to be twisted (coiled) and compressed to a small packing volume for reducing the launch cost. An integrated modeling technique for the analysis of triangular lattice beams with curved battens is presented. This modeling technique is used to simulate the assembly process of a lattice beam and to account for the assei ably induced prestresses as well as the curvature of the battens in the subsequent loading response analysis. A key element of this integrated modeling technique is the implementation of a nonlinear cable-pulley element in a general-purpose finite. element code. Finite element models representing different assembled-structure configurations were developed for investigating the effects of design variations on the load-carrying capabilities,. The results indicate that both the curvature of the battens and the prestress state need to be modeled correctly for an accurate prediction of structural response. It is also shown that the loading capabilities of lattice beams can be, significantly reduced if the cable diagonals are not constrained and are allowed to slide freely at the batten-longeron joints. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Vehicle Technol Directorate, USA,Res Lab,Computat Struct & Mat Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Chen, T (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Vehicle Technol Directorate, USA,Res Lab,Computat Struct & Mat Branch, MS 188E, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAY-JUN PY 2007 VL 44 IS 3 BP 538 EP 544 DI 10.2514/1.22628 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 179AP UT WOS:000247262000005 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Andreas, EL Weatherly, JW Pettit, CL Patton, EG Sullivan, PP AF Wilson, D. Keith Andreas, Edgar L. Weatherly, John W. Pettit, Chris L. Patton, Edward G. Sullivan, Peter P. TI Characterization of uncertainty in outdoor sound propagation predictions SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT InterNoise 2006 Conference CY 2006 CL Honolulu, HI ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; ATMOSPHERE; MODEL AB Predictive skill for outdoor sound propagation is assessed using high-resolution atmospheric fields from large-eddy simulations (LES). Propagation calculations through the full LES fields are compared to calculations through subsets of the LES fields that have been processed in typical ways, such as mean vertical profiles and instantaneous vertical profiles synchronized to the sound propagation. It is found that. mean sound pressure levels can be predicted with low errors from the mean profiles, except in refradtive shadow regions. Prediction of sound pressure levels for short-duration events is much less accurate, with errors of 8-10 dB for near-ground propagation being typical. (c) 2007 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USN Acad, Dept Aerosp Engn, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM d.keith.wilson@erdc.usace.army.mil; edgar.l.andreas@erdc.usace.army.mil; john.w.weatherly@erdc.usace.army.mil; petitcl@usna.edu; patton@ucar.edu; pps@ucar.edu RI Pettit, Chris/A-1073-2010; Patton, Edward/K-3607-2012; Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012; OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871; Patton, Edward/0000-0001-5431-9541 NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 121 IS 5 BP EL177 EP EL183 DI 10.1121/1.2716159 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 166KS UT WOS:000246378200054 PM 17550200 ER PT J AU Walden, BE Surr, RK Cord, MT Grant, KW Van Summers Dittberner, AB AF Walden, Brian E. Surr, Rauna K. Cord, Mary T. Grant, Ken W. Van Summers Dittberner, Andrew B. TI The robustness of hearing aid microphone preferences in everyday listening environments SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Convention of the American-Academy-of-Audiology CY APR 05-08, 2006 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Amer Acad Audiol DE directional microphones; everyday listening environments; hearing aids; microphone preference AB Automatic directionality algorithms currently implemented in hearing aids assume that hearing-impaired persons with similar hearing losses will prefer the same microphone processing mode in a specific everyday listening environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the robustness of microphone preferences in everyday listening. Two hearing-impaired persons made microphone preference judgments (omnidirectional preferred, directional preferred, no preference) in a variety of everyday listening situations. Simultaneously, these acoustic environments were recorded through the omnidirectional and directional microphone processing modes. The acoustic recordings were later presented in a laboratory setting for microphone preferences to the original two listeners and other listeners who differed in hearing ability and experience with directional microphone processing. The original two listeners were able to replicate their live microphone preferences in the laboratory with a high degree of accuracy. This suggests that the basis of the original live microphone preferences were largely represented in the acoustic recordings. Other hearing-impaired and normal-hearing participants who listened to the environmental recordings also accurately replicated the original live omnidirectional preferences; however, directional preferences were not as robust across the listeners. When the laboratory rating did not replicate the live directional microphone preference, listeners almost always expressed no preference for either microphone mode. Hence, a preference for omnidirectional processing was rarely expressed by any of the participants to recorded sites where directional processing had been preferred as a live judgment and vice versa. These results are interpreted to provide little basis for customizing automatic directionality algorithms for individual patients. The implications of these findings for hearing aid design are discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. CN ReSound N Amer, Audit Res Lab, Glenview, IL USA. RP Walden, BE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM brian.walden@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD AUDIOLOGY PI RESTON PA 11730 PLAZA DR, STE 300, RESTON, VA 20190 USA SN 1050-0545 J9 J AM ACAD AUDIOL JI J. Am. Acad. Audiol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 18 IS 5 BP 358 EP 379 DI 10.3766/jaaa.18.5.2 PG 22 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 191ON UT WOS:000248140800002 PM 17715647 ER PT J AU Sparling, MJD Hong, CH Brahim, JS Moss, J Darling, TN AF Sparling, Maj Joshua D. Hong, Chien-Hui Brahim, Jaime S. Moss, Joel Darling, Thomas N. TI Oral findings in 58 adults with tuberous sclerosis complex SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GINGIVAL OVERGROWTH; COWDENS DISEASE; LESIONS; NEOPLASIA; MARKER AB Background: Gingival fibromas and dental pitting are among the diagnostic criteria for tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Objective: Our goal was to document the oral findings in 58 adult patients with TSC. Results: Forty patients (69%) had oral fibromas, appearing mostly on the attached or interdental gingiva. Other oral mucosal sites with fibromas included buccal and labial mucosa, the Superior labial frenulum, palate, and tongue. In all, 56 patients (97%) had multiple dental enamel pits. Limitations: This case series comprised predominantly adult women with TSC and lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Conclusions: Oral fibromas in TSC are mostly, but not exclusively, gingival. Dental pits are present in nearly all patients. The multiple oral papules in TSC may appear similar to those observed in Cowden syndrome, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, and rarely in Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium Residency Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NHLBI, Pulm Crit Care Med Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Darling, TN (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM tdarling@usuhs.mil OI Darling, Thomas/0000-0002-5161-1974 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 HL002541-12]; NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA100907-03, R01 CA100907, R01 CA100907-01A1, R01 CA100907-02] NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 56 IS 5 BP 786 EP 790 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.11.019 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 161UJ UT WOS:000246041400009 PM 17239986 ER PT J AU Xia, Y Darling, TN AF Xia, Yang Darling, Thomas N. TI Rapidly growing collagenomas in multiple endocrine neoplasia type I SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; CUTANEOUS TUMORS; TISSUE; SKIN; ANGIOFIBROMAS; PREVALENCE; MARKER; MEN1 AB Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN-I) frequently develop skin lesions including collagenomas, angiofibromas, and lipomas. We report a patient with MEN-I who exhibited rapid growth of multiple collagenomas after pancreatic enucleation of a vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting tumor (VIPoma) and excision of multiple pancreatic masses. Five of the collagenomas were protuberant, with the bulk of the lesion protruding above the skin. Histologic analysis of the collagenomas revealed broad collagen bundles in a haphazard arrangement and decreased elastic fibers. Rapid growth of protuberant collagenomas appears to be unusual in MEN-I, but we suggest that MEN-I be considered in patients with apparent eruptive collagenoma. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium, Dept Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Darling, TN (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM tdarling@usuhs.mil OI Darling, Thomas/0000-0002-5161-1974 NR 22 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 56 IS 5 BP 877 EP 880 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.11.005 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 161UJ UT WOS:000246041400025 PM 17188781 ER PT J AU Henning, JS Gruson, LM Strober, BE AF Henning, Jeffery S. Gruson, Lisa M. Strober, Bruce E. TI Reconsidering fiver biopsies during methotrexate therapy SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID LIVER BIOPSIES; PSORIASIS; FIBROSIS C1 NYU, Sch Med, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, New York, NY 10016 USA. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Strober, BE (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Ronald O Perelman Dept Dermatol, 550 1St Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM strober@nyc.rr.com NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 56 IS 5 BP 893 EP 894 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.12.005 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 161UJ UT WOS:000246041400034 PM 17437899 ER PT J AU Spillane, AP Xia, CPTY Sniezek, LCDRPJ AF Spillane, Anne P. Xia, C. P. T. Yang Sniezek, L. C. D. R. Patrick J. TI Drug-induced lupus erythematosus in a patient treated with adalumimab SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; ETANERCEPT; INFLIXIMAB C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Natl Capital Consortium, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Xia, CPTY (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Natl Capital Consortium, Clin 1J,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM s4yxia@yahoo.com NR 9 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 56 IS 5 SU S BP S114 EP S116 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.01.040 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 163CJ UT WOS:000246136000018 PM 17434034 ER PT J AU Ricciardi, R Talbot, LA AF Ricciardi, Richard Talbot, Laura A. TI Use of bioelectrical impedance analysis in the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of overweight and obesity SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS LA English DT Article DE bioelectrical impedance analysis; body composition; obesity; primary care ID AIR-DISPLACEMENT PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; BODY-COMPOSITION ASSESSMENT; FAT-FREE MASS; TO-HIP RATIO; WEIGHT-LOSS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; RELIABILITY; MANAGEMENT; CHILDREN AB Purpose: To present an overview of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and to familiarize nurse practitioners (NPs) with the potential benefits of using BIA in prevention, monitoring, and long-term follow-up of healthy individuals and those with chronic conditions (e.g., obesity). Data sources: Original research articles and comprehensive review articles identified through Medline, CINAHL, OVID, and electrical engineering databases. Conclusions: Obtaining serial measurements of percent body fat using BIA can identify patients at greatest health risk and gives NPs an additional tool to assess treatment response in patients seeking to lose or maintain body weight and/or increase muscle mass. Implications for practice: Traditionally, height/weight tables and body mass index have been used to assess body composition and diagnose overweight and obesity. More recently, BIA has emerged as a portable and simple-to-operate instrument to evaluate body composition in the clinical setting. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20012 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Nursing, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Ricciardi, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, POB 59645,Walter Reed Stn, Washington, DC 20012 USA. EM rricciardi@usuhs.mil; ltalbot@usuhs.mil NR 44 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1041-2972 J9 J AM ACAD NURSE PRAC JI J. Am. Acad. Nurse Pract. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 19 IS 5 BP 235 EP 241 DI 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2007.00220.x PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Nursing GA 163ZM UT WOS:000246202000004 PM 17489956 ER PT J AU Gamble, CS Jacobsen, KO Leffel, EK Pitt, MLM AF Gamble, Christopher S. Jacobsen, Kenneth O. Leffel, Elizabeth K. Pitt, M. Louise M. TI Use of a low-concentration heparin solution to extend the life of central venous catheters in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; TETHERING SYSTEM; VERVET MONKEYS; VALUES; BLOOD AB Normal hematologic values for African green monkeys have been reported, but these results are confounded by the effect of chemical restraint (for example, ketamine), physical restraint, and capture stress. The dual-lumen central venous catheter, jacket, and tether combination we describe here allows intravenous fluid administration and repeated blood sampling without the use of anesthesia or inducing capture-related stress. The use of a low-concentration heparin solution for catheter maintenance significantly increased the mean patency time, compared with a saline-only catheter flush solution. Adding a low-concentration heparin solution creates a suitable system for serial blood collection in the African green monkey for as long as 25 d. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Gamble, CS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Vet Med Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM scott.gamble@det.amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 46 IS 3 BP 58 EP 60 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 168OZ UT WOS:000246535200011 PM 17487955 ER PT J AU Florian, J Gao, L Zhukhovskyy, V MacMillan, DK Chiarelli, MP AF Florian, Jan Gao, Lan Zhukhovskyy, Vladimir MacMillan, Denise K. Chiarelli, M. Paul TI Nitramine anion fragmentation: A mass spectrometric and ab initio study SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID DESORPTION ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; NITRATE ESTER EXPLOSIVES; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; ENERGETIC COMPOUNDS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CYCLIC NITRAMINES; CAPTURE DETECTION; ANAEROBIC SLUDGE; BIODEGRADATION; METABOLITES AB The fragment ion formation characteristics of the radical anions generated from hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitrotriazine (RDX) and its three nitroso metabolites were studied using GC/MS with negative chemical ionization (NCI) to understand the fragmentation mechanisms responsible for the formation of the most abundant ions observed in their NCI mass spectra. Ab initio and density functional theory calculations were used to calculate relative free energies for different fragment ion structures suggested by the m/z values of the most abundant ions observed in the NCI mass spectra. The NCI mass spectra of the four nitramines are dominated by ions formed by the cleavage of nitrogen-nitrogen and carbon-nitrogen bonds in the atrazine ring. The most abundant anions in the NCI mass spectra of these nitramines have the general formulas C2H4N3O (m/z 86) and C2H4N3O2 (m/z 102). The analyses of isotope-labeled standards indicate that these two ions are formed by neutral losses that include two exocylic nitrogens and one atrazine ring nitrogen. Our calculations and observations of the nitramine mass spectra suggest that the m/z 86 and m/z 102 ions are formed from either the (M-NO)(-) or (M-NO2)(-) fragment anions by a single fragmentation reaction producing neutral losses of CH2N2O or CH2N2O2 rather than a set of sequential reactions involving neutral losses of HNO2 or HNO and HCN. C1 Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. USACE, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Envir4onm Chem Branch, Omaha, NE USA. RP Chiarelli, MP (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, 1068 W Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. EM mchiare@luc.edu RI Florian, Jan/E-1554-2012 OI Florian, Jan/0000-0003-2669-4293 NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 18 IS 5 BP 835 EP 841 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2007.01.009 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 164MG UT WOS:000246237300004 PM 17317211 ER PT J AU Delori, FC Webb, RH Sliney, DH AF Delori, Francois C. Webb, Robert H. Sliney, David H. TI Maximum permissible exposures for ocular safety (ANSI 2000), with emphasis on ophthalmic devices SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID SCANNING LASER OPHTHALMOSCOPE; PIGMENT EPITHELIAL-CELLS; LIGHT-SOURCES; OPTICAL RADIATION; IN-VIVO; HAZARDS; THRESHOLDS; DAMAGE; EYE; GUIDELINES AB After discussing the rationale and assumptions of the ANSI Z136.1-2000 Standard for protection of the human eye from laser exposure, we present the concise formulation of the exposure limits expressed as maximum permissible radiant exposure (in J/cm(2)) for light overfilling the pupil. We then translate the Standard to a form that is more practical for typical ophthalmic devices or in vision research situations, implementing the special qualifications of the Standard. The safety limits are then expressed as radiant power (watts) entering the pupil of the eye. Exposure by repetitive pulses is also addressed, as this is frequently employed in ophthalmic applications. Examples are given that will familiarize potential users with this format. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Schepens Eye Res Inst, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Schepens Eye Res Inst, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Wellman Ctr Photomed, Boston, MA 02114 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Delori, FC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Schepens Eye Res Inst, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM francois.delori@schepens.harvard.edu FU NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY14165, R01 EY008511, R01 EY14106] NR 52 TC 166 Z9 170 U1 3 U2 30 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 24 IS 5 BP 1250 EP 1265 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.24.001250 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 160II UT WOS:000245933700003 PM 17429471 ER PT J AU Perkins, JG Schreiber, MA Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Perkins, Jeremy G. Schreiber, Martin A. Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI Early versus late recombinant factor VIIa in combat trauma patients requiring massive transfusion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 65th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 28-30, 2006 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE trauma; penetrating; recombinant factor VIIa; blood transfusion; massive transfusion; combat; coagulopathy ID ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; MAJOR TRAUMA; HEMORRHAGE; COAGULOPATHY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; THERAPY; DEATH AB Background. Coagulopathy is a consequence of severe trauma, especially in massively transfused patients (>= 10 units of red blood cells in 24 hours), and is associated with increased mortality. We hypothesized that recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) administered to massive transfusion patients before transfusion of 8 units of blood (early) would reduce transfusion requirements compared with rFVIIa after 8 units (late). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records for trauma admissions to combat support hospitals in Iraq between January 2004 and October 2005. Patients requiring a massive transfusion and receiving rFVIIa were identified. Groups were divided into those who received rFVIIa early or late. Results: Of 5,334 trauma patients (civilian and military), 365 (6.8%) required massive transfusion. Of these, 117 (32%) received rFVIIa. Complete records for blood transfusions were available for 61 patients: 90% had penetrating trauma, 17 received rFVIIa early, and 44 received it late. At admission, temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale score, base deficit, hemoglobin, platelets, prothrombin time/International Normalized Ratio, and Injury Severity Score were similar in both groups as were administered units of fresh frozen plasma, fresh whole blood, cryoprecipitate (cryo), and crystalloid. The early rFVIIa group required fewer units of blood during the first 24-hour period (mean 20.6 vs. 25.7, p = 0.048) and fewer units of stored red blood cells (mean 16.7 vs. 21.7, p = 0.049). Early and late mortality (33.3% vs. 34.2%, p = NS), acute respiratory distress syndrome (5.9 vs. 6.8 %, p = NS), infection (5.9 % vs. 9.1 %, p = NS), and thrombotic events (0 % vs. 2.3 %, p = NS) were similar. Conclusions: Early administration of rFVIIa decreased red blood cell use by 20% in trauma patients requiring massive transfusion. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hematol Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Trauma Crit Care Sect, Portland, OR 97201 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Perkins, JG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hematol Oncol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jeremy.perkins1@us.army.mil NR 33 TC 70 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2007 VL 62 IS 5 BP 1095 EP 1099 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31804798a4 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 168OF UT WOS:000246533200006 PM 17495707 ER PT J AU Polyakov, AY Smirnov, NB Govorkov, AV Vdovin, VI Markov, AV Shlensky, AA Prebble, E Hanser, D Zavada, JM Pearton, SJ AF Polyakov, A. Y. Smirnov, N. B. Govorkov, A. V. Vdovin, V. I. Markov, A. V. Shlensky, A. A. Prebble, Ed Hanser, Drew Zavada, J. M. Pearton, S. J. TI Properties of Fe-doped, thick, freestanding GaN crystals grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-MOBILITY TRANSISTORS; UNDOPED ALGAN/GAN HEMTS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FILMS; PASSIVATION; POWER; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; PERFORMANCE; SC2O3; MGO AB The electrical properties, deep level spectra, optical transmission, and luminescence spectra were measured on freestanding GaN crystals grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy. The samples are semi-insulating n type with room temperature resistivity of 3.8 X 10(9) Omega cm and high. electron mobility of 715 cm(2)/V s. The Fermi level in these samples is pinned by a Fe-related level near E-c-0.57 eV that could be due to the Fe2+/Fe3+, transition. This level manifests itself also as a strong blue luminescence band peaked near 2.85 eV. An additional Fe-related band with optical threshold near 1.6 eV is observed in optical transmission spectra. The samples are paramagnetic, suggesting an absence of significant Fe precipitation. (c) 2007 American Vacuum Society. C1 Inst Rare Met, Moscow 119017, Russia. Kyma Technologies Inc, Raleigh, NC 27617 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Polyakov, AY (reprint author), Inst Rare Met, B Tolmachevsky 5, Moscow 119017, Russia. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Smirnov, Nickolai/K-8935-2015; Вдовин, Владимир/R-6595-2016 OI Smirnov, Nickolai/0000-0002-4993-0175; Вдовин, Владимир/0000-0002-0952-5335 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 14 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 2007 VL 25 IS 3 BP 686 EP 690 DI 10.1116/1.2718962 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 183CW UT WOS:000247551300004 ER PT J AU Diniz, PPVP Beall, M Chandrashekarl, R Daniluk, D Cyr, K Koterski, JF Robbins, RG Konialestewa, P Hegarty, B Breitschwerdt, EB AF Diniz, P. P. V. P. Beall, M. Chandrashekarl, R. Daniluk, D. Cyr, K. Koterski, J. F. Robbins, R. G. Konialestewa, P. Hegarty, B. Breitschwerdt, E. B. TI Pathogens in rhipicephalus sanguineus infested dogs from the southwestern united states. SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC USA. IDEXX Labs, Westbrook, ME USA. USAMRIID, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, DPMIA AFPMB, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Hopi Vet Serv, Polaca, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE PI LAKEWOOD PA 1997 WADSWORTH BOULEVARD, STE A, LAKEWOOD, CO 80214-5293 USA SN 0891-6640 J9 J VET INTERN MED JI J. Vet. Intern. Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 3 MA 191 BP 625 EP 625 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 167EY UT WOS:000246435200221 ER PT J AU Shah, M Zhu, KM Palmer, RC Jatoi, I Shriver, C Wu, HY AF Shah, Mona Zhu, Kangmin Palmer, Richard C. Jatoi, Ismail Shriver, Craig Wu, Hongyu TI Breast, colorectal, and skin cancer screening practices and family history of cancer in US women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SELF-REPORTS; RISK; GUIDELINES; ADHERENCE; VALIDITY; BEHAVIOR; MELANOMA; PARTICIPATION; PREVENTION AB Background: Several national medical organizations recommend more intensive screening or screening at an earlier age for individuals with a family history of breast, colorectal, or skin cancer. This study examined whether women with a family history of cancer were more likely to use breast, colorectal, or skin cancer screenings compared with those without such a family history. Methods: The data for this study came from female respondents who participated in the 2000 National Health Interview Survey. The age range of the study subjects and the definitions of cancer screening were determined based on the American Cancer Society recommendations on cancer screening. Results: When compared with women without a family history of breast cancer, women with a family history were more likely to undergo a screening mammogram. Women who had a family history of colorectal cancer were twice as likely to use colorectal cancer screening than women without a family history of colorectal cancer. The association of family history with colorectal and breast cancer screening was stronger among the younger age group for which a screening test is recommended if one has such a family history. The association between skin cancer screening and family history of skin cancer was significant only in younger women. Conclusions: Women with a family history of cancer were more likely to have colorectal, breast, and skin cancer screening examinations. This may be a result of more physicians' recommendations and higher personal motivation for getting cancer screening, suggesting that the efficacy of national guidelines has been increasing somewhat. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, United State Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Shah, M (reprint author), Amer Canc Soc, 901 E St NW,Suite 500, Washington, DC 20004 USA. EM mona.shah@cancer.org NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAY PY 2007 VL 16 IS 4 BP 526 EP 534 DI 10.1089/jwh.2006.0108 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 171DD UT WOS:000246714200011 PM 17521256 ER PT J AU Poropatich, RK AF Poropatich, Ronald K. TI Advanced Telemedicine technology: Battlefield robots, e-ICU's, and more clinical applications at home and abroad SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAY PY 2007 VL 16 IS 4 BP 571 EP 571 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 171DD UT WOS:000246714200040 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, Edwin B. TI Scorpion down: Sunk by the Soviets, buried by the Pentagon; The untold story of the USS Scorpion SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2007 VL 132 IS 8 BP 91 EP 91 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 164IO UT WOS:000246227300146 ER PT J AU Taylor, SF Ackermann, BT AF Taylor, Shawn F. Ackermann, Bret T. TI Civil affairs augmentation of special forces units greatly enhance MEDRETE impact SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILITARY OPERATIONS; CENTRAL-AMERICA; EL-SALVADOR; CARE; LESSONS; WAR AB Medical readiness education and training exercises (MEDRETEs) provide acute, primary, and preventative medicine services to populations in countries other than the United States. MEDRETEs provide training in deployment, redeployment, austere environment medicine, supply, security, and defense for our active duty and reserve component personnel. MEDRETEs also improve public relations, advance U.S. foreign policy, and build confidence in the partner nation services. This article documents the great increase in ability to see multiple patients provided when a Special Forces unit is augmented by assistance from Civil Affairs attachments. C1 7th Special Forces Grp Airborne, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Taylor, SF (reprint author), 7th Special Forces Grp Airborne, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 466 EP 470 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800005 PM 17521091 ER PT J AU Fernald, JP Clawson, EA AF Fernald, John P. Clawson, Elizabeth A. TI The Mobile Army Surgical Hospital humanitarian assistance mission in Pakistan: The primary care experience SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISASTER; RELIEF AB Military surgical field hospitals are frequently deployed for humanitarian missions. Current Department of Defense doctrine and World Health Organization policy question the appropriateness of their use, because the majority of patients require nonsurgical care. We describe our experiences during the deployment of a mobile army surgical hospital in response to the October 8, 2005, earthquake in Pakistan. More than 20,000 patients received care during a 4-month period. An initially high surgical workload quickly decreased while the volume of primary care patients increased, eventually accounting for 90% of patient visits. Our experience supports deploying primary care-oriented units for humanitarian missions. C1 Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, APO, AE 09180 USA. Baumholder US Army Hlth Clin, APO, AE 09034 USA. RP Fernald, JP (reprint author), Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, APO, AE 09180 USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 471 EP 477 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800006 PM 17521092 ER PT J AU Rajasekariah, GHR Smithyman, AM Gupta, RK Martin, SK AF Rajasekariah, G-Halli R. Smithyman, Anthony M. Gupta, Raj K. Martin, Samuel K. TI The utility of exoantigens for detection of Leishmania infections SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; ANTIGENS; BRAZIL AB Exoantigens released by Leishmania promastigotes were the subject of a workshop held in Mombasa, Kenya. Investigators from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (Silver Spring, Maryland) met with scientists from government and academic institutes and industry to review the current global status of leishmaniasis and to explore the potential role of exoantigens in the detection of Leishmania in the vertebrate host and arthropod vector. Some encouraging data, particularly in the immunodiagnosis of leishmaniasis, were shared. The participants concluded that the meeting provided a unique opportunity for investigators working on various aspects of the problem to network and to forge productive collaborations that could potentially lead to the development of more-effective tools to counter this persistent and expanding threat. They recommended periodic meetings to assess interval progress, to revise timelines, and to set achievable goals. The meeting also highlighted the importance of Leishmania infection in the 21st century, with more movement of people from disease-endemic to non-disease-endemic countries. Increased incidence and geographic spread of leishmaniasis emphasize the need for better and more reliable detection methods. Exoantigen-based diagnostic devices hold promise in this direction. C1 Cellabs Pty Ltd, Brookvale, NSW 2001, Australia. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Unit 64109, USA Med Res Unit Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Rajasekariah, GHR (reprint author), Cellabs Pty Ltd, Brookvale, NSW 2001, Australia. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 482 EP 485 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800008 PM 17521094 ER PT J AU Psolka, M Bower, KS Brooks, DB Donnelly, SJ Iglesias, M Rimm, WR Ward, TP AF Psolka, Maximilian Bower, Kraig S. Brooks, Dain B. Donnelly, Steven J. Iglesias, Melissa Rimm, William R. Ward, Thomas P. TI Ocular diseases and nonbattle injuries seen at a tertiary care medical center during the global war on terrorism SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OPERATION-JOINT-ENDEAVOR; BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA; IRAQI-FREEDOM; DESERT-SHIELD; SUPPORT; STATISTICS; STORM AB We retrospectively reviewed the records of 107 U.S. military personnel referred to the Walter Reed Army Medical Center ophthalmology service with eye diseases and nonbattle injuries diagnosed during Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Ocular diseases and nonbattle injuries ranged from minor to vision-threatening, represented a broad variety of conditions, and required the expertise of a number of ophthalmic subspecialists. The most common diagnoses were uveitis (13.1%), retinal detachment (11.2%), infectious keratitis (4.7%), and choroidal neovascularization (4.7%). Eighty-four patients (78.5%) met Army retention standards and were returned to duty. Twenty patients (18.7%) were referred to a medical evaluation board, seven (6.5%) of whom failed to meet retention standards for eye and vision; the retention status of three patients (2.8%) remains to be determined. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Psolka, M (reprint author), Darnall Army Community Hosp, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 491 EP 497 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800010 PM 17521096 ER PT J AU Albright, TS Gehrich, AP Wright, J Lettieri, CF Dunlow, SG Buller, JL AF Albright, Todd S. Gehrich, Alan P. Wright, Johnnie, Jr. Lettieri, Christine F. Dunlow, Susan G. Buller, Jerome L. TI Utility of ultrasound in the combat theater: Experiences of a gynecologist during Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Armed Forces District of the American-College-of-Obstetricians-and-Gynecologists CY OCT 17-20, 2004 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Obstet & Gynecologists, Armed Forces Dist ID PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; HEALTH-CARE; DESERT STORM; PREGNANCY; MILITARY; WOMEN; TRAUMA AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of ultrasound in a combat theater. Methods: A retrospective review of gynecology visits was evaluated at Camp Doha, Kuwait, from August 2003 through April 2004. Of the 1,737 visits, 237 required pelvic ultrasound. Demographic information, as well as the indications, diagnosis, and disposition of the patients, was compiled. Results: The average age of the patient requiring ultrasound was 28 +/- 8 years. The primary presenting complaint was pelvic pain. Forty percent with pelvic pain had no identifiable cause. The most common final diagnosis was pregnancy. Of the 237 visits, the use of ultrasound resulted in 136 return-to-duty dispositions. Of the 31% who were administratively redeployed, the majority were secondary to pregnancy. Conclusion: Gynecologic ultrasound was found to be a very useful tool in the combat theater. Ultrasound resulted in improved diagnostic ability and enhanced reassurance to both provider and patient. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Dawitt Army Community Hosp, Dept Family Med, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Albright, TS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 507 EP 510 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800013 PM 17521099 ER PT J AU Buller, JL Albright, TS Gehrich, AP Wright, J Lettieri, CF Dunlow, SG Buller, JL AF Buller, Jerome L. Albright, Todd S. Gehrich, Alan P. Wright, Johnnie, Jr. Lettieri, Christine F. Dunlow, Susan G. Buller, Jerome L. TI Pregnancy during Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSIAN-GULF-WAR; HEALTH-CARE; UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; MILITARY WOMEN; DESERT STORM AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate pregnancy during war-time deployment. Methods: A retrospective review of gynecology visits was evaluated at Camp Doha, Kuwait, from August 2003 through April 2004. Of the 1,737 visits, 77 demonstrated a positive pregnancy test. These charts were evaluated for factors that may lead to important information for future deployments. Results: The average age of the female soldier with a positive pregnancy test in theater was 27 +/- 7 years. The primary presenting complaint was amenorrhea. Ninety-two percent had an ultrasound. Fifty-four percent of visits were active duty, followed by Reserve, National Guard, and civilian government employees. Ninety-two percent were administratively redeployed. Seventy-seven percent of the soldiers became pregnant in country. Twenty-three percent arrived in country pregnant. Conclusions: Given the number of pregnancies before and during deployment, current screening procedures as well as new concepts in prevention need to be addressed. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Dewitt Army Community Hosp, Dept Family Med, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Buller, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 511 EP 514 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800014 ER PT J AU Christ, M Sawyer, T Muench, D Huillet, A Batts, S Thompson, M AF Christ, Michael Sawyer, Taylor Muench, Dawn Huillet, Adam Batts, Sherreen Thompson, Mark TI Comparison of home and clinic well-baby visits in a military population SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Annual Uniformed Services Pediatric Seminar CY MAR 20-23, 2005 CL San Antonio, TX ID FOLLOW-UP VISITS; SATISFACTION; DISCHARGE; MOTHERS; NURSE; CARE AB Patient satisfaction is an indicator of quality of care received. Home-visit programs are associated with increased satisfaction and equivalent clinical outcomes but increased cost, compared with clinic visits. We hypothesized that home visits for routine well-child care would also be associated with increased satisfaction and equivalent outcomes. One thousand infants born at Tripler Army Medical Center were identified, and 630 were enrolled. Army and Air Force dependents received 2-week clinic visits. Navy and Marine Corps dependents were offered home visits. At 4 to 6 weeks, families completed a questionnaire. Maternal satisfaction and quality of anticipatory guidance were higher in the home-visit group. Clinical outcomes were equal. Home visits for routine well-child care are valid and are associated with greater maternal satisfaction, better anticipatory guidance, and equivalent clinical outcomes. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Christ, M (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RI Sandall, Jane/D-4146-2009 OI Sandall, Jane/0000-0003-2000-743X NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 515 EP 519 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800015 PM 17521101 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DR AF Nguyen, Dana R. TI Illness in a redeployed soldier SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Congress of the EANM CY 2005 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP EANM ID BRUCELLOSIS AB Overseas deployments place military personnel at risk for tropical diseases not typically observed on the U.S. mainland. This case describes the first reported case of brucellosis returning from Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. A 31-year-old infantry soldier complained of a 6-week history of headaches, relapsing fever, and constitutional symptoms since returning from Iraq. This soldier was determined to have the only reported case of brucellosis, but was one of many soldiers at risk from eating unpasteurized cheese on the local economy. Although malaria and leishmaniasis continue to be the most common deployment-related illnesses, brucellosis must also be considered in the differential of any redeployed soldier with headache, fever, and body aches. Public health as well as command elements must reinforce their role in preventing exposure to this pathogen. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Nguyen, DR (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM drorvis@hotmail.com NR 16 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 541 EP 543 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800021 PM 17521107 ER PT J AU Davis, KL Kolisnyk, JT Klote, MM Yacovone, MA Martin, BL Nelson, MR AF Davis, Karla L. Kolisnyk, John T. Klote, Mary M. Yacovone, Margaret A. Martin, Bryan L. Nelson, Michael R. TI Implications of venom hypersensitivity for a deploying soldier SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ANTIGENIC CROSS-REACTIVITY; HYMENOPTERA VENOM; IMMUNOTHERAPY; PROTOCOL; ALLERGY AB Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a life-saving medical treatment for individuals allergic to Hymenoptera species. Delivery of VIT is a complex process that requires proper extract preparation, shipping, storage, refrigeration, and administration by qualified medical personnel in a facility that can manage a life-threatening allergic emergency (anaphylaxis). Successful VIT requires 3 to 5 years of uninterrupted maintenance injections, which may be difficult to maintain during deployments, particularly in combat operations. The complexity of VIT has resulted in service members being deemed nondeployable and has led to interruption or discontinuation of VIT for deployed service members in the past. We report the case of a 34-year-old Army National Guard soldier who successfully received maintenance VIT while deployed to Operation Iraqi Freedom. This case demonstrates that, with proper coordination and appropriate risk assessment, continuation of complex medical care, such as VIT, can be supported in a combat zone. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Davis, KL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 544 EP 547 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800022 PM 17521108 ER PT J AU Hayes, PC Faestel, PM Shimamoto, PL Holland, JC AF Hayes, Patrick C. Faestel, Paul M. Shimamoto, Paige L. Holland, J. Craig TI Alcohol withdrawal requiring massive prolonged benzodiazepine infusion SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVITY ASSESSMENT SCALE; DELIRIUM-TREMENS; CIWA-AR; MANAGEMENT AB The objective of this case report is to describe a patient with prolonged alcohol withdrawal requiring massive standing doses of benzodiazepines. The setting is the medical intensive care unit of the Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii. The patient is a 58-year-old alcohol-dependent male presenting with mental status changes and agitation following an uncomplicated cystoprostatectomy, who ultimately required massive doses of benzodiazepines to treat his symptoms effectively. We conclude that symptom-triggered therapy proved ineffective in this case due to inability to achieve adequate frequency of assessments. Ultimately, a lengthy, high-dose, fixed interval benzodiazepine regimen was required. The 5-week period of intensive care illustrated that scheduled doses of benzodiazepines may be required and massive and prolonged doses are sometimes necessary. Adherence to a slow-weaning protocol understood by an interdisciplinary team was critical to this patient's recovery. Additionally, toxicity from the high-dose medication was not observed. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Hayes, PC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 172 IS 5 BP 556 EP 559 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 167XC UT WOS:000246484800025 PM 17521111 ER PT J AU O'Connell, KP Kovaleva, E Campbell, JH Anderson, PE Brown, SG Davis, DC Valdes, JJ Welch, RW Bentley, WE van Beek, NA AF O'Connell, Kevin P. Kovaleva, Elena Campbell, James H. Anderson, Patricia E. Brown, Susan G. Davis, David C. Valdes, James J. Welch, Richard W. Bentley, William E. van Beek, Nikolai A. TI Production of a recombinant antibody fragment in whole insect larvae SO MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insect larvae; baculovirus; large-scale production; anti-botulinum Fab ID BACULOVIRUS EXPRESSION SYSTEM; TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; CELLS; PURIFICATION; SCALE; PROTEIN; SECRETION; RECEPTOR; VECTORS; PEPTIDE AB Infection of insect cells with baculovirus expression constructs is commonly used to produce recombinant proteins that require post-translational modifications for their activity, such as mammalian proteins. However, technical restraints limit the capacity of insect cell-based culture systems to be scaled up to produce the large amounts of recombinant protein required for human pharmaceuticals. In this study, we designed an automated insect rearing system and whole insect baculovirus expression system (PERLXpress (TM)) for the expression and purification of recombinant proteins on a large scale. As a test model, we produced a recombinant mouse anti-botulinum antibody fragment (Fab) in Trichoplusia ni larvae. A recombinant baculovirus co-expressing the Fab heavy and light chains together with N-terminal sequences from the silkworm hormone bombyxin, to direct proteins into the secretory pathway, was constructed. Fifth instar larvae were reared and infected orally with recombinant (pre-occluded) baculovirus using the automated system and harvested approximately after 4 days. The total yield of recombinant Fab was 1.1 g/kg of larvae, resulting in 127 mg of pure Fab in one production run. The Fab was purified to homogeneity using immobilized metal affinity chromatography, gel filtration, and anion exchange chromatography. The identity of the purified protein was verified by Western blots and size-exclusion chromatography. Purified recombinant Fab was used to detect botulinum. toxin in ELISA experiments, demonstrating that the heavy and light chains were properly assembled and folded into functional heterodimers. We believe that this is the first demonstration of the expression of a recombinant antibody in whole insect larvae. Our results demonstrate that a baculovirus-whole larvae expression system can be used to express functionally active recombinant Fab fragments. As the PERLXpress (TM) system is an automated and linearly scalable technology, it represents an attractive alternative to insect cell culture for the production of large amounts of human pharmaceuticals. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT BM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Chesapeake PERL Inc, Savage, MD 20763 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Biosyst Res, Biotechnol Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP O'Connell, KP (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT BM, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM kevin.oconnelll@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1073-6085 J9 MOL BIOTECHNOL JI Mol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 36 IS 1 BP 44 EP 51 DI 10.1007/s12033-007-0014-4 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 178OM UT WOS:000247230000007 PM 17827537 ER PT J AU Fuller, CL Brittingham, KC Porter, MW Hepburn, MJ Petitt, PL Pittman, PR Bavari, S AF Fuller, Claudette L. Brittingham, Katherine C. Porter, Mark W. Hepburn, Matthew J. Petitt, Patricia L. Pittman, Phillip R. Bavari, Sina TI Transcriptome analysis of human immune responses following live vaccine strain (LVS) Francisella tularensis vaccination SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human; gene regulation; vaccination; bacterial; molecular biology ID INTRACELLULAR BACTERIUM; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; PROTEIN RESOURCES; TULAREMIA VACCINE; REACTIVE NITROGEN; GAMMA-INTERFERON; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; DENDRITIC CELLS; SEARCH ENGINE; T-CELLS AB The live vaccine strain (LVS) of Francisella tularensis is the only vaccine against tularemia available for humans, yet its mechanism of protection remains unclear. We probed human immunological responses to LVS vaccination with transcriptome analysis using PBMC samples from volunteers at time points pre- and post-vaccination. Gene modulation was highly uniform across all time points, implying commonality of vaccine responses. Principal components analysis revealed three highly distinct principal groupings: pre-vaccination (- 144 h), early (+ 18 and +48 h), and late post-vaccination (+192 and +336 h). The most significant changes in gene expression occurred at early post-vaccination time points (<= 48 h), specifically in the induction of pro-inflammatory and innate immunity-related genes. Evidence supporting modulation of innate effector function, specifically antigen processing and presentation by dendritic cells, was especially apparent. Our data indicate that the LVS strain of F tularensis invokes a strong early response upon vaccination. This pattern of gene regulation may provide insightful information regarding both vaccine efficacy and immunopathogenesis that may provide insight into infection with virulent strains of F tularensis. Additionally, we obtained valuable information that should prove useful in evaluation of vaccine lots as well as efficacy testing of new anti-F tularensis vaccines. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Gene Log Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20879 USA. RP Fuller, CL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM claudette.l.fuller@gsk.com FU AHRQ HHS [04-0-HS-002 HHS]; None [4892]; PHS HHS [Y01 4892] NR 39 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 44 IS 12 BP 3173 EP 3184 DI 10.1016/j.molimm.2007.01.037 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 174DN UT WOS:000246921500012 PM 17349694 ER PT J AU Wichern, G Azimi-Sadjadi, MR Mungiole, M AF Wichern, Gordon Azimi-Sadjadi, Mahmood R. Mungiole, Michael TI Environmentally adaptive acoustic transmission loss prediction in turbulent and nonturbulent atmospheres SO NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Computational Intelligence in Earth and Environmental Siences CY 2006 CL Vancouver, CANADA DE atmospheric acoustics; turbulent scattering; parabolic equations; fuzzy-logic fusion ID RANGE SOUND-PROPAGATION; PERFORMANCE BOUNDS; NEURAL-NETWORK; WAVE ANALYSIS; MODELS; TUTORIAL AB An environmentally adaptive system for prediction of acoustic transmission loss (TL) in the atmosphere is developed in this paper. This system uses several back propagation neural network predictors, each corresponding to a specific environmental condition. The outputs of the expert predictors are combined using a fuzzy confidence measure and a nonlinear fusion system. Using this prediction methodology the computational intractability of traditional acoustic model-based approaches is eliminated. The proposed TL prediction system is tested on two synthetic acoustic data sets for a wide range of geometrical, source and environmental conditions including both nonturbulent and turbulent atmospheres. Test results of the system showed root mean square (RMS) errors of 1.84 dB for the nonturbulent and 1.36 dB for the turbulent conditions, respectively, which are acceptable levels for near real-time performance. Additionally, the environmentally adaptive system demonstrated improved TL prediction accuracy at high frequencies and large values of horizontal separation between source and receiver. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Azimi-Sadjadi, MR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM azimi@engr.colostate.edu NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0893-6080 J9 NEURAL NETWORKS JI Neural Netw. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 20 IS 4 BP 484 EP 497 DI 10.1016/j.neunet.2007.04.025 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA 189NA UT WOS:000247994400007 PM 17521880 ER PT J AU Pomeroy, JM Grube, H Perrella, AC Gillaspy, JD AF Pomeroy, J. M. Grube, H. Perrella, A. C. Gillaspy, J. D. TI STM and transport measurements of highly charged ion modified materials SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Workshop on Inelastic Ion-Surface-Collisions CY SEP 17-22, 2006 CL Hernstein, AUSTRIA DE highly charged ions; scanning tunnelling microscopy; gold; magnetic tunnel junction; nano-feature; transport ID SURFACES; SLOW; AFM AB Careful measurements of highly charged ions (HCIs) colliding with gases and surfaces have provided glimpses of intense electronic interactions, but a comprehensive model for the interaction mechanisms, time scales, and resultant nano-features that bridges materials systems is yet to be realized. At the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) electron beam ion trap (EBIT) facility, new apparatus is now connected to the HCI beamline to allow preparation of clean, atomically flat surfaces of single crystals, e.g. gold, tungsten and silicon, and deposition and patterning of thin films, e.g. high resistivity oxides, ferromagnetic metals, normal metals and superconductors. Experiments reported here focus on the electronic and morphological structure of HCI induced nano-features. Current activities are focused on using in situ scanning tunneling microscope (STM) on Au(111) and (separately) ex situ transport measurements to study electronic properties within HCI modified magnetic multilayer systems. Specifically, we are fabricating magnetic multilayers similar to magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) (important in advanced magnetic field sensors and superconducting Josephson junction devices) and using HCIs to adjust critical electronic properties. The electrical response of the tunnel junction to HCIs provides a novel approach to performing HCI-induced nanostructure ensemble measurements. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Pomeroy, JM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM joshua.pomeroy@nist.gov NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAY PY 2007 VL 258 IS 1 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2006.12.193 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 167NA UT WOS:000246457200041 ER PT J AU Halford, CE Robinson, AL Driggers, RG Jacobs, EL AF Halford, Carl E. Robinson, Aaron L. Driggers, Ronald G. Jacobs, Eddie L. TI Tilted surfaces in short-wave infrared imagery: speckle simulation and a simple contrast model SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE speckle; short-wave infraved; imagery; simulation ID PERIODOGRAMS AB An effective simulation of speckle with tilted surfaces illuminated by short-coherence-length lasers is presented. Two new tools for assessing speckle and/or its contrast under these conditions are developed and validated. The first is a simulation of the time-domain tilteds-urface effects that provides speckle imagery. The second is a simple intuitive model for contrast derived from speckle reduction due to averaging. Field results of speckle imagery for a laser-illuminated target and a short-wave infrared imager validate the simulation. Simulated speckle is compared visually with the actual speckle. Also, contrasts of the speckle generated by simulation and actually imaged in the field are compared for one tilt angle. Existing analytical models of the contrast also validate the simulated speckle contrast. Contrast-versus-angle characteristics of simulated speckle are compared with the general analytical contrast model for speckle from tilted surfaces. (C) 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 Univ Memphis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Adv Sensors, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Halford, CE (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Adv Sensors, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOCIETY PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 46 IS 5 AR 053201 DI 10.1117/1.2740770 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 186XW UT WOS:000247812900020 ER PT J AU Chern, GD Fernandes, GE Chang, RK Song, Q Xu, L Kneissl, M Johnson, NM AF Chern, G. D. Fernandes, G. E. Chang, R. K. Song, Q. Xu, L. Kneissl, M. Johnson, N. M. TI High-Q-preserving coupling between a spiral and a semicircle mu-cavity SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIRECTIONAL EMISSION; MICROCAVITIES; MICROLASERS; RAY AB We present an efficient design for direct coupling between a spiral-shaped and a semicircle-shaped microcavity (mu-cavity) as an alternative to traditional evanescent wave coupling for planar integrated photonic technology. We observe the preservation of the high Q-value of the spiral oscillator when coupled to a semicircle under current injection using an AlGaAs single-quantum-well heterostructure. With slight alterations to the directly coupled mu-cavity configuration, such as coupling shape and overlap distance, the number of observed modes and output intensity are changed. AlGaAs and InGaN spiral-shaped microcavities have unidirectional emission normal to the spiral notch. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Fudan Univ, Dept Opt Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Palo Alto Res Ctr Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Chern, GD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gracehern@yahoo.com RI Song, Qinghai/C-2197-2014; Kneissl, Michael/B-9682-2012 NR 16 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2007 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1093 EP 1095 DI 10.1364/OL.32.001093 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 159JE UT WOS:000245860900028 PM 17410246 ER PT J AU Petrov, D Shkuratov, Y Videen, G AF Petrov, Dmitry Shkuratov, Yuriy Videen, Gorden TI Optimized matrix inversion technique for the T-matrix method SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; LIGHT-SCATTERING; PARTICLES AB We suggest a new approach to calculate the inverse matrix in scattering calculations using the T-matrix method. Instead of inversion of the full matrix, we suggest the inversion of two matrices, each of which contains half the number of rows. This approach allows significant time savings and a noticeable increase of the precision of scattering calculations due to fewer arithmetical operations. An iterative method can be applied to matrices whose dimension is also divisible by factors of 2, which can further increase the time savings and accuracy. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America C1 Kharkov Natl Univ, Inst Astron, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Petrov, D (reprint author), Kharkov Natl Univ, Inst Astron, 35 Sumskaya St, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. EM petrov@astron.kharkov.ua NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 1 PY 2007 VL 32 IS 9 BP 1168 EP 1170 DI 10.1364/OL.32.001168 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 159JE UT WOS:000245860900053 PM 17410271 ER PT J AU Stagliano, D Epstein, J Hickey, P AF Stagliano, David Epstein, Judith Hickey, Patrick TI Fomite-transmitted coccidioidomycosis in an immunocompromised child SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE neutropenia; fever; coccidioidomycosis ID TRANSMISSION; MENINGITIS AB An unusual, nonendernic case of fomite-transmitted, disseminated coccidioidomycosis in a neutropenic 3-year-old boy is presented. Accurate diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis hinges on recognition of host risk factors, clinical signs and symptoms, and effective implementation of diagnostic studies. Timely diagnosis and treatment is critical for improved morbidity and mortality in the pediatric oncology population. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Dept Pediat, MCHL K, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hickey, P (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Dept Pediat, MCHL K, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Patrick.w.hickey@us.army.mil NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 26 IS 5 BP 454 EP 456 DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000259231.95285.bc PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 163WH UT WOS:000246193400020 PM 17468663 ER PT J AU Freeman, AF Collura-Burke, CJ Patronas, NJ Ilcus, LS Darnell, D Davis, J Puck, JM Holland, SM AF Freeman, Alexandra F. Collura-Burke, Christina J. Patronas, Nicholas J. Ilcus, Lidia Stana Darnell, Dirk Davis, Joie Puck, Jennifer M. Holland, Steven M. TI Brain abnormalities in patients with hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunodeficiency; lacunar infarction; brain imaging; Chiari malformation; hyperintensities ID HYPER-IGE-SYNDROME; WHITE-MATTER; NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE-1; CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH; ELDERLY-PEOPLE; DISEASE; EVOLUTION; CHILDREN AB OBJECTIVES. Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome is a multisystem disorder with abnormalities of the immunologic, connective tissue, and skeletal tissue systems. Central nervous system abnormalities have not been considered a feature of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome. We aimed to determine whether central nervous system abnormalities detected on brain MRI exist in hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome and to characterize any identified abnormalities. PATIENTS AND METHODS. Fifty patients aged from 3 to 52 years ( mean: 24 years) with established diagnoses of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome had MRI of the brain as part of an hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome natural history protocol. Abnormalities were described, measured, counted, and mapped. Patient charts were reviewed for neurologic findings and blood pressure measurements. RESULTS. Focal brain lesions exhibiting high signal intensities on flow-attenuated inversion recovery and on T2-weighted techniques were found in 35 of the 50 patients. The focal hyperintensities were predominantly in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres, and the number ranged from 2 to > 50. The hyperintensities occurred more frequently in adults than in children, and no association with elevated blood pressure was found. Five patients had lacunar infarctions. Chiari type 1 malformations were found in 9 of 50 patients. Two patients had infectious complications presenting on MRI as cerebritis in 1 patient and as a hemorrhagic infarct in the other; both were found on autopsy to be fungal. Neurologic abnormalities were present in 1 patient with a lacunar infarction, the 2 patients with infectious complications, and in 1 patient with a subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to a berry aneurysm. CONCLUSIONS. Central nervous system abnormalities are common in hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome. Focal T2 hyperintensities, not appreciated previously, represent a prominent feature of this rare disease that may assist in diagnosis. The etiology and clinical implications of these abnormalities remain to be investigated. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIH, Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Holland, SM (reprint author), Bldg 10,CRC B3-4141,MSC 1684, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM smh@nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 20 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAY PY 2007 VL 119 IS 5 BP E1121 EP E1125 DI 10.1542/peds.2006-2649 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 163IM UT WOS:000246153300054 PM 17438082 ER PT J AU Zhu, R Pan, E Chung, PW AF Zhu, R. Pan, E. Chung, P. W. TI Fast multiscale kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of three-dimensional self-assembled quantum dot islands SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ANISOTROPIC BIMATERIALS; SHAPE TRANSITION; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; GREENS-FUNCTIONS; SURFACE; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCRYSTALS; EVOLUTION; PYRAMIDS; SI(001) AB A three-dimensional kinetic Monte Carlo model is developed to simulate the growth of self-assembled quantum dot islands. Our multiscale model includes the long-range strain energy contribution from a fast continuum Green's function calculation and an up-down ratio describing the relative probability for atoms to jump out of the plane of the surface during the growth process. For the model material InAs/GaAs(001), we studied the effect of the flux rate and the deposition and interruption times on the island shape and ordering, which shows that a lower flux rate and a longer growth time correspond to a better island distribution. We also successfully simulated the relation between the island height and the up-down ratio. It is observed that for an up-down ratio between 1 and 20, the island height increases dramatically with increasing up-down ratio, reaching an inflection point around 13. When the up-down ratio continues to increase from 20, the island height approaches a constant value at about 20 grids. The critical up-down ratio 13 signifies the transition from a flat cluster growth mode to a sharp three-dimensional island growth mode. C1 Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. Univ Akron, Dept Appl Math, Akron, OH 44325 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Zhu, R (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM pan2@uakron.edu RI Pan, Ernian/F-4504-2011 OI Pan, Ernian/0000-0001-6640-7805 NR 51 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY PY 2007 VL 75 IS 20 AR 205339 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.205339 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 173RT UT WOS:000246890900096 ER PT J AU Latka, M Kolodziej, W Turalska, M Latka, D Zub, W West, BJ AF Latka, M. Kolodziej, W. Turalska, M. Latka, D. Zub, W. West, B. J. TI Wavelet assessment of cerebrospinal compensatory reserve and cerebrovascular reactivity SO PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE brain injury; intracranial hypertension; ICP; compliance; wavelets; synchronization ID CEREBRAL PERFUSION-PRESSURE; NONLINEAR PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; HEAD-INJURED PATIENTS; INTRACRANIAL-PRESSURE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SLOW DYNAMICS; FORM ANALYSIS; VOLUME INDEX; BRAIN INJURY; AUTOREGULATION AB We introduce a wavelet transfer model to relate spontaneous arterial blood pressure (ABP) fluctuations to intracranial pressure (ICP) fluctuations. We employ a complex continuous wavelet transform to develop a consistent mathematical framework capable of parametrizing both cerebral compensatory reserve and cerebrovascular reactivity. The frequency-dependent gain and phase of the wavelet transfer function are introduced because of the non-stationary character of the ICP and ABP time series. The gain characterizes the dampening of spontaneous ABP fluctuations and is interpreted as a novel measure of cerebrospinal compensatory reserve. For a group of 12 patients who died as a result of cerebral lesions ( Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) = 1) the average gain in the low- frequency ( 0.02-0.07 Hz) range was 0.51 +/- 0.13 and significantly exceeded that of 17 patients with GOS = 2 having an average gain of 0.26 +/- 0.11 with p = 1 x 10(-4) ( Kruskal - Wallis test). A time- averaged synchronization index (which may vary from 0 to 1) defined in terms of the wavelet transfer function phase yields information about the stability of the phase difference of the ABP and ICP signals and is used as a cerebrovascular reactivity index. A low value of synchronization index reflects a normally reactive vascular bed, while a high value indicates pathological entrainment of ABP and ICP fluctuations. Such entrainment is strongly pronounced in patients with fatal outcome ( for this group the low- frequency synchronization index was 0.69 +/- 0.17). The gain and synchronization parameters define a cerebral hemodynamic state space ( CHS) in which the patients with GOS = 1 are to large extent partitioned away from those with GOS = 2. The concept of CHS elucidates the interplay of vascular and compensatory mechanisms. C1 Wroclaw Tech Univ, Inst Phys, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. Opole Reg Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, PL-45401 Opole, Poland. Med Univ, Dept Neurosurg, PL-50420 Wroclaw, Poland. USA, Res Off, Math & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Latka, M (reprint author), Wroclaw Tech Univ, Inst Phys, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. EM Miroslaw.Latka@pwr.wroc.pl NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0967-3334 J9 PHYSIOL MEAS JI Physiol. Meas. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 28 IS 5 BP 465 EP 479 DI 10.1088/0967-3334/28/5/002 PG 15 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Physiology SC Biophysics; Engineering; Physiology GA 168VZ UT WOS:000246553400002 PM 17470981 ER PT J AU Shah, M Zhu, KM Palmer, RC Wu, HY AF Shah, Mona Zhu, Kangmin Palmer, Richard C. Wu, Hongyu TI Family history of cancer and utilization of prostate, colorectal and skin cancer screening tests in US men SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE prostate neoplasm; colorectal carcinoma; skin cancer; family history; screening ID PATIENTS SELF-REPORTS; HEALTH BELIEFS; RISK; PARTICIPATION; GUIDELINES; INTENTION; VALIDITY; BEHAVIOR; WOMEN; PREFERENCES AB Background. For cancers related to genetic factors, screening may be particularly important for individuals who have a family history of the disease. This study examined whether men with a family history of cancer were more likely to utilize prostate, colorectal or skin cancer screenings compared to those without a family history. Methods. The data for this study came from male respondents who participated in the 2000 National Health Interview Survey. The age range of the study subjects and the definitions of cancer screening were determined based on the American Cancer Society recommendations on cancer screening. Results. Men who had a family history of colorectal cancer were twice more likely to utilize colorectal cancer screening than men without a family history of the disease. Compared to men without a family history of prostate cancer, men with a family history were more likely to undergo a PSA examination. The association of family history with colorectal and prostate cancer screening was stronger among younger men. Conclusions. Family history of cancer was highly associated with colorectal and prostate cancer screening examinations in U.S. men. This may reflect more physicians' recommendations and a higher motivation to get a screening test for men with a family history of cancer. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Shah, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Bldg 1,Suite E-111,6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM moshah@cancer.org NR 45 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 44 IS 5 BP 459 EP 464 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.12.016 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 177OE UT WOS:000247161600016 PM 17320159 ER PT J AU Richter, E Srivastava, S Dobi, A AF Richter, E. Srivastava, S. Dobi, A. TI Androgen receptor and prostate cancer SO PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES LA English DT Review DE androgen receptor; prostate cancer; proto-oncogene; hormone-refractory; ERG; ETS-related genes ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; CELL-GROWTH; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION; GENES; MECHANISM; FUSION; OVEREXPRESSION AB Since the original observations of Huggins and Hodges that prostate cancers are androgen dependent, androgen ablation therapy has been the gold standard for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer ( CaP). Androgen receptor ( AR) is believed to play critical roles in the development and progression of CaP. Treatment for neoadjuvant, adjuvant and recurrent disease all center on the regulation and manipulation of the androgen pathway, in which AR plays an integral role. Recent discoveries that frequent overexpression of ETS- related proto- oncogenes may be driven by AR as a consequence of common genomic rearrangements can hold the key towards the understanding of early phases of prostate cancer. Furthermore, AR function evolves as the cell changes towards a clinically androgen depletion independent state. Comprehension of AR function, regulation and abnormalities are increasingly refined towards the understanding of the role of AR in CaP, and in therapeutic applications. Development of future therapy for CaP will be aided by improving the knowledge of dysfunctions of AR and its network in prostate cancer. This review focuses salient features of AR and on the recent advances addressing AR dysfunctions in prostate cancer. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, US Mil Canc Inst, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Srivastava, S (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, US Mil Canc Inst, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM ssrivastava@cpdr.org; adobi@cpdr.org NR 61 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1365-7852 J9 PROSTATE CANCER P D JI Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 10 IS 2 BP 114 EP 118 DI 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500936 PG 5 WC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology SC Oncology; Urology & Nephrology GA 175PU UT WOS:000247026300002 PM 17297502 ER PT J AU Goodin, JL Nellis, DF Powell, BS Vyas, VV Enama, JT Wang, LC Clark, PK Giardina, SL Adamovicz, JJ Michiel, DF AF Goodin, Jeremy L. Nellis, David F. Powell, Bradford S. Vyas, Vinay V. Enama, Jeffrey T. Wang, Lena C. Clark, Patrick K. Giardina, Steven L. Adamovicz, Jeffery J. Michiel, Dennis F. TI Purification and protective efficacy of monomeric and modified Yersinia pestis capsular F1-V antigen fusion proteins for vaccination against plague SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE F1-V; fusion protein; vaccine; development; yersinia pestis; monodisperse; alhydrogel; protective efficacy ID PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INCLUSION-BODIES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; IN-VITRO; MICE; SOLUBILIZATION; EXPRESSION; VACCINES AB The F1-V vaccine antigen, protective against Yersinia pestis, exhibits a strong tendency to multimerize that affects larger-scale manufacture and characterization. In this work, the sole FIN cysteine was replaced with serine by site-directed mutagenesis for characterization of FIN non-covalent multimer interactions and protective potency without participation by disulfide-linkages. FIN and F1-V-C424S proteins were overexpressed in Escherichia coli, recovered using mechanical lysis/pH-modulation and purified from urea-solubilized soft inclusion bodies, using successive ion-exchange, ceramic hydroxyapatite, and size-exclusion chromatography. This purification method resulted in up to 2 mg/g of cell paste of 95% pure, mono-disperse protein having <= 0.5 endotoxin units per mg by a kinetic chromogenic limulus amoebocyte lysate reactivity assay. Both F1-V and F1-V-C424S were monomeric at pH 10.0 and progressively self-associated as pH conditions decreased to pH 6.0. Solution additives were screened for their ability to inhibit FIN self-association at pH 6.5. An L-argmine buffer provided the greatest stabilizing effect. Conversion to > 500-kDa multimers occurred between pH 6.0 and 5.0. Conditions for efficient F1-V adsorption to the cGMP-compatible alhydrogelo adjuvant were optimized. Side-by-side evaluation for protective potency against subcutaneous plague infection in mice was conducted for F1-V-C424S monomer; cysteine-capped FIN monomer; cysteine-capped F1-V multimer; and a F1-V standard reported previously. After a two-dose vaccination with 2 x 20 mu g of F1-V, respectively, 100%, 80%, 80%, and 70% of injected mice survived a subcutaneous lethal plague challenge with 10(8) LD50 Y pestis CO92, Thus, vaccination with FIN monomer and multimeric forms resulted in significant, and essentially equivalent, protection. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 NCI, Biopharmaceut Dev Program, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Basic Res Program, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Michiel, DF (reprint author), NCI, Biopharmaceut Dev Program, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM dfm@ncifrcf.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [N01CO12400, N01 CO012400, N01-CO-12400] NR 26 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 EI 1096-0279 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 53 IS 1 BP 63 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2006.12.018 PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 164PB UT WOS:000246245000008 PM 17293124 ER PT J AU Kowalczk, I Read, J Salomon, M AF Kowalczk, Ian Read, Jeffery Salomon, Mark TI Li-air batteries: A classic example of limitations owing to solubilities SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Solubility Phenomena and Related Equilibrium Processes CY JUL 23-28, 2006 CL Freiberg, GERMANY DE solubility; Bunsen coefficient; Li-air batteries; organic solvents; nonaqueous solvents ID ORGANIC ELECTROLYTE BATTERY; LITHIUM/OXYGEN BATTERY AB A review is presented of the present state-of-the-art of Li-air cells and batteries. We examine the properties of this unique system in terms of the effects of solubilities of reactants and products in both nonaqueous (aprotic) and aqueous electrolyte solutions. Definite trends are observed, such as increasing cell-specific energy and capacity as both the oxygen solubility increases and viscosity decreases in organic solvents, but quantitative analyses are limited owing to the complex relations between solubility, solution viscosity, oxygen diffusion, and electrolytic conductivity. Adding to this complex relation is the dependence of the nature of the carbon-based air cathode (surface area and pore volume) upon practical specific capacities, which can be realized with Li-air cells that far exceed the specific energies and capacities of all present commercial metal-air and Li-ion cells and batteries. C1 MaxPower Inc, Harleysville, PA 19438 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, SE,DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Salomon, M (reprint author), MaxPower Inc, 141 Christopher Lane, Harleysville, PA 19438 USA. NR 20 TC 106 Z9 109 U1 15 U2 93 PU INT UNION PURE APPLIED CHEMISTRY PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA 104 TW ALEXANDER DR, PO BOX 13757, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-3757 USA SN 0033-4545 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 79 IS 5 BP 851 EP 860 DI 10.1351/pac200779050851 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 168HK UT WOS:000246514100003 ER PT J AU Huang, A Roy, DA Summers, RM Franaszek, M Petrick, N Choi, JR Pickhardt, PJ AF Huang, Adam Roy, Dave A. Summers, Ronald M. Franaszek, Marek Petrick, Nicholas Choi, J. Richard Pickhardt, Perry J. TI Teniae coli-based circumferential localization system for CT colonography: Feasibility study SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY COLONOGRAPHY; VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY; POLYP DETECTION; SUPINE AB This HIPAA-compliant study, with institutional review board approval and informed patient consent, was conducted to retrospectively develop a teniae coli-based circumferential localization method for guiding virtual colon navigation and colonic polyp registration. Colonic surfaces (n = 72) were depicted at computed tomographic (CT) colonography performed in 36 patients (26 men, 10 women; age range, 47-72 years) in the supine and prone positions. For 70 (97%) colonic surfaces, the tenia omentalis (TO), the most visible of the three teniae coli on a well-distended colonic surface, was manually extracted from the cecum to the descending colon. By virtually dissecting and flattening the colon along the TO, the authors developed a localization system involving 12 grid lines to estimate the circumferential positions of polyps. A sessile polyp would most likely (at 95% confidence level) be found within +/- 1.2 grid lines (one grid line equals 1/12 the circumference) with use of the proposed method. By orienting and positioning the virtual cameras with use of the new localization system, synchronized prone and supine navigation was achieved. The teniae coli are extractable landmarks, and the teniae coli-based circumferential localization system helps guide virtual navigation and polyp registration at CT colonography. (c) RSNA, 2007. C1 NIH, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Clin Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, Joint Lab Assessment Med Imaging Syst, CDRH, NIBIB, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Summers, RM (reprint author), NIH, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Clin Ctr, 10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1182,bldg 10,Room 1C351, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM rms@nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD MAY PY 2007 VL 243 IS 2 BP 551 EP 560 DI 10.1148/radiol.2432060353 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 170UP UT WOS:000246691500031 PM 17456877 ER PT J AU Reid, FM Niemuth, NA Shumaker, SM Waugh, JD Graham, JS AF Reid, Frances M. Niemuth, Nancy A. Shumaker, Shawn M. Waugh, Jack D. Graham, John S. TI Biomechanical monitoring of cutaneous sulfur mustard-induced lesions in the weanling pig model for depth of injury SO SKIN RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE burn depth; reflectance colorimetry; transepidermal water loss; evaporimetry; high-frequency ultrasound; laser Doppler perfusion imaging; pigs; sulfur mustard ID LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; BURN DEPTH; QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT; CHEMICAL WARFARE; PORCINE SKIN; ULTRASOUND; FLOW AB Background/purpose: A sulfur mustard (SM)-induced cutaneous injury model was developed in weanling swine to evaluate the efficacy of candidate treatment regimens. Lesions were assessed clinically and histopathologically. Histopathologic evaluation of lesions was a subjective and invasive assessment. Biomechanical engineering methods offer an objective and less invasive method to evaluate lesions. The purpose of this study was to use biomechanical engineering instruments to assess SM-induced lesions for depth of injury and to correlate those assessments with histopathology. Methods: Two groups of six animals each were exposed to 400 mu L undiluted SM applied at each of six abdominal sites for either 2 or 30 min. An additional seven animals received a sham treatment (control; 400 mu L deionized water applied to each of six sites for 30 min). Each site was evaluated before exposure and 2 days after exposure. Biomechanical engineering techniques used to assess each lesion were reflectance colorimetry, evaporimetry [transepidermal water loss (TEWL)], laser Doppler perfusion imaging, and high-frequency (20 MHz) two-dimensional ultrasound. Injury depth and lesion severity were assessed and correlated to biomechanical methods using special histopathologic staining techniques. Results: Two- and 30-min cutaneous lesions were significantly different from controls at the 0.05 probability level for redness (chroma meter) and TEWL (evaporimeter), but were not significantly different from each other. The 2-min lesions had a significant increase (2.11 AU, SE=0.06) and the 30-min lesions had a decrease (0.96 AU, SE=0.04) from controls (1.31 AU, SE=0.03) in microcirculatory blood flux (laser Doppler). The 2-min lesions and controls were significantly different at the 0.05 level from 30-min lesions in skin thickness (ultrasound). The 2- and 30-min groups were significantly different from controls and from each other at the 0.05 level in histopathologic assessment of injury depth, basal cell necrosis, depth of necrosis, and vascular necrosis, with the 30-min injuries being most severe. Conclusion: There was mixed evidence that the bioengineering techniques tested could differentiate between controls, 2-min (partial-thickness) cutaneous injuries and 30-min (full-thickness) cutaneous injuries at day 2. Both biomechanical and histopathologic assessments are useful methods of characterizing SM lesions in the weanling pig model. Biomechanical methods are non-invasive and quantitative, and multiple readings over shorter and longer periods of time may improve differentiation in depth of injury. Histopathologic assessments are important for confirmation of lesion depth and severity, and for assisting interpretation when a single assessment using bioengineering methods is used. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Med Res & Evaluat Facil, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Med Toxicol Branch, Analyt Toxicol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Reid, FM (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Med Res & Evaluat Facil, 505 King Ave,JM-8-1-074, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. EM reidf@battelle.org NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0909-752X J9 SKIN RES TECHNOL JI Skin Res. Technol. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 13 IS 2 BP 217 EP 225 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2007.00204.x PG 9 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 147ED UT WOS:000244985300016 PM 17374066 ER PT J AU Katos, AM Conti, ML Moran, TS Gordon, RK Doctor, BP Sciuto, AM Nambiar, MP AF Katos, Alexandre M. Conti, Michele L. Moran, Theodore S. Gordon, Richard K. Doctor, Bhupendra P. Sciuto, Alfred M. Nambiar, Madhusoodana P. TI Abdominal bloating and irritable bowel syndrome like symptoms following microinstillation inhalation exposure to chemical warfare nerve agent VX in guinea pigs SO TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE abdominal; acetylcholinesterase; bloating; chemical warfare nerve agents; guinea pig; inhalation exposure; microinstillation; organophosphates; pulmonary injury; respiratory system; swelling ID BRAIN-GUT AXIS; FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS; ANTIDOTAL TREATMENT; INTESTINAL GAS; SOMAN; PRETREATMENT; METABOLISM; TOXICITY; TRANSIT; RATS AB While assessing the methylphosphonothioic acid S-(2-(bis(1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)O-ethyl ester (VX) induced respiratory toxicity and evaluating therapeutics against lung injury, we observed that the animals were experiencing abnormal swelling in the abdominal area. Nerve agent has been known to increase salivary, nasal and gastrointestinal secretion and cause diarrhea. This study was initiated to investigate the effect of VX on the gastrointestinal tract (GI) since abdominal pathology may affect breathing and contribute to the on going respiratory toxicity. The mid-abdominal diameter and the size of the lower left abdomen was measured before and after 27.3 mg/m(3) VX exposure by microinstillation and at 30 min intervals up to 2 h post-VX exposure. Both VX and saline exposed animals exhibited a decrease in circumference of the upper abdomen, although the decrease was slightly higher in VX-exposed animals up to I h. The waist diameter increased slightly in VX-exposed animals from 60 to 90 min post-VX exposure but was similar to saline controls. The lower left abdomen near to the cecum, 6 cm below and 2 cm to the right of the end of the sternum, showed an increase in size at 30-60 min that was significantly increased at 90-120 min post-VX exposure. In addition, VX-exposed animals showed loose fecal matter compared to controls. Necropsy at 24 h showed an increased small intestine twisting motility in VX-exposed animals. Body tissue AChE assay showed high inhibition in the esophagus and intestine in VX-exposed animals indicating that a significant amount of the agent is localized to the GI following microinstillation exposure. These results suggest that microinstillation inhalation VX exposure induces gastrointestinal disturbances similar to that of irritable bowel syndrome and bloating. C1 [Katos, Alexandre M.; Conti, Michele L.; Gordon, Richard K.; Doctor, Bhupendra P.; Nambiar, Madhusoodana P.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Moran, Theodore S.; Sciuto, Alfred M.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Med Toxicol Branch, Anat Toxicol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Nambiar, Madhusoodana P.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Nambiar, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM madhusoodana.nambiar@na.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0748-2337 J9 TOXICOL IND HEALTH JI Toxicol. Ind. Health PD MAY PY 2007 VL 23 IS 4 BP 231 EP 240 DI 10.1177/0748233707081720 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 261EV UT WOS:000253062800004 PM 18429383 ER PT J AU Ohrt, C Doolan, D Brice, G Tjitra, E Handayani, S Schaecher, K Prescott, W Campo, J Charoenvit, Y Veazey, J Chong, A Friedman, C Sattabongkot, J Stewart, VA Baird, K AF Ohrt, C. Doolan, D. Brice, G. Tjitra, E. Handayani, S. Schaecher, K. Prescott, W. Campo, J. Charoenvit, Y. Veazey, J. Chong, A. Friedman, C. Sattabongkot, J. Stewart, V. A. Baird, K. TI Plasmodium antibodies as surrogate markers of malaria exposure SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ohrt, C.; Chong, A.; Friedman, C.; Stewart, V. A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Sliver Spring, MD USA. [Doolan, D.; Campo, J.; Baird, K.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Sliver Spring, MD USA. [Brice, G.] Navy Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Tjitra, E.; Handayani, S.] Indonesian Minist Hlth, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Schaecher, K.; Sattabongkot, J.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Prescott, W.] Hydas Inc, Hershey, PA USA. [Veazey, J.] USA, Med Mat Dev Act, Frederick, MD USA. RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD MAY PY 2007 VL 12 SU 1 BP 47 EP 47 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 302FP UT WOS:000255954500137 ER PT J AU Obare, P Ogutu, B Adiambo, C Oriko, R Odera, JS Ohrt, C AF Obare, P. Ogutu, B. Adiambo, C. Oriko, R. Odera, J. S. Ohrt, C. TI Malaria diagnostics centre for excellence: results from training and pilot microscopy certification SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Obare, P.; Ogutu, B.; Adiambo, C.; Oriko, R.; Odera, J. S.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Clin Res Ctr, Malaria Diagnost Ctr Excellence, Kisumu, Kenya. [Ohrt, C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD MAY PY 2007 VL 12 SU 1 BP 128 EP 129 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 302FP UT WOS:000255954500361 ER PT J AU Lin, AJ Miroshnikova, O Hudson, T Gerena, L Kyle, D AF Lin, A. J. Miroshnikova, O. Hudson, T. Gerena, L. Kyle, D. TI Synthesis and antimalarial activity of new isotebuquine analogs SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lin, A. J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Hudson, Thomas/A-9152-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD MAY PY 2007 VL 12 SU 1 BP 217 EP 218 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 302FP UT WOS:000255954500625 ER PT J AU Bhonsle, J Heady, T Dow, G Huddler, D AF Bhonsle, J. Heady, T. Dow, G. Huddler, D. TI QSAR Studies of antimalarial mefloquine analogs SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bhonsle, J.; Heady, T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Huddler, D.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Germantown, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD MAY PY 2007 VL 12 SU 1 BP 218 EP 218 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 302FP UT WOS:000255954500626 ER PT J AU Gettayacamin, M Sattabongkot, J Hansukjariya, P Tungtaeng, A Van Gessel, YA Lanteri, CA Kyle, DE AF Gettayacamin, M. Sattabongkot, J. Hansukjariya, P. Tungtaeng, A. Van Gessel, Y. A. Lanteri, C. A. Kyle, D. E. TI The use of Anopheles dirus and sporozoite-induced Plasmodium berghei mouse malaria model for testing exoerythrocytic antimalarial drugs SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gettayacamin, M.; Sattabongkot, J.; Hansukjariya, P.; Tungtaeng, A.; Van Gessel, Y. A.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Lanteri, C. A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kyle, D. E.] Univ S Florida, Dept Global Hlth, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD MAY PY 2007 VL 12 SU 1 BP 220 EP 220 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 302FP UT WOS:000255954500631 ER PT J AU Yershov, AL Jordan, BS Fudge, JM Dubick, MA AF Yershov, Andrey L. Jordan, Bryan S. Fudge, James M. Dubick, Michael A. TI Influence of the mode of ventilation on ketamine/xylazine requirements in rabbits SO VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article DE ketamine; mechanical ventilation; rabbits; xylazine ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; XYLAZINE; KETAMINE; ANESTHESIA AB Objective To evaluate the effect of the mode of mechanical ventilation (MV) on the dose of intravenous anesthetic during 3 hours of ketamine/xylazine anesthesia. Study design Prospective laboratory study. Animals Sixty-one adult male New Zealand White rabbits. Methods Rabbits were anesthetized (ketamine/xylazine 35 + 5 mg kg(-1), IM), the trachea was intubated and randomized to four groups - (1) CMV-1 (n = 14), ventilated with traditional conventional volume-cycled MV [V-T = 12 mL kg(-1), RR = 20, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) = 0 cmH(2)O]; (2) CMV-2 (n = 13), ventilated with a modern lung-protective regimen of volume-cycled MV (V-T = 6 mL kg(-1), RR = 40, PEEP = 5 cmH(2)O); (3) HFPV (n = 17) ventilated with high-frequency percussive ventilation [high-frequency oscillations (450 minute(-1)) superimposed on 40 minute(-1) low-frequency respiratory cycles, I:E ratio = 1:1], oscillatory continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) of 7-10 cmH(2)O, and demand CPAP of 8-10 cmH(2)O. (4) A fourth group, spontaneously ventilating (SV, n = 17), was anesthetized, intubated, but not ventilated mechanically. FiO(2) in all groups was 0.5. Anesthesia was maintained at a surgical plane by IV administration of a ketamine/xylazine mixture (10 + 2 mg kg(-1), as necessary) for 3 hours after intubation. Total dose of xylazine/ketamine administered and the need for yohimbine to facilitate recovery were quantitated. Results The total dose of xylazine/ketamine was significantly higher in the HFPV and SV groups compared with CMV-1 (p < 0.01). Fewer animals required yohimbine to reverse anesthesia in the HFPV than CMV-1 group (p < 0.05). Conclusions The HFPV mode of MV led to higher doses of ketamine/xylazine being used than the other modes of MV. Clinical relevance In rabbits, anesthetic dose for the maintenance of anesthesia varied with the mode of MV used. Investigators should be aware of the possibility that changing the mode of ventilation may lead to an alteration in the amount of drug required to maintain anesthesia. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Ft Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. EM michael.dubick@amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1467-2987 J9 VET ANAESTH ANALG JI Vet. Anaesth. Analg. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 34 IS 3 BP 157 EP 163 DI 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2006.00315.x PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 157UH UT WOS:000245746000002 PM 17444928 ER PT J AU Tieu, BH Holcomb, JB Schreiber, MA AF Tieu, Brandon H. Holcomb, John B. Schreiber, Martin A. TI Coagulopathy: Its pathophysiology and treatment in the injured patient SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; LR MODULATES HYPERCOAGULABILITY; LIFE-THREATENING COAGULOPATHY; LACTATED RINGERS SOLUTION; 753 CONSECUTIVE DEATHS; ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; INCREASED BLOOD-LOSS; LEVEL TRAUMA CENTER; HYPERTONIC SALINE; FLUID RESUSCITATION AB Hemorrhage continues to be one of the leading causes of death following trauma. Trauma patients are susceptible to the early development of coagulopathy and the most severely injured patients are coagulopathic on hospital admission. Hypothermia, acidosis, and dilution from standard resuscitation can worsen the presenting coagulopathy and perpetuate bleeding. Early identification of coagulopathy is dependent on clinical awareness and point of care laboratory values. Routinely used laboratory coagulation parameters fail to adequately describe this state. Thrombelastography is a test that can be done at the bedside and uses whole blood to provide a functional evaluation of coagulation. Rapid diagnosis of coagulopathy, followed by prevention or correction of hypothermia and acidosis should be a priority during the initial evaluation and resuscitation. Judicious use of resuscitation fluids and early replacement of coagulation factors will help prevent iatrogenic hemodilution. This review covers the pathophysiology as well as the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of coagulopathy. Prevention and treatment strategies are discussed, including early transfusion of coagulation factors during massive transfusion and the use of recombinant factor VIIa. Damage control resuscitation is briefly discussed, and it involves the combination of hypotensive resuscitation and hemostatic resuscitation. Finally, a description of the use of fresh whole blood in the military setting is included. Its use has been proven to be safe and beneficial in this setting and warrants further investigation as an adjunct to the management of civilian trauma patients. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Portland, OR 97239 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Trauma Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schreiber, MA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Div Trauma & Crit Care, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Rd L223A, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM schreibm@ohsu.edu NR 74 TC 129 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD MAY PY 2007 VL 31 IS 5 BP 1055 EP 1064 DI 10.1007/s00268-006-0653-9 PG 10 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 164LF UT WOS:000246234500022 PM 17426904 ER PT J AU Mantz, RA Fox, DM Green, JM Fylstra, PA De Long, HC Trulove, PC AF Mantz, Robert A. Fox, Douglas M. Green, J. Marshall, III Fylstra, Paul A. De Long, Hugh C. Trulove, Paul C. TI Dissolution of Biopolymers using ionic liquids SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION A-A JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE ionic liquids; silk; biopolymers; solubility; chitin; collagen; elastin ID MORI SILK FIBROIN; REGENERATION; SOLVENTS; ELASTIN; PROTEIN; FIBERS AB Ionic liquids represent a unique class of solvents that offer unprecedented versatility and tunability. Nature has developed a wide variety of materials based upon both proteins and polysaccharides. Many of these materials have unique properties that are a function not only of the material identity but are also largely dictated by processing conditions. Recent work has shown the potential of ionic liquids as solvents for the dissolution and processing of biopolymers. In this research we have expanded upon the limited data available to date using several biopolymers including: silk, chitin, collagen and elastin. C1 Army Res Off, Durham, NC 27703 USA. American Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USA, Off Sci Res, Chem & Life Sci Directorate, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Mantz, RA (reprint author), Army Res Off, Durham, NC 27703 USA. EM robert.a.mantz@us.army.mil NR 18 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 30 PU VERLAG Z NATURFORSCH PI TUBINGEN PA POSTFACH 2645, W-7400 TUBINGEN, GERMANY SN 0932-0784 J9 Z NATURFORSCH A JI Z. Naturfors. Sect. A-J. Phys. Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2007 VL 62 IS 5-6 BP 275 EP 280 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Physics GA 192DI UT WOS:000248180600008 ER PT J AU Lyons, A Kanesa-thasan, N Kuschner, RA Eckels, KH Putnak, R Sun, W Burge, R Towle, AC Wilson, P Tauber, E Vaughn, DW AF Lyons, Arthur Kanesa-thasan, Niranjan Kuschner, Robert A. Eckels, Kenneth H. Putnak, Robert Sun, Wellington Burge, Robert Towle, Andrew C. Wilson, Paul Tauber, Erich Vaughn, David W. TI A Phase 2 study of a purified, inactivated virus vaccine to prevent Japanese encephalitis SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Japanese encephalitis; vaccine; inactivated; virus ID B-ENCEPHALITIS; PROTECTION; SA14-14-2; IMMUNOGENICITY; ANTIBODY; POINTS AB Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a serious disease caused by the JE virus. New generation JE vaccines are needed to prevent this disease. We conducted this Phase 2 randomized, open label, unblinded, single center study of a new, cell-culture derived, purified inactivated virus (JE-PIV) vaccine. The JE-PIV vaccine was administered in either two or three intramuscular (IM) doses (6.0 or 12.0 mcg each) with observation over 8 weeks. All volunteers completed the protocol without serious adverse reactions. Headache and transient tenderness at the injection site were the most common complaints. There were no laboratory abnormalities believed to be related to vaccine during the study. JE-PIV was well tolerated, resulted in high seroconversion rates [Day 56 (primary endpoint); 95-100%] and induced enduring immune responses up to 2 years after vaccination. Expanded Phase 3 trials are planned. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Pilot Bioprod Facil, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Math & Biostat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. VaccGen Int LLC, Larchmont, NY USA. Intercell AG, Vienna, Austria. RP Lyons, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM arthur.lyons@na.amedd.army.mil RI Lyons, Arthur/B-8923-2011; OI Tauber, Erich/0000-0001-8042-2403 NR 36 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 30 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 17 BP 3445 EP 3453 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.12.046 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 165VP UT WOS:000246334500027 PM 17241714 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Lee, JK Grace, KA AF Taylor, Allen J. Lee, Jeannie K. Grace, Karen A. TI Pharmacy care programs and clinical outcomes - Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 25 PY 2007 VL 297 IS 16 BP 1772 EP 1772 DI 10.1001/jama.297.16.1772-a PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 160DW UT WOS:000245922100018 ER PT J AU Edelstein, A AF Edelstein, Alan TI Advances in magnetometry SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Review ID MAGNETIC TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; SPIN-VALVE SENSORS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; BALLISTIC MAGNETORESISTANCE; HIGH-SENSITIVITY; EXCHANGE; LAYERS; FILMS; MULTILAYERS AB This article describes many of the advances in magnetometry. Because much of the recent progress in magnetometry is built on current technology, and to put these advances in the proper perspective, a general discussion of magnetometry will also be presented. The progress includes a remarkable increase in the magnetoresistance of some devices, improved signal processing, and some new types of magnetometer. The large increase in magnetoresistance is a result of an increased understanding of quantum mechanical spin dominated transport in restricted geometries such as multilayers and magnetic tunnel junctions. The new types of magnetometer include magnetoelectric sensors, extraordinary magnetoresistance sensors, and sensors that incorporate MEMS technology. These advances in magnetometer technology offer orders of magnitude increases in sensitivity and/or large decreases in cost and power consumption. Major technological limitations of current magnetic sensors are also discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Edelstein, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 102 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 27 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD APR 25 PY 2007 VL 19 IS 16 AR 165217 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/19/16/165217 PG 28 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 168VL UT WOS:000246552000018 ER PT J AU Lisal, M Brennan, JK AF Lisal, Martin Brennan, John K. TI Alignment of lamellar diblock copolymer phases under shear: Insight from dissipative particle dynamics simulations SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TRANSITION AB Sheared self-assembled lamellar phases formed by symmetrical diblock copolymers are investigated through dissipative particle dynamics simulations. Our intent is to provide insight into the experimental observations that the lamellar phases adopt parallel alignment at low shear rates and perpendicular alignment at high shear rates and that it is possible to use shear to induce a transition from the parallel to perpendicular alignment. Simulations are initiated either from lamellar structures prepared under zero shear where lamellae are aligned into parallel, perpendicular, or transverse orientations with respect to the shear direction or from a disordered melt obtained by energy minimization of a random structure. We first consider the relative stability of the parallel and perpendicular phases by applying shear to lamellar structures initially aligned parallel and perpendicular to the shear direction, respectively. The perpendicular lamellar phase persists for all shear rates investigated, whereas the parallel lamellar phase is only stable at low shear rates, and it becomes unstable at high shear rates. At the high shear rates, the parallel lamellar phase first transforms into an unstable diagonal lamellar phase; and upon further increase of the shear rate, the parallel lamellar phase reorients into a perpendicular alignment. We further determine the preferential alignment of the lamellar phases at low shear rate by performing the simulations starting from either the initial transverse lamellar structure or the disordered melt. Since the low shear-rate simulations are plagued by the unstable diagonal lamellar phases, we vary the system size to achieve the natural spacing of the lamellae in the simulation box. In such cases, the unstable diagonal lamellar phases disappear and lamellar phases adopt the preferential alignment, either parallel or perpendicular. In agreement with the experimental observations, the simulations show that the lamellar phase preferentially adopts the parallel orientation at low shear rates and the perpendicular orientation at high shear rates. The simulations further reveal that the perpendicular lamellar phase has lower internal energy than the parallel lamellar phase, whereas the entropy production of the perpendicular lamellar phase is higher with respect to the parallel lamellar phase. Values of the internal energy and entropy production for the unstable diagonal lamellar phases lie between the corresponding values for the parallel and perpendicular lamellar phases. These simulation results suggest that the relative stability of the parallel and perpendicular lamellar phases at low shear rates is a result of the interplay between competing driving forces in the system: (a) the system's drive to adopt a structure with the lowest internal energy and (b) the system's drive to stay in a stationary nonequilibrium state with the lowest entropy production. C1 Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Chem Proc Fundamentals, E Hala Lab Thermodynam, CR-16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Lisal, M (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Chem Proc Fundamentals, E Hala Lab Thermodynam, CR-16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic. RI Lisal, Martin/A-8176-2011 OI Lisal, Martin/0000-0001-8005-7143 NR 24 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD APR 24 PY 2007 VL 23 IS 9 BP 4809 EP 4818 DI 10.1021/la063095c PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 157QX UT WOS:000245736400021 PM 17375943 ER PT J AU Akturk, A Goldsman, N Pennington, G Wickenden, A AF Akturk, Akin Goldsman, Neil Pennington, Gary Wickenden, Alma TI Terahertz current oscillations in single-walled zigzag carbon nanotubes SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOBILITY AB We report time-dependent terahertz current oscillations on an n=10 single-walled zigzag carbon nanotube (CNT) that is 100 nm long. To obtain transport characteristics in this CNT, we developed an ensemble Monte Carlo (MC) simulator, which self-consistently calculates the electron transport and electrical potential. The ensemble MC simulations indicate that, under certain dc bias and doping conditions, the average electron velocity and concentration oscillate. This leads to current oscillations in space and time, on the tube, and at the contacts. We attribute this to accumulation and depletion of the CNT electrons at different locations on the tube, giving rise to low and high density electron regions. These local dipoles are a result of intra- and intersubband scatterings and different subband dispersion relations. This in turn forms propagating dipoles and current oscillations. C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Akturk, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM akturka@glue.umd.edu NR 20 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 20 PY 2007 VL 98 IS 16 AR 166803 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.166803 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 159MW UT WOS:000245871200053 PM 17501447 ER PT J AU Lenz, DE Yeung, D Smith, JR Sweeney, RE Lumley, LA Cerasoli, DM AF Lenz, David E. Yeung, David Smith, J. Richard Sweeney, Richard E. Lumley, Lucille A. Cerasoli, Douglas M. TI Stoichiometric and catalytic scavengers as protection against nerve agent toxicity: A mini review SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Medical Chemical Defence Conference CY APR 26-27, 2006 CL Bundeswehr Med Acad, Munich, GERMANY SP Bundeswehr Inst Pharmaco & Technol HO Bundeswehr Med Acad DE chemical warfare nerve agents; bioscavengers; catalytic scavengers; soman; sarin; tabun; VX ID RECOMBINANT HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; RHESUS-MONKEYS; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE PROPHYLAXIS; PSEUDOMONAS-DIMINUTA; SOMAN TOXICITY; IN-VITRO; MICE; EXPRESSION; SARIN; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE AB Currently fielded treatments for nerve agent intoxication promote survival, but do not afford complete protection against either nerve agent-induced motor and cognitive deficits or neuronal pathology. The use of human plasma-derived butyrylcholinesterase (HuBuChE) to neutralize the toxic effects of nerve agents in vivo has been shown to both aid survival and protect against decreased cognitive function after nerve agent exposure. Recently, a commercially produced recombinant form of human butyrylcholinesterase (r-HuBuChE; PharmAthene Inc.) expressed in the milk of transgenic goats has become available. This material is biochemically similar to plasma-derived HuBuChE in in vitro assays. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of a polyethylene glycol coated (pegylated) form of r-HuBuChE were determined in guinea pigs; the enzyme was rapidly bioavailable with a half-life (t(1/2)) and pharmacokinetic profile that resembled that of plasma-derived huBuChE. Guinea pigs were injected with 140 mg/kg (i.m.) of pegylated r-HuBuChE 18 h prior to exposure (sc) to 5.5 x LD50 VX or soman. VX and soman were administered in a series of three injections of 1.5 x LD50, 2.0 x LD50, and 2.0 x LD50, respectively, with injections separated by 2 h. Pretreatment with pegylated r-HuBuChE provided 100% survival against multiple lethal doses of VX and soman. Guinea pigs displayed no signs of nerve agent toxicity following exposure. Assessments of motor activity, coordination, and acquisition of spatial memory were performed for 2 weeks following nerve agent exposure. There were no measurable decreases in motor or cognitive function during this period. In contrast, animals receiving 1.5 x LD50 challenges of soman or VX and treated with standard atropine, 2-PAM, and diazepam therapy showed 50 and 100% survival, respectively, but exhibited marked decrements in motor function and, in the case of GD, impaired spatial memory acquisition. The advances in this field have resulted in the decision to select both the plasma-derived and the recombinant form of BuChE for advanced development and transition to clinical trials. Efforts have now been expanded to identify a catalytic protein capable of not only binding, but also rapidly hydrolyzing the standard threat nerve agents. Recent work has focused on paraoxonase-1 (PON1), a naturally occurring human serum enzyme with the capacity to catalyze the hydrolysis of nerve agents, albeit too slowly to afford dramatic protection. Using rational design, several amino acids involved in substrate binding have been identified and site-directed mutations have revealed that residue H115 plays an important role in binding. In addition, the stereospecificity of PON1 for the catalytic hydrolysis of soman has been examined. The enzyme exhibits a slight stereospecificity for the C+P+ isomer of soman, which is due more to preferential binding than to selective hydrolysis of this isomer. The results suggest that it may be possible to engineer a mutant form of PON1 with enhanced activity and stereospecificity for the most toxic nerve agent isoforms. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Res, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RESECO Res Engn Consultants, Nottingham, PA 19362 USA. RP Lenz, DE (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Res, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM david.lenz@us.army.mil OI /0000-0001-5692-0170 NR 50 TC 121 Z9 123 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD APR 20 PY 2007 VL 233 IS 1-3 BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2006.11.066 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 164IF UT WOS:000246226400007 PM 17188793 ER PT J AU Koplovitz, I Schulz, S Railer, R Sigler, M Kelleher, C Shutz, M AF Koplovitz, Irwin Schulz, Susan Railer, Roy Sigler, Melinda Kelleher, Cristin Shutz, Michael TI The effect of atropine dosage on the efficacy of other pretreatment and treatment medical countermeasures for nerve agent intoxication SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 10th International Medical Chemical Defence Conference CY APR 26-27, 2006 CL Bundeswehr Med Acad, Munich, GERMANY SP Bundeswehr Inst Pharmaco & Technol HO Bundeswehr Med Acad C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD APR 20 PY 2007 VL 233 IS 1-3 BP 232 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2006.04.020 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 164IF UT WOS:000246226400043 ER PT J AU Kende, M Tan, XL Wlazlowski, C Williams, R Lindsey, C Del Giudicec, G AF Kende, Meir Tan, Xiaolian Wlazlowski, Carly Williams, Rebecca Lindsey, Changhong Del Giudicec, Giuseppe TI Enhancement of intranasal vaccination with recombinant chain A ricin vaccine (rRV) in mice by the mucosal adjuvants LTK63 and LTR72 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th World Congress on Vaccines, Immunisation and Immunotherapy CY NOV 06-09, 2006 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Infect Control World Org DE intranasal vaccination; mucosal adjuvants; ricin vaccine; aerosol ricin challenge ID HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CHOLERA-TOXIN AB Intranasal (i.n.) vaccination of mice with three doses of 40 jig of rRV stimulated low anti-ricin ELISA and neutralizing antibody responses, which were only marginally protective against aerosol-delivered 5-10 LD50 of ricin toxin. To enhance the protection, and to reduce the lung injury of vaccinated mice that survived ricin toxin challenge, the mucosal adjuvant LTK63 or LTR72, two mutants of Escherichia coli LT enterotoxin adjuvant was administered with rRV. The safety of intranasally administered LTR63 was assessed as well. With 4, 2, or I fig of LTR63, the anti-ricin ELISA serum immunoglobulin geometric mean titer (GMT) increased up to 147-, 356-, 493-, and 17-fold for IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA, respectively. The comparable increases for GMTs of IgG and IgG I in the presence LTR72 were up to 147-, and 617-fold, respectively. All three dose levels of LTK63 enhanced the ELISA GMTs in the lung lavage up to 192-, 22-, 4-, and 5-fold for IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA, respectively. Compared to GMT of rRV alone, the serum-neutralizing antibody GMTs for the three dose levels were enhanced up to 11-fold with LTK63. LTK63 augmented the ricin-related lymphoproliferative response of the cultured spleen lymphocytes and of the isolated CD4+ T lymphocytes. In the cultured lymphocytes, LTK63 stimulated predominantly TH1 cytokines. While only 10% of the mice that were vaccinated with rRV survived lethal challenge, in the presence of LTK63 or LTR72, the respective survival rates were augmented to 100%. Compared to the surviving mice vaccinated with rRV alone, the vaccine with LTK63 or LTR72 did not attenuate the extent of the ricin-related lung injury at a single or two time-points, respectively. Safety of LTK63 administration was indicated by the absence of histopathological changes in every organ, including the lungs and in the central nervous systems (CNS) of the mice during the entire 92 days of the study. In the nasal passages of the mice that received LTK63, a transient in flammal ion occurred without permanent epithelial changes. Administration of three dose levels of the adjuvant in the presence of rRV caused no additional changes. LTK63 and LTR72 both were very effective and safe mucosal adjuvants at all three dose levels employed in these studies. Both significantly enhanced the protection of a marginally effective dose of rRV against aerosol-delivered ricin challenge. LTK63 stimulated cytokines, which could be Surrogate markers of efficacy, with human relevance potential. In spite of the better efficacy, rRV with LTK63, or with LTR72, failed to reduce the ricin-related lung injury. Most likely, a larger than suboptimal dose could resolve the lung injury of the vaccinated mice in the presence of a larger dose of the mucosal adjuvant. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biol Mol, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Novartis Vaccines, I-53100 Siena, Italy. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Off Regulated Studies, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Kende, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biol Mol, Div Toxicol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM meir.kende@amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 20 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 16 SI SI BP 3219 EP 3227 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.01.036 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 162NU UT WOS:000246095400047 PM 17343960 ER PT J AU Allen, JL Jow, TR Wolfenstine, J AF Allen, Jan L. Jow, T. Richard Wolfenstine, Jeffrey TI Kinetic study of the electrochemical FePO4 to LiFePO4 phase transition SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; CONDUCTIVITY; NUCLEATION; GROWTH AB The electrochemical phase transformation of carbon-coated nanophase (60-70 nm) FePO4 to LiFePO4 has been investigated by use of the Avrami-Johnson-Mehl-Eroofev equation. The analysis shows an Avrami exponent equal to 1, which is indicative of one-dimensional growth. The analysis does not support the conventional shrinking core model for the electrochemical conversion of FePO4 to LiFePO4. Analysis of the Avrami exponent reveals that the phase transformation is not controlled by diffusion but by a phase boundary reaction. Measurements at different temperatures allowed for an estimate of the activation energy, which was found to be about 13 kJ/mol for the electrochemical FePO4 to LiFePO4 transformation. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Allen, JL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jallen@arl.army.mil NR 24 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD APR 17 PY 2007 VL 19 IS 8 BP 2108 EP 2111 DI 10.1021/cm062963o PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 155AI UT WOS:000245549500033 ER PT J AU Laoprasopwattana, K Libraty, DH Endy, TP Nisalak, A Chunsuttiwat, S Ennis, FA Rothman, AL Green, S AF Laoprasopwattana, Kamolwish Libraty, Daniel H. Endy, Timothy P. Nisalak, Ananda Chunsuttiwat, Supamit Ennis, Francis A. Rothman, Alan L. Green, Sharone TI Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity mediated by plasma obtained before secondary dengue virus infections: Potential involvement in early control of viral replication SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY DEC 11-15, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg ID MHC CLASS-I; PRIMARY-SCHOOL CHILDREN; DISEASE SEVERITY; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; DENDRITIC CELLS; KAMPHAENG PHET; CYTO-TOXICITY; HIV-INFECTION; UP-REGULATION; DV INFECTION AB Background. Preexisting dengue virus (DV)-specific antibodies from prior heterologous DV infection may have several effects in secondary DV infection. These antibodies may mediate protective effects by means of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), in which virus-specific antibodies bind to the surface of heterologous DV-infected cells and mediate natural killer cell lysis. In the present study, we examined the ability of plasma obtained before secondary DV infection to induce ADCC of DV-infected cells. Methods. Plasma samples were obtained before DV2 or DV3 infection in a prospective cohort study of Thai schoolchildren. The ADCC activity in the plasma samples was measured by Cr-51-release assay, using persistently DV2- or DV3-infected Raji cells as targets. Results. ADCC activity in plasma obtained before secondary infection directly correlated with neutralizing antibody titers, anti-DV immunoglobulin G1 levels, and a multitypic 50% plaque reduction neutralization test pattern. ADCC activity in pre-secondary DV3 infection plasma samples inversely correlated with plasma viremia levels, but no such correlation was seen in pre-secondary DV2 infection plasma samples. ADCC activity did not correlate with disease severity in subsequent secondary DV2 or DV3 infection but was lowest in plasma from patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever due to secondary DV3 infection. Conclusions. ADCC may contribute to the early control of secondary DV3 viremia in vivo. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Prince Songkla Univ, Dept Pediat, Songkhla, Thailand. USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Communicable Dis Control, Div Gen Communicable Dis, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Green, S (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, 55 Lake Ave N,Rm S6-862, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM sharone.green@umassmed.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [K08 AI01729, P01 AI34533, U19 AI057319] NR 44 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2007 VL 195 IS 8 BP 1108 EP 1116 DI 10.1086/512860 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 153AW UT WOS:000245405100006 PM 17357046 ER PT J AU Parthasarathy, R Bykhovski, A Gelmont, B Globus, T Swami, N Woolard, D AF Parthasarathy, Ramakrishnan Bykhovski, Alexei Gelmont, Boris Globus, Tatiana Swami, Nathan Woolard, Dwight TI Enhanced coupling of subterahertz radiation with semiconductor periodic slot arrays SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EXTRAORDINARY OPTICAL-TRANSMISSION; SUBWAVELENGTH HOLE ARRAYS; LIGHT TRANSMISSION; METALLIC GRATINGS; RESONANCES; APERTURES; FILMS; INSB; THIN AB In this work, a theoretical study of the coupling of TM polarized subterahertz ( THz) radiation with periodic semiconductor rectangular slot arrays was conducted, using InSb as an example. Simulation results showed that the structure with 4-12 mu m thickness provides over a 20-30-fold increase in the electric field at slot edges in a nanosize region (similar to 500 nm). The enhancement of the THz electromagnetic field extends across the slots and reaches peak values at the edges due to discontinuity effects. Because of the strong local electromagnetic field enhancement, the structure can potentially be used for the development of novel biophotonic sensors, leading to improved detection sensitivity. C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Parthasarathy, R (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM gb7k@virginia.edu NR 30 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 13 PY 2007 VL 98 IS 15 AR 153906 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.153906 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 157AQ UT WOS:000245691400033 PM 17501354 ER PT J AU Little, SF Ivins, BE Webster, WM Norris, SLW Andrews, GP AF Little, S. F. Ivins, B. E. Webster, W. M. Norris, S. L. W. Andrews, G. P. TI Effect of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant and formaldehyde in the formulation of rPA anthrax vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE bacillus anthracis PA vaccine formulation; rabbit animal model; aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvant; Formaldehyde ID RECOMBINANT PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; GUINEA-PIGS; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; INTRANASAL CHALLENGE; PASSIVE PROTECTION; SPORE CHALLENGE; RHESUS MACAQUES; TOXIN AB The serological response and efficacy of Bacillus anthracis recombinant protective antigen (rPA) vaccines formulated with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant, either with or without formaldehyde, were evaluated in rabbits. Rabbits that had been injected with a single dose of 25 mu g of rPA adsorbed to 500 mu g of aluminum in aluminum hydroxide gel (Alhydrogel) had a significantly higher quantitative anti-rPA IgG ELISA titers (p < 0.0001) and toxin neutralizing antibody (TNA) assay titers (p < 0.0001) than rabbits tested at the next lowest concentration of aluminum (158 mu g). Rabbits injected with two doses of 50 mu g of rPA formulated with 500 mu g of aluminum also had significantly higher serological responses, as measured by a quantitative anti-rPA IgG ELISA (p < 0.0001) and TNA assay (p < 0.0001), than sera from rabbits injected with a rPA vaccine formulated without adjuvant. Short-term protection against an aerosol spore challenge (448 LD50), however, was not significantly different between the two groups (12/12 and 11/12, respectively). Rabbits injected with a single dose of 50 mu g of rPA formulated with 500 mu g of aluminum and 0.2% formaldehyde had significantly higher ELISA (p < 0.0001) and TNA assay (p < 0.0001) titers than rabbits that had been injected with a rPA vaccine formulated with adjuvant but without formaldehyde. Short-term protection against a 125 LD50 parenteral spore challenge, however, was not significantly different between the two groups (14/24 and 9/24, respectively; p = 0.2476). Under the conditions tested in the rabbit animal model, significantly higher serological responses were observed in rabbits that had been injected with rPA formulated with aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvant and formaldehyde. However, differences in short-term efficacy were not observed. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Goldbelt Ravel LLC, Res Support Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Little, SF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM stephen.little@amedd.army.mil NR 50 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 12 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 15 BP 2771 EP 2777 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.12.043 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158WL UT WOS:000245825800005 PM 17240008 ER PT J AU Fogg, CN Americo, JL Lustig, S Huggins, JW Smith, SK Damon, I Resch, W Earl, PL Klinman, DM Moss, B AF Fogg, Christiana N. Americo, Jeffrey L. Lustig, Shlomo Huggins, John W. Smith, Scott K. Damon, Inger Resch, Wolfgang Earl, Patricia L. Klinman, Dennis M. Moss, Bernard TI Adjuvant-enhanced antibody responses to recombinant proteins correlates with protection of mice and monkeys to orthopoxvirus challenges SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE smallpox; monkeypox; vaccinia virus ID EXTRACELLULAR ENVELOPED VIRUS; T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; MONOPHOSPHORYL-LIPID-A; VACCINIA VIRUS; SMALLPOX VACCINE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SAPONIN ADJUVANT; POXVIRUS INFECTION; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; CPG MOTIFS AB Recombinant proteins are being evaluated as smallpox and monkeypox vaccines because of their perceived safety compared to live vaccinia virus. Previously, we demonstrated that three or more injections of a Ribi-type adjuvant with a combination of three proteins from the outer membranes of intracellular (L1 protein) and extracellular (A33 and B5 proteins) forms of vaccinia virus protected mice against a lethal intranasal challenge with vaccinia virus. Here, we compared several adjuvants and found that QS-21 and to a lesser extent alum+CpG oligodeoxynucleotides accelerated and enhanced neutralizing antibody responses to a mixture of L1 and A33 proteins, provided the highest ratio of IgG2a to IgG1 isotype response, and protected mice against disease and death after only two immunizations 3 weeks apart. In addition, monkeys immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus proteins and QS-21 developed neutralizing antibody to monkeypox virus and had reduced virus load, skin lesions, and morbidity compared to the non-immunized group following monkeypox virus challenge. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 NIAID, NIH, Viral Dis Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FDA, Div Viral Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Moss, B (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, Viral Dis Lab, 33 N Dr MSC3210,Bldg 33,Room 1E13C-1, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM bmoss@nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIAID NIH HHS [U54 AI057168, RCE-U54-AI57168, Z01 AI000979-01] NR 63 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 12 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 15 BP 2787 EP 2799 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.12.037 PG 13 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158WL UT WOS:000245825800007 PM 17229505 ER PT J AU Kamrud, KI Custer, M Dudek, JM Owens, G Alterson, KD Lee, JS Groebner, JL Smith, JF AF Kamrud, K. I. Custer, M. Dudek, J. M. Owens, G. Alterson, K. D. Lee, J. S. Groebner, J. L. Smith, J. F. TI Alphavirus replicon approach to promoterless analysis of IRES elements SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE alphavirus; replicon; IRES; dicistronic vector; promoterless; VEE; EMCV; EV71 ID EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; TRACT BINDING-PROTEIN; RIBOSOME ENTRY SITE; MAJOR ENVELOPE PROTEINS; MESSENGER-RNA SEQUENCES; INTERNAL INITIATION; DNA VACCINE; GENE-EXPRESSION; HEPATITIS-C; CODON USAGE AB Here we describe a system for promoterless analysis of putative internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements using an alphavirus (family Togaviridae) replicon vector. The system uses the alphavirus subgenomic promoter to produce transcripts that, when modified to contain a spacer region upstream of an IRES element, allow analysis of cap-independent translation of genes of interest (GOI). If the IRES element is removed, translation of the subgenomic transcript can be reduced >95% compared to the same transcript containing a functional IRES element. Alphavirus replicons, used in this manner, offer an alternative to standard dicistronic DNA vectors or in vitro translation systems currently used to analyze putative IRES elements. In addition, protein expression levels varied depending on the spacer element located upstream of each IRES. The ability to modulate the level of expression from alphavirus vectors should extend the utility of these vectors in vaccine development. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 AlphaVax Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Kamrud, KI (reprint author), AlphaVax Inc, 2 Triangle Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kamrud@alphavax.com OI Groebner, Jennifer/0000-0003-1503-5030 FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI057286, U01 AI057286-03, U01 AI057286-04] NR 63 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD APR 10 PY 2007 VL 360 IS 2 BP 376 EP 387 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2006.10.049 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 155GO UT WOS:000245566100013 PM 17156813 ER PT J AU Tracy, FT AF Tracy, F. T. TI Three-dimensional analytical solutions of Richards' equation for a box-shaped soil sample with piecewise-constant head boundary conditions on the top SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE groundwater modeling; unsaturated flow; vadose zone; Richards' equation; analytical solutions AB In a recent paper by this author, analytical solutions of Richards' equation for three-dimensional (3-D) unsaturated flow were derived for a box-shaped soil sample. The same concepts are used in this paper, except that a complicated specified head boundary condition on the top of the soil sample used in the previous paper is replaced by a simple piecewise-constant specified head boundary condition. This author has concluded that both solutions are very valuable in testing numerical models using the finite element/volume/difference computational techniques. These analytical solutions were originally derived to test parallel high performance computing groundwater programs, but it has been found that two-dimensional, versions of these solutions are also good for testing on PCs. in particular, the efficiency and accuracy of the linear and nonlinear solvers can be scrutinized effectively using these sotutions. Anatytical solutions for Richards' equation are difficult to derive because of the highly nonlinear aspect of this partial differential equation. However, the quasi-linear approximation of the log of relative hydraulic conductivity varying linearly with pressure head coupled with relative hydraulic conductivity varying linearly with moisture content allows Richards' equation to be transformed into a linear partial differential equation. Physically reasonable material properties are also achieved in this approximation, although modeling of real-world problems is limited by this assumption. Despite these limitations, the resulting analytical solutions have proven to be extremely valuable in testing groundwater models. As in the previous paper, a transformation based on the assumptions stated above, separation of variables, and Fourier series are used to obtain the final solution. Steady-state and transient solutions for two different boundary conditions of the test problem are provided in this paper. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Tracy, FT (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Fred.T.Tracy@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD APR 7 PY 2007 VL 336 IS 3-4 BP 391 EP 400 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.01.011 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 156NS UT WOS:000245656800012 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS Gruber, SA Yurgelun-Todd, DA AF Killgore, William D. S. Gruber, Staci A. Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah A. TI Depressed mood and lateralized prefrontal activity during a Stroop task in adolescent children SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE FMRI; neuroimaging; adolescence; depression; mood; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; anterior cingulate; amygdala; limbic system; development ID FRONTAL ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC ASYMMETRY; BRAIN; INVENTORY; EMOTION; FMRI; MRI; PERFORMANCE; DISORDER AB Negative affective style and depressive disorders share a common pattern of brain activation asymmetry in adults, characterized by reduced left relative to right prefrontal activation. It is not clear whether a similar pattern of asymmetry is related to depressive mood state during the period of adolescence, an important stage of emotional and brain development. We correlated Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores from 16 adolescents with prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and amygdala activity during functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) of the Stroop Interference task. Depressed mood correlated positively with activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate gyrus, and negatively with activity in the right DLPFC. When interpreted from a compensatory recruitment perspective, findings suggest that affective lateralization in adolescents is consistent with that seen in adulthood. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Med, McLean Hosp, Cognit Neuroimaging Lab, Belmont, MA 02478 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM killgore@mclean.harvard.edu OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 FU NICHD NIH HHS [1 R03 HD41542-01, R03 HD041542]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH069840] NR 30 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD APR 6 PY 2007 VL 416 IS 1 BP 43 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.01.081 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 161TL UT WOS:000246038900009 PM 17350756 ER PT J AU Bailey, TR Rippin, SR Opsitnick, E Burns, CJ Pevear, DC Collett, MS Rhodes, G Tohan, S Huggins, JW Baker, RO Kern, ER Keith, KA Dai, DC Yang, G Hruby, D Jordan, R AF Bailey, Thomas R. Rippin, Susan R. Opsitnick, Elizabeth Burns, Christopher J. Pevear, Daniel C. Collett, Marc S. Rhodes, Gerry Tohan, Sanjeev Huggins, John W. Baker, Robert O. Kern, Earl R. Keith, Kathy A. Dai, Dongcheng Yang, Guang Hruby, Dennis Jordan, Robert TI N-(3,3a,4,4a,5,5a,6,6a-octahydro-1,3-dioxo-4,6-ethenocycloprop[f]isoindo l-2-(1H)-yl)carboxamides: Identification of novel orthopoxvirus egress inhibitors SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SMALLPOX; CIDOFOVIR AB A series of novel, potent orthopoxvirus egress inhibitors was identified during high-throughput screening of the ViroPharma small molecule collection. Using structure-activity relationship information inferred from early hits, several compounds were synthesized, and compound 14 was identified as a potent, orally bioavailable first-in-class inhibitor of orthopoxvirus egress from infected cells. Compound 14 has shown comparable efficaciousness in three murine orthopoxvirus models and has entered Phase I clinical trials. C1 ViroPharma Inc, Exton, PA 19341 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. SIGA Technol Inc, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Bailey, TR (reprint author), Cephalon Inc, 145 Brandywine Pkwy, W Chester, PA 19380 USA. EM tbailey@cephalon.com FU NIAID NIH HHS [R43 AI056409, 1 R43 AI056409-01, N01AI15439, 1-U54-AI-057157, U54 AI057157, N01-AI-30049, N01 AI30049, N01-AI-15439, N01AI30049] NR 11 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD APR 5 PY 2007 VL 50 IS 7 BP 1442 EP 1444 DI 10.1021/jm061484y PG 3 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 150ZV UT WOS:000245259000002 PM 17335190 ER PT J AU Gibert, M Marvaud, JC Pereira, Y Hale, ML Stiles, BG Boquet, P Lamaze, C Popoff, MR AF Gibert, Maryse Marvaud, Jean Christophe Pereira, Yannick Hale, Martha L. Stiles, Bradley G. Boquet, Patrice Lamaze, Christophe Popoff, Michel R. TI Differential requirement for the translocation of clostridial binary toxins: Iota toxin requires a membrane potential gradient SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Iota toxin; C2 toxin; membrane potential; translocation; endocytosis; Clostridium ID BOTULINUM C2 TOXIN; FLUORESCENCE-ACTIVATED CYTOMETRY; ANTHRAX PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; LIPID BILAYER-MEMBRANES; SPIROFORME TOXIN; PROTEIN TOXINS; SHIGA TOXIN; ENDOCYTIC PATHWAY; BINDING-COMPONENT; DEPENDENT PROCESS AB Clostridial binary toxins, such as Clostridium perfringens Iota and Clostridium botulinum C2, are composed of a binding protein (Ib and C2-II, respectively) that recognizes distinct membrane receptors and mediates internalization of a catalytic protein (Ia and C2-I, respectively) with ADP-ribosyltransferase activity that depolymerizes the actin cytoskeleton. After internalization, it was found that C2 and Iota toxins were not routed to the Golgi apparatus and exhibited differential sensitivity to inhibitors of endosome acidification. While the C2-I component of C2 toxin was translocated into the cytosol from early endosomes, translocation of the la component of Iota toxin occurred between early and late endosomes, was dependent on more acidic conditions, and uniquely required a membrane potential gradient. (c) 2007 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Inst Pasteur, Paris, France. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol & Mol Biol, Toxinol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. INSERM, U452, Fac Med, Nice, France. Inst Curie, CNRS, UMR 144, Lab Traf & Signalisat, F-75231 Paris, France. RP Popoff, MR (reprint author), Inst Pasteur, Paris, France. EM mpopoff@pasteur.fr NR 59 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD APR 3 PY 2007 VL 581 IS 7 BP 1287 EP 1296 DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.02.041 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 160CB UT WOS:000245913300006 PM 17350628 ER PT J AU Tunick, A AF Tunick, Arnold TI Statistical analysis of optical turbulence intensity over a 2.33 km propagation path SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID INDEX STRUCTURE PARAMETER; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; LASER-BEAM; SCINTILLATION; FLUCTUATIONS; ATMOSPHERE; C-N(2); BULK; CN2 AB Refractive index and microclimate fluctuations can significantly affect free-space laser communications. To better understand these physics relationships, optical scintillometer data were collected over a near-horizontal propagation path along with in-situ rooftop measurements of temperature variance. Regression analysis of time-averaged data revealed that fairly high correlation values (i.e., R = 0.80) occurred in 8 of 21 cases studied. Analysis suggests that point sensors can provide valuable information on optical turbulence for extended paths. Additional research is recommended to further explore point measurements and their relation to integrated values of optical turbulence over inhomogeneous paths. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tunick, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM atunick@arl.army.mil NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD APR 2 PY 2007 VL 15 IS 7 BP 3619 EP 3628 DI 10.1364/OE.15.003619 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 153BJ UT WOS:000245406400001 PM 19532606 ER PT J AU Espinola, RL Jacobs, EL Halford, CE Vollmerhausen, R Tofsted, DH AF Espinola, Richard L. Jacobs, Eddie L. Halford, Carl E. Vollmerhausen, Richard Tofsted, David H. TI Modeling the target acquisition performance of active imaging systems SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID MODULATION TRANSFER-FUNCTION; ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; LASER-BEAMS; PROPAGATION AB Recent development of active imaging system technology in the defense and security community have driven the need for a theoretical understanding of its operation and performance in military applications such as target acquisition. In this paper, the modeling of active imaging systems, developed at the U. S. Army RDECOM CERDEC Night Vision & Electronic Sensors Directorate, is presented with particular emphasis on the impact of coherent effects such as speckle and atmospheric scintillation. Experimental results from human perception tests are in good agreement with the model results, validating the modeling of coherent effects as additional noise sources. Example trade studies on the design of a conceptual active imaging system to mitigate deleterious coherent effects are shown. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Univ Memphis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Espinola, RL (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM richard.espinola@gmail.com; eljacobs@memphis.edu; chalford@memphis.edu; vollmerhausen@hughes.net; dtofsted@arl.army.mil NR 31 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD APR 2 PY 2007 VL 15 IS 7 BP 3816 EP 3832 DI 10.1364/OE.15.003816 PG 17 WC Optics SC Optics GA 153BJ UT WOS:000245406400021 PM 19532626 ER PT J AU Kijak, GH Janini, M Tovanabutra, S Sanders-Buell, EE Birx, DL Robb, ML Michael, NL McCutchan, FE AF Kijak, Gustavo H. Janini, Mario Tovanabutra, Sodsai Sanders-Buell, Eric E. Birx, Debora L. Robb, Merlin L. Michael, Nelson L. McCutchan, Francine E. TI HyperPack: A software package for the study of levels, contexts, and patterns of APOBEC-mediated hypermutation in HIV SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; G->A HYPERMUTATION; IN-VIVO; DNA; RESTRICTION; DEAMINATION; SEQUENCES; GENOMES AB G-to-A hypermutation, a massive substitution of G for A, was first observed in HIV genomes 15 years ago. Initially ascribed to fluctuating nucleotide pools or PCR errors, it has now been recognized as the result of an important host-defense mechanism mediated by APOBECs, a family of sequence-specific cytidine deaminases. Levels of hypermutation vary, and APOBECs have different preferences for the sequence context of cytidines targeted for deamination; analysis of hypermutation provides important information about the host-virus interaction during viral replication. Here we present HyperPack, a software package to support systematic characterization of hypermutated sequences. Users can define the context of substitution for independent study of the effects of different APOBECs. The SubstrateScan and HyperScan modules are overlapping sliding-window strategies to analyze the distribution of targeted motifs and their substitution levels, respectively, across the viral genome. HyperPack is a platform-flexible, Java stand-alone application available through http://www.hivresearch.org/hyperpack/. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Kijak, GH (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM gkijak@hivresearch.org RI Janini, Luiz Mario/E-9700-2012 NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 2007 VL 23 IS 4 BP 554 EP 557 DI 10.1089/aid.2006.0279 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 160AN UT WOS:000245909300010 PM 17451344 ER PT J AU Swanberg, MM AF Swanberg, Margaret M. TI Memantine for behavioral disturbances in frontotemporal dementia - A case series SO ALZHEIMER DISEASE & ASSOCIATED DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE behavioral complications; memantine; agitation ID NEUROPSYCHIATRIC INVENTORY; DISEASE PATIENTS; SYMPTOMS; PREVALENCE; DONEPEZIL AB Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is one of the more common presenile dementias. Unlike Alzheimer disease, there are no approved medications to treat this debilitating condition. Objective: To report the response of memantine on the behavioral manifestations of FTD. Design: Case series of 3 patients diagnosed with FTD and treated with memantine. Results: All 3 patients showed an improvement in total Neuropsychiatric Inventory score with specific improvements in the subscale scores of apathy, agitation, and anxiety. Memantine was well tolerated in all patients. Conclusions: This small case series supports the notion that memantine may have a beneficial effect on the neuropsychiatric symptoms of FTD and should be further studied in a prospective clinical trial. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Swanberg, MM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Margaret.Swanberg@us.army.mil NR 17 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-0341 J9 ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS JI Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 164 EP 166 DI 10.1097/WAD.0b013e318047df5d PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 177AO UT WOS:000247126200016 PM 17545743 ER PT J AU Atwood, JE Myers, JN Tang, XC Reda, DJ Singh, SN Singh, BN AF Atwood, J. Edwin Myers, Jonathan N. Tang, X. Charlene Reda, Domenic J. Singh, Steven N. Singh, Bramah N. TI Exercise capacity in atrial fibrillation: A substudy of the Sotalol-Amiodarone Atrial Fibrillation Efficacy Trial (SAFE-T) SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RHYTHM CONTROL; GAS-EXCHANGE; SINUS RHYTHM; CARDIOVERSION; PERFORMANCE; BLOCKADE AB Background Therapy for chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) focuses on rate versus rhythm control, but little is known about the effects of common therapeutic interventions on exercise tolerance in AF. Methods Six hundred fifty-five patients with chronic AF underwent maximal exercise testing at baseline and 8 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year after randomization to sotalol, amiodarone, or placebo therapy and attempted direct current cardioversion. Analyses of baseline determinants of exercise capacity, predictors of change in exercise capacity at 6 months and 1 year, and the short- and long-term effects of cardioversion on exercise capacity were made. Results Age, obesity, and presence of symptoms accompanying AF were inversely associated with baseline exercise capacity, but these factors accounted for only 10% of the variance in exercise capacity. Patients most likely to benefit from cardioversion were those most limited initially, younger, not obese or hypertensive, and with an uncontrolled ventricular rate at baseline. Conversion to sinus rhythm (SR) resulted in significant reductions in resting (approximate to 25 beat/min) and peak exercise (approximate to 40 beat/min) heart rates at 6 months and 1 year (P < .001). Successful cardioversion improved exercise capacity by 15% at 8 weeks, and these improvements were maintained throughout the year. This improvement was observed both among those who maintained SR and those with intermittent AF. Conclusion Cardioversion resulted in a sustained improvement in exercise capacity over the course of 1 year, and this improvement was similar between those in SR and those with SR and recurrent AF. Patients most likely to improve with treatment tended to be younger and nonobese and have the greatest limitations initially. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hines, IL USA. RP Atwood, JE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM john.otwood@amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 153 IS 4 BP 566 EP 572 DI 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.12.020 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 158IE UT WOS:000245784200019 PM 17383295 ER PT J AU Starkey, PL AF Lee Starkey, P. TI Jumping the gun (General Homma, Bataan Death Match) SO AMERICAN HERITAGE LA English DT Letter C1 USA, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Starkey, PL (reprint author), USA, Norfolk, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HERITAGE SUBSCRIPTION DEPT PI NEW YORK PA FORBES BUILDING 60 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-8738 J9 AM HERITAGE JI Am. Herit. PD APR-MAY PY 2007 VL 58 IS 2 BP 7 EP 7 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 159PZ UT WOS:000245879900002 ER PT J AU Walker, KP Schuschereba, ST Edsall, PR Stuck, BE Bowman, PD AF Walker, K. P., III Schuschereba, S. T. Edsall, P. R. Stuck, B. E. Bowman, P. D. TI Production of a uniform cellular injury by raster scanning of cells for the study of laser bioeffects SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide laser ID INTENSE LIGHT SOURCES; THERMAL-INJURY; TISSUE; KERATINOCYTES; HISTOLOGY; SURVIVAL; ARPE-19; LESIONS; LINE AB Efforts to understand laser bioeffects in cells and tissues have been hindered by a nonuniform cellular response of the specimen, resulting in graded biochemical effects. In addition, the small beam diameters of commonly used lasers limit the number of cells expressing a response to numbers inadequate for the study of biochemical effects. For a limited emission power, expansion of the beam diameter reduces the irradiance, thus requiring longer exposure durations to produce a cellular response. Cultured human retinal epithelial cells were exposed as a single spot (" tophat" exposure) from a carbon dioxide ( CO2) laser operating at 10.6 mu m or scanned with a raster system and compared with thermal injury produced with heated saline for short periods ( 1 - 9 s) at relatively high temperature ( 55 - 70 degrees C). Cell viability and induction of the 70 kDa heat shock protein were evaluated as indicators of the cellular response. Initial attempts to use a tophat ( uniform energy distribution) exposure resulted in a nonuniform cellular response ( and nonuniform energy distribution) due to diffraction effects from the 2- mm selection aperture. However, raster scanning for appropriate times with the CO2 laser yielded uniform cell viability and heat shock protein synthesis that were comparable to dipping cells in heated saline. Because scanning results in a homogeneous exposure of cells, the described scanning technique may be applied to studies of cellular responses to other lasers to evaluate photochemical and photomechanical effects. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Brooks City Base, TX USA. RP Bowman, PD (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chamber Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM phillip.bowman@amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 292 IS 4 BP C1536 EP C1542 DI 10.1152/ajpcell.00348.2006 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 188RG UT WOS:000247936400037 PM 17122415 ER PT J AU Bleckner, LL Buckenniaier, CC AF Bleckner, Lisa L. Buckenniaier, Chester C., III TI Continuous peripheral nerve catheters in patients receiving low molecular weight heparin SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Army Reg Anesthesia & Pain Management Initiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bleckner, LL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Army Reg Anesthesia & Pain Management Initiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM chester.buckenmaier@na.amedd.army.mil OI Buckenmaier III, Chester/0000-0003-3623-5525 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD APR PY 2007 VL 104 IS 4 BP 991 EP 991 DI 10.1213/01.ane.0000258800.86589.57 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 152OS UT WOS:000245371900050 PM 17377123 ER PT J AU Mehta, SG Meyermann, M AF Mehta, Sumeru G. Meyermann, Mark TI Images in emergency medicine - Traumatic aortic transection. SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Houston, TX USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Mehta, SG (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Houston, TX USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 49 IS 4 BP 408 EP + DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.07.938 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 151ME UT WOS:000245293700003 PM 17371706 ER PT J AU Nava, S Lareschi, M Rebollo, C Usher, CB Beati, L Robbins, RG Durden, LA Mangold, AJ Guglielmone, A AF Nava, S. Lareschi, M. Rebollo, C. Usher, C. Benitez Beati, L. Robbins, R. G. Durden, L. A. Mangold, A. J. Guglielmone, A. TI The ticks (Acari : Ixodida : Argasidae, ixodidae) of Paraguay SO ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMBLYOMMA-TIGRINUM ACARI; 16S RDNA SEQUENCES; PARASITIZING HUMANS; HOSTS; KOCH; ARGENTINA; SOUTH; ANAPLASMOSIS; BABESIOSIS; IXODOIDEA AB The ticks reported in Paraguay, which are here reviewed, can be categorized as 'endemic or established' (Argas persicus or a sibling species, Ornithodoros hasei, O. rostratus, O. rudis, O. talaje/O. puertoricensis, Amblyomma aurcolatum, Am. auricularium, Am. brasiliense, Am. cajennense, Am. calcaratum, Am. coelebs, Am. dissimile, Am. dubitatum, Am. incisum, Am. longirostre, Am. nodosum, Am. ovale, Am. pacae, Ana. parvum, Am. pseudoconcolor, Am. rotundatum, Am. scutatum, Ana. tigrinum, Am. triste, Dermacentor nitens, Haemaphysalis juxtakochi, H. leporispalustris, Ixodes loricatus, Rhipicephalus microplus, and Rh. sanguineus), `probably endemic or established' (Ar. miniatus, Ar. monachus, Am. argentinae, Am. humerale, Ana. naponense, Am. oblongoguttatum, Am. pseudoparvum, I. aragaoilI. pararicinus, I. auritulus, L luciae), or 'erroneously reported from Paraguay'(O. coriaceus, Am. americanum and Am. maculatum). Most Paraguayan tick collections have been made in the Chaco phyto-geographical domain, in the central part of the country. Argas persicus or a related species, Am. cajennense, D. nitens, Rh. microplus and Rh. sanguineus are important parasites of domestic animals. Ornithodoros rudis, Am. aureolatum, Am. brasiliense, Am. cajennense, Am. coelebs, Am. incisum, Am. ovale and Am. tigrinum have all been collected from humans. In terms of public health, the collections of Am. cajennense and Am. triste from humans may be particularly significant, as these species are potential vectors of Rickettsia rickettsii and Ri. parkeri, respectively. C1 Inst Nacl Tecnol Agropecuaria, Estac Expt Agropecuaria Rafaela, RA-2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina. Ctr Estudios Parasitol & Vectores, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. Fac Vet Sci, Dept Parasitol, San Lorenzo, Paraguay. Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. Georgia So Univ, US Natl Tick Collect, Inst Arthropodol & Parasitol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def Pest Management Anal Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Nava, S (reprint author), Inst Nacl Tecnol Agropecuaria, Estac Expt Agropecuaria Rafaela, CC 22, RA-2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina. EM snava@rafaela.inta.gov.ar OI Mangold, Atilio Jose/0000-0002-2000-2906 NR 75 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0003-4983 J9 ANN TROP MED PARASIT JI Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 101 IS 3 BP 255 EP 270 DI 10.1179/136485907X176319 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 155QK UT WOS:000245592800008 PM 17362600 ER PT J AU Heine, HS Bassett, J Miller, L Hartings, JM Ivins, BE Pitt, ML Fritz, D Norris, SL Byrne, WR AF Heine, Henry S. Bassett, Jennifer Miller, Lynda Hartings, Justin M. Ivins, Bruce E. Pitt, M. Louise Fritz, David Norris, Sarah L. Byrne, W. Russell TI Determination of antibiotic efficacy against Bacillus anthracis in a mouse aerosol challenge model SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL INHALATION ANTHRAX; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; PATHOLOGY; DOXYCYCLINE; PREVENTION; RESISTANCE; OUTBREAK; SUBTILIS; REGIMENS AB An anthrax spore aerosol infection mouse model was developed as a first test of in vivo efficacy of antibiotics identified as active against Bacillus anthracis. Whole-body, 50% lethal dose (LD50) aerosol challenge doses in a range of 1.9 X 10(3) to 3.4 X 10(4) CFU with spores of the fully virulent Ames strain were established for three inbred and one outbred mouse strain (A/J, BALB/c, C57BL, and Swiss Webster). The BALB/c strain was further developed as a model for antibiotic efficacy. Time course microbiological examinations of tissue burdens in mice after challenge showed that spores could remain dormant in the lungs while vegetative cells disseminated to the mediastinal lymph nodes and then to the spleen, accompanied by bacteremia. For antibiotic efficacy studies, BALB/c mice were challenged with 50 to 100 LD50 of spores followed by intraperitoneal injection of either ciprofloxacin at 30 mg/kg of body weight (every 12 h [q12h]) or doxycycline at 40 mg/kg (q6h). A control group was treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) q6h. Treatment was begun 24 h after challenge with groups of 10 mice for 14 or 21 days. The PBS-treated control mice all succumbed (10/10) to inhalation anthrax infection within 72 h. Sixty-day survival rates for ciprofloxacin and doxycycline-treated groups were 8/10 and 9/10, respectively, for 14-day treatment and 10/10 and 7/10 for 21-day treatment. Delayed treatment with ciprofloxacin initiated 36 and 48 h postexposure resulted in 80% survival and was statistically no different than early (24 h) postexposure treatment. Results using this mouse model correlate closely with clinical observations of inhalational anthrax in humans and with earlier antibiotic studies in the nonhuman primate inhalational anthrax model. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Aerobiol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Biostat Sci, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Heine, HS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM henry.heine@amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2007 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1373 EP 1379 DI 10.1128/AAC.01050-06 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 153FD UT WOS:000245416500036 PM 17296745 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV Das, DK Goswami, SK Gurusamy, N Atkins, JL AF Gorbunov, Nikolai V. Das, Dipak K. Goswami, Shyamal K. Gurusamy, Narasimman Atkins, James L. TI Spatial coordination of cell-adhesion molecules and redox cycling of iron in the microvascular inflammatory response to pulmonary injury SO ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING LA English DT Article ID NF-KAPPA-B; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; LUNG INJURY; TNF-ALPHA; ACTIVATION; THIOREDOXIN; ICAM-1; MECHANISMS; INTEGRINS AB Transmigration of phagocytic leukocytes (PLCs) from the peripheral blood into injured lung requires a conversion of the microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) to the proinflammatory phenotypes and spatiotemporal interplay of different types of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) on PLC and endothelium. The present report is focused on involvement of iron-dependent redox signaling in spatial coordination of lung CAM due to either a pulmonary trauma or endotracheal iron administration in rats. Redox alterations, deposition of 3-nitrotyrosine, expression of VE-cadherin, ICAM-1, and the PLC integrins, and the status of thioredoxin, Ref-1, NF-kappa B and Nrf2 redox-sensitive elements in the alveolar microvasculature were assessed with EPR spectroscopy, immunobloting, and confocal microscopy. We demonstrated for the first time in vivo that the presence of catalytically active iron, deposition of myeloperoxidase, and induction of the oxidative stress in the lung-injury models were accompanied by (a) downregulation of VE-cadherin, (b) upregulation and polarization of ICAM-1 and the PLC integrins, and (c) nuclear translocation and interaction of thioredoxin, Ref-1, and NF-KB and complex structural changes in EC and PLC at the sites of their contacts. The studies suggested that a part of the proinflammatory action of iron in the lung resulted from its stimulation of the redox-sensitive factors. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Farmington, CT USA. RP Gorbunov, NV (reprint author), MCR, WRAIR, 502 Robert Grant Ave,1A14, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM nikolai.gorbounov@na.amedd.army.mil RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 22559, HL 34360, HL 33889] NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1523-0864 EI 1557-7716 J9 ANTIOXID REDOX SIGN JI Antioxid. Redox Signal. PD APR PY 2007 VL 9 IS 4 BP 483 EP 495 DI 10.1089/ars.2006.1296 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 138RV UT WOS:000244380900006 PM 17280489 ER PT J AU Katayama, T Tanaka, M Moriizumi, J Nakamura, T Brouchkov, A Douglas, TA Fukuda, M Tomita, F Asano, K AF Katayama, Taiki Tanaka, Michiko Moriizumi, Jun Nakamura, Toshio Brouchkov, Anatoli Douglas, Thomas A. Fukuda, Masami Tomita, Fusao Asano, Kozo TI Phylogenetic analysis of bacteria preserved in a permafrost ice wedge for 25,000 years SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP-NOV.; SIBERIAN PERMAFROST; CULTURABLE BACTERIA; SEA-ICE; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENT; SEQUENCES; SURFACE AB Phylogenetic analysis of bacteria preserved within an ice wedge from the Fox permafrost tunnel was undertaken by cultivation and molecular techniques. The radiocarbon age of the ice wedge was determined. Our results suggest that the bacteria in the ice wedge adapted to the frozen conditions have survived for 25,000 years. C1 Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Appl Microbiol Lab, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. Hokkaido Univ, Inst Low Temp Sci, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Ctr Chronol Res, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK USA. RP Asano, K (reprint author), Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Appl Microbiol Lab, Kita Ku, N9 W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan. EM asanok@chem.agr.hokudai.ac.jp RI Tanaka, Michiko/F-5790-2012; ASANO, Kozo/F-6927-2012 NR 37 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 73 IS 7 BP 2360 EP 2363 DI 10.1128/AEM.01715-06 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 155KM UT WOS:000245576300043 PM 17293514 ER PT J AU Harmon, SM King, JK Gladden, JB Newman, LA AF Harmon, S. M. King, J. K. Gladden, J. B. Newman, L. A. TI Using sulfate-amended sediment slurry batch reactors to evaluate mercury methylation SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DESULFOBULBUS-PROPIONICUS 1PR3; ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; AQUEOUS-PHASE ETHYLATION; REDUCING BACTERIA; METHYLMERCURY FORMATION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; AQUATIC SYSTEMS; PURE CULTURES; PORE WATERS AB In the methylated form, mercury represents a concern to public health primarily through the consumption of contaminated fish tissue. Research conducted on the methylation of mercury strongly suggests that the process is microbial in nature and facilitated principally by sulfate-reducing bacteria. This study addressed the potential for mercury methylation by varying sulfate treatments and wetland-based soil in microbial slurry reactors with available inorganic mercury. Under anoxic laboratory conditions conducive to the growth of naturally occurring sulfate-reducing bacteria in the soil, it was possible to evaluate how various sulfate additions influenced the methylation of inorganic mercury added to overlying water as well as the sequestration of dissolved copper. Treatments included sulfate amendments ranging from 25 to 500 mg/L (0.26 to 5.2 mM) above the soil's natural sulfate level. Mercury methylation in sulfate treatments did not exceed that of the nonamended control during a 35-day incubation period. However, increases in methylmercury concentration were linked to bacterial growth and sulfate reduction. A time lag in methylation in the highest treatment correlated with an equivalent lag in bacterial growth. The decrease in dissolved copper ranged from 72.7% in the control to 99.7% in the highest sulfate treatment. It was determined that experimental systems such as these can provide some useful information but that they also have severe limitations once sulfate is depleted or if sulfate is used in excess. C1 Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Savannah, GA 31402 USA. Westinghouse Savannah River Co, Savannah River Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. RP Harmon, SM (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM micheleh@usca.edu NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 52 IS 3 BP 326 EP 331 DI 10.1007/s00244-006-0071-x PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 149TG UT WOS:000245169000005 PM 17384981 ER PT J AU Underwood, D AF Underwood, David TI HVAC controls - After an outside contaminant release SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 USA Corps Engineers, ERDC, CERI, Champaign, IL USA. RP Underwood, D (reprint author), USA Corps Engineers, ERDC, CERI, Champaign, IL USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 49 IS 4 BP 36 EP 41 PG 6 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 160JA UT WOS:000245935500008 ER PT J AU Stephenson, LA Vernieuw, CR Leammukda, W Kolka, MA AF Stephenson, Lou A. Vernieuw, Carrie R. Leammukda, Walida Kolka, Margaret A. TI Skin temperature feedback optimizes microclimate cooling SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE body temperature regulation; liquid cooling garment; heat balance; personal protective equipment ID FOREARM BLOOD-FLOW; CUTANEOUS CIRCULATION; HEAT-STRESS; EXERCISE; INTERMITTENT; BODY; THERMOREGULATION; WEIGHT AB Introduction: A novel pulsed cooling paradigm (PCskm) integrating mean skin temperature (Tsk) feedback was compared with constant cooling (CC) or time-activated pulsed cooling (PC). Methods: Eight males exercised while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) in a warm, dry environment (dry bull) temperature: 30 degrees C; clew-point temperature: 11 degrees Q in each of the tests. Treadmill exercise was performed (similar to 225 W. M-2) for 80 min. A liquid cooling garment (LCG) covered 72% of the body surface area. Core temperature (T-c), local skin temperatures, heart rate, inlet and outlet LCG perfusate temperatures, flow, and electrical power to the LCG and metabolic rate were measured during exercise. Results: At 75 min of exercise Tsk was higher (33.9 +/- 0.2 degrees C) in PC.skm, than in PC (33.1 +/- 0.5 degrees C) or CC (32.0 +/- 0.6 degrees C) and PC > CC. The changes in Tc and heart rate during the tests were not different. Tc at 75 min was not different among the cooling paradigms (37.6 +/- 0.3 degrees C in PCskin, 37.6 +/- 0.2 degrees C in PC and 37.6 +/- 0.2 degrees C in CC). Heart rate averaged 124 +/- 10 bpm in PCskin, 120 9 bpm in PC and 117 +/- 9 bpm in CC. Total body insulation (degrees C . W-1 m(-2)) was significantly reduced in PCskin (0.020 +/- 0.003) and PC (0.024 +/- 0.004) from CC (0.029 +/- 0.004). Electrical power in PCskin was reduced by 46% from CC and by 28%,) from PC. Discussion/Conclusion: Real-time Tsk feedback to control cooling optimized LCC efficacy and reduced electrical power for cooling without significantly changing cardiovascular strain in exercising men wearing PPE. C1 USA, RIEM, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Stephenson, LA (reprint author), USA, RIEM, 15 Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 78 IS 4 BP 377 EP 382 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 156HF UT WOS:000245638000004 PM 17484339 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Bowman, PD Kerwin, SM Stavchansky, S AF Wang, Xinyu Bowman, Phillip D. Kerwin, Sean M. Stavchansky, Salomon TI Stability of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and its fluorinated derivative in rat plasma SO BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE caffeic acid phenethyl ester; fluorinated derivative; plasma stability; HPLC; activation energy; pharmacokinetics ID INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; SODIUM-PHOSPHATE; NUCLEAR-FACTOR; KAPPA-B; INJURY; CELLS; CAPE; PROPOLIS AB The stability of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and its fluorinated derivative (FCAPE) in rat plasma and conditions preventing their degradation are reported. Reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using taxifolin as an internal standard was applied for the quantitative determination of CAPE and FCAPE in rat plasma extracted with ethyl acetate. The assay was validated over a linear range of 0.25-10 mu g/mL plasma (r(2) > 0.9990, n = 3). No endogenous interferences were observed in the chromatographic region of interest. The limits of quantification and detection were set at 0.25 and 0.1 mu g/mL, respectively. The precision ranged from 0.7 to 13.7% for CAPE, and from 0.4 to 10.4% for FCAPE. Accuracy ranged from -2.8 to 12.4% for CAPE and from -0.6 to 6.8% for FCAPE. The stability was conducted at 4, 25 and 37 degrees C. First-order kinetics was observed for the degradation of CAPE and FCAPE. The energies of activation of CAPE and FCAPE were found to be 17.9 and 20.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Addition of 0.4% of sodium chloride and pH adjustment to 6 prevented their degradation in rat plasma for 24 h and at least one month at -20 degrees C. This study provides useful information for the future pharmacokinetic study of CAPE and FCAPE in rat. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharmaceut, Austin, TX 78712 USA. US Army Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Div Med Chem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Univ Texas, Inst Cellular & Mol Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Stavchansky, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Coll Pharm, Div Pharmaceut, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM stavchansky@mail.utexas.edu OI Kerwin, Sean/0000-0001-8432-6558 NR 25 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0269-3879 J9 BIOMED CHROMATOGR JI Biomed. Chromatogr. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 4 BP 343 EP 350 DI 10.1002/bmc.737 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 157AY UT WOS:000245692200003 PM 17340562 ER PT J AU Royt, PW Honeychuck, RV Pant, RR Rogers, ML Asher, LV Lloyd, JR Carlos, WE Belkin, HE Patwardhan, S AF Royt, Paulette W. Honeychuck, Robert V. Pant, Ramesh R. Rogers, Magnus L. Asher, Ludmila V. Lloyd, John R. Carlos, W. E. Belkin, Harvey E. Patwardhan, Swati TI Iron- and 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinoline-containing periplasmic inclusion bodies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A chemical analysis SO BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Pseudomonas aeruginosa; periplasmic inclusion bodies; iron; Pseudomonas quinolone signal; pseudan; 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinoline; HAQ; PQS ID TO-CELL COMMUNICATION; QUINOLONE SIGNAL PQS; MEMBRANE-VESICLES; BACTERIAL-CELL; PROKARYOTES; CHELATOR AB Dark aggregated particles were seen on pellets of iron-rich, mid-logarithmic phase Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Transmission electron microscopy of these cells showed inclusion bodies in periplasmic vacuoles. Aggregated particles isolated from the spent medium of these cells contained iron as indicated by atomic absorption spectroscopy and by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy that revealed Fe3+. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis of whole cells revealed the presence of iron-containing particles beneath the surface of the cell, indicating that the isolated aggregates were the intracellular inclusion bodies. Collectively, mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the isolated inclusion bodies revealed the presence of 3,4-dihydroxy-2-heptylquinoline which is the Pseudomonas quinolone signaling compound (PQS) and an iron chelator; 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (pseudan VII), which is an iron chelator, antibacterial compound and precursor of PQS; 4-hydroxy-2-nonylquinoline (pseudan IX) which is an iron chelator and antibacterial compound; 4-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline (pseudan I), and 4-hydroxy-2-nonylquinoline N-oxide. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 George Mason Univ, Mol & Microbiol Dept, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NIDDK, DHHS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Royt, PW (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Mol & Microbiol Dept, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM proyt@gmu.edu OI Belkin, Harvey/0000-0001-7879-6529 NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0045-2068 J9 BIOORG CHEM JI Bioorganic Chem. PD APR PY 2007 VL 35 IS 2 BP 175 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.bioorg.2006.10.004 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 154RT UT WOS:000245525900006 PM 17126377 ER PT J AU Colyer, MH Weichel, ED Ward, TP AF Colyer, Marcus H. Weichel, Eric D. Ward, Thomas P. TI Blast injury-associated optic disc pit maculopathy SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Clin 1F, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Colyer, MH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Clin 1F, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM marcus.colyer@amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0007-1161 J9 BRIT J OPHTHALMOL JI Br. J. Ophthalmol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 91 IS 4 BP 558 EP 558 DI 10.1136/bjo.2006.103457 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 147XH UT WOS:000245037700035 PM 17372343 ER PT J AU D'Amico, AV McLeod, DG Carroll, PR Cullen, J Chen, MH AF D'Amico, Anthony V. McLeod, David G. Carroll, Peter R. Cullen, Jennifer Chen, Ming-Hui TI Time to an undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after androgen suppression therapy for postoperative or postradiation PSA recurrence and prostate cancer-specific mortality SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; prostate-specific antigen; mortality; hormonal therapy ID DATABASE AB BACKGROUND. For men receiving androgen-suppression therapy (AST) for a rising postoperative or postradiation prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence, whether the time to an undetectable (u) PSA was significantly associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) was evaluated. METHODS. The study cohort comprised 585 men with a rising PSA and negative bone scan after surgery (n = 415) or radiation therapy (n = 170) that were treated with AST and achieved a uPSA. Gray's regression was used to evaluate whether the time to a uPSA after AST was significantly associated with the time to PCSM after the uPSA adjusting for known prognostic factors. RESULTS. The median time (interquartile range) to achieve a uPSA was 4.6 (range, 2.8-7.8) months. There were 23 deaths, 4 of which were from prostate cancer. An increasing time to a uPSA (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 9.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.8, 22.1; P < .0001), a decreasing PSA doubling time (DT) (HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.80; P = .0007), and Gleason score 8 to 10 cancers (HR: 8.6, 95% CI: 1.04, 77; P = .05) were significantly associated with a shorter time to PCSM. CONCLUSIONS. Despite achieving a uPSA after AST, the risk of PCSM increased significantly as the time to the uPSA lengthens, especially in men with a short pre-AST PSA DT and high-grade prostate cancer. These men should be considered for randomized studies evaluating immediate vs delayed chemotherapy after the achievement of the uPSA. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Stat, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Stat, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP D'Amico, AV (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, 75 Francis St,L-2 Level, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM adamico@lroc.harvard.edu NR 21 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 109 IS 7 BP 1290 EP 1295 DI 10.1002/cncr.22550 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 150PP UT WOS:000245229000009 PM 17315162 ER PT J AU Zhu, KM Moriarty, C Caplan, LS Levine, RS AF Zhu, Kangmin Moriarty, Cynthia Caplan, Lee S. Levine, Robert S. TI Cigarette smoking and primary liver cancer: a population-based case-control study in US men SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE case-control studies; cigarette; epidemiology; hepatocellular carcinoma; liver cancer; smoking ID HEPATITIS-B-VIRUS; PRIMARY HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; RISK-FACTORS; SERUM ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN; FAMILIAL TENDENCY; TOBACCO SMOKING; LOS-ANGELES; JAPAN; DRINKING AB Using the case-control data from the Selected Cancers Study, the authors assessed whether cigarette smoking increases the risk of primary liver cancer in the US. Cases were men who were pathologically diagnosed with primary liver cancer during 1984-1988, were 31-59 years old, and lived in the areas covered by eight US cancer registries (n = 168). Controls were men without a history of primary liver cancer who were selected by random-digit telephone dialing (n = 1910). Relative to non-smokers, the risks of liver cancer were 1.85 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-3.25) and 1.49 (95% CI, 0.83-2.68) for former and current smokers, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) estimates were 0.96, 1.43, 1.80, and 1.87 for smoking for less than 15, 15-24, 25-34 and 35 or more years, respectively (p for trend = 0.039). The OR estimates were 1.41 (95% CI, 0.74-2.68), 1.67 (95% CI, 0.93-2.98), and 1.83 (95% CI, 0.89-3.76) for less than 1, 1-2, and 2 or more packs smoked per day (p for trend = 0.068). Cigarette smoking may be a factor that contributes somewhat to the occurrence of primary liver cancer among men in the United States, a country with low risk of liver cancer. C1 US Mil Canc Inst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Zhu, KM (reprint author), US Mil Canc Inst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW,Bldg 1,Suite A-109, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kangmin.zhu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 48 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD APR PY 2007 VL 18 IS 3 BP 315 EP 321 DI 10.1007/s10552-006-0105-8 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 142XQ UT WOS:000244685000009 PM 17294291 ER PT J AU Miki, J Furusato, B Li, HZ Gu, YP Takahashi, H Egawa, S Sesterhenn, IA McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Rhim, JS AF Miki, Jun Furusato, Bungo Li, Hongzhen Gu, Yongpeng Takahashi, Hiroyuki Egawa, Shin Sesterhenn, Isabel A. McLeod, David G. Srivastava, Shiv Rhim, Johng S. TI Identification of putative stem cell markers, CD133 and CXCR4, in hTERT-immortalized primary nonmalignant and malignant tumor-derived human prostate epithelial cell lines and in prostate cancer specimens SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROGENITOR CELLS; IN-VITRO; TELOMERASE ACTIVITY; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM; NOD/SCID MICE; METASTASIS; EXPRESSION; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION; STEM/PROGENITOR AB Understanding normal and cancer stem cells may provide insight into the origin of and new therapeutics for prostate cancer. Normal and cancer stem cells in prostate have recently been identified with a CD44(+)/alpha(2)beta(high)(1)/CD133(+) phenotype. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor, CXCR4, have multiple essential functions, including homing of stem cells and metastasis of cancer cells. We show here that human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)-immortalized primary nonmalignant (RC-165N/hTERT) and malignant (RC-92a/ hTERT) tumor-derived human prostate epithelial cell lines retain stem cell properties with a CD133(+)/CD44(+)/alpha(2)beta(+)(1)/ 34 beta E12(+)/CK18(+)/p63(-)/androgen receptor (AR)(-)/PSA(-) phenotype. Higher CD133 expression was detected in the hTERT-immortalized cells than in primary prostate cells. These immortalized cells exhibited "prostaspheres" in nonadherent culture systems and also maintained higher CD133 expression. The CD133 cells from these immortalized cell lines had high proliferative potential and were able to differentiate into AR(+) phenotype. In three-dimensional culture, the CD133(+) cells from RC-165N/hTERT cells produced branched structures, whereas the CD133(+) cells from RC-92a/hTERT cells produced large irregular spheroids with less branched structures. SDF-1 induced, but anti-CXCR4 antibody inhibited, migration of CD133(+) cells from RC-92a/hTERT cells, which coexpressed CXCR4. CXCR4/SDF-I may sustain tumor chemotaxis in cancer stem cells. Furthermore, immumostaining of clinical prostate specimens showed that CD133 expression was detected in a subpopulation of prostate cancer cells and corresponded to the loss of AR. Expression of CXCR4 was also detected in CD133(+) cancer cells. These novel in vitro models may offer useful tools for the study of the biological features and functional integration of normal and cancer stem cells in prostate. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Jikei Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Tokyo, Japan. Jikei Univ, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Tokyo, Japan. RP Rhim, JS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM jrhim@cpdr.org OI Furusato, Bungo/0000-0003-4614-9882 NR 50 TC 244 Z9 265 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 67 IS 7 BP 3153 EP 3161 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-4429 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 156BM UT WOS:000245622900032 PM 17409422 ER PT J AU Li, XS Ci, L Kar, S Soldano, C Kilpatrick, SJ Ajayan, PM AF Li, Xuesong Ci, Lijie Kar, Swastik Soldano, Caterina Kilpatrick, Stephen J. Ajayan, Pulickel M. TI Densified aligned carbon nanotube films via vapor phase infiltration of carbon SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID THERMAL MANAGEMENT; CONDUCTIVITY; NANOCOMPOSITES; ARRAYS AB We report a simple way to produce fully densified aligned carbon nanotube (ACNT) films. The simultaneous growth of nanotubes and densification of the ACNT films by carbon infiltration in the interstitial spaces between nanotubes are accomplished in a single step by the combination of the chemical vapor deposition and chemical vapor infiltration processes. Scanning electron microscope analysis and microbalance measurements showed that after infiltration, the diameters of nanotubes and bulk density of the ACNT films are increased by an order of magnitude (and hence the porosity of the ACNT films is decreased). Transmission electron microscope and Raman scattering analysis showed that after densification, the nanotubes are conformally coated by partially graphitized pyrolytic carbon. The compressive modulus of the densified ACNT films could be increased by three orders of magnitude compared to the pristine ACNT films. Electrical properties are also measured for the densified films showing marked differences with the ACNT films. The property enhanced densified ACNT films constitute a new form of carbon-carbon nanocomposites and could find applications as multifunctional nanocomposites. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Dev Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Li, XS (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 110 8th, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM lix5@rpi.edu RI Ci, Lijie/B-1962-2010; Soldano, Caterina/C-4971-2012; Kar, Swastik/B-8118-2013; 慈, 立杰/E-3485-2014 OI Soldano, Caterina/0000-0001-6345-290X; NR 19 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD APR PY 2007 VL 45 IS 4 BP 847 EP 851 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2006.11.010 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 151SC UT WOS:000245310100021 ER PT J AU Fuller, CL Ruthel, G Warfield, KL Swenson, DL Bosio, CM Aman, MJ Bavari, S AF Fuller, Claudette L. Ruthel, Gordon Warfield, Kelly L. Swenson, Dana L. Bosio, Catharine M. Aman, M. Javad Bavari, Sina TI NKp30-dependent cytolysis of filovirus-infected human dendritic cells SO CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; EBOLA-VIRUS INFECTION; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; HUMAN NK CELLS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES; MARBURG VIRUSES; PARTICLES PROTECT; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; VIRAL-INFECTION AB Understanding how protective innate immune responses are generated is crucial to defeating highly lethal emerging pathogens. Accumulating evidence suggests that potent innate immune responses are tightly linked to control of Ebola and Marburg filoviral infections. Here, we report that unlike authentic or inactivated Ebola and Marburg, filovirus-derived virus-like particles directly activated human natural killer (NK) cells in vitro, evidenced by pro-inflammatory cytokine production and enhanced cytolysis of permissive target cells. Further, we observed perforin- and CD95L-mediated cytolysis of filovirus-infected human dendritic cells (DCs), primary targets of filovirus infection, by autologous NK cells. Gene expression knock-down studies directly linked NK cell lysis of infected DCs to upregulation of the natural cytotoxicity receptor, NKp30. These results are the first to propose a role for NK cells in the clearance of infected DCs and the potential involvement of NKp30-mediated cytolysis in control of viral infection in vivo. Further elucidation of the biology of NK cell activation, specifically natural cytotoxicity receptors like NKp30 and NKp46, promises to aid our understanding of microbial pathology. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil RI Bosio, Catharine/D-7456-2015 NR 65 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-5814 J9 CELL MICROBIOL JI Cell Microbiol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 9 IS 4 BP 962 EP 976 DI 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00844.x PG 15 WC Cell Biology; Microbiology SC Cell Biology; Microbiology GA 145RJ UT WOS:000244881900014 PM 17381429 ER PT J AU Jeamwattanalert, P Mahakunkijcharoen, Y Kittigul, L Mahannop, P Pichyangkul, S Hirunpetcharat, C AF Jeamwattanalert, Pimmada Mahakunkijcharoen, Yuvadee Kittigul, Leera Mahannop, Pakpimol Pichyangkul, Sathit Hirunpetcharat, Chakrit TI Long-lasting protective immune response to the 19-kilodalton carboxy-terminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein 1 in mice SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STAGE MALARIA; BACTERIAL-DNA; CPG OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE; DENDRITIC CELLS; PLASMA-CELLS; VACCINE; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNIZATION; EFFICACY; PARASITE AB Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) is the major protein on the surface of the plasmodial merozoite, and its carboxy terminus, the 19-kDa fragment (MSP1(19)), is highly conserved and effective in induction of a protective immune response against malaria parasite infection in mice and monkeys. However, the duration of the immune response has not been elucidated. As such, we immunized BALB/c mice with a standard four-dose injection of recombinant Plasmodium yoelii MSP1(19) formulated with Montanide ISA51 and CpG oligode-oxynucleotide (ODN) and monitored the MSP1(19)-specific antibody levels for up to 12 months. The antibody titers persisted constantly over the period of time without significant waning, in contrast to the antibody levels induced by immunization with Freund's adjuvant, where the antibody levels gradually declined to significantly lower levels 12 months after immunization. Investigation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass longevity revealed that only the IgG1 antibody level (Th2 type-driven response) decreased significantly by 6 months, while the IgG2a antibody level (Th1 type-driven response) did not change over the 12 months after immunization, but the boosting effect was seen in the IgG1 antibody responses but not in the IgG2a antibody responses. After challenge infection, all immunized mice survived with negligibly patent parasitemia. These findings suggest that protective immune responses to MSP1(19) following immunization using oil-based Montanide ISA51 and CpG ODN as an adjuvant are very long-lasting and encourage clinical trials for malaria vaccine development. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Parasitol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Hirunpetcharat, C (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol, 420-1 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM phchr@mahidol.ac.th NR 30 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 14 IS 4 BP 342 EP 347 DI 10.1128/CVI.00397-06 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 159KC UT WOS:000245863500002 PM 17314232 ER PT J AU Field, LA Jordan, RM Hadix, JA Dunn, MA Shriver, CD Ellsworth, RE Ellsworth, DL AF Field, Lori A. Jordan, Rick M. Hadix, Jennifer A. Dunn, Michael A. Shriver, Craig D. Ellsworth, Rachel E. Ellsworth, Darrell L. TI Functional identity of genes detectable in expression profiling assays following globin mRNA reduction of peripheral blood samples SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE globin; gene expression profiling; blood; messenger RNA ID WHOLE-BLOOD; CANCER AB Objectives: Whole-blood RNA for microarray analysis is easily accessible but contains a large proportion of globin mRNA that interferes with the accurate assessment of other genes. This study investigated the biological significance of genes whose expression was unmasked by globin mRNA reduction in peripheral blood. Design and methods: Samples were collected from healthy subjects using the PAXgene Blood RNA System, and globin mRNA was depleted using GLOBINclear. Genes exhibiting consistent changes in expression on Affymetrix HU133A 2.0 arrays were characterized in three main areas of gene ontology - molecular function, biological process, and cellular component. Results: Globin reduction permitted detection of 2652 395 additional genes per assay. Genes unmasked by globin reduction include low abundance transcripts that function primarily as molecular binding proteins and catalytic enzymes in biological processes including transcription, replication, and intracellular transport and signalling. Protein products of these genes are preferentially associated with membranes and the nucleus. Conclusions: Additional genes detectable only after globin reduction in whole-blood RNA function in a variety of biological processes that may be important to diverse fields of study. (c) 2007 Published by The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Windber Res Inst, Integrat Cradiac & Metab Hlth Program, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Windber Res Inst, Clin Breast Care Project, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ellsworth, DL (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, Integrat Cradiac & Metab Hlth Program, 620 7th St, Windber, PA 15963 USA. EM d.ellsworth@wriwindber.org NR 14 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD APR PY 2007 VL 40 IS 7 BP 499 EP 502 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.01.004 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 156AD UT WOS:000245619300011 PM 17303101 ER PT J AU Bruce, B Khanna, G Ren, L Landberg, G Jirstrom, K Powell, C Borczuk, A Keller, ET Wojno, KJ Meltzer, P Baird, K McClatchey, A Bretscher, A Hewitt, SM Khanna, C AF Bruce, Benjamin Khanna, Gaurav Ren, Ling Landberg, Goran Jirstrom, Karin Powell, Charles Borczuk, Alain Keller, Evan T. Wojno, Kirk J. Meltzer, Paul Baird, Kristin McClatchey, Andrea Bretscher, Anthony Hewitt, Stephen M. Khanna, Chand TI Expression of the cytoskeleton linker protein ezrin in human cancers SO CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL METASTASIS LA English DT Article DE ezrin; merlin; immunohistochemistry; tissue microarray; biomarker; prognosis ID NF2 TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; C-TERMINAL DOMAIN; ERM PROTEINS; TISSUE MICROARRAY; STROMAL CELLS; METASTASIS; MERLIN; BINDING; HEMANGIOBLASTOMA; TUMORIGENESIS AB Expression of the metastasis-associated protein, ezrin, in over 5,000 human cancers and normal tissues was analyzed using tissue microarray immunohistochemistry. Ezrin staining was compared between cancers and their corresponding normal tissues, between cancers of epithelial and mesenchymal origin, in the context of the putative inhibitor protein, merlin, and against clinicopathological data available for breast, lung, prostate cancers and sarcomas. Ezrin was found in most cancers and normal tissues at varying levels of intensity. In general ezrin was expressed at higher levels in sarcomas than in carcinomas. By normalizing the expression of ezrin in each cancer using ezrin expression found in the corresponding normal tissue, significant associations between ezrin were found in advancing histological grade in sarcomas (P = 0.02) and poor outcome in breast cancer (P = 0.025). Clinicopathologic associations were not changed by simultaneous assessment of ezrin and merlin in each patient sample for the cancer types examined. These data support a role for ezrin in the biology of human cancers and the need for additional studies in breast cancer and sarcoma patients that may validate ezrin as a marker of cancer progression and as a potential target for cancer therapy. C1 NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Tumor & Metastasis Biol Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Howard Hughes Med Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Lund Univ, Malmo Univ Hosp, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10032 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NHGRI, Canc Genet Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Canc, Dept Pathol, Charlestown, MA USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. Natl Canc Inst, Ctr Canc Res, Pathol Lab, Tissue Army Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Khanna, C (reprint author), NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Tumor & Metastasis Biol Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM khannac@mail.nih.gov RI Keller, Evan/M-1446-2016; OI Keller, Evan/0000-0002-7592-7535; POWELL, CHARLES/0000-0003-3509-891X; Hewitt, Stephen/0000-0001-8283-1788 FU Intramural NIH HHS; NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA093900, 1P50 CA69568] NR 33 TC 70 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0262-0898 J9 CLIN EXP METASTAS JI Clin. Exp. Metastasis PD APR PY 2007 VL 24 IS 2 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1007/s10585-006-9050-x PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 162QM UT WOS:000246103400001 PM 17370041 ER PT J AU McKenna, TM Bawa, G Kumar, K Reifman, J AF McKenna, Thomas M. Bawa, Gagandeep Kumar, Kamal Reifman, Jaques TI The physiology analysis system: An integrated approach for warehousing, management and analysis of time-series physiology data SO COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE physiology; medical informatics; data display; time-series data analysis; data base management system ID TRAUMA AB The physiology analysis system (PAS) was developed as a resource to support the efficient warehousing, management, and analysis of physiology data, particularly, continuous time-series data that may be extensive, of variable quality, and distributed across many files. The PAS incorporates time-series data collected by many types of data-acquisition devices, and it is designed to free users from data management burdens. This Web-based system allows both discrete (attribute) and time-series (ordered) data to be manipulated, visualized, and analyzed via a client's Web browser. All processes occur on a server, so that the client does not have to download data or any application programs, and the PAS is independent of the client's computer operating system. The PAS contains a library of functions, written in different computer languages that the client can add to and use to perform specific data operations. Functions from the library are sequentially inserted into a function chain-based logical structure to construct sophisticated data operators from simple function building blocks, affording ad hoc query and analysis of time-series data. These features support advanced mining of physiology data. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Bioinformat Cell Tekemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, MRMC TATRC, Bldg 363,Miller Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jaques.reifman@us.army.mil OI Kumar, Kamal/0000-0002-9470-6682 NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0169-2607 J9 COMPUT METH PROG BIO JI Comput. Meth. Programs Biomed. PD APR PY 2007 VL 86 IS 1 BP 62 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.cmpb.2007.01.003 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics GA 154YV UT WOS:000245545600009 PM 17287043 ER PT J AU Shorr, AF Lazarus, DR Sherner, JH Jackson, WL Morrel, M Fraser, VJ Kollef, MH AF Shorr, Andrew F. Lazarus, D. Ray Sherner, John H. Jackson, William L. Morrel, Matthew Fraser, Victoria J. Kollef, Marin H. TI Do clinical features allow for accurate prediction of fungal pathogenesis in bloodstream infections? Potential implications of the increasing prevalence of non-albicans candidemia SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Candida; critically ill; epidemiology; fungemia; intensive care ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED CANDIDEMIA; RISK-FACTORS; ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; NATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; SPECIES INFECTIONS; CANCER-PATIENTS; MYCOSES SURVEY; MULTICENTER AB Objective. To describe the evolving epidemiology of fungal bloodstream infections in critically ill and noncritically ill patients and to identify predictors of infection with non-albicans yeast species. Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: Two academic, tertiary care centers. Participants. All persons during a 4-yr period who developed fungemia. Interventions. None. Measurements and Main Results: We initially compared subjects with Candida albicans vs. alternative yeast. In a sensitivity analysis, we compared persons with potentially fluconazole-resistant organisms (Candida glabrata and Candida krusei) to those with other fungi. We also repeated these analyses in the subgroup of persons in the intensive care unit when they developed fungemia. The study cohort included 245 patients (60% in the intensive care unit), and C. albicans accounted for 52% of infections, whereas C. glabrata represented 20% of cases. The distribution of isolates was similar in both intensive care unit patients and those on the wards. In the entire population, no variable, including both previous fluconazole exposure and severity of illness, correlated with the fungemia due to a non-albicans species. In our sensitivity analysis, no factor was independently associated with a potentially fluconazole-resistant yeast. For the subgroup of subjects whose fungemia was diagnosed while they were in the intensive care unit, no variable differentiated C. albicans from non-albicans isolates. Conclusions. Non-albicans yeast are common both in the intensive care unit and on the wards. Simple clinical factors do not allow the clinician to effectively identify patients likely infected with non-albicans pathogens or with possible fluconazole-resistant fungi. C1 Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Barnes Jewish Hosp, Med Intens Care Unit, St Louis, MO USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM afshorr@dnamail.com NR 39 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1077 EP 1083 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000259379.97694.00 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 151PJ UT WOS:000245302400011 PM 17312565 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Ryan, KL Rickards, CA Cooke, WH Idris, AH Metzger, A Holcomb, JB Adams, BD Lurie, KG AF Convertino, Victor A. Ryan, Kathy L. Rickards, Caroline A. Cooke, William H. Idris, Ahamed H. Metzger, Anja Holcomb, John B. Adams, Bruce D. Lurie, Keith G. TI Inspiratory resistance maintains arterial pressure during central hypovolemia: Implications for treatment of patients with severe hemorrhage SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hemorrhagic shock; lower body negative pressure; intrathoracic pressure; impedance threshold device; cardiovascular collapse ID BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; IMPEDANCE THRESHOLD DEVICE; DECOMPRESSION CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; ORGAN PERFUSION PRESSURES; BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIAC-ARREST; HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSES; TRAUMA PATIENTS; PORCINE MODEL; VALVE AB Objective: To test the hypothesis that an impedance threshold device would increase systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure and delay the onset of symptoms and cardiovascular collapse associated with severe central hypovolemia. Design., Prospective, randomized, blinded trial design. Setting. Human physiology laboratory. Patients: Nine healthy nonsmoking normotensive subjects (five males, four females). Interventions: Central hypovolemia and impending cardiovascular collapse were induced in human volunteers by applying progressive lower body negative pressure (under two experimental conditions: a) while breathing with an impedance threshold device set to open at -7 cm H2O pressure (active impedance threshold device); and b) breathing through a sham impedance threshold device (control). Measurements and Main Results: Systolic blood pressure (79 5 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (57 3 mm Hg), and mean arterial pressure (65 +/- 4 mm Hg) were lower (p <.02) when subjects (n = 9) breathed through the sham impedance threshold device than when they breathed through the active impedance threshold device at the same time of cardiovascular collapse during sham breathing (102 +/- 3, 77 +/- 3, 87 +/- 3 mm Hg, respectively). Elevated blood pressure was associated with 23% greater lower body negative pressure tolerance using an active impedance threshold device (1639 +/- 220 mm Hg-min) compared with a sham impedance threshold device (1328 +/- 144 mm Hg-min) (p =.02). Conclusions. Use of an impedance threshold device increased systemic blood pressure and delayed the onset of cardiovascular collapse during severe hypovolemic hypotension in spontaneously breathing human volunteers. This device may provide rapid noninvasive hemodynamic support in patients With hypovolemic hypotension once the blood loss has been controlled but before other definitive therapies are available. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Texas San Antonio, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg & Emergency Med, Dallas, TX USA. Adv Circulatory Syst Inc, Eden Prairie, MN USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Bldg 3611,3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM victor.convertino@amedd.army.mil OI Idris, Ahamed/0000-0001-7113-6499 NR 37 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0090-3493 EI 1530-0293 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 BP 1145 EP 1152 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000259464.83188.2C PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 151PJ UT WOS:000245302400020 PM 17334239 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Purcell, BK Paragas, J AF Hepburn, Matthew J. Purcell, Bret K. Paragas, Jason TI Pathogenesis and sepsis caused by organisms potentially utilized as biologic weapons: Opportunities for targeted intervention SO CURRENT DRUG TARGETS LA English DT Review ID CONGO HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ANTHRAX LETHAL TOXIN; PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS; MONKEYPOX VIRUS-INFECTION; YERSINIA YOP VIRULON; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-C; IN-VITRO CORRELATE; RIFT-VALLEY FEVER AB The microorganisms potentially utilized as biologic weapons have a variety of pathogenic mechanisms that lead to overwhelming infection, septic shock and death. Although many of these organisms have unique pathogenic attributes, the development of generic therapies for common pathways would be exceedingly useful as Countermeasures. This review will examine the features of pathogenesis leading to sepsis for key biologic threat agents (causative agents of anthrax, plague, tularemia, smallpox and viral hemorrhagic fevers), and highlight current and future therapeutic targets. For some of the biologic threat agents, such as anthrax, substantial research has yielded a number of targeted sites for intervention. For other organisms, further elucidation of the mechanisms of pathogenesis and septic shock is needed to direct therapeutic exploration. C1 Def Sci & Technol Labs, Porton Down, Wilts, England. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med Bacteriol & Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), Def Sci & Technol Labs, Porton Down, Wilts, England. EM Matthew.Hepburn@us.army.mil NR 248 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1389-4501 J9 CURR DRUG TARGETS JI Curr. Drug Targets PD APR PY 2007 VL 8 IS 4 BP 519 EP 532 DI 10.2174/138945007780362728 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 147IK UT WOS:000244996400006 PM 17430123 ER PT J AU Strong, AJ Hartings, JA Dreier, JP AF Strong, Anthony J. Hartings, Jed A. Dreier, Jens P. TI Cortical spreading depression: an adverse but treatable factor in intensive care? SO CURRENT OPINION IN CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review DE cortical spreading depression; electrocorticography; microdialysis; subarachnoid haemorrhage; traumatic brain injury ID FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; RAT-BRAIN; PERIINFARCT DEPOLARIZATIONS; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; NEUROLOGICAL DEFICITS; DYNAMIC CHANGES; BLOOD-FLOW; CORTEX; MICRODIALYSIS AB Purpose of review The aetiology and management of secondary deterioration in patients with acute traumatic or ischaemic brain injury remain serious challenges for clinicians and also for basic neuroscientists. The occurrence of spreading depolarization events and some of their features in the cerebral cortex in patients with traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, as documented in recent papers, represent a novel pathophysiological mechanism in this setting. Recent findings The history and definitions of two critically different patterns of depolarization are reviewed on the basis of their physiology and pathophysiology, particularly the responses of the cerebral microcirculation to depolarization as seen in the laboratory. It is now becoming possible to conduct similar assessments in the brain-injured patient. Currently the recorded incidence of depolarization events in patients undergoing craniotomy for traumatic contusions is in the region of 50-60%, rising to 72% following major subarachnoid haemorrhage. Summary Realization of the therapeutic potential of the new findings will depend on clear knowledge of the impact of the different patterns of depolarization on outcome. Meantime, current results call for even stricter attention during clinical management of acute brain injury to secondary factors such as body temperature and plasma glucose. C1 Kings Coll London, Dept Clin Neurosci, London WC2R 2LS, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Charite Univ Med Berlin, Dept Neurol, Berlin, Germany. RP Strong, AJ (reprint author), Kings Coll Hosp London, Dept Neurosurg, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, England. EM Anthony.strong@kcl.ac.uk OI Dreier, Jens/0000-0001-7459-2828 FU Wellcome Trust NR 55 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1070-5295 J9 CURR OPIN CRIT CARE JI Curr. Opin. Crit. Care PD APR PY 2007 VL 13 IS 2 BP 126 EP 133 DI 10.1097/MCC.0b013e32807faffb PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146OC UT WOS:000244942900003 PM 17327732 ER PT J AU Vickers, JA Dressen, BM Weston, MC Boonsong, K Chailapakul, O Cropek, DM Henry, CS AF Vickers, Jonathan A. Dressen, Brian M. Weston, Melissa C. Boonsong, Kanokporn Chailapakul, Orawan Cropek, Donald M. Henry, Charles S. TI Thermoset polyester as an alternative material for microchip electrophoresis/electrochemistry SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE CE; electrochemical detection; microchip; thermoset polyester ID CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS MICROCHIPS; PULSED AMPEROMETRIC DETECTION; TOTAL ANALYSIS SYSTEMS; MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; HYDROPHOBIC RECOVERY; POLYELECTROLYTE MULTILAYERS; ELECTROSPRAY EMITTER; SURFACE MODIFICATION; ABSORBENCY DETECTION AB Microchip CE coupled with electrochemical detection (MCE-EC) is a good method for the direct detection of many small molecule analytes because the technique is sensitive and readily miniaturized. Polymer materials are being increasingly used with MCE due to their affordability and ease of fabrication. While PDMS has become arguably the most widely used material in MCE-EC due to the simplicity of microelectrode incorporation, it suffers from a lack of separation efficiency, lower surface stability, and a tendency for analyte sorption. Other polymers, such as poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(carbonate) (PC), have higher separation efficiencies but require more difficult fabrication techniques for electrode incorporation. In this report, thermoset polyester (TPE) was characterized as an alternative material for MCE-EC. TPE microchips were characterized in their native and plasma oxidized forms and after coating with polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). TPE provides higher separation efficiencies when compared to PDMS microchips, while still using simple fabrication protocols. In this work, separation efficiencies as high as 295 000 N/m were seen when using TPE MCE-EC devices. Furthermore, the EOF was higher and more consistent as a function of pH for both native and plasma-treated TPE than PDMS. Finally, TPE is amenable to modification using simple PEM coatings as another way to control surface chemistry and surface charge. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Chulalongkorn Univ, Dept Chem, Sensor Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engineers, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Henry, CS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, 1872 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM cshenry@lamar.colostate.edu OI Henry, Charles/0000-0002-8671-7728 NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD APR PY 2007 VL 28 IS 7 BP 1123 EP 1129 DI 10.1002/elps.200600445 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 156XA UT WOS:000245682000012 PM 17340646 ER PT J AU Gaywee, J Sunyakumthorn, P Rodkvamtook, W Ruang-Areerate, T Mason, CJ Sirisopana, N AF Gaywee, Jariyanart Sunyakumthorn, Piyanate Rodkvamtook, Wuttikon Ruang-areerate, Toon Mason, Carl Jeffries Sirisopana, Narongrid TI Human infection with Rickettsia sp related to R. japonica, Thailand SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Div Res, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Gaywee, J (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Div Res, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM jariyanartg@afrims.org OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 5 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2007 VL 13 IS 4 BP 671 EP 673 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 155DO UT WOS:000245558200041 PM 17561579 ER PT J AU McGehee, TL Medina, VF Martino, RM Bednar, AJ Weiss, CA Abraham, D AF McGehee, Thomas L. Medina, Victor F. Martino, Rochelle M. Bednar, Anthony J. Weiss, Charles A., Jr. Abraham, David TI Fixation of heavy contaminants of a dirty bomb attack: Studies with uranium and metal simulants SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS LA English DT Article DE dirty bomb; emulsion fixative ID SOIL AB Asphalt emulsions were evaluated as a means to immobilize radiological contaminants deposited on urban surfaces after a dirty bomb attack. Contaminated surfaces would be sprayed with thin coatings of asphalt emulsion to encapsulate the radioactive particles until the site can be safely remediated. This research investigated applications of an asphalt emulsion (Topein C, Encapco Technologies, LLC, Napa, CA) to treat (zero-valent) iron, lead, and uranium powders on various building material surfaces. Initial studies found that some of the building material (limestone, concrete, and metal) reacted with the emulsion producing gas bubbles, which formed 0.001 to 1 cm vesicles in the cured asphalt emulsion. These vesicles, however, did not expose the building material surface, and the reaction appeared to aid in the setting of the emulsion. Powdered lead did not react with the asphalt emulsion, but iron powder and uranium did. Iron powder and the emulsion formed vesicles up to 0.5 mm (but not exposing the building material surface), while the uranium (U3O8) had a moderate reaction when compared with to the lead and iron powders. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the lead powder formed nonreactive layers adjacent to the concrete surface while iron particles were evenly distributed in the asphalt matrix due to the reaction with the asphalt, indicating that the physical and chemical reactions between the iron metal particles, asphalt, and concrete affected particle distribution in the asphalt matrix. A vertical operation sediment tube was used to determine the flowing shear stress durability of the asphalt/metal/substrate complex. The asphalt treatment with iron had no loss at the shear range tested (0.1-2-5 Pa), while the asphalt stabilized powdered lead lost 8% asphalt and lead at 2.5 Pa mean shear stress applied for 5 h. The chemical reaction between asphalt emulsion and iron increased the resistance of the asphalt/metal/substrate complex to shear when compared with lead. Some hydrogen was formed in reactions with iron, but the amount formed was well below the lower flammability limit. Treatment of uranium indicated that the emulsion was effective at reducing leaching of the uranium 10 fold. These experiments indicate that asphalt emulsions may be a viable means for containing metallic or dense radiological contaminants on common building materials. (c) 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Chem, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Geotech & Struct Labs, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Coastal & Hydraul Labs, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP McGehee, TL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Chem, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0278-4491 J9 ENVIRON PROG JI Environ. Prog. PD APR PY 2007 VL 26 IS 1 BP 94 EP 103 DI 10.1002/ep PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 154PO UT WOS:000245519900012 ER PT J AU Suedel, BC Steevens, JA Kennedy, AJ Brasfield, SM Ray, GL AF Suedel, Burton C. Steevens, Jeffery A. Kennedy, Alan J. Brasfield, Sandra M. Ray, Gary L. TI Environmental consequences of water pumped from greater New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina: Chemical, toxicological, and infaunal analysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMPHIPOD AB The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, MS, conducted a study to determine the extent to which Hurricane Katrina floodwaters in the New Orleans, Louisiana area may have had impacts on wildlife habitat and other biological resources in surrounding areas. These studies were conducted as part of the Interagency Performance Evaluation Taskforce, an investigation of environmental impacts originating from the failure of the hurricane protection system during Hurricane Katrina. This paper presents data regarding the effects of pumped floodwaters on sediment chemistry, toxicity, and benthic invertebrate assemblages near pumping stations that discharged floodwaters into marshes near Chalmette and Violet, Louisiana. Chemical contamination of sediments was observed and varied among sample locations (e.g., outfall locations, wastewater treatment plant, canals, and wetlands); however, trends in the chemistry data were not always consistent with bioassay results. A comparison of the sediment chemistry data from this study with three other studies reporting concentrations of chemicals in sediments within the city of New Orleans suggested that sediments and associated contaminants present within the levees were not pumped into the marsh in appreciable quantities. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Suedel, BC (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM burton.suedel@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 41 IS 7 BP 2594 EP 2601 DI 10.1021/es061977s PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 150ZU UT WOS:000245258900085 PM 17438821 ER PT J AU Dembek, ZF Kortepeter, MG Pavlin, JA AF Dembek, Z. F. Kortepeter, M. G. Pavlin, J. A. TI Discernment between deliberate and natural infectious disease outbreaks SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Review ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; NEW-YORK-CITY; BIOTERRORISM-RELATED ANTHRAX; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS; PUBLIC-HEALTH RESPONSE; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; UNITED-STATES; TULAREMIA OUTBREAK; PNEUMONIC TULAREMIA AB Public health authorities should be vigilant to the potential for outbreaks deliberately caused by biological agents (bioterrorism). Such events require a rapid response and incorporation of non-traditional partners for disease investigation and outbreak control. The astute application of infectious disease epidemiological principles can promote an enhanced index of suspicion for such events. We discuss epidemiological indicators that should be considered during outbreak investigations, and also examine their application during bioterrorism incidents, an accidental release of an agent, outbreaks of infections that were alleged to have been deliberately initiated, and a model scenario. The Grunow & Finke epidemiological assessment tool is used to examine these historical events and the model scenario. The results received from this analysis, coupled with an understanding of epidemiological clues to unnatural events, and knowledge of how to manage such events, can aid in the improved response and resolution of epidemics. C1 USA, Dept Med, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Emerging Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Dembek, ZF (reprint author), USA, Dept Med, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM zygmunt.dembek@amedd.army.mil NR 96 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD APR PY 2007 VL 135 IS 3 BP 353 EP 371 DI 10.1017/S0950268806007011 PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 164GG UT WOS:000246221000001 PM 16893485 ER PT J AU Richter, E Masuda, K Cook, C Ehrich, M Tadese, AY Li, HY Owusu, A Srivastava, S Dobi, A AF Richter, Eric Masuda, Katsuaki Cook, Christopher Ehrich, Mathias Tadese, Atekelt Y. Li, Hongyun Owusu, Anthony Srivastava, Shiv Dobi, Albert TI A role for DNA methylation in regulating the growth suppressor PMEPA1 gene in prostate cancer SO EPIGENETICS LA English DT Article DE transcription regulation; methylation; PMEPA1; NKX3.1; PSA; androgen receptor; GSTP1; decitabine; tumor suppressor; SP1; prostate cancer ID BINDING SITES; CELL-GROWTH; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; 5-AZA-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE; HYPERMETHYLATION; PROGRESSION; EPIGENOME; PATHWAY; PROTEIN AB A cascade of epigenetic events contributes to the selective growth advantage of cancer cells during tumor progression. PMEPA1 gene is an androgen-inducible negative regulator of cell growth in the prostate epithelium. During prostate cancer progression PMEPA1 gene transcription is reduced or lost prompting us to investigate the role of epigenetic events in this process. In LAPC4 cells harboring wild type androgen receptor decitabine (5-aza-2'-deoxycitidine) treatment resulted in increased expression of PMEPA1 along with other androgen-inducible genes, suggesting a role for DNA methylation in the repression of androgenic cell growth control signals in prostate cancer. In contrast, mutant androgen receptor expressing LNCaP cells were deficient in this response. Therefore, decitabine-induced expression of cell growth controlling genes such as NKX3.1 or PMEPA1 underlines the clinical applicability of decitabine in prostate tumors harboring wild type androgen receptor. Further analysis of DNA methylation within the PMEPA1 promoter downstream sequences suggests that methylation of SP1 binding sites may also contribute to the repression of PMEPA1 gene. C1 [Richter, Eric; Masuda, Katsuaki; Cook, Christopher; Tadese, Atekelt Y.; Li, Hongyun; Owusu, Anthony; Srivastava, Shiv; Dobi, Albert] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, US Mil Canc Inst, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Richter, Eric] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Ehrich, Mathias] SEQUENOM Inc, San Diego, CA USA. RP Dobi, A (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Dept Surg, US Mil Canc Inst, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM adobi@cpdr.org FU NCI NIH HHS [1R01CA106653-01A2] NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1002 WEST AVENUE, 2ND FLOOR, AUSTIN, TX 78701 USA SN 1559-2294 J9 EPIGENETICS JI Epigenetics PD APR-JUN PY 2007 VL 2 IS 2 BP 100 EP 105 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 306BX UT WOS:000256223100005 PM 18174752 ER PT J AU Cerco, CF Noel, MR AF Cerco, Carl F. Noel, Mark R. TI Can oyster restoration reverse cultural eutrophication in Chesapeake Bay? SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article ID CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA GMELIN; CLAM MERCENARIA-MERCENARIA; POTOMAC RIVER; POTAMOGETON-PERFOLIATUS; ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS; CORBICULA-FLUMINEA; ASIATIC CLAM; NITROGEN; PHYTOPLANKTON; BIVALVES AB We investigated the hypothesis that effects of cultural eutrophication can be reversed through natural resource restoration via addition of an oyster module to a predictive eutrophication model. We explored the potential effects of native oyster restoration on dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll, light attenuation, and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in eutrophic Chesapeake Bay. A tenfold increase in existing oyster biomass is projected to reduce system-wide summer surface chlorophyll by approximately 1 mg m(-3), increase summer-average deep-water DO by 0.25 g m(-3), add 2100 kg C (20%) to summer SAV biomass, and remove 30,000 kg d(-1) nitrogen through enhanced denitrification. The influence of oyster restoration on deep extensive pelagic waters is limited. Oyster restoration is recommended as a supplement to nutrient load reduction, not as a substitute. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Cerco, CF (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,Mail Stop EP-W, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM cercoc@wes.army.mil NR 69 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD APR PY 2007 VL 30 IS 2 BP 331 EP 343 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 176HN UT WOS:000247075600012 ER PT J AU O'Brien, DJ Sottos, NR White, SR AF O'Brien, D. J. Sottos, N. R. White, S. R. TI Cure-dependent viscoelastic poisson's ratio of epoxy SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE viscoelasticity; Poisson's ratio; cure-dependence; Moire interferometry ID LATERAL CONTRACTION; STRESS-RELAXATION; GLASSY-POLYMERS; CREEP; FILMS; SHEAR; BULK AB The evolution of the lateral contraction ratio of two commercial (high and low temperature cure) epoxy resins is studied in uniaxial tension using moire interferometry. The ratio of transverse to axial strains evolves from an elastic value of about 0.40 to a rubbery plateau value of 0.49 at long times. Furthermore, the data indicate that the contraction ratio follows time-temperature superposition with a shift function indistinguishable from other axial viscoelastic functions. The lateral contraction behavior at several cure states past gelation was measured and a model is proposed to describe the cure dependence. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Aerosp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP O'Brien, DJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM dobrien@arl.army.mil NR 29 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD APR PY 2007 VL 47 IS 2 BP 237 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s11340-006-9013-9 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 142VE UT WOS:000244677900005 ER PT J AU Baer, L Wade, C Ronca, A AF Baer, Lisa Wade, Charles Ronca, April TI Effects of chronic prenatal stress on adult body weight, percent body fat weight and plasma leptin in male rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Life Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1420 EP A1420 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708705432 ER PT J AU Belinskaya, T diTargiani, RC Tipparaju, P Chilukuri, N Rosenberg, Y Doctor, BP Saxena, A AF Belinskaya, Tatyana diTargiani, Robert C. Tipparaju, Prasanthi Chilukuri, Nageswararao Rosenberg, Yvonne Doctor, Bhupendra P. Saxena, Ashima TI Biochemical properties of native and recombinant Macaque Butyrylcholinesterase SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Procell Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RI diTargiani, Robert/B-6484-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A643 EP A643 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708505229 ER PT J AU Bentley, TB Kowalska, B Wickramaratne, N AF Bentley, Timothy B. Kowalska, Bozena Wickramaratne, Niluka TI Oxygen dissociation curves of rat blood in vitro and in vivo SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Polytrauma & Resuscitation Res, WRAIR MCR, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A481 EP A482 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708504065 ER PT J AU Bentley, TB Manalac, FJA Rutenberg, AJ AF Bentley, Timothy B. Manalac, Francis-Johannes A. Rutenberg, Adam J. TI Bio-cartogramography a novel presentation of physiological data SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1354 EP A1354 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708705128 ER PT J AU Blaha, M Leon, L AF Blaha, Michael Leon, Lisa TI IL-6 immunoreactivity is increased in mouse liver during heat strain recovery SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1139 EP A1139 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708703236 ER PT J AU Bowman, PD Schuschereba, ST Walker, KP Bynum, JA AF Bowman, Phillip D. Schuschereba, Steven T. Walker, Kerfoot P., III Bynum, James A. TI Cytoprotecition of human cells from thermal injury by pretreatment with geldanamcyin and derivatives SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 US Army Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. USAAMRD, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1346 EP A1346 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708705092 ER PT J AU Cortez, D Cox, A Bliss, J Miranda, N Ryan, KL Kheirabadi, B Klemcke, HG AF Cortez, D. Cox, A. Bliss, J. Miranda, N. Ryan, K. L. Kheirabadi, B. Klemcke, H. G. TI Tissue hypoxia indicators after severe controlled hemorrhage in inbred rat strains SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A825 EP A826 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708700425 ER PT J AU Coughlin, DJ Greenstein, EE Widmer, RJ Meisner, JK Nordt, MF Young, MF Gatson, SN Quick, CM Bowden, RA AF Coughlin, Daniel J. Greenstein, Elizabeth E. Widmer, R. Jay Meisner, Joshua K. Nordt, Marlo F. Young, Missy F. Gatson, Sarah N. Quick, Christopher M. Bowden, Robert A. TI e-Research: a novel use of the Internet to perform live, remote animal research SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 US Mil Acad, MADN C&LS, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Michael E DeBakey Inst, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A595 EP A595 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708504605 ER PT J AU Coughlin, DJ Greenstein, EE Widmer, RJ Meisner, JK Nguyen, PH Nordt, MF Young, MF Quick, CM Bowden, RA AF Coughlin, Daniel J. Greenstein, Elizabeth E. Widmer, Robert J. Meisner, Joshua K. Nguyen, Phuc H. Nordt, Marlo F. Young, Missy F. Quick, Christopher M. Bowden, Robert A. TI Noninvasive characterization of light-induced acute inflammation in the Pallid bat SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 United States Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. Texas A&M Univ, Michael E DeBakey Inst, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A850 EP A850 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708700541 ER PT J AU Doherty, TJ Kolka, MA Coyne, MD Lindsley, G Stephenson, LA AF Doherty, Tammy J. Kolka, Margaret A. Coyne, Mary D. Lindsley, Gila Stephenson, Lou A. TI Circadian clock assessment method in humans SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Sage BioMath, Bergheim, TX 78004 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Wellesley Coll, Wellesley, MA 02181 USA. SleepWell, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1360 EP A1360 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708705159 ER PT J AU Dover, H Patel, OV Ronca, A Wade, CE Plant, K AF Dover, Heather Patel, Osman V. Ronca, April Wade, Charles E. Plant, Karen TI Global gene expression profiling of key adipogenic tissues in hypergravity-exposed lactating rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Med Ctr, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A632 EP A632 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708505171 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Cameron, DG Bowman, PD Walters, TJ AF Dubick, Michael A. Cameron, David G. Bowman, Phillip D. Walters, Thomas J. TI Geldanarriycin (GA) sustainment of antioxidant status in skeletal muscle from rats subjected to tourniquet (TK)-induced ischernia/reperfusion (I/R). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1144 EP A1145 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708703261 ER PT J AU Farrar, RP Merritt, E Walters, T Baer, D Jennings, AM AF Farrar, Roger P. Merritt, Ed Walters, Tom Baer, Dave Jennings, Anne Marie TI Restoration of function of lacerated muscle without surgical or pharmacological intervention SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1307 EP A1307 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708704465 ER PT J AU Fogelgren, B Sharp, IC Yang, SM Ma, WB Himenes, M Uyehara, CF Lozanoff, S AF Fogelgren, Ben Sharp, Ian C. Yang, Shiming Ma, Wenbin Himenes, Manny Uyehara, Catherine F. Lozanoff, Scott TI Deficient embryonic expression of SIX2 is associated with decreased glomerular number and chronic renal failure in the adult 3H1 Br/+ mouse. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Dept Anat Biochem & Physiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Lab Anim Serv, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A142 EP A142 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708501110 ER PT J AU Fulco, CS Muza, S Beidleman, B Jones, J Lammi, E Staab, J Cymerman, A AF Fulco, Charles S. Muza, Stephen Beidleman, Beth Jones, Juli Lammi, Eric Staab, Jariet Cymerman, Allen TI Normobaric intermittent hypoxic exposure improves time-trial performance in hypoxia but not in normoxia SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A822 EP A822 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708700411 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, NV Das, DK Gurusamy, N Atkins, JL AF Gorbunov, Nikolai Viktor Das, Dipak K. Gurusamy, Narasimman Atkins, James L. TI Iron-dependent redox signaling and increase in leukocyte-endotelial interaction in a model of microvascular inflammation in lung SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, MCR, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Connecticut, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Sch Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A128 EP A128 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708501043 ER PT J AU Gurusamy, N Malik, G Gorbunov, NV Das, DK AF Gurusamy, Narasimman Malik, Gautam Gorbunov, Nikolai V. Das, Dipak K. TI Redox activation of REF-1 potentiates cell survival following myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A180 EP A180 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708501295 ER PT J AU Hammamieh, R Barmada, M Jett, M AF Hammamieh, Rasha Barmada, Mohsen Jett, Marti TI Genomic analysis to extract signatures and classify exposures to venezuelan equine encephalitis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A632 EP A632 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708505174 ER PT J AU Hammers, D Merritt, E Walters, T Baer, D Matheny, W Adamo, M Farrar, R AF Hammers, David Merritt, Ed Walters, Tom Baer, Dave Matheny, Wayne Adamo, Martin Farrar, Roger TI IGF-I response to tourniquet-induced injury in young and old mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Soft Tissue Injury Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1304 EP A1304 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708704450 ER PT J AU Hoppensteadt, D Bansal, V Cunanan, J Patel, K Wahi, R Fareed, J AF Hoppensteadt, Debra Bansal, Vinod Cunanan, Josephine Patel, Kuldeep Wahi, Rakesh Fareed, Jawed TI Prevalence of non-specific cross-reac tive epitopes to bovine factor Va light chain fragments in normal and patient plasma SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1124 EP A1124 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708703167 ER PT J AU Keyser, B Andres, D Carpin, C Benton, B Ray, R AF Keyser, Brian Andres, Devon Carpin, Chris Benton, Betty Ray, Radharaman TI Fas agonist antibody-CH11 enhances apoptosis in sulfur mustardexposed human keratinocytes and airway epithelial cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A806 EP A807 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708700337 ER PT J AU Klemcke, HG Ryan, KL Britton, SL Koch, LG Convertino, VA AF Klemcke, Harold G. Ryan, Kathy L. Britton, Steven L. Koch, Lauren G. Convertino, Victor A. TI Lack of difference in survival time to a severe controlled hemorrhage between rat strains bred for aerobic running capacity SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Ann Arbor, MI 49109 USA. RI Koch, Lauren/D-1258-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A868 EP A868 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708701082 ER PT J AU McClung, JP Karl, JP Corum, SJC Williams, KW Rood, JC Young, AJ Lieberman, HR AF McClung, James P. Karl, J. Philip Corum, Sonya J. C. Williams, Kelly W. Rood, Jennifer C. Young, Andrew J. Lieberman, Harris R. TI Longitudinal changes in iron status of enlisted female Soldiers during basic combat training SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Directorate Basic Combat Training, Ft Jackson, SC 29207 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1117 EP A1117 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708703133 ER PT J AU McFaul, SJ Corley, JB Mester, CW AF McFaul, Steve J. Corley, Jason B. Mester, Craig W. TI Supernate of packed red blood cells stored in AS-5 additive solution accumulate mediators of inflammation during storage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A773 EP A773 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708700181 ER PT J AU Merritt, EK Farrar, RP Walters, TJ Baer, D Jennings, AM AF Merritt, Edward Kelly Farrar, Roger P. Walters, Thomas J. Baer, David Jennings, Anne Marie TI Skeletal muscle transection injury with tissue loss SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Texas, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1306 EP A1306 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708704460 ER PT J AU Naik, RS Tang, L Sun, W Matyas, GR Saxena, A AF Naik, Ramachandra S. Tang, Lin Sun, Wei Matyas, Gary R. Saxena, Ashima TI Exposure to low doses of nerve agents suppresses immune functions in mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A442 EP A442 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708503428 ER PT J AU Nind, BC Durkot, MJ Pierce, JR Tuckow, AP Kennett, MJ Nieves, JW Alemany, JA Cosman, F Hymer, WC AF Nind, Bradley C. Durkot, M. J. Pierce, J. R. Tuckow, A. P. Kennett, M. J. Nieves, J. W. Alemany, J. A. Cosman, F. Hymer, W. C. TI Relationship between bioassayable growth hormone, the insulin like growth factor-I system and bone mineral density in men and women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MPD, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Helen Hayes Hosp, Clin Res & Reg Bone Ctr, W Haverstraw, NY 10993 USA. Penn State Univ, Cent Biol Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1421 EP A1421 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708705438 ER PT J AU Patel, OV Ronca, A Wade, CE Plaut, K AF Patel, Osman V. Ronca, April Wade, Charles E. Plaut, Karen TI Prolactin does not play a role in the down-regulation of key lipogenic transcripts in major adipogenic tissues of periparturient rats exposed to hypergravity SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A950 EP A950 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708701465 ER PT J AU Ray, R Benton, B Keyser, B Carpin, C Rosenthal, D AF Ray, Radharaman Benton, Betty Keyser, Brian Carpin, Chris Rosenthal, Dean TI Sulfur mustard-induced apoptosis in human airway epithelial cells appears to be via the death receptor (Fas) pathway SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC 20007 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A258 EP A258 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708502087 ER PT J AU Reisner, AT Xu, D Convertino, V Ryan, K Mukkamala, R AF Reisner, Andrew Tomas Xu, Da Convertino, Victor Ryan, Kathy Mukkamala, Ramakrishna TI Cardiac output estimated from an arterial blood pressure waveform by the "long-time interval" algorithm is a superior predictor of lower-body negative pressure level SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Michigan State Univ, Engn Bldg 2120, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RI Xu, Da/A-6423-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1261 EP A1261 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708704251 ER PT J AU Rickards, CA Ryan, KL Cooke, WH Lurie, KG Convertino, VA AF Rickards, Caroline A. Ryan, Kathy L. Cooke, William H. Lurie, Keith G. Convertino, Victor A. TI Cerebral blood flow oscillations elicited by inspiratory resistance delays the reporting of orthostatic symptoms with central hypovolemia SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. Adv Circulatory Syst Inc, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1387 EP A1387 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708705283 ER PT J AU Ryan, KL Cooke, WH Rickards, CA Lurie, KG Convertino, VA AF Ryan, Kathy L. Cooke, William H. Rickards, Caroline A. Lurie, Keith G. Convertino, Victor A. TI Inspiratory resistance increases hemodynamic oscillations and tolerance to induced central hypovolemia in humans SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. Adv Circulat Syst Inc, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A875 EP A875 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708701116 ER PT J AU Ryan, KL AF Ryan, Kathy L. TI Right Stuff, wrong sex: The lovelace woman in space program (1960-1962) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A444 EP A444 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708503439 ER PT J AU Saboori, AM Prasanna, P Krishanan, S Vatanian, N Managoli, NB Bong, KK Marrogi, AJ AF Saboori, Ali M. Prasanna, Premkala Krishanan, Selvi Vatanian, Negin Managoli, nandkishor B. Bong, Kim K. Marrogi, Aizen J. TI Molecular mechanisms of phenolic-rich botanical drug productInduced apoptosis in human cancer cell lines SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A616 EP A616 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708505095 ER PT J AU Scrimgeour, A Marchitelli, LJ Isome, HM Catrambone, DE Whicker, JS Young, AJ AF Scrimgeour, Angus Marchitelli, Louis J. Isome, Heath M. Catrambone, Daniel E. Whicker, Jered S. Young, Andrew J. TI Effects of moderate zinc deficiency and voluntary exercise on bone biomechanical indices in rats, as measured by in vivo DXA and pQCT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut C1 US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Milit Performance Div, Milit Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A720 EP A720 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708505589 ER PT J AU Shih, TM O'Donnell, JC McDonough, JH Ferrara, T AF Shih, Tsung-Ming O'Donnell, John C. McDonough, John H. Ferrara, Teresa TI The use of in vivo microdialysis and HPLC analysis to measure extracellular acetylcholine levels after acute nerve agent exposure SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Res, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1173 EP A1173 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708703393 ER PT J AU Somponpun, SJ Sato, AK Uyehara, CFT AF Somponpun, Suwit J. Sato, Aileen K. Uyehara, Catherine F. T. TI Brains of rats submitted to short-term alcohol administration retain the ability to respond appropriately to an acute osmotic challenge SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A508 EP A508 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708504192 ER PT J AU Stephenson, LA Doherty, TJ Coyne, MD Kolka, MA AF Stephenson, Lou A. Doherty, Tammy J. Coyne, Mary D. Kolka, Margaret A. TI Chemotherapy disrupts circadian core temperature rhythm SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Wellesley Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Wellesley, MA 02181 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A594 EP A595 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708504602 ER PT J AU Sung, CL Hashiro, GM Hernandez, CA Claybaugh, JR Uyehara, CFT AF Sung, Chen Li Hashiro, Glenn M. Hernandez, Claudia A. Claybaugh, John R. Uyehara, Catherine F. T. TI Vasopressin increases cortisol levels independent of ACTH or catecholamine stimulation in a porcine model of septic shock SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A514 EP A514 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708504216 ER PT J AU Turner, AE Whiteman, S Jett, M Mendis, C AF Turner, Anne Elise Whiteman, Sarah Jett, Marti Mendis, Chanaka TI Early intervention by targeting inhibitors of multiple signal transduction pathways in LPS induced human PBMCs SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Wisconsin, Platteville, WI 53818 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A660 EP A660 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708505314 ER PT J AU Uyehara, CFT Hernandez, CA Hashiro, GM Somponpun, SJ Sato, AK AF Uyehara, Catherine F. T. Hernandez, Claudia A. Hashiro, Glenn M. Somponpun, Suwit J. Sato, Aileen K. TI Gender difference in water excretion and vasopressin secretion in response to chronic high dose alcohol exposure SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1418 EP A1418 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708705426 ER PT J AU Wade, C Baer, L AF Wade, Charles Baer, Lisa TI WISE 2005-2006: 60-days of head-down bed rest increases the incidence of menstrual cycle disruption SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A951 EP A951 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708701473 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Bynum, J Stavchansky, S Bowman, P AF Wang, Xinyu Bynum, James Stavchansky, Salomon Bowman, Phillip TI A role for heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) induction in providing the beneficial effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in vivo SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 5 BP A419 EP A419 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HD UT WOS:000245708503322 ER PT J AU Wu, XW Baer, LA Wade, CE Walters, TJ Wolf, SE AF Wu, Xiaowu Baer, Lisa A. Wade, Charles E. Walters, Thomas J. Wolf, Steven E. TI Impact of hindlimb unloading on muscle atrophy after severe burn in rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A941 EP A941 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708701423 ER PT J AU Zhang, P Li, D Ray, R Singh, BR Keller, JE Adler, M Ray, P AF Zhang, Peng Li, Dan Ray, Radharaman Singh, Bal Ram Keller, James E. Adler, Michael Ray, Prabhati TI Targeted therapeutic peptide delivery to synaptic junctions as botulism countermeasure SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Massachusetts, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. US FDA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A1001 EP A1001 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708702153 ER PT J AU Zheng, JG Wang, R Zambraski, E Wu, D Jacobson, K Liang, B AF Zheng, Jingang Wang, Rubio Zambraski, Edward Wu, Dan Jacobson, Kenneth Liang, Bruce TI A novel skeletal muscle cytoprotective action of adenosine A3 receptors SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC C1 Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NIH, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 6 BP A800 EP A800 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 157HF UT WOS:000245708700307 ER PT J AU Freedman, BA Lin, DL Tis, JE AF Freedman, Brett A. Lin, David L. Tis, John E. TI Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the calcaneocuboid joint in an 11-year-old child with subtalar coalition SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID GIANT-CELL TUMOR; TENDON SHEATH; ANKLE; FOOT; ARTERY; KNEE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Tis, JE (reprint author), 4216 Gelding Lane, Olney, MD 20832 USA. EM john.tis@na.amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD APR PY 2007 VL 28 IS 4 BP 511 EP 515 DI 10.3113/FAI.2007.05.0511 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 158AE UT WOS:000245762300017 PM 17475149 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZJ Lee, YC Kim, SJ Choi, MS Tsai, PC Saha, A Wei, H Xu, Y Xiao, YJ Zhang, P Heffer, A Mukherjee, AB AF Zhang, Zhongjian Lee, Yi-Ching Kim, Sung-Jo Choi, Moonsuk S. Tsai, Pei-Chih Saha, Arjun Wei, Hui Xu, Yan Xiao, Yi-Jin Zhang, Peng Heffer, Alison Mukherjee, Anil B. TI Production of lysophosphatidylcholine by cPLA(2) in the brain of mice lacking PPT1 is a signal for phagocyte infiltration SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID NEURONAL CEROID-LIPOFUSCINOSIS; UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; APOPTOTIC CELLS; ACTIVATION; MICROGLIA; INCL; NEURODEGENERATION; DEATH; NEUROTOXICITY AB In the majority of neurodegenerative storage disorders, neuronal death in the brain is followed by infiltration of phagocytic cells (e.g. activated microglia, astroglia and macrophages) for the efficient removal of cell corpses. However, it is increasingly evident that these phagocytes may also cause death of adjoining viable neurons contributing to rapid progression of neurodegeneration. Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL) is a devastating, neurodegenerative, lysosomal storage disorder caused by inactivating mutations in the palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1) gene. PPT1 catalyzes the cleavage of thioester linkages in S-acylated (palmitoylated) proteins and its deficiency leads to abnormal accumulation of thioesterified polypeptides (ceroid) in lysosomes causing INCL pathogenesis. PPT1-knockout (PPT1-KO) mice mimic the clinical and pathological features of human INCL including rapid neuronal death by apoptosis and phagocyte infiltration. We previously reported that in PPT1-KO mice, the neurons undergo endoplasmic reticulum stress activating unfolded protein response, which mediates caspase-12 activation and apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanism(s) by which the phagocytic cells are recruited in the PPT1-KO mouse brain remains poorly understood. We report here that increased production of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), catalyzed by the activation of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) in the PPT1-KO mouse brain, is a 'lipid signal' for phagocyte recruitment. We also report that an age-dependent increase in LPC levels in the PPT1-KO mouse brain positively correlates with elevated expression of the genes characteristically associated with phagocytes. We propose that increased cPLA(2)-catalyzed LPC production in the brain is at least one of the mechanisms that mediate phagocyte infiltration contributing to INCL neuropathology. C1 NICHHD, Sect Dev Genet, Heritable Disorders Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Canc Biol, Lerner Res Inst, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Mukherjee, AB (reprint author), NICHHD, Sect Dev Genet, Heritable Disorders Branch, NIH, Bldg 10,Room 9D42,10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mukherja@exchange.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS; NCI NIH HHS [R01-CA89228] NR 44 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 16 IS 7 BP 837 EP 847 DI 10.1093/hmg/ddm029 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 162XI UT WOS:000246122400011 PM 17341491 ER PT J AU Zhao, Q Tong, L Swami, A Chen, YX AF Zhao, Qing Tong, Lang Swami, Ananthram Chen, Yunxia TI Decentralized cognitive MAC for opportunistic spectrum access in ad hoc networks: A POMDP framework SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks CY NOV 08-11, 2005 CL Baltimore, MD SP IEEE EMC Soc, ACM Sigmobile, WWRF DE opportunistic spectrum access; cognitive MAC; partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) AB We propose decentralized cognitive MAC protocols that allow secondary users to independently search for spectrum opportunities without a central coordinator or a dedicated communication channel. Recognizing hardware and energy constraints, we assume that a secondary user may not be able to perform full-spectrum sensing or may not be willing to monitor the spectrum when it has no data to transmit. We develop an analytical framework for opportunistic spectrum access based on the theory of Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). This decision-theoretic approach integrates the design of spectrum access protocols at the MAC layer with spectrum sensing at the physical layer and traffic statistics determined by the application layer of the primary network. It also allows easy incorporation of spectrum sensing error and constraint on the probability of colliding with the primary users. Under this POMDP framework, we propose cognitive MAC protocols that optimize the performance of secondary users while limiting the interference perceived by primary users. A suboptimal strategy with reduced complexity yet comparable performance is developed. Without additional control message exchange between the secondary transmitter and receiver, the proposed decentralized protocols ensure synchronous hopping in the spectrum between the transmitter and the receiver in the presence of collisions and spectrum sensing errors. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhao, Q (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM qzhao@ece.ucdavis.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu; aswami@arl.army.mil; yxchen@ece.ucdavis.edu NR 18 TC 790 Z9 850 U1 6 U2 33 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD APR PY 2007 VL 25 IS 3 BP 589 EP 600 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2007.070409 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 150OL UT WOS:000245226000009 ER PT J AU Yang, LQ Giannakis, GB Swami, A AF Yang, Liuqing Giannakis, Georgios B. Swami, Ananthram TI Noncoherent ultra-wideband (De)modulation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2004) CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 2004 CL Monterey, CA SP IEEE DE channel estimation; differential modulation; non-coherent detection; timing synchronization; transmitted reference (TR); ultra-wideband (UWB) ID SEQUENCE ESTIMATION; MULTIPATH CHANNELS; PERFORMANCE AB Ultra-wideband (UWB) radios have received increasing attention recently for their potential to overlay legacy systems, their low-power consumption and low-complexity implementation. Because of the pulsed or duty-cycled nature of the ultra-short transmitted waveforms, timing synchronization and channel estimation pose major, and often conflicting, challenges and requirements. In order to address (or in fact bypass) both tasks, we design and test noncoherent UWB (de)modulation schemes, which remain operational even without timing and channel information. Relying on integrate-and-dump operations of what we term "dirty templates," we first derive a maximum likelihood (ML) optimal noncoherent UWB demodulator. We further establish a conditional ML demodulator with lower complexity. Analysis and simulations show that both can also be applied after (possibly imperfect) timing acquisition. Under the assumption of perfect timing, our noncoherent UWB scheme reduces to a differential UWB system. Our approach can also be adapted to a transmitted reference (TR) UWB system. We show that the resultant robust-to-timing TR (RTTR) approach considerably improves performance of the original TR system in the presence of timing offsets or residual timing acquisition errors. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yang, LQ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM lqyang@ece.ufl.edu; georgios@ece.umn.edu; a.swami@ieee.org NR 24 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0090-6778 J9 IEEE T COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Commun. PD APR PY 2007 VL 55 IS 4 BP 810 EP 819 DI 10.1109/TCOMM.2007.894116 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 161RV UT WOS:000246034300020 ER PT J AU Crino, S Brown, DE AF Crino, Scott Brown, Donald E. TI Global optimization with multivariate adaptive regression splines SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS LA English DT Article DE genetic algorithm (GA); neural network (NN); simulated annealing (SA); successive response surface methodology (SRSM) ID COMPUTER EXPERIMENTS; NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS; GENETIC ALGORITHM; NETWORK; DESIGNS AB This paper presents a novel procedure for approximating the global optimum in structural design by combining multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) with a response surface methodology (RSM). MARS is a flexible regression technique that uses a modified recursive partitioning strategy to simplify high-dimensional problems into smaller yet highly accurate models. Combining MARS and RSM improves the conventional RSM by addressing highly nonlinear high-dimensional problems that can be simplified into lower dimensions, yet maintains a low computational cost and better interpretability when compared to neural networks and generalized additive models. MARS/RSM is also compared to simulated annealing and genetic algorithms in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy. The MARS/RSM procedure is applied to a set of low-dimensional test functions to demonstrate its convergence and limiting properties. C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Crino, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM scott.crino@us.army.mil; brown@virginia.edu NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1083-4419 EI 1941-0492 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY B JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B-Cybern. PD APR PY 2007 VL 37 IS 2 BP 333 EP 340 DI 10.1109/TSMCB.2006.883430 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA 148WY UT WOS:000245109300008 PM 17416161 ER PT J AU Dobre, OA Abdi, A Bar-Ness, Y Su, W AF Dobre, O. A. Abdi, A. Bar-Ness, Y. Su, W. TI Survey of automatic modulation classification techniques: classical approaches and new trends SO IET COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Review ID COMMUNICATION SIGNALS; DIGITAL MODULATIONS; RECOGNITION; STATISTICS; SIMULATION; ALGORITHM; CHANNEL; MOMENT AB The automatic recognition of the modulation format of a detected signal, the intermediate step between signal detection and demodulation, is a major task of an intelligent receiver, with various civilian and military applications. Obviously, with no knowledge of the transmitted data and many unknown parameters at the receiver, such as the signal power, carrier frequency and phase offsets, timing information and so on, blind identification of the modulation is a difficult task. This becomes even more challenging in real-world scenarios with multipath fading, frequency-selective and time-varying channels. With this in mind, the authors provide a comprehensive survey of different modulation recognition techniques in a systematic way. A unified notation is used to bring in together, under the same umbrella, the vast amount of results and classifiers, developed for different modulations. The two general classes of automatic modulation identification algorithms are discussed in detail, which rely on the likelihood function and features of the received signal, respectively. The contributions of numerous articles are summarised in compact forms. This helps the reader to see the main characteristics of each technique. However, in many cases, the results reported in the literature have been obtained under different conditions. So, we have also simulated some major techniques under the same conditions, which allows a fair comparison among different methodologies. Furthermore, new problems that have appeared as a result of emerging wireless technologies are outlined. Finally, open problems and possible directions for future research are briefly discussed. C1 Mem Univ Newfoundland, Fac Engn & Appl Sci, St John, NF A1B 3X5, Canada. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. USA, RDECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Dobre, OA (reprint author), Mem Univ Newfoundland, Fac Engn & Appl Sci, St John, NF A1B 3X5, Canada. EM dobre@engr.mun.ca RI Dobre, Octavia/B-1435-2008 NR 100 TC 324 Z9 373 U1 5 U2 40 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1751-8628 J9 IET COMMUN JI IET Commun. PD APR PY 2007 VL 1 IS 2 BP 137 EP 156 DI 10.1049/ict-com:20050176 PG 20 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 212EZ UT WOS:000249577700001 ER PT J AU Oakley, MSM Kumar, S Anantharaman, V Zheng, H Mahajan, B Haynes, JD Moch, JK Fairhurst, R McCutchan, TF Aravind, L AF Oakley, Miranda S. M. Kumar, Sanjai Anantharaman, Vivek Zheng, Hong Mahajan, Babita Haynes, J. David Moch, J. Kathleen Fairhurst, Rick McCutchan, Thomas F. Aravind, L. TI Molecular factors and biochemical pathways induced by febrile temperature in intraerythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum parasites SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; GROWTH-INHIBITION; MALARIA PARASITES; MOSQUITO MIDGUT; HEMOGLOBIN-C; IN-VITRO; APOPTOSIS AB Intermittent episodes of febrile illness are the most benign and recognized symptom of infection with malaria parasites, although the effects on parasite survival and virulence remain unclear. In this study, we identified the molecular factors altered in response to febrile temperature by measuring differential expression levels of individual genes using high-density oligonucleotide microarray technology and by performing biological assays in asexual-stage Plasmodiuntfalciparurn parasite cultures incubated at 37 degrees C and 41 degrees C (an elevated temperature that is equivalent to malaria-induced febrile illness in the host). Elevated temperature had a profound influence on expression of individual genes; 336 of approximately 5,300 genes (6.3% of the genome) had altered expression profiles. Of these, 163 genes (49%) were upregulated by twofold or greater, and 173 genes (51%) were downregulated by twofold or greater. In-depth sensitive sequence profile analysis revealed that febrile temperature-induced responses caused significant alterations in the major parasite biologic networks and pathways and that these changes are well coordinated and intricately linked. One of the most notable transcriptional changes occurs in genes encoding proteins containing the predicted Pexel motifs that are exported into the host cytoplasm or inserted into the host cell membrane and are likely to be associated with erythrocyte remodeling and parasite sequestration functions. Using our sensitive computational analysis, we were also able to assign biochemical or biologic functional predictions for at least 100 distinct genes previously annotated as "hypothetical." We find that cultivation of P.falciparum parasites at 41 degrees C leads to parasite death in a time-dependent manner. The presence of the "crisis forms" and the terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling-positive parasites following heat treatment strongly support the notion that an apoptosis-like cell death mechanism might be induced in response to febrile temperatures. These studies enhance the possibility of designing vaccines and drugs on the basis of disruption in molecules and pathways of parasite survival and virulence activated in response to febrile temperatures. C1 US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Emerging & Transfus Transmitted Dis, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Lab Malaria & Vector Res, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Emerging Infect Dis Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Emerging & Transfus Transmitted Dis, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM Sanjai.kumar@fda.hhs.gov OI Anantharaman, Vivek/0000-0001-8395-0009 FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 52 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 2007 VL 75 IS 4 BP 2012 EP 2025 DI 10.1128/IAI.01236-06 PG 14 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 153GY UT WOS:000245421400054 PM 17283083 ER PT J AU Choi, KK Monroy, C Swaminathan, V Tamir, T Leung, M Devitt, J Forrai, D Endres, D AF Choi, Kwong-Kit Monroy, Carlos Swaminathan, Venkataraman Tamir, Theodor Leung, Ming Devitt, John Forrai, David Endres, Darrel TI Optimization of corrugated-QWIPs for large format, high quantum efficiency, and multi-color FPAs SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE infrared detector; quantum well; light-coupling; FPA ID SUPERLATTICES AB Previously, we demonstrated a large format 1024 x 1024 corrugated quantum well infrared photodetector focal plane array (C-QWIP FPA). The FPA has a cutoff at 8.6 mu m and is BLIP at 76 K with f/1.8 optics. The pixel had a shallow trapezoidal geometry that simplified processing but limited the quantum efficiency QE. In this paper, we will present two approaches to achieve a larger QE for the C-QWIPs. The first approach increases the size of the corrugations for more active volume and adopts a nearly triangular pixel geometry for larger light reflecting surfaces. With these improvements, QE is predicted to be about 35% for a pair of inclined sidewalls, which is more than twice the previous value. The second approach is to use Fabry-Perot resonant oscillations inside the corrugated cavities to enhance the vertical electric field strength. With this approach, a larger QE of 50% can be achieved within certain spectral regions without using either very thick active layers or anti-reflection coatings. The former approach has been adopted to produce two FPAs, and the preliminary experimental results will be discussed. In this paper, we also describe using voltage tunable detector materials to achieve multi-color capability for these FPAs. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Polytech Univ, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. L3 Cincinnati Elect, Mason, OH 45040 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kchoi@arl.army.mil RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 50 IS 2-3 BP 124 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2006.10.003 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 169ND UT WOS:000246598000008 ER PT J AU Jhabvala, M Choi, KK Monroy, C La, A AF Jhabvala, M. Choi, K. K. Monroy, C. La, A. TI Development of a 1K x 1K, 8-12 mu m QWIP array SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WELL INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS AB In the on-going evolution of GaAs quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) we have developed a 1024 X 1024 (1K x 1K), 8-12 mu m infrared focal plane array (FPA). This 1 megapixel detector array is a hybrid using an L3/Cincinnati Electronics silicon readout integrated circuit (ROIC) bump bonded to a GaAs QWIP array fabricated jointly by engineers at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and the Army Research Laboratory (ARL). We have integrated the 1K x 1K array into an SE-IR based imaging camera system and performed tests over the 50-80 K temperature range achieving BLIP performance at an operating temperature of 57 K. The GaAs array is relatively easy to fabricate once the superlattice structure of the quantum wells has been defined and grown. The overall arrays costs are currently dominated by the costs associated with the silicon readout since the GaAs array fabrication is based on high yield, well-established GaAs processing capabilities. One of the advantages of GaAs QWIP technology is the ability to fabricate arrays in a fashion similar to and compatible with silicon IC technology. The designer's ability to easily select the spectral response of the material from 3 mu m to beyond 15 mu m is the result of the success of band-gap engineering and the Army Research Lab is a leader in this area. In this paper we will present the first results of our 1K x 1K QWIP array development including fabrication methodology, test data and imaging capabilities. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jhabvala, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM murzy.jhabvala@gsfc.nasa.gov RI Choi, Kwong-Kit/K-9205-2013 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1350-4495 J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN JI Infrared Phys. Technol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 50 IS 2-3 BP 234 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2006.10.029 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics GA 169ND UT WOS:000246598000026 ER PT J AU Yatsalo, BI Kiker, GA Kim, J Bridges, TS Seager, TP Gardner, K Satterstrom, FK Linkov, I AF Yatsalo, Boris I. Kiker, Gregory A. Kim, Jongbum Bridges, Todd S. Seager, Thomas P. Gardner, Kevin Satterstrom, F. Kyle Linkov, Igor TI Application of Multicriteria Decision Analysis Tools to Two Contaminated Sediment Case Studies SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Environmental policy; Multicriteria decision analysis; Risk assessment; Sediments AB Environmental decision making is becoming increasingly more information intensive and complex. Our previous work shows that multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) tools offer a scientifically sound decision analytical framework for environmental management, in general, and specifically for selecting optimal sediment management alternatives. Integration of MCDA into risk assessment and sediment management may require linkage of different models and software platforms whose results may lead to somewhat different conclusions. This paper illustrates the application of 3 different MCDA methods in 2 case studies involving contaminated sediment management. These case studies are based on real sediment management problems experienced by the US Army Corps of Engineers and other stakeholders in New York/New Jersey Harbor, USA, and the Cocheco River Superfund Site in New Hampshire, USA. Our analysis shows that application of 3 different MCDA tools points to similar management solutions no matter which tool is applied. MCDA tools and approaches were constructively used to elicit the strengths and weaknesses of each method when solving the problem. C1 [Yatsalo, Boris I.] Obninsk State Tech Univ Nucl Power Engn, IATE, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, Russia. [Kiker, Gregory A.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL USA. [Kim, Jongbum; Bridges, Todd S.] US Army, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Seager, Thomas P.; Gardner, Kevin] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Contaminated Sediments Res, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Satterstrom, F. Kyle] Cambridge Environm, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA. [Linkov, Igor] Intertox, 83 Winchester St,Suite 1, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. RP Linkov, I (reprint author), Intertox, 83 Winchester St,Suite 1, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. EM ilinkov@intertox.com OI Gardner, Kevin/0000-0002-3848-0674 FU USACE Dredging Operations Environmental Research Program; Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) [5043]; Department of Commerce SABIT Program FX Support for this study was provided by the USACE Dredging Operations Environmental Research Program. Additional support was provided by the Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF, project 5043) and by the Department of Commerce SABIT Program. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this material. NR 21 TC 31 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD APR PY 2007 VL 3 IS 2 BP 223 EP 233 DI 10.1897/IEAM_2006-036.1 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA V43WY UT WOS:000209712700007 PM 17477290 ER PT J AU Wharfe, J Adams, W Apitz, SE Barra, R Bridges, TS Hickey, C Ireland, S AF Wharfe, Jim Adams, William Apitz, Sabine E. Barra, Ricardo Bridges, Todd S. Hickey, Chris Ireland, Scott TI In Situ Methods of Measurement-An Important Line of Evidence in the Environmental Risk Framework SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Risk assessment; In situ; Chemicals; Ecological benefit AB A tiered framework provides a structured approach to assess and manage risk and underpins much of the legislation concerning chemicals and environmental management. Management decisions regarding appropriate controls can have high cost implications to the regulated community. The risk framework provides an evidence-based approach to reduce uncertainty in decision making. Traditional assessment is heavily dependent on laboratory-generated toxicity test data and estimations of exposure and effect. Despite many well documented demonstrations of in situ methodologies, they are rarely used by regulators to help improve assessment or to validate risk. Emerging legislation puts greater emphasis on environmental outcomes and represents a significant shift from the reliance on chemical measures alone toward biological responses that improve assessment and demonstrate ecological benefit. Diagnostic methods, that could include in situ-based measures, will help assess and manage environments failing to achieve good status and it is likely that a weight of evidence approach will be needed to help inform management decisions. The potential application of such measures in the risk framework is reviewed in the context of current and emerging legislation concerning chemicals. Effect measures on the basis of in situ methods provide an alternative line of evidence and can help reduce uncertainty in decision making. Criteria are presented to help select appropriate methods in a multiple-line, weight of evidence approach. C1 [Wharfe, Jim] Environm Agcy, Sci Grp, Howbery Pk, Wallingford OX10 8BD, Oxon, England. [Adams, William] Rio Tinto, Murray, UT 84107 USA. [Apitz, Sabine E.] SEA Environm Decis, Little Hadham SG11 2AT, Herts, England. Univ Concepcion, Eula Chile Ctr, Concepcion, Chile. [Bridges, Todd S.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Hickey, Chris] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res NIWA, Hamilton, New Zealand. [Hickey, Chris; Ireland, Scott] US Environm Protect Agcy, Great Lakes Natl Program Off, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Wharfe, J (reprint author), Environm Agcy, Sci Grp, Howbery Pk, Wallingford OX10 8BD, Oxon, England. EM jim.wharfe@environment-agency.gov.uk RI Barra, Ricardo/A-5543-2009 OI Barra, Ricardo/0000-0002-1567-7722 FU Environment Canada; European Copper Institute; International Copper Association; International Lead Zinc Research Organization; Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association; Rio Tinto PLV; Rohm and Haas Company; Teck Cominco America; UK Environmental Agency; US Army Corps of Engineers; US Environmental Protection Agency; 6th Framework Programme for Global Change and Ecosystems project "Integrating new technologies for the study of benthic ecosystem response to human activity: towards a Coastal Ocean Benthic Observatory'' [505564] FX SEA acknowledges the 6th Framework Programme for Global Change and Ecosystems (1.1.6.3) project "Integrating new technologies for the study of benthic ecosystem response to human activity: towards a Coastal Ocean Benthic Observatory'' (project 505564). The workshop was supported by 11 business and governmental organizations, including Environment Canada, European Copper Institute, International Copper Association, International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association, Rio Tinto PLV, Rohm and Haas Company, Teck Cominco America, UK Environmental Agency, US Army Corps of Engineers, and the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD APR PY 2007 VL 3 IS 2 BP 268 EP 274 DI 10.1897/IEAM_2006-024.1 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA V43WY UT WOS:000209712700011 PM 17477294 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW Clark, JC Castro, CA AF Hoge, Charles W. Clark, Julie C. Castro, Carl A. TI Commentary: Women in combat and the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; MILITARY PERSONNEL; PERSIAN-GULF; DEPLOYMENT; PTSD; PREVALENCE; PREDICTORS; ATTRITION; ASSAULT; SERVICE C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Branch & Mat Command, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Branch & Mat Command, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM charles.hoge@us.army.mil NR 20 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 2 BP 327 EP 329 DI 10.1093/ije/dym013 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 190TT UT WOS:000248084200016 PM 17376800 ER PT J AU Segletes, SB AF Segletes, Steven B. TI The erosion transition of tungsten-alloy long rods into aluminum targets SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE penetration; erosion transition; erosion; rigid; lateral; interference ID STEEL PROJECTILES; HIGH-VELOCITY; NOSE RODS; PENETRATION; PERFORATION; PLATES AB This work extends and refines the phenomenological understanding of ballistic penetration in the vicinity of the erosion-threshold velocity, for the case of hemispherical-nosed tungsten rods striking ductile targets. Analysis, supported by experimentation, indicates a period of noneroding penetration for these configurations, which results from lateral support exerted by the target crater upon the deforming, yet noneroding, penetrator. Experiments indicate that the magnitude of the lateral support, the direct result of an interference fit between rod and crater, must be on the order of the target's ballistic-penetration resistance, and does not vary with the impact velocity over the range studied. Analysis suggests that the duration of the noneroding portion of the ballistic event is neither governed by a fixed time, nor by a fixed depth of penetration, but rather by a fixed, permissible level of deformation in the penetrator. Crown Copyright (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, AMSRD ARL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Segletes, SB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, AMSRD ARL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM steven@arl.army.mil NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD APR PY 2007 VL 44 IS 7-8 BP 2168 EP 2191 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2006.06.047 PG 24 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 147SG UT WOS:000245022200006 ER PT J AU Hartzell, JD Spooner, K Howard, R Wegner, S Wortmann, G AF Hartzell, Joshua D. Spooner, Katherine Howard, Robin Wegner, Scott Wortmann, Glenn TI Race and mental health diagnosis are risk factors for highly active antiretroviral therapy failure in a military cohort despite equal access to care SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV; race; viral load ID HIV-INFECTION; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; CLINICAL PROGRESSION; VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE; VIRAL LOAD; AIDS; ADHERENCE; SEX; MORTALITY; EUROSIDA AB Background: Data suggest that African Americans have lower rates of virologic suppression using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), possibly because of socioeconomic status and access to care. In a US Military clinic, where beneficiaries have ready access to no-cost health care, the impact of several variables (including race) on HIV virologic Suppression were examined. Methods: Retrospective analysis of antiretroviral-naive patients who began HAART between 1997 and 2003. Demographics, viral loads, CD4 cell counts, and mental health diagnoses were analyzed. Results: The charts of 129 individuals who initiated their first antiretroviral regimen during the period of observation were evaluated. The overall efficacy of reaching viral suppression was 71% at 12 months and 56% at 24 months. HIV suppression was achieved at 12 months by 63% of African Americans and 92% of whites (P = 0.001). Mental health diagnosis was associated with failure at 24 months (38 vs. 61%; P=0.034). Being white (odds ratio = 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2 to 10.3; P = 0.022) and lacking a mental health diagnosis (odds ratio = 8.7, 95% CI: 2.4 to 32.1; P = 0.001) were both associated with increased efficacy at 24 months by multivariate analysis. Conclusions: African-American race and the presence of a mental health diagnoses were independently associated with antiretroviral failure. Equal access to care yields high efficacy rates with HAART but does not fully equilibrate racial differences in virologic failure. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Biometr Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hartzell, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Internal Med, BLD2,Ward 63,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM joshua.hartzell@na.amedd.army.mil NR 39 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 44 IS 4 BP 411 EP 416 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31802f83a6 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 146CW UT WOS:000244913100006 PM 17195762 ER PT J AU Day, WA Rasmussen, SL Carpenter, BM Peterson, SN Friedlander, AM AF Day, William A., Jr. Rasmussen, Suzanne L. Carpenter, Beth M. Peterson, Scott N. Friedlander, Arthur M. TI Microarray analysis of transposon insertion mutations in Bacillus anthracis: Global identification of genes required for sporulation and germination SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; SPORE VACCINE; SUBTILIS; VIRULENCE; MUTAGENESIS; STRAIN; EXPRESSION; EFFICACY; MUTANTS; OPERON AB A transposon site hybridization (TraSH) assay was developed for functional analysis of the Bacillus anthracis genome using a mini-Tn10 transposon which permitted analysis of 82% of this pathogen's genes. The system, used to identify genes required for generation of infectious anthrax spores, spore germination, and optimal growth on rich medium, was predictive of the contributions of two conserved hypothetical genes for the phenotypes examined. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Headquarters Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Inst Genom Res, Dept Microbial Genom, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Day, WA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM arthur.friedlander@amedd.army.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01AI15447] NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 189 IS 8 BP 3296 EP 3301 DI 10.1128/JB.01860-06 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 161QB UT WOS:000246029300038 PM 17277068 ER PT J AU Stahl, AM Ruthel, G Torres-Melendez, E Kenny, TA Panchal, RG Bavari, S AF Stahl, Andrea M. Ruthel, Gordon Torres-Melendez, Edna Kenny, Tara A. Panchal, Rekha G. Bavari, Sina TI Primary cultures of embryonic chicken neurons for sensitive cell-based assay of botulinum neurotoxin: Implications for therapeutic discovery SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR SCREENING LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; chick neurons; SNAP-25 ID SMALL-MOLECULE INHIBITORS; TOXIN; IDENTIFICATION; TETANUS; PROTEIN AB Botulinum toxin is an exceedingly potent inhibitor of neurotransmission across the neuromuscular junction, causing flaccid paralysis and death. The potential for misuse of this deadly poison as a bioweapon has added a greater urgency to the search for effective therapeutics. The development of sensitive and efficient cell-based assays for the evaluation of toxin antagonists is crucial to the rapid and successful identification of therapeutic compounds. The authors evaluated the sensitivity of primary cultures from 4 distinct regions of the embryonic chick nervous system to botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) cleavage of synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kD (SNAP-25). Although differences in sensitivity were apparent, SNAP-25 cleavage was detectable in neuronal cells from each of the 4 regions within 3 It at BoNT/A concentrations of 1 nM or lower. Co-incubation of chick neurons with BoNT/A and toxin-neutralizing antibodies inhibited SNAP-25 cleavage, demonstrating the utility of these cultures for the assay of BoNT/A antagonists. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, SAIC Frederick Inc, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Ruthel, G (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM gordon.ruthel@amedd.army.mil; sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-12400] NR 25 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1087-0571 J9 J BIOMOL SCREEN JI J. Biomol. Screen PD APR PY 2007 VL 12 IS 3 BP 370 EP 377 DI 10.1177/1087057106299163 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry GA 157WV UT WOS:000245753000008 PM 17332092 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Fang, SC Lavery, JE AF Wang, Yong Fang, Shu-Cherng Lavery, John E. TI A compressed primal-dual method for generating bivariate. cubic L-1 splines SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID GEOMETRIC-PROGRAMMING APPROACH; MULTISCALE INTERPOLATION AB In this paper, we develop a compressed version of the primal-dual interior point method for generating bivariate cubic L-1 splines. Discretization of the underlying optimization model, which is a nonsmooth convex programming problem, leads to an overdetermined linear system that can be handled by interior point methods. Taking advantage of the special matrix structure of the cubic L-1 spline problem, we design a compressed primal-dual interior point algorithm. Computational experiments indicate that this compressed primal-dual method is robust and is much faster than the ordinary (uncompressed) primal-dual interior point algorithm. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved. C1 SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Ind Engn & Operat Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Army Res Lab, Army Res Off, Math Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Math Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. EM Yong.Wang@sas.com; fang@eos.ncsu.edu; john.lavery2@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0427 J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH JI J. Comput. Appl. Math. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 201 IS 1 BP 69 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.cam.2006.02.005 PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 139AS UT WOS:000244405000007 ER PT J AU Raglin, AJ Chouikha, M AF Raglin, Adrienne Jeanisha Chouikha, Mohamed TI Image segmentation utilizing the winner-take-all dynamics in a large-array opto-electronic feedback circuit SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th SPIE Conference on Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Image Processing CY JAN, 2003 CL Santa Clara, CA SP SPIE ID NEURAL-NETWORK; CLASSIFICATION; MEMORY AB Image segmentation is a key element in processing image data, Done properly, image segmentation can both enhance the quality of subsequent processing and enable other higher-level processing to generate useful information. Image segmentation that clearly separates objects, from the background can improve the accuracy of the recognition of the object Isolating important objects within an image requires techniques that divide pixels into object or background information. (C) 2007 SPIE and IS&T.A technique adopted from the neural network field is presented for performing image segmentation based on the winner-take-all (WTA) scheme implemented with an optoelectronic architecture. This combination allows the parallel nature of optics and the computational strengths of electronics to model a fast and efficient image segmentation system. A model of an architecture for a large array of optoelectronic feedback circuits that can be realized using new technology to perform image segmentation using the WTA scheme is proposed. The architecture is modeled optoelectronically as an interferometer with a simple non-linearity for the control unit. Results from numerical analysis and simulations show the model can generate WTA behavior Results from simulations are shown with sample images used to test the model's ability to perform segmentation. (C) 2007 SPIE and IS&T. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Howard Univ, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Raglin, AJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM raglin@arl.army.mil; mc@scs.howard.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IS&T & SPIE PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1017-9909 EI 1560-229X J9 J ELECTRON IMAGING JI J. Electron. Imaging PD APR-JUN PY 2007 VL 16 IS 2 AR 023004 DI 10.1117/1.2743289 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 228OQ UT WOS:000250739700005 ER PT J AU Bishop, SM Reynolds, CL Liliental-Weber, Z Uprety, Y Zhu, J Wang, D Park, M Molstad, JC Barnhardt, DE Shrivastava, A Sudarshan, TS Davis, RF AF Bishop, S. M. Reynolds, C. L., Jr. Liliental-Weber, Z. Uprety, Y. Zhu, J. Wang, D. Park, M. Molstad, J. C. Barnhardt, D. E. Shrivastava, A. Sudarshan, T. S. Davis, R. F. TI Polytype stability and microstructural characterization of silicon carbide epitaxial films grown on [11(2)over bar0]- and [0001]-oriented silicon carbide substrates SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Electronic Materials Conference (EMC) CY JUN, 2006 CL Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA HO Penn State Univ DE silicon carbide (SiC); chemical vapor deposition (CVD); polytype replication; x-ray diffraction (XRD); cathodoluminescence (CL); Raman spectroscopy; transmission electron microscopy (TEM); atomic force microscopy (AFM) ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; RAMAN-SCATTERING CHARACTERIZATION; STEP-CONTROLLED EPITAXY; 4H-SIC SINGLE-CRYSTALS; 11(2)OVER-BAR-0 DIRECTIONS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; SIC POLYTYPES; POWER DEVICES; LAYERS; 6H AB The polytype and surface and defect microstructure of epitaxial layers grown on 4H(1120), 4H(0001) on-axis, 4H(0001) 8 degrees off-axis, and 6H(0001) on-axis substrates have been investigated. High-resolution x-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the epitaxial layers on 4H(1120) and 4H(0001) 80 off-axis to have the 4H-SiC (silicon carbide) polytype, while the 3C-SiC polytype was identified for epitaxial layers on 4H(0001) and 6H(0001) on-axis substrates. Cathodoluminescence (CL), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed these results. The epitaxial surface of 4H(1120) films was specular with a roughness of 0.16-nm root-mean-square (RMS), in contrast to the surfaces of the other epitaxial layer-substrate orientations, which contained curvilinear boundaries, growth pits (similar to 3 x 104 cm(-2)), triangular defects >100 mu m, and significant step bunching. Molten KOH etching revealed large defect densities within 4H(1120) films that decreased with film thickness to similar to 10(6) cm(-2) at 2.5 mu m, while cross-sectional TEM studies showed areas free of defects and an indistinguishable film-substrate interface for 4H(1120) epitaxial layers. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Lab Nanophoton, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. Maxion Technol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Bishop, SM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM seann_bishop@ncsu.edu RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Uprety, Youaraj/C-8104-2015; Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Uprety, Youaraj/0000-0001-9101-2063; Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 63 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 4 BP 285 EP 296 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0076-2 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 173GN UT WOS:000246861600005 ER PT J AU Sundaresan, SG Rao, MV Tian, YL Schreifels, JA Wood, MC Jones, KA Davydov, AV AF Sundaresan, Siddarth G. Rao, Mulpuri V. Tian, Yonglai Schreifels, John A. Wood, Mark C. Jones, Kenneth A. Davydov, Albert V. TI Comparison of solid-state microwave annealing with conventional furnace annealing of ion-implanted SiC SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Electronic Materials Conference (EMC) CY JUN, 2006 CL Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA HO Penn State Univ DE implantation; solid-state microwave annealing; silicon carbide ID SILICON-CARBIDE; ELECTRICAL ACTIVATION; DEVICE APPLICATIONS; ALUMINUM; PHOSPHORUS; FABRICATION; OXIDATION; NITROGEN; BORON; 4H AB Rapid solid-state microwave annealing was performed. for the first time on N+-, Al+-, and B+-implanted SiC, and the results were compared with the conventional furnace annealing. For microwave annealing, temperatures up to 2,000 degrees C were attained with heating rates exceeding 600 degrees C/s. An 1,850 degrees C/35 s microwave anneal yielded a root-mean-square (RMS) surface roughness of 2 nm, which is lower than the 6 nm obtained for 1,500 degrees C/15 min conventional furnace annealing. For the Al implants, a minimum room-temperature sheet resistance (R-s) of 7 k Omega/square was measured upon microwave annealing. For the microwave annealing, Rutherford backscattering (RBS) measurements indicated a better structural quality, and secondary-ion-mass-spectrometry (SIMS) boron implant depth profiles showed reduced boron redistribution compared to the corresponding results of the furnace annealing. C1 George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. LT Technol, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Rao, MV (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM rmulpuri@gmu.edu RI Davydov, Albert/F-7773-2010 OI Davydov, Albert/0000-0003-4512-2311 NR 29 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 4 BP 324 EP 331 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0032-1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 173GN UT WOS:000246861600010 ER PT J AU Hite, JK Frazier, RM Davies, RP Thaler, 'T Abernathy, CR Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM Brown, E Hommerich, U AF Hite, J. K. Frazier, R. M. Davies, R. P. Thaler, G. T. Abernathy, C. R. Pearton, S. J. Zavada, J. M. Brown, E. Hommerich, U. TI Effect of SiCo doping on ferromagnetic properties of GaGdN SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE GaN; spintronics; AlN ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SEMICONDUCTORS; FILMS; GAN; SPINTRONICS; GAMNN; MAGNETOTRANSPORT; ELECTRONICS AB Single-phase GaGdN and GaGdN:Si films were grown on sapphire substrates by gas source molecular beam epitaxy using solid Gd, Ga, and Si sources and active nitrogen derived from a RF nitrogen plasma source. The undoped films were highly resistive films but became conductive with the addition of Si. Superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry indicated room-temperature ferromagnetism in both types of materials. Structural defects had a strong influence on the magnetic ordering of the material, as seen in a drastic reduction of magnetic moment with degrading crystalline quality. Magnetization of the codoped film increased with Si content, reaching levels higher than that of the undoped material. The Gd-doped AIN films grown in a similar fashion also displayed Curie temperatures above room temperature. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. RP Hite, JK (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Hite, Jennifer/L-5637-2015 OI Hite, Jennifer/0000-0002-4090-0826 NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 4 BP 391 EP 396 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0040-1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 173GN UT WOS:000246861600020 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Norton, DP Ivill, MP Hebard, AF Zavada, JM Chen, WM Buyanova, IA AF Pearton, S. J. Norton, D. P. Ivill, M. P. Hebard, A. F. Zavada, J. M. Chen, W. M. Buyanova, I. A. TI Ferromagnetism in transition-metal doped ZnO SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Review DE zinc oxide; spintronics; transition metals (TMs) ID DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; THIN-FILMS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MATERIALS DESIGN; SPIN INJECTION; ZINC-OXIDE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB ZnO is an attractive candidate for spintronics studies because of its potential for exhibiting high Curie temperatures and the relative lack of ferromagnetic second phases in the material. In this paper, we review experimental results on transition-metal (TM) doping of ZnO and the current state of theories for ferromagnetism. It is important to re-examine some of the earlier concepts for spintronics devices, such as the spin field-effect transistor, to account for the presence of the strong magnetic field that has deleterious effects. In some of these cases, the spin device appears to have no advantage relative to the conventional charge-control electronic analog. We have been unable to detect optical spin polarization in ZnO. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys & Measurement Technol, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Chen, Weimin/J-4660-2012; Buyanova, Irina/A-8924-2015 OI Chen, Weimin/0000-0002-6405-9509; Buyanova, Irina/0000-0001-7155-7103 NR 101 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 EI 1543-186X J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 4 BP 462 EP 471 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0034-z PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 173GN UT WOS:000246861600033 ER PT J AU Rodondi, N Auer, R Devine, P Omalley, P Hayoz, D Cornuz, J AF Rodondi, N. Auer, R. Devine, P. Omalley, P. Hayoz, D. Cornuz, J. TI The impact of carotid plaque screening on motivation for smoking cessation and knowledge retention about atherosclerosis SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 25-28, 2007 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 [Rodondi, N.; Auer, R.; Hayoz, D.; Cornuz, J.] Univ Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Devine, P.; Omalley, P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 22 SU 1 BP 111 EP 111 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 240TQ UT WOS:000251610700378 ER PT J AU Jackson, JL Sessums, L AF Jackson, Jeffrey L. Sessums, Laura TI Dying on the streets SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HOMELESS; CARE; MORTALITY; EMERGENCY C1 Med EDP, Gen Med Div, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20005 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Med EDP, Gen Med Div, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM jejackson@usuhs.mil NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 22 IS 4 BP 554 EP 555 DI 10.1007/s11606-007-0145-0 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 148WJ UT WOS:000245107800023 PM 17372810 ER PT J AU Huang, J Ferriter, MS Alarcon, JB Mikszta, JA Evans, M D'Souza, A Ford, B Stewart, T Amemiya, K Ulrich, RG Sullivan, VJ AF Huang, Joanne Ferriter, Matthew S. Alarcon, Jason B. Mikszta, John A. Evans, Michelle D'Souza, Ajit Ford, Brandi Stewart, Todd Amemiya, Kei Ulrich, Robert G. Sullivan, Vince J. TI Dry powder formulations of plague F1-V vaccine provide protective immunity in mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Huang, Joanne] BD Technol, Adv Drug Delivery, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ferriter, Matthew S.; Alarcon, Jason B.; Mikszta, John A.; D'Souza, Ajit; Ford, Brandi; Stewart, Todd; Sullivan, Vince J.] BD Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Evans, Michelle] Talecris Biotherapeut, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Amemiya, Kei; Ulrich, Robert G.] US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 178 SU 1 MA B195 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44OL UT WOS:000209758203315 ER PT J AU Jobe, OJ Donofrio, G Schwenk, R Williams, J Krzych, U AF Jobe, Ousman. Jobe Donofrio, Gina Schwenk, Robert Williams, Jackie Krzych, Urszula TI IL-12-producing CD11c+NK1.1-DC predominate in the liver during protective immunity induced with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium berghei sporozoites SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jobe, Ousman. Jobe; Donofrio, Gina; Schwenk, Robert; Williams, Jackie; Krzych, Urszula] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 178 SU 1 MA 36.15 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44OL UT WOS:000209758202262 ER PT J AU Moratz, CM Egan, R Zacharia, A Tsokos, G AF Moratz, Chantal M. Egan, Ryan Zacharia, Athina Tsokos, George TI Blockage of of Gi linked G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling reduces local and inhibits systemic tissue injury in the mesenteric IR model SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Moratz, Chantal M.; Zacharia, Athina] Uniform Serv Univ, Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Egan, Ryan; Tsokos, George] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 178 SU 1 MA B74 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44OL UT WOS:000209758200176 ER PT J AU Saikh, KU Kissner, TL Nystrom, S Ruthel, G Ulrich, RG AF Saikh, Kamal Uddin Kissner, Teri L. Nystrom, Steven Ruthel, Gordon Ulrich, Robert G. TI Interleukin-15 increases vaccine efficacy through a mechanism linked to dendritic cell maturation and enhanced antibody titers SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Saikh, Kamal Uddin; Kissner, Teri L.; Nystrom, Steven; Ruthel, Gordon; Ulrich, Robert G.] US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 178 SU 1 MA 47.16 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44OL UT WOS:000209758203324 ER PT J AU Kalayanarooj, S Gibbons, RV Vaughn, D Green, S Nisalak, A Jarman, RG Mammen, MP Perng, GC AF Kalayanarooj, Siripen Gibbons, Robert V. Vaughn, David Green, Sharone Nisalak, Ananda Jarman, Richard G. Mammen, Mammen P., Jr. Perng, Guey-Chuen TI Blood group AB is associated with increased risk for severe dengue disease in secondary infections SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 11-16, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg AB Why certain individuals progress to severe dengue disease is unknown. In this study, blood groups associated with dengue disease were investigated. ABO phenotypes were identified by use of serum from 399 patients with dengue-virus infection who participated in a cohort study. ABO blood-group frequencies were similar in primary versus secondary dengue-virus infections. However, in secondary infection, individuals with blood group AB were likely to have dengue hemorrhagic fever grade 3 than either grades 1 and 2 combined (corrected P value, < .0001; odds ratio, 0.097 [95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.33]) or dengue fever (corrected P value, < .0001; odds ratio, 0.119 [95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.37]). To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating an association between ABO blood group and the severity of dengue disease. C1 USAMC, AFRIMS, Dept Virol, APO, AP 96546 USA. USAMC, AFRIMS, Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, APO, AP 96546 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine, Worcester, MA USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Trop Med Med Microbiol & Pharmacol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Perng, GC (reprint author), USAMC, AFRIMS, Dept Virol, APO, AP 96546 USA. EM pernggc@afrims.org OI Perng, Oscar/0000-0001-7510-4486 FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI1034533] NR 15 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 195 IS 7 BP 1014 EP 1017 DI 10.1086/512244 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 143KZ UT WOS:000244721700015 PM 17330792 ER PT J AU Hsu, S Borke, J Walsh, DS Wood, J Qin, H Winger, J Pearl, H Schuster, G Bollag, WB AF Hsu, S. Borke, J. Walsh, D. S. Wood, J. Qin, H. Winger, J. Pearl, H. Schuster, G. Bollag, W. B. TI Green tea polyphenols reduced psoriasiform lesions in a mouse model for human psoriasis in association with caspase 14 activation SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 68th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Investigative-Dermatology CY MAY 09-12, 2007 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Soc Investigat Dermatol C1 Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 127 SU 1 MA 47 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 152UP UT WOS:000245387800046 ER PT J AU Shoenberger, JE DeMoss, TA AF Shoenberger, James Edwin DeMoss, Tere A. TI Material properties of coal-tar emulsion sealers SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE coal tar; emulsions; asphalt pavements; field tests; laboratory tests; creep; tensile strength; material properties; polymers AB Coal-tar emulsion sealers are used to protect hot-mix asphalt pavements from damage due to the spillage of petroleum-based materials. This paper contains the results of a study, which has field tests and laboratory tests, concerning the effect of various amounts of aggregate, temperature variations, a polymer additive, and aging on the material properties of coal-tar emulsion mixtures. The material properties tests included thermal expansion, creep stiffness test, and by measuring tensile strength, the stress-strain relationships. The study results indicate that the thermal expansion of the mixtures increased with increasing amounts of coal-tar emulsion; however, this effect was slightly reduced with the addition of a polymer additive. Creep stiffness values increased with age and increasing amounts of aggregate in the mixture. The results of the stress-strain evaluation were not consistent. Increased amounts of aggregate, lower temperatures, and decreased amounts of polymer generally resulted in greater stress levels being achieved prior to failure. C1 USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Shoenberger, JE (reprint author), USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0899-1561 J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng. PD APR PY 2007 VL 19 IS 4 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2007)19:4(305) PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 150ET UT WOS:000245199100004 ER PT J AU Hinds, SB Raimond, S Purcell, BK AF Hinds, Sarah Bro Raimond, Susan Purcell, Bret K. TI The effect of harp music on heart rate, mean blood pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature in the African green monkey SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular; Chlorocebus aethiops; cytocymatics; environmental enrichment; relaxation; stereotypies; stress; telemetry ID ANXIETY; INTERVENTION; COLONOSCOPY; RELAXATION; THERAPY; STRESS AB Background The effectiveness of recorded harp music as a tool for relaxation for non-human primates is explored in this study. Methods Konigsberg Instruments Model T27F-113 cardiovascular telemetry devices were implanted into nine African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops). After post-surgical recovery, animals were exposed to recorded harp music. Telemetry data were collected on heart rate, mean blood pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature for a 30-minute baseline period before music exposure; a 90-minute period of music exposure; and a 90-minute post-exposure period, where no music was played. Results No statistical differences were noted in heart rate, mean blood pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature between pre-exposure, exposure, and post-exposure periods. Conclusions The lack of response in these African green monkeys may be attributable to their generally calm demeanor in captivity; experiments with a more excitable species such as the rhesus macaque might demonstrate a significant relaxation response to music. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21703 USA. Pet Pause, Pine Valley, CA USA. RP Hinds, SB (reprint author), 495 Sulky Lane, Frederick, MD 21703 USA. EM Sarah.Hinds@det.amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 7 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 23 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 2 BP 95 EP 100 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2006.00157.x PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 154YY UT WOS:000245545900004 PM 17493139 ER PT J AU Epstein, RM AF Epstein, Robert M. TI Napoleon's finest: Davout and his 3rd Corps. Combat Journal of Operations, 1805-1807. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 Sch Adv Mil Studies, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Epstein, RM (reprint author), Sch Adv Mil Studies, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2007 VL 71 IS 2 BP 526 EP 527 DI 10.1353/jmh.2007.0108 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 156IT UT WOS:000245642000020 ER PT J AU Corum, JS AF Corum, James S. TI German disarmament after World War I: The diplomacy of international arms inspection, 1920-1931. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Corum, JS (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 EI 1543-7795 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2007 VL 71 IS 2 BP 551 EP 552 DI 10.1353/jmh.2007.0103 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 156IT UT WOS:000245642000041 ER PT J AU Bielakowski, AM AF Bielakowski, Alexander M. TI Through mobility we conquer: The mechanization of US cavalry. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Bielakowski, AM (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2007 VL 71 IS 2 BP 552 EP 553 DI 10.1353/jmh.2007.0092 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 156IT UT WOS:000245642000042 ER PT J AU Willbanks, JH AF Willbanks, James H. TI War in the central highlands of Vietnam, 1968-1970: An historian's experience. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Willbanks, JH (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2007 VL 71 IS 2 BP 595 EP 596 DI 10.1353/jmh.2007.0168 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 156IT UT WOS:000245642000071 ER PT J AU Kautt, W AF Kautt, William TI The norms of war: Cultural beliefs and modent conflict. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Kautt, W (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2007 VL 71 IS 2 BP 602 EP 603 DI 10.1353/jmh.2007.0130 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 156IT UT WOS:000245642000076 ER PT J AU Chen, ICA Park, SW Karaalioglu, C Martini, R Meshal, A AF Chen, I-Chun Anderson Park, Seong-Wook Karaalioglu, Canan Martini, Rainer Meshal, Azza TI High-efficiency silicon THz modulator using optically injected carriers SO JOURNAL OF NANOELECTRONICS AND OPTOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE THz; modulator; CW; optical; carriers; Drude-Lorentz; silicon ID DOPED SILICON; TERAHERTZ AB A highly efficient and simply realizable method for broadband THz transmission modulation is demonstrated for pulsed THz TDS system using an optically switched B-doped silicon modulator. With 45 mW of absorbed 800 nm CW light, a maximum of 20.5 dB THz attenuation was achieved, with the technically important 3 dB loss reached at only 5 mW. These results show good agreement with the Drude-Lorentz model, whereby allowing the extraction of optically injected carrier damping rates, depicting a linear dependency of collision frequency on optically excited carrier density. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, US Army RDECOM, AMSRD CER ST DN SN Fort Monmouth, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Chen, ICA (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, 1 Castle Pt Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RI Martini, Rainer/B-2456-2012 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1555-130X J9 J NANOELECTRON OPTOE JI J. Nanoelectron. Optoelectron. PD APR PY 2007 VL 2 IS 1 BP 96 EP 100 DI 10.1166/jno.2007.009 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 191EJ UT WOS:000248112700010 ER PT J AU Baskaran, D Sakellariou, G Mays, JW Bratcher, MS AF Baskaran, Durairaj Sakellariou, Georgios Mays, Jimmy W. Bratcher, Matthew S. TI Grafting reactions of living macroanions with multi-walled carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE multi-walled carbon nanotubes; grafting; anionic polymerization; covalent functionalization ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION; ANIONIC-POLYMERIZATION; NONCOVALENT; POLYMERS; SOLUBILIZATION; POLYSTYRENE; COMPOSITES AB Grafting reactions of living polystyryllithium (PSLi) with acid chloride containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs-COCl) were performed under vacuum in benzene at room temperature. Covalent grafting of polystyrene (PS) was characterized using spectroscopic, microscopic, and thermogravimetric analyses. Grafting at different ratios of macroanion to acylchloride of the carbon nanotubes showed that the grafting efficiency was not dependent on the concentration of the macroanions. The mole percent of PS present in the MWNTs-g-PS samples was inversely proportional to the precursor molecular weight of PSLi. Direct reactions of PSLi, polybutadienyllithium and n-butyllithium with pristine MWNTs without any functional groups were also performed in the presence and in the absence of tetrahydrofuran in benzene. The grafting reactions of living macroanions either with MWNTs-COCl or with pristine MWNTs indicated a partial grafting of polymer on the carbon nanotubes in benzene at room temperature. C1 Natl Chem Lab, Polymer Sci & Engn Div, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Baskaran, D (reprint author), Natl Chem Lab, Polymer Sci & Engn Div, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. RI Durairaj, Baskaran/C-3692-2009; Sakellariou, Georgios/B-1752-2014 OI Durairaj, Baskaran/0000-0002-6886-5604; NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1533-4880 J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. PD APR-MAY PY 2007 VL 7 IS 4-5 BP 1560 EP 1567 DI 10.1166/jnn.2007.459 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 149JC UT WOS:000245142200047 PM 17450926 ER PT J AU Lang, J Thomas, JL Bliese, PD Adler, AB AF Lang, Jessica Thomas, Jeffrey L. Bliese, Paul D. Adler, Amy B. TI Job demands and job performance: The mediating effect of psychological and physical strain and the moderating effect of role clarity SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE demands-strain relationship; job performance; military; random coefficient modeling; role clarity ID ROLE AMBIGUITY; ROLE-CONFLICT; STRESS; MODEL; SATISFACTION; BURNOUT AB The aims of the present study were twofold: First, in differentiating between specific job characteristics, the authors examined the moderating influence of role clarity on the relationship between job demands and psychological and physical strain. Second, in providing a more comprehensive link between job demands and job performance, the authors examined strain as a mediator of that relationship. Participants were 1,418 Army cadets attending a 35-day assessment center. Survey data were collected on Day 26 of the assessment center and performance ratings were assessed throughout the assessment center period by expert evaluators. Role clarity was found to moderate the job demands-strain relationship. Specifically, cadets experiencing high demands reported less physical and psychological strain when they reported high role clarity. Moreover, psychological strain significantly mediated the demands-performance relationship. Implications are discussed from theoretical and applied perspectives. C1 USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Lang, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany. EM jessica.lang@psycube.de RI Lang, Jessica/I-2388-2014 OI Lang, Jessica/0000-0001-7802-8546 NR 42 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1076-8998 J9 J OCCUP HEALTH PSYCH JI J. Occup. Health Psychol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 12 IS 2 BP 116 EP 124 DI 10.1037/1076-8998.12.2.116 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Applied SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology GA 160AD UT WOS:000245908300003 PM 17469994 ER PT J AU Gateno, J Xia, JJ Teichgraeber, JF Christensen, AM Lemoine, JJ Liebschner, MAK Gliddon, MJ Briggs, ME AF Gateno, Jaime Xia, James J. Teichgraeber, John F. Christensen, Andrew M. Lemoine, Jeremy J. Liebschner, Michael A. K. Gliddon, Michael J. Briggs, Michaelanne E. TI Clinical feasibility of computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) in the treatment of complex craniomaxillofacial deformities SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article ID DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS; PREDICTION; ACCURACY; MODEL AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish clinical feasibility of our 3-dimensional computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) for complex craniomaxillofacial surgery. Materials and Methods: Five consecutive patients with complex craniomaxillofacial deformities, including hemifacial microsomia, defects after tumor ablation, and deformity after TMJ reconstruction, were used. The patients' surgical interventions were planned by using the authors' CASS planning method. Computed tomography (CT) was initially obtained. The first step of the planning process was to create a composite skull model, which reproduces both the bony structures and the dentition with a high degree of accuracy. The second step was to quantify the deformity. The third step was to simulate the entire surgery in the computer. The maxillary osteotomy was usually completed first, followed by mandibular and chin surgeries. The shape and size of the bone graft, if needed, was also simulated. If the simulated outcomes were not satisfactory, the surgical plan could be modified and simulation could be started over. The final step was to create surgical splints. Using the authors' computer-aided designing/manufacturing techniques, the surgical splints and templates were designed in the computer and fabricated by a stereolithographic apparatus. To minimize the potential risks to the patients, the surgeries were also planned following the current planning methods, and acrylic surgical splints were created as a backup plan. Results: All 5 patients were successfully planned using our CASS planning method. The computer-generated surgical splints were successfully used on all patients at the time of the surgery. The backup acrylic surgical splints and plans were never used. Six-week postoperative CT scans showed the surgical plans were precisely reproduced in the operating room and the deformities were corrected as planned. Conclusion: The results of this study have shown the clinical feasibility of our CASS planning method. Using our CASS method, we were able to treat patients with significant asymmetries in a single operation that in the past was usually completed in 2 stages. We were also able to simulate different surgical procedures to create the appropriate plan. The computerized surgical plan was then transferred to the patient in the operating room using computer-generated surgical splints. (C) 2007 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. C1 Methodist Hosp, Res Inst, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Surg Planning Lab, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Clin Surg Oral & Maxillofacial, New York, NY USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Pediat Plast Surg,Sch Med, Houston, TX USA. Texas Cleft & Craniofacial Team, Houston, TX USA. Med Modeling LLC, Golden, CO USA. Rice Univ, Dept Bioengn, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Ft Sill, OK USA. USA Dent Corp, Ft Sill, OK USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dent Branch, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Houston, TX 77225 USA. RP Xia, JJ (reprint author), 6560 Fannin St,Suite 1228, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM JXia@tmh.tmc.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR002558]; NIDCR NIH HHS [1 R41 DE016171-01, 5 T32 DE015355-01] NR 18 TC 99 Z9 108 U1 2 U2 17 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD APR PY 2007 VL 65 IS 4 BP 728 EP 734 DI 10.1016/j.joms.2006.04.001 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 152TT UT WOS:000245385500021 PM 17368370 ER PT J AU Deyle, GD Nagel, KL AF Deyle, Gail D. Nagel, Kathryn L. TI Prolonged immobilization in abduction and neutral rotation for a first-episode anterior shoulder dislocation SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE Bankart lesion; glenohumeral joint; shoulder instability ID GLENOID LABRAL TEARS; ARTHROSCOPIC STABILIZATION; NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT; IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME; INSTABILITY; TESTS; JOINT; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; LESION AB STUDY DESIGN: Case report. BACKGROUND: Patients who sustain first-episode anterior glenohumeral dislocations are at risk to develop chronic glenohumeral instability. Current treatment options after an initial anterior glenohumeral dislocation include immediate surgery, delayed surgery, or conservative interventions such as immobilization and strengthening exercises. Duration of immobilization is variable among formal studies. Recent research suggests that typical immobilization positions may not allow adequate healing and in fact may promote glenohumeral joint instability. CASE DESCRIPTION: The patient was a 19-year-old male who sustained a first-episode anterior glenohumeral dislocation during athletic activity. Physical therapy management included a longer-than-typical period of immobilization and protected activity to allow for more complete healing. The shoulder abduction and neutral rotation immobilization position used with this patient may increase healing of structures that influence stability of the shoulder. OUTCOMES: At 13 weeks after the dislocation, the patient had full active and passive range of motion, near normal strength, and no complaints of pain or instability. At a 20-month follow-up the patient had resumed full activities of daily living including recreational sports without symptoms of instability. DISCUSSION: Conservative intervention options for first-episode anterior shoulder dislocations need further study. Immobilization and protected activity periods should be adequate to allow for complete healing. The optimal positions for immobilization should be determined and implemented. C1 Rocky Mt Univ Hlth Profess, tDPT Program, Provo, UT USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Postprofesss Doctoral Program Orthoped & Manual P, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Deyle, GD (reprint author), 3 Sherborne Wood, San Antonio, TX 78218 USA. EM gdeyle@satx.rr.com NR 43 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD APR PY 2007 VL 37 IS 4 BP 192 EP 198 DI 10.2519/jospt.20072393 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 157MQ UT WOS:000245724600007 PM 17469672 ER PT J AU Owens, BD Kragh, JF Macaitis, J Svoboda, SJ Wenke, JC AF Owens, Brett D. Kragh, John F., Jr. Macaitis, Joseph Svoboda, Steven J. Wenke, Joseph C. TI Characterization of extremity wounds in operation Iraqi freedom and operation enduring freedom SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE combat; wounds; battle; extremity; fractures ID COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; UNITED-STATES; SURGICAL-TEAM; ORTHOPEDIC INJURIES; EXPERIENCE; ARMY; AFGHANISTAN; CONFLICTS AB Objectives: Extremity wounds and fractures traditionally comprise the majority of traumatic injuries in US armed conflicts. Little has been published regarding the extremity wounding patterns and fracture distribution in the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. The intent of this study was to describe the distribution of extremity fractures during this current conflict. Design: Descriptive epidemiologic study. Methods: The Joint Theater Trauma Registry was queried for all US service members receiving treatment for wounds (ICD-9 codes 800960) sustained in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) from October 2001 through January 2005. Returned-to-duty and nonbattle injuries were excluded. Wounds were classified according to region and type. Extremity wounds were analyzed in detail and compared to published results from previous conflicts. Results: A total of 1281 soldiers sustained 3575 extremity combat wounds. Fifty-three percent of these were penetrating soft-tissue wounds and 26% were fractures. Of the 915 fractures, 758 (82%) were open fractures. The 915 fractures were evenly distributed between the upper (461, 50%) and lower extremities (454, 50%). The most common fracture in the upper extremity was in the hand (36%) and in the lower extremity was the tibia and fibula (48%). Explosive munitions accounted for 75% of the mechanisms of injury. Conclusions: The burden of wounds sustained in OIF/OEF is extremity injuries, specifically soft-tissue wounds and fractures. These results are similar to the reported casualties from previous wars. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Owens, BD (reprint author), Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM b.owens@us.army.mil NR 25 TC 240 Z9 244 U1 3 U2 17 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-5339 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 4 BP 254 EP 257 DI 10.1097/BOT.0b013e31802f78fb PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 157PU UT WOS:000245733300006 PM 17414553 ER PT J AU Kragh, JF Baer, DG Walters, TJ AF Kragh, John F., Jr. Baer, David G. Walters, Thomas J. TI Extended (16-hour) tourniquet application after combat wounds: A case report and review of the current literature SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA LA English DT Review DE tourniquet; ischemia; reperfusion; gunshot wounds ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; INFLATION PRESSURES; HEMORRHAGE CONTROL; LOCAL HYPOTHERMIA; CASUALTY CARE; COLD ISCHEMIA; BATTLEFIELD; REPERFUSION; EXPERIENCE AB We present a case of emergency tourniquet use of unusually long duration. The patient was wounded during combat operations, and the subsequent battle and evacuation caused a significant delay in surgical treatment of his wounds. Emergency tourniquets can be lifesaving, but are not benign interventions. In general, the extent of tourniquet injury increases with increasing time of application. Despite having a tourniquet in place for 16 hours, the limb was salvaged and significant functional recovery was accomplished. We conducted a search of the published literature including the Medline database, and present a review of the relevant articles concerning emergency tourniquet use, tourniquet injury, and mitigating treatments. Given the widespread use of tourniquets in ongoing military operations, it seems likely that tourniquets will transition to civilian use. Thus it is important for physicians to understand tourniquet injury and appreciate that even extended tourniquet application times does not necessarily doom the affected limb. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Bone & Soft Tissue Trauma Res Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kragh, JF (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Bone & Soft Tissue Trauma Res Program, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Room 292-1,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.kragh@amedd.army.mil NR 74 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0890-5339 J9 J ORTHOP TRAUMA JI J. Orthop. Trauma PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 4 BP 274 EP 278 DI 10.1097/BOT.0b013e3180437dd9 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 157PU UT WOS:000245733300009 PM 17414556 ER PT J AU R-Focht, D AF Focht, Dean R. TI Pediatric use of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID CONSTIPATION; CHILDREN C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP R-Focht, D (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD APR PY 2007 VL 150 IS 4 BP 417 EP 417 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.10.016 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 154VJ UT WOS:000245535600022 ER PT J AU Minsavage, GD Dillman, JF AF Minsavage, Gary D. Dillman, James F., III TI Bifunctional alkylating agent-induced p53 and nonclassical nuclear factor kappa B responses and cell death are altered by caffeic acid phenethyl ester: A potential role for antioxidant/electrophilic response-element signaling SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; HUMAN EPIDERMAL-KERATINOCYTES; RIBOSOMAL S6 KINASE; SULFUR MUSTARD; DNA-DAMAGE; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; NITROGEN-MUSTARD; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; CYTO-TOXICITY AB Bifunctional alkylating agents (BFA) such as mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard) and bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (sulfur mustard; SM) covalently modify DNA and protein. The roles of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) and p53, transcription factors involved in inflammatory and cell death signaling, were examined in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes, a p53- mutated cell line, to delineate molecular mechanisms of action of BFA. NHEK and HaCaT cells exhibited classical NF-kappa B signaling as degradation of inhibitor protein of NF-kappa B alpha (I kappa B alpha) occurred within 5 min after exposure to tumor necrosis factor-alpha. However, exposure to BFA induced nonclassical NF-kappa B signaling as loss of I kappa B alpha was not observed until 2 or 6 h in NHEK or HaCaT cells, respectively. Exposure of an NF-kappa B reporter gene-expressing HaCaT cell line to 12.5, 50, or 100 mu M SM activated the reporter gene within 9 h. Pretreatment with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a known inhibitor of NF-kappa B signaling, significantly decreased BFA-induced reporter gene activity. A 1.5-h pretreatment or 30-min postexposure treatment with CAPE prevented BFA-induced loss of membrane integrity by 24 h in HaCaT cells but not in NHEK. CAPE disrupted BFA-induced phosphorylation of p53 and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (p90RSK) in both cell lines. CAPE also increased nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 and decreased aryl hydrocarbon receptor protein expression, both of which are involved in antioxidant/electrophilic response element (ARE/EpRE) signaling. Thus, disruption of p53/p90RSK-mediated NF-kappa B signaling and activation of ARE/EpRE pathways may be effective strategies to delineate mechanisms of action of BFA-induced inflammation and cell death signaling in immortalized versus normal skin systems. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Dillman, JF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.dillman@us.army.mil NR 49 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD APR PY 2007 VL 321 IS 1 BP 202 EP 212 DI 10.1124/jpet.106.116145 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 147FU UT WOS:000244989600023 PM 17204746 ER PT J AU Ardhuin, F Herbers, THC van Vledder, GP Watts, KP Jensen, R Graber, HC AF Ardhuin, Fabrice Herbers, T. H. C. van Vledder, Gerbrant Ph. Watts, Kristen P. Jensen, R. Graber, Hans C. TI Swell and slanting-fetch effects on wind wave growth SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID LINEAR ENERGY-TRANSFER; SURFACE GRAVITY-WAVES; GENERATED WAVES; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; DIRECTIONAL DISTRIBUTION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SPECTRAL FORM; OCEAN; DISSIPATION; MODEL AB Wind-sea generation was observed during two experiments off the coast of North Carolina. One event with offshore winds of 9-11 m s(-1) directed 20 degrees from shore normal was observed with eight directional stations recording simultaneously and spanning a fetch from 4 to 83 km. An opposing swell of 1-m height and 10-s period was also present. The wind-sea part of the wave spectrum conforms to established growth curves for significant wave height and peak period, except at inner-shelf stations where a large alongshore wind-sea component was observed. At these short fetches, the mean wave direction theta(m) was observed to change abruptly across the wind-sea spectral peak, from alongshore at lower frequencies to downwind at higher frequencies. Waves from another event with offshore winds of 6-14 in s(-1) directed 20 degrees-30 degrees from shore normal were observed with two instrument arrays. A significant amount of low-frequency wave energy was observed to propagate alongshore from the region where the wind was strongest. These measurements are used to assess the performance of some widely used parameterizations in wave models. The modeled transition of theta(m) across the wind-sea spectrum is smoother than that in the observations and is reproduced very differently by different parameterizations, giving insights into the appropriate level of dissipation. Calculations with the full Boltzmann integral of quartet wave-wave interactions reveal that the discrete interaction approximation parameterization for these interactions is reasonably accurate at the peak of the wind sea but overpredicts the directional spread at high frequencies. This error is well compensated by parameterizations of the wind input source term that have a narrow directional distribution. Observations also highlight deficiencies in some parameterizations of wave dissipation processes in mixed swell-wind-sea conditions. C1 Ctr Mil Oceanog, Serv Hydrog & Oceanog Marine, F-29609 Brest, France. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA USA. Alkyon Hydraul Consultancy & Res, Emmeloord, Netherlands. USA, Corps Engineers, Erdc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Appl Marine Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Ardhuin, F (reprint author), Ctr Mil Oceanog, Serv Hydrog & Oceanog Marine, F-29609 Brest, France. EM ardhuin@shom.fr RI Ardhuin, Fabrice/A-1364-2011 OI Ardhuin, Fabrice/0000-0002-9309-9681 NR 85 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD APR PY 2007 VL 37 IS 4 BP 908 EP 931 DI 10.1175/JPO3039.1 PG 24 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 163HS UT WOS:000246151300008 ER PT J AU Burka, JM Bower, KS VanRoekel, RC Stutzman, RD Kuzmowych, CP AF Burka, Jenna M. Bower, Kraig S. VanRoekel, R. Cameron Stutzman, Richard D. Kuzmowych, Chrystyna P. TI The effect of moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin on long-term visual outcomes following photorefractive keratectomy SO JOURNAL OF REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID 4TH-GENERATION FLUOROQUINOLONES; SURGERY; LASER AB PURPOSE: To compare the effect of gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin on visual outcomes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS: Thirty-five PRK patients were treated postoperatively with gatifloxacin (Zymar) in one eye and moxifloxacin (Vigamox) in the fellow eye. Postoperative regimens were otherwise identical. In a previous study (initial phase), we evaluated epithelial healing. In this study (second phase), we compared uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest spherical equivalent (MSE), and corneal haze at 6 months postoperatively for 32 patients using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was noted between eyes treated with Zymar and Vigamox in terms of UCVA, BSCVA, MSE, or corneal haze at 6 months postoperatively. Two (6%) Vigamox-treated eyes versus 0 (0%) Zymar-treated eyes lost one line of BSCVA from preoperative examination. Median UCVA and MSE were equivalent for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: At 6 months after PRK, there was no significant difference in visual outcomes with either antibiotic. C1 Georgetown Univ, Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Burka, JM (reprint author), 922 24th St NW,612, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM burkaj@georgetown.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-597X J9 J REFRACT SURG JI J. Refractive Surg. PD APR PY 2007 VL 23 IS 4 BP 414 EP 417 PG 4 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 159ZG UT WOS:000245905900017 PM 17455838 ER PT J AU Doran, H Bliese, P Bates, D Dowling, M AF Doran, Harold Bliese, Paul Bates, Douglas Dowling, Maritza TI Estimating the multilevel Rasch model: with the lme4 package SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE generalized linear mixed models; item response theory; sparse matrix techniques AB Traditional Rasch estimation of the item and student parameters via marginal maximum likelihood, joint maximum likelihood or conditional maximum likelihood, assume individuals in clustered settings are uncorrelated and items within a test that share a grouping structure are also uncorrelated. These assumptions are often violated, particularly in educational testing situations, in which students are grouped into classrooms and many test items share a common grouping structure, such as a content strand or a reading passage. Consequently, one possible approach is to explicitly recognize the clustered nature of the data and directly incorporate random effects to account for the various dependencies. This article demonstrates how the multilevel Rasch model can be estimated using the functions in R for mixed-effects models with crossed or partially crossed random effects. We demonstrate how to model the following hierarchical data structures: a) individuals clustered in similar settings ( e. g., classrooms, schools), b) items nested within a particular group ( such as a content strand or a reading passage), and c) how to estimate a teacher x content strand interaction. C1 Amer Inst Res, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Doran, H (reprint author), Amer Inst Res, Washington, DC 20007 USA. EM hdoran@air.org NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU JOURNAL STATISTICAL SOFTWARE PI LOS ANGELES PA UCLA DEPT STATISTICS, 8130 MATH SCIENCES BLDG, BOX 951554, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1554 USA SN 1548-7660 J9 J STAT SOFTW JI J. Stat. Softw. PD APR PY 2007 VL 20 IS 2 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 175JU UT WOS:000247010700001 ER PT J AU Li, Q Ayers, PD Anderson, AB AF Li, Q. Ayers, P. D. Anderson, A. B. TI Prediction of impacts of wheeled vehicles on terrain SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE turning radius; disturbed width; impact severity; off-road; GPS ID SOIL PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PRESSURE; COMPACTION; STRESSES AB Traffic of off-road vehicles can disturb soil, decrease vegetation development, and increase soil erosion. Terrain impacts caused by wheeled off-road vehicles were studied in this paper. Models were developed to predict terrain impacts caused by wheeled vehicles in terms of disturbed width and impact severity. Disturbed width and impact severity are not only controlled by vehicle types and vehicle dimensions, but also influenced by soil conditions and vehicle dynamic properties (turning radius, velocity). Field tests of an eight-wheeled vehicle and a four-wheeled vehicle were conducted to test these models. Field data of terrain-vehicle interactions in different vehicle dynamic conditions were collected. Vehicle dynamic properties were derived from a global position system (GPS) based tracking system. The average prediction percentage error of the theoretical disturbed width model is less than 20%. The average absolute error between the predicted impact severity and the measured value is less than an impact severity value of 12%. These models can be used to predict terrain impacts caused by off-road wheeled vehicles. (c) 2006 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. USA, ERDC, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Ayers, PD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Environm Sci, 2506 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ayers@utk.edu RI Li, Qinghe/D-6747-2011 NR 30 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD APR PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 205 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2006.05.003 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 146ID UT WOS:000244926800007 ER PT J AU Chen, WW Rajendran, AM Song, B Nie, X AF Chen, Weinong W. Rajendran, A. M. Song, Bo Nie, Xu TI Dynamic fracture of ceramics in armor applications SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Review ID HOPKINSON PRESSURE BAR; SILICON-CARBIDE; MULTIAXIAL-COMPRESSION; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION; BRITTLE MATERIALS; DAMAGED CERAMICS; INTERFACE DEFEAT; SHEAR FAILURE; BEHAVIOR AB Ceramic materials have been extensively used in armor applications for both personnel and vehicle protection. As the types of threats have diversified recently, e.g., improvised explosive devices and explosively formed projectiles, a proper set of ceramic material selection criteria is needed to design and optimize corresponding mitigating structures. However, the dynamic fracture and failure behavior of engineering ceramics is still not well understood. Using examples of thin ceramic plates and confined thick ceramics subjected to kinetic energy projectile impact, this article provides a brief summary on the current understanding of dynamic failure processes of ceramics under dynamic penetration loading conditions. Laboratory examination of dynamic fracture of ceramics is conducted using split Hopkinson bars with various loading rates, stress states, and loading histories. C1 Purdue Univ, Sch AAE, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, MSE Sch, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Chen, WW (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch AAE, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM wchen@purdue.edu RI Rajendran, Arunachalam/A-1615-2010; Song, Bo/D-3945-2011 NR 106 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 10 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2007 VL 90 IS 4 BP 1005 EP 1018 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01515.x PG 14 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 156UL UT WOS:000245675300001 ER PT J AU Klammer, RM Day, DS Kohrt, WM Gozansky, WS AF Klammer, R. M. Day, D. S. Kohrt, W. M. Gozansky, W. S. TI Fat mass, opioid restraint, and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis activity in postmenopausal women. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the American-Geriatrics-Society CY MAY 02-06, 2007 CL Seattle, WA SP Amer Geriat Soc C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2007 VL 55 IS 4 SU S BP S165 EP S165 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 157WQ UT WOS:000245752500485 ER PT J AU Petrov, D Shkuratov, Y Videen, G AF Petrov, Dmitriy Shkuratov, Yuriy Videen, Gorden TI Analytical light-scattering solution for Chebyshev particles SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID T-MATRIX METHOD AB We develop a modification of the T-matrix method that allows for fast calculations of scattering properties of particles with irregular shapes. This modification uses the so-called Sh matrices, the elements of which depend on the shape of particles and do not depend on the particle size or optical constants; i.e., the introduction of Sh matrices makes possible the separation of these parameters within the T-matrix algorithm. For a given shape of a scattering object we calculate the Sh matrices only once and then can quickly calculate the T-matrix elements for a number of sizes and refractive indices. This, in particular, can provide rapid particle-size and refractive index averaging in a particle ensemble. This separation is useful for the derivation of an analytical light-scattering solution for Chebyshev particles. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 Kharkov Natl Univ, Astron Inst, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Radio Astron, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,CI,ES, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Petrov, D (reprint author), Kharkov Natl Univ, Astron Inst, 35 Sumskaya St, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. EM petrov@astron.kharko.ua NR 9 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD APR PY 2007 VL 24 IS 4 BP 1103 EP 1119 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.24.001103 PG 17 WC Optics SC Optics GA 152EL UT WOS:000245343600022 PM 17361298 ER PT J AU Mattiucci, N D'Aguanno, G Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ AF Mattiucci, Nadia D'Aguanno, Giuseppe Scalora, Michael Bloemer, Mark J. TI Coherence length for second-harmonic generation in nonlinear, one-dimensional, finite, multilayered structures SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHOTONIC BAND-GAP; ENHANCEMENT; CONVERSION; CRYSTALS AB We find an analytic expression for second-harmonic conversion efficiency (both forward and backward) in generic, 1D, finite, multilayered structures, where the respective roles of effective phase-matching conditions and field overlap are clearly identified. Our approach places the notions of effective index and effective phase-matching conditions on a more solid theoretical ground and clarifies the meaning and the limits of applicability of these concepts. We also define a coherence length for the process in an unambiguous way and point out similarities and differences with the coherence length that is usually defined for bulk materials. Finally, we address the role played by absorption and provide numerical examples that confirm the analytical results found. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Charles M Bowden Res Facil, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Mattiucci, N (reprint author), Time Domain Corp, Cummings Res Pk,7057 Old Madison Pike, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. EM nadia.mattiucci@us.army.mil; giuseppe.daguanno@us.army.mil OI D'Aguanno, Giuseppe/0000-0002-7132-0103 NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD APR PY 2007 VL 24 IS 4 BP 877 EP 886 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.24.000877 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA 151OK UT WOS:000245299800019 ER PT J AU Hong, HP Wensel, J Peterson, S Roy, W AF Hong, Haiping Wensel, Jesse Peterson, Shelley Roy, Walter TI Efficiently lowering the freezing point in heat transfer coolants using carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS AND HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITIES; NANOFLUIDS; SUSPENSIONS C1 S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Met & Mat, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Hong, HP (reprint author), S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Met & Mat, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. EM Haiping.Hong@sdsmt.edu; Jesse.Wensel@gold.sdsmt.edu; grasshoppa54@hotmail.com; walter.roy1@us.army.mil NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0887-8722 J9 J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR JI J. Thermophys. Heat Transf. PD APR-JUN PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 446 EP 448 DI 10.2514/1.28387 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA 157BK UT WOS:000245693400022 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Cooke, WH Holcomb, JB AF Convertino, Victor A. Cooke, William H. Holcomb, John B. TI Non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring using USCOM in HEMS at the scene - The author's reply SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Letter ID TRAUMA PATIENTS; ASSOCIATION C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD APR PY 2007 VL 62 IS 4 BP 1070 EP 1070 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31804599ef PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 157DJ UT WOS:000245698500062 ER PT J AU Kizer, WS Armenakas, NA Brandes, SB Cavalcanti, AG Santucci, RA Morey, AF AF Kizer, William S. Armenakas, Noel A. Brandes, Steven B. Cavalcanti, Andre G. Santucci, Richard A. Morey, Allen F. TI Simplified reconstruction of posterior urethral disruption defects: Limited role of supracrural rerouting SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethra; urethral stricture; fractures; bone; pelvis; wounds and injuries ID DISTRACTION DEFECTS; PRIMARY REALIGNMENT; EXPERIENCE; MANAGEMENT; URETHROPLASTY; REPAIR; INJURIES AB Purpose: We present our combined experience with a simplified posterior urethroplasty technique to determine the necessity and usefulness of ancillary reconstructive maneuvers. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the records of 135 men and 7 boys who underwent reconstruction of traumatic posterior urethral defects with greater than 1 year of followup from 5 tertiary teaching hospitals. Prior treatments, surgical approach and ancillary techniques required during reconstruction were compiled. Results: Direct anastomosis following scar excision and urethral mobilization alone was performed in 95 of the 142 males (67%). Formal corporal splitting was performed in 24 patients (17%) and inferior pubectomy in was done in 14 (10%). Supracrural urethral rerouting was performed in only 4 patients (3%), of whom 3 (75%) experienced recurrent stenosis. Abdominoperineal reconstruction, which was reserved mainly for salvage and pediatric cases, was required to reconstruct complex defects in 5 of the 142 cases (4%) and it was successful in 4 (80%). Early urethral realignment was associated with successful subsequent reconstruction in all patients in whom this maneuver was achieved (17 of 17 or 100%). This maneuver tended to be straightforward. Overall successful posterior urethral reconstruction was achieved in 130 of 142 cases (92%). Eight failures were successfully salvaged by internal urethrotomy (3) or repeat urethroplasty (5). Conclusions: Ancillary maneuvers such as corporal splitting or inferior pubectomy are seldom required for successful posterior urethral reconstruction. Urethral rerouting appears to be inferior to the abdominoperineal approach as a salvage maneuver for complex cases. Primary realignment appears to promote more simplified and successful surgical repair. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Lenox Hill Hosp, New York, NY 10021 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. Hosp Souza Aguiar, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM allen.morey@cen.amedd.army.mil OI Santucci, Richard/0000-0001-5603-3969 NR 15 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 177 IS 4 BP 1378 EP 1381 DI 10.1016/j.juro.2006.11.036 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 148QV UT WOS:000245090600046 PM 17382736 ER PT J AU Anderson, KB Chunsuttiwat, S Nisalak, A Mammen, MP Libraty, DH Rothman, AL Green, S Vaughn, DW Ennis, FA Endy, TP AF Anderson, Katie B. Chunsuttiwat, Supamit Nisalak, Ananda Mammen, Mammen P. Libraty, Daniel H. Rothman, Alan L. Green, Sharone Vaughn, David W. Ennis, Francis A. Endy, Timothy P. TI Burden of symptomatic dengue infection in children at primary school in Thailand: a prospective study SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID FEVER/DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; KAMPHAENG PHET; HEALTH PROBLEM; EMERGENCE; AMERICA AB Background Dengue viruses are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical areas. Our aim was to assess prospectively the burden of dengue-related illness in children in Thailand. Methods We did a prospective study in a cohort of children at primary school in northern Thailand from 1998 to 2002. We assessed the burden of dengue illness as disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and patient costs per illness. Findings Dengue accounted for 328 (11%) of the 3056 febrile cases identified in 2114 children during the study period. The mean burden of dengue was 465.3 (SD 358.0; range 76.5-954.0) DALYs per million population per year accounting for about 15% of DALYs lost to all febrile illnesses (3213.1 [SD 2624.2] DALYs per million per year). Non-hospitalised patients with dengue illnesses represented a substantial proportion of the overall burden of disease, with 44-73% of the total DALYs lost to dengue each year due to such illness. The infecting dengue serotype was an important determinant of DALYs lost: DEN4 was responsible for 1% of total DALYs lost, DEN1 for 9%, DEN2 for 30%, and DEN3 for 29%. Interpretation Use of prospective data to estimate the burden of disease shows that most DALYs lost to dengue illness were the result of non-hospitalised illnesses of long duration. Thus, inclusion of non-hospitalised cases is critical to accurately assess the total burden of dengue illness. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA USA. Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Endy, TP (reprint author), SUNY, Upstate Med Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM endyt@upstate.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI34533] NR 25 TC 90 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 9 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR-MAY PY 2007 VL 369 IS 9571 BP 1452 EP 1459 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60671-0 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 161LW UT WOS:000246017700031 PM 17467515 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, Edwin B. TI Empire of blue water: Captain Morgan's great pirate army, the epic battle for the Americas, and the catastrophe that ended the outlaw's bloody reign. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 132 IS 6 BP 100 EP 100 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 153FS UT WOS:000245418100137 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, Edwin B. TI The sack of Panama: Captain Morgan and the battle for the Caribbean. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 132 IS 6 BP 100 EP 100 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 153FS UT WOS:000245418100136 ER PT J AU Midorikawa, T Kondo, M Beekley, MD Koizum, K Abe, T AF Midorikawa, Taishi Kondo, Masakatsu Beekley, Matthew D. Koizum, Kiyoshi Abe, Takashi TI High REE in sumo wrestlers attributed to large organ-tissue mass SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE fat-free mass; skeletal muscle mass; internal organ mass; energy expenditure; magnetic resonance imaging; sport activity ID RESTING METABOLIC-RATE; BODY-COMPOSITION; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; JAPANESE ADULTS; EXERCISE; WEIGHT; STRENGTH; PROGRAM; RATS AB Purpose: It is unknown whether high resting energy expenditure (REE) in athletes is attributable to changes in organ-tissue mass and/or metabolic rate. The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of organ-tissue mass of fat-free mass (FFM) components to REE for Sumo wrestlers who have large FFM and REE. We investigated the relationship between the REE measured by indirect calorimetry and the REE calculated from organtissue mass using a previously published approach. Methods: Ten Sumo wrestlers and 11 male untrained college students (controls) were recruited to participate in this study. FFM was estimated by two-component densitometry. Contiguous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images with a 1-cm slice thickness were obtained from the top of head to the ankle joints, and the cross-sectional area and volume were determined for skeletal muscle (SM), liver, kidney, and brain. The volume of adipose tissue, heart, and residual was calculated from each equation. The volume units were converted into mass by an assumed constant density, The measured REE was determined by indirect calorimetry. The calculated REE was estimated as the sum of individual organ-tissue masses (seven body compartments) multiplied by their metabolic rate constants. Results: The measured REE for Sumo wrestlers (2286 kcal(.)d(-1)) was higher (P < 0.01) than for controls (1545 kcal(.)d(-1)). Sumo wrestlers had a greater amount of FFM and FFM components (e.g., SM, liver, and kidney), except for brain. The ratio of measured REE to FFM and the measured REE adjusted by FFM were similar between the two groups. The measured REE values for Sumo wrestlers were not significantly different from the calculated REE values. Conclusions: The high REE for Sumo wrestlers can be attributed not to an elevation of the organ-tissue metabolic rate, but to a larger absolute amount of low and high metabolically active tissue including SM, liver, and kidney. C1 Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Exercise & Sport Sci, Tokyo 158, Japan. Nihon Univ, Dept Exercise Physiol, Tokyo, Japan. US Mil Acad, Dept Phys Educ, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Tokyo Med Univ, Hachioji Med Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. RP Midorikawa, T (reprint author), Waseda Univ, Fac Sport Sci, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 3591192, Japan. EM taishi@aoni.waseda.jp NR 31 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD APR PY 2007 VL 39 IS 4 BP 688 EP 693 DI 10.1249/mss.0b013e31802f58f6 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 154NF UT WOS:000245513600015 PM 17414807 ER PT J AU Betancourt, JA Hakre, S Polyak, CS Pavlin, JA AF Betancourt, Jose A. Hakre, Shilpa Polyak, Christina S. Pavlin, Julie A. TI Evaluation of ICD-9 codes for syndromic surveillance in the electronic surveillance system for the early notification of community-based epidemics SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ILLNESS; ACCURACY; RECORDS AB The Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-based Epidemics (ESSENCE), developed by the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections System (DOD-GEIS), actively analyzes syndromic groupings from electronic International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision data as a proxy for early disease outbreak detection. This study compares International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, data and emergency room records from three hospitals to determine the accuracy of data in ESSENCE. Of 2,474 records reviewed, inter-reviewer variability illustrated excellent consistency, ranging from 0.87 to 1.0. Gastrointestinal disease had the highest overall sensitivity (89.0%) and specificity (96.0%), likely due to less overlap with other groups, unlike the respiratory (sensitivity, 65.7%; specificity, 95.6%) and fever (sensitivity, 69.4%; specificity, 95.5%) groups, where symptoms of both are often seen in the same patient. This study concludes that data used by ESSENCE is accurate and reflects the types of patient visits to these facilities: valuable information for public health decision makers. C1 USA, Acad Hlth Sci, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Betancourt, JA (reprint author), USA, Acad Hlth Sci, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 14 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 4 BP 346 EP 352 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 161YO UT WOS:000246053300002 PM 17484301 ER PT J AU Hill, JV Lange, C Bacon, B AF Hill, Jeffrey V. Lange, Christopher Bacon, Bryan TI Becoming a successful division psychiatrist: The sequel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STRESS-CONTROL; MENTAL-HEALTH; COMBAT; CARE AB Psychiatric residents in military residency programs participate in military-oriented training designed to help them prepare for military operational positions. One such position is that of the division psychiatrist. There are many differences in the duties of such an operational psychiatrist and those of their civilian counterparts. This article is meant to outline guidelines and tactics for success in a military operational environment. The article covers the topics of personal preparation, clinical and preventive duties, and leadership roles of the division psychiatrist. Much of the article may be generalized and beneficial to mental health and non-mental health Army, Navy, and Air Force personnel as well. C1 Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, APO, AE 09180 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. 25th Mil Infantry Div, Div Psychiat, Schofield Barracks, HI 96857 USA. RP Hill, JV (reprint author), Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, CMR 402 Box 1356, APO, AE 09180 USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 4 BP 364 EP 369 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 161YO UT WOS:000246053300005 PM 17484304 ER PT J AU Lacy, BW Ditzler, TF AF Lacy, Benjamin W. Ditzler, Thomas F. TI Inhalant abuse in the military: An unrecognized threat SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; TOLUENE ABUSE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INTOXICATION; EXPOSURE; BENZENE AB Although inhalant abuse represents the third most commonly abused class of drugs in the military, it is a frequently overlooked form of substance abuse in the active duty population. Inhalants' lack of visibility is also evident in the civilian community. In both the civilian and military communities, the factors leading to underrecognition of inhalant abuse include high availability, low cost, lack of drug screening and drug treatment programs, and frequent misdiagnosis by clinicians. This review seeks to inform care providers about the prevalence, health risks, diagnosis, and treatment of inhalant abuse in the active duty population, and encourages clinicians to be more aggressive in the identification of this serious but underrecognized problem. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Lacy, BW (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 4 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 4 BP 388 EP 392 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 161YO UT WOS:000246053300010 PM 17484309 ER PT J AU Gold, K Cheng, YS Holmes, TD AF Gold, Kenneth Cheng, Yung Sung Holmes, Thomas D. TI A quantitative analysis of aerosols inside an armored vehicle perforated by a kinetic energy nickel, penetrator containing tungsten, and cobalt SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MACROPHAGES; MECHANISMS; DUSTS AB These tests were conducted to develop a database that could be used to assess risks to soldiers from exposure to aerosolized metallic particulates when the crew compartment of an Abrams tank is perforated by a kinetic energy penetrator. Quantitative data are reported for aerosols produced by kinetic energy penetrators containing tungsten, nickel, and cobalt. The following are addressed: (1) concentrations and rates of particle settling inside the vehicle, (2) particle size distribution, (3) inhalable and respirable particulates, (4) distribution of aerosol particles by mass, and (5) particle shapes. The scenario described in this report simulates a rare occurrence. The lessons learned, however, highlight a requirement for developing protocols for analyses of metals in body fluids and urine as soon as practical, and also for implementing targeted postdeployment medical surveillance programs that monitor both body burden for respired metals and pulmonary function. C1 USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr,Environm Technol Div, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Gold, K (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr,Environm Technol Div, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 4 BP 393 EP 398 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 161YO UT WOS:000246053300011 PM 17484310 ER PT J AU Bebarta, VS MacDaniel, J Schwertner, HA Martin, JF AF Bebarta, Vikhyat S. MacDaniel, Joe Schwertner, Harvey A. Martin, James F. TI Comparison of urine and serum testing for early detection of acetaminophen ingestion SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Academic-Emergency-Medicine (SAEM) CY MAY 22-25, 2005 CL New York, NY SP Soc Acad Emergency Med ID SCREEN AB Acetaminophen is a common ingestant that is routinely screened for, with serum testing, after overdoses. We compared a modified, qualitative, colorimetric, o-cresol urine test for acetaminophen with the standard laboratory serum immunoassay. Twenty-nine adult volunteers were given 975 mg of acetaminophen, and then serum and urine samples were tested at predefined intervals for up to 4 hours. The presence of acetaminophen in the urine samples was determined with a modified o-cresol assay by two independent reviewers and was verified by using high-performance liquid chromatography. Compared with the acetaminophen serum immunoassay, the acetaminophen urine test had specificity of 97% (95% confidence interval, 80-100%) and sensitivity of 100% (95% confidence interval, 81-100%) at 45 minutes. Further studies to improve and to accelerate processing of the qualitative colorimetric o-cresol urine test could allow the test to be used in specific military and civilian clinical scenarios. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Baptist Hlth Syst, Emergency Phys Affiliates, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. 82nd Airborne Div, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Bebarta, VS (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RI Bebarta, Vikhyat/M-1513-2015 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 4 BP 399 EP 401 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 161YO UT WOS:000246053300012 ER PT J AU Chun, DW Bauer, RM Ward, TP Dick, JSB Bower, KS AF Chun, Dal W. Bauer, Robert M. Ward, Thomas P. Dick, John S. B., II Bower, Kraig S. TI Evaluation of digital fundus images as a diagnostic method for surveillance of diabetic retinopathy SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 24-29, 2004 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol ID NONMYDRIATIC RETINAL CAMERA; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; MACULAR EDEMA; OPHTHALMOSCOPY; PHOTOGRAPHY; RISK; PREVALENCE; PROGRAM; TRIAL; AGE AB Objective: The goal was to evaluate a digital imaging system for diagnosing and grading diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cystoid macular edema (CME). Methods: A single 45 degrees, nonmydriatic, digital color photograph was taken of 231 eyes of 120 patients with diabetes mellitus. The images were graded for DR and CME by a remote ophthalmologist, and the results were compared with dilated ophthalmoscopy performed by a retina specialist. Results: For DR, the level of agreement between digital image review and ophthalmoscopy was moderate (kappa = 0.44). The sensitivity and specificity of digital image review were 0.60 and 1.00, respectively. For CME, the level of agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.60). The sensitivity and specificity of digital image review were 0.60 and 0.99, respectively. Conclusion: A single 45 degrees, nomnydriatic, digital image is not reliable as the sole modality for DR screening. However, with modifications, it may be useful where access to an experienced ophthalmologist is limited. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. White Eye Associates, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. Consulting Ophthalmologists, Farmington, CT 06032 USA. So Calif Permanente Med Grp, San Diego, CA 92120 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Chun, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 4 BP 405 EP 410 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 161YO UT WOS:000246053300014 PM 17484313 ER PT J AU Whitehouse, CA Hottel, HE AF Whitehouse, Chris A. Hottel, Hannah E. TI Comparison of five commercial DNA extraction kits for the recovery of Francisella tularensis DNA from spiked soil samples SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Francisella tularensis; soil extraction; molecular diagnostics; bioterrorism ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MICROBIAL DNA; BACTERIAL-DNA; RAPID METHOD; SEDIMENTS; TULAREMIA; PCR; PURIFICATION; SUBSTANCES; SEPARATION AB Francisella tularensis is the etiologic agent of the zoonotic disease tularemia and is thought to be maintained in the environment principally by various terrestrial and aquatic vertebrate animals. The organism is known to persist in water or mud for long periods of time and Francisella-specific DNA has been identified from water and soil. To gain a better understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of F tularensis, it will be important to further explore its distribution in the environment. Therefore, methods must be established to efficiently extract Francisella-specific DNA from the soil and be able to eliminate potential PCR inhibitors. Thus, we evaluated five commercial DNA extraction kits for their ability to recover F tularensis-specific DNA from soil samples and eliminate potential PCR inhibitors. The kits evaluated included the Puregene DNA purification kit, QIAamp Stool Mini kit, Epicentre Biotech SoilMaster DNA extraction kit, and the UltraClean (TM) and PowerMax (TM) soil DNA isolation kits from MoBio. Soil samples were spiked with gamma-irradiated F tularensis SHU-4 strain (corresponding to a range from 10 to 10(5) CFU). Spiked samples were extracted with each kit and evaluated using a F tularensis-specific real-time PCR assay and an internal positive control assay that measures the presence of potential PCR inhibitors. DNA extraction using the UltraClean (TM) and PowerMax (TM) kits resulted in the most consistently positive results at the lowest limit of detection (20 and 100 CFU/g soil, respectively) for all soil types tested, suggesting that these kits can provide the most sensitive methods for extracting F tularensis from environmental soil samples. Processing time and cost were also evaluated. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, ORISE, Frederick, MD USA. RP Whitehouse, CA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD USA. EM chris.whitehouse@amedd.army.mil NR 32 TC 62 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD APR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 2 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2006.08.003 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 135VX UT WOS:000244183100002 PM 17011748 ER PT J AU Foley, DH Wilkerson, RC Cooper, RD Volovsek, ME Bryan, JH AF Foley, D. H. Wilkerson, R. C. Cooper, R. D. Volovsek, M. E. Bryan, J. H. TI A molecular phylogeny of Anopheles annulipes (Diptera : Culicidae) sensu lato: The most species-rich anopheline complex SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Anopheles annulipes; phylogenetics; Bayesian; maximum parsimony; sibling species; species complex; myxomatosis; DNA barcoding; Australia; Papua New Guinea; ITS2; COI; COII; EF-1 alpha ID NEW-SOUTH-WALES; WALKER DIPTERA; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; BAYESIAN ANALYSES; MITOCHONDRIAL; GRIFFITH; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; GENE; ITS2 AB The Australasian Annulipes Complex is the most species-rich among Anopheles mosquitoes, with at least 15 sibling species suspected. Members of this complex are the most likely vectors of malaria in the past in southern Australia and are involved in the spread of myxomatosis among rabbits. In this, the first comprehensive molecular study of the Annulipes Complex, 23 ITS2 rDNA variants were detected from collections throughout Australia and Papua New Guinea, including diagnostic variants for the previously identified An. annulipes species A-G. Specimens of each ITS2 variant were sequenced for portions of the mitochondrial COI, COII and nuclear EF-1 alpha genes. Partitioned Bayesian and Maximum Parsimony analyses confirmed the monophyly of the Annulipes Complex and revealed at least 17 clades that we designate species A-Q. These species belong to two major clades, one in the north and one mainly in the south, suggesting that climate was a driver of species radiation. We found that 65% (11) of the 17 sibling species recorded here had unique COI sequences, suggesting that DNA barcoding will be useful for diagnosing species within the Annulipes Complex. A comparison of the taxa revealed morphological characters that may be diagnostic for some species. Our results substantially increase the size of the subgenus Cellia in Australasia, and will assist species-level studies of the Annulipes Complex. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Australian Army Malaria Inst, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. Univ Queensland, Trop Hlth Program, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. Univ Queensland, Dept Zool & Entomol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. RP Foley, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Walter Red Biosystemat Unit, MSC MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM foleydes@si.edu OI Foley, Desmond/0000-0001-7525-4601 NR 49 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD APR PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 BP 283 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.10.008 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 160JF UT WOS:000245936000021 PM 17126567 ER PT J AU Oldani, NO Baigun, CRM Nestler, JM Goodwin, RA AF Oldani, Norberto Oscar Baigun, Claudio Rafael Mariano Nestler, John Michael Goodwin, Richard Andrew TI Fish passage technology saving fish resources in the lower La Plata River basin? SO NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fish Passages in South America CY JUL 30-AUG 03, 2007 CL Fed Univ Lavras, Lavras, BRAZIL HO Fed Univ Lavras DE non salmonid species; migratory fish; yacyreta dam; salto grande dam ID UPPER PARANA RIVER; SOUTH-AMERICA; RESERVOIRS; FISHERIES; DAM AB Over 450 dams have been constructed in the upper Parana River basin in Brazil during the past 40 years. River regulation by these dams is considered a primary factor in the reduction of fish diversity and depletion of migratory species. In contrast to the upper Parana Basin, only two large dams (both with upstream fish passage) have been constructed in the lower La Plata River basin. Fishery managers in the lower basin are concerned that existing and planned dams will further deplete populations of migratory fish species that constitute important recreational and commercial fisheries as has occurred in the upper basin. We assessed the sustainability of fisheries in the lower basin in the face of increased river regulation by using literature information to describe the efficiency of the fish passage systems used to mitigate river regulation impacts on fisheries. Our analysis shows that fish passage systems at both lower basin dams, Yacyreta and Salto Grande, fail to transfer sufficient numbers of upstream migrants to sustain populations of migratory species. Fish passage efficiency of target species in the fish elevators at Yacyreta is less than 2%. Fish diversity in the fish elevators is low because about 85% of the fish belong to only three nonmigratory species (Pimelodus maculatus, Oxydoras kneri and Rhinodoras dorbignyi). Large migratory species targeted for passage rarely comprise even 5 % of the fish number in the passage system. The two Borland locks at Salto Grande Dam cannot dependably pass large numbers of migratory species because passage efficiency is dependent upon interactions of powerhouse and spillway operation with tailrace elevations. Most species in the Borland system were either a small catfish (Parapimelodus valenciennis) or a engraulid (Lycengraulis grossidens). Again, the targeted migratory species were not abundant in the passage system. We conclude that existing fish passage technology in the lower basin is inadequate and that improved fish passage designs are required to conserve migratory species. These designs must be based on integrated information from geomorphology (habitat), natural fish behavior, fish swimming capabilities, and detailed population studies. C1 INTEC CONICET UNL, Inst Desarrollo Tecnol Ind Quim, Santa Fe, Argentina. Inst Tecnol Chascomus, IIB INTEC, RA-7130 Chascomus, Argentina. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Oldani, NO (reprint author), INTEC CONICET UNL, Inst Desarrollo Tecnol Ind Quim, Guemes 3450, Santa Fe, Argentina. EM gbio@ceride.gov.ar; claudiobaigun@intech.gov.ar NR 74 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 13 PU SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ICTIOLOGIA PI SAO PAULO PA UNIVERSIDADE DE SAO PAULO, DEPT FISIOLOGIA-IB, RUA DO MATAO, TRAVESSA 14 N 321, SAO PAULO, SP 05508-900, BRAZIL SN 1679-6225 J9 NEOTROP ICHTHYOL JI Neotrop. Ichthyol. PD APR-JUN PY 2007 VL 5 IS 2 BP 89 EP 102 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 188LA UT WOS:000247920200002 ER PT J AU Baigun, CRM Nestler, JM Oldani, NO Goodwin, RA Weber, LJ AF Baigun, Claudio Rafael Mariano Nestler, John Michael Oldani, Norberto Oscar Goodwin, R. Andrew Weber, Larry J. TI Can north american fish passage tools work for South american migratory fishes? SO NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Fish Passages in South America CY JUL 30-AUG 03, 2007 CL Fed Univ Lavras, Lavras, BRAZIL HO Fed Univ Lavras DE hydraulic strain; hydrodynamics; numerical fish surrogate; Eulerian-Lagrangian-agent method ID AGENT METHOD ELAM; MOVEMENT; BEHAVIOR; TURBINES AB In North America, the Numerical Fish Surrogate (NFS) is used to design fish bypass systems for emigrating j uveni le salmon as they migrate from hatchery outfalls and rearing habitats to adult habitat in the oceans. The NFS is constructed of three linked modules: 1) a computational fluid dynamics model describes the complex flow fields upstream of dams at a scale sufficiently resolved to analyze, understand and forecast fish movement, 2) a particle tracking model interpolates hydraulic information from the fixed nodes of the computational fluid model mesh to multiple locations relevant to migrating fish, and 3) a behavior model simulates the cognition and behavior of individual fish in response to the fluid dynamics predicted by the computational fluid dynamics model. These three modules together create a virtual reality where virtual fish exhibit realistic dam approach behaviors and can be counted at dam exits in ways similar to the real world. Once calibrated and validated with measured fish movement and passage data, the NFS can accurately predict fish passage proportions with sufficient precision to allow engineers to select one optimum alternative from among many competing structural or operational bypass alternatives. Although South American fish species are different from North American species, it is likely that the basic computational architecture and numerical methods of the NFS can be used for fish conservation in South America. Consequently, the extensive investment made in the creation of the NFS need not be duplicated in South America. However, its use in South America will require that the behavioral response of the continent's unique fishes to hydrodynamic cues must be described, codified and tested before the NFS can be used to conserve fishes by helping design efficient South American bypass systems. To this end, we identify studies that could be used to describe the movement behavior of South American fishes of sufficient detail that they could be used to develop, calibrate and validate a South American version of the NFS. C1 IIB INTECH, RA-7120 Chascomus, Argentina. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. Inst Desarollo Tecnol Ind Quim, RA-3000 Santa Fe, Argentina. Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Baigun, CRM (reprint author), IIB INTECH, Camino Circunvalac Laguna,Km 6, RA-7120 Chascomus, Argentina. EM claudiobaigun@intech.gov.ar; john.m.nestler@erdc.usace.army.mil; rag12@cornell.edu; gbio@ceride.gov.ar; larry-weber@uiowa.edu NR 39 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ICTIOLOGIA PI SAO PAULO PA UNIVERSIDADE DE SAO PAULO, DEPT FISIOLOGIA-IB, RUA DO MATAO, TRAVESSA 14 N 321, SAO PAULO, SP 05508-900, BRAZIL SN 1679-6225 J9 NEOTROP ICHTHYOL JI Neotrop. Ichthyol. PD APR-JUN PY 2007 VL 5 IS 2 BP 109 EP 119 DI 10.1590/S1679-62252007000200004 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 188LA UT WOS:000247920200004 ER PT J AU Perkins, RM George, R Fox, CR Yuan, CM AF Perkins, Robert M. George, Rachel Fox, Charles R. Yuan, Christina M. TI Successful CAVH in an austere environment using readily available disposable hospital supplies SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE acute renal failure; continuous arteriovenous haemofiltration; disaster relief; renal replacement therapy ID ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; TRAUMATIC RHABDOMYOLYSIS; CRUSH SYNDROME; HEMOFILTRATION; NEPHROLOGY C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Peripheral Vasc Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Perkins, RM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Dept Internal Med, Ward 48,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM robert.perkins@na.amedd.army.mil NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD APR PY 2007 VL 22 IS 4 BP 1241 EP 1246 DI 10.1093/ndt/gfl828 PG 6 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA 152HW UT WOS:000245353600043 PM 17299002 ER PT J AU Santos, ERG Rosner, MK Perra, JH Polly, DW AF Santos, Edward R. G. Rosner, Michael K. Perra, Joseph H. Polly, David W., Jr. TI Spinopelvic fixation in deformity: A review SO NEUROSURGERY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID SEGMENTAL SPINAL INSTRUMENTATION; LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION; PEDICLE SCREW FIXATION; L-ROD INSTRUMENTATION; LUMBOSACRAL FIXATION; BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS; PELVIC FIXATION; NONPARALYTIC SCOLIOSIS; SACROPELVIC FIXATION; INTERNAL-FIXATION AB Spinopelvic fixation techniques are evolving and now seem to be converging. Good SI pedicle fixation is the initial key anchor point. The tricortical technique tests out as the best. Supplemental fixation options are available. The most efficacious seems to be iliac fixation, followed by two-level structural interbody support. Achieving appropriate global sagittal balance also lessens the likelihood of implant pullout and places the fusion mass under relatively more compressive forces than tension forces. Regardless of the method of fixation, the ultimate determinant of longterm implant survival is the achievement of adequate biologic fusion. C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthoped Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20815 USA. Twin Cities Spine Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Neurosurg, Minneapolis, MN 55404 USA. RP Polly, DW (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthoped Surg, 2450 Riverside Ave S R200, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM pollydw@umn.edu NR 57 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1042-3680 J9 NEUROSURG CLIN N AM JI Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. PD APR PY 2007 VL 18 IS 2 BP 373 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nec.2007.02.009 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 184ZH UT WOS:000247680600023 PM 17556140 ER PT J AU Brietzke, SE Mair, EA AF Brietzke, Scott E. Mair, Eric A. TI Acoustical analysis of pediatric snoring: What can we learn? SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 110th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 17-20, 2006 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID SLEEP-APNEA SYNDROME; CHILDREN; PERFORMANCE; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; SONOGRAPHY AB OBJECTIVE: Evaluate a database of pediatric patients who underwent snoring acoustical analysis for associations between snoring measurements, demographics, and obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) severity. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A database of pediatric patients who underwent home testing with a polysomnogram device (SNAP Test, Glenview, IL) that includes acoustical snoring analysis was reviewed. RESULTS: Four hundred fifty-six patients were included (mean age, 6.87 years). Four hundred twenty-nine (94.1%) patients had measurable snoring. Snoring index (events/hr) (r = 0.2073; P < 0.0001) and maximal loudness (dB) (r = 0.2218; P < 0.0001) were directly proportional to the apnea/hypopnea index. Among patients without OSAHS (apnea index <1), increasing snoring index (r = -0.2102; P < 0.0001) and volume (P < 0.005 ANOVA) were associated with increasing oximetry desaturation events. CONCLUSION: The majority of children evaluated had objective snoring. Increasing snoring index and loudness are associated with increased severity of OSAHS. In the absence of OSAHS, increasing snoring is associated with oxygen desaturations. SIGNIFICANCE: Pediatric snoring is objectively related to OSAHS severity. (C) 2007 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Charlotte ENT Associates, Charlotte, NC USA. RP Brietzke, SE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM sebrietzke@msn.com NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD APR PY 2007 VL 136 IS 4 BP 644 EP 648 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.11.056 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 154PB UT WOS:000245518600024 PM 17418266 ER PT J AU Shvidler, J Bothwell, NE Cable, B AF Shvidler, Joseph Bothwell, Nici E. Cable, Benjamin TI Refining indications for the use of mitomycin C using a randomized controlled trial with an animal model SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 110th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 17-20, 2006 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID CROSS-LINKING; IN-VIVO; SURGERY; FIBROBLASTS; STENOSIS; RECONSTRUCTION; ACTIVATION; PREVENTION; EXPOSURE; TISSUE AB OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of mitomycin on the repair of acquired subglottic stenosis and to define the optimal concentration of mitomycin that would minimize restenosis after repair. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A randomized prospective model was used in which 20 ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) underwent simulated intubation injury that was then treated with CO2 laser lysis. RESULTS: Comparison of cross-sectional airway areas, after stenosis repair, showed no significant differences between control and mitomycin treatment groups. Comparison of histologic scores for both inflammation and mucosalization yielded no difference between control and treatment animals. CONCLUSIONS: Mitomycin C appeared to have no benefit when placed after repair of an acquired stenosis. SIGNIFICANCE: This study closely models the injury experienced by children with acquired subglottic stenosis. These data provide clear evidence that mitomycin is limited in its effect on established wounds and help further define its role as an adjuvant for surgery in the aerodigestive tract. (C) 2007 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. Foundation. All rights reserved. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Dept 3C, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Shvidler, J (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Dept 3C, 1 Jarrett White Rd,TAMC, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM jshvidler@yahoo.com NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD APR PY 2007 VL 136 IS 4 BP 653 EP 657 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.10.037 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 154PB UT WOS:000245518600026 PM 17418268 ER PT J AU Schechter, DS Davis, BE AF Schechter, Daniel S. Davis, Beth Ellen TI Parenting in times of crisis SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS; EARLY-CHILDHOOD; ATTACHMENT; BEHAVIOR; INTERVENTION; PERSPECTIVE; TODDLERS; CHILDREN; VIOLENCE; MOTHERS C1 Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Div Dev Neurosci, New York, NY 10032 USA. Morgan Stanley Childrens Hosp New York, New York Presbyterian hosp, Dept Pediat Psychiat, Infant Family Serv, New York, NY USA. USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Schechter, DS (reprint author), Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Div Dev Neurosci, 1051 Riverside Dr,Unit 40, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM dss11@columbia.edu NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Annu. PD APR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 4 BP 216 EP + PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 156OP UT WOS:000245659100009 PM 17469302 ER PT J AU Lemmon, KM Stafford, EM AF Lemmon, Keith M. Stafford, Elisabeth M. TI Recognizing and responding to child and adolescent stress - The critical role of the pediatrician SO PEDIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOSOCIAL PROBLEMS; MILITARY FAMILIES; MENTAL-HEALTH; PRIMARY-CARE; MORBIDITY C1 USA, Med Corps, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Adolescent Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. RP Lemmon, KM (reprint author), USA, Med Corps, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Adolescent Med, Bldg 3600,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Keith.Lem-mon@us.army.mil NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0090-4481 EI 1938-2359 J9 PEDIATR ANN JI Pediatr. Ann. PD APR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 4 BP 225 EP 231 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 156OP UT WOS:000245659100010 PM 17469303 ER PT J AU Meany, HJ Gidvani, VK Minniti, CP AF Meany, Holly J. Gidvani, Vinod K. Minniti, Caterina P. TI Utility of PET scans to predict disease relapse in pediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Article DE Hodgkin lymphoma; pediatric; positron emission tomography ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; FOLLOW-UP; FDG-PET; POSTTREATMENT EVALUATION; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; F-18-FDG; MANAGEMENT AB Background. Positron emission tomography (PET) differentiates normal from abnormal cells based on metabolic activity. Numerous studies report that PET scan offers increased sensitivity, specificity and predictive values as compared to computed tomography (CT) in adult lymphoma patients. Procedure. Twenty-three consecutive pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients were evaluated with PET scan either at diagnosis or during treatment, then at therapy completion and in follow-up. Results. Twenty two of the 23 patients had a negative PET scan at the end of therapy; however, ten later developed a positive scan for a total of 11 (47.8%) patients with a positive post treatment PET scan. Six tissue biopsies were performed in five patients; four specimens were negative for disease and two confirmed HL relapse. Six patients were monitored clinically and remained asymptomatic; four had resolution of abnormalities on repeat PET while two had persistently positive, but stable PET scan findings and continue to be in remission at 11 and 40 months following treatment. Twelve (52.2%) patients of the original cohort have had consistently negative PET scans and have not relapsed. Conclusions. PET is a sensitive (100%), but not a specific (57.1%) method for evaluating post-treatment pediatric HL patients with a strong negative predictive value (NPV; 100%), but poor positive predictive value (PPV; 18.2%). We do not recommend treatment decisions be based solely on PET scan results. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;48:399-402. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Meany, HJ (reprint author), Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM hmeany@cnmc.org NR 16 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1545-5009 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD APR PY 2007 VL 48 IS 4 BP 399 EP 402 DI 10.1002/pbc.20797 PG 4 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA 141XE UT WOS:000244611500007 PM 16514616 ER PT J AU Srikiatkhachorn, A Krautrachue, A Ratanaprakarn, W Wongtapradit, L Nithipanya, N Kalayanarooj, S Nisalak, A Thomas, SJ Gibbons, RV Mammen, MP Libraty, DH Ennis, FA Rothman, AL Green, S AF Srikiatkhachorn, Anon Krautrachue, Anchalee Ratanaprakarn, Warangkana Wongtapradit, Lawan Nithipanya, Narong Kalayanarooj, Siripen Nisalak, Ananda Thomas, Stephen J. Gibbons, Robert V. Mammen, Mammen P., Jr. Libraty, Daniel H. Ennis, Francis A. Rothman, Alan L. Green, Sharone TI Natural history of plasma leakage in dengue hemorrhagic fever - A serial ultrasonographic study SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dengue hemorrhagic fever; pleural effusion; ascites; gall bladder wall thickening ID GALLBLADDER-WALL; INTRAPERITONEAL FLUID; SONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS; ULTRASOUND FINDINGS; SEVERITY; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB Background: Although plasma leakage is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), a detailed assessment of the natural course of this process is still lacking. We employed serial ultrasound examination to delineate the locations and the timing of plasma leakage and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasound in detecting plasma leakage in DHF. Method: Daily ultrasound examinations of the abdomen and right thorax were performed in 158 suspected dengue cases to detect ascites, thickened gall bladder wall and pleural effusions. Cases were classified into dengue fever (DF), DHF or other febrile illness (0171) based on serology and evidence of plasma leakage including hemoconcentration and pleural effusion detected by chest radiograph. Results: Ultrasonographic evidence of plasma leakage was detected in DHF cases starting from 2 days before defervescence and was detected in some cases within 3 days after fever onset. Pleural effusion was the most common ultrasonographic sign of plasma leakage (62% of DHF cases one day after defervescence). Thickening of the gallbladder wall and ascites were detected less frequently (43% and 52% of DHF cases respectively) and resolved more rapidly than pleural effusions. The size of pleural effusions, ascites and gall bladder wall thickness in DHF grade I and II were smaller than those of grade III patients. Ultrasound detected plasma leakage in 12 of 17 DHF cases who did not meet the criteria for significant hemoconcentration. Conclusions: Ultrasound examinations detected plasma leakage in multiple body compartments around the time of defervescence. Ultrasonographic signs of plasma leakage were detectable before changes in hematocrits. Ultrasound is a useful tool for detecting plasma leakage in dengue infection. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Srikiatkhachorn, A (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, 55 Lake Ave N,Room S5-326, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM anon.srikiatkbachorn@umassmed.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01AI34533] NR 24 TC 65 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 26 IS 4 BP 283 EP 290 DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000258612.26743.10 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 151JV UT WOS:000245287200001 PM 17414388 ER PT J AU Bodhidatta, L Lan, NTP Hien, BT Lai, NV Srijan, A Serichantalergs, O Fukuda, CD Cam, PD Mason, CJ AF Bodhidatta, Ladaporn Lan, Nguyen Thi Phong Hien, Bui Thu Lai, Nong Vinh Srijan, Apichai Serichantalergs, Oralak Fukuda, Caroline Dorworth Cam, Phung Dac Mason, Carl Jeffries TI Rotavirus disease in young children from Hanoi, Vietnam SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; diarrhea; children; Vietnam; enteric pathogens ID ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; DIARRHEAL PATHOGENS; DNA PROBES; CAMPYLOBACTER; HYBRIDIZATION; MORTALITY; INFECTION; THAILAND; PROVINCE AB Background: Pathogen prevalences and antimicrobial susceptibilities are essential for the rational development of preventive strategies for diarrheal diseases, but little recent information from Vietnam is available. We prospectively studied the prevalence of enteric pathogens in children less than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea and in nondiarrhea controls in a city hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam for 1 year. Methods: Enteric bacteria and viruses were detected by standard culture methods, and enzyme immunoassay in 291 cases and 291 controls. Results: Detection rates of viral pathogens among cases and controls were 31% and 3% for rotavirus, 12% and 1% for astrovirus and 4% and 1% for adenovirus. For bacterial pathogens, Aeromonas, Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter and enterotoxigenic E. coli were isolated from cases and controls in 15% and 8%, 9% and 1%, 7% and 1%, 4% and 0%, and 3% and 0%, respectively. The isolation of bacterial and viral pathogens except for adenovirus was significantly lower in controls than cases. Fluoroquinolones were effective against most bacterial enteropathogens, but resistance was observed in 27% of Campylobacter isolates. Conclusions: Viral etiologic agents especially rotavirus were the most important cause of acute diarrhea in children less than 5 years of age in Hanoi. The burden of rotavirus in young children in Hanoi warrants consideration of using the recently released rotavirus vaccine. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. St Paul Hosp, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Bodhidatta, L (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM ladapornb@afrims.org RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 26 IS 4 BP 325 EP 328 DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000257426.37289.8c PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 151JV UT WOS:000245287200010 PM 17414396 ER PT J AU Corron, NJ Hayes, ST Pethel, SD Blakely, JN AF Corron, Ned J. Hayes, Scott T. Pethel, Shawn D. Blakely, Jonathan N. TI Synthesizing folded band chaos SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB A randomly driven linear filter that synthesizes Lorenz-like, reverse-time chaos is shown also to produce Rossler-like folded band wave forms when driven using a different encoding of the random source. The relationship between the topological entropy of the random source, dissipation in the linear filter, and the positive Lyapunov exponent for the reverse-time wave form is exposed. The two drive encodings are viewed as grammar restrictions on a more general encoding that produces a chaotic superset encompassing both the Lorenz butterfly and Rossler folded band paradigms of nonlinear dynamics. C1 USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Corron, NJ (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. OI Blakely, Jonathan/0000-0002-9772-582X; Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD APR PY 2007 VL 75 IS 4 AR 045201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.75.045201 PN 2 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 162GG UT WOS:000246074300006 PM 17500950 ER PT J AU Cleland, JA Glynn, P Whitman, JM Eberhart, SL MacDonald, C Childs, JD AF Cleland, Joshua A. Glynn, Paul Whitman, Julie M. Eberhart, Sarah L. MacDonald, Cameron Childs, John D. TI Short-term effects of thrust versus nonthrust mobilization/manipulation directed at the thoracic spine in patients with neck pain: A randomized clinical trial SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Annual Conference of the American-Academy-of-Orthopaedic-Manual-Physical-Therapists CY OCT 19-22, 2006 CL Charlotte, NC SP Amer Acad Orthopaed Manual Phys Therapists ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; PREDICTION RULE; PHYSICAL-THERAPY; DISABILITY INDEX; MECHANICAL NECK; MANIPULATION; RELIABILITY; CARE; QUESTIONNAIRE AB Background and Purpose Evidence supports the use of manual physical therapy interventions directed at the thoracic spine in patients with neck pain. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of thoracic spine thrust mobilization/manipulation with that of nonthrust mobilization/manipulation in patients with a primary complaint of mechanical neck pain. The authors also sought to compare the frequencies, durations, and types of side effects between the groups. Subjects The subjects in this study were 60 patients who were 18 to 60 years of age and had a primary complaint of neck pain. Methods For all subjects, a standardized history and a physical examination were obtained. Self-report outcome measures included the Neck Disability Index (NDI), a pain diagram, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. After the baseline evaluation, the subjects were randomly assigned to receive either thoracic spine thrust or nonthrust mobilization/manipulation. The subjects were reexamined 2 to 4 days after the initial examination, and they again completed the NDI and the NPRS, as well as the Global Rating of Change (GROC) Scale. The primary aim was examined with a 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), with intervention group (thrust versus nonthrust mobilization/manipulation) as the between-subjects variable and time (baseline and 48 hours) as the within-subject variable. Separate ANOVAs were performed for each dependent variable: disability (NDI) and pain (NPRS). For each ANOVA, the hypothesis of interest was the 2-way group X time interaction. Results Sixty patients with a mean age of 43.3 years (SD=12.7) (55% female) satisfied the eligibility criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Subjects who received thrust mobilization/ manipulation experienced greater reductions in disability, with a between-group difference of 10% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.3-14.7), and in pain, with a between-group difference of 2.0 (95% CI=1.4-2-7). Subjects in the thrust mobilization/manipulation group exhibited significantly higher scores on the GROC Scale at the time of follow-up. No differences in the frequencies, durations, and types of side effects existed between the groups. Discussion and Conclusion The results suggest that thoracic spine thrust mobilization/manipulation results in significantly greater short-term reductions in pain and disability than does thoracic nonthrust mobilization/ manipulation in people with neck pain. C1 Franklin Pierce Coll, Dept Phys Therapy, Concord, NH 03301 USA. Concord Hosp, Rehabil Serv, Concord, NH USA. Regis Univ, Manual Phys Therapy Fellowship Program, Denver, CO USA. Newton Wellesley Hosp, Newton, MA USA. Regis Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Denver, CO USA. Colorado Sport & Spine Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO USA. Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Cleland, JA (reprint author), Franklin Pierce Coll, Dept Phys Therapy, 5 Chenell Dr, Concord, NH 03301 USA. EM joshcleland@comcast.net RI Comba, Valentina/G-6210-2014 NR 46 TC 75 Z9 81 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD APR PY 2007 VL 87 IS 4 BP 431 EP 440 DI 10.2522/ptj.20060217 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA 150NM UT WOS:000245223500007 PM 17341509 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS AF Killgore, William D. S. TI Effects of sleep deprivation and morningness-eveningness traits on risk-taking SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TASK BART; RESPONSE-INHIBITION; BODY-TEMPERATURE; 24 H; PROPENSITY; JUDGMENT; VALIDITY; RELIABILITY; ALERTNESS; CORTEX AB Individuals differ along a continuum of preference for diurnal activity level, known as Morningness-Eveningness. Individuals low in Morningness traits, i.e., preferring later awakening and bed times, have been shown to score higher on personality traits of impulsiveness and novelty-seeking. No studies have yet examined the association between Morningness-Eveningness and the related construct of risk-taking. Therefore, the present study examined (1) whether Morningness was correlated with self-reported and behavioral measures of risk-taking, and (2) whether one night of sleep deprivation would produce changes in risk-taking and sensation-seeking. 54 healthy adults were administered the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire at intake, and administered the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale, Evaluation of Risks Scale, and Balloon Analog Risk Task at rested baseline, again following 23 hr. of sleep deprivation, and finally after a 12-hr. period of recovery sleep. Lower Morningness scores were associated with higher self-reported total risk-taking propensity when rested (p<.05) and sleep deprived (p<.005), but correlations were not significant for sensation seeking or actual risk-taking behavior. Relative to baseline and postrecovery periods, sleep deprivation significantly reduced risk-taking propensity, including self-report indices of self-control, danger-seeking, energy level, and sensation-seeking, and behaviorally measured risk-taking. Chronotype did not interact with sleep condition for any of the dependent variables, although Evening Types scored higher on several indices of risk-propensity. Findings suggest that Morningness traits are inversely related to greater risk-taking propensity, while sleep deprivation significantly reduces self-reported and behaviorally demonstrated willingness to engage in high-risk and sensational activities under conditions of uncertainty, regardless of chronotype. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM william.killgore@amedd.army.mil OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 NR 34 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 7 U2 28 PU AMMONS SCIENTIFIC, LTD PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807-9229 USA SN 0033-2941 J9 PSYCHOL REP JI Psychol. Rep. PD APR PY 2007 VL 100 IS 2 BP 613 EP 626 DI 10.2466/PRO.100.3.613-626 PG 14 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 173IN UT WOS:000246866800033 PM 17564238 ER PT J AU Jackson, JL Passamonti, M Kroenke, K AF Jackson, Jeffrey L. Passamonti, Mark Kroenke, Kurt TI Outcome and impact of mental disorders in primary care at 5 years SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE depression; anxiety; mental disorders; outcomes ID GENERAL-PRACTICE; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; MEDICAL INPATIENTS; ELDERLY PATIENTS; PANIC DISORDER; RECOGNITION; ANXIETY; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; DIAGNOSIS AB Objective: To assess 5-year mental disorder recognition rates and determine the natural history of mental disorders in primary care. Methods: A prospective cohort of adults presenting to a primary care walk-in clinic with a physical symptom were evaluated at baseline (n = 500) and at 5 years (n = 387) for mental disorders with the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD). Additional measures included functional status (Medical Outcomes Study SF-6; MOS-SF6), Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Satisfaction (Rand-9), unmet expectations, and symptom outcome. Patients self-reported whether their disorder was diagnosed or treated at the 5-year follow-up. Results: At baseline, 29% of patients had a mental disorder (major depression: 8.4%, minor depression 10.4%, Panic disorder 1.4%, generalized anxiety disorder 2%, anxiety not otherwise specified (NOS) 11.4%); of these patients, 26% had more than one mental disorder. Over 5 years, 33% were recognized. Threshold disorders were more likely to be recognized (major depression 56%, panic 100%, generalized anxiety disorder 88%) than subthreshold disorders (minor depression 20%, anxiety NOS 25%). Correlates of recognition included having a threshold or multiple disorders; recognition was associated with greater likelihood of persistence. Most patients with subthreshold disorders at baseline had no disorder at 5 years and few progressed to threshold disorders (minor to major depression 12%, anxiety NOS to generalized anxiety or panic 8%). Conclusions: Mental disorders are common and their recognition and treatment remain low. Subthreshold disorders have a better prognosis. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Gen Med Div, Dept Med, Ft Stewart, GA USA. Univ Indianapolis, Sch Med, Dept Med, Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Indianapolis, IN 46227 USA. RP Jackson, JL (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med EDP, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 66 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 69 IS 3 BP 270 EP 276 DI 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3180314b59 PG 7 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 165UJ UT WOS:000246331000008 PM 17401055 ER PT J AU Kahn-Greene, ET Killgore, DB Kamimori, GH Balkin, TJ Killgore, WDS AF Kahn-Greene, Ellen T. Killgore, Desiree B. Kamimori, Gary H. Balkin, Thomas J. Killgore, William D. S. TI The effects of sleep deprivation on symptoms of psychopathology in healthy adults SO SLEEP MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; psychopathology; PAI; depression; anxiety; personality ID COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MOOD DISORDERS; BLOOD-FLOW; 1ST-EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA; POSITIVE SYMPTOMS; 24 H; CAFFEINE AB Background: Sleep loss leads to temporary changes in mood and cognition, and is associated with reduced cerebral metabolism within the prefrontal cortex, similar to findings observed in some psychiatric disorders. However, the extent to which sleep deprivation may be associated with the emergence of clinical symptoms of psychopathology in healthy normal individuals is not clear. Methods: The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) was administered to 25 healthy adults at rested baseline and again after 56 h of continuous wakefulness. Results: Comparisons showed a significant global increase in PAI psychopathology scores from, baseline to sleep-deprived sessions, particularly for somatic complaints, anxiety, depression, and paranoia. Mean elevations for the clinical scales remained within normal limits, however. In contrast, sleep loss was not associated with significant changes in anxiety-related disorders, manic symptoms, borderline, schizophrenic, or antisocial features. Conclusions: Two nights without sleep may lead to a sub-clinical increase in self-reported affective symptoms of psychopathology while having little effect on symptoms of thought disorder, psychotic processes, or behavioral dysregulation. These data suggest that sleep loss may be differentially disruptive to regions of the brain involved in affective regulation and may, therefore, serve as a model for understanding the brain dysfunction associated with affective psychopathology. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM william.killgore@na.amedd.army.mil OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 NR 48 TC 98 Z9 106 U1 8 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9457 J9 SLEEP MED JI Sleep Med. PD APR PY 2007 VL 8 IS 3 BP 215 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.sleep.2006.08.007 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 165YG UT WOS:000246343100005 PM 17368979 ER PT J AU Beall, JW Mahan, EF Blau, AB AF Beall, Jennifer W. Mahan, Edward F., III Blau, Andrea B. TI Use of amiodarone in a patient with a shellfish allergy SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE amiodarone; shellfish; iodine; allergy ID FOOD ALLERGY AB A 65-year-old Caucasian male with a shellfish allergy developed atrial fibrillation and hypotension after coronary artery bypass and duodenal ulcer surgery. Following electrical cardioversion, oral amiodarone was continued chronically without an allergic reaction. There is a common misconception that a shellfish allergy correlates to an iodine allergy. There is little documentation of the association between an allergy to shellfish and an allergy to iodine. Food allergies can be subcategorized based on the involvement of IgE. Upon further investigation, it was discovered that shellfish allergies are not due to the iodine component, but rather, to a protein found in the shellfish. Amiodarone can be safely used in patients with shellfish allergies. A shellfish allergy does not necessarily imply an iodine allergy. C1 Samford Univ, McWhorter Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice, Birmingham, AL 35229 USA. Samford Univ, St Vincents Hosp, McWhorter Sch Pharm, Birmingham, AL 35229 USA. UAB Med W, Dept Cardiol, Birmingham, AL USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Beall, JW (reprint author), Samford Univ, McWhorter Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice, 800 Lakeshore Dr, Birmingham, AL 35229 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD APR PY 2007 VL 100 IS 4 BP 405 EP 406 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 172AX UT WOS:000246777600017 PM 17458403 ER PT J AU Lehman, RA Lenke, LG AF Lehman, Ronald A., Jr. Lenke, Lawrence G. TI Long-segment fusion of the thoracolumbar spine in conjunction with a motion-preserving artificial disc replacement - Case report and review of the literature SO SPINE LA English Estonian DT Review DE artificial disc replacement; long-segment fusion; disc arthroplasty; deformity ID MINIMUM FOLLOW-UP; SCOLIOSIS FUSIONS; ADULT SCOLIOSIS; SACRUM; DEFORMITY; L5-S1; COMPLICATIONS; ARTHROPLASTY; ARTHRODESIS; FIXATION AB Study Design. Case report. Objective. We reviewed the case of a 44-year-old woman who underwent long-segment fusion and an artificial disc replacement. Summary of Background Data. There have been many reported advantages and disadvantages of stopping the fusion at L5, with the theoretical benefits being preserved motion, shorter operative time, allowing the remaining disc to compensate for curve correction cephalad in the lumbar spine, and a decreased likelihood for the development of a pseudarthrosis at that distal level. Methods. As the issue of the fate of the L5-S1 motion segment continues to be debated, we present the case of a medium-segment thoracolumbar fusion carried down to the L4 stable vertebra, an intervening healthy L4-L5 disc space, with the placement of an artificial disc arthroplasty at the L5-S1 level for a degenerative and discographically positive pain generator. Results. At 2-year follow-up, her L5-S1 artificial disc replacement level shows 11 degrees range of motion and consolidated fusion from T12 to L4 with complete resolution of her axial back pain. Her T12-L4 construct is stable, and the L4-L5 level is unaffected at the latest follow-up. Her clinical outcome has been excellent with her return to a very active lifestyle. Conclusion. Artificial disc replacement below a long-segment fusion is a viable alternative to performing fusion to additional motion segments. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lenke, LG (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 1 Barnes Jewish Hosp Plaza,Suite 11300 W Pavil, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM lenkel@wustl.edu NR 26 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 32 IS 7 BP E240 EP E245 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000259211.22036.2a PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 153XC UT WOS:000245470100029 PM 17414900 ER PT J AU Teyhen, DS Flynn, TW Childs, JD Kuklo, TR Rosner, MK Polly, DW Abraham, LD AF Teyhen, Deydre S. Flynn, Timothy W. Childs, John D. Kuklo, Timothy R. Rosner, Michael K. Polly, David W. Abraham, Lawrence D. TI Fluoroscopic video to identify aberrant lumbar motion SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; fluoroscopy; receiver operator characteristic curves ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; CLINICAL-PREDICTION RULE; DIGITAL VIDEOFLUOROSCOPIC TECHNIQUE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PELVIC GIRDLE PAIN; FLEXION-EXTENSION; SEGMENTAL MOTION; SAGITTAL PLANE; ROENTGENOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALS AB Study Design. A prospective, case-control design. Objectives. To develop a kinematic model that characterizes frequently observed movement patterns in patients with low back pain (LBP). Summary of Background Data. Understanding arthrokinematics of lumbar motion in those with LBP may provide further understanding of this condition. Methods. Digital fluoroscopic video (DFV) was used to quantify the magnitude and rate of attainment of sagittal plane intersegmental angular and linear displacement from 20 individuals with LBP and 20 healthy control subjects during lumbar flexion and extension. Three fellowship-trained spine surgeons subsequently qualitatively analyzed the DFVs to determine normality of movement. Final classification was based on agreement between their symptom and motion status (11 with LBP and aberrant motion and 14 healthy controls without aberrant motion). Independent t tests, receiver operator characteristic curves, and accuracy statistics were calculated to determine the most parsimonious set of kinematic variables able to distinguish patients with LBP. Results. Eight kinematic variables had a positive likelihood ratio >= 2.5 and entered the model. Six of the variables described a disruption in the rate of attainment of angular or linear displacement during midrange postures. When 4 or more of these variables were present, the positive likelihood ratio was 14.0 ( confidence interval 3.2-78.5), resulting in accurately identifying 96% of participants. Conclusions. DFV was useful for discriminating between individuals with and without LBP based on kinematic parameters. Disruptions in how the motion occurred during midrange motions were more diagnostic for LBP than range of motion variables. Cross validation of the model is required. C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Movement Sci Program, Austin, TX 78712 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, Spine Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Regis Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, Denver, CO USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Defense Spinal Cord & Column Injury Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Minnesota, Twin Cities Spine Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Teyhen, DS (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Room 1303,3151 Scott Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Deydre.teyhen@us.army.mil NR 59 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD APR 1 PY 2007 VL 32 IS 7 BP E220 EP E229 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000259206.38946.cb PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 153XC UT WOS:000245470100026 PM 17414897 ER PT J AU Scheid, P Lam, DM Thommes, A Zoller, L AF Scheid, Patrick Lam, David M. Thoemmes, Alois Zoeller, Lothar TI Telemicrobiology: A novel telemedicine capability for mission support in the field of infectious medicine SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Infectious diseases are among the most common medical. conditions suffered by soldiers while serving in missions away from their home countries. The diagnosis of these diseases requires special procedures and expertise, both of which are provided by field microbiological laboratories. In order to support the diagnostic process by means of telemedicine, a modification of the standard German Armed Forces telemedicine workstation was devised. A telemicrobiology module with special equipment, camera, and software has been designed and validated. This module, currently in use in two operational military theaters, has stood the test in routine practice. It allows the transmission of high-quality static images of microscopic specimens or overgrown nutrient media in a matter of seconds. The inclusion of experts in diagnostic analysis through the use of telemedicine improves diagnostic specificity by avoiding false positive results and, particularly in medical parasitology, allows a treatment-essential diagnosis without the dispatch of specimens to Germany. The recently designed telemicrobiology module has been proven, and is now deployed, providing a higher level of field diagnostic support than previously possible. C1 USA, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Natl Study Ctr Trauma & EMS, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Bundeswehr Med Serv, Cent Inst, Koblenz, Germany. Mil Med & Hlth Agcy Bundeswehr, Munich, Germany. RP Lam, DM (reprint author), USA, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Lam@TATRC.ORG NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD APR PY 2007 VL 13 IS 2 BP 108 EP 117 DI 10.1089/tmj.2007.0043 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 165JO UT WOS:000246302000020 PM 17489697 ER PT J AU Thomas, BC Martin, JE AF Thomas, Blaine C. Martin, Jonathan E. TI A synoptic climatology and composite analysis of the Alberta clipper SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING LA English DT Article ID GEOSTROPHIC VERTICAL MOTIONS; MOUNTAIN LEE CYCLOGENESIS; MID-ATLANTIC COAST; UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; GREAT-LAKES; COLD-FRONT; SEA-LEVEL AB Surface and upper-air analyses from the ECMWF Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere ( TOGA) dataset are used to construct a climatology of 177 Alberta clippers over 15 boreal cold seasons ( October-March) from 1986/87 to 2000/01. The Alberta clipper ( hereafter simply clipper) occurs most frequently during December and January and substantially less frequently during October and March. These cyclones generally move southeastward from the lee of the Canadian Rockies toward or just north of Lake Superior before progressing eastward into southeastern Canada or the northeastern United States, with less than 10% of the cases in the climatology tracking south of the Great Lakes. Characteristics of the structure and evolution of clippers during a 36-h period leading up to departure of the cyclone from the lee of the Canadian Rockies and a 60-h period after departure as the cyclone traverses central and eastern North America are examined through composite analyses. Over the course of the predeparture period, a cyclone over the Gulf of Alaska approaches the west coast of North America, and through its interaction with the mountainous terrain of western North America spawns a surface lee trough, characterized by a thermal ridge at 850 hPa, to the east of the Canadian Rockies. This thermal ridge dampens considerably as the composite clipper moves into central North America away from the immediate lee of the Canadian Rockies. The composite clipper system evolves from a lee cyclone with its nonclassical thermal structure to a more classically structured midlatitude cyclone as it moves through central and eastern North America largely as a result of rotation of the low-level thermal gradient and the increasing westward tilt with height of the composite clipper over the last 36 h of the postdeparture period. The thermal gradient rotation is dynamically linked to convergence of the along-isentrope component of the Q vector and thus to the ascent that sustains the clipper and creates some of its characteristic sensible weather elements. Such dynamical forcing is a direct consequence of the persistent westward displacement of the 500-hPa vorticity maximum with respect to the composite clipper sea level pressure minimum that characterizes the postdeparture period. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USA, Meteorol Branch, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Martin, JE (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jemarti1@wisc.edu NR 57 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0882-8156 J9 WEATHER FORECAST JI Weather Forecast. PD APR PY 2007 VL 22 IS 2 BP 315 EP 333 DI 10.1175/WAF982.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 160DR UT WOS:000245921100007 ER PT J AU U'Ren, JM Schupp, JM Pearson, T Hornstra, H Friedman, CLC Smith, KL Daugherty, RRL Rhoton, SD Leadem, B Georgia, S Cardon, M Huynh, LY DeShazer, D Harvey, SP Robison, R Gal, D Mayo, MJ Wagner, D Currie, BJ Keim, P AF U'Ren, Jana M. Schupp, James M. Pearson, Talima Hornstra, Heidie Friedman, Christine L. Clark Smith, Kimothy L. Daugherty, Rebecca R. Leadem Rhoton, Shane D. Leadem, Ben Georgia, Shalamar Cardon, Michelle Huynh, Lynn Y. DeShazer, David Harvey, Steven P. Robison, Richard Gal, Daniel Mayo, Mark J. Wagner, David Currie, Bart J. Keim, Paul TI Tandem repeat regions within the Burkholderia pseudomallei genome and their application for high resolution genotyping SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT SEQUENCE REPEATS; PSEUDOMONAS-PSEUDOMALLEI; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; GENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; YERSINIA-PESTIS; DNA-SEQUENCES; MELIOIDOSIS; NUMBER AB Background: The facultative, intracellular bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a serious infectious disease of humans and animals. We identified and categorized tandem repeat arrays and their distribution throughout the genome of B. pseudomallei strain K96243 in order to develop a genetic typing method for B. pseudomallei. We then screened 104 of the potentially polymorphic loci across a diverse panel of 31 isolates including B. pseudomallei, B. mallei and B. thailandensis in order to identify loci with varying degrees of polymorphism. A subset of these tandem repeat arrays were subsequently developed into a multiple-locus VNTR analysis to examine 66 B. pseudomallei and 21 B. mallei isolates from around the world, as well as 95 lineages from a serial transfer experiment encompassing similar to 18,000 generations. Results: B. pseudomallei contains a preponderance of tandem repeat loci throughout its genome, many of which are duplicated elsewhere in the genome. The majority of these loci are composed of repeat motif lengths of 6 to 9 bp with 4 to 10 repeat units and are predominately located in intergenic regions of the genome. Across geographically diverse B. pseudomallei and B. mallei isolates, the 32 VNTR loci displayed between 7 and 28 alleles, with Nei's diversity values ranging from 0.47 and 0.94. Mutation rates for these loci are comparable (> 10(-5) per locus per generation) to that of the most diverse tandemly repeated regions found in other less diverse bacteria. Conclusion: The frequency, location and duplicate nature of tandemly repeated regions within the B. pseudomallei genome indicate that these tandem repeat regions may play a role in generating and maintaining adaptive genomic variation. Multiple-locus VNTR analysis revealed extensive diversity within the global isolate set containing B. pseudomallei and B. mallei, and it detected genotypic differences within clonal lineages of both species that were identical using previous typing methods. Given the health threat to humans and livestock and the potential for B. pseudomallei to be released intentionally, MLVA could prove to be an important tool for fine-scale epidemiological or forensic tracking of this increasingly important environmental pathogen. C1 No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Charles Darwin Univ, Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT, Australia. RP Keim, P (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM juren@email.arizona.edu; James.Schupp@nau.edu; Talima.Pearson@nau.edu; Heidie.Hornstra-ONeill@NAU.EDU; Christine.Clark@nau.edu; Kimothy.Smith@dhs.gov; r-leadem@northwestern.edu; sdry78@umkc.edu; brl28@dana.ucc.nau.edu; smg63@dana.ucc.nau.edu; mlc@janetoriolesupply.com; lyhuynh@emory.edu; david.deshazer@amedd.army.mil; steve.harvey@us.army.mil; Richard_Robison@byu.edu; Daniel.Gal@menzies.edu.au; Mark.Mayo@menzies.edu.au; David.Wagner@NAU.EDU; Bart.Currie@menzies.edu.au; Paul.Keim@nau.edu RI Wagner, David/A-5125-2010; Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010; OI Robison, Richard/0000-0002-4324-5169 NR 54 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD MAR 30 PY 2007 VL 7 AR 23 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-7-23 PG 20 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 158WR UT WOS:000245826500001 PM 17397553 ER PT J AU Li, SQ Locke, E Bruder, J Clarke, D Doolan, DL Havenga, MJE Hill, AVS Liljestrom, P Monath, TP Naim, HY Ockenhouse, C Tang, DCC Van Kampen, KR Viret, JF Zavala, F Dubovsky, F AF Li, Shengqiang Locke, Emily Bruder, Joseph Clarke, David Doolan, Denise L. Havenga, Menzo J. E. Hill, Adrian V. S. Liljestrom, Peter Monath, Thomas P. Naim, Hussein Y. Ockenhouse, Christian Tang, De-chu C. Van Kampen, Kent R. Viret, Jean-Francois Zavala, Fidel Dubovsky, Filip TI Viral vectors for malaria vaccine development SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE viral-vectored malaria vaccines; viral-vectored technologies; malaria vaccines; DNA vaccines ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; MEDIATED PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PRIME-BOOST REGIMENS; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; CD8(+) T-CELLS; RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUS; MEASLES-VACCINE; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN AB A workshop on viral vectors for malaria vaccine development, organized by the PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, was held in Bethesda, MID on October 20, 2005. Recent advancements in viral-vectored malaria vaccine development and emerging vector technologies were presented and discussed. Classic viral vectors such as poxvirus, adenovirus and alphavirus vectors have been Successfully used to deliver malaria antigens. Some of the vaccine candidates have demonstrated their potential in inducing malaria-specific immunity in animal models and human trials. In addition. emerging viral-vector technologies, such as measles virus (MV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and yellow fever (YF) virus, may also be useful for malaria vaccine development. Studies in animal models suggest that each viral vector is unique in its ability to induce humoral and/or cellular immune responses. Those studies have also revealed that optimization of Plasmodium genes for mammalian expression is an important aspect of vaccine design. Codon-optimization, surface-trafficking, de-glycosylation and removal of toxic domains can lead to improved immunogenicity. Understanding the vector's ability to induce an immune response and the expression of malaria antigens in mammalian cells will be critical in designing the next generation of viral-vectored malaria vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiat, Bethesda, MD USA. GenVec, Gaithersburg, MD USA. Wyeth Res, New York, NY USA. Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. Crucell Holland BV, Leiden, Netherlands. Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. Karolinska Inst, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. Acambic Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. Etnavax, Bern, Switzerland. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Vaxin Inc, Birmingham, AL USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Li, SQ (reprint author), Off Publ Hlth Emergency Preparedness, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 330 Independence Ave SW,Room G640, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM sheng.li@hhs.gov RI HILL, Adrian/C-1306-2008; Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015; OI Liljestrom, Peter/0000-0002-2132-0981 NR 66 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 30 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 14 BP 2567 EP 2574 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.07.035 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 157PO UT WOS:000245732700005 PM 16914237 ER PT J AU Ling, GSF AF Ling, Geoffrey S. F. TI More heat to treat fever in subarachnoid hemorrhage? SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID BODY-TEMPERATURE; HYPERTHERMIA; GUIDELINES; ISCHEMIA; STROKE C1 USA, Med Corps, Uniformed Serv Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Ling, GSF (reprint author), USA, Med Corps, Uniformed Serv Hlth Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM gling@usuhs.mil NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAR 27 PY 2007 VL 68 IS 13 BP 973 EP 974 DI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000260456.53421.cd PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 150JF UT WOS:000245211600001 PM 17389298 ER PT J AU Ramachandrana, S Narayan, J Prater, JT AF Ramachandrana, S. Narayan, J. Prater, J. T. TI Magnetic properties of Ni-doped MgO diluted magnetic insulators SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS AB Magnesium oxide doped with Ni has been studied in two different forms: one in which the Ni ions are incorporated into the substitutional sites and the other in which Ni is present both in substitutional sites and in the form of metallic Ni precipitates embedded in the MgO matrix. Magnetic properties of these materials have been studied and correlated with the microstructural properties. There is a significant difference in the magnetic properties between the two forms. From these studies the authors envisage that a diluted magnetic insulator will be paramagnetic in the absence of intrinsic defects such as vacancies and interstitials. MgO is a good system to perform the present studies as it can be synthesized as a high quality crystal devoid of defects to a high degree. Moreover, the magnetic properties of the Ni precipitates can be used to compare the results when a diluted magnetic semiconductor material is not fully devoid of nanoclusters/precipitates and secondary phases. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, NSF, Ctr Adv Mat & Smart Struct, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Sci Mat, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Ramachandrana, S (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, NSF, Ctr Adv Mat & Smart Struct, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM sramach@unity.ncsu.edu RI Narayan, Jagdish/D-1874-2009 NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 26 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 13 AR 132511 DI 10.1063/1.2717574 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 151UU UT WOS:000245317100069 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG Greenland, P AF O'Malley, Patrick G. Greenland, Philip TI The promise of preventive interventions depends on robust health care delivery SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM patrick.omalley@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 26 PY 2007 VL 167 IS 6 BP 532 EP 532 DI 10.1001/archinte.167.6.532 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 149UQ UT WOS:000245172800001 PM 17389282 ER PT J AU Gu, ZF Januszkiewicz, AJ Atkin, TI Morthole, VI Coleman, GD AF Gu, Zengfa Januszkiewicz, Adolph J. Atkin, Thelda I. Morthole, Venee I. Coleman, Gary D. TI Lung edema caused by brief inhalation of high concentration nitrogen dioxide in awake rats SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gu, Zengfa; Januszkiewicz, Adolph J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Atkin, Thelda I.; Morthole, Venee I.; Coleman, Gary D.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM zengfa.gu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 25 PY 2007 VL 233 MA 867-INOR BP 97 EP 97 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V14GL UT WOS:000207722805087 ER PT J AU Nagarajan, S Tyagi, R Nagarajan, R Kumar, J Watterson, AC Bruno, F Samuelson, LA AF Nagarajan, Subhalakshmi Tyagi, Rahul Nagarajan, Ramaswamy Kumar, Jayant Watterson, Arthur C. Bruno, Ferdinando Samuelson, Lynne A. TI CELL 133-Biocatalytic modification of naturally occurring Iron porphyrin as a renewable catalyst SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nagarajan, Subhalakshmi] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Tyagi, Rahul; Watterson, Arthur C.] Univ Massachusetts, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Nagarajan, Ramaswamy] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plast Engn, Ctr Green Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Kumar, Jayant] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Bruno, Ferdinando; Samuelson, Lynne A.] USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, RDECOM, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM mailtosubha@yahoo.com; Rahul_Tyagi@uml.edu; ram@uml.edu; Jayant_Kumar@uml.edu; Arthur_Watterson@uml.edu; Ferdinand_Bruno@uml.edu; Lynne_Samuelson@uml.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 25 PY 2007 VL 233 MA 133-CELL BP 758 EP 758 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V14GL UT WOS:000207722800656 ER PT J AU Das, S Yilgor, I Yilgor, E Inci, B Tezgel, O Beyer, FL Wilkes, GL AF Das, Sudipto Yilgor, Iskender Yilgor, Emel Inci, Bora Tezgel, Ozgul Beyer, Frederick L. Wilkes, Garth L. TI Effect of soft segment molecular weight on the structure-property relationships of segmented non-chain extended polyureas based on single isocyanate molecules as hard segments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 233rd National Meeting of the Cellulose-and-Renewable-Materials-Division of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 25-29, 2007 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS), Cellulose & Renewable Mat Div C1 [Das, Sudipto] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Yilgor, Iskender; Yilgor, Emel; Inci, Bora; Tezgel, Ozgul] Koc Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34450 Istanbul, Turkey. [Beyer, Frederick L.] USA, AMSRL WM MA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Wilkes, Garth L.] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. EM sdas@vt.edu; iyilgor@ku.edu.tr; eyilgor@ku.edu.tr; flbeyer@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 25 PY 2007 VL 233 MA 118-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V14GO UT WOS:000207723100138 ER PT J AU Das, S Klinedinst, DB Yilgor, I Beyer, FL Toki, S Hsiao, BS Wilkes, GL AF Das, Sudipto Klinedinst, Derek B. Yilgor, Iskender Beyer, Frederick L. Toki, Shigeyuki Hsiao, Benjamin S. Wilkes, Garth L. TI Structure-property relationships of segmented polyurethanes and polyureas based on single isocyanate molecules as hard segments SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 233rd National Meeting of the Cellulose-and-Renewable-Materials-Division of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 25-29, 2007 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS), Cellulose & Renewable Mat Div C1 [Das, Sudipto; Klinedinst, Derek B.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Yilgor, Iskender] Koc Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34450 Istanbul, Turkey. [Beyer, Frederick L.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Toki, Shigeyuki; Hsiao, Benjamin S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM sdas@vt.edu; iyilgor@ku.edu.tr; bhsiao@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; gwilkes@vt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 25 PY 2007 VL 233 MA 123-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V14GO UT WOS:000207723100136 ER PT J AU Yilgor, I Yilgor, E Inci, B Tezgel, O Das, S Wilkes, GL Beyer, FL AF Yilgor, Iskender Yilgor, Emel Inci, Bora Tezgel, Ozgul Das, Sudipto Wilkes, Garth L. Beyer, Frederick L. TI Segmented polyurethane and polyurea copolymers with hard segments based on single diisocyanate molecules: Influence of diisocyanate chain symmetry on morphology and properties SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 233rd National Meeting of the Cellulose-and-Renewable-Materials-Division of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 25-29, 2007 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS), Cellulose & Renewable Mat Div C1 [Yilgor, Iskender; Yilgor, Emel; Inci, Bora; Tezgel, Ozgul] Koc Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34450 Istanbul, Turkey. [Das, Sudipto; Wilkes, Garth L.] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Beyer, Frederick L.] USA, Polymers Res Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM iyilgor@ku.edu.tr; eyilgor@ku.edu.tr; atezgel@ku.edu.tr; flbeyer@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 25 PY 2007 VL 233 MA 160-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V14GO UT WOS:000207723100074 ER PT J AU Day, JW Boesch, DF Clairain, EJ Kemp, GP Laska, SB Mitsch, WJ Orth, K Mashriqui, H Reed, DJ Shabman, L Simenstad, CA Streever, BJ Twilley, RR Watson, CC Wells, JT Whigham, DF AF Day, John W., Jr. Boesch, Donald F. Clairain, Ellis J. Kemp, G. Paul Laska, Shirley B. Mitsch, William J. Orth, Kenneth Mashriqui, Hassan Reed, Denise J. Shabman, Leonard Simenstad, Charles A. Streever, Bill J. Twilley, Robert R. Watson, Chester C. Wells, John T. Whigham, Dennis F. TI Restoration of the Mississippi Delta: Lessons from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita SO SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID LOUISIANA COAST; WETLAND LOSS; RIVER DELTA; LAND LOSS; VEGETATION; BASIN; PLAIN; USA; SEDIMENTATION; INTENSITY AB Hurricanes Katrina and Rita showed the vulnerability of coastal communities and how human activities that caused deterioration of the Mississippi Deltaic Plain (MDP) exacerbated this vulnerability. The MDP formed by dynamic interactions between river and coast at various temporal and spatial scales, and human activity has reduced these interactions at all scales. Restoration efforts aim to re-establish this dynamic interaction, with emphasis on reconnecting the river to the deltaic plain. Science must guide MDP restoration, which will provide insights into delta restoration elsewhere and generally into coasts facing climate change in times of resource scarcity. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Hurricane Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ New Orleans, Dept Sociol, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43202 USA. USA, Inst Water Resources, Corps Engineers, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ New Orleans, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98015 USA. BP Explorat Alaska, Anchorage, AK 99519 USA. Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Day, JW (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM johnday@lsu.edu OI Whigham, Dennis/0000-0003-1488-820X NR 57 TC 278 Z9 283 U1 38 U2 222 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 23 PY 2007 VL 315 IS 5819 BP 1679 EP 1684 DI 10.1126/science.1137030 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 148WA UT WOS:000245106900029 PM 17379799 ER PT J AU Zheng, LQ Rice, BM Thompson, DL AF Zheng, Lianqing Rice, Betsy M. Thompson, Donald L. TI Molecular dynamics simulations of the melting mechanisms of perfect and imperfect crystals of dimethylnitramine SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; FORCE-FIELDS; ACCURACY AB The melting mechanisms of perfect and imperfect crystalline dimethylnitramine have been studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The imperfect crystal was created by removing similar to 10% of the molecules from the center of the simulation cell. The density, diffusion coefficient, translational and orientational order parameters, and void size were calculated as functions of temperature and simulation time. Upon melting, the volume of the imperfect crystal slowly decreases with time due to the shrinkage of the void then suddenly decreases to a minimum value due to collapse of the structure around the void with concomitant diffusion of molecules into the void. The simulation cell volume then increases as the liquid nucleus formed at the void expands. The melting of perfect crystals must occur by a different mechanism. As the temperature of the perfect crystal reaches the maximum superheating temperature, there is an increase in the thermal motions of the molecules that result in the formation of liquid centers (characterized by translational order parameter consistent with the liquid phase) at random locations. The liquid centers rapidly grow, resulting in a complete transition to the liquid phase. The increases in orientational and translational freedom occur simultaneously in the imperfect crystal, and in the perfect crystal, orientational freedom significantly precedes translational freedom. C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Thompson, DL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM thompsondon@missouri.edu RI Zheng, Lianqing/B-4171-2008 NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 22 PY 2007 VL 111 IS 11 BP 2891 EP 2895 DI 10.1021/jp0667184 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 145WM UT WOS:000244896500017 PM 17388449 ER PT J AU Genovese, RF Benton, BJ Lee, EH Shippee, SJ Jakubowski, EM AF Genovese, Raymond F. Benton, Bernard J. Lee, Esther H. Shippee, Sara J. Jakubowski, E. Michael TI Behavioral and biochemical evaluation of sub-lethal inhalation exposure to VX in rats SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE VX; rats; nerve agent; cognition; memory; performance ID RADIAL ARM MAZE; CHEMICAL WARFARE; GUINEA-PIGS; SARIN; PHYSOSTIGMINE; SCOPOLAMINE; PROTECTION; TOXICITY; MEMORY; SOMAN AB We evaluated the effects of low-level inhalation exposures (whole body, 60 min duration) to the chemical warfare nerve agent VX (0.016, 0.15, 0.30 or 0.45 mg/m(3)) in rats. The range of concentrations was approximately equivalent to 0.02-0.62 times 1.0 LC50. Biochemical effects were assessed by evaluating blood acety1cholinesterase (AChE) activity and by a regeneration assay that quantified the amount of VX (as the G analog) present in blood. Behavioral effects were assessed using a variable-interval 56-s schedule of reinforcement (V156), in which rats were trained to press a lever to receive a food reward. V156 training was established before exposure and evaluations continued after exposure. Additionally, after exposure, acquisition and maintenance of an eight-ann radial maze (RAM) task was evaluated in which rats learned to locate the four arms of the maze that presented a single food pellet reward. Behavioral assessments were conducted over approximately 3 months following exposure. Transient miosis was observed following exposure to all concentrations of VX and exposures to the 0.45 mg/m(3) C concentration also produced mild and temporary signs of toxicity (i.e., slight tremor and ataxia) in some subjects. All concentrations of VX also inhibited circulating AChE and the highest concentration inhibited AChE activity to less than 10% of pre-exposure values. Regenerated VX-G was found in red blood cell (RBC) and plasma blood fractions. In this respect, more VX-G was seen in plasma than RBC. Only small disruptions were observed on the V156 or RAM following some VX exposures. In general, however, behavioral effects were minor and not clearly systematic. Taken together these results demonstrate that largely asymptomatic exposures to VX vapors in rats can produce substantial biochemical effects while having only minor performance effects on a previously learned behavioral task and on the acquisition of a new behavioral task. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Operat Toxicol Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Genovese, RF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Raymond.Genovese@US.Army.Mil NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD MAR 22 PY 2007 VL 232 IS 1-2 BP 109 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2006.12.015 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 152EZ UT WOS:000245345200011 PM 17234319 ER PT J AU Stankevich, D Istomina, L Shkuratov, Y Videen, G AF Stankevich, Dmitriy Istomina, Larissa Shkuratov, Yuriy Videen, Gorden TI Electromagnetic phase differences in the coherent backscattering enhancement mechanism for random media consisting of large nontransparent spheres SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE MEDIA; LIGHT AB Phase curves of intensity are calculated for light scattering in media randomly packed with large nontransparent spheres (x = 125), the surfaces of which reflect according to the Fresnel equations. We consider three values of refractive index: m = 0.73 + i5.93 (metal Al), 1.6 + i1.72 (metal Fe), and 1.5 + i0.1 (black glass). We use a Monte Carlo ray-tracing approach. Different kinds of electromagnetic phase differences of reciprocal trajectories are investigated for the second and third orders of scattering; the highest orders give comparatively small contributions due to the backward-scattering indicatrix of large nontransparent spheres. We find that the main electromagnetic phase difference between the direct and time-reversal (reciprocal) trajectories is the outer phase difference that depends only on the relative positions of the first and last points of the ray reflections and the phase angle. The inner phase difference is connected with the changing path length of the ray inside the medium. This depends on the particle size and the phase angle that is the angle between the source and receiver from the scatterer, i.e., 180 degrees minus the scattering angle. The inner phase difference can give oscillations in the phase curve consisting of second-order components if the medium consists of strictly monodisperse spheres. Usually the coherent backscattering enhancement is calculated ignoring the shadow-hiding effect. We show that accounting for the shadowing of the reciprocal trajectory is important for the formation of the backscattering effect. The third-order scattering surge is a superposition of wide and narrow opposition spikes that correspond to two different types of scattering trajectories, closed and opened ones. The first type is due to scattering by two particles; the second one corresponds to scattering by three particles. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 Kharkov VN Karazin Natl Univ, Astron Inst, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Radio Astron, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine. USA, AMSRL CI EM, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Stankevich, D (reprint author), Kharkov VN Karazin Natl Univ, Astron Inst, 35 Sumskaya St, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. EM stankevich@astron.knarkov.ua; gvideen@science.uva.nl NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 20 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 9 BP 1562 EP 1567 DI 10.1364/AO.46.001562 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 146PC UT WOS:000244945500025 PM 17334449 ER PT J AU Park, CK Zhang, ZW Xu, ZQ Kakirde, A Kang, K Chai, C Au, G Cristo, L AF Park, Chi-Kyun Zhang, Zhiwei Xu, Zhiqiang Kakirde, Archana Kang, Kenny Chai, Chul Au, George Cristo, Laura TI Variables study for the fast charging lithium ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE lithium; ion; battery; charge; rate ID CELL AB Cell components in lithium ion cells have been studied to check their effects to reduce the charge time. Factors including various separator thickness, tab width, LiPF6 concentration and solvent composition in electrolytes, cathode thickness, anode thickness and cathode active materials were studied. In addition, charge time of lithium ion cells was studied based on the charge voltage of cell. The most important variable in reducing the charge time of lithium ion cells was found to be the thickness of the cathode. The charge time of the lithium ion cells was reduced with thinner cathode. Other variables such as the separator thickness, LiPF6 concentration and solvent composition in electrolytes, anode thickness and charge voltage of lithium ion cells were also effective in reducing the charge time of the cells, but with fewer impacts. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SKC Powertech Inc, Mt Olive, NJ 07045 USA. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Park, CK (reprint author), SKC Powertech Inc, 850 Clark Dr, Mt Olive, NJ 07045 USA. EM ckpark12345@yahoo.com NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 20 PY 2007 VL 165 IS 2 BP 892 EP 896 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.12.057 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 152NQ UT WOS:000245369100053 ER PT J AU Chiang, CY Mello, CM Gu, JJ Silva, ECCM Van Vliet, KJ Belcher, AM AF Chiang, Chung-Yi Mello, Charlene M. Gu, Jiji Silva, Emilio C. C. M. Van Vliet, Krystyn J. Belcher, Angela M. TI Weaving genetically engineered functionality into mechanically robust virus fibers SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; SILK-BASED BIOMATERIALS; OPTICAL-FIBERS; NANOFIBERS; NANOWIRES; ENERGY; NANOSTRUCTURES; MINERALIZATION; NANOPARTICLES; ORGANIZATION AB Functionality-tunable fibers fabricated from the M13 virus are found to have mechanical toughness and strength comparable to synthetic homopolymer fibers. The desired functionality can be programmed by manipulating the virus genome (see figure and cover). The tunable functionalities and mechanical properties of the virus fibers show the promise of various applications. C1 USA, Macromol Sci Team, Dev & Engn Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. MIT, Div Biol Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Mello, CM (reprint author), USA, Macromol Sci Team, Dev & Engn Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Charlene.Mello@us.army.mil; krystyn@mit.edu; belcher@mit.edu NR 37 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD MAR 19 PY 2007 VL 19 IS 6 BP 826 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.200602262 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 152SM UT WOS:000245382100010 ER PT J AU Cochrane, CJ Lenahan, PM Lelis, AJ AF Cochrane, C. J. Lenahan, P. M. Lelis, A. J. TI Deep level defects which limit current gain in 4H SiC bipolar junction transistors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPIN-DEPENDENT RECOMBINATION; VACANCIES; CARBIDE AB The authors employ a very sensitive electrically detected electron spin resonance technique called spin dependent recombination to observe recombination centers in fully processed 4H SiC n-p-n bipolar junction transistors. Their measurements indicate that the observed dominating recombination defect in these transistors is an intrinsic center of high symmetry, most likely a vacancy. This defect likely plays a dominating role in limiting the current gain in these 4H SiC devices. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Cochrane, CJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM cjc203@psu.edu NR 17 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 19 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 12 AR 123501 DI 10.1063/1.2714285 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 149GS UT WOS:000245135800104 ER PT J AU Mishchenko, MI Liu, L Mackowski, DW Cairns, B Videen, G AF Mishchenko, Michael I. Liu, Li Mackowski, Daniel W. Cairns, Brian Videen, Gorden TI Multiple scattering by random particulate media: exact 3D results SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID DISCRETE RANDOM MEDIUM; WEAK-LOCALIZATION; COHERENT BACKSCATTERING; ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; AGGLOMERATE PARTICLES; CLASSICAL DIFFUSION; SIZE PARAMETERS; T-MATRIX; LIGHT; POLARIZATION AB We use the numerically exact superposition T-matrix method to perform extensive computations of electromagnetic scattering by a 3D volume filled with randomly distributed wavelength-sized particles. These computations are used to simulate and analyze the effect of randomness of particle positions as well as the onset and evolution of various multiple-scattering effects with increasing number of particles in a statistically homogeneous volume of discrete random medium. Our exact results illustrate and substantiate the methodology underlying the microphysical theories of radiative transfer and coherent backscattering. Furthermore, we show that even in densely packed media, the light multiply scattered along strings of widely separated particles still provides a significant contribution to the total scattered signal and thereby makes quite pronounced the classical radiative transfer and coherent backscattering effects. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. Auburn Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. USA, AMSRD, ARL, CI,EM,Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mishchenko, MI (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA. EM mmishchenko@giss.nasa.gov RI Mackowski, Daniel/K-1917-2013; Mishchenko, Michael/D-4426-2012; OI Cairns, Brian/0000-0002-1980-1022 NR 47 TC 84 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 12 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAR 19 PY 2007 VL 15 IS 6 BP 2822 EP 2836 DI 10.1364/OE.15.002822 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA 148LN UT WOS:000245076200008 PM 19532520 ER PT J AU Beck, Z Karasavvas, N Tong, J Matyas, GR Rao, M Alving, CR AF Beck, Zoltan Karasavvas, Nicos Tong, James Matyas, Gary R. Rao, Mangala Alving, Carl R. TI Calcium modulation of monoclonal antibody binding to phosphatidylinositol phosphate SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE phosphomositide; phosphatidylinositol phosphate; liposomes; calcium; HIV-1; 4E10; surface plasmon resonance; monoclonal antibodies; antibodies to phospholipids ID LIPOSOMES; SPECIFICITIES; RECOGNITION; HIV-1 AB The binding characteristics of two monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PIP) were examined: a murine IgM mAb to PIP; and a human IgG mAb (4E10) that binds both to HIV-1 envelope protein and also to neutral and anionic phospholipids, including PIP. Binding of each mAb to pure PIP was inhibited by Ca2+ as determined by ELISA. When studied by surface plasmon resonance, liposomes containing PIP could be stripped (i.e., removed) by either Ca2+ or phosphorylated haptens after binding of the liposomes to the murine anti-PIP antibody attached to a BIAcore chip. In contrast, the binding of liposomal PIP to 4E10 was irreversible and could not be stripped. We therefore conclude that Ca2+ and phosphate can modulate the initial binding of both types of antibodies to PIP. However, 4E10 binds to liposomal PIP in a two-stage process involving first Ca2+-modulated binding to the PIP polar head-group, followed by irreversible binding to liposomal hydrophobic groups. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 US Mil, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Alving, CR (reprint author), US Mil, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM calving@hivresearch.org OI Matyas, Gary/0000-0002-2074-2373 NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 16 PY 2007 VL 354 IS 3 BP 747 EP 751 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.01.033 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 137HS UT WOS:000244284300019 PM 17257584 ER PT J AU Risinger, JI Chandramouli, GVR Maxwell, GL Custer, M Pack, S Loukinov, D Aprelikova, O Litzi, T Schrump, DS Murphy, SK Berchuck, A Lobanenkov, V Barrett, JC AF Risinger, John Ian Chandramouli, Gadisetti V. R. Maxwell, G. Larry Custer, Mary Pack, Svetlana Loukinov, Dmitri Aprelikova, Olga Litzi, Tracy Schrump, David S. Murphy, Susan K. Berchuck, Andrew Lobanenkov, Victor Barrett, J. Carl TI Global expression analysis of cancer/testis genes in uterine cancers reveals a high incidence of BORIS expression SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMAS; TESTIS ANTIGENS; CTCF; FAMILY; IDENTIFICATION; GAMETOGENESIS; DEREPRESSION; EPIGENETICS; MICROARRAY; PROFILE AB Purpose: Cancer/testis (CT) genes predominantly expressed in the testis (germ cells) and generally not in other normal tissues are aberrantly expressed in human cancers. This highly restricted expression provides a unique opportunity to use these CT genes for diagnostics, immunotherapeutic, or other targeted therapies. The purpose of this study was to identify those CT genes with the greatest incidence of expression in uterine cancers. Experimental Design: We queried the expression of known and putative CT gene transcripts (representing 79 gene loci) using whole genome gene expression arrays. Specifically, the global gene expressions of uterine cancers (n = 122) and normal uteri (n = 10) were determined using expression data from the Affymetrix HG-U133A and HG-U133B chips. Additionally, we also examined the brother of the regulator of imprinted sites (BORIS) transcript by reverse transcription-PCR and quantitative PCR because its transcript was not represented on the array. Results: Global microarray analysis detected many CT genes expressed in various uterine cancers; however, no individual CT gene was expressed in more than 25% of all cancers. The expression of the two most commonly expressed CT genes on the arrays, MAGEA9 (24 of 122 cancers and 0 of 10 normal tissues) and Down syndrome critical region 8 (DSCR8)/IMMA1 (16 if 122 cancers and 0 of 10 normal tissues), was confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR methods, validating the array screening approach. In contrast to the relatively low incidence of expression of the other CT genes, BORIS expression was detected in 73 of 95 (77%) endometrial cancers and 24 of 31 (77%) uterine mixed mesodermal tumors. Conclusions: These data provide the first extensive survey of multiple CT genes in uterine cancers. Importantly, we detected a high frequency of BORIS expression in uterine cancers, suggesting its potential as an immunologic or diagnostic target for these cancers. Given the high incidence of BORIS expression and its possible regulatory role, an examination of BORIS function in the etiology of these cancers is warranted. C1 NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Durham, NC USA. Duke Univ, Duke Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Durham, NC USA. RP Risinger, JI (reprint author), Mem Hlth Univ Med Ctr, Curtis & Elizabeth Anderson Canc Inst, 4700 Waters Ave, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. EM risinJo1@memorialhealth.com RI Pack, Svetlana/C-2020-2014; OI Lobanenkov, Victor/0000-0001-6665-3635; Murphy, Susan/0000-0001-8298-7272 FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 28 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD MAR 15 PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1713 EP 1719 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2569 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 147VV UT WOS:000245031800015 PM 17363524 ER PT J AU Johnson, LL Ylitalo, GM Sloan, CA Anulacion, BF Kagley, AN Arkoosh, MR Lundrigan, TA Larson, K Siipola, M Collier, TK AF Johnson, Lyndal L. Ylitalo, Gina M. Sloan, Catherine A. Anulacion, Bernadita F. Kagley, Anna N. Arkoosh, Mary R. Lundrigan, Tricia A. Larson, Kim Siipola, Mark Collier, Tracy K. TI Persistent organic pollutants in outmigrant juvenile chinook salmon from the Lower Columbia Estuary, USA SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE chinook salmon; Columbia River; PCBs; DDTs; PAHs ID STURGEON ACIPENSER-TRANSMONTANUS; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS PAHS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT; RAINBOW-TROUT; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY; CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS; WILLAMETTE RIVER; ATLANTIC CROAKER AB Although chemical contaminants are recognized as a potential factor contributing to the salmon declines in the Pacific Northwest, United States, information on contaminant concentrations in threatened and endangered salmon from the Columbia Estuary is limited. In this study we monitored exposure to several persistent organic pollutants [polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated bipheryls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and other organochlorine pesticides] in outmigrant juvenile fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) in the Lower Columbia River, and evaluated the potential for adverse effects on salmon and the estuarine food web. Contaminants were measured in whole bodies and stomach contents of subyearling to yearling chinook collected in 2001 and 2002 from sites near the confluence of the Columbia and Willamette Rivers, Longview, and within the lower Estuary. The contaminants detected at highest concentrations in salmon whole bodies were PCBs and DDTs. Average concentrations of PCBs in salmon from the sampling sites ranged from 1300 to 14,000 ng/g lipid, in some cases exceeding the recently estimated threshold for adverse health effects in juvenile salmonids of 2400 ng/g lipid. Average DDT concentrations ranged from 1800 to 27,000 ng/g lipid. These levels are among the highest measured in juvenile salmon from Pacific Northwest estuaries to date. Concentrations of PCBs and DDTs in salmon whole bodies showed no clear spatial gradient from the Willamette/Columbia Confluence to the mouth of the Columbia, but tended to be higher in larger fish and older fish, suggesting a correlation With estuarine residence time. PCBs, DDTs, and PAHs were all found in salmon stomach contents, indicating that prey is a source of exposure. Hatchery feed may have contributed to contaminant body burdens in those fish that were of hatchery origin. Contaminant body burdens in salmon were poorly correlated with contaminant concentrations previously measured in local bed sediments, suggesting that pelagic as well as benthic sources are important in determining salmon exposure. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Portland Dist Off, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Johnson, LL (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. EM Lyndal.L.Johnson@noaa.gov NR 118 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR 15 PY 2007 VL 374 IS 2-3 BP 342 EP 366 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.11.051 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 152LW UT WOS:000245364500015 PM 17306864 ER PT J AU Dmitriev, AE Kuklo, TR Lehman, RA Rosner, MK AF Dmitriev, Anton E. Kuklo, Timothy R. Lehman, Ronald A., Jr. Rosner, Michael K. TI Stabilizing potential of anterior, posterior, and circumferential fixation for multilevel cervical arthrodesis - An in vitro human cadaveric study of the operative and adjacent segment kinematics SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE cervical fusion; multilevel fixation; adjacent level kinematics; biomechanics ID SCREW FIXATION; SPONDYLOTIC MYELORADICULOPATHY; INTRADISCAL PRESSURE; DIFFERENT IMPLANTS; INTERBODY FUSION; PLATE FIXATION; SPINE; DISKECTOMY; CAGE; RECONSTRUCTION AB Study Design. This is an in vitro biomechanical study. Objective. The current investigation was performed to evaluate the stabilizing potential of anterior, posterior, and circumferential cervical fixation on operative and adjacent segment motion following 2 and 3-level reconstructions. Summary of Background Data. Previous studies reported increases in adjacent level range of motion (ROM) and intradiscal pressure following single-level cervical arthrodesis; however, no studies have compared adjacent level effects following multilevel anterior versus posterior reconstructions. Materials and Methods. Ten human cadaveric cervical spines were biomechanically tested using an unconstrained spine simulator under axial rotation, flexion-extension, and lateral bending loading. After intact analysis, all specimens were sequentially instrumented from C3 to C5 with: (1) lateral mass fixation, (2) anterior cervical plate with interbody cages, and (3) combined anterior and posterior fixation. Following biomechanical analysis of 2-level constructs, fixation was extended to C6 and testing repeated. Full ROM was monitored at the operative and adjacent levels, and data normalized to the intact (100%). Results. All reconstructive methods reduced operative level ROM relative to intact specimens under all loading methods (P < 0.05). However, circumferential fixation provided the greatest segmental stability among 2 and 3-level constructs (P < 0.05). Moreover, anterior cervical plate fixation was least efficient at stabilizing operative segments following C3 - C6 arthrodesis (P < 0.05). Supradjacent ROM was increased for all treatment groups compared to normal data during flexion-extension testing (P < 0.05). Similar trends were observed under axial rotation and lateral bending loading. At the distal level, flexion- extension and axial rotation testing revealed comparable intergroup differences (P < 0.05), while lateral bending loading indicated greater ROM following 2-level circumferential fixation (P < 0.05). Conclusions. Results from our study revealed greater adjacent level motion following all 3 fixation types. No consistent significant intergroup differences in neighboring segment kinematics were detected among reconstructions. Circumferential fixation provided the greatest level of segmental stability without additional significant increase in adjacent level ROM. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Spine Res Ctr, Spine Res Lab, Washington, DC 20012 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20012 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Neurosurg Serv, Washington, DC 20012 USA. RP Dmitriev, AE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Spine Res Ctr, Spine Res Lab, POB 59037, Washington, DC 20012 USA. EM AEDortho@gmail.com NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD MAR 15 PY 2007 VL 32 IS 6 BP E188 EP E196 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000257577.70576.07 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 153MJ UT WOS:000245439300023 PM 17413459 ER PT J AU Ziegler, K Noble, SM Mutumanje, E Bishop, B Huddler, DP Born, TL AF Ziegler, Katharine Noble, Schroeder M. Mutumanje, Elissa Bishop, Barney Huddler, Donald P. Born, Timothy L. TI Identification of catalytic cysteine, histidine, and lysine residues in Escherichia coli homoserine transsuccinylase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; ACTIVE-SITE; TRANS-SUCCINYLASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; META GENE; MECHANISM; SYNTHASE; PROTEIN; ENZYME; TRIAD AB Homoserine transsuccinylase catalyzes the succinylation of homoserine in several bacterial species, the first unique step in methionine biosynthesis in these organisms. The enzyme from Escherichia coli is reported to be a dimer and uses a ping-pong catalytic mechanism involving transfer of succinate from succinyl-CoA to an enzyme nucleophile, followed by transfer to homoserine to form O-succinylhomoserine. Site-directed mutagenesis and steady-state kinetics were used to identify three amino acids that participate in catalysis. Mutation of cysteine-142 to serine or alanine eliminated all measurable activity, suggesting this amino acid acts as the catalytic nucleophile. Cysteine nucleophiles are often deprotonated by histidine residues, and histidine-235 was identified as the sole absolutely conserved histidine residue among family members. This residue was mutated to both alanine and asparagine, and no activity was observed with either mutant. Lysine-47 had been previously identified as an essential residue. Mutation of this amino acid to arginine reduced catalytic activity by greater than 90%, while mutation to alanine yielded an enzyme with < 1% of wild-type activity. A pH-rate profile of the K47R mutant demonstrated that this amino acid participates in the first half reaction. The data presented here provide the first detailed description of the homoserine transsuccinylase active site and provide a framework for additional mechanistic characterization of this enzyme. C1 George Mason Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Born, TL (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, 10900 Univ Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. EM tborn@gmu.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM064513] NR 37 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 13 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 10 BP 2674 EP 2683 DI 10.1021/bi0620252 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 142LA UT WOS:000244650100012 PM 17302437 ER PT J AU Wei, SK Ruknudin, AM Shou, M McCurley, JM Hanlon, SU Elgin, E Schulze, DH Haigney, MCP AF Wei, Shao-kui Ruknudin, Abdul M. Shou, Matie McCurley, John M. Hanlon, Stephen U. Elgin, Eric Schulze, Dan H. Haigney, Mark C. P. TI Muscarinic modulation of the sodium-calcium exchanger in heart failure SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE calcium; electrophysiology; heart failure; receptors, adrenergic, beta; sodium ID BETA-ADRENERGIC RESPONSIVENESS; TACHYCARDIA-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY; PIG VENTRICULAR MYOCYTES; DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; GUINEA-PIG; RYANODINE RECEPTOR; NA+-CA2+ EXCHANGER; NA+/CA2+ EXCHANGE; XENOPUS-OOCYTES AB Background - The Na-Ca exchanger (NCX) is a critical calcium efflux pathway in excitable cells, but little is known regarding its autonomic regulation. Methods and Results - We investigated beta-adrenergic receptor and muscarinic receptor regulation of the cardiac NCX in control and heart failure (HF) conditions in atrially paced pigs. NCX current in myocytes from control swine hearts was significantly increased by isoproterenol, and this response was reversed by concurrent muscarinic receptor stimulation with the addition of carbachol, demonstrating "accentuated antagonism." Okadaic acid eliminated the inhibitory effect of carbachol on isoproterenol-stimulated NCX current, indicating that muscarinic receptor regulation operates via protein phosphatase induced dephosphorylation. However, in myocytes from atrially paced tachycardia-induced HF pigs, the NCX current was significantly larger at baseline but less responsive to isoproterenol compared with controls, whereas carbachol failed to inhibit isoproterenol-stimulated NCX current, and 8-Br-cGMP did not restore muscarinic responsiveness. Protein phosphatase type 1 dialysis significantly reduced NCX current in failing but not control cells, consistent with NCX hyperphosphorylation in HF. Protein phosphatase type 1 levels associated with NCX were significantly depressed in HF pigs compared with control, and total phosphatase activity associated with NCX was significantly decreased. Conclusions - We conclude that the NCX is autonomically modulated, but HF reduces the level and activity of associated phosphatases; defective dephosphorylation then "locks" the exchanger in a highly active state. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NIA, Gerontol Res Ctr, Cardiovasc Sci Lab, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Haigney, MCP (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM MCPH@aol.com FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL62521]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-020823] NR 45 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 13 PY 2007 VL 115 IS 10 BP 1225 EP 1233 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.650416 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 145KQ UT WOS:000244864100011 PM 17339552 ER PT J AU Pellegrino, JG Qadri, SB Mahadik, NA Rao, MV Tseng, WF Thurber, R Gajewski, D Guyer, J AF Pellegrino, Joseph G. Qadri, Syed B. Mahadik, Nadeemullah A. Rao, Mulpuri V. Tseng, Wen F. Thurber, Robert Gajewski, Donald Guyer, Jonathan TI Thermal instability and the growth of the InGaAs/AlGaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor system SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENT AB The effects of temperature overshoot during molecular beam epitaxy growth on the transport properties of conventionally and delta-doped pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) structures have been examined. A diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS)-controlled versus a thermocouple (TC)-controlled, growth scheme is compared. Several advantages of the DRS-grown pHEMTs over the TC-controlled version were observed. Modest improvements in mobility, on the order of 2%-3%, were observed in addition to a 20% reduction in carrier freeze-out for the DRS-grown pHEMTs at 77 K. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Night Vis Lab, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Pellegrino, JG (reprint author), USA, Night Vis Lab, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM qadri@anvil.nrl.navy.mil RI Mahadik, Nadeemullah/C-8551-2009; Guyer, Jonathan/M-5165-2016 OI Guyer, Jonathan/0000-0002-1407-6589 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 12 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 11 AR 113504 DI 10.1063/1.2713165 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 146UC UT WOS:000244959200097 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA Schenker, S Cusi, K AF Harrison, Stephen A. Schenker, Steven Cusi, Kenneth TI Pioglitazone in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis - Reply SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM cusi@uthscsa.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 8 PY 2007 VL 356 IS 10 BP 1068 EP 1069 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 143DC UT WOS:000244699200017 ER PT J AU Ranallo, RT Thakkar, S Chen, Q Venkatesan, MM AF Ranallo, Ryan T. Thakkar, Sejal Chen, Qing Venkatesan, Malabi M. TI Immunogenicity and characterization of WRSF2G11: A second generation live attenuated Shigella flexneri 2a vaccine strain SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE vaccine; Shigella; live; bacteria ID ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SHE PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; IN-VITRO; DYSENTERIAE TYPE-1; VIRULENCE PLASMID; SONNEI INFECTION; HEALTHY-ADULTS; VIRG PROTEIN; VOLUNTEERS AB Recent clinical trials involving live attenuated Shigella vaccine strains SC602 and WRSS1 have revealed that deletion of the virG(icsA) gene dramatically reduces virulence in human volunteers. These strains can be given at low oral doses and induce a strong, and in some cases. protective immune responses. However, residual vaccine associated reactogenicity suggests that further attenuation is required. A recent clinical trial indicated that the set and sen enterotoxin genes contribute to the symptoms of fever and diarrhea observed with live Shigella vaccine strains. Based on these findings, a Shigella flexneri 2a vaccine candidate, WRSf2G11, with deletions in the virG(icsA), set and Sell genes has been constructed using the lambda red recombinase system. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of WRSf2G11 compares favorably with SC602 following either intranasal (IN) or ocular (OC) immunization of guinea pigs. Taken together, these data indicate that second generation virG-based Shigella vaccine strains which lack enterotoxin genes, such as WRSf2G11, will likely show lower levels of reactogenicity without hampering the robust immune responses achieved with previous live vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Venkatesan, MM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Malabi.Venkatesan@na.amedd.army.mil NR 64 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 8 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 12 BP 2269 EP 2278 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.11.067 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 146HN UT WOS:000244925200013 PM 17229494 ER PT J AU Christian-Pandya, HK Niazimbetova, ZI Beyer, FL Galvin, ME AF Christian-Pandya, Hermona K. Niazimbetova, Zukhra I. Beyer, Frederick L. Galvin, Mary E. TI Role of symmetry and charge delocalization in two-dimensional conjugated molecules for optoelectronic applications SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; INTERCHAIN INTERACTIONS; PHENYLENEVINYLENE OLIGOMERS; FILM MORPHOLOGY; RECENT PROGRESS; SOLAR-CELLS; POLYMERS; DEVICES; MOBILITY; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE AB Three novel conjugated phenylenevinylene (PV)-based isomers containing oxadiazole moieties have been synthesized and characterized for optoelectronic applications. These molecules are tetra-substituted at the central phenyl ring with two poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV)-based arms and two oxadiazole-derivatized PPV (OXAPPV) arms. In the three molecules, termed p-, o-, and m-OXA-X, the OXAPPV arms are positioned in a para, ortho, or meta position, respectively, in relation to each other. Comparing these molecules, we explore the role of symmetry and charge delocalization in this class of compounds. Despite having different linear segments, they have nearly identical photophysical properties, suggesting a similar charge delocalization mechanism. However, in a LED with the molecules as emissive layers between aluminum and ITO electrodes and with PEDOT:PSS and lithium fluoride to aid in hole and electron injection, respectively, o-OXA-X exhibited the highest external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 0.46% compared to analogous devices made of p-OXA-X and m-OXA-X that showed efficiencies of 0.28% and 0.10%, respectively. We explain these differences based on the changes in the film morphology between the three molecules. Also reported are data from cyclic voltammetry and morphological data from atomic force microscopy, NMR studies, thermal characterization, and X-ray diffraction studies. C1 Air Prod & Chem Inc, Allentown, PA 18195 USA. USA, Res Lab, Polymer Res Branch, Washington, DC 20015 USA. Rohm & Haas Co, Elect Mat, Marlborough, MA 01752 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Galvin, ME (reprint author), Air Prod & Chem Inc, 7201 Hamilton Blvd, Allentown, PA 18195 USA. EM galvinme@airproducts.com NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAR 6 PY 2007 VL 19 IS 5 BP 993 EP 1001 DI 10.1021/cm060524j PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 139YC UT WOS:000244467800010 ER PT J AU Perovich, DK Nghiem, SV Markus, T Schweiger, A AF Perovich, Donald K. Nghiem, Son V. Markus, Thorsten Schweiger, Axel TI Seasonal evolution and interannual variability of the local solar energy absorbed by the Arctic sea ice-ocean system SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID POLARIMETRIC SIGNATURES; SURFACE CONDITIONS; ALBEDO; COVER; SATELLITE; SUMMER; BUDGET; SHEBA; FLUX; PARAMETERIZATIONS AB The melt season of the Arctic sea ice cover is greatly affected by the partitioning of the incident solar radiation between reflection to the atmosphere and absorption in the ice and ocean. This partitioning exhibits a strong seasonal cycle and significant interannual variability. Data in the period 1998, 2000-2004 were analyzed in this study. Observations made during the 1997-1998 SHEBA (Surface HEat Budget of the Arctic Ocean) field experiment showed a strong seasonal dependence of the partitioning, dominated by a five-phase albedo evolution. QuikSCAT scatterometer data from the SHEBA region in 1999-2004 were used to further investigate solar partitioning in summer. The time series of scatterometer data were used to determine the onset of melt and the beginning of freezeup. This information was combined with SSM/I-derived ice concentration, TOVS-based estimates of incident solar irradiance, and SHEBA results to estimate the amount of solar energy absorbed in the ice-ocean system for these years. The average total solar energy absorbed in the ice-ocean system from April through September was 900 MJ m(-2). There was considerable interannual variability, with a range of 826 to 1044 MJ m(-2). The total amount of solar energy absorbed by the ice and ocean was strongly related to the date of melt onset, but only weakly related to the total duration of the melt season or the onset of freezeup. The timing of melt onset is significant because the incident solar energy is large and a change at this time propagates through the entire melt season, affecting the albedo every day throughout melt and freezeup. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. Polar Sci Ctr, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Perovich, DK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM donald.k.perovich@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Markus, Thorsten/D-5365-2012 NR 45 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 6 PY 2007 VL 112 IS C3 AR C03005 DI 10.1029/2006JC003558 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA 145XP UT WOS:000244899400002 ER PT J AU Rand, ER Lamb, PB Rubal, BJ Lee, JC AF Rand, Elden R. Lamb, Paul B. Rubal, Bernie J. Lee, Joseph C. TI Optimizing use of telemetry resources in an academic medical center SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 24-27, 2007 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 6 PY 2007 VL 49 IS 9 SU A BP 290A EP 290A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 142LQ UT WOS:000244651802069 ER PT J AU Rand, ER Lee, JC Lappan, CM Furgerson, JL AF Rand, Elden R. Lee, Joseph C. Lappan, Charles M. Furgerson, James L. TI Paging the worldwide cardiology consultant: The Army Knowledge Online Telemedicine Consultation Program in cardiology SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 24-27, 2007 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 6 PY 2007 VL 49 IS 9 SU A BP 297A EP 297A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 142LQ UT WOS:000244651802095 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Wu, HY Bindeman, J Byrd, C Bauer, K O'Malley, PG AF Taylor, Allen J. Wu, Hongyan Bindeman, Jody Byrd, Carole Bauer, Kelly O'Malley, Patrick G. TI Does metabolic syndrome predict progression of calcified coronary atherosclerosis? the relationship between the 'Metabolic score' and coronary artery calcium progression SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology CY MAR 24-27, 2007 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Cardiol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 6 PY 2007 VL 49 IS 9 SU A BP 397A EP 397A PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 142LQ UT WOS:000244651802515 ER PT J AU Dedeian, K Shi, JM Forsythe, E Morton, DC Zavalij, PY AF Dedeian, Kenneth Shi, Jianmin Forsythe, Eric Morton, David C. Zavalij, Peter Y. TI Blue phosphorescence from mixed cyano-isocyanide cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ORTHO-METALATED COMPLEXES; EXCITED-STATE PROPERTIES; LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICES; IR(III) COMPLEXES; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; EFFICIENT; ELECTROPHOSPHORESCENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; LIGANDS AB The synthesis, structure, and photophysical and electrochemical properties of cyclometalated iridium complexes with ancillary cyano and isocyanide ligands are described. In the first synthetic step, cleavage of dichloro-bridged dimers [Ir(N(boolean AND)C)(2)(mu-Cl)](2) (N(boolean AND)C = 2-phenylpyridine, 2-(2-fluorophenyl)pyridine, and 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine) by isocyanide ligands gave monomeric species of the types Ir(N(boolean AND)C)(2)(RNC)(Cl) (RNC = t-butyl isocyanide, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl isocyanide, 2-morpholinoethyl isocyanide, and 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide). In turn, the chloride was replaced by cyanide giving Ir(N(boolean AND)C)(2)(RNC)(CN). The X-ray structures for two of the complexes show that the trans-pyridyl/cis-phenyl geometry of the parent dimer is preserved, with the ancillary ligands positioned trans to the cyclometalated phenyls. The cyano complexes all display strong blue photoluminescence in ambient, deoxygenated solutions with the first lambda(max) ranging from 441 to 458 nm, quantum yields spanning 0.60 to 0.75, and luminescent lifetimes of 12.0-21.4 mu s. A lack of solvatochromism and highly structured emission indicate that the lowest energy excited state is triplet ligand centered with some admixture of singlet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer character. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Dedeian, K (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kenneth.dedeian@devalcol.edu RI Zavalij, Peter/H-3817-2012 OI Zavalij, Peter/0000-0001-5762-3469 NR 46 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD MAR 5 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 5 BP 1603 EP 1611 DI 10.1021/ic061513v PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 139GM UT WOS:000244420300020 PM 17319733 ER PT J AU Tangteerawatana, P Pichyangkul, S Hayano, M Kalambaheti, T Looareesuwan, S Troye-Blomberg, M Khusmith, S AF Tangteerawatana, Piyatida Pichyangkul, Sathit Hayano, Masashi Kalambaheti, Thareerat Looareesuwan, Somehai Troye-Blomberg, Marita Khusmith, Srisin TI Relative levels of IL4 and IFN-gamma in complicated malaria: Association with IL4 polymorphism and peripheral parasiternia SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE IL4; IFN-gamma; inflammatory cytokine; IL4 polymorphism; P. falciparum; severity ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; HUMAN HEPATOCYTES; PRIMARY CULTURE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; INTERLEUKIN-4; CYTOKINES; CELLS; PROTECTION; INFECTION; ALPHA AB Functional IL4-590 C/T polymorphisms and the relative amounts of IL4 and IFN-gamma were investigated in relation to severity of malaria in 110 and 169 Thai patients with complicated and uncomplicated malaria, respectively. The plasma IL4 and IFN-gamma levels were determined by ELISA and the IL4-590 C/T polymorphisms were genotyped. The IFN-gamma levels were significantly elevated in patients with complicated malaria in the initial stage of the disease before treatment compared to the levels found with uncomplicated malaria (231 pg/ml versus 150 pg/ml, p = 0.0029), while the IL4 levels were significantly elevated 7 days after treatment (167 pg/ml versus 81 pg/ml, p=0.0003). Our study did not reveal any association between the IL4-590 C/T transition and the severity of malaria. However, a significant difference in the IL4 to IFN-gamma ratio between patients with complicated and uncomplicated malaria was observed only in patients with IL4-590 T allele homozygosity (geometric mean: 0.321 versus 0.613, p = 0.0087 for TT allele). A significant inverse correlation between IL4 to IFN-gamma ratio and peripheral parasitemia was observed only in complicated malaria patients carrying TT genotype (r = -0.283, p = 0.046). These results suggest that the IL4-590 C/T polymorphism may play a role in the balance between IL4 and IFN-gamma, as well as in the control of parasitemia, which in turn may alter the severity of malaria. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Clin Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Hosp Trop Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Stockholm Univ, Dept Immunol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Khusmith, S (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM tmskm@mahidol.ac.th RI Troye-Blomberg, Marita/B-9210-2016 OI Troye-Blomberg, Marita/0000-0002-2804-0325 NR 35 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 101 IS 3 BP 258 EP 265 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2007.02.008 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 164OS UT WOS:000246244000011 PM 17379175 ER PT J AU Feng, W Patel, SH Young, MY Zunino, JL Xanthos, M AF Feng, W. Patel, S. H. Young, M-Y. Zunino, J. L., III Xanthos, M. TI Smart polymeric coatings - Recent advances SO ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE additives; coatings; corrosion; sensors; smart materials; stimuli-sensitive polymers ID COATED QUARTZ RESONATOR; N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE; CORROSION DETECTION; IMAGING FIBER; SENSOR; AIRCRAFT; PH; BEHAVIOR; FILMS AB There is an ever-growing number of developments that aim to bring novel functionalities to polymer-coating systems with nanotechnology being one of them. This article will cover recent advances in the field of smart polymeric structures that are used in protective coatings in terms of stimulus and response, sensing mechanisms, and current or potential applications. Such structures are commonly based on polymers modified through organic or inorganic additives. Emphasis is placed on smart sensors used for detecting the onset of corrosion on polymer coated ferrous and nonferrous substrates. Examples of self-healing and repair through the action of microcapsules are also presented. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Otto H York Dept Chem Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Polymer Proc Inst, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. USA, Corros Off, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Xanthos, M (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Otto H York Dept Chem Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM Xanthos@njit.edu NR 67 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 5 U2 32 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0730-6679 J9 ADV POLYM TECH JI Adv. Polym. Technol. PD SPR PY 2007 VL 26 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1002/adv.20083 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 180VN UT WOS:000247394500001 ER PT J AU Lacy, B AF Lacy, Ben TI Treatment of aggression in patients with mental retardation SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter ID ADULTS C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Lacy, B (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Attn MCHK-PSRT,1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM ben.lacy@amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 75 IS 5 BP 622 EP + PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 145FQ UT WOS:000244851100001 PM 17375505 ER PT J AU Stocker, DJ Taylor, AJ Langley, RW Jezior, MR Vigersky, RA AF Stocker, Derek J. Taylor, Allen J. Langley, Roy W. Jezior, Mattliew R. Vigersky, Robert A. TI A randomized trial of the effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; ARTERIAL-WALL THICKNESS; INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; STATIN THERAPY; TROGLITAZONE; MELLITUS; PIOGLITAZONE; CHOLESTEROL; MODEL AB Background Metformin and rosiglitazone both improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus, however may possess different anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties. We investigated the effects of these medications on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) to determine their relative potential to reduce cardiovascular risk independent of their antihyperglycemic actions. Methods Ninety-two subjects with suboptimally controlled diabetes mellitus (hemoglobin A(1c) [HbA(1c)] > 7.0%) were assigned to therapy with either rosiglitazone 4 mg once daily or metformin 850 mg twice daily for 24 weeks. The primary end point was the change in hsCRP after 24 weeks. The change in CIMT was prespecified as a secondary end point. Results Metformin and rosiglitazone treatment led to similar significant improvements in glycemic control (HbA(1c) - 1.08% in the rosiglitazone group and - 1.18% in the metformin group, P = nonsignificant). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels decreased by an average of 68% in the rosiglitazone group (5.99 +/- 0.88 to 1.91 +/- 0.28 mg/L, P <.001), compared with a nonsignificant 4% reduction in hsCRP with metformin (5.69 +/- 0.83 to 5.46 +/- 0.92 mg/L; P = nonsignificant). Maximal CIMT progressed in the metformin group (+0.084 +/- 0.038 mm), whereas regression of maximal CIMT was observed in the rosiglitazone group (-0.037 +/- 0.031 mm; P =.02 for the between group comparison). Similar changes were observed for mean CIMT. The change in hsCRP and maximal CIMT were related in a multivariable model controlling for changes in HbA(1c) and lipid parameters (r =.31; P =.01). Conclusions Rosiglitazone, compared to metformin, induced a prompt and profound reduction in hsCRP levels independent of its effect on glycemia. This change was associated with regression of CIMT after 24 weeks. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrine Diabet & Metab Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW,Bldg 2,Room 4A34, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 153 IS 3 AR 445.el DI 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.11.005 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 143ZF UT WOS:000244764200018 ER PT J AU Horwhat, JD Baroni, D Maydonovitch, C Osgard, E Ormseth, E Rueda-Pedraza, E Lee, HJ Hirota, WK Wong, RKH AF Horwhat, J. David Baroni, Darren Maydonovitch, Corinne Osgard, Eric Ormseth, Eric Rueda-Pedraza, Eugenia Lee, Hyun J. Hirota, William K. Wong, Roy K. H. TI Normalization of intestinal metaplasia in the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: Incidence and clinical data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX DISEASE; SEGMENT BARRETTS-ESOPHAGUS; SPECIALIZED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; GASTRIC CARDIA; ANTIREFLUX SURGERY; FOLLOW-UP; ENDOSCOPIC SURVEILLANCE; DISTAL ESOPHAGUS; ACID SUPPRESSION AB BACKGROUND: Attention has focused on whether normalization, regression, and development of dysplasia and cancer in specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM) differ among long-segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE), short-segment BE (SSBE), and esophagogastric junction SIM (EGJSIM). We prospectively followed a cohort of SIM patients receiving long-term antisecretory medications to determine: (a) histologic normalization (no evidence of SIM on biopsy), (b) change in SIM length, (c) incidence of dysplasia and cancer, and (d) factors associated with normalization. METHODS: One hundred forty-eight patients with SIM were identified in our original cohort. Of these, 60.5% (23/38) LSBE, 69.8% (44/63) SSBE, and 72.3% (34/47) EGJSIM patients underwent repeat surveillance over a mean 44.4 +/- 9.7 months. Demographic, clinical, and endoscopic data were obtained. RESULTS: (a) With long-term, antisecretory therapy, normalization occurred in 0/23 LSBE, 30% (13/44) of SSBE, and 68% (23/34) of EGJSIM (P < 0.001). (b) Normalization was more likely with EGJSIM (odds ratio [OR] 6.7, CI 2.3-19.3, P = 0.005), female gender (OR 7.3, CI 2.3-23.1, P = 0.001), or absence of hiatal hernia (OR 2.9, CI 1.02-8.06, P = 0.002). (c) A significant decrease in mean SIM length was noted for the entire population (2.5 +/- 0.3 to 2.13 +/- 0.3 cm, P = 0.004). (d) Follow-up incidence of dysplasia and cancer was 26.1% (3 indefinite, 2 low-grade dysplasia [LGD], 1 cancer) for LSBE, 6.8% (2 indefinite, 1 LGD) for SSBE, and none for EGJSIM (P < 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: (a) Normalization of SIM occurs most frequently in EGJSIM > SSBE > LSBE. (b) Factors associated with normalization favor less severe GER and shorter segments of SIM. (c) Surveillance of LSBE results in the greatest yield for identifying dysplasia and cancer. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Tacoma Digest Dis Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,7F43, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 79 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 BP 497 EP 506 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00994.x PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 140PF UT WOS:000244517000008 PM 17156135 ER PT J AU Garlie, TN Busek, JP Cor-Ner, B Zambraski, EJ AF Garlie, T. N. Busek, J. P. Cor-Ner, B. Zambraski, E. J. TI Determination of percent body fat using 3D whole body laser scanning: A preliminary investigation. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. US Army Res Inst Environm Ctr, Natick, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1042-0533 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 19 IS 2 BP 256 EP 256 PG 1 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 141AB UT WOS:000244547100031 ER PT J AU Cloran, F Banks, KP AF Cloran, Francis Banks, Kevin P. TI AJR teaching file: Diffuse osteosclerosis with hepatosplenomegaly SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone; diffuse sclerosis; musculoskeletal system; myelofibrosis C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Banks, KP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, MCHE-DR,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kevin.banks@amedd.army.mil NR 7 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 188 SU 3 BP S18 EP S20 DI 10.2214/AJR.05.2141 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 166GZ UT WOS:000246367700006 PM 17312082 ER PT J AU Wheeler, KT Walker, D Johnson, MC AF Wheeler, Kevin T. Walker, David Johnson, Marie C. TI Galena stability to 26 kbar SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; SILVER-HALIDES; MELTING POINTS; SULFUR SYSTEM; FE-FES; PBTE; PBS; TEMPERATURES; POLYMORPHISM; DENSITY AB The melting point of galena was measured by differential thermal analysis to 25 kbar. The meltingpoint is 1191 degrees C at 5.9 kbar and increases to similar to 1315 degrees C by 25 kbar along a concave-down trajectory. The form of the PbS melting curve resembles those of similarly structured compounds that show a range of initial slopes and curvatures. Initial liquidus slopes of several Bl-structured compounds including PbS correlate well with melting volume change. However, the roughly 25 J/mol*K entropy of melting required for PbS by the volume of melting, initial liquidus slope, and Clapeyron equation is approximately double literature estimates. Similar discrepancies exist for the other B1-structured compounds. Liquidus curvature correlates well with the initial ratio of liquid to solid compressibility. PbS liquid compressibility of similar to 12*10(-12) cm(2/) dyne is estimated from galena compressibility and initial melting slope. The transformation of galena from cubic to orthorhombic structure with pressure was determined by electrical resistance measurements up to 1000 degrees C and occurs at about 26 kbar with little temperature variation. Galena's maximum stability is at the inferred triple point among galena, liquid, and orthorhombic-structured PbS at similar to 26 kbar and similar to 1315 degrees C. C1 Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Wheeler, KT (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. EM kwheeler@ldeo.columbia.edu; dwalker@ldeo.columbia.edu NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER JOURNAL SCIENCE PI NEW HAVEN PA YALE UNIV, PO BOX 208109, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520-8109 USA SN 0002-9599 J9 AM J SCI JI Am. J. Sci. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 307 IS 3 BP 590 EP 611 DI 10.2475/03.2007.02 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 180VI UT WOS:000247394000002 ER PT J AU Dharnidharka, VR Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC AF Dharnidharka, V. R. Agodoa, L. Y. Abbott, K. C. TI Risk factors for hospitalization for bacterial or viral infection in renal transplant recipients - An analysis of USRDS data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Annual Congress of the International-Pediatric-Transplant-Association CY AUG 06-09, 2005 CL Innsbruck, AUSTRIA SP Int Pediat Transplant Assoc DE bacterial; infection; kidney transplantation; pediatrics; viral infection ID UNITED-STATES; ALLOGRAFT-REJECTION; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; SURVIVAL; COMPLICATIONS; KIDNEY; SEPTICEMIA; REDUCTION; DISEASE AB We previously showed that children are more likely to develop viral infections post-kidney transplant while adults are more likely to develop bacterial infections. In this study we determined the overall risk factors for hospitalization with either a bacterial (HBI) or a viral infection (HVI). We analyzed data from 28 924 United States Renal Data System (USRDS) Medicare primary renal transplant recipients from January 1996 to July 2000, for adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) for HBI or HVI in the first 3 years posttransplant. For HVI, significantly higher AHR was seen with (a) recipient age < 18 years (AHR 1.57, 95% CI = 1.02, 2.42), (b) donor CMV positive (AHR 1.72, 95% CI = 1.34, 2.19). For HBI, significantly higher AHR was seen with (i) delayed graft function (AHR 1.28, 95% CI = 1.076, 1.518), (ii) primary renal diagnosis chronic pyelonephritis (AHR 1.71, 95% CI = 1.18, 2.49); (iii) associated pretransplant diabetes (AHR 1.80, 95% CI = 1.53, 2.12); (iv) female gender AHR 1.63, 95% CI = 1.41, 1.88). Lower AHR for HVI was seen in CMV-positive recipients and for HBI with more recent year of transplant. Other covariates did not impact significantly in either HVI or HBI. C1 Univ Florida, Coll Med, Div Pediat Nephrol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Dharnidharka, VR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Med, Div Pediat Nephrol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM vikasmd@ufl.edu OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1R02 DK 069535] NR 36 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 7 IS 3 BP 653 EP 661 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01674.x PG 9 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 143JD UT WOS:000244715800022 PM 17250559 ER PT J AU Chretien, JP Anyamba, A Bedno, SA Breiman, RF Sang, R Sergon, K Powers, AM Onyango, CO Small, J Tucker, CJ Linthicum, KJ AF Chretien, Jean-Paul Anyamba, Assaf Bedno, Sheryl A. Breiman, Robert F. Sang, Rosemary Sergon, Kibet Powers, Ann M. Onyango, Clayton O. Small, Jennifer Tucker, Compton J. Linthicum, Kenneth J. TI Drought-associated Chikungunya emergence along coastal East Africa SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; VEGETATION; EPIDEMICS; VIRUS; KENYA AB Epidemics of chikungunya fever, an Aedes spp.-borne viral disease, affected hundreds of thousands of people in western Indian Ocean islands and India during 2005-2006. The initial outbreaks occurred in coastal Kenya (Lamu, then Mombasa) in 2004. We investigated eco-climatic conditions associated with chikungunya fever emergence along coastal Kenya using epidemiologic investigations and satellite data. Unusually dry, warm conditions preceded the outbreaks, including the driest since 1998 for some of the coastal regions. Infrequent replenishment of domestic water stores and elevated temperatures may have facilitated Chikungunya virus transmission. These results suggest that drought-affected populations may be at heightened risk for chikungunya fever, and underscore the need for safe water storage during drought relief operations. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USA, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. CDC, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. CDC, Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya. CDC, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Chretien, JP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Div Prevent Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Jean-Paul.Chretien@na.amedd.army.mil; Assaf@ltpmail.gsfc.nasa.gov; sbedno@wrp-nbo.org; RBreiman@ke.cdc.gov; Rsang@kemri.org; kibetsergon@yahoo.com; akp7@cdc.gov; conyango@mrc.gm; jsmall@pop900.gsfc.nasa.gov; compton@ltpmailx.gsfc.nasa.gov; klinthicum@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 15 TC 84 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 76 IS 3 BP 405 EP 407 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 146FA UT WOS:000244918700002 PM 17360859 ER PT J AU Kondig, JP Turell, MJ Lee, JS O'Guinn, ML Wasieloski, LP AF Kondig, John P. Turell, Michael J. Lee, John S. O'Guinn, Monica L. Wasieloski, Leonard P., Jr. TI Genetic analysis of South American eastern equine encephalomyelitis viruses isolated from mosquitoes collected in the Amazon Basin region of Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS AB Identifying viral isolates from field-collected mosquitoes can be difficult and time-consuming, particularly in regions of the world where numerous closely related viruses are co-circulating (e.g., the Amazon Basin region of Peru). The use of molecular techniques may provide rapid and efficient methods for identifying these viruses in the laboratory. Therefore, we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of two South American eastern equine encephalomyelitis viruses (EEEVs): one member from the Peru-Brazil (Lineage II) clade and one member from the Argentina-Panama (Lineage III) clade. In addition, we determined the nucleotide sequence for the nonstructural P3 protein (nsP3) and envelope 2 (E2) protein genes of 36 additional isolates of EEEV from mosquitoes captured in Peru between 1996 and 2001. The 38 isolates were evenly distributed between lineages II and III virus groupings. However, analysis of the nsP3 gene for lineage III strongly suggested that the 19 isolates from this lineage could be divided into two sub-clades, designated as lineages III and IIIA. Compared with North American EEEV (lineage I, GA97 strain), we found that the length of the nsP3 gene was shorter in the strains isolated from South America. A total of 60 nucleotides was deleted in lineage II, 69 in lineage III, and 72 in lineage IIIA. On the basis of the sequences we determined for South American EEEVs and those for other viruses detected in the same area, we developed a series of primers for characterizing these viruses. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM John.Kondig@det.amedd.army.mil; michael.turell@det.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 76 IS 3 BP 408 EP 416 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 146FA UT WOS:000244918700003 PM 17360860 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Voloshinov, VB AF Gupta, Neelam Voloshinov, Vitaly B. TI Development and characterization of two-transducer imaging acousto-optic tunable filters with extended tuning range SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID IMAGER AB We developed two high-quality large-aperture acousto-optic tunable filter cells in TeO2 with more than two octaves spectral coverage for hyperspectral imaging applications from the visible to the midwave infrared: the first cell covers from 0.43 to 2.1 mu m and the second from 0.69 to 4.0 mu m. The key feature of these cells is a special design of two transducers in tandem with a special bonding technique that results in such a wide spectral coverage with virtually no acoustic and electrical loss due to careful matching of both acoustic and electrical impedances. Each of these cells has high spectral transmission, as well as low power requirement. We discuss the design, characterization, and performance results for these cells. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ngupta@arl.army.mil; volosh@phys.msu.ru RI Voloshinov, Vitaly/I-6045-2012; Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 26 TC 29 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 5 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1081 EP 1088 DI 10.1364/AO.46.001081 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 140JM UT WOS:000244500800010 PM 17304306 ER PT J AU Porter, SA AF Porter, Scott A. TI Thunder across the Arkansas prairie: Shelby's opening salvo in the 1864 invasion of Missouri SO ARKANSAS HISTORICAL QUARTERLY LA English DT Article RP Porter, SA (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARKANSAS HISTORICAL ASSOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA UNIV ARKANSAS, OLD MAIN 416 DEPT OF HISTORY, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 0004-1823 J9 ARKANSAS HIST QUART JI Ark. Hist. Q. PD SPR PY 2007 VL 66 IS 1 BP 43 EP 56 PG 14 WC History SC History GA 159OI UT WOS:000245875200003 ER PT J AU Katz, U Tsokos, GC AF Katz, Uriel Tsokos, George C. TI 2006 clinical immunology school on systemic autoimmune diseases SO AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Dept Med B, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Ctr Autoimmune Dis, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gtsokos@usa.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9972 J9 AUTOIMMUN REV JI Autoimmun. Rev. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 6 IS 4 BP 203 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.autrev.2006.08.001 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 148YB UT WOS:000245112200001 PM 17317607 ER PT J AU Keith, MP Moratz, C Tsokos, GC AF Keith, Michael P. Moratz, Chantal Tsokos, George C. TI Anti-RNP immunity: Implications for tissue injury and the pathogenesis of connective tissue disease SO AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE RNP-antibodies; pathogenesis; mixed connective tissue disease; systemic lupus erythematosus; ischemia/reperfusion ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; SMALL NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; INTACT FORM; U1-70 KD; T-CELL; ANTIBODIES; AUTOANTIBODIES; COMPLEMENT; U1-RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN AB Certain autoantibodies are characteristic of autoimmune disease manifestations and contribute to organ pathology. The presence of high-titer antibodies to U1-RNP are associated with mixed connective tissue disease, although these antibodies may also be present in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. However, the role of antibodies to U1-RNP in the pathogenesis of connective tissue disease remains unclear. Data from recent experimental studies promote the hypothesis that Ul-RNP antibodies participate in both innate and adaptive immune responses, implicating them in the pathogenesis of connective tissue disease. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Keith, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM mpkeith@bethesda.med.navy.mil NR 26 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9972 J9 AUTOIMMUN REV JI Autoimmun. Rev. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 6 IS 4 BP 232 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.autrev.2006.08.007 PG 5 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 148YB UT WOS:000245112200008 PM 17317614 ER PT J AU Tang, YQ Dong, YX Wittlin, S Charman, SA Chollet, J Chiu, FCK Charman, WN Matile, H Urwyler, H Dorn, A Bajpai, S Wang, XF Padmanilayam, M Karle, JM Brun, R Vennerstrom, JL AF Tang, Yuanqing Dong, Yuxiang Wittlin, Sergio Charman, Susan A. Chollet, Jacques Chiu, Francis C. K. Charman, William N. Matile, Hugues Urwyler, Heinrich Dorn, Arnulf Bajpai, Saroj Wang, Xiaofang Padmanilayam, Maniyan Karle, Jean M. Brun, Reto Vennerstrom, Jonathan L. TI Weak base dispiro-1,2,4-trioxolanes: Potent antimalarial ozonides SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 1,2,4-trioxolanes; secondary ozonides; antimalarial; peroxide; artemisinin ID PARASITE-TARGETED ARTEMISININ; MECHANISM-BASED DESIGN; QINGHAOSU ARTEMISININ; DERIVATIVES; DRUG; PEROXIDES; ANALOGS; SPIRO AB Thirty weak base 1,2,4-dispiro trioxolanes (secondary ozonides) were synthesized. Amino amide trioxolanes had the best combination of antimalarial and biopharmaceutical properties. Guanidine, aminoxy, and amino acid trioxolanes had poor antimalarial activity. Lipophilic trioxolanes were less stable metabolically than their more polar counterparts. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. Swiss Trop Inst, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. Monash Univ, Victorian Coll Pharm, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. F Hoffmann La Roche & Co Ltd, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland. Basilea Pharmaceut Ltd, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Vennerstrom, JL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Coll Pharm, 986025 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. EM jvenners@unmc.edu RI Charman, Susan/E-2221-2011 OI Charman, Susan/0000-0003-1753-8213 NR 24 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 17 IS 5 BP 1260 EP 1265 DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.12.007 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 146OG UT WOS:000244943300025 PM 17189686 ER PT J AU Wu, HY Zhu, KM Jatoi, I Shah, M Shriver, CD Potter, J AF Wu, Hongyu Zhu, Kangmin Jatoi, Ismail Shah, Mona Shriver, Craig D. Potter, John TI Factors associated with the incompliance with mammogram screening among individuals with a family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE factors; family history of breast cancer; mammogram; national survey; cancer screening ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEYS; UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; PREDICTORS; GUIDELINES; OLDER; ADHERENCE; BLACK; POPULATION; BEHAVIORS AB Objective The national guidelines recommend more intensive screening for breast cancer for women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Using the data from the 2000 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), we examined factors related to the underuse of mammogram in this population. Method The study subjects were 1,215 women aged 30-79 who had a family history of breast or ovarian cancer in their first-degree relatives. According to the American Cancer Society's guidelines for breast cancer screening, having no mammogram in last year was used as an outcome for this study. Socio-demographic characteristics, health-related conditions, lifestyle factors, health behaviors, menstrual/reproductive information and health care access and utilization were analyzed to assess their relations to mammogram underuse using unconditional logistic regression method. Results The results showed that younger age, having no place to go when sick (OR = 2.2, 95% CI, 1.2-4.0), having no visits to a general doctor (OR = 1.7, 95% CI, 1.2-2.4) or medical specialist (OR = 2.2, 95% CI, 1.6-3.1) and having no influenza shot in last year (OR = 1.7, 95% CI, 1.2-2.3) increased the risk of underusing mammography screening among women who had a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Women who had no home care from health professionals in the last year were less likely to underuse mammogram with an OR of 0.3 (95% CI, 0.1-0.6), compared with women who had. Conclusions Medical care-related factors may affect the use of mammography screening in women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Comprehens Breast Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Zhu, KM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW Bldg 1,Suite E-111, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kangmin.zhu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 101 IS 3 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.1007/s10549-006-9298-5 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 128WK UT WOS:000243690200009 PM 16821080 ER PT J AU Chretien, JP Blazes, DL Coldren, RL Lewis, MD Gaywee, J Kana, K Sirisopana, N Vallejos, V Mundaca, CC Montano, S Martin, GJ Gaydos, JC AF Chretien, Jean-Paul Blazes, David L. Coldren, Rodney L. Lewis, Michael D. Gaywee, Jariyanart Kana, Khunakorn Sirisopana, Narongrid Vallejos, Victor Mundaca, Carmen C. Montano, Silvia Martin, Gregory J. Gaydos, Joel C. TI The importance of militaries from developing countries in global infectious disease surveillance SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID YOUNG THAI MEN; HIV-1 INFECTION; NORTHERN THAILAND; DENGUE FEVER; US; OUTBREAK; SHIP; CREW AB Military forces from developing countries have become increasingly important as facilitators of their government's foreign policy, taking part in peacekeeping operations, military exercises and humanitarian relief missions. Deployment of these forces presents both challenges and opportunities for infectious disease surveillance and control. Troop movements may cause or extend epidemics by introducing novel agents to susceptible populations. Conversely, military units with disease surveillance and response capabilities can extend those capabilities to civilian populations not served by civilian public health programmes, such as those in remote or post-disaster settings. In Peru and Thailand, military health organizations in partnership with the military of the United States use their laboratory, epidemiological, communications and logistical resources to support civilian ministry of health efforts. As their role in international affairs expands, surveillance capabilities of militaries from developing countries should be enhanced, perhaps through partnerships with militaries from high-income countries. Military-to-military and military-to-civilian partnerships, with the support of national and international civilian health organizations, could also greatly strengthen global infectious disease surveillance, particularly in remote and post-disaster areas where military forces are present. C1 Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. US Naval Med Res Ctr, Lima, Peru. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Chretien, JP (reprint author), Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, 2900 Linden Lane, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Jean-Paul.Chretien@na.amedd.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Chretien, Jean-Paul/0000-0001-8143-6823 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 85 IS 3 BP 174 EP 180 DI 10.2471/BLT.06.037101 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 145PD UT WOS:000244876100007 PM 17486207 ER PT J AU Panchal, RG Ruthel, G Brittingham, KC Lane, D Kenny, TA Gussio, R Lazo, JS Bavari, S AF Panchal, Rekha G. Ruthel, Gordon Brittingham, Katherine C. Lane, Douglas Kenny, Tara A. Gussio, Rick Lazo, John S. Bavari, Sina TI Chemical genetic screening identifies critical pathways in anthrax lethal toxin-induced pathogenesis SO CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPECIFICITY PHOSPHATASE INHIBITORS; PROTEIN-KINASE KINASE; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; NF-KAPPA-B; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; TNF-ALPHA; MACROPHAGE APOPTOSIS; SMALL-MOLECULE; PROTEOLYTIC INACTIVATION; INDUCED CYTOTOXICITY AB Anthrax lethal toxin (LT)-induced cell death via mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) cleavage remains questionable. Here, a chemical genetics approach was used to investigate what pathways mediate LT-induced cell death. Several small molecules were found to protect macrophages from anthrax LT cytotoxicity and MAPKK from cleavage by lethal factor (LF), without inhibiting LF enzymatic activity or cellular proteasome activity. Interestingly, the compounds activated MAPK-signaling molecules, induced proinflammatory cytokine production, and inhibited LT-induced macrophage apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. We propose that induction of antiapoptotic responses by MAPK-dependent or -independent pathways and activation of host innate responses may protect macrophages; from anthrax LT-induced cell death. Altering host responses through a chemical genetics approach can help identify critical cellular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of anthrax and can be exploited to further explore host-pathogen interactions. C1 SAIC Frederick Inc, NCI Frederick, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Dev Therapeut Program, Informat Technol Branch, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pharmacol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Panchal, RG (reprint author), SAIC Frederick Inc, NCI Frederick, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM rekha.panchal@amedd.army.mil; sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-12400] NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 1074-5521 J9 CHEM BIOL JI Chem. Biol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 14 IS 3 BP 245 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.01.007 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 151QU UT WOS:000245306500006 PM 17379140 ER PT J AU Perkins, RM Aboudara, MC Abbott, KC Holcomb, JB AF Perkins, Robert M. Aboudara, Matthew C. Abbott, Kevin C. Holcomb, John B. TI Resuscitative Hyperkalemia in noncrush trauma: A prospective, observational study SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MASSIVE BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION; MANAGEMENT; COAGULOPATHY; INJURIES; CARE AB The trauma patient is exposed to physiologic processes and life-saving interventions that predispose to hyperkalemia. Severe elevations in potassium levels subject this compromised patient to additional cardiac risks in the periresuscitative period. Recent advances in the care of the massively traumatized patient may or may not increase the risk for hyperkalemia. This prospective, observational study was undertaken to define the period prevalence of hyperkalemia (plasma potassium level >= 5.5 mmol/L) in a noncrush trauma population during the initial resuscitative period and to identify potential risk factors for the development of hyperkalemia. A total of 131 patients were studied during the initial 12 h after admission for noncrush trauma. The period prevalence of hyperkalemia was 29.0%. Hyperkalemic patients had dramatic shifts in plasma potassium levels compared with nonhyperkalemic patients. Five patients, all from the hyperkalemic group, died. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, independent risk factors for hyperkalemia were an emergency department plasma potassium level of 4.0 mmol/L or higher (relative risk 3.40; 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 9.84; P = 0.024 versus baseline potassium level <4.0 mmol/L) and transfusion of cell- or plasma-based products (relative risk 10.56; 95% confidence interval 3.62 to 30.78; P < 0.001 per log-transformed unit). The prevalence of hyperkalemia during trauma resuscitation was not reported previously. Given the arrhythmic risks of hyperkalemia, particular caution is necessary with trauma patients who present with plasma potassium levels >4.0 mmol/L and require aggressive transfusion support. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Perkins, RM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ward 48,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM robert.perkins@na.amedd.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-905X J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 2 IS 2 BP 313 EP 319 DI 10.2215/CJN.03070906 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 146MN UT WOS:000244938600027 PM 17699430 ER PT J AU Santiago-Maldonado, IM Phillips, WT AF Santiago-Maldonado, Ida Mary Phillips, William T. TI Frequent occurrence of rapid as well as delayed gastric emptying of a corn flakes and milk meal in clinical patients with gastrointestinal symptoms SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE nuclear; scintigraphic; gastric emptying; diabetes mellitus; rapid; delayed; syndrome X; impaired fasting glucose ID II DIABETIC-PATIENTS; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; GLUCOSE SOLUTION; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; LIQUID MEAL; INSULIN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; MELLITUS; PANCAKE; TYPE-1 AB Purpose: Early satiety, nausea and vomiting have traditionally been associated with delayed gastric emptying (GE). A study was performed to determine the frequency of rapid/delayed GE in 100 patients sequentially referred for scintigraphic GE using a corn flakes and milk meal. Methods and Materials: A retrospective review of 100 consecutive GE studies at the University Hospital, San Antonio, Texas, was performed. Each patient received a semisolid meal containing corn flakes, milk, and sugar (200 kcal, 6 g fat, 7 g protein, and 30 g carbohydrates) and 37.0 MBq (1 mCi) of Tc-99m sulfur colloid according to a standard clinical protocol followed by dynamic 1-minute planar acquisitions for 60 minutes. Gastric emptying times were classified based on the 50% emptying time as follows: 30 to 60 minutes for normal, abnormally delayed as > 60 minutes, and abnonnally rapid as < 30 minutes. Results: Twenty-eight patients demonstrated rapid GE, 25 delayed GE and 45 normal GE. Fifteen (54%) patients with rapid GE were diabetic: 4 (14%) bad impaired fasting glucose values, and 9 (32%) were normoglycemic. Fourteen (56%) patients with delayed GE were diabetic, one (4%) had impaired fasting glucose, and 10 (40%) were normoglycemic. Both patients with delayed and those with rapid GE had nausea as the most common symptom followed by early satiety (rapid GE) and vomiting (delayed GE). Of 28 patients with rapid GE, 26 were on promotility agents. Conclusion: The number of patients with rapid GE of the corn flakes, milk, and sugar meal is appreciably greater (28%) than previously reported with other meals. This relative large number is likely related to the meal composition and the homogeneous dispersal of the label within the meal. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Phillips, WT (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM Phillips@uthscsa.edu RI Phillips, William/E-8427-2010 OI Phillips, William/0000-0001-8248-7817 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 32 IS 3 BP 186 EP 193 DI 10.1097/01.rlu.0000255028.99539.d3 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 141CJ UT WOS:000244553900003 PM 17314592 ER PT J AU Cantilena, LR Saviolakis, GA Leary, RJ Miller, RS Haeberle, AS Weina, PJ AF Cantilena, L. R., Jr. Saviolakis, G. A. Leary, R. J. Miller, R. S. Haeberle, A. S. Weina, P. J. TI Phase I investigation of intravenous artesunate in healthy volunteer subjects. SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics CY MAR 21-24, 2007 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 81 SU 1 BP S97 EP S97 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 144FW UT WOS:000244782900284 ER PT J AU Baurle, L Kaempfer, U Szabo, D Spencer, ND AF Baeurle, L. Kaempfer, U. Szabo, D. Spencer, N. D. TI Sliding friction of polyethylene on snow and ice: Contact area and modeling SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ice friction; snow friction; hydrodynamic lubrication; contact mechanics; surface roughness measurement methods; heat transfer; X-ray tomography ID KINETIC FRICTION; MECHANISM; SURFACES AB A numerical model for sliding on ice: including dry friction and generation of and lubrication by water films is described. The model is verified by comparison with experimentally determined friction coefficients and slider temperatures. Real contact area estimates based on actual topography can explain the experimentally observed temperature dependence, while squeeze out of water at the junctions can explain the observed load dependence of friction. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Swiss Fed Inst Snow & Avalanche Res SLF, WSL, CH-7260 Davos, Switzerland. ETH, Dept Mat, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Kaempfer, U (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Snow & Avalanche Res SLF, WSL, CH-7260 Davos, Switzerland. EM thomas.kaempfer@a3.epfl.ch RI Spencer, NIcholas/A-5843-2008 OI Spencer, NIcholas/0000-0002-7873-7905 NR 15 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 47 IS 3 BP 276 EP 289 DI 10.1016/j.coldregions.2006.10.005 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 143KX UT WOS:000244721500007 ER PT J AU Decker, MJ Halbach, CJ Nam, CH Wagner, NJ Wetzel, ED AF Decker, M. J. Halbach, C. J. Nam, C. H. Wagner, N. J. Wetzel, E. D. TI Stab resistance of shear thickening fluid (STF)-treated fabrics SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aramid fibre; fabrics/textiles; flexible composites; impact behaviour; surface treatinems ID BALLISTIC IMPACT; PUNCTURE RESISTANCE; CUT RESISTANCE; SUSPENSIONS; FIBER; KNIFE; PERFORMANCE; STRENGTH; RHEOLOGY; YARNS AB The stab resistance of shear thickening fluid (STF)-treated Kevlar (R) and Nylon fabrics is investigated and found to exhibit significant improvements over neat fabric targets of equivalent areal density. Specifically, dramatic improvements in puncture resistance (spike threat) are observed under high and low speed loading conditions, while slight increases in cut protection (knife threat) are also observed. Studies on the effect of fabric architecture indicate that STF addition provides benefits analogous to the effect of increasing fabric yarn count, with STF addition primarily reducing the mobility of filaments and yarns in the impact zone. Microscopy shows significant energy dissipation in the damage zone that includes plastic flow of the polymeric filaments, as well as deformation of the filaments due to mechanical interaction with the colloidal particles of the STF. These results indicate that these novel materials could be used to fabricate flexible body armors that provide improved protection against stab threats. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Wetzel, ED (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MA, Bldg 4600,Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM ewetzel@arl.army.mil RI Wagner, Norman/B-6558-2012 OI Wagner, Norman/0000-0001-9565-619X NR 53 TC 125 Z9 136 U1 12 U2 113 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-3538 J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL JI Compos. Sci. Technol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 67 IS 3-4 BP 565 EP 578 DI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.08.007 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 135FW UT WOS:000244140500025 ER PT J AU Prasanna, VK Morris, GR AF Prasanna, Viktor K. Morris, Gerald R. TI Sparse matrix computations on reconfigurable hardware SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article AB Using a high-level-language to hardware-description-language compiler and some novel architectures and algorithms to map two well-known double-precision floating-point sparse matrix iterative-linear-equation solvers-the Jacobi and conjugate gradient methods-onto a reconfigurable computer achieves more than a twofold speedup over software. C1 Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Informat Technol Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Prasanna, VK (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM prasanna@usc.edu; gerald.r.morris@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD MAR PY 2007 VL 40 IS 3 BP 58 EP + DI 10.1109/MC.2007.103 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 146PN UT WOS:000244946800016 ER PT J AU Manthous, CA Jackson, WL AF Manthous, Constantine A. Jackson, William L., Jr. TI The 9-11 Commission's invitation to imagine: A pathophysiology-based approach to critical care of nuclear explosion victims SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE acute radiation syndrome; critical care; critical illness; multiple organ failure; nuclear explosion; nuclear bomb; radiation; terrorist ID MECHANICAL VENTILATION; MEDICAL CONSEQUENCES; RADIATION PNEUMONITIS; THERMONUCLEAR WAR; STEM-CELLS; BRAIN; ACCIDENT; INJURY; PREVENTION; MANAGEMENT AB Objective. The successful management of mass casualties arising from detonation of a nuclear device (NDD) would require significant preparation at all levels of the healthcare system. This article briefly outlines previously published models of destruction and casualties, details approaches to on-site triage and medical evacuation, and offers pathophysiology-based suggestions for treatment of the critically injured. Documentation from previous bomb blasts and nuclear accidents is reviewed to assist in forecasting needs of both systems and patients in the event of an NDD in a major metropolitan area. Data Sources/Study Selection: This review extracts data from previously published models of destruction and casualties projected from an NDD, the primary literature detailing observations of, patients' pathophysiology following NDDs in Japan and relevant nuclear accidents, and available contemporary resources for first responders and healthcare providers. Data Extraction/Synthesis. The blast and radiation exposures that accompany an NDD will significantly affect local and regional public resources. Morbidity and mortality likely to arise in the setting of dose-dependent organ dysfunction may be minimized by rigorous a priori planning/training for field triage decisions, coordination of medical and civil responses to effect rapid responses and medical evacuation routes, radiation-specific interventions, and modern intensive care. Conclusions., Although the responses of emergency and healthcare systems following NDD will vary depending on the exact mechanism, magnitude, and location of the event, dose exposures and individual pathophysiology evolution are reasonably predictable. Triage decisions, resource requirements, and bedside therapeutic plans can be evidence-based and can be developed rapidly with appropriate preparation and planning. C1 Bridgeport Hosp, Pulm & Crit Care Dept, Bridgeport, CT USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Bridgeport, CT USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Crit Care Med, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Manthous, CA (reprint author), Bridgeport Hosp, Pulm & Crit Care Dept, Bridgeport, CT USA. NR 68 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 35 IS 3 BP 716 EP 723 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000257328.31668.22 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 139ZE UT WOS:000244470800005 PM 17255868 ER PT J AU Newburgh, GA Dubinskii, M Merkle, LD AF Newburgh, G. A. Dubinskii, M. Merkle, L. D. TI Silicon carbide face-cooled 4% ceramic Nd : YAG laser SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIAMOND AB It has been demonstrated that silicon carbide (SiC) may be used as an efficient heatsinking material for intracavity face cooling of gain media in solid-state lasers. Comparative thermal modelling and temperature distribution measurements of a diode-pumped 4% Nd:YAG ceramic laser medium face cooled by undoped YAG (as a baseline), diamond and SiC lead to the belief that SiC is an effective replacement for much more expensive diamond in this application. Laser performance of a SiC face-cooled 4% Nd:YAG ceramic press-fit stack without AR coatings was demonstrated to have 24% slope efficiency. C1 AMSRL SE EO, US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Newburgh, GA (reprint author), AMSRL SE EO, US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gnewburgh@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU INSTITUTION ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 43 IS 5 BP 286 EP 288 DI 10.1049/el:20073331 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 156XM UT WOS:000245683200022 ER PT J AU Kortepeter, MG Adams, BL Zollinger, WD Gasser, RA AF Kortepeter, Mark G. Adams, Brian L. Zollinger, Wendell D. Gasser, Robert A., Jr. TI Fulminant supraglottitis from Neisseria meningitidis SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID ACUTE EPIGLOTTITIS; ADULT C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kortepeter, MG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM mark.kortepeter@na.amedd.army.mil RI Zollinger, Wendell/B-2887-2011 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2007 VL 13 IS 3 BP 502 EP 504 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 144MQ UT WOS:000244800900027 PM 17552114 ER PT J AU Hashisho, Z Emamipour, H Cevallos, D Rood, MJ Hay, KJ Kim, BJ AF Hashisho, Zaher Emamipour, Hamidreza Cevallos, Diego Rood, Mark J. Hay, K. James Kim, Byung J. TI Rapid response concentration-controlled desorption of activated carbon to dampen concentration fluctuations SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; LOAD EQUALIZATION; PERFORMANCE; BIOFILTER; TOLUENE; BIOFILTRATION; ADSORPTION; MIXTURES; REMOVAL; PERIODS AB Fluctuations in concentration of organic vapors in gas streams that are treated by devices such as biofilters or oxidizers make it challenging to remove the vapors from the gas streams in an efficient and economic manner. Combining adsorption with concentration-controlled desorption provides an active buffer between the source of vapors and the control device for better control of concentration and flow rate of the gas stream that is treated by the secondary control device, hence further enhancing the performance or reducing the size of the devices. Activated carbon fiber cloth is used with microwave swing adsorption to remove methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) from air streams and then provide a readily controllable feed stream of that vapor in air at a specified concentration and gas flow rate with steady-state tracking desorption. MEK was captured with > 99.8% efficiency during the adsorption cycle. The MEK concentration during the regeneration cycle was readily controlled at concentration set-points between 170 and 5000 ppmv, within relative standard deviations of 1.8 and 4.9%, respectively, and at 20% of the gas flow rate that was treated during the adsorption cycle. Such capability of the system allows the secondary control device to be optimized for select constant concentrations and low gas flow rates that is not possible without such pretreatment. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Rood, MJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 205 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mrood@uiuc.edu NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1753 EP 1758 DI 10.1021/es062155y PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 139XZ UT WOS:000244467500048 PM 17396670 ER PT J AU Knechtges, PL Sprando, RL Porter, KL Brennan, LM Miller, MF Kumsher, DM Dennis, WE Brown, CC Clegg, ED AF Knechtges, Paul L. Sprando, Robert L. Porter, Karen L. Brennan, Linda M. Miller, Mark F. Kumsher, David M. Dennis, William E. Brown, Charles C. Clegg, Eric D. TI A novel amphibian tier 2 testing protocol: A 30-week exposure of Xenopus tropicalis to the antiandrogen flutamide SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE endocrine disruption; amphibian; flutamide; Xenopus tropicalis ID SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; LAEVIS; FROGS; ATRAZINE; REPLICATION; RESPONSES; ANIMALS; EMBRYO; ASSAY AB In 1996, the U.S. Congress mandated the development of a screening program for endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) using validated test systems. Subsequently, the Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Advisory Committee recommended the development of a standardized amphibian assay for tier 2 testing of EDCs. For that reason, a tier 2 testing protocol using Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis and a 30-week, flow-through exposure to the antiandrogen flutamide from stage 46 tadpoles through sexually mature adult frogs were developed and evaluated in this pilot study. The endpoints for this study included measurements of frog body lengths and weights, liver weights, ovary/egg mass weights, testicular and ovarian histopathology, plasma vitellogenin levels, and notes on any abnormalities observed at necropsy. Increasing exposure concentrations to flutamide caused significant increases in frogs with no recognizable gonadal tissue and increased body and liver weights in male frogs, whereas the body lengths and weights decreased significantly in female frogs. Important issues must be resolved before a tier 2 amphibian assay can be further developed and validated, including the establishment of baseline values in the controls for the parameters under study; the maintenance, measurement, and timing of exposure concentrations; and the development of additional biomolecular markers of effect. This study demonstrated the feasibility of conducting long-term EDC exposure studies using X. tropicalis. C1 USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Sci Applicat Int Corp, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Rockville, MD 20853 USA. RP Porter, KL (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Sci Applicat Int Corp, 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM karen.porter@amedd.army.mil RI Porter, Karen/A-9591-2009 NR 34 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU SOCIETY ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 26 IS 3 BP 555 EP 564 DI 10.1897/06-210R.1 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 136RK UT WOS:000244241600023 PM 17373522 ER PT J AU Yeung, DT Smith, JR Sweeney, RE Lenz, DE Cerasoli, DM AF Yeung, David T. Smith, J. Richard Sweeney, Richard E. Lenz, David E. Cerasoli, Douglas M. TI Direct detection of stereospecific soman hydrolysis by wild-type human serum paraoxonase SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE diisopropylfluorophosphate; GC/MS; paraoxonase 1; soman; stereoselectivity ID 4 STEREOISOMERS; ACUTE TOXICITY; PON1; ARYLESTERASE; SARIN; PHOSPHOTRIESTERASE; EVOLUTION; RESIDUES; MUTANTS; PROTEIN AB Human serum paraoxonase 1 (HuPON1; EC 3.1.8.1) is a calcium-dependent six-fold beta-propeller enzyme that has been shown to hydrolyze an array of substrates, including organophosphorus (OP) chemical warfare nerve agents. Although recent efforts utilizing site-directed mutagenesis have demonstrated specific residues (such as Phe222 and His115) to be important in determining the specificity of OP substrate binding and hydrolysis, little effort has focused on the substrate stereospecificity of the enzyme; different stereoisomers of OPs can differ in their toxicity by several orders of magnitude. For example, the C +/- P- isomers of the chemical warfare agent soman (GD) are known to be more toxic by three orders of magnitude. In this study, the catalytic activity of HuPON1 towards each of the four chiral isomers of GD was measured simultaneously via chiral GC/MS. The catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K-m) of the wild-type enzyme for the various stereoisomers was determined by a simultaneous solution of hydrolysis kinetics for each isomer. Derived k(cat)/K-m values ranged from 625 to 4130 mM(-1).min(-1), with isomers being hydrolyzed in the order of preference C+P+ > C-P+ > C+P- > C-P-. The results indicate that HuPON1 hydrolysis of GD is stereoselective; substrate stereospecificity should be considered in future efforts to enhance the OPase activity of this and other candidate bioscavenger enzymes. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Res, Physiol & Immunol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Med Diagnost & Chem Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RESECO Res Engn Consultants, Nottingham, England. RP Cerasoli, DM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Res, Physiol & Immunol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM douglas.cerasoli@us.army.mil OI /0000-0001-5692-0170 NR 40 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 274 IS 5 BP 1183 EP 1191 DI 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05650.x PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 134UZ UT WOS:000244111100007 PM 17286579 ER PT J AU Manzello, SL Gann, RG Kukuck, SR Prasad, KR Jones, WW AF Manzello, Samuel L. Gann, Richard G. Kukuck, Scott R. Prasad, Kuldeep R. Jones, Walter W. TI An experimental determination of a real fire performance of a non-load bearing glass wall assembly SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glass partition; glass breakage ID ENCLOSURE AB A glass wall assembly was exposed to an intense real-scale compartment fire. The wall assembly consisted of four glass sections, two of which were fitted with tempered double-pane glass and the other two sections were fitted with tempered single-pane glass. At each glass section, temperatures were measured at the exposed face and the unexposed face. Total heat flux gauges were used to measure both the temporal variation of the energy incident on the glass wall and the transmitted energy rate detected through two of the glass sections. Visual and infrared cameras were used to image the unexposed face of each wall assembly during the fire exposure. Results of glass breakage and subsequent glass fall out were compared to studies in the literature for glass sections exposed to compartment fires. The behavior of the glass wall assembly under a fire load is presented. C1 NIST, BFRL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Manzello, SL (reprint author), NIST, BFRL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM samuel.manzello@nist.gov NR 21 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0015-2684 J9 FIRE TECHNOL JI Fire Technol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 43 IS 1 BP 77 EP 89 DI 10.1007/s10694-006-0001-5 PG 13 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 143LR UT WOS:000244724000004 ER PT J AU Berkowitz, J Rediske, WR Chance, J Kim, DH AF Berkowitz, Jacob Rediske, William R. Chance, John Kim, David H. TI Technique tip: Creation of a vacuum-assisted closure system for wound management in an austere environment SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; SUBATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; SKIN-GRAFTS; EXPERIENCE; DRESSINGS; THERAPY; TRIAL C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Darnall Army Community Hosp, Ft Hood, TX USA. Kaiser Permanente, Denver, CO USA. RP Berkowitz, J (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM mark.j.berkowitz@us.army.mil NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 28 IS 3 BP 388 EP 391 DI 10.3113/FAI.2007.0388 PG 4 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 140WF UT WOS:000244536700018 ER PT J AU Spannuth, WA Leath, CA Huh, WK Barnes, MN Davidson, SA Kilgore, LC Partridge, EE Austin, JM Alvarez, RD AF Spannuth, Whitney A. Leath, Charles A., III Huh, Warner K. Barnes, Mack N., III Davidson, Susan A. Kilgore, Larry C. Partridge, Edward E. Austin, J. Maxwell, Jr. Alvarez, Ronald D. TI A phase II trial of weekly topotecan for patients with secondary platinum-resistant recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma following the failure of second-line therapy SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Gynecologic-Oncologists CY MAR 22-26, 2006 CL Palm Springs, CA SP Soc Gynecol Oncologists DE recurrent ovarian carcinoma; topotecan; chemotherapy; novel treatment regimens; phase II study ID HEAVILY PRETREATED PATIENTS; GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; SALVAGE THERAPY; STAGE-III; CANCER; PACLITAXEL; CHEMOTHERAPY; CARBOPLATIN; CISPLATIN AB Objective. To determine the response rate, progress ion-free survival and toxicity associated with weekly topotecan administered to patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian (EOC) in the third-line setting. Methods. Patients with measurable platinum-sensitive EOC following failure of second-line chemotherapy were eligible for this phase 11 study. All patients were initially treated with cytoreductive surgery and platinum/paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. Continuous, weekly topotecan was administered at a starting dose of 4 mg/m(2). Toxicity and efficacy were assessed at various time points after initiation of therapy. Results. Twenty nine patients were enrolled in this prospective study. Toxicity was acceptable with grade 1/2 nausea being the most commonly experienced side effect (52%). Nine patients (31%) had grade 3/4 leukopenia; however, only 3 patients had febrile neutropenia. Thirteen patients had a treatment delay and six required dose reductions. Twenty two patients were evaluable for efficacy. The overall response rate for weekly topotecan was 13.6% [95% CI; -0.7-27.9%] with 1 complete response, and 2 partial responses. Twelve patients (54.5%), including 2 with minor responses, had stable disease for a median duration of 18 weeks. Conclusions. Weekly topotecan at the current schedule in the third-line setting in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent EOC has modest clinical activity. Toxicity associated with this regimen is acceptable but growth factor support, dose reductions, or schedule alterations may need to be considered in many of these patients. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Univ Colorado, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Leath, CA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept OB GYN, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM charles.leath@amedd.army.mil OI Leath III, Charles/0000-0002-4034-6845 NR 21 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 104 IS 3 BP 591 EP 595 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.09.008 PG 5 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 144LC UT WOS:000244796500015 PM 17045635 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, GC Rimel, BJ Barry, C Turbov, J Hurteau, J Kirschner, C Allard, J Maxwell, GL Cline, M AF Rodriguez, Gustavo C. Rimel, B. J. Barry, Cathy Turbov, Jane Hurteau, Jean Kirschner, Carolyn Allard, Jay Maxwell, G. Larry Cline, Mark TI Progestin induces apoptosis and modulates transforming growth factor beta in the endometrium: Toward a mechanism for chemoprevention SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 104 IS 3 SU 1 BP S28 EP S29 PG 2 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 144ZC UT WOS:000244834100059 ER PT J AU Rose, GS Kulasingam, S Maxwell, GL Chernofsky, M Hamilton, C Farley, J Myers, E AF Rose, G. Scott Kulasingam, Shalini Maxwell, G. Larry Chernofsky, Mildred Hamilton, Chad Farley, John Myers, Evan TI Short-term costs of "catch-up" quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination in the US Army SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 104 IS 3 SU 1 BP S34 EP S35 PG 2 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 144ZC UT WOS:000244834100072 ER PT J AU Wagner, PD Wagner, HE Groves, BM Cymerman, A Houston, CS AF Wagner, Peter D. Wagner, Harrieth E. Groves, Bertron M. Cymerman, Allen Houston, Charles S. TI Hemoglobin P-50 during a simulated ascent of Mt. Everest, Operation Everest II SO HIGH ALTITUDE MEDICINE & BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE oxygen transport; altitude; exercise; hemoglobin dissociation curve; 2,3-diphosphoglycerate ID O2-HB DISSOCIATION CURVE; PULMONARY GAS-EXCHANGE; OXYGEN-AFFINITY; SEA-LEVEL; EXTREME ALTITUDE; EXERCISE; DIFFUSION; HYPOXIA; ANEMIA; BLOOD AB The amount of O-2 available to tissues is essentially the product of cardiac output, [Hb], and O-2 saturation. Saturation depends on P-O2 and the O(2)Hb dissociation curve. With altitude, increased [2,3-DPG] shifts the dissociation curve rightward, but hypocapnia and alkalosis move it leftward. We determined both standard and in Vivo P-50 in 5 fit subjects decompressed over 42 days in an altitude chamber to the equivalent of the Mt. Everest summit (Operation Everest II). Arterial and venous blood was sampled at five "altitudes" (P-B = 760, 429,347,282,253 mmHg), and P-O2, P-CO2, pH, O-2 saturation, [Hb] and [2,3-DPG] were measured. As reported previously, 2,3-DPG levels increased from 1.7 (P-B = 760) to 3.8 mmol/L (P-B = 282). Standard P-50 also increased (from 28.2 mmHg at sea level to 33.1 on the summit, p < 0.001). Alone, this would have lowered saturation by 12 percentage points at a summit arterial P-O2 of similar to 30 mmHg. However, in vivo P-50 remained between 26 and 27 mmHg throughout due to progressive hypocapnia and alkalosis. Calculations suggest that the increase in standard P-50 did not affect summit V-O2MAX, alveolar, arterial and venous P-O2's, but reduced arterial and venous O-2 saturations by 8.4 and 17.4 points, respectively, and increased O-2 extraction by 7.9 percentage points. Reduced saturation was balanced by increased extraction, resulting in no significant overall O-2 transport benefit, thus leaving unanswered the question of the purpose of increased [2,3-DPG] concentrations at altitude. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Colorado Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Denver, CO USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT USA. RP Wagner, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, 9500 Gilman Dr, Dept 0623A, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM pdwagner@ucsd.edu NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1527-0297 J9 HIGH ALT MED BIOL JI High Alt. Med. Biol. PD SPR PY 2007 VL 8 IS 1 BP 32 EP 42 DI 10.1089/ham.2006.1049 PG 11 WC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Biophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 149EJ UT WOS:000245129500004 PM 17394415 ER PT J AU Bressler, JP Olivi, L Cheong, JH Kim, Y Maerten, A Bannon, D AF Bressler, Joseph P. Olivi, Luisa Cheong, Jae Hoon Kim, Yongbae Maerten, Alex Bannon, Desmond TI Metal transporters in intestine and brain: their involvement in metal-associated neurotoxicities SO HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Meeting of the International-Neurotoxicology-Association CY JUN 06, 2005-JUL 01, 2006 CL Haikko, FINLAND SP Int Neurotoxicol Assoc DE brain; disease; intestine; metals; transporters ID SHORT CEREBROVASCULAR PERFUSION; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; IRON-MANAGEMENT PROTEINS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; CALCIUM-ABSORPTION; ZINC TRANSPORTERS; MANGANESE DISTRIBUTION; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES AB The transport of essential metals and other nutrients across tight membrane barriers such as the gastrointestinal tract and blood-brain barrier is mediated by specific transport mechanisms. Specific transporters take up metals at the apical surface and export them at the basolateral surface, and are involved in their intracellular distribution. Transporters for each of the major essential metals, calcium, iron and zinc, have been identified. These transporters also mediate the transport of non-essential metals across tight membrane barriers. For example, the intestinal iron transporter divalent metal transporter 1 mediates the uptake of lead and cadmium. The levels of essential metals are strictly regulated by transporters. When dietary levels of essential metals are low, levels of the corresponding transporters increase in the intestine, after which there is a greater potential for increased transport of toxic metals. In the brain, the strict regulation of metals prevents injury that potentially would result from oxidative damage induced by the essential metals iron, copper and zinc. Indeed, the oxidative damage found in neurodegenerative diseases is likely to be due to higher levels of these metals. Involvement of intracellular transporters for copper and zinc has been shown in animal models of Alzheimer's disease, raising the possibility that higher levels of iron, zinc and copper might be due to a disruption in the activity of transporters. Accordingly, exposure to toxicants that affect the activity of transporters potentially could contribute to the aetiology/progression of neurodegenerative diseases. C1 Kennedy Krieger Inst, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. Sahmyook Univ, Sch Pharm, Seoul, South Korea. Soonchunhyang Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Chunan, South Korea. USA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bressler, JP (reprint author), Kennedy Krieger Inst, Dept Neurol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM bressler@kennedykrieger.org NR 98 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 14 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0960-3271 J9 HUM EXP TOXICOL JI Hum. Exp. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 26 IS 3 BP 221 EP 229 DI 10.1177/0960327107070573 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 149ER UT WOS:000245130400010 PM 17439925 ER PT J AU Muehlenbachs, A Mutabingwa, TK Fried, M Duffy, PE AF Muehlenbachs, Atis Mutabingwa, Theonest K. Fried, MichaL Duffy, Patrick E. TI An unusual presentation of placental malaria: a single persisting nidus of sequestered parasites SO HUMAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaria-falciparum; pregnancy; placenta; histology ID INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES AB Placental malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is a public health concern in tropical countries. Peripheral blood smears to detect placental malaria are often negative, and recrudescences are common during pregnancy. We performed placental histology on a series of first-time mothers delivering in an area endemic for P falciparum. A single nidus of malaria-infected erythrocytes was identified by placental histology in a single intervillous space from a woman who had no other evidence of peripheral or placental blood parasitemia. This finding suggests ring stage-infected erythrocytes sequester in vivo, or P falciparum can persist as a dormant blood stage form. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Mother Offspring Malaria Studies Project, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. Natl Inst Med Res, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Muheza Designated Dist Hosp, Muheza, Tanga Region, Tanzania. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Duffy, PE (reprint author), Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Mother Offspring Malaria Studies Project, 4 Nickerson St, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM pduffy@sbri.org FU FIC NIH HHS [TW 05509]; NHLBI NIH HHS [T32 HL 07312]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 52059] NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0046-8177 J9 HUM PATHOL JI Hum. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 38 IS 3 BP 520 EP 523 DI 10.1016/j.humpath.2006.09.016 PG 4 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 139VG UT WOS:000244460100017 PM 17239927 ER PT J AU Laton, WR Whitley, RJ Hromadka, TV AF Laton, W. R. Whitley, R. J. Hromadka, T. V., II TI A new mathematical technique for identifying potential sources of groundwater contamination SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hydrochemical modeling; numerical modeling; quadratic programming; convex hull AB The observed hydrogeochemical condition of groundwater at a particular well is usually represented as a mixture of various sources of pollution and background conditions and is given in terms of measurements of multiple dissolved inorganic water contaminants such as total dissolved solids (TDS). Concentrations from a given set of wells can be compared against one another in a variety of ways, but the consideration as to which chemical concentrations are best related to one another is limited. In this analysis, an example is given to show that if there are a total of N concentration values, all N must be considered simultaneously in order to ascertain whether the observed conditions at the well can be explained as a mixture, and this can be done by solving a quadratic programming problem-convex hull. C1 Calif State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Math, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Laton, WR (reprint author), Calif State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 800N,State Coll Blvd,MH-208, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA. EM wlaton@fullerton.edu; rwhitley@uci.edu; ted@phdphdphd.com NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 15 IS 2 BP 333 EP 338 DI 10.1007/s10040-006-0106-4 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 144UK UT WOS:000244821600011 ER PT J AU Suchalkin, S Kisin, MV Luryi, S Belenky, G Towner, FJ Bruno, JD Tober, RL AF Suchalkin, Sergey Kisin, Mikhail V. Luryi, Serge Belenky, Gregory Towner, Fred J. Bruno, John D. Tober, Richard L. TI High-speed stark wavelength tuning of midIR interband cascade lasers SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE cascade lasers; midinfrared (midIR) lasers; semiconductor lasers; tunable lasers AB Stark modulation of the wavelength of a midinfrared tunable interband cascade laser was studied. Wavelength modulation at frequencies exceeding 1 GHz was demonstrated. Estimates of capacitances inherent to the laser's structure suggested that improved packaging techniques could lead to modulation frequencies approaching 6 GHz. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Maxion Technol Inc, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. RP Suchalkin, S (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM suchal@ece.sunysb.edu NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 19 IS 5-8 BP 360 EP 362 DI 10.1109/LPT.2007.891649 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 158CJ UT WOS:000245768200035 ER PT J AU Chen, XD O'Neill, K Grzegorczyk, TM Kong, JA AF Chen, Xudong O'Neill, Kevin Grzegorczyk, Tomasz M. Kong, Jin Au TI Spheroidal mode approach for the characterization of metallic objects using electromagnetic induction SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE electromagnetic induction (EMI); inversion; spheroid; subsurface sensing; unexploded ordnance (UXO) ID UXO DISCRIMINATION; REGULARIZATION; EXCITATION AB We propose a spheroidal mode approach to characterize the electromagnetic induction (EMI) response of buried objects, assumed to be much more conductive than their environment. Both the excitation and the response are formulated as the linear superpositions of basic spheroidal modes. The scattering coefficients characterize objects, regardless of their geometrical complexity and material inhomogeneity, due to the orthogonality of the spheroidal modes. The ill-conditioning encountered in retrieving the scattering coefficients is dealt with by mode truncation and Tikhonov regularization. The approach is tested for both simulated and measured data, and the retrieval results show encouragingly that only few excitation and response modes effectively represent the EMI response of the objects. The proposed approach is therefore promising in the detection and classification of buried objects. C1 Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore 117576, Singapore. ERDC Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. MIT, Res Lab Elect, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Chen, XD (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore 117576, Singapore. EM elechenx@nus.edu.sg NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAR PY 2007 VL 45 IS 3 BP 697 EP 706 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2006.888856 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 140ZQ UT WOS:000244545900016 ER PT J AU Nierwinski, J AF Nierwinski, John, Jr. TI Reliability sampling methodology using simulation and re-sampling SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY LA English DT Article DE gamma prior distribution; reliability sampling; re-sampling; simulation; unit-to-unit variation AB This paper develops and validates a reliability sampling methodology using simulation, and re-sampling; and which incorporates unit-to-unit variation in the determination of significant sample sizes for analytically intractable reliability cases. This sample size determination is very important because the reliability of the sampled vehicles should represent the reliability of the entire fleet. Smaller-than-required sample sizes may lead to an incorrect representation of the reliability of the fleet, which may mislead the Army to make poor decisions, such as deploying a fleet that may not be reliable. These type II errors can be minimized by incorporating a more realistic sampling methodology, as developed in this research. Prior to using this methodology, analytical formulas were used to compute reliability sample sizes with unit-to-unit variation assumed to be constant. This new methodology confirms the analytically derived solutions for fixed usage & true failure rate, as well as for fixed usage & varying vehicle true failure rate. Existing reliability data shows that unit-to-unit variation does exist. Vehicle variation in true failure rate is modeled with a Gamma prior distribution. Recent reliability data are used to validate the hypothesis that this is an adequate tool for reliability sampling when unit-to-unit variation exists. Results of this validation accept the hypothesis, validating that the methodology is an adequate tool. The Army is currently using this methodology for fleet assessment. C1 USA, Mat Syst Anal Act, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Nierwinski, J (reprint author), USA, Mat Syst Anal Act, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9529 EI 1558-1721 J9 IEEE T RELIAB JI IEEE Trans. Reliab. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 56 IS 1 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1109/TR.2006.884598 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 152OV UT WOS:000245372200016 ER PT J AU Cao, CJ Chamber, AE Wade, MM Major, MA AF Cao, C. J. Chamber, A. E. Wade, M. M. Major, M. A. TI Applications of neutral red uptake assay for basal cytotoxicity assessment in response to viruses, toxins, and chemicals. SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM cheng.cao@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD SPR PY 2007 VL 43 SU S BP S37 EP S38 PG 2 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 187UF UT WOS:000247873400096 ER PT J AU Rastogi, VK Wallace, L Spitz, K AF Rastogi, Vipin K. Wallace, Lalena Spitz, Kerti TI Challenges and future directions for detection of ricin and other related toxins. SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, ECBC, BioDefense Team, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM vipin.rastogi@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD SPR PY 2007 VL 43 SU S BP S7 EP S7 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 187UF UT WOS:000247873400017 ER PT J AU Widder, MW Curtis, T Rome, L Brennan, L van der Schalie, W AF Widder, M. W. Curtis, T. Rome, L. Brennan, L. van der Schalie, W. TI Development of a cell-based toxicity sensor for drinking water protection. SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Agave BioSyst, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. SAIC, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM mark.widder@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD SPR PY 2007 VL 43 SU S BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 187UF UT WOS:000247873400019 ER PT J AU Yadava, A Sattabongkot, J Washington, MA Ware, LA Majam, V Zheng, H Kumar, S Ockenhouse, CF AF Yadava, Anjali Sattabongkot, Jetsumon Washington, Michael A. Ware, Lisa A. Majam, Victoria Zheng, Hong Kumar, Sanjai Ockenhouse, Christian F. TI A novel chimeric Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein induces biologically functional antibodies that recognize both VK210 and VK247 sporozoites SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID B-CELL EPITOPES; MALARIA VACCINE; FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITES; IMMUNODOMINANT EPITOPE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; SURFACE PROTEIN; AOTUS MONKEYS; REGION-II; ANTIGEN AB A successful vaccine against Plasmodium vivax malaria would significantly improve the health and quality of the lives of more than I billion people around the world. A subunit vaccine is the only option in the absence of long-term culture of P. vivax parasites. The circumsporozoite protein that covers the surface of Plasmodium sporozoites is one of the best-studied malarial antigens and the most promising vaccine in clinical trials. We report here the development of a novel "immunologically optimal" recombinant vaccine expressed in Escherichia coli that encodes a chimeric CS protein encompassing repeats from the two major alleles, VK210 and VK247. This molecule is widely recognized by sera from patients naturally exposed to P. vivax infection and induces a highly potent immune response in genetically disparate strains of mice. Antibodies from immunized animals recognize both VK210 and VK247 sporozoites. Furthermore, these antibodies appear to be protective in nature since they cause the agglutination of live sporozoites, an in vitro surrogate of sporozoite infectivity. These results strongly suggest that recombinant CS is biologically active and highly immunogenic across major histocompatibility complex strains and raises the prospect that in humans this vaccine may induce protective immune responses. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, US Army Med Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Food & Drug Adm, Kensington, MD 20895 USA. RP Yadava, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM anjali.yadava@us.army.mil NR 54 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 75 IS 3 BP 1177 EP 1185 DI 10.1128/IAI.01667-06 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 143PD UT WOS:000244733900011 PM 17158893 ER PT J AU Palmer, GH Futse, JE Leverich, CK Knowles, DP Rurangirwa, FR Brayton, KA AF Palmer, Guy H. Futse, James E. Leverich, Christina K. Knowles, Donald P., Jr. Rurangirwa, Fred R. Brayton, Kelly A. TI Selection for simple major surface protein 2 variants during Anaplasma marginale transmission to immunologically naive animals SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ANTIGENIC VARIATION; TRYPANOSOMA-BRUCEI; TICK TRANSMISSION; GENE CONVERSION; EXPRESSION; RICKETTSEMIA; DIVERSITY; GENOME; PATHOGENS; OCCURS AB Anaplasma marginale, a rickettsial pathogen, evades clearance in the animal host by antigenic variation. Under immune selection, A. marginale expresses complex major surface protein 2 mosaics, derived from multiple donor sequences. However, these mosaics have a selective advantage only in the presence of adaptive immunity and are rapidly replaced by simple variants following transmission. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. USA, Dept Agr, Anim Dis Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, Pullman, WA USA. RP Palmer, GH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Program Vector Borne Dis, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM gpalmer@vetmed.wsu.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI044005, R01 AI44005] NR 23 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 75 IS 3 BP 1502 EP 1506 DI 10.1128/IAI.01801-06 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 143PD UT WOS:000244733900047 PM 17178787 ER PT J AU Dubick, M Bentley, T Cameron, D Prince, MD Sondeen, J AF Dubick, Michael Bentley, Timothy Cameron, David Prince, M. Dale Sondeen, Jill TI Resuscitation with fresh whole blood reduces complement activation associated with hemorrhage in swine SO INFLAMMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Army Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1023-3830 J9 INFLAMM RES JI Inflamm. Res. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 56 SU 2 BP S279 EP S280 PG 2 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 151TO UT WOS:000245313900459 ER PT J AU Wade, C Park, MS Pidcoke, HE Holcomb, JB Wolf, SE AF Wade, Charles Park, M. S. Pidcoke, H. E. Holcomb, J. B. Wolf, S. E. TI Increased variability during tight glucose control alters the cytokine profile in burn patients SO INFLAMMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1023-3830 J9 INFLAMM RES JI Inflamm. Res. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 56 SU 2 BP S155 EP S155 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 151TO UT WOS:000245313900196 ER PT J AU Rezk, PE Graham, JR Moran, TS Gordon, RK Sciuto, AM Doctor, BP Nambiar, MP AF Rezk, Peter E. Graham, Jacob R. Moran, Theodore S. Gordon, Richard K. Sciuto, Alfred M. Doctor, Bhupendra P. Nambiar, Madhusoodana P. TI Acute toxic effects of nerve agent VX on respiratory dynamics and functions following microinsillation inhalation exposure in guinea pigs SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; SUBWAY SARIN ATTACK; WHOLE-BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; TOKYO SUBWAY; TISSUE CHOLINESTERASE; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; DISTRESS SYNDROME; H-3 SARIN; SOMAN; MICE AB Exposure to a chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) leads to severe respiratory distress, respiratory failure, or death if not treated. We investigated the toxic effects of nerve agent VX on the respiratory dynamics of guinea pigs following exposure to 90.4 mu g/m(3) of VX or saline by microinstillation inhalation technology for 10 min. Respiratory parameters were monitored by whole-body barometric plethysmography at 4, 24, and 48 h, 7 d, 18 d, and 4 wk after VX exposure. VX-exposed animals showed a significant decrease in the respiratory frequency (RF) at 24 and 48 h of recovery (p value .0329 and .0142, respectively) compared to the saline control. The tidal volume (TV) slightly increased in VX exposed animals at 24 and significantly at 48 h (p = .02) postexposure. Minute ventilation (MV) increased slightly at 4 h but was reduced at 24 h and remained unchanged at 48 h. Animals exposed to VX also showed an increase in expiratory (Te) and relaxation time (RT) at 24 and 48 h and a small reduction in inspiratory time (Ti) at 24 h. A significant increase in end expiratory pause (EEP) was observed at 48 h after VX exposure (p = .049). The pseudo lung resistance (Penh) was significantly increased at 4 h after VX exposure and remained slightly high even at 48 h. Time-course studies reveal that most of the altered respiratory dynamics returned to normal at 7 d after VX exposure except for EEP, which was high at 7 d and returned to normal at 18 d postexposure. After 1 mo, all the monitored respiratory parameters were within normal ranges. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) 1 mo after exposure showed virtually no difference in protein levels, cholinesterase levels, cell number, and cell death in the exposed and control animals. These results indicate that sublethal concentrations of VX induce changes in respiratory dynamics and functions that over time return to normal levels. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Toxicol Analyt Toxicol Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Edgewood, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Nambiar, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Madhusoodana.nambiar@na.amedd.army.mil NR 60 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 19 IS 3 BP 291 EP 302 DI 10.1080/08958370601069398 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 146HM UT WOS:000244925100009 PM 17365032 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV Schutz, HG Lesher, LL AF Cardello, Armand V. Schutz, Howard G. Lesher, Larry L. TI Consumer perceptions of foods processed by innovative and emerging technologies: A conjoint analytic study SO INNOVATIVE FOOD SCIENCE & EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article ID GENETICALLY-MODIFIED FOODS; PUBLIC CONCERNS; ATTITUDES; KNOWLEDGE; RISK; ACCEPTANCE; BIOTECHNOLOGY; INFORMATION; BENEFIT; SAFETY AB Conjoint analytic surveys were administered to 225 potential consumers of foods processed by innovative and emerging food technologies in order to assess the factors contributing to their interest in using such products. Respondents included 1) a consumer panel of civilian lab employees, 2) shoppers in a mail in the northeastern U.S., and 3) U.S. military troops on training exercises. Respondents rated their interest in 49 different food product concepts that varied in food type, processing or production technology, costs, benefits, risks, endorsing agencies, and product information. Results showed that the relative importance of factors did not vary greatly among the consumer groups. Perceived risks associated with the technologies were the most important factors influencing interest in use. Among the emerging technologies assessed, irradiation and genetic modification resulted in the greatest negative effect on likely use, while high pressure processing produced the most positive effect. The term "cold preservation" had positive associations for all groups, but "minimally processed" had negative associations. Implications of the data for the marketing of foods processed by innovative and emerging technologies are discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. SAIC, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM armand.cardello@natick.army.mil NR 47 TC 84 Z9 88 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1466-8564 J9 INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG JI Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 8 IS 1 BP 73 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.ifset.2006.07.002 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 144QC UT WOS:000244810100008 ER PT J AU Retchless, T Golden, B Wasil, E AF Retchless, Todd Golden, Bruce Wasil, Edward TI Ranking US Army generals of the 20th century: A group decision-making application of the analytic hierarchy process SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE decision analysis : multiple criteria; military : personnel AB The pantheon of 20th century US Army generals contains many great wartime commanders. Military historians have written about their leadership qualities but have not ranked the best generals. We asked 10 experts in US military history to evaluate seven generals-Omar Bradley Dwight Eisenhower, Douglas MacArthur, George Marshall, George Patton, John Pershing, and Matthew Ridgway-using the analytic hierarchy process in a group setting. We developed a ratings hierarchy, and each participant scored each general. We combined individual pairwise comparisons using the geometric-mean method and a new method based on linear programming and obtained a clear, three-tier ranking of generals with George Marshall judged the best US Army general of the 20th century, closely followed by Dwight Eisenhower. C1 United States Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Univ Maryland, RH Smith Sch Business, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. American Univ, Kogod Sch Business, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP Retchless, T (reprint author), United States Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM todd.retchless@usma.edu; bgolden@rhsmith.umd.edu; ewasil@american.edu NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 37 IS 2 BP 163 EP 175 DI 10.1287/inte.1060.0225 PG 13 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 199BG UT WOS:000248670600006 ER PT J AU Zavaleta, CL Phillips, WT Bradley, YC McManus, LM Jerabek, PA Goins, BA AF Zavaleta, C. L. Phillips, W. T. Bradley, Y. C. McManus, L. M. Jerabek, P. A. Goins, B. A. TI Characterization of an intraperitoneal ovarian cancer xenograft model in nude rats using noninvasive microPET imaging SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER LA English DT Article DE F-18-FDG; intraperitoneal delivery; microPET; nude rats; ovarian cancer ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; IN-VITRO; GYNECOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES; THERAPY RESPONSE; TUMOR XENOGRAFTS; BENIGN DISORDERS; DRUG-DELIVERY; CARCINOMA; BREAST; PET AB MicroPET is a noninvasive imaging modality that can potentially track tumor development in nude rats using the radiotracer fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18-FDG). Our goal was to determine whether microPET, as opposed to more invasive techniques, could be used to noninvasively monitor the development of ovarian cancer in the peritoneal cavity of nude rats for monitoring treatment response in future studies. Female nude rats were inoculated intraperitoneally with 36 million NIH:OVCAR-3 cells. Imaging was carried out at 2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks postinoculation. Each rat was fasted overnight and intravenously injected with 11.1 MBq (300 mu Ci) of F-18-FDG in 0.2 mL of saline. Thirty minutes following injection, the rats were placed in the microPET and scanned for 30 min. After imaging, rats were euthanized for ascites and tissue collection for biodistribution and histopathologic correlation. Standard uptake values (SUVs) of F-18-FDG within the peritoneal cavity were also calculated from regions of interest analysis of the microPET images. MicroPET images showed diffuse increased uptake of F-18-FDG throughout the peritoneal cavity of tumor rats (mean SUV = 4.64) compared with control rats (mean SUV = 1.03). Ascites gathered from tumor-bearing rats had increased F-18-FDG uptake as opposed to the peritoneal fluid collected from control rats. Biodistribution data revealed that the percent injected dose per gram (% ID/g) was significantly higher in tumor-bearing rats (6.29%) than in control rats (0.59%) in the peritoneal lymph nodes. Pathology verified that these lymph nodes were more reactive in tumor-bearing rats. By 6 weeks, some rats developed solid masses within the peritoneum, which could be detected on microPET images and confirmed as tumor by histopathology. F-18-FDG uptake in these tumors at necropsy was 2.83% ID/g. These results correlate with previous invasive laparoscopic studies of the same tumor model and demonstrate that microPET using F-18-FDG is a promising noninvasive tool to localize and follow tumor growth in an intraperitoneal ovarian cancer model. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Res Imaging Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Goins, BA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, MSC 7800,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM goins@uthscsa.edu RI Goins, Beth/F-1311-2010; Phillips, William/E-8427-2010 OI Phillips, William/0000-0001-8248-7817 FU NIBIB NIH HHS [1- T32 EB000817-01A1] NR 43 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1048-891X J9 INT J GYNECOL CANCER JI Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 17 IS 2 BP 407 EP 417 DI 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2007.00814.x PG 11 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 145SR UT WOS:000244885300014 PM 17362319 ER PT J AU Forrestal, MJ Wright, TW Chen, W AF Forrestal, M. J. Wright, T. W. Chen, W. TI The effect of radial inertia on brittle samples during the split Hopkinson pressure bar test SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Hopkinson bar; sample radial inertia; brittle materials; large diameter samples ID CONCRETE; COMPRESSION; STRENGTH; RATES AB For a valid split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) or Kolsky compression bar experiment, the sample should be in dynamic stress equilibrium over most of the test duration. In this study, we investigate the effect of radial inertia on elastic samples during a valid SHPB test. We present closed-form equations for the three additional stress components induced by radial inertia for incompressible and compressible, linear elastic samples. These equations should assist in the early experimental designs. As the experiments proceed and more is learned about the sample response, numerical analysis can be used to obtain a more refined account of the sample response and dynamic material strength. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Aero Astro, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aero Astro, 315 N Grant St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM wchen@purdue.edu NR 21 TC 49 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X EI 1879-3509 J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 34 IS 3 BP 405 EP 411 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2005.12.001 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 128WG UT WOS:000243689800002 ER PT J AU Estrada, AX Stetz, MC Harbke, CR AF Estrada, Armando X. Stetz, Melba C. Harbke, Colin R. TI Further examination and refinement of the psychometric properties of the MEOCS with data from reserve component personnel SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS LA English DT Article DE equal opportunity climate; diversity; military; harassment; prejudice; discrimination; measurement ID SEXUAL-HARASSMENT; INTEGRATED MODEL; FIT AB We examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of equal opportunity climate (EOC) scales of the Military Equal Opportunity Climate Survey (MEOCS) with data from reserve component personnel. We tested a five-factor model and examined validity evidence for the 50-item version and a shortened 17-item version of the EOC scales in two separate studies (N-1 = 210; N-2 = 951). Results of confirmatory factor analyses supported four of the five hypothesized factors, which included sexual harassment behaviors (SHB), differential command behaviors, positive command behaviors (PCB) and racist-sexist behaviors (RSB). Validity evidence suggested that while positive perceptions of EOC were associated with increased levels of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and perceived workgroup effectiveness; positive command behaviors and SHB were the strongest predictors of these outcomes in Study 1; whereas PCB and RSB were the strongest predictors of these outcomes in Study 2. The findings provide empirical support for the EOC scale for the reserve component and suggest the EO climate, as operationalized and measured in the MEOCS, can be measured with a brief 17-item version of the EOC scales. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Washington State Univ, Dept Psychol, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Estrada, AX (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Psychol, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. EM estrada@vancouver.wsu.edu NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0147-1767 J9 INT J INTERCULT REL JI Int. J. Intercult. Relat. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 31 IS 2 BP 137 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2006.05.006 PG 25 WC Psychology, Social; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Sociology SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 137AZ UT WOS:000244266500001 ER PT J AU Romberg, B Metselaar, JM Baranyi, L Snel, CJ Bunger, R Hennink, WE Szebeni, J Storm, G AF Romberg, Birgit Metselaar, Josbert M. Baranyi, Lajos Snel, Cor J. Bunger, Rolf Hennink, Wim E. Szebeni, Janos Storm, Gert TI Poly(amino acid)s: Promising enzymatically degradable stealth coatings for liposomes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th European Workshop on Particulate Systems CY MAR 13-24, 2006 CL Geneva, SWITZERLAND DE long-circulating liposomes; pharmacokinetics; poly(amino acid)-coatings; enzymatic degradability; complement activation ID ENCAPSULATED HEMOGLOBIN; COMPLEMENT; INHIBITION; MECHANISM AB Poly(amino acid)s (PAAs) were evaluated as coating polymers for long-circulating liposomes. The pharmacokinetics of PAA-coated liposomes were assessed in rats. Prolonged circulation times were obtained, comparable to those reported for poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-liposomes. Besides, the enzymatic degradability of PAAs was studied. PAAs - in free as well as liposome-associated form - are degradable by proteases, which is beneficial for reducing the risks of accumulation in vivo. Furthermore, complement activation by PAA-liposomes was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Like other liposome types, they appear to activate the complement system. However, a role of endotoxin contamination of the PAA-liposome formulations used cannot be excluded in our complement activation studies. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Univ Utrecht, Dept Pharmaceut, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands. Vaccine & Immunol Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Dept Vaccine Prod & Delivery, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. RP Romberg, B (reprint author), Univ Utrecht, Dept Pharmaceut, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, POB 80082, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands. EM B.Romberg@pharm.uu.nl RI Storm, Gert/O-8696-2016 NR 12 TC 34 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 331 IS 2 BP 186 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.11.018 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 144PZ UT WOS:000244809700008 PM 17145145 ER PT J AU Choate, N Forster, C Almquist, J Olsen, C Poth, M AF Choate, Nicola Forster, Chris Almquist, Jon Olsen, Cara Poth, Merrily TI The prevalence of overweight in participants in high school extramural sports SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE overweight; obesity; body mass index; high school sports; football ID RISK-FACTORS; ADOLESCENTS; OBESITY; BMI; CHILDREN; FATNESS AB This study examines the body mass index (BMI) percentiles for age of 3970 male high school athletes. Overall, boys participating in sports had BMI percentiles similar to the general population. However, the prevalence of overweight in boys playing certain sports, particularly football, but also wrestling and crew, was higher than the general population. (C) 2007 Society for Adolescent Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Fairfax Cty Publ Sch, Fairfax, VA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Choate, N (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM nchoate@usuhs.mil NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAR PY 2007 VL 40 IS 3 BP 283 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.09.014 PG 3 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 142AM UT WOS:000244620700015 PM 17321433 ER PT J AU Jacobs, JL Apatov, N Glei, M AF Jacobs, Joshua L. Apatov, Nathaniel Glei, Matthew TI Increasing vigilance on the medical/surgical floor to improve patient safety SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING LA English DT Article DE automated early warning system; automated vigilance; information technology; nursing; patient safety ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; MEDICAL EMERGENCY TEAM; CARDIAC-ARREST; FALSE ALARMS; MORTALITY; ASSOCIATION; HEART AB Aim: This paper reports a study designed to assess an automated non-invasive, patient vigilance system, the (L)G(1TM) system, for determining heart rate and respiration rate. The study uses collected data to optimize the (L)G(1TM)'s alert management scheme for medical/surgical wards. Background: Thousands of patients die unnecessarily each year because of compromised patient safety in hospitals. Economic pressures to reduce hospitalization costs, exacerbated by increasing nursing shortages, have created a need for new approaches to patient vigilance. Advanced technologies may help nurses to provide high-quality care while controlling costs and improving patient safety. Methods: Heart and respiration waveforms from 287 patients were captured by sensor arrays embedded in the mattress coverlets of their beds. No real-time monitoring was performed. Raw data were processed by proprietary algorithms and compared with data captured by a standard reference device. Alert performance was verified by hand-scoring the signal data and matching it against clinical events observed through a systematic review of each patient's medical record. The data were collected between June 2004 and February 2005. Results: Experimental algorithms for heart rate had an accuracy of -1.47 (SD 1.90) and a precision of 4.60 (SD 2.46). Respiration rate algorithms showed an accuracy of -0.94 (SD 1.26) and a precision of 4.02 (SD 1.17). Algorithms identified 178 true-positive physiological alerts on 15 patients. None of the events was deemed clinically significant at chart review. The combined false-positive alert rate for the algorithms was 0.007 events per hour. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the accuracy and precision of the signal processing algorithms in the (L)G(1TM) system. Future work will focus on assessing the system's impact on patient outcomes and its integration into the nursing workflow. C1 Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Med Informat, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. USA, Grad Program Anesthesia Nursing, MCHKHE Phase 2, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. Hoana Med Inc, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Jacobs, JL (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Med Informat, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM jjacobs@hawaii.edu NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0309-2402 J9 J ADV NURS JI J. Adv. Nurs. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 57 IS 5 BP 472 EP 481 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04161.x PG 10 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 136SI UT WOS:000244244000002 PM 17284271 ER PT J AU Lee, CK Li, P AF Lee, Calvin K. Li, Peng TI Geometric properties of parachutes using 3-D laser scanning SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB The technology of gliding parafoils is currently being pursued by the U.S. Army for precision airdrop of cargos and personnel. The performance of parafoils (lift and drag) and round parachutes (drag) is closely related to their 3-D geometry. There have been some studies on the geometry of round parachutes, but hardly any on parafoils. The technology of 3-D whole body scanning provides a viable tool to investigate the 3-D geometry of parachutes. In this paper, we present an investigation on the 3-D geometry, surface area and volume of small-scale models of parafoil, round parachute, ring-slot parachute, and cross parachute using a 3-D laser scanning apparatus. Scan data from these model parachutes were obtained in a climatic chamber with a steady air velocity. Surface areas and volumes of these parachutes were calculated from the scan data using specially developed mathematical methods. In addition, cross sections of the parachute canopies were obtained from the scan images. These cross sections provide valuable information on the relationship between model parachutes and full-scale parachutes, fabric properties on canopy geometry, and parachute canopy design and manufacturing. C1 USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Geocenters Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Lee, CK (reprint author), USA, Soldier Syst Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 377 EP 385 DI 10.2514/1.18387 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 155YP UT WOS:000245615000003 ER PT J AU Yeo, H Johnson, W AF Yeo, Hyeonsoo Johnson, Wayne TI Aeromechanics analysis of a heavy lift slowed-rotor compound helicopter SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article AB A heavy lift slowed-rotor tandem compound helicopter was designed as a part of the NASA heavy lift rotorcraft systems investigation. The vehicle is required to carry 120 passengers over a range of 1200 nautical miles and cruise at 350 knots at an altitude of 30,000 feet. The basic size of the helicopter was determined by the United States Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate's design code RotorCraft. Then performance, loads, and stability analyses were conducted with the Comprehensive Analytical Model of Rotorcraft Aerodynamics and Design II. Blade structural design (blade inertial and structural properties) was carried out using the loading condition from the Comprehensive Analytical Model of Rotorcraft Aerodynamics and Design II. A rotor parametric study was conducted to investigate the effects of the twist, collective, tip speed, and taper on aircraft performance. Designs were also developed for alternate missions to explore the influence of the design condition on performance. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, AMRDEC,USA,Res Dev & Engn Command, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Flight Vehicle Res & Technol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Yeo, H (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, AMRDEC,USA,Res Dev & Engn Command, MS 215-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM hsyeo@mail.arc.nasa.gov NR 9 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 501 EP 508 DI 10.2514/1.23905 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 155YP UT WOS:000245615000017 ER PT J AU Singh, H Moorad-Doctor, D Ratcliffe, RH Wachtel, K Castillo, A Garcia, GE AF Singh, Harry Moorad-Doctor, Deborah Ratcliffe, Ruthie H. Wachtel, Katie Castillo, Andres Garcia, Gregory E. TI A rapid cation-exchange HPLC method for detection and quantification of pyridinium oximes in plasma and tissue SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INHIBITED ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; HI-6; SOMAN; REACTIVATION; DOGS; RAT C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Garcia, GE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM greg.garcia@amedd.army.mil RI Ratcliffe, Ruthie/B-6815-2011 NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 31 IS 2 BP 69 EP 74 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 143OR UT WOS:000244732700001 PM 17536740 ER PT J AU Chakraborti, D Ramachandran, S Trichy, G Narayan, J Prater, JT AF Chakraborti, D. Ramachandran, S. Trichy, G. Narayan, J. Prater, J. T. TI Magnetic, electrical, and microstructural characterization of ZnO thin films codoped with Co and Cu SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE FERROMAGNETISM; METAL-DOPED ZNO; SEMICONDUCTORS; ZN1-XCOXO AB Here we report on systematic studies of the epitaxial growth and properties of Co and Cu codoped ZnO thin films deposited onto sapphire c-plane single crystals using pulsed-laser deposition. The films display ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. Detailed atomic scale characterization rules out the presence of clusters and secondary phases as the source of ferromagnetism. Optical measurements and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm the direct substitution of dopant atoms into Zn lattice sites. At low concentrations of Cu (similar to 5%) the magnetic moment of Zn1-(0.05+x)Co0.05CuxO materials appears to be additive. At higher concentrations of Cu the net magnetic moment per atom drops off sharply and seems to be relatively insensitive to the Co content. There is a dramatic increase in resistivity of the Co-doped films that accompanies Cu doping. Yet, this change of resistivity does not affect the magnetic moment, suggesting that free carrier mediated mechanism is not a feasible explanation for ferromagnetism in these films. The known presence of high oxygen vacancies in these films does allow for possible defect mediated mechanisms (e.g., bound magnetic polarons) for mediating exchange coupling of the dopant (Co,Cu) ions resulting in room temperature ferromagnetism. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Army Res Off, Mat Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Chakraborti, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM dchakra@ncsu.edu RI Narayan, Jagdish/D-1874-2009 NR 31 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 101 IS 5 AR 053918 DI 10.1063/1.2711082 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 146PB UT WOS:000244945400098 ER PT J AU Zhan, C Lee, J Yin, S Ruffin, P Grant, J AF Zhan, Chun Lee, Jon Yin, Stuart Ruffin, Paul Grant, Joseph TI Photoenhanced polarization mode separated fiber Bragg gratings inscribed by femtosecond laser SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID WRITTEN WAVE-GUIDES; OPTICAL-FIBERS; PHASE MASK; SENSORS; STRESS; TEMPERATURE; RADIATION; SILICA; STRAIN AB In this paper, we report the fabrication of photoenhanced polarization mode separated fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in polarization maintaining (PM) fibers using IR femtosecond laser illumination. The separation of the Bragg resonant wavelengths between the two polarization modes is as large as 1.78 nm due to the photoenhanced birefringence effect generated by the strong ultrashort laser pulses. This large polarization mode separation solves one of the major problems of the conventional PM Bragg gratings (i.e., the narrow spacing or even the partial spectral overlap between spectra of the two polarization eigenmodes) and substantially enhances the multiparameter sensing capability of FBGs by offering a wider sensing range and higher discrimination. Furthermore, the high thermal stability of FBGs (up to 1000 degrees C for silica fibers) inscribed by IR femtosecond lasers provides for multiparameter sensing in harsh, high temperature environments. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. RP Zhan, C (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM cuz103@psu.edu NR 20 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 101 IS 5 AR 053110 DI 10.1063/1.2437583 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 146PB UT WOS:000244945400010 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG Peckham, RM Duke, LE Shimizu, T Chaudry, IH Tsokos, GC AF Kiang, Juliann G. Peckham, Russell M. Duke, Leah E. Shimizu, Tomoharu Chaudry, Irshad H. Tsokos, George C. TI Androstenediol inhibits the trauma-hemorrhage-induced increase in caspase-3 by downregulating the inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hemorrhage shock; caspase-9; cytochrome c; adiol; 5-androstene-3 beta,17 beta-diol ID NEURONAL CELL-DEATH; HEPATIC BLOOD-FLOW; NF-KAPPA B; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; CARDIAC-FUNCTION; UP-REGULATION; LIVER-INJURY; IN-VIVO; SHOCK; APOPTOSIS AB Soft tissue trauma and hemorrhage (T-H) diminishes various aspects of liver function, while it increases hepatic nitrate/nitrite, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and endothelin-1 levels. Treatment with androstenediol (AED) inhibits the T-H-induced alterations of the above parameters. We sought to identify the molecular events underlying the beneficial effect of AED. Exposure of rats to T-H significantly increased the caspase-3 activity and protein, whereas treatment with AED significantly limited these increases. AED treatment also suppressed the T-H-induced increase in iNOS by effectively altering the levels of key transcription factors involved in the regulation of iNOS expression. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting analyses indicate that T-H increased apoptosome formation, and AED treatment significantly decreased it. Modulating the iNOS protein by transfecting cells with iNOS gene or small interfering RNA further confirmed the correlation between iNOS and caspase-3. Our data indicate that AED limits caspase-3 expression by suppressing the expression of transcription factors involved in the production of iNOS, resulting in decreased apoptosome. AED can potentially be a useful adjuvant for limiting liver apoptosis following T-H shock. C1 Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Alabama, Surg Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Surg, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Kiang, JG (reprint author), Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bldg 42,Room 2423 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM iang@afrri.usuhs.mil NR 60 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 102 IS 3 BP 933 EP 941 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00919.2006 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 143LF UT WOS:000244722400017 PM 17110508 ER PT J AU Poupko, JM Baskin, SI Moore, E AF Poupko, Jay M. Baskin, Steven I. Moore, Eric TI The pharmacological properties of anisodamine SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anisodamine; cholinergic antagonist; pharmacological properties; therapeutic effects ID DRUGS; ATROPINE; CELLS; MICE AB Anisodamine is a naturally occurring atropine derivative that has been isolated, synthesized and characterized by scientists in the People's Republic of China. Like atropine and scopolamine, anisodamine is a non-specific cholinergic antagonist exhibiting the usual spectrum of pharmacological effects of this drug class. It appears to be less potent and less toxic than atropine and displays less CNS toxicity than scopolamine. Anisodamine has been shown to interact with and disrupt liposome structure which may reflect its effects on cellular membranes. Experimental evidence implicates anisodamine as an anti-oxidant that may protect against free radical-induced cellular damage. Its cardiovascular properties include depression of cardiac conduction and the ability to protect against arrhythmia induced by various agents. Anisodamine is a relatively weak a, adrenergic antagonist which may explain its vasodilating activity. Its anti-thrombotic activity may be a result of inhibition of thromboxane synthesis. The T,12 of anisodamine in humans is about 2-3 h. Numerous therapeutic uses of anisodamine have been proposed including treatment of septic shock, various circulatory disorders, organophosphorus (OP) poisoning, migraine, gastric ulcers, gastrointestinal colic, acute glomerular nepbritis, eclampsia, respiratory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, obstructive jaundice, opiate addiction, snake bite and radiation damage protection. The primary therapeutic use of anisodamine has been for the treatment of septic shock. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain its beneficial effect though most mechanisms are based upon the assumption that anisodamine ultimately acts by an improvement of blood flow in the microcirculation. Preliminary studies suggest another important therapeutic use of anisodamine is for the treatment of OP poisoning. Additional research is needed to delineate further the clinical usefulness of anisodamine relative to other anti-muscarinic drugs such as atropine and scopolamine. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 AMEDD Ctr & Sch, Dept Med Sci, Phys Assitant Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Chem Biol Technol Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Poupko, JM (reprint author), AMEDD Ctr & Sch, Dept Med Sci, Phys Assitant Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM jay.poupko@amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 39 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 27 IS 2 BP 116 EP 121 DI 10.1002/jat.1154 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 152OB UT WOS:000245370200002 PM 17186568 ER PT J AU Miller, KL Frattarelli, JL AF Miller, Kristin L. Frattarelli, John L. TI The pre-cycle blind mock embryo transfer is an inaccurate predictor of anticipated embryo transfer depth SO JOURNAL OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE blind pre-cycle mock embryo transfer; in vitro fertilization; infertility; pregnancy rate; ultrasound-guided embryo transfer; uterine cavity depth ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; CLINICAL PREGNANCY RATES; TRIAL; IVF; IMPLANTATION; METAANALYSIS; POSITION; UTERUS AB Purpose: To assess if the uterine cavity depth measured by a blind pre-cycle mock transfer changes after gonadotropin stimulation. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study at an academic IVF program involving 128 infertility patients. The main outcome measures were uterine cavity depth measured at the blind pre-stimulation mock transfer and the ultrasound-guided embryo transfer. Results: A >= 1 cm increase in uterine cavity depth was found in 57.9% of the patients. The mean pre-cycle blind mock transfer uterine depth significantly differed from the mean uterine depth measured at embryo transfer. Based on the mock transfer, the anticipated embryo transfer depth was significantly less than the actual ultrasound-guided embryo transfer depth. Conclusion: Uterine depth significantly differed between the blind pre-cycle mock transfer measurement and the ultrasound-guided embryo transfer measurement. The mock transfer may predict a difficult embryo transfer but it is an inaccurate predictor of the final embryo transfer depth. C1 Reprod Med Associates New Jersey, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Reprod Med Associates New Jersey, 100 Franklin Sq Dr,Suite 200, Somerset, NJ 08873 USA. EM jfrattarelli@rmanj.com NR 18 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1058-0468 J9 J ASSIST REPROD GEN JI J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 77 EP 82 DI 10.1007/s10815-006-9098-1 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 154UX UT WOS:000245534400007 PM 17216563 ER PT J AU Lund, DJ Edsall, P Stuck, BE Schulmeister, K AF Lund, David J. Edsall, Peter Stuck, Bruce E. Schulmeister, Karl TI Variation of laser-induced retinal injury thresholds with retinal irradiated area: 0.1-s duration, 514-nm exposures SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article DE retina; laser injury thresholds; spot-size dependence; laser bioeffects; laser safety ID RHESUS-MONKEY; VISUAL-ACUITY; DAMAGE; DIAMETER; SIZE AB The retinal injury threshold dose for laser exposure varies as a function of the irradiated area on the retina. Zuclich reported thresholds for laser-induced retinal injury from 532 nm, nanosecond-duration laser exposures that varied as the square of the diameter of the irradiated area on the retina. We report data for 0.1-s-duration retinal exposures to 514-nm, argon laser irradiation. Thresholds for macular injury at 24 h are 1.05, 1.40, 1.77, 3.58, 8.60, and 18.6 mJ for retinal exposures at irradiance diameters of 20, 69, 136, 281, 562, and 1081 mu m, respectively. These thresholds vary as the diameter of the irradiated retinal area. The relationship between the retinal injury threshold and retinal irradiance diameter is a function of the exposure duration. The 0.1-s-duration data of this experiment and the nanosecond-duration data of Zuclich show that the ED50 (50% effective dose) for exposure to a highly collimated beam does not decrease relative to the value obtained for a retinal irradiance diameter of 100 mu m. These results can form the basis to improve current laser safety guidelines in the nanosecond-duration regime. These results are relevant for ophthalmic devices incorporating both wavefront correction and retinal exposure to a collimated laser. (C) 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USAMRD, WRAIR, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Northrop Grumman, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Austrian Res Ctr, Med Phys Dept, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria. RP Lund, DJ (reprint author), USAMRD, WRAIR, 7965 Dave ERwin Dr,Bldg 176, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM jack.lund@brooks.af.mil NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOCIETY PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1083-3668 J9 J BIOMED OPT JI J. Biomed. Opt. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 12 IS 2 AR 024023 DI 10.1117/1.2714810 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 173FW UT WOS:000246859900039 PM 17477738 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Burns, TC Lacap, AP Granville, RR Gajewski, DA AF Potter, Benjamin K. Burns, Travis C. Lacap, Anton P. Granville, Robert R. Gajewski, Donald A. TI Heterotopic ossification following traumatic and combat-related amputations - Prevalence, risk factors, and preliminary results of excision SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; ACETABULAR FRACTURE SURGERY; VACUUM-ASSISTED CLOSURE; RADIATION-THERAPY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; HUMAN OSTEOBLASTS; BONE-FORMATION; VIETNAM-WAR; PREVENTION; INDOMETHACIN AB Background: Although infrequently reported in amputees previously, heterotopic ossification has proven to be a common and problematic clinical entity in our recent experience in the treatment of traumatic and combat-related amputations related to Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. The purpose of the present study was to report the prevalence of and risk factors for heterotopic ossification following trauma-related amputation as well as the preliminary results of operative excision. Methods: We identified 330 patients with a total of 373 traumatic and combat-related amputations who had been managed at our centers between September 11, 2001 and November 30, 2005. We reviewed the medical records and radiographs of 187 patients with 213 amputations who had adequate radiographic follow-up. Additional analysis was performed for twenty-four patients with twenty-five limbs that required excision of symptomatic lesions. The mechanism and zone of injury, amputation level, timing of excision, use of prophylaxis against recurrence, and other confounding variables were examined. Outcomes were assessed by determining clinical and radiographic recurrence rates, perioperative complications, preoperative and follow-up pain medication requirements, and the ability to be fit with a functional prosthesis. Results: Heterotopic ossification was present in 134 (63%) of 213 residual limbs, with twenty-five lesions requiring excision. A final amputation level within the zone of injury was a risk factor for both the development and the grade of heterotopic ossification (p < 0.05). A blast mechanism was predictive of occurrence (p < 0.05) but did not correlate with grade. All patients who had been managed with excision were tolerating the prosthetic limb at an average of twelve months of follow-up. Twenty-three limbs demonstrated no evidence of recurrence, and two limbs had development of clinically asymptomatic, radiographically minimal recurrences. Six patients experienced wound-related complications that required reoperation, and two patients required subsequent minor revision surgery. There was a significant decrease in the use of pain medication following surgery (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Heterotopic ossification following trauma-related amputation is more common than the literature would suggest, particularly following amputations that are performed within the initial zone of injury and those that are due to blast injuries. Many patients are asymptomatic or can be successfully managed with modification of the prosthesis. For patients with refractory symptoms, surgical excision is associated with low recurrence rates and decreased medication requirements, with acceptable complication rates. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Amputee Serv, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Amputee Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Potter, BK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Clin 5A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Beiijamin.Potter@na.amedd.army.mil OI Potter, MD, Benjamin K./0000-0002-8771-0317 NR 68 TC 127 Z9 127 U1 1 U2 12 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 89A IS 3 BP 476 EP 486 DI 10.2106/JBJS.F.00412 PG 11 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 143OG UT WOS:000244731400003 PM 17332095 ER PT J AU Ray, JC AF Ray, James C. TI Risk-based prioritization of terrorist threat mitigation measures on bridges SO JOURNAL OF BRIDGE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE bridges; remedial action; risk management; terrorism AB This paper describes a risk-based methodology developed to facilitate prioritization of terrorist threat mitigation strategies on individual bridges. Numerous risk-based methods have been used for prioritization among a group of bridges or other assets. However, this methodology is unique in that it is specifically designed to focus on a single bridge and the risk associated with each of its many individual structural components. "Risk," as discussed herein, describes the relative potential for a terrorist attack against a specific component and the associated consequence from the attack. It is based on such factors as the component's importance to overall structural stability, its location and thus accessibility to terrorists, and its resistance to the specific threat. The component-specific risk factors and their modifying attributes are described. The result of the methodology is a rank-ordered list of components most at risk to an attack, allowing prioritization and optimization of the mitigation design for the bridge. Once mitigation schemes are identified, the methodology can then be utilized to recalculate mitigated risk, allowing for a direct indication of cost/benefit of the mitigation design. The methodology and comparison criteria are described and a simple application example is given to demonstrate the usefulness of the methodology. C1 Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ray, JC (reprint author), Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0702 J9 J BRIDGE ENG JI J. Bridge Eng. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 12 IS 2 BP 140 EP 146 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2007)12:2(140) PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 156ZQ UT WOS:000245688800001 ER PT J AU Braue, EH Graham, JS Doxzon, BF Hanssen, KA Lumpkin, HL Stevenson, RS Deckert, RR Dalal, SJ Mitcheltree, LW AF Braue, Ernest H., Jr. Graham, John S. Doxzon, Bryce F. Hanssen, Kelly A. Lumpkin, Horace L. Stevenson, Robert S. Deckert, Robin R. Dalal, Stephen J. Mitcheltree, Larry W. TI Noninvasive methods for determining lesion depth from vesicant exposure SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID INDOCYANINE GREEN FLUORESCENCE; LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; BURN DEPTH; SULFUR MUSTARD; INJURY; MODEL AB Before sulfur mustard (HD) injuries can be effectively treated, assessment of lesion depth must occur. Accurate depth assessment is important because it dictates how aggressive treatment needs to be to minimize or prevent cosmetic and functional deficits. Depth of injury typically is assessed by physical examination. Diagnosing very superficial and very deep lesions is relatively easy for the experienced burn surgeon. Lesions of intermediate depth, however, are often problematic in determining the need for grafting. This study was a preliminary evaluation of two noninvasive bioengineering methodologies, laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) and indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (ICGFI), to determine their ability to accurately diagnose depth of sulfur mustard lesions in a weanling swine model. Histological evaluation was used to assess the accuracy of the imaging techniques in determining burn depth. Six female weanling swine (8-12 kg) were exposed to 400 mu l of neat sulfur mustard on six ventral sites for 2, 8, 30, or 60 minutes. This exposure regimen produced lesions of varying depths from superficial to deep dermal. Evaluations of lesion depth using the bioengineering techniques were conducted at 24, 48, and 72 hours after exposure. After euthanasia at 72 hours after exposure, skin biopsies were taken from each site and processed for routine hematoxylin and eosin histological evaluation to determine the true depth of the lesion. Results demonstrated that LDPI and ICGFI were useful tools to characterize skin perfusion and provided a good estimate of HD lesion depth. Traditional LDPI and the novel prototype ICGFI instrumentation used in this study produced images of blood flow through skin lesions, which provided a useful assessment of burn depth. LDPI and ICGFI accurately predicted the need for aggressive treatment (30- and 60-minute HD lesions) and nonaggressive treatment (2- and 8-minute HD lesions) for the lesions generated in this study. Histological evaluation confirmed the accuracy of the assessment. The ICGFI instrument offers several advantages over LDPI including real-time blood flow imaging, low cost, small size, portability, and not requiring the patient to be repositioned. A negative, however, is the need for intravenous dye injection. Although this would not be an issue in a hospital, it may be problematic in a mass casualty field setting. Additional experiments are required to determine the exposure time necessary to produce a graded series of partial-thickness HD lesions and to optimize instrumental parameters. The data generated in this follow-on study will allow for a full assessment of the potential LDPI and ICGFI hold for predicting the need for aggressive treatment after HD exposure. The lasting message is that objective imaging techniques can augment the visual judgment of burn depth. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Braue, EH (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 28 IS 2 BP 275 EP 285 DI 10.1097/BCR.0B013E318031A1A8 PG 11 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 142BF UT WOS:000244622800012 PM 17351445 ER PT J AU Furusato, B Koff, S McLeod, DG Sesterhenn, IA AF Furusato, Bungo Koff, Stacey McLeod, David G. Sesterhenn, Isabell A. TI Sarcoidosis of the prostate SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A 55-year-old African-American man with clinical stage T1c prostate cancer underwent prostatectomy. Non-caseating, epithelioid granulomata adjacent to the anterior fibromuscular stroma were found incidentally. The granulomata included Langhans giant cells with rare conchoidal bodies. The distribution of the granulomata was not that of non-specific granulomatous prostatitis centred around ducts and glands. By immunohistochemistry, the epithelioid cells were positive for angiotensin-converting enzyme. The histological appearance suggested sarcoidosis, which was confirmed by the clinical history. Four years earlier, the patient had been treated for sarcoidosis. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Sesterhenn, IA (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, 6825 16th St NW,Bldg 54,PB13, Washington, DC 20306 USA. EM sesterhe@afip.osd.mil OI Furusato, Bungo/0000-0003-4614-9882 NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0021-9746 J9 J CLIN PATHOL JI J. Clin. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 60 IS 3 BP 325 EP 326 DI 10.1136/jcp.2006.039222 PG 2 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 143UA UT WOS:000244750100019 PM 17347286 ER PT J AU Earles, JE Kerr, B James, LC Folen, RA AF Earles, Jay E. Kerr, Burton James, Larry C. Folen, Raymond A. TI Clinical effectiveness of the LE(3)AN Program: A military healthy lifestyle program SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN MEDICAL SETTINGS LA English DT Article DE obesity; behavior therapy ID OBESITY TREATMENT PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES; OVERWEIGHT; SOLDIERS; NAVY; PREVALENCE; RISK; ARMY AB For several decades, obesity has been a major health concern within the general population of the United States as well as within the unique military population. Unlike the civilian sector, military service requires individuals to meet weight and body fat standards. In order to assist overweight military personnel return to standards, Tripler Army Medical Center initiated the LE(3)AN Program. LE(3)AN is a one-week, day-treatment, cognitive-behavioral weight management program coupled with 12 months of weekly follow-up. Baseline data was collected on 387 consecutive participants. Despite physical fitness training and required standards in each military service, the average BMIs for men and women were in the obese range, with male participants' BMIs significantly higher than women's (34.3 vs 31.9, p <.005). One year outcome data was collected from 167 participants, i.e. 43.2% of treatment initiators. Among participants who completed treatment, men maintained a 6.56% loss of their initial weight while women maintained a 7.35% loss. Over a quarter, 26.6%, of those who started the program (but did not complete it) maintained at least a 5% weight loss at one year, while 61.6% of treatment completers maintained 5% weight losses. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Ft Lewis, WA USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Earles, JE (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM jay.earles@comcast.net NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9583 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOL MED S JI J. Clin. Psychol. Med. Settings PD MAR PY 2007 VL 14 IS 1 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1007/s10880-007-9052-0 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 153TE UT WOS:000245457300006 ER PT J AU Lever, JH Gooch, G AF Lever, J. H. Gooch, G. TI Assessing the performance of a sloped-block ice-control structure SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID FLOW; JAM AB Hardwick, Vt., having experienced 10 ice-jam floods in 30 years, has not experienced one since construction of a sloped-block ice-control structure (ICS) in 1994. This innovative structure consists of four sloped granite blocks spaced across the Lamoille River upstream of the village and adjacent to a treed floodplain. It arrests ice runs, forms partially grounded jams, and retains these jams for hours to days. The measured ice-hydraulic characteristics of the breakup runs and resulting ice jams (e.g., wave celerities and amplitudes, porous-flow seepage coefficients) are similar to characteristics obtained from the 1:10-scale model tests used to develop the structure. Seepage coefficients, and hence jam porosities, generally increase with increasing discharge, and only two breakup events have caused floodplain flow. Water temperatures of 0.1-0.3 degrees C measured during a breakup event confirm that ice melting can account for the rate of porosity increase. Field and model data indicate that ice-jam holding time and jam-release discharge increase with increasing ice-piece thickness to a threshold of 6-7% of ICS gap width, beyond which no releases occur. Consistency between prototype and model ice-hydraulic characteristics and ice-holding capacity reinforce the conclusion that the sloped-block ICS can reliably retain ice jams during breakup events that pose the greatest flood threat: thick, strong ice, and large breakup waves. This ice-retention behavior can account for the observed reduction in ice-jam flooding in Hardwick during the past 11 seasons. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Lever, JH (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM james.h.lever@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 21 IS 1 BP 19 EP 39 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(2007)21:1(19) PG 21 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 138ZP UT WOS:000244402100002 ER PT J AU Phetteplace, G AF Phetteplace, Gary TI Geothermal heat pumps SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Geothermal heat pumps can be considered a sustainable technology, as they reclaim and recycle thermal energy from the earth. In climates with a near balance in the annual heating and cooling loads, they function essentially as a seasonal energy storage scheme. This paper presents an overview of the technology. The various types of geothermal heat pumps are explained along with their relative merits. Detailed discussion is included on the most common method of ground coupling for commercial scale applications, the vertical borehole heat exchanger. Issues with sizing the heat exchanger and grouting it are discussed, as well as the motivation for in situ thermal properties testing. In-building equipment, including the heat pumps themselves, is briefly described. Experience with geothermal heat pumps to date is presented for both residential and commercial scale applications. Regional market penetration and competitiveness are also discussed for both residential and commercial scale applications. The paper concludes that the overall outlook for expanded application of geothermal heat pumps is very favorable. C1 USA, ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Phetteplace, G (reprint author), USA, ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM gephet@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9402 J9 J ENERG ENG-ASCE JI J. Energy Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2007 VL 133 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(2007)133:1(32) PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 137EX UT WOS:000244276900006 ER PT J AU Fox, GA Fuchs, JW Medina, VF Atapattu, K AF Fox, Garey A. Fuchs, John W. Medina, Victor F. Atapattu, Kaumudi TI Capture of airborne particulate using surface applied emulsions: Potential for postdetonation dirty bomb cleanup SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE environmental issues; particles; radioactive materials; terrorism; emulsions ID NUCLEAR DECONTAMINATION; SOIL AB Recent research has proposed the use of asphalt and tall-oil-pitch emulsions for stabilizing radioactive contamination deposited on surfaces in urban areas. The objective of this project was to investigate whether surface applied emulsions could capture airborne radioactive particulate. Laboratory experiments included wind-blown particulate capture studies using an acrylic column and particulate retainment experiments using a wind box capable of producing wind speeds of 96 km/h. A probe methodology was developed to relate particulate retainment to a tack force on the emulsion surface. Experiments were also performed to determine the potential for such emulsions to absorb particulate matter into their emulsion matrix. Tall-oil-pitch emulsions outperformed asphalt emulsions in terms of particulate retention, tack force, and the ability to absorb magnesium silicate. Both tall-oil-pitch and asphalt emulsions were capable of extracting 22-24 g m(-2) of powder from particulate-laden airflow. Tall-oil-pitch emulsions were capable of retaining as much as 5-10% of magnesium silicate powder applied (i.e., retainment densities of 10-20 g m(-2)) even after seven days of curing and after applying 96.5 km/h (60 mph) wind. Tall-oil-pitch emulsions were able to absorb surface-applied magnesium silicate (approximately 0.1-0.2 g of magnesium silicate per 1.0 g of emulsion within three days) into their emulsion matrix, preventing the magnesium silicate from being exposed to the external environment. Initial results with these five different emulsion formulations Suggested particulate capture was feasible. Future emulsion formulations (i.e., longer curing times with greater acid concentrations) should be tested to optimize this postdetonation response strategy. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fox, GA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 120 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM garey.fox@okstate.edu; jwfuchs@okstate.edu; victor.f.medina@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD MAR PY 2007 VL 133 IS 3 BP 255 EP 262 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2007)133:3(255) PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 137HM UT WOS:000244283700001 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, JS Miser, WF Bova, JG AF Ahluwalia, Jaspal Singh Miser, William F. Bova, James G. TI Virtual colonoscopy: What is its role in cancer screening? SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC COLONOGRAPHY; CT COLONOGRAPHY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; ASYMPTOMATIC ADULTS; POLYPS; COLON; CARCINOMA; ENDOSCOPY; NEOPLASIA; PATIENT C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Family Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Ohio State Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Ahluwalia, JS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jaspal.ahluwalia@us.army.mil RI Miser, William/E-3686-2011 NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU DOWDEN HEALTH MEDIA PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 56 IS 3 BP 186 EP 191 PG 6 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 191GG UT WOS:000248119000007 PM 17343807 ER PT J AU Williams, LR Hudson, JD Williams, MG Campbell-Arvai, V Bonner, TH AF Williams, Lance R. Hudson, James D., III Williams, Marsha G. Campbell-Arvai, Victoria Bonner, Timothy H. TI Evaluation of a stream system after clearcut logging disturbance in the gulf coastal plain SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; LAND-USE; APPALACHIAN STREAMS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; HABITAT STRUCTURE; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; FINE SEDIMENT; WATER-QUALITY; MACROINVERTEBRATES AB We examined potential impacts of removal of timber, road construction, and military operations on a stream system at Fort Polk, Louisiana. In 1989, approximately 1,057 ha of upland pine and riparian hardwood timber were removed from the middle section of the Birds Creek watershed. In addition, roads were installed to facilitate vehicular passage during military exercises. Approximately 2.6-km of Birds Creek stream length occurred within the logged portion, which has been maintained as a cleared area since timber was harvested. During 2001-2005, we evaluated the assemblage structure of fishes and macroinvertebrates and the associated habitat at five sites in Birds Creek and five sites in an adjacent but unaffected stream, Whiskey Chitto Creek. Whatever the effects of timbering and construction, 12-yrs after the disturbance the affected sites on Birds Creek contained heterogeneous habitats that supported rich and diverse fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages, not unlike those of the other sites on Birds Creek and the adjacent control stream. C1 Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. USA, Environm & Nat Resources Management Div, Fort Polk, LA 71459 USA. Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, Aquat Stn, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP Williams, LR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM williams.2323@osu.edu NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 USA SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 22 IS 1 BP 119 EP 133 DI 10.1080/02705060.2007.9664152 PG 15 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 137XF UT WOS:000244325600014 ER PT J AU Uzarski, DR Grussing, MN Clayton, JB AF Uzarski, Donald R. Grussing, Michael N. Clayton, James B. TI Knowledge-Based Condition Survey Inspection Concepts SO JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article AB The U. S. Army's Engineer Research and Development Center-Construction Engineering Research Laboratory has developed a "knowledge-based" approach to planning and conducting routine facility inspections. Rather than simply recording deficiencies on a calendar-based schedule this new approach uses knowledge of facilities to develop and execute a tailored inspection plan for individually defined facility "management units." This knowledge includes measurable attributes such as facility importance, management unit importance, condition (past, present, and predicted future), desired condition thresholds, and expected asset remaining life. Also, recognizing that there are several inspection objectives to be met at different times in a management unit life cycle, different levels of inspections may be used at different times to attain those objectives. The "knowledge-based condition survey inspection (KBCSI)" approach marries all of these elements together to develop inspection plans for a vast array of facility components. The result is more meaningful facility inspection information with less inspection effort compared to traditional calendar-based inspection approaches. This paper discusses the KBCSI approach as applied to building component life cycle management. C1 [Uzarski, Donald R.] Unity Consultants Inc, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. [Grussing, Michael N.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. [Clayton, James B.] Unity Consultants Inc, Burke, VA 22015 USA. RP Uzarski, DR (reprint author), Unity Consultants Inc, 2011 Barberry Circle, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. EM DUzarski@UnityConsultants.com; mgrussing@cecer.army.mil; JClayton@UnityConsultants.com FU ERDC-CERL; Army Center for Public Works; BUILDER EMS enhancements; NAVFAC FX The knowledge-based condition survey inspection concept and development has been sponsored by ERDC-CERL. Unity Consultants, Inc. holds a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with ERDC-CERL and assisted in refining the KBSCI process. Initial BUILDER EMS development was sponsored by ERDC-CERL and the former Army Center for Public Works. The Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) sponsored additional BUILDER EMS enhancements. The writers would especially like to acknowledge and thank Roy Morris and Charles Abell from NAVFAC for their support and encouragement. Addi- tionally, the writers gratefully acknowledge the software engineering efforts of Lance Marrano from ERDC-CERL. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1076-0342 J9 J INFRASTRUCT SYST JI J. Infrastruct. Syst. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 13 IS 1 BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2007)13:1(72) PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA V25VR UT WOS:000208506000008 ER PT J AU Mascari, TM Mitchell, MA Rowton, ED Foil, LD AF Mascari, T. M. Mitchell, M. A. Rowton, E. D. Foil, L. D. TI Laboratory evaluation of diflubenzuron as a feed-through for control of immature sand flies (Diptera : Psychodidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phlebotomus papatasi; diflubenzuron; sand fly control ID ZOONOTIC CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; HOUSE-FLY; TH-6040; MANURE; POPULATION; RESIDUES; CATTLE AB The benzoylurea chitin synthesis inhibitor diflubenzuron was evaluated as a rodent feed-through for the control of immature stages of Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli (Diptera: Psychodidae). The development and survival of second instars of P. papatasi larvae that were fed feces from Syrian hamsters, Mesocricetus auratus, that had been fed a diet containing 0, 8.97, 89.7, or 897 ppm diflubenzuron was evaluated. No pupation or adult emergence occurred when larvae were fed feces from hamsters that were fed diets containing diflubenzuron. The mortality of sand flies fed feces from treated hamsters was coincident with pupation of the controls, suggesting a specific effect on the larval-to-pupal molt. The results of this study suggest that a control strategy using rodent baits containing diflubenzuron for phlebotomine sand flies and zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis may be possible. C1 Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Mascari, TM (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, 402 Life Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM tmascari@agcenter.lsu.edu RI Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011 OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485 NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 171 EP 174 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2007)44[171:LEODAA]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 144YV UT WOS:000244833400001 PM 17427683 ER PT J AU Burkett, DA Knight, R Dennett, JA Sherwood, V Rowton, E Coleman, RE AF Burkett, Douglas A. Knight, Ronald Dennett, James A. Sherwood, Van Rowton, Edgar Coleman, Russell E. TI Impact of phlebotomine sand flies on US military operations at Tallil Air Base, Iraq: 3. Evaluation of surveillance devices for the collection of adult sand flies SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BAIT; SANDFLIES; LEISHMANIASIS; PSYCHODIDAE; DIPTERA; TRAP AB We evaluated the effectiveness of commercially available light traps and sticky traps baited with chemical light sticks for the collection of phlebotomine sand flies. Evaluations were conducted at Tallil Air Base, Iraq, in 2003. In an initial study, a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-style trap with UV bulb collected significantly more sand flies than did an up-draft CDC trap, a standard down-draft CDC trap (STD-CDC), or a sticky strap with a green chemical light stick. In a subsequent study, we found that the addition of chemical light sticks to sticky traps resulted in a significant increase in the number of sand flies collected compared with sticky traps without the light sticks. These data indicate that 1) the CDC light trap with an UV bulb is an effective alternative to the standard CDC light trap for collecting phlebotomine sand flies in Iraq, and 2) that the addition of a chemical light stick to a sticky trap can result in a field-expedient tool for the collection of sand flies. C1 USAF, Air Expedit Crp 407, Theater Army Med Lab 520, Tallil Air Base, Iraq. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Coleman, RE (reprint author), USAF, Air Expedit Crp 407, Theater Army Med Lab 520, Tallil Air Base, Iraq. EM russell.coleman@us.army.mil RI Rowton, Edgar/A-4474-2012; Rowton, Edgar/A-1975-2011 OI Rowton, Edgar/0000-0002-1979-1485 NR 15 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMERICA PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 44 IS 2 BP 381 EP 384 DI 10.1603/0022-2585-44.2.381 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 144YV UT WOS:000244833400032 PM 17427713 ER PT J AU Burstein, A Eichenbaum, M Rebelo, S AF Burstein, Ariel Eichenbaum, Martin Rebelo, Sergio TI Modeling exchange rate passthrough after large devaluations SO JOURNAL OF MONETARY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE exchange rate; devaluations; passthrough; sticky prices ID REAL-BUSINESS-CYCLE; MONETARY-POLICY; COSTS; CONSTRAINTS; CRISES AB Large devaluations are generally associated with large declines in real exchange rates. We develop a model which embodies two complementary forces that account for the large declines in the real exchange rate that occur in the aftermath of large devaluations. The first force is sticky nontradable-goods prices. The second force is the impact of real shocks that often accompany large devaluations. We argue that sticky nontradable goods prices generally play an important role in explaining post-devaluation movements in real exchange rates. However, real shocks can sometimes be primary drivers of real exchange-rate movements. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 NBER, USA, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Rebelo, S (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM s-rebelo@kellogg.northwestern.edu RI nipe, cef/A-4218-2010 NR 22 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3932 J9 J MONETARY ECON JI J. Monetary Econ. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 54 IS 2 BP 346 EP 368 DI 10.1016/j.jmoneco.2005.08.013 PG 23 WC Business, Finance; Economics SC Business & Economics GA 157NE UT WOS:000245726100006 ER PT J AU Vath, SA Owens, BD Stoneman, P AF Vath, Shane A. Owens, Brett D. Stoneman, Paul TI Insidious onset of shoulder girdle weakness SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE axillary nerve mononeuropathy; pack palsy; rucksack palsy ID TRUNK BRACHIAL PLEXOPATHY; THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME; AXILLARY NERVE INJURIES; SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE; SERRATUS ANTERIOR; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; ISOLATED PARALYSIS; FOOTBALL PLAYERS; ACCESSORY NERVE; NEUROPATHY AB STUDY DESIGN: Resident's case problem. BACKGROUND: An 18-year-old man presented to physical therapy 3 days after insidious onset of painless left shoulder girdle weakness. DIAGNOSIS: Decreased light touch sensation was noted on the lateral left shoulder. In addition, weakness was present with shoulder abduction, flexion, external rotation, and internal rotation. Results of magnetic resonance imaging and radiography of the cervical spine, brachial plexus, and left shoulder were normal. Electromyography and nerve conduction velocity study findings were consistent with axillary nerve palsy. The results of the physical examination and diagnostic studies were most consistent with axillary nerve mononeuropathy, probably caused by traction or pressure due to wearing a pack while hiking or firing a weapon. DISCUSSION: With sling protection, limitation of physical activity, and gradual return to progressive resistance exercises, the patient had full return of strength and function 2112 months after onset of symptoms. The differential diagnosis for shoulder girdle weakness should be well understood by physical therapists. This knowledge will help the therapist promptly identify the cause of shoulder girdle weakness and initiate appropriate treatment. If the condition requires further evaluation or treatment by another healthcare provider, prompt identification of pathology will allow appropriate timely referral. C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, US Mil Baylor Univ Postprofess Sports Med Phys Th, West Point, NY USA. RP Vath, SA (reprint author), USS George Washington CVN 73, Dept Med, Box 67, APO, AE 09550 USA. EM vaths@cvn73.navy.mil NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 37 IS 3 BP 140 EP 147 DI 10.2519/jospt.2007.2249 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 149LJ UT WOS:000245148100008 PM 17416129 ER PT J AU Wood, MC Thompson, GA Agar, JR AF Wood, Marjorie C. Thompson, Geoffrey A. Agar, John R. TI A comparison of debonding strengths of four metal-ceramic systems with and without opaque porcelain SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID BOND STRENGTH; WEAR; ENAMEL AB Statement of problem. When performing an adjustment on metal-ceramic restorations, opaque porcelain may become exposed, particularly on the lingual surface of maxillary anterior teeth. It is generally believed that exposed opaque porcelain can be more abrasive and destructive to an opposing dentition than body porcelain, and that these teeth may require restoration as a consequence. Purpose. This study compared the debonding strengths of 2 types of porcelain, with and without opaque porcelain, to 2 types of dental casting alloys. Material and methods. Two porcelain systems, Ceramco3 and Vita 900, and 2 metal alloys, a high noble (Encore) and a base metal (Duceranium U), were used to fabricate and test 56 flexure bars in accordance with ISO 9693:1999(E): Metal-Ceramic Dental Restorative Systems. Half of the bars received opaque porcelain prior to body porcelain additions, and the other half did not. The metal-ceramic debonding strength was determined by using a 3-point flexure apparatus and a mechanical testing device (Instron). A center load was applied at a crosshead speed of 1.5 mm/min(-1) until debonding occurred. In addition to the load-versus - displacement curve, a precision measurement microphone was used to assist in ascertaining the point in time when debonding occurred. Since the sound analysis and the mechanical test were started simultaneously, the debonding load could be more accurately determined. Data were statistically analyzed using 3-way analysis of variance, and all pairwise multiple comparisons were made with the Tukey HSD test (alpha=.05). Results. The difference in mean debonding strength values for opaqued and non-opaqued flexure bars were statistically significant (P=.028). The mean debonding strength values (MPa) for each metal-ceramic system were as follows: Encore-Opaque-Ceramco3 (EOC), 31.43 +/- 6.92 degrees; Encore-Opaque-Vita 900 (EOV), 30.37 +/- 3.2 5 a; Duceranium U-No Opaque-Ceramco3 (DNC), 29.20 +/- 6.97(a); Duceranium U-Opaque-Ceramco3 (DOC), 26.61 +/- 4.98(a); Duceranium U-Opaque-Vita 900 (DOV), 26.15 +/- 4.29(a); Encore-No Opaque-Vita 900 (ENV), 25.45 +/- 4.04(a); Encore-No Opaque-Ceramco3 (ENC), 23.96 +/- 4.14(a); Duceranium U-No Opaque-Vita 900 (DNV), 22.88 +/- 6.15(a). Identical superscript letters denote no significant difference among groups. The precision measurement microphone resulted in selection of a debonding strength/crack initiation load that was lower than the peak load recorded during strength testing. Conclusion. Initial debonding during crack initiation strength testing may not always correspond to the peak load recorded, but rather to the point on the load-versus-displacement curve beyond which the relationship is no longer a straight line. Presence of opaque porcelain generally increased the debonding strength for metal-ceramic systems; however, opaque porcelain may not be necessary for a clinically acceptable metal-ceramic bond for some metal-ceramic systems. C1 USA, Dent & Trauma Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. Univ Connecticut Prosthodont, Dept Oral Rehabil Biomat & Skeletal Dev, Farmington, CT USA. RP Thompson, GA (reprint author), USA, Dent & Trauma Res Detachment, 310B,B St,Bldg 1-H, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. EM geoffrey.thompson@na.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 97 IS 3 BP 141 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.12.013 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 155SP UT WOS:000245598700005 PM 17394912 ER PT J AU Korenman, LM Peynircioglu, ZF AF Korenman, Lisa M. Peynircioglu, Zehra F. TI Individual differences in learning and remembering music: Auditory versus visual presentation SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MUSIC EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID MODALITY; MEMORY; MEANINGFULNESS; CHILDREN; STYLE AB We examined the effects of presentation modality and learning style preference on people's ability to learn and remember unfamiliar melodies and sentences. In Experiment 1, we gauged musicians' and nonmusicians' learning efficiency for meaningful and less meaningful melodies as well as sentences when presented visually or auditorily. In Experiment 2, we tested the effects of the same variables on memory. Presentation modality did not make a difference, but learning-style preference did. Visual learners learned visually presented items faster and remembered them better than auditorily presented ones, and auditory learners did the reverse. Also, as expected, meaningful sentences were learned faster and remembered better than less meaningful ones. However, although musicians also learned meaningful melodies faster and remembered them better than less meaningful melodies, this was not the case for nonmusicians. C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10096 USA. American Univ, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP Korenman, LM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10096 USA. EM Lisa.Korenman@usma.edu; peynir@american.edu NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU MENC-NATL ASSOC MUSIC EDUCATION PI RESTON PA 1806 ROBERT FULTON DRIVE, RESTON, VA 20191-4348 USA SN 0022-4294 J9 J RES MUSIC EDUC JI J. Res. Music Educ. PD SPR PY 2007 VL 55 IS 1 BP 48 EP 64 PG 17 WC Education & Educational Research; Music SC Education & Educational Research; Music GA 206DU UT WOS:000249164900005 ER PT J AU Cord, MT Walden, BE Surr, RK Dittbernert, AB AF Cord, Mary T. Walden, Brian E. Surr, Rauna K. Dittbernert, Andrew B. TI Field evaluation of an asymmetric directional microphone fitting SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Convention of the American-Academy-of-Audiology CY APR, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Acad Audiol DE directional microphones; ease of listening; hearing aids; speech recognition AB Laboratory evidence suggests that an asymmetric microphone fitting (omnidirectional processing in one ear and directional processing in the other) can provide a directional advantage in background noise that is as great, or nearly as great, as that provided by binaural directional processing (Bentler et al, 2004). The present study investigated whether the potential benefit of an asymmetric fitting observed in the laboratory extends to real-life listening. Specifically, ease of listening was compared across a variety of real-life listening situations for asymmetric microphone fittings and bilateral omnidirectional processing. These ratings were compared to determine whether the asymmetric fitting provided an advantage in listening situations in which directional microphone processing is generally preferred and/or a disadvantage in listening situations in which omnidirectional microphone processing is generally preferred. Results suggest that an asymmetric fitting may be a viable option for patients who cannot or do not switch microphone modes. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. GN ReSound, Chicago, IL USA. RP Cord, MT (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM mary.cord@amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACADEMY OF AUDIOLOGY PI RESTON PA 11730 PLAZA DRIVE, STE 300, RESTON, VA 20190 USA SN 1050-0545 J9 J AM ACAD AUDIOL JI J. Am. Acad. Audiol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 18 IS 3 BP 245 EP 256 DI 10.3766/jaaa.18.3.6 PG 12 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 156KW UT WOS:000245647800006 PM 17479617 ER PT J AU Grinfeld, MA AF Grinfeld, M. A. TI Stress-driven morphological instabilities in rocks, glass, and ceramics SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Symposium on Crystallization in Glasses and Liquids CY SEP 24-28, 2006 CL Jackson Hole, WY ID GRINFELD INSTABILITY; CRYSTALS; HELIUM AB The purpose of this study is to further investigate the classical Gibbs analysis of the heterogeneous system "stressed crystal-melt." It is demonstrated that each equilibrium configuration is stable with respect to a special class of variations introduced by Gibbs. This basic result is compared with the opposite result on the universal morphological instability of phase interface separating a stressed crystal with its melt. Some plausible manifestations of the instabilities implied by the Gibbs model are qualitatively discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Grinfeld, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mgreenfield@arl.army.mil NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 90 IS 3 BP 682 EP 687 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2006.01378.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 143KM UT WOS:000244720100003 ER PT J AU Ried, LD McConkey, JR Bengtson, MA Garman, PM Hsu, CN Rahnavard, F AF Ried, L. Douglas McConkey, Joel R. Bengtson, Michael A. Garman, Patrick M. Hsu, Chienning Rahnavard, Farzad TI Weight and blood pressure changes after switching second-generation antipsychotics in a population of veterans with schizophrenia-related disorders SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHARMACISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE antipsychotic agents (second generation); schizophrenia; weight; obesity; body mass index; systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure; olanzapine ID GAIN; HYPERTENSION; ZIPRASIDONE; PREVENTION; OLANZAPINE; QUETIAPINE; MORTALITY AB Objectives: To describe (1) the association between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) changes and weight change and (2) weight, SBP, and DBP changes attributable to the medication following a switch from one second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) to another. Design: Retrospective, naturalistic, nonequivalent control group study. Setting: United States between April 1, 2002, and September 30, 2002. Patients: 1,425 U. S. Veterans Healthcare System enrollees with diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. Intervention: Analysis of data from the Veterans Integrated System Technology Architecture. Main outcome measures: Veterans' weight, SBP, and DBP. Results: Weight change and change in SBP (r = 0.19) and DBP (r = 0.15) were significant (P < 0.001), even after adjusting for obesity status (body mass index < 30 or = 30 kg/m(2)). Veterans who were switched from olanzapine to another SGA lost weight (P < 0.001), whereas those switched from another SGA to olanzapine gained weight (P < 0.05). Weight change remained significant after controlling for preswitch obesity status (P < 0.001). Blood pressure was not associated with switch type after adjusting for preswitch obesity status. Conclusion: Monitoring and aggressively treating weight change is an evidence-based and relatively inexpensive strategy that primary care practitioners and psychiatrists can use in working in tandem toward reducing the already greater cardiovascular risk of patients with schizophrenia. C1 [Ried, L. Douglas; Garman, Patrick M.; Hsu, Chienning] Univ Florida, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharm Hlth Care Adm, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Ried, L. Douglas; Bengtson, Michael A.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Ried, L. Douglas; Bengtson, Michael A.] Malcom Randall Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Rehabil Outcomes Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. [McConkey, Joel R.] Univ Florida, Coll Pharm, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Garman, Patrick M.] USA, Dept Def, Med Serv Crops, Washington, DC USA. [Rahnavard, Farzad] Univ Hamburg, Fak Math Informat & Naturwissench, Fac Chem, Abt Pharm, Aamburg, Germany. RP Ried, LD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharm Hlth Care Adm, POB 100496, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM ried@cop.ufl.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T35-HL07489] NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1544-3191 J9 J AM PHARM ASSOC JI J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 47 IS 2 BP 156 EP 164 DI 10.1331/N21N-8602-75K1-K1P2 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 266QO UT WOS:000253452300005 PM 17510002 ER PT J AU Case, S Horie, Y AF Case, Simon Horie, Yasuyuki TI Discrete element simulation of shock wave propagation in polycrystalline copper SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE shock waves; polycrystalline material; numerical algorithms; microstructures; elastic-plastic material ID METALS; DEFORMATION; CRYSTALS; MODES AB The implementation of the characteristic of compressive plasticity into the Discrete Element Code, DM2, while maintaining its quasi-molecular scheme, is described. The code is used to simulate the shock compression of polycrystalline copper at 3.35 and 11.0 GPa. The model polycrystal has a normal distribution of grain sizes, with mean diameter 14 pm, and three distinct grain orientations are permitted with respect to the shock direction; < 100 >, < 110 >, and < 111 >. Particle velocity dispersion (PVD) is present in the shock-induced flow, attaining its maximum magnitude at the plastic wave rise. PVD normalised to the average particle velocity of Delta u(y)/(u) over bar (P) = 0.05 and Delta u(y)/(u) over bar (P) = 0.087 are yielded for the 3.35 and 11.0 GPa shocks, respectively, and are of the same order as those seen in the experiment. Non-planar elastic and plastic wave fronts are present, the distribution in shock front position increasing with propagation distance. The rate of increase of the spread in shock front positions is found to be significantly smaller than that seen in probabilistic calculations on nickel polycrystals, and this difference is attributed, in the main, to grain interaction. Reflections at free surfaces yield a region of tension near to the target free surface. Due to the dispersive nature of the shock particle velocity and the non-planarity of the shock front, the tensile pressure is distributed. This may have implications for the spall strength, which are discussed. Simulations reveal a transient shear stress distribution behind the shock front. Such a distribution agrees with that put forward by Lipkin and Asay to explain the quasi-elastic reloading phenomenon. Simulation of reloading shocks show that the shear stress distribution can give rise to quasi-elastic reloading on the grain scale. Crown Copyright (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Atom Weapons Establishment, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. USA, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL USA. RP Case, S (reprint author), Atom Weapons Establishment, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. EM simon.case@awe.co.uk NR 31 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD MAR PY 2007 VL 55 IS 3 BP 589 EP 614 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2006.08.003 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 184RW UT WOS:000247660600007 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Villena, F Mao, JR AF Cohen, Steven P. Villena, Felipe Mao, Jianren TI Two unusual cases of postamputation pain from Operation Iraqi Freedom SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID PHANTOM-LIMB PAIN; AMERICAN VETERANS; AMPUTATION; AMPUTEES; STUMP C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Pain Management Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pain Management Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Landstuhl Reg Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Anesthesia Serv, Landstuhl, Germany. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care,Pain Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Pain Management Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2007 VL 62 IS 3 BP 759 EP 761 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000235268.32690.8b PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 145PP UT WOS:000244877300041 PM 17414361 ER PT J AU Tien, HC van der Hurk, TWG Dunlop, P Kropelin, B Nahouraii, R Battad, AB van Egmond, T AF Tien, Homer C. van der Hurk, Teun W. G. Dunlop, Patricia Kropelin, Bruce Nahouraii, Richard Battad, Anthony B. van Egmond, Teun TI Small bowel injury from a tangential gunshot wound without peritoneal penetration: A case report SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID CONTRAST HELICAL CT; ABDOMEN; TRAUMA C1 Sunnybrook & Womens Coll Hlth Sci Ctr, Canadian Forces Hlth Serv Grp, Dept Surg, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. Sunnybrook & Womens Coll Hlth Sci Ctr, Canadian Forces Hlth Serv Grp, Trauma Program, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. Vancouver Gen Hosp, Canadian Forces Hlth Serv Grp, Vancouver, BC, Canada. USA, Med Corps, William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX USA. RP Tien, HC (reprint author), Sunnybrook & Womens Coll Hlth Sci Ctr, Canadian Forces Hlth Serv Grp, Dept Surg, Suite H186,2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. EM homer.tien@sw.ca NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2007 VL 62 IS 3 BP 762 EP 763 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000231555.81174.9e PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 145PP UT WOS:000244877300042 PM 17414362 ER PT J AU Cancio, LC AF Cancio, Leopoldo C. TI Small bowel injury from a tangential gunshot wound without peritoneal penetration: A case report - Editorial comment SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC SCAN; CONTRAST HELICAL CT; NONOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT; ABDOMEN C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2007 VL 62 IS 3 BP 763 EP 764 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 145PP UT WOS:000244877300043 ER PT J AU Neumann, G Geisbert, TW Ebihara, H Geisbert, JB Daddario-DiCaprio, KM Feldmann, H Kawaoka, Y AF Neumann, Gabriele Geisbert, Thomas W. Ebihara, Hideki Geisbert, Joan B. Daddario-DiCaprio, Kathleen M. Feldmann, Heinz Kawaoka, Yoshihiro TI Proteolytic processing of the Ebola virus glycoprotein is not critical for Ebola virus replication in nonhuman primates SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTION; CELLS AB Enveloped viruses often require cleavage of a surface glycoprotein by a cellular endoprotease such as furin for infectivity and virulence. Previously, we showed that Ebola virus glycoprotein does not require the furin cleavage motif for virus replication in cell culture. Here, we show that there are no appreciable differences in disease progression, hematology, serum biochemistry, virus titers, or lethality in nonhuman primates infected with an Ebola virus lacking the furin recognition sequence compared to those infected with wild-type virus. We conclude that glycoprotein cleavage by subtilisin-like endoproteases is not critical for Ebola virus infectivity and virulence in nonhuman primates. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Manitoba, Special Pathogens Program, Natl Microbiol Lab, Publ Hlth Agecy Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med Microbiol, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Div Virol, Tokyo 106, Japan. RP Kawaoka, Y (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM kawaobay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [1U54 AI 057153, U54 AI057153] NR 15 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 81 IS 6 BP 2995 EP 2998 DI 10.1128/JVI.02486-06 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 145FN UT WOS:000244850800043 PM 17229700 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, N Meigs, LE Ota, T Melby, JA AF Kobayashi, Nobuhisa Meigs, Leslie E. Ota, Takao Melby, Jeffrey A. TI Irregular breaking wave transmission over submerged porous breakwater SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID COASTAL STRUCTURES; REFLECTION; STABILITY; SLOPES; MODEL; FLOW; REEF AB A numerical model based on time-averaged continuity, momentum, and energy equations is developed to predict the mean and standard deviation of the free surface elevation and horizontal fluid velocities above and inside a porous submerged breakwater. The energy dissipation rate due to irregular breaking waves is estimated using an existing formula that is modified for intense wave breaking on the steep seaward slope of the breakwater. This computationally efficient numerical model is an extension of the existing time-averaged model which is widely used to predict irregular breaking wave transformation on impermeable beaches. The developed model is shown to predict the cross-shore variations of the mean and standard deviation of the free surface elevation measured in a laboratory experiment where a submerged porous breakwater was placed on a gentle impermeable slope. The agreement for the measured horizontal velocity is marginal partly because this one-dimensional model does not predict the vertical velocity variation. This semiempirical model calibrated using the present experiment will need to be compared with additional experiments. C1 Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Tottori Univ, Dept Social Syst Engn, Tottori 6808552, Japan. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Kobayashi, N (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 133 IS 2 BP 104 EP 116 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2007)133:2(104) PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 138SE UT WOS:000244381800003 ER PT J AU Furusato, H Rosner, I Osborn, D Cullen, J Chen, Y Davis, C Sesterhenn, I McLeod, D AF Furusato, H. Rosner, I. Osborn, D. Cullen, J. Chen, Y. Davis, C. Sesterhenn, I. McLeod, D. TI The relationship of preoperative PSA levels to prostatic weight and tumor size SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 96th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 24-30, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 87 SU 1 MA 663 BP 147A EP 147A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 146LG UT WOS:000244935301086 ER PT J AU Furustao, B Osborn, D Rosner, I Cullen, J Davis, C Srivastava, S McLeod, D Sesterhenn, I Allen, A AF Furustao, B. Osborn, D. Rosner, I. Cullen, J. Davis, C. Srivastava, S. McLeod, D. Sesterhenn, I. Allen, A. TI Clinico-pathologic aspects of folfow-up on small tumor volume prostate cancer after the radical prostatectomy at Walter Reed army medical center SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 96th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 24-30, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 87 SU 1 MA 664 BP 147A EP 147A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 146LG UT WOS:000244935301087 ER PT J AU Petrovics, G Shaheduzzaman, S Furusato, B Dobi, A Ravindranath, L Cook, C Chen, Y Srikantan, V Cullen, J Sesterhenn, I McLeod, DG Srivastava, S AF Petrovics, G. Shaheduzzaman, S. Furusato, B. Dobi, A. Ravindranath, L. Cook, C. Chen, Y. Srikantan, V. Cullen, J. Sesterhenn, I. McLeod, D. G. Srivastava, S. TI Association of increased levels of TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcripts in pT2 and well differentiated prostate cancer SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 96th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 24-30, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 CPDR, Rockville, MD USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 87 SU 1 MA 771 BP 170A EP 170A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 146LG UT WOS:000244935301194 ER PT J AU McDermott, JH Roach, LE George, BJ Brissette, MD Vos, JA AF McDermott, J. H. Roach, L. E. George, B. J. Brissette, M. D. Vos, J. A. TI Evaluation of incidentally discovered lymphoid aggregates in bone marrow biopsies SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 96th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 24-30, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 87 SU 1 MA 1154 BP 252A EP 252A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 146LG UT WOS:000244935301576 ER PT J AU Fang, SF Gertner, GZ Anderson, AB AF Fang, Shoufan Gertner, George Z. Anderson, Alan B. TI Prediction of multinomial probability of land use change using a bisection decomposition and logistic regression SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bisection decomposition; conditional probability; land use; logistic regression; multinomial probability; urban development ID COVER CHANGE; CLASSIFICATION TREES; MODEL; DEFORESTATION; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; PATTERN; SYSTEMS AB Land use change is an important research area in landscape ecology and urban development. Prediction of land use change (urban development) provides critical information for making the right policies and management plans in order to maintain and improve ecosystem and city functions. Logistic regression is a widely used method to predict binomial probabilities of land use change when just two responses (change and no-change) are considered. However, in practice, more than two types of change are encountered and multinomial probabilities are therefore needed. The existing methods for predicting multinomial probabilities have limits in building multinomial probability models and are often based on improper assumptions. This is due to the lack of proper methodology and inadequate software. In this study, a procedure has been developed for building models to predict the multinomial probabilities of land use change and urban development. The foundation of this procedure consists of a special bisection decomposition system for the decomposition of multiple-class systems to bi-class systems, conditional probability inference, and logistic regression for binomial probability models. A case study of urban development has been conducted to evaluate this procedure. The evaluation results demonstrated that different samples and bisection decomposition systems led to very similar quality and performance in the developed multinomial probability models, which indicates the high stability of the proposed procedure for this case study. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Natl Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. CERL, US Army Corps Engineers, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Gertner, GZ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Natl Resources & Environm Sci, W503 Turner Hall,1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gertner@uiuc.edu NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 22 IS 3 BP 419 EP 430 DI 10.1007/s10980-006-9037-7 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 139TJ UT WOS:000244455200007 ER PT J AU Sarney, WL Svensson, SP AF Sarney, W. L. Svensson, S. P. TI Characterization of compositional oscillations in InGaAs films induced by MBE cell configuration and substrate rotation SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article DE transmission electron microscopy; molecular beam epitaxy ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; UNIFORMITY; GROWTH AB We examine compositional non-uniformities in InGaAs films grown on InP substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of samples cut near the edge of the wafer show periodic bands of contrast typical of a superlattice. Flux variations across the wafer lead to mole fraction oscillations that are dependent on the growth rate and substrate rotation speed. Without careful analysis, this film morphology could be mischaracterized as spontaneous ordering due to strain effects. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sarney, WL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM wsarney@arl.army.mil NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-5803 J9 MATER CHARACT JI Mater. Charact. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 58 IS 3 BP 284 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2006.05.002 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 144LJ UT WOS:000244797200011 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Dragovich, A AF Cohen, Steven P. Dragovich, Anthony TI Intrathecal analgesia SO MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID REFRACTORY CANCER PAIN; CHRONIC NONMALIGNANT PAIN; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; LOW-BACK-PAIN; CHRONIC NONCANCER PAIN; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; DRUG-DELIVERY; ALPHA(2)-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS; BREAKTHROUGH PAIN; CALCIUM-CHANNELS AB Since the first use of intrathecal (IT) drug infusion systems in the early 1980s, these delivery systems have undergone numerous revisions making them more tolerable, easier to program, and longer lasting. Concurrent with technological advances, the indications for IT pump placement have also been continuously evolving, to the point where the most common indication is now noncancer pain. This article provides an evidence-based review of the indications, efficacy, and complications of IT drug therapy for the most commonly administered spinal analgesics. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Div, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Anesthesia Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Div, 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 96 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0025-7125 J9 MED CLIN N AM JI Med. Clin. N. Am. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 91 IS 2 BP 251 EP + DI 10.1016/j.mcna.2006.10.001 PG 22 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 147ZJ UT WOS:000245044000007 PM 17321285 ER PT J AU Gutteridge, CE Vo, JV Tillett, CB Vigilante, JA Dettmer, JR Patterson, SL Werbovetz, KA Capers, J Nichols, DA Bhattacharjee, AK Gerena, L AF Gutteridge, C. E. Vo, J. V. Tillett, C. B. Vigilante, J. A. Dettmer, J. R. Patterson, S. L. Werbovetz, K. A. Capers, J. Nichols, D. A. Bhattacharjee, A. K. Gerena, L. TI Antileishmanial and antimalarial chalcones: Synthesis, efficacy and cytotoxicity of pyridinyl and naphthalenyl analogs SO MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE leishmaniasis; malaria; chalcone; propenone; structure activity relationship; cytotoxicity ID PARASITE PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; IN-VITRO; LICOCHALCONE-A; MALARIA; LEISHMANIASIS; DERIVATIVES; INFECTION; AGENT; VIVO AB The antileishmanial and antimalarial activity of methoxy-substituted clialeones (13-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones)is well established. The few, analogs prepared to date where the 3-phenyl P,roup is replaced by either a pyridine or naphthalene suggest these modifications are potency enhancing. To explore this hypothesis, sixteen 3-naphthalenyl-1-phenyl-2-prop-1-enones and ten 1-phenyl-3-pyridinyl-2-prop-1-enones were synthesized and their in vitro efficacies against Leishmania donovani and Plasmodium falciparum? determined. One inhibitor with submicromolar efficacy against L. donovani was identified (IC50 = 0.95 mu M), along with three other potent compounds (IC50 < 5 mu M). all of which were 3-pyridin-2-yl derivatives. No inhibitors with submicromolar efflicacy against P. falciparum were identified, thou h several potent Compounds were found (IC50 < 5 mu M). The cytotoxicity of the live most active L. donovani inhibitors was assessed. At best the IC50 against a primary kidney cell line was around two-fold higher than against L. donovani. Being more active than pentamidine, the 1-phenyl-3-pyridin-2-yl-1-2-propen-1-ones have potential for further development against leishmaniasis: however it will be essential in such a program to address not only efficacy but also their potential tor toxicity. C1 USN Acad, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. Ohio State Univ, Coll Pharm, Div Med Chem & Pharmacognosy, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Gutteridge, CE (reprint author), USN Acad, 572M Holloway Rd,Mail Stop 9B, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. EM gutterid@usna.edu RI Werbovetz, Karl/E-4290-2011 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1573-4064 J9 MED CHEM JI Med. Chem. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 3 IS 2 BP 115 EP 119 DI 10.2174/157340607780059530 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 209YZ UT WOS:000249425200001 PM 17348849 ER PT J AU Ely, MR Cheuvront, SN Roberts, WO Montain, SJ AF Ely, Matthew R. Cheuvront, Samuel N. Roberts, William O. Montain, Scott J. TI Impact of weather on marathon-running performance SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE heat; cold; wet-bulb globe temperature; endurance exercise; modeling; gender ID DISTANCE RUNNERS; FEMALE MARATHON; TEMPERATURE; DIFFERENCE; CAPACITY; HEAT AB ELY, M. R., S. N. CHEUVRONT, W. O. ROBERTS, and S. J. MONTAIN. Impact of Weather on Marathon-Running Performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 487-493, 2007. Marathon running performance slows in warm weather conditions, but the quantitative impact of weather has not been established. Purpose: To quantify the impact of weather on marathon performance for different populations of runners. Methods: Marathon results and weather data were obtained for the Boston, New York, Twin Cities, Grandma's, Richmond, Hartford, and Vancouver Marathons for 36, 29, 24, 23, 6, 12, and 10 yr, respectively. The race results were broken into quartiles based on the wet-bulb globe temperature (Q(1) 5.1-10 degrees C, Q(2) 10.1-1 degrees C, Q(3) 15.1-20 degrees C, and Q(4) 20.1-25 degrees C). Analysis of the top three male and female finishers as well as the 25th-, 50th-, 100th-, and 300th-place finishes were compared with the course record and then contrasted with weather. Results: Marathon performances of top males were slower than the course record by 1.7 +/- 1.5, 2.5 +/- 2.1, 3.3 +/- 2.0, and 4.5 +/- 2.3% (mean +/- SD) for Q(1)-Q(4), respectively. Differences between Q(4) and Q(1), Q(2), and between Q(3), and Q(1) were statistically different (P < 0.05). The top women followed a similar trend (Q(1) 3.2 +/- 4.9, Q(2) 3.2 +/- 2.9, Q(3) 3.8 +/- 3.2, and Q(4) 5.4 +/- 4.1% (mean +/- SD)), but the differences among quartiles were not statistically significant. The 25th-, 50th-, 100th-, and 300th-place finishers slowed more than faster runners as WBGT increased. For all runners, equivalence testing around a 1% indifference threshold suggests potentially important changes among quartiles independently of statistical significance. Conclusion: There is a progressive slowing of marathon performance as the WBGT increases from 5 to 25 degrees C. This seems true for men and women of wide ranging abilities, but performance is more negatively affected for slower populations of runners. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Ely, MR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Matthew.Ely@na.amedd.army.mil OI Ely, Matthew/0000-0002-0618-7078; Roberts, William O/0000-0003-4517-4330 NR 22 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 33 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 39 IS 3 BP 487 EP 493 DI 10.1249/mss.0b013e31802d3aba PG 7 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 148OM UT WOS:000245084500012 PM 17473775 ER PT J AU Fulton, L Lasdon, LS McDaniel, RR AF Fulton, Larry Lasdon, Leon S. McDaniel, Reuben R. TI Cost drivers and resource allocation in military health care systems SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EFFICIENCY AB This study illustrates the feasibility of incorporating technical efficiency considerations in the funding of military hospitals and identifies the primary drivers for hospital costs. Secondary data collected for 24 U.S.-based Army hospitals and medical centers for the years 2001 to 2003 are the basis for this analysis. Technical efficiency was measured by using data envelopment analysis; subsequently, efficiency estimates were included in logarithmic-linear cost models that specified cost as a function of volume, complexity, efficiency, time, and facility type. These logarithmic-linear models were compared against stochastic frontier analysis models. A parsimonious, three-variable, logarithmic-linear model composed of volume, complexity, and efficiency variables exhibited a strong linear relationship with observed costs (R-2 = 0.98). This model also proved reliable in forecasting (R-2 = 0.96). Based on our analysis, as much as $120 million might be reallocated to improve the United States-based Army hospital performance evaluated in this study. C1 Multinatl Corps Iraq, APO, AE 09342 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Informat Risk & Operat Management, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Fulton, L (reprint author), USA, Ctr Army Med Dept Strateg Studies, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 3 BP 244 EP 249 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146BH UT WOS:000244909000005 PM 17436766 ER PT J AU Batzer, WB Whealin, JM Morgan, CA Detwiler, HF Schnurr, PP Friedman, MJ AF Batzer, Wayne B. Whealin, Julia M. Morgan, Charles A., III Detwiler, Howard F., Jr. Schnurr, Paula P. Friedman, Matthew J. TI Cohesion, burnout, and past trauma in tri-service medical and support personnel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MENTAL-HEALTH; LIFE EVENTS; VICTIMS; PREMILITARY; PERFORMANCE; PREDICTORS; CHILDHOOD; ACCIDENT; SOLDIERS AB Past research suggests that the negative consequences related to exposure to traumatic events and injury may impact cohesive work relationships. Additionally, trauma and low cohesive relationships independently predict poorer psychological and physical health in service members. The objective of the present study was to examine the interrelationships between exposure to traumatic events, burnout, and cohesion among tri-service medical and support staff. Surveys were administered to 253 U.S. Army, Army Reserve Units, U.S. Air Force, and U.S. Navy personnel upon arrival in Hawaii for participation in a stressful, 2-week training exercise. Results showed that history of trauma was correlated with poorer view of officers and higher levels on two components of burnout. We discuss how findings can apply to prevention and early intervention efforts. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Schofield Barracks Child & Adolescent Assistance, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. VA Pacific Hlth Care Syst, Natl Ctr Post Traumat Stress Disorder, Honolulu, HI 96819 USA. VA Med Ctr, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. Natl Ctr Post Traumat Stress Disorder, White River Jct, VT 05009 USA. RP Batzer, WB (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Schofield Barracks Child & Adolescent Assistance, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 3 BP 266 EP 272 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146BH UT WOS:000244909000009 ER PT J AU Dove, MB Joseph, HJ AF Dove, Mary Baker Joseph, Hyacinth J. TI Sociodemographic profile of women entering a military substance use disorder treatment center SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Pacific Nursing Research Conference CY MAR, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI ID SCREENING-TEST; ALCOHOLISM; ABUSE; DRUG AB This retrospective study reviewed medical records to determine sociodemographic characteristics of women in a substance use treatment center at a Pacific Regional Medical Command facility. Data were collected from records between September 1, 1999, and August 31, 2002. Three questions were investigated, as follows. (1) What are the sociodemographic characteristics of women entering substance abuse treatment? (2) Are there coexisting conditions (psychiatric history and/or family history of abuse or psychiatric conditions) that accompany the substance abuse problem? (3) What are the referral sources for patients entering treatment? Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The sample was primarily Caucasian, between 18 and 25 years of age. The most frequently occurring conditions were depression and anxiety. The smallest number of referrals was from primary care managers. The findings support the need for thorough screening and assessment for substance use in women and assessment of primary care managers' compliance, knowledge, and skills in evaluating substance use in women. C1 USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Dove, MB (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 3 BP 283 EP 287 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146BH UT WOS:000244909000012 PM 17436773 ER PT J AU Armentano, MJ Bremer, AK Hedman, TL Solomon, ZT Chavez, J Kemper, GB Salzberg, D Battafarano, DF Christie, DS AF Armentano, Matthew J. Bremer, Alex K. Hedman, Travis L. Solomon, Zack T. Chavez, Juliann Kemper, George B. Salzberg, Daniel Battafarano, Daniel F. Christie, Douglas S. TI The effect and safety of short-term creatine supplementation on performance of push-ups SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE; FAT-FREE MASS; RENAL-FUNCTION; PHOSPHOCREATINE RESYNTHESIS; MUSCULAR PERFORMANCE; MUSCLE METABOLISM; BODY-COMPOSITION; PROTEIN-INTAKE; INGESTION; HUMANS AB The effects of short-term oral creatine (Cr) supplementation on exercise performance and on blood pressure and renal function were assessed. Thirty-five healthy, active duty, U.S. Army volunteers (20 men and 15 women; age, 22-36 years) at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, supplemented their diet for 7 days with 20 g/day of either Cr or taurine (as placebo). There was no significant difference in 2-minute push-up counts between the Cr and taurine groups from before to after supplementation (p = 0.437; power = 0.98). The Cr group demonstrated a significant increase in serum creatinine levels (p < 0.001), compared with the taurine group, and this increase could be misinterpreted as impairment of renal function. No adverse changes in blood pressure, body composition, weight, or serum Cr phosphokinase levels were observed. We conclude that short-term Cr supplementation appears to be safe but does not enhance push-up performance. C1 Chinle Comprehens Hlth Care Facil, Phys Therapy Dept, Chinle, AZ 86503 USA. B Co, Assistance Grp Recept 46, Ft Knox, KY 40121 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Army Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Hlth Clin, Schofield Barracks, HI 96857 USA. Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Med Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Hlth Futures, Hlth Lifestyles, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. Univ Maryland, Med Syst, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Armentano, MJ (reprint author), Chinle Comprehens Hlth Care Facil, Phys Therapy Dept, Chinle, AZ 86503 USA. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 3 BP 312 EP 317 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146BH UT WOS:000244909000017 PM 17436778 ER PT J AU Walters, TJ Kauvar, DS Reeder, J Baer, DG AF Walters, Thomas J. Kauvar, David S. Reeder, Joanna Baer, David G. TI Effect of reactive skin decontamination lotion on skin wound, healing in laboratory rats SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB Reactive skin decontamination lotion (RSDL) is a proposed replacement for the existing skin and equipment decontamination kit. Because RSDL may need to be used to decontaminate wounded personnel, we conducted an assessment of the effect of this agent on wound healing. A skin incision model using male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 19 rats/group) was used. A 7.0-cm incision was made through the skin, and RSDL was (experimental group) or was not (control group) applied to the open wound; the wound edges were then approximated with sutures. Seven days later, animals were euthanized and wound samples were taken. Healing was assessed by measuring mechanical strength, collagen content, and histological appearance. RSDL-treated wounds had 23% lower tensile strength (p < 0.05) and 11% lower collagen content (p < 0.05) than did the untreated control wounds. Histological assessments did not differ significantly between groups. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the application of RSDL directly to an open wound impairs wound strength and decreases collagen content in the early phases of wound healing. This may have clinical implications for the treatment and outcomes of chemical casualty combat trauma. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Walters, TJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 3 BP 318 EP 321 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146BH UT WOS:000244909000018 PM 17436779 ER PT J AU Schmelz, JO Bridges, EJ Wallace, MB Sanders, SF Shaw, T Kester, N Bauer, S Sylvester, JC AF Schmelz, Joseph O. Bridges, Elizabeth J. Wallace, Marlene B. Sanders, Scott F. Shaw, Timothy Kester, Nurani Bauer, Steve Sylvester, James C. TI Comparison of three strategies for preventing hypothermia in critically injured casualties during aeromedical evacuation SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 110th Annual Association-of-Military-Surgeons-of-the-United-States Meeting CY NOV 15, 2004 CL Denver, CO SP Assoc Military Surg United States ID PERIOPERATIVE NORMOTHERMIA; MILD HYPOTHERMIA; TRAUMA; RESUSCITATION; EXPERIENCE; INCREASES; COMBAT AB Critically injured patients are at risk for hypothermia. This study determined the efficacy of three hypothermia prevention strategies: the ChillBuster warming blanket, ChillBuster with a reflective blanket, and two wool blankets. A quasi-experimental design was used to compare changes in core temperature. Following resuscitation from hypovolemic shock, 20 swine were assigned to one of the three interventions, placed in an environmental chamber set to reproduce in-flight conditions onboard a military cargo aircraft (50 degrees F/airspeed 0.2 m/s), and monitored for 6 hours. A repeated measures analysis of variance and least-squared difference post hoc were performed. The ChillBuster/reflective blanket group was significantly warmer than the ChillBuster only group and the wool blanket group (p < 0.01). After 6 hours of cold exposure, the ChillBuster/reflective blanket group remained warm while the ChillBuster only and wool blanket groups developed mild by pothermia. Combined use of a warming blanket and reflective blanket was effective in preventing hypothermia over 6 hours and is feasible in a deployed military environment. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. USA, Grad Program Anesthesia Nursing, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. AFMESA, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Schmelz, JO (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 59th Clin Res Squadron,2200 Bergquist Dr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 3 BP 322 EP 326 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146BH UT WOS:000244909000019 PM 17436780 ER PT J AU McAvin, JC Powers, MD Blow, JA Putnam, JL Huff, WB Swaby, JA AF McAvin, James C. Powers, Michael D. Blow, Jamie A. Putnam, John L. Huff, William B. Swaby, James A. TI Deployable, field-sustainable, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays for rapid screening and serotype identification of dengue virus in mosquitoes SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MALE AEDES-AEGYPTI; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ARMORED RNA; REAL-TIME; PCR; INFECTION; SYSTEM; AMPLIFICATION; ALBOPICTUS; CULICIDAE AB Dengue virus universal and serotype 1 to 4 fluorogenic probe hydrolysis, reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and positive-control RNA template were freeze-dried in a thermally stable, hydrolytic enzyme-resistant format and deployed for testing in a dengue fever-endemic region of Thailand. The study site presented austere testing conditions. Field-collected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes spiked with inoculated A. aegypti mosquitoes and individual and pooled, field-collected, A. aegypti, A. albopictus, and Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes were used for RT-PCR assay evaluations. For dengue virus-inoculated A. aegypti mosquitoes and spiked samples, in vitro sensitivity and specificity results for all five assays were concordant with indirect fluorescent antibody assay results. A single pool of field-collected, female, A. aegypti mosquitoes was identified as dengue virus positive. Cross-reactivity was not observed across heterologous serotypes, mosquito vectors, or human DNA. The limit of detection was >7 to <= 70 genomic equivalents. Sample processing and analysis required <2 hours. These results show promise of field-formatted RT-PCR reagents for rapid, sensitive, specific dengue virus screening and serotype identification in mosquitoes under field-deployed conditions. C1 USAF, Inst Operat Hlth, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. Idaho Technol, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. USA, Div Virol, Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USAF Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA. RP McAvin, JC (reprint author), USAF, Inst Operat Hlth, San Antonio, TX 78235 USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 172 IS 3 BP 329 EP 334 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146BH UT WOS:000244909000021 PM 17436782 ER PT J AU Furusato, B Rosner, I Osborn, D Cullen, J Chen, Y Davis, C Sesterhenn, I McLeod, D AF Furusato, B. Rosner, I. Osborn, D. Cullen, J. Chen, Y. Davis, C. Sesterhenn, I. McLeod, D. TI Relationship of preoperative PSA levels to prostatic weight and tumor size SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 96th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 24-30, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 20 SU 2 MA 663 BP 147A EP 147A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 146GL UT WOS:000244922401086 ER PT J AU Furusato, R Osborn, D Rosner, I Cullen, J Davis, C Moul, JW Srivastava, S McLeod, D Sesterhenn, I Allen, A AF Furusato, R. Osborn, D. Rosner, I. Cullen, J. Davis, C. Moul, J. W. Srivastava, S. McLeod, D. Sesterhenn, I. Allen, A. TI Clinico-pathologic aspects of follow-up on small tumor volume prostate cancer after the radical prostatectomy at Walter reed army medical center SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 96th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 24-30, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 20 SU 2 MA 664 BP 147A EP 147A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 146GL UT WOS:000244922401087 ER PT J AU McDermont, JH Roach, LE George, BJ Brisette, MD Vos, JA AF McDermont, J. H. Roach, L. E. George, B. J. Brisette, M. D. Vos, J. A. TI Evaluation of incidentally discovered lymphoid aggregates in bone marrow biopsies SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 96th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 24-30, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 20 SU 2 MA 1154 BP 252A EP 252A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 146GL UT WOS:000244922401576 ER PT J AU Lopez-Santalla, M Krishnan, S Valeri, AP Aguilera-Montilla, N Fisher, CU Perez-Blas, M Gutierrez-Calvo, A Lasa, I Granell-Vicent, J Tsokos, GC Martin-Villa, JM AF Lopez-Santalla, Mercedes Krishnan, Sandeep Valeri, Anna P. Aguilera-Montilla, Noemi Fisher, Carolyn U. Perez-Blas, Mercedes Gutierrez-Calvo, Alberto Lasa, Inmaculada Granell-Vicent, Javier Tsokos, George C. Martin-Villa, Jose M. TI FcR gamma chain does not replace CD3 zeta chain in CD3 zeta-deficient T lymphocytes of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CD3C; FcR gamma; gastric adenocarcinoma; HVS; Syk; T lymphocytes ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RECEPTOR ZETA-CHAIN; EPSILON-RI-GAMMA; CELL-RECEPTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E; DOWN-REGULATION; TCR-ZETA; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; AFFINITY AB Defective CD3 zeta chain expression has been reported in T lymphocytes of patients with inflammatory diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus or osteoarthritis, and with cancer. In lupus, the absent CD3 zeta chain is replaced by the FcR gamma chain, rendering the T cells hyper responsive. However, there are no data on T lymphocytes from patients with cancer. In this study, the presence of the FcR gamma chain and its associated kinase, Syk, was analysed in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and healthy subjects. Western blot and immunoprecipitation experiments were carried out with total cell or lipid raft extracts from fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells or T lymphocytes, and Herpesvirus saimiri-derived T-cell lines (of blood or tissue origin). Our results revealed that the absent CD3 zeta chain in cancer T lymphocytes was not replaced by FcR gamma either in fresh T cells or T-cell lines, in contrast to Jupus T cells. This altered expression of signalling molecules in T lymphocytes of cancer patients, would explain their low proliferative capacity. Our T-cell lines represent tools to unveil the signalling abnormalities of cancer T lymphocytes. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Med, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Hosp Univ Proncipe Asturias, Serv Cirugia Gen & Aparato Digest, Alcala De Henares, Spain. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Martin-Villa, JM (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Med, Pabellon 5,4A Planta, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM jmmvilla@med.ucm.es RI Martin-Villa, Jose M./F-9234-2013; Aguilera-Montilla, Noemi/G-4277-2015; Lopez-Santalla, Mercedes/L-1335-2015 OI Martin-Villa, Jose M./0000-0002-2436-8585; Aguilera-Montilla, Noemi/0000-0002-6925-6069; Lopez-Santalla, Mercedes/0000-0002-8543-8743 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI042269] NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 44 IS 9 BP 2400 EP 2405 DI 10.1016/j.molimm.2006.10.012 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA 143YA UT WOS:000244761100026 PM 17134755 ER PT J AU Dobak, WA AF Dobak, William A. TI Colonel Richard Irving Dodge SO MONTANA-THE MAGAZINE OF WESTERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Dobak, WA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MONTANA HISTORICAL SOC PI HELENA PA 225 N ROBERTS ST, HELENA, MT 59601 USA SN 0026-9891 J9 MONTANA JI Mont.-Mag. West. Hist. PD SPR PY 2007 VL 57 IS 1 BP 77 EP 79 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 162UH UT WOS:000246114500016 ER PT J AU Munger, KL Levin, LI Hollis, BW Howard, N Ascherio, A AF Munger, K. L. Levin, L. I. Hollis, B. W. Howard, N. Ascherio, A. TI Elevated serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D predicts a decreased risk of MS SO MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th Annual Meeting of the Americas-Committee-for-Treatment-and-Research-in- Multiple-Sclerosis CY OCT 08, 2006 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Comm Treatment & Res Multiple Scleros DE biomarker; environment; epidemiology; nutrition; prospective study; vitamin D C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Secretary Naval Council Review Boards, Dept Navy, Washington, DC USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Nutr & Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1352-4585 J9 MULT SCLER JI Mult. Scler. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 13 IS 2 BP 290 EP 290 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 158LK UT WOS:000245792800032 ER PT J AU Shrestha, MP Scott, RM Joshi, DM Mammen, MP Thapa, GB Thapa, N Myint, KSA Fourneau, M Kuschner, RA Shrestha, SK David, MP Seriwatana, J Vaughn, DW Safary, A Endy, TP Innis, BL AF Shrestha, Mrigendra Prasad Scott, Robert McNair Joshi, Durga Man Mammen, Mammen P., Jr. Thapa, Gyan Bahadur Thapa, Narbada Myint, Khin Saw Aye Fourneau, Marc Kuschner, Robert A. Shrestha, Sanjaya Kumar David, Marie Pierre Seriwatana, Jitvimol Vaughn, David W. Safary, Assad Endy, Timothy P. Innis, Bruce L. TI Safety and efficacy of a recombinant hepatitis E vaccine SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID E VIRUS-INFECTION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; DISEASE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; NEPAL AB BACKGROUND: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of viral hepatitis. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of an HEV recombinant protein (rHEV) vaccine in a phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS: In Nepal, we studied 2000 healthy adults susceptible to HEV infection who were randomly assigned to receive three doses of either the rHEV vaccine or placebo at months 0, 1, and 6. Active (including hospital) surveillance was used to identify acute hepatitis and adverse events. The primary end point was the development of hepatitis E after three vaccine doses. RESULTS: A total of 1794 subjects (898 in the vaccine group and 896 in the placebo group) received three vaccine doses; the total vaccinated cohort was followed for a median of 804 days. After three vaccine doses, hepatitis E developed in 69 subjects, of whom 66 were in the placebo group. The vaccine efficacy was 95.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.6 to 98.6). In an intention-to-treat analysis that included all 87 subjects in whom hepatitis E developed after the first vaccine dose, 9 subjects were in the vaccine group, with a vaccine efficacy of 88.5% (95% CI, 77.1 to 94.2). Among subjects in a subgroup randomly selected for analysis of injection-site findings and general symptoms (reactogenicity subgroup) during the 8-day period after the administration of any dose, the proportion of subjects with adverse events was similar in the two study groups, except that injection-site pain was increased in the vaccine group (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In a high-risk population, the rHEV vaccine was effective in the prevention of hepatitis E. C1 GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, King Of Prussia, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Sci Res Unit Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. Nepalese Army, Kathmandu, Nepal. Armed Forces Inst Med Sci, Bangkok, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Army Med Res & Mat Command, Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Innis, BL (reprint author), GlaxoSmithKline Inc, 2301 Renaissance Blvd, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA. EM bruce.2.innis@gsk.com NR 21 TC 251 Z9 268 U1 1 U2 11 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 356 IS 9 BP 895 EP 903 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa061847 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 140HV UT WOS:000244496400004 PM 17329696 ER PT J AU Pomeroy, JM Grube, H Perrella, AC Sosolik, CE Gillaspy, JD AF Pomeroy, J. M. Grube, H. Perrella, A. C. Sosolik, C. E. Gillaspy, J. D. TI Transport and STM measurements of HCI modified materials SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids CY JUL 21-26, 2006 CL Tech Univ Berlin, Berlin, GERMANY HO Tech Univ Berlin DE highly charged ions; scanning tunnelling microscopy; gold; magnetic tunnel junction; tungsten; mica; nano-feature; EBIT ID HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS; SURFACES; SLOW; AFM AB While more than a decade of work has provided glimpses into the physics of highly charged ion (HCI) neutralization on surfaces, two prominent objectives remain unfulfilled: (1) a unified, quantitative model for separating the kinetic energy response of a wide range of materials classes from the effects of HCIs' potential energy effects and (2) insertion of HCI technology(s) as a cost-effective processing tool in a high-volume market sector. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) electron beam ion trap (EBIT) facility has recently incorporated tools for preparing clean, atomically flat surfaces of single crystals from gold to tungsten to silicon and for depositing and patterning thin films that range from high resistivity oxides to transition metals like cobalt and nickel. Current activities are focused on utilizing this unique capability to simultaneously address both of the objectives above by employing technologically important magnetic multi-layer systems to perform transport measurements that provide new insight into the fundamental processes that occur during HCI-surface neutralization. Specifically, we are producing Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (MTJs) critical to both magnetic devices and incorporating HCIs in the processing recipe to adjust critical electronic properties that are currently inhibiting their advancement. In return, the electrical response of the tunnel junction to the HCI processing provides a novel approach to performing ensemble measurements of HCI-surface interactions. By varying the construction of the tunnel junction, critical tests of the role of electron density, densities of states and electronic structure in the HCI-surface charge exchange can be performed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Res Lab, Nanoelect Team, Adelphi, MD USA. Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. RP Pomeroy, JM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Atom Phys Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM joshua.pomeroy@nist.gov RI Sosolik, Chad/D-3671-2011 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD MAR PY 2007 VL 256 IS 1 BP 319 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2006.12.019 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA 160RF UT WOS:000245959300063 ER PT J AU Sun, DW Annapragada, SR Garimella, SV Singh, SK AF Sun, Dawei Annapragada, S. Ravi Garimella, Suresh V. Singh, Sanjeev K. TI Analysis of gap formation in the casting of energetic materials SO NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-STRESSES; SOLIDIFICATION; BODIES; FIELDS; METAL; MODEL; FLOW AB The problem of undesirable separation of the cast material from the mold in the casting of energetic materials is investigated. Comprehensive models are developed to simulate the heat and mass transfer processes during melt casting of energetic materials, as well as the resulting thermal stresses induced. The thermal and stress models are dynamically coupled. Predictions from the validated numerical model show excellent agreement with experimental measurements. The size and location of the separation are also predicted by the present model. Means to control and suppress separation are explored, and it is demonstrated that the separation can be controlled through proper choice of cooling conditions. C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. St Gobain High Performance Mat, Northborough, MA USA. USA, Picatinny Arsenal, Dover, NJ USA. RP Garimella, SV (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, 1288 Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sureshg@purdue.edu RI Garimella, Suresh/A-1286-2013 OI Garimella, Suresh/0000-0003-1421-2912 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-7782 J9 NUMER HEAT TR A-APPL JI Numer. Heat Tranf. A-Appl. PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 51 IS 5 BP 415 EP 444 DI 10.1080/10407780600878933 PG 30 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA 147EC UT WOS:000244985200001 ER PT J AU Zahn, CM Siddique, S Hernandez, S Lockrow, EG AF Zahn, Christopher M. Siddique, Sohail Hernandez, Sandra Lockrow, Ernest G. TI Anatomic comparison of two transobturator tape procedures SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Armed Forces District of the American-College-of-Obstetricians-and-Gynecologists CY OCT 28-31, 2006 CL Sonthofen, GERMANY SP Amer Coll Obstet & Gynecol, Armed Forces District ID STRESS URINARY-INCONTINENCE; FREE VAGINAL TAPE; MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENT; INSIDE-OUT; FOLLOW-UP; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; OBTURATOR; TVT; HEMATOMA; PERFORATION AB OBJECTIVE: Both outside-in and inside-out methods are available for transobturator tape placement. Our objective was to compare these methods regarding proximity of the tape to the obturator canal and ischiopubic ramus. METHODS: Using seven fresh frozen cadavers, transobturator tapes were placed using the inside-out (TVT-Obturator System, Gynecare, Ethicon Inc, Somerville, NJ) and outside-in (Monarc, American Medical Systems, Minnetonka, MN) methods bilaterally in each cadaver. We dissected to the level of the obturator membrane and measured the distance from the closest aspect of the obturator canal and ischiopubic ramus to each tape. RESULTS: Transobturator tapes placed by using the inside-out technique were significantly closer to the obturator canal than with the outside-in method (mean distances: 1.3 +/- 0.44 cm compared with 2.3 +/- 0.41 cm, respectively, P<.001); the greater proximity of the inside-out method was noted in all dissections. Tapes placed with the inside-out method were also farther from the ischiopubic ramus than those placed with the outside-in approach (mean distances: 0.39 +/- 0.44 cm compared with 0.04 +/- 0.13 cm, respectively, P=.008). When distances between the tapes relative to the obturator canal were further analyzed according to left or right side, the difference between methods was maintained. Additionally, the distances were consistently farther from the obturator canal on the left side than on the right side regardless of transobturator tape approach. CONCLUSION: The outside-in technique results in the mesh being placed farther from the obturator canal and closer to the ischiopubic ramus, theoretically reducing the risk of neurovascular injury. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept OB GYN, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Female Pelv Med & Reconstruct Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Zahn, CM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept OB GYN, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM czahn@usuhs.mil NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 109 IS 3 BP 701 EP 706 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000255662.79008.18 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 171YL UT WOS:000246771200017 PM 17329523 ER PT J AU McCann, C Itano, J AF McCann, Carol Itano, Joanne TI Growing our own in oncology nursing. SO ONCOLOGY NURSING FORUM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ONCOLOGY NURSING SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 125 ENTERPRISE DR, PITTSBURGH, PA 15275 USA SN 0190-535X J9 ONCOL NURS FORUM JI Oncol. Nurs. Forum PD MAR PY 2007 VL 34 IS 2 MA 2140 BP 517 EP 517 PG 1 WC Oncology; Nursing SC Oncology; Nursing GA 146QP UT WOS:000244949700167 ER PT J AU Dehqanzada, ZA Storrer, CE Hueman, MT Foley, RJ Harris, KA Jama, YH Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Dehqanzada, Zia A. Storrer, Catherine E. Hueman, Matthew T. Foley, Rebecca J. Harris, Katie A. Jama, Yusuf H. Shriver, Craig D. Ponniah, Sathibalan Peoples, George E. TI Assessing serum cytokine profiles in breast cancer patients receiving a HER2/neu vaccine using Luminex (R) technology SO ONCOLOGY REPORTS LA English DT Article DE HER2/neu E75-peptide vaccine; Luminex (R) multiplex assay; serum cytokines ID NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; OVARIAN-CANCER; TUMOR PROGRESSION; CLINICAL-TRIAL; E75 VACCINE; ANTIGEN; IMMUNOASSAY; RECURRENCE; EOTAXIN; MCP-1 AB We used the Luminex assay to compare serum cytokine profiles of breast cancer patients (BCa) to healthy controls, node-positive (NP) patients to node-negative (NN), and pre- and post-vaccination serum of BCa vaccinated with a HER2/neu E75 peptide vaccine. Sera from 36 pre- and post-vaccination BCa, (12 NP and 24 NN) and 13 healthy, female donors, were evaluated using Luminex technology. Levels of 22 cytokines consisting of interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, -1 beta, -2, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8, -10, -12, -13, -15, -17, IFN-gamma, G-CSF, GM-CSF, TNF-alpha, IP-10, MIP-1 alpha, RANTES, eotaxin and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were assessed. Six of 22 cytokines showed significant differences between BCa and healthy controls. MCP-1, eotaxin, RANTES and GM-CSF levels were significantly elevated in BCa (P < 0.009) and IL-1 alpha and IL-4 levels were significantly decreased in BCa (P < 0.015). Cytokine levels were generally elevated in NN patients compared to NP patients with the exception of eotaxin and IL-13, which were increased in NP patients. Three cytokines, IL-6, MIP-1 alpha and G-CSF reached statistical significance (P < 0.05). In 34 vaccinated BCa, MCP-1, eotaxin and IL-13 were significantly elevated postvaccination with MCP-1 demonstrating the most significant response (median, 145.8-217.0 pg/ml, P=0.003). Using a multiplex assay we found significant differences in cytokine levels in sera of BCa compared to healthy controls, in NN compared to NP patients, and in vaccinated patients. Our results support an extended analysis of serum cytokine profiles for the potential development of predictive panels in diagnosis, staging and monitoring cancer vaccine trials. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, Natl Naval Med Ctr, CBCP IRC Bldg 139,8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM george.peoples@amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU PROFESSOR D A SPANDIDOS PI ATHENS PA 1, S MERKOURI ST, EDITORIAL OFFICE,, ATHENS 116 35, GREECE SN 1021-335X J9 ONCOL REP JI Oncol. Rep. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 17 IS 3 BP 687 EP 694 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 136FK UT WOS:000244207800028 PM 17273752 ER PT J AU Yu, MZ Kautz, MA Thomas, ML Johnson, D Hotchkiss, ER Russo, MB AF Yu, Minzhong Kautz, Mary A. Thomas, Maria L. Johnson, Dagny Hotchkiss, Edwin R. Russo, Michael B. TI Operational implications of varying ambient light levels and time-of-day effects on saccadic velocity and pupillary light reflex SO OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS LA English DT Article DE corneal illuminance; pupil diameter; pupillary light reflex; saccadic velocity; test-retest; time of day ID TOTAL SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; INTRAVENOUS BUPRENORPHINE; EYE; HUMANS; PERFORMANCE; RESPONSES; VOLUNTEERS; PARAMETERS; INTENSITY; MOVEMENTS AB Changes in maximal saccadic velocity (SV), initial pupil diameter (IPD), constriction latency (CL) and constriction amplitude (CA) determined by the pupillary light reflex have been found to be sensitive indicators of impairment as a result of drugs, sleepiness, and/or fatigue. Ambient illuminance and time of day are controlled when these indices are applied as repeated measures in fitness-for-duty determinations. The application of oculometrics in unrestricted operational environments, where ambient illuminance and time-of-day testing are not constant, requires understanding of, and potential compensation for, the effects of, and interactions among, these multiple uncontrolled variables. SV, IPD, CL, and CA were evaluated in the morning and evening on two consecutive days following adequate nightly sleep under one baseline ambient illuminance and seven test ambient illuminances. Sixteen healthy volunteers (21-38 years, eight females/eight males) participated. Within and across days, SV was unaffected by decreasing ambient light or time-of-day effects. With the increase of ambient light from 670 to 3300 lx, CL decreased by 1%, while IPD and CA decreased by 17% and 20%, respectively. IPD increased with time of day by 1-10% (IPD was smaller in the morning). The results show that SV and CL are essentially resistant to changes in ambient light and time-of-day effects, simplifying their application in uncontrolled operational environments. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36360 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Pulse Med Instruments, Rockville, MD USA. RP Russo, MB (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36360 USA. EM michael.russo@us.army.mil NR 58 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0275-5408 J9 OPHTHAL PHYSL OPT JI Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 27 IS 2 BP 130 EP 141 DI 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2006.00450.x PG 12 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 139GF UT WOS:000244419600003 PM 17324202 ER PT J AU Driggers, RG Taylor, JS Krapels, K AF Driggers, Ronald G. Taylor, James S., Jr. Krapels, Keith TI Probability of identification cycle criterion (N-50/N-90) for underwater mine target acquisition SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE electro-optical imaging; imaging; performance; mines AB This research describes the derivation of a 50% probability of identification cycle criterion (N-50) for a set of underwater mines. Various levels of blur were applied to eight underwater mines and four nonmine objects with nine aspects in the visible spectra. Results were analyzed as a function of blur level and target size to give identification probability as a function of resolvable cycles on target. The results are applicable to underwater mine target acquisition estimates for visible electro-optical imaging systems and for laser-illuminated, range-gated imaging systems. This research provides for the design and analysis of electrooptical systems in the identification of underwater mines. (C) 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Night Vis & electron Sensors Directorate, Modeling & Simulat Div, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. USN, Surface Warfare Ctr, Naval Coastal Syst Stn, Panama City, FL 32407 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Driggers, RG (reprint author), USA, Night Vis & electron Sensors Directorate, Modeling & Simulat Div, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM Ron.driggers@nvl.army.mil NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOCIETY PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 46 IS 3 AR 033201 DI 10.1117/1.2715458 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 166BG UT WOS:000246351400007 ER PT J AU Shvidler, J Cable, BB Sheridan, M AF Shvidler, Joseph Cable, Benjamin B. Sheridan, Mark TI Hairy polyp in the oropharynx of a 5-week-old infant with sudden-onset respiratory distress SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, MCHK DSH, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Shvidler, J (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, MCHK DSH, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM joseph.shvidler@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 136 IS 3 BP 491 EP 492 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.10.019 PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 144JV UT WOS:000244793200031 PM 17321886 ER PT J AU Saber, A Roberts, F Alaywan, W Toups, J AF Saber, Aziz Roberts, Freddy Alaywan, Walid Toups, Joseph TI Effectiveness of continuity diaphragm for skewed continuous prestressed concrete girder bridges SO PCI JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LOAD DISTRIBUTION AB Continuity diaphragms have caused difficulties in detailing and construction when used in bridges composed of prestressed concrete girders supported on skewed bents. This study investigates the effect of full-depth continuity diaphragms on the deflection of, and stress in, skewed precast, prestressed concrete girders. Bridge models used in this study had the following parameters: girder type and spacing, bridge skew angle, span length, and diaphragm type. As either the skew angle increases or the girder spacing decreases in these types of bridges, construction becomes more difficult and the effectiveness of the diaphragms becomes questionable. If diaphragms are determined to be unnecessary as an outcome of this research, the construction and maintenance costs of these types of bridges could possibly be reduced. The objectives of this research were to determine the need for continuity diaphragms in skewed, precast, prestressed concrete girder bridges; study the load transfer mechanism through full-depth continuity diaphragms; and determine the minimum skew angle at which a diaphragm becomes ineffective in performing its function. C1 Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. Louisiana Transportat Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. USA Corps Engineers, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Saber, A (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU PRECAST/PRESTRESSED CONCRETE INST PI CHICAGO PA 209 W JACKSON BLVD, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6938 USA SN 0887-9672 J9 PCI J JI PCI J. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 52 IS 2 BP 108 EP 114 PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA 147SZ UT WOS:000245024100013 ER PT J AU Ozcan, D Seckin, D Allahverdiyev, AM Weina, PJ Aydin, H Ozcay, F Haberal, M AF Oezcan, Deren Seckin, Deniz Allahverdiyev, Adil M. Weina, Peter J. Aydin, Hakan Oezcay, Figen Haberal, Mehmet TI Liver transplant recipient with concomitant cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis SO PEDIATRIC TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE organ transplantation; leishmaniasis; cutaneous; visceral ID RENAL-TRANSPLANT; KALA-AZAR; DIAGNOSIS; PATIENT; AIDS AB Diagnosis of leishmaniasis in immunosuppressed patients may be a serious challenge for physicians because of the major clinical and laboratory differences with immunocompetent patients. In immunosuppressed patients, the disease is characterized usually by disseminated visceral involvement, atypical cutaneous lesions and persistent negativity of diagnostic tests. Here, we report an eight-yr-old liver transplant recipient with concomitant cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in whom the cutaneous lesion led to the diagnosis of systemic involvement. C1 Baskent Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, TR-06490 Ankara, Turkey. Cukurova Univ, Trop Dis Res Ctr, Fac Med, Adana, Turkey. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Leishmania Diagnost Lab, Silver Spring, MD USA. Baskent Univ, Fac Med, Dept Pathol, TR-06490 Ankara, Turkey. Baskent Univ, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, TR-06490 Ankara, Turkey. Baskent Univ, Fac Med, Dept Gen Surg, TR-06490 Ankara, Turkey. RP Ozcan, D (reprint author), Baskent Univ, Dept Dermatol, Fac Med, 5 Sokak,No 48 Nahcelievler, TR-06490 Ankara, Turkey. EM derenozcan@yahoo.com.tr RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011 NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1397-3142 J9 PEDIATR TRANSPLANT JI Pediatr. Transplant. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 11 IS 2 BP 228 EP 232 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2006.00660.x PG 5 WC Pediatrics; Transplantation SC Pediatrics; Transplantation GA 130ID UT WOS:000243792400022 PM 17300508 ER PT J AU Chan, DS Callahan, CW Hatch-Pigott, VB Lawless, A Proffitt, HL Manning, NE Schweikert, M Malone, FJ AF Chan, Debora S. Callahan, Charles W. Hatch-Pigott, Virginia B. Lawless, Annette Proffitt, H. Lorraine Manning, Nola E. Schweikert, Mary Malone, Francis J. TI Internet-based home monitoring and education of children with asthma is comparable to ideal office-based care: Results of a 1-year asthma in-home monitoring trial SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE telemedicine; home; telehealth; telemonitoring; store-and-forward; clinic; case management; pediatric ID METERED-DOSE INHALER; MANAGEMENT; TELEMEDICINE; IMPROVEMENT; PREVENTION; DEPOSITION; QUALITY; THERAPY; PROGRAM AB OBJECTIVE. The goal was to determine whether home asthma telemonitoring with store- and- forward technology improved outcomes, compared with in- person, office- based visits. METHODS. A total of 120 patients, 6 to 17 years of age, with persistent asthma were assigned randomly to the office- based or virtual group. The 2 groups followed the same ambulatory clinical pathway for 12 months. Office- based group patients received traditional in- person education and case management. Virtual group patients received computers, Internet connections, and in- home, Internet- based case management and received education through the study Web site. Disease control outcome measures included quality of life, utilization of services, and symptom control. RESULTS. A total of 120 volunteers ( 45 female) were enrolled. The groups were clinically comparable ( office- based: 22 female/ 38 male; mean age: 9.0 +/- 3.0 years; virtual: 23 female/ 37 male; mean age: 10.2 +/- 3.1 years). Virtual patients had higher metered- dose inhaler with valved holding chamber technique scores than did the office- based group at 52 weeks ( 94% vs 89%), had greater adherence to daily asthma symptom diary submission ( 35.4% vs 20.8%), had less participant time ( 636 vs 713 patient- months), and were older. Caregivers in both groups perceived an increase in quality of life and an increase in asthma knowledge scores from baseline. There were no other differences in therapeutic or disease control outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS. Virtual group patients achieved excellent asthma therapeutic and disease control outcomes. Compared with those who received standardized officebased care, they were more adherent to diary submission and had better inhaler scores at 52 weeks. Store- and- forward telemedicine technology and case management provide additional tools to assist in the management of children with persistent asthma. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK PE, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Chan, DS (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK PE, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM debora.chan@haw.tamc.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2007 VL 119 IS 3 BP 569 EP 578 DI 10.1542/peds.2006-1884 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 141LK UT WOS:000244579800017 PM 17332210 ER PT J AU Sliney, DH AF Sliney, David H. TI Radiometric quantities and units used in photobiology and photochemistry: Recommendations of the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (International Commission on Illumination) SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Retinal Proteins CY JUN 04-08, 2006 CL Awaji Isl, JAPAN AB To characterize photobiological and photochemical phenomena, standardized terms and units are required. Without a uniform set of descriptors, much of the scientific value of publications can be lost. Attempting to achieve an international consensus for a common language has always been difficult, but now with truly international scientific publications, it is all the more important. As photobiology and photochemistry both represent the fusion of several scientific disciplines, it is not surprising that the physical terms used to describe exposures and dosimetric concepts can vary from author to author. There are, however, international organizations that were established to minimize the confusion produced by poor or inconsistent technical terminology. This note is to review the standardized terms and provide a background on how such terms are developed, with the hope that all readers will attempt to follow the standardized terminology. C1 CIE, Vienna, Austria. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, Gunpowder, MD USA. RP Sliney, DH (reprint author), CIE, Vienna, Austria. EM david.sliney@att.net NR 10 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 83 IS 2 BP 425 EP 432 DI 10.1562/2006-11-14-RA-1081 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 156OE UT WOS:000245658000030 PM 17115802 ER PT J AU Beaman, FD Kransdorf, MJ Andrews, TR Murphey, MD Arcara, LK Keeling, JH AF Beaman, Francesca D. Kransdorf, Mark J. Andrews, Tricia R. Murphey, Mark D. Arcara, Lynn K. Keeling, James H. TI Superficial soft-tissue masses: Analysis, diagnosis, and differential considerations SO RADIOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 91st Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological-Society-of-North-America CY NOV 27-DEC 02, 2005 CL Chicago, IL SP Radiol Soc N Amer ID RADIOLOGIC-PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION; CALCIFYING EPITHELIOMA; PILOMATRIXOMA; MALHERBE; FEATURES; SARCOMAS; CT AB A wide variety of superficial soft-tissue masses may be seen in clinical practice, but a systematic approach can help achieve a definitive diagnosis or limit a differential diagnosis. Superficial soft-tissue masses can generally be categorized as mesenchymal tumors, skin appendage lesions, metastatic tumors, other tumors and tumorlike lesions, or inflammatory lesions. With regard to their imaging features, these masses may be further divided into lesions that arise in association with the epidermis or dermis (cutaneous lesions), lesions that arise within the substance of the subcutaneous adipose tissue, or lesions that arise in intimate association with the fascia overlying the muscle. The differential diagnosis may be limited further by considering the age of the patient, anatomic location of the lesion, salient imaging features, and clinical manifestations. C1 Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Dermatol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol Pathol, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kransdorf, MJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM kransdorf.mark@mayo.edu NR 24 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0271-5333 J9 RADIOGRAPHICS JI Radiographics PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 27 IS 2 BP 509 EP 523 DI 10.1148/rg.272065082 PG 15 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 147XI UT WOS:000245037800014 PM 17374866 ER PT J AU Niebuhr, DW Cowan, DN Millikan, AM Yolken, R Li, Y Weber, N AF Niebuhr, D. W. Cowan, D. N. Millikan, A. M. Yolken, R. Li, Y. Weber, N. TI Risk of schizophrenia and antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii among U.S. military personnel SO SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 10th International Congress on Schizophrenia Research CY APR 02-06, 2005 CL Savannah, GA C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Niebuhr, David/B-7865-2011 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0586-7614 J9 SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL JI Schizophr. Bull. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 33 IS 2 BP 243 EP 244 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 140LL UT WOS:000244506600122 ER PT J AU Dinauer, PA Flemming, DJ Murphy, KP Doukas, WC AF Dinauer, Philip A. Flemming, Donald J. Murphy, Kevin P. Doukas, William C. TI Diagnosis of superior labral lesions: comparison of noncontrast MRI with indirect MR arthrography in unexercised shoulders SO SKELETAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arthrography; shoulder joint; magnetic resonance imaging; diagnosis ID ROTATOR CUFF TEARS; II SLAP LESIONS; GLENOID LABRUM; HISTOLOGIC CORRELATION; INSTABILITY; VARIANTS; ACCURACY; COMPLEX AB Objective To prospectively compare the accuracy of noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with indirect MR arthrography (I-MRa) of unexercised shoulders for diagnosis of superior glenoid labral lesions. Materials and methods Institutional Review Board approval and patient informed consent were obtained for this prospective study. Superior labral findings on shoulder MRI and unexercised I-MRa studies of 104 patients were correlated with findings at arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Two musculoskeletal radiologists independently reviewed the two sets of MR images while blinded to arthroscopic results. For each radiologist, the McNemar test was used to detect statistically significant differences between techniques. Results The superior labrum was intact in 24 and abnormal in 80 subjects. For detection of superior labral lesions by each radiologist, I-MRa was more sensitive (84-91%) than MRI (66-85%), with statistically significant improvement in sensitivity for one reader (p=0.003). However, I-MRa was less specific (58-71%) than MRI (75-83%). Overall, accuracy was slightly improved on I-MRa (78-86%) compared with MRI (70-83%), but this difference was not statistically significant for either reader. Conclusion Compared with noncontrast MRI, I-MRa was more sensitive for diagnosis of superior glenoid labral lesions. However, the diagnostic value of I-MRa in shoulders remaining at rest is potentially limited by decreased specificity of the technique. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dinauer, PA (reprint author), Hosp St Raphael, Dept Radiol, 1450 Chapel St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM padinauer@yahoo.com NR 26 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-2348 J9 SKELETAL RADIOL JI Skeletal Radiol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 36 IS 3 BP 195 EP 202 DI 10.1007/s00256-006-0237-7 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Orthopedics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 134PL UT WOS:000244095200004 PM 17139503 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS Killgore, DB Day, LM Li, C Kamimori, GH Balkin, TJ AF Killgore, William D. S. Killgore, Desiree B. Day, Lisa M. Li, Christopher Kamimori, Gary H. Balkin, Thomas J. TI The effects of 53 hours of sleep deprivation on moral judgment SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; moral judgment; prefrontal cortex; emotional intelligence; individual differences ID HUMAN PREFRONTAL CORTEX; EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE; DECISION-MAKING; INTERINDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES; NEURAL BASIS; CAFFEINE; FMRI; PERFORMANCE; IMPAIRMENT; DAMAGE AB Study Objectives: Functional neuroimaging studies suggest a prominent role for the medial prefrontal cortex in the formation of moral judgments. Activity in this region has also been shown to decline significantly during sleep loss. We therefore examined the effects of 2 nights of sleep deprivation on several aspects of moral judgment. Design: Participants made judgments about the "appropriateness" of various courses of action in response to 3 types of moral dilemmas at rested baseline and again following 53 hours of continuous wakefulness. Setting: In-residence sleep laboratory at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Participants: Twenty-six healthy adults (21 men, 5 women). Interventions: N/A Measurements and Results: Compared to baseline, sleep deprivation resulted in significantly longer response latencies (suggesting greater difficulty deciding upon a course of action) only for Moral Personal (i.e., emotionally evocative) dilemmas, whereas response times to Moral Impersonal (less emotionally evocative) and Non Moral dilemmas did not change significantly with sleep loss. The effect of sleep deprivation on the willingness to agree with solutions that violate personally held moral beliefs was moderated by the level of emotional intelligence, as measured by the Bar-On EQ-i. Persons high in emotional intelligence were less susceptible to changes in moral judgments as a function of sleep loss. Conclusions: These findings suggest that sleep deprivation impairs the ability to integrate emotion and cognition to guide moral judgments, although susceptibility to the effects of sleep loss on this ability is moderated by the level of emotional intelligence. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM william.killore@na.amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 30 IS 3 BP 345 EP 352 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 151QP UT WOS:000245305900013 PM 17425231 ER PT J AU Walde, AD Delaney, DK Harless, ML Pater, LL AF Walde, Andrew D. Delaney, David K. Harless, Meagan L. Pater, Larry L. TI Osteophagy by the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB The desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) has undergone significant declines in the past several decades. Thus, many carcasses are present across the desert landscape. Here we report on osteophagy by the desert tortoise, specifically the consumption of bones from deceased desert tortoises. Desert tortoises seem to have an appetite for calcium-rich substances. To our knowledge, this is the first documentation of desert tortoises consuming conspecific skeletal remains. C1 ITS Corp, Helendale, CA 92342 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Walde, AD (reprint author), ITS Corp, POB 36, Helendale, CA 92342 USA. EM awalde@hotmail.com NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSN NATURALISTS PI SAN MARCOS PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS, TX 78666 USA SN 0038-4909 J9 SOUTHWEST NAT JI Southw. Natural. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 52 IS 1 BP 147 EP 149 DI 10.1894/0038-4909(2007)52[147:OBTDTG]2.0.CO;2 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 147FW UT WOS:000244989800023 ER PT J AU Nambiar, MP Gordon, RK Rezk, PE Katos, AM Wajda, NA Moran, TS Steele, KE Doctor, BP Sciuto, AM AF Nambiar, Madhusoodana P. Gordon, Richard K. Rezk, Peter E. Katos, Alexander M. Wajda, Nikolai A. Moran, Theodore S. Steele, Keith E. Doctor, Bhupendra P. Sciuto, Alfred M. TI Medical countermeasure against respiratory toxicity and acute lung injury following inhalation exposure to chemical warfare nerve agent VX SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE acetylcholinesterase; organophosphates; microinstillation; inhalation exposure; respiratory system; pulmonary injury; chemical warfare nerve agents; guinea pig; pulmonary therapeutics ID GUINEA-PIGS; TISSUE CHOLINESTERASE; SULFUR MUSTARD; SARIN GB; SOMAN; INHIBITION; PROTECTION; CARBOXYLESTERASE; TERRORISM; EFFICACY AB To develop therapeutics against lung injury and respiratory toxicity following nerve agent VX exposure, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a number of potential pulmonary therapeutics. Guinea pigs were exposed to 27.03 mg/m(3) of VX or saline using a microinstillation inhalation exposure technique for 4 min and then the toxicity was assessed. Exposure to this dose of VX resulted in a 24-h survival rate of 52%. There was a significant increase in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein, total cell number, and cell death. Surprisingly, direct pulmonary treatment with surfactant, liquivent, N-acetylcysteine, dexamethasone, or anti-sense syk oligonucleotides 2 min post-exposure did not significantly increase the survival rate of VX-exposed guinea pigs. Further blocking the nostrils, airway, and bronchioles, VX-induced viscous mucous secretions were exacerbated by these aerosolized treatments. To overcome these events, we developed a strategy to protect the animals by treatment with atropine. Atropine inhibits muscarinic stimulation and markedly reduces the copious airway secretion following nerve agent exposure. Indeed, post-exposure treatment with atropine methyl bromide, which does not cross the blood-brain barrier, resulted in 100% survival of VX-exposed animals. Bronchoalveolar lavage from VX-exposed and atropine-treated animals exhibited lower protein levels, cell number, and cell death compared to VX-exposed controls, indicating less lung injury. When pulmonary therapeutics were combined with atropine, significant protection to VX-exposure was observed. These results indicate that combinations of pulmonary therapeutics with atropine or drugs that inhibit mucous secretion are important for the treatment of respiratory toxicity and lung injury following VX exposure. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Med Toxicol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Nambiar, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Madhusoodana.nambiar@na.amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 219 IS 2-3 BP 142 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2006.11.002 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 145VF UT WOS:000244893200008 PM 17188727 ER PT J AU Blacksell, SD Myint, MSA Khounsy, S Phruaravanh, M Mammen, MP Day, NPJ Newton, PN AF Blacksell, Stuart D. Myint, Min Saw Aye Khounsy, Syseng Phruaravanh, Manivanh Mammen, Mammen P., Jr. Day, Nicholas P. J. Newton, Paul N. TI Prevalence of hepatitis E virus antibodies in pigs: implications for human infections in village-based subsistence pig farming in the Lao PDR SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Editorial Material DE hepatitis E virus; HEV; smallholder farming; pigs; Laos AB We report a high seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in pigs in the Lao PDR. HEV seroprevalence was 51.2% (300/586) amongst abattoir pigs and 15.3% (46/301) amongst village pigs. The age distribution suggested previous in-village HEV pig infections. These findings suggest a zoonotic risk associated with village-based smallholder pig farming. (c) 2006 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Oxford Univ Trop Med Res Collaborat, Wellcome Trust Mahosot Hosp, Mahosot Hosp, Oxford, England. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Wellcome Trust Mahidol Univ, Oxford Trop Med Res Programme, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Oxford, Churchill Hosp, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford, England. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Blacksell, SD (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Wellcome Trust Unit, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM stuart@tropmedres.ac OI Blacksell, Stuart/0000-0001-6576-726X FU Wellcome Trust NR 5 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 101 IS 3 BP 305 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2006.05.003 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 135CE UT WOS:000244130600015 PM 16919692 ER PT J AU Reed, DS Mohamadzadeh, M AF Reed, Douglas S. Mohamadzadeh, Mansour TI Status and challenges of filovirus vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE filovirus; Marburg; Ebola; vaccine ID EBOLA-VIRUS-INFECTION; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; ATTENUATED RECOMBINANT VACCINE; INACTIVATED MARBURG VIRUS; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RHESUS-MONKEYS; ENHANCING ANTIBODIES AB Vaccines that could protect humans against the highly lethal Marburg and Ebola viruses have eluded scientists for decades. Classical approaches have been generally unsuccessful for Marburg and Ebola viruses and pose enormous safety concerns as well. Modern approaches, in particular those using vector-based approaches have met with success in nonhuman primate models although success against Ebola has been more difficult to achieve than Marburg. Despite these successes, more work remains to be done. For the vector-based vaccines, safety in humans and potency in the face of pre-existing anti-vector immunity may be critical thresholds for licensure. The immunological mechanism(s) by which these vaccines protect has not yet been convincingly determined. Licensure of these vaccines for natural outbreaks may be possible through clinical trials although this will be very difficult; licensure may also be possible by pivotal efficacy studies in animal models with an appropriate challenge. Nevertheless, nonhuman primate studies have shown that protection against Marburg and Ebola is possible and there is hope that one day a vaccine will be licensed for human use. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, USAMRIID, Div Virol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Reed, DS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM doug.reed@det.amedd.army.mil; mansour.mohamadzadeh@det.amedd.army.mil OI Reed, Douglas/0000-0003-0076-9023 NR 118 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 1 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1923 EP 1934 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.11.037 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 146PZ UT WOS:000244948100002 PM 17241710 ER PT J AU Helm, SR AF Helm, Steven R. TI Red-breasted Sapsuckers nest in utility pole SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A pair of Red-breasted Sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus ruber) was observed nesting in an electric distribution, creosote-treated, wood utility pole in the Willamette Valley, Oregon during spring 2006. To the author's knowledge, this is the first published account of a sapsucker nesting in a utility pole. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97208 USA. RP Helm, SR (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, POB 2946 CENWP PM E, Portland, OR 97208 USA. EM steve.r.helm@usace.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD MAR PY 2007 VL 119 IS 1 BP 133 EP 134 DI 10.1676/06-086.1 PG 2 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 148YQ UT WOS:000245113700025 ER PT J AU Bhat, U Gul, N Graham, JS Milner, SM AF Bhat, U. Gul, N. Graham, J. S. Milner, S. M. TI Rapid and easy methods for detection of wound infections SO WOUND REPAIR AND REGENERATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Michael D Hendrix Burn Res Ctr, Johns Hopkins Burn Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. US Army Med Res Inst Chem Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1067-1927 J9 WOUND REPAIR REGEN JI Wound Repair Regen. PD MAR-APR PY 2007 VL 15 IS 2 MA 142 BP A52 EP A52 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Surgery SC Cell Biology; Dermatology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Surgery GA 143RM UT WOS:000244741900158 ER PT J AU Schnurr, PP Friedman, MJ Engel, CC Foa, EB Shea, MT Chow, BK Resick, PA Thurston, V Orsillo, SM Haug, R Turner, C Bernardy, N AF Schnurr, Paula P. Friedman, Matthew J. Engel, Charles C. Foa, Edna B. Shea, M. Tracie Chow, Bruce K. Resick, Patricia A. Thurston, Veronica Orsillo, Susan M. Haug, Rodney Turner, Carole Bernardy, Nancy TI Cognitive behavioral therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in women - A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID PROLONGED EXPOSURE; PROCESSING THERAPY; CLINICAL-TRIALS; RAPE VICTIMS; VETERANS; PTSD; PSYCHOTHERAPY; METAANALYSIS; PREVALENCE; SEVERITY AB Context The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) is elevated among women who have served in the military, but no prior study has evaluated treatment for PTSD in this population. Prior research suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy is a particularly effective treatment for PTSD. Objective To compare prolonged exposure, a type of cognitive behavioral therapy, with present-centered therapy, a supportive intervention, for the treatment of PTSD. Design, Setting, and Participants A randomized controlled trial of female veterans (n= 277) and active-duty personnel ( n= 7) with PTSD recruited from 9 VA medical centers, 2 VA readjustment counseling centers, and 1 military hospital from August 2002 through October 2005. Intervention Participants were randomly assigned to receive prolonged exposure ( n= 141) or present-centered therapy ( n= 143), delivered according to standard protocols in 10 weekly 90-minute sessions. Main Outcome Measures Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity was the primary outcome. Comorbid symptoms, functioning, and quality of life were secondary outcomes. Blinded assessors collected data before and after treatment and at 3- and 6-month follow-up. Results Women who received prolonged exposure experienced greater reduction of PTSD symptoms relative to women who received present-centered therapy ( effect size, 0.27; P=. 03). The prolonged exposure group was more likely than the present-centered therapy group to no longer meet PTSD diagnostic criteria (41.0% vs 27.8%; odds ratio, 1.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.96; P=. 01) and achieve total remission (15.2% vs 6.9%; odds ratio, 2.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-5.37; P=. 01). Effects were consistent over time in longitudinal analyses, although in cross-sectional analyses most differences occurred immediately after treatment. Conclusions Prolonged exposure is an effective treatment for PTSD in female veterans and active- duty military personnel. It is feasible to implement prolonged exposure across a range of clinical settings. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Natl Ctr PTSD 116D, White River Jct, VT 05009 USA. Dartmouth Coll Sch Med, Lebanon, NH USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. VA Off Women Vet Hlth, Washington, DC USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Brown Univ, Med Ctr, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Providence, RI USA. VA Cooperat Studies Program, Menlo Pk, CA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, VA Natl Ctr PTSD, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Suffolk Univ, Boston, MA 02114 USA. VA Readjustment Counseling Ctr, Cheyenne, WY USA. RP Schnurr, PP (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Natl Ctr PTSD 116D, 215 N Main St, White River Jct, VT 05009 USA. EM Paula.Schnurr@Dartmouth.edu NR 45 TC 370 Z9 371 U1 8 U2 47 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 28 PY 2007 VL 297 IS 8 BP 820 EP 830 DI 10.1001/jama.297.8.820 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 140DS UT WOS:000244485000025 PM 17327524 ER PT J AU O'Brien, C Mahoney, C Tharion, WJ Sils, IV Castellani, JW AF O'Brien, Catherine Mahoney, Caroline Tharion, William J. Sils, Ingrid V. Castellani, John W. TI Dietary tyrosine benefits cognitive and psychomotor performance during body cooling SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE hypothermia; marksmanship; working memory ID HUMAN THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSES; COLD-WATER; MARKSMANSHIP; STRESS; MEMORY; NOREPINEPHRINE; CONSEQUENCES; DOPAMINE; REVERSES; HUMANS AB Supplemental tyrosine is effective at limiting cold-induced decreases in working memory, presumably by augmenting brain catecholamine levels, since tyrosine is a precursor for catecholamine synthesis. The effectiveness of tyrosine for preventing cold-induced decreases in physical performance has not been examined. This study evaluated the effect of tyrosine supplementation on cognitive, psychomotor, and physical performance following a cold water immersion protocol that lowered body core temperature. Fifteen subjects completed a control trial (CON) in warm (35 degrees C) water and two cold water trials, each spaced a week apart. Subjects ingested an energy bar during each trial; on one cold trial (TYR) the bar contained tyrosine (300 mg/kg body weight), and on the other cold trial (PLB) and on CON the bar contained no tyrosine. Following each water immersion, subjects completed a battery of performance tasks in a cold air (10 degrees C) chamber. Core temperature was lower (p = 0.0001) on PLB and TYR (both 35.5 +/- 0.6 degrees C) than CON (37.1 +/- 0.3 degrees C). On PLB, performance on a Match-to-Sample task decreased 18% (p = 0.02) and marksmanship performance decreased 14% (p = 0.002), compared to CON, but there was no difference between TYR and CON. Step test performance decreased by 11% (p = 0.0001) on both cold trials, compared to CON. These data support previous findings that dietary tyrosine supplementation is effective for mitigating cold-induced cognitive performance such as working memory, even with reduced core temperature, and extends those findings to include the psychomotor task of marksmanship. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mtn Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Natick Res & Dev Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Natick, MA 01760 USA. US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP O'Brien, C (reprint author), US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mtn Med Div, Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD FEB 28 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 2-3 BP 301 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.09.027 PG 7 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 140WV UT WOS:000244538400014 PM 17078981 ER PT J AU Mahoney, CR Taylor, HA Kanarek, RB AF Mahoney, Caroline R. Taylor, Holly A. Kanarek, Robin B. TI Effect of an afternoon confectionery snack on cognitive processes critical to learning SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE carbohydrate; cognition; attention; snacks ID ELDERLY HUMANS; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; SUSTAINED ATTENTION; MEMORY ENHANCEMENT; SCHOOL-CHILDREN; 24-H MEMORY; PERFORMANCE; BREAKFAST; ACETYLCHOLINE; INSULIN AB Two experiments examined how an afternoon confectionery snack affects a variety of cognitive processes critical to learning. For Experiment 1, thirty-eight male undergraduates completed a dual learning task where the primary task involved learning either a map or stories and the secondary task required monitoring a radio broadcast for a specific word category. Results showed that for map learning, participants who consumed the confectionery snack performed better on the primary task. They correctly placed more country names and left fewer blanks on a map during long-term recall. However, on the secondary attention task, participants who consumed the confectionery snack had a lower hit rate. The confectionary snack did not affect story memory performance. In Experiment 2, 3 8 boys, aged 9-11 years, participated in a similar, age appropriate task. Results showed that boys who had consumed the confectionery snack correctly placed more names and left fewer blanks on a map in both short-term and long-term recall. In contrast with Experiment 1, performance on the secondary task was better after confectionary consumption. However, when tested on a separate vigilance attention task, children who consumed the placebo performed better. Overall results indicate that a confectionery snack, ingested in the afternoon, generally improves spatial memory, but has a mixed effect on attention performance. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Tufts Univ, Dept Psychol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Mahoney, CR (reprint author), US Army Soldier Ctr, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM caroline.mahoney@natick.army.mil NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD FEB 28 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 2-3 BP 344 EP 352 DI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.09.033 PG 9 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 140WV UT WOS:000244538400019 PM 17081573 ER PT J AU Genovese, RF Oubre, JL Jakubowski, EM Fleming, PJ Saxena, A Rockwood, GA Tipparaju, P Willmore, CB AF Genovese, Raymond F. Oubre, John L. Jakubowski, E. Michael Fleming, Patrick J. Saxena, Ashima Rockwood, Gary A. Tipparaju, Prasanthi Willmore, Catherine B. TI Evaluation of cognitive and biochemical effects of low-level exposure to sarin in rhesus and African green monkeys SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sarin; primate; rhesus; African green; GB; SPR; cognition; memory ID CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; REACTIVATION; ERYTHROCYTE; DIAZEPAM AB We investigated the potential of low-level exposures to the chemical warfare nerve agent, sarin, to produce adverse effects. Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and African green monkeys (Chlorocebus acthiops) were trained on a serial probe recognition (SPR) task before IM administration of a low-level concentration (5.87 mu g/kg or 2.93 mu g/kg) of sarin. Blood was sampled before agent administration and at various times following administration. Sarin administration did not disrupt performance on the SPR task in either species. Major dependent measures characterizing performance (accuracy, number of completed trials per session, average choice response time) were largely unaffected on the day sarin was administered as well as on subsequent testing sessions occurring over several weeks following administration. Analyses of red blood cell (RBC) and plasma samples revealed that sarin administration produced a substantial degree of inhibition of circulating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in RBC fractions and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in plasma fractions, which only slowly recovered. In this regard, AChE activity was inhibited to a greater extent than BChE activity. Blood samples were also evaluated for regenerated sarin, which was found in RBC and plasma fractions in both species and showed orderly elimination functions. More sarin was regenerated from RBC fractions than from plasma fractions. Elimination of regenerated satin was much slower in RBC than plasma and exceeded the expected time of AChE aging, suggesting the presence of additional sarin binding sites. In general, effects were similar in both species. Taken together, our results show that while the concentrations of sarin administered were clearly biochemically active, they were below those that are required to produce a disruption of behavioral performance. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Operat Toxicol Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Adv Assessment Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Genovese, RF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Raymond.Genovese@US.ARMY.MIL NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD FEB 28 PY 2007 VL 231 IS 1 BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2006.10.018 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 141LJ UT WOS:000244579700002 PM 17126468 ER PT J AU Walizer, EM Marshall, DA Jackson, HM Taylor, AJ Jackson, HM AF Walizer, Elaine M. Marshall, Debra A. Jackson, Henry M. Taylor, Allen J. Jackson, Henry M. TI The effect of an intensive 1-year lifestyle intervention program on carotid intima-medial thickness SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 47th Annual Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology and Prevention CY FEB 28-MAR 03, 2007 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Heart Assoc, Council Epidemiol & Prevent, Council Nutr, Phys Activ & Metabolism, Natl Heart, Lung & Blood Inst C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD FEB 27 PY 2007 VL 115 IS 8 BP E274 EP E275 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 140CY UT WOS:000244482200304 ER PT J AU Zhao, P Woolard, DL AF Zhao, Peiji Woolard, Dwight L. TI Suppression of electron-phonon scattering in double-quantum-dot based-quantum gates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS AB The authors propose a nanostructure design which can significantly suppress longitudinal-acoustic-phonon-lectron scattering in double-quantum-dot based quantum gates for quantum computing. The calculated relaxation rates versus voltage exhibit a double-peak feature with a minimum approaching 10(5) s(-1). In this matter, the energy conservation law prohibits scattering contributions from phonons with large momenta; furthermore, increasing the barrier height between the double quantum dots reduces coupling strength between the dots. Hence, the joint action of the energy conservation law and the decoupling greatly reduces the scattering rates. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zhao, P (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM pzhao@unity.ncsu.edu NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 9 AR 093507 DI 10.1063/1.2710472 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 141PR UT WOS:000244591700106 ER PT J AU Zhong, S Alpay, SP Cole, MW Ngo, E Hirsch, S Demaree, JD AF Zhong, S. Alpay, S. P. Cole, M. W. Ngo, E. Hirsch, S. Demaree, J. D. TI Highly tunable and temperature insensitive multilayer barium strontium titanate films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERROELECTRIC THIN-FILMS; DEVICE APPLICATIONS; INTEGRATION; TUNABILITY AB Multilayered Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (BST) films were deposited on Pt coated Si substrates via metalorganic solution deposition. The multilayer heterostructures consisted of three distinct layers of similar to 220 nm nominal thickness with compositions corresponding to BST 63/37, BST 78/22, and BST 88/12. At room temperature, the heterostructure has a small-signal dielectric permittivity of 360 with a dissipation factor of 0.012 and a dielectric tunability of 65% at 444 kV/cm. These properties exhibited minimal dispersion as a function of temperature ranging from 90 to -10 degrees C. These results are explained via a thermodynamic model that incorporates electrical, mechanical, and electromechanical interactions between BST layers. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Connecticut, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Active Mat Res Grp, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Alpay, SP (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM p.alpay@ims.uconn.edu RI Alpay, Pamir/E-2666-2013 NR 18 TC 74 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 26 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 9 AR 092901 DI 10.1063/1.2710005 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 141PR UT WOS:000244591700068 ER PT J AU Hooper, JW Golden, JW Ferro, AM King, AD AF Hooper, Jay W. Golden, Joseph W. Ferro, Anthony M. King, Alan D. TI Smallpox DNA vaccine delivered by novel skin electroporation device protects mice against intranasal poxvirus challenge SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE poxviruses; DNA vaccine; electroporation ID ACTIVATOR SIGNAL SEQUENCES; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; VIRUS CHALLENGE; IN-VIVO; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; PLASMID DNA; IMMUNIZATION; EFFICACY; HUMANS AB Previously, we demonstrated that an experimental smallpox DNA vaccine comprised of four vaccinia virus genes (4pox) administered by gene gun elicited protective immunity in mice challenged with vaccinia virus, and in nonhuman primates challenged with monkeypox virus (Hooper JW, et al. Smallpox DNA vaccine protects nonhuman primates against lethal monkeypox. J Virol 2004;78:4433-43). Here, we report that this 4pox DNA vaccine can be efficiently delivered by a novel method involving skin electroporation using plasmid DNA-coated microneedle arrays. Mice vaccinated with the 4pox DNA vaccine mounted robust antibody responses against the four immunogens-of-interest, including neutralizing antibody titers that were greater than those elicited by the traditional live virus vaccine administered by scarification. Moreover, vaccinated mice were completely protected against a lethal (> 10LD(50)) intranasal challenge with vaccinia virus strain IHD-J. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a protective immune response being elicited by microneedle-mediated skin electroporation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Cyto Pulse Sci Inc, Glen Burnie, MD 21061 USA. RP Hooper, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jay.hooper@amedd.army.mil OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 35 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 26 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1814 EP 1823 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.11.017 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 142IL UT WOS:000244642700014 PM 17240007 ER PT J AU Fine, DL Roberts, BA Teehee, ML Terpening, SJ Kelly, CLH Raetz, JL Baker, DC Powers, AM Bowen, RA AF Fine, Donald L. Roberts, Brian A. Teehee, Max L. Terpening, Sara J. Kelly, Cindy L. H. Raetz, Janae L. Baker, Dale C. Powers, Ann M. Bowen, Richard A. TI Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccine candidate (V3526) safety, immunogenicity and efficacy in horses SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus; equines; vaccines ID ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; STRAINS; MICE; PROTECTION; INFECTION; MUTATIONS; RESPONSES; DURATION; MUTANTS; C3H/HEN AB A new vaccine, V3526, is a live-attenuated virus derived by site-directed mutagenesis from a virulent clone of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) IA/B Trinidad donkey (TrD) strain, intended for human use in protection against Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE). Two studies were conducted in horses to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, ability to boost and protective efficacy of V3526 against challenges of TrD and VEEV IE 64A99. Horses were vaccinated subcutaneously (SC) with 10(7), 10(5), 10(3) or 10(2) plaque-forming units (pfu) of V3526. Control horses were sham immunized. In the first study, challenge viruses (TrD or 64A99) were administered SC 28 days post-vaccination (PV). No viremia and only mild fluctuation in white blood cell counts were observed PV. None of the V3526 vaccinated horses showed clinical signs of disease or pathology of VEE post-challenge (PC). In contrast, control horses challenged SC with 10(4) pfu TrD, became viremic and showed classical signs of VEE beginning on Day 3 PC, including elevated body temperature, anorexia, leukopenia and malaise. Moderate to severe encephalitis was found in three of five control horses challenged with TrD. Control horses challenged with 64A99 failed to develop detectable viremia, but did exhibit a brief febrile episode at 1-3 days PC. None of the 10 immunized horses challenged with 64A99 became pyrexic. Twenty four of 25 horses immunized with V3526 in the first study developed serum neutralizing antibody to TrD and 64A99 within 14 days PV. Vaccinations with V3526, at doses as low as 10(2) pfu, were safe and efficacious in protecting horses against a virulent TrD virus challenge. The second study supported that repeat dosing resulted in an increase in serum neutralizing antibody to TrD. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 DynPort Vaccine Co LLC, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Mat Dev Act, Regulatiry Affairs Div, Regulated Syst Validat Branch, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Immunol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Fine, DL (reprint author), DynPort Vaccine Co LLC, 64 CSC Co,64 Thomas Johnson Dr, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM dfine@csc.com NR 30 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 26 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1868 EP 1876 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.030 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 142IL UT WOS:000244642700020 PM 17240002 ER PT J AU Miroshnikova, OV Hudson, TH Gerena, L Kyle, DE Lin, AJ AF Miroshnikova, Olga V. Hudson, Thomas H. Gerena, Lucia Kyle, Dennis E. Lin, Ai J. TI Synthesis and antimalarial activity of new isotebuquine analogues SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID AMODIAQUINE-INDUCED AGRANULOCYTOSIS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; FLUORINE SUBSTITUTION; TEBUQUINE; INVITRO; DRUGS; DISPOSITION; METABOLISM; CONVENIENT; GROWTH AB Amodiaquine (AQ) and tebuquine are 4-aminoquinoline antimalarials with Mannich base side chain and are highly effective against chloroquine (CQ)-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Clinical use of AQ has been severely restricted due to hepatoxicity and agranulocytosis side effects associated with its long term use. Lysosomal accumulation and bioactivation to generate reactive quinoneimine metabolite are implicated to be the cause of the observed AQ toxicities. To avoid the quinoneimine formation and thus the toxicity, a series of isotebuquine analogues and their N-omega-oxides with hydroxy group meta to the amino rather than in para position of the aniline moiety were prepared. The new Mannich bases are highly active against both CQ-sensitive (D6) and -resistant (W2 and TM91C235) clones of P. falciparum with IC50 in the range of 0.3-120 ng/mL. New compounds are1000-fold less toxic (IC50 = 0.7-6 mu g/mL) to mouse macrophage cell line than to parasite cell lines. Mono-Mannich bases are more active than bis-Mannich bases. Mono-Mannich base 1a (IC50 = 0.3 ng/mL) is 20-fold more active than the corresponding trifluoromethyl analogue 1b. No appreciable difference in either toxicity or efficacy were observed between the new Mannich bases (m-hydroxyaniline derivatives) 1a or 2a and the corresponding p-hydroxyaniline derivatives. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lin, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM ai.lin@na.amedd.army.mil RI Hudson, Thomas/A-9152-2011 NR 27 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD FEB 22 PY 2007 VL 50 IS 4 BP 889 EP 896 DI 10.1021/jm061232x PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 136LR UT WOS:000244224900031 PM 17266295 ER PT J AU Ahmad, F Schnitker, SP Newell, CJ AF Ahmad, Farrukh Schnitker, Stephen P. Newell, Charles J. TI Remediation of RDX- and HMX-contaminated groundwater using organic mulch permeable reactive barriers SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE PRB; RDX; organic mulch; groundwater remediation; biowall ID 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; METABOLITES; BIODEGRADATION; IRON; SOIL AB Organic mulch is a complex organic material that is typically populated with its own consortium of microorganisms. The organisms in mulch breakdown complex organics to soluble carbon, which can then be used by these and other microorganisms as an electron donor for treating RDX and HMX via reductive pathways. A bench-scale treatability study with organic mulch was conducted for the treatment of RDX- and HMX-contaminated groundwater obtained front a plume at the Pueblo Chemical Depot (PCD) in Pueblo, Colorado. The site-specific cleanup criteria of 0.55 ppb RDX and 602 ppb HMX were used as the logical goals of the study. Column flow-through tests were run to steady-state at the average site seepage velocity, using a 70%:30% (vol.:vol.) mulch:pea gravel packing to approach the formation's permeability. Significant results included: (1) Complete removal of 90 ppb influent RDX and 8 ppb influent HMX in steady-state mulch column effluent; (2) pseudo-first-order steady-state kinetic rate constant, k, of 0.20 to 0.27 h(-1) based on RDX data, using triplicate parallel column runs; (3) accumulation of reduced RDX intermediates in the steady-state column effluent at less than 2% of the influent RDX mass; (4) no binding of RDX to the column fill material; and (5) no leaching of RDX, HMX or reduction intermediates from the column fill material. The results of the bench-scale study will be used to design and implement a pilot-scale organic mulch/pea gravel permeable reactive barrier (PRB) at the site. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Groundwater Serv Inc, Houston, TX 77098 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, USACE Labs, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. RP Ahmad, F (reprint author), Groundwater Serv Inc, 2211 Norfolk,Suite 1000, Houston, TX 77098 USA. EM cjnewell@gsi-net.com OI Ahmad, Farrukh/0000-0003-1405-220X NR 41 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD FEB 20 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.09.005 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 122QB UT WOS:000243240400001 PM 17067719 ER PT J AU Stone, KE Chiquette, E Chilton, RJ AF Stone, Kenneth E. Chiquette, Elaine Chilton, Robert J. TI Diabetic endovascular disease: Role of coronary artery revascularization SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRUG-ELUTING STENTS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CONTROLLED-TRIALS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; BLOOD-INSTITUTE; RISK-FACTORS; MELLITUS; IMPLANTATION; RESTENOSIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB This century brings a pandemic of diabetes mellitus, with marked increases in early-accelerated atherosclerosis. When asymptomatic patients with diabetes present for evaluation, they have more extensive coronary atherosclerosis, lower ejection fractions, higher rates of previous cardiac events, and more silent ischemia than the normal population. The challenge faced by clinicians is to accurately identify asymptomatic patients with diabetes who have significant coronary ischemia that would benefit from revascularization. Diabetic endovascular disease has all the high-risk features to promote atherosclerosis and coronary occlusion: hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, impaired fibrinolysis, increased platelet aggregation, plaque instability, dysfunctional arterial remodeling, and fibrotic and calcified coronary arteries. The optimal revascularization strategy for patients with diabetes is an ongoing debate. The advent of drug-eluting stents has changed the landscape, and some have suggested that the current role of coronary artery bypass grafting may be reduced by as much as 46%. Unfortunately, there is limited evidence from randomized, controlled trials that reflects current practice and could guide clinicians in making the best choices for patients with diabetes and coronary disease. It is hoped that ongoing trials-including Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes (BARI 2D), Future Revascularization Evaluation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Optimal Management of Multivessel Disease (FREEDOM), and Coronary Artery Revascularisation in Diabetes (CARDia)-will answer many of the remaining questions. Still, the best treatment includes lifestyle modification and early prevention strategies with global risk reduction. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. RP Chilton, RJ (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, 7400 Merton Minter Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM Chilton@uthscsa.edu NR 55 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD FEB 19 PY 2007 VL 99 IS 4A SU S BP 105B EP 112B DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.11.024 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 143FR UT WOS:000244705900012 PM 17307063 ER PT J AU Jenkinson, SR Intlekofer, AM Sun, G Feigenbaum, L Reiner, SL Bosselut, R AF Jenkinson, S. Rhiannon Intlekofer, Andrew M. Sun, Guangping Feigenbaum, Lionel Reiner, Steven L. Bosselut, Remy TI Expression of the transcription factor cKrox in peripheral CD8 T cells reveals substantial postthymic plasticity in CD4-CD8 lineage differentiation SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DNA METHYLATION; POSITIVE SELECTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; EFFECTOR; THYMOCYTES; COMMITMENT; BET; EOMESODERMIN; CHROMATIN; DOMAINS AB Most T cells belong to either of two lineages defined by the mutually exclusive expression of CD4 and CD8 coreceptors: CD4 T cells are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II restricted and have helper function, whereas CD8 T cells are MHC I restricted and have cytotoxic function. The divergence between these two lineages occurs during intrathymic selection and is thought to be irreversible in mature T cells. It is, however, unclear whether the CD4-CD8 differentiation of postthymic T cells retains some level of plasticity or is stably maintained by mechanisms distinct from those that set lineage choice in the thymus. To address this issue, we examined if coreceptor or effector gene expression in mature CD8 T cells remains sensitive to the zinc finger transcription factor cKrox, which promotes CD4 and inhibits CD8 differentiation when expressed in thymocytes. We show that cKrox transduction into CD8 T cells inhibits their expression of CD8 and cytotoxic effector genes and impairs their cytotoxic activity, and that it promotes expression of helper-specific genes, although not of CD4 itself. These observations reveal a persistent degree of plasticity in CD4-CD8 differentiation in mature T cells. C1 NCI, Lab Immune Cell Biol, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Penn, Abramson Family Canc Res Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NCI, Frederick Canc Res & Dev Ctr, SAIC Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bosselut, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, CD&I, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM remy@helix.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIAID NIH HHS [AI053827, R01 AI053827] NR 29 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD FEB 19 PY 2007 VL 204 IS 2 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1084/jem.20061982 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 140KP UT WOS:000244504100007 PM 17296789 ER PT J AU Burnett, JC Ruthel, G Stegmann, CM Panchal, RG Nguyen, TL Hermone, AR Stafford, RG Lane, DJ Kenny, TA McGrath, CF Wipf, P Stahl, AM Schmidt, JJ Gussio, R Brunger, AT Bavari, S AF Burnett, James C. Ruthel, Gordon Stegmann, Christian M. Panchal, Rekha G. Nguyen, Tam L. Hermone, Ann R. Stafford, Robert G. Lane, Douglas J. Kenny, Tara A. McGrath, Connor F. Wipf, Peter Stahl, Andrea M. Schmidt, James J. Gussio, Rick Brunger, Axel T. Bavari, Sina TI Inhibition of metalloprotease botulinum serotype A from a pseudo-peptide binding mode to a small molecule that is active in primary neurons SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TOXIN TYPE-A; NEUROTOXIN SEROTYPE; ZINC ENDOPEPTIDASE; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; COMMON PHARMACOPHORE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PROTEASE ACTIVITY; POISONOUS POISON; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS AB An efficient research strategy integrating empirically guided, structure-based modeling and chemoinformatics was used to discover potent small molecule inhibitors of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain. First, a modeled binding mode for inhibitor 2-mercapto-3-phenylpropionyl-RATKML (K-i = 330 nM) was generated, and required the use of a molecular dynamic conformer of the enzyme displaying the reorientation of surface loops bordering the substrate binding cleft. These flexible loops are conformationally variable in x-ray crystal structures, and the model predicted that they were pivotal for providing complementary binding surfaces and solvent shielding for the pseudo-peptide. The docked conformation of 2-mercapto-3-phenylpropionyl-RATKML was then used to refine our pharmacophore for botulinum serotype A light chain inhibition. Data base search queries derived from the pharmacophore were employed to mine small molecule (non-peptidic) inhibitors from the National Cancer Institute's Open Repository. Four of the inhibitors possess K, values ranging from 3.0 to 10.0 mu m. Of these, NSC 240898 is a promising lead for therapeutic development, as it readily enters neurons, exhibits no neuronal toxicity, and elicits dose-dependent protection of synaptosomal-associated protein (of 25 kDa) in a primary culture of embryonic chicken neurons. Isothermal titration calorimetry showed that the interaction between NSC 240898 and the botulinum A light chain is largely entropy-driven, and occurs with a 1:1 stoichiometry and a dissociation constant of 4.6 mu M. C1 Stanford Univ, Sch Med, HHMI, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol & Neurol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NCI Frederick, Informat Technol Branch, Dev Therapeut Program, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. SAIC Frederick, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Frederick, MD USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Combinatorial Chem Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Brunger, AT (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, HHMI, 318 Campus Dr,Rm E300, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM brunger@stanford.edu; sina.bavari@us.army.mil OI Brunger, Axel/0000-0001-5121-2036 NR 46 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 16 PY 2007 VL 282 IS 7 BP 5004 EP 5014 DI 10.1074/jbc.M608166200 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 140CX UT WOS:000244482000083 ER PT J AU McGlynn, KA Sakoda, LC Rubertone, MV Sesterhenn, IA Lyu, C Graubard, BI Erickson, RL AF McGlynn, Katherine A. Sakoda, Lori C. Rubertone, Mark V. Sesterhenn, Isabel A. Lyu, Christopher Graubard, Barry I. Erickson, Ralph L. TI Body size, dairy consumption, puberty, and risk of testicular germ cell tumors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE body height; diet; puberty; testicular neoplasms ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; TESTIS CANCER; BIRTH COHORT; UNITED-STATES; ADULT HEIGHT; TRENDS; MEN; ASSOCIATION; CARCINOMA; PROSTATE AB The etiology of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) is poorly understood, with cryptorchidism and family history being the only well-established risk factors. Body size, age at puberty, and dairy consumption, however, have been suggested to be related to TGCTs. To clarify the relation of these variables to TGCT risk and to one another, the authors analyzed data from 767 cases and 928 controls enrolled in the Servicemen's Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants Study (2002-2005). Overall, increased height was significantly related to risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36, 2.45), though body mass index was not (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.66, 1.69). There was no association with age at puberty, based on ages at first shaving (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.73), voice changing (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.71, 1.32), and nocturnal emissions (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.73, 1.37). Similarly, there was no relation with dairy consumption at any age between birth and 12th grade. These results suggest that height is a risk factor for TGCTs, but the relation is unlikely explained by childhood dairy consumption. As adult height is largely determined in the first 2 years of life, increased attention to events in this interval may help elucidate the etiology of TGCTs. C1 Natl Canc Inst, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. US Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Battelle Inst Ctr Publ Hlth Res & Evaluat, Durham, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Prevent Med, Dept Def, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP McGlynn, KA (reprint author), Natl Canc Inst, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, EPS 7060,6120 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM mcglynnk@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 37 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD FEB 15 PY 2007 VL 165 IS 4 BP 355 EP 363 DI 10.1093/aje/kwk019 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 134ZQ UT WOS:000244123800001 PM 17110638 ER PT J AU Wright, JS Khanna, R Voss, LF Stafford, L Gila, BP Norton, DP Pearton, SJ Wang, HT Jang, S Anderson, T Chen, JJ Kang, BS Ren, F Shen, H LaRoche, JR Ip, K AF Wright, J. S. Khanna, Rohit Voss, L. F. Stafford, L. Gila, B. P. Norton, D. P. Pearton, S. J. Wang, Hung-Ta Jang, S. Anderson, T. Chen, J. J. Kang, B. S. Ren, F. Shen, H. LaRoche, Jeffrey R. Ip, Kelly TI Effect of cryogenic temperature deposition on Au contacts to bulk, single-crystal n-type ZnO SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ZnO; Schottky contacts ID SCHOTTKY CONTACTS; ZNO(0001) SURFACES; CURRENT TRANSPORT; ZINC-OXIDE; FILMS; DIODES; ROOM AB An contacts were deposited on bulk, n-type single-crystal ZnO at either 77 K or 300 K. The room temperature deposition produced contacts with ohmic characteristics. By sharp contrast, the cryogenic deposition produced rectifying characteristics with barrier heights around 0.4 eV. The differences in contact behavior were stable to anneal temperatures of similar to 300 degrees C. There were no differences in near-surface stoichiometry for the different deposition temperatures, while the low temperature contacts showed a more uniform appearance. With further optimization of the predeposition cleaning process, this may be a useful method for engineering barrier heights on ZnO. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Raytheon RF Components, Andover, MA 01810 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Voss, Lars/C-3623-2009 NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 2007 VL 253 IS 8 BP 3766 EP 3772 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.07.090 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 142NL UT WOS:000244656600006 ER PT J AU Alhamadsheh, MM Waters, NC Huddler, DP Kreishman-Deitrick, M Florova, G Reynolds, KA AF Alhamadsheh, Mamoun M. Waters, Norman C. Huddler, Donald P. Kreishman-Deitrick, Mara Florova, Galina Reynolds, Kevin A. TI Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiazolidine-2-one 1,1-dioxide as inhibitors of Escherichia coli beta-ketoacyl-ACP-synthase III (FabH) SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE FabH; fatty acid biosynthesis; inhibition; SAR; antimalarial ID FATTY-ACID SYNTHASE; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; CONDENSING ENZYME; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BIOSYNTHESIS; GENE; SEQUENCE AB A series of cyclic sulfones has been synthesized and their activity against beta-ketoacyl-ACP-synthase III (FabH) has been investigated. The compounds are selectively active against Escherichia coli FabH (ecFabH), but not Mycobacterium tuberculosis FabH (mtFabH) or Plasmodium falciparum KASIII (PfKASIII). The activity against ecFabH ranges from 0.9 to > 100 mu M and follows a consistent general SAR trend. Many of the compounds were shown to have antimalarial activity against chloroquine (CQ)sensitive (D6) P. falciparaan (IC50 = 5.3 mu M for the most potent inhibitor) and some were active against E coli (MIC = 6.6 mu g/ml for the most potent inhibitor). (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Reynolds, KA (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM reynoldsk@pdx.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI52230] NR 20 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2007 VL 17 IS 4 BP 879 EP 883 DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.11.067 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 142GF UT WOS:000244636700004 PM 17189694 ER PT J AU Little, JW Svensson, SP Beck, WA Goldberg, AC Kennerly, SW Hongsmatip, T Winn, M Uppal, P AF Little, J. W. Svensson, S. P. Beck, W. A. Goldberg, A. C. Kennerly, S. W. Hongsmatip, T. Winn, M. Uppal, P. TI Thin active region, type II superlattice photodiode arrays: Single-pixel and focal plane array characterization SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED PHOTODIODES; DETECTORS AB We have measured the radiometric properties of two midwave infrared photodiode arrays (320x256 pixel(2) format) fabricated from the same wafer comprising a thin (0.24 mu m), not intentionally doped InAs/GaSb superlattice between a p-doped GaSb layer and a n-doped InAs layer. One of the arrays was indium bump bonded to a silicon fanout chip to allow for the measurement of properties of individual pixels, and one was bonded to a readout integrated circuit to enable array-scale measurements and infrared imaging. The superlattice layer is thin enough that it is fully depleted at zero bias, and the collection efficiency of photogenerated carriers in the intrinsic region is close to unity. This simplifies the interpretation of photocurrent data as compared with previous measurements made on thick superlattices with complex doping profiles. Superlattice absorption coefficient curves, obtained from measurements of the external quantum efficiency using two different assumptions for optical coupling into the chip, bracket values calculated using an eight-band k center dot p model. Measurements of the quantum efficiency map of the focal plane array were in good agreement with the single-pixel measurements. Imagery obtained with this focal plane array demonstrates the high uniformity and crystal quality of the type II superlattice material. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. BAE Syst, Nashua, NH 03060 USA. RP Little, JW (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. EM jlittle@arl.army.mil NR 13 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2007 VL 101 IS 4 AR 044514 DI 10.1063/1.2512054 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 140TY UT WOS:000244530800087 ER PT J AU Tober, RL AF Tober, Richard L. TI Active region temperatures of quantum cascade lasers during pulsed excitation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RESOLVED EMISSION; ARRAYS; FACET AB Temperature changes in quantum cascade laser active regions can be accurately estimated, during pulsed excitation, by monitoring the spectral shift of laser's longitudinal modes. Relatively small differences in the amplitude and widths of excitation current pulses yielded large, and therefore easily measurable, longitudinal mode shifts. Thus, straightforward experiments can be used estimate active region temperatures and physical parameters. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tober, RL (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM richt@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2007 VL 101 IS 4 AR 044507 DI 10.1063/1.2432478 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 140TY UT WOS:000244530800080 ER PT J AU Byrd, EFC Rice, BM AF Byrd, Edward F. C. Rice, Betsy M. TI Ab initio study of compressed 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitrohexaazaisowurzitane (CL-20), 2,4,6-trinitro-1,3,5-benzenetriamine (TATB), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ORGANIC MOLECULAR-CRYSTALS; DER-WAALS INTERACTIONS; PERIODIC HARTREE-FOCK; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; EQUATION-OF-STATE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ENERGETIC MATERIALS; HIGH-PRESSURE; HYDROSTATIC COMPRESSION AB Using the PW91, PBE, and LDA density functional theories (DFT), we have calculated crystal structures for five energetic molecular crystals over a range of experimental pressures. These crystals are 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX), cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitrohexaazaisowurzitane (CL-20), 2,4,6-trinitro-1,3,5-benzenetriamine (TATB), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Both PW91 and PBE generally overestimate volumes relative to experimental values, while LDA underestimates crystal volumes when compared to experiment. However, the inaccuracy diminishes as pressures are increased. In particular, PW91 and PBE volumes approach experimental values at pressures greater than 6-7 GPa. Furthermore the PW91 and PBE volumes appear to converge to the same value as pressures increase, regardless of the size of the planewave basis set. We have also demonstrated that for systems such as these, care should be taken to ensure convergence in DFT calculations. We emphasize that the mistreatment of van der Waals forces by DFT will have unforeseen consequences on all crystal calculations for weakly bound organic molecules, and therefore caution should be employed whenever interpreting results obtained from the current DFT functionals available in solid-state codes. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Byrd, EFC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 87 TC 119 Z9 121 U1 5 U2 61 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD FEB 15 PY 2007 VL 111 IS 6 BP 2787 EP 2796 DI 10.1021/jp0617930 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 147LY UT WOS:000245005700060 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, Edwin B. TI Days of valor: An inside account of the bloodiest six months of the Vietnam War SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD FEB 15 PY 2007 VL 132 IS 3 BP 134 EP 134 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 134RZ UT WOS:000244103000148 ER PT J AU Stifelman, M AF Stifelman, Marc TI Using doubly-labeled water measurements of human energy expenditure to estimate inhalation rates SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE inhalation; risk assessment; energy expenditure; doubly-labeled water ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; EXERCISE AB Doubly-labeled water (DLW) data is recognized as an improvement over alternative methods to quantify human energy expenditure. Previously, energy expenditure has been estimated indirectly using heart-rate monitoring, calorimetry, or accelerometer measurements. Inhalation rate estimates can benefit from improved energy expenditure estimates using equations developed by Layton. DLW methods are advantageous for several reasons: the database is robust, they are direct measures, subjects are free-living, and the observation period is longer than what is possible from staged activity measures. DLW energy data is an improvement over previous inhalation estimates based on dietary recall survey data. Mean long-term inhalation rates of 16 m(3)/day and 13 m(3)/day, for physically active adult men and women, respectively, were derived based on DLW estimates of energy expended. The range of human energy expenditure is narrow with the maximum energy expenditure not likely greater than twice the minimum. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Environm Protect Agcy, Risk Evaluat Unit, Off Environm Assessment, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP Stifelman, M (reprint author), USA, Environm Protect Agcy, Risk Evaluat Unit, Off Environm Assessment, Reg 10,1200 6th Ave,Mail Stop OEA-095, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM stifelman.marc@epa.gov RI Stifelman, Marc/A-8041-2009 OI Stifelman, Marc/0000-0002-0913-3745 NR 23 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2007 VL 373 IS 2-3 BP 585 EP 590 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.11.041 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 142DJ UT WOS:000244629100016 PM 17234257 ER PT J AU Rueda, LM Zhao, TY Ma, YJ Gao, Q Ding, ZG Khuntirat, B Sattabongkot, J Wilkerson, RC AF Rueda, Leopoldo M. Zhao, Tongyan Ma, Yajun Gao, Qi Ding, Zhu Guo Khuntirat, Benjawan Sattabongkot, Jetsumon Wilkerson, Richard C. TI Updated distribution records of the Anopheles (Anopheles) hyrcanus species-group (Diptera : Culicidae) in China SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Hyrcanus group; Diptera; Culicidae; mosquitoes; malaria; China ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS AB Mosquito collections were carried out during July-August 2005 in China. The known distribution of Anopheles hyrcanus species-group in China is updated based on published records and original observations. Twenty-one of about 30 known species of the Old World Hyrcanus group (Anopheles subgenus Anopheles), including An. belenrae Rueda, were recorded in 24 provinces and 2 cities. Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann, recorded in 21 provinces and 2 cities, is the most widely distributed species, followed by An. pullus Yamada and An. kweingyangensis Yao and Wu. The status of the type specimens of some Hyrcanus group species and their importance in disease transmission are also noted. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. Beijing Inst Microbiol & Epidemiol, State Key Lab Pathogen & Biosecur, Beijing 100071, Peoples R China. Second Mil Med Univ, Dept Etiol Biol, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Jiangsu Inst Parasit Dis, Wuxi 214064, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. USAMC, AFRIMS, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Rueda, LM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM ruedapol@si.edu NR 25 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD FEB 15 PY 2007 IS 1407 BP 43 EP 55 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 136UZ UT WOS:000244250900005 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, Nicola West, Bruce J. TI Probability distributions in conservative energy exchange models of multiple interacting agents SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID WEALTH AB Herein we study energy exchange models of multiple interacting agents that conserve energy in each interaction. The models differ regarding the rules that regulate the energy exchange and boundary effects. We find a variety of stochastic behaviours that manifest energy equilibrium probability distributions of different types and interaction rules that yield not only the exponential distributions such as the familiar Maxwell-Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution of an elastically colliding ideal particle gas, but also uniform distributions, truncated exponential distributions, Gaussian distributions, Gamma distributions, inverse power law distributions, mixed exponential and inverse power law distributions, and evolving distributions. This wide variety of distributions should be of value in determining the underlying mechanisms generating the statistical properties of complex phenomena including those to be found in complex chemical reactions. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD FEB 14 PY 2007 VL 19 IS 6 AR 065138 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/19/6/065138 PG 18 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 130OU UT WOS:000243809700039 ER PT J AU Valcour, VG Sithinamsuwan, P Nidhinandana, S Thitivichianlert, S Ratto-Kim, S Apateerapong, W Shiramizu, BT deSouza, MS Chitpatima, ST Watt, G Chuenchitra, T Robertson, KR Paul, RH McArthur, JC Kim, JH Shikuma, CM AF Valcour, V. G. Sithinamsuwan, P. Nidhinandana, S. Thitivichianlert, S. Ratto-Kim, S. Apateerapong, W. Shiramizu, B. T. deSouza, M. S. Chitpatima, S. T. Watt, G. Chuenchitra, T. Robertson, K. R. Paul, R. H. McArthur, J. C. Kim, J. H. Shikuma, C. M. CA Southeast Asia Res Collaboration TI Neuropsychological abnormalities in patients with dementia in CRF 01_AE HIV-1 infection SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEUROPSYCHIATRIC AIDS AB HIV-associated dementia (HAD) is not firmly established in patients with circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE HIV-1. In this study, we compared neuropsychological performance among 15 Thai individuals with HAD, 15 Thai individuals without HAD, and 30 HIV-negative control subjects. HIV-1 participants were highly active anti-retroviral therapy naive and matched by age, education, and CD4 count. Neuropsychological testing abnormalities were identified in most cognitive domains among HAD vs HIV-negative participants, confirming the presence of HAD in CRF01_AE. C1 Univ Hawaii, Hawaii AIDS Clin Res Program, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ Missouri, Div Behav Neurosci, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. Mahidol Univ, Dept Retrovirol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Royal Thai Army, Div Res, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Med Dept, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Valcour, VG (reprint author), Leahi Hosp, Off Neurol & Aging Res, Sinclair 202,3675 Kilauea Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. EM Vvalcour@hawaii.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R21 MH072388]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS053345] NR 10 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD FEB 13 PY 2007 VL 68 IS 7 BP 525 EP 527 DI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000253196.78193.c7 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 135SP UT WOS:000244173700010 PM 17296919 ER PT J AU Liu, JW Brown, AK Meng, XL Cropek, DM Istok, JD Watson, DB Lu, Y AF Liu, Juewen Brown, Andrea K. Meng, Xiangli Cropek, Donald M. Istok, Jonathan D. Watson, David B. Lu, Yi TI A catalytic beacon sensor for uranium with parts-per-trillion sensitivity and millionfold selectivity SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE DNA; DNAzyme; fluorescence; deoxyribozyme; catalytic DNA ID FLUORESCENT DNAZYME BIOSENSORS; IN-VITRO SELECTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER; MOLECULAR BEACONS; TRACE LEVELS; DNA ENZYMES; METAL-IONS; ACID; BIOAVAILABILITY AB Here, we report a catalytic beacon sensor for uranyl (UO22+) based on an in vitro-selected UO22+-specific DNAzyme. The sensor consists of a DNA enzyme strand with a 3' quencher and a DNA substrate with a ribonucleotide adenosine (rA) in the middle and a fluorophore and a cluencher at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively. The of UO22+ presence causes catalytic cleavage of the DNA substrate strand at the rA position and release of the fluorophore and thus dramatic increase of fluorescence intensity. The sensor has a detection limit of 11 parts per trillion (45 pM), a dynamic range up to 400 nM, and selectivity of > 1-million-fold over other metal ions. The most interfering metal ion, Th(IV), interacts with the fluorescein fluorophore, causing slightly enhanced fluorescence intensity, with an apparent dissociation constant of approximate to 230 mu M. This sensor rivals the most sensitive analytical instruments for uranium detection, and its application in detecting uranium in contaminated soil samples is also demonstrated. This work shows that simple, cost-effective, and portable metal sensors can be obtained with similar sensitivity and selectivity as much more expensive and sophisticated analytical instruments. Such a sensor will play an important role in environmental remediation of radionuclides such as uranium. C1 Univ Illinois, Chem & Life Sci Labs, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL USA. Oregon State Univ, Civil Construct & Environm Engn Dept, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Environm Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Liu, JW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chem & Life Sci Labs, Box 8-6,MC 712,600 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM yi-lu@uiuc.edu RI Lu, Yi/B-5461-2010; Liu, Juewen/A-2701-2014; Watson, David/C-3256-2016 OI Lu, Yi/0000-0003-1221-6709; Watson, David/0000-0002-4972-4136 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES014125, R41 ES014125, R42 ES014125] NR 47 TC 244 Z9 250 U1 17 U2 96 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB 13 PY 2007 VL 104 IS 7 BP 2056 EP 2061 DI 10.1073/pnas.0607875104 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 139NJ UT WOS:000244438500007 PM 17284609 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Hurst, FP Halvorson, S Mercado, DL AF Salerno, Stephen M. Hurst, Frank P. Halvorson, Stephanie Mercado, Donna L. TI Principles of effective consultation - An update for the 21st-century consultant SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HOSPITALIST MODEL; INTERNAL-MEDICINE; HIP FRACTURE; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Background: Little information in the literature exists to guide consult interactions between different medical specialties. Methods: A total of 323 general internists, family medicine physicians, general surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, and obstetricians/gynecologists (OB/GYNs) from 3 academic medical centers completed a survey addressing their ideal relationship with consultants. Differences between surgeons and nonsurgeons were calculated using logistic regression, adjusting for location and trainee status. Differences between different specialties of surgeons were calculated using analysis of variance with Scheffe post hoc analysis Results: There was a 72% response rate. About half of respondents were surgeons and the rest were general internists and family medicine physicians. More nonsurgeons (69%) desired the consultant to focus on a narrow question than did surgeons (41%). Over half (59%) of family medicine physicians and internists preferred to retain orderwriting authority on their patients compared with 37% of surgeons (P <. 001). Of the surgeons preferring to retain authority, 70% believed it was appropriate for consultants to write orders after a verbal discussion. Orthopedic surgeons desired consultants to write orders and comanage patients significantly more compared with general surgeons and OB/GYNs (P <. 001). Only 29% of physicians thought literature references were useful in consultations. Most physicians (75%) desired direct verbal communication with the specialist providing the consultation. Most family physicians (78%) believed there was little need for general internal medicine input, preferring to consult medicine subspecialists directly. Conclusions: Specialty-dependent differences exist in consult preferences of physicians. These differences vary from the extremes of orthopedic surgeons desiring a comprehensive comanagement approach with the consultant to general internists and family medicine physicians desiring to retain control over order writing and have a more focused consultant approach. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Salerno, SM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM stephen.salerno@us.army.mil NR 14 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD FEB 12 PY 2007 VL 167 IS 3 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1001/archinte.167.3.271 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 135OP UT WOS:000244163200008 PM 17296883 ER PT J AU Young, SS Driggers, RG Teaney, BP Jacobs, EL AF Young, S. Susan Driggers, Ronald G. Teaney, Brian P. Jacobs, Eddie L. TI Adaptive deblurring of noisy images SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID RESTORATION AB We propose a practical sensor deblurring filtering method for images that are contaminated with noise. A sensor blurring function is usually modeled via a Gaussian-like function having a bell shape. The straightforward inverse function results in the magnification of noise at high frequencies. To address this issue, we apply a special spectral window to the inverse blurring function. This special window is called the power window, which is a Fourier-based smoothing window that preserves most of the spatial frequency components in the passband and attenuates quickly at the transition band. The power window is differentiable at the transition point, which gives a desired smooth property and limits the ripple effect. Utilizing the properties of the power window, we design the deblurring filter adaptively by estimating the energy of the signal and the noise of the image to determine the passband and the transition band of the filter. The deblurring filter design criteria are (a) the filter magnitude is less than 1 at the frequencies where the noise is stronger than the desired signal (the transition band), and (b) the filter magnitude is greater than 1 at the other frequencies (the passband). Therefore the adaptively designed deblurring filter is able to deblur the image by a desired amount based on the estimated or known blurring function while suppressing the noise in the output image. The deblurring filter performance is demonstrated by a human perception experiment in which 10 observers are to identify 12 military targets with 12 aspect angles. The results of comparing target identification probabilities with blurred and deblurred images and adding two levels of noise to blurred and deblurred noisy images are reported. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Univ Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Young, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ssyoung@arl.army.mil NR 13 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 10 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 5 BP 744 EP 752 DI 10.1364/AO.46.000744 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 134JX UT WOS:000244080400015 PM 17279162 ER PT J AU Simpson, WR Carlson, D Honninger, G Douglas, TA Sturm, M Perovich, D Platt, U AF Simpson, W. R. Carlson, D. Hoenninger, G. Douglas, T. A. Sturm, M. Perovich, D. Platt, U. TI First-year sea-ice contact predicts bromine monoxide (BrO) levels at Barrow, Alaska better than potential frost flower contact SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE OZONE DEPLETION; POLAR SUNRISE; DESTRUCTION; SNOW; ATMOSPHERE; MERCURY; OCEAN; COVER AB Reactive halogens are responsible for boundary-layer ozone depletion and mercury deposition in Polar Regions during springtime. To investigate the source of reactive halogens in the air arriving at Barrow, Alaska, we measured BrO, an indicator of reactive halogen chemistry, and correlated its abundance with airmass histories derived from meteorological back trajectories and remotely sensed sea ice properties. The BrO abundance is found to be positively correlated to first-year sea-ice contact (R-2 = 0.55), and essentially uncorrelated with potential frost flower (PFF) contact (R-2 = 0.04). Assuming that PFF accurately predicts frost flowers, these data indicate that snow and ice contaminated with sea salts on first-year sea ice is a more probable bromine source than are frost flowers, for airmasses impacting Barrow, Alaska. Climate-driven changes in Arctic sea ice are likely to alter frost flower and first year sea ice prevalence. An accurate understanding of how these sea ice changes would affect the halogen chemistry of the overlying atmosphere depends upon understanding the relative roles of frost flowers and saline snow and ice surfaces as reactive bromine sources. C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Chem, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. Heidelberg Univ, Inst Environm Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. RP Simpson, WR (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffwrs@uaf.edu RI Simpson, William/I-2859-2014 OI Simpson, William/0000-0002-8596-7290 NR 33 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 10 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 9 PY 2007 VL 7 BP 621 EP 627 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 134QA UT WOS:000244097200001 ER PT J AU Kempa, K Rybczynski, J Huang, ZP Gregorczyk, K Vidan, A Kimball, B Carlson, J Benham, G Wang, Y Herczynski, A Ren, ZF AF Kempa, Krzysztof Rybczynski, Jakub Huang, Zhongping Gregorczyk, Keith Vidan, Andy Kimball, Brian Carlson, Joel Benham, Glynda Wang, Yang Herczynski, Andrzej Ren, Zhifeng TI Carbon nanotubes as optical antennae SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ARRAYS AB Compelling evidence of the antenna action of multiwall carbon nanotubes arranged in a random array is provided by demonstrating that the directional radiation characteristics are in good agreement with conventional radio antenna theory and simulations. Basic antenna effects are investigated: the polarization and the antenna length effect. The figure shows the measured radiation pattern from an array of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. NanoLab Inc, Newton, MA 02135 USA. USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. MegaWave Corp, Boylston, MA 01505 USA. RP Kempa, K (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM kempa@bc.edu; renzh@bc.edu RI Gregorczyk, Keith/A-6216-2011; Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 OI Gregorczyk, Keith/0000-0002-7323-281X; NR 17 TC 97 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD FEB 5 PY 2007 VL 19 IS 3 BP 421 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.20061187 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 136JG UT WOS:000244217800017 ER PT J AU Chakraborti, D Narayan, J Prater, JT AF Chakraborti, D. Narayan, J. Prater, J. T. TI Room temperature ferromagnetism in Zn1-xCuxO thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CU-DOPED ZNO; MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; BULK AB Here the authors report systematic studies on the epitaxial growth and properties of Zn1-xCuxO (x=0.02-0.1) thin films deposited onto sapphire c-plane single crystals using pulsed-laser deposition. X-ray diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were employed to study the epitaxial relations of Zn1-xCuxO with the substrate, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to establish the bonding characteristics and oxidation states of copper inside the ZnO host. Room temperature ferromagnetism was observed in the Zn1-xCuxO films with magnetic moment per Cu atom decreasing with an increasing Cu content. The presence of any magnetic phase was ruled out using HRTEM. Thus, the ferromagnetism was attributed to Cu ions substituted into the ZnO lattice. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Div Mat Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Chakraborti, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM dchakra@ncsu.edu RI Narayan, Jagdish/D-1874-2009 NR 19 TC 151 Z9 157 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 6 AR 062504 DI 10.1063/1.2450652 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 135OG UT WOS:000244162300063 ER PT J AU Pennington, G Goldsman, N Akturk, A Wickenden, AE AF Pennington, G. Goldsman, N. Akturk, A. Wickenden, A. E. TI Deformation potential carrier-phonon scattering in semiconducting carbon nanotube transistors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; MOBILITY; DENSITY AB Theoretical calculations of carrier transport in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes are compared with recent experiments. Considering carrier-phonon scattering, a deformation potential coupling constant of 14 eV is determined. Theory predicts the low-field mobility, conductance, and on resistance of field-effect transistors as a function of nanotube diameter and temperature. When the device is in the on state, the mean free path (Lm-on) varies linearly with tube diameter and inversely with temperature. Intersubband scattering is found to strongly decrease Lm-on when a few subbands are occupied. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pennington, G (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM garyp@glue.umd.edu; neil@glue.umd.edu NR 27 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 6 AR 062110 DI 10.1063/1.2437127 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 135OG UT WOS:000244162300049 ER PT J AU Tsai, L Prakash, V Rajendran, AM Dandekar, DP AF Tsai, Liren Prakash, Vikas Rajendran, A. M. Dandekar, Dattatraya P. TI Structure of shock waves in glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GRP) composites are attractive candidates for future combat vehicle armor systems. Due to their complex architecture, shock waves in GRP undergo geometric and material dispersion as well as attenuation with distance of shock wave propagation. In the present study a series of plate impact experiments is conducted to investigate the structure of shock waves in the GRP. The effects of material and geometric dispersion as well as the GRP's hydrodynamic response on the attenuation of the shock waves are considered. It is observed that the hydrodynamic effects dictate the structure of shock waves in the GRP. C1 Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27703 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tsai, L (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM vikas.prakash@case.edu RI Rajendran, Arunachalam/A-1615-2010 NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 5 PY 2007 VL 90 IS 6 AR 061909 DI 10.1063/1.2435340 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 135OG UT WOS:000244162300026 ER PT J AU Kijak, GH Tovanabutra, S Sanders-Buell, E Watanaveeradej, V de Souza, MS Nelson, KE Ketsararat, V Gulgolgarn, V Wera-Arpachai, M Sriplienchan, S Kharnboonrueng, C Birx, DL Robb, ML McCutchan, FE AF Kijak, Gustavo H. Tovanabutra, Sodsai Sanders-Buell, Eric Watanaveeradej, Veerachai de Souza, Mark S. Nelson, Kenrad E. Ketsararat, Vidhaya Gulgolgarn, Vilawan Wera-arpachai, Manu Sriplienchan, Somchai Kharnboonrueng, Chirasak Birx, Deborah L. Robb, Merlin L. McCutchan, Francine E. TI Distinguishing molecular forms of HIV-1 in Asia with a high-throughput, fluorescent genotyping assay, MHAbce v.2 SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; molecular epidemiology; multi-region hybridization assay (MHA); recombinant forms; Asia; Thailand ID CIRCULATING RECOMBINANT FORMS; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; TYPE-1; THAILAND; SUBTYPE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE; AFRICA; CHINA AB High-resolution HIV-1 genotyping of large sample sets is crucial to define the evolving and dynamic epidemics in Asia. Here we present MHAbce v.2, a multi-region hybridization assay that individually discriminates subtypes B, C, CRF01-AE, and virtually all of their described recombinants, based on real-time PCR using subtype-specific TaqMan probes in 8 regions throughout the viral genome. In a validation panel (n = 70), the assay performed with a sensitivity of 95.7% and specificity of 99.8%. The assay was field-tested on samples from a retrospective MTCT cohort (n = 180; Lampang Province, Northern Thailand; 1996-1998). 177/180 of the samples were typeable, and 94.4% were typed as CRF01-AE. The remaining strains represented even proportions of subtype B and B/CRF01-AE recombinants and were confirmed by sequencing, revealing early links between the heterosexual and IDU HIV-1 epidemics in Thailand. MHAbce v.2, with an area of application including China, India, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Rim, can be used to develop a comprehensive and detailed picture of this important component of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Royal Thai Army Component, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kijak, GH (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM gkijak@hivresearch.org FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD34343-02] NR 41 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD FEB 5 PY 2007 VL 358 IS 1 BP 178 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2006.07.055 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 131LS UT WOS:000243871100018 PM 16997343 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Cooke, WH AF Convertino, Victor A. Cooke, William H. TI Vascular functions in humans following cardiovascular adaptations to spaceflight SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th IAA Humans in Space Symposium CY 2005 CL Graz, AUSTRIA SP Inst Adapt & Spaceflight Physiol DE blood volume; blood pressure; heart rate; stroke volume; cardiac output; peripheral vascular resistance; orthostatic intolerance ID POSTSPACEFLIGHT ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; RESISTANCE; MICROGRAVITY; RESPONSES; RESPONSIVENESS; PRESYNCOPE; VOLUME AB Purpose: Diminished vascular function is a primary cardiovascular risk of spaceflight identified in the 2004 NASA Bioastronautics Critical Path Roadmap based on: (1) structural and functional alterations in arterial vessels of animals undergoing hindlimb unloading and; (2) lower peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) in astronauts who became presyncopal after spaceflight. Methods: We conducted a critical review of published data obtained from spaceflight and relevant ground-based microgravity simulations in an effort to interpret the meaning of altered responses in PVR and their relationship to postflight presyncope. Results: Presyncope reported in astronauts on landing day was associated with lower peripheral resistance. However, nonpresyncopal astronauts demonstrated significantly elevated vascular resistance in the upright posture after compared with before spaceflight. Results from both space and ground experiments suggest that preflight maximal vasoconstrictor capacity is inherently lower in presyncopal astronauts, but unaltered by spaceflight. Conclusions: Vasoconstrictor reserve is associated with lower blood volume adaptation to microgravity. Rather than reduced vascular function, low inherent maximal vasoconstrictor capacity and reduced vasoconstrictor reserve secondary to decreased circulating vascular volume explain lower peripheral vascular resistance in astronauts who experience presyncopal episodes on landing day. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM victor.convertino@amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0094-5765 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD FEB-APR PY 2007 VL 60 IS 4-7 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2006.08.007 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 144NA UT WOS:000244801900007 ER PT J AU Olevsky, EA Ma, J LaSalvia, JC Meyers, MA AF Olevsky, E. A. Ma, J. LaSalvia, J. C. Meyers, M. A. TI Densification of porous bodies in a granular pressure-transmitting medium SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE quasi-isostatic pressing; shape change; deformation of porous bodies; self-propagating high-temperature synthesis ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; NI-MO SYSTEM; COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; DIMENSIONAL CHANGE; CERMETS; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITES; CONTINUUM; GRAVITY AB Densification is a critical step in the manufacture of near-net-shaped components via powder processing. A non-isostatic stress state will in general result in shape distortion in addition to densification. In the quasi-isostatic pressing (QIP) process the green body is placed into a granular pressure-transmitting medium (i.e. PTM), which is itself contained in a rigid die. Upon the application of a uniaxial load, the PTM redistributes the tractions on the green body, thereby creating a stress state that is quasi-isostatic. The character of the deformation of the PTM is studied using model experiments on pressing of the PTM in a rigid die and a scanning electron microscopy analysis of the PTM powder. An important problem of the optimization of the PTM chemical composition enabling the maximum densification of a porous specimen with the minimum possible shape distortion is solved. The results of modeling agree satisfactorily with the experimental data on cold QIPing Ti and Ni powder samples and hot QIPing TiC-TiNi cermet composites. (c) 2006 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 San Diego State Univ, Dept Engn Mech, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Olevsky, EA (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Engn Mech, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM eolevsky@mail.sdsu.edu RI Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 55 IS 4 BP 1351 EP 1366 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.09.039 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 141AJ UT WOS:000244548100021 ER PT J AU Maier, RS Kroll, DM Davis, HT AF Maier, R. S. Kroll, D. M. Davis, H. T. TI Diameter-dependent dispersion in packed cylinders SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE porous media; transport; computational fluid dynamics; chromatography ID BEDS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; COLUMNS C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. N Dakota State Univ, Dept Phys, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Maier, RS (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 53 IS 2 BP 527 EP 530 DI 10.1002/aic.11083 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 128QE UT WOS:000243672200025 ER PT J AU Levsky, ME Pemberton, LB Miller, MA Wallace, G AF Levsky, Marc E. Pemberton, Laurie B. Miller, Michael A. Wallace, Gene TI A vaccine misadventure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Endocrinol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Levsky, ME (reprint author), Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. EM michael.miller3@amedd.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 25 IS 2 BP 199 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2006.05.024 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 136YY UT WOS:000244261200014 PM 17276813 ER PT J AU Vijan, S Hwang, I Inadomi, J Wong, RKH Choi, JR Napierkowski, J Koff, JM Pickhardt, PJ AF Vijan, Sandeep Hwang, Inku Inadomi, John Wong, Roy K. H. Choi, J. Richard Napierkowski, John Koff, Jonathan M. Pickhardt, Perry J. TI The cost-effectiveness of CT colonography in screening for colorectal neoplasia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FECAL-OCCULT-BLOOD; COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC COLONOGRAPHY; AVERAGE-RISK PERSONS; FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY; ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS; VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY; CLINICAL GUIDELINES; PREDICTIVE VALUE; UNITED-STATES; FOLLOW-UP AB BACKGROUND: We examined the cost-effectiveness of 2- and 3-dimensional computerized tomography (CT) colonography as a screening test for colorectal neoplasia. METHODS: We created a Markov model of the natural history of colorectal cancer. Effectiveness of screening was based upon the diagnostic accuracy of tests in detecting polyps and cancer. RESULTS: CT colonography every 5 or :10 yr was effective and cost-effective relative to no screening. Optical colonoscopy dominates 2-dimensional CT colonography done every 5 or 10 yr. Optical colonoscopy is weakly dominant over 3-dimensional CT colonography done every 10 yr. 3-D CT colonography done every 5 yr is more effective than optical colonoscopy every 10 yr, but costs an incremental $156,000 per life-year gained. Sensitivity analyses show that test costs, accuracy, and adherence are critical determinants of incremental cost-effectiveness. 3-D CT colonography every 5 yr is a dominant strategy if optical colonoscopy costs 1.6 times more than CT colonography. However, optical colonoscopy is a dominant strategy if the sensitivity of CT colonography for 1 cm adenomas is 83% or lower. CONCLUSIONS: CT colonography is an effective screening test for colorectal neoplasia. However, it is more expensive and generally less effective than optical colonoscopy. CT colonography can be reasonably cost-effective when the diagnostic accuracy of CT colonography is high, as with primary 3-dimensional technology, and if costs are about 60% of those of optical colonoscopy. Overall, CT colonography technology will need to improve its accuracy and reliability to be a cost-effective screening option. C1 Ann Arbor VA HSR&D, Ctr Practice Management & Outcomes Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Madison, WI USA. RP Vijan, S (reprint author), Ann Arbor VA HSR&D, Ctr Practice Management & Outcomes Res, 2215 Fuller Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RI Inadomi, John/A-6221-2014 OI Inadomi, John/0000-0001-6776-8661 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA106782] NR 78 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 102 IS 2 BP 380 EP 390 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00970.x PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 133UH UT WOS:000244038900023 PM 17156139 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Carlson, DW Soh, EK Lettieri, CJ AF Salerno, Stephen M. Carlson, Daniel W. Soh, Eugene K. Lettieri, Christopher J. TI Impact of perioperative cardiac assessment guidelines on management of orthopedic surgery patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE perioperative care; preoperative care; risk assessment; orthopedic surgery; adrenergic beta-antagonists ID NONCARDIAC SURGERY; CARDIOVASCULAR EVALUATION; VASCULAR-SURGERY; RISK; COMPLICATIONS; HIP; REVASCULARIZATION; MORBIDITY AB PURPOSE: The study assessed whether the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) preoperative cardiac assessment guidelines impact patient management and predict major cardiac events in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 338 consecutive orthopedic preoperative evaluations performed by internal medicine consultants. Major cardiac events were defined as myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. RESULTS: Major cardiac events occurred in 5.7% of patients. Patients with minor or absent ACC/AHA clinical risk predictors were less likely to have major cardiac events (P = .007). More than half (51%) of patients meeting ACC/AHA indications for noninvasive cardiac tests did not receive them. However, most (69%) major cardiac events occurred in patients not meeting criteria for cardiac testing. Abnormal noninvasive cardiac testing results did not alter medication recommendations and only resulted in coronary revascularization in 0.6% of patients. Only 3% of patients with abnormal noninvasive cardiac testing results had major cardiac events. Patients with abnormal cardiac test results were more likely to have recommendations for perioperative beta-blockade (P < .01). Patients aged more than 70 years (odds ratio 5.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-19.28) and patients undergoing hip surgery (odds ratio 7.5, 95% confidence interval, 1.02-54.55) were more likely to have major cardiac events. Major cardiac events occurred in 12% of urgent and 4% of elective procedures (P = .009). CONCLUSIONS: The ACC/AHA guidelines accurately predict cardiac risk in orthopedic surgery. Abnormal noninvasive cardiac test results rarely affected preoperative recommendations, but improved compliance with beta-blocker therapy. Advanced age, urgent procedures, and hip surgery were associated with increased risk of major cardiac events. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Salerno, SM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM stephen.salerno@us.army.mil NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 120 IS 2 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.11.009 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 131ZL UT WOS:000243911400017 ER PT J AU Atkins, JL Johnson, KB Pearce, FJ AF Atkins, James L. Johnson, Ken B. Pearce, Frederick J. TI Cardiovascular responses to oxygen inhalation after hemorrhage in anesthetized rats: hyperoxic vasoconstriction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hyperoxia; hypoxic vasodilation; shock; nitric oxide; S-nitrosothiols ID NITRIC-OXIDE; BLOOD-FLOW; SHOCK; HEMOGLOBIN; RESUSCITATION; HYPOTHERMIA; SYNTHASE; RADICALS; SURVIVAL; THERAPY AB Oxygen inhalation is recommended for the initial care of trauma victims. The improved survival seen in early hemorrhage is normally associated with an increase in blood pressure. Although clinical use of oxygen can occur late after hemorrhage, the effects of late administration have not been specifically examined. Anesthetized rats were studied using an isobaric hemorrhage model with target pressures of either 70 or 40 mmHg. At various times after hemorrhage, the feedback control of the blood pressure was stopped and the inspired gas was changed from room air to 100% oxygen. The results show that shortly after hemorrhage to 70 mmHg, oxygen inhalation results in an increase in mean arterial blood pressure of 60 +/- 3 mmHg, which is associated with a large increase in total peripheral resistance from 0.89 +/- 0.05 to 1.25 +/- 0.1 peripheral resistance units. The blood pressure response is essentially unchanged with time, and it is not altered by a 10-min exposure to N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. At a target pressure of 40 mmHg, the initial blood pressure response to oxygen is the same, but it gradually decreases as the animal develops a lactic acidosis. We conclude that the therapeutic value of oxygen needs to be separately evaluated for late hemorrhage. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Atkins, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM james.atkins@na.amedd.army.mil RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 56 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 292 IS 2 BP H776 EP H785 DI 10.1152/ajpheart.00381.2006 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 134FK UT WOS:000244068700007 PM 17056674 ER PT J AU Ciminera, P Brundage, J AF Ciminera, Paul Brundage, John TI Malaria in US military forces: A description of deployment exposures from 2003 through 2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VIVAX MALARIA; AFGHANISTAN AB U.S. service members are often deployed to regions endemic for malaria. Preventive measures play an important role in mitigating the risk of disease and adverse effects on mission performance. Currently. a large contingent of U.S. forces is deployed ill malarious regions in southeast and southwest Asia. The purpose of this study was to describe malaria cases reported by the tri-service reportable medical events system in terms of exposure (deployment history) and latency of infection. We conducted a retrospective analysis of population health data routinely collected for disease surveillance. All malaria reports received into the Defense Medical Surveillance System by January 3, 2006 with a date of onset between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2005 in which the individual diagnosed is a member of the active or reserve military components linked to personnel and deployment data were analyzed to determine assignment and deployment history. The main outcome measure was the ICD9-CM diagnosis of malaria (Plasmodium vivax, P. falciparum, P. ovale, P. malaria, and unspecified malaria) by date of onset and days from exposure. A total of 423 cases of malaria were reported during the study period. The Army (n - 325) and the Marine Corps (n 46) had the highest number of reported cases. Plasmodium vivax (n = 242) and P. falciparum (n = 92) caused nearly four-fifths of all reported cases. During the period front 2003 through 2005, 34% of deployed cases were exposed to more than one malaria-endemic region. Seventy-four cases had been assigned in the Republic of Korea, and all were present in Korea during the high risk transmission period. Seventy-eight cases had documented service in Afghanistan; only 4 had off-season exposure and no other documented exposures. Sixty cases had documented exposure during Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Only six seasonally exposed and six off seasonally exposed OIF cases had no other documented exposure. Fifty percent of Korean cases were diagnosed during an exposure season, and only 3% of Afghan cases were diagnosed during an exposure season. Soldiers in today's military call be exposed to more than one malaria-endemic region prior to diagnosis. This presents new complexities for disease monitoring and prevention policy development. C1 USA, Army Med Surveillance Act, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ciminera, P (reprint author), USA, Army Med Surveillance Act, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Bldg T-20,Room 213,6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM paul.ciminera@us.army.mil NR 7 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 76 IS 2 BP 275 EP 279 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 135GN UT WOS:000244142200011 PM 17297035 ER PT J AU Aguilar, PV Robich, RM Turell, MJ O'Guinn, ML Klein, TA Huaman, A Guevara, C Rios, Z Tesh, RB Watts, DM Olson, J Weaver, SC AF Aguilar, Patricia V. Robich, Rebecca M. Turell, Michael J. O'Guinn, Monica L. Klein, Terry A. Huaman, Alfredo Guevara, Carolina Rios, Zonia Tesh, Robert B. Watts, Douglas M. Olson, James Weaver, Scott C. TI Endemic eastern equine encephalitis in the Amazon region of Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-AMERICA; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUSES; ARBOVIRUS INVESTIGATIONS; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; IDENTIFICATION; ARGENTINA; CULICIDAE; WESTERN AB Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) causes severe neurologic disease in North America, but only two fatal human cases have been documented in South America. To test the hypothesis that alphavirus heterologous antibodies cross-protect, animals were vaccinated against other alphaviruses and challenged up to 3 months later with EEEV. Short-lived cross-protection was detected, even in the absence of cross-neutralizing antibodies. To assess exposure to EEEV in Peru, sera from acutely ill and healthy persons were tested for EEEV and other alphavirus antibodies, as well as for virus isolation. No EEEV was isolated from patients living in an EEEV-enzootic area, and only 2% of individuals with febrile illness had EEEV-reactive IgM. Only 3% of healthy persons from the enzootic region had EEEV-neutralizing antibodies. Our results suggest that humans are exposed but do not develop apparent infection with EEEV because of poor infectivity and/or avirulence of South American strains. C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ctr Biodef & Emerging Infect Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, NMRCD, Lima, Peru. RP Weaver, SC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM sweaver@utmb.edu RI Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI049725] NR 33 TC 30 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 76 IS 2 BP 293 EP 298 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 135GN UT WOS:000244142200014 PM 17297038 ER PT J AU Wongstitwilairoong, B Srijan, A Serichantalergs, O Fukuda, CD McDaniel, P Bodhidatta, L Mason, CJ AF Wongstitwilairoong, Boonchai Srijan, Apichai Serichantalergs, Oralak Fukuda, Caroline D. McDaniel, Philip Bodhidatta, Ladaporn Mason, Carl J. TI Intestinal parasitic infections among pre-school children in Sangkhlaburi, Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID GIARDIA-LAMBLIA; STOOL SPECIMENS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; COMMUNITY; STAIN AB This study was conducted to investigate the presence of intestinal parasites among pre-school children (aged 3 months to 5 years) in Sangkhlaburi, a rural district in the west of Thailand along the Thai-Myanmar border. Stool specimens were collected from October 2001 through October 2002. A total of 472 pre-school children, 233 males and 239 females, 236 children with diarrhea and 236 asymptomatic children were recruited for the Study. Each specimen was processed and examined by direct wet smear, modified acid fast stain, formalin-ethylacetate sedimentation concentration technique, and trichrome stain. In detecting Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium species ProSpecT Microplate assays (Alexon-Trend, Lenexa, KS) were performed. There were 107 individuals (22.7%), 41 diarrheal and 66 asymptomatic children, infected with intestinal parasites. The most frequent parasites identified in cases and controls were G. lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp. Eighteen specimens (3.8%) showed mixed parasite infections. Highest proportion of intestinal parasites occurred during the rainy season (June-October). C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. KRCH, Sangkhlaburi, Thailand. RP Wongstitwilairoong, B (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, 315-6 Rajavithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM boonchaiw@afrims.org; philmcd@concentric.net RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 26 TC 27 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 76 IS 2 BP 345 EP 350 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 135GN UT WOS:000244142200023 PM 17297047 ER PT J AU Arora, R Hagan, L AF Arora, Rajiv Hagan, Larry TI Progressive dyspnea in a 46-year-old woman SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYPERSENSITIVITY-PNEUMONITIS; PIGEON-BREEDERS; FARMERS LUNG; DISEASE; DIAGNOSIS; SERUM AB Background: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory lung disease that requires a high index of suspicion and evaluation for potential causative antigens in the patient's environment. Objective: To describe a patient referred for allergic rhinitis who was found to have progressive dyspnea and was ultimately diagnosed as having HP. Methods: The history of progressive dyspnea with findings of diffuse pulmonary crackles on physical examination and restrictive pulmonary function testing prompted further radiologic, pathologic, laboratory, and home environment evaluations. Results: The constellation of findings from these studies led to the diagnosis of HP secondary to parakeet antigens. Elimination of further antigen exposure and corticosteroid therapy led to resolution of the patient's symptoms. Conclusion: Prompt diagnosis and removal of the antigen source are of paramount importance in the management of HP. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Allergy Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Arora, R (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy Immunol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM rajiv.arora@us.army.mil NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 98 IS 2 BP 191 EP 195 PG 5 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 137ER UT WOS:000244276300016 PM 17304890 ER PT J AU Chattar-Cora, D Perez-Nieves, R McKinlay, A Kunasz, M Delaney, R Lyons, R AF Chattar-Cora, Deowall Perez-Nieves, Roberto McKinlay, Alexander Kunasz, Markian Delaney, Richard Lyons, Robert TI Operation Iraqi freedom - A report on a series of soldiers treated with free tissue transfer by a plastic surgery service SO ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 57th Annual Meeting of the Southwestern-Surgical-Congress CY APR 10-12, 2005 CL San Antonio, TX SP SW Surg Congress DE military; American; free; flap; Iraqi; freedom; operation ID LOWER-EXTREMITY; RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY; TIBIAL FRACTURES; WAR WOUNDS; MANAGEMENT; CASUALTIES; COVERAGE; DEFECTS; TRAUMA; FOOT AB Free flaps in combat wounds are predisposed to failure. Few reports are available on their use in American military combat wounds. We present our experience with free flaps during Operation Iraqi Freedom. This is a retrospective review of soldiers treated by plastic surgeons at Brooke Army Medical Center. Eight free flaps were for soft tissue coverage in which local tissue was not available. Causes of the wounds: 2 from a rocket-propelled grenade, 4 from explosive devices, 1 from a fall, and 1 from a helicopter crash. Indications for the flaps were 2 exposed calvaria, 3 lower-extremity fractures, 2 upper-extremity wounds, and 1 exposed Achilles tendon. Four latissimus dorsi muscle flaps and 4 radial forearm fasciocutaneous flaps were used. All flaps were successful. Three flap-related complications required operative intervention. Free flaps can be used successfully in combat wounds, with minimal morbidity, and should be considered in American soldiers with complex wounds. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Ponce Plast Surg, Ponce, PR USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Chattar-Cora, D (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM Deowallchattar@yahoo.com NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-7043 J9 ANN PLAS SURG JI Ann. Plast. Surg. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 58 IS 2 BP 200 EP 206 DI 10.1097/01.sap.0000237740.08862.85 PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 131FP UT WOS:000243854100015 PM 17245149 ER PT J AU Callaghan, K Becker, TE Ellsworth, DL Hooke, JA Ellsworth, RE Shriver, CD AF Callaghan, K. Becker, T. E. Ellsworth, D. L. Hooke, J. A. Ellsworth, R. E. Shriver, C. D. TI Genomic instability and the development of metastatic lymph node tumors SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 15-18, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 14 IS 2 SU S BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 134PU UT WOS:000244096200022 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, R Ellsworth, DL Love, B Patney, HL Kane, JL Hooke, JA Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, R. Ellsworth, D. L. Love, B. Patney, H. L. Kane, J. L. Hooke, J. A. Shriver, C. D. TI Genomic characterization of DCIS: how many diseases? SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 15-18, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. Invitrogen Informat, Carlsbad, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 14 IS 2 SU S BP 24 EP 24 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 134PU UT WOS:000244096200073 ER PT J AU Stojadinovic, A Hueman, MT Holmes, JP Mittendorf, EA Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Stojadinovic, A. Hueman, M. T. Holmes, J. P. Mittendorf, E. A. Ponniah, S. Peoples, G. E. TI Quantification and phenotypic characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) for monitoring response to preventative vaccine-based immunotherapy for breast cancer SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 15-18, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Canc Vaccine Dev, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 14 IS 2 SU S BP 26 EP 26 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 134PU UT WOS:000244096200078 ER PT J AU Hueman, MT Holmes, JP Storrer, CE Jama, YH Smith, AM Khoo, S Stojadinovic, A Ponniah, S Peoples, GF AF Hueman, M. T. Holmes, J. P. Storrer, C. E. Jama, Y. H. Smith, A. M. Khoo, S. Stojadinovic, A. Ponniah, S. Peoples, G. F. TI Immune monitoring of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells in a novel HLA Class-II HER2/neu peptide vaccine clinical trial in breast cancer patients SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 15-18, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 Dept Surg, Canc Vaccine Dev Lab, Building A, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 14 IS 2 SU S BP 91 EP 91 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 134PU UT WOS:000244096200292 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE Collier, SL Symons, NP Aldridge, DF Marlin, DH AF Wilson, D. Keith Ostashev, Vladimir E. Collier, Sandra L. Symons, Neill P. Aldridge, David F. Marlin, David H. TI Time-domain calculations of sound interactions with outdoor ground surfaces SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE outdoor sound propagation; noise barriers; turbulence ID POROUS-MEDIA; FINITE-DIFFERENCE; FLOW RESISTIVITY; PROPAGATION; IMPEDANCE; SIMULATION; EQUATIONS; MODELS; BOUNDARY AB A time-domain formulation for sound propagation in rigid-frame porous media, including waveform attenuation and dispersion, is developed. The new formulation is based on inversion of the relaxation functions from a previous model [Wilson DK, Ostashev VE, Collier SL. J Acoust Soc Am 2004; 116:1889-92], thereby casting the convolution integrals in a form amenable to numerical implementation. Numerical techniques are developed that accurately implement the relaxational equations and transparently reduce to previous results in low- and high-frequency limits. The techniques are demonstrated on calculations of outdoor sound propagation involving hills, barriers, and ground surfaces with various material properties. We also compare the relaxation formulation to a widely applied phenomenological model developed by Zwikker and Kosten. The two models can be made equivalent if the resistance constant, structure constant, and compression modulus in the ZK model are allowed to be weakly frequency dependent. But if the ZK parameters are taken to be constant, as is typically the case, the relaxation model provides more accurate calculations of attenuation by acoustically soft porous materials such as snow, gravel, and forest litter. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NOAA, Environm Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,C1,EE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geophys, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,C1,EE, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM d.keith.wilson@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 27 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 68 IS 2 BP 173 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2005.10.004 PG 28 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 131GD UT WOS:000243855700003 ER PT J AU Friedl, KE Grate, SJ Proctor, SP Ness, JW Lukey, BJ Kane, RL AF Friedl, Karl E. Grate, Stephen J. Proctor, Susan P. Ness, James W. Lukey, Brian J. Kane, Robert L. TI Army research needs for automated neuropsychological tests: Monitoring soldier health and performance status SO ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neuropsychological testing; neurophysiology; military personnel; neuroepidemiology; health surveillance ID GULF-WAR VETERANS; TEST BATTERIES; PERSONNEL; EXPOSURE; UTILITY; STRESS; BRAIN; MOOD AB Information on the mental status of soldiers operating at the limits of human tolerance will be vital to their management in future deployments; it may also allow earlier intervention for conditions such as undiagnosed Gulf War illnesses and Parkinson's Disease. The Army needs a parsimonious set of neuropsychological tests that reliably identify subtle changes for: (1) early detection of individual health and military performance impairments and (2) management of occupational and deployment health risks. Testing must characterize cognitive lapses in healthy individuals faced with relevant operational stressors (i.e., anxiety, information overload, thermal strain, hypoxia, fatigue, head impact, chemical or radiation exposures, metabolic challenges). This effort must also explore the neuropsychological methods in militarily relevant conditions to extend our understanding of relevant functional domains and how well they correspond to modes of testing. The ultimate objective is unobtrusive real-time mental status monitoring. (c) 2006 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Mil Operat Med Res Program, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA 02130 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Biol, West Point, NY 10996 USA. VA Maryland Hlth Care Syst, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Friedl, KE (reprint author), USA, Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM karl.friedl@us.army.mil OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-6177 J9 ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH JI Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 22 IS 1 SU S BP S7 EP S14 DI 10.1016/j.acn.2006.10.002 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA 161DZ UT WOS:000245995900003 PM 17127031 ER PT J AU MacDonald, JA Tran, PK AF MacDonald, Justin A. Tran, Phuong K. TI Loudspeaker equalization for auditory research SO BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS LA English DT Article ID DESIGN AB The equalization of loudspeaker frequency response is necessary to conduct many types of well-controlled auditory experiments. This article introduces a program that includes functions to measure a loudspeaker's frequency response, design equalization filters, and apply the filters to a set of stimuli to be used in an auditory experiment. The filters can compensate for both magnitude and phase distortions introduced by the loudspeaker. A MATLAB script is included in the Appendix to illustrate the details of the equalization algorithm used in the program. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP MacDonald, JA (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, POB 30001-MSC 3452, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jmacd@nmsu.edu NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PSYCHONOMIC SOC INC PI AUSTIN PA 1710 FORTVIEW RD, AUSTIN, TX 78704 USA SN 1554-351X J9 BEHAV RES METHODS JI Behav. Res. Methods PD FEB PY 2007 VL 39 IS 1 BP 133 EP 136 DI 10.3758/BF03192851 PG 4 WC Psychology, Mathematical; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA 170NC UT WOS:000246669100013 PM 17552479 ER PT J AU Warner, T Benda, P Swerdlin, S Knievel, J Argenta, E Aronian, B Balsley, B Bowers, J Carter, R Clark, P Clawson, K Copeland, J Crook, A Frehlich, R Jensen, M Liu, YB Mayor, S Meillier, Y Morley, B Sharman, R Spuler, S Storwold, D Sun, JZ Weil, J Xu, M Yates, A Zhang, Y AF Warner, Thomas Benda, Paul Swerdlin, Scott Knievel, Jason Argenta, Edward Aronian, Bryan Balsley, Ben Bowers, James Carter, Roger Clark, Pamela Clawson, Kirk Copeland, Jeff Crook, Andrew Frehlich, Rod Jensen, Michael Liu, Yubao Mayor, Shane Meillier, Yannick Morley, Bruce Sharman, Robert Spuler, Scott Storwold, Donald Sun, Juanzhen Weil, Jeffrey Xu, Mei Yates, Al Zhang, Ying TI The Pentagon shield field program - Toward critical infrastructure protection SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID URBAN-ENVIRONMENT; BOUNDARY-LAYER; LIDAR; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; TURBULENCE; WIND AB The Pentagon, and its 25,000+ occupants, represents a likely target for a future terrorist attack using chemical, biological, or radiological material released into the atmosphere. Motivated by this, a building-protection system, called Pentagon Shield, is being developed and deployed by a number of government, academic, and private organizations. The system consists of a variety of data-assimilation and forecast models that resolve processes from the mesoscale to the city scale to the building scale, and assimilate meteorological and contaminant data that are measured by remote and in situ sensors. This paper reports on a field program that took place in 2004 in the area of the Pentagon, where the aim was to provide meteorological data and concentration data from tracer releases, and to support the development and evaluation of the system. In particular, the results of the field program are being used to improve our understanding of urban meteorological processes, verify the overall effectiveness of the operational building protection system, and verify the skill of the component meteorological, and transport and dispersion, modeling systems. Based on the experience gained in this project, it will be more straightforward to develop similar systems to protect other high-profile facilities against the accidental or intentional release of hazardous material into the atmosphere. C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, RAL, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Pentagon Force Protect Agcy, Arlington, VA USA. Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. USA, Dugway, UT USA. NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Field Res Div, Idaho Falls, ID USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Warner, T (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, RAL, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM warner@ucar.edu RI Clawson, Kirk/C-5910-2016 OI Clawson, Kirk/0000-0002-8789-9607 NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 88 IS 2 BP 167 EP 176 DI 10.1175/BAMS-88-2-167 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 145RG UT WOS:000244881600016 ER PT J AU Hueman, MT Stojadinovic, A Storrer, CE Dehqanzada, ZA Gurney, JM Shriver, CD Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Hueman, Matthew T. Stojadinovic, Alexander Storrer, Catherine E. Dehqanzada, Zia A. Gurney, Jennifer M. Shriver, Craig D. Ponniah, Sathibalan Peoples, George E. TI Analysis of naive and memory CD4 and CD8 T cell populations in breast cancer patients receiving a HER2/neu peptide (E75) and GM-CSF vaccine SO CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE HER2; neu; E75-peptide vaccine; memory T cells; naive T cells; immunophenotyping ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY; HER-2 NEU ONCOGENE; PROSTATE-CANCER; OVARIAN-CANCER; METASTATIC MELANOMA; EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS; DENDRITIC CELLS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; FLT3 LIGAND AB We are conducting clinical trials of the E75 peptide as a vaccine in breast cancer (BrCa) patients. We assessed T cell subpopulations in BrCa patients before and after E75 vaccination and compared them to healthy controls. We obtained 17 samples of blood from ten healthy individuals and samples from 22 BrCa patients prior to vaccination. We also obtained pre- and post-vaccination samples of blood from seven BrCa patients who received the E75/GM-CSF vaccine. CD4, CD8, CD45RA, CD45RO, and CCR7 antibodies were used to analyze the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells by four-color flow cytometry. Compared to healthy individuals, BrCa patients have significantly more memory and less naive T cells and more effector-memory CD8+ and less effector CD4+ T cells. Phenotypic differences in defined circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subpopulations suggest remnants of an active immune response to tumor distinguished by a predominant memory T cell response and by untapped recruitment of naive helper and cytotoxic T cells. E75 vaccination induced recruitment of both CD4+ and CD8+ naive T cells while memory response remained stable. Additionally, vaccination induced global activation of all T cells, with specific enhancement of effector CD4+ T cells. E75 vaccination causes activation of both memory and naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, while recruiting additional naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to the overall immune response. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Clin Breast Care Project Immunol & Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Clin Breast Care Project Immunol & Res Ctr, CBCP IRC Bldg 139, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM george.peoples@na.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-7004 J9 CANCER IMMUNOL IMMUN JI Cancer Immunol. Immunother. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 56 IS 2 BP 135 EP 146 DI 10.1007/s00262-006-0188-9 PG 12 WC Oncology; Immunology SC Oncology; Immunology GA 110DT UT WOS:000242359200002 PM 16783576 ER PT J AU MacMillan, DK Dalton, SR Bednar, AJ Waisner, SA Arora, PN AF MacMillan, Denise K. Dalton, Shana R. Bednar, Anthony J. Waisner, Scott A. Arora, Prein N. TI Influence of soil type and extraction conditions on perchlorate analysis by ion chromatography SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE perchlorate; soil matrix; ion chromatography; matrix interference; extraction ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MILK AB Perchlorate is a stable anion that has been introduced into the environment through activities related to its production and use as a solid rocket propellant. Perchlorate is thought to transport through soils without being adsorbed; thus, for determination of perchlorate in soil, samples are typically extracted with water prior to analysis. The completeness of extraction depends on perchlorate existing as a free ion within the soil matrix. In this study, perchlorate extraction efficiency was evaluated with five soil types under two different oxygen states. For each soil, 30% (w/w) slurries were prepared and equilibrated under either oxic or anoxic conditions prior to spiking with a stock solution of sodium perchlorate, and the slurries were then maintained for 1-week or 1-month. At the end of the exposure, slurries were centrifuged and separated into aqueous and soil phases. After phase separation, the soil was washed first with deionized water and then with 50 mM NaOH, producing second and third aqueous phases, respectively. Perchlorate concentrations in the three aqueous phases were determined using ion chromatography. The results obtained from this study suggest that matrix interference and signal suppression due to high conductivity have greater effects upon observed perchlorate concentrations by ion chromatography than does perchlorate interaction with soil. Thus, a single water extraction is sufficient for quantitative determination of perchlorate in soil. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Environm Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. Environm Chem Branch Omaha, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. Environm Chem Branch Vicksburg, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Environm Engn Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP MacMillan, DK (reprint author), Environm Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 420 S 18th St, Omaha, NE 68102 USA. EM Denise.k.macmillan@nwo02.usace.army.mil OI Waisner, Scott/0000-0003-4360-4712 NR 30 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2007 VL 67 IS 2 BP 344 EP 350 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.040 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 142DO UT WOS:000244629600017 PM 17092539 ER PT J AU King, CS Holley, AB Jackson, JL Shorr, AF Moores, LK AF King, Christopher S. Holley, Aaron B. Jackson, Jeffrey L. Shorr, Andrew F. Moores, Lisa K. TI Twice vs three times daily heparin dosing for thromboembolism prophylaxis in the general medical population - A metaanalysis SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE heparin; primary prevention; tbrombosis ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN; DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; LOW-DOSE HEPARIN; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN; CLINICAL-TRIALS; INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; PREVENTION AB Objectives: Prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin (UFH) has been proven to reduce rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized medical patients. While twice-daily (BID) and three-times-daily (TID) dosing regimens have been studied, the two have never been directly compared. We performed a metaanalysis to a ssess whether TID is superior to BID dosing in the prevention of VTE. Methods: Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register from 1966 through December 2004 were searched for randomized trials comparing subcutaneously dosed UHF (either BID or TID) with placebo or control for VTE prophylaxis in medical patient populations. Two reviewers independently rated study quality on the basis of predetermined criteria. Data were extracted on patient age, hospital setting, comorbidities, VTE rates, and bleeding complications. Results: Twelve studies were identified; 7,978 patients (1,664 patients in the TID arm, and 6,314 patients in the BID arm) were included. After adjustment for baseline risk, there was no difference in the overall rate (per 1,000 patient-days) of VTE (BID, 5.4; vs TID, 3.5; p = 0.87). TID heparin showed a trend toward a decrease in pulmonary embolism (PE) [BID, 1.5; vs TID, 0.5; p = 0.09] and in proximal DVT and PE (BID, 2.3; vs TID, 0.9; p = 0.05). The risk for major bleeding was significantly increased with TID heparin (BID, 0.35; vs TID, 0.96; p < 0.001). Conclusions: BID heparin dosing causes fewer major bleeding episodes, while TID dosing appears to offer somewhat better efficacy in preventing clinically relevant VTE events. Practitioners should use underlying risk for VTE and bleeding to individualize pharmacologic prevention. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Moores, LK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Bldg 2,WD 77,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Lisa.Moores@na.amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 61 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI GLENVIEW PA 2595 PATRIOT BLVD, GLENVIEW, IL 60026 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD FEB PY 2007 VL 131 IS 2 BP 507 EP 516 DI 10.1378/chest.06-1861 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 138AS UT WOS:000244335500030 PM 17296655 ER PT J AU Tribble, DR Sanders, JW Pang, LW Mason, C Pitarangsi, C Baqar, S Armstrong, A Hshieh, P Fox, A Maley, EA Lebron, C Faix, DJ Lawler, JV Nayak, G Lewis, M Bodhidatta, L Scott, DA AF Tribble, David R. Sanders, John W. Pang, Lorrin W. Mason, Carl Pitarangsi, Chittima Baqar, Shahida Armstrong, Adam Hshieh, Paul Fox, Anne Maley, Elisabeth A. Lebron, Carlos Faix, Dennis J. Lawler, James V. Nayak, Gautam Lewis, Michael Bodhidatta, Ladaporn Scott, Daniel A. TI Traveler's diarrhea in Thailand: Randomized, double-blind trial comparing single-dose and 3-day azithromycin-based regimens with a 3-day levofloxacin regimen SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE; CIPROFLOXACIN RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PATHOGENS; COMMUNITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; NORFLOXACIN AB Background. Traveler's diarrhea in Thailand is frequently caused by Campylobacter jejuni. Rates of fluoroquinolone ( FQ) resistance in Campylobacter organisms have exceeded 85% in recent years, and reduced fluoroquinolone efficacy has been observed. Methods. Azithromycin regimens were evaluated in a randomized, double- blind trial of azithromycin, given as a single 1-g dose or a 3- day regimen ( 500 mg daily), versus a 3- day regimen of levofloxacin ( 500 mg daily) in military field clinics in Thailand. Outcomes included clinical end points ( time to the last unformed stool [ TLUS] and cure rates) and microbiological end points ( pathogen eradication). Results. A total of 156 patients with acute diarrhea were enrolled in the trial. Campylobacter organisms predominated ( in 64% of patients), with levofloxacin resistance noted in 50% of Campylobacter organisms and with no azithromycin resistance noted. The cure rate at 72 h after treatment initiation was highest ( 96%) with single-dose azithromycin, compared with the cure rates of 85% noted with 3- day azithromycin and 71% noted with levofloxacin (P = .002). Single-dose azithromycin was also associated with the shortest median TLUS ( 35 h; P = .03 by log- rank test). Levofloxacin's efficacy was inferior to azithromycin's efficacy, except in patients with no pathogen identified during the first 24 h of treatment or in patients with levofloxacin-susceptible Campylobacter isolates, in whom it appeared to be equal to azithromycin. The rate of microbiological eradication was significantly better with azithromycin- based regimens ( 96% - 100%), compared with levofloxacin ( 38%) (P = .001); however, this finding was poorly correlated with clinical outcome. A higher rate of posttreatment nausea in the 30 min after receipt of the first dose ( 14% vs. ! 6%;) was observed as a mild, self- limited complaint associated Pp. 06 with single- dose azithromycin. Conclusions. Single- dose azithromycin is recommended for empirical therapy of traveler's diarrhea acquired in Thailand and is a reasonable first- line option for empirical management in general. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. USN, Environm Prevent Med Unit, Honolulu, HI USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Tribble, DR (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Rm 3E21,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM tribbled@nmrc.navy.mil OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 40 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2007 VL 44 IS 3 BP 338 EP 346 DI 10.1086/510589 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 123SE UT WOS:000243315100011 PM 17205438 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Horvath, LL AF Murray, Clinton K. Horvath, Lynn L. TI An approach to prevention of infectious diseases during military deployments SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OPERATIONS IRAQI FREEDOM; US MILITARY; ENDURING FREEDOM; AFGHANISTAN; PERSONNEL; OUTBREAK; MARINES; FEVER; GASTROENTERITIS; DIARRHEA AB The US military conducts missions that range from major ground combat operations to disaster and humanitarian relief efforts. A primary goal of military medical professionals is disease prevention, which can be made more difficult in the context of short preparation times and prolonged deployment duration. The military uses a 6- component approach to deployment medicine, emphasizing preparation, education, personal protective measures, vaccines, chemoprophylaxis, and surveillance in an attempt to prevent infectious diseases. Many of the components of military deployment medicine are applicable to civilian disaster relief and humanitarian missions. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, MCHE,MDI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, MCHE,MDI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 1 PY 2007 VL 44 IS 3 BP 424 EP 430 DI 10.1086/510680 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 123SE UT WOS:000243315100026 PM 17205453 ER PT J AU Jacoby, GA Luqi AF Jacoby, Grant A. Luqi TI Intranet model and metrics SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Article C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Informat Technol Operat Ctr, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY USA. USN, Postgrad Sch, Dept Comp Sci, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. RP Jacoby, GA (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM grant.jacoby@usma.edu; luqi@nps.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD FEB PY 2007 VL 50 IS 2 BP 43 EP 50 DI 10.1145/1216016.1216019 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 133DX UT WOS:000243993500012 ER PT J AU Dodge, RC Carver, C Ferguson, AJ AF Dodge, Ronald C., Jr. Carver, Curtis Ferguson, Aaron J. TI Phishing for user security awareness SO COMPUTERS & SECURITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Security Culture held at IFIP SEC 2006 Conference CY MAY, 2006 CL Karlstad, SWEDEN SP IFIP TC 11 Working Grp 11 1 DE phishing; email security; social engineering; security training; information assurance; spam; computer user education AB User security education and training is one of the most important aspects of an organizations security posture. Using security exercises to reinforce this aspect is frequently done by education and industry alike; however these exercises usually enlist willing participants. We have taken the concept of using an exercise and modified it in application to evaluate a users propensity to respond to email phishing attacks in an unannounced test. This paper describes the considerations in establishing and the process used to create and implement an evaluation of one aspect of our user information assurance education program. The evaluation takes the form of a exercise, where we send out a phishing styled email record the responses. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Dodge, RC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM ronald.dodge@usma.edu; curtis.carver@usma.edu; aaron.ferguson@usma.edu NR 8 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 6 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0167-4048 J9 COMPUT SECUR JI Comput. Secur. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 26 IS 1 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.cose.2006.10.009 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA 146HA UT WOS:000244923900024 ER PT J AU Batchinsky, AI Cooke, WH Kuusela, T Cancio, LC AF Batchinsky, Andriy I. Cooke, William H. Kuusela, Tom Cancio, Leopoldo C. TI Loss of complexity characterizes the heart rate response to experimental hemorrhagic shock in swine SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Critical Care Congress of the Society-of-Critical-Care-Medicine CY 2005 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Soc Crit Care Med DE shock; hemorrhage; electrocardiography; heart rate variability; fractals; nonlinear dynamics; spectrum analysis ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LOWER BRAIN-STEM; RATE-VARIABILITY; RATE DYNAMICS; APPROXIMATE ENTROPY; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; CHAOS THEORY; SOMATOMOTOR FUNCTIONS; AUTONOMIC MODULATION AB Objective: To improve our ability to identify physiologic deterioration caused by critical illness, we applied nonlinear and frequency-domain analytical methods to R-to-R interval (RRI) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) time series during hemorrhagic shock. Design. Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Setting. Animal laboratory of a government research institute. Subjects: Twenty swine (weight 36.4 +/- 0.11 kg). Interventions. Fixed-volume hemorrhage followed by resuscitation; off-line analysis of RRI and SAP data. Measurements and Main Results: Anesthetized swine (shock group, n = 12) underwent withdrawal of 30 mL/kg blood in 10 mL/kg decrements. A control group (n = 8) received maintenance fluids only. Electrocardiogram and arterial pressure waveforms were acquired at 500 Hz. Eight hundred-beat data sets were analyzed at six time points: at baseline, after each blood withdrawal, after lactated Ringer's resuscitation, and after infusion of shed blood. Nonlinear methods were used to estimate the complexity (approximate entropy, sample entropy, Lempel-Ziv entropy, normalized entropy of symbol dynamics), RRI bits per word, and fractal dimension by curve lengths and by dispersion analysis of the RRI and SAP time series. Fast Fourier transformation was used to measure the high-frequency and low-frequency powers of RRI and SAP. Baroreflex sensitivity was assessed in the time domain with the sequence method. Hemorrhagic shock caused decreases in RRI complexity as quantified by approximate entropy, sample entropy, and symbol dynamics; these changes were reversed by resuscitation. Similar but statistically insignificant changes in fractal dimension by curve lengths were seen. RRI high-frequency power decreased with hemorrhagic shock-indicating withdrawal of vagal cardiac input-and was restored by resuscitation. Similar changes in baroreflex sensitivity were seen. Hemorrhagic shock did not affect SAP complexity. Conclusions. Hemorrhagic shock caused a reversible decrease in RRI complexity; these changes may be mediated by changes in vagal cardiac control. Assessment of RRI complexity may permit identification of casualties with hemorrhagic shock. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Turku, Dept Phys, SF-20500 Turku, Finland. RP Batchinsky, AI (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 49 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 35 IS 2 BP 519 EP 525 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000254065.44990.77 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 129OP UT WOS:000243739100025 PM 17205017 ER PT J AU Talmage, SS Watson, AP Hauschild, V Munro, NB King, J AF Talmage, S. S. Watson, A. P. Hauschild, V. Munro, N. B. King, J. TI Chemical warfare agent degradation and decontamination SO CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ISOPROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONOFLUORIDATE SARIN; CATALYZED-HYDROLYSIS; VX; DETOXIFICATION; TOXICITY AB The decontamination of chemical warfare agents (CWA) from structures, environmental media. and even personnel has become an area of particular interest in recent),cars due to increased homeland security concerns. In addition to terrorist attacks. scenarios such as accidental releases of CWA from U.S. stockpile sites or from historic, buried munitions are also subjects for response planning. To facilitate rapid identification of practical and effective decontamination approaches. this paper reviews pathways of CWA degradation by natural means as well as those resulting from deliberately applied Solutions and technologies: these pathways and technologies are compared and contrasted. We then review various technologies, both traditional and recent, with some emphasis on decontamination materials used for surfaces that are difficult to clean. Discussion is limited to the major threat CWA, namely sulfur mustard (HD), bis[2-chloroethyl]sulfide), VX (O-ethyl S-[2-diisopropylaminoethyl] methylphosphonothioate), and the G-series nerve agents. The principal G-agents are GA (tabun, ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate), GB (sarin, isopropyl methylphosplionofluoridate). and GD (soman. pinacolyl methylphosplionofluoridate). The chemical decontamination pathways of each agent are outlined, with some discussion of intermediate and Final degradation product toxicity. In all cases, and regardless of the CWA degradation pathway chosen for decontamination. it will be necessary to collect and analyze pertinent environmental samples during the treatment phase to confirm attainment of clearance levels. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. USA, Ctr Environm, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Talmage, SS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM talmagess@ornl.gov NR 64 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 10 U2 54 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1385-2728 J9 CURR ORG CHEM JI Curr. Org. Chem. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 11 IS 3 BP 285 EP 298 DI 10.2174/138527207779940892 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 129OR UT WOS:000243739300005 ER PT J AU Howell, SM Bessinger, T AF Howell, Sarah M. Bessinger, Todd TI What is your diagnosis? The Diagnosis: Maffucci syndrome SO CUTIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID DYSCHONDROPLASIA; HEMANGIOMAS; LYMPHANGIOSARCOMA; ANGIOSARCOMA; PATIENT C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Howell, SM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2007 VL 79 IS 2 BP 108 EP + PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 141AZ UT WOS:000244549900002 PM 17388209 ER PT J AU Sulit, LTDJ Guardiano, RA Krivda, S AF Sulit, L. T. Daryl J. Guardiano, Robert A. Krivda, Stephen TI Classic and atypical Spitz nevi: Review of the literature SO CUTIS LA English DT Review ID LYMPH-NODE BIOPSY; EPITHELIOID CELL NEVI; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; MELANOCYTIC LESIONS; CUTANEOUS MELANOMA; CHILDHOOD; SPINDLE; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; TUMORS AB Both classic and atypical Spitz nevi are uncommon melanocytic lesions usually presenting in children and adolescents. The classic Spitz nevus typically is benign and has characteristic clinical and histologic features. In contrast, the atypical Spitz nevus has an unknown clinical prognosis, and its clinical and histologic traits are loosely defined. Melanoma can have similar features to both classic and atypical Spitz nevi and must be ruled out in all cases. We review the literature on classic and atypical Spitz nevi, advances in differentiating both types of nevi from melanoma, and treatment options. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sulit, LTDJ (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2007 VL 79 IS 2 BP 141 EP 146 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 141AZ UT WOS:000244549900010 ER PT J AU Kositanont, U Rugsasuk, S Leelaporn, A Phulsuksombati, D Tantitanawat, S Naigowit, P AF Kositanont, Uraiwan Rugsasuk, Songsak Leelaporn, Amornrut Phulsuksombati, Duangporn Tantitanawat, Sompong Naigowit, Pimjai TI Detection and differentiation between pathogenic and saprophytic Leptospira spp. by multiplex polymerase chain reaction SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Leptospira; multiplex PCR; diagnosis; 23S rDNA ID MICROSCOPIC AGGLUTINATION-TEST; QUANTITATIVE PCR; IDENTIFICATION; ASSAY; INTERROGANS; AMPLIFICATION; DIAGNOSIS; SEROVARS; BIFLEXA; DNA AB A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for diagnosing leptospirosis and differentiating pathogenic and saprophytic leptospires. Specific primers were designed to amplify 23S rDNA from pathogenic Leptospira and saprophytic Leptospira spp. PCR products from 27 pathogenic and 5 (including 1 intermediate) saprophytic serovars were 615 and 316 base pairs (bp), respectively. After the restriction enzyme's digestion of PCR products, the fragments by Sac1 of pathogenic serovars and by PstI of saprophytic serovars were 339 and 276 bp and 202 and 114 bp, respectively. The PCR primers enabled amplification of DNA from L. melveri serovar Ranarum as a pathogenic Leptospira spp. The PCR assay could detect 1 to 2 cells of leptospires and not amplify DNA from other 18 bacterial species. The sensitivity and specificity of this PCR in rat kidney, using isolation as gold standard, were 98.6% and 100%, respectively. The most appropriate sample preparation of blood for detecting DNA was buffy coat. Among the sample preparations from 7 laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis cases, leptospiral DNA was detected in all 7 buffy coat preparations, whereas leptospiral DNA was detected in only 3 plasma or serum samples. The PCR assay may be useful as a diagnostic tool for leptospirosis. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Mahidol Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fac Med, Siriraj Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Vet Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Prae Hosp, Dept Med, Prae 54000, Thailand. Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Med Sci, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. RP Kositanont, U (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Dept Microbiol, Fac Med, Siriraj Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. EM gruks@mahidol.ac.th NR 24 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 57 IS 2 BP 117 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.07.014 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 134LT UT WOS:000244085300001 PM 17020799 ER PT J AU Strecker-McGraw, MK Jones, TR Baer, DG AF Strecker-McGraw, Margaret K. Jones, Thomas Russel Baer, David G. TI Soft tissue wounds and principles of healing SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GRANULATION-TISSUE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ASCORBIC-ACID; NITRIC-OXIDE; CONTRACTION; ANGIOGENESIS; MATRIX; REPAIR; INJURY; FIBROBLASTS AB Wound healing is a complex interchange, orchestrated between cellular components that play their respective parts signaled by and mediated by different cellular instruments of healing. When healing is flawless, the final product is a thing of beauty. When healing is delayed, interrupted, or excessive, then unsightly scars of chronic painful wounds that are frustrating to the patient and physician occur. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Scott & White Hosp, Coll Med, Dept Emergency Med, Temple, TX 76504 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Strecker-McGraw, MK (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Scott & White Hosp, Coll Med, Dept Emergency Med, 2401 S 31st St, Temple, TX 76504 USA. EM mkmcgraw@swmail.sw.org NR 91 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1 BP 1 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2006.12.002 PG 23 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 162UL UT WOS:000246114900003 PM 17400070 ER PT J AU McManus, JG Wedmore, I Schwartz, RB AF McManus, John G. Wedmore, Ian Schwartz, Richard B. TI Emergency department wound management - Preface SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth & Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Emergency Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP McManus, JG (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley Chambers Ave,Suite B, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.mcmanus@amedd.army.mil; ian.wedmore@amedd.army.mil; rschwart@mcg.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1 BP XVII EP XVIII DI 10.1016/j.emc.2007.01.014 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 162UL UT WOS:000246114900002 ER PT J AU DeBoard, RH Rondeau, DF Kang, CS Sabbaj, A McManus, JG AF DeBoard, Ryan H. Rondeau, Dawn F. Kang, Christopher S. Sabbaj, Alfredo McManus, John G. TI Principles of basic wound evaluation and management in the emergency department SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TETRACAINE-ADRENALINE-COCAINE; TISSUE ADHESIVE 2-OCTYLCYANOACRYLATE; FOREIGN-BODIES; FACIAL LACERATIONS; TOPICAL ANESTHESIA; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TRAUMATIC LACERATIONS; SCALP LACERATIONS; COSMETIC OUTCOMES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL AB The primary objectives of basic wound management center around promoting optimal wound healing and cosmesis. These objectives may be achieved through systematic assessment, preparation, and repair of the laceration supplemented with appropriate patient care instructions. The meticulous and methodical management of traumatic wounds described in this article will assist the emergency physician in decreasing overall complication rates and help improve patient satisfaction. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97239 USA. Univ Washington, Tacoma, WA USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP McManus, JG (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.mcmanus@medd.army.mil NR 82 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1 BP 23 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2006.12.001 PG 18 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 162UL UT WOS:000246114900004 PM 17400071 ER PT J AU Brown, DJ Jaffe, JE Henson, JK AF Brown, Daniel J. Jaffe, Jon E. Henson, Jody K. TI Advanced laceration management SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EYELID MARGIN REPAIR; SUCCESSFUL REPLANTATION; FINGERTIP INJURIES; SKIN-GRAFTS; NAIL; CHILDREN; RECONSTRUCTION; AMPUTATIONS; SALVAGE; POCKET AB Many lacerations seen in the emergency department setting require specific management based on anatomic location. Lacerations of the fingertip, ear, nose, hp, tongue, and eyelid can be complex and require advanced management techniques. Many can be primarily treated by emergency clinicians; however, it is important for the clinician to know when consultation is appropriate for treatment by a specialist. Current literature recommendations are presented for initial management, methods of repair, technical tips to facilitate repair, appropriate consultation, and postoperative care for these complex lacerations. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, SAUSHEC Emergency Med, MCHE, EM, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Scott & White Hosp, Coll Med, Hlth Sci Ctr,Dept Emergency Med, Temple, TX 76508 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Scott & White Hosp, Hlth Sci Ctr, Temple, TX 76508 USA. RP Brown, DJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, SAUSHEC Emergency Med, MCHE, EM, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM daniel.brown1@lackland.af.mil NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1 BP 83 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2006.11.001 PG 18 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 162UL UT WOS:000246114900007 PM 17400074 ER PT J AU Gomez, R Cancio, LC AF Gomez, Ruben Cancio, Leopoldo C. TI Management of burn wounds in the emergency department SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SMOKE-INHALATION INJURY AB This article makes some introductory comments on the histology of the skin and the pathophysiology of burn injury as these topics pertain to the estimation of the depth of the burn injury. The definition of a major burn and the salient points of its treatment are covered. In addition, some general comments are made about several special injuries for which burn center referral usually is sought. Finally, guidance is given in the selection and treatment of patients who have bums that may be treated on an outpatient basis. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3600 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM lee.cancio@us.army.mil NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1 BP 135 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2007.01.005 PG 13 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 162UL UT WOS:000246114900010 PM 17400077 ER PT J AU Pfaff, JA Moore, GP AF Pfaff, James A. Moore, Gregory P. TI Reducing risk in emergency department wound management SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE INJECTION INJURIES; MALPRACTICE CLAIMS; TRAUMATIC LACERATIONS; IRRIGATION; HAND; MASSACHUSETTS; INFECTION; MEDICINE; BITES; CAT AB Although substantial dollar amounts are not involved, wound-care litigation constitutes a significant number of lawsuits to emergency medicine physicians, resulting in an increased drain on the physician's time and exposing the physician to all the psychosocial effects involved in the medicolegal process. The procedures outlined in this article-paying attention to wound-care principles, involving patients in the medical decision-making process, and ensuring appropriate medical follow-up-can, it is hoped, reduce the incidence of medical claims. C1 San Antonio Uniformed Hlth Serv Hlth Educ Consort, Emergency Med Residency, San Antonio, TX USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. Kaiser Permanente, Emergency Dept, Roseville, CA USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Emergency Med Residency, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Pfaff, JA (reprint author), USA, ISR, BAMC, 3400 Rawlwy E Chambers Ave,Suite B, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM james.pfaff@amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1 BP 189 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2007.01.009 PG 14 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 162UL UT WOS:000246114900014 PM 17400081 ER PT J AU Hartoch, RS McManus, JG Knapp, S Buettner, MF AF Hartoch, Richard S. McManus, John G. Knapp, Sheri Buettner, Mark F. TI Emergency management of chronic wounds SO EMERGENCY MEDICINE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS; PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL-DISEASE; PREVENTING AMPUTATION; VENOUS ULCERATION; PRESSURE ULCERS; MECHANISMS; DEBRIDEMENT; INFECTION; STATEMENT; LIMB AB As America's emergency departments witness an increase in care provided to an aging population, the emergency physician increasingly evaluates and treats manifestations of chronic disease. Nonhealing wounds are often a presenting manifestation of chronic disease. They are a source of pain and disability for this population. Emergency physicians should possess a fundamental knowledge in the management of chronic wounds. This article familiarizes the emergency physician with the epidemiology of chronic wounds, the physiology of tissue repair, the pathophysiology involved in wound healing failure, the common types of chronic wounds, and specific management strategies. C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Portland, OR 97239 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Ctr Rehabil, Great River Wound & Hyperbar Clin, W Burlington, IA 52655 USA. RP Hartoch, RS (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Emergency Med, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM rickhartoch@yahoo.com NR 62 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0733-8627 J9 EMERG MED CLIN N AM JI Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 25 IS 1 BP 203 EP + DI 10.1016/j.emc.2007.01.010 PG 20 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 162UL UT WOS:000246114900015 PM 17400082 ER PT J AU Marsden-Haug, N Foster, VB Gould, PL Elbert, E Wang, HL Pavlin, JA AF Marsden-Haug, Nicola Foster, Virginia B. Gould, Philip L. Elbert, Eugene Wang, Hailiang Pavlin, Julie A. TI Code-based syndromic surveillance for influenzalike illness by international classification of diseases, ninth revision SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAK; SYSTEM AB With the spread of avian influenza, use of automated data streams to rapidly detect and track human influenza cases has increased. We performed correlation analyses to determine whether International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9), groupings used to detect influenza-like illness (ILI) within an automated syndromic system correlate with respiratory virus laboratory test results in the same population (r = 0.71 or 0.86, depending on group). We used temporal and signal-to-noise analysis to identify 2 subsets of ICD-9 codes that most accurately represent ILI trends, compared nationwide sentinel ILI surveillance data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with the automated data (r = 0.97), and found the most sensitive set of ICD-9 codes for respiratory illness surveillance. Our results, demonstrate a method for selecting the best group of ICD-9 codes to assist system developers and health officials who are interpreting similar data for daily public health activities. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. USAF, Inst Operat Hlth, Brooks City Base, TX USA. RP Pavlin, JA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM julie.pavlin@us.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 26 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2007 VL 13 IS 2 BP 207 EP 216 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 134UY UT WOS:000244111000003 PM 17479881 ER PT J AU Chase, RB Kehew, AE Glynn, ME Selegean, JP AF Chase, Ronald B. Kehew, Alan E. Glynn, M. Eileen Selegean, James P. TI Modeling debris slide geometry with balanced cross sections: A rigorous field test SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE structural modeling; slumps; slip surface; cross-section balancing; soils; monitoring ID SURFACES BENEATH LANDSLIDES; SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS; PREDICTIONS AB Cross sections of slopes subjected to progressive displacements can be constructed from arrays of deeply embedded survey poles aligned in the directions of slip. Changes in the spacing and plunge angles of the poles can be used to construct vertical sections that show positions of slip surfaces and the changing shapes and/or positions of stratigraphic boundaries by applying the principles of cross-section balancing. Balanced models of such progressive failures can be used as the basis for determining field locations, data needs, and mitigation strategies associated with more rigorous geotechnical investigations. A slow debris slide in the coastal bluffs of Lake Michigan has been monitored bi-weekly to tri-weekly beginning in 1996 with balanced cross sections constructed annually. When the debris slide was drilled in 47 different places in 2003 as part of a bluff de-watering study, surfaces of rupture and stratigraphic contacts observed in drill cores matched with strong correlation the predicted depth positions of slip surfaces from balanced section models. Without access to the balanced geometric models of the debris slide as guides to drilling sites and geotechnical analyses of soils, the drilling program would not have produced the level of knowledge necessary for a well planned mitigation strategy. C1 Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geosci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Great Lakes Hydraul & Hydrol Off, Detroit, MI 48226 USA. RP Chase, RB (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geosci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMERICA, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 13 IS 1 BP 45 EP 53 DI 10.2113/gseegeosci.13.1.45 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 186TQ UT WOS:000247801500004 ER PT J AU Weisbrod, AV Burkhard, LP Arnot, J Mekenyan, O Howard, PH Russom, C Boethling, R Sakuratani, Y Traas, T Bridges, T Lutz, C Bonnell, M Woodburn, K Parkerton, T AF Weisbrod, Anne V. Burkhard, Lawrence P. Arnot, Jon Mekenyan, Ovanes Howard, Philip H. Russom, Christine Boethling, Robert Sakuratani, Yuki Traas, Theo Bridges, Todd Lutz, Charles Bonnell, Mark Woodburn, Kent Parkerton, Thomas TI Workgroup report: Review of fish bioaccurnulation databases used to identify persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic substances SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE BAF; BCF; bioaccumulation; bioconcentration; biota-sediment accumulation factor; BSAF; fish; database; PBT ID ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; BIOCONCENTRATION FACTORS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENT; FOOD WEBS; WATER; MODEL; SIZE; QSAR AB Chemical management programs strive to protect human health and the environment by accurately identifying persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic substances and restricting their use in commerce. The advance of these programs is challenged by the reality that few empirical data are available for the tens of thousands of commercial substances that require evaluation. Therefore, most preliminary assessments rely on model predictions and data extrapolation. In November 2005, a workshop was held for experts from governments, industry, and academia to examine the availability and quality of in vivo fish bioconcentration and bioaccumulation data, and to propose steps to improve its prediction. The workshop focused on fish data because regulatory assessments predominantly focus on the bioconcentration of substances from water into fish, as measured using in vivo tests or predicted using computer models. In this article we review of the quantity, features, and public availability of bioconcentration, bioaccumulation, and biota-sediment accumulation data. The workshop revealed that there is significant overlap in the data contained within the various fish bioaccumulation data sources reviewed, and further, that no database contained all of the available fish bioaccumulation data. We believe that a majority of the available bioaccumulation data have been used in the development and testing of quantitative structure-activity relationships and computer models currently in use. Workshop recommendations included the publication of guidance on bioconcentration study quality, the combination of data from various sources to permit better access for modelers and assessors, and the review of chemical domains of existing models to identify areas for expansion. C1 Procter & Gamble Co, Cent Prod Safety, Cincinnati, OH 45252 USA. US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. Trent Univ, Canadian Environm Modelling Ctr, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. Bourgas A Zlatarov Univ, Lab Math Chem, Burgas, Bulgaria. Syracuse Res Corp, Syracuse, NY USA. US EPA, Off Pollut & Prevent & Pesticides, Washington, DC 20460 USA. Natl Inst Technol & Evaluat, Chem Management Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Utrecht, Netherlands. USA Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. Environm Canada New Subst, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Dow Chem Co USA, Toxicol Environm Res & Consulting, Midland, MI USA. ExxonMobil Biomed Sci, Annandale, NJ USA. RP Weisbrod, AV (reprint author), Procter & Gamble Co, Cent Prod Safety, 11810 E Miami River Rd, Cincinnati, OH 45252 USA. EM weisbrod.av@pg.com NR 44 TC 39 Z9 47 U1 4 U2 30 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD FEB PY 2007 VL 115 IS 2 BP 255 EP 261 DI 10.1289/ehp.9424 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 132ML UT WOS:000243946800035 PM 17384774 ER PT J AU Du, K Rood, MJ Kim, BJ Kemme, MR Franek, B Mattison, K AF Du, Ke Rood, Mark J. Kim, Byung J. Kemme, Michael R. Franek, Bill Mattison, Kevin TI Quantification of plume opacity by digital photography SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION TECHNIQUES; VISIBILITY AB The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) developed Method 9 to describe how plume opacity can be quantified by humans. However, use of observations by humans introduces subjectivity, and is expensive due to semiannual certification requirements of the observers. The Digital Opacity Method (DOM) was developed to quantify plume opacity at lower cost, with improved objectivity, and to provide a digital record. Photographs of plumes were taken with a calibrated digital camera under specified conditions. Pixel values from those photographs were then interpreted to quantify the plume's opacity using a contrast model and a transmission model. The contrast model determines plume opacity based on pixel values that are related to the change in contrast between two backgrounds that are located behind and next to the plume. The transmission model determines the plume's opacity based on pixel values that are related to radiances from the plume and its background. DOM was field tested with a smoke generator. The individual and average opacity errors of DOM were within the USEPA Method 9 acceptable error limits for both field campaigns. Such results are encouraging and support the use of DOM as an alternative to Method 9. C1 Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, ERDC, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. Illinois Environm Protect Agcy, Des Plaines, IL USA. RP Rood, MJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mrood@uiuc.edu RI Du, Ke/A-6649-2012 NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2007 VL 41 IS 3 BP 928 EP 935 DI 10.1021/es061277n PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 133HA UT WOS:000244002800049 PM 17328205 ER PT J AU Poynton, HC Varshavsky, JR Chang, B Cavigiolio, G Chan, S Holman, PS Loguinov, AV Bauer, DJ Komachi, K Theil, EC Perkins, EJ Hughes, O Vulpe, CD AF Poynton, Helen C. Varshavsky, Julia R. Chang, Bonnie Cavigiolio, Giorgio Chan, Sarah Holman, Patricia S. Loguinov, Alexandre V. Bauer, Darren J. Komachi, Kelly Theil, Elizabeth C. Perkins, Edward J. Hughes, Owen Vulpe, Chris D. TI Daphnia magna ecotoxicogenomics provides mechanistic insights into metal toxicity SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA REGULATION; RAT-LIVER; EXPRESSION; BINDING; PROTEIN; CELLS; GENE; TOXICOGENOMICS; XENOBIOTICS; METABOLISM AB Toxicogenomics has provided innovative approaches to chemical screening, risk assessment, and predictive toxicology. If applied to ecotoxicology, genomics tools could greatly enhance the ability to understand the modes of toxicity in environmentally relevant organisms. Daphnia magna, a small aquatic crustacean, is considered a "keystone" species in ecological food webs and is an indicator species for toxicant exposure. Our objective was to demonstrate the potential utility of gene expression profiling in ecotoxicology by identifying novel biomarkers and uncovering potential modes of action in D. magna. Using a custom D. magna cDNA microarray, we identified distinct expression profiles in response to sublethal copper, cadmium, and zinc exposures and discovered specific biomarkers of exposure including two probable metallothioneins, and a ferritin mRNA with a functional IRE. The gene expression patterns support known mechanisms of metal toxicity and reveal novel modes of action including zinc inhibition of chitinase activity. By integrating gene expression profiling into an environmentally important organism, this study provides experimental support for the utility of ecotoxicogenomics. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Ctr BioIron, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. Univ New Hampshire, Hubbard Ctr Genome Studies, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Eon Terragenom, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Vulpe, CD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vulpe@berkeley.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK20251] NR 39 TC 148 Z9 155 U1 5 U2 79 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2007 VL 41 IS 3 BP 1044 EP 1050 DI 10.1021/es0615573 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 133HA UT WOS:000244002800066 PM 17328222 ER EF