FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT B AU Coburn, W Ly, C Allmon, W Bamba, A AF Coburn, William Ly, Canh Allmon, William Bamba, Amid GP IEEE TI Model Validation for Sectoral Horn Antennas in Metal Enclosures SO 2009 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM AND USNC/URSI NATIONAL RADIO SCIENCE MEETING, VOLS 1-6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium /USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting CY JUN 01-05, 2009 CL N Charleston, SC SP IEEE, USNC, URSI C1 [Coburn, William; Ly, Canh; Bamba, Amid] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Allmon, William] Gen Tech Serv, LLC, Wall, NM 07719 USA. RP Coburn, W (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM wcoburn@arl.army.mil; ly@arl.army.mil; bill.allmon@arl.army.mil; amid.bamba@arl.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3646-0 PY 2009 BP 2543 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BON71 UT WOS:000277085401166 ER PT B AU Keller, SD Harris, RW Kingkeo, K AF Keller, Steven D. Harris, Russell W. Kingkeo, Khamsouk GP IEEE TI Coplanar Waveguide Slot-Coupled Patch Antenna Electronic Scanning Array for On-The-Move SATCOM SO 2009 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM AND USNC/URSI NATIONAL RADIO SCIENCE MEETING, VOLS 1-6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium /USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting CY JUN 01-05, 2009 CL N Charleston, SC SP IEEE, USNC, URSI C1 [Keller, Steven D.; Harris, Russell W.; Kingkeo, Khamsouk] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Keller, SD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM steven.keller4@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3646-0 PY 2009 BP 2875 EP 2878 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BON71 UT WOS:000277085401249 ER PT B AU Dong, JW Zaghloul, AI Reddy, CJ AF Dong, Junwei Zaghloul, Amir I. Reddy, C. J. GP IEEE TI Quadruple Bandwidth True Time Delay Printed Microwave Lens Beam Former for Ultra Wideband Multifunctional Phased Array Applications SO 2009 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM AND USNC/URSI NATIONAL RADIO SCIENCE MEETING, VOLS 1-6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium /USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting CY JUN 01-05, 2009 CL N Charleston, SC SP IEEE, USNC, URSI C1 [Dong, Junwei; Zaghloul, Amir I.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 22043 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Reddy, C. J.] EM Software & Syst USA, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. RP Dong, JW (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 22043 USA. EM djwei@vt.edu; amirz@vt.edu; cjreddy@emssusa.com NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3646-0 PY 2009 BP 3641 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BON71 UT WOS:000277085401441 ER PT B AU Donohoe, JP Fairley, JR Lynch, LN AF Donohoe, J. Patrick Fairley, Josh R. Lynch, Larry N. GP IEEE TI Locating Soil Anomalies Using the Impedance Variation of a Horizontal Dipole Over Ground SO 2009 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM AND USNC/URSI NATIONAL RADIO SCIENCE MEETING, VOLS 1-6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium /USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting CY JUN 01-05, 2009 CL N Charleston, SC SP IEEE, USNC, URSI AB A simple horizontal dipole over ground can be used as a near-field probe for buried object detection if changes in the dipole impedance produced by the presence of the buried object can be correlated to the characteristics of the object. In this paper, the wideband variation in the input impedance of a horizontal dipole over ground caused by the presence of a nearby underground anomaly (tunnel) is investigated via finite difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. The correlation of the periodic variation in the dipole impedance difference to the location of the tunnel is demonstrated. C1 [Donohoe, J. Patrick] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Box 9571, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Fairley, Josh R.; Lynch, Larry N.] US Army, Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Donohoe, JP (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Box 9571, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM donohoe@ece.msstate.edu; Josh.R.Fairley@us.army.mil; Larry.N.Lynch@us.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3646-0 PY 2009 BP 3737 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BON71 UT WOS:000277085401464 ER PT B AU Mitchell, G Conn, M Huffman, J AF Mitchell, Gregory Conn, Marvin Huffman, James GP IEEE TI Radio Frequency Identification Tag Design for Automated Data Acquisition SO 2009 IEEE AUTOTESTCON LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual IEEE AUTOTESTCON Conference CY SEP 14-17, 2009 CL Anaheim, CA SP IEEE DE radio frequency identification; automated data acquisition; vibration signature AB Automated data acquisition has become a major part of the military's prognostics and diagnostics program as they move towards a condition based maintenance approach for logistics and mission readiness. The desire to apply this approach to a majority of new and legacy platforms has led to the development of a prototype radio frequency identification (RFID) tag with both serial and wireless communications capabilities that can be easily configured to different mechanical and electrical systems. This paper addresses the command architecture used for inter-node communication within the data acquisition network, and verifies the RFID's data collection capabilities by obtaining vibration signatures from bearings running on a machinery fault simulator. The vibration signatures from the RFID are compared to those obtained from a proven data acquisition method. C1 [Mitchell, Gregory; Conn, Marvin; Huffman, James] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mitchell, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Lin, Zhao/C-8319-2011 OI Lin, Zhao/0000-0002-6131-9723 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4980-4 PY 2009 BP 71 EP 75 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA BNK02 UT WOS:000274771300015 ER PT B AU Tahmoush, D Lofland, L AF Tahmoush, Dave Lofland, Larry GP IEEE TI A Prototype National Emergency Deployment System SO 2009 IEEE CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security CY MAY 11-12, 2009 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE DE emergency services; open source; DHS; scheduling; data management; software development ID SOFTWARE PROJECT RISKS; COTS SOFTWARE; CHALLENGES; MANAGEMENT AB The prototype National Emergency Deployment System (NEDS) is an application that provides a fast and efficient means of planning timely responses to emergencies and a centralized system that maintains a high state of readiness in case of an emergency The prototype NEDS system has been fielded at one site and had been used in response to several incidents. This paper describes the software capabilities and the open-source development and then discusses the modified development approach that led to a successful software development process. C1 [Tahmoush, Dave] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tahmoush, Dave] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 21228 USA. [Lofland, Larry] Maryland Task Force One, College Pk, MD USA. RP Tahmoush, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. FU University of Maryland Graduate Research Board FX This work was supported in part by the University of Maryland Graduate Research Board. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4178-5 PY 2009 BP 323 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Engineering; Physics GA BMZ02 UT WOS:000273959900049 ER PT S AU Iyengar, SG Varshney, PK Damarla, T AF Iyengar, Satish G. Varshney, Pramod K. Damarla, Thyagaraju GP IEEE TI A PARAMETRIC COPULA BASED FRAMEWORK FOR MULTIMODAL SIGNAL PROCESSING SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1- 8, PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY APR 19-24, 2009 CL Taipei, TAIWAN SP IEEE, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Copula theory; Multisensor fusion; Hypothesis testing; Kullback-Leibler distance; Statistical dependence AB We present a framework for the joint processing of multimodal data such as audio-video data streams. We first consider the problem of estimating the joint distribution of statistically dependent multimodal random variables. We discuss the issues involved and provide a copula based solution. Application of this approach to solve a multisensor fusion problem for the detection of a random event is also discussed. C1 [Iyengar, Satish G.; Varshney, Pramod K.] Syracuse Univ, Dept EECS, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Damarla, Thyagaraju] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Iyengar, SG (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept EECS, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. EM siyengar@syr.edu; varshney@syr.edu; rdamarla@arl.army.mil FU US Army Research Office [W911NF-06-1-0250] FX This work was supported by the US Army Research Office under grant W911NF-06-1-0250. We thank Lav Varshney for technical discussions. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-2353-8 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2009 BP 1893 EP + DI 10.1109/ICASSP.2009.4959978 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BKQ01 UT WOS:000268919201013 ER PT S AU Ghogho, M Gil-Jimenez, VP Swami, A AF Ghogho, Mounir Gil-Jimenez, Victor P. Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Multipath Diversity and Coding Gains of Cyclic-Prefixed Single Carrier Systems SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1- 8, PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY APR 19-24, 2009 CL Taipei, TAIWAN SP IEEE, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Multipath channels; error analysis; single carrier; OFDM; diversity ID TRANSMISSIONS; OFDM AB The multipath diversity and coding gain metrics for cyclic-prefixed single-carrier (SC-CP) systems, which characterize the bit error rate (BER) at high SNR, have not been carefully studied in the literature. We first show that, unlike OFDM, the diversity and coding gains for SC-CP are data-realization-dependent. Then, we show that there is a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold beyond which the dominant diversity order starts deviating from the maximum diversity order to eventually reduce to one at higher SNRs. Using the averaged pairwise probability, we derive an analytical expression for this SNR threshold. The latter is shown to increase with the block length and to be unrealistically high for moderate/high block lengths. Comparisons of SC-CP with rotated constellations and zero-padded SC systems are also provided. C1 [Ghogho, Mounir] Univ Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Gil-Jimenez, Victor P.] Univ Carlos III Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Ghogho, M (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. OI GIL JIMENEZ, VICTOR PEDRO/0000-0001-7029-1710 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-2353-8 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2009 BP 2837 EP + DI 10.1109/ICASSP.2009.4960214 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BKQ01 UT WOS:000268919201249 ER PT S AU Zhang, P Hu, Z Qiu, RC Sadler, BM AF Zhang, Peng Hu, Zhen Qiu, Robert C. Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI A Compressed Sensing Based Ultra-Wideband Communication System SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE International Conference on Communications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2009) CY JUN 14-18, 2009 CL Dresden, GERMANY SP IEEE ID MULTIPLE-ACCESS COMMUNICATIONS AB Sampling is the bottleneck for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication. Our major contribution is to exploit the channel itself as part of compressed sensing, through waveform-based pre-coding at the transmitter. We also have demonstrated a UWB system baseband bandwidth (5 GHz) that would, if with the conventional sampling technology, take decades for the industry to reach. The concept has been demonstrated, through simulations, using real-world measurements. Realistic channel estimation is also considered. C1 [Zhang, Peng; Hu, Zhen; Qiu, Robert C.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] US Army Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. EM pzhang21@tntech.edu; zhu21@tntech.edu; rqiu@tntech.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0529]; National Science Foundation [ECS-0622125, ECCS-0821658]; ONR; ARO FX This work is funded by the Office of Naval Research through a contract (N00014-07-1-0529), National Science Foundation through two awards (ECS-0622125) and (ECCS-0821658). The authors wants to thank their sponsors Santanu K. Das (ONR), and Robert Ulman (ARO) for useful discussions. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-3607 BN 978-1-4244-3434-3 J9 IEEE ICC PY 2009 BP 4239 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQG15 UT WOS:000280922202034 ER PT S AU Donnelly, RE AF Donnelly, Robert E. GP IEEE TI Transporting Sensor Data over Radio Networks in a System of Systems Network and Bandwidth Planning SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS (SMC 2009), VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE International Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics CY OCT 11-14, 2009 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE DE communications; system of systems; sensor networks AB Individual optimization of sensor data transport over a fixed network or designing a network around fixed sensor data distribution requirements is less efficient than joint optimization. Simplified rules and methods of estimating bandwidth and planning networks are needed to tackle the more complex problem of joint optimization. A process of estimating and combining steady-state and burst data flows and using this information in optimizing network design and sensor data transport is presented. This includes using rules for data dissemination to bridge distinct networks, sensors, and users in a tiered network of networks environment. Overall, a system of systems approach balancing user needs and technical solutions produces optimal C4ISR technology deployment. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, PM C4ISR CSC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Donnelly, RE (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, PM C4ISR CSC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-922X BN 978-1-4244-2793-2 J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 2009 BP 3305 EP 3310 DI 10.1109/ICSMC.2009.5346217 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BPP02 UT WOS:000279574601262 ER PT S AU Linkov, I Wood, M Bridges, T Kovacs, D Thorne, S Butte, G AF Linkov, Igor Wood, Matthew Bridges, Todd Kovacs, Daniel Thorne, Sarah Butte, Gordon GP IEEE TI Cognitive Barriers in Floods Risk Perception and Management: A Mental Modeling Framework and Illustrative Example SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS (SMC 2009), VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE International Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics CY OCT 11-14, 2009 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE DE mental modeling; floods; homeland security ID GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; HAZARDOUS PROCESSES; PEOPLE KNOW; COMMUNICATION; KATRINA; RIVERS; LIVE AB Recent severe storm experiences in the U.S. Gulf Coast illustrate the importance of an integrated approach to natural disaster preparedness planning, one that harmonizes stakeholder and implementing agency efforts. Risk management decisions that are informed by and address decision maker and stakeholder risk perceptions and behavior are essential for effective risk management policy. Formal (versus ad hoc) analyses of risk manager and stakeholder cognition represent an important first step. Mental modeling has been successfully used to reveal, characterize and map stakeholder beliefs about risks in order to develop more effective cross-stakeholder communication strategies. This paper summarizes diagram-based representation of mental models, and presents an example specific to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) flood preparedness and response program needs. Understanding flood risk mental models will enable USACE to bridge differences across and within stakeholder groups, cultures and disciplines internally and externally involved in natural disaster response in order to develop approaches for handling floods and other emerging challenges. C1 [Linkov, Igor; Wood, Matthew; Bridges, Todd] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Kovacs, Daniel; Thorne, Sarah; Butte, Gordon] LLC, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. RP Linkov, I (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Igor.Linkov@usace.army.mil; gbutte@decisionpartners.com FU Dredging Operations and Environmental Research (DOER) Program; USACE FX We would like to thank Drs. Jack Davis and Edmond Russo of the US Army Corps for advice and discussions. Ann Bostrom and Alexander Tkachuk helped in manuscript preparation and review. Funding was provided by the Dredging Operations and Environmental Research (DOER) Program. Permission was granted by the USACE Chief of Engineers to publish this material. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 13 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-922X BN 978-1-4244-2793-2 J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 2009 BP 3940 EP + DI 10.1109/ICSMC.2009.5346650 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BPP02 UT WOS:000279574602075 ER PT S AU Tahmoush, D Silvious, J AF Tahmoush, Dave Silvious, Jerry GP IEEE TI Stride Rate in Radar Micro-Doppler Images SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS (SMC 2009), VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE International Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics CY OCT 11-14, 2009 CL San Antonio, TX SP IEEE DE Radar; micro-Doppler; stride rate; gait ID FEATURE-EXTRACTION; HUMAN GAIT; MODEL AB We extract gait information from the radar micro-Doppler signals generated by human motion. We demonstrate the extraction of information associated with gait, especially the stride rate, from simulated and measured radar data. We describe micro-Doppler algorithms used for the extraction of stride rate, the radar sensors used for the measurements, and detail the gait features that can be extracted. We make measurements of human subjects in realistic outdoor clutter backgrounds. These features help identify subjects in a scene. We gather ground truth using video to validate the radar data. We conclude that although we can extract gait features like stride rate from radar data, more features need to be extracted before reliable identification or classification can be determined. C1 [Tahmoush, Dave; Silvious, Jerry] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tahmoush, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-922X BN 978-1-4244-2793-2 J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 2009 BP 4218 EP 4223 DI 10.1109/ICSMC.2009.5346830 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BPP02 UT WOS:000279574602122 ER PT B AU Lathrop, SD Korpela, CM AF Lathrop, Scott D. Korpela, Christopher M. GP IEEE TI Towards a Distributed, Cognitive Robotic Architecture for Autonomous Heterogeneous Robotic Platforms SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRACTICAL ROBOT APPLICATIONS (TEPRA 2009) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications CY NOV 09-10, 2009 CL Woburn, MA ID LOCALIZATION AB This paper describes an early phase towards a general, holistic, distributed robotic architecture capable of supporting different domain specific tasks autonomously or semi-autonomously on multiple platforms. Rather than focusing on individual components and algorithms, we take a systems level approach striving for a task-independent architecture. Our ultimate goal is to employ autonomous scouts that augment a military unit with additional reconnaissance and security assets. We envision one solider controlling a mix of three to five ground and aerial robots in contrast to one solider controlling a single robot as realized in currently deployed systems. Such a general robotic architecture may be useful in other domains to include law enforcement, search, and rescue, hospital logistics, and domestic use. To demonstrate interoperability this paper discusses the architectural design and current set of heterogeneous prototypes built with common hardware, software, and a distributed, web-based operator control unit (OCU). We explore future extensions that incorporate a cognitive architecture and work towards the Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems (JAUS) compliance. C1 [Lathrop, Scott D.; Korpela, Christopher M.] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Lathrop, SD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM scott.lathrop@usma.edu; christopher.korpela@usma.edu RI 张, 红/F-9916-2011 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4991-0 PY 2009 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1109/TEPRA.2009.5339642 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BUO02 UT WOS:000289878100011 ER PT B AU Reitsma, MAJC AF Reitsma, M. A. J. Chris GP IEEE TI A Novel Approach to Vibration Isolation in Small, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRACTICAL ROBOT APPLICATIONS (TEPRA 2009) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications CY NOV 09-10, 2009 CL Woburn, MA AB Small accelerometers currently used in ground, robotic platforms measure inclination of vehicles and positions of actuators. However, the vibration of aerial vehicles due to rotors makes them it impracticable. The sensor cannot provide the precision necessary to control an aerial platform and distinguish between vibration and inclination. An isolator that is configurable, lightweight and axis-independent would be advantageous. Tempur-pedic (R) foam provides these capabilities and initial tests have resulted in over a 50% reduction in measurement error. This can lead to improved aerial control and performance, making the impracticable, practicable again. Furthermore, improved autonomous flight that is less dependent on human interaction and skill becomes more plausible. Small unmanned aerial vehicles, especially helicopter-type, can provide some significant advantages and capabilities where an unmanned ground vehicle is unsuitable, impracticable or limited. C1 USMA, D EE&CS, West Point, NY USA. RP Reitsma, MAJC (reprint author), USMA, D EE&CS, West Point, NY USA. EM chris.reitsma@usma.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4991-0 PY 2009 BP 84 EP 87 PG 4 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BUO02 UT WOS:000289878100015 ER PT B AU Rogers, JR AF Rogers, John R. GP IEEE TI Wheel Load Transfer in High-Speed Unmanned Vehicles SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRACTICAL ROBOT APPLICATIONS (TEPRA 2009) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications CY NOV 09-10, 2009 CL Woburn, MA AB A low-cost unmanned vehicle design is presented as a tool to explore autonomous high-speed performance. The vehicle is based on a 1/10 scale radio control model four-wheel-drive truck. The transfer of vertical loads from wheel to-wheel is proposed as a parameter to control drifting. A means of estimating wheel loading from suspension displacement is presented. C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Rogers, JR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM john.rogers@usma.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4991-0 PY 2009 BP 155 EP 160 DI 10.1109/TEPRA.2009.5339629 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BUO02 UT WOS:000289878100026 ER PT B AU Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK AF Fehlman, William L., II Hinders, Mark K. GP IEEE TI Sensing Passive Thermal Objects in Outdoor Scenes for Autonomous Robots SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRACTICAL ROBOT APPLICATIONS (TEPRA 2009) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications CY NOV 09-10, 2009 CL Woburn, MA AB A physics-based adaptive Bayesian pattern classification model that uses a thermal infrared imaging system to automatically sense passive thermal objects in unstructured outdoor environments for mobile robots is described. The usefulness of thermal infrared imaging as a mobile robot sensing modality is explored, and a set of thermal-physical features used to characterize passive thermal objects in outdoor environments is presented. Objects that extend laterally beyond the thermal camera's field of view, such as brick walls, hedges, picket fences, and wood walls as well as compact objects that are laterally within the thermal camera's field of view, such as metal poles and tree trunks, are considered. Classification of passive thermal objects is a subtle process since they are not a source for their own emission of thermal energy. A detailed analysis is included or the acquisition and preprocessing of thermal images, as well as the generation and selection of thermal-physical features from these objects within thermal images. Classification performance using these features is discussed, as a precursor to the design of the physics-based model to automatically classify these objects. C1 [Fehlman, William L., II] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hinders, Mark K.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Fehlman, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM william.fehlmanii@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4991-0 PY 2009 BP 199 EP + DI 10.1109/TEPRA.2009.5339620 PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BUO02 UT WOS:000289878100033 ER PT S AU Nasrabadi, NM AF Nasrabadi, Nasser M. GP IEEE TI WIENER PREDICTION-BASED CHANGE DETECTION FOR LOCATING MINES IN MULTILOOK SAR IMAGERY SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium CY JUL 12-17, 2009 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA SP IEEE DE Change detection; mine detection; Wiener prediction; distance measures; SAR Imagery AB In this paper, we present a Wiener-based change detection method and compare its performance with several other methods for a pair of multi-look synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the same scene We implement and compare several techniques which vary in complexity. Among the simple methods that are implemented are differencing. Euclidean distance, and image ratioing. These methods require minimal processing time, with little computational complexity. and incorporate no statistical information We also implemented methods which incorporate second order statistic calculations in making a change decision in efforts to mitigate false alarms arising from the speckle noise, misregistration errors, and nonlinear variations in SAR Images. These methods include a Wiener prediction-based method. Mahalanobis distance measure and subspacc projection method. We compare the performance of these methods using multi-look SAR images containing several targets (mines). We present results in the form of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nasrabadi, NM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4244-3394-0 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2009 BP 364 EP 367 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2009.5418014 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BQI05 UT WOS:000281054100092 ER PT B AU Moe, CG Reed, ML Garrett, GA Metcalfe, GD Alexander, T Shen, HE Wraback, M Lunev, A Bilenko, Y Hu, XH Sattu, A Deng, JY Shatalov, M Gaska, R AF Moe, Craig G. Reed, Meredith L. Garrett, Gregory A. Metcalfe, Grace D. Alexander, Troy Shen, Hongen Wraback, Michael Lunev, Alex Bilenko, Yuriy Hu, Xuhong Sattu, Ajay Deng, Jianyu Shatalov, Maxim Gaska, Remis GP IEEE TI Degradation Mechanisms Beyond Device Self-Heating in Deep Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th Annual IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium CY APR 26-30, 2009 CL Montreal, CANADA SP IEEE ID LATERALLY OVERGROWN ALN; LEDS; NITRIDES AB Lifetime measurements on single, packaged UV LEDs were performed under constant current injection at 20 and 75 mA (60 and 226 A/cm(2)). The junction temperature at operation was found by micro-Raman spectroscopy to be 57 and 184 degrees C, respectively. Unbiased LEDs of similar characteristics placed in an oven baked at the equivalent operating junction temperatures showed a degradation in output power similar to that in the current injection devices during the initial 24 hours, but did not continue to degrade beyond that time. These studies imply that device heating, is correlated with the initial drop in output power during burn-in, but is not directly linked to the total degradation over the lifetime of the device. Time-resolved PL studies on the device active region as well as further electro-optic measurements indicate that the degradation is not due primarily to that of the active region, but may be associated with generation of point defects such as N-vacancies near the p-n junction. C1 [Moe, Craig G.; Reed, Meredith L.; Garrett, Gregory A.; Metcalfe, Grace D.; Alexander, Troy; Shen, Hongen; Wraback, Michael] USA, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Lunev, Alex; Bilenko, Yuriy; Hu, Xuhong; Sattu, Ajay; Deng, Jianyu; Shatalov, Maxim; Gaska, Remis] Sensor Elect Technol Inc, Columbia, SC 29209 USA. RP Moe, CG (reprint author), USA, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM craig.moe@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2888-5 PY 2009 BP 94 EP + DI 10.1109/IRPS.2009.5173230 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering; Physics GA BMF10 UT WOS:000272068100015 ER PT S AU Cho, JH Chen, IR AF Cho, Jin-Hee Chen, Ing-Ray GP IEEE TI Performance Analysis of Distributed Intrusion Detection Protocols for Mobile Group Communication Systems SO 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PARALLEL & DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING, VOLS 1-5 SE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium IPDPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium CY MAY 23-29, 2009 CL Rome, ITALY SP IEEE ID AD HOC NETWORKS; SENSOR NETWORKS AB Under highly security vulnerable, resource restricted, and dynamically changing mobile ad hoc environments, it is critical to be able to maximize the system lifetime while bounding the communication response time for mission-oriented mobile groups. In this paper, we analyze the tradeoff of security versus performance for distributed intrusion detection protocols employed in mobile group communication systems (GCSs). We investigate a distributed voting-based intrusion detection protocol for GCSs in multi-hop mobile ad hoc networks and examine the effect of intrusion detection on system survivability measured by the mean time to security failure (MTTSF) metric and efficiency measured by the communication cost metric. We identify optimal design settings under which the MTTSF metric can be best traded off for the communication cost metric or vice versa. C1 [Cho, Jin-Hee] USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Chen, Ing-Ray] Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Cho, JH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM jinhee.cho@us.army.mil; irchen@vt.edu FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship Program; U.S. Army Research Laboratory FX This project is supported in part by an appointment to the U.S. Army Research Laboratory Postdoctoral Fellowship Program administered by the Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1530-2075 BN 978-1-4244-3751-1 J9 INT PARALL DISTRIB P PY 2009 BP 3107 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMN88 UT WOS:000272993601157 ER PT S AU Qiu, JX Jurdy, DC Pulskamp, JS Polcawich, RG Kaul, R Crowne, F AF Qiu, J. X. Jurdy, D. C. Pulskamp, J. S. Polcawich, R. G. Kaul, R. Crowne, F. GP IEEE TI Characterization of Nonlinear Behavior in A Tunable Phase Shifter Using Ferroelectric PZT Thin-Film Capacitors and Its Effect on System Performance SO 2009 IEEE/MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium CY JUN 07-12, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE MTTS DE Ferroelectric thin-film; PZT; tunable phase shifter; nonlinear distortion; intermodulation; QAM; EVM AB In this paper, the nonlinear behavior in a tunable phase shifter using ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin-film capacitors is described. The phase shifter is of reflection-type consisting of a coplanar waveguide Lange coupler and two ferroelectric PZT varactors on high resistivity silicon substrate. The nonlinearity is characterized by measuring the AM/AM and AM/PM transfer curves of the device, a technique that is commonly used to characterize power amplifiers. The responses of the device to two-tone and quadrature-amplitudemodulation waveforms are then estimated according to the measured transfer curves. C1 [Qiu, J. X.; Jurdy, D. C.; Pulskamp, J. S.; Polcawich, R. G.; Kaul, R.; Crowne, F.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Qiu, JX (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4244-2803-8 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2009 BP 341 EP 344 DI 10.1109/MWSYM.2009.5165703 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BMS89 UT WOS:000273507400087 ER PT S AU Darwish, AM Huebschman, B Viveiros, E Hung, HA AF Darwish, Ali M. Huebschman, Benjamin Viveiros, Edward Hung, H. Alfred GP IEEE TI The Dependence of GaN HEMT's Frequency Figure of Merit on Temperature SO 2009 IEEE/MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium CY JUN 07-12, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE MTTS DE Gallium nitride; temperature coefficient; cutoff frequency; maximum oscillation frequency; saturated current; transconductance; MMIC AB This study presents extensive thermal characterization of GaN/SiC devices from five US sources across temperature (-25 degrees C to +125 degrees C). The changes with temperature for: cutoff frequency (f(t)), maximum oscillation frequency (f(max)), saturated current (I(dss)) transconductance (g(m)) are measured, statistics studied, and correlations investigated. Temperature-coefficients are established for f(e), f(max), I(dss), and g(m), in GaN technology. The results obtained provide MMIC designers with key information required for meeting temperature specifications. C1 [Darwish, Ali M.; Huebschman, Benjamin; Viveiros, Edward; Hung, H. Alfred] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Darwish, AM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4244-2803-8 J9 IEEE MTT-S PY 2009 BP 909 EP 912 DI 10.1109/MWSYM.2009.5165845 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BMS89 UT WOS:000273507400229 ER PT S AU St Leger, A Nwankpa, C AF St Leger, Aaron Nwankpa, Chika GP IEEE TI Analog Emulation of Transmission Lines with Time-Varying Phasors SO 2009 IEEE POWER & ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting PESGM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT General Meeting of the IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society CY JUL 26-30, 2009 CL Calgary, CANADA SP IEEE Power & Energy Soc DE Power System Dynamic Stability; Power System Modeling; Power Transmission; Time-Varying Phasors ID DYNAMIC PHASORS; POWER-SYSTEM; STABILITY AB Power System network dynamics are often ignored in power system analysis in order to simplify and speed up calculations. Such assumptions can be alleviated with no cost in computation time using analog computation. Analog computation exhibits physically realizable solutions and significantly faster computation times as compared to digital. However, accurate analog models of power system components are required. This paper focuses on the development of an analog transmission line model incorporating time-varying phasors. More specifically, this model was designed for a previously proposed method of analog power system emulation. Prior research with this method has focused on a static representation of transmission lines. The dynamic model, proposed here, is a natural extension of previous work and allows for more accurate power system stability analysis. The model is developed within an analog emulation framework, and verified with simulation via analog behavior modeling in PSpice software. C1 [St Leger, Aaron] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10566 USA. [Nwankpa, Chika] Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP St Leger, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10566 USA. EM aaron.stleger@usma.edu; nwankpa@ece.drexel.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [CH11170]; U.S. National Science Foundation [ECS-0601647] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant CH11170 and the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant ECS-0601647. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1944-9925 BN 978-1-4244-4240-9 J9 IEEE POW ENER SOC GE PY 2009 BP 4361 EP 4367 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BNT85 UT WOS:000275524902062 ER PT B AU O'Brien, H Ogunniyi, A Scozzie, CJ Shaheen, W Agarwal, A Temple, V AF O'Brien, Heather Ogunniyi, Aderinto Scozzie, Charles J. Shaheen, William Agarwal, Anant Temple, Victor GP IEEE TI WIDE-PULSE EVALUATION OF 0.5 CM2 SILICON CARBIDE SGTO SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA ID THYRISTORS AB Silicon carbide Super-GTOs are being pursued by the Army as a replacement for current silicon-based, high-power pulse switches. In this study, 0.5 cm(2) silicon carbide SGTOs were evaluated in an RLC pulse circuit which provided a half-sine shaped pulse at a width of 1 ms. The parameters assessed were peak current capability, 1000-shot reliability, and current sharing between parallel switches. SGTOs were pulsed as high as 1600 A, but 1250 A was found to be the most reliable and repeatable current level for most devices. This current waveform corresponds to an action of 850 A(2)s and a current density over the emitter area of 3.5 kA/cm(2). SGTOs were pulsed for over 1000 single shots without any significant change in forward voltage drop. A pair of parallel SGTOs was pulsed up to a total of 2600 A, and repeatedly at 2500 A, with current sharing within +/-1%. This paper details the evaluations of individual and paralleled devices which are being studied in preparation for future work with multi-chip modules. C1 [O'Brien, Heather; Ogunniyi, Aderinto; Scozzie, Charles J.] USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Shaheen, William] Berkeley Res Assoc, Beltsville, MD USA. [Agarwal, Anant] Cree Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Temple, Victor] Silicon Power Corp, Clifton Pk, NY USA. RP O'Brien, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 260 EP + DI 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386306 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800048 ER PT B AU Agarwal, A Capell, C Zhang, Q Richmond, J Callanan, R O'Loughlin, M Burk, A Melcher, J Palmour, J Temple, V O'Brien, H Scozzie, CJ AF Agarwal, A. Capell, C. Zhang, Q. Richmond, J. Callanan, R. O'Loughlin, M. Burk, A. Melcher, J. Palmour, J. Temple, V. O'Brien, H. Scozzie, C. J. GP IEEE TI 9 kV, 1 cmx1 cm SiC SUPER GTO TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR PULSE POWER SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB Power devices made on Silicon Carbide (SiC) are expected to offer significant advantages over silicon due to the unique material properties. With the continuing improvement in both material quality (defect density and carrier lifetime) and SiC device fabrication process, SiC power devices are increasingly fabricated with higher blocking rating and larger die size. This paper describes the benefits of using SiC Gate Turn-Off thyristors (GTO) in power electronics, especially for pulse power applications, reviews the development history and the current state of the art, and outlines the future perspective for developing large area GTOs with high blocking voltage of > 10 kV. Experimental results for the state-of-the-art 9 kV, 1 cm(2) SiC GTOs are presented. Static and dynamic characteristics are described. A forward drop of 3.7 V at 100 A (100 A/cm(2)) is measured at 25 degrees C. A slight positive temperature coefficient of the forward drop is present at 300 A/cm(2) indicating the possibility of paralleling multiple devices for higher current capability. The device exhibits extremely low leakage currents at high temperatures. The turn-on delay is found to be a strong function of the gate current, cathode-anode current and voltage. A peak current of 12.8 kA conducted with a pulse width of 17.4 mu s indicating the superiority of the SiC GTOs for pulse power applications. C1 [Agarwal, A.; Capell, C.; Zhang, Q.; Richmond, J.; Callanan, R.; O'Loughlin, M.; Burk, A.; Melcher, J.; Palmour, J.] Cree Inc, 3026 E Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Temple, V.] Silicon Power Corp, Clifton Pk, NY 12065 USA. [O'Brien, H.; Scozzie, C. J.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Agarwal, A (reprint author), Cree Inc, 3026 E Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Anant_Agarwal@cree.com RI Melcher, Charles/E-9818-2012 OI Melcher, Charles/0000-0002-4586-4764 NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 264 EP + DI 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386305 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800049 ER PT B AU Ogunniyi, A O'Brien, H Scozzie, CJ Shaheen, W Temple, V AF Ogunniyi, A. O'Brien, H. Scozzie, C. J. Shaheen, W. Temple, V. GP IEEE TI DEVICE OPTIMIZATION AND PERFORMANCE OF 3.5 CM2 SILICON SGTO FOR ARMY APPLICATIONS SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has been investigating silicon super gate turn-off thyristors (SGTOs) for high action pulse switching necessary for Army survivability and lethality applications. The silicon SGTO designed by Silicon Power Corporation (SPCO) was evaluated to determine its repeatable pulse current capability at a 1 ms pulse width. The initial SGTO design was a 3.5 cm(2) chip rated for 4 kV forward blocking and 10 kA peak current at 10 mu s pulse width or 100 A continuous. The previous work by ARL on these switches reported repetitive peak current of 5 kA with a charge voltage of 4 kV. Additionally, the switches failed short at peak currents of 6 kA, with calculated action of 1.3 x 10(4) A(2) s at 5 kA. This work highlights the device optimization that SPCO has since made on the Si SGTO to improve the device pulsing performance. The latest Si SGTO evaluated maintains the same chip area and active area as the previous devices. Modification to the mask layout and the enhancement of the emitter design enables the latest Si SGTO to exhibit repeatable peak current of 5.5 kA (a 10% increase compared to the previous batch). The calculated action for the latest switches was 1.6 x 10(4) A(2)s at 5.5 kA. C1 [Ogunniyi, A.; O'Brien, H.; Scozzie, C. J.] USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD USA. [Shaheen, W.] Berkeley Res Assoc, Beltsville 6551, MD USA. [Temple, V.] SPCO, Clifton Pk, NY USA. RP Ogunniyi, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 270 EP + DI 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386304 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800050 ER PT B AU Young, A Neuber, A Elsayed, M Walter, J Dickens, J Kristiansen, M Altgilbers, LL AF Young, A. Neuber, A. Elsayed, M. Walter, J. Dickens, J. Kristiansen, M. Altgilbers, L. L. GP IEEE TI Stand-Alone, FCG-Driven High Power Microwave System SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB An explosively driven High Power Microwave (RPM) source has been developed that is based on the use of a Flux Compression Generator (FCG) as the primary driver. Four main components comprise the HPM system, and include a capacitor-based seed energy source, a dual-staged FCG, a power conditioning unit and an RPM diode (reflex-triode vircator). Volume constraints dictate that the entire system must fit within a tube having a 15 cm diameter, and a length no longer than 1.5 m. Additional design restrictions call for the entire system to be stand-alone (free from any external power sources). Presented here are the details of RPM system, with a description of each subcomponent and its role in the generation of RPM. Waveforms will be shown which illustrate the development of power as it commutates through each stage of the system, as well as power radiated from the diode. Analysis and comparisons will be offered that will demonstrate the advantages of an explosively driven HPM system over more conventional pulsed power devices. C1 [Young, A.; Neuber, A.; Elsayed, M.; Walter, J.; Dickens, J.; Kristiansen, M.] Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Pulsed Power & Power Elect, MS 43102, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Altgilbers, L. L.] US Army, SMDC, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Young, A (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Pulsed Power & Power Elect, MS 43102, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 292 EP + DI 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386301 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800055 ER PT B AU Elsayed, MA Neuber, AA Kristiansen, M Stults, A Altgilbers, L AF Elsayed, Mohamed A. Neuber, Andreas A. Kristiansen, M. Stults, Allen Altgilbers, Larry GP IEEE TI INTEGRATION OF A SELF-CONTAINED COMPACT SEED SOURCE AND TRIGGER SET FOR FLUX COMPRESSION GENERATORS SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB Two integral components that accompany an FCG in an explosively driven system is the prime power source and the trigger set. The objective of the prime power source or seed source is to provide the initial seed current/energy into the primary stage of an FCG. Another integral component in an FCG based pulsed power system is the trigger set. The trigger set is used to detonate an exploding bridge wire (EBW) which triggers the high explosives (HE's) in an FCG. This paper will discuss a recent design of a stand-alone apparatus that implements a self-contained (battery powered with full charge time less than 40 sec) [1], single use Compact Seed Source (CSS) using solid state components for the switching scheme along with a single-use Compact Trigger Set (CTS) that also implements a similar switching technique. The CSS and CTS stand-alone apparatus developed is a system (0.005-m(3) volume and weighing 3.9 kg) capable of delivering over 360-J (similar to 12 kA) into a 5.20-mu H FCG load and approximately 2-mJ (similar to 600 A) into the EBW. Both the CSS and CTS have trigger energies of micro-Joules at the TTL triggering level. C1 [Elsayed, Mohamed A.; Neuber, Andreas A.; Kristiansen, M.] Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Pulsed Power & Power Elect, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Stults, Allen] US Army, AMRDEC, Huntsville, AL 35808 USA. [Altgilbers, Larry] US Army, SMDC, Huntsville, AL 35808 USA. RP Elsayed, MA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Pulsed Power & Power Elect, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 297 EP + DI 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386300 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800056 ER PT B AU Shkuratov, SI Baird, J Talantsev, EF Altgilbers, LL AF Shkuratov, S. I. Baird, J. Talantsev, E. F. Altgilbers, L. L. GP IEEE TI DOMINANT ROLE OF THE EXPLOSIVELY EXPANDING ARMATURE ON THE INITIATION OF ELECTRIC DISCHARGE IN MAGNETIC FLUX COMPRESSION GENERATORS SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA ID PRIMARY POWER AB Electric discharge within the magnetic flux compression generator (FCG) is one of the energy losses mechanisms in the system. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate that the explosively expanding armature of the FCG plays a dominant role in the formation of plasma and initiation of electric discharge inside the FCG. C1 [Shkuratov, S. I.; Baird, J.] Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Talantsev, E. F.] Pulsed Power LLC, Lubbock 79416, TX USA. [Altgilbers, L. L.] US Army Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Shkuratov, SI (reprint author), Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM shkuratov@lokiconsult.com OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 305 EP + DI 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386298 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800058 ER PT B AU Shkuratov, SI Baird, J Antipov, VG Talantsev, EF Altgilbers, LL AF Shkuratov, S. I. Baird, J. Antipov, V. G. Talantsev, E. F. Altgilbers, L. L. GP IEEE TI CONDUCTIVITY OF EXPLOSIVELY SHOCKED POTASSIUM CHLORIDE SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB Results of experimental investigations of the electrical conductivity of explosively shocked polycrystalline and single crystal potassium chloride samples are presented. KCl polycrystalline samples (diameter D = 33.0 mm and thickness h = 10.0 mm) and KCl single crystals oriented in the < 100 > direction (D = 38.0 mm and h = 6.0 mm) were loaded by shock waves generated from high explosives. It follows from the experimental results that the resistance of KCl single crystals is reduced to 10(-4) Omega.cm due to the explosive shock compression. C1 [Shkuratov, S. I.; Baird, J.; Antipov, V. G.] Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Talantsev, E. F.] Pulsed Power LLC, Lubbock, TX 79416 USA. [Altgilbers, L. L.] US Army Space & Missile Def Command, Army Strateg, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Shkuratov, SI (reprint author), Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM shkuratov@lokiconsult.com OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 311 EP + DI 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386297 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800059 ER PT B AU Zirnheld, JL Burke, KM Olabisi, S Campbell, J Moore, H Singh, D AF Zirnheld, Jennifer L. Burke, Kevin M. Olabisi, Shola Campbell, Jahmil Moore, Harry Singh, Dave GP IEEE TI METHODS TO INCREASE ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN THRESHOLD OF POLYSTYRENE INSULATORS SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA ID SURFACE FLASHOVER; VACUUM AB This paper discusses experimental studies conducted to determine the effects of methods used to increase the electrical stress limit of polystyrene dielectric samples. Surfaces of samples were laser annealed to create a more uniform surface and decrease voids where charge may accumulate. Geometry of the dielectric samples were considered with the aim of reducing electric field intensity at the triple point formed by the cathode, dielectric, and ambient environment, which in the presence of a strong electric field can become a source for electron emission. The dielectric samples were subjected to high voltage stress via a custom built partial discharge analyzer (PDA) capable of delivering 40 kVac, 20 kVdc or ac superimposed on dc. Preliminary results have shown that annealing of the surface has increased the hold-off voltage of the dielectric samples in comparison to benchmark samples that were not annealed. Studies have shown that reduction of the electric field intensity at the triple point can increase the voltage at which secondary electron emission avalanche initiates, which is widely agreed upon as the process preceding the onset of surface flashover. Experimental results are discussed and related to factors of interest including electric field intensity at the triple point, flashover hold off voltage and correlation with methods applied. C1 [Zirnheld, Jennifer L.; Burke, Kevin M.; Olabisi, Shola; Campbell, Jahmil] SUNY Buffalo, Energy Syst Inst, 312 Bonner Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Moore, Harry; Singh, Dave] US Army RDECOM, ARDEC Adv Energy Armament Syst Ctr, Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Zirnheld, JL (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Energy Syst Inst, 312 Bonner Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. FU AMBP Tech Corporation through a grant from the US Army ARDEC/Picatinny Arsenal. FX Original effort sponsored by AMBP Tech Corporation through a grant from the US Army ARDEC/Picatinny Arsenal. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpr eted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the AMBP Tech Corporation NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 415 EP + DI 10.1109/PPC.2009.5386280 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800079 ER PT B AU O'Brien, H Ogunniyi, A Scozzie, CJ Shaheen, W Temple, V AF O'Brien, Heather Ogunniyi, Aderinto Scozzie, Charles J. Shaheen, William Temple, Victor GP IEEE TI SILICON DIODE EVALUATED AS RECTIFIER FOR WIDE-PULSE SWITCHING APPLICATIONS SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB Silicon diode chips ("S-diodes") designed by Silicon Power Corporation were explored as a more power-dense, lighter-weight replacement for traditional hockey-puk diodes in pulse switching applications. The 3.5 cm S-diode has the same area as Silicon Power's Super-GTO chip with reverse blocking capability above 6 kV. The diodes evaluated in this study were individually packaged at Silicon Power, then statically characterized and pulsed at the Army Research Laboratory. In series with the SGTO, the diode was pulsed with a half-sine shaped current of 5.5 kA with a pulse width of 1 ms. The action was calculated to be 1.6 x 10(4) A(2)s with a peak power of about 55 kW. The diode was also utilized in a crowbar configuration, clamping negative current ringing from the circuit's inductance. In this function, the diode blocked 4.5 kV DC and then conducted 2.0 kA. Several diodes were individually pulsed in the circuit for 1000 shots at this level without increasing forward drop or reverse leakage, demonstrating feasibility for use in high-voltage, wide-pulse power systems. C1 [O'Brien, Heather; Ogunniyi, Aderinto; Scozzie, Charles J.] USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Shaheen, William] Berkeley Res Assoc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Temple, Victor] Silicon Power Corp, Clifton Pk, NY 12065 USA. RP O'Brien, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 624 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800123 ER PT B AU Ogunniyi, A O'Brien, H Scozzie, CJ Shaheen, W Temple, V AF Ogunniyi, A. O'Brien, H. Scozzie, C. J. Shaheen, W. Temple, V. GP IEEE TI DEVICE OPTIMIZATION AND PERFORMANCE OF 3.5 CM2 SILICON SGTO FOR ARMY APPLICATIONS SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has been investigating silicon super gate turn-off thyristors (SGTOs) for high action pulse switching necessary for Army survivability and lethality applications. The silicon SGTO designed by Silicon Power Corporation (SPCO) was evaluated to determine its repeatable pulse current capability at a 1 ms pulse width. The initial SGTO design was a 3.5 cm(2) chip rated for 4 kV forward blocking and 10 kA peak current at 10 us pulse width or 100 A continuous. The previous work by ARL on these switches reported repetitive peak current of 5 kA with a charge voltage of 4 kV. Additionally, the switches failed short at peak currents of 6 kA, with calculated action of 1.3 x 10(4) A(2) s at 5 kA. This work highlights the device optimization that SPCO has since made on the Si SGTO to improve the device pulsing performance. The latest Si SGTO evaluated maintains the same chip area and active area as the previous devices. Modification to the mask layout and the enhancement of the emitter design enables the latest Si SGTO to exhibit repeatable peak current of 5.5 kA (a 10% increase compared to the previous batch). The calculated action for the latest switches was 1.6 x 10(4) A(2)s at 5.5 kA. C1 [Ogunniyi, A.; O'Brien, H.; Scozzie, C. J.] USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD USA. [Shaheen, W.] Berkeley Res Assoc, Beltsville, MD USA. [Temple, V.] Silicon Power Corp SPCO, Clifton Pk, NY USA. RP Ogunniyi, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 666 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800131 ER PT B AU MacDougall, F Ennis, J Yang, XH Cooper, RA Gilbert, JE Bates, JF Naruo, C Schneider, M Keller, N Joshi, S Jow, TR Ho, J Scozzie, CJ Yen, SPS AF MacDougall, Fred Ennis, Joel Yang, Xiao Hui (Chip) Cooper, Robert A. Gilbert, John E. Bates, John F. Naruo, Chip Schneider, Mark Keller, Nathan Joshi, Shama Jow, T. Richard Ho, Janet Scozzie, C. J. (Skip) Yen, S. P. S. (Elizabeth) GP IEEE TI HIGH ENERGY DENSITY CAPACITORS FOR PULSED POWER APPLICATIONS SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB The improvement in the performance of high energy density capacitors used in pulsed power has accelerated over the past few years. This has resulted from increased research sponsored by the US Army Research Laboratory, in support of the US Military's needs. The capacitor development effort will be discussed as well as the results of both short term and long term testing of a new generation of high energy density capacitors. C1 [MacDougall, Fred; Ennis, Joel; Yang, Xiao Hui (Chip); Cooper, Robert A.; Gilbert, John E.; Bates, John F.; Naruo, Chip; Schneider, Mark; Keller, Nathan; Joshi, Shama] Gen Atom Elect Syst Inc, 4949 Greencraig Lane, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. [Jow, T. Richard; Ho, Janet; Scozzie, C. J. (Skip)] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Yen, S. P. S. (Elizabeth)] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP MacDougall, F (reprint author), Gen Atom Elect Syst Inc, 4949 Greencraig Lane, San Diego, CA 92123 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [W911QX-04-D-0003] FX Portions of the research reported in this document/presentation was performed in connection with contract W911QX-04-D-0003 with the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 771 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800152 ER PT B AU Jankowski, NR McCluskey, FP AF Jankowski, N. R. McCluskey, F. P. GP IEEE TI MODELING TRANSIENT THERMAL RESPONSE OF PULSED POWER ELECTRONIC PACKAGES SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA ID ELECTROTHERMAL SIMULATION AB Steady-state power conversion applications have benefited from numerous packaging and cooling improvements, and there has been a push to apply the same techniques to pulsed power electronic systems and devices. However, the unique aspects of pulsed systems create a trade-off between high package thermal capacity for mitigating rapid temperature rise and low thermal resistance for rapid heat rejection. This report details a numerical study of several electronics packages with varying levels of cooling integration. Using Finite Element equivalent thermal circuit models to perform transient simulations of the packages, the effect of convective improvement and a reduced thermal path upon junction temperature response was examined. Results showed that while a reduced thermal stack and high convection rate speeds the return to steady state after a pulse, the ability for improved convection to mitigate junction temperature rise diminishes significantly as pulse widths approach the thermal time constant of the package. In addition, the reduced thermal capacity of the integrated packages causes them to exhibit higher junction temperature rise and larger temperature swings than basic, non-integrated packages for certain pulse conditions. The worst case examined showed a direct die-cooling package exhibit a 3x increase in peak temperature and a 5x increase in pulse-to-pulse temperature swing over a standard, non-integrated package. C1 [Jankowski, N. R.] USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Jankowski, N. R.; McCluskey, F. P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Engn Mech, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Jankowski, NR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 817 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800161 ER PT B AU Korn, J Neuber, A Young, A Davis, C Kristiansen, M Altgilbers, LL AF Korn, J. Neuber, A. Young, A. Davis, C. Kristiansen, M. Altgilbers, L. L. GP IEEE TI Design of a Compact Power Conditioning Unit for use with an Explosively Driven High Power Microwave System SO 2009 IEEE PULSED POWER CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE, POWEREX, TECH X, Gen Atom Elect Syst, HVR, Silicon Power, Stangenes Ind, Appl Energet, ABB, SBE, ULTRAVOLT, Barth Elect, pulsetech, TDK LAMBDA, Kumamoto Univ, Diversified Technologies, CKE, HVCA AB The generation of high power microwaves using explosively driven pulsed power is of particular interest to the defense community. The high energy density of explosives provides the opportunity to design pulsed power systems which occupy significantly less volume, yet provide the same output power, as traditional methods of High Power Microwave (HPM) production. Utilizing a Flux Compression Generator (FCG) as explosive driver necessitates introducing an intermediate Power Conditioning System (PCS) that addresses the typical impedance mismatch between FCG and HPM source. The presented PCS is composed of an energy storage inductor, an opening fuse switch and a self-break peaking gap all of which needed to fit within an envelope of 15 cm diameter. Currents in the tens of kilo-amperes and voltages in the hundreds of kilo-volts have to be handled by the PCS. The design of the system, which takes up less than 11 liters of volume, as well its performance into a 20 Omega resistive load (used to approximate the operating impedance of certain HPM sources) is presented. Approximately 6 GW of electrical peak power was delivered to the load. C1 [Korn, J.; Neuber, A.; Young, A.; Davis, C.; Kristiansen, M.] Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Pulsed Power & Power Elect, MS 43102, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Altgilbers, L. L.] US Army, SMDC, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Korn, J (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Ctr Pulsed Power & Power Elect, MS 43102, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4064-1 PY 2009 BP 944 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BPZ37 UT WOS:000280423800186 ER PT S AU Darwish, AM Bayba, A Hung, HA AF Darwish, Ali M. Bayba, Andrew Hung, H. Alfred GP IEEE TI Closed Form Expression for Thermal Resistance of a FET Structure SO 2009 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2009 IEEE Radar Conference CY MAY 04-08, 2009 CL Pasadena, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Coastal, Los Angeles Sect, JPL, GRSS, MTT S, aess ID TRANSISTORS AB Radar systems frequently place high RF output power demands on power amplifiers. High power amplification leads to increased heat dissipation in the devices which, in turn, leads to increased operating temperature. Knowing the operating tempterature of these devices is of great interest because it significantly affects both their reliability and performance. In fact, the accurate determination (within a few percent) of the junction temperature in FETs and MMICs is critical for reliability assessment. This paper presents an original closed-form expression for determination of the thermal resistance of an FET device. It is based on the thermal resistance of a cylinder between two ground planes and it covers a wide range of practical gate lengths, and substrate thicknesses. The approach provides an assessment of the junction temperature of the device which will be a benefit to MMIC designers, packaging engineers and system designers. C1 [Darwish, Ali M.; Bayba, Andrew; Hung, H. Alfred] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Darwish, AM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4244-2870-0 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2009 BP 512 EP 515 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKN77 UT WOS:000268721800104 ER PT S AU Zaghloul, AI Weiss, SJ Anthony, TK AF Zaghloul, Amir I. Weiss, Steven J. Anthony, Theodore K. GP IEEE TI Characterization of a 76 GHz Antenna for Personnel Avoidance Radar for Robotics Vehicles SO 2009 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2009 IEEE Radar Conference CY MAY 04-08, 2009 CL Pasadena, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Coastal, Los Angeles Sect, JPL, GRSS, MTT S, aess AB A radar system for robotic vehicles has been developed for collision avoidance. A major component of the system is an antenna that has a narrow beam in azimuth and a broad beam in elevation with very low side-lobes. This paper presents the design and characterization of the antenna that operates at around 76 GHz. The high operating frequency required a special set up for the measurements of the antenna performance. The antenna is designed as an array of pyramidal horns fed with an E-plane waveguide power divider that produces the required aperture taper for low side-lobes. C1 [Zaghloul, Amir I.; Weiss, Steven J.; Anthony, Theodore K.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Zaghloul, AI (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM amir.zaghloul@arl.army.mil; sweiss@arl.army.mil; tanthony@arl.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-4244-2870-0 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2009 BP 633 EP 638 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BKN77 UT WOS:000268721800128 ER PT B AU Trautmann, E Ray, L Lever, J AF Trautmann, Eric Ray, Laura Lever, Jim GP IEEE TI Development of an Autonomous Robot for Ground Penetrating Surveys of Polar Ice SO 2009 IEEE-RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems CY OCT 10-15, 2009 CL St Louis, MO SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc (RA), Robot Soc Japan (RSJ), Soc Instruments & Control Engn, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Inst Control, Robot & Syst Korea, ABB, Barrett Technol, Inc, Willow Garage, ROBOTIS, Aldebaran Robot AB This paper describes the design and fabrication of a low cost, battery-powered mobile robot for ground penetrating radar surveys in support of Polar science and logistics. Key features of the design include lightweight construction for low resistance and high energy efficiency in deformable terrain; a passive, articulated chassis for high mobility; and design simplicity for low cost. Deployment in Greenland in spring 2008 over crevasse fields demonstrated the ability of the robot to traverse rough terrain characterized by both firm and soft snow, while gathering data from a ground penetrating radar to detect crevasses. A simple navigation and control algorithm provides low-bandwidth path planning and course correction. Mobility assessment during deployment highlights the need for non-visual means of assessing mobility autonomously. A proprioceptive sensor suite and sample data for autonomous detection of terrain traversability are described. C1 [Trautmann, Eric] Dartmouth Thayer Sch Engn, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. [Ray, Laura] Dartmouth Coll, Mech Engn & Robot, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Lever, Jim] US Army, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Trautmann, E (reprint author), Dartmouth Thayer Sch Engn, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. EM etrautmann@dartmouth.edu; laura.ray@dartmouth.edu; James.H.Lever@erdc.usace.army.mil FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory [RSA1310519]; Army Research Office [W911NF-06-1-0153]; National Science Foundation; U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory FX This work was supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory under Grant No. RSA1310519, the Army Research Office under contract No. W911NF- 06-1-0153, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3803-7 PY 2009 BP 1685 EP 1690 DI 10.1109/IROS.2009.5354290 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BSQ11 UT WOS:000285372900277 ER PT B AU Fields, M Haas, E Hill, S Stachowiak, C Barnes, L AF Fields, MaryAnne Haas, Ellen Hill, Susan Stachowiak, Christopher Barnes, Laura GP IEEE TI Effective Robot Team Control Methodologies for Battlefield Applications SO 2009 IEEE-RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems CY OCT 10-15, 2009 CL St Louis, MO SP IEEE Robot & Automat Soc (RA), Robot Soc Japan (RSJ), Soc Instruments & Control Engn, IEEE Ind Elect Soc, Inst Control, Robot & Syst Korea, ABB, Barrett Technol, Inc, Willow Garage, ROBOTIS, Aldebaran Robot ID SLIDING-MODE CONTROL; ARTIFICIAL POTENTIALS AB In this paper, we present algorithms and display concepts that allow Soldiers to efficiently interact with a robotic swarm that is participating in a representative convoy mission. A critical aspect of swarm control, especially in disrupted or degraded conditions, is Soldier-swarm interaction-the Soldier must be kept cognizant of swarm operations through an interface that allows him or her to monitor status and/or institute corrective actions. We provide a control method for the swarm that adapts easily to changing battlefield conditions, metrics and supervisory algorithms that enable swarm members to economically monitor changes in swarm status as they execute the mission, and display concepts that can efficiently and effectively communicate swarm status to Soldiers in challenging battlefield environments. C1 [Fields, MaryAnne; Haas, Ellen; Hill, Susan; Stachowiak, Christopher] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. [Barnes, Laura] Univ Texas Arlington, Automat & Robot Inst, Arlington 76118, TX USA. RP Fields, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. EM maryanne.fields@us.army.mil; ellen.haas@us.army.mil; susan.hill@us.army.mil; christopher.stachowiak@us.army.mil; lbarnes@arri.uta.edu FU U.S Army Research Laboratory under an internal Director's Research Initiative FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under an internal Director's Research Initiative grant. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3803-7 PY 2009 BP 5862 EP + DI 10.1109/IROS.2009.5354188 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BSQ11 UT WOS:000285372903119 ER PT B AU Zhang, P Yao, YD Fajanda, E Moore, H Singh, H AF Zhang, Peng Yao, Yu-Dong Fajanda, Erum Moore, Harry Singh, Hardev GP IEEE TI Impacts of Different Arm Structures of Reflector IRA: Wire, Coplanar Plate, and Bi-conical Arms SO 2009 IEEE SARNOFF SYMPOSIUM, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE IEEE Sarnoff Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Sarnoff Symposium CY MAR 30-APR 01, 2009 CL Princeton, NJ SP IEEE, MTT S, Electron Devices Soc, Princeton Univ, IEEE Commun Soc, IEEE LEOS, APS ID RADIATING ANTENNA IRA; IMPULSE AB Impulse radiating antennas (IRAs) are designed for radiating high voltage electromagnetic pulses. A four-arm parabolic reflector IRA is one of the most widly used IRAs for its strong boresight radiation field and high directivity. This paper investigates IRA models using software simulation developed based on the Method of Moment (MoM). The models are validated through comparisons with available theoretical and measurement results. Based on the IRA models, three types of radiation arm structures, wire, coplanar plate and bi-conical, are studied. This is to exam the impact of the radiation arm structures on the reflector IRAs. The results indicate that the coplanar plate arm IRA provides better antenna gain and radiation field performance in the frequency and time domain than the wire arm IRA, and the bi-conical arm IRA, similarly, performs better than the coplanar plate arm IRA. C1 [Zhang, Peng; Yao, Yu-Dong; Fajanda, Erum] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Moore, Harry; Singh, Hardev] US Army ARDEC, AMSRD AAR MEM, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM dzheng@stevens.edu; yu-dong.yao@stevens.edu; harry.l.moore@us.army.mil; hardev.singh@us.army.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3381-0 J9 IEEE SARNOFF SYMPOS PY 2009 BP 476 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BLS48 UT WOS:000270940400091 ER PT B AU Goodin, C Kala, R Carrrillo, A Liu, LY AF Goodin, Chris Kala, Raju Carrrillo, Alex Liu, Linda Y. GP IEEE TI Sensor Modeling for the Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment SO 2009 IEEE SENSORS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 25-28, 2009 CL Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND SP IEEE Sensors Council AB The Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment (VANE) is a high fidelity, physics-based simulation process that produces realistic simulated sensor output for use in the development and testing of Autonomous Mobility Systems (AMS). The VANE produces simulated sensor output for ranging and camera sensors that are characterized by a few easily determined input parameters. This flexibility allows for the efficient characterization of a sensor interaction with a particular AMS. This paper presents the development of these models and some initial results. C1 [Goodin, Chris; Kala, Raju; Carrrillo, Alex] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Liu, Linda Y.] MIT, Dept Engn Mech, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Goodin, C (reprint author), Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM christopher.t.goodin@usace.army.mil FU Director, Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, ERDC FX Permission to publish was granted by Director, Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, ERDC. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4548-6 PY 2009 BP 1588 EP + DI 10.1109/ICSENS.2009.5398491 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BPT80 UT WOS:000279891700347 ER PT B AU Edelstein, A Fischer, GA Burnette, JE Egelhoff, WE Cheng, SF AF Edelstein, Alan Fischer, Greg A. Burnette, James E. Egelhoff, William E., Jr. Cheng, Shu Fan GP IEEE TI Achieving 1/f Noise Reduction with the MEMS Flux Concentrator SO 2009 IEEE SENSORS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE Conference on Sensors CY OCT 25-28, 2009 CL Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND SP IEEE Sensors Council ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SENSORS AB Though magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with MgO barriers have magnetoresistance (MR) values as large as 400%, their usefulness as magnetic sensors at low frequencies is limited by 1/f noise. Here we present data showing that our device, the MEMS flux concentrator, does greatly decreases the problem of 1/f noise in magnetic sensors. The device has flux concentrators on MEMS structures that are driven to undergo oscillatory motion at their normal mode resonant frequencies. The motion of the flux concentrators increases the frequency of the field at the position of the sensor to 48 kHz where 1/f noise is much smaller. New modeling results of our recent design are a factor of 30 increase in the percentage of field modulation and a factor of 15 enhancement of the magnetic field. The new design features were using large, stationary flux concentrators that overlap smaller, moving flux concentrators and using the in phase normal mode. Sensors incorporating these features will be able to detect a few pT/Hz(1/2) at 1 Hz. C1 [Edelstein, Alan; Fischer, Greg A.; Burnette, James E.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Egelhoff, William E., Jr.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Cheng, Shu Fan] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Edelstein, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM Edelstein@arl.army.mil NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4548-6 PY 2009 BP 1852 EP + DI 10.1109/ICSENS.2009.5398411 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BPT80 UT WOS:000279891700406 ER PT B AU Khalil, G AF Khalil, Ghassan GP IEEE TI Challenges of Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Military Applications SO 2009 IEEE VEHICLE POWER AND PROPULSION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference VPPC LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC 09) CY SEP 07-11, 2009 CL Dearborn, MI SP IEEE DE Hybrid electric vehicle; military applications; challenges AB Hybrid electric vehicles are steadily coming to fruition in the commercial market due to their proven benefits in fuel economy and lower emission of pollutants. For military vehicles, the drivers for hybrid electric vehicles are quite different; although the fuel economy remains a desirable feature for both the commercial and military sectors. The military needs for hybrid electric reside in their ability to generate significant level of electric power onboard the vehicles to meet the demand of the warfighter thus expanding his mission capabilities in terms of mobility, survivability and lethality. The Army recognizes the payoffs of hybrid electric propulsion for tactical and combat vehicles. However, the fielding of hybrid electric military vehicles has been much slower than the commercial vehicles due to the technical challenges that must be overcome before the hybrid technology can be considered viable for military applications. This paper describes some of the challenges and the proposed solutions and their state of development and future trends. C1 USA, TARDEC, AMSRD TR R, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Khalil, G (reprint author), USA, TARDEC, AMSRD TR R, MS 121,6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM gus.khalil@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2600-3 J9 IEEE VEHICLE POWER PY 2009 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1109/VPPC.2009.5289878 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BPT91 UT WOS:000279924000001 ER PT S AU Rahman, MA Masrur, MA AF Rahman, M. A. Masrur, M. A. GP IEEE TI Advances on IPM Technology for Hybrid Electric Vehicles SO 2009 IEEE VEHICLE POWER AND PROPULSION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC 09) CY SEP 07-11, 2009 CL Dearborn, MI SP IEEE ID MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS; ROTOR POSITION ESTIMATION; COGGING TORQUE; PERMANENT; DRIVES; CONTROLLER; DESIGN; PERFORMANCE AB The past thirty years have been an exciting period with tremendous advances in the development of interior permanent magnet (IPM) electrical machines. Over the course of this period, interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSM) have expanded their presence in the commercial marketplace from few specialized niche markets such as machine tools, air conditioner compressors, servo drives to mass-produced applications, including high-efficiency electric traction drives for the latest generation of hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV). Power ratings of available IPM motor drives have dramatically expanded by approximately three orders of magnitude during this period, now reaching power levels up to 1 MW ratings. Closer examination reveals that several different knowledge-based technological advancements and market forces have combined, sometimes in fortuitous ways, to accelerate the development of the impressive IPMSM drives technology that we find available today. The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad explanation of the various factors that lead to the current state-of-the-art IPM technology, and to illustrate its application success in the commercial sector, including automotive industry. C1 [Rahman, M. A.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, St John, NF A1B 3X5, Canada. [Masrur, M. A.] US Army, Arlington, VA USA. RP Rahman, MA (reprint author), Mem Univ Newfoundland, St John, NF A1B 3X5, Canada. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1938-8756 BN 978-1-4244-2600-3 J9 IEEE VEHICLE POWER PY 2009 BP 84 EP 89 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BPT91 UT WOS:000279924000015 ER PT S AU Duan, DL Qu, FZ Yang, LQ Swami, A Principe, JC AF Duan, Dongliang Qu, Fengzhong Yang, Liuqing Swami, Ananthram Principe, Jose C. GP IEEE TI Modulation Selection from a Battery Power Efficiency Perspective: A Case Study of PPM and OOK SO 2009 IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & NETWORKING CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference CY APR 05-08, 2009 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP IEEE ID SENSOR NETWORKS AB Sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are often expected to operate on batteries for a long period of time. Battery power efficiency (BPE) is therefore a critical factor dictating the lifetime of WSNs. In this paper, we aim to select the appropriate modulation scheme from a battery power efficiency perspective. Pulse position modulation (PPM) and on-off keying (OOK), as low-complexity pulse-based modulation schemes, are used for a case study of our methodology. The analysis is based on a general model that integrates typical WSN transmission and reception modules with a realistic nonlinear battery model. We first present the quantitative comparison results under general system design criteria. Then, we illustrate the comparisons with theoretical and numerical results under the bit error rate (BER) system design criterion. C1 [Duan, Dongliang; Qu, Fengzhong; Yang, Liuqing; Principe, Jose C.] Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Duan, DL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. EM ddl85@ufl.edu; jimqufz@ufl.edu; lqyang@ece.ufl.edu; a.swami@ieee.org; principe@cnel.ufl.edu RI Qu, Fengzhong/I-5189-2014 OI Qu, Fengzhong/0000-0003-2006-0951 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0868]; Army Research Office [W911NF-07-D-0001] FX This work is in part supported by Office of Naval Research under grant #N00014-07-1-0868, and Army Research Office under Contract #W911NF-07-D-0001 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1525-3511 BN 978-1-4244-2947-9 J9 IEEE WCNC PY 2009 BP 243 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BME98 UT WOS:000272057700044 ER PT B AU Hsieh, G Foster, K Emamali, G Patrick, G Marvel, L AF Hsieh, George Foster, Keith Emamali, Gerald Patrick, Gregory Marvel, Lisa GP IEEE TI Using XACML for Embedded and Fine-Grained Access Control Policy SO 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AVAILABILITY, RELIABILITY, AND SECURITY (ARES), VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security CY MAR 16-19, 2009 CL Fukuoka Inst Technol, Fukuoka, JAPAN HO Fukuoka Inst Technol AB XACML (eXtensible Access Control Markup Language) is an access control policy language standardized by the OASIS (Organization for Advancement of Structured Information Standards). We have extended the standard XACML languages and processing models to allow the access control policies be embedded with digital content in the same XACML-like document. The original content can be further divided into multiple parts, each of which is encapsulated by its own XACML. statements that specify the access control policy specific to this part, such that different policies can be applied to and enforced for different parts of the digital content. These embedded and fine-grained access control policy capabilities can be used to facilitate the protection, management and sharing of information no matter where the information resides. We have also developed an initial prototype of this XACML based mechanism for proof-of-concept purpose. C1 [Hsieh, George; Foster, Keith; Emamali, Gerald; Patrick, Gregory] Norfolk State Univ, 700 Pk Ave, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. [Marvel, Lisa] U S Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Hsieh, G (reprint author), Norfolk State Univ, 700 Pk Ave, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA. EM ghsieh@nsu.edu FU Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-05-2-0036] FX This research was sponsored in part by the Army Research Laboratory and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement Number W911NF-05-2-0036. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S.Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3572-2 PY 2009 BP 462 EP + DI 10.1109/ARES.2009.102 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BLN85 UT WOS:000270612000063 ER PT S AU Pothare, S Akturk, A Goldsman, N Lelis, A Dha, S Ryu, SH Agarwal, A AF Pothare, Siddharth Akturk, Akin Goldsman, Neil Lelis, Aivars Dha, Sarit Ryu, Sei-Hyung Agarwal, Anant GP IEEE TI Modeling the Effect of Conduction Band Density of States on Interface Trap Occupation and its Influence on 4H-SiC MOSFET Performance SO 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIMULATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSES AND DEVICES SE International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices CY SEP 09-11, 2009 CL San Diego, CA DE 4H-SiC MOSFET; DFT-DOS; interface traps; current degradation AB Interface traps play a crucial role in determining total mobile charge available for conduction and also in determining low field mobility in 4H-SiC MOSFETs. They are important in determining current and transconductance in these devices. Accurate calculation of the interface trap density is essential for characterization of transport in 4H-SiC MOS devices. Typical conduction band edge density of states for traps can reach values comparable to electron states in the conduction band. Therefore, it is necessary to include traps located in the conduction band while calculating occupied trap densities. Using DOS calculated by DFT method, we show that trap and electron DOS are comparable up to 200meV inside the conduction band, and use this to calculate occupied trap densities and currents for 4H-SiC MOSFETs. Validation of this occupation model is achieved by excellent comparison of simulated and measured current-voltage characteristics for MOSFETs with a wide range of channel doping values. C1 [Pothare, Siddharth; Akturk, Akin; Goldsman, Neil] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lelis, Aivars] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Dha, Sarit; Ryu, Sei-Hyung; Agarwal, Anant] Cree Inc, East Cornwallis, NC 3206 USA. RP Pothare, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM potbhare@umd.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1946-1569 BN 978-1-4244-3948-5 J9 INT CONF SIM SEMI PR PY 2009 BP 151 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BON92 UT WOS:000277103100036 ER PT B AU Li, Y Wang, N Zhang, CY Perkins, EJ Gong, P AF Li, Ying Wang, Nan Zhang, Chaoyang Perkins, Edward J. Gong, Ping BE Zhang, J Li, GZ Yang, JY TI Discovery of Biomarker Genes from Earthworm Microarray Data by Discriminant Analysis and Clustering SO 2009 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS, SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND INTELLIGENT COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Joint Conference on Bioinformatics, Systems Biology and Intelligent Computing CY AUG 03-05, 2009 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Computer Soc, Conf Publish Serv DE Biomarker; Classification; Decision tree; Support vector machine; Clustering; Earthworm Microarray ID CANCER CLASSIFICATION; EISENIA-FOETIDA AB Monitoring, assessment and prediction of environmental risks that chemicals pose demand rapid and accurate diagnostic assays. One important goal of microarray experiments is to discover novel biomarkers for toxicity evaluation. A variety of toxicological effects have been associated with explosive compounds 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 1,3.5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX). Here we developed a discriminant analysis and cluster (DAC) pipeline to analyze a 248-array dataset with 15,208 non-redundant earthworm (Eisenia fetida) gene probes on each array. Our objective was to identify biomarker genes that can separate earthworm samples into three groups: control (untreated), TNT-treated, and RDX-treated. First, the class comparison statistical algorithm implemented in BRB-ArrayTools was used to infer a total of 869 genes that significantly changed relative to controls as a result of exposure to TNT or RDX at various concentrations for 4 or 14 days. Then, nine tree-based supervised machine learning algorithms were applied to generate classification rules and a set of 286 classifier genes. These classifier genes were ranked by their overall weight of significance in the nine classification methods, and were used to build support vector machines (SVM). A SVM containing all 286 classifier genes had the highest classification accuracy (91.5%). Results of unsupervised clustering show that the use of the top 100 classifier genes can assign the largest number of the 248 worm samples into the three reference clusters obtained by using all the 14,188 filtered genes, suggesting that these top-ranked genes may be potential candidates for biomarkers. This study demonstrates that the DAC pipeline can be used to identify a small set of biomarker genes from high dimensional datasets and generate a reliable SVM classification model for multiple classes. C1 [Li, Ying; Wang, Nan; Zhang, Chaoyang] Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39401 USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Gong, Ping] SpecPro Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Li, Y (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39401 USA. EM ping.gong@erdc.usace.army.mil FU U.S. Army Environmental Quality Technology Research Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Environmental Quality Technology Research Program. Permission to publish this information was granted by the Chief of Engineers. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-0-7695-3739-9 PY 2009 BP 23 EP + DI 10.1109/IJCBS.2009.134 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BRI88 UT WOS:000282797800004 ER PT B AU Chaitankar, V Mang, CY Ghosh, P Perkins, EJ Gong, P Deng, YP AF Chaitankar, Vijender Mang, Chaoyang Ghosh, Preetam Perkins, Edward J. Gong, Ping Deng, Youping BE Zhang, J Li, GZ Yang, JY TI Gene Regulatory Network Inference Using Predictive Minimum Description Length Principle and Conditional Mutual Information SO 2009 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS, SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND INTELLIGENT COMPUTING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Joint Conference on Bioinformatics, Systems Biology and Intelligent Computing CY AUG 03-05, 2009 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Computer Soc, Conf Publish Serv AB Inferring gene regulatory networks using information theory models have received much attention due to their simplicity and low computational costs. One of the major problems with information theory models is to determine the threshold which defines the regulatory relationships between genes. The minimum description length (MDL) has been used to overcome this problem. We propose an inference algorithm which incorporates mutual information (MI), conditional mutual information (CMI) and predictive minimum description length (PMDL) principles to infer gene regulatory networks from microarray data. The information theoretic quantities MI and CMI determine the regulatory relationships between genes and the PMDL principle determines the MI threshold. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on random synthetic networks, and the results show that the PMDL principle is a good choice to determine the MI threshold. C1 [Chaitankar, Vijender; Mang, Chaoyang; Ghosh, Preetam] Univ Southern Miss, Sch Comp, Hattiesburg, MS 39401 USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] US Army, ERDC, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Gong, Ping; Deng, Youping] SpecPro Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Chaitankar, V (reprint author), Univ Southern Miss, Sch Comp, Hattiesburg, MS 39401 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-0-7695-3739-9 PY 2009 BP 487 EP + DI 10.1109/IJCBS.2009.133 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA BRI88 UT WOS:000282797800086 ER PT S AU Ballato, A AF Ballato, Arthur GP IEEE TI Poisson's Ratios of Technological Materials SO 2009 JOINT MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN FREQUENCY AND TIME FORUM AND THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the 23rd European Frequency and Time Forum/IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium CY APR 20-24, 2009 CL Besancon, FRANCE SP Conseil Reg Franche Comte, Ville Besancon, NIST, IEEE, UFFC Soc, Jet Propuls Lab, Symmetricom, OEwaves, Vectron, Conseil Gen Doubs, Communaute Agglomerat Grand Besancon, Univ Franche Comte, Minist Rech & Enseignement Superieur, Soc Francaise Microtech & Chronometrie, Frequency Elect ID CUBIC MATERIALS; YOUNGS MODULUS; SHEAR MODULUS; CRYSTALS; VIBRATIONS; PLATES AB Poisson's ratio (PR), the relation between lateral contraction of an elastic rod when subjected to a longitudinal extension, has a long and interesting history. For isotropic bodies, it can theoretically range from + 1/2 to - 1; the experimental gamut for anisotropic materials is even larger. For the vast majority of materials the PR is positive for all combinations of directions. But as far back as the 1800s, Voigt and others found that for some materials negative values were encountered. Negative PR (nPR) values remained for man), years merely a curiosity, but more recently some of the interesting technological consequences have come to he recognized [1-3]. Some of the counterintuitive acoustic possibilities of nPRs are analogous, in a certain fashion, to those arising with negative refraction electromagnetic materials [4]. Even when a material does not have nPR properties, if it is piezoelectric, then the PR can be altered, sometimes by, appreciable amounts, by changing the electrical boundary conditions [5-6]. We review Poisson's ratio in crystals, describing technologically important materials that have small, or negative PRs. Potential applications of the nPR property are also mentioned. C1 USA, Commun Elect RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM a.ballato@IEEE.org NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-4244-3511-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2009 BP 150 EP 154 DI 10.1109/FREQ.2009.5168159 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BNK79 UT WOS:000274814900029 ER PT S AU Levy, E Horowitz, M Okusaga, O Menyuk, C Carter, G Zhou, WM AF Levy, Etgar Horowitz, Moshe Okusaga, Olukayode Menyuk, Curtis Carter, Gary Zhou, Weimin GP IEEE TI Study of dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators SO 2009 JOINT MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN FREQUENCY AND TIME FORUM AND THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the 23rd European Frequency and Time Forum/IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium CY APR 20-24, 2009 CL Besancon, FRANCE SP Conseil Reg Franche Comte, Ville Besancon, NIST, IEEE, UFFC Soc, Jet Propuls Lab, Symmetricom, OEwaves, Vectron, Conseil Gen Doubs, Communaute Agglomerat Grand Besancon, Univ Franche Comte, Minist Rech & Enseignement Superieur, Soc Francaise Microtech & Chronometrie, Frequency Elect ID PHASE-NOISE AB Dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators are used to obtain high-frequency harmonic signal with a very low phase noise while maintaining very low spurs. However, the fundamental limits of these devices are not known. Therefore, it is essential to develop theoretical models to improve the performance of dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) and in particular the performance of the dual-injection-locked optoelectronic oscillator (DIL-OEO). In this work we use a multi-time scale approach to model dual-loop OEOs. The model enables calculating the phase noise and the spurs level for an arbitrary coupling strength between the two locked OEOs. A good quantitative agreement between theory and experiments is obtained for the DIL-OEO. C1 [Levy, Etgar; Horowitz, Moshe] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Haifa, Israel. [Okusaga, Olukayode; Menyuk, Curtis; Carter, Gary] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zhou, Weimin] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Levy, E (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Haifa, Israel. EM etgarlevy@gmail.com FU DARPA MTO FX This work is supported by DARPA MTO NR 5 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-4244-3511-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2009 BP 505 EP + DI 10.1109/FREQ.2009.5168231 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BNK79 UT WOS:000274814900101 ER PT S AU Ballato, A AF Ballato, Arthur GP IEEE TI MEMS Viscosity Sensor SO 2009 JOINT MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN FREQUENCY AND TIME FORUM AND THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the 23rd European Frequency and Time Forum/IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium CY APR 20-24, 2009 CL Besancon, FRANCE SP Conseil Reg Franche Comte, Ville Besancon, NIST, IEEE, UFFC Soc, Jet Propuls Lab, Symmetricom, OEwaves, Vectron, Conseil Gen Doubs, Communaute Agglomerat Grand Besancon, Univ Franche Comte, Minist Rech & Enseignement Superieur, Soc Francaise Microtech & Chronometrie, Frequency Elect ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; RESONATOR; LIQUIDS AB Quartz shear resonators are employed widely as sensors to measure Newtonian viscosities of liquids. Perturbation of the electrical equivalent circuit parameters of the plate resonator by the fluid loading permits calculation of the mass density - shear viscosity product. Use of doubly rotated resonators does permit additional information to be obtained, but in no case can the viscosity and mass density values be separated. In these measurements, the resonator surface is exposed to a measurand bath whose extent greatly exceeds the penetration depth of the evanescent shear mode excited by the active element. Here we discuss the more complicated situation where the separation between the resonator and a confining wall is less than the penetration depth of the fluid occupying the intervening region. The resonator perturbation in this case is a sensitive function of the separation. This important fact permits extreme miniaturization, since for temperatures and pressures ordinarily encountered with gases and liquids, and for frequencies between 10 MHz and 1 GHz, the penetration depth varies from micrometers to nanometers. Microelectro-mechanical (MEMS) versions of viscometers and associated types of fluid sensors are thereby enabled. C1 USA, Commun Elect RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Ballato, A (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect RDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM a.ballato@IEEE.org NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-4244-3511-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2009 BP 784 EP 787 DI 10.1109/FREQ.2009.5168292 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BNK79 UT WOS:000274814900162 ER PT S AU Menyuk, CR Levy, EC Okusaga, O Horowitz, M Carter, GM Zhou, W AF Menyuk, C. R. Levy, E. C. Okusaga, O. Horowitz, M. Carter, G. M. Zhou, W. GP IEEE TI An analytical model of the dual-injection-locked opto-electronic oscillator (DIL-OEO) SO 2009 JOINT MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN FREQUENCY AND TIME FORUM AND THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the 23rd European Frequency and Time Forum/IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium CY APR 20-24, 2009 CL Besancon, FRANCE SP Conseil Reg Franche Comte, Ville Besancon, NIST, IEEE, UFFC Soc, Jet Propuls Lab, Symmetricom, OEwaves, Vectron, Conseil Gen Doubs, Communaute Agglomerat Grand Besancon, Univ Franche Comte, Minist Rech & Enseignement Superieur, Soc Francaise Microtech & Chronometrie, Frequency Elect AB We derive the equations that govern the phase noise at steady state in two coupled oscillators with delay. This simple model is then applied to the dual-injection-locked opto-electronic oscillator (DIL-OEO). This model is an extension of the Yao-Maleki model from one OEO loop to two, and it is complementary to other work on full simulations and experiments that we have carried out. We use this model to understand the key features of our current experiments and to point to a new regime in which the spurs can potentially be greatly reduced without greatly increasing the phase noise. C1 [Menyuk, C. R.; Okusaga, O.; Carter, G. M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Levy, E. C.; Horowitz, M.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Haifa, Israel. [Okusaga, O.; Zhou, W.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Menyuk, CR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM menyuk@umbc.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency as part of the SILO project FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency as part of the SILO project. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-4244-3511-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2009 BP 870 EP + DI 10.1109/FREQ.2009.5168311 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BNK79 UT WOS:000274814900181 ER PT S AU Okusaga, O Zhou, WM Levy, E Horowitz, M Carter, G Menyuk, C AF Okusaga, Olukayode Zhou, Weimin Levy, Etgar Horowitz, Moshe Carter, Gary Menyuk, Curtis GP IEEE TI Experimental and Simulation Study of Dual Injection-Locked OEOs SO 2009 JOINT MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN FREQUENCY AND TIME FORUM AND THE IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of the 23rd European Frequency and Time Forum/IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium CY APR 20-24, 2009 CL Besancon, FRANCE SP Conseil Reg Franche Comte, Ville Besancon, NIST, IEEE, UFFC Soc, Jet Propuls Lab, Symmetricom, OEwaves, Vectron, Conseil Gen Doubs, Communaute Agglomerat Grand Besancon, Univ Franche Comte, Minist Rech & Enseignement Superieur, Soc Francaise Microtech & Chronometrie, Frequency Elect ID OPTOELECTRONIC OSCILLATOR; NOISE AB We investigate the physics of bidirectional injection-locking in optoelectronic oscillators (OEO). In particular, we identify the effects of injection strength on phase noise and spurious modes for a dual injection-locked OEO. Our experimental data is then used to design a numerical model of a dual injection-locked OEO. This model will be used in the future to optimize the multi-dimensional injection-locking parameters to achieve minimal phase noise and spurious mode levels. C1 [Okusaga, Olukayode; Zhou, Weimin] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Levy, Etgar; Horowitz, Moshe] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Elect Engn, Haifa, Israel. [Carter, Gary; Menyuk, Curtis] Univ Maryland, Comp Sci & Elec Eng, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Okusaga, O (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ookusaga@arl.army.mil FU DARPA MTO FX This work was funded by DARPA MTO. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-4244-3511-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2009 BP 875 EP + DI 10.1109/FREQ.2009.5168312 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BNK79 UT WOS:000274814900182 ER PT B AU Kruger, SE Bell, JC Schnall, BL AF Kruger, Sarah E. Bell, Johanna C. Schnall, Barri L. GP IEEE TI Virtual reality enhanced rehabilitation for a service member with bilateral lower extremity amputations: A case study SO 2009 VIRTUAL REHABILITATION INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Virtual Rehabilitation International Conference CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2009 CL Haifa, ISRAEL DE virtual reality; rehabilitation; bilateral amputation; gait; CAREN ID TRANSTIBIAL AMPUTATIONS; AMPUTEES; AMBULATION; OUTCOMES; GAIT AB To review the outcomes of rehabilitation for a service member with bilateral lower extremity amputations. A 25 year-old marine suffered a right knee disarticulation and a left transtibial amputation during military service. For two years, the patient underwent a comprehensive rehabilitation program at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. During the course of his rehabilitation, this patient took part in conventional physical therapy and at 16.5 months post-injury added clinical sessions in the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) Laboratory to his therapy regimen for approximately six months. Gait analyses were conducted at three different points in his rehabilitation program: 5.5, 18, and 23.5 months post-injury. Temporal spatial parameters of self-selected velocities, cadence, and step length increased while his stance support time and step width decreased, becoming closer to asymptomatic populations. During the CAREN clinical sessions, the patient showed an increase in overall speed in the Road with Overhead Targets application. With the Boat application, the patient was able to improve the application time at increased levels of difficulty. The use of virtual reality as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation for individuals with amputations provides a novel approach for maximizing function. C1 [Kruger, Sarah E.; Bell, Johanna C.; Schnall, Barri L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Performance & Clin Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kruger, SE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Performance & Clin Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM sarah.kruger@us.army.mil NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4188-4 PY 2009 BP 126 EP 131 DI 10.1109/ICVR.2009.5174218 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Rehabilitation SC Computer Science; Engineering; Rehabilitation GA BLP06 UT WOS:000270715900022 ER PT B AU Darter, BJ Wilken, JM Brawner, ME Sinitski, E AF Darter, Benjamin J. Wilken, Jason M. Brawner, Melissa E. Sinitski, Emily GP IEEE TI Gait Training using Virtual Reality and Real-Time Feedback in a Transfemoral Amputee SO 2009 VIRTUAL REHABILITATION INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Virtual Rehabilitation International Conference CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2009 CL Haifa, ISRAEL DE amputee; gait; rehabilitation; virtual reality AB Physical rehabilitation is critical in optimizing the functional abilities of persons following a lower extremity amputation. Unfortunately, limitations in gait performance are common even in those persons who are considered to be highly functional. The purpose of this case report is to describe changes in gait kinematics and physiologic energy cost resulting from a virtual reality based gait training program that capitalizes on real-time feedback to facilitate improvement in walking ability. C1 [Darter, Benjamin J.; Wilken, Jason M.; Brawner, Melissa E.; Sinitski, Emily] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ctr Intrepid, Mil Performance Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Darter, BJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ctr Intrepid, Mil Performance Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Benjamin.darter@amedd.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4188-4 PY 2009 BP 212 EP 212 DI 10.1109/ICVR.2009.5174250 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Rehabilitation SC Computer Science; Engineering; Rehabilitation GA BLP06 UT WOS:000270715900054 ER PT J AU Moosbauer, D Jordan, S Wudy, F Zhang, SS Schmidt, M Gores, HJ AF Moosbauer, Dominik Jordan, Steffen Wudy, Franz Zhang, Sheng S. Schmidt, Michael Gores, Heiner J. TI Determination of Electrochemical Windows of Novel Electrolytes for Double Layer Capacitors by Stepwise Cyclic Voltammetry Experiments SO ACTA CHIMICA SLOVENICA LA English DT Article DE Double layer capacitor; EDLC; DLC; electrochemical window; cyclic voltammetry; Faradaic Fraction ID STABILITY LIMITS; SUPERCAPACITORS; TEMPERATURE AB In this work we synthesized two novel salts for electrochemical double layer capacitors, i.e. N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrakis(trifluoroacetato) borate (DMPBTFAc) and N-ethyl-N-methyl-pyrrolidinium bis[1,2-oxalato(2-O,O')]borate (EMPBOX), and determined the electrochemical window of their solutions in acetonitrile (AN) by using stepwise cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical window plays an important role in electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) as the energy density of such devices depends on the square of the operating voltage. Because anodic and cathodic decomposition voltages may be shifted with respect to the open circuit voltage (OCV), the OCV is another important characteristic of such an electrolyte. Both DMPBTFAc and EMPBOX solutions show wide electrochemical windows of about 4 V with nearly equal voltage gaps for the anodic and cathodic decomposition at activated carbon electrodes. C1 [Moosbauer, Dominik; Wudy, Franz; Gores, Heiner J.] Univ Regensburg, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Jordan, Steffen] Infineon AG, Regensburg, Germany. [Zhang, Sheng S.] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Schmidt, Michael] Merck KGaA, D-64271 Darmstadt, Germany. RP Gores, HJ (reprint author), Univ Regensburg, Inst Phys & Theoret Chem, Univ Str 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. EM Heiner.gores@chemie.uni-regensburg.de RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012; Gores, Heiner/D-2857-2009 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110; Gores, Heiner/0000-0002-9551-7971 FU Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany); Epcos (Heidenheim an der Brenz, Germany) FX We thank Prof. Dr. J. Barthel for his continued interest in the work of our workgroup, Electrochemistry and Electrolytes, based on his previous work and his support for over forty years. Thanks also go to our industrial partners Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany) and Epcos (Heidenheim an der Brenz, Germany) for funding our work and to Dirk Herrmann for editing. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU SLOVENSKO KEMIJSKO DRUSTVO PI LJUBLJANA PA HAJDRIHOVA 19, LJUBLJANA 1000, SLOVENIA SN 1318-0207 J9 ACTA CHIM SLOV JI Acta Chim. Slov. PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 218 EP 224 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 430WU UT WOS:000265023100028 ER PT B AU Swami, A Zhao, Q AF Swami, Ananthram Zhao, Qing BE Ibnkahla, M TI Coverage and Connectivity in Wireless Sensor Networks: Lifetime Maximization SO ADAPTATION AND CROSS LAYER DESIGN IN WIRELESS NETWORKS SE Electrical Engineering and Applied Signal Processing Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EFFICIENCY; PLACEMENT C1 [Swami, Ananthram] USA, Res Lab, Commun & Informat Sci Directorate, Adephi, MD USA. [Zhao, Qing] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Swami, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Commun & Informat Sci Directorate, Adephi, MD USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-4603-8 J9 ELECTR ENG APPL SIGN PY 2009 BP 301 EP 323 PG 23 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJY40 UT WOS:000267418600010 ER PT J AU Kumar, NS Boddu, VM Krishnaiah, A AF Kumar, Nadavala Siva Boddu, Veera M. Krishnaiah, Abburi TI Biosorption of Phenolic Compounds by Trametes versicolor polyporus Fungus SO ADSORPTION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; WASTE-WATER; REMOVAL; CHLOROPHENOLS; ADSORPTION; BIOMASS; EQUILIBRIUM; POLLUTANTS AB The use of non-living Trametes versicolor polyporus fungus to remove phenol, 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) from water under equilibrium and column flow experimental conditions was evaluated. The biomass was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption capacity of the biosorbent was investigated as a function of pH, contact time, initial concentration of adsorbate and amount of biomass employed. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The equilibrium data were analyzed in terms of the Freundlich, Langmuir and D-R adsorption isotherm models. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of Trametes versicolor polyporus fungus for phenol, 2-CP and 4-CP was found to be 50 mg/g, 86 mg/g and 112 mg/g, respectively. Desorption of phenolic compounds was achieved using 0.1 M NaOH solution. The experimental results demonstrated that the Trametes versicolor polyporus fungus could be used as a sorbent for immobilizing phenolic compounds. C1 [Kumar, Nadavala Siva; Krishnaiah, Abburi] Sri Venkateswara Univ, Dept Chem, Biopolymers & Thermophys Labs, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Boddu, Veera M.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CERL, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Krishnaiah, A (reprint author), Sri Venkateswara Univ, Dept Chem, Biopolymers & Thermophys Labs, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM abburikrishnaiah@gmail.com RI Dr., Nadavala Siva Kumar /D-5404-2011 OI Dr., Nadavala Siva Kumar /0000-0003-3210-8254 NR 34 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 8 PU MULTI SCIENCE PUBL CO LTD PI BRENTWOOD PA 5 WATES WAY, BRENTWOOD CM15 9TB, ESSEX, ENGLAND SN 0263-6174 J9 ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL JI Adsorpt. Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 27 IS 1 BP 31 EP 46 DI 10.1260/026361709788921597 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 479UF UT WOS:000268685900003 ER PT S AU Gorokhovsky, V Wallace, J Bowman, C Gannon, PE O'Keefe, J Champagne, V Pepi, M AF Gorokhovsky, V. Wallace, J. Bowman, C. Gannon, P. E. O'Keefe, J. Champagne, V. Pepi, M. BE Lin, HT Zhu, D TI LARGE AREA FILTERED ARC AND HYBRID COATING DEPOSITION TECHNOLOGIES FOR EROSION AND CORROSION PROTECTION OF AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS SO ADVANCED CERAMIC COATINGS AND INTERFACES III SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 27-FEB 01, 2008 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, ACerS Engn Ceram Div ID WEAR AB Erosion and foreign object damage are among the most frequent failure modes for high speed rotating components of turbine engines such as compressor blades and helicopter rotor blades. Environmental corrosion is also known to accelerate degradation. Large Area Filtered Arc Deposition (LAFAD) technology and hybrid filtered arc-assisted electron beam physical vapor deposition (EBPVD) or unbalanced magnetron (UBM) sputtering processes were evaluated for deposition of hard cermet coatings to improve erosion resistance performance over a wide range of impact angles, while simultaneously maintaining aerodynamic properties and improving corrosion resistance of coated components. Coating performance was evaluated as a function of substrate bias voltage. Different grades and speeds of erosive particles were used to simulate different operation conditions in compressor blade and helicopter rotor blade applications. Simulated salt fog testing was used to assess corrosion resistance of different coatings on substrates made of high chromium bearing steel. Increased component performance can be attributed to the mufti-layered nanocomposite morphology of LAFAD coatings with low defect density, which effectively encapsulates the substrate surface with a nanolaminated metal-ceramic shield, and also impedes perpendicular crack propagation. In addition, hybrid LAFAD+EBPVD or LAFAD+UBM cermet coatings have substantially-improved coating density compared to conventional EBPVD or UBM coatings. In this work, characterization of erosion and environmental corrosion resistance performance of several LAFAD and hybrid LAFAD+EBPVD and LAFAD+UBM nanostructured coatings will be presented. with possible applications discussed. C1 [Gorokhovsky, V.; Wallace, J.; Bowman, C.; Gannon, P. E.; O'Keefe, J.] Arcomac Surface Engn LLC, Bozeman, MT USA. [Champagne, V.; Pepi, M.] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Gorokhovsky, V (reprint author), Arcomac Surface Engn LLC, Bozeman, MT USA. FU United States Department of Defense [W91 INF-05-2-0016] FX The authors would like to acknosledge the technical assistance ofRecep Avci and Richard Smith at Montana State Universit!. Thanks to Dave VanVorous for carrj ing out the coating deposition trials. Thanks are also due to Mr.Chuck Blair for erosion resistant testing at UDRI. Portions of this research were supported by the United States Department of Defense via the program No. W91 INF-05-2-0016, NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-34495-8 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 4 BP 55 EP + DI 10.1002/9780470456323.ch4 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BJD49 UT WOS:000265016500004 ER PT S AU Dhawan, A Gerhold, M Du, Y Misra, V Vo-Dinh, T AF Dhawan, Anuj Gerhold, Michael Du, Yan Misra, Veena Vo-Dinh, Tuan BE Suleski, TJ Schoenfeld, WV Wang, JJ TI Fabrication of novel plasmonics-active substrates SO ADVANCED FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR MICRO/NANO OPTICS AND PHOTONICS II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Fabrication Technologies for Micro/Nano Optics and Photonics II CY JAN 26-28, 2009 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE, Texas Instruments Inc, NanoInk Inc, Boston Univ, Photon Ctr, Ozen Engineering Inc DE Metallic Nanowires; SERS; Deep UV Lithography; ALD; Focused Ion Beam; Surface enhanced Raman scattering; nanostructures; electromagnetic enhancement ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SILVER ELECTRODE; NANOPARTICLE ARRAYS; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; SPECTROMETRY; SENSITIVITY; MOLECULES; PYRIDINE AB This paper describes methodologies for fabricating of highly efficient plasmonics-active SERS substrates - having metallic nanowire structures with pointed geometries and sub-5 nm gap between the metallic nanowires enabling concentration of high EM fields in these regions - on a wafer-scale by a reproducible process that is compatible with large-scale development of these substrates. Excitation of surface plasmons in these nanowire structures leads to substantial enhancement in the Raman scattering signal obtained from molecules lying in the vicinity of the nanostructure surface. The methodologies employed included metallic coating of silicon nanowires fabricated by employing deep UV lithography as well as controlled growth of silicon germanium on silicon nanostructures to form diamond-shaped nanowire structures followed by metallic coating. These SERS substrates were employed for detecting chemical and biological molecules of interest. In order to characterize the SERS substrates developed in this work, we obtained SERS signals from molecules such as p-mercaptobenzoic acid (pMBA) and cresyl fast violet (CFV) attached to or adsorbed on the metal-coated SERS substrates. It was observed that both gold-coated triangular shaped nanowire substrates as well as gold-coated diamond shaped nanowire substrates provided very high SERS signals for the nanowires having sub-15 nm gaps and that the SERS signal depends on the closest spacing between the metal-coated silicon and silicon germanium nanowires. SERS substrates developed by the different processes were also employed for detection of biological molecules such as DPA (Dipicolinic Acid), an excellent marker for spores of bacteria such as Anthrax. C1 [Dhawan, Anuj; Gerhold, Michael] USA, Res Off, Durham, NC USA. RP Dhawan, A (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, Durham, NC USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7451-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2009 VL 7205 AR 72050S DI 10.1117/12.809887 PG 12 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA BST68 UT WOS:000285750500019 ER PT S AU Halbig, MC Singh, M AF Halbig, Michael C. Singh, Mrityunjay BE Ohji, T Singh, M Wereszczak, A TI DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE BONDING AND INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGIES NEEDED FOR FABRICATING SILICON CARBIDE BASED INJECTOR COMPONENTS SO ADVANCED PROCESSING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES FOR STRUCTURAL AND MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIALS II SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 27-FEB 01, 2008 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, ACerS Engn Ceram Div ID THERMAL-EXPANSION ANISOTROPY; SILICIDES; TI5SI3; PHASE AB Advanced ceramic bonding and integration technologies play a critical role in the fabrication and application of silicon carbide based components, for a number of aerospace and ground based applications. One such application is a lean direct injector for a turbine engine to achieve low NOx emissions. Ceramic to ceramic diffusion bonding and ceramic to metal brazing technologies are being developed for this injector application. For the diffusion bonding technology, titanium interlayers (coatings and foils) were used to aid in the joining of silicon carbide (SiC) substrates. The influence of such variables as surface finish, interlayer thickness, and processing time were investigated. Electron microprobe analysis was used to identify the reaction formed phases. In the diffusion bonds, an intermediate phase, Ti5Si3Cx, formed that is thermally incompatible in its thermal expansion and caused thermal stresses and cracking during the processing cool-down. Thinner interlayers of pure titanium and/or longer processing times resulted in an optimized microstructure. Tensile tests on the joined materials resulted in strengths of 13-28 MPa depending on the SiC substrate material. Non-destructive evaluation using ultrasonic immersion showed well formed bonds. For the joining technology of brazing Kovar fuel tubes to silicon carbide, preliminary development of the joining approach has begun. Various technical issues and requirements for the injector application are addressed. C1 [Halbig, Michael C.] NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Army Res Lab, Cleveland, OH USA. [Singh, Mrityunjay] NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Halbig, MC (reprint author), NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Army Res Lab, Cleveland, OH USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-34499-6 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 9 BP 1 EP + DI 10.1002/9780470456224.ch1 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BJC88 UT WOS:000264857500001 ER PT J AU Summers, TA Lehman, MB Barner, R Royer, MC AF Summers, Thomas A., Jr. Lehman, Michael B. Barner, Ross Royer, Michael C. TI Lupus Mastitis A Clinicopathologic Review and Addition of a Case SO ADVANCES IN ANATOMIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE lupus mastitis; lupus erythematosus profundus; lupus panniculitis; association with systemic lupus; association with discoid lupus; review ID ERYTHEMATOSUS PANNICULITIS; BREAST; PROFUNDUS; CARCINOMA; DISEASE AB Lupus mastitis (LM) is a rare presentation of lupus erythematosus profundus or lupus panniculitis, an unusual and rare clinical variant of lupus erythematosus itself in which the inflammatory reaction occurs primarily in the deep Subcutaneous adipose. Although not required for diagnosis, essentially all cases of LM present with systemic or discoid lupus. The etiology is uncertain. Histologically it is defined by a lymphocytic lobular panniculitis and a characteristic hyaline sclerosis of the adipose tissue. Treatment is primarily medical due to exacerbation of disease by surgical intervention. A high index of suspicion, and familiarity of the histologic findings, is therefore required to make an accurate diagnosis and prevent further unwarranted diagnostic procedures. Herein, we provide a literature-based review of the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of LM and its treatment and prognosis with the addition of a case for the literature. C1 [Summers, Thomas A., Jr.; Barner, Ross; Royer, Michael C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anat Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Lehman, Michael B.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Anat Pathol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Summers, TA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Anat Pathol, Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM thomas.a.summers@verizon.net NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1072-4109 J9 ADV ANAT PATHOL JI Adv. Anat. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 16 IS 1 BP 56 EP 61 PG 6 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 392CS UT WOS:000262281100005 PM 19098467 ER PT S AU Fountzoulas, CG Sands, JM Gilde, GA Patel, PJ AF Fountzoulas, C. G. Sands, J. M. Gilde, G. A. Patel, P. J. BE Franks, LP Ohji, T Wereszczak, A TI APPLYING MODELING TOOLS TO PREDICT PERFORMANCE OF TRANSPARENT CERAMIC LAMINATE ARMORS SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR IV SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 27-FEB 01, 2008 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, ACerS Engn Ceram Div DE armor; modeling; spinel; failure analysis; defects AB The dominant materials technology used for ballistic transparency protection of armored tactical platforms in commercial and military applications is low cost glass. Currently, the development of next generation ceramics is a key to providing enhanced protection capability and extended service performance for future armored windows. A development program is underway to improve processing and reduce costs associated with transparent ceramic materials. such as magnesium aluminate spinel. MgAl(2)O(4). A critical element of this development is 10 understand the influence of defects on the failure performances. both statically and dynamically. Although commercial efforts continue to focus on critical cost reduction an processing parameters. interest continues to grow toward applying ceramics toward armor system design. Future ballistic designs are being assembled in a virtual environment to begin to extrapolate the importance of defects. including flaw density, crystal orientation, shape and size. position with respect to the ceramic surface, and ceramic plate dimensions on the performance of ceramic spinel under dynamic impacts. While additional developments remain to be completed, the successful development of process methods that result in consistent high quality transparent ceramics is allowing validation of models to increase the insertion potential for these transparent ceramics into next generation tactical military platforms. The purpose of this report is to demonstrate the importance of modeling tools in advancing ceramic transparent armor materials to fielded applications. The effect of various shape defects. located in the interior and on the surface of spinel, on the failure of the transparent material will be discussed in detail. C1 [Fountzoulas, C. G.; Sands, J. M.; Gilde, G. A.; Patel, P. J.] USA, Res Lab, Survivabil Mat Branch, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Fountzoulas, CG (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Survivabil Mat Branch, AMSRD ARL WM MD, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-34497-2 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 6 BP 45 EP 53 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BIY51 UT WOS:000263707400005 ER PT S AU LaSalvia, JC Leavy, B Miller, HT Houskamp, JR McCuiston, RC AF LaSalvia, Jerry C. Leavy, Brian Miller, Herbert T. Houskamp, Joshua R. McCuiston, Ryan C. BE Franks, LP Ohji, T Wereszczak, A TI RECENT RESULTS ON THE FUNDAMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF A HOT-PRESSED SILICON CARBIDE IMPACTED BY SUB-SCALE LONG-ROD PENETRATORS SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR IV SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 27-FEB 01, 2008 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, ACerS Engn Ceram Div ID VELOCITIES; TARGETS; KM/S AB The dwell/penetration transition velocity and penetration velocities were determined for a commercially-available hot-pressed silicon carbide (SiC) in a baseline target coil figuration. The targets consisted of SiC cylinders slip-fitted into Ti6Al4V Cups and thin Ti6Al4V cover plates welded to the cups. The lateral and back surfaces of the SiC cylinders were well confined in this target configuration, but not pre-stressed. The diameter of the ceramic cylinders was 38.1 mm. Three ceramic thicknesses were evaluated (12.7, 25.4. and 38.1 mm) in this study. Laboratory-scale tungsten-based (W-based) long-rod penetrators (L/D 20. D = 3.175 mm) were fired into the targets at various velocities ranging between 1000 - 1700 m/s. The ballistic interaction between the penetrators and ceramic targets were captured in little using Multiple 1 MeV flash X-rays. I-lie resulting X-ray radiographs were used to determine the dwell/penetration transition velocity and penetration velocities. The results show no apparent effect of thickness oil (lie dwell/penetration transition velocity: however. an effect on penetration velocity was noted for the 12.7 null thick cylinders. Data for this SiC which includes the effect of lateral pre-stress on the dwell/penetration transition velocity and penetration velocity has recently been published [1]. Comparison of the two data sets indicates that there is a large effect of lateral pre-stress on the dwell/penetration transition velocity, hilt not 01) Penetration velocity. The experimental Set-Lip and results ire discussed. C1 [LaSalvia, Jerry C.; Leavy, Brian; Miller, Herbert T.; Houskamp, Joshua R.; McCuiston, Ryan C.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP LaSalvia, JC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-34497-2 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 6 BP 89 EP 97 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BIY51 UT WOS:000263707400009 ER PT S AU Miller, HT McCuiston, RC LaSalvia, JC AF Miller, H. T. McCuiston, R. C. LaSalvia, J. C. BE Franks, LP Ohji, T Wereszczak, A TI INSTRUMENTED HERTZIAN INDENTATION STUDY OF TWO COMMERICAL SILICON CARBIDES SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR IV SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 27-FEB 01, 2008 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, ACerS Engn Ceram Div ID FRACTURE; CERAMICS; PLASTICITY; DUCTILE AB Of the armor ceramics commercially available today. hot-pressed silicon carbides (SiCs) are very effective against a wide range of ballistic threats. Pressureless-sintered SiCs are attractive alternatives to hot-pressed variants for some particular applications based upon cost. The microstructural and mechanical property differences between hot-pressed and pressureless-sintered variants result in different damage mechanisms and/or damage kinetics which are qualitatively believed responsible for differences in their ballistic performances. Characterizing and quantifying the differences in microstructure. mechanical properties, and damage behavior is therefore important for building the connections between processing, microstructure. properties, and performance, Two commercially-available SiC variants, Saint Gobain Hexoloy (pressure less-sintered) and BAE Systems SiC-N (hot-pressed), were characterized and examined using instrumented Hertzian indentation in order to quantitativey, and qualitatively compare their damage responses to very large localized stresses. Spherical diamond indenters with nominal diameters of 0.5 mm and 5.0 min were used to explore both a quasi-plastic mode response and brittle mode response in these ceramics. Acoustic emission data was acquired during the indentation testing in an attempt to correlate loads with specific macrocrack-types. Optical and electron micrographs of the samples will be shown. C1 [Miller, H. T.; McCuiston, R. C.; LaSalvia, J. C.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Miller, HT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-34497-2 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 6 BP 99 EP 105 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BIY51 UT WOS:000263707400010 ER PT S AU Brennan, R McCauley, J Haber, R Niesz, D AF Brennan, Raymond McCauley, James Haber, Richard Niesz, Dale BE Franks, LP Ohji, T Wereszczak, A TI QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF LOCALIZED AMPLITUDE VARIATIONS IN SILICON CARBIDE CERAMICS USING ULTRASOUND C-SCAN IMAGING SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR IV SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 27-FEB 01, 2008 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, ACerS Engn Ceram Div AB Ultrasound C-scan imaging is a technique that is utilized to detect and locate inhomogeneities in various materials. One common application is the detection of localized amplitude variations which reflect apparent micro/macro structural inhomogeneties in ceramic materials. A method is being developed for extracting the most distinct variations from bottom surface reflected signal amplitude C-scan images and quantitatively evaluating them in terms Of number. size, shape. and proximity. The data are used to determine size distributions for comparison of material integrity. This method is effective in quantitatively contrasting the number and distribution of localized amplitude variations detected in hot pressed silicon carbide (SiC) as compared to sintered SiC. While the number and size of significant individual variations detected in sintered SiC is much greater. the size distributions can be fit to same power law function with R(2) values of higher than 96% for each data set. Ultrasound detection and size distribution data can prove useful for ceramic material integrity Comparison. C1 [Brennan, Raymond; McCauley, James] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Brennan, R (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-34497-2 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 6 BP 129 EP 139 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BIY51 UT WOS:000263707400013 ER PT S AU McCuiston, R LaSalvia, J McCauley, J Mayo, W AF McCuiston, Ryan LaSalvia, Jerry McCauley, James Mayo, William BE Franks, LP Ohji, T Wereszczak, A TI THE POSSIBLE ROLES OF STOICHIOMETRY, MICROSTRUCTURE, AND DEFECTS ON THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BORON CARBIDE SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR IV SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 27-FEB 01, 2008 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, ACerS Engn Ceram Div ID CERAMICS AB The ultimate failure of boron carbide in a ballistic event depends oil a number of elastic and inelastic processes whose length scales vary from the atomistic to macroscopic, including the various deformation modes, damage nucleation and accumulation processes. from the atomic structure level through the micro-structural to the macro-structural level. The expanded use of boron carbide as all armor ceramic is dependant upon understanding these mechanisms and using this knowledge to design and produce improved boron carbide. In recent years. ARL, in collaboration with other researchers. has identified previously unknown inelastic phenomena in boron carbide including solid-state amorphization at the nano-scale and Subsequent shear localization at the microstructural level. Recent characterization of boron carbide powders has raised questions concerning the presence of B13C2, the stoichiometry of B4C, and the accuracy of the commonly accepted phase diagrams. In addition. the characterization of commercial boron carbide ceramics has revealed the presence of a very wide range of microstructural defects. These results have led to density functional theory (DFT) calculations oil the stability of various boron carbide polymorphs. high-pressure phase transition Studies. and raised questions concerning the influence of stoichiometry and microstructural defects oil quasi-static and dynamic mechanical properties. A review of recent findings and possible interpretations will he discussed. C1 [McCuiston, Ryan; LaSalvia, Jerry; McCauley, James] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP McCuiston, R (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-34497-2 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 6 BP 153 EP 162 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BIY51 UT WOS:000263707400015 ER PT S AU Green, WH Miller, HT LuSalvia, JC Dandekar, DP Casem, D AF Green, William H. Miller, Herbert T. LuSalvia, Jerry C. Dandekar, Datta P. Casem, Daniel BE Franks, LP Ohji, T Wereszczak, A TI EVALUATION OF BALLISTICALLY-INDUCED DAMAGE IN CERAMIC TARGETS BY X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR IV SE CERAMIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 27-FEB 01, 2008 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc, ACerS Engn Ceram Div AB X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is an important non-destructive evaluation technique for revealing the spatial distribution of ballistically-induced damage in ceramics. The level of detection and resolution of damage depends on the size of the specimen and the parameters of the XCT approach (e.g.. focal spot size. magnification, etc.). Previous and ongoing work in assessment of ballistically induced damage in ceramic targets includes the study of both directly impacted and plane shock wave damaged specimens. Shock induced damage in both AD995 alumina and SiC-N ceramic targets have been scanned and extensively, evaluated using XCT 2-D and 3-D analysis. The damage in the AD995 alumina and SiC-N targets was induced by 6 GPa and 4 GPa pressures, respectively. The purpose of using XCT evaluation in these targets is to better characterize and understand all of lie detectable damage and possibly correlate damage features and types with the physical processes of damage initiation and growth. XCT scans of shock induced damage in ceramic targets will be shown and discussed. This Will include virtual 3-D solid visualizations and some quantitative analysis of damage levels (i.e.. decimal fraction of 100 percent) and particular damage features. C1 [Green, William H.; Miller, Herbert T.; LuSalvia, Jerry C.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Green, WH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-34497-2 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2009 VL 29 IS 6 BP 199 EP 210 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BIY51 UT WOS:000263707400019 ER PT S AU Li, J He, HB Man, H Desai, S AF Li, Jie He, Haibo Man, Hong Desai, Sachi BE Yu, W He, HB Zhang, N TI A General-Purpose FPGA-Based Reconfigurable Platform for Video and Image Processing SO ADVANCES IN NEURAL NETWORKS - ISNN 2009, PT 3, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks CY MAY 26-29, 2009 CL Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Natl Nat Sci Fdn, IEEE, Wuhan Sect, IEEE Computat Intel Soc, Int Neural Network Soc DE Reconfigurable system; FPGA design; video and image processing; edge detection; image scaling ID TV AB This paper presents a general-purpose, multi-task, and re-configurable platform for video and image processing. With the increasing requirements of processing power in many of today's video and image processing applications, it is important to go beyond the software implementation to provide a real-time, low cost, high performance, and scalable hardware platform. In this paper, we propose a system by using the powerful parallel processing architecture in the Field Programmable Gate Army (FPGA) to achieve this objective. Based on the proposed system level architecture and design strategies, a prototype system is developed based on the Xilinx Virtex-II FPGA with the integration of embedded processor, memory control and interface technologies. Our system includes different functional modules, such as edge detection, zoom-in and zoom-out functions which provides the flexibility of rising this system as a general video processing platform according to different application requirements. The final system utilize about 20% of logic resource, 50% of memory on chip, and has total power consumption around 203 mw. C1 [Li, Jie; He, Haibo; Man, Hong] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Desai, Sachi] US Army, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM jli8@stevens.edu; hhe@stevens.edu; Hong.Man@stevens.edu; sachi.desai@us.army.mil FU US Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC), Picatinny [W15QKN-05-D-0011] FX This work was supported in part by the US Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC), Picatinny, under Grant No. W15QKN-05-D-0011. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-01512-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2009 VL 5553 BP 299 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BKG61 UT WOS:000268029200032 ER PT S AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, Howard E. BE Mahdavi, K Koslover, D TI Charge Renormalization, Apery's Number, and the Trefoil Knot SO ADVANCES IN QUANTUM COMPUTATION SE Contemporary Mathematics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Representation Theory, Quantum Field Theory, Category Theory, and Quantum Information Theory CY SEP 20-23, 2007 CL Univ Texas Tylere, Tyler, TX SP NSF HO Univ Texas Tylere DE quantum electrodynamics; charge renormalization; number theory; transcendental numbers; irrational numbers; Apery's number; Riemann zeta function; link theory; trefoil knot; knot theory ID QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS AB In the context of the charge renomalization constant of quantum electrodynamics, I explore, by example, the connections between Feynman graphs, irrational or transcendental numbers, and knots. I first review the calculation in Feynman gauge of the divergent part of the inverse charge renormalization constant to sixth order in the bare charge of the electron. I identify those vacuum polarization graphs which yield Apery's number, and describe the gauge invariant vanishing of the overall coefficient of this irrational number appearing in the sixth-order calculation. I also elucidate the mapping of vacuum polarization graphs with crossed photon propagators onto the trefoil knot. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM hbrandt@arl.army.mil NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA P.O. BOX 6248, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940 USA SN 0271-4132 BN 978-0-8218-4627-8 J9 CONTEMP MATH PY 2009 VL 482 BP 23 EP 47 PG 25 WC Mathematics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA BJF08 UT WOS:000265378200002 ER PT J AU Rabinowitz, YG Mausbach, BT Atkinson, PJ Gallagher-Thompson, D AF Rabinowitz, Yaron G. Mausbach, Brent T. Atkinson, Philip J. Gallagher-Thompson, Dolores TI The relationship between religiosity and health behaviors in female caregivers of older adults with dementia SO AGING & MENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE caregiver; health behaviors; religiosity; Alzheimer's disease; stress; burden; physical health measures ID PHYSICAL HEALTH; SPOUSE CAREGIVERS; FAMILY MEMBERS; BURDEN; SPIRITUALITY; PREDICTORS; ATTENDANCE; MORTALITY; RELATIVES; STRESS AB The current study explored the relationship between three dimensions of religiosity: (a) organizational religiosity (e.g. attendance at religious events), (b) non-organizational religiosity (e.g. prayer), and (c) subjective religiosity (e.g. importance of religion) and caregiver health behavior patterns in a sample of Latina and Caucasian female caregivers of older adult relatives with dementia. It was hypothesized that religiosity would have a significant association with reduced cumulative health risk as determined by an index of health behaviors. It was also hypothesized that, when examining the individual health behaviors subsumed in the overarching index, religiosity would be positively associated with adaptive health behaviors like exercise and negatively associated with health risk behaviors like smoking. Amongst Caucasians, increased subjective religiosity was related to increased cumulative health risk. Conversely, in Latinas, non-organizational religiosity was positively correlated with improved dietary practices (reduced dietary restriction). Increased levels of subjective religiosity were significantly associated with decreased maintenance of a routine exercise regimen across ethnic groups. Recommendations for clinicians and religious leaders, and avenues of future research are discussed. C1 [Rabinowitz, Yaron G.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Psychol, Corpus Christi, TX USA. [Mausbach, Brent T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Atkinson, Philip J.] JFK Special Warfare Ctr & Sch, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Gallagher-Thompson, Dolores] Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Rabinowitz, YG (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Psychol, Corpus Christi, TX USA. EM rubes0509@gmail.com OI Mausbach, Brent/0000-0003-2884-8743 FU National Institute on Aging (NIA). [AG13289, AG23989] FX Primary support for this research was provided by awards AG13289 by the National Institute on Aging (NIA). Additional support was provided by award AG23989 from the NIA. NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1360-7863 J9 AGING MENT HEALTH JI Aging Ment. Health PY 2009 VL 13 IS 6 BP 788 EP 798 AR PII 916451510 DI 10.1080/13607860903046446 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 515ZR UT WOS:000271511900002 PM 19888699 ER PT B AU Chinella, J AF Chinella, John BE Yin, W Das, SK Long, Z TI DEVELOPMENT OF LOW COST, HIGH PERFORMANCE AlZn4.5Mg1 ALLOY 7020 SO ALUMINUM ALLOYS: FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATIONS II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Aluminum Alloys - Fabrication, Characterization and Applications CY FEB 15-19, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA DE Aluminum; Armor; Al 7020; Regression Analysis AB This paper describes properties, processing, and performance of Al-Zn-Mg alloy 7020 for armor and commercial applications. Comparisons are made with alternative aluminum armors' chemistry, properties, levels of strength and ductility, weld properties, and resistance to stress and exfoliation corrosion. The advantages for development and optimization of alloy 7020 for vehicle armor or welded structures are identified to be: (1) low thermal sensitivity of the microstructure and mechanical properties to deleterious effects from retreat or solution-treatment anti air-quench, (2) low Zn-Mg alloy and production costs, (3) adequate thick-plate strength and ductility for ballistic protection, and (4) high levels of weld strength and ductility in the natural or artificial aged condition. Concerns include: (1) optimizing thickness-dependent combinations of strength, toughness, and armor-threat-protection; and (2) optimizing processing and manufacturing techniques for mechanical properties and durability against stress and exfoliation corrosion. C1 [Chinella, John] AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Chinella, J (reprint author), AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA BN 978-0-87339-735-3 PY 2009 BP 3 EP 9 PG 7 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BIY33 UT WOS:000263684500001 ER PT J AU Boyd, AS Benjamin, HJ Asplund, C AF Boyd, Anne S. Benjamin, Holly J. Asplund, Chad TI Principles of Casting and Splinting SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article AB The ability to properly apply casts and splints is a technical skill easily mastered with practice and an understanding of basic principles. The initial approach to casting and splinting requires a thorough assessment of the injured extremity for proper diagnosis. Once the need for immobilization is ascertained, casting and splinting start with application of stockinette, followed by padding. Splinting involves subsequent application of a noncircumferential support held in place by an elastic bandage. Splints are faster and easier to apply; allow for the natural swelling that occurs during the acute inflammatory phase of an injury; are easily removed for inspection of the injury site; and are often the preferred tool for immobilization in the acute care setting. Disadvantages of splinting include lack of patient compliance and increased motion at the injury site. Casting involves circumferential application of plaster or fiberglass. As such, casts provide superior immobilization, but they are more technically difficult to apply and less forgiving during the acute inflammatory stage; they also carry a higher risk of complications. Compartment syndrome, thermal injuries, pressure sores, skin infection and dermatitis, and joint stiffness are possible complications of splinting and casting. Patient education regarding swelling, signs of vascular compromise, and recommendations for follow-up is crucial after cast or splint application. (Am Fam Physician. 2009;79(1):16-22, 23-24. Copyright (C) 2009 American Academy of Family Physicians.) C1 [Boyd, Anne S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Benjamin, Holly J.] Univ Chicago, Primary Care Sports Med Program, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Asplund, Chad] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Boyd, AS (reprint author), Lawrenceville Family Hlth Ctr, 3937 Butler St, Pittsburgh, PA 15201 USA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 79 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 PG 7 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 392CW UT WOS:000262281500002 PM 19145960 ER PT J AU Hurst, FP Abbott, KC Neff, RT Elster, EA Falta, EM Lentine, KL Agodoa, LY Jindal, RM AF Hurst, Frank P. Abbott, Kevin C. Neff, Robert T. Elster, Eric A. Falta, Edward M. Lentine, Krista L. Agodoa, Lawrence Y. Jindal, Rahul M. TI Incidence, Predictors and Outcomes of Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis after Kidney Transplantation: Analysis of USRDS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Transplant renal artery stenosis; Kidney transplantation; Immunosuppression; Graft survival; Ischemic heart disease ID PERCUTANEOUS TRANSLUMINAL ANGIOPLASTY; RECIPIENTS AB Objective: We analyzed the United States Renal Data System registry to study the risks, predictors, and outcomes of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) in contemporary practice. Methods: The study sampled comprised adults with Medicare primary insurance who received kidney transplants in 2000-2005. We examined associations of recipient, donor and transplant factors with time-to-TRAS by the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression. Survival analysis methods were employed to estimate graft survival after TRAS, and to model TRAS as a time-dependent outcome predictor. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate time to allograft loss in patients who did or did not have an angioplasty procedure for TRAS. Results: There were 823 cases of TRAS among 41,867 transplant patients, with an incidence rate of 8.3 (95% CI 7.8-8.9) cases per 1,000 patient-years. Mean time to diagnosis of TRAS was 0.83 +/- 0.81 years after transplant. Factors associated with TRAS were older recipient and donor age, extended criteria donors, induction immunosuppression, delayed graft function, and ischemic heart disease. There was no association of TRAS with deceased donors, prolonged cold ischemia time, acute rejection or cytomegalovirus status. TRAS was associated with increased risk of graft loss (including death; adjusted hazard ratio 2.84, 95% CI 1.70-4.72). Among the 823 patients with TRAS, 145 (17.6%) underwent angioplasty. Graft survival after TRAS was not significantly different in patients treated with angioplasty compared to those without angioplasty. Conclusions: TRAS is an important complication that predicts adverse patient and graft outcomes. Treatment strategies for TRAS warrant prospective investigation in clinical trials. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Hurst, Frank P.; Abbott, Kevin C.; Neff, Robert T.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Elster, Eric A.; Falta, Edward M.; Jindal, Rahul M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Lentine, Krista L.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO USA. [Agodoa, Lawrence Y.] NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Jindal, RM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Organ Transplant, 6630 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jindalr@msn.com OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 16 TC 29 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 4 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-8095 J9 AM J NEPHROL JI Am. J. Nephrol. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 5 BP 459 EP 467 DI 10.1159/000242431 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 501EC UT WOS:000270361300009 PM 19776559 ER PT J AU Oliver, JD Neff, RT Leeser, DB Swanson, SJ Yuan, CM Falta, EM Elster, E Reinmuth, B Bohen, EM Jindal, RM Abbott, KC AF Oliver, James D., III Neff, Robert T. Leeser, David B. Swanson, S. J. Yuan, C. M. Falta, Edward M. Elster, Eric Reinmuth, Bruce Bohen, Erin M. Jindal, Rahul M. Abbott, Kevin C. TI Influence of Race on Kidney Transplantation in the Department of Defense Healthcare System SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Review DE Kidney transplantation, influence of race; Department of Defense healthcare system; Transplant outcomes, race ID RENAL-ALLOGRAFT SURVIVAL; RACIAL DISPARITIES; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; VETERANS-AFFAIRS; OUTCOMES; RECIPIENTS; CYCLOSPORINE; ADHERENCE; ETHNICITY; DIALYSIS AB Background: We report the influence of race on transplant outcomes in the Department of Defense (DOD) system. Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of all kidney transplants performed at WRAMC from 1996 to 2005. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess for differences in graft survival, and Cox regression was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios for graft loss. For our analyses, we used the cutoff of 6 years (year 2000) when we introduced thymoglobulin induction; maintenance immunosuppression consisted of mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus, and rapid steroid taper (completed withdrawal at 6 weeks) was used for all patients. Results: There were 220 transplants (91 Blacks, 107 Caucasians and 22 Asians). Because the curve for graft survival for Blacks over time violated the proportional hazards assumption (at 6 years post-transplant), analysis was segregated into two segments. Through 6 years of follow-up, graft survival was 77% for Blacks and 81% for non-Blacks (p = 0.74 by log rank). Through 9 potential years of follow-up, graft survival for Blacks was 56% and 78% for Whites (p = 0.005). In Cox regression analysis, Black race, compared with non-Black race, was not significantly associated with graft loss at 6 years, but was significantly associated with graft loss occurring after 6 years. Conclusions: In the DOD health system, no significant differences were seen in graft survival among recipients of different races at 6 years. Black recipients who received a kidney transplant before the year 2000 showed decreased graft survival compared to non-Blacks. This was consistent with change in immunosuppressive regimen in our institution with the introduction of thymoglobulin induction and maintenance therapy with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and withdrawal of prednisone at 6 weeks. Copyright (C) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Neff, Robert T.; Bohen, Erin M.; Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nephrol SVC, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Oliver, James D., III; Reinmuth, Bruce] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Elster, Eric] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. [Leeser, David B.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Surg, Div Transplant Surg, New York, NY USA. [Jindal, Rahul M.] Brookdale Univ Med Ctr, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Swanson, S. J.] Christiana Care, Newark, DE USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nephrol SVC, 6630 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kcabbott1@yahoo.com OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-8095 J9 AM J NEPHROL JI Am. J. Nephrol. PY 2009 VL 29 IS 4 BP 327 EP 333 DI 10.1159/000163558 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 375RX UT WOS:000261132100006 PM 18849603 ER PT J AU Jindal, RM Das, NP Neff, RT Hurst, FP Falta, EM Elster, EA Abbott, KC AF Jindal, Rahul M. Das, Neal P. Neff, Robert T. Hurst, Frank P. Falta, Edward M. Elster, Eric A. Abbott, Kevin C. TI Outcomes in African-Americans vs. Caucasians Using Thymoglobulin or Interleukin-2 Receptor Inhibitor Induction: Analysis of USRDS Database SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antithymocyte globulin; Interleukin-2 inhibitor; Basiliximab; Daclizumab; Induction; Survival; Graft loss; Medicare claim; Kidney transplant; End-stage kidney disease; United States Renal Data System ID RENAL-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; MYCOPHENOLATE-MOFETIL; ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANT; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; BASILIXIMAB; TACROLIMUS; THERAPY; COMBINATION; ANTIBODIES AB Aim: We used the USRDS database to test the hypothesis that graft survival was similar using either rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) vs. interleukin-2 receptor inhibitor (IL2i) in the Prograf era. We further explored the variable of race in the two groups of patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of kidney transplant patients in the USRDS from 2000 through 2005 to compare graft survival (including death) using rATG vs. IL2i with particular reference to outcomes between African-Americans vs. Caucasians. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess patient and graft survival after transplantation, stratified by recipient induction with rATG versus IL2i. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess adjusted survival after transplantation, assessing whether induction rATG (vs. IL2i) was significant as an interaction term (i.e. an effect modifier) with black race for graft survival. Propensity score analysis was used to address potential confounding by indication. Results: In stratified Cox Regression analysis limited to IL2i, black race was significantly associated with graft loss (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 1.17, 95% CI, 1.09-1.26). In analysis limited to rATG induction, black race was not significant (AHR 1.00, 95% CI, 0.92-1.10). We detected a significant interaction between rATG and black race (in comparison with non-black race) for the development of graft loss (AHR, 0.86, 95% CI, 0.76-0.97). Analysis limited to black recipients showed that while use of rATG was not significantly different from IL2i (AHR 0.95, 95% CI 0.87-1.04), the direction of this association was in the opposite direction of non-blacks. Conclusions: Patient and graft survival were similar in African-American and Caucasian recipients of kidney transplantation using either rATG or IL2i. Limitations of the study are the retrospective nature of USRDS data, center-bias in using rATG vs. IL2i and lack of data on steroid dosage. Results of the present study call for a critical review of induction practices. Copyright (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Jindal, Rahul M.; Neff, Robert T.; Hurst, Frank P.; Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Jindal, Rahul M.; Neff, Robert T.; Hurst, Frank P.; Falta, Edward M.; Elster, Eric A.; Abbott, Kevin C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Jindal, Rahul M.] Brookdale Univ Hosp, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Jindal, Rahul M.] Med Ctr, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Jindal, Rahul M.] WRAMC, Syst Assessment & Res Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Das, Neal P.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@us.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-8095 J9 AM J NEPHROL JI Am. J. Nephrol. PY 2009 VL 29 IS 6 BP 501 EP 508 DI 10.1159/000182816 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 442SP UT WOS:000265861200002 PM 19060477 ER PT J AU Donnelly, SJ Subramanian, PS AF Donnelly, Steven J. Subramanian, Prem S. TI Relationship of Intraocular Pulse Pressure and Spontaneous Venous Pulsations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA; OCULAR PULSE; RETINAL VEIN; OPTIC DISC; TENSION GLAUCOMA; RISK-FACTORS; AMPLITUDE; HYPERTENSION; PROGRESSION; FLOW AB PURPOSE: To determine the influence of intraocular pulse pressure (IOPP) on the presence of spontaneous venous pulsations (SVP) in patients with normal intracranial pressure. DESIGN: Clinic-based cross-sectional study. METHODS: Forty-seven patients without signs and symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure were re, cruited from a general ophthalmology clinic. Patients with glaucoma or retinal vascular disease were excluded from the study. IOP was determined by applanation, and IOPP was measured with the Pascal Dynamic Contour Tonometer (Ziemer Group, Port, Switzerland). SVP were assessed by undilated (direct) and dilated indirect ophthalmoscopy. Other variables assessed included age, cup-to-disc ratio, and refractive error (spherical equivalent). The main outcome measure was the presence of SVPs with normal IOPP. RESULTS: The incidence of SVPs declined with in, creasing age in a nonlinear manner. Dilated examinations yielded the greatest sensitivity for detecting SVPs, with 91.5% of subjects having SVPs. However, in subjects with IOPP of 1.2 mm Fig or more in at least one eye, the incidence of SVPs was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: A significant correlation exists be, tween the amplitude of IOPP and the presence of SVPs with SVPs detected in one or both eyes of all patients with IOPP of 1.2 mm Hg or more. When IOPP is 1.2 mm Hg or more, absent SVPs may be more predictive of elevated intracranial pressure than previously recognized. (Am J Ophthalmol 2009;147:51-55. (c) 2009 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) C1 [Subramanian, Prem S.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Ophthalmol, Bethesda, MD USA. [Donnelly, Steven J.; Subramanian, Prem S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Donnelly, Steven J.] Winn Army Community Hosp, Ft Stewart, GA USA. RP Subramanian, PS (reprint author), Wilmer Eye Inst, Maumenee 127,600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM psubram1@jhmi.edu OI Subramanian, Prem/0000-0001-5824-8322 NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 147 IS 1 BP 51 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.07.035 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 387PK UT WOS:000261963900010 PM 18789795 ER PT J AU Anderson, DR Holmes, WW Fetterer, DP Kan, RK Sciuto, AM AF Anderson, D. R. Holmes, W. W. Fetterer, D. P. Kan, R. K. Sciuto, A. M. TI Lung Pathology Following Phosgene Inhalation in Mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Anderson, D. R.; Holmes, W. W.; Fetterer, D. P.; Kan, R. K.; Sciuto, A. M.] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM dana.r.anderson@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A2082 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733101201 ER PT J AU Collen, JF Greenburg, DL Holley, AB King, CS Hnatiuk, OW AF Collen, J. F. Greenburg, D. L. Holley, A. B. King, C. S. Hnatiuk, O. W. TI Racial Discordance in Spirometric Interpretations Using Four Commonly Used Reference Equations Versus NHANES III SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Collen, J. F.; Greenburg, D. L.; Holley, A. B.; King, C. S.; Hnatiuk, O. W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jcollen2002@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A1474 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733100473 ER PT J AU Collen, JF Holley, AB Lettieri, CJ Shah, AA Kelly, WF Roop, SA AF Collen, J. F. Holley, A. B. Lettieri, C. J. Shah, A. A. Kelly, W. F. Roop, S. A. TI Impact of Split-Night Versus Traditional Sleep Studies on CPAP Compliance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Collen, J. F.; Holley, A. B.; Lettieri, C. J.; Shah, A. A.; Kelly, W. F.; Roop, S. A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jcollen2002@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A1259 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733100260 ER PT J AU Eliasson, AH Kashani, MD Turner, E Vernalis, MN AF Eliasson, A. H. Kashani, M. D. Turner, E. Vernalis, M. N. TI Sleep Is a Critical Factor in the Maintenance of a Healthy Weight SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Eliasson, A. H.; Kashani, M. D.; Turner, E.; Vernalis, M. N.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Eliasson, A. H.; Kashani, M. D.; Turner, E.; Vernalis, M. N.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A2113 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733101232 ER PT J AU Holley, AB King, CS Jackson, JL Moores, LK AF Holley, A. B. King, C. S. Jackson, J. L. Moores, L. K. TI Optimal Duration of Anti-Coagulation Following Idiopathic Venous Thromboembolism SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Holley, A. B.; King, C. S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Jackson, J. L.; Moores, L. K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM aholley9@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A3288 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733102523 ER PT J AU Holmes, WW Fetterer, DP Conti, ML Anderson, DR AF Holmes, W. W. Fetterer, D. P. Conti, M. L. Anderson, D. R. TI Cytokine/Chemokine Profile in Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) Fluid Following Acute Sulfur Mustard Vapor Inhalation Exposure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Holmes, W. W.; Fetterer, D. P.; Conti, M. L.; Anderson, D. R.] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A5862 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733105453 ER PT J AU King, CS Khandhar, S Burton, N Shlobin, OA Ahmad, S Fregoso, MM Athale, C Barnett, SD Nathan, SD AF King, C. S. Khandhar, S. Burton, N. Shlobin, O. A. Ahmad, S. Fregoso, M. M. Athale, C. Barnett, S. D. Nathan, S. D. TI Native Lung Complications in Single Lung Transplant Recipients and the Role of Pneumonectomy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [King, C. S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Khandhar, S.; Burton, N.; Shlobin, O. A.; Ahmad, S.; Fregoso, M. M.; Athale, C.; Barnett, S. D.; Nathan, S. D.] Inova Fairfax Hosp, Fairfax, VA USA. EM christopher.king@amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A4610 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733104075 ER PT J AU Olivera, DS Sciuto, AM AF Olivera, D. S. Sciuto, A. M. TI In Vitro Model for Screening Therapeutics for Toxic Industrial Chemical Inhalation Injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Olivera, D. S.; Sciuto, A. M.] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Med Toxicol Branch, Analyt Toxicol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM dorian.olivera@amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A5867 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733105458 ER PT J AU Quast, TM Kenney, KL Massey, RA Kristo, DA Campbell, WW AF Quast, T. M. Kenney, K. L. Massey, R. A. Kristo, D. A. Campbell, W. W. TI Analysis of the Association between Headache and Sleep Disorders: A Prospective Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Quast, T. M.; Kenney, K. L.; Massey, R. A.; Kristo, D. A.; Campbell, W. W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Quast, T. M.; Kenney, K. L.; Campbell, W. W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM timothy.quast@med.navy.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A2114 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733101233 ER PT J AU Woodrow, JP Shlobin, OA Ahmad, S Nathan, SD AF Woodrow, J. P. Shlobin, O. A. Ahmad, S. Nathan, S. D. TI Prognosis Associated with Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Compared to Chronic Allograft Dysfunction Following Lung Transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Woodrow, J. P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Shlobin, O. A.; Ahmad, S.; Nathan, S. D.] Inova Fairfax Hosp, Lung Transplant Program, Falls Church, VA USA. EM steven.nathan@inova.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A2538 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733101657 ER PT J AU Woodrow, JP Shlobin, OA Barnett, SD Nathan, SD AF Woodrow, J. P. Shlobin, O. A. Barnett, S. D. Nathan, S. D. TI Prognostic Implication of Spirometric Patterns in Patients with Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Complicating Lung Transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Woodrow, J. P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Shlobin, O. A.; Barnett, S. D.; Nathan, S. D.] INOVA Fairfax Hosp, Lung Transplant Program, Falls Church, VA USA. EM steven.nathan@inova.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2009 VL 179 MA A2539 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V29FA UT WOS:000208733101658 ER PT J AU Zaslav, K Cole, B Brewster, R DeBerardino, T Farr, J Fowler, P Nissen, C AF Zaslav, Kenneth Cole, Brian Brewster, Robert DeBerardino, Thomas Farr, Jack Fowler, Peter Nissen, Carl TI A Prospective Study of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation in Patients With Failed Prior Treatment for Articular Cartilage Defect of the Knee Results of the Study of the Treatment of Articular Repair (STAR) Clinical Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE articular cartilage repair; autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI); Carticel ID FOCAL CHONDRAL DEFECTS; TRANSPLANTATION; DESIGNS; LESIONS; SYSTEM; INJURY AB Background: This is a prospective clinical study to assess the effectiveness of autologous chondrocyte implantation in patients who failed prior treatments for articular cartilage defects of the knee. Hypothesis: Autologous chondrocyte implantation provides clinical benefit in patients with failed articular cartilage treatments. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: One hundred fifty-four patients with failed treatment for articular cartilage defects of the knee received autologous chondrocyte implantation in a multicenter, prospective study. Follow-up was 48 months. Outcomes included change from baseline in knee function, knee pain, quality of life, and overall health. Duration of benefit after autologous chondrocyte implantation was compared with the failed prior non-autologous chondrocyte implantation procedure. Safety information was recorded. Additional analyses were performed on the 2 major cohorts of prior procedures entered into the study, marrow-stimulation technique or debridement alone, to assess if there were any significant differences in baseline characteristics, outcomes, or prognosis between the 2 groups. Results: One hundred twenty-six patients (82%) completed the protocol. Seventy-six percent of patients were treatment successes at study end, while 24% were deemed treatment failures. Preoperative mean knee pain score was 3.0 (SD, 1.8; 0 = severe, 10 = normal). Mean improvements were observed from baseline to all time points (P <.001) for all outcome measures. Preoperative to 48-month values, respectively, were as follows: On the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score subscales of pain: 48.7 to 72.2; other symptoms: 51.8 to 70.8; sports/recreation: 25.8 to 55.8; knee quality of life: 20.9 to 52.2; and activities of daily living: 58.6 to 81.0; on the Modified Cincinnati Overall Knee score: 3.3 to 6.3; on the visual analog scale: 28.8 to 69.9; and on the SF-36 Overall Physical Health: 33.0 to 44.4. Results did not differ between patients whose primary surgery had been a marrow-stimulating procedure and those whose primary procedure had been a debridement alone. The median difference in duration of benefit between autologous chondrocyte implantation and the failed non-autologous chondrocyte implantation prior procedure was at least 31 months (P <.001). Seventy-six patients (49%) had subsequent surgical procedure(s), predominantly arthroscopic. Need for a subsequent surgical procedure was not predictive of failure. Conclusion: Patients with moderate to large chondral lesions with failed prior cartilage treatments can expect sustained and clinically meaningful improvement in pain and function after autologous chondrocyte implantation. The subsequent surgical procedure rate observed in this study (49% overall; 40% related to autologous chondrocyte implantation) appears higher than generally reported after autologous chondrocyte implantation. C1 [Zaslav, Kenneth] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Adv Orthoped Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Richmond, VA 23294 USA. [Cole, Brian] Midwest Orthoped & Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. [Brewster, Robert] NW Orthoped Specialists PS, Spokane, WA USA. [DeBerardino, Thomas] Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY USA. [Farr, Jack] St Francis Hosp & Hlth Ctr, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Farr, Jack] Indiana Surg Ctr S, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Fowler, Peter] Aspetar Qatar Orthopaed & Sports Med Hosp, Doha, Qatar. [Nissen, Carl] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Hartford, CT USA. RP Zaslav, K (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Adv Orthoped Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, 7858 Shrader Rd, Richmond, VA 23294 USA. EM kzaslav@aocortho.com OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 FU Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts FX The study was sponsored by Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Genzyme provided assistance with statistical analysis and preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 120 Z9 125 U1 1 U2 18 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 37 IS 1 BP 42 EP 55 DI 10.1177/0363546508322897 PG 14 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 390XF UT WOS:000262196300003 PM 18927254 ER PT J AU Kinch, MS Yunus, AS Lear, C Mao, HW Chen, HS Fesseha, Z Luo, GX Nelson, EA Li, LM Huang, ZH Murray, M Ellis, WY Hensley, L Christopher-Hennings, J Olinger, GG Goldblatt, M AF Kinch, Michael S. Yunus, Abdul S. Lear, Calli Mao, Hanwen Chen, Hanson Fesseha, Zena Luo, Guangxiang Nelson, Eric A. Li, Limin Huang, Zhuhui Murray, Michael Ellis, William Y. Hensley, Lisa Christopher-Hennings, Jane Olinger, Gene G. Goldblatt, Michael TI FGI-104: a broad-spectrum small molecule inhibitor of viral infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Antiviral; HCV; Ebola virus; HBV; hepatitis; HIV AB The treatment of viral diseases remains an intractable problem facing the medical community. Conventional antivirals focus upon selective targeting of virus-encoded targets. However, the plasticity of viral nucleic acid mutation, coupled with the large number of progeny that can emerge from a single infected cells, often conspire to render conventional antivirals ineffective as resistant variants emerge. Compounding this, new viral pathogens are increasingly recognized and it is highly improbable that conventional approaches could address emerging pathogens in a timely manner. Our laboratories have adopted an orthogonal approach to combat viral disease: Target the host to deny the pathogen the ability to cause disease. The advantages of this novel approach are many-fold, including the potential to identify host pathways that are applicable to a broad-spectrum of pathogens. The acquisition of drug resistance might also be minimized since selective pressure is not directly placed upon the viral pathogen. Herein, we utilized this strategy of host-oriented therapeutics to screen small molecules for their abilities to block infection by multiple, unrelated virus types and identified FGI-104. FGI-104 demonstrates broad-spectrum inhibition of multiple blood-borne pathogens (HCV, HBV, HIV) as well as emerging biothreats (Ebola, VEE, Cowpox, PRRSV infection). We also demonstrate that FGI-104 displays an ability to prevent lethality from Ebola in vivo. Altogether, these findings reinforce the concept of host-oriented therapeutics and present a much-needed opportunity to identify antiviral drugs that are broad-spectrum and durable in their application. C1 [Kinch, Michael S.; Yunus, Abdul S.; Mao, Hanwen; Chen, Hanson; Fesseha, Zena; Li, Limin; Goldblatt, Michael] Funct Genet Inc, Gaithersburg, MD 20882 USA. [Lear, Calli; Hensley, Lisa; Olinger, Gene G.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Luo, Guangxiang] Univ Kentucky, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Lexington, KY USA. [Nelson, Eric A.; Christopher-Hennings, Jane] S Dakota State Univ, Vet Sci Dept, Ctr Infect Dis Res & Vaccinol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Huang, Zhuhui; Murray, Michael] So Res Inst, Hepatitis Res Program, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Ellis, William Y.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Kinch, MS (reprint author), 708 Quince Orchard Rd, Gaithersburg, MD 20882 USA. EM mkinch@functional-genetics.com FU NIAID NIH HHS [R21 AI092074, R21 AI070769]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R21 DK079293] NR 36 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU E-CENTURY PUBLISHING CORP PI MADISON PA 40 WHITE OAKS LN, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1943-8141 J9 AM J TRANSL RES JI Am. J. Transl. Res. PY 2009 VL 1 IS 1 BP 87 EP 98 PG 12 WC Oncology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Oncology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA V28PV UT WOS:000208693600011 PM 19966942 ER PT J AU Graham, LJ Hurst, FP Jindal, RM Falta, EM Agodoa, LY Neff, RT Abbott, KC AF Graham, Lindsey J. Hurst, Frank P. Jindal, Rahul M. Falta, Edward M. Agodoa, Lawrence Y. Neff, Robert T. Abbott, Kevin C. TI Incidence and Predictors of De Novo Renal Cell Carcinoma after Kidney Transplantation. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Joint Meeting of the American-Society-of-Transplant-Surgeon/American-Society-of-Transplantati on CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Amer Soc Transplantat C1 [Graham, Lindsey J.; Hurst, Frank P.; Jindal, Rahul M.; Falta, Edward M.; Neff, Robert T.; Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Agodoa, Lawrence Y.] NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PY 2009 VL 9 BP 238 EP 238 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 431NQ UT WOS:000265068800166 ER PT J AU Cohee, BM Hartzell, JD Hurst, FP Jindal, RM Agodoa, LY Abbott, KC Neff, RT AF Cohee, Brian M. Hartzell, Joshua D. Hurst, Frank P. Jindal, Rahul M. Agodoa, Lawrence Y. Abbott, Kevin C. Neff, Robert T. TI Incidence and Prognosis of West Nile Virus Following Kidney Transplantation. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Joint Meeting of the American-Society-of-Transplant-Surgeon/American-Society-of-Transplantati on CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Amer Soc Transplantat C1 [Cohee, Brian M.; Hartzell, Joshua D.; Hurst, Frank P.; Jindal, Rahul M.; Abbott, Kevin C.; Neff, Robert T.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Agodoa, Lawrence Y.] NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PY 2009 VL 9 BP 301 EP 301 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 431NQ UT WOS:000265068800383 ER PT J AU Lentine, K Schnitzler, M Xiao, HL Salvalaggio, P Davis, C Abbott, K Axelrod, D Brennan, D AF Lentine, Krista Schnitzler, Mark Xiao, Huiling Salvalaggio, Paolo Davis, Connie Abbott, Kevin Axelrod, David Brennan, Daniel TI Variability in Prevalent Post-Donation Comorbidity among Prior Living Kidney Donors: Importance of Race, Sex and Age. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Joint Meeting of the American-Society-of-Transplant-Surgeon/American-Society-of-Transplantati on CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Amer Soc Transplantat C1 [Lentine, Krista; Schnitzler, Mark; Xiao, Huiling] St Louis Univ, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Salvalaggio, Paolo; Davis, Connie] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Abbott, Kevin] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Axelrod, David] Dartmouth Coll, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. [Brennan, Daniel] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PY 2009 VL 9 BP 371 EP 372 PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 431NQ UT WOS:000265068800625 ER PT J AU Gage, F Gillern, S Graybill, J Leeser, D Jindal, R Thai, N Tadaki, D Elster, E AF Gage, F. Gillern, S. Graybill, J. Leeser, D. Jindal, R. Thai, N. Tadaki, D. Elster, E. TI Kidney Perfusion Using Hypothermic and Room Temperature Perfusates. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Joint Meeting of the American-Society-of-Transplant-Surgeon/American-Society-of-Transplantati on CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Amer Soc Transplantat C1 [Gage, F.; Gillern, S.; Graybill, J.; Tadaki, D.; Elster, E.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Leeser, D.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Surg, New York, NY USA. [Jindal, R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Thai, N.] Allegheny Gen Hosp, Div Transplantat, Pittsburgh, PA 15212 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PY 2009 VL 9 BP 484 EP 484 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 431NQ UT WOS:000265068801043 ER PT J AU Lentine, K Xiao, HL Schnitzler, M Abbott, K Brennan, D AF Lentine, Krista Xiao, Huiling Schnitzler, Mark Abbott, Kevin Brennan, Daniel TI The Impact of Kidney Transplanation on Heart Failure Risk Varies with Body Mass Index. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 9th Joint Meeting of the American-Society-of-Transplant-Surgeon/American-Society-of-Transplantati on CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Amer Soc Transplantat C1 [Lentine, Krista; Xiao, Huiling; Schnitzler, Mark] St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Abbott, Kevin] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Brennan, Daniel] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PY 2009 VL 9 BP 705 EP 705 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 431NQ UT WOS:000265068801873 ER PT J AU Vaughan, JA Focks, DA Turell, MJ AF Vaughan, Jefferson A. Focks, Dana A. Turell, Michael J. TI Simulation Models Examining the Effect of Brugian Filariasis on Dengue Epidemics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; LIFE TABLE MODEL; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI; INCREASED DISSEMINATION; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; DIROFILARIA-IMMITIS; MICROFILARIAE AB Concurrent ingestion of microfilariae (mf) and arboviruses by mosquitoes can enhance the transmission of Virus compared with When Virus is ingested alone. We studied the effect of mf enhancement oil the extrinsic incubation period (EIP) of dengue 1 virus within Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes by feeding mosquitoes oil blood that either contained virus Plus Boigia malayi mf or virus only. Mosquitoes were sampled over time to determine viral dissemination rates. Co-ingestion of mf and virus reduced viral EIP by over half We used the computer simulation program, DENSiM. to compare the predicted patterns of dengue incidence that would result from such a shortened EIP versus the EIP derived from the control (i.e.. virus only) group of mosquitoes. Results indicated that, over the 14-year simulation period, mf-induced acceleration of the EIP would generate more frequent (but not necessarily more severe) epidemics. Potential interactions between arboviruses and hematozoans deserve closer scrutiny. C1 [Vaughan, Jefferson A.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Biol, Diagnost Syst Div, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Turell, Michael J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Focks, Dana A.] Infect Dis Anal, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Vaughan, JA (reprint author), Univ N Dakota, Dept Biol, Diagnost Syst Div, POB 9019, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM jefferson_vaughan@und.nodak.edu; DAFocks@ID-Analysis.com; michael.turell@amedd.army.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI49477] NR 42 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 BP 44 EP 50 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 393RY UT WOS:000262391700011 PM 19141838 ER PT J AU MacAllister, IE Jakoby, MG Geryk, B Schneider, RL Cropek, DM AF MacAllister, Irene E. Jakoby, Michael G. Geryk, Bruce Schneider, Roger L. Cropek, Donald M. TI Use of the thyrocyte sodium iodide symporter as the basis for a perchlorate cell-based assay SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE; THROUGH BULK OPTODE; MEMBRANE-ELECTRODE; ACTIVE-TRANSPORT; THYROID-CELLS; COMPLEX; WATER; INHIBITORS; ANION AB Perchlorates are strong oxidants widely employed in military and civilian energetic materials and recently have been scrutinized as persistent environmental pollutants. The perchlorate anion, ClO(4)(-), is a well-known and potent competitive inhibitor of iodide transport by the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) expressed in the basolateral membranes of thyroid follicular cells (thyrocytes). Iodide uptake by thyroid follicular cells is rapid and reproducible. The competitive radiotransporter assay in this study shows promise as a rapid and convenient method to assay for ClO(4)(-) in water samples at the nM level. This work describes the initial efforts to define the assay conditions that enhance NIS selectivity for ClO(4)(-). Experiments of 10 min co-incubation of ClO(4)(-) and (125)I(-) demonstrate a more significant effect on (125)I(-) transport, with a quantifiable ClO(4)(-) concentration range of 50 nM (5 ppb) to 2 mu M (200 ppb), and IC(50) of 180 nM (18 ppb), nearly three-fold lower than previous reports. Since the IC50 in our assay for other known competitor anions (SCN(-), ClO(3)(-), NO(3)(-)) remains unchanged from previous research, the increased sensitivity for ClO(4)(-) also produces a three-fold enhancement in selectivity. In addition to the possible applicability of the thyrocyte to the development of a cellular perchlorate biosensor, we propose that the high affinity of the NIS for ClO(4)(-) also creates the potential for exploiting this membrane protein as a selective, sensitive, and broadly applicable biomechanical mechanism for controlled movement and concentration of perchlorate. C1 [MacAllister, Irene E.; Cropek, Donald M.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Jakoby, Michael G.; Geryk, Bruce] Univ Nevada, Sch Med, Las Vegas, NV 89135 USA. [Schneider, Roger L.] Rho Sigma Associates Inc, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217 USA. RP Cropek, DM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM mgjakoby@medicine.nevada.edu; rls@rhosigmass.com; Donald.M.Cropek@usace.army.mil FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Basic Research Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Basic Research Program. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PY 2009 VL 134 IS 2 BP 320 EP 324 DI 10.1039/b802710b PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 400EB UT WOS:000262849700018 PM 19173056 ER PT J AU Hastings, G Krug, P Wang, RL Guo, J Lamichhane, HP Tang, T Hsu, YS Ward, J Katz, D Hilliard, J AF Hastings, Gary Krug, Peter Wang, Ruili Guo, Jing Lamichhane, Hari P. Tang, Tian Hsu, Yu-sheng Ward, John Katz, David Hilliard, Julia TI Viral infection of cells in culture detected using infrared microscopy SO ANALYST LA English DT Article ID HERPES VIRUSES; FTIR MICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; IDENTIFICATION AB FTIR microscopy has been used to collect spectra for uninfected ( mock) Vero cells, and cells that have been infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and human adenovirus type 5 (Ad-5). Cells were infected at a multiplicity of infection of 10, and studied at 24 hours post exposure. The spectra for infected samples display many differences compared to the spectra for uninfected samples. To estimate how well the spectra for uninfected and infected samples could be discriminated, we used logistic and partial least squares regression methods. We show that the spectra for HSV-1 and mock infected samples are well differentiated and, for a sensitivity of 95%, we calculate a specificity of 0.999 using partial least squares regression. Spectra for Ad-5 and mock infected samples are also well differentiated. We find that applying our regression models constructed with one data set to a new validating data set still gives very high levels of specificity for a given sensitivity. Spectra for Ad-5 and HSV-1 infected samples are also differentiable. Applying our constructed regression models to new validating data, however, leads to a decrease in the discrimination capability in this instance. If one is simply interested in differentiating spectra associated with uninfected and infected cells, without distinguishing the type of infection, then we show that logistic regression models can break down whereas partial least squares regression models perform well. C1 [Hastings, Gary; Wang, Ruili; Guo, Jing; Lamichhane, Hari P.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Krug, Peter; Katz, David; Hilliard, Julia] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Krug, Peter; Katz, David; Hilliard, Julia] Georgia State Univ, Viral Immunol Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Tang, Tian; Hsu, Yu-sheng] Georgia State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Ward, John] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hastings, G (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM ghastings@gsu.edu FU Department of the Army; Medical Research Acquisition Activity [W81XWH-06-1-0795]; Georgia Research Alliance FX This work was supported by the Department of the Army ( U. S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity, Contract grant number: W81XWH-06-1-0795), and the Georgia Research Alliance. The opinions or assertions herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. We acknowledge Dr Pinhas Fuchs and Dr Chadi Filfili for critically reviewing this manuscript. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PY 2009 VL 134 IS 7 BP 1462 EP 1471 DI 10.1039/b902154j PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 464IY UT WOS:000267499800029 PM 19562216 ER PT J AU Stratis-Cullum, DN McMasters, S Pellegrino, PM AF Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N. McMasters, Sun Pellegrino, Paul M. TI Evaluation of Relative Aptamer Binding to Campylobacter jejuni Bacteria Using Affinity Probe Capillary Electrophoresis SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Affinity probes; aptamer; bioassay; Campylobacter jejuni; capillary electrophoresis; food pathogen ID PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION; IN-VITRO SELECTION; EQUILIBRIUM MIXTURES; DNA APTAMERS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MOLECULAR APTAMERS; EMERGING CLASS; RECOGNITION; SELEX; LIGANDS AB A qualitative capillary electrophoresis immunoassay was developed for the first-time to evaluate aptamer binding to bacterial cells. Binding affinity of aptamers developed against a Campylobacter jejuni bacterial cell target, relative to other common food-borne pathogens was investigated and specific binding affinity was evidenced by pronounced mobility shift and peak broadening with increasing bacteria concentration for both aptamers. Little to no mobility shift was observed for food-borne pathogens, Salmonella typhirium and Escherichia coli, even when increasing concentrations 10-fold over target. These results suggest that affinity probe capillary electrophoresis could be useful for qualitative screening of aptamer candidates for bacterial cell targets. C1 [Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stratis-Cullum, DN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EO, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dimitra.stratiscullum1@us.army.mil FU Natick Soldier Center [DAAD16-00-C-09221] FX We wish to thank Dr. Andy Senecal from US Army Soldier & Biological Chemical Command from Natick Soldier Center for providing us with C. jejuni-aptamer sequences (Contract# DAAD16-00-C-09221). We would also like to extend our appreciation to Oak Ridge Associated Universities for the postdoctoral fellowship and Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate of the US Army Research Laboratory in Adelphi, MD for their support. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 2009 VL 42 IS 15 BP 2389 EP 2402 AR PII 915666130 DI 10.1080/00032710903137376 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 503NX UT WOS:000270544700004 ER PT J AU Chung, MK White, PS Lee, SJ Gagne, MR AF Chung, Mee-Kyung White, Peter S. Lee, Stephen J. Gagne, Michel R. TI Synthesis of Interlocked 56-Membered Rings by Dynamic Self-Templating SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION LA English DT Article DE molecular recognition; self-assembly; supramolecular chemistry; template synthesis ID COMBINATORIAL LIBRARIES; SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY; PEPTIDES; PROTEINS; AMPLIFICATION; STABILITY; COMPLEXES; DISCOVERY; RECEPTOR; BONDS C1 [Chung, Mee-Kyung; White, Peter S.; Gagne, Michel R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lee, Stephen J.] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gagne, MR (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mgagne@unc.edu NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1433-7851 J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit. PY 2009 VL 48 IS 46 BP 8683 EP 8686 DI 10.1002/anie.200903478 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 522AO UT WOS:000271969400008 PM 19816896 ER PT J AU Harrison, WD Cox, LH Hock, R March, RS Pettit, EC AF Harrison, W. D. Cox, L. H. Hock, R. March, R. S. Pettit, E. C. TI Implications for the dynamic health of a glacier from comparison of conventional and reference-surface balances SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; MASS-BALANCE; TIME-SCALE; ICE-SHEETS; CLIMATE; ALASKA; USA AB Conventional and reference-surface mass-balance data from Gulkana and Wolverine Glaciers, Alaska, USA, are used to address the questions of how rapidly these glaciers are adjusting (or 'responding') to climate, whether their responses are stable, and whether the glaciers are likely to survive in today's climate. Instability means that a glacier will eventually vanish, or at least become greatly reduced in volume, if the climate stabilizes at its present state. A simple non-linear theory of response is presented for the analysis. The response of Gulkana Glacier is characterized by a timescale of several decades, but its stability and therefore its survival in today's climate are uncertain. Wolverine seems to be responding to climate more slowly, on the timescale of one to several centuries. Its stability is also uncertain, but a slower response time would make it more susceptible to climate changes. C1 [Harrison, W. D.; Hock, R.] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Cox, L. H.] Univ Montana, Dept Geophys Engn, Montana Tech, Butte, MT 59701 USA. [Hock, R.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [March, R. S.] US Geol Survey Glaciol, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Pettit, E. C.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. RP Harrison, WD (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM harrison@gi.alaska.edu RI Hock, Regine/C-6179-2013 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU INT GLACIOL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0260-3055 J9 ANN GLACIOL JI Ann. Glaciol. PY 2009 VL 50 IS 50 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 626TN UT WOS:000279990100005 ER PT J AU Welch, BC Jacobel, RW Arcone, SA AF Welch, Brian C. Jacobel, Robert W. Arcone, Steven A. TI First results from radar profiles collected along the US-ITASE traverse from Taylor Dome to South Pole (2006-2008) SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EAST ANTARCTIC PLATEAU; WEST ANTARCTICA; ACCUMULATION; FIRN AB The 2006/07 and 2007/08 US-ITASE traverses from Taylor Dome to South Pole in East Antarctica provided opportunities to survey the subglacial and englacial environments using 3 MHz and 200 MHz radar. We present first results of these new ground-based radar data. A prominent basal deformation layer indicates different ice-flow regimes for the northern and southern halves of the Byrd Glacier drainage. Buried dune stratigraphy that appears to be related to the megadunes towards the west occurs at depths of up to 1500 m. At least two new water-filled subglacial lakes were discovered, while two recently drained lakes identified from repeat ICESat surface elevation surveys appear to be devoid of water. C1 [Welch, Brian C.; Jacobel, Robert W.] St Olaf Coll, Dept Phys, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. [Arcone, Steven A.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Welch, BC (reprint author), St Olaf Coll, Dept Phys, 1500 St Olaf Ave, Northfield, MN 55057 USA. EM jacobel@stolaf.edu FU US National Science Foundation [OPP-0440304, OPP-0440533] FX We appreciate the comments from O. Eisen and two anonymous reviewers. We also thank the US-ITASE team members for making the data acquisition possible, and Raytheon Polar Services Corporation, the US Air National Guard and Kenn Borek Air for field logistics. This work was funded by US National Science Foundation grants OPP-0440304 and OPP-0440533. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 10 PU INT GLACIOL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0260-3055 J9 ANN GLACIOL JI Ann. Glaciol. PY 2009 VL 50 IS 51 BP 35 EP 41 PG 7 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 628HL UT WOS:000280106200006 ER PT J AU Arcone, SA Kreutz, K AF Arcone, Steven A. Kreutz, Karl TI GPR reflection profiles of Clark and Commonwealth Glaciers, Dry Valleys, Antarctica SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; WEST ANTARCTICA; CORE; FIRN; SNOW; GLACIOCHEMISTRY; STRATIGRAPHY; ACCUMULATION; CIRCULATION AB Englacial horizons deeper than 100 m are absent within 100 MHz ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surface profiles we recorded on Clark and Commonwealth Glaciers in the Antarctic Dry Valleys region. Both glaciers show continuous bottom horizons to 280 m, with bottom signal-to-noise ratios near 30 dB. Density horizons should fade below 50 m depth because impermeable ice occurred by 36 m. Folding within Commonwealth Glacier could preclude radar strata beneath about 80 m depth, but there is no significant folding within Clark Glacier. Strong sulfate concentrations and contrasts exist in our shallow ice core. However, it appears that high background concentration levels, and possible decreased concentration contrasts with depth placed their corresponding reflection coefficients at the limit of, or below, our system sensitivity by about 77 m depth. Further verification of this conclusion awaits processing of our deep-core chemistry profiles. C1 [Arcone, Steven A.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Kreutz, Karl] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Arcone, SA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Steven.A.Arcone@usace.army.mil FU US National Science Foundation [OPP-0228052] FX US National Science Foundation award OPP-0228052 supported this work. We thank our program manager J. Palais and our fellow project members E. Osterberg, B. Williamson and M. Waskiewicz for their support, and H. Anschutz and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU INT GLACIOL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0260-3055 J9 ANN GLACIOL JI Ann. Glaciol. PY 2009 VL 50 IS 51 BP 121 EP 129 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 628HL UT WOS:000280106200018 ER PT J AU Bovill, ME Scrimgeour, AG Polhemus, ME Otieno, L Jayne, J AF Bovill, Maria E. Scrimgeour, Angus G. Polhemus, Mark E. Otieno, Lucas Jayne, Julianna TI VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY (VAD) IN KENYAN ADULTS SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bovill, Maria E.] USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Scrimgeour, Angus G.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Polhemus, Mark E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Otieno, Lucas] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Apo Ae, Kenya. [Jayne, Julianna] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 220 EP 220 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827200839 ER PT J AU Jayne, JM Scrimgeour, A Polhemus, M Otieno, L Bovill, M AF Jayne, Julianna M. Scrimgeour, Angus Polhemus, Mark Otieno, Lucas Bovill, Maria TI SOCIOECONOMIC AND DIETARY CORRELATES OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN A RURAL ADULT KENYAN POPULATION SO ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jayne, Julianna M.] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [Scrimgeour, Angus] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Polhemus, Mark] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Otieno, Lucas] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bovill, Maria] US Army Med Dept Ctr & Sch, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0250-6807 J9 ANN NUTR METAB JI Ann. Nutr. Metab. PY 2009 VL 55 SU 1 BP 606 EP 606 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 507CF UT WOS:000270827202419 ER PT J AU Kragh, JF Walters, TJ Baer, DG Fox, CJ Wade, CE Salinas, J Holcomb, JB AF Kragh, John F., Jr. Walters, Thomas J. Baer, David G. Fox, Charles J. Wade, Charles E. Salinas, Jose Holcomb, John B. TI Survival With Emergency Tourniquet Use to Stop Bleeding in Major Limb Trauma SO ANNALS OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGE CONTROL; BATTLEFIELD; ARMY; CONTROVERSY; MORTALITY; SYSTEMS; FORCES; INJURY; DEATH; CARE AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if emergency tourniquet use saved lives. Summary Background Data: Tourniquets have been proposed as lifesaving devices in the current war and are now issued to all soldiers. Few studies, however, describe their actual use in combat casualties. Methods: A prospective survey of injured who required tourniquets was performed over 7 months in 2006 (NCT00517166 at ClinicalTrials.gov). Follow-up averaged 28 days. The study was at a combat support hospital in Baghdad. Among 2838 injured and admitted civilian and military casualties with major limb trauma, 232 (8%) had 428 tourniquets applied on 309 injured limbs. We looked at emergency tourniquet use, and casualties were evaluated for shock (weak or absent radial pulse) and prehospital versus emergency department (ED) tourniquet use, We also looked at those casualities indicated for tourniquets but had none used. We assessed survival rates and limb outcome. Results: There were 31 deaths (13%). Tourniquet use when shock was absent was strongly associated with survival (90% vs. 10%; P < 0.001). Prehospital tourniquets were applied in 194 patients of which 22 died (11% mortality), whereas 38 patients had ED application of which 9 died (24% mortality; P = 0.05). The 5 casualties indicated for tourniquets but had none used had a survival rate of 0% versus 87% for those casualties with tourniquets used (P < 0.001). Four patients (1.7%) sustained transient nerve palsy at the level of the tourniquet. No amputations resulted solely from tourniquet use. Conclusions: Tourniquet use when shock was absent was strongly associated with saved lives, and prehospital use was also strongly associated with lifesaving. No limbs were lost due to tourniquet use. Education and fielding of prehospital tourniquets in the military environment should continue. C1 [Kragh, John F., Jr.; Walters, Thomas J.; Baer, David G.; Wade, Charles E.; Salinas, Jose; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Fox, Charles J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kragh, JF (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 32 TC 180 Z9 182 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-4932 J9 ANN SURG JI Ann. Surg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 249 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31818842ba PG 7 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 391FN UT WOS:000262219300001 PM 19106667 ER PT S AU Cook, JL AF Cook, Jason L. GP IEEE TI System of Systems Reliability for Multi-State Systems SO ANNUAL RELIABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY SYMPOSIUM, 2009 PROCEEDINGS SE Reliability and Maintainability Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Reliability & Maintainability Symposium CY JAN 26-29, 2009 CL Ft Worth, TX DE Graph Theory; Multi-State Reliability; Network Reliability; System of Systems AB The proliferation of networking technologies in commercial, consumer, and industrial applications has been mirrored in the defense industry. The US Department of Defense, along with comparable organizations abroad, have adopted a network centric paradigm for emerging and future systems. This migration to an information based approach is akin to the move to Just-In-Time manufacturing. That is, both approaches seek to achieve synergies from Information rather than from bulk of material. In the JIT case, this material is e component parts or materials, and in the military SoS the material may be armor and/or ammunition. Specifically, the US military is attempting to leverage the synergies of net centricity in order to obtain a more mobile and lighter fighting fleet that retains the same lethality and survivability by shedding armor and ammo in favor of information (radios and computers). In previous years, this author has presented papers on network reliability [1] and multi-state reliability [2] to the RAMS. In this year's paper, the notion of multi-state reliability is combined with the ad-hoc network reliability methods. This integrated model provides the ability to measure, in capacity terms the reliability of a SoS level by considering the network's state (connectivity) temporally and the interactions and contributions of its elements. Specifically, this paper describes a mathematical construct for simulating the capacity of general functions including lethality, mobility, survivability, reconnaissance, and supportability based upon traditional probabilistic measures of reliability. Next, the paper will describe a new method to combine those platform capabilities to an aggregate SoS level capability that is dependent on the connectivity between those nodes and the resultant synergies realized due to said connectivity. C1 USA, ARDEC, Qual Engn & Syst Assurance Directorate, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Cook, JL (reprint author), USA, ARDEC, Qual Engn & Syst Assurance Directorate, Bldg 62 N, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM Jason.Cook1@us.army.mil NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-144X BN 978-1-4244-2508-2 J9 P REL MAINT S PY 2009 BP 13 EP 18 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BLM45 UT WOS:000270538700003 ER PT S AU Cushing, MJ Long, EA Hockenberry, M AF Cushing, Michael J. Long, E. Andrew Hockenberry, Margaret GP IEEE TI Development of Reliability Program Standard GEIA-STD-0009 SO ANNUAL RELIABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY SYMPOSIUM, 2009 PROCEEDINGS SE Reliability and Maintainability Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium CY JAN 26-29, 2009 CL Ft Worth, TX DE reliability management; reliability program; reliability program standard; reliability standard AB Until recently, Military Standard 785 [1] was the primary reliability program standard used by the US Department of Defense (DoD). MIL-STD-785 consisted of a menu of tasks that program managers could select from in order to construct a reliability program for a specific acquisition. Many systems subjected to operational field testing by the DoD failed to demonstrate their reliability requirements. MIL-STD-785 was cancelled in 1998 after two industry standards were developed as alternatives: IEEE 1332 [2] and SAE JA1000 [3]. The requirements set forth in both IEEE 1332 and SAE JA1000 are very concise and consist primarily of statements of three objectives. Many systems still fail to demonstrate their reliability requirements during operational field testing as depicted in Figure 1 [4]. [GRAPHICS] The main issue the GEIA-STD-0009 [5] Working Group faced was: How to construct a new reliability program standard that would integrate the reliability design, manufacturing, and life-cycle management processes firmly within the systems-engineering process, and do so by specifying what to do, but not how to do it? This was accomplished by: 1) identifying the top-level normative (i.e., mandatory) activities that must be undertaken in order to design, manufacture, and field a reliable system/product; and 2) developing language that integrates these activities with each other and the systems-engineering process. Fortunately, the Working Group did not need to start from scratch but instead was able to use valuable elements from previous standards and guides. This paper presents the rationale behind development of GEIA-STD-0009, the logic that underpins its construction, and an overview of its contents. C1 [Cushing, Michael J.] USA, Evaluat Ctr, Test & Evaluat Command, 4120 Susquehanna Ave, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Long, E. Andrew] Logist Management Inst, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Hockenberry, Margaret] US Army Mat Syst Anal Activ, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cushing, MJ (reprint author), USA, Evaluat Ctr, Test & Evaluat Command, 4120 Susquehanna Ave, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM michael.cushing@us.army.mil; along@lmi.org; margaret.hockenberry@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-144X BN 978-1-4244-2508-2 J9 P REL MAINT S PY 2009 BP 299 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BLM45 UT WOS:000270538700053 ER PT S AU Tananko, DE Kumar, S Paulson, J Chang, NJ AF Tananko, Dmitry E. Kumar, Sharad Paulson, John Chang, N. Jenny GP IEEE TI Reliability Growth of Mobile Gun System during Production Verification Test SO ANNUAL RELIABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY SYMPOSIUM, 2009 PROCEEDINGS SE Reliability and Maintainability Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium CY JAN 26-29, 2009 CL Ft Worth, TX DE DART; Evaluation FD/SC; MGS; OMS/MP; PVT; Reliability; RGA; SA; TAFT; Test; TFFT AB Product Verification Test (PVT) plays an important role in the verification and demonstration of Key Performance Parameters (KPPs) and System Reliability of the Autonomous or Manned Systems. Considerable effort was put into improving Reliability of the Stryker MGS before and during PVT. In this publication, the authors discuss a successful conduct of PVT for Stryker MGS, during which the unprecedented reliability Growth Rate of 0.38 was achieved. The publication describes implementation of Systems Engineering principles employed during the MGS program, as well as System Aborts (SAs) data analysis conducted using Reliability Growth Analysis (RGA) and Design Actions Report and Tracking (DART) system. During Reliability Growth Testing, it becomes very important to have a proper understanding of the test data that triggers proper engineering analysis and consequently fuels Reliability Growth of the system during its developmental testing. In order to substantially improve reliability of the system during Product Qualification Test (PQT) or PVT, it is imperative to have well defined Failure Definition Scoring Criteria (FDSC), established engineering Root Cause Analysis (RCA) process, and fast implementation of verified design fixes (DART) that address observed Failure Modes. This publication discusses the Reliability Methodology utilized during PVT of MGS as well as some of the Systems Engineering principles employed in order to actively improve the design of MGS. Such an approach completes the Test-Find-Fix-Test (TFFT) cycle, further improves MGS Reliability and meets the requirements for the Mission Equipment Package (MEP). Substantial efforts were made not only to capture both positive and negative outcomes of this program, but also to mature the MGS program into a Design For Reliability (DFR) methodology that can be utilized in future programs with greater success. C1 [Tananko, Dmitry E.] GDLS, Reliabil & Robust Engn, 38500 Mound Rd, Sterling Hts, MI 48310 USA. [Kumar, Sharad] GDLS, Syst Engn, Sterling Hts, MI 48310 USA. [Paulson, John] GDLS, Stryker Program, Sterling Hts, MI 48310 USA. [Chang, N. Jenny] US Army, TACOM TARDEC, PMO SBCT, Sterling Hts, MI 48310 USA. RP Tananko, DE (reprint author), GDLS, Reliabil & Robust Engn, 38500 Mound Rd, Sterling Hts, MI 48310 USA. EM tanankod@gdls.edu; kumar@gdls.com; paulsonj@gdls.com; nanhi.j.chang@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-144X BN 978-1-4244-2508-2 J9 P REL MAINT S PY 2009 BP 372 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BLM45 UT WOS:000270538700066 ER PT S AU Hall, JB Mosleh, A AF Hall, J. Brian Mosleh, Ali GP IEEE TI Bayesian Methods for Evaluating Discrete Reliability Growth SO ANNUAL RELIABILITY AND MAINTAINABILITY SYMPOSIUM, 2009 PROCEEDINGS SE Reliability and Maintainability Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium CY JAN 26-29, 2009 CL Ft Worth, TX ID ONE-SHOT SYSTEMS AB Bayesian estimation procedures are derived herein that may be utilized to evaluate reliability growth of discrete systems, such as guns, rockets, missile systems, torpedoes, etc. One of the advantages of these Bayesian procedures is that they directly quantify the epistemic uncertainties in model parameters (i.e., the shape parameters of the beta distribution), as well as six reliability growth metrics of basic interest to program management. These metrics include: (1) the initial system reliability; (2) the projected reliability following failure mode mitigation; (3) reliability growth potential (i.e., the theoretical upper-limit on reliability achieved by finding and fixing all failure modes via a specified level of fix effectiveness); (4) the expected number of failure modes observed during testing; (5) the probability of observing a new failure mode; and (6) the fraction of the initial system probability of failure associated with failure modes for which program management is aware. These metrics [18] give reliability practitioners the means to estimate the reliability of discrete systems undergoing development, address model goodness-of-fit concerns, quantify programmatic risk, and assess system maturity. Analytical results are presented to obtain Bayes' estimates of the beta shape parameters under a delayed corrective action strategy (i.e., when corrective actions are installed on system prototypes at the end of the current test phase). A Monte Carlo simulation approach is given for constructing uncertainty distributions on each of the aforementioned reliability growth management metrics. Bayesian probability limits for inference on interval estimation are obtained in the usual manner (i.e., via desired percentiles of the uncertainty distributions). These uncertainty distributions are found to be approximated very well by beta and/or Gaussian random variables. These methods are illustrated by simple numerical examples. In particular Bayes' estimates the beta shape parameters are obtained from a small dataset, and compared against the true parameter values. Bayesian epistemic uncertainty distributions are also constructed for the reliability growth management metrics via the proposed Monte Carlo approach. This methodology is useful to program managers and reliability practitioners that wish to quantitatively assess the reliability growth program of one-shot systems developed under a delayed corrective action strategy. C1 [Hall, J. Brian] USA, Evaluat Ctr, 4120 Susquehanna Ave, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Mosleh, Ali] Univ Calif, Nucl Sci & Engn, Santa Cruz, CA USA. RP Hall, JB (reprint author), USA, Evaluat Ctr, 4120 Susquehanna Ave, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM brian.hall@us.army.mil; mosleh@umd.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-144X BN 978-1-4244-2508-2 J9 P REL MAINT S PY 2009 BP 384 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BLM45 UT WOS:000270538700068 ER PT S AU Stetz, MC Bouchard, S Wiederhold, BK Riva, G Folen, RA AF Stetz, Melba C. Bouchard, Stephane Wiederhold, Brenda K. Riva, Giuseppe Folen, Raymond A. BE Wiederhold, BK Riva, G TI The Receptiveness of Stress Management Techniques by Military Personnel SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF CYBERTHERAPY AND TELEMEDICINE 2009: ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BEHAVIORAL, SOCIAL AND NEUROSCIENCES SE Studies in Health Technology and Informatics LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Stress Management Techniques; Military Service Members AB Many military service members suffer from stress. Sixty Soldiers participated in a study designed to test receptivity to stress management techniques. Preliminary analyses of surveys and a focus group suggested that participants not only liked practicing relaxation techniques but would also continue practicing these after completion of the present study. C1 [Stetz, Melba C.; Folen, Raymond A.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Wiederhold, Brenda K.] Virtual Real Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Riva, Giuseppe] Ist Auxol Italiano, Milan, Italy. [Bouchard, Stephane] Univ Quebec Outaouais, Outaouais, PQ, Canada. RP Stetz, MC (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RI Riva, Giuseppe/C-5917-2008 OI Riva, Giuseppe/0000-0003-3657-106X NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9630 BN 978-1-60750-017-9 J9 STUD HEALTH TECHNOL PY 2009 VL 144 BP 125 EP 127 DI 10.3233/978-1-60750-017-9-125 PG 3 WC Psychology, Clinical; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Health Policy & Services; Psychology; Psychology, Social SC Psychology; Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services GA BKZ13 UT WOS:000269659900030 PM 19592747 ER PT J AU Perovich, DK Richter-Menge, JA AF Perovich, Donald K. Richter-Menge, Jacqueline A. TI Loss of Sea Ice in the Arctic SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE SE Annual Review of Marine Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Arctic sea ice; climate change; ice-albedo feedback ID INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MELT SEASON; SUMMER; OCEAN; ALBEDO; COVER; SHEBA; TEMPERATURE; THICKNESS AB The Arctic sea ice cover is in decline. The areal extent of the ice cover has been decreasing for the past few decades at an accelerating rate. Evidence also points to a decrease in sea ice thickness and a reduction in the amount of thicker perennial sea ice. A general global warming trend has made the ice cover more vulnerable to natural fluctuations in atmospheric and oceanic forcing. The observed reduction in Arctic sea ice is a consequence of both thermodynamic and dynamic processes, including such factors as preconditioning of the ice cover, overall warming trends, changes in cloud coverage, shifts in atmospheric circulation patterns, increased export of older ice out of the Arctic, advection of ocean heat from the Pacific and North Atlantic, enhanced solar heating of the ocean, and the ice-albedo feedback. The diminishing Arctic sea ice is creating social, political, economic, and ecological challenges. C1 [Perovich, Donald K.; Richter-Menge, Jacqueline A.] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Perovich, DK (reprint author), Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Donald.K.Perovich@usace.army.mil; Jacqueline.A.Richter-Menge@erdc.usace.army.mil FU National Science Foundation; Cryosphere Program at NASA; Arctic Research Office at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration FX Support for the authors comes from the Arctic Program of the National Science Foundation, the Cryosphere Program at NASA, and the Arctic Research Office at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The authors thank Chris Polashenski and Gioia Cattabriga for their helpful review of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 108 Z9 122 U1 15 U2 87 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 1941-1405 EI 1941-0611 J9 ANNU REV MAR SCI JI Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. PY 2009 VL 1 BP 417 EP 441 DI 10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163805 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 463HH UT WOS:000267421700017 PM 21141043 ER PT J AU Li, YF Matsueda, S Efferson, CL Tsuda, N Kawano, K Gao, H Peoples, GE Ioannides, CG AF Li, Yufeng Matsueda, Satoko Efferson, Clayton L. Tsuda, Naotake Kawano, Kouichiro Gao, Hui Peoples, George E. Ioannides, Constantin G. TI Distinct Patient Responses to Activation of T-cells by Free HER-2, G89 (777-789) and Protected LRMK-linked HER-2, {AE-39 [p776 (Ava-774-788)], AE-47 [(Ava-776-788)] and AE-37[p776 (774-788)]} Peptides Could Lead to Development of Personalized Cancer Vaccines SO ANTICANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE HER2; helper antigen; Ii-key; T-cell; cancer stem cells; individualized cancer vaccines ID INVARIANT CHAIN PEPTIDES; CLASS-II MOLECULES; ANTIGENIC PEPTIDES; BREAST-CANCER; LYMPH-NODE; BINDING; COMPLEX; TUMOR; EPITOPES; RECEPTOR AB The objective of this study was to find whether the peptide LRMK linked to the N-terminus of HER-2, 774-788 and shorter peptides create a T helper antigen, which can replace all functional HER-2 peptides in a cancer vaccine. Of the 6 LRMK-HER-2 peptides tested in the presence of IL-12, AE-37, AE-38 and AE-39 induced higher IFN-gamma in PBMCs from 4 healthy donors than the other peptides. AE-37 and AE-39 contained the immunogenic HER-2 peptide, p776 (774-788), while AE-38 contained the truncated HER-2 peptide G89 (777-788). The free, unprotected HER-2 peptide G89 (777-789) activated IFN-gamma production in PBMCs from another BRC patient. Responses to free p776 and F7 could not be tested. Three out of I I patients responded strongly only to AE-37, while 3 of 10 patients responded strongly only to G89. One responded only to AE-39. All 3 patients diagnosed with DICS of mixed HER(hi), ER(+) PR(+) type responded to AE-37. Three out of 4 patients diagnosed with luminal cancer and one HERhi, ER-PR-BRC patient responded only to G89. AE-37, at low concentration, helped to expand more E75-TCR(Hi+Med) cells than the negative control AE-47, for IFN-gamma induction AE-47, but was a weaker helper than AE-47 at higher concentrations, and eliminated E75-TCR(Hi) Cells. The strongest and most consistent effect of AE-37 was the elimination of CD4 (Hi) CD25 (Hi) cells. When LRMK is linked to AE-37, the side-chains of L (P-10) and R (P-9) are positioned away from MHC; LRMK forms a bi-strophynx (rotating-double-hook-like) structure when attached to AE-37 and the minimum HER-2 peptide in the peptide-binding groove (PBG). K (P-8) anchors the bi-strophynx to HLA-DR outside the PBG in a novel site DR alpha, 49-52. The HER-2 amino acids, Y (P-1) and R (P3) point towards TCR; R (P-9) and M (P-8) can contact the TCRV alpha 1. The positions of K (P-8) in AE-37 and Ava (epsilon V) (P-8) in AE-39 modulated immunogenicity of p776. It is unknown whether LRMK adds TCR contact points to the minimal HLA-DR-bound HER-2 peptide (780-788) or activates T-cells of other specificities to produce cytokines and die. Preferential activation of Th1 cells in distinct individuals by AE-37, G89 and AE-39 indicates that cancer vaccines will benefit from correct individual and disease-associated help. Emergence of distinct daughters of luminal and myoepithelial BRC stem cells during metastasis through "de-differentiation" and "reverse differentiation" of drug-resistant cancer requires personalized vaccines, which use an optimal-helper antigen. C1 [Li, Yufeng; Matsueda, Satoko; Efferson, Clayton L.; Tsuda, Naotake; Kawano, Kouichiro; Ioannides, Constantin G.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Li, Yufeng] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Melanoma Med Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gao, Hui] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Hematopathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ioannides, Constantin G.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Mol Therapeut, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Peoples, George E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ioannides, CG (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Gynecol Oncol, Box 304,1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM cioannid@mdanderson.org FU Anderson Cancer Center (CGI); Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences [DOD-grant-01-1-0299]; Patent Licensing Funds to CGISRA-LS2003-00009873SP FX This study was supported by funds from the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (CGI), Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (YL), DOD-grant-01-1-0299 (SI, NT, CGI), Patent Licensing Funds to CGI, the SRA-LS2003-00009873SP (07/15/2003) from Antigen Express, Inc. (KK, NT), Keck Foundation (CGI), NIHMDACC Core Grant CA- 16660 to Peptide Synthesis Laboratory, Eustathios and Euphrosina Maroulis Memorial Fund, The European Union "Socrates" and "Jean Monet" Programs, funds from Maria G., and Fotini G. loannides (Athens, Greece) to CGI, Drs. John Zavitsanos and Paul Botros and The Department of Defense of USA, US Military Cancer Institute (GEP). NR 57 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT INST ANTICANCER RESEARCH PI ATHENS PA EDITORIAL OFFICE 1ST KM KAPANDRITIOU-KALAMOU RD KAPANDRITI, PO BOX 22, ATHENS 19014, GREECE SN 0250-7005 J9 ANTICANCER RES JI Anticancer Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 1 BP 41 EP 58 PG 18 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 412NI UT WOS:000263731100006 PM 19331132 ER PT J AU Jirage, D Keenan, SM Waters, NC AF Jirage, Dayadevi Keenan, Susan M. Waters, Norman C. BE Selzer, PM TI Targeting the Malaria Kinome: Discovering Kinase Inhibitors as Novel Antimalarial Agents SO ANTIPARASITIC AND ANTIBACTERIAL DRUG DISCOVERY: FROM MOLECULAR TARGETS TO DRUG CANDIDATES SE Drug Discovery in Infectious Diseases LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; PARASITE PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; STAGE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION; B-LIKE ENZYME; DRUG DISCOVERY; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ANTIPARASITIC CHEMOTHERAPY; SELECTIVE INHIBITORS; CDC2-RELATED KINASE; SIGNALING PATHWAY AB Malaria remains a deadly disease, with over two million deaths reported each year. Mortality, morbidity, and economical burden associated with malaria are predicted to escalate due to the establishment of drug resistance throughout malaria endemic regions of the world. Drug resistance has undermined current antimalarial therapeutics and therefore a dire need for novel antimalarial agents is warranted. Protein kinases have been targeted successfully for cancer chemotherapy, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders. A wealth of information from these efforts may be applied to develop novel antimalarial agents. The development of kinase inhibitors as antimalarial drugs is a promising approach because many malarial kinases are essential for the developmental growth of the parasite and these inhibitors may provide chemotypes that are foreign to the parasite. Although protein kinase families are highly conserved, unique structural characteristics and regulatory mechanisms provide opportunities to develop specificity into a malarial kinase drug. A growing amount of evidence has demonstrated inhibitor selectivity differences among malarial kinases and their mammalian homologs. Malarial kinases are under investigation to gain a better understanding of their regulatory role in controlling parasite metabolism and cell cycle control. This understanding should reveal unique differences and perhaps similarities that can then be exploited for drug discovery. The use of drug combinations to combat infectious disease has gained popularity due to the increase in drug resistance. A current recommendation by the World Health Organization strongly suggests that any new antimarial drug destined for public use should be deployed in the form of a drug combination. Interestingly, there has been a paradigm shift in the development of kinase inhibitors for therapeutic indications. Traditional thinking that an inhibitor must be specific for a single kinase has been overturned. Evidence now suggests that the most successful drug candidates are those that target multiple kinases relevant to a particular disease. Simultaneous inhibition of multiple malarial kinases may prove extremely efficacious and circumvent the problems associated with the evolution of rapid rates of drug resistance. C1 [Jirage, Dayadevi; Waters, Norman C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Keenan, Susan M.] Univ No Colorado, Sch Biol Sci, Greeley, CO 80501 USA. RP Waters, NC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM norman.waters@us.army.mil NR 102 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-3-527-32327-2 J9 DRUG DISCOV INFEC DI JI Drug Discov. Infect. Dis. PY 2009 VL 1 BP 249 EP 276 DI 10.1002/9783527626816.ch14 PG 28 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BUA17 UT WOS:000288598300016 ER PT J AU Rusnak, JM Byrne, WR Chung, KN Gibbs, PH Kim, TT Boudreau, EF Cosgriff, T Pittman, P Kim, KY Erlichman, MS Rezvani, DF Huggins, JW AF Rusnak, Janice M. Byrne, William R. Chung, Kyung N. Gibbs, Paul H. Kim, Theodore T. Boudreau, Ellen F. Cosgriff, Thomas Pittman, Philip Kim, Katie Y. Erlichman, Marianne S. Rezvani, David F. Huggins, John W. TI Experience with intravenous ribavirin in the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Korea SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ribavirin; Hantavirus; Hantaan; Treatment; HFRS; Korea ID HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; NEPHROPATHIA-EPIDEMICA; PUUMALA HANTAVIRUS; INFECTION; THERAPY; SPECTRUM; TRIAL; DRUG AB Results of a clinical study using intravenous (IV) ribavirin for treating Department of Defense personnel with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) acquired in Korea from 1987 to 2005 were reviewed to determine the clinical course of HFRS treated with IV ribavirin. A total of 38 individuals enrolled in the study had subsequent serological confirmation of HFRS. Four of the 38 individuals received three or fewer doses of ribavirin and were excluded from treatment analysis. Of the remaining 34 individuals, oliguria was present in one individual at treatment initiation; none of the remaining 33 subjects developed oliguria or required dialysis. The mean peak serum creatinine was 3.46 mg/dl and occurred on day 2 of ribavirin therapy. Both the peak serum creatinine and the onset of polyuria occurred on mean day 6.8 of illness. Reversible hemolytic anemia was the main adverse event of ribavirin, with a >= 25% decrease in hematocrit observed in 26/34 (76.5%) individuals. While inability to adjust for all baseline variables prevents comparison to historical cohorts in Korea where oliguria has been reported in 39-69% cases and dialysis required in approximately 40% HFRS cases caused by Hantaan virus, the occurrence of 3% oliguria and 0% dialysis requirement in the treatment cohort is supportive of a previous placebo-controlled HFRS trial in China where IV ribavirin given early resulted in decreased occurrence of oliguria. and decreased severity of renal insufficiency. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Rusnak, Janice M.; Byrne, William R.; Boudreau, Ellen F.; Cosgriff, Thomas; Pittman, Philip] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Chung, Kyung N.; Kim, Theodore T.] 121st Gen Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Seoul, South Korea. [Kim, Katie Y.] 121st Gen Hosp, Dept Pharm, Seoul, South Korea. [Erlichman, Marianne S.] USA, Med Mat Dev Act, Washington, DC USA. [Rezvani, David F.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Informat Serv Off Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Huggins, John W.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Rusnak, JM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Janice.Rusnak@amedd.army.mil NR 45 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 81 IS 1 BP 68 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2008.09.007 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 396KF UT WOS:000262589900009 PM 18977392 ER PT B AU Salem, TE Urciuoli, DP Green, R Ovrebo, GK AF Salem, T. E. Urciuoli, D. P. Green, R. Ovrebo, G. K. GP IEEE TI High-Temperature High-Power Operation of a 100 A SiC DMOSFET Module SO APEC: 2009 IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION, VOLS 1- 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition CY FEB 15-19, 2009 CL Washington, DC SP IEEE ID DEVICES; MOSFETS AB The development of Silicon-Carbide (SiC) power electronic devices having high operating temperatures, high breakdown voltages and low losses has been widely researched over the past few decades. While devices such as the SiC junction barrier Schottky (JBS) rectifier are becoming available in the commercial marketplace, the SiC DMOSFET is less mature. Although continued research on material processing and device-level structures is necessary for optimization, new high performance 50 A SiC DMOSFETs have been fabricated. These MOSFETs have been identified as candidates to replace Si IGBTs in high-current high-temperature power modules for large hybrid electric vehicle propulsion systems. This paper reports on the performance of a 100 A SiC module comprised of two 50 A DMOSFETs. Experimental results are presented for the module in a DC-DC boost converter operated with external 75 A SiC JBS diodes at 17 kW output while using 90 degrees C liquid coolant. C1 [Salem, T. E.] USN Acad, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. [Urciuoli, D. P.; Green, R.; Ovrebo, G. K.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Salem, TE (reprint author), USN Acad, 105 Maryland Ave, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2811-3 PY 2009 BP 653 EP + DI 10.1109/APEC.2009.4802729 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BKV19 UT WOS:000269315100105 ER PT S AU Sones, B Danon, Y Blain, E AF Sones, Bryndol Danon, Yaron Blain, Ezekiel BE McDaniel, FD Doyle, BL TI Feasibility Studies of Parametric X-rays Use in a Medical Environment SO APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry CY AUG 10-15, 2008 CL Ft Worth, TX SP Univ N Texas, Sandia Natl Lab DE LINAC; parametric X-ray; crystal; scattering; dose ID FLUORIDE LIF CRYSTAL; RADIATION; ELECTRONS; PXR AB Parametric X-rays (PXR) are produced from the interaction of relativistic electrons with the periodic structure of crystal materials. Smooth X-ray energy tunability is achieved by rotating the crystal with respects to the electron beam direction. Experiments at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 60-MeV LINAC produce quasi-monochromatic Xrays (6-35 keV) from various target crystals to include highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), LiF, Si, Ge, Cu, and W using electron beam currents up to 6 uA. These experiments demonstrate the first PXR images and some of the merits of thin metallic crystals. Recent experiments with a 100-mu m thick Cu crystal improve the Cu PXR (with energy similar to 12 keV) to Cu fluorescence ratio by a factor of 20 compared to a 1 mm-thick Cu crystal. This study uses Monte Carlo techniques to investigate (1) PXR dose compared to emissions from simulated Mo, Rh, and W anodes for mammography applications and (2) electron scattering effects when considering LiF111, Si111, and Cu111 PXR production using electron beams with energies of 20-30 MeV. Advantages in using monochromatic PXR compared to X-rays from Mo and Rh anodes in mammography applications result in a dose per incident photon reduction by a factor of 2. Using 20 MeV electrons, the thinner Cu111 crystal for 15 keV PXR production results in an electron scattering angle of 30.7 +/- 0.2 mrad offering the best potential for PXR from lower energy electrons. C1 [Sones, Bryndol] US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, ATTN MADN PHYS, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Sones, B (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, ATTN MADN PHYS, 646 Swift Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0633-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2009 VL 1099 BP 468 EP 471 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA BJH43 UT WOS:000265828500102 ER PT J AU Edmonds, JM Collett, PJ Valdes, ER Skowronski, EW Pellar, GJ Emanuel, PA AF Edmonds, Jason M. Collett, Patricia J. Valdes, Erica R. Skowronski, Evan W. Pellar, Gregory J. Emanuel, Peter A. TI Surface Sampling of Spores in Dry-Deposition Aerosols SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS SPORES; NONPOROUS SURFACES; BACTERIA; CONTAMINATION; RECOVERY; BEEF; SWAB; COLLECTION AB The ability to reliably and reproducibly sample surfaces contaminated with a biological agent is a critical step in measuring the extent of contamination and determining if decontamination steps have been successful. The recovery operations following the 2001 attacks with Bacillus anthracis spores were complicated by the fact that no standard sample collection format or decontamination procedures were established. Recovery efficiencies traditionally have been calculated based upon biological agents which were applied to test surfaces in a liquid format and then allowed to dry prior to sampling tests, which may not be best suited for a real-world event with aerosolized biological agents. In order to ascertain if differences existed between air-dried liquid deposition and biological spores which were allowed to settle on a surface in a dried format, a study was undertaken to determine if differences existed in surface sampling recovery efficiencies for four representative surfaces. Studies were then undertaken to compare sampling efficiencies between liquid spore deposition and aerosolized spores which were allowed to gradually settle under gravity on four different test coupon types. Tests with both types of deposition compared efficiencies of four unique swabbing materials applied to four surfaces with various surface properties. Our studies demonstrate that recovery of liquid-deposited spores differs significantly from recovery of dry aerosol-deposited spores in most instances. Whether the recovery of liquid-deposited spores is overexaggerated or underrepresented with respect to that of aerosol-deposited spores depends upon the surface material being tested. C1 [Edmonds, Jason M.; Collett, Patricia J.; Valdes, Erica R.; Skowronski, Evan W.; Pellar, Gregory J.; Emanuel, Peter A.] USA, Dept Def, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Edmonds, JM (reprint author), USA, Dept Def, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jason.edmonds1@us.army.mil FU National Research Council FX We acknowledge the contribution of Brian Reinhardt and Sean Nolan at the Defense Threat Reduction Agency for funding of this study. Postdoctorate fellowship support for Jason Edmonds was provided by the National Research Council. NR 23 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 75 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.1128/AEM.01563-08 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 389HZ UT WOS:000262084800003 PM 18997021 ER PT J AU Carrera, M Sagripanti, JL AF Carrera, Monica Sagripanti, Jose-Luis TI Artificial plasmid engineered to simulate multiple biological threat agents SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Threat agents; Bioinformatics; PCR; Multiplex; Bacillus anthracis; Yersinia pestis; Coxiellla burnetii; Brucella; Francisella tularensis; Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7; Burkholderia mallei; Burkholderia pseudomallei; Variola; Smallpox ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; REAL-TIME PCR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; YERSINIA-PESTIS; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; BURKHOLDERIA-PSEUDOMALLEI; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; BRUCELLA-MELITENSIS; COXIELLA-BURNETII AB The objective of this study was to develop a non-virulent simulant to replace several virulent organisms during the development of detection and identification methods for biological threat agents. We identified and selected specific genes to detect Yersinia pestis, Francisella tularensis, Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Rickettsia sp., Coxiella burnetii, Brucella sp., enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7, Bacillus anthracis, and variola (smallpox) virus. We then designed and engineered a non-infectious simulant that included the nucleic-acid signature of each microorganism in a single chimerical molecule. Here, we reported an approach that by direct (de novo) chemical synthesis permitted the production of a single chimerical construct 2,040bp long that included the nucleic-acid signature of the bacterial and viral biological threat agents listed above without requiring access to these agents. Sequences corresponding to each one of the biological agents in the synthetic simulant were amplified by PCR, resulting in amplicons of the expected length, of similar intensity, and without any detectable unspecific products. The novel simulant described here could reduce the need for infectious agents in the development of detection and diagnostic methods and should also be useful as a non-virulent positive control in nucleic-acid-based tests against biological threat agents. C1 [Carrera, Monica; Sagripanti, Jose-Luis] USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sagripanti, JL (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM joseluis.sagripanti@us.army.mil FU Research and Technology Directorate, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Research Development and Engineering Command, US Army FX This work was supported by the In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) funds from the Research and Technology Directorate, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Research Development and Engineering Command, US Army. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 81 IS 6 BP 1129 EP 1139 DI 10.1007/s00253-008-1715-8 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 387QF UT WOS:000261966000015 PM 18923830 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, M Riker, J Carhart, G Gudimetla, VSR Beresnev, L Weyrauch, T Roberts, LC AF Vorontsov, Mikhail Riker, Jim Carhart, Gary Gudimetla, V. S. Rao Beresnev, Leonid Weyrauch, Thomas Roberts, Lewis C., Jr. TI Deep turbulence effects compensation experiments with a cascaded adaptive optics system using a 3.63 m telescope SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-DISTORTION CORRECTION; RECONSTRUCTION; ANISOPLANATISM; OPTIMIZATION AB Compensation of extended (deep) turbulence effects is one of the most challenging problems in adaptive optics (AO). In the AO approach described, the deep turbulence wave propagation regime was achieved by imaging stars at low elevation angles when image quality improvement with conventional AO was poor. These experiments were conducted at the U.S. Air Force Maui Optical and Supercomputing Site (AMOS) by using the 3.63 in telescope located on Haleakala, Maui. To enhance compensation performance we used a cascaded AO system composed of a conventional AO system based on a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor and a deformable mirror with 941 actuators, and an AO system based on stochastic parallel gradient descent optimization with four deformable mirrors (75 control channels). This first-time field demonstration of a cascaded AO system achieved considerably improved performance of wavefront phase aberration compensation. Image quality was improved in a repeatable way in the presence of stressing atmospheric conditions obtained by using stars at elevation angles as low as 15 degrees. (C)2008 Optical Society of America C1 [Vorontsov, Mikhail; Carhart, Gary; Beresnev, Leonid] USA, Intelligent Opt Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Vorontsov, Mikhail; Weyrauch, Thomas] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Intelligent Opt Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Riker, Jim] USAF, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Gudimetla, V. S. Rao] USAF, Res Lab, Kehie, HI 96753 USA. [Roberts, Lewis C., Jr.] Boeing Co, Kihei, HI 96753 USA. RP Vorontsov, M (reprint author), USA, Intelligent Opt Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mvorontsov@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Joint Technology Office [JTO-07-SA-0238]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the University of Maryland, College Park [W911NF-06-2-0009] FX The authors are grateful to W. Bradford for helpful discussions and K. Aschenbach for technical support. This work was supported by the U.S. Joint Technology Office under contract JTO-07-S&A-0238 and by the Cooperative Agreement W911NF-06-2-0009 between the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the University of Maryland, College Park. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1 BP A47 EP A57 DI 10.1364/AO.48.000A47 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 398OG UT WOS:000262740800007 PM 19107154 ER PT J AU Vorontsov, MA Kojosov, VV Polnau, E AF Vorontsov, Mikhail A. Kojosov, Valeriy V. Polnau, Ernst TI Target-in-the-loop wavefront sensing and control with a Collett-Wolf beacon: speckle-average phase conjugation SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ADAPTIVE-OPTICS; FIELD; TURBULENCE; SYSTEMS; ANISOPLANATISM; COMPENSATION; PROPAGATION; PERFORMANCE; DISTORTION AB Adaptive optical systems for laser beam projection onto an extended target embedded in an optically inhomogeneous medium are considered. A new adaptive optics wavefront control technique-speckle-average (SA) phase conjugation-is introduced. In this technique mitigation of speckle effects related to laser beam scattering off the rough target surface is achieved by measuring the SA wavefront slopes of the target return wave using a conventional Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. For statistically representative speckle averaging we consider the generation of an incoherent light source, referred to here as a Collett-Wolf beacon, directly on the target surface using a rapid steering (scanning) auxiliary laser beam. Our numerical simulations and experiment show that control of the outgoing beam phase using SA phase conjugation can lead to efficient compensation of turbulence effects and results in an increase of the projected laser beam power density on a remote extended target. The impact of both target anisoplanatism and the Collett-Wolf beacon size on adaptive system performance is studied. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America C1 [Vorontsov, Mikhail A.] USA, Intelligent Opt Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Vorontsov, Mikhail A.; Kojosov, Valeriy V.; Polnau, Ernst] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Intelligent Opt Lab, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Kojosov, Valeriy V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Opt, Siberian Branch, Tomsk 634055, Russia. RP Vorontsov, MA (reprint author), USA, Intelligent Opt Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mvorontsov@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Joint Technology Office [JTO-07-SA-0238]; Cooperative Agreement between the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the University of Maryland, College Park [W91INF-06-2-0009] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Joint Technology Office under contract JTO-07-S&A-0238 and by the Cooperative Agreement W91INF-06-2-0009 between the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the University of Maryland, College Park. The authors are grateful to A. Kohnle for helpful discussions and K. Aschenbach for technical support. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1 BP A13 EP A29 DI 10.1364/AO.48.000A13 PG 17 WC Optics SC Optics GA 398OG UT WOS:000262740800004 PM 19107151 ER PT J AU Dolne, JJ Vorontsov, MA Roggemann, MC Ellerbroek, BL AF Dolne, Jean J. Vorontsov, Mikhail A. Roggemann, Michael C. Ellerbroek, Brent L. TI Wavefront Sensing, Imaging, and Image Enhancement: introduction to the feature issue SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB This special issue explores various technologies related to wavefront estimation, wavefront compensation for imaging and laser beam projection, and image postprocessing. It covers topics ranging from fundamental system evaluation to system design concepts using field data. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America C1 [Dolne, Jean J.] Boeing Co, Canoga Pk, CA 91304 USA. [Vorontsov, Mikhail A.] USA, Intelligent Optic Lab, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Vorontsov, Mikhail A.] USA, Informat Sci Directorate, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Roggemann, Michael C.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Ellerbroek, Brent L.] Thirty Meter Telescope Project, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA. RP Dolne, JJ (reprint author), Boeing Co, 8531 Fallbrook Ave,WB63, Canoga Pk, CA 91304 USA. EM jean.j.dolne@boeing.com NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1 BP WSF1 EP WSF1 DI 10.1364/AO.48.00WFS1 PG 1 WC Optics SC Optics GA 398OG UT WOS:000262740800001 ER PT J AU Tannenbaum, LV Thran, BH Willams, KJ AF Tannenbaum, Lawrence V. Thran, Brandolyn H. Willams, Keith J. TI Testing the Limits of Rodent Sperm Analysis: Azoospermia in an Otherwise Healthy Wild Rodent Population SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RATS SIGMODON HISPIDUS; REPRODUCTION; MICE AB By comparing the sperm parameters of small rodents trapped at contaminated terrestrial sites and nearby habitat-matched noncontaminated locations, the patent-pending Rodent Sperm Analysis (RSA) method provides a direct health status appraisal for the maximally chemical-exposed mammalian ecological receptor in the wild. RSA outcomes have consistently allowed for as definitive determinations of receptor health as are possible at the present time, thereby streamlining the ecological risk assessment (ERA) process. Here, we describe the unanticipated discovery, at a contaminated US EPA Superfund National Priorities List site, of a population of Hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus), with a high percentage of adult males lacking sperm entirely (azoospermia). In light of the RSA method's role in streamlining ERAs and in bringing contaminated Superfund-type site investigations to closure, we consider the consequences of the discovery. The two matters specifically discussed are (1) the computation of a population's average sperm count where azoospermia is present and (2) the merits of the RSA method and its sperm parameter thresholds-for-effect when azoospermia is masked in an otherwise apparently healthy rodent population. C1 [Tannenbaum, Lawrence V.; Thran, Brandolyn H.] USA, Environm Hlth Risk Assessment Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD 21215 USA. RP Tannenbaum, LV (reprint author), USA, Environm Hlth Risk Assessment Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD 21215 USA. EM larry.tannenbaum@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1007/s00244-008-9162-1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 387GA UT WOS:000261938500017 PM 18437443 ER PT J AU Crothers, BA Moriarty, AT Fatheree, LA Booth, CN Tench, WD Wilbur, DC AF Crothers, Barbara A. Moriarty, Ann T. Fatheree, Lisa A. Booth, Christine N. Tench, William D. Wilbur, David C. TI Appeals in Gynecologic Cytology Proficiency Testing Review and Analysis of Data From the 2006 College of American Pathologists Gynecologic Cytology Proficiency Testing Program SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM; SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESION; CERVICOVAGINAL CYTOLOGY; VALIDATION AB Context.-In 2006, 9643 participants took the initial College of American Pathologists (CAP) Proficiency Test (PT). Failing participants may appeal results on specific test slides. Appeals are granted if 3 referee pathologists do not unanimously agree on the initial reference diagnosis in a masked review process. Objectives.-To investigate causes of PT failures, subsequent appeals, and appeal successes in 2006. Design.-Appeals were examined, including patient demographic information, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services category ( A, B, C, or D), exact reference diagnosis, examinees per appeal, examinee's Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services category, referee's Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services category, slide preparation type, and slide field validation rate. Results.-There was a 94% passing rate for 2006. One hundred fifty-five examinees (1.6%) appealed 86 slides of all preparation types. Forty-five appeals (29%) were granted on 21 slides; 110 appeals (72%) were denied on 65 slides. Reference category D and B slides were most often appealed. The highest percentage of granted appeals occurred in category D (35% slides; 42% of participants) and the lowest occurred in category B (9% slides; 8% of participants). The field validation rate of all appealed slides was greater than 90%. Conclusions.-Despite rigorous field validation of slides, 6% of participants failed. Thirty percent of failing participants appealed; most appeals involved misinterpretation of category D as category B. Referees were never unanimous in their agreement with the participant. The participants and referees struggled with the reliability and reproducibility of finding rare cells, "overdiagnosis'' of benign changes, and assigning the morphologically dynamic biologic changes of squamous intraepithelial lesions to static categories. C1 [Crothers, Barbara A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Crothers, Barbara A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Lab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Moriarty, Ann T.] AmeriPath Indiana, Dept Pathol, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Fatheree, Lisa A.] Coll Amer Pathologists, Dept Cytol Surveys, Northfield, IL USA. [Booth, Christine N.] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Anat Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Tench, William D.] Palomar Med Ctr, Escondido, CA USA. [Wilbur, David C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Crothers, BA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, MCHL UAP Ward 47,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM barbara.crothers@na.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 133 IS 1 BP 44 EP 48 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 391XK UT WOS:000262267300007 PM 19123735 ER PT J AU Koppenhaver, SL Hebert, JJ Fritz, JM Parent, EC Teyhen, DS Magel, JS AF Koppenhaver, Shane L. Hebert, Jeffrey J. Fritz, Julie M. Parent, Eric C. Teyhen, Deydre S. Magel, John S. TI Reliability of Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging of the Transversus Abdominis and Lumbar Multifidus Muscles SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE Abdominal muscles; Low back pain; Rehabilitation; Reproducibility of results; Ultrasonography ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; DRAWING-IN; INTRARATER RELIABILITY; DISC HERNIATION; CONTRACTION; RECRUITMENT; THICKNESS; AGREEMENT; MOVEMENT; SYMMETRY AB Objectives: To evaluate the intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability of rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) in obtaining thickness measurements of the transversus abdominis (TrA) and lumbar multifidus muscles at rest and during contractions. Design: Single-group repeated-measures reliability study. Setting: University and orthopedic physical therapy clinic. Participants: A volunteer sample of adults (N=30) with current nonspecific low back pain (LBP) was examined by 2 clinicians with minimal RUSI experience. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Thickness measurements of the TrA and lumbar multifidus muscles at rest and during contractions were obtained by using RUSI during 2 sessions 1 to 3 days apart. Percent thickness change was calculated as thickness(contracted)-thickness(rest)/thickness(rest). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to estimate reliability. Results: By using the mean of 2 measures, intraexaminer reliability point estimates (ICC(3.2)) ranged from 0.96 to 0.99 for same-day comparisons and from 0.87 to 0.98 for between-day comparisons. Interexaminer reliability estimates (ICC(2,2)) ranged from 0.88 to 0.94 for within-day comparisons and from 0.80 to 0.92 for between-day comparisons. Reliability estimates comparing measurements by the 2 examiners of the same image (ICC(2.2)) ranged from 0.96 to 0.98. Reliability estimates were lower for percent thickness change measures than the corresponding single thickness measures for all conditions. Conclusions: RUSI thickness measurements of the TrA and lumbar multifidus muscles in patients with LBP, when based on the mean of 2 measures, are highly reliable when taken by a single examiner and adequately reliable when taken by different examiners. C1 [Koppenhaver, Shane L.; Hebert, Jeffrey J.; Fritz, Julie M.] Univ Utah, Coll Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Koppenhaver, Shane L.; Teyhen, Deydre S.] USA, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Fritz, Julie M.; Magel, John S.] Intermt Hlth Care, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Parent, Eric C.] Univ Alberta, Fac Rehabil Med, Dept Phys Therapy, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Teyhen, Deydre S.] Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Koppenhaver, SL (reprint author), 1416 Downington Ave, Salt Lake City, UT 84105 USA. EM shanekoppenhaver@mac.com RI Hebert, Jeffrey/C-4614-2008; OI Hebert, Jeffrey/0000-0002-6959-325X; Magel, John/0000-0001-9087-4753 FU Sonosite Inc, Bothell FX Supported in part by Sonosite Inc, Bothell. WA, by providing tire ultrasound machine used in this study at no charge to the Division of Physical Therapy. University of Utah. NR 50 TC 100 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 21 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 90 IS 1 BP 87 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.06.022 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 397IY UT WOS:000262657600013 PM 19154834 ER PT B AU Ender, MG Rohall, DE Matthews, MD AF Ender, Morten G. Rohall, David E. Matthews, Michael D. BE Kummel, G Caforio, G Dandeker, C TI Thinking Globally: US Cadet and Civilian Undergraduate Attitudes toward Social Problems SO ARMED FORCES, SOLDIERS AND CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS: ESSAYS IN HONOR OF JURGEN KUHLMANN SE Schriftenreihe des Sozialwissenschaftlichen Instituts der Bundeswehr LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ender, Morten G.; Matthews, Michael D.] US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, Engn Psychol Program, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Rohall, David E.] Western Illinois Univ, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. RP Ender, MG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, Engn Psychol Program, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM morten.ender@usma.edu NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU VS VERLAG SOZIALWISSENSCHAFTEN-GWV FACHVERLAGE GMBH PI WIESBADEN PA ABRAHAM-LINCOLN-STR 46, POSTFACH 1546, WIESBADEN, 65189, GERMANY J9 SCHR SOZIALW I BUNDE PY 2009 VL 7 BP 191 EP 210 DI 10.1007/978-3-531-91409-1_12 D2 10.1007/978-3-531-91409-1 PG 20 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA BKP30 UT WOS:000268861200014 ER PT S AU Lathrop, SD Laird, JE AF Lathrop, Scott D. Laird, John E. BE Goertzel, B Hitzler, P Hutter, M TI Extending Cognitive Architectures with Mental Imagery SO ARTIFICIAL GENERAL INTELLIGENCE PROCEEDINGS SE Advances in Intelligent Systems Research LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Conference on Artificial General Intelligence CY MAR 06-09, 2009 CL Arlington, VA SP Artificial Gen Intelligence Res Inst, Assoc Adv Artificial Intelligence, Univ Memphis, Enhanced Educ, KurzweilAI Net, Joi Labs, Univ Tennessee, Mach Intelligence Lab, Novamente LLC AB Inspired by mental imagery, we present results of extending a symbolic cognitive architecture (Soar) with general computational mechanisms to support reasoning with symbolic, quantitative spatial, and visual depictive representations. Our primary goal is to achieve new capabilities by combining and manipulating these representations using specialized processing units specific to a modality but independent of task knowledge. This paper describes the architecture supporting behavior in an environment where perceptual-based thought is inherent to problem solving. Our results show that imagery provides the agent with additional functional capabilities improving its ability to solve rich spatial and visual problems. C1 [Lathrop, Scott D.] US Mil Acad, D EECS, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Laird, John E.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Lathrop, SD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, D EECS, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM scott.lathrop@usma.edu; laird@umich.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ATLANTIS PRESS PI PARIS PA 29 AVENUE LAVMIERE, PARIS, 75019, FRANCE SN 1951-6851 BN 978-90-78677-24-6 J9 ADV INTEL SYS RES PY 2009 VL 8 BP 97 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BJC45 UT WOS:000264744600017 ER PT S AU Miller, M AF Miller, Michael BE Dimitrova, V Mizoguchi, R DuBoulay, B Graesser, A TI Virtual Team Members for Team Training SO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION: BUILDING LEARNING SYSTEMS THAT CARE: FROM KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION TO AFFECTIVE MODELLING SE Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED 2009) CY JUL 06-10, 2009 CL Brighton, ENGLAND SP Int Artificial Intelligence Educ Soc, Natl Sci Fdn, Alelo, Amer Assoc Artificial Intelligence, Univ Sussex, Sch Sci & Technol, Univ Memphis, Inst Intelligent Syst, Univ Leeds, Sch Comp DE team-training; artificial intelligence; intelligent tutoring system AB This paper reports on the use of an intelligent agent framework (called CAST-ITT) for implementing a team training system. CAST (Collaborative Agents Simulating Teamwork) provides the underlying model of teamwork and agents to simulate virtual team members. CAST-ITT (intelligent Team Trainer) uses CAST to also monitor trainees, and support performance assessment and coaching for the purposes of evaluating the performance of a trainee as a member of a team. We demonstrate that a team training system can be built that uses CAST-ITT with good performance and can be used for achieving real world training objectives. C1 [Miller, Michael] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Michael.miller2@usma.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU I O S PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6389 BN 978-1-60750-028-5 J9 FR ART INT PY 2009 VL 200 BP 671 EP 673 DI 10.3233/978-1-60750-028-5-671 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Education & Educational Research SC Computer Science; Education & Educational Research GA BMS76 UT WOS:000273499000101 ER PT S AU Batchinsk, AI Salinas, J Jones, JA Necsoiu, C Cancio, LC AF Batchinsk, Andriy I. Salinas, Jose Jones, John A. Necsoiu, Corina Cancio, Leopoldo C. BE Combi, C Shahar, Y AbuHanna, A TI Predicting the Need to Perform Life-Saving Interventions in Trauma Patients by Using New Vital Signs and Artificial Neural Networks SO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIME 2009) CY JUL 18-22, 2009 CL Verona, ITALY SP European Soc Artificial Intelligence Med DE electrocardiography; heart rate complexity; heart rate variability; ANN; prediction of life-saving interventions ID COMPLEXITY; DIAGNOSIS AB Previous work in risk stratification of critically injured patients involved artificial neural networks (ANNs) of various configurations tuned to process traditional vital signs and demographical, clinical, and laboratory data obtained via direct contact with the patient. We now report "new vital signs" (NVSs) that are superior in distinguishing the injured and can be derived without hands-on patient contact. Data from 262 trauma patients are presented, in whom NVSs derived from electrocardiogram (EKG) analysis (heart-rate complexity and variability) were input into a commercially available ANN. The endpoint was performance of life-saving interventions (LSIs) Such as intubation. cardiopulmonary resuscitation, chest-tube placement, needle chest decompression, and blood transfusion. We conclude that based on EKG-derived NVS alone, it is possible to accurately identify trauma patients who undergo LSIs. Our approach may permit development of a next-generation decision support system. C1 [Batchinsk, Andriy I.; Salinas, Jose; Jones, John A.; Necsoiu, Corina; Cancio, Leopoldo C.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Batchinsk, AI (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM andriy.batchinsky@amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-02975-2 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2009 VL 5651 BP 390 EP 394 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Biomedical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BKT59 UT WOS:000269199500055 ER PT B AU Salman, MU Chang, BC Ilg, MD AF Salman, Mishah Uzziel Chang, Borchin Ilg, Mark Dean GP IEEE TI Control of Spinning Flying Vehicles Utilizing Partial Body Despin Techniques SO ASCC: 2009 7TH ASIAN CONTROL CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Asian Control Conference (ASCC 2009) CY AUG 27-29, 2009 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Asian Control Assoc, IEEE Control Sys Soc, Hong Kong Inst Engineers, Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, KC Wong Educ Fdn, Res Grant Council Hong Kong AB Despinning the front end of a spinning flying munition is an important step towards flight control of said vehicle. A counter-rotation control scheme is proposed to despin and stabilize the front end of the vehicle at a definable still roll position with respect to earth. Classical and H-infinity control theories are employed to construct the despin controller. C1 [Salman, Mishah Uzziel; Chang, Borchin] Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ilg, Mark Dean] US Army, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Salman, MU (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM mus23@drexel.edu; bchang@coe.drexel.edu; milg@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [W911QX-07-C-090] FX Manuscript received February 13, 2009. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under Contract W911QX-07-C-090. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-5440-2 PY 2009 BP 326 EP 331 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science GA BNF20 UT WOS:000274323100057 ER PT S AU Painter, FL AF Painter, Frank L. GP ASHRAE TI Condensate Harvesting from Large Dedicated Outside Air-Handling Units with Heat Recovery SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 2009, VOL 115, PT 2 SE ASHRAE Transactions LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASHRAE Annual Conference CY JUN 20-24, 2009 CL Louisville, KY AB This paper shows the feasibility of harvesting condensate from large dedicated outdoor air handling units and applying the condensate to effectively reduce the annual projected potable water consumption for a case study building. Condensate production potentials are calculated for three areas in Texas; San Antonio, Houston, and Dallas /Fort Worth. A case study building is presented, for which the production potential is applied. The case study building annual condensate production as well as the annual potable water consumption for the water closets and urinals and cooling tower makeup water is calculated and presented to compare condensate supply and potable water demand. The case study building, which is a medical research laboratory located in San Antonio, TX was determined to have an annual condensate production of 1,887,031 gallons (7. 15x 10(6) L), which would normally be sent to the sanitary sewer system. The analysis indicates that the condensate production from the case study building's large dedicated outdoor air handling units can completely supplement the annual water closet and urinal water demand with 1,614,031 gallons (6.12 x 10(6) L) of excess, which could be used to supplement landscape irrigation system or the entire condensate production could be applied to reduce the cooling tower makeup potable water demand by an estimated 16%. C1 US Army Corps Engineers, San Antonio Construct Management Off, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. RP Painter, FL (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineers, San Antonio Construct Management Off, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2505 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 2009 VL 115 BP 573 EP 580 PN 2 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics SC Thermodynamics GA BTQ49 UT WOS:000287783200052 ER PT S AU Bertozzi, M Broggi, A Felisa, M Ghidoni, S Grisleri, P Vezzoni, G Gomez, CH Del Rose, M AF Bertozzi, Massimo Broggi, Alberto Felisa, Mirko Ghidoni, Stefano Grisleri, Paolo Vezzoni, Guido Hilario Gomez, Cristina Del Rose, Mike BE Hammoud, RI TI Multi Stereo-Based Pedestrian Detection by Daylight and Far-Infrared Cameras SO AUGMENTED VISION PERCEPTION IN INFRARED: ALGORITHMS AND APPLIED SYSTEMS SE Advances in Pattern Recognition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB This chapter presents a tetravision (4-camera) system for the detection of pedestrians by means of the simultaneous Use Of two far infrared and visible camera stereo pairs. The main idea is to exploit the advantages of both far infrared and visible cameras to develop a system that combines the advantages of using far infrared or daylight technologies. Different approaches are used to process the two stereo flows in an independent fashion to produce a list of areas of attention that potentially contain pedestrians. Then, four different following approaches are used to refine and filter this list and to validate the presence of a pedestrian. Preliminary results show that the combined use of two vision systems as well as the use of different and independent validation steps enable the system to effectively detect pedestrians in different conditions of illumination and background. C1 [Bertozzi, Massimo; Broggi, Alberto; Felisa, Mirko; Ghidoni, Stefano; Grisleri, Paolo; Vezzoni, Guido] Univ Parma, Vis Lab, I-43100 Parma, Italy. [Hilario Gomez, Cristina] Univ Carlos III Madrid, E-28903 Getafe, Spain. [Del Rose, Mike] USA, TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. RP Bertozzi, M (reprint author), Univ Parma, Vis Lab, I-43100 Parma, Italy. EM bertozzi@vislab.it; broggi@vislab.it; felisa@vislab.it; ghidoni@vislab.it; grisleri@vislab.it; vezzoni@vislab.it; chilario@ing.uc3m.es; mike.delrose@us.army.mil NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 1617-7916 BN 978-1-84800-276-0 J9 ADV PATTERN RECOGNIT PY 2009 BP 371 EP 401 DI 10.1007/978-1-84800-277-7_16 D2 10.1007/978-1-84800-277-7 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BJW53 UT WOS:000267311900017 ER PT J AU Frey, D AF Frey, David TI Between Two Worlds: The Jewish Presence in German and Austrian Film, 1910-1933 SO AUSTRIAN HISTORY YEARBOOK LA English DT Book Review C1 [Frey, David] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Frey, D (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0067-2378 J9 AUSTRIAN HIST YEARB JI Austrian Hist. Yearb. PY 2009 VL 40 BP 323 EP 324 DI 10.1017/S0067237809001143 PG 2 WC History SC History GA V26NX UT WOS:000208553400039 ER PT J AU McDonough, JH Van Shura, KE LaMont, JC McMonagle, JD Shih, TM AF McDonough, John H. Van Shura, Kerry E. LaMont, John C. McMonagle, Joseph D. Shih, Tsung-Ming TI Comparison of the Intramuscular, Intranasal or Sublingual Routes of Midazolam Administration for the Control of Soman-Induced Seizures SO BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGENT-INDUCED SEIZURES; BUCCAL MIDAZOLAM; RECTAL DIAZEPAM; GUINEA-PIGS; ANTICONVULSANT TREATMENT; NASAL MIDAZOLAM; THERAPY; PHARMACOKINETICS; BIOAVAILABILITY; HYDROMORPHONE AB This study evaluated the anticonvulsant effectiveness of midazolam to stop seizures elicited by the nerve agent soman when midazolam was administered by different routes (intramuscular, intranasal or sublingual) at one of two different times after the onset of seizure activity. Guinea pigs previously prepared with cortical electrodes to record brain electroencephalographic activity were pre-treated with pyridostigmine (0.026 mg/kg, intramuscularly) 30 min. before challenge with a seizure-inducing dose of the nerve agent soman (56 mu g/kg, subcutaneously), and 1 min. later, they were administered 2.0 mg/kg atropine sulfate admixed with 25.0 mg/kg 2-PAM Cl (intramuscularly). Groups of animals were administered differing doses of midazolam by the intramuscular, intranasal or sublingual route at either the onset of seizure activity or 40 min. after the onset of seizure activity that was detected in the electroencephalographic record. When given immediately after seizure onset, the anticonvulsant ED(50) of intramuscular midazolam was significantly lower than that of intranasal midazolam, which in turn was significantly lower than sublingual midazolam at that time. At the 40-min. treatment delay, the anticonvulsant ED(50)s of intramuscular or intranasal midazolam did not differ and both were significantly lower than the sublingual route. Higher doses of midazolam were required to stop seizures at the 40-min. treatment delay time compared to immediate treatment. The speed of seizure control for intramuscular or intranasal midazolam was the same while sublingual midazolam acted significantly slower. Midazolam was effective in treating soman-induced seizures when given by all three routes, but with differences in potency and speed of action. C1 [McDonough, John H.; Van Shura, Kerry E.; LaMont, John C.; McMonagle, Joseph D.; Shih, Tsung-Ming] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Pharmacol Branch, Div Res, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21040 USA. RP McDonough, JH (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Pharmacol Branch, Div Res, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21040 USA. EM john.mcdonough1@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1742-7835 J9 BASIC CLIN PHARMACOL JI Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 104 IS 1 BP 27 EP 34 DI 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00326.x PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 385UM UT WOS:000261839100006 PM 19053994 ER PT B AU Gonzalez, C Jersey, S AF Gonzalez, C. Jersey, S. BE Tutumluer, E AlQadi, IL TI Finite element analyses of pavement materials at or near failure: A constant bulk modulus approach SO BEARING CAPACITY OF ROADS, RAILWAYS AND AIRFIELDS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2009 CL Champaign, IL AB Military engineers are required to implement design methodologies capable of predicting pavement response data; however, they must develop the response data with a minimal amount of input. Input may be limited due to logistical constraints in the field. Researchers at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) have developed a simplified modeling approach, which is being implemented into design criteria. This approach provides response data that is capable of matching responses in the field. This paper summarizes the technical approach, including validation of this procedure using simulations of both laboratory tests performed on pavement materials and tests performed in the field on full-scale airfield pavements. Prediction of pavement responses using this method provided a reasonable match to stresses observed under field loading. Based on the results of this study, this approach will be used to develop updated military pavement design criteria. C1 [Gonzalez, C.; Jersey, S.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Gonzalez, C (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-415-87199-0 PY 2009 BP 607 EP 618 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA BPZ21 UT WOS:000280416400065 ER PT B AU Affleck, R Barna, L Shoop, S Ryerson, C AF Affleck, R. Barna, L. Shoop, S. Ryerson, C. BE Tutumluer, E AlQadi, IL TI Estimating bearing capacity for opportune landing sites SO BEARING CAPACITY OF ROADS, RAILWAYS AND AIRFIELDS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2009 CL Champaign, IL AB In today's modern warfare, a military force requires the ability to conduct air transport operations in remote locations without making engineering preparations to the landing sites. Once a geometrically acceptable area is located from satellite imagery, adequate bearing capacity for aircraft operations needs to be assessed. Currently, there is no standard method of evaluating an Opportune Landing Site (OLS). The field techniques used on OLS were adapted from existing Air Force procedures. The capacity is analyzed based on California Bearing Ratio (CBR) criterion and number of passes for C-130 and C-17 using the Pavement-Transportation Computer Aided Structural Engineering (PCASE). The OLSs were unacceptable for heavy aircraft such as the C-17, but can support a C-130 operation, primarily during the dry season. The results may not be valid at low pass levels. However, the results provide an estimation of the OLS capability for aircraft operations based on soil strength. C1 [Affleck, R.; Barna, L.; Shoop, S.; Ryerson, C.] Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. RP Affleck, R (reprint author), Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-415-87199-0 PY 2009 BP 1019 EP 1028 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA BPZ21 UT WOS:000280416400107 ER PT B AU Braybrooke, G Wambach, PF AF Braybrooke, Geoffrey Wambach, Paul F. BE Brisson, MJ Ekechukwu, AA TI Applications, Future Tends, and Opportunities SO BERYLLIUM: ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS AND MONITORING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; BERYLLIUM; EXPOSURE; WORKERS AB Currently beryllium exposure monitoring uses measurement technology developed for metals in general. The very low levels that beryllium exposure control programs are attempting to achieve are leading to innovative analytical methods and could drive innovative exposure monitoring strategies as well. Current strategies generally aim to use air monitoring results for two purposes: 1) to estimate individuals' actual exposures and 2) understand the causes and sources of exposure. This strategy dictates collecting samples from small air volumes. The samples need to be collected from workers breathing zones with wearable monitors to reflect the workers actual exposure and the duration of sampling is limited to a single work shift or shorter periods so that the results can be related to jobs or tasks that are the likely cause of the exposure. Strategies that accomplish these two goals with separate measurements might allow for larger air volumes or more sensitive particle counting instruments. Beryllium risk management also utilizes surface sampling to understand the distribution of contamination and to determine whether skin protection is effective. Recent developments in dermal monitoring are beginning to be used for beryllium exposure control as well. Surface wipe sampling methods developed as a quality check for cleaning are proving to be less well suited for characterization of surfaces with settled dust. Vacuum sampling may be better suited for this problem if agreed-upon methods for interpretation can be reached. Technology that could be used for point-and-shoot instruments has been demonstrated but would require significant investment to develop. C1 [Braybrooke, Geoffrey] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, IH Field Serv Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Wambach, Paul F.] US DOE, Off Worker Safety & Hlth Policy, Washington, DC 20505 USA. RP Braybrooke, G (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, IH Field Serv Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84755-903-6 PY 2009 BP 182 EP 193 DI 10.1039/9781847559678-00182 D2 10.1039/9781847559678 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BLH76 UT WOS:000270202200009 ER PT S AU Currano, LJ Liu, HJ Gee, DN Yang, BJ Yu, M AF Currano, Luke J. Liu, Haijun Gee, Danny Yang, Benjamin Yu, Miao BE Fell, NF Swaminathan, VS TI Microscale implementation of a bio-inspired acoustic localization device SO BIO-INSPIRED/BIOMIMETIC SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Bio-Inspired/Biomimetic Sensor Technologies and Applications CY APR 13-14, 2009 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE acoustic; bio-inspired; microphone; ormia AB We present a microscale implementation of an acoustic localization device inspired by the auditory organ of the parasitic fly Ormia Ochracea. The device consists of a pair of circular membranes coupled together with a beam. The coupling serves to amplify the difference in magnitude and phase between the response of the two membranes as the incident angle of the sound changes, allowing directional information to be deduced from the coupled device response. The device was fabricated using MEMS technology and tested with laser Doppler vibrometery. Amplification factors of up to 7 times were observed in the phase difference between the membranes at 90 degree incident sound angles, with directional sensitivity of up to 0.3 mu s/degree. C1 [Currano, Luke J.; Gee, Danny] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Currano, LJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM lcurrano@arl.army.mil RI Liu, Haijun/A-5060-2016 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7587-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2009 VL 7321 AR 73210B DI 10.1117/12.821675 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BVO66 UT WOS:000292095600010 ER PT B AU Ehlinger, GS Tankersley, RA AF Ehlinger, G. S. Tankersley, R. A. BE Tanacredi, JT Botton, ML Smith, DR TI Ecology of Horseshoe Crabs in Microtidal Lagoons SO BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION OF HORSESHOE CRABS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on the Science and Conservation of Horseshoe Crabs CY JUN 11-17, 2007 CL Dowling Coll, Oakdale, NY SP VT, NY DEC, Sea Grant, Woods Hole, Sea Grant, New York, USGS HO Dowling Coll ID LIMULUS-POLYPHEMUS L; VERTICAL MIGRATION; ESTUARINE CRAB; DELAWARE BAY; LARVAE; RHYTHMS; TEMPERATURE; SELECTION; SALINITY; SURVIVAL AB The American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, typically inhabits estuaries and coastal areas with pronounced tides that have a significant influence on their physiology, behavior, and ecology. Most notably, changes in water level associated with the tides have been shown to underlie temporal and spatial patterns in spawning. However, horseshoe crabs also inhabit areas that lack significant tides and associated cues that are known to mediate reproduction. Our investigations of the potential impact of conditions in micro-tidal lagoon habitats on the timing and frequency of spawning of L. polyphemus adults and the development and survival of embryos and larvae have focused on populations inhabiting the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), a large, shallow estuary along the east coast of Florida, USA. Extensive surveys of adult activity along beaches indicated that spawning occurs year-round but is aperiodic. Larval abundances in the plankton are low and more closely associated with changes in water level than adult spawning activity. Laboratory experiments indicated that embryos and larvae are able to tolerate extreme salinities and temperatures that occur in temperate and tropical microtidal lagoons in the summer. Embryos complete development and molt at salinities below 60, yet fail to develop at temperatures >= 35 degrees C. Larvae tolerate salinities of 10-70, but survivorship declines significantly at more extreme salinities (i.e., 5, 80, and 90). Results indicate that both temperature and salinity influence the rate of development, but only the extremes of these environmental factors have an effect on survival. In general, the reproductive ecology and early life history of L. polyphemus in microtidal lagoons differ markedly from those documented for populations inhabiting tidal areas. This difference is likely due to extreme salinity and temperature conditions during Summer reproductive periods and the lack of tidally related synchronization cues for spawning and regular, periodic beach inundation. C1 [Ehlinger, G. S.] US Army Corps Engn, 701 San Marco Blvd, Jacksonville, FL 32207 USA. RP Ehlinger, GS (reprint author), US Army Corps Engn, 701 San Marco Blvd, Jacksonville, FL 32207 USA. EM Gretchen.s.ehlinger@usace.army.mil FU National Park Service [CA518099049] FX Research supported by National Park Service Grant No.CA518099049. We thank Canaveral National Seashore, Merritt Island National Wildlife, Kennedy Space Center/Dynamac Corp., and the Brevard County Parks and Recreation Department for access to the study areas. We are grateful to C. Mufale, R. Resnick, K. Tennyson, M. Zokan, and numerous other people for their assistance in the field. We are grateful toM.Mota, E. Reyier,and D. Scheidt for their assistance in collecting adult crabs, A. Brenner and K. Smolarek for their assistance in the lab, and Drs. D. Carroll and J. Grimwade for use of laboratory equipment. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-89958-9 PY 2009 BP 149 EP + DI 10.1007/978-0-387-89959-6_9 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BKX19 UT WOS:000269519400009 ER PT J AU Arnett, CM Adrian, NR Ringelberg, DB Wesslund, NA Yenser, KN AF Arnett, Clint M. Adrian, Neal R. Ringelberg, David B. Wesslund, Neil A. Yenser, Kelly N. TI Sulfate-Mediated Bacterial Population Shift in a Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)-Degrading Anaerobic Enrichment Culture SO BIOREMEDIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Acetobacterium; Clostridia; Desulfovibrio; explosive; Geobacter; hexahydro-1; 3; 5-trinitro-1; 3; 5-triazine AB The effects of sulfate on the population dynamics of an anaerobic hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)-degrading consortium were studied using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. One hundred percent of the initial RDX was degraded in the sulfate-amended culture within 3 days of incubation. In the sulfate-unamended cultures, 35% of the initial RDX remained after 3 days and 8% after 7 days of incubation. Based on the T-RFLP distribution of the community 16S rDNA genes, the microcosm consisted predominantly of two organisms, a Geobacter sp. (78%) and an Acetobacterium sp. (14%). However, in the presence of sulfate, both species decreased to less than 3% of the total population within 3 days and an unclassified Clostridiaceae became the dominant organism at 40% the total fragment distribution. This indicated the explosive-degrading consortium had greater diversity than initially perceived and rapidly adapted to a readily available electron acceptor, which in turn stimulated RDX degradation. RP Arnett, CM (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, POB 9005, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. EM Clint.Arnett@usace.army.mil NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1088-9868 J9 BIOREMEDIAT J JI Bioremediat. J. PY 2009 VL 13 IS 1 BP 52 EP 63 AR PII 908860111 DI 10.1080/10889860802690653 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 410HX UT WOS:000263569200006 ER PT J AU Popuri, SR Vijaya, Y Boddu, VM Abburi, K AF Popuri, Srinivasa R. Vijaya, Y. Boddu, Veera M. Abburi, Krishnaiah TI Adsorptive removal of copper and nickel ions from water using chitosan coated PVC beads SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chitosan; Biosorption; PVC beads; Copper; Nickel ID METAL-IONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; FISHERY WASTES; SORPTION; CU(II); CHITIN; EQUILIBRIUM; ADSORBENTS; NI(II); DYE AB A new biosorbent was developed by coating chitosan, a naturally and abundantly available biopolymer, on to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) beads. The biosorbent was characterized by FTIR spectra, porosity and surface area analyses. Equilibrium and column flow adsorption characteristics of copper(II) and nickel(II) ions on the biosorbent were studied. The effect of pH, agitation time, concentration of adsorbate and amount of adsorbent on the extent of adsorption was investigated. The experimental data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The data were analyzed on the basis of Lagergren pseudo first order, pseudo-second order and Weber-Morris intraparticle diffusion models. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of chitosan coated PVC sorbent as obtained from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be 87.9 mg g(-1) for Cu(II) and 120.5 mg g(-1) for Ni(II) ions, respectively. In addition, breakthrough curves were obtained from column flow experiments. The experimental results demonstrated that chitosan coated PVC beads could be used for the removal of Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous medium through adsorption. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Popuri, Srinivasa R.; Vijaya, Y.; Abburi, Krishnaiah] Sri Venkateswara Univ, Dept Chem, Biopolymers & Thermophys Lab, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Boddu, Veera M.] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Abburi, K (reprint author), Sri Venkateswara Univ, Dept Chem, Biopolymers & Thermophys Lab, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM abburikrishnaiah@gmail.com RI Dr. Vijaya, Yarramuthi/H-5801-2011 NR 35 TC 148 Z9 154 U1 4 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 100 IS 1 BP 194 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.05.041 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 361UJ UT WOS:000260152300030 PM 18614363 ER PT J AU Ruan, JH Deng, YP Perkins, EJ Zhang, WX AF Ruan, Jianhua Deng, Youping Perkins, Edward J. Zhang, Weixiong TI An ensemble learning approach to reverse-engineering transcriptional regulatory networks from time-series gene expression data SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID CELL-CYCLE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; YEAST; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; DISCOVERY; PATTERNS; SEQUENCE; ELEMENTS AB Background: One of the most challenging tasks in the post-genomic era is to reconstruct the transcriptional regulatory networks. The goal is to reveal, for each gene that responds to a certain biological event, which transcription factors affect its expression, and how a set of transcription factors coordinate to accomplish temporal and spatial specific regulations. Results: Here we propose a supervised machine learning approach to address these questions. We focus our study on the gene transcriptional regulation of the cell cycle in the budding yeast, thanks to the large amount of data available and relatively well-understood biology, although the main ideas of our method can be applied to other data as well. Our method starts with building an ensemble of decision trees for each microarray data to capture the association between the expression levels of yeast genes and the binding of transcription factors to gene promoter regions, as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation microarray (ChIP-chip) experiment. Cross-validation experiments show that the method is more accurate and reliable than the naive decision tree algorithm and several other ensemble learning methods. From the decision tree ensembles, we extract logical rules that explain how a set of transcription factors act in concert to regulate the expression of their targets. We further compute a profile for each rule to show its regulation strengths at different time points. We also propose a spline interpolation method to integrate the rule profiles learned from several time series expression data sets that measure the same biological process. We then combine these rule profiles to build a transcriptional regulatory network for the yeast cell cycle. Compared to the results in the literature, our method correctly identifies all major known yeast cell cycle transcription factors, and assigns them into appropriate cell cycle phases. Our method also identifies many interesting synergetic relationships among these transcription factors, most of which are well known, while many of the rest can also be supported by other evidences. Conclusion: The high accuracy of our method indicates that our method is valid and robust. As more gene expression and transcription factor binding data become available, we believe that our method is useful for reconstructing large-scale transcriptional regulatory networks in other species as well. C1 [Ruan, Jianhua] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Comp Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Deng, Youping] SpecPro Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Deng, Youping] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Zhang, Weixiong] Washington Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Zhang, Weixiong] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Ruan, JH (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Comp Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM jruan@cs.utsa.edu; youping.deng@usm.edu; edward.j.perkins@us.army.mil; weixiong.zhang@wustl.edu RI Ruan, Jianhua/I-2529-2012 FU NCI NIH HHS [SC3 GM086305-01]; NIGMS NIH HHS [SC3 GM086305-01, 1SC3GM086305-01, SC3 GM086305] NR 52 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PY 2009 VL 10 AR S8 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-10-S1-S8 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 479BV UT WOS:000268634900009 PM 19594885 ER PT J AU Enquobahrie, DA Williams, MA Qiu, CF Muhie, SY Slentz-Kesler, K Ge, ZP Sorenson, T AF Enquobahrie, Daniel A. Williams, Michelle A. Qiu, Chunfang Muhie, Seid Y. Slentz-Kesler, Kimberly Ge, Zhaoping Sorenson, Tanya TI Early pregnancy peripheral blood gene expression and risk of preterm delivery: a nested case control study SO BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH LA English DT Article AB Background: Preterm delivery (PTD) is a significant public health problem associated with greater risk of mortality and morbidity in infants and mothers. Pathophysiologic processes that may lead to PTD start early in pregnancy. We investigated early pregnancy peripheral blood global gene expression and PTD risk. Methods: As part of a prospective study, ribonucleic acid was extracted from blood samples (collected at 16 weeks gestational age) from 14 women who had PTD (cases) and 16 women who delivered at term (controls). Gene expressions were measured using the GeneChip (R) Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array. Student's T-test and fold change analysis were used to identify differentially expressed genes. We used hierarchical clustering and principle components analysis to characterize signature gene expression patterns among cases and controls. Pathway and promoter sequence analyses were used to investigate functions and functional relationships as well as regulatory regions of differentially expressed genes. Results: A total of 209 genes, including potential candidate genes (e. g. PTGDS, prostaglandin D2 synthase 21 kDa), were differentially expressed. A set of these genes achieved accurate pre-diagnostic separation of cases and controls. These genes participate in functions related to immune system and inflammation, organ development, metabolism (lipid, carbohydrate and amino acid) and cell signaling. Binding sites of putative transcription factors such as EGR1 (early growth response 1), TFAP2A (transcription factor AP2A), Sp1 (specificity protein 1) and Sp3 (specificity protein 3) were over represented in promoter regions of differentially expressed genes. Real-time PCR confirmed microarray expression measurements of selected genes. Conclusions: PTD is associated with maternal early pregnancy peripheral blood gene expression changes. Maternal early pregnancy peripheral blood gene expression patterns may be useful for better understanding of PTD pathophysiology and PTD risk prediction. C1 [Enquobahrie, Daniel A.; Williams, Michelle A.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Muhie, Seid Y.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Williams, Michelle A.; Qiu, Chunfang; Sorenson, Tanya] Swedish Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Slentz-Kesler, Kimberly; Ge, Zhaoping] Almac Diagnost, Durham, NC USA. RP Enquobahrie, DA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM danenq@u.washington.edu; mwilliam@u.washington.edu; Chun-fang.Qiu@swedish.org; sym2@georgetown.edu; kimberly.slentz-kesler@almacgroup.com; zhaoping.ge@almacgroup.com; mwilliam@u.washington.edu FU National Institute of Child Health and Development, National Institutes of Health, NICHD/NIH [HD R01-32562] FX The authors are indebted to participants of the Omega study for their cooperation. They are also grateful for the expertise of The Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center staff; and, the staff of Almac Diagnostics. This study was supported in part by a grant from the National Institute of Child Health and Development, National Institutes of Health, NICHD/NIH (HD R01-32562). The funding agency had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2393 J9 BMC PREGNANCY CHILDB JI BMC Pregnancy Childbirth PY 2009 VL 9 AR 56 DI 10.1186/1471-2393-9-56 PG 16 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA V19YE UT WOS:000208106900056 PM 20003277 ER PT J AU Stojadinovic, A Peoples, GE Libutti, SK Henry, LR Eberhardt, J Howard, RS Gur, D Elster, EA Nissan, A AF Stojadinovic, Alexander Peoples, George E. Libutti, Steven K. Henry, Leonard R. Eberhardt, John Howard, Robin S. Gur, David Elster, Eric A. Nissan, Aviram TI Development of a clinical decision model for thyroid nodules SO BMC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID FINE-NEEDLE-ASPIRATION; CORONARY-ARTERY SURGERY; CANCER; RISK; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL AB Background: Thyroid nodules represent a common problem brought to medical attention. Four to seven percent of the United States adult population (10-18 million people) has a palpable thyroid nodule, however the majority (>95%) of thyroid nodules are benign. While, fine needle aspiration remains the most cost effective and accurate diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules in current practice, over 20% of patients undergoing FNA of a thyroid nodule have indeterminate cytology (follicular neoplasm) with associated malignancy risk prevalence of 20-30%. These patients require thyroid lobectomy/isthmusectomy purely for the purpose of attaining a definitive diagnosis. Given that the majority (70-80%) of these patients have benign surgical pathology, thyroidectomy in these patients is conducted principally with diagnostic intent. Clinical models predictive of malignancy risk are needed to support treatment decisions in patients with thyroid nodules in order to reduce morbidity associated with unnecessary diagnostic surgery. Methods: Data were analyzed from a completed prospective cohort trial conducted over a 4-year period involving 216 patients with thyroid nodules undergoing ultrasound (US), electrical impedance scanning (EIS) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) prior to thyroidectomy. A Bayesian model was designed to predict malignancy in thyroid nodules based on multivariate dependence relationships between independent covariates. Ten-fold cross-validation was performed to estimate classifier error wherein the data set was randomized into ten separate and unique train and test sets consisting of a training set (90% of records) and a test set (10% of records). A receiver-operating-characteristics (ROC) curve of these predictions and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to determine model robustness for predicting malignancy in thyroid nodules. Results: Thyroid nodule size, FNA cytology, US and EIS characteristics were highly predictive of malignancy. Cross validation of the model created with Bayesian Network Analysis effectively predicted malignancy [AUC = 0.88 (95%CI: 0.82-0.94)] in thyroid nodules. The positive and negative predictive values of the model are 83% (95%CI: 76%-91%) and 79% (95%CI: 72%-86%), respectively. Conclusion: An integrated predictive decision model using Bayesian inference incorporating readily obtainable thyroid nodule measures is clinically relevant, as it effectively predicts malignancy in thyroid nodules. This model warrants further validation testing in prospective clinical trials. C1 [Stojadinovic, Alexander] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Peoples, George E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Stojadinovic, Alexander; Peoples, George E.; Henry, Leonard R.; Nissan, Aviram] US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Libutti, Steven K.] NCI, Angiogenesis Sect, Surg Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Henry, Leonard R.; Elster, Eric A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. [Eberhardt, John] DecisionQ, BioInformat Div, Washington, DC USA. [Howard, Robin S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Div Biostat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Gur, David] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Radiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Gur, David] Magee Womens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Nissan, Aviram] Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Stojadinovic, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM alexander.stojadinovic@amedd.army.mil; georgepeoples@hotmail.com; slibutti@nih.gov; leonard.henry@med.navy.mil; john.eberhardt@decisionq.com; robin.howard@amedd.army.mil; gurd@upmc.edu; eric.elster@med.navy.mil; anissan@hadassah.org.il FU Department of Surgery and Department of Clinical Investigation, Walter Reed Army Medical Center FX This study was support by the Department of Surgery and Department of Clinical Investigation, Walter Reed Army Medical Center. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2482 J9 BMC SURG JI BMC Surg. PY 2009 VL 9 AR 12 DI 10.1186/1471-2482-9-12 PG 11 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA V19YD UT WOS:000208106800012 PM 19664278 ER PT J AU Allard, JE Maxwell, GL AF Allard, Jay E. Maxwell, G. Larry TI Race Disparities Between Black and White Women in the Incidence, Treatment, and Prognosis of Endometrial Cancer SO CANCER CONTROL LA English DT Article AB Background: Uterine cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States, with an estimated 40,100 new cases and 7,470 deaths occurring in 2008. Although the incidence of endometrial cancer is lower among black women compared with white women, the proportion of cancer-related deaths among blacks is higher and has continued to rise over the past two decades. Methods: The authors conducted a survey of recent literature published in the English language and have used these articles as the basis for this review. Results: The etiology for the racial disparity among black women with endometrial cancer is multifactorial and may be the result of barriers that impede access to care, an increased incidence of comorbidities among black women, inequalities in surgical care, adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation treatment, and underlying biological differences associated with more aggressive tumors that often develop in black women. Conclusions: Black women with endometrial cancer have a poorer prognosis compared with white women. Factors that contribute to this racial disparity include later diagnosis, treatment disparities, comorbid conditions, and genetic differences in tumors. An improved understanding of the causative factors associated with racial disparities in endometrial cancer outcome is needed to facilitate efforts aimed at correcting this important health care problem and providing individualized care to those at highest risk for poor outcome. C1 [Maxwell, G. Larry] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Maxwell, GL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM george.maxwell@na.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU H LEE MOFFITT CANCER CENTER & RESEARCH INST PI TAMPA PA 12902 MAGNOLIA DR, TAMPA, FL 33612 USA SN 1073-2748 J9 CANCER CONTROL JI Cancer Control PD JAN PY 2009 VL 16 IS 1 BP 53 EP 56 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V24TR UT WOS:000208433200008 PM 19078930 ER PT S AU Holthoff, EL Pellegrino, PM AF Holthoff, Ellen L. Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Fountain, AW Gardner, PJ TI Development of a MEMS-Scale Photoacoustic Chemical Sensor for Trace Vapor Detection SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING X SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing X CY APR 14-16, 2009 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE Photoacoustic spectroscopy; sensor; quantum cascade laser; MEMS ID ACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY; MINIATURIZATION; INTEGRATION; CELL AB Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) is a useful monitoring technique that is well suited for trace gas detection. This method routinely exhibits detection limits at the parts-per-million (ppm) or parts-per-billion (ppb) level for gaseous samples. PAS also possesses favorable detection characteristics when the system dimensions are scaled to a micro-system design. Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)-scale designs offer the possibility to develop photoacoustic sensors in which the signals would remain at sensitivities similar to or greater than those typically found in macro-scale devices. The objective of the present work is to develop a monolithic MEMS-scale photoacoustic trace gas sensor utilizing the Army Research Laboratory's chemical and biological sensing capability. In order to realize the advantage of photoacoustic sensor miniaturization, light sources of comparable size are required. Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) have been tested in combination with MEMS-scale photoacoustic cells. This sensing platform has provided favorable detection limits for a standard nerve agent simulant. Current research employs this sensor scheme for the detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene, a degradation product of TNT. Preliminary results describing the sensor capabilities and performance for the detection of this compound will be presented. C1 [Holthoff, Ellen L.; Pellegrino, Paul M.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Holthoff, EL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7570-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2009 VL 7304 AR 73040K DI 10.1117/12.817757 PG 8 WC Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy SC Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy GA BVR69 UT WOS:000292557300014 ER PT S AU Lall, RP AF Lall, Ravinder P. BE Fountain, AW Gardner, PJ TI Chemical Biological (CB) Defense, Technology, Solution, for Tactical CB Threat Detection by Active/Passive CB Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation (Photons), 8-12 mu M Wavelength and Electro-Optics SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING X SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing X CY APR 14-16, 2009 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE AB This reports presents the Chemical Biological (CB) Defense solution, for enhancing the detection of the presence of low amounts of hazardous CB threat in atmospheric air, and discrimination in CB detection, as well as tactical determination of threat CB agents' concentrations, in a specific atmospheric range. at various time intervals. This approach involves the quantitative monitoring the atmospheric air for detection of hazardous CB change, quantitative correlations/ratios of the active/passive CB Infrared (IR) EM radiation (photons), 8-12 mu M wavelength, (absorption/emission), in specific atmospheric air, Chem. Bio. Threat detection Field of Monitor (CBTFOM). Infrared (IR) EM energy/light detection&measurement, with respect to different time intervals, in a specific CBTFOM, by Electro-Optics. CB threat detection uses CB IR absorption signatures, 8-12 mu M wavelength, in the EM spectrum, which is good for atmospheric transmission. Earth is the source of energy for 8-12 mu M wavelength. This CB threat detection approach will use the reference CB IR EM radiation (absorption, emission) cross sections(m(2)/molecule, or m(2)/agent particle(ap)), for different wavelengths, for comparison. Quantitative CB infrared absorption signatures detected will include evaluation for (1) Percentage of total CB infrared absorption/emission energy in various spectral intervals(2) Relative radiance distribution for the EM spectral range Detection of the presence of low amounts of CB threat is achieved by monitoring, and measuring the collective, differential active/passive CB, Infrared EM, absorption/emission changes (addition of lumps of EM radiation (photons, of similar spectral intervals) from a wider atmospheric range for a specific threat scene. Biological agents possess different quantities of multiple components/different quantities of multiple functional groups (intermolecular), better addresses, applicability for CBD, CB Detection. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Lall, RP (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7570-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2009 VL 7304 AR 73040O DI 10.1117/12.818888 PG 8 WC Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy SC Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy GA BVR69 UT WOS:000292557300018 ER PT J AU Levine, R AF Levine, Ralph TI CSTRs: Bound for Maximum Conversion SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 [Levine, Ralph] Plants Design Operat & R&D, Ballwin, MO 63021 USA. [Levine, Ralph] USA, Chem Corps, Washington, DC USA. RP Levine, R (reprint author), Plants Design Operat & R&D, 578 Arbor Meadow Dr, Ballwin, MO 63021 USA. EM ralphle2000@yahoo.com NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHEMICAL WEEK ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 110 WILLIAM ST, 11TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10038 USA SN 0009-2460 J9 CHEM ENG-NEW YORK JI Chem. Eng. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 116 IS 1 BP 30 EP 34 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 399AT UT WOS:000262773500006 ER PT J AU Kier, LR Cheng, CK Nelson, JD AF Kier, Lemont R. Cheng, Cho-Kun Nelson, Jean D. TI Cellular Automata Models of the Influences on Solute Diffusion through Water SO CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article ID SELF-DIFFUSION; SOILS; SIMULATION AB A cellular automata (CA) model of liquid water has been used to study self-diffusion and the diffusion of a solute. The influences of temperature and solute hydropathic state are modeled as variables in this process. The self-diffusion model correlates very well with earlier experimental data. The diffusion of a solute experiences variation with temperature and its hydropathic states. These influences are found to relate to models of free hydroxy groups and the average cavity cluster size in bulk water. These preliminary models serve as the basis for modeling solute diffusion for specific contaminants of interest (such as heavy metals like uranium) in a water system, and addressing its migration patterns with water relative to temperature. C1 [Kier, Lemont R.; Cheng, Cho-Kun] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Ctr Study Biol Complex, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Nelson, Jean D.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Kier, LR (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Ctr Study Biol Complex, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. FU U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center; Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) Program [W9132V-08-C-0017]; Topographic Engineering Center FX Funding for this study was provided through the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Topographic Engineering Center, Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) Program, under Contract No. W9132V-08-C-0017. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1612-1872 J9 CHEM BIODIVERS JI Chem. Biodivers. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 3 BP 295 EP 302 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 427OD UT WOS:000264787700003 PM 19319865 ER PT J AU Kier, LB Cheng, CK Nelson, JD AF Kier, Lemont B. Cheng, Cho-Kun Nelson, Jean D. TI Models of Solute Aggregation Using Cellular Automata SO CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MINERALS; URANYL AB A series of models using cellular automata (CA) are created to examine the influences on the phenomenon of solute aggregation. The models used the variations in hydropathic states of the solutes to produce changes in the clustering patterns. It was found that an increase in the hydrophobic character of the solute molecules led to greater aggregation. The effect of concentration of solutes was also modeled. These preliminary models of solute aggregation serve as the basis for subsequent models relative to both biological receptor interactions, and the fate and transport of environmental contaminants of interest. C1 [Kier, Lemont B.; Cheng, Cho-Kun] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Ctr Study Biol Complex, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Nelson, Jean D.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Kier, LB (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Ctr Study Biol Complex, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. FU US Army Engineer Research and Development Center; Topographic Engineering Center, Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) Program [W9132V-08-C-0017] FX Funding for this study was provided through the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Topographic Engineering Center, Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) Program, under Contract No. W9132V-08-C-0017. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1612-1872 J9 CHEM BIODIVERS JI Chem. Biodivers. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 3 BP 396 EP 401 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 427OD UT WOS:000264787700013 PM 19319876 ER PT J AU Letticri, CJ Eliasson, AH AF Letticri, Christopher J. Eliasson, Arn H. TI Pneumatic Compression Devices Are an Effective Therapy for Restless Legs Syndrome A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE alternative therapy; pneumatic compressive devices; restless legs syndrome; treatment ID INTRAVENOUS IRON DEXTRAN; LIMB MOVEMENT-DISORDER; COUNTER PULSATION EECP; SYNDROME RLS; PLACEBO; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; VALIDATION; ROPINIROLE; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Pharmacotherapy for restless legs syndrome (RLS) may be ineffective or complicated by side effects. Uncontrolled series using pneumatic compression devices (PCDs) have been shown to reduce symptoms of RLS. We sought to assess the efficacy of PCDs as a nonpharmacologic treatment or RLS. Methods: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled trial of individuals with RLS. Subjects wore a therapeutic or sham device prior to the usual onset of symptoms for a minimum of 1. h daily. Measures of severity of illness, quality of life, daytime sleepiness, and fatigue were compared at baseline and after I month of therapy. Results: Thirty-five subjects were enrolled. Groups were similar at baseline. Therapeutic PCDs significantly improved all measured variables more than shams. Restless Legs Severity Score improved from 14.1 +/- 3.9 to 8.4 +/- 3.4 (p = 0.006) and Johns Hopkins Restless Legs Scale improved from 2.2 +/- 0.5 to.1.2 +/- 0.7 (p = 0.01). All quality, of life domains improved more with therapeutic than sham devices (social function 14% vs 1%, respectively; p = 0.03; daytime function 21% vs 6%, respectively, p = 0.02; sleep quality 16% vs 8%, respectively, p = 0.05; emotional well-being 17% vs 10%, respectively, p = 0.15). Both Epworth sleepiness scale (6.5 +/- 4.0 vs 11.3 +/- 3.9, respectively, p = 0.04) and fatigue (4.1 +/- 2.1 vs 6.9 +/- 2.0, respectively, p = 0.01) improved more with therapeutic devices than sham devices. Complete relief occurred in one third of subjects using therapeutic and in no subjects using sham devices. Conclusion: PCDs resulted in clinically significant improvements in symptoms of RLS in comparison to the use of sham devices and may be an effective adjunctive or alternative therapy, for RLS. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00479531 (CHEST 2009; 135:74-80) C1 [Letticri, Christopher J.; Eliasson, Arn H.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Letticri, CJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM christopher.lettieri@us.army.mil NR 33 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JAN PY 2009 VL 135 IS 1 BP 74 EP 80 DI 10.1378/chest.08-1665 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 392LN UT WOS:000262304300014 PM 19017878 ER PT J AU Paul, MA Miller, JC Love, RJ Lieberman, H Blazeski, S Arendt, J AF Paul, Michel A. Miller, James C. Love, Ryan J. Lieberman, Harris Blazeski, Sofi Arendt, Josephine TI Timing Light Treatment for Eastward and Westward Travel Preparation SO CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Jet lag; Light treatment; Dim light melatonin onset; Circadian phase shift ID HUMAN CIRCADIAN PACEMAKER; INTERMITTENT BRIGHT LIGHT; PHASE RESPONSE CURVE; NIGHT-SHIFT WORK; JET-LAG; MELATONIN SUPPRESSION; ACTION SPECTRUM; SLEEP; HUMANS; RHYTHM AB Jet lag degrades performance and operational readiness of recently deployed military personnel and other travelers. The objective of the studies reported here was to determine, using a narrow bandwidth light tower (500nm), the optimum timing of light treatment to hasten adaptive circadian phase advance and delay. Three counterbalanced treatment order, repeated measures studies were conducted to compare melatonin suppression and phase shift across multiple light treatment timings. In Experiment 1, 14 normal healthy volunteers (8 men/6 women) aged 34.9 +/- 8.2 yrs (mean +/- SD) underwent light treatment at the following times: A) 06:00 to 07:00h, B) 05:30 to 07:30h, and C) 09:00 to 10:00h (active control). In Experiment 2, 13 normal healthy subjects (7 men/6 women) aged 35.6 +/- 6.9 yrs, underwent light treatment at each of the following times: A) 06:00 to 07:00h, B) 07:00 to 08:00h, C) 08:00 to 09:00h, and a no-light control session (D) from 07:00 to 08:00h. In Experiment 3, 10 normal healthy subjects (6 men/4 women) aged 37.0 +/- 7.7 yrs underwent light treatment at the following times: A) 02:00 to 03:00h, B) 02:30 to 03:30h, and C) 03:00 to 04:00h, with a no-light control (D) from 02:30 to 03:30h. Dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) was established by two methods: when salivary melatonin levels exceeded a 1.0 pg/ml threshold, and when salivary melatonin levels exceeded three times the 0.9 pg/ml sensitivity of the radioimmunoasssy. Using the 1.0 pg/ml DLMO, significant phase advances were found in Experiment 1 for conditions A (p .028) and B (p 0.004). Experiment 2 showed significant phase advances in conditions A (p 0.018) and B (p 0.003) but not C (p 0.23), relative to condition D. In Experiment 3, only condition B (p 0.035) provided a significant phase delay relative to condition D. Similar but generally smaller phase shifts were found with the 2.7 pg/ml DLMO method. This threshold was used to analyze phase shifts against circadian time of the start of light treatment for all three experiments. The best fit curve applied to these data (R2 = 0.94) provided a partial phase-response curve with maximum advance at approximately 9-11h and maximum delay at approximately 5-6h following DLMO. These data suggest largest phase advances will result when light treatment is started between 06:00 and 08:00h, and greatest phase delays will result from light treatment started between 02:00 to 03:00h in entrained subjects with a regular sleep wake cycle (23:00 to 07:00h). C1 [Paul, Michel A.; Blazeski, Sofi] Def Res & Dev Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Miller, James C.] Miller Ergon, San Antonio, TX USA. [Love, Ryan J.] McMaster Univ, Sch Biomed Engn, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Lieberman, Harris] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Arendt, Josephine] Univ Surrey, Ctr Chronobiol, Neuroendocrinol Grp, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. RP Paul, MA (reprint author), Def Res & Dev Canada, 1133 Sheppard Ave W,POB 2000, N York, ON M3M 3B9, Canada. EM michel.paul@drdc-rddc.gc.ca RI Love, Ryan/I-8597-2012; OI Love, Ryan/0000-0003-1759-2957; Miller, James/0000-0002-3897-8376 FU Canadian Forces FX The views, opinions, and/or findings in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC), Department of National Defence (DND) Canada, or U. S. Department of Defense (DoD) position, policy or decisions, unless so designated by other official documentation. Citations of commercial organizations and trade names in this report do not constitute an official DRDC, DND Canada, or U. S. DoD endorsement or approval of the products or services of these organizations. Funding for this research was provided by the Canadian Forces. NR 55 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0742-0528 J9 CHRONOBIOL INT JI Chronobiol. Int. PY 2009 VL 26 IS 5 BP 867 EP 890 AR PII 913452466 DI 10.1080/07420520903044331 PG 24 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA 475VR UT WOS:000268391700006 PM 19637048 ER PT B AU Cheung, YS Chung, JH Coleman, NP AF Cheung, Yushing Chung, Jae H. Coleman, Norman P. GP IEEE TI SEMI-AUTONOMOUS FORMATION CONTROL OF A SINGLE-MASTER MULTI-SLAVE TELEOPERATION SYSTEM SO CICA: 2009 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN CONTROL AND AUTOMATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Control and Automation CY MAR 30-APR 02, 2009 CL Nashville, TN SP IEEE AB The primary objective of this paper is to develop an adaptive formation control method for a team of mobile robotic agents, which implements formation control, obstacle avoidance, and operator induced error compensation for unconstrained motions. In this approach, a leader robot is selected and teleoperated by an operator and the follower robots are autonomously coordinated to make a formation to perform a variety of tasks such as searching and/or pursuing targets, reconnaissance, etc. The formation can be reconfigured to avoid collisions with stationary obstacles and among the member robots. The performance of the developed method was investigated through haptic simulations and experiments. In the simulation study, a haptic device was used as the master robot, and three virtual nonholonomic mobile platforms were employed. The developed method was implemented on two differentially driven Pioneer-AT platforms. Both studies demonstrated consistent performance of the semi-autonomous formation control method in the presence of time-varying communication delays, erroneous operator commands, and stationary obstacles. C1 [Cheung, Yushing] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Chung, Jae H.; Coleman, Norman P.] US Army, RDECOM ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Cheung, YS (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. FU Ministry of Construction & Transportation of Korean government [06-D01] FX This research was supported partially by a grant (code no. 06-D01) from Unified and Advanced Construction Technology Program funded by Ministry of Construction & Transportation of Korean government NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2752-9 PY 2009 BP 117 EP + PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BKT01 UT WOS:000269126900018 ER PT J AU Mizel, SB Graff, AH Sriranganathan, N Ervin, S Lees, CJ Lively, MO Hantgan, RR Thomas, MJ Wood, J Bell, B AF Mizel, Steven B. Graff, Aaron H. Sriranganathan, Nammalwar Ervin, Sean Lees, Cynthia J. Lively, Mark O. Hantgan, Roy R. Thomas, Michael J. Wood, James Bell, Brian TI Flagellin-F1-V Fusion Protein Is an Effective Plague Vaccine in Mice and Two Species of Nonhuman Primates SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC RECOMBINANT VACCINE; MUCOSAL ADJUVANT ACTIVITY; GRAM-NEGATIVE FLAGELLIN; YERSINIA-PESTIS; BACTERIAL FLAGELLIN; INFLUENZA VACCINE; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; V-ANTIGEN; PROTECTION AB A number of studies have clearly demonstrated that flagellin is a potent adjuvant that promotes robust immune responses when it is given with a protein antigen. In view of the potential biological and practical benefits of a recombinant protein vaccine composed of a single fusion protein containing flagellin and antigen, we have evaluated the efficacy of a fusion protein composed of flagellin and two protective antigens of Yersinia pestis (F1 and V) in eliciting protection against respiratory challenge with Y. pestis. Flagellin-F1-V was produced and purified in high yield under good manufacturing practices conditions. The fusion protein retains full Toll-like receptor 5-stimulating activity in vitro. Using a prime-boost immunization protocol, we found that flagellin-F1-V elicits robust antigen-specific humoral immunity in mice and two species of nonhuman primates. Immune mice were fully protected against intranasal challenge with 150 mean tolerated doses of Y. pestis CO92. In immune mice, the bacteria were completely cleared within 3 days after challenge. Flagellin-F1-V exhibited full stability for at least 297 days at 4 C and at least 168 days at 25 C. At between 29 and 84 days at 37 C, the protein exhibited a loss of biological activity that appeared to be associated with a substantial change in protein diameter, possibly due to oligomerization. On the basis of our results, we believe that flagellin-F1-V is an outstanding candidate for evaluation in studies with humans. C1 [Mizel, Steven B.; Graff, Aaron H.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Ervin, Sean] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Lees, Cynthia J.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Comparat Med Sect, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Lively, Mark O.; Hantgan, Roy R.; Thomas, Michael J.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Sriranganathan, Nammalwar] Virginia Tech, Ctr Mol Med & Infect Dis, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wood, James; Bell, Brian] Bioprod Facil, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Mizel, SB (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM smizel@wfubmc.edu FU NIH [U01 AI070440] FX This work was supported by NIH grant U01 AI070440 to S. B. M. NR 34 TC 57 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 16 IS 1 BP 21 EP 28 DI 10.1128/CVI.00333-08 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 390IM UT WOS:000262157500001 PM 18987167 ER PT J AU Harrison, BK Abell, BE Gibson, TW AF Harrison, Bradley K. Abell, Brian E. Gibson, T. Whitney TI The Thessaly Test for Detection of Meniscal Tears: Validation of a New Physical Examination Technique for Primary Care Medicine SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Thessaly test; meniscal tear; knee injury; physical examination ID CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; KNEE; ACCURACY AB Objective: To assess the validity of a new clinical test (Thessaly) as a means of detecting meniscal tears of the knee by comparing arthroscopic findings to a clinical examination finding. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: All preoperative examinations were performed in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, a secondary care center, Dwight David Eisenhower Army Medical Center, Fort Gordon, Georgia. Participants: 116 consecutive patients undergoing knee arthroscopy for suspected meniscal pathology. Intervention: The Thessaly test was performed during the preoperative examination as previously described. The clinician supports the patient by holding their Outstretched hands while the patient stands flatfooted. The patient then rotates their knee and body, internally and externally, three times, keeping the knee flexed at 20 degrees. Patients with Suspected meniscal tears will experience joint-line discomfort. Main Outcome Measures: The Thessaly test performed at 20 degrees of flexion and arthroscopic Surgical diagnosis. Results: Of the 66 patients with a positive Thessaly test, 65 had an arthroscopically verified meniscal tear. The Thessaly test revealed a sensitivity of 90.3%, specificity of 97.7%, positive predictive value of 98.5%, negative predictive value of 86.0%, likelihood ratio for a positive test of 39.3, likelihood ratio for a negative test of 0.09, and diagnostic accuracy of 88.8%. The resulting kappa coefficient revealed a statistically significant level of agreement (P < 0.001) for the surgical diagnosis and the Thessaly test. Conclusions: The Thessaly test is a valid and reproducible physical examination technique for predicting meniscal tears. The Thessaly test shows promise as an easily performed maneuver that may have better diagnostic accuracy than traditional tests. However, this study was performed at a referral center; therefore, the diagnostic relevance cannot be appropriately applied to a more generalized population. C1 [Harrison, Bradley K.; Abell, Brian E.; Gibson, T. Whitney] Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Harrison, BK (reprint author), Irwin Army Community Hosp, Dept Primary Care & Community Med, 600 Caisson Hill Rd, Ft Riley, KS 66442 USA. EM bradley.k.harrison@amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 17 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1050-642X J9 CLIN J SPORT MED JI Clin. J. Sport Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 9 EP 12 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 393PE UT WOS:000262384400003 PM 19124977 ER PT J AU Chang, WT LaBuda, CS Brown, JM Nakamura, KM AF Chang, William T. LaBuda, Craig S. Brown, Jerry M. Nakamura, Kevin M. TI Delayed Imaging of Meckel's Diverticulum Observation of a Quadrantal Shift SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Meckel diverticulum; scintigraphy; delayed images ID ECTOPIC GASTRIC-MUCOSA; SCINTIGRAPHY; ABERRATIONS; EXPERIENCE AB A 10-year-old male with no significant medical history presented to the emergency room with 2 episodes of painless bright red rectal bleeding within the previous 24 hours. A Meckel's scan utilizing 5.12 mCi of Tc-99m pertechnetate injected intravenously was performed. Continuous anterior images of the abdomen were obtained for 60 minutes. Postvoid images at 1 and 3 hours were also obtained. Coincident with the appearance and progressive intensity of gastric mucosal uptake, a focal accumulation of Tc-99m pertechnetate was observed in the right lower quadrant, just superior to, and separate from the urinary bladder. This finding was consistent with a Meckel diverticulum (MD). Notably, the 3-hour delayed image demonstrated a shift in position of this focus to the left lower quadrant, again just superior to the urinary bladder. A MD was confirmed surgically. As this case illustrates, a scan-positive MD may change in position during imaging and can be differentiated from active gastrointestinal bleeding by the absence of characteristic radiotracer transit through the gut. C1 [LaBuda, Craig S.; Brown, Jerry M.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Chang, William T.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC USA. [Nakamura, Kevin M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brown, JM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM jerry.brown@amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 34 IS 1 BP 50 EP 52 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 389KX UT WOS:000262092400018 PM 19092389 ER PT J AU Offerman, S Barry, JD Richardson, W Tong, T Tanen, D Bush, S Clark, R AF Offerman, Steven R. Barry, J. David Richardson, William H. Tong, Tri Tanen, Dave Bush, Sean P. Clark, Richard F. TI Subcutaneous crotaline Fab antivenom for the treatment of rattlesnake envenomation in a porcine model SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crotaline envenomation; Antivenom; CroFab; Rattlesnake bite ID LOXOSCELES ENVENOMATION; ATROX ENVENOMATION; OVINE ANTIVENOM; UNITED-STATES; PRESSURE; CHILDREN; ANTIGEN; RABIES; BITES AB Introduction. This study was designed to investigate whether the local, subcutaneous injection of Crotaline Fab antivenom (CroFab) at the rattlesnake envenomation site would result in less extremity edema when compared to intravenous (IV) antivenom infusion alone. Methods. This is a randomized, three-arm laboratory experiment using a porcine model. Each animal was anesthetized, intubated, and maintained on mechanical ventilation. About 6 mg/kg of Crotalus atrox venom was injected subcutaneously at the hock of the right hind leg. Animals were then randomized to immediately receive subcutaneous and IV antivenom (SC/IV), IV antivenom only, or saline control. SC/IV animals received two vials of CroFab subcutaneously at the envenomation site and two vials intravenously. IV animals received four vials of CroFab intravenously. Limb edema was tracked by serial circumference and volumetric measurements over an 8-h period. Limb circumference was measured at four pre-determined locations hourly. Limb volume was measured by a water displacement method at baseline, 4, and 8 h. Results. Twenty-six animals were randomized to the three treatment groups. The SC/IV and IV arms included nine animals each. Two animals in the SC/IV group died suddenly during the study, leaving seven animals for data analysis. There were eight controls. Increasing limb edema was observed in all groups. No differences were detected in limb circumferences or limb volumes between control and either treatment arms. Conclusion. In this porcine model of crotaline envenomation, no differences in limb edema were found between animals treated with SC/IV or IV CroFab when compared to saline controls. C1 [Offerman, Steven R.] Kaiser S Sacramento, Dept Emergency Med, Sacramento, CA 95823 USA. [Barry, J. David] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX USA. [Richardson, William H.] Palmetto Richland Mem Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Columbia, SC USA. [Tong, Tri] Univ Calif San Diego, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Tanen, Dave] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Bush, Sean P.] Loma Linda Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Loma Linda, CA USA. RP Offerman, S (reprint author), Kaiser S Sacramento, Dept Emergency Med, 6600 Bruceville Rd, Sacramento, CA 95823 USA. EM steve.offerman@gmail.com NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PY 2009 VL 47 IS 1 BP 61 EP 68 AR PII 907912193 DI 10.1080/15563650701750613 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 395KW UT WOS:000262524000011 PM 19153852 ER PT J AU Zhou, F Advani, SG Wetzel, ED AF Zhou, Fuping Advani, Suresh G. Wetzel, Eric D. TI Simulation of the Slow Drag of a Cylinder through a Confined Pressurized Bed of Dumbbell and Elliptically Cylindrical Granules Using the Discrete Element Method SO CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ELLIPSOIDAL PARTICLES; FLOWS; ASSEMBLIES; VELOCITY; PACKING; MODEL AB Slow drag of a cylinder through a confined, pressurized bed of granules is studied using two-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) simulations. The time-dependent total drag force experienced by the circular cylinder is calculated from the normal and tangential contact forces between the surfaces. To evaluate the role of the granule shape and the aspect ratio on the drag force, the simulation is performed for cylindrical granules, dumbbell-shaped granules, and elliptical granules of three different aspect ratios. Simulation results show that the drag in dumbbell-shaped granules is higher than that in cylindrical granules. In contrast, the drag in elliptical granules decreases as the aspect ratio increases. The flow pattern in elliptical granules is also shown to be much more irregular compared with that of cylindrical and dumbbell-shaped granules. C1 [Advani, Suresh G.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Zhou, Fuping] ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co, Houston, TX 77098 USA. [Wetzel, Eric D.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Advani, SG (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM advani@udel.edu FU Army Research Laboratory FX The support of the project from the Army Research Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged. A discrete simulation code downloaded from the website of Dr. Carl E. Wassgren was the starting point in the development of the Simulation code for the presented work. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TECH SCIENCE PRESS PI NORCROSS PA 6825 JIMMY CARTER BLVD, STE 1850, NORCROSS, GA 30071 USA SN 1526-1492 J9 CMES-COMP MODEL ENG JI CMES-Comp. Model. Eng. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 39 IS 1 BP 49 EP 66 PG 18 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 427IT UT WOS:000264773700003 ER PT B AU Wamsley, TV Stutts, DV Westerink, J Ebersole, BA AF Wamsley, Ty V. Stutts, D. Vann Westerink, Joannes Ebersole, Bruce A. BE Smith, JM TI SURGE AND WAVE MODELING FOR THE LOUISIANA COASTAL PROTECTION AND RESTORATION STUDY SO COASTAL ENGINEERING 2008, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Coastal Engineering CY AUG 31-SEP 05, 2008 CL Hamburg, GERMANY SP Hochtief Construct AG, Elastogran GmbH, Hamburg Port Author, Naue Gmbh & Co KG, Bremenports GmbH & Co KG, IMS Ingenieurgesell mbH, Inros Lackner AG, Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn Verlag Architektur & Tech Wissensch GmbH & Co KG, Enders & Duhrkop Ingenieurgesell mbH, Hafen Hamburg Marketing eV, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, Minist Agr, Envrionm & Rural Areas State Schleswig Holstein, German Port Technol Assoc, German Coastal Engn Res Council AB The Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration (LaCPR) study was authorized by the U.S. Congress to develop a range of flood control, coastal restoration, and hurricane protection measures to make South Louisiana more resilient to hurricane risk. This article briefly describes the approach and integrated modeling system applied to estimate surge and waves. The effect of proposed project alternatives on storm surge levels and waves had to be examined over large spatial and temporal scales for the LaCPR study. A regional surge and wave model was developed to meet this requirement. The modeling system developed has unprecedented detail and captures the important scales of motion for hurricane storm surge inundation and waves. Both natural features and man-made structures can be appropriately represented, which allows for a regional, holistic approach to the evaluation of storm surge and wave mitigation where both engineered and natural features are considered. The computed surge and waves provided input for the hydraulic analysis, which applied frequency curves computed with a modified Joint Probability Method (JPM) referred to as the JPM with Optimal Sampling (JPM-OS). The computed exterior frequency curves were used to determine required levee heights and estimate interior stage frequency curves for calculating damages. Sample surge results are presented which indicate that proposed protection alternatives can impact water levels regionally and that wetland loss may result in increased surges at some locations along the coast. C1 [Wamsley, Ty V.; Ebersole, Bruce A.] USA, Engineer R&D Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wamsley, TV (reprint author), USA, Engineer R&D Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4277-36-5 PY 2009 BP 986 EP 998 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA BKN05 UT WOS:000268630700083 ER PT B AU Cialone, M Sleath, A Wamsley, T McAlpin, T AF Cialone, Mary Sleath, Alison Wamsley, Ty McAlpin, Tate BE Smith, JM TI MISSISSIPPI COASTAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM (MSCIP) STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF LINES OF DEFENSE SO COASTAL ENGINEERING 2008, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Coastal Engineering CY AUG 31-SEP 05, 2008 CL Hamburg, GERMANY SP Hochtief Construct AG, Elastogran GmbH, Hamburg Port Author, Naue Gmbh & Co KG, Bremenports GmbH & Co KG, IMS Ingenieurgesell mbH, Inros Lackner AG, Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn Verlag Architektur & Tech Wissensch GmbH & Co KG, Enders & Duhrkop Ingenieurgesell mbH, Hafen Hamburg Marketing eV, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, Minist Agr, Envrionm & Rural Areas State Schleswig Holstein, German Port Technol Assoc, German Coastal Engn Res Council ID HURRICANE STORM-SURGE; MODEL AB A multi-objective, comprehensive technical evaluation was conducted in close coordination and consultation with state and other federal agencies to determine the nature and level of hurricane protection and environmental restoration that lines of defense provide for coastal Mississippi. The definition of "lines of defense" in this context means ways of protecting coastal Mississippi from hurricane inundation. The intended approach was to investigate plans and designs that provide increased hurricane protection for the Mississippi Gulf Coast as well as avoid and minimize unintended consequences of taking such actions. This paper focuses on the development of state-of-the-art atmospheric and coastal ocean hydrodynamic analysis methods that were used to determine the hurricane storm surge hazard along the Gulf Coast. These methods were developed as part of the Joint Coastal Surge Analysis Study in which the United States Army Corps of Engineers and the Federal Emergency Management Agency defined a unified technical approach to determine 100-yr storm water surface elevations across the region. Although other lines of defense were evaluated, the purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of flood protection structures on storm surge for storms of varying intensities and changes to the 100-yr flood elevations with flood walls in place. Nearly 200 synthetic storms were selected for simulation of the existing conditions along the Mississippi coast. Surge levels produced from these simulations populated the Joint Probability Method with Optimal Sampling (JPM-OS) surge response space and stage frequency curves were developed for 80 locations. By examining the actual surge responses from the simulated storms at a given location, the rank (which can be converted to return period) of the surge produced by each storm at that location was determined from the stage frequency curve. In this way, the range of return periods simulated for existing conditions could be covered for with-project (line of defense) conditions by applying the modeling system to a small subset of storms that span the full range of return periods, thus providing an efficient means to evaluate the lines of defense. The goal of this paper is to present an application of the JPM-OS by demonstrating how the Mississippi coast responds to different storms with and without lines of defense in place and how the lines of defense change stage frequency curves. C1 [Cialone, Mary; Sleath, Alison; Wamsley, Ty; McAlpin, Tate] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Cialone, M (reprint author), Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4277-36-5 PY 2009 BP 999 EP 1011 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA BKN05 UT WOS:000268630700084 ER PT B AU Grzegorzewski, AS Cialone, M Lansen, AJ van Ledden, M Smith, J Wamsley, T AF Grzegorzewski, Alison Sleath Cialone, Mary Lansen, A. Joost van Ledden, Mathijs Smith, Jane Wamsley, Ty BE Smith, JM TI THE INFLUENCE OF BARRIER ISLANDS ON HURRICANE-GENERATED STORM SURGE AND WAVES IN LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI SO COASTAL ENGINEERING 2008, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Coastal Engineering CY AUG 31-SEP 05, 2008 CL Hamburg, GERMANY SP Hochtief Construct AG, Elastogran GmbH, Hamburg Port Author, Naue Gmbh & Co KG, Bremenports GmbH & Co KG, IMS Ingenieurgesell mbH, Inros Lackner AG, Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn Verlag Architektur & Tech Wissensch GmbH & Co KG, Enders & Duhrkop Ingenieurgesell mbH, Hafen Hamburg Marketing eV, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, Minist Agr, Envrionm & Rural Areas State Schleswig Holstein, German Port Technol Assoc, German Coastal Engn Res Council ID MODEL AB A sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the impact of bathymetric and frictional resistance changes on ADCIRC-simulated peak surge elevations and STWAVE-simulated waves. Natural landscape features such as barrier islands have the potential to create frictional and bathymetric resistance and affect storm surge and wave energy even when submerged. The purpose of this study is to qualitatively assess the impact of barrier island restoration and degradation on storm surge and wave energy in Southeast Louisiana and Mississippi for storms of varying intensities. The study area includes the Chandeleur Islands as well as Cat Island, Ship Island, and Horn Island. Results from this modeling study support the use of barrier islands as a first line of defense against hurricane impacts, and may be used to optimize sustainable coastal protection strategies. However, verification of these simulations for hurricane surge and associated waves requires field data of the nearshore wave conditions under such extreme conditions. Verification of the numerical model results is not possible at this time due to lack of field data. C1 [Grzegorzewski, Alison Sleath] USA, Corps Engineers, Hurricane Protect Off, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Grzegorzewski, AS (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Hurricane Protect Off, 7400 Leake Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4277-36-5 PY 2009 BP 1037 EP 1049 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA BKN05 UT WOS:000268630700087 ER PT B AU Smith, JM Wamsley, TV Cialone, MA Atkinson, J AF Smith, Jane McKee Wamsley, Ty V. Cialone, Mary A. Atkinson, John BE Smith, JM TI POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF SEA LEVEL RISE ON STORM SURGE AND WAVES IN SOUTHEAST LOUISIANA SO COASTAL ENGINEERING 2008, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Coastal Engineering CY AUG 31-SEP 05, 2008 CL Hamburg, GERMANY SP Hochtief Construct AG, Elastogran GmbH, Hamburg Port Author, Naue Gmbh & Co KG, Bremenports GmbH & Co KG, IMS Ingenieurgesell mbH, Inros Lackner AG, Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn Verlag Architektur & Tech Wissensch GmbH & Co KG, Enders & Duhrkop Ingenieurgesell mbH, Hafen Hamburg Marketing eV, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, Minist Agr, Environm & Rural Areas State Schleswig Holstein, German Port Technol Assoc, German Coastal Engn Res Council AB The potential impacts of sea rise on hurricane storm surge and waves in southeast Louisiana are evaluated based on nine simulated hurricanes that produce approximately 100-yr water levels. A suite of models is applied, including a planetary boundary layer wind model, the ADCIRC surge model, and the WAM and STWAVE wave models. Peak surge levels increase nearly linearly with sea level rise, but moderate surges can more than double (with increases of as much as 2.5 to 3.5 times the sea level rise). The areas experiencing the greatest response to sea level rise are those fronted by wetlands and/or backed by levees. Waves also increase with sea level rise, but the increases are less dramatic than the surge increases. C1 [Smith, Jane McKee; Wamsley, Ty V.; Cialone, Mary A.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Smith, JM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Hall Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4277-36-5 PY 2009 BP 1060 EP 1071 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA BKN05 UT WOS:000268630700089 ER PT B AU Johnson, BD Smith, JM AF Johnson, Bradley D. Smith, Jane M. BE Smith, JM TI A TWO-SCALE APPROACH TO NEARSHORE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MODELING SO COASTAL ENGINEERING 2008, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Coastal Engineering CY AUG 31-SEP 05, 2008 CL Hamburg, GERMANY SP Hochtief Construct AG, Elastogran GmbH, Hamburg Port Author, Naue Gmbh & Co KG, Bremenports GmbH & Co KG, IMS Ingenieurgesell mbH, Inros Lackner AG, Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn Verlag Architektur & Tech Wissensch GmbH & Co KG, Enders & Duhrkop Ingenieurgesell mbH, Hafen Hamburg Marketing eV, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, Minist Agr, Envrionm & Rural Areas State Schleswig Holstein, German Port Technol Assoc, German Coastal Engn Res Council ID SURF ZONE; TURBULENCE; SWASH AB Beach morphology models are all dependent on empirical devices, to a degree, either through a direct prediction of bottom position changes or by modeling sediment transport and concentration. The dependence on site-specific parameters for calibration limits the predictive capability of these models. The majority of morphology models rely on a solution of the time-averaged balances in the nearshore environment where important wave-related processes such as skewness and breaking generated turbulence are neglected or simplified. Alternative models focus on phase-dependent transport, which may correctly predict intra-wave processes but poorly represent the slow sediment advection due to undertow and longshore current. This effort focuses on mitigating these deficiencies with a one-dimensional nearshore morphology modeling system. The Boussinesq and phase-averaged circulation equations with transport are solved in sequence, and predictions of the wave-related closures provide a rational estimate of momentum and sediment flux in the circulation model. Laboratory measurements indicate the importance of the breaking process in sediment entrainment, and a simple turbulence balance is included in the phase-dependent computations. The predicted sediment concentration levels are shown to be influenced by surface breaking. Early results for application to a laboratory beach in equilibrium show a onshore flux associated with the breaking waves and an offshore transport due to the currents. The balance in transport is in reasonable agreement except in the region of the lower swash. C1 [Johnson, Bradley D.; Smith, Jane M.] USA, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Johnson, BD (reprint author), USA, ERDC, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Bradley.D.Johnson@erdc.usace.army.mil; Jane.M.Smith@erdc.usace.army.mil; Jane.M.Smith@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4277-36-5 PY 2009 BP 1671 EP 1683 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA BKN05 UT WOS:000268630700139 ER PT B AU Rosati, JD Kraus, NC AF Rosati, Julie Dean Kraus, Nicholas C. BE Smith, JM TI MODEL OF BARRIER ISLAND EVOLUTION AT DECADAL SCALE SO COASTAL ENGINEERING 2008, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Coastal Engineering CY AUG 31-SEP 05, 2008 CL Hamburg, GERMANY SP Hochtief Construct AG, Elastogran GmbH, Hamburg Port Author, Naue Gmbh & Co KG, Bremenports GmbH & Co KG, IMS Ingenieurgesell mbH, Inros Lackner AG, Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn Verlag Architektur & Tech Wissensch GmbH & Co KG, Enders & Duhrkop Ingenieurgesell mbH, Hafen Hamburg Marketing eV, German Fed Minist Educ & Res, Minist Agr, Envrionm & Rural Areas State Schleswig Holstein, German Port Technol Assoc, German Coastal Engn Res Council ID RIVER DELTA PLAIN AB A decadal-scale model is developed to represent evolution of barrier islands, inlets, and inlet deltas. Sensitivity tests of the model reproduce essential aspects of how barrier islands evolve depending on bay infilling Or expansion. The model is applied to the four-inlet system in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, USA, in which the bay is known to have increased in surface area over the past 120 years due to regional subsidence, increase in sea level, and wetland loss. The increase in bay surface area increased the tidal prism and cross-sectional area of the tidal passes, extended the ebb tidal deltas farther offshore, and increased the ebb tidal delta volumes, resulting in erosion of the barrier islands. Starting from conditions in the 1880s, the decadal-scale model reproduces changes in ebb delta volume, inlet cross-sectional area, and island volume in agreement with previous conclusions that Grand Terre Islands will disappear within the next 30 years. C1 [Rosati, Julie Dean] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Mobile, AL 36628 USA. RP Rosati, JD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 109 St Joseph St, Mobile, AL 36628 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE BN 978-981-4277-36-5 PY 2009 BP 2123 EP 2135 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA BKN05 UT WOS:000268630701017 ER PT J AU Forest, JJF AF Forest, James J. F. BE Dingley, J TI Combating Terrorism in Northern Ireland Conclusion SO COMBATING TERRORISM IN NORTHERN IRELAND SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Forest, James J. F.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Forest, James J. F.] Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY USA. RP Forest, JJF (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89087-5 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 280 EP 301 PG 22 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA BMK73 UT WOS:000272695200015 ER PT J AU Litzinger, T Colket, M Kahandawala, M Katta, V Lee, SY Liscinsky, D McNesby, K Pawlik, R Roquemore, M Santoro, R Sidhu, S Stouffer, S Wu, J AF Litzinger, T. Colket, M. Kahandawala, M. Katta, V. Lee, S. -Y. Liscinsky, D. McNesby, K. Pawlik, R. Roquemore, M. Santoro, R. Sidhu, S. Stouffer, S. Wu, J. TI Fuel Additive Effects on Soot across a Suite of Laboratory Devices, Part 1: Ethanol SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; PAH; Soot ID CHEMICAL KINETIC-MODEL; FLAMES; HYDROCARBONS AB The impact of a variety of non-metallic fuel additives on soot was investigated in a collaborative university, industry and government effort. The main objective of this program was to obtain fundamental understanding of the mechanisms through which blending compounds into a fuel affects soot emissions. The research team used a suite of laboratory devices that included a shock tube, a well-stirred reactor, a premixed flat flame, an opposed-jet diffusion flame, and a high pressure turbulent reactor. The work reported here focuses on the effects of ethanol addition to ethylene on soot. The addition of ethanol led to substantial reductions in soot in all of the devices except for the opposed-jet diffusion flame. Modeling of the premixed flame and opposed-jet diffusion flame was used to obtain insights into the mechanism behind the opposing effects of ethanol addition in these two flames. C1 [Litzinger, T.; Lee, S. -Y.; Santoro, R.; Wu, J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Colket, M.; Liscinsky, D.] United Technol Res Ctr, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA. [Kahandawala, M.; Sidhu, S.] Univ Dayton, Dept Mech Engn, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Katta, V.] Innovat Sci Solut Inc, Dayton, OH USA. [McNesby, K.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. [Pawlik, R.; Roquemore, M.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Stouffer, S.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Litzinger, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM tal2@psu.edu FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [PP1179] FX The authors acknowledge the financial support for this work provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), Project PP1179, under the direction of Dr. Charles Pellerin. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 181 IS 2 BP 310 EP 328 AR PII 908221431 DI 10.1080/00102200802437445 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 400HR UT WOS:000262859100007 ER PT B AU Query, P AF Query, Patrick BE Chinitz, DE TI "The pleasures of higher vices": Sexuality in Eliot's Work SO COMPANION TO T. S. ELIOT SE Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture LA English DT Article; Book Chapter RP Query, P (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-4443-1574-5; 978-1-4051-6237-1 J9 BLACKWELL COMPAN LIT PY 2009 BP 350 EP 362 D2 10.1002/9781444315738 PG 13 WC Literary Theory & Criticism; Literature, British Isles; Poetry SC Literature GA BA6FU UT WOS:000337130000030 ER PT J AU Brown, AS Hardiman, DF AF Brown, Aaron S. Hardiman, David F. TI Applications of nonlinear estimation techniques SO COMPEL-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR COMPUTATION AND MATHEMATICS IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Simulation; Programming and algorithmic theory; Estimation AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis on using two non-conventional nonlinear estimating filters compared to the traditional linearized extended Kalman filter (EKF). This analysis will look at two state-of-the-art applications and will provide insight to the problems associated with these applications. Design/methodology/approach - The approach taken was to simulate both applications with three different filter designs: EKF, unscented Kalman filter, and particle filter. After results and explanations are given for both applications, then there is a comparison of results between the two applications to compare and contrast their findings. Findings - This research shows how critical it is when selecting a filter for different applications. Not only is timing the filter properly a necessity, but choosing a filter that is optimum for the application also greatly affects the accuracy and precision of the results. Research limitations/implications - As these filter methods are proven feasible for these applications, testing can move beyond simulation. Further research could compare other nonlinear filters to these results to determine if a better estimation technique exists. Practical implications - This paper shows a lot of the issues one must face when choosing an estimation technique for their application as well as the impact the technique can have on the outcome. Originality/value - This paper clearly describes the decision-making criteria in regards to these two specific applications. These two applications are current technological problems that many are trying to solve. This paper shows where and why errors in Calculations occur. It also offers insight into different ways to solve these problems when the specific application is taken into account. C1 [Brown, Aaron S.; Hardiman, David F.] USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. RP Brown, AS (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. EM aaron.brown4@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0332-1649 J9 COMPEL JI Compel-Int. J. Comp. Math. Electr. Electron. Eng. PY 2009 VL 28 IS 2 BP 286 EP 303 DI 10.1108/03321640910929227 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics GA 440QC UT WOS:000265713800003 ER PT J AU Starke, JA AF Starke, Jeffrey A. BE Preedy, VR Burrow, GN Watson, RR TI Application of Iodine Water Purification Tablets: Iodine's Efficacy against Cryptosporidium parvum SO COMPREHENSIVE HANDBOOK OF IODINE: NUTRITIONAL, BIOCHEMICAL, PATHOLOGICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID OOCYSTS AB Iodine has been used since the early 1800s in the treatment of water. Several different forms of iodine have been used, from Lugol's solution to globaline tablets to impregnated filters and resins. The use of iodine as a disinfection agent has been widespread; it has been proliferated for uses in austere environments by military soldiers, travelers, victims of emergency conditions (such as posthurricane disasters), and adventure enthusiasts (such as high-altitude hikers) who do not have access to readily potable water supplies. Like all other chemicals used as water disinfectants, the addition of iodine will not physically remove any contaminant of concern. However, it has been reported to be efficient against Giardia lamblia (Powers, 1991), with limited success against more resistant microbial pathogens such as Cryptosporidium parvum, a protozoan resistant to chemical disinfection (Starke et al., 2005). C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Starke, JA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-092086-3 PY 2009 BP 135 EP 138 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374135-6.00014-5 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BCR55 UT WOS:000311104900015 ER PT S AU Tracy, FT AF Tracy, Fred T. BE Allen, G Nabrzyski, J Seidel, E Dongarra, J VanAlbada, GD Sloot, PMA TI Testing Line Search Techniques for Finite Element Discretizations for Unsaturated Flow SO COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE - ICCS 2009, PART I SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Computational Science CY MAY 25-27, 2009 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Louisiana Univ, Ctr Computat & Technol, Univ Amsterdam, Univ Tennessee AB Unsaturated flow in porous media, is often modeled using the finite element (FE) method. When employing an implicit version of the computational equations resulting from the FE, discretization, a nonlinear system of equations is generated that, must then be solved by techniques such as Newton's method. This paper reveals results of the effectiveness of three line search techniques when employed within the framework of the approximate Newton method. The methods of a bisection line search, a quadratic variation of the norm of the residual line search, and a relaxation technique are considered, all in the context of a parallel computing environment. C1 Erdc, Informat Technol Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Tracy, FT (reprint author), Erdc, Informat Technol Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Fred.T.Tracy@usace.army.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-01969-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2009 VL 5544 BP 473 EP 480 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BKB40 UT WOS:000267676600046 ER PT S AU Nguyen, HV Cheng, JRC Maier, RS AF Nguyen, Hung V. Cheng, Jing-Ru C. Maier, Robert S. BE Allen, G Nabrzyski, J Seidel, E Dongarra, J VanAlbada, GD Sloot, PMA TI Study of Parallel Linear Solvers for Three-Dimensional Subsurface Flow Problems SO COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE - ICCS 2009, PART I SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Computational Science CY MAY 25-27, 2009 CL Baton Rouge, LA SP Louisiana Univ, Ctr Computat & Technol, Univ Amsterdam, Univ Tennessee DE Sparse parallel solvers; iterative solvers; PETSc; Hypre; finite element AB The performance of an iterative method for solving a system of linear equations depends on the Structure of the system to be solved and on the choice of iterative solvers in combination with preconditioners. In this paper, the performance of it specified set of linear solvers and preconditioners provided by PETSc and Hypre is evaluated based on three data sets from Subsurface finite element flow models. The results show that simple preconditioners are robust but do not enable convergence behavior that scales with problem size. They also show that it is important to choose an appropriate type of solver for different kind of simulations. C1 [Nguyen, Hung V.; Cheng, Jing-Ru C.; Maier, Robert S.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Major Shared Resource Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Nguyen, HV (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Major Shared Resource Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Hung.V.Nguyen@usace.army.mil; Ruth.C.Cheng@usace.army.mil; Robert.S.Maier@usace.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-01969-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2009 VL 5544 BP 785 EP 794 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BKB40 UT WOS:000267676600078 ER PT J AU Lavery, JE AF Lavery, John E. TI Shape-preserving univariate cubic and higher-degree L-1 splines with function-value-based and multistep minimization principles SO COMPUTER AIDED GEOMETRIC DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Cubic; Higher-degree; Interpolation; Irregular data; L-1; L-2; Quintic; Seventh-degree; Shape preservation; Spline; Univariate ID MULTISCALE INTERPOLATION; BIVARIATE AB We investigate univariate C-2 quintic L-1 splines and C-3 seventh-degree L-1 splines and revisit C-1 cubic L-1 splines. We first investigate these L-1 splines when they are calculated by minimizing integrals of absolute values of expressions involving various levels of derivatives from zeroth derivatives (function values) to fourth derivatives and compare these L-1 splines with conventional "L-2 splines" calculated by minimizing analogous integrals involving squares of such expressions. The L-2 splines do not preserve the shape of irregular data well. The quintic and seventh-degree L-1 splines also do not preserve shape well, although they do so better than quintic and seventh-degree L-2 splines. Consistent with previously known results, the cubic L-1 splines do preserve shape well. For both L-1 and L-2 splines, the lower the level of the derivative in the minimization principle, the better the shape preservation is, Function-value-based cubic L-1 splines preserve shape well for all situations tested except the one in which an "S-curve" occurs when a flatter representation might be expected. A multi-step procedure for calculating the coefficients of quintic and seventh-degree L-1 splines is proposed. As a basis for this procedure, the function-value-based cubic L-1 spline is calculated. The quintic L-1 spline is Calculated by fixing the first derivatives at the nodes to be those of the cubic L-1 spline and calculating the second derivatives at the nodes by minimizing a second-derivative-based quintic L-1 spline functional. The seventh-degree L-1 spline is calculated by fixing the first and second derivatives at the nodes to be those of the quintic L-1 spline and calculating the third derivatives at the nodes by minimizing a second-derivative-based seventh-degree L-1 spline functional. Computational results indicate that C-2 quintic L-1 splines and C-3 seventh-degree L-1 splines calculated in this manner preserve shape well for all situations tested except one in which an "S-curve" occurs when a flatter representation might be expected. To ensure that the parameters of Cubic and higher-degree L-1 splines depend continuously on the positions of the data. weights that depend on the local interval length need to be used in the integrals in the minimization principles of these splines. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Div Math, Res Off, Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Lavery, JE (reprint author), USA, Div Math, Res Off, Res Lab, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM john.lavery2@us.army.mil NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8396 J9 COMPUT AIDED GEOM D JI Comput. Aided Geom. Des. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.cagd.2008.01.004 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 391SI UT WOS:000262252800001 ER PT J AU Hairston, WD Maldjian, JA AF Hairston, W. David Maldjian, Joseph A. TI An adaptive staircase procedure for the E-Prime programming environment SO COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE E-Prime; Psychophysics; Methods; Staircase; Adaptive ID FIXED STEP SIZES; INTEGRATION AB Many studies need to determine a subject's threshold for a given task. This can be achieved efficiently using an adaptive staircase procedure. While the logic and algorithms for staircases have been well established, the few pre-programmed routines currently available to researchers require at least moderate programming experience to integrate into new paradigms and experimental settings. Here, we describe a freely distributed routine developed for the E-Prime programming environment that can be easily integrated into any experimental protocol with only a basic understanding of E-Prime. An example experiment (visual temporal-order-judgment task) where subjects report the order of occurrence of two circles illustrates the behavior and consistency of the routine. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hairston, W. David] USA, Res Lab, VAP HRED, Auditory Res Team,Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Hairston, W. David; Maldjian, Joseph A.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Radiol, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Hairston, WD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, VAP HRED, Auditory Res Team,Human Res & Engn Directorate, B 520, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM dhair@wfubmc.edu OI Hairston, W. David/0000-0003-4432-8430 FU National Institutes of Health NIBIB [EB004673] FX Funding for the study was provided in part from the National Institutes of Health NIBIB grant EB004673 in conjunction with the Human Brain Project. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0169-2607 J9 COMPUT METH PROG BIO JI Comput. Meth. Programs Biomed. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 104 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.cmpb.2008.08.003 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics GA 405HQ UT WOS:000263214200010 PM 18838189 ER PT B AU Grau, LW AF Grau, Lester W. BE Rubin, B TI The Soviet-Afghan war A superpower mired in the mountains SO CONFLICT AND INSURGENCY IN THE CONTEMPORARY MIDDLE EAST SE Middle Eastern Military Studies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Grau, Lester W.] Foreign Mil Studies Off, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. [Grau, Lester W.] USA, Washington, DC USA. RP Grau, LW (reprint author), Foreign Mil Studies Off, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-88187-3 J9 MIDDLE E MIL STUD PY 2009 BP 187 EP 208 D2 10.4324/9780203881873 PG 22 WC Area Studies; International Relations; Political Science SC Area Studies; International Relations; Government & Law GA BNP13 UT WOS:000275168200010 ER PT J AU Chung, KK Lundy, JB Matson, JR Renz, EM White, CE King, BT Barillo, DJ Jones, JA Cancio, LC Blackbourne, LH Wolf, SE AF Chung, Kevin K. Lundy, Jonathan B. Matson, James R. Renz, Evan M. White, Christopher E. King, Booker T. Barillo, David J. Jones, John A. Cancio, Leopoldo C. Blackbourne, Lorne H. Wolf, Steven E. TI Continuous venovenous hemofiltration in severely burned patients with acute kidney injury: a cohort study SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; SEPTIC SHOCK; HEMODIAFILTRATION; MULTICENTER; DYSFUNCTION; SURVIVAL; OUTCOMES AB Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and devastating complication in critically ill burn patients with mortality reported to be between 80 and 100%. We aimed to determine the effect on mortality of early application of continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) in severely burned patients with AKI admitted to our burn intensive care unit (BICU). Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study comparing a population of patients managed with early and aggressive CVVH compared with historical controls managed conservatively before the availability of CVVH. Patients with total body surface area (TBSA) burns of more than 40% and AKI were treated with early CVVH and their outcomes compared with a group of historical controls. Results Overall, the 28-day mortality was significantly lower in the CVVH arm (n = 29) compared with controls (n = 28) (38% vs. 71%, P = 0.011) as was the in-hospital mortality (62% vs. 86%, P = 0.04). In a subgroup of patients in shock, a dramatic reduction in the pressor requirement was seen after 24 and 48 hours of treatment. Compared with controls (n = 19), significantly fewer patients in the CVVH group (n = 21) required vasopressors at 24 hours (100% vs 43%, P < 0.0001) and at 48 hours (94% vs 24%, P < 0.0001). In those with acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), there was a significant increase from baseline in the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO(2)) to fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO(2)) ratio at 24 hours in the CVVH group (n = 16, 174 +/- 78 to 327 +/- 122, P = 0.003) but not the control group (n = 20, 186 +/- 64 to 207 +/- 131, P = 0.98). Conclusions The application of CVVH in adult patients with severe burns and AKI was associated with a decrease in 28-day and hospital mortality when compared with a historical control group, which largely did not receive any form of renal replacement. Clinical improvements were realized in the subgroups of patients with shock and ALI/ARDS. A randomized controlled trial comparing early CVVH to standard care in this high-risk population is planned. C1 [Chung, Kevin K.; Lundy, Jonathan B.; Renz, Evan M.; White, Christopher E.; King, Booker T.; Barillo, David J.; Jones, John A.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Blackbourne, Lorne H.; Wolf, Steven E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Matson, James R.] Pediat Acute Care Associates N Texas, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. [Wolf, Steven E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Chung, KK (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kevin.chung@us.army.mil OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 25 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PY 2009 VL 13 IS 3 AR R62 DI 10.1186/cc7801 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 487XN UT WOS:000269311700001 PM 19409089 ER PT J AU Spinella, PC Carroll, CL Staff, I Gross, R Mc Quay, J Keibel, L Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Spinella, Philip C. Carroll, Christopher L. Staff, Ilene Gross, Ronald Mc Quay, Jacqueline Keibel, Lauren Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI Duration of red blood cell storage is associated with increased incidence of deep vein thrombosis and in hospital mortality in patients with traumatic injuries SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID RECEIVING MASSIVE TRANSFUSIONS; BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; CRITICALLY-ILL; INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR; UNIVERSAL LEUKOREDUCTION; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; TISSUE OXYGENATION; SPLENIC INJURIES; CARDIAC-SURGERY; OLD BLOOD AB Introduction In critically ill patients the relationship between the storage age of red blood cells (RBCs) transfused and outcomes are controversial. To determine if duration of RBC storage is associated with adverse outcomes we studied critically ill trauma patients requiring transfusion. Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients with traumatic injuries transfused >= 5 RBC units. Patients transfused >= 1 unit of RBCs with a maximum storage age of up to 27 days were compared with those transfused 1 or more RBC units with a maximum storage age of >= 28 days. These study groups were also matched by RBC amount (+/- 1 unit) transfused. Primary outcomes were deep vein thrombosis and in-hospital mortality. Results Two hundred and two patients were studied with 101 in both decreased and increased RBC age groups. No differences in admission vital signs, laboratory values, use of DVT prophylaxis, blood products or Injury Severity Scores were measured between study groups. In the decreased compared with increased RBC storage age groups, deep vein thrombosis occurred in 16.7% vs 34.5%, (P = 0.006), and mortality was 13.9% vs 26.7%, (P = 0.02), respectively. Patients transfused RBCs of increased storage age had an independent association with mortality, OR (95% CI), 4.0 (1.34 - 11.61), (P = 0.01), and had an increased incidence of death from multi-organ failure compared with the decreased RBC age group, 16% vs 7%, respectively, (P = 0.037). Conclusions In trauma patients transfused >= 5 units of RBCs, transfusion of RBCs >= 28 days of storage may be associated with deep vein thrombosis and death from multi-organ failure. C1 [Spinella, Philip C.; Carroll, Christopher L.; Keibel, Lauren] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. [Spinella, Philip C.; Wade, Charles E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Dept Combat Casualty Care Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Staff, Ilene] Hartford Hosp, Dept Res, Hartford, CT 06102 USA. [Gross, Ronald; Mc Quay, Jacqueline] Hartford Hosp, Dept Surg & Emergency Med, Hartford, CT 06102 USA. [Holcomb, John B.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Acute Care Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Spinella, PC (reprint author), Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 282 Washington St, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. EM phil_spinella@yahoo.com FU Department of Research, Hartford Hospital FX This study was funded by a grant from the Department of Research, Hartford Hospital. NR 51 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PY 2009 VL 13 IS 5 AR R151 DI 10.1186/cc8050 PG 11 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 525OO UT WOS:000272226000010 PM 19772604 ER PT J AU Soller, BR Yang, Y Soyemi, OO Heard, SO Ryan, KL Rickards, CA Convertino, VA Cooke, WH Crookes, BA AF Soller, Babs R. Yang, Ye Soyemi, Olusola O. Heard, Stephen O. Ryan, Kathy L. Rickards, Caroline A. Convertino, Victor A. Cooke, William H. Crookes, Bruce A. TI Near infrared spectroscopy The authors reply SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID TISSUE C1 [Soller, Babs R.; Yang, Ye; Soyemi, Olusola O.; Heard, Stephen O.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Worcester, MA USA. [Ryan, Kathy L.; Rickards, Caroline A.; Convertino, Victor A.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Cooke, William H.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Crookes, Bruce A.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Div Trauma Burns & Crit Care, Burlington, VT USA. RP Soller, BR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Worcester, MA USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 37 IS 1 BP 385 EP 385 DI 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181932d1b PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 391YK UT WOS:000262269900091 ER PT J AU Domine, F Taillandier, AS Cabanes, A Douglas, TA Sturm, M AF Domine, F. Taillandier, A. -S. Cabanes, A. Douglas, T. A. Sturm, M. TI Three examples where the specific surface area of snow increased over time SO CRYOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID ALERT 2000 CAMPAIGN; SUB-ARCTIC SNOW; MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK; FACETED CRYSTALS; DRY DEPOSITION; GRAIN-GROWTH; SEA-SALT; ICE; EVOLUTION; SCATTERING AB Snow on the ground impacts climate through its high albedo and affects atmospheric composition through its ability to adsorb chemical compounds. The quantification of these effects requires the knowledge of the specific surface area (SSA) of snow and its rate of change. All relevant studies indicate that snow SSA decreases over time. Here, we report for the first time three cases where the SSA of snow increased over time. These are (1) the transformation of a melt- freeze crust into depth hoar, producing an increase in SSA from 3.4 to 8.8 m(2) kg(-1). (2) The mobilization of surface snow by wind, which reduced the size of snow crystals by sublimation and fragmented them. This formed a surface snow layer with a SSA of 61 m(2) kg(-1) from layers whose SSAs were originally 42 and 50 m(2) kg(-1). (3) The sieving of blowing snow by a snow layer, which allowed the smallest crystals to penetrate into open spaces in the snow, leading to an SSA increase from 32 to 61 m(2) kg(-1). We discuss that other mechanisms for SSA increase are possible. Overall, SSA increases are probably not rare. They lead to enhanced uptake of chemical compounds and to increases in snow albedo, and their inclusion in relevant chemical and climate models deserves consideration. C1 [Domine, F.; Taillandier, A. -S.; Cabanes, A.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. [Douglas, T. A.; Sturm, M.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. RP Domine, F (reprint author), Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, BP 96, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. EM florent@lgge.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr RI Domine, Florent/E-8699-2011 FU French Polar Institute (IPEV) FX The work in Alaska was partially supported by Chapman Chair funds, kindly supplied by Norbert Untersteiner. AST and FD thank the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, and W. R. Simpson for hosting them during this work. We thank Bill Hauer for proposing the LARS site for the Alaska study, and Hajo Eicken for the use of the cold rooms. The work at Alert was supported by a grant from the French Polar Institute (IPEV) to FD (MICHARC program). Jan Bottenheim and Peter Brickell provided logistical and technical assistance at Alert. We thank Yves Lejeune and colleagues at Centre d'Etude de la Neige - Meteo France for access to their site at Col de Porte and for communicating their meteorological data. We thank Charlie Zender for helpful discussions on snow albedo. The albedo calculations using DISORT were kindly done by Jean-Charles Gallet. NR 55 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1994-0416 EI 1994-0424 J9 CRYOSPHERE JI Cryosphere PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 31 EP 39 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 576QM UT WOS:000276161100004 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BE Gallagher, J Patterson, ED TI Waging Trans-epistemological Warfare SO DEBATING THE WAR OF IDEAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Ctr Transportat Secur, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-23010-198-2 PY 2009 BP 195 EP 207 D2 10.1057/9780230101982 PG 13 WC Political Science; Religion SC Government & Law; Religion GA BSK93 UT WOS:000284760700015 ER PT J AU Henderson, JP Grissino-Mayer, HD AF Henderson, Joseph P. Grissino-Mayer, Henri D. TI Climate-tree growth relationships of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) in the Southeastern Coastal Plain, USA SO DENDROCHRONOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Dendrochronology; Longleaf pine; Southeastern Coastal Plain; Climate-growth relationships ID UNITED-STATES; GRADIENT; FOREST; RECONSTRUCTION; VEGETATION; RAINFALL; FLORIDA AB Knowledge of tree growth/climate response relationships is important to dendroecological studies and dendroclimatic reconstructions, particularly ill the Southeastern Coastal Plain where few such studies have been attempted. To this end, we developed tree-ring chronologies of total ring width, earlywood width, and latewood width from longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) at three sites in the Southeastern Coastal Plain to examine the climate-growth relationships for this tree species. The length of these chronologies is unprecedented for southern pine chronologies ill the Southeast. We compared the tree-ring chronologies to monthly temperature, Precipitation, Palmer drought severity index (PDSI), and Palmer hydrological drought index (PHDI) data from the pertinent climate divisions. We found that PDSI and PHDI have the highest correlation with longleaf pine growth, and the strongest relationships between longleaf pine growth and these variables occur between July and November. Precipitation in the spring and summer was also positively related to growth at all sites. The relationship between temperature and growth was the weakest among all climate variables, but warm summer temperatures had a consistent, negative relationship with longleaf pine growth. The climate signal ill the latewood was generally more robust than for total ring width and earlywood width. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Henderson, Joseph P.; Grissino-Mayer, Henri D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Geog, Lab Tree Ring Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Henderson, JP (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Washington Hall,745B Brewerton Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM bj5863@usma.edu OI Grissino-Mayer, Henri/0000-0003-1088-2927 FU Department of Geography at the University of Tennessee; Natural Resources Branch at Eglin Air Force Base; Nature Conservancy FX This project was partially funded by the Stewart K. McCroskey Memorial Fund of the Department of Geography at the University of Tennessee. We are particularly Indebted to Dr. Jeff Glitzenstein who assisted in field data collection and site selection. We thank Steve Siebert and Scott Hassell of the Natural Resources Branch at Eglin Air Force Base For their assistance in logistical support. We acknowledge the assistance of Mike Leslie and Furman Long of the Nature Conservancy For their assistance with logistical support, site selection, and field data collection at Sandy Island, South Carolina. Finally, we are deeply indebted to Tim Green for assisting in the laboratory analysis and with the measurements of thousands of earlywood and latewood widths. NR 51 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1125-7865 J9 DENDROCHRONOLOGIA JI Dendrochronologia PY 2009 VL 27 IS 1 BP 31 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.dendro.2008.08.001 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Physical Geography GA 440BN UT WOS:000265673100006 ER PT B AU Kim, JH Xiang, YJ Bhatt, R Yang, JZ Chung, HJ Patrick, A Arora, JS Abdel-Malek, K AF Kim, Joo H. Xiang, Yujiang Bhatt, Rajankumar Yang, Jingzhou Chung, Hyun-Joon Patrick, Amos Arora, Jasbir S. Abdel-Malek, Karim GP ASME TI EFFICIENT ZMP FORMULATION AND EFFECTIVE WHOLE-BODY MOTION GENERATION FOR A HUMAN-LIKE MECHANISM SO DETC 2008: 32ND ANNUAL MECHANISMS AND ROBOTICS CONFERENCE, VOL. 2, PTS A & B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd Annual Mechanisms and Robotics Conference CY AUG 03-06, 2008 CL New York, NY SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div DE motion generation; Lagrangian dynamics; optimization; Zero-Moment Point; human-like mechanism ID DYNAMICS; BALANCE; ROBOTS; POINT AB An approach of generating dynamic biped motions of a human-like mechanism is proposed. An alternative and efficient formulation of the Zero-Moment Point for dynamic balance and the approximated ground reaction forces/moments are derived from the resultant reaction loads, which includes the gravity, the externally applied loads, and the inertia. The optimization problem is formulated to address the redundancy of the human task, where the general biped and task-specific constraints are imposed depending on the task requirements. The proposed method is fully predictive and generates physically feasible human-like motions from scratch; it does not require any input reference from motion capture or animation. The resulting generated motions demonstrate how a human-like mechanism reacts effectively to different external load conditions in performing a given task by showing realistic features of cause and effect. In addition, the energy-optimality of the upright standing posture is numerically verified among infinite feasible static biped postures without self contact. The proposed formulation is beneficial to motion planning, control, and physics-based simulation of humanoids and human models. C1 [Kim, Joo H.; Xiang, Yujiang; Bhatt, Rajankumar; Yang, Jingzhou; Chung, Hyun-Joon; Patrick, Amos; Arora, Jasbir S.; Abdel-Malek, Karim] Univ Iowa, USA, Virtual Soldier Res Program, Ctr Comp Aided Design, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Univ Iowa, USA, Virtual Soldier Res Program, Ctr Comp Aided Design, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM jookim@engineering.uiowa.edu; yujxiang@engineering.uiowa.edu; rmbhatt@engineering.uiowa.edu; jyang@engineering.uiowa.edu; hjchung@engineering.uiowa.edu; apatrick@engineering.uiowa.edu; jsarora@engineering.uiowa.edu; amalek@engineering.uiowa.edu RI Yang, James/G-9801-2012; Kim, Joo/I-9517-2012 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4326-0 PY 2009 BP 1073 EP 1084 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Robotics SC Engineering; Robotics GA BIZ34 UT WOS:000263946200117 ER PT J AU Shadrick, SB Lussier, JW AF Shadrick, Scott B. Lussier, James W. BE Ericsson, KA TI Training Complex Cognitive Skills: A Theme-Based Approach to the Development of Battlefield Skills SO DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL EXPERTISE: TOWARD MEASUREMENT OF EXPERT PERFORMANCE AND DESIGN OF OPTIMAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONFIRMATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS; CONSTRUCT-VALIDITY; PERFORMANCE C1 [Shadrick, Scott B.; Lussier, James W.] USA, Res Inst, Ft Knox Res Unit, Ft Knox, KY USA. RP Shadrick, SB (reprint author), USA, Res Inst, Ft Knox Res Unit, Ft Knox, KY USA. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-51846-8 PY 2009 BP 286 EP 311 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511609817.016 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511609817 PG 26 WC Psychology, Applied SC Psychology GA BBL53 UT WOS:000307283800013 ER PT J AU Sporner, ML Fitzgerald, SG Dicianno, BE Collins, D Teodorski, E Pasquina, PF Cooper, RA AF Sporner, Michelle L. Fitzgerald, Shirley G. Dicianno, Brad E. Collins, Diane Teodorski, Emily Pasquina, Paul F. Cooper, Rory A. TI Psychosocial impact of participation in the National Veterans Wheelchair Games and Winter Sports Clinic SO DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE Exercise; sports; wheelchairs; activities of daily living; quality of life ID SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MENTAL-HEALTH; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; EXERCISE; PREVENTION; DEPRESSION; DEPLOYMENT; MOOD; IRAQ AB Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of individuals who participate in the National Veterans Wheelchair Games (NVWG) and the Winter Sports Clinic (WSC) for veterans with disabilities. In addition, it was of interest to determine how these events had impacted their lives. Method. Participants were recruited at the 20th Winter Sports Clinic, held in Snowmass Colorado and the 26th National Veterans Wheelchair Games held in Anchorage, Alaska. Data of interest included demographic, sport participation information, community integration, self-esteem, and quality of life. A secondary data analysis was completed to determine how comparable individuals who attended the NVWG/WSC were to individuals who did not participate in these events. Results. The 132 participants were a mean age of 47.4 + 13.4 and lived with a disability for an average of 13.4 + 12.1. Participants felt that the NVWG/WSC increased their knowledge of sports equipment (92%), learning sports (89%), mobility skills (84%), and acceptance of disability (84%). The majority of participants stated that the NVWG/WSC improved their life. Of those who participated at the NVWG/WSC, they tended to be more mobile, but have increased physical and cognitive limitations as measured by the CHART when compared to the non-attendees. Conclusions. Recommending veterans participate in events such as the NVWG and WSC can provide psychosocial benefits to veterans with disabilities. C1 [Sporner, Michelle L.; Collins, Diane] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Fitzgerald, Shirley G.] James Haley Tampa VA, Patient Safety Ctr, Tampa, FL USA. [Dicianno, Brad E.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Teodorski, Emily] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Pasquina, Paul F.] Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Cooper, Rory A.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Sporner, Michelle L.; Dicianno, Brad E.; Collins, Diane; Teodorski, Emily; Cooper, Rory A.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Sporner, Michelle L.; Collins, Diane; Cooper, Rory A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Fitzgerald, Shirley G.] James A Haley Tampa VA, Patient Safety Ctr, Tampa, FL USA. [Dicianno, Brad E.; Cooper, Rory A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Pasquina, Paul F.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Fitzgerald, SG (reprint author), Patient Safety Ctr Inquiry, 11605 N Nebraska Ave, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM Shirley.Fitzgerald@va.gov OI Dicianno, Brad/0000-0003-0738-0192 FU VA Center of Excellence, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System; The Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center [06053001]; HSRRB [A-13839]; Center of Excellence for Wheelchairs and Associated Rehabilitation Engineering [VA B3142C] FX This project was completed solely at the VA Center of Excellence, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System. This study was supported by The Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center under Proposal Number 06053001, HSRRB Log Number A-13839 and Center of Excellence for Wheelchairs and Associated Rehabilitation Engineering (VA B3142C). NR 36 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 29 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0963-8288 J9 DISABIL REHABIL JI Disabil. Rehabil. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 5 BP 410 EP 418 AR PII 792789939 DI 10.1080/09638280802030923 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 417SM UT WOS:000264098200009 PM 18608391 ER PT J AU Bassett, J Maydonovitch, C Perry, J Sobin, L Osgard, E Wong, R AF Bassett, J. Maydonovitch, C. Perry, J. Sobin, L. Osgard, E. Wong, R. TI Prevalence of esophageal dysmotility in a cohort of patients with esophageal biopsies consistent with eosinophilic esophagitis SO DISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS LA English DT Article DE dysphagia; eosinophilic esophagitis; esophageal dysmotility; esophageal manometry ID CORRUGATED RINGED ESOPHAGUS; MANOMETRIC FINDINGS; ADULTS; DYSPHAGIA; FEATURES; CHILDREN; SERIES AB Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is increasingly being diagnosed in adults presenting with dysphagia, food impactions, and chest pain. Studies to date provide conflicting data on the association of EoE and esophageal dysmotility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of esophageal dysmotility in a cohort of patients with biopsies consistent with EoE at a military treatment facility. This is a prospective evaluation of consecutively identified patients at our institution diagnosed with EoE from March 1, 2005 to June 1, 2007. Thirty-two patients with biopsies consistent with EoE completed a symptom survey and 30 underwent esophageal manometry. The majority of EoE patients (23/30, 77%) had a normal end-expiratory lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure (normal range 10-35), whereas six patients had a low-normal LES pressure (6-9 mm Hg) and one patient had a decreased LES pressure (< 5 mm Hg). Five patients (15.6%) were diagnosed with a nonspecific esophageal motor disorder (NSEMD). Two patients had high mean esophageal amplitude contractions > 180 mm Hg (188 mm Hg, 209 mm Hg). No patient was diagnosed with nutcracker esophagus or diffuse esophageal spasm. Patients with and without NSEMD reported a similar degree of swallowing difficulty, heartburn, belching, chest pain, regurgitation, symptoms at night, and total symptom score. Likewise, eosinophil count on mucosal biopsy was similar between patients with and without a NSEMD. In this cohort, we found the prevalence of an NSEMD to be similar to that of a 10% prevalence found in a gastroesophageal reflux population. C1 [Bassett, J.] Naval Hosp Jacksonville, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Gastroenterol, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. [Maydonovitch, C.; Perry, J.; Osgard, E.; Wong, R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Sobin, L.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Hepat & Gastrointestinal Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Bassett, J (reprint author), Naval Hosp Jacksonville, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Gastroenterol, 2080 Child St, Jacksonville, FL 32214 USA. EM john.bassett@med.navy.mil NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1120-8694 J9 DIS ESOPHAGUS JI Dis. Esophagus PY 2009 VL 22 IS 6 BP 543 EP 548 DI 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.00949.x PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 484OU UT WOS:000269056600013 PM 19302212 ER PT B AU Tsantinis, N Song, JW Paulson, R AF Tsantinis, N. Song, J. W. Paulson, R. GP EDPS TI Effect of projectile type and impact velocity on the ballistic impact failure of TROGAMID (R) CX-7323 Nylon: Experiment and simulation SO DYMAT 2009: 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL BEHAVIOUR OF MATERIALS UNDER DYNAMIC LOADING, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamic Loading CY SEP 07-11, 2009 CL Royal Mil Acad, Brussels, BELGIUM HO Royal Mil Acad ID MM DIAMETER PROJECTILES; THICK STEEL PLATES; PERFORATION; FLAT AB The effect of projectile shapes on the ballistic impact failure of TROGAMID CX-7323 (CX) was examined. It was found that the failure behavior of CX changed with differing nose shapes of the impacting projectile. Conical, hemispherical and chisel-nosed projectiles generally showed ductile failure. As the projected area of the projectile increased, the material's ballistic performance was noticed to decrease. Although currently inconclusive, impact with right circular cylinder(s) (RCC) frequently caused brittle fracture in impacted samples. C1 [Tsantinis, N.; Song, J. W.] USA, Natick Soldier RD&E Ctr Natick, Natick, MA USA. RP Tsantinis, N (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier RD&E Ctr Natick, Natick, MA USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE BN 978-2-7598-0472-6 PY 2009 BP 463 EP 469 DI 10.1051/dymat/2009066 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA BMO55 UT WOS:000273127300065 ER PT J AU Read, JA Behl, WK AF Read, Jeffrey A. Behl, Wishvender K. TI Mechanochemical Synthesis of Carbon Fluorides SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE bonds (chemical); carbon compounds; electrochemistry; infrared spectra; materials preparation; milling; powders; thermal analysis; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectra ID GRAPHITE FLUORIDES; INTERCALATION COMPOUNDS; NANOCOMPOSITES; MONOFLUORIDE; CXF AB Synthesis of electrochemically active carbon fluorides was achieved through the high-energy milling of graphite or carbon black with CoF(3) at room temperature. The carbon fluorides were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, IR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results for the carbon fluoride powder prepared from graphite are reported here. This material, with the formula C(1.6)F, appears to have both semi-ionic and covalent CF bonds and demonstrates many of the characteristics of low-temperature carbon fluorides. The material has a high discharge potential of 3.2 V vs Li/Li(+) and a discharge capacity in the range of 450-500 mAh/g to 2.0 V. C1 [Read, Jeffrey A.; Behl, Wishvender K.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Read, JA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jread@arl.army.mil NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 1099-0062 J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett. PY 2009 VL 12 IS 1 BP A16 EP A18 DI 10.1149/1.3008701 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 372AL UT WOS:000260873700005 ER PT B AU Wright, B Thomas, D Hong, HP Groven, L Puszynski, J Duke, E Ye, XR Jin, SH Smith, P Roy, W AF Wright, Brian Thomas, Dustin Hong, Haiping Groven, Lori Puszynski, Jan Duke, Edward Ye, Xiangrong Jin, Sungho Smith, Pauline Roy, Walter BE Carlson, ED TI FIELD ENHANCED THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY IN HEAT TRANSFER NANOFLUIDS WITH MAGNETIC COATING ON CARBON NANOTUBES SO ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NANOTECHNOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Thermal conductivity; Carbon nanotube; Ni coated; Magnetic field AB In this paper, we report that the thermal conductivity (TC) of heat transfer nanofluids containing Ni coated single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) can be enhanced by applied magnetic field. A reasonable explanation for these interesting results is that Ni coated nanotubes form aligned chains under applied magnetic field, which improves thermal conductivity via increased contacts. On longer holding in magnetic field, the nanotubes gradually move and form large clumps of nanotubes, which eventually decreases the X. When we reduce the magnetic field strength and maintain a smaller field right after TC reaches the maximum, the TC value can be kept longer compared to without magnetic Field. We attribute gradual magnetic clumping to the gradual cause of the TC decrease in the magnetic field. We also found that the time to reach the maximum peak value of TC is increased as the applied magnetic field is reduced. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images show that the Ni coated nantubes are aligned well under the influence of a magnetic field. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images indicate that nickel remains attached onto the nanotubes after the magnetic field exposure. C1 [Wright, Brian; Thomas, Dustin; Hong, Haiping] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Groven, Lori; Puszynski, Jan] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Duke, Edward] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Ye, Xiangrong; Jin, Sungho] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Smith, Pauline; Roy, Walter] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wright, B (reprint author), S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60692-079-4 PY 2009 BP 885 EP 893 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BLV67 UT WOS:000271185800029 ER PT J AU Peters, JF Kala, R Maier, RS AF Peters, John F. Kala, Raju Maier, Robert S. TI A hierarchical search algorithm for discrete element method of greatly differing particle sizes SO ENGINEERING COMPUTATIONS LA English DT Article CT 4th International Conference on Discrete Element Methods CY AUG, 2007 CL Brisbane, AUSTRALIA DE Programming and algorithm theory; Particle size measurement ID CONTACT DETECTION ALGORITHM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AB Purpose - A critical step toward an efficient contact detection algorithm is to localize the contact search to the immediate neighborhood of each particle. In particular, cell-based algorithms are simple and require O(N) computations but become inefficient when the particles are not roughly the same diameter. The purpose of this paper is to describe a hierarchical search method with the simplicity and efficiency of the neighbor search algorithm but which is insensitive to size gradation. Design/methodology/approach - In this method, particles are allocated to cells based on their location and size within a nested hierarchical cell space. Contact searches are limited to neighboring particles of equal size within their own hierarchy and occasionally with particles of larger size when no contacts are found within their own hierarchy. Findings - The method is shown to be effective for the most severe case of highly segregated particle distributions in which a large particle is surrounded by particles of much smaller size. Originality/value - This paper is of value in concentrating on particular issues in implementing the hierarchical contact detection algorithm in a parallel computing environment using message-passing interface. C1 [Peters, John F.; Kala, Raju; Maier, Robert S.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Peters, JF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM john.f.peters@usace.army.mil NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0264-4401 J9 ENG COMPUTATION JI Eng. Comput. PY 2009 VL 26 IS 6 BP 621 EP 634 DI 10.1108/02644400910975423 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA 490DJ UT WOS:000269477800005 ER PT J AU Peters, JF Hopkins, MA Kala, R Wahl, RE AF Peters, John F. Hopkins, Mark A. Kala, Raju Wahl, Ronald E. TI A poly-ellipsoid particle for non-spherical discrete element method SO ENGINEERING COMPUTATIONS LA English DT Article CT 4th International Conference on Discrete Element Methods CY AUG, 2007 CL Brisbane, AUSTRALIA DE Geometric planes and solids; Particle size measurement; Programming languages AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to present a simple non-symmetric shape, the poly-ellipsoid, to describe particles in discrete element simulations that incur a computational cost similar to ellipsoidal particles. Design/methodology/approach - Particle shapes are derived from joining octants of eight ellipsoids, each having different aspect ratios, across their respective principal planes to produce a compound surface that is continuous in both surface coordinate and normal direction. Because each octant of the poly-ellipsoid is described as an ellipsoid, the mathematical representation of the particle shape can be in the form of either an implicit function or as parametric equations. Findings - The particle surface is defined by six parameters (vs the 24 parameters required to define the eight component ellipsoids) owing to dependencies among parameters that must be imposed to create continuous intersections. Despite the complexity of the particle shapes, the particle mass, centroid and moment of inertia tensor can all be computed in closed form. Practical implications - The particle can be implemented in any contact algorithm designed for ellipsoids with minor modifications to determine in which pair of octants the potential contact occurs. Originality/value - The poly-ellipsoid particle is a computational device to represent non-spherical particles in DEM models. C1 [Peters, John F.; Hopkins, Mark A.; Kala, Raju; Wahl, Ronald E.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Peters, JF (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM john.f.peters@usace.army.mil NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0264-4401 J9 ENG COMPUTATION JI Eng. Comput. PY 2009 VL 26 IS 6 BP 645 EP 657 DI 10.1108/02644400910975441 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA 490DJ UT WOS:000269477800007 ER PT S AU Samms, C Jones, D Hale, K Mitchell, D AF Samms, Charneta Jones, David Hale, Kelly Mitchell, Diane BE Harris, D TI Harnessing the Power of Multiple Tools to Predict and Mitigate Mental Overload SO ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITIVE ERGONOMICS, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics held at the HCI International 2009 CY JUL 19-24, 2009 CL San Diego, CA DE mental workload; overload; IMPRINT; MIDS; command and control; multimodal; integrated toolset AB Predicting the effect of system design decisions on operator performance is challenging, particularly when a system is in the early stages of development. Tools such as the Improved Performance Research Integration Tool (IMPRINT) have been used Successfully to predict operator performance by identifying task/design combinations leading to potential mental overload. Another human performance modeling tool, the Multimodal Interface Design Support (MIDS) tool, allows system designers to input their system specifications into the tool to identify points of mental overload and provide multi-modal design guidelines that could help mitigate the overload identified. The complementary nature of the two tools was recognized by Army Research Laboratory (ARL) analysts. The ability of IMPRINT to stochastically identify task combinations leading to overload combined with the power of MIDS to address overload conditions with workload mitigation strategies led to ARL sponsorship of a proof of concept integration between the two tools. This paper aims to demonstrate the utility of performing low-cost prototyping to combine associated technologies to amplify the utility of both systems. The added capabilities of the integrated IMPRINT/MIDS system are presented with future development plans for the system. C1 [Samms, Charneta; Mitchell, Diane] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, ATTN AMSRD ARL HR MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Jones, David; Hale, Kelly] Design Interactive Inc, Oviedo 32765, FL, Spain. RP Samms, C (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, ATTN AMSRD ARL HR MB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM charneta.samms@us.army.mil; david@designinteractive.net; kelly@designinteractive.net; diane.k.mitchell@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-02727-7 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2009 VL 5639 BP 279 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics SC Computer Science GA BLY63 UT WOS:000271455000030 ER PT J AU Duan, ZY Martin, JL Stockstill, RL McAnally, WH Bridges, DH AF Duan, Zhiyong Martin, James L. Stockstill, Richard L. McAnally, William H. Bridges, David H. TI Modeling Streamflow-Driven Gas-Liquid Transfer Rate SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE surface-water quality; mathematical analysis and modeling; hydrology and water resources ID COEFFICIENTS; REAERATION; TURBULENCE AB A streamflow-driven gas-liquid transfer rate model was developed. This model was developed in terms of total surface renewal rate and gas diffusion coefficient. The total surface renewal rate was considered to be the sum of the surface renewal rates caused by the turbulence from the air-water interface and that from the water-bed interface. A general mixing length formula and a vertical fluctuation velocity formula was developed to formulate the surface renewal rate. Predictions of this model show good agreements with the measurements in previous studies and the predictions of Churchill's, O'Connor-Dobbins', and Owens-Gibbs' formulae. It was indicated in some previous studies that the existing streamflow-driven gas-liquid transfer rate formulae have limited application ranges. The model developed in this study can be applied for all the normal ranges of flow velocity and water depth in natural rivers, which generalizes and simplifies the applications. C1 [Duan, Zhiyong; Martin, James L.; McAnally, William H.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Stockstill, Richard L.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Bridges, David H.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Duan, ZY (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, POB 9546, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM zd9@msstate.edu FU Kelly Gene Cook, Sr. Endowment at Mississippi State University FX The writers would like to acknowledge the help from Dr. Dennis D. Truax during this study. Financial support is provided by a research grant from Kelly Gene Cook, Sr. Endowment at Mississippi State University. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 1 BP 155 EP 161 DI 10.1089/ees.2007.0230 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 395BA UT WOS:000262495900017 ER PT J AU Bronstein, J Carvey, P Chen, H Cory-Slechta, D DiMonte, D Duda, J English, P Goldman, S Grate, S Hansen, J Hoppin, J Jewell, S Kamel, F Koroshetz, W Langston, JW Logroscino, G Nelson, L Ravina, B Rocca, W Ross, GW Schettler, T Schwarzschild, M Scott, B Seegal, R Singleton, A Steenland, K Tanner, CM Van Den Eeden, S Weisskopf, M AF Bronstein, Jeff Carvey, Paul Chen, Honglei Cory-Slechta, Deborah DiMonte, Donato Duda, John English, Paul Goldman, Samuel Grate, Stephen Hansen, Johnni Hoppin, Jane Jewell, Sarah Kamel, Freya Koroshetz, Walter Langston, James W. Logroscino, Giancarlo Nelson, Lorene Ravina, Bernard Rocca, Walter Ross, George W. Schettler, Ted Schwarzschild, Michael Scott, Bill Seegal, Richard Singleton, Andrew Steenland, Kyle Tanner, Caroline M. Van Den Eeden, Stephen Weisskopf, Marc TI Meeting Report: Consensus Statement-Parkinson's Disease and the Environment: Collaborative on Health and the Environment and Parkinson's Action Network (CHE PAN) Conference 26-28 June 2007 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cholesterol; coffee; dairy products; diet; dopamine; fatty acids; metals; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Parkinson's disease; pesticides; polychlorinated biphenyls; smoking; statins; urate ID BODY-MASS INDEX; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN; RISK-FACTORS; LEWY BODIES; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; VITAMIN-C; COFFEE; MEN; METAANALYSIS AB BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. People with PD, their families, scientists, health care providers, and the general public are increasingly interested in identifying environmental contributors to PD risk. METHODS: In June 2007, a multidisciplinary group of experts gathered in Sunnyvale, California, USA, to assess what is known about the contribution of environmental factors to PD. RESULTS: We describe the conclusions around which they came to consensus with respect to environmental contributors to PD risk. We conclude with a brief summary of research needs. CONCLUSIONS: PD is a complex disorder, and multiple different pathogenic pathways and mechanisms can ultimately lead to PD. Within the individual there are many determinants of PD risk, and within populations, the causes of PD are heterogeneous. Although rare recognized genetic mutations are sufficient to cause PD, these account for < 10% of PD in the U.S. population, and incomplete penetrance suggests that environmental factors may be involved. Indeed, interplay among environmental factors and genetic makeup likely influences the risk of developing PD. There is a need for further understanding of how risk factors interact, and studying PD is likely to increase understanding of other neurodegenerative disorders. C1 [DiMonte, Donato; Goldman, Samuel; Jewell, Sarah; Langston, James W.; Tanner, Caroline M.] Parkinsons Inst, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. [DiMonte, Donato; Goldman, Samuel; Jewell, Sarah; Langston, James W.; Tanner, Caroline M.] Ctr Clin, Sunnyvale, CA USA. [Bronstein, Jeff] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Carvey, Paul] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Chen, Honglei; Hoppin, Jane; Kamel, Freya] NIEHS, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Cory-Slechta, Deborah] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Duda, John] Parkinsons Dis Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. [English, Paul] Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Oakland, CA USA. [Grate, Stephen] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Hansen, Johnni] Danish Canc Soc, Inst Canc Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Koroshetz, Walter] NINDS, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Logroscino, Giancarlo] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Nelson, Lorene] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ravina, Bernard] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Rocca, Walter] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Ross, George W.] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Schettler, Ted] Sci & Environm Hlth Network, Ames, IA USA. [Schwarzschild, Michael] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Scott, Bill] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Seegal, Richard] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Singleton, Andrew] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Steenland, Kyle] Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Van Den Eeden, Stephen] Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA USA. [Weisskopf, Marc] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Tanner, CM (reprint author), Parkinsons Inst, 675 Almanor Ave, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. EM ctanner@thepi.org RI Singleton, Andrew/C-3010-2009; Nelson, Lorene/D-1305-2011; LOGROSCINO, GIANCARLO/K-5148-2016; OI LOGROSCINO, GIANCARLO/0000-0003-0423-3242; Jewell, Sarah/0000-0002-9877-2599; Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779 NR 79 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 117 IS 1 BP 117 EP 121 DI 10.1289/ehp.11702 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 394WN UT WOS:000262483900039 PM 19165397 ER PT J AU Boddu, VM Abburi, K Fredricksen, AJ Maloney, SW Damavarapu, R AF Boddu, V. M. Abburi, K. Fredricksen, A. J. Maloney, S. W. Damavarapu, R. TI Equilibrium and column adsorption studies of 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) on surface modified granular activated carbons SO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNAN; insensitive munitions; adsorption; activated carbon; chitosan ID WASTE-WATER; EXPLOSIVES; REMOVAL; OXIDATION; REACTOR; SOIL; TNT AB 2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN) is used as a component extensively in the development of insensitive munitions. This may result in release of DNAN into the environment. Here, the results are reported of a study on the removal characteristics of DNAN through adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC), chitosan coated granular activated carbon (CGAC), acid treated granular activated carbon (AGAC) and alkali treated granular activated carbon (BGAC) under equilibrium and column flow conditions. The effect of pH, contact time, concentration of DNAN, and presence of electrolytes on the uptake of DNAN by the adsorbents was investigated. The equilibrium data were fitted to different types of adsorption isotherms. The data were further analysed on the basis of Lagergren first-order, pseudo second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. Breakthrough curves were obtained based on column flow results. All the adsorbents were capable of removing about 99% of DNAN from aqueous media, except CGAC which adsorbed about 87% of DNAN. C1 [Boddu, V. M.; Fredricksen, A. J.; Maloney, S. W.] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Proc Branch, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. [Damavarapu, R.] USA, Ctr Dev & Engn, Energet & Warheads Div, Armament Res, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Boddu, VM (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Proc Branch, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. EM veera.boddu@usace.army.mil NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3330 J9 ENVIRON TECHNOL JI Environ. Technol. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 2 BP 173 EP 181 DI 10.1080/09593330802422993 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 421FD UT WOS:000264343900006 PM 19278158 ER PT J AU Chen, JYC Terrence, PI AF Chen, J. Y. C. Terrence, P. I. TI Effects of imperfect automation and individual differences on concurrent performance of military and robotics tasks in a simulated multitasking environment SO ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE human-robot interaction; military; multitasking; imperfect automation; workload; individual differences; spatial ability; attention; multimodal display; tactile ID SELF-CONFIDENCE; TRUST; ATTENTION; RELIANCE; ALLOCATION; WARNINGS; ISSUES AB This study investigated the performance and workload of the combined position of gunner and robotics operator in a simulated military multitasking environment. Specifically, the study investigated how aided target recognition (AiTR) capabilities for the gunnery task with imperfect reliability (false-alarm-prone vs. miss-prone) might affect the concurrent robotics and communication tasks. Additionally, the study examined whether performance was affected by individual differences in spatial ability and attentional control. Results showed that when the robotics task was simply monitoring the video, participants had the best performance in their gunnery and communication tasks and the lowest perceived workload, compared with the other robotics tasking conditions. There was a strong interaction between the type of AiTR unreliability and participants' perceived attentional control. Overall, for participants with higher perceived attentional control, false-alarm-prone alerts were more detrimental; for low attentional control participants, conversely, miss-prone automation was more harmful. Low spatial ability participants preferred visual cueing and high spatial ability participants favoured tactile cueing. Potential applications of the findings include personnel selection for robotics operation, robotics user interface designs and training development. The present results will provide further understanding of the interplays among automation reliability, multitasking performance and individual differences in military tasking environments. These results will also facilitate the implementation of robots in military settings and will provide useful data to military system designs. C1 [Terrence, P. I.] State Farm Insurance Co, Bloomington, IL USA. [Chen, J. Y. C.] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, PEO STRI Field Element, Orlando, FL USA. RP Chen, JYC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, PEO STRI Field Element, Orlando, FL USA. EM jessie.chen@us.army.mil FU US Army's Robotics Collaboration Army Technology Objective FX This project was funded by the US Army's Robotics Collaboration Army Technology Objective. The authors wish to thank Mr Michael J. Barnes of ARL-HRED for his guidance throughout the process of this research project. We would also like to acknowledge MAJ Carla Joyner of US Military Academy for her contributions to the first experiment of this study series. We thank US Army RDECOM-Simulation & Training Technology Center (STTC) and Institute for Simulation & Training (IST) of University of Central Florida (UCF) for their support throughout the research project. We also thank Dr Jon Bornstein of ARL and his group for providing the TCU for our experiment. We also wish to thank Dr Paula Durlach of US Army Research Institute (ARI) for Behavioral and Social Sciences for providing the Spatial Orientation Test. Finally, we thank Dr Richard D. Gilson of UCF for his valuable input on the tactile system. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-0139 J9 ERGONOMICS JI Ergonomics PY 2009 VL 52 IS 8 BP 907 EP 920 AR PII 913247044 DI 10.1080/00140130802680773 PG 14 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Engineering; Psychology GA 474IR UT WOS:000268277500002 PM 19629806 ER PT B AU Howells, CA AF Howells, Christopher A. GP ASME TI PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY CONVERSION USING LOCOMOTION SO ES2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY - 2008, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability CY AUG 10-14, 2008 CL Jacksonville, FL SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div, ASME, Solar Energy Div DE Piezoelectric; Power; Energy; Generator; PZT-5A AB Piezoelectric materials can be used to convert oscillatory mechanical energy into electrical energy. This technology, together with innovative mechanical coupling designs, can form the basis for an energy harvesting solution for military and commercial systems. The US Army-CERDEC at Ft. Belvoir, VA and Continuum Photonics, Inc. in Billerica, MA completed a three year Science & Technology Objective (STO) research effort that focused on harvesting energy from physical exertion. The effort was aimed at investigating the concept of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting for supplying supplemental power for dismounted soldiers. This STO effort resulted in the development of four proof-of-concept Heel Strike Units where each unit is essentially a small electric generator that utilizes piezoelectric elements to convert mechanical motion into electrical power in the form factor of the heel of a soldier's combat boot. The Power Technology Branch has tested and evaluated the Heel Strike units. The results of the testing and evaluation and the performance of this small electric generator are presented. The generator's piezoelectric conversion of mechanical motion into electrical power, its efficiency, the processes it goes through to produce useable power and commercial applications of the Heel Strike electric generator are discussed. C1 USA, CERDEC C2D, Army Power Div, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Howells, CA (reprint author), USA, CERDEC C2D, Army Power Div, 10125 Gratiot Rd,Ste 100, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM chowells@armypower.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4319-2 PY 2009 BP 13 EP 17 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BJG40 UT WOS:000265637200002 ER PT B AU Hartranft, TJ AF Hartranft, Thomas J. GP ASME TI SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR DEPLOYED MILITARY BASES SO ES2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY - 2008, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability CY AUG 10-14, 2008 CL Jacksonville, FL SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div, ASME, Solar Energy Div AB The U.S. military conducts a full spectrum of contingency operations in which it provides humanitarian assistance, logistical support, peacekeeping stability functions, and reconstruction activities. It is becoming increasingly important to incorporate the concept of "sustainability" into these operations. Making contingency operations more sustainable will provide force multiplier aspects that increase operational efficiencies and reduce logistical burdens and costs. The military requires enormous energy resources to maintain its mission readiness, which contributes greatly to logistical burdens and costs. A wide range of sustainability considerations relate to the cross-functional use of energy in contingency operations, from the interface with a host nation's infrastructure; temporary construction practices; fuel convoys; cascading material use; the handling and treatment of waste, water, and hazardous materials; logistics footprint, etc. This paper describes military issues that will affect deployed base mission requirements and future investment policies. It also describes the ongoing process to develop an Army vision for sustainable contingency operations. This vision will consider the integration of cross-functional energy uses and establish sustainable operational requirements and investment policies. These insights are also applicable to many international humanitarian situations. C1 USA, Corps Engn Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Hartranft, TJ (reprint author), USA, Corps Engn Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4319-2 PY 2009 BP 69 EP 77 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BJG40 UT WOS:000265637200009 ER PT B AU Howells, CA Watkins, C Venkatasubramanian, R AF Howells, Christopher A. Watkins, Cynthia Venkatasubramanian, Rama GP ASME TI EFFECTS OF HIGH FIGURE OF MERIT Bi(2)Te(3) BASED SUPERLATTICES ON THERMOELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SO ES2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY - 2008, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability CY AUG 10-14, 2008 CL Jacksonville, FL SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div, ASME, Solar Energy Div DE Superlattice; Bismuth Telluride; Thermoelectric Module; Antimony Telluride; Bismuth Selenide; Heat Energy Conversion ID DEVICES AB We have investigated the power generation characteristics of thermoelectric devices made from high Figure of Merit p-type Bi(2)Te(3)/Sb(2)Te(3) and n-type Bi(2)Te(3)/Bi(2)Te(2.7)Se(0.3) superlattice materials. The Figure of Merit, ZT (where Z is a measure of the material's thermoelectric properties and T is the absolute temperature) of the p-type and n-type superlattices were each measured at 300K and found to be 2.4 and 1.2 respectively [1]. Sixteen p-n Couples were developed using these superlattice materials and they were configured into a 4x4 thermoelectric module. The electrical measurements (Current, Voltage, and Power) of the 4x4 superlattice thermoelectric modules under various resistive loads and temperature differentials in a standard pressure environment are presented and from these, we have determined the peak power and internal resistance of the module. We also discuss other opportunities to further investigate this device as well as its suitability for power applications. C1 USA, CERDEC C2D, Power Div, ATTN AMSRD CER C2 AP PT, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Watkins, Cynthia; Venkatasubramanian, Rama] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Howells, CA (reprint author), USA, CERDEC C2D, Power Div, ATTN AMSRD CER C2 AP PT, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM chowells@armypower.army.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4319-2 PY 2009 BP 255 EP 259 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BJG40 UT WOS:000265637200031 ER PT B AU Hartranft, T Feickert, CA Zhivov, A Holcomb, FH AF Hartranft, Thomas Feickert, Carl A. Zhivov, Alexander Holcomb, Franklin H. GP ASME TI ENERGY SYSTEMS ANALYSES FOR ULTRA LOW ENERGY COMMUNITIES SO ES2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability CY JUL 19-23, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA SP ASME, Adv Energy Syst Div, ASME, Solar Energy Div DE Energy savings; security & efficiency; control architecture; combined heat & power; distributed heating; microgrid; Military bases AB In an increasingly energy constrained world, the Army and its logistic support envisions a future where its energy needs are designed and fulfilled by an elegant suite of ultra low energy solution options that can be tailored for adaptation at any Army installation or forward deployed base (FOB). Presently there is no overarching power delivery-energy storage-demand architecture and methodology to accomplish this. The Army's present and future energy requirements are a mix of ultra-low and high energy intensity command and control facilities. Garrison Commanders must also have the capability to continuously adjust their ultra low energy suite in real time, by the tailoring and optimization of energy usage to accomplish strategic mission, security, and environmental goals. To address these issues requires the development of a properly designed and executed suite of ultra low energy systems that would enable adaptable, modular, scalable building-block power and thermal energy architecture so as to accommodate a full spectrum of local mission needs, from a few clustered facilities, an installation subsection, a full installation or deployed base. Accommodating this variability in an ultra-low energy environment will require a seamless blend of building automation, utility management and control systems, and power delivery systems with the capability to offer integration of onsite power, energy storage, and energy conservation. The controlling features embodied in the integrated suite of tools, systems analyses and methodologies, must not only optimize design but also day-to-day and hour-by-hour operation. What is envisioned is developing a prototype master plan for an ultra low energy community system that has been field tested at several specific Army campuses. A workshop of leading energy scientists and engineers has been convened to define the technology required to implement this vision. This paper presents the clarified summaries of their collective deliberations, and defines a way forward for a research program capable of achieving ultra low energy applications, for installations to deployed bases. C1 [Hartranft, Thomas; Feickert, Carl A.; Zhivov, Alexander; Holcomb, Franklin H.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL USA. RP Hartranft, T (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4889-0 PY 2009 BP 365 EP 376 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BQV06 UT WOS:000281910700045 ER PT J AU Chandramouli, R Swami, A Chapin, J Subbalakshmi, KP AF Chandramouli, R. Swami, Ananthram Chapin, John Subbalakshmi, K. P. TI Dynamic Spectrum Access for Wireless Networking SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON ADVANCES IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Chandramouli, R.; Subbalakshmi, K. P.] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept ECE, Hopkins, NJ 07030 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Chapin, John] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Commun & Networking Grp, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Chandramouli, R (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept ECE, Hopkins, NJ 07030 USA. EM mouli@stevens.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-6172 J9 EURASIP J ADV SIG PR JI EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. PY 2009 AR 630912 DI 10.1155/2009/630912 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 595DB UT WOS:000277589800001 ER PT J AU Witt, J Linkenauger, S Bakdash, J Augustyn, J Cook, A Proffitt, D AF Witt, Jessica K. Linkenauger, Sally A. Bakdash, Jonathan Z. Augustyn, Jason S. Cook, Andrew Proffitt, Dennis R. TI The long road of pain: chronic pain increases perceived distance SO EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Distance perception; Chronic pain; Effort; Perception-action relationships ID GEOGRAPHICAL SLANT; PERCEPTION AB Spatial perception is sensitive to the energetic costs required to perform intended actions. For example, hills look steeper to people who are fatigued or burdened by a heavy load. Similarly, perceived distance is also influenced by the energy required to walk or throw to a target. Such experiments demonstrate that perception is a function, not just of optical information, but also of the perceiver's potential to act and the energetic costs associated with the intended action. In the current paper, we expand on the notion of "cost" by examining perceived distance in patients diagnosed with chronic pain, a multifactorial disease, which is experienced while walking. We found that chronic pain patients perceive target distances to be farther away compared with a control group. These results indicate the physical, and perhaps emotional, costs of chronic pain affect spatial perceptions. C1 [Witt, Jessica K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Psychol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Linkenauger, Sally A.; Bakdash, Jonathan Z.; Proffitt, Dennis R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Psychol, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Augustyn, Jason S.] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Cook, Andrew] Univ Virginia, Dept Anesthesiol, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Cook, Andrew] Canterbury Dist Hlth Board, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP Witt, J (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Psychol Sci, 703 3rd St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jkwitt@purdue.edu FU NIH [RO1MH075781-01A2] FX This research was supported by an NIH RO1MH075781-01A2 grant to Dennis Proffitt. NR 16 TC 27 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4819 J9 EXP BRAIN RES JI Exp. Brain Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 192 IS 1 BP 145 EP 148 DI 10.1007/s00221-008-1594-3 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 370RL UT WOS:000260780400014 PM 18949471 ER PT J AU Mittendorf, EA Holmes, JP Murray, JL von Hofe, E Peoples, GE AF Mittendorf, Elizabeth A. Holmes, Jarrod P. Murray, James L. von Hofe, Eric Peoples, George E. TI CD4(+) T cells in antitumor immunity: utility of an li-Key HER2/neu hybrid peptide vaccine (AE37) SO EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY LA English DT Review DE AE37; breast cancer; li-Key; peptide; vaccine ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; HER-2/NEU ONCOGENIC PROTEIN; INVARIANT CHAIN PEPTIDES; BREAST-CANCER PATIENTS; CLASS-II MOLECULES; GROUP-STUDY I-01; MHC CLASS-I; LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; DENDRITIC CELLS AB Background: Early clinical trials of HER2/neu-derived peptide vaccines indicate that they may be useful for preventing recurrence in breast cancer patients rendered disease-free after standard-of-care therapy. An effective vaccination strategy will probably require stimulation of T helper (Th) cells. AE37 is an HER2/neu-derived peptide that has been modified to enhance anti gen-specific stimulation of Th cells by linkage of the li-Key moiety of the MHC class II-associated invariant chain (li protein). Objective: To review the literature regarding the role of a Th response in immunotherapy with a focus on this novel HER2/neu-derived AE37 peptide. Results/conclusion: improved immuno-genicity of the AE37 li-key hybrid peptide has been demonstrated in animal models, ex vivo patient cells, and, most recently, in a Phase I clinical trial in breast cancer patients. Future clinical trials incorporating AE37 into a peptide vaccine strategy are warranted. C1 [Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Holmes, Jarrod P.] USN, Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Murray, James L.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Breast Med Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [von Hofe, Eric] Antigen Express, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. [Peoples, George E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Mittendorf, EA (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol, 1515 Holcombe Blvd,Unit 444, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM eamitten@mdanderson.org FU Antigen Express FX Murray has received $100,000 in grant funds from Antigen Express.; von Hofe is president of Antigen Express. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1471-2598 J9 EXPERT OPIN BIOL TH JI Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1517/14712590802614538 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 393BX UT WOS:000262347000007 PM 19063694 ER PT J AU Armstrong, AY Alvero, RJ Dunlow, S Nace, MC Baker, V Stewart, EA AF Armstrong, Alicia Y. Alvero, Ruben J. Dunlow, Susan Nace, Mary Catherine Baker, Valerie Stewart, Elizabeth A. TI Balancing the professional and personal SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Professional; spouse; parent ID MEDICAL MARRIAGES; SATISFACTION; LIFE; GYNECOLOGISTS; PHYSICIANS; CAREER AB Objective: To review the common roles that physicians pursue away from work and identify related challenges and potential solutions, so that individuals can develop a personalized plan for success in each of the areas. Design: Literature review. Setting: University-based and university-affiliated medical centers. Patient(s): No subjects were involved in this literature review. Intervention(s): Literature searches in Entrez PubMed and the following Websites: http://www.apgo.org, http://www.psychiatrictimes.com, as well as other data sources. Main Outcome Measure(s): Results of physician surveys and summaries of strategies for achieving work-personal life balance. Result(s): According to surveys of physicians in various specialties, a majority of physicians have high levels of job, marital, and parental satisfaction. However, professional and personal challenges faced by physicians include struggle with time management, lack of mentorship, and difficulty maintaining intimate relationships. Multiple potentially effective strategies have been described in the literature, including exerting control over hours worked, taking a long view of life that acknowledges the need for changing priorities over time, developing communication skills, seeking counseling services if needed that focus on physician relationships, and simplifying home life whenever possible. Conclusion(s): Although there are unique challenges in being a physician, partner, and parent, many of the professional challenges faced by physicians are common to many adults in the United States. Self-assessment may help individuals to clarify priorities and develop strategies that can lead to improved personal satisfaction. (Fertil Steril (R) 2009;91:18-21. (c) 2009 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.) C1 [Armstrong, Alicia Y.] NICHHD, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Alvero, Ruben J.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. [Armstrong, Alicia Y.; Alvero, Ruben J.; Dunlow, Susan; Nace, Mary Catherine] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Baker, Valerie] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Armstrong, Alicia Y.; Dunlow, Susan; Nace, Mary Catherine] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Stewart, Elizabeth A.] Mayo Clin & Mayo Sch Med, Rochester, MN USA. RP Armstrong, AY (reprint author), NICHHD, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, NIH, CRC 1 E Room 1-E-3140,10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM armstroa@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 91 IS 1 BP 18 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.064 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 393TU UT WOS:000262396700002 PM 18191125 ER PT J AU Levens, ED Whitcomb, BW Kort, JD Materia-Hoover, D Larsen, FW AF Levens, Eric D. Whitcomb, Brian W. Kort, Jonathan D. Materia-Hoover, Donna Larsen, Frederick W. TI Microdose follicular flare: a viable alternative for normal-responding patients undergoing in vitro fertilization? SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article DE Leuprolide acetate; microdose follicular flare; GnRH agonist; assisted reproductive technology ID INVITRO FERTILIZATION; OVARIAN RESPONSIVENESS; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; POOR RESPONDERS; HORMONE AGONIST; SUPPRESSION; INDUCTION; OVULATION; PROTOCOL; CYCLES AB Objective: To compare cycle outcomes among normal-responding patients <= 30 years old receiving microdose follicular flare (MDF) and long-luteal agonist (LL). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Military-based assisted reproductive technology (ART) center. Patient(s): First autologous ART cycles among 499 women G 30 years old from January 1999 to December 2005. Intervention(s): After oral contraceptive pill (OCP) administration before cycle start, patients were nonrandomly assigned to either LL or MDF for LH surge suppression. Patients in the LL group received 1 mg/day leuprolide acetate (LA) on cycle day 21, which was reduced to 0.25 mg/day 10-14 days later. Patients in the MDF group received LA (40 kg twice a day) beginning 3 days after discontinuing OCPs. Both groups received a combination of hMG and recombinant FSH. Main Outcome Measure(s): Primary outcomes were implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live-birth rates; in-cycle variables included peak E(2), oocytes retrieved, oocyte maturity, and fertilization rate. Result(s): Multivariable models controlling for confounding by treatment indication found no significant differences between groups in implantation (MDF, 36%; LL, 38%), clinical pregnancy (MDF, 53%; LL, 56%), and live-birth rates (MDF, 47%; LL, 50%). No differences were observed in peak E,, oocytes retrieved, oocyte maturity, fertilization rate, or embryos transferred. Conclusion(s): MDF use among normal-responding ART patients produced no differences in cycle outcome when compared with LL. Therefore, MDF may be a viable alternative for normal-responding patients. (Fertil Steril (R) 2009;91:110-4. (c) 2009 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.) C1 [Levens, Eric D.] NICHHD, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Levens, Eric D.; Larsen, Frederick W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Levens, Eric D.; Larsen, Frederick W.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, NIH, Washington, DC USA. [Levens, Eric D.; Larsen, Frederick W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Whitcomb, Brian W.] NICHHD, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Materia-Hoover, Donna] ART Inst Washington Inc, Washington, DC USA. RP Levens, ED (reprint author), NICHHD, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, Bldg 10,CRC,Room E1-3140,10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM levense@mail.nih.gov FU Reproductive Biology and Medicine Branch and the Epidemiology Branch; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland FX This research was supported in part by the Reproductive Biology and Medicine Branch and the Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 91 IS 1 BP 110 EP 114 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.11.018 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 393TU UT WOS:000262396700017 PM 18249365 ER PT S AU Dubinskii, M Zhang, J Ter-Mikirtychev, V AF Dubinskii, M. Zhang, J. Ter-Mikirtychev, V. BE Gapontsev, DV Kliner, DA Dawson, JW Tankala, K TI Power Scaling of Resonantly Cladding-Pumped Yb-free Er-doped LMA FBG Laser SO FIBER LASERS VI: TECHNOLOGY, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fiber Lasers VI - Technology, Systems, and Applications CY JAN 26-29, 2009 CL San Jose, CA SP SPIE, IPG Photon Corp DE fiber laser; eye-safe; Er-doped AB Reported here is resonantly cladding-pumped (at 1532.5 nm) Yb-free Er-doped fiber laser delivering similar to 48 W of CW output at 1590 nm with the similar to 57% optical-to-optical conversion slope efficiency. This diode-pumped laser operates with the ultra-low quantum defect of 3.75%. Obtained efficiency is the highest efficiency reported for the cladding-pumped unidirectionally emitting Er-doped laser. Reported power is believed to be the highest power ever reported from Yb-free, Er-doped fiber laser. C1 [Dubinskii, M.; Zhang, J.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Dubinskii, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM mdubinskiy@arl.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7441-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2009 VL 7195 PG 2 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BSS47 UT WOS:000285708800003 ER PT J AU Eicken, H Gradinger, R Shirasawa, K Perovich, DK Lepparanta, M Salganek, M AF Eicken, H. Gradinger, R. Shirasawa, K. Perovich, D. K. Lepparanta, M. Salganek, M. BE Eicken, H Gradinger, R Salganek, M Shirasawa, K Perovich, D Lepparanta, M TI FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR SEA ICE RESEARCH Introduction SO FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR SEA ICE RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Eicken, H.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Gradinger, R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Lepparanta, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, Div Geophys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Perovich, D. K.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Shirasawa, K.] Hokkaido Univ, Inst Low Temp Sci, Pan Okhotsk Res Ctr, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600819, Japan. RP Eicken, H (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, POB 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM hajo.eicken@gi.alaska.edu; rgradinger@ims.uaf.edu; kunio@lowtem.hokudai.ac.jp; donald.k.perovich@usace.army.mil; Matti.lepparanta@helsinki.fi; hajo.eicken@gi.alaska.edu; rgradinger@ims.uaf.edu; kunio@lowtem.hokudai.ac.jp; Matti.lepparanta@helsinki.fi NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIVERSITY ALASKA PRESS PI FAIRBANKS PA UNIVERSITY ALASKA GRUENING BLDG 1ST FLOOR PO BOX 756240, FAIRBANKS, AK 99775-6240 USA BN 978-1-60223-107-8 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA BWO80 UT WOS:000294414900003 ER PT J AU Eicken, H Gradinger, R Salganek, M Shirasawa, K Perovich, D Lepparanta, M AF Eicken, Hajo Gradinger, Rolf Salganek, Maya Shirasawa, Kunio Perovich, Don Lepparanta, Matti BE Eicken, H Gradinger, R Salganek, M Shirasawa, K Perovich, D Lepparanta, M TI FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR SEA ICE RESEARCH Preface SO FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR SEA ICE RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Eicken, Hajo] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Gradinger, Rolf] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Lepparanta, Matti] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, Div Geophys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Perovich, Don] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Shirasawa, Kunio] Hokkaido Univ, Inst Low Temp Sci, Pan Okhotsk Res Ctr, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600819, Japan. RP Eicken, H (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, POB 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM hajo.eicken@gi.alaska.edu; rgradinger@ims.uaf.edu; kunio@lowtem.hokudai.ac.jp; donald.k.perovich@usace.army.mil; Matti.lepparanta@helsinki.fi; hajo.eicken@gi.alaska.edu; rgradinger@ims.uaf.edu; kunio@lowtem.hokudai.ac.jp; donald.k.perovich@usace.army.mil; Matti.lepparanta@helsinki.fi NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSITY ALASKA PRESS PI FAIRBANKS PA UNIVERSITY ALASKA GRUENING BLDG 1ST FLOOR PO BOX 756240, FAIRBANKS, AK 99775-6240 USA BN 978-1-60223-107-8 PY 2009 BP VII EP IX PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA BWO80 UT WOS:000294414900001 ER PT J AU Sturm, M AF Sturm, Matthew BE Eicken, H Gradinger, R Salganek, M Shirasawa, K Perovich, D Lepparanta, M TI Field Techniques for Snow Observations on Sea Ice SO FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR SEA ICE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SEASONAL SNOW; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; BEAUFORT; ALASKA; COVER C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. RP Sturm, M (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. EM msturm@crrel.usace.army.mil NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSITY ALASKA PRESS PI FAIRBANKS PA UNIVERSITY ALASKA GRUENING BLDG 1ST FLOOR PO BOX 756240, FAIRBANKS, AK 99775-6240 USA BN 978-1-60223-107-8 PY 2009 BP 25 EP 47 PG 23 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA BWO80 UT WOS:000294414900005 ER PT J AU Perovich, D AF Perovich, Don BE Eicken, H Gradinger, R Salganek, M Shirasawa, K Perovich, D Lepparanta, M TI Sea Ice Optics Measurements SO FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR SEA ICE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOLAR-RADIATION; ULTRAVIOLET; EVOLUTION; ALBEDO; SNOW C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Perovich, D (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM donald.k.perovich@usace.army.mil; donald.k.perovich@usace.army.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSITY ALASKA PRESS PI FAIRBANKS PA UNIVERSITY ALASKA GRUENING BLDG 1ST FLOOR PO BOX 756240, FAIRBANKS, AK 99775-6240 USA BN 978-1-60223-107-8 PY 2009 BP 215 EP 229 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA BWO80 UT WOS:000294414900010 ER PT J AU Perovich, D AF Perovich, Don BE Eicken, H Gradinger, R Salganek, M Shirasawa, K Perovich, D Lepparanta, M TI Automatic Measurement Stations SO FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR SEA ICE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Perovich, D (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM donald.k.perovich@usace.army.mil; donald.k.perovich@usace.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSITY ALASKA PRESS PI FAIRBANKS PA UNIVERSITY ALASKA GRUENING BLDG 1ST FLOOR PO BOX 756240, FAIRBANKS, AK 99775-6240 USA BN 978-1-60223-107-8 PY 2009 BP 383 EP 394 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA BWO80 UT WOS:000294414900017 ER PT J AU Gradinger, R Perovich, DK AF Gradinger, R. Perovich, D. K. BE Eicken, H Gradinger, R Salganek, M Shirasawa, K Perovich, D Lepparanta, M TI Concluding Remarks: Integration of Sea Ice Field Research into Polar System Science SO FIELD TECHNIQUES FOR SEA ICE RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Gradinger, R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Perovich, D. K.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Gradinger, R (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM rgradinger@ims.uaf.edu; donald.k.perovich@usace.army.mil; rgradinger@ims.uaf.edu NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIVERSITY ALASKA PRESS PI FAIRBANKS PA UNIVERSITY ALASKA GRUENING BLDG 1ST FLOOR PO BOX 756240, FAIRBANKS, AK 99775-6240 USA BN 978-1-60223-107-8 PY 2009 BP 543 EP 546 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA BWO80 UT WOS:000294414900023 ER PT S AU Kerick, SE McDowell, K AF Kerick, Scott E. McDowell, Kaleb BE Schmorrow, DD Estabrooke, IV Grootjen, M TI Understanding Brain, Cognition, and Behavior in Complex Dynamic Environments SO FOUNDATIONS OF AUGMENTED COGNITION, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Foundation of Augmented Cognition CY JUL 19-24, 2009 CL San Diego, CA DE electroencephalography (EEG); natural environment; operational neuroscience; Augmented Cognition; cognitive engineering; human dimension ID COMPUTER INTERFACES; EEG-ANALYSIS; TIME; CLASSIFICATION; COMMUNICATION; INTEGRATION; DEGENERACY; SYSTEM; BCI AB Many challenges remain for understanding how the human brain functions in complex dynamic environments. For example, how do we measure brain physiology of humans interacting in their natural environments where data acquisition systems are intrusive and environmental and biological artifacts severely confound brain Source signals? How do we understand the full context within which the human brain is operating? How do we know which information is most meaningful to extract from the data? How can we best utilize that extracted information and what are the implications for human performance? The papers comprising this section address these questions from conceptual, technical, and applied perspectives. It is clearly seen that significant progress has been made since the inception of the Augmented Cognition program and that, to overcome these challenges, a continued Multidisciplinary approach is required across basic and applied research from cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, computer scientists, and engineers. C1 [Kerick, Scott E.; McDowell, Kaleb] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Kerick, SE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM scott.kerick@us.army.mil; kaleb.mcdowell@us.army.mil RI McDowell, Kaleb/A-3410-2009 NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-02811-3 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2009 VL 5638 BP 35 EP 41 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BKH40 UT WOS:000268101300005 ER PT S AU Fidopiastis, CM Drexler, J Barber, D Cosenzo, K Barnes, M Chen, JYC Nicholson, D AF Fidopiastis, Cali M. Drexler, Julie Barber, Daniel Cosenzo, Keryl Barnes, Michael Chen, Jessie Y. C. Nicholson, Denise BE Schmorrow, DD Estabrooke, IV Grootjen, M TI Impact of Automation and Task Load on Unmanned System Operator's Eye Movement Patterns SO FOUNDATIONS OF AUGMENTED COGNITION, PROCEEDINGS: NEUROERGONOMICS AND OPERATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Foundation of Augmented Cognition CY JUL 19-24, 2009 CL San Diego, CA DE Adaptive Automation; Unmanned Ground Systems; Eye Tracking; Workload AB Eye tracking under naturalistic viewing conditions may provide a means to assess operator workload in ail unobtrusive manner. Specifically, we explore the use of a nearest neighbor index of workload calculated using eye fixation patterns obtained from operators navigating all unmanned ground vehicle under different task loads and levels of automation. Results Showed that fixation patterns map to the operator's experimental condition suggesting that systematic eye movements may characterize each task. Further, different methods of calculating the workload index are highly correlated, r(46) = .94, p = .01. While the eye movement workload index matches operator reports of workload based on the NASA TLX, the metric fails on some instances. Interestingly, these departure points may relate to the operator's perceived attentional control score. We discuss these results in relation to automation triggers for unmanned systems. C1 [Fidopiastis, Cali M.; Drexler, Julie; Barber, Daniel; Nicholson, Denise] Univ Cent Florida, IST, ACTIVE Lab, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Cosenzo, Keryl; Barnes, Michael; Chen, Jessie Y. C.] US Army Res Lab ARL, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Orlando, FL USA. RP Fidopiastis, CM (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, IST, ACTIVE Lab, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM cfidopia@ist.ucf.edu; jdrexler@ist.ucf.edu; dbarber@ist.ucf.edu; kcosenzo@arl.army.mil; michael.j.barnes@us.army.mil; jessie.chen@us.army.mil; dnichols@ist.ucf.edu NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-02811-3 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2009 VL 5638 BP 229 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BKH40 UT WOS:000268101300027 ER PT S AU Luu, P Frank, R Kerick, S Tucker, DM AF Luu, Phan Frank, Robert Kerick, Scott Tucker, Don M. BE Schmorrow, DD Estabrooke, IV Grootjen, M TI Directed Components Analysis: An Analytic Method for the Removal of Biophysical Artifacts from EEG Data SO FOUNDATIONS OF AUGMENTED COGNITION, PROCEEDINGS: NEUROERGONOMICS AND OPERATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Foundation of Augmented Cognition CY JUL 19-24, 2009 CL San Diego, CA DE EEG; artifact; brain activity; neuroergonomic ID MECHANISMS AB Artifacts generated by biophysical sources (such as muscles, eyes, and heart) often hamper the use of EEG for the study of brain functions in basic research and applied settings. These artifacts share frequency overlap with the EEG, making frequency filtering inappropriate for their removal. Spatial decomposition methods, such as principal and independent components analysis, have been employed for the removal of the artifacts from the EEG. However, these methods have limitations that prevent their use in operational environments that require real-time analysis. We have introduced a directed components analysis (DCA) that employs a spatial template to direct the selection of target artifacts. This method is computationally efficient, allowing it to be employed in real-world applications. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of spatial undersampling of the scalp potential field on the ability of DCA to remove blink artifacts. C1 [Luu, Phan; Tucker, Don M.] Elect Geodes Inc, Eugene, OR USA. [Frank, Robert] Univ Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Kerick, Scott] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Luu, P (reprint author), Elect Geodes Inc, Eugene, OR USA. EM pluu@egi.com; rmfrank@mac.com; skerick@arl.army.mil; dtucker@egi.com NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-02811-3 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2009 VL 5638 BP 411 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BKH40 UT WOS:000268101300049 ER PT S AU Parsons, TD Courtney, C Cosand, L Iyer, A Rizzo, AA Oie, K AF Parsons, Thomas D. Courtney, Christopher Cosand, Louise Iyer, Arvind Rizzo, Albert A. Oie, Kelvin BE Schmorrow, DD Estabrooke, IV Grootjen, M TI Assessment of Psychophysiological Differences of West Point Cadets and Civilian Controls Immersed within a Virtual Environment SO FOUNDATIONS OF AUGMENTED COGNITION, PROCEEDINGS: NEUROERGONOMICS AND OPERATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Foundation of Augmented Cognition CY JUL 19-24, 2009 CL San Diego, CA DE virtual environment; psychophysiological assessment; immersion; ecological validity, neuropsychology ID REALITY; EXPOSURE; ANXIETY; PERFORMANCE; THERAPY AB An important question for ecologically valid virtual environments is whether cohort characteristics affect immersion. If a method for assessing a certain neurocognitive capacity (e..g. attentional processing) is adapted to a cohort other than the one that was used for the initial normative distribution, data obtained in the new cohort may not be reflective of the neurocognitive capacity in question. We assessed the psychophysiological impact of different levels of immersion upon persons from two cohorts: 1) civilian university students; and 2) West Point Cadets. Cadets were found to have diminished startle eyeblink amplitude compared with civilians, which may reflect that cadets experienced less negative affect during the scenario in general. Further, heart rate data revealed that Cadets had significantly lower heart rates than Civilians in the "low" but not "high" immersion condition. This suggests that "low" immersion conditions may not have the ecological validity necessary to evoke consistent affect across cohorts. C1 [Parsons, Thomas D.; Courtney, Christopher; Cosand, Louise; Iyer, Arvind; Rizzo, Albert A.] Univ Southeren Calif, Inst Creat Technol, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Oie, Kelvin] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. RP Parsons, TD (reprint author), Univ Southeren Calif, Inst Creat Technol, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. EM tparsons@ict.usc.edu NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-02811-3 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2009 VL 5638 BP 514 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BKH40 UT WOS:000268101300060 ER PT S AU Deitz, PH Reed, HL Klopcic, JT Walbert, JN AF Deitz, Paul H. Reed, Harry L., Jr. Klopcic, J. Terrence Walbert, James N. BA Deitz, PH Reed, HL Klopcic, JT Walbert, JN BF Deitz, PH Reed, HL Klopcic, JT Walbert, JN BE Edwards, EW Hacker, WL Kincheloe, WL Bely, DC TI Fundamentals of Ground Combat System Ballistic Vulnerability/Lethality Introduction SO FUNDAMENTALS OF GROUND COMBAT SYSTEM BALLISTIC VULNERABILITY/LETHALITY SE Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID INJURY; MODEL C1 [Deitz, Paul H.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Klopcic, J. Terrence] Kenyon Coll, Gambier, OH 43022 USA. [Walbert, James N.] SURVICE Engn Co, Dumfries, VA USA. RP Deitz, PH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 187 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, STE 500, RESTON, VA 20191-4344 USA SN 0079-6050 BN 978-1-60086-015-7 J9 PROG ASTRONAUT AERON PY 2009 BP 1 EP + PG 24 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BJT47 UT WOS:000267130900001 ER PT B AU Damarla, T Thornley, DJ Gillies, DF Gentle, ME AF Damarla, Thyagaraju Thornley, David J. Gillies, Duncan F. Gentle, Major Ed GP IEEE TI Toward efficient quality of information estimation in simultaneous acoustic tracking and classification of multiple targets SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE Quality of information (QoI); sensor fusion; intelligence; surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR/ISTAR); tracking; classifier AB An individual sensor's information output is often insufficient for an application, with ambiguities that require refinement or corroboration by fusion with information from other sensors. Fusion of multiple information sources is performed to create an information product of higher quality of information (QoI) that supports more effective intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR). In this paper we present an approach to determining the QoI attributes (metadata) relevant to tracking and classification of multiple vehicles, and the necessary weighting (qualifying) terms, as information derived from multiple acoustic sensors is fused Field trial data is used to validate the conclusions. C1 [Damarla, Thyagaraju] USA, AMSRD ARL SE SA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Thornley, David J.; Gillies, Duncan F.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Comp, London, England. [Gentle, Major Ed] SO2 W ISTAR, Dstl Land Battlespace Syst, Farnborough GU14 OLX, Hants, England. RP Damarla, T (reprint author), USA, AMSRD ARL SE SA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM rdamarla@arl.army.mil; djt@doc.ic.ac.uk; dfg@doc.ic.ac.uk; egentle@dstl.gov.uk NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 54 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560000008 ER PT B AU Ravindra, VC Bar-Shalom, Y Damarla, T AF Ravindra, V. C. Bar-Shalom, Y. Damarla, T. GP IEEE TI Feature-Aided Localization of Ground Vehicles Using Passive Acoustic Sensor Arrays SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE Multidimensional assignment (MDA); feature-aided MDA; min. variance distortionless response (MVDR) AB Localization of moving ground targets using acoustic signals obtained by a passive sensor network, made up of acoustic sensor arrays on the ground, is a difficult problem as the signals are contaminated by wind noise and hampered by road conditions and multipath, etc., and are generally not deterministic. It becomes even. more challenging when some of the vehicles are wheeled (e.g., cars) and some are tracked (e.g., tanks), and are closely spaced. In such cases the stronger acoustic signals from the tracked vehicles can mask those from the wheeled vehicles, leading to poor detection of such targets. A novel detection scheme is presented, according to which the direction of arrival (DoA) angle estimates of emitters are obtained by each sensor array using real data. The full position estimates of targets, obtained following the association of the DoA angle estimates of the same target from at least three sensor arrays, are used for target tracking. However, because of the particular challenges encountered in multiple ground vehicle scenarios, this association is not always reliable and thus, target tracking using kinematic (DoA angle) measurements only is difficult and it can lead to lost tracks. In this paper we propose a new feature-aided multidimensional assignment algorithm, to augment the existing assignment algorithms which use only kinematic measurements, to improve the association performance., especially in the case of wheeled vehicles. We present a novel frequency domain, feature extraction technique by implementing a statistical characterization of the features, in order to enhance the accuracy of data association. The feature and DoA angle measurements are used simultaneously, via a joint likelihood function, in a multidimensional assignment (MDA) to localize targets. C1 [Ravindra, V. C.; Bar-Shalom, Y.] Univ Connecticut, Dept ECE, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Damarla, T.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ravindra, VC (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept ECE, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM vcr@engr.uconn.edu; ybs@engr.uconn.edu; rdamarla@arl.army.mil RI Ravindra, Vishal/C-7967-2012 FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory; U. S. Army Research Office [51018-CI] FX *This material is based upon work supported in part by, the U. S. Army Research Laboratory and the U. S. Army Research Office under contract/grant number 51018-CI. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 70 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560000010 ER PT B AU Guo, BF Nixon, MS Damarla, T AF Guo, Baofeng Nixon, Mark. S. Damarla, Thyagaraju GP IEEE TI Acoustic Vehicle Classification by Fusing with Semantic Annotation SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE Acoustic vehicle classification; semantic enrichment; information fusion ID RECOGNITION; SIGNATURE; TRACKING AB Current research on acoustic vehicle classification has been generally aimed at utilizing various feature extraction methods and pattern recognition techniques. Previous research in gait biometrics has shown that domain knowledge or semantic enrichment can assist it? improving the classification accuracy. In this paper we address the problem of semantic enrichment by learning the semantic attributes from the training set, and then formalize the domain knowledge by using ontologies. We first consider a simple data ontology, and discuss how to use it for classification. Next we propose a scheme, which uses a semantic attribute to mediate information fusion for acoustic vehicle classification. To assess the proposed approaches, experiments are carried out based on a data set containing acoustic signals from five types of vehicles. Results indicate that whether the above semantic enrichment can lead to improvement depends on the accuracy of semantic annotation. Among the two enrichment schemes, semantically mediated information fusion achieves less significant improvement, but is insensitive to the annotation error C1 [Guo, Baofeng] Hangzhou Dianzi Univ, Hangzhou 310018, Peoples R China. [Nixon, Mark. S.] Univ Southampton, Elect & Comp Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Damarla, Thyagaraju] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Guo, BF (reprint author), Hangzhou Dianzi Univ, Hangzhou 310018, Peoples R China. EM bguouk@gmail.com; msn@ecs.soton.ac.uk; rdamarla@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory; U.K. Ministry of Defence; [W911NF-06-3-0001] FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.K. Ministry of Defence and was accomplished under Agreement Number W911NF-06-3-0001. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author(s) and should not be interpreted as representingthe official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, the U.S. Government, the U.K. Ministry of Defence or the U.K. Government. The U.S. and U.K. Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon.; The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 232 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560000031 ER PT B AU Matheus, CJ Ulicny, B Kokar, MM Powell, GM AF Matheus, Christopher J. Ulicny, Brian Kokar, Mieczyslaw M. Powell, Gerald M. GP IEEE TI Towards the Formal Representation of Temporal Aspects of Enemy/Threat Courses of Action SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE ECOA; formal representation; ontologies; OWL; OWL Time; JC3IEDM AB Enemy or Threat Courses of Action are produced during Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield, during the Military Decision Making Process, and as part of the process of Situation Development. Due to the overwhelming amount of information involved in these processes and the limited time available to intelligence analysts, significant efforts are underway to develop computer based tools to assist in these processes. For these to be successful there needs to be a way for formally representing Enemy/Threat Courses of Action. This paper investigates the requirements for and potential solutions to this problem using OWL, elements of JC3IEDM and the OWL Time ontology. C1 [Matheus, Christopher J.; Ulicny, Brian] VIStology Inc, Framingham, MA USA. [Kokar, Mieczyslaw M.] VIStology Inc, Boston, MA USA. [Powell, Gerald M.] US Army RDECOM, CREDEC I2WD, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Matheus, CJ (reprint author), VIStology Inc, Framingham, MA USA. EM cmatheus@vistology.com; bulicny@vistology.com; mkokar@ece.neu.edu; gerald.m.powell@us.army.mil NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 240 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560000032 ER PT B AU Kott, A Milks, W AF Kott, Alexander Milks, Wes GP IEEE TI Approaches to Validation of Information Fusion Systems SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE validation; state estimation; information fusion metric; fusion experiments; deception AB We motivate and offer a formal definition of validation as it applies to information fusion systems. Common definitions of validation compare the actual state of the world with that derived by the fusion process. This definition conflates properties of the fusion system with properties of systems that intervene between the world and the fusion system. We propose an alternative definition where validation of an information fusion system references a standard fusion device, such as recognized human experts. We illustrate the approach by describing the validation process implemented in RAID, a program conducted by DARPA and focused on information fusion in adversarial, deceptive environments. C1 [Kott, Alexander] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Milks, Wes] Lockheed Martin Corp, Orlando, FL USA. RP Kott, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM alexander.kott1@us.army.mil; wesley.milks@lmco.com NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 882 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560000114 ER PT B AU Wei, CM Kaplan, LM Burks, SD Blum, RS AF Wei, Chuanming Kaplan, Lance M. Burks, Stephen D. Blum, Rick S. GP IEEE TI Diffuse Prior Monotonic Likelihood Ratio Test for Evaluation of Fused Image Quality Metrics SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE Image fusion; fused image quality measures; hypothesis test; monotonic correlation ID FUSION; PERFORMANCE AB This paper introduces a novel method to score how well proposed fused image quality measures (FIQMs) indicate the effectiveness of humans to detect targets of interest in fused imagery. The human detection, performance is measured via human perception experiments. A good FIQM should relate to perception results in a monotonic fashion. The new method, the diffuse prior monotonic likelihood ratio (DPMLR) test, compares the H-1 hypothesis that the intrinsic human detection, performance is related to the FIQM via a monotonic function to the null hypothesis that the detection and image quality relationship is random. The paper discusses many interesting properties of the DPMLR and demonstrates the effectiveness of the DPMLR test via Monte Carlo Simulations. Finally, the DPMLR is used to score FIQMs over 35 scenes implementing various image fusion algorithms. C1 [Wei, Chuanming; Blum, Rick S.] Lehigh Univ, ECE Dept, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Kaplan, Lance M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Burks, Stephen D.] Night Vis Elect Sensors Directorate, Dev & Engn Ctr, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Wei, CM (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, ECE Dept, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM chw207@lehigh.edu; lance.m.kaplan@us.army.mil; stephen.burks1@us.army.mil; rblum@ece.lehigh.edu FU Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-06-2-0020]; U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-08-1-0449]; Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Community and Economic Development FX Research was sponsored by the Army Research Laboratory under grant W911NF-06-2-0020 and the U.S. Army Research Office under grant W911NF-08-1-0449, and by a grant from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Community and Economic Development. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as the official policies, either express or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government.The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 1076 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560000139 ER PT B AU Bisdikian, C Kaplan, LM Srivastava, MB Thornley, DJ Verma, D Young, RI AF Bisdikian, Chatschik Kaplan, Lance M. Srivastava, Mani B. Thornley, David J. Verma, Dinesh Young, Robert I. GP IEEE TI Building Principles for a Quality of Information Specification for Sensor Information SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE Quality of Information; Value of Information; QoI; QoI; VoI; QoI metadata; VoI metadata; coalition operations; sensor networks AB In the highly heterogeneous environments of coalition operations, sharing sensor-originated information with desired quality characteristics is key to the effective execution of coalition tasks. A characterization Of the quality of information (QoI) is useful in many contexts and can be invaluable in making decisions such as trusting, managing, and using information in particular applications. However, the manner of representing the QoI is highly application-dependent. This leads to divergent QoI characterizations and manifestations hampering the effective and streamlined execution of coalition tasks. An application-agnostic QoI specification can provide consistency in the representation of information and its quality, and enable QoI-aware determinations across many different applications. In this paper, an application-agnostic QoI model which can be readily customized to the needs of specific applications is presented. Object-oriented modelling principles are leveraged to attain a QoI model that can be used in many different contexts.(1) C1 [Bisdikian, Chatschik; Verma, Dinesh] IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY USA. [Kaplan, Lance M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Srivastava, Mani B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Thornley, David J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Comp, London, England. [Young, Robert I.] Def Sci & Technol Lab, Salisbury, Wilts, England. RP Bisdikian, C (reprint author), IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY USA. EM bisdik@us.ibm.com; lance.m.kaplan@us.army.mil; mbs@ee.ucla.edu; djt@doc.ic.ac.uk; dverma@us.ibm.com; riyoung@mail.dstl.gov.uk FU US Army Research laboratory; UK Ministry of Defence; [W911NF-06-3-0001] FX Research was sponsored by US Army Research laboratory and the UK Ministry of Defence and was accomplished under Agreement Number W911NF-06-3-0001. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Army Research Laboratory, the U.S. Government, the UK Ministry of Defense, or the UK Government. The US and UK Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 1370 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560001031 ER PT B AU Verma, D Pham, T Cirincione, GH Pearson, G AF Verma, Dinesh Pham, Tien Cirincione, Gregory H. Pearson, Gavin GP IEEE TI An End to End Life Cycle for ISR in Coalition Networks SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE policy-based security management; network planning; mission planning; sensor network operation; ISR; coalition operations AB Coalition Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) networks provide an invaluable service to joint missions and operations provided they are installed and operated appropriately. The process of obtaining the benefits of an ISR network needs to begin long before the first shared ISR asset is deployed on the ground. The joint mission needs to be planned so as to satisfy any policy constraints and national objectives individual participants may have, and the right mechanisms for sharing information need to be developed Policy conflicts that may prevent optimal operation of the network need to be resolved at the appropriate level of authority. In this paper, we present an end-to-end life-cycle for planning and deploying a coalition ISR network This life-cycle model is targeted to address the requirements that arise due to the differences policies and national objectives of different partners in a coalition. C1 [Verma, Dinesh] IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY USA. [Pham, Tien; Cirincione, Gregory H.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Pearson, Gavin] Porton Down, Def Sci & Technol Lab, Salisbury, Wilts, England. RP Verma, D (reprint author), IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY USA. EM dverma@us.ibm.com; tien.pham1@us.army.mil; greg.cirincione@us.army.mil; agpearson@dstl.gov.uk FU US Army Research Laboratory; UK Ministry of Defence; [W911NF-06-3-0001] FX This research was sponsored by the US Army Research Laboratory and the UK Ministry of Defence and was accomplished under Agreement Number W911NF-06-3-0001. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author(s) and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Army Research Laboratory, the US Government, the UK Ministry of Defence or the UK Government. The US and UK Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. This paper includes British Crown copyright material. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 1378 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560001032 ER PT B AU Wright, J Gibson, C Bergamaschi, F Marcus, K Pressley, R Verma, G Whipps, G AF Wright, Joel Gibson, Christopher Bergamaschi, Flavio Marcus, Kelvin Pressley, Ryan Verma, Gunjan Whipps, Gene GP IEEE TI A Dynamic Infrastructure for Interconnecting Disparate ISR/ISTAR Assets (the ITA Sensor Fabric) SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing Co, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE Sensor networks; middleware; fabric; policy; ISR; ISTAR AB Modern ISR1/ISTAR(2) networks comprise a very diverse and disparate set of asset types and networking technologies, which provide a unique set of challenges in the areas of sensor identification, classification, interoperability and sensor data sharing, dissemination and consumability. This paper presents the ITA Sensor Fabric, developed as part of the International Technology Alliance (ITA) in Network and Information Science, a middleware infrastructure that addresses these challenges by providing unified/universal policy controlled access to, and management of, ISR/ISTAR networks. The ITA Sensor Fabric spans the network from command and control, through forward operating bases, and out to mobile forces and fielded (both mobile and/or fixed) sensors in the area of operations. This paper also presents a use case scenario developed in partnership with the U.S. AT-my Research Laboratory (ARL) and deployed in ARL's Wireless Emulation Laboratory (WEL), that demonstrates the ITA Sensor Fabric applicability to coalition operations. C1 [Wright, Joel; Gibson, Christopher; Bergamaschi, Flavio] IBM United Kingdom Ltd, Emerging Technol Serv, Hursley Pk, Winchester, Hants, England. [Marcus, Kelvin; Pressley, Ryan; Verma, Gunjan; Whipps, Gene] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Wright, J (reprint author), IBM United Kingdom Ltd, Emerging Technol Serv, Hursley Pk, Winchester, Hants, England. EM joel.wright@uk.ibm.com; gibsoncr@uk.ibm.com; flavio@uk.ibm.com; kmarcus@arl.army.mil; ryan.pressley@arl.army.mil; gunjan.verma@arl.army.mil; gwhipps@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory; U.K. Ministry of Defence; W911NF-06-3-0001 FX Manuscript received May 22, 2009. This research was sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.K. Ministry of Defence and was accomplished under Agreement Number W911NF-06-3-0001. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author(s) and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, the U.S. Government, the U.K. Ministry of Defence or the U.K. Government. The U.S. and U.K. Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 1393 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560001034 ER PT B AU Thomas, MA AF Thomas, Mark A. GP IEEE TI Model Based Fusion and Services Automation Support SO FUSION: 2009 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION FUSION, VOLS 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Conference on Information Fusion CY JUL 06-09, 2009 CL Seattle, WA SP ISIF, IEEE, ONR, ARL, AF Res Lab, Northrop Grumman, CUBRC, Boeing, Georgia Tech Res Inst DE automated fusion; services; human sensors AB This paper will report on ongoing research and development to support automated fusion at the US. Army Research Laboratory centered on human-collected information and processing. The overall approach for our research is three pronged: exploit soft information sources such as human-generated reports and open source information, develop discrete services, and focus on the end-user. Soft information sources provide information on relationships between individuals, organizations, locations, time, and events. Extracting this information and structuring it for efficient computer processing is a challenge which must be overcome to provide better analytical support to the user. Discrete services provide for the development of components which can be composed into a system. Processing services such as text extractors, web crawlers, and graph processors within a Services-Oriented Architecture provides modularity and scalability. The focus on the end-user grounds the research in the real needs of soldiers on the ground in the near-term and the future. C1 USA, Res Lab, Tact Informat Fus Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Thomas, MA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Tact Informat Fus Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM mark.thomas3@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9824-4380-4 PY 2009 BP 1600 EP 1603 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BMT89 UT WOS:000273560001061 ER PT J AU Domagal-Goldman, SD Paul, KW Sparks, DL Kubicki, JD AF Domagal-Goldman, S. D. Paul, K. W. Sparks, D. L. Kubicki, J. D. TI Quantum chemical study of the Fe(III)-desferrioxamine B siderophore complex-Electronic structure, vibrational frequencies, and equilibrium Fe-isotope fractionation SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID DESFERRIOXAMINE-B; IRON TRANSPORT; METAL-IONS; DISSOLUTION; GOETHITE; DENSITY; FE(III); LIGANDS; SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION AB This study presents molecular orbital/density functional theory (MO/DFT) calculations of the electronic structure, vibrational frequencies, and equilibrium isotope fractionation factors for iron desferrioxamine B (Fe-DFO-B) complexes in aqueous solution. In general, there was good agreement between the predicted properties of Fe(III)-DFO-B and previously published experimental and theoretical results. The predicted fractionation factor for equilibrium between Fe(III)-DFO-B and Fe(III)-catecholate at 22 degrees C, 0.68 +/- 0.25 parts per thousand, was in good agreement with a previously measured isotopic difference between bacterial cells and solution during the bacterial-mediated dissolution of hornblende [Brantley S. L., Liermann L. and Bullen T. D. (2001) Fractionation of Fe isotopes by soil microbes and organic acids. Geology 29, 535-538]. Conceptually, this agreement is consistent with the notion that Fe is first removed from mineral surfaces via complexation with small organic acids (e.g., oxalate), subsequently sequestered by DFO-B in solution, and ultimately delivered to bacterial cells by Fe(III)DFO-B complexes. The ability of DFO-B to discriminate between Fe(III) and Fe(II)/Al(III) was investigated with Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis and geometry calculations of each metal-DFO-B complex. The results indicated that higher affinity for Fe(III) is not strictly a function of bond length but also the degree of Fe-O covalent bonding. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Domagal-Goldman, S. D.; Kubicki, J. D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Paul, K. W.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Sparks, D. L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. [Kubicki, J. D.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Domagal-Goldman, SD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM sgoldman@astro.washington.edu RI Domagal-Goldman, Shawn/F-3521-2012; Kubicki, James/I-1843-2012 OI Domagal-Goldman, Shawn/0000-0003-0354-9325; Kubicki, James/0000-0002-9277-9044 FU ACS Petroleum Research; NSF/DOE Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute; Center for Materials Simulation (CEMS); PSU MRSEC; National Science Foundation [EPS-0447610] FX The work of J.D.K. and S.D.G. was supported of an ACS Petroleum Research Fund grant: Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on Adsorption of Extracellular Compounds onto Mineral Surfaces. Computational support at Penn State was provided by the Center for Environmental Kinetics Analysis (CEKA), an NSF/DOE Environmental Molecular Sciences Institute and by the Center for Materials Simulation (CEMS), a PSU MRSEC facility. Support for K.W.P. and D.L.S. and computational resources at the University of Delaware were provided by Delaware EPSCoR through the Delaware Biotechnology Institute with funds from the National Science Foundation Grant EPS-0447610 and the State of Delaware. We thank the reviewers of this manuscript, including C. Johnson, V. Polyakov, E. Schauble, and an anonymous reviewer; as would like to thank the anonymous reviewers of an earlier version of our work. NR 47 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 5 U2 43 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2008.09.031 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 386WY UT WOS:000261914500001 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BA Brachman, JM BF Brachman, JM TI Theory Introduction SO GLOBAL JIHADISM: THEORY AND PRACTICE SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Brachman, Jarret M.] NYU, Ctr Global Affairs, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89505-4 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 3 EP + PG 20 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA BML03 UT WOS:000272702900001 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BA Brachman, JM BF Brachman, JM TI Doctrine and schools SO GLOBAL JIHADISM: THEORY AND PRACTICE SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Brachman, Jarret M.] NYU, Ctr Global Affairs, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89505-4 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 22 EP + PG 33 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA BML03 UT WOS:000272702900002 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BA Brachman, JM BF Brachman, JM TI Ideologues SO GLOBAL JIHADISM: THEORY AND PRACTICE SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Brachman, Jarret M.] NYU, Ctr Global Affairs, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89505-4 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 52 EP + PG 31 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA BML03 UT WOS:000272702900003 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BA Brachman, JM BF Brachman, JM TI Strategists SO GLOBAL JIHADISM: THEORY AND PRACTICE SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Brachman, Jarret M.] NYU, Ctr Global Affairs, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89505-4 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 79 EP + PG 27 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA BML03 UT WOS:000272702900004 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BA Brachman, JM BF Brachman, JM TI Propagandists SO GLOBAL JIHADISM: THEORY AND PRACTICE SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Brachman, Jarret M.] NYU, Ctr Global Affairs, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89505-4 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 107 EP + PG 32 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA BML03 UT WOS:000272702900005 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BA Brachman, JM BF Brachman, JM TI Al-Qaida in Saudi Arabia SO GLOBAL JIHADISM: THEORY AND PRACTICE SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Brachman, Jarret M.] NYU, Ctr Global Affairs, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89505-4 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 137 EP + PG 27 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA BML03 UT WOS:000272702900006 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BA Brachman, JM BF Brachman, JM TI Global Jihadism in the UK SO GLOBAL JIHADISM: THEORY AND PRACTICE SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Brachman, Jarret M.] NYU, Ctr Global Affairs, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89505-4 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 161 EP + PG 25 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA BML03 UT WOS:000272702900007 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM AF Brachman, Jarret M. BA Brachman, JM BF Brachman, JM TI Toward a strategy SO GLOBAL JIHADISM: THEORY AND PRACTICE SE Cass Series on Political Violence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brachman, Jarret M.] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Brachman, Jarret M.] NYU, Ctr Global Affairs, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI NEW YORK PA 29 W 35TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA BN 978-0-203-89505-4 J9 CASS SER POLIT VIOLE PY 2009 BP 183 EP + PG 15 WC History; International Relations; Political Science SC History; International Relations; Government & Law GA BML03 UT WOS:000272702900008 ER PT S AU Miao, GW Li, GY Swami, A AF Miao, Guowang Li, Geoffrey Ye Swami, Ananthram BE Ulema, M TI Channel Aware Distributed Random Access SO GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 09) CY NOV 30-DEC 04, 2009 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE DE channel aware; random access; distributed scheduling; fairness AB We investigate distributed channel-aware random access for networks with arbitrary topologies and traffic distributions, where users can receive traffic from or send traffic to different users and different communication links may interfere with others. We consider heterogeneous channels, where the random channel gains of different links may have different distributions. To resolve the network contention in a distributed way, each frame is divided into contention and transmission periods. The contention period is used to resolve conflicts near optimally and to schedule users with better channel states with higher probabilities while assuring fairness among all users. The proposed scheme completely resolves contention of networks with arbitrary topologies and is robust to any channel uncertainty. Besides, it performs close to central schedulers. C1 [Miao, Guowang; Li, Geoffrey Ye] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] CISD, Army Res Lab, Colorado Springs, TX USA. RP Miao, GW (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM gmiao3@gatech.edu FU Intel Corp.; U.S. Army Research Laboratory under Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-01-20-0011] FX This work was supported by Intel Corp. and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-20-0011. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-4147-1 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2009 BP 2612 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQB54 UT WOS:000280579101021 ER PT S AU Jin, Y Jo, JY Yang, M Kim, Y Jiang, YT Gowens, J AF Jin, Yan Jo, Ju-Yeon Yang, Mei Kim, Yoohwan Jiang, Yingtao Gowens, John BE Ulema, M TI HTSMA: a Hybrid Temporal-Spatial Multi-Channel Assignment Scheme in Heterogeneous Wireless Mesh Networks SO GLOBECOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Globecom) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 09) CY NOV 30-DEC 04, 2009 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE ID CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT AB A number of multi-channel assignment schemes have recently been proposed to improve the throughput of IEEE 802.11-based multi-hop wireless mesh networks (WMNs). In these schemes, channel coordination is done either through time synchronization across all the hosts, or through the use of a dedicated channel for the transmission of necessary control messages. Either way, excessive system overhead and/or waste of bandwidth resource become unavoidable, undermining the overall network throughput. To maximize the network throughput, we propose a synchronization-free, hybrid temporal-spatial multi-channel assignment scheme in a random heterogeneous network requiring only a single radio interface per host. In this scheme, the gateway is allowed to use all the available channels sequentially in a round-robin fashion. This temporal channel assignment approach ensures that all the neighboring hosts that communicate with the gateway directly shall have a fair access to the gateway. The channel assignment for the remaining wireless hosts is based on the geographical location and channel availability (a spatial approach) to avoid the interference within the communication region of each sender host in its transmission time period. Compared with another multi-channel scheme MMAC, extensive simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme can improve the network throughput substantially with the acceptable collision ratio. C1 [Jin, Yan; Yang, Mei; Jiang, Yingtao] Univ Nevada, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Jo, Ju-Yeon] Univ Nevada, Sch Informat, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Kim, Yoohwan] Univ Nevada, Sch Comp Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Gowens, John] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Jin, Y (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-529X BN 978-1-4244-4147-1 J9 GLOB TELECOMM CONF PY 2009 BP 5795 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQB54 UT WOS:000280579102135 ER PT J AU Nagarajan, S Nagarajan, R Bruno, F Samuelson, LA Kumar, J AF Nagarajan, Subhalakshmi Nagarajan, Ramaswamy Bruno, Ferdinando Samuelson, Lynne A. Kumar, Jayant TI A stable biomimetic redox catalyst obtained by the enzyme catalyzed amidation of iron porphyrin SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HEME-CONTAINING OXYGENASES; HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CONDUCTING POLYANILINE; POLYMERIZATION; HEMOGLOBIN; PEROXYDASE AB Hematin, a hydroxyferriprotoporphyrin, is the more stable oxidized form of the free heme. The use of hematin as a catalyst for oxidative polymerization reactions has been restricted due to its limited aqueous solubility at low pH conditions. While there have been reports on the functionalization of hematin with poly (ethylene glycol), the esters formed are not very stable at low pH conditions. We report here the design and synthesis of hematin tethered with methoxypolyethylene glycol amine chains as a novel stable biomimetic catalyst. This one step amidation was performed under solventless conditions and catalyzed by a hydrolase (Novozyme-435). The amidation greatly improved the stability of hematin at low pH. Further, this catalyst was soluble in water and was able to catalyze the polymerization of aniline based monomers. The amide functionalized hematin serves as a robust cost-effective alternative to HRP, active even at lower pH conditions. C1 [Nagarajan, Subhalakshmi] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Kumar, Jayant] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Nagarajan, Ramaswamy] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plast Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Nagarajan, Subhalakshmi; Kumar, Jayant] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Bruno, Ferdinando; Samuelson, Lynne A.] USA, Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Natick, MA 01796 USA. RP Nagarajan, S (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM Ramaswamy_Nagarajan@uml.edu NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 17 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 EI 1463-9270 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2009 VL 11 IS 3 BP 334 EP 338 DI 10.1039/b813823k PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 416FD UT WOS:000263990100008 ER PT J AU Arcone, SA AF Arcone, Steven A. BE Jol, HM TI GLACIERS AND ICE SHEETS SO GROUND PENETRATING RADAR THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; HIGH-RESOLUTION RADAR; PULSE RADAR; WEST ANTARCTICA; TEMPERATE GLACIER; INTERNAL LAYERS; BRINE INFILTRATION; BASAL ICE; FIRN; ALASKA C1 USA, ERDC CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Arcone, SA (reprint author), USA, ERDC CRREL, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Steven.a.arcone@usace.army.mil NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-095184-3 PY 2009 BP 361 EP 392 DI 10.1016/B978-0-444-53348-7.00012-0 PG 32 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BEB56 UT WOS:000315997800013 ER PT B AU Brogan, JW AF Brogan, Jesse W. BE Badiru, AB Thomas, MU TI How to Initiate Performance Management Within the US Army SO HANDBOOK OF MILITARY INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING SE Industrial Innovation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Brogan, JW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6628-9 J9 IND INNOV SER PY 2009 D2 10.1201/9781420066296 PG 14 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BJX99 UT WOS:000267387000029 ER PT B AU Brogan, JW AF Brogan, Jesse W. BE Badiru, AB Thomas, MU TI The Military Performance Team SO HANDBOOK OF MILITARY INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING SE Industrial Innovation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Brogan, JW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6628-9 J9 IND INNOV SER PY 2009 D2 10.1201/9781420066296 PG 7 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BJX99 UT WOS:000267387000028 ER PT B AU Foote, BL Goerger, SR AF Foote, Bobbie L. Goerger, Simon R. BE Badiru, AB Thomas, MU TI Innovative Techniques and Practical Software Tools for Addressing Military Analytical Problems SO HANDBOOK OF MILITARY INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING SE Industrial Innovation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Goerger, Simon R.] Natl War Coll, Washington, DC USA. [Foote, Bobbie L.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Foote, BL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6628-9 J9 IND INNOV SER PY 2009 D2 10.1201/9781420066296 PG 21 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BJX99 UT WOS:000267387000031 ER PT B AU Hodgson, TJ Spivey, WO Trainor, TE Williams, MK AF Hodgson, Thom J. Spivey, W. Owen Trainor, Tim E. Williams, Michael K. BE Badiru, AB Thomas, MU TI The Deployment Analysis Network Tool Extended (DANTE) SO HANDBOOK OF MILITARY INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING SE Industrial Innovation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Hodgson, Thom J.] N Carolina State Univ, Fitts Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Spivey, W. Owen] Combat Dev Engn Field Off, Ft Eustis, VA USA. [Williams, Michael K.] JDPAC, Transportat Engn Agcy, Scott AFB, IL USA. [Williams, Michael K.] SDDCTEA, Scott AFB, IL USA. [Trainor, Tim E.] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, New York, NY USA. RP Hodgson, TJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Fitts Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6628-9 J9 IND INNOV SER PY 2009 D2 10.1201/9781420066296 PG 15 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BJX99 UT WOS:000267387000019 ER PT B AU Hodgson, TJ Melendez, B Thoney, KA Trainor, TE AF Hodgson, Thom J. Melendez, Barbra Thoney, Kristin A. Trainor, Tim E. BE Badiru, AB Thomas, MU TI The Deployment Scheduling Analysis Tool (DSAT) SO HANDBOOK OF MILITARY INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING SE Industrial Innovation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Hodgson, Thom J.] N Carolina State Univ, Fitts Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Melendez, Barbra] US Mil Acad, Dept Math, New York, NY USA. [Trainor, Tim E.] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, New York, NY USA. [Thoney, Kristin A.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Text, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Hodgson, TJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Fitts Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6628-9 J9 IND INNOV SER PY 2009 D2 10.1201/9781420066296 PG 19 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BJX99 UT WOS:000267387000018 ER PT B AU Watson, A Opresko, D Young, R Hauschild, V King, J Bakshi, K AF Watson, Annetta Opresko, Dennis Young, Robert Hauschild, Veronique King, Joseph Bakshi, Kulbir BE Gupta, RC TI Organophosphate Nerve Agents SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LEVEL INHALATION EXPOSURE; CHEMICAL-WARFARE AGENTS; SARIN VAPOR; GUINEA-PIGS; LONG-TERM; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; CHOLINESTERASE-INHIBITORS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; HIPPOCAMPAL SLICES; INDUCED SEIZURES C1 [Watson, Annetta; Opresko, Dennis; Young, Robert] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Hauschild, Veronique] US Army Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Occupat & Environm Med, Environm Med Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [King, Joseph] US Army Environm Command, ATTN IMAE CDW, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Bakshi, Kulbir] CNR, Comm Toxicol, Board Environm Studies & Technol, Washington, DC 20418 USA. RP Watson, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1060 Commerce Pk Dr, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 202 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 9780-0-80-92273-7; 978-0-12-374484-5 PY 2009 BP 43 EP 67 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374484-5.00006-7 PG 25 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BFT95 UT WOS:000321306800007 ER PT J AU Anderson, J Williams, PT Katos, AM Krasna, M Burrows, W Hilmas, CJ AF Anderson, Jaime Williams, Patrick T. Katos, Alexandre M. Krasna, Mark Burrows, Whitney Hilmas, Corey J. BE Gupta, RC TI Botulinum Toxin SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DIFFERENT MOLECULAR SIZES; SYNAPTIC PROTEIN SNAP-25; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; HEAVY-CHAIN; ORAL TOXICITIES; NEUROTOXIN-A; FOODBORNE BOTULISM; SERUM THERAPY; UNITED-STATES; LIGHT-CHAIN AB Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author(s) and are not necessarily endorsed by the US Army. C1 [Anderson, Jaime] US Army, Vet Corps, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. [Anderson, Jaime] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. [Williams, Patrick T.; Hilmas, Corey J.] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. [Katos, Alexandre M.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Neurobehav Toxicol Branch, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. [Krasna, Mark] St Joseph Med Ctr, Inst Canc, Towson, MD 21204 USA. [Burrows, Whitney] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Greenebaum Canc Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Burrows, Whitney] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Anderson, J (reprint author), US Army, Vet Corps, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. NR 143 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 9780-0-80-92273-7 PY 2009 BP 407 EP 432 DI 10.1016/B978-012374484-5.00030-4 PG 26 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BFT95 UT WOS:000321306800031 ER PT J AU Hilmas, CJ Katos, AM Williams, PT Anderson, J AF Hilmas, Corey J. Katos, Alexandre M. Williams, Patrick T. Anderson, Jaime BE Gupta, RC TI Anthrax SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TOXIN PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; PROTEIN-KINASE KINASE; LETHAL FACTOR CLEAVES; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; DENDRITIC CELLS AB Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author(s) and are not necessarily endorsed by the US Army. C1 [Hilmas, Corey J.; Williams, Patrick T.] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. [Katos, Alexandre M.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Neurobehav Toxicol Branch, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. [Anderson, Jaime] US Army, Vet Corps, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. [Anderson, Jaime] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. RP Hilmas, CJ (reprint author), US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Apg Ea, MD 21201 USA. NR 194 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 9780-0-80-92273-7 PY 2009 BP 433 EP 459 DI 10.1016/B978-012374484-5.00031-6 PG 27 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BFT95 UT WOS:000321306800032 ER PT J AU Zoltani, CK AF Zoltani, Csaba K. BE Gupta, RC TI Cardiovascular System as a Target of Chemical Warfare Agents SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VASOACTIVE-INTESTINAL-PEPTIDE; PIG PAPILLARY-MUSCLES; TORSADE-DE-POINTES; LONG-QT-SYNDROME; GUINEA-PIG; CARDIAC REPOLARIZATION; INDUCED PROLONGATION; ARSENIC TRIOXIDE; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES; ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS COMPOUND AB The views and opinions expressed are the author's and do not constitute official views of the US Department of the Army. C1 [Zoltani, Csaba K.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 120 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 9780-0-80-92273-7 PY 2009 BP 493 EP 507 DI 10.1016/B978-012374484-5.00034-1 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BFT95 UT WOS:000321306800035 ER PT J AU Gearhart, JM Robinson, PJ Jakubowski, EM AF Gearhart, Jeffery M. Robinson, Peter J. Jakubowski, Edward M. BE Gupta, RC TI Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Chemical Warfare Agents SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PHARMACODYNAMIC MODEL; EXPOSURE; SOMAN; SARIN C1 [Gearhart, Jeffery M.; Robinson, Peter J.] Air Force Res Lab, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Jakubowski, Edward M.] US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT TN, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Gearhart, JM (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Bldg 837,2729 R St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 9780-0-80-92273-7 PY 2009 BP 791 EP 798 DI 10.1016/B978-012374484-5.00051-1 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BFT95 UT WOS:000321306800052 ER PT J AU Gordon, RK Clarkson, ED AF Gordon, Richard K. Clarkson, Edward D. BE Gupta, RC TI Rapid Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents SO HANDBOOK OF TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HAIRLESS GUINEA-PIG; SKIN IN-VITRO; SULFUR MUSTARD; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; SPLASH DECONTAMINATION; SOMAN TOXICITY; ADULT-RATS; PENETRATION; MODEL C1 [Gordon, Richard K.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Regulated Labs, Div Regulated Act, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Clarkson, Edward D.] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Def, Med Toxicol Branch, Analyt Toxicol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Gordon, RK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Regulated Labs, Div Regulated Act, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 89 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 9780-0-80-92273-7 PY 2009 BP 1069 EP 1081 DI 10.1016/B978-012374484-5.00071-7 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BFT95 UT WOS:000321306800072 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA Fecht, W Brunt, EM Neuschwander-Tetri, BA AF Harrison, Stephen A. Fecht, Will Brunt, Elizabeth M. Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent A. TI Orlistat for Overweight Subjects with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Randomized, Prospective Trial SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; WEIGHT-REDUCTION; SCORING SYSTEM; NASH; IMPROVEMENT; VALIDATION; ADIPOKINES; PLACEBO; OBESITY AB The aim of this study was to determine if orlistat, an inhibitor of fat absorption, combined with caloric restriction in overweight subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis results in weight loss and improved liver histology. Fifty overweight subjects (body mass index = >= 27) with biopsy proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis were randomized to receive a 1,400 Kcal/day diet plus vitamin E (800 IU) daily with or without orlistat (120 mg three times a day) for 36 weeks. Liver biopsies were repeated at week 36. Twenty-three subjects in the orlistat/diet/vitamin E group and 18 in the diet/vitamin E group completed the study. The mean age was 47 +/- 9.0 (standard deviation) years and mean body mass index was 36.4 +/- 6.3 kg/m(2). Four subjects were diabetic. The orlistat group lost a mean of 8.3% body weight compared to 6.0% in the diet plus vitamin E group (not significant). Both groups also had similarly improved serum aminotransferases, hepatic steatosis, necroinflammation, ballooning, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity scores. Stratified according to weight loss instead of treatment group, a loss of >= 5% body weight (n = 24) compared to <5% body weight (n = 17) correlated with improvement in insulin sensitivity (P = 0.001) and steatosis (P = 0.015). Comparing subjects who lost >= 9% of body weight (n = 16), to those that did not (n = 25), improved insulin sensitivity (P < 0.001), adiponectin (P = 0.03), steatosis (P = 0.005), ballooning (P = 0.04), inflammation (P = 0.045), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (P = 0.009) were seen. Increases in adiponectin strongly correlated with improved ballooning and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (P = 0.03). Orlistat did not enhance weight loss or improve liver enzymes, measures of insulin resistance, and histopathology. However, subjects who lost >= 5% of body weight over 9 months improved insulin resistance and steatosis, and those subjects who lost >= 9% also achieved improved hepatic histologic changes. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:80-86.) C1 [Harrison, Stephen A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med Gastroenterol & Hepatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Fecht, Will] Indiana Gastroenterol Inc, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Brunt, Elizabeth M.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO USA. [Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent A.] St Louis Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM stephen.harrison@amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 188 Z9 196 U1 3 U2 12 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 80 EP 86 DI 10.1002/hep.22575 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 389WX UT WOS:000262127400012 PM 19053049 ER PT J AU Sloop, JC Jackson, JL Schmidt, RD AF Sloop, Joseph C. Jackson, James L. Schmidt, Robert D. TI Microwave-Mediated Pyrazole Fluorinations Using Selectfluor (R) SO HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; HETEROCYCLES; INHIBITORS; RINGS AB Microwave-mediated electrophilic fluorinations and a new single-pot condensation en route to ring-fluorinated pyrazoles were examined: [GRAPHICS] The monofluorination by these methods was successful for a variety of pyrazoles, with yields ranging from 13% to 75%. While electrophilic aromatic fluorination of 3-CF(3) pyrazoles proved largely ineffective, development of a single-pot process overcame this limitation. The microwave-mediated reaction is regioselective; ring fluorination of the heterocycle occurs preferentially over phenyl and alkyl substituents. Alkyl side chain fluorination, when desired, can be modulated by reactant ratios. The single-pot method, which involves acid catalysis by H-TEDA, produces 4-fluoropyrazoles products. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 20:341-345, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20556 C1 [Sloop, Joseph C.] Georgia Gwinnett Coll, Sch Sci & Technol, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 USA. [Jackson, James L.] US Mil Acad, Dept Chem, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Schmidt, Robert D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Sloop, JC (reprint author), Georgia Gwinnett Coll, Sch Sci & Technol, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 USA. EM jsloop@ggc.edu RI Schmidt, Robert/F-9465-2011; OI Sloop, Joseph/0000-0001-7639-0234 FU U.S. Military Academy Faculty Research Fund FX Contract grant sponsor: U.S. Military Academy Faculty Research Fund. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1042-7163 J9 HETEROATOM CHEM JI Heteroatom Chem. PY 2009 VL 20 IS 6 BP 341 EP 345 DI 10.1002/hc.20556 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 533LV UT WOS:000272826300004 ER PT S AU Elliott, LR Coovert, MD Redden, ES AF Elliott, Linda R. Coovert, Michael D. Redden, Elizabeth S. BE Jacko, JA TI Overview of Meta-analyses Investigating Vibrotactile versus Visual Display Options SO HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION, PT II: NOVEL INTERACTION METHODS AND TECHNIQUES SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction CY JUL 19-24, 2009 CL San Diego, CA DE Tactile; Visual; Display; Interface; Design; Military; Army; Attention management; Spatial orientation; Navigation; Communication ID TACTILE; PERFORMANCE; FEEDBACK AB The literature is replete with studies that investigated the effectiveness of vibrotactile displays; however, individual Studies in this area often yield discrepant findings that are difficult to synthesize. In this paper, we provide In overview of a comprehensive review of the literature and meta-analyses that organized studies to enable comparisons of visual and tactile presentations of information, to yield information useful to researchers and designers. Over six hundred studies were initially reviewed and coded along numerous criteria that determined appropriateness for meta-analysis categories. Comparisons were made between conditions that compared (a) adding a tactile cue to a baseline condition, (b) a visual cue with a multimodal (visual and tactile) presentation, and (c) a Visual Cue with a tactile Cue. In addition, we further categorized within these comparisons with regard to type of information, that ranged from simple alerts and single direction Cues to more complex tactile patterns representing spatial orientation or short communications. C1 [Elliott, Linda R.; Redden, Elizabeth S.] USA, Res Lab, Infantry Ctr, Ft Benning, GA USA. [Coovert, Michael D.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. RP Elliott, LR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Infantry Ctr, Ft Benning, GA USA. EM linda.r.elliott@us.army.mil; m.coovert@gmail.com; elizabeth.redden@us.army.mil NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-642-02576-1 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2009 VL 5611 BP 435 EP + PN II PG 5 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BKR19 UT WOS:000268998000047 ER PT J AU Yang, JZ Abdel-Malek, K AF Yang, Jingzhou (James) Abdel-Malek, Karim TI Human Reach Envelope and Zone Differentiation for Ergonomic Design SO HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS IN MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article ID WORKSPACE; MANIPULATORS; ROBOT; SERIAL; MODEL AB In human-centric design, the human reach envelope is one of the most important components to help layout design for workstations, vehicles. and aircrafts. It also call help people to study the range of motion of different body segments. Various methods have been developed to determine human reach envelopes. This article presents different methods and common challenges. Human reach envelopes only give feedback concerning, whether a Point is reachable. This is not enough for the designers. The more important information the designers need to know is the zones with different discomfort levels. This capability is a powerful tool for ergonomic designers. In addition, a methodology for workspace solid zone differentiation or surface zone differentiation in the three-dimensional space is presented. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Yang, Jingzhou (James)] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Abdel-Malek, Karim] Univ Iowa, Ctr Comp Aided Design, US Army Virtual Soldier Res, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA. RP Yang, JZ (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM james.yang@ttu.edu RI Yang, James/G-9801-2012 FU US Army TACOM; Caterpillar Inc FX This work was partly supported by the projects from US Army TACOM and Caterpillar Inc. The authors would like to thank VSR Program members for their contributions. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1090-8471 J9 HUM FACTORS ERGONOM JI Hum. Factors Ergon. Manuf. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 15 EP 34 DI 10.1002/hfm.20135 PG 20 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Ergonomics SC Engineering GA 390HF UT WOS:000262154200002 ER PT J AU Sun, W Cunningham, D Wasserman, SS Perry, J Putnak, JR Eckels, KH Vaughn, DW Thomas, SJ Kanesa-Thasan, N Innis, BL Edelman, R AF Sun, Wellington Cunningham, Dennis Wasserman, Steven S. Perry, Judith Putnak, J. Robert Eckels, Kenneth H. Vaughn, David W. Thomas, Stephen J. Kanesa-Thasan, Niranjan Innis, Bruce L. Edelman, Robert TI Phase 2 clinical trial of three formulations of tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine in flavivirus-naive adults SO HUMAN VACCINES LA English DT Article DE dengue; tetravalent vaccine; Phase 2 clinical trial ID CANDIDATE VACCINES; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; VIRUS-VACCINES; IMMUNOGENICITY; SAFETY; CHILDREN; MONKEYS; CELLS AB Sixteen dose formulations of our live-attenuated tetravalent dengue virus vaccines (TDV) were previously evaluated for safety and immunogenicity. Two of the sixteen candidate TDV formulations (Formulations 13 and 14) were selected for further evaluation. A new TDV formulation, Formulation 17, using a higher primary dog kidney (PDK) cell passage Dengue-1 virus (DENV-1) and a lower PDK cell passage DENV-4, was developed to optimize the neutralizing antibody response. All three formulations consist of combinations of 10exp3-5 pfu/dose of the four dengue vaccine virus serotypes. This double-blind, randomized trial in 71 healthy adult subjects evaluated vaccine safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity. TDV's were given subcutaneously in the deltoid on Day 0 and 180 (6 months). Subjects were seen in clinic on Study Days 0, 10, 28, 180, 190 and 208 and filled out daily symptom diaries for 21 days after each vaccination. Formulation 13 was the most reactogenic, while both Formulations 14 and 17 were similar in reported reactions. Seventy-five percent, 31% and 31% of subjects were viremic on Day 10 after primary vaccination with Formulations 13, 14 and 17 respectively. Viremia was not detected in any subject following the second dose of vaccine. The immunogenicity endpoint was neutralizing antibody titer one month after the second vaccination. Thirty-six percent, 40% and 63% of vaccinated subjects developed tetravalent neutralizing antibodies after two doses of Formulations 13, 14 and 17, respectively. Formulation 17 was selected for further clinical evaluation based on this study. C1 [Sun, Wellington; Putnak, J. Robert; Vaughn, David W.; Thomas, Stephen J.; Kanesa-Thasan, Niranjan] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Cunningham, Dennis; Wasserman, Steven S.; Edelman, Robert] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Cunningham, Dennis; Wasserman, Steven S.; Edelman, Robert] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Perry, Judith] Univ Maryland, Univ Hlth Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Eckels, Kenneth H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Innis, Bruce L.] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, King Of Prussia, PA USA. RP Sun, W (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM wks4@cdc.gov FU U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity FX The study was supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD NR 19 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 8 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1002 WEST AVENUE, 2ND FLOOR, AUSTIN, TX 78701 USA SN 1554-8619 J9 HUM VACCINES JI Hum. Vaccines PD JAN PY 2009 VL 5 IS 1 BP 33 EP 40 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 399QZ UT WOS:000262815700007 PM 18670195 ER PT S AU Crosby, AW AF Crosby, Alfred W. BE Codignola, L Schrogl, KU TI Micro-organisms and extraterrestrial travel SO HUMANS IN OUTER SPACE - INTERDISCIPLINARY ODYSSEYS SE Studies in Space Policy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Crosby, Alfred W.] USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Crosby, AW (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 1868-5307 BN 978-3-211-87464-6 J9 STUD SPACE POLICY PY 2009 VL 1 BP 6 EP 13 D2 10.1007/978-3-211-87465-3 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Humanities, Multidisciplinary; Political Science; Public Administration SC Engineering; Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; Government & Law; Public Administration GA BJZ57 UT WOS:000267537600002 ER PT B AU Kohlberg, I McMillan, RW von Laven, SA AF Kohlberg, I. McMillan, R. W. von Laven, S. A. GP IEEE TI Computation of IEMI Fields Through Layered Media Using the Radiation Principle SO ICEAA: 2009 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTROMAGNETICS IN ADVANCED APPLICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA 2009) CY SEP 14-18, 2009 CL Torino, ITALY AB Exact three-dimensional solutions for secondary sources using the unique mathematical properties of the dyadic Green's function are presented. Applying the radiation condition, this analysis additionally focuses on cases where the lateral distance between source and field point is much greater than the wavelength. C1 [Kohlberg, I.] Kohlberg Associates, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [McMillan, R. W.] US Army Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. [von Laven, S. A.] Amtec Corp, Huntsville, AL 35816 USA. RP Kohlberg, I (reprint author), Kohlberg Associates, Reston, VA 20190 USA. EM ira.kohlberg@gmail.com NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3385-8 PY 2009 BP 894 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BOY29 UT WOS:000278037600229 ER PT B AU Kosko, N Gilman, J White, D AF Kosko, Nancy Gilman, Janet White, Debbie GP ASME TI PERFORMANCE-BASED ACQUISITION: A TOOL TO REDUCE COSTS AND IMPROVE PERFORMANCE AT US ARMY ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION SITES SO ICEM2007: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, PTS A AND B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management CY SEP 02-06, 2007 CL Bruges, BELGIUM AB The US Army, like most US federal and state environmental organizations, is faced with limited resources to conduct environmental work, an increasing workload, and challenges in achieving closeout of its environmental cleanup programs. In 2001, in air effort to incorporate proven private sector tools into federal cleanup programs, the Department of Defense (DoD) Business Initiative Council (BIC), initiated the use of Performance-Based Acquisition (PBA) for environmental cleanup. Since fiscal year 2000, the US Army Environmental Command (USAEC) has successfully awarded more than 55 performance-based contracts for environmental remediation. These contracts range in size from $500,000 to $52.4 million, and include closing properties (Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC)) and some of the US Army's most complex active installations. The contracts address a range of activities including investigation through monitoring and site completion, as well as various technical challenges including dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) in ground water, karst systems, munitions and explosives of concern, and biological agents. The contracts are most often firm-fixed price, and 50 percent of the contracts required contractors to purchase environmental insurance in the form of remediation stop loss insurance (also known as cleanup cost cap insurance). The USAEC has conducted continuous process improvement since inception of the initiative. This paper presents results of two studies that were conducted in 2005-2006 to determine what lessons learned can be applied to future activities and to measure performance of contractors currently executing work under the performance based contracts. C1 [Kosko, Nancy] USA, Environm Command, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Kosko, N (reprint author), USA, Environm Command, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4339-0 PY 2009 BP 167 EP 173 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BKQ11 UT WOS:000268927100025 ER PT S AU Ranganathan, A Dellaert, F AF Ranganathan, Ananth Dellaert, Frank GP IEEE TI Bayesian Surprise and Landmark Detection SO ICRA: 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation-ICRA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation CY MAY 12-17, 2009 CL Kobe, JAPAN SP IEEE ID SIMULTANEOUS LOCALIZATION AB Automatic detection of landmarks, usually special places in the environment such as gateways, for topological mapping has proven to be a difficult task. We present the use of Bayesian surprise, introduced in computer vision, for landmark detection. Further, we provide a novel hierarchical, graphical model for the appearance of a place and use this model to perform surprise-based landmark detection. Our scheme is agnostic to the sensor type, and we demonstrate this by implementing a simple laser model for computing surprise. We evaluate our landmark detector using appearance and laser measurements in the context of a topological mapping algorithm, thus demonstrating the practical applicability of the detector. C1 [Ranganathan, Ananth] USA, Honda Res Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Ranganathan, A (reprint author), USA, Honda Res Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. EM aranganathan@honda-ri.com; dellaert@cc.gatech.edu NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1050-4729 BN 978-1-4244-2788-8 J9 IEEE INT CONF ROBOT PY 2009 BP 1240 EP 1246 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics GA BOB06 UT WOS:000276080400201 ER PT S AU Lazarus, N Bedair, S Lo, C Fedder, G AF Lazarus, N. Bedair, S. Lo, C. Fedder, G. GP IEEE TI CMOS-MEMS CAPACITIVE HUMIDITY SENSOR SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS 2009) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 25-29, 2009 CL Sorrento, ITALY SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc AB This paper reports a method for improving the sensitivity of integrated capacitive chemical sensors by removing the underlying substrate. The sensor is integrated with CMOS testing electronics using mask-less post-processing followed by inkjet deposition of sensitive polymer. This technique is demonstrated with a humidity sensor but could be used for other types of analytes. The measured sensitivity is 0.18% change in capacitance per percent relative humidity, a factor of four improvement over previous integrated capacitive sensors. C1 [Lazarus, N.; Fedder, G.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Bedair, S.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Lo, C.] Maxim Integrated Products, San Jose, CA USA. RP Lazarus, N (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Fedder, Gary/I-7081-2013 OI Fedder, Gary/0000-0002-2380-5210 FU NIOSH/CDC [200-2002-00528]; AFOSR [FA9550-07-1-0245] FX The authors thank Lawrence Shultz and Lee Weiss for advice and assistance with inkjetting and Suresh Santhanam and the Carnegie Mellon Nanofabrication facility for the post CMOS processing. This work is funded in part by NIOSH/CDC (contract 200-2002-00528) and AFOSR grant FA9550-07-1-0245. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-4244-2978-3 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2009 BP 268 EP 271 DI 10.1109/MEMSYS.2009.4805370 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB1WX UT WOS:000341431500067 ER PT S AU Judy, DC Pulskamp, JS Polcawich, RG Currano, L AF Judy, D. C. Pulskamp, J. S. Polcawich, R. G. Currano, L. GP IEEE TI PIEZOELECTRIC NANOSWITCH SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS 2009) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 25-29, 2009 CL Sorrento, ITALY SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc ID ACTUATORS AB This paper details the design, fabrication, and measurement of a nano-scale mechanical switch. The switch uses lead zirconate titanate (PZT) actuators fabricated on silicon wafers and is intended to realize very low leakage complimentary mechanical logic elements. The switches were fabricated using an eleven step electron beam process using a novel dual electron beam photo resist technique to create gold air bridges. A normally closed switch was successfully demonstrated with switching times as fast as 17ns, operating as low as 6 volt actuation. C1 [Judy, D. C.; Pulskamp, J. S.; Polcawich, R. G.; Currano, L.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Judy, DC (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-4244-2978-3 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2009 BP 591 EP 594 DI 10.1109/MEMSYS.2009.4805451 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB1WX UT WOS:000341431500148 ER PT S AU Pulskamp, JS Judy, DC Polcawich, RG Kaul, R Chandrahalim, H Bhave, SA AF Pulskamp, J. S. Judy, D. C. Polcawich, R. G. Kaul, R. Chandrahalim, H. Bhave, S. A. GP IEEE TI MONOLITHICALLY INTEGRATED PIEZOMEMS SP2T SWITCH AND CONTOUR-MODE FILTERS SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS 2009) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 25-29, 2009 CL Sorrento, ITALY SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc ID ACTUATORS AB This paper provides the first experimental demonstration of monolithically integrated piezoelectric MEMS RF switches with contour mode filters. Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films are utilized to enable both low-voltage switch operation and filter tunability. This research leverages previous work using PZT actuators for low-voltage, wide-band switches and PZT transduced silicon resonators. The two device technologies are combined using a hybrid fabrication process that combines the key components of each device fabrication into a single unified process using silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates. The voltage tunable and switchable PiezoMEMS filter array provides a drop-in solution for frequency-agile channel selectivity. C1 [Pulskamp, J. S.; Judy, D. C.; Polcawich, R. G.; Kaul, R.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Chandrahalim, H.; Bhave, S. A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Pulskamp, JS (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RI Chandrahalim, Hengky/F-1475-2016 OI Chandrahalim, Hengky/0000-0003-1930-1359 NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-4244-2978-3 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2009 BP 900 EP 903 DI 10.1109/MEMSYS.2009.4805529 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB1WX UT WOS:000341431500225 ER PT S AU Bronson, JR Pulskamp, JS Polcawich, RG Kroninger, CM Wetzel, ED AF Bronson, J. R. Pulskamp, J. S. Polcawich, R. G. Kroninger, C. M. Wetzel, E. D. GP IEEE TI PZT MEMS ACTUATED FLAPPING WINGS FOR INSECT- INSPIRED ROBOTICS SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS 2009) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 25-29, 2009 CL Sorrento, ITALY SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc ID FLIGHT AB This paper presents microfabricated flapping-wings for insect-inspired flying robots. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of any such MEMS devices for this application. This work is a component of on-going efforts by the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) in developing millimeter-scale robotic platforms using thin-film lead zirconium titanate (PZT) actuators. Micromachined wing-structures have been successfully fabricated and this report presents experimental results of flapping frequency and stroke-amplitude from a set of wing designs varying in material composition and dimensions. These results establish the feasibility of achieving stroke amplitudes comparable to insects with PiezoMEMS technology. C1 [Bronson, J. R.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Pulskamp, J. S.; Polcawich, R. G.; Kroninger, C. M.; Wetzel, E. D.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bronson, JR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-4244-2978-3 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2009 BP 1047 EP 1050 DI 10.1109/MEMSYS.2009.4805566 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB1WX UT WOS:000341431500262 ER PT S AU McCarthy, M Waits, CM Beyaz, MI Ghodssi, R AF McCarthy, M. Waits, C. M. Beyaz, M. I. Ghodssi, R. GP IEEE TI A ROTARY MICROACTUATOR SUPPORTED ON ENCAPSULATED MICROBALL BEARINGS USING AN ELECTRO-PNEUMATIC THRUST BALANCE SO IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS 2009) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 25-29, 2009 CL Sorrento, ITALY SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc AB The development of a rotary microactuator supported on encapsulated microball bearings and driven by electro-pneumatic actuation is reported. The encapsulated bearing provides full support to an encased rotor, while an electro-pneumatic thrust balance is used to minimize normal load, and therefore bearing friction. Experimental results show excellent agreement with predictions, demonstrating the ability to operate at optimal normal loads up to 2000rpm. This is the first demonstration of a ball bearing supported electrostatic microactuator with a fully encased rotor, capable of being integrated within practical microsystems. The fully-supported rotor allows for direct mechanical attachment or reliable interaction with external media and is a necessity for useful implementation. C1 [McCarthy, M.; Beyaz, M. I.; Ghodssi, R.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Waits, C. M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP McCarthy, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory [CA# W91 INF- 05- 2- 0026] FX This work was supported by the U.S.Army Research Laboratory under Grant No. CA# W91 INF-05-2-0026. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-4244-2978-3 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2009 BP 1095 EP 1098 DI 10.1109/MEMSYS.2009.4805578 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BB1WX UT WOS:000341431500274 ER PT J AU Dorsey, WM Zaghloul, AI Parent, MG AF Dorsey, W. Mark Zaghloul, Amir I. Parent, Mark G. TI Perturbed Square-Ring Slot Antenna With Reconfigurable Polarization SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Printed circuit antennas; square ring slot; switchable polarization ID SWITCHABLE POLARIZATION; CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION; MICROSTRIP ANTENNA; PATCH ANTENNA; DESIGN AB A perturbed slot with reconfigurable polarization that allows operation in left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), or linear polarization (LP) is presented. This antenna topology is well suited for wireless communications applications requiring polarization diversity since it provides the ability to switch between the three polarization states. This design is realizable in cost-effective printed circuit board technology, making it an attractive design for low-cost personal communications devices. An element was simulated, built, and tested to illustrate the electromagnetic polarization properties of each polarization state. While the simulation includes p-i-n diode switches, the measurements only use manual switching to prove the concept. C1 [Dorsey, W. Mark; Zaghloul, Amir I.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dorsey, W. Mark] USN, Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dorsey, WM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM dorsey@radar.nrl.navy.mil; amirz@vt.edu; parent@radar.nrl.navy.mil NR 14 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1225 EI 1548-5757 J9 IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR JI IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. PY 2009 VL 8 BP 603 EP 606 DI 10.1109/LAWP.2009.2022286 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 470ZC UT WOS:000268020000033 ER PT J AU Zaghloul, AI Dong, JW AF Zaghloul, Amir I. Dong, Junwei TI A Concept for a Lens Configuration for 360 degrees Scanning SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Beamforming; microwave lens; wide-angle scanning AB A concept is presented for a lens configuration that produces scanned beams over the full azimuth angular domain of 360 degrees. Conventional microwave lenses produce scanned beams over limited angular range that is less than +/-90 degrees. A number of beam ports transmit signals to illuminate a number of receive ports with an aperture amplitude and phase tapers. The receive ports are in turn connected to a radiating aperture with transmission lines of prescribed lengths. This concept uses the beam ports and the receive ports in an interleaving sequence such that adjacent ports alternate beam and receive functions. The result is a lens that produces scanned beams on opposite sides of the structure, resulting in a 360 degrees scanning range. The structure can use multiple opposing facets or continuous circular port and radiating element contours. The multiple opposing facets make the radiating structure in the form of a polygon, while the circular contour will produce a circular array structure. The concept may be extended to three-dimensional conformal arrays with three-dimensional scanning. C1 [Zaghloul, Amir I.; Dong, Junwei] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zaghloul, AI (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM amirz@vt.edu; djwei@vt.edu NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1536-1225 J9 IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR JI IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. PY 2009 VL 8 BP 985 EP 988 DI 10.1109/LAWP.2009.2030137 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 494TT UT WOS:000269841300009 ER PT S AU Liu, A Ning, P Wang, C AF Liu, An Ning, Peng Wang, Cliff GP IEEE TI Lightweight Remote Image Management for Secure Code Dissemination in Wireless Sensor Networks SO IEEE INFOCOM 2009 - IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE INFOCOM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE INFOCOM Conference 2009 CY APR 19-25, 2009 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP IEEE AB Wireless sensor networks are considered ideal candidates for a wide range of applications. It is desirable and sometimes necessary to reprogram sensor nodes through wireless links after they are deployed to remove bugs or add new functionalities. Several approaches (e.g., Seluge, Sluice) have been proposed recently for secure code dissemination in wireless sensor networks, all as security extensions to the state-of-the-art code dissemination system named Deluge. However, existing approaches all focused on securing the propagation of code images, but overlooked the security vulnerabilities in other image management aspects such as rebooting and erasing code images. In this paper, we identify the security vulnerabilities in epidemic image management in all existing solutions to secure code dissemination in wireless sensor networks. Such vulnerabilities allow an attacker to reboot a sensor network to undesirable images or erase critical images, exposing the network to security risks. We then develop a sequence of lightweight techniques to address these vulnerabilities. Our approach takes into consideration the limited resources on current sensor platforms, and removes the security vulnerabilities without introducing significant overhead. To evaluate the feasibility of our approach, we implement the proposed approach as a remote image management system named Seluge-ImageMan, which is intended to work with Seluge, a security extension to Deluge for injecting new code images. We perform a substantial set of experiments in the WiSeNeT sensor testbed, which consists of 72 MicaZ motes, to assess the performance overhead of Seluge-ImageMan. The experimental results indicate that our approach introduces very light overhead while completing the secure remote code image management solution for wireless sensor networks. C1 [Liu, An; Ning, Peng] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Wang, Cliff] US Army, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Liu, A (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM aliu3@ncsu.edu; pning@ncsu.edu; cliff.wang@us.army.mil RI Liu, An/A-8003-2012 FU National Science Foundation [CNS-0721424, CAREER-0447761]; Army Research Office under Wang's staff research [W911NF-04-D-0003] FX This work is supported by the National Science Foundation under grants CNS-0721424 and CAREER-0447761, and by Army Research Office under Wangs staff research grant W911NF-04-D-0003. The contents of this paper do not necessarily reflect the position or the policies of the U.S. Government. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-166X BN 978-1-4244-3512-8 J9 IEEE INFOCOM SER PY 2009 BP 1242 EP + DI 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062038 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BNS10 UT WOS:000275366200139 ER PT S AU Anandkumar, A Wang, M Tong, L Swami, A AF Anandkumar, Animashree Wang, Meng Tong, Lang Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Prize-Collecting Data Fusion for Cost-Performance Tradeoff in Distributed Inference SO IEEE INFOCOM 2009 - IEEE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE INFOCOM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE INFOCOM Conference 2009 CY APR 19-25, 2009 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP IEEE DE Optimal Node Selection; Sensor Networks; In-network Aggregation; Detection; Prize-Collecting Steiner Tree ID SENSOR NETWORKS AB A novel formulation for optimal sensor selection and in-network fusion for distributed inference known as the prize-collecting data fusion (PCDF) is proposed in terms of optimal tradeoff between the costs of aggregating the selected set of sensor measurements and the resulting inference performance at the fusion center. For i.i.d. measurements, PCDF reduces to the prize-collecting Steiner tree (PCST) with the single-letter Kullback-Leibler divergence as the penalty at each node, as the number of nodes goes to infinity. PCDF is then analyzed under a correlation model specified by a Markov random field (MRF) with a given dependency graph. For a special class of dependency graphs, a constrained version of the PCDF reduces to the PCST on an augmented graph. In this case, an approximation algorithm is given with the approximation ratio depending only on the number of profitable cliques in the dependency graph. Based on these results, two heuristics are proposed for node selection under general correlation structure, and their performance is studied via simulations. C1 [Anandkumar, Animashree; Wang, Meng; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, ECE Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Anandkumar, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, ECE Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM aa332@cornell.edu; mw467@cornell.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu; a.swami@ieee.org FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0435190]; IBM; MIT, Cambridge [MA 02139]; DARPA ITMANET program FX This work was supported in part through the collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011 and by the National Science Foundation under Contract CNS-0435190. The first author is supported by the IBM Ph.D Fellowship for the year 2008-09 and is currently a visiting student at MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139. The fourth author was partially supported by the DARPA ITMANET program. The U. S. Government isauthorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstandingany copyright notation thereon. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-166X BN 978-1-4244-3512-8 J9 IEEE INFOCOM SER PY 2009 BP 2150 EP + DI 10.1109/INFCOM.2009.5062139 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BNS10 UT WOS:000275366201039 ER PT J AU Horowitz, M Levy, EC Okusaga, O Menyuk, CR Zhou, W Carter, GM AF Horowitz, M. Levy, E. C. Okusaga, O. Menyuk, C. R. Zhou, W. Carter, G. M. GP IEEE TI Theoretical and experimental study of single and dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROWAVES, COMMUNICATIONS, ANTENNAS AND ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS (COMCAS 2009) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems (COMCAS) CY NOV 09-11, 2009 CL Tel Aviv, ISRAEL SP IEEE DE Electro-optic devices; Electron optics; Fiber optics; Optical injection locking; Optoelectronic Oscillators ID LOW-PHASE-NOISE; OPTICAL-FIBER; AMPLIFIER AB Optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) are used to generate RF signals in the X-band region with a very low phase noise. These hybrid opto-electronic devices are based on a long optical fiber that forms a very high-Q RF cavity. We have studied theoretically and experimentally single-loop and dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators. Excellent agreement between theory and experiments was obtained. The results indicate that flicker noise limits the performance of long cavity OEOs at low frequencies (<500 Hz). We have also studied physical effects in dual-injection locked OEO. The locking of two OEOs with different cavity lengths enables the generation of signals with a very low noise and with very low spurs. We demonstrate theoretically that it is possible to reduce the first spur level by more than 20 dB in compare with that obtained in current experiments. C1 [Horowitz, M.; Levy, E. C.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Okusaga, O.; Menyuk, C. R.; Carter, G. M.] Univ Maryland, Comp Sci & Elec Eng, Baltimore, MD USA. [Okusaga, O.; Zhou, W.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Horowitz, M (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Elect Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM horowitz@ee.technion.ac.il FU DARPA MTO FX This work is supported by DARPA MTO. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3985-0 PY 2009 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BB2RY UT WOS:000342204000090 ER PT J AU McMillan, RW Kohlberg, I AF McMillan, R. W. Kohlberg, Ira GP IEEE TI A PROBABILISTIC MODEL OF THE RADAR SIGNAL-TO-CLUTTER AND NOISE RATIO SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROWAVES, COMMUNICATIONS, ANTENNAS AND ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS (COMCAS 2009) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems (COMCAS) CY NOV 09-11, 2009 CL Tel Aviv, ISRAEL SP IEEE AB We consider four effects relevant to the determination of the ratio of radar signal to clutter and noise. These effects are atmospheric turbulence, target fluctuations based on the Swerling models, zero-mean Gaussian background and receiver noise, and lognormal-distributed clutter. Radar return signal levels are affected by target fluctuations and atmospheric turbulence, characterized by a variant of the Rayleigh distribution and a lognormal distribution, respectively. Since these distributions are not independent and identically distributed (IID), they cannot be simply added, and must be treated by combining them in a manner similar to convolution. Also, clutter and noise are not IID, and must be combined in a similar way. The ratio of these two combinations comprises a probabilistic model of the ratio of radar signal to clutter and noise. This ratio is the probability that a given signal level will be achieved in the presence of atmospheric and target scintillations divided by the probability that a given clutter and noise level will be observed. To determine the ratio of the actual signal to clutter and noise, we must multiply these probabilities by the mean powers in these phenomena, as will be shown later. We treat several cases of interest by varying the average radar cross section, the log intensity standard deviation of turbulence, the radar threshold-to-noise and signal-to-noise ratios, and the distributions of lognormal clutter. C1 [McMillan, R. W.] US Army, Space & Missile Def Command, POB 1500, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. [Kohlberg, Ira] Kohlberg Associates, Reston, VA 20190 USA. RP McMillan, RW (reprint author), US Army, Space & Missile Def Command, POB 1500, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. EM bob.mcmillan@us.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3985-0 PY 2009 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BB2RY UT WOS:000342204000122 ER PT J AU Zaghloul, AI Kilic, O Weiss, SJ Adler, ED AF Zaghloul, Amir I. Kilic, Ozlem Weiss, Steven J. Adler, Eric D. GP IEEE TI Realization of Rotman's Concepts of Beamformer Lenses and Artificial Dielectric Materials SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROWAVES, COMMUNICATIONS, ANTENNAS AND ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS (COMCAS 2009) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronics Systems (COMCAS) CY NOV 09-11, 2009 CL Tel Aviv, ISRAEL SP IEEE DE Rotman lens; beam formers; metamaterials AB The Rotman lens as a passive beam former for antenna arrays and the artificial dielectric material, referred to recently as metamaterial, are two of the key concepts that Walter Rotman proposed. They made significant impact in the areas of antenna arrays and antenna and microwave components. This paper goes into the details of the realizations of the Rotman lens over the years, going from the waveguide-based to the printed-circuit configurations. The paper also discusses the results of some of the metamaterial implementations and features of antenna designs that use such materials. C1 [Zaghloul, Amir I.; Weiss, Steven J.; Adler, Eric D.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Kilic, Ozlem] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Zaghloul, AI (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3985-0 PY 2009 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BB2RY UT WOS:000342204000024 ER PT J AU De Lucia, FC Petkie, DT Everitt, HO AF De Lucia, Frank C. Petkie, Douglas T. Everitt, Henry O. TI A Double Resonance Approach to Submillimeter/Terahertz Remote Sensing at Atmospheric Pressure SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Double resonance; remote sensing; terahertz ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; PULSE GENERATION; (CH3F)-C-13; CO2-LASERS AB The remote sensing of gases in complex mixtures at atmospheric pressure is a challenging problem and much attention has been paid to it. The most fundamental difference between this application and highly successful astrophysical and upper atmospheric remote sensing is the line width associated with atmospheric pressure broadening, similar to 5 GHz in all spectral regions. In this paper, we discuss quantitatively a new approach that would use a short pulse infrared laser to modulate the submillimeter/terahertz (SMM/THz) spectral absorptions on the time scale of atmospheric relaxation. We show that such a scheme has three important attributes. 1) The time resolved pump makes it possible and efficient to separate signal from atmospheric and system clutter, thereby gaining as much as a factor of 10(6) in sensitivity. 2) The 3-D information matrix (infrared pump laser frequency, SMM/THz probe frequency, and time resolved SMM/THz relaxation) can provide orders of magnitude greater specificity than a sensor that uses only one of these three dimensions. 3) The congested and relatively weak spectra associated with large molecules can actually be an asset because the usually deleterious effect of their overlapping spectra can be used to increase signal strength. C1 [De Lucia, Frank C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Petkie, Douglas T.] Wright State Univ, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Everitt, Henry O.] USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP De Lucia, FC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM fcd@mps.ohio-state.edu RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768 NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1-2 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.1109/JQE.2008.912473 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 404NX UT WOS:000263161100019 ER PT J AU Das, NC Taysing-Lara, M Olver, KA Kiamilev, F Prineas, JP Olesberg, JT Koerperick, EJ Murray, LM Boggess, TF AF Das, Naresh Chandra Taysing-Lara, Monica Olver, Kimberley Anderson Kiamilev, Fouad Prineas, J. P. Olesberg, J. T. Koerperick, E. J. Murray, L. M. Boggess, Tom F. TI Flip Chip Bonding of 68 X 68 MWIR LED Arrays SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS PACKAGING MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE CMOS drivers; contact resistance; flip chip bonding; led array ID OHMIC CONTACTS; DEVICE AB The flip chip bonding process is optimized by varying the bonding pressure, temperature, and time. The 68 x 68 mid wave infrared (MWIR) LED array was hybridized onto Si-CMOS driver array with same number of pixels. Each pixel has two indium bumps, one for cathode and another for anode. Both LED array and CMOS drivers have 15-mu m-square Indium bump contact pads. We used Karl Suss FC150 flip chip machine for bonding of CMOS driver array onto LED array. From the LED current-voltage characteristics, it is concluded that the optimized flip chip bonding process results in uniform contact and very low contact resistance. Both electrical and optical characteristics of LED array after flip chip bonding are presented. C1 [Das, Naresh Chandra; Taysing-Lara, Monica] USA, Microphoton Branch, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Olver, Kimberley Anderson] USA, EO IR Mat & Devices Branch, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Kiamilev, Fouad] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Prineas, J. P.; Olesberg, J. T.; Koerperick, E. J.; Murray, L. M.; Boggess, Tom F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Das, NC (reprint author), USA, Microphoton Branch, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ndas@arl.army.mil; tysingl@arl.army.mil; kolver@us.army.mil; kiamilev@att.net; preneas@uiowa.edu; olesberg@uiowa.edu; Koerperick@uiowa.edu; Murray@uiowa.edu; thomas-boggess@uiowa.edu RI Prineas, John/B-8503-2012 OI Prineas, John/0000-0002-3552-1987 NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1521-334X J9 IEEE T ELECTRON PACK JI IEEE Trans. Electron. Packag. Manuf. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 32 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1109/TEPM.2008.2005062 PG 5 WC Engineering, Manufacturing SC Engineering GA 395DK UT WOS:000262502400002 ER PT J AU O'Brien, H Shaheen, W Chiscop, V Scozzie, CJ Koebke, MG AF O'Brien, Heather Shaheen, William Chiscop, Valentin Scozzie, Charles J. Koebke, M. Gail TI Evaluation of Si and SiC SGTOs for High-Action Army Applications SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY JUN 10-13, 2008 CL Victoria, CANADA DE Power semiconductor switches; pulse-shaping circuits; thyristors ID SILICON-CARBIDE THYRISTORS AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has been exploring silicon and silicon carbide supergate turn-off thyristors (SGTOs) for high-power pulse switching required by Army survivability and lethality applications. Silicon SGTOs (3.5 cm(2)) were pulsed at S kA with a half-sine current waveform measuring 1 ms at the base. The recovery time, or T(q), of the devices was evaluated from the point at which the main current pulse fell to zero. Using a driver designed to provide both turn-on and turn-off signals, the T(q) was reduced to 10 mu s. Smaller silicon carbide SGTOs (0.16 cm(2)) were similarly evaluated for wide-pulse performance. They were switched several times at a peak current above 300 A, with an unassisted T(q) time of 30 its. This paper provides details of the aforementioned pulse switching as well as a description of continuing evaluations involving parallel devices and larger test beds. C1 [O'Brien, Heather; Scozzie, Charles J.; Koebke, M. Gail] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Shaheen, William; Chiscop, Valentin] Berkeley Res Associates Inc, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP O'Brien, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hobrien@arl.army.mil NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 402 EP 406 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2008.2008549 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 409AP UT WOS:000263478900040 ER PT J AU Tzeng, JT Moy, P AF Tzeng, Jerome T. Moy, Paul TI Composite Energy Storage Flywheel Design for Fatigue Crack Resistance SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY JUN 10-13, 2008 CL Victoria, CANADA DE Composite; crack; energy storage; fatigue; flywheel; fracture mechanics; strain rate ID PULSED-POWER APPLICATIONS; VISCOELASTIC ANALYSIS; CYLINDERS AB Composite flywheels can be a high-density energy storage device because of the very high specific strength and strength per unit weight. The rotors are fiber reinforced in the circumferential direction to resist centripetal loads resulting from high-speed rotation. A press-fit process is also used to induce precompression in the radial direction that improves mechanical strength by preventing radial separation of rotors. However, this design and fabrication process leaves the radial and axial directions of rotor vulnerable to propagation of fatigue crack growth in the rotor. A semiempirical approach is proposed to enhance the "crack growth" resistance of the rotor. Axial glass plies are incorporated to confine the crack growth through the radius and along the circumferential direction of rotor. The fracture properties of specific hybrid laminates are then measured to provide information required for an optimal rotor design. C1 [Tzeng, Jerome T.; Moy, Paul] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tzeng, JT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jtzeng@arl.army.mil NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 480 EP 484 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2008.2008546 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 409AP UT WOS:000263478900055 ER PT J AU Kathe, E Johnson, M Cote, P AF Kathe, Eric Johnson, Mark Cote, Paul TI Experimental Visualization of Distributed Magnetic Fields of Railguns SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology CY JUN 10-13, 2008 CL Victoria, CANADA DE Experimental visualization; ferrofluid; magnetic fields; railgun AB Electromagnetic launch produces distributed magnetic fields during firing. Data collection and visualization of this field provide a useful diagnostic tool to better understand electromagnetic launcher operation. This paper outlines an effort to visualize these fields during firing. The diagnostic tool is based on a ferrofluid that becomes strongly polarized in the presence of a magnetic field. A commercial off-the-shelf flexible film, incorporating microencapsulated ferrofluid, was draped along the top of a railgun during operation. High-speed video capture of launch provided proof of principle that the dynamics of magnetic field formation could be recorded. Conformal mapping of the video provided quantitative contours for validation of numerical models. C1 [Kathe, Eric; Johnson, Mark] USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. [Cote, Paul] Battelle Mem Inst, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA. RP Kathe, E (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. EM eric.kathe@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 591 EP 593 DI 10.1109/TMAG.2008.2008555 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 409AP UT WOS:000263478900079 ER PT J AU Coulon, M Chabert, M Swami, A AF Coulon, Martial Chabert, Marie Swami, Ananthram TI Detection of Multiple Changes in Fractional Integrated ARMA Processes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Change detection; dynamic programming; FARIMA process; long-range dependence ID LONG-RANGE DEPENDENCE; RESOLUTION; NETWORKS; SIGNALS; MODELS AB This paper addresses the problem of changepoint detection in FARIMA processes. The received signal is modeled as a FARIMA process, with abrupt changes in the Hurst and ARMA parameters. The proposed changepoint detection method first estimates the model parameters over small segments. The changes are then detected in the parameter vector sequence by minimizing an appropriate least-squares criterion. The cases of known, as well as unknown, number of changes are investigated. Dynamic programming is used to solve this optimization problem. A theoretical analysis of the statistical properties of the changepoint estimates is provided. Simulation results on synthetic data and real network traffic data are presented. C1 [Coulon, Martial; Chabert, Marie] INP ENSEEIHT IRIT, F-31071 Toulouse 7, France. [Swami, Ananthram] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Coulon, M (reprint author), INP ENSEEIHT IRIT, BP 7122, F-31071 Toulouse 7, France. EM martial.coulon@enseeiht.fr; marie.chabert@enseeiht.fr; a.swami@ieee.org NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-587X EI 1941-0476 J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 57 IS 1 BP 48 EP 61 DI 10.1109/TSP.2008.2007313 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 395XT UT WOS:000262557500005 ER PT J AU Halstead, JB AF Halstead, John B. TI Recruiter Selection Model and Implementation Within the United States Army SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART C-APPLICATIONS AND REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Data mining application; Industrial and Organizational (IO) psychology; random forest; statistical learning AB On April 10, 2006, Major General Bostick, the Commanding General of the United States Army Recruiting Command (USAREC), in conjunction with the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Manpower and Reserve Affairs, approved a new method of selecting individuals from within the Army for recruiting duty. Implementation currently waits for similar and current research concerning Drill Sergeants. Previously, the Army assigned successful noncommissioned officers (NCOs), regardless of inherent sales and marketing skills, into the recruiting force. The Army learned skills that make a successful combat leader do not always translate well into recruiting duty. This research began in 2001, after recruiting shortages, when the Army began researching recruiter selection methods. The result is an application that combines statistical learning with Industrial and Organizational (10) psychology. The resulting selection model determines the better NCOs for service as detailed recruiters in the United States Army Recruiting Command, a 6000 plus sales force located worldwide. The application enhances 10 psychology by providing a statistical prediction of job performance derived from psychological inventories and biographical data. The application uses a combination of statistical learning, variable selection methods, and 10 psychology to determine the better prediction function approximation with variables obtained from the noncommissioned officer leadership skills inventory (NLSI) and biographical data. The application also creates a methodology for iteratively developing a statistical learning model. We learned that random forest models outperformed support vector regressions and stepwise regression for these data. A greedy algorithm enhanced model generalization by selecting a good subset of prediction variables. The model represents a multimodal relationship primarily between recruiter age, NLSI score, and, to a lesser degree, 34 other variables. The resulting model runs in R statistical language and is controlled within an Excel worksheet environment by using Visual Basic Application language and RExcel. The end product enables general utilization of a statistically elegant model, normally reserved for advanced researchers, engineers, statisticians, and economists. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Halstead, JB (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM john.halstead@usma.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1094-6977 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY C JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C-Appl. Rev. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 39 IS 1 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1109/TSMCC.2008.2001712 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA 392UT UT WOS:000262328400008 ER PT J AU Kosinski, JA Pastore, RA Yang, XM Yang, JS Turner, JA AF Kosinski, John A. Pastore, Robert A., Jr. Yang, Xiaomeng Yang, Jiashi Turner, Joseph A. TI Stress-Induced Frequency Shifts in Langasite Thickness-Mode Resonators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID PLATES AB An this paper, we report on our study of stress-induced effects on thickness vibrations of it langasite plate. The plate is assumed to be doubly rotated, specified by angles phi and theta. The stresses are assumed to be uniform and planar. The first-order perturbation integral as developed by Tiersten for frequency shifts in resonators is used. The dependence of frequency shifts on phi and theta is calculated and examined, and loci of stress-compensation are determined. C1 [Kosinski, John A.; Pastore, Robert A., Jr.] USA, Commun & Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. [Yang, Xiaomeng; Yang, Jiashi; Turner, Joseph A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Engn Mech, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Kosinski, JA (reprint author), USA, Commun & Elect Command, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. EM jyang1@unl.edu RI Turner, Joseph/F-5165-2010 FU Army Research Office [DAAD19-011-044] FX This work was supported by the Army Research Office under DAAD19-011-044. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD JAN PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2009.1012 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 395ZI UT WOS:000262561600015 PM 19213639 ER PT J AU Raymond, DR Marchany, RC Brownfield, MI Midkiff, SF AF Raymond, David R. Marchany, Randy C. Brownfield, Michael I. Midkiff, Scott F. TI Effects of Denial-of-Sleep Attacks on Wireless Sensor Network MAC Protocols SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Medium access control (MAC); wireless security; wireless sensor networks (WSNs) AB Wireless platforms are becoming less expensive and more powerful, enabling the promise of widespread use for everything from health monitoring to military sensing. Like other networks. sensor networks are vulnerable to malicious attack. However, the hardware simplicity of these devices makes defense mechanisms designed for traditional networks infeasible. This paper explores the denial-of-sleep attack, in which a sensor node's power supply is targeted. Attacks of this type can reduce the sensor lifetime from years to days and have a devastating impact on a sensor network. This paper classifies sensor network denial-of-sleep attacks in terms of an attacker's knowledge of the medium access control (MAC) layer protocol and ability to bypass authentication and encryption protocols. Attacks from each classification are then modeled to show the impacts on four sensor network MAC protocols, i.e., Sensor MAC (S-MAC), Timeout MAC (T-MAC), Berkeley MAC (B-MAC), and Gateway MAC (G-MAC). Implementations of selected attacks on S-MAC., T-MAC, and B-MAC are described and analyzed in detail to validate their effectiveness and analyze their efficiency. Our analysis shows that the most efficient attack on S-MAC can keep a cluster of nodes awake 100% of the time by an attacker that sleeps 99% of the time. Attacks on T-MAC can keep victims awake 100% of the time while the attacker sleeps 92% of the time. A framework for preventing denial-of-sleep attacks in sensor networks is also introduced. With full protocol knowledge and an ability to penetrate link-layer encryption, all wireless sensor network MAC protocols are susceptible to a full domination attack, which reduces the network lifetime to the minimum possible by maximizing the power consumption of the nodes' radio subsystem. Even without the ability to penetrate encryption, subtle attacks can be launched, which reduce the network lifetime by orders of magnitude. If sensor networks are to meet current expectations. they must be robust in the face of network attacks to include denial-of-sleep. C1 [Raymond, David R.] USA, Battle Command Training Program, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. [Marchany, Randy C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, IT Secur Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Brownfield, Michael I.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Midkiff, Scott F.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Raymond, DR (reprint author), USA, Battle Command Training Program, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. EM raymondd@vt.edu; marchany@vt.edu; michael.brownfield@usma.edu; midkiff@vt.edu OI Midkiff, Scott/0000-0003-4933-7360 FU National Science Foundation FX Manuscript received June 4, 2007: revised October 28. 2007, December 20, 2007, and March 5. 2008. First published March 31, 2008: current version published January 16. 2009. The work of S. F. Midkiff was supported in part by the National Science Foundation. Any opinion, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the United States Army. The review of this paper was coordinated by Prof. M. Guizani. NR 24 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9545 EI 1939-9359 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 58 IS 1 BP 367 EP 380 DI 10.1109/TVT.2008.921621 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA 399CU UT WOS:000262778800034 ER PT J AU Yu, M Zhou, MC Su, W AF Yu, Ming Zhou, Mengchu Su, Wei TI A Secure Routing Protocol Against Byzantine Attacks for MANETs in Adversarial Environments SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ad hoc network; mobile; routing protocol; security ID AD-HOC NETWORK AB To secure a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) in adversarial environments, a particularly challenging problem is how to feasibly detect and defend possible attacks on routing protocols, particularly internal attacks, such as a Byzantine attack. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm that detects internal attacks by using both message and route redundancy during route discovery. The route-discovery messages are protected by pairwise secret keys between a source and destination and some intermediate nodes along a route established by using public key cryptographic mechanisms. We also propose an optimal routing algorithm with routing metric combining both requirements on a node's trustworthiness and performance. A node builds up the trustworthiness on its neighboring nodes based on its observations on the behaviors of the neighbor nodes. Both of the proposed algorithms can be integrated into existing routing protocols for MANETs, such as ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing (AODV) and dynamic source routing (DSR). As an example, we present such an integrated protocol called secure routing against collusion (SRAC), in which a node makes a routing decision based on its trust of its neighboring nodes and the performance provided by them. The simulation results have demonstrated the significant advantages of the proposed attack detection and routing algorithm over some known protocols. C1 [Yu, Ming] Florida State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Zhou, Mengchu] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Su, Wei] USA, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Yu, M (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM mingyu@eng.fsu.edu; zhou@njit.edu; wei.su@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9545 J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 58 IS 1 BP 449 EP 460 DI 10.1109/TVT.2008.923683 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation GA 399CU UT WOS:000262778800040 ER PT S AU Kornev, KP Matveeva, EV Pekhtereva, ES Polityko, VA Ignatov, AN Punina, NV Schaad, NW AF Kornev, K. P. Matveeva, E. V. Pekhtereva, E. Sh. Polityko, V. A. Ignatov, A. N. Punina, N. V. Schaad, N. W. BE Saygili, H Sahin, F Aysan, Y TI Xanthomonas Species Causing Bacterial Spot of Tomato in the Russian Federation SO II INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Tomato Diseases CY JAN 31, 2009 CL Kusadasi, TURKEY DE tomato; black spot disease; xanthomonads ID DISEASE AB Bacterial spot of tomato, caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Group A), X. vesicatoria (Group B), X. perforans (group C) and X. gardneri (Group D) (Jones et al., 2004), formerly known as X. campestris pv. vesicatoria, has become very important in the Russian Federation. Leaf spots and wilt symptoms were observed in 2006 in tomato fields located in southern European part of Russia. Field symptoms were first observed in early July of 2006 and had spread to over 30% of the plants in some fields by late August. Yellow-pigmented Xanthomonas-like bacteria were isolated from plants using yeast extract-CaCO3 agar. Forty-three original strains were cloned and characterized based on morphologic and biochemical properties, by genetic analysis including rep-PCR, AP-PCR and gene sequencing. Reference strains included XV153 (group A), NCPPB 422(T) (Group B), XV 938 (Group C), XV GA2, XV444 (Group D), and 15 strains stored since 1947. Phenotypic and genetic properties of newly isolated and archived Russian strains were similar. Twenty-three strains that were not amylolytic or pectolytic and failed to utilize cis-aconitic acid were identified as X. gardneri and 18 strains that were strongly amylolytic and pectolytic were identified as X. vesicatoria; neither X. euvesicatoria nor X. perforans were found. C1 [Kornev, K. P.; Matveeva, E. V.; Pekhtereva, E. Sh.; Polityko, V. A.] Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Moscow 143080, Moscow Region, Russia. [Ignatov, A. N.; Punina, N. V.] RRI Photopathol, Moscow 143080, Moscow Region, Russia. [Schaad, N. W.] US Army, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Kornev, KP (reprint author), Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Moscow 143080, Moscow Region, Russia. OI Ignatov, Aleksandr /0000-0003-2948-753X FU International Science and Technology (ISTC) [341] FX This work was supported by International Science and Technology (ISTC) Project #341. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-711-1 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 808 BP 243 EP 245 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAR78 UT WOS:000305324000036 ER PT J AU Cook, JL Ramirez-Marquez, JE AF Cook, Jason L. Ramirez-Marquez, Jose Emmanuel TI Mobility and reliability modeling for a mobile ad hoc network SO IIE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Ad hoc networks; MANET; reliability; Monte Carlo; mobile computing AB The mobile ad hoc wireless network (MAWN) promises to become an ever-present technology with application to a myriad of areas. This networking scheme has its roots in DoD technology, yet, the ability to measure and calculate its reliability is largely absent. This paper describes the unique attributes of the MAWN and how the classical methods for analysis of network reliability must be adjusted. The methods developed acknowledge the dynamic and scalable nature of the new networking scheme along with its absence of infrastructure and remove the need to a priori define a network configuration. The methods rely on a novel modeling approach that recognizes the effects of mobility on the formation of the network's configurations. Hence, this paper proposes a Monte Carlo simulation method that accounts for node mobility, node reliability and node performance in the network's connectivity and resultant network reliability. C1 [Ramirez-Marquez, Jose Emmanuel] Stevens Inst Technol, Sch Syst & Enterprises, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Cook, Jason L.] USA, Qual Engn & Syst Assurance Directorate, Armament Res Dev Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Ramirez-Marquez, JE (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Sch Syst & Enterprises, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM jason.cook1@us.army.mil; jmarquez@stevens.edu NR 11 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0740-817X J9 IIE TRANS JI IIE Trans. PY 2009 VL 41 IS 1 BP 23 EP 31 AR PII 905427366 DI 10.1080/07408170802322648 PG 9 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 371FZ UT WOS:000260818500004 ER PT S AU Cowan, MA Butler, CD AF Cowan, Mark A. Butler, Cary D. GP IEEE TI Using Input-Space Bisection and Backpropagation as a Method To Emulate Complex Numerical Simulations for Design Decision Making SO IJCNN: 2009 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS, VOLS 1- 6 SE IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Joint Conference on Neural Networks CY JUN 14-19, 2009 CL Atlanta, GA SP Int Neural Network Soc, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc AB This paper advocates integrating two decades-old tools, namely, input-space bisection and backpropagation, in support of design decision making. Either technique independently could offer some improvements in efficiency and reduced computational costs; however, taken in concert their effects could be greatly amplified. Traditional design decisions have often relied too heavily upon expensive, time-consuming HPC runs. This paper demonstrates from three disparate cases that a carefully chosen input space serving as training instances for a backpropagation algorithm can often perform within acceptable error bounds for the test cases, while providing a much quicker response to decision makers. First, we introduce the problem domain, stressing the inadequacies and the inefficiencies of using too highly resolved parameter variations in batch HPC runs. We then provide a step-by-step overview of our surrogate model approach. We describe the similarities of the requirements for running both numerical solvers and artificial neural networks. Our method entails using an input-space bisection to reduce (in both the spatial and temporal domains) the output of the numerical solver, the results of which will serve as training cases for the backpropagation algorithm. The technique is demonstrated in three test cases, two of which are built to predict behavior at a fixed point in time, while the other, more ambitiously, tackles contaminant trace in hydraulic flow over multiple time-steps. Finally, we summarize some of the benefits this approach offers and outline directions for future research. C1 [Cowan, Mark A.; Butler, Cary D.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Informat Technol Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Cowan, MA (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Informat Technol Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Mark.A.Cowan@usace.army.mil; Cary.D.Butler@usace.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1098-7576 BN 978-1-4244-3549-4 J9 IEEE IJCNN PY 2009 BP 356 EP 363 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BQB78 UT WOS:000280591600052 ER PT S AU McCarron, M Azimi-Sadjadi, MR Mungiole, M Marlin, D AF McCarron, Michael Azimi-Sadjadi, Mahmood R. Mungiole, Michael Marlin, David GP IEEE TI Rapid Acoustic Transmission Loss Prediction Using An Operationally Adaptive System SO IJCNN: 2009 INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS, VOLS 1- 6 SE IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Joint Conference on Neural Networks CY JUN 14-19, 2009 CL Atlanta, GA SP Int Neural Network Soc, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc ID RANGE SOUND-PROPAGATION; ATMOSPHERE; TUTORIAL; MODELS AB New fusion methods for an operationally adaptive (OA) system for prediction of acoustic transmission loss (TL) in the atmosphere are developed in this paper. The OA system uses expert neural network predictors, each corresponding to a specific range of source elevation. The outputs of the expert predictors are combined using two new nonlinear fusion methods. Using this prediction methodology the computational intractability of traditional acoustic propagation models is eliminated. The proposed fusion methods are tested on a synthetically generated acoustic data set for a wide range of geometric, source, and environmental conditions. C1 [McCarron, Michael; Azimi-Sadjadi, Mahmood R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Mungiole, Michael] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Marlin, David] US Army, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP McCarron, M (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM azimi@engr.colostate.edu; mmungiole@arl.army.mil; dmarlin@arl.army.mil FU DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric Research at Colorado State University [W911NF-06-2-0015] FX This research was supported by the DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric Research at Colorado State University under Cooperative Agreement W911NF-06-2-0015 with the Army Research Laboratory. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2161-4393 BN 978-1-4244-3549-4 J9 IEEE IJCNN PY 2009 BP 1310 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BQB78 UT WOS:000280591600191 ER PT S AU Huang, WL Ressler, EK Shoop, BL AF Huang, Wenli Ressler, Eugene K. Shoop, Barry L. BE Astola, JT Egiazarian, KO Nasrabadi, NM Rizvi, SA TI Minimization of color halftone texture visibility using three-dimensional error diffusion neural network SO IMAGE PROCESSING: ALGORITHMS AND SYSTEMS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Processing - Algorithms and Systems VII CY JAN 19-22, 2009 CL San Jose, CA SP IS&T - Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, SPIE DE color halftoning; color halftone texture; halftone noise; luminosity; three dimensional error diffusion; neural network; minimum brightness variation ID BLUE-NOISE; PATTERNS AB Previously we have shown that error diffusion neural networks (EDNs) find local minima of frequency-weighted error between a binary halftone output and corresponding smoothly varying input, an ideal framework for solving halftone problems. An extension of our work to color halftoning employs a three dimensional (3D) interconnect scheme. We cast color halftoning as four related sub-problems: the first three are to compute good binary halftones for each primary color and the fourth is to simultaneously minimize frequency-weighted error in the luminosity of the composite result. We have showed that an EDN with a 3D interconnect scheme can solve all four problems in parallel. This paper shows that our 3D EDN algorithm not only shapes the error to frequencies to which the Human Visual System (HVS) is least sensitive but also shapes the error in colors to which the HVS is least sensitive. The correlation among the color planes by luminosity reduces the formation of high contrast pixels, such as black and white pixels that often constitute color noise, resulting in a smoother and more homogeneous appearance in a halftone image and a closer resemblance to the continuous tone image. The texture visibility of color halftone patterns is evaluated in two ways: (1) by computing the radially averaged power spectrum (2) by computing the visual cost function. C1 [Huang, Wenli; Ressler, Eugene K.; Shoop, Barry L.] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Huang, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM wenli.huang@usma.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7495-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2009 VL 7245 AR 724513 DI 10.1117/12.805481 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BVG07 UT WOS:000291438600034 ER PT B AU Boettner, D Byers, LK Crawford, BG Tamm, G Rogers, J Jones, T Rounds, M AF Boettner, Daisie Byers, Lynn K. Crawford, Bobby G. Tamm, Gunnar Rogers, John Jones, Tony Rounds, Michael GP ASME TI TEACHING DESIGN IN CONTEXT SO IMECE 2008: ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, VOL 9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition CY OCT 31-NOV 06, 2008 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers AB As a result of recent curriculum revisions, the mechanical engineering faculty at the United States Military Academy teaches the formal design process "just in time" for students to apply the process to their capstone design projects. The design process consists of several phases and incorporates many engineering tools. During the initial offering of the course, Mechanical Engineering Design, instructors assigned students to capstone design teams early in the course. As the instructor taught the design process, team members applied the concepts to their capstone project. Based on instructors' and students' feedback, faculty revised the course structure to teach the design process in the context of a simple, in-class design project (design a portable illumination device) during the first half-semester. All in-class exercises were collaborative, hands-on experiences based on the project. To reinforce topics introduced in class and ensure all students develop a firm Foundation in the design process, a separate common customer need (a device to store a West Point class ring) was the focus of all individual homework. Each student developed a design. built a prototype, and wrote an individual design report. Subsequent to formal design process instruction, students formed capstone teams and began their one and one-half semester capstone design projects. Results indicate that students more thoroughly understood the design process and its associated engineering tools allowing capstone teams to progress more efficiently through conceptual design; order parts, build prototypes, and test prototypes much earlier than the previous year; and enjoy a successful capstone experience. C1 [Boettner, Daisie; Byers, Lynn K.; Crawford, Bobby G.; Tamm, Gunnar; Rogers, John; Jones, Tony; Rounds, Michael] US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4870-8 PY 2009 BP 89 EP 96 PG 8 WC Education & Educational Research; Engineering, Mechanical SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA BJG79 UT WOS:000265679900011 ER PT S AU Taylor, SL Krempel, RL Schmaljohn, CS AF Taylor, Shannon L. Krempel, Ryan L. Schmaljohn, Connie S. BA Ansari, A Jabbar, A Parslow, TG Ahmed, R BF Ansari, A Jabbar, A Parslow, TG Ahmed, R TI Inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced Activation of NF-kappa B by Hantavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins SO IMMUNOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Immunology and Pathogenesis of Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers CY MAR 16, 2009 CL Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA HO Emory Univ DE hantavirus; nucleocapsid; TNF-alpha; NF-kappa B; importin alpha ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RENAL SYNDROME AB Hantaviruses cause two human diseases thought to be immune-mediated: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). We recently reported that the nucleocapsid (N) protein of HFRS-causing Hantaan virus (HTNV) inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) activation of nuclear factor-kappa (NF-kappa B). Here we measured the ability of other hantaviral N proteins to similarly interfere with the inflammatory process of TNF-alpha. We found that like HTNV N, the N proteins of HFRS-causing Seoul and Dobrava viruses inhibited TNF-alpha activation of NF-kappa B and translocation of the NF-kappa B p65 subunit, but did not interfere with degradation of inhibitor of NF-kappa B (I kappa B). In contrast, the HFRS-causing Puumala virus and the HPS-causing Andes and Sin Nombre viruses did not prevent TNF-alpha activation of NF-kappa B or nuclear translocation of p65. These studies provide evidence that hantaviruses differ in their abilities to interfere with host innate immune responses. C1 [Taylor, Shannon L.; Krempel, Ryan L.; Schmaljohn, Connie S.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Sci & Technol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmaljohn, CS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Sci & Technol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Connie.schmaljohn@amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2009 VL 1171 IS S1 BP E86 EP E93 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05049.x PG 8 WC Immunology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Immunology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BZD66 UT WOS:000301184700012 PM 19751407 ER PT B AU Cupp, OS Boyce, AS AF Cupp, O. Shawn Boyce, Allan S. BE Morgan, MJ TI The Food We Eat: Safer Now or Then? SO IMPACT OF 9/11 ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS: THE BUSINESS OF TERROR - THE DAY THAT CHANGED EVERYTHING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Cupp, O. Shawn; Boyce, Allan S.] USA, Command & Gen Staff College, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Cupp, OS (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff College, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-230-10006-0 PY 2009 BP 123 EP 138 D2 10.1057/9780230100060 PG 16 WC Business; Business, Finance; Economics SC Business & Economics GA BSG46 UT WOS:000284367400011 ER PT J AU Oh, PS AF Oh, Paul S. BE Morgan, MJ TI Reorganizing the US Intelligence Community SO IMPACT OF 9/11 ON POLITICS AND WAR: THE DAY THAT CHANGED EVERYTHING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Oh, Paul S.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Oh, PS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-230-62371-2 PY 2009 BP 31 EP 42 D2 10.1057/9780230623712 PG 12 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA BSG43 UT WOS:000284366700005 ER PT J AU Ender, MG Rohall, DE Matthews, MD AF Ender, Morten G. Rohall, David E. Matthews, Michael D. BE Morgan, MJ TI College Student Reactions to 9/11: Civilian, ROTC, and Military Academy Undergraduates SO IMPACT OF 9/11 ON PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION: THE DAY THAT CHANGED EVERYTHING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SELF-SELECTION; SEPTEMBER 11; ATTITUDES; ETHNICITY; RESPONSES; OUTCOMES; ATTACKS; GENDER C1 [Ender, Morten G.; Matthews, Michael D.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Rohall, David E.] Western Illinois Univ, Macomb, IL USA. RP Ender, MG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-230-10159-3 PY 2009 BP 253 EP 263 D2 10.1057/9780230101593 PG 11 WC Education & Educational Research; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology GA BSG40 UT WOS:000284366000020 ER PT J AU Hitt, J Sugar, T Holgate, M Bellman, R Hollander, K AF Hitt, Joseph Sugar, Thomas Holgate, Matthew Bellman, Ryan Hollander, Kevin TI Robotic transtibial prosthesis with biomechanical energy regeneration SO INDUSTRIAL ROBOT-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Rehabilitation; Robotics; Prosthetic devices; Limbs; Mechanical systems; Control technology ID FLEX-FOOT; SACH FOOT; FEET; GAIT; ACTUATORS; RELEASE; STORAGE AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to describe a project which seeks to develop a new generation of powered prostheses based on lightweight, uniquely tuned, energy-storing elastic elements in series with optimal actuator systems that will significantly reduce the peak power requirement of the motor and the total system energy requirement while providing the amputee 100 percent of required "push-off" power and ankle sagittal plane range-of-motion comparable to able-bodied gait. Design/methodology/approach - This paper presents the design, power, and energy-efficiency analyses, and the results of a five-month trial with one trans-tibial amputee subject as part of the first phase of the Spring Ankle with Regenerative Kinetics project. Findings - The data show that by leveraging uniquely tuned springs and transmission mechanisms, motor power is easily amplified more than four fold and the electric energy requirement is cut in half compared with traditional approaches. Originality/value - This paper describes an energy efficient, powered transtibial prosthesis currently unavailable commercially. Motor power and energy requirements are reduced with use of a unique design that employs regenerative kinetics. C1 [Hitt, Joseph] US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Sugar, Thomas] Arizona State Univ, Dept Engn, Tempe, AZ USA. [Holgate, Matthew; Bellman, Ryan] Arizona State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Hollander, Kevin] Augspurger Komm Engn, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Hitt, J (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM joseph.hitt@usma.edu NR 27 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 19 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0143-991X J9 IND ROBOT JI Ind. Robot PY 2009 VL 36 IS 5 BP 441 EP 447 DI 10.1108/01439910910980169 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Robotics SC Engineering; Robotics GA 490PW UT WOS:000269514500005 ER PT J AU Sclafani, JJ Gottschalk, D Waibel, KH AF Sclafani, Joseph J. Gottschalk, Douglas Waibel, Kirk H. TI Allergic Fungal Sinusitis SO INFECTIONS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Sclafani, Joseph J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP Sclafani, JJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0749-6524 J9 INFECT MED JI Infect. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 1 BP 31 EP 32 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 399TB UT WOS:000262821100006 ER PT J AU Weese, CB Abraham, JH AF Weese, Coleen B. Abraham, Joseph H. TI Potential Health Implications Associated with Particulate Matter Exposure in Deployed Settings in Southwest Asia SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID US MILITARY PERSONNEL; GULF-WAR VETERANS; KUWAIT OIL FIRES; AIR-POLLUTION; TIME-SERIES; AMBIENT AIR; MORTALITY; ASTHMA; IMPACT; CITIES AB There is a recognized need to identify the potential impact of air pollution exposure on the health of military personnel deployed to Southwest Asia (SWA). The exposure characterization reported by Engelbrecht et al. in this issue summarizes the results of a remarkable effort to conduct environmental sampling at locations where US military personnel are deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. This is an important first step in better understanding the relationship between the health of soldiers deployed in SWA and air pollution in the area of operations. We discuss here what is currently known about the effects of particulate matter (PM) on human health, focusing on the limited evidence specific to US military personnel, and outline current and planned efforts to utilize sampling data to assess health outcomes in deployed military populations. C1 [Weese, Coleen B.; Abraham, Joseph H.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Weese, CB (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, 5158 Black Hawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM coleen.weese@us.army.mil NR 35 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 4 BP 291 EP 296 AR PII 908980495 DI 10.1080/08958370802672891 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 411LX UT WOS:000263652200002 PM 19235609 ER PT J AU Elster, J AF Elster, Jon TI Urgency SO INQUIRY-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY LA English DT Article ID ACTION BIAS; PARACETAMOL; FRANCE; UK AB It is generally recognized that emotional states induce impatience, in the sense of a heightened preference for early rewards over later rewards. In this article I argue that they also induce urgency, in the sense of a preference for early action over later action. I adduce scattered evidence for the existence of the phenomenon and sketch a possible experiment that might demonstrate it, while also noting that it may be hard to distinguish urgency-based action from action based on the anticipation of the decay of emotion. C1 [Elster, Jon] Columbia Univ, USA, Columbia, SC USA. [Elster, Jon] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Elster, J (reprint author), Coll France, 3 Rue Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France. EM jon.elster@college-de-france.fr NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0020-174X J9 INQUIRY JI Inquiry-Interdiscip. J. Philos. PY 2009 VL 52 IS 4 BP 399 EP 411 AR PII 913873617 DI 10.1080/00201740903087367 PG 13 WC Ethics; Philosophy SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Philosophy GA 483AU UT WOS:000268934800005 ER PT J AU Chen, JP Webster, RS Hathaway, MD Herrick, GP Skoch, GJ AF Chen, Jen-Ping Webster, Robert S. Hathaway, Michael D. Herrick, Gregory P. Skoch, Gary J. TI High performance computing of compressor rotating stall and stall control SO INTEGRATED COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CONCURRENT ANALYSIS; ALGORITHMS; INJECTION; STABILITY; INCEPTION AB The performance of gas turbine engines is limited by compressor stall. Stall control technologies developed recently have demonstrated the effectiveness of steady tip injection to increase the stable operating range of high-speed axial and centrifugal compressors. To help understand the fluid mechanic processes of stall, and how stall is mitigated by the stall control technology to achieve increased compressor operability, two of the most challenging problems of gas turbine engines, high performance parallel computing is applied to simulate flows in stall. This paper presents an efficient parallel algorithm to conduct such large-scale simulations. Simulations of the rotating stall of a full-annulus axial compressor stage and the tip injection to extend its operating range are demonstrated. Similar simulations were obtained for a centrifugal compressor stage. The simulations demonstrate a new capability to model rotating stall and tip injection flow control. C1 [Chen, Jen-Ping] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Webster, Robert S.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Hathaway, Michael D.; Herrick, Gregory P.; Skoch, Gary J.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Chen, JP (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM chen.1210@osu.edu FU Army Research Office; AVETEC FX The authors would like to thank the considerable contributions of their collaborators to this project; Drs. Michael Remotigue, and Rajendran Mohanraj, Mississippi State University, Dr. John Adamczyk, NASA Glenn Research Center, and Dr. Aamir Shabbir, Mr. Tim Beach, and Rick Mulac of AP Solutions. This research was supported by Army Research Office and AVETEC. Computer resources provided by DoD MSRC and Ohio Supercomputing Center are also appreciated. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1069-2509 J9 INTEGR COMPUT-AID E JI Integr. Comput.-Aided Eng. PY 2009 VL 16 IS 1 BP 75 EP 89 DI 10.3233/ICA-2009-0305 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 395BT UT WOS:000262497900005 ER PT J AU Zhang, HF Turner, JA Kosinski, JA AF Zhang, Haifeng Turner, Joseph A. Kosinski, John A. TI Analysis of Thickness Vibrations of C-Axis Inclined Aluminum-Nitrogen Thin Film Resonators SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article AB The effect of the C-axis angle of inclination on the thickness vibration modes of Thin Film Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators (FBAR) is discussed. Theoretical analysis for the frequency equation and mode shape of C-axis inclined FBAR connected with an external impedance is carried out. The impedance characteristics of FBAR are derived and compared with previous experimental results. C1 [Zhang, Haifeng; Turner, Joseph A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Engn Mech, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Kosinski, John A.] USA, RDECOM CERDEC I2WD, ATTN RDER IWT, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Turner, JA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Engn Mech, W317-4 Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM jaturner@unl.edu RI Turner, Joseph/F-5165-2010 FU Army Research Office [DAAD19-01-1-0443] FX This research was supported by the Army Research Office under Grant No. DAAD19-01-1-0443. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2009 VL 113 BP 95 EP 108 DI 10.1080/10584581003785476 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 618ZS UT WOS:000279396200011 ER PT J AU Kalkur, TS Sbrockey, NM Tompa, GS Alpay, P Spanier, JE Galow, EM Cole, MW AF Kalkur, T. S. Sbrockey, N. M. Tompa, G. S. Alpay, Pamir Spanier, J. E. Galow, E. M. Cole, M. W. TI Low Voltage Tunable Band Pass Filters Using Barium Strontium Titanate Parallel Plate Capacitors SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics and Functionalities CY SEP 27-30, 2009 CL Colorado Springs, CO ID COMBLINE; DESIGN AB In this paper, we report the results of third order combline inter-digited band pass filters implemented with parallel plate barium strontium titanate (BST) capacitors on sapphire substrates with platinum electrodes. The frequency characteristics of the filters were simulated using Sonnet software package. The resonators were implemented on FR-4 substrates using a LPKF rapid prototyping machine. The resonators were loaded with BST capacitors prepared on sapphire substrates by metalorganic decomposition (MOD). The measured center frequency of the filters was 1.35 GHz with a 3 db bandwidth of 0.15 GHz for zero bias voltage to the ferroelectric capacitors. The center frequency can be tuned from 1.35 GHz to1.45 GHz for an applied tuning voltage of 3 Volts. C1 [Kalkur, T. S.] Univ Colorado, Microelect Res Labs, Colorado Springs, CO 80933 USA. [Sbrockey, N. M.; Tompa, G. S.] Structured Mat Ind, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Alpay, Pamir] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Spanier, J. E.; Galow, E. M.] Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Cole, M. W.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Kalkur, TS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Microelect Res Labs, Colorado Springs, CO 80933 USA. EM kalkur@eas.uccs.edu NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2009 VL 112 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1080/10584587.2009.484656 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 618ZP UT WOS:000279395900002 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Alpay, SP Cobas, LF Ivill, M AF Cole, M. W. Alpay, S. P. Fuentes Cobas, L. Ivill, M. TI Integrated Ferroelectrics SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Cole, M. W.; Ivill, M.] USA, Res Lab, WMRD Rodman Mat Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Alpay, S. P.] Univ Connecticut, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Dept Chem Mat & Biomol Engn, Storrs, CT USA. [Fuentes Cobas, L.] Ctr Invest Mat Avanzados CIMAV, Chihuahua, Mexico. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, WMRD Rodman Mat Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM mel.cole@us.army.mil RI Alpay, Pamir/E-2666-2013 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2009 VL 111 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1080/10584581003626837 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 577BD UT WOS:000276194100001 ER PT J AU Boyd, DA Hirsch, SG Hubbard, C Cole, MW AF Boyd, David A. Hirsch, S. G. Hubbard, C. Cole, M. W. TI BST Films Grown by Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition Incorporating Real-Time Control of Stoichiometry SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article DE BST; ferroelectric thin films; MOCVD AB We present preliminary results of metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) growth of Ba(x)Sr(1-x)TiO(3) (BST) thin films. Films were deposited on MgO, sapphire, Si, and Si/Pt/Ti substrates. Real-time monitoring of the precursor flux by UV absorption spectroscopy was used to control the composition of the films over the range 30 <= x <= 80. The films were characterized for a number of attributes including composition, crystalline structure, and morphology. C1 [Boyd, David A.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hirsch, S. G.; Hubbard, C.; Cole, M. W.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Boyd, DA (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM daboyd@caltech.edu FU Army Research Office [W911NF-07-1-0359] FX This work has been generously supported by the Army Research Office award # W911NF-07-1-0359. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2009 VL 111 BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1080/10584580903586638 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 577BD UT WOS:000276194100003 ER PT J AU Bruzzese, D Fahnestock, KJ Schauer, CL Spanier, JE Weiss, CV Alpay, SP Cole, MW Sbrockey, NM Tompa, GS AF Bruzzese, D. Fahnestock, K. J. Schauer, C. L. Spanier, J. E. Weiss, C. V. Alpay, S. P. Cole, M. W. Sbrockey, N. M. Tompa, G. S. TI The Optical Dielectric Function in Monolithic BaxSr1-xTiO3 Films SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article DE Ferroelectric thin films; phase shifters; BST; spectroscopic ellipsometry; optical dielectric function ID TUNABLE DEVICE APPLICATIONS; (BA,SR)TIO3 THIN-FILMS; MOCVD AB We present the results of characterization and analysis of the optical dielectric function of monolithic BaxSr1-xTiO3 films prepared by metal-organic solution deposition (MOSD). Lorentz Oscillator + Drude parameters and band gap for selected compositions are determined from variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry. Variation of the complex optical dielectric function is seen, and the results suggest that spectroscopic ellipsometry can be an effective means of both ex situ analysis and in situ monitoring of film composition during other BST and related film material growth processes. C1 [Bruzzese, D.; Fahnestock, K. J.; Schauer, C. L.; Spanier, J. E.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Weiss, C. V.; Alpay, S. P.] Univ Connecticut, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Dept Chem Mat & Biomol Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Cole, M. W.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. [Sbrockey, N. M.; Tompa, G. S.] Struct Mat Ind Inc, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Spanier, JE (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM spanier@drexel.edu RI Alpay, Pamir/E-2666-2013; Schauer, Caroline/D-5350-2013 FU Army Research Office [W911NF-08-C-0124, W911NF-08-1-0067]; NSF [CMMI-0804543] FX This work was supported by the Army Research Office under W911NF-08-C-0124 and W911NF-08-1-0067. C. L. S acknowledges support from the NSF under CMMI-0804543. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2009 VL 111 BP 27 EP 36 DI 10.1080/10584580903586646 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 577BD UT WOS:000276194100004 ER PT J AU Ivill, M Cole, MW Hirsch, SG Hubbard, C AF Ivill, M. Cole, M. W. Hirsch, S. G. Hubbard, C. TI Residual Stress of Pt Films with Ti and TiOx Adhesion Layers on Si and Sapphire Substrates SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article DE Electrodes; residual stress; thin films ID THIN-FILMS; FERROELECTRIC CAPACITORS; BOTTOM ELECTRODES; DEPOSITION AB The residual stress and morphology of Pt electrodes were investigated using Ti and titanium oxide (TiOx) adhesion layers. Conventional or rapid thermal annealing (RTA) was used to compare the morphologies. The morphology depended on the substrate, adhesion layer, and annealing conditions, with large hillocks formed for electrodes incorporating Ti on Si. Electrode stacks utilizing TiOx adhesion layers resulted in residual stresses that were similar to 50% less than those with Ti. Ba0.60Sr0.40TiO3 (BST) thin films were deposited onto several electrodes to investigate the integrity of the electrode/film heterostructures. Delamination or roughening of the film was observed depending on the adhesion layer. C1 [Ivill, M.; Cole, M. W.; Hirsch, S. G.; Hubbard, C.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Mat Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Mat Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mel.cole@us.army.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2009 VL 111 BP 37 EP 49 DI 10.1080/10584581003590884 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 577BD UT WOS:000276194100005 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Toonen, RC Hirsch, SG Ngo, E Romanofsky, RR Van Keuls, F Hubbard, C Ivill, M Demaree, D AF Cole, M. W. Toonen, R. C. Hirsch, S. G. Ngo, E. Romanofsky, R. R. Van Keuls, Fred Hubbard, C. Ivill, M. Demaree, D. TI Ba0.60Sr0.40TiO3 Thin Films for Microwave Phase Shifter Devices: The Influence of Crystallization Temperature on the Electric Field Dependent Phase Shift Response SO INTEGRATED FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article DE BST; phase shifter; microwave devices; thin film processing AB We present the correlation between film fabrication conditions (crystallization temperatures), microstructure, and dielectric phase shift of Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (BST) thin films synthesized by metal organic solution deposition (MOSD) on sapphire substrates. The structure, microstructure, surface morphology, and composition of the films were assessed by glancing angle X-ray diffraction (GAXRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). The dielectric phase shift measurements were carried out using coplanar waveguide (CPW) test circuits over a frequency range of 2-18 GHz. Our results indicate that BST processed at 950 degrees C achieved large relative phase shift response with low attenuation of the microwave signal. C1 [Cole, M. W.; Toonen, R. C.; Hirsch, S. G.; Ngo, E.; Hubbard, C.; Ivill, M.; Demaree, D.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Romanofsky, R. R.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr Cleveland, Cleveland, OH USA. [Van Keuls, Fred] Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH 44142 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mel.cole@us.army.mil NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1058-4587 J9 INTEGR FERROELECTR JI Integr. Ferroelectr. PY 2009 VL 111 BP 68 EP 79 DI 10.1080/10584581003591023 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 577BD UT WOS:000276194100008 ER PT J AU David, NV Gao, XL Zheng, JQ AF David, N. V. Gao, X. -L. Zheng, J. Q. TI Modeling of Viscoelastic Behavior of Ballistic Fabrics at Low and High Strain Rates SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article CT 8th World Congress of Computational Mechanics(WCCM 8)/5th European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering (ECCOMAS 2008) CY JUN 30-JUL 05, 2008 CL Venice, ITALY DE Ballistic fabrics; viscoelastic behavior; rheological models; viscoelasticity; constitutive relation; strain rate; wave propagation ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FIBERS; IMPACT; DEFORMATION; ARMOR; DAMAGE AB Ballistic fabrics are made from high-performance polymeric fibers such as Kevlar (R), Twaron (R), and Spectra (R) fibers. These fibers often behave viscoelastically. The Kelvin-Voigt and Maxwell rheological (viscoelasticity) models have been used to characterize stress-strain relations Of such fabrics at different strain rates. However, these two-parameter models have been found to be inadequate and inaccurate in some applications. As a result, three-parameter rheological models have been utilized to develop constitutive relations for viscoelastic polymeric fabrics. In this article, a generalized Maxwell (GM) model and a generalized Kelvin-Voigt (GKV) model, which are both three-parameter viscoelasticity models, are proposed to describe the viscoelastic behavior of a ballistic fabric, Twaron (R) CT716, at the strain rates of 1 s(-1) and 495 s(-1). The GM model consists of a Maxwell element (including a viscous dashpot and a spring in series) and a second spring in parallel to the Maxwell element, while the GKV model is an assembly of a Kelvin-Voigt (KV) element (containing a viscous dashpot and a spring in parallel) and a second spring in series with the KV element. The predictions by the GM and GKV models are compared with existing experimental data, which reveals that the GKV model gives more accurate results at the low strain rate, whereas the GM model performs better at the high strain rate while still providing accurate predictions for the low strain rate responses. C1 [David, N. V.; Gao, X. -L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zheng, J. Q.] USA, Haymarket, VA 20169 USA. RP Gao, XL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM xlgao@tamu.edu RI N.V., David/B-1987-2010 OI N.V., David/0000-0003-4128-5850 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI REDDING PA 50 CROSS HIGHWAY, REDDING, CT 06896 USA SN 1543-1649 J9 INT J MULTISCALE COM JI Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 295 EP 308 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 495OW UT WOS:000269904100005 ER PT J AU Idler, EL Boulifard, DA Labouvie, E Chen, YY Krause, TJ Contrada, RJ AF Idler, Ellen L. Boulifard, David A. Labouvie, Erich Chen, Yung Y. Krause, Tyrone J. Contrada, Richard J. TI Looking Inside the Black Box of "Attendance at Services": New Measures for Exploring an Old Dimension in Religion and Health Research SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RELIGION LA English DT Article ID SPIRITUAL EXPERIENCE; MORTALITY; VALIDITY; SCALE; INDEX; RELIABILITY; PATTERNS; AMERICA AB Research in religion and health has spurred new interest in measuring religiousness. Measurement efforts have focused on subjective facets of religiousness such as spirituality and beliefs, and less attention has been paid to congregate aspects, beyond the single item measuring attendance at services. We evaluate some new measures for religious experiences occurring during congregational worship services. Respondents (N = 576) were religiously diverse community-dwelling adults interviewed prior to cardiac surgery. Exploratory factor analysis of the new items with a pool of standard items yielded a readily interpretable solution, involving seven correlated but distinct factors and one index variable, with high levels of internal consistency. We describe religious affiliation and demographic differences in these measures. Attendance at religious services provides multifaceted physical, emotional, social, and spiritual experiences that may promote physical health through multiple pathways. C1 [Idler, Ellen L.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Hlth Hlth Care Policy & Aging Res, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Chen, Yung Y.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Krause, Tyrone J.] St Michaels Hosp, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Idler, EL (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Inst Hlth Hlth Care Policy & Aging Res, 30 Coll Ave, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. EM idler@rci.rutgers.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG016750-04, R03 AG015160-01, R01 AG016750] NR 39 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1050-8619 J9 INT J PSYCHOL RELIG JI Int. J. Psychol. Relig. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 DI 10.1080/10508610802471096 PG 20 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Religion SC Psychology; Religion GA 499UK UT WOS:000270251500001 PM 19214241 ER PT J AU Georgian, T AF Georgian, Thomas TI Evaluating 'goodness-of-fit' for linear instrument calibrations through the origin SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE instrument calibration; response factors AB Instrument calibrations for environmental analyses frequently entail fitting straight lines forced through the origin, where either the correlation coefficient, Pearson's r, or the percent relative standard deviation, %RSD, for a set of response factors is used to measure the 'goodness-of-fit'. However, these two approaches do not produce comparable linear calibrations. To do this, a weighted regression line needs to be calculated. A weighted regression coefficient is subsequently defined to evaluate the 'goodness-of-fit' and is expressed as function of the %RSD. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Environm & Munit Ctr Expertise, Omaha, NE USA. RP Georgian, T (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Environm & Munit Ctr Expertise, 1616 Capitol Ave, Omaha, NE USA. EM thomas.georgian@usace.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-7319 J9 INT J ENVIRON AN CH JI Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. PY 2009 VL 89 IS 5 BP 383 EP 388 AR PII 909635751 DI 10.1080/03067310802627247 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 420DW UT WOS:000264269900007 ER PT J AU Norberg, S Tamm, G Highley, J Rounds, M Boettner, D Arnas, O AF Norberg, Seth Tamm, Gunnar Highley, Justin Rounds, Michael Boettner, Daisie Arnas, Oezer TI TEACHING THERMODYNAMICS VIA ANALYSIS OF THE WEST POINT POWER PLANT SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY LA English DT Article CT 3rd International Energy, Exergy and Environment Symposium (IEEES-3) CY JUL 01-05, 2007 CL Univ Evora, Evora, PORTUGAL HO Univ Evora DE Design; Exergy; Power plant; Second Law efficiency; Thermodynamics AB Thermodynamic analyses can be performed based on energy-gross and exergy-net quantities. These topics are discussed in the context of the United States Military Academy at West Point's power plant and the project that students work on as a part of their course requirements for three courses. A systematic, detailed, and comprehensive methodology is presented based on recent experiences that can be a standard for similar academic instruction of thermodynamic concepts and power plants. A well-defined case study for the classroom will yield more effective learning of and inspire a greater appreciation for critical power technologies. C1 [Norberg, Seth; Tamm, Gunnar; Highley, Justin; Rounds, Michael; Boettner, Daisie; Arnas, Oezer] US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Tamm, G (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Gunnar.Tamm@usma.edu NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1543-5075 J9 INT J GREEN ENERGY JI Int. J. Green Energy PY 2009 VL 6 IS 3 BP 230 EP 244 DI 10.1080/15435070902880828 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 500TZ UT WOS:000270329700002 ER PT J AU Picchioni, D Killgore, WDS Balkin, TJ Braun, AR AF Picchioni, Dante Killgore, William D. S. Balkin, Thomas J. Braun, Allen R. TI POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY CORRELATES OF VISUALLY-SCORED ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC WAVEFORMS DURING NON-RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE delta waves/slow waves; electroencephalography; K-complexes; positron emission tomography; sleep; sleep spindles ID DECLARATIVE MEMORY CONSOLIDATION; CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; SPONTANEOUS K-COMPLEX; STAGE-2 SLEEP; DELTA-WAVES; MOTOR MEMORY; HUMAN BRAIN; SPINDLES; PLASTICITY; NEURONS AB Visually-scored, non-Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep electroencephalographic (EEG) waveform activity for each 30-s sleep scored epoch-including the number of sleep spindles, the number of K-complexes, and the percentage of delta waves occupying the epoch-was correlated with H(2)(15)O positron emission tomography. Sleep spindle correlations included positive correlations in the thalamus and right hippocampus. K-complex correlations included positive correlations in the frontomedian prefrontal cortex and cerebellum. Delta wave correlations included negative correlations in the thalamus, frontomedian prefrontal cortex, dorsal pons, and primary visual cortex. Each pattern of correlations may suggest a functional significance for these waveforms that relates to a waking outcome. C1 [Picchioni, Dante; Balkin, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Killgore, William D. S.] McLean Hosp, Cognit Neuroimaging Lab, Belmont, MA 02178 USA. [Braun, Allen R.] Natl Inst Deafness & Other Commun Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Picchioni, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM dante.picchioni@amedd.army.mil OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7454 J9 INT J NEUROSCI JI Int. J. Neurosci. PY 2009 VL 119 IS 11 BP 2074 EP 2099 DI 10.1080/00207450903139770 PG 26 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 512UF UT WOS:000271275600006 PM 19863262 ER PT J AU Wagner, TD Kobayashi, W Dean, S Goldberg, SI Kirsch, DG Suit, HD Hornicek, FJ Pedlow, FX Raskin, KA Springfield, DS Yoon, SS Gebhardt, MC Mankin, HJ DeLaney, TF AF Wagner, Timothy D. Kobayashi, Wendy Dean, Susan Goldberg, Saveli I. Kirsch, David G. Suit, Herman D. Hornicek, Francis J. Pedlow, Francis X. Raskin, Kevin A. Springfield, Dempsey S. Yoon, Sam S. Gebhardt, Marc C. Mankin, Henry J. DeLaney, Thomas F. TI COMBINATION SHORT-COURSE PREOPERATIVE IRRADIATION, SURGICAL RESECTION, AND REDUCED-FIELD HIGH-DOSE POSTOPERATIVE IRRADIATION IN THE TREATMENT OF TUMORS INVOLVING THE BONE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Radiotherapy; Chordoma; Chondrosarcoma; Proton therapy; Tumor seeding ID OSTEOSARCOMA STUDY-GROUP; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; RADIATION-THERAPY; CERVICAL-SPINE; CHORDOMA; EXPERIENCE; SARCOMA; CHONDROSARCOMA; RADIOTHERAPY; TISSUE AB Purpose: To assess the feasibility and outcomes of combination short-course preoperative radiation, resection, and reduced-field (tumor bed without operative field coverage) high-dose postoperative radiation for patients with solid tumors mainly involving the spine and pelvis. Methods and Materials: Between 1982 and 2006, a total of 48 patients were treated using this treatment strategy for solid tumors involving bone. Radiation treatments used both photons and protons. Results: Of those treated, 52% had chordoma, 31% had chondrosarcoma, 8% had osteosarcoma, and 4% had Ewing's sarcoma, with 71% involving the pelvis/sacrum and 21% elsewhere in the spine. Median preoperative dose was 20 Gy, with a median of 50.4 Gy postoperatively. With 31.8-month median follow-up, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate is 65%; 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate, 53.8%; and 5-year local control (LC) rate, 72%. There were no significant differences in OS, DFS, and LC according to histologic characteristics. Between primary and recurrent disease, there was no significant difference in OS rates (74.4% vs. 51.4%, respectively; p = 0.128), in contrast to DFS (71.5% vs. 18.3%; p = 0.0014) and LC rates (88.9% vs. 30.9%; p = 0.0011) favoring primary disease. After resection, 10 patients experienced delayed wound healing that did not significantly impact on OS, DFS, or LC. Conclusion: This approach is promising for patients with bone sarcomas in which resection will likely yield close/ positive margins. It appears to inhibit tumor seeding with an acceptable rate of wound-healing complications. Dose escalation is accomplished without high-dose preoperative radiation (likely associated with higher rates of acute wound healing delays) or large-field postoperative radiation only (likely associated with late normal tissue toxicity). The LC and DFS rates are substantially better for patients with primary than recurrent sarcomas. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wagner, Timothy D.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Kobayashi, Wendy; Dean, Susan; Goldberg, Saveli I.; Suit, Herman D.; DeLaney, Thomas F.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Hornicek, Francis J.; Pedlow, Francis X.; Raskin, Kevin A.; Springfield, Dempsey S.; Mankin, Henry J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Yoon, Sam S.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Surg, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Kirsch, David G.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Durham, NC USA. [Gebhardt, Marc C.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Wagner, TD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM timothy.wagner@amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.03.074 PG 8 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 385NF UT WOS:000261820200039 PM 19100921 ER PT J AU Wang, GX Gertner, G Anderson, AB AF Wang, Guangxing Gertner, George Anderson, Alan B. TI Efficiencies of remotely sensed data and sensitivity of grid spacing in sampling and mapping a soil erosion relevant cover factor by cokriging SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID VEGETATION COVER; REGIONALIZED VARIABLES; GEOSTATISTICAL METHODS; OPTIMAL INTERPOLATION; LOCAL ESTIMATION; LOSS EQUATION; TM IMAGES; SCHEMES; DESIGN; RUSLE AB This study investigates applications and efficiencies of remotely sensed data and the sensitivity of grid spacing for the sampling and mapping of a ground and vegetation cover factor in a monitoring system of soil erosion dynamics by cokriging with Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery based on regionalized variable theory. The results show that using image data can greatly reduce the number of ground sample plots and sampling cost required for collection of data. Under the same precision requirement, the efficiency gain is significant as the ratio of ground to image data used varies from 1: 1 to 1: 16. Moreover, we proposed and discussed several modifications to the cokriging procedure with image data for sampling and mapping. First, directly using neighbouring pixels for image data in sampling design and mapping is more efficient at increasing the accuracy of maps than using sampled pixels. Although information among neighbouring pixels might be considered redundant, spatial cross-correlation of spectral variables with the cover factor can provide the basis for an increase in accuracy. Secondly, this procedure can be applied to investigate the appropriate spatial resolution of imagery, which, for sampling and mapping the cover factor, should be 90 m x 90 m - nearly consistent with the line transect size of 100 m used for the ground field survey. In addition, we recommend using the average of cokriging variance to determine the global grid spacing of samples, instead of the maximum cokriging variance. C1 [Gertner, George] Univ IL, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wang, Guangxing] S IL Univ, Dept Geog, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Anderson, Alan B.] US Army Corps Engn, CERL, Champaign, IL USA. RP Gertner, G (reprint author), Univ IL, W503 Turner Hall, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM gertner@illinois.edu FU US Army Corps of Engineers; Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (USA-CERL) FX The authors are grateful to the US Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (USA-CERL) for providing support and datasets for this study. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2009 VL 30 IS 17 BP 4457 EP 4477 DI 10.1080/01431160802575679 PG 21 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 500KV UT WOS:000270299200007 ER PT J AU Wang, X Pan, E Chung, PW AF Wang, X. Pan, E. Chung, P. W. TI On a semi-infinite crack penetrating a piezoelectric circular inhomogeneity with a viscous interface SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Crack; Inhomogeneity; Screw dislocation; Piezoelectric; Viscous interface; Field intensity factors; Image force ID SCREW DISLOCATION; ELLIPTIC INHOMOGENEITY; BIMATERIAL INTERFACE; DIFFUSIONAL CREEP; INCLUSION PROBLEM; FIBER COMPOSITES; BOUNDARY; FORCE; SOLIDS; PLANES AB We investigate a semi-infinite crack penetrating a piezoelectric circular inhomogeneity bonded to an infinite piezoelectric matrix through a linear viscous interface. The tip of the crack is at the center of the circular inhomogeneity. By means of the complex variable and conformal mapping methods, exact closed-form solutions in terms of elementary functions are derived for the following three loading cases: (i) nominal Mode-III stress and electric displacement intensity factors at infinity; (ii) a piezoelectric screw dislocation located in the unbounded matrix: and (iii) a piezoelectric screw dislocation located in the inhomogeneity. The time-dependent electroelastic field in the cracked composite system is obtained. Particularly the time-dependent stress and electric displacement intensity factors at the crack tip, jumps in the displacement and electric potential across the crack surfaces, displacement jump across the viscous interface, and image force acting on the piezoelectric screw dislocation are all derived. It is found that the value of the relaxation (or characteristic) time for this cracked composite system is just twice as that for the same fibrous composite system without crack. Finally, we extend the methods to the more general scenario where a semi-infinite wedge crack is within the inhomogeneity/matrix composite system with a viscous interface. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, X.; Pan, E.] Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Wang, X.; Pan, E.] Univ Akron, Dept Appl Math, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Chung, P. W.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Pan, E (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM pan2@uakron.edu RI Pan, Ernian/F-4504-2011 OI Pan, Ernian/0000-0001-6640-7805 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency joint Science and Technology Office (DTRA-JSTO) [W911NF-06-2-0038]; ARL [W911NF-08-2-0021] FX This work was partially supported by Defense Threat Reduction Agency joint Science and Technology Office (DTRA-JSTO) under Grant W911NF-06-2-0038 and by ARL under Grant W911NF-08-2-0021. The authors thank the reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 203 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2008.08.022 PG 14 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 414DO UT WOS:000263844300012 ER PT J AU Yang, JZ Kim, JH AF Yang, Jingzhou (James) Kim, Joo Hyun TI SPECIAL ISSUE: DIGITAL HUMAN MODELLING AND SIMULATION, AND APPLICATIONS IN VEHICLE DESIGN Preface SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF VEHICLE DESIGN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Yang, Jingzhou (James)] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Kim, Joo Hyun] Univ Iowa, Ctr Comp Aided Design, USA, Virtual Soldier Res Program, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Yang, JZ (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM james.yang@ttu.edu; jookim@engineering.uiowa.edu RI Yang, James/G-9801-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0143-3369 J9 INT J VEHICLE DES JI Int. J. Veh. Des. PY 2009 VL 51 IS 3-4 BP 259 EP 260 PG 2 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 496IU UT WOS:000269965200001 ER PT J AU Abdel-Malek, K Arora, J Yang, JZ Marler, T Beck, S Swan, C Frey-Law, L Kim, J Bhatt, R Mathai, A Murphy, C Rahmatalla, S Patrick, A Obusek, J AF Abdel-Malek, Karim Arora, Jasbir Yang, Jingzhou (James) Marler, Timothy Beck, Steve Swan, Colby Frey-Law, Laura Kim, Joo Bhatt, Rajan Mathai, Anith Murphy, Chris Rahmatalla, Salam Patrick, Amos Obusek, John TI A physics-based digital human model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF VEHICLE DESIGN LA English DT Article DE digital human; physics-based; modelling and simulation; optimisation ID MUSCLE FORCES; ELBOW JOINT; HEART-RATE; EXERCISE; OPTIMIZATION; PREDICTION; ENVIRONMENT; LOCOMOTION; SIMULATION AB This paper presents a comprehensive human modelling and simulation environment. This environment, called Santos (TM), is a new generation of digital human simulation systems that allows a user to interact with a digital character with full and accurate biomechanics and a complete muscular system, subject to the laws of physics. Major results in the areas of dynamic motion prediction, advanced posture prediction and comfort level assessment, physiology model, modelling of clothing and muscle wrapping and force assessment will be presented. This paper will feature the various modules that comprise the Santos environment. C1 [Yang, Jingzhou (James)] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Abdel-Malek, Karim; Arora, Jasbir; Marler, Timothy; Beck, Steve; Swan, Colby; Frey-Law, Laura; Kim, Joo; Bhatt, Rajan; Mathai, Anith; Murphy, Chris; Rahmatalla, Salam; Patrick, Amos] Univ Iowa, Ctr Comp Aided Design, Virtual Soldier Res VSR Program, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Obusek, John] US Army Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Yang, JZ (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM amalek@engineering.uiowa.edu; jasbir-arora@uiowa.edu; james.yang@ttu.edu; tmarler@engineering.uiowa.edu; beck@ccad.uiowa.edu; colby-swan@uiowa.edu; laura-freylaw@uiowa.edu; jookim@engineering.uiowa.edu; rajan-bhatt@uiowa.edu; anith-mathai@uiowa.edu; chris-murphy@uiowa.edu; salam-rahmatalla@uiowa.edu; apatrick@engineering.uiowa.edu; John.Obusek@natick.army.mil RI Yang, James/G-9801-2012; Kim, Joo/I-9517-2012 FU US Army TACOM; Caterpillar Inc.; US Army Natick Soldier Systems Centre; Honda R&D Americas, Inc.; USCAR FX This research is funded partly by the US Army TACOM, Caterpillar Inc., US Army Natick Soldier Systems Centre, Honda R&D Americas, Inc. and USCAR. The findings contained in this paper are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorised documents. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 896, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0143-3369 J9 INT J VEHICLE DES JI Int. J. Veh. Des. PY 2009 VL 51 IS 3-4 BP 324 EP 340 PG 17 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 496IU UT WOS:000269965200006 ER PT J AU Chattar-Cora, D Perez-Nieves, R McKinlay, A Kunasz, M Delaney, R Lyons, R AF Chattar-Cora, Deowall Perez-Nieves, Roberto McKinlay, Alexander Kunasz, Markian Delaney, Richard Lyons, Robert TI Experience With Free TRAM Breast Reconstruction at an American Army Medical Center SO INTERNATIONAL SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Free transverse rectus abdominis muscle; Army hospital; Experience ID ABDOMINIS MUSCULOCUTANEOUS FLAP; PATIENTS SATISFACTION; INTERNAL MAMMARY; FAT NECROSIS; IMMEDIATE; COMPLICATIONS AB There are many civilian reports on the outcomes of the free transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap for breast reconstruction. There are no published reports by U.S. military surgeons with this technique. The records of patients undergoing this operation from November 2002 to December 2004 at an Army Medical Center were reviewed. Twenty-one women underwent 27 free TRAM flaps during the study period. No flaps were lost. Significant complications were encountered in 47.6% (10/21) of patients. Seven of these 10 patients had surgery for donor site scar revision. Although technically demanding and time consuming, free TRAM breast reconstruction provides an esthetic result. Free tissue breast reconstruction can be successfully performed with minimal morbidity at U.S. Army Hospitals. C1 [Chattar-Cora, Deowall; Kunasz, Markian; Lyons, Robert] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Chattar-Cora, Deowall; Perez-Nieves, Roberto] Ponce Plast Surg, Ponce, PR USA. [Perez-Nieves, Roberto; McKinlay, Alexander; Kunasz, Markian; Delaney, Richard; Lyons, Robert] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Chattar-Cora, D (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, 7703 Flovd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM Deowallchattar@yahoo.com NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT COLLEGE OF SURGEONS PI CHICAGO PA 1516 N LAKE SHORE DR, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0020-8868 J9 INT SURG JI Int. Surg. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 94 IS 1 BP 74 EP 79 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 531SM UT WOS:000272688600015 PM 20099432 ER PT J AU Mamienski, TD Fischer, JR Gehrich, A Zahn, CM AF Mamienski, Thaddeus D. Fischer, John R. Gehrich, Alan Zahn, Christopher M. TI Symptomatic stress urinary incontinence not demonstrated clinically: survey of practice patterns SO INTERNATIONAL UROGYNECOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article CT 55th Annual Clinical Meeting of the American-College-of-Obstetricians-and-Gynecologists CY MAY 05-09, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Coll Obstet & Gynecol DE Military physicians; Subjective urinary incontinence; Surgical management ID GENITOURINARY PROLAPSE; CONTINENT WOMEN; HISTORY; COSTS AB The aim of this study was to survey obstetrician/gynecologists and urologists regarding management of women undergoing hysterectomy with complaints of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) not demonstrated clinically. A survey was distributed electronically to military healthcare system OB/GYN and urologist physicians. Overall descriptive data and responses analyzed according to respondent demographics and the presence or absence of pelvic organ prolapse are reported. Two-hundred forty-two responses were obtained (44% response rate). Without prolapse, only 32% would perform an anti-incontinence procedure, more often by urologists than OB/GYN physicians. With prolapse, more respondents would perform an anti-incontinence procedure (32% increasing to 59%, p<0.001). A mid-urethral sling was the most common procedure that was offered. Trainee versus attending status and teaching versus non-teaching responsibilities did not affect responses. There is no consensus among military obstetricians/gynecologists and urologists regarding management of women otherwise undergoing pelvic surgery with subjective SUI. The presence of prolapse influences this decision. C1 [Mamienski, Thaddeus D.; Fischer, John R.; Zahn, Christopher M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Female Pelv Med & Reconstruct Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Mamienski, Thaddeus D.; Fischer, John R.; Zahn, Christopher M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Gehrich, Alan] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Female Pelv Med & Reconstruct Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Fischer, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Female Pelv Med & Reconstruct Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jfischer@usuhs.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI ARTINGTON PA ASHBOURNE HOUSE, THE GUILDWAY, OLD PORTSMOUTH ROAD, ARTINGTON GU3 1LP, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND SN 0937-3462 J9 INT UROGYNECOL J JI Int. Urogynecol. J. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 20 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.1007/s00192-008-0725-5 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Urology & Nephrology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Urology & Nephrology GA 379NR UT WOS:000261403900008 PM 18797810 ER PT J AU Al-Smadi, YM Russell, K Sodhi, RS AF Al-Smadi, Yahia M. Russell, Kevin Sodhi, Raj S. TI Geared five-bar path generation with structural constraints SO INVERSE PROBLEMS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE path generation; geared five-bar mechanism; torque; deflection; buckling ID VARIABLE TOPOLOGY; MECHANISMS; LINKAGES AB The specific contribution made by this work in the area of geared five-bar path generation is the formulation of a non-linear optimization problem that includes elastic deflection, static torque and buckling constraints. Using this model, geared five-bar path generators are also synthesized with respect to static torque, deflection constraints and buckling constraints for a given rigid-body load. C1 [Al-Smadi, Yahia M.] AECOM, Special Struct Grp, New York, NY 10005 USA. [Russell, Kevin] USA, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. [Sodhi, Raj S.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Al-Smadi, YM (reprint author), AECOM, Special Struct Grp, New York, NY 10005 USA. EM yahia.al-smadi@aecom.com NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1741-5977 J9 INVERSE PROBL SCI EN JI Inverse Probl. Sci. Eng. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 8 BP 1059 EP 1072 DI 10.1080/17415970903063136 PG 14 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 506XQ UT WOS:000270811800004 ER PT S AU Fu, RX Mamazza, R Zheleva, TS Kirchner, KW Piekarski, BH AF Fu, R. X. Mamazza, R., Jr. Zheleva, T. S. Kirchner, K. W. Piekarski, B. H. GP IEEE TI Correlation of Materials and Ferroelectric Properties of Sputtered and Sol-Gel PZT Films SO ISAF: 2009 18TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE APPLICATIONS OF FERROELECTRICS SE IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Meeting of 12th International Meeting on Ferroelectricity/18th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (IMF-ISAF-2009) CY AUG 23-27, 2009 CL Elect Mat Res Lab EMRL, Xian, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics & Frequency Control Soc (UFFCS) HO Elect Mat Res Lab EMRL ID LEAKAGE CURRENT; THIN-FILMS AB The processes for the physical vapor deposition (PVD) of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT) thin films from two different composite oxide targets has been demonstrated. PZT thin films have been deposited by both PVD or sputter technique and standard sol-gel method. Half micron PZT films were deposited by both methods on identical substrates (Si[(100) 4 inch Cz wafer]/SiO2/Ti-TiO2/Pt) followed by sputter-deposited Pt top electrodes. X-ray diffraction results showed that both sputtered and sol-gel PZT films were textured along the [110] direction. The degree of preference for the [110] direction was greater in the sol-gel film where the intensity of that peak is seen to be larger compared to the intensity for the sputtered PZT. TEM data revealed that both sputtered and sol-gel PZT films were polycrystalline and had perovskite crystal structures. Selected area diffraction (SAD) showed that the degree of disorientation between the crystallites was smaller for the sol-gel PZT compared to the sputtered PZT, which corroborated the results from XRD. The remnant polarization, P-r and coercive field, E-c for the sputtered films were less than sol-gel film; however, PVD produced higher relative permittivities. The leakage current for the 11% excess Pb target sputtered film was similar to the sol-gel film and much less than that produced by the 22% excess Pb condition. The breakdown voltage of the sol-gel PZT film was still the best. However, for the 11% Pb target sputtered film's breakdown voltage was much higher than 22% Pb target sputtered film. This study has demonstrated that sputtering has the potential to serve as a viable alternative to the sol-gel process for the deposition of PZT thin films. The experimental data showed comparable results in most aspects of the films investigated. Most importantly it is the improved manufacturability the sputter method offers. In particular, for the 11% excess Pb target sputtered film, the breakdown voltage was significantly improved, which revealed a broad potential of the sputtered PZT film applications. C1 [Fu, R. X.; Zheleva, T. S.; Kirchner, K. W.; Piekarski, B. H.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Mamazza, R., Jr.] Oerlikon Syst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. RP Fu, RX (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1099-4734 BN 978-1-4244-4969-9 J9 IEEE INT FERRO PY 2009 BP 198 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BOS99 UT WOS:000277496800047 ER PT J AU Mount, GR Roebuck, JD AF Mount, George R. Roebuck, Jonathan D. TI Antiphospholipid Syndrome in a 21-Year-Old with Klinefelter Syndrome SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antiphospholipid syndrome; Klinefelter syndrome; thrombosis; systemic lupus erythematosus ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS AB We describe a patient with Klinefelter syndrome presenting with current arterial thromboses secondary to the antiphospholipid syndrome. Previous case reports noted association of Klinefelter syndrome with systemic lupus erythematosus including some cases with antiphospholipid syndrome. Clinicians should consider autoimmune processes, including the antiphospholipid syndrome, when patients with Klinefelter syndrome present with recurrent thrombosis or additional features of a systemic autoimmune disorder. C1 [Mount, George R.; Roebuck, Jonathan D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Mount, GR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM george.mount@amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 15 IS 1 BP 27 EP 28 DI 10.1097/RHU.0b013e31817de084 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 393QY UT WOS:000262389000008 PM 19140294 ER PT J AU Lande, RG AF Lande, R. Gregory TI President's Message SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lande, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1055-0887 J9 J ADDICT DIS JI J. Addict. Dis. PY 2009 VL 28 IS 1 BP 86 EP 86 AR PII 907643161 DI 10.1080/10550880802665321 PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 428DB UT WOS:000264827100015 ER PT J AU Lande, RG Marin, B AF Lande, R. Gregory Marin, Barbara TI Biomarker Characteristics of Alcohol Use in the US Army SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Alcohol; screening; biomarkers; tobacco ID GLUTAMYL-TRANSFERASE GGT; ETHYL GLUCURONIDE; USE DISORDERS; CONSUMPTION; URINE; IDENTIFICATION; ETHANOL; MARKERS; HEALTH; AUDIT AB The objective of this study was to collect data providing information about the biomarker characteristics of alcohol use among a sample of military personnel in the U.S. Army. Military personnel enrolled in the Army Substance Abuse Program at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, DC, received a comprehensive assessment that included a panel of direct and indirect biomarkers. A total of 80 records were reviewed to assess biomarker results. Higher Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test scores correlated with higher gamma glutamyltransferase levels. All subjects tested negative on the initial breathalyzer. All subjects completed an initial ethyl glucuronide and approximately one-third received a positive report. A second positive ethyl glucuronide did correlate with a positive third and fourth result. Military personnel deployed to an area of combat operations reported tobacco use more frequently than military personnel not assigned to an area of combat operations. A broad range of assessment tools, including traditional interviews, standardized questionnaires, indirect, and direct biomarkers, provide clinicians the techniques to screen alcohol use disorders. Direct biomarkers are a valuable assessment tool but must be integrated with the other components of the diagnostic evaluation. C1 [Lande, R. Gregory] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. [Marin, Barbara] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Subst Abuse Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lande, RG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 13826 Bison Court, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. EM rglande@pol.net NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1055-0887 J9 J ADDICT DIS JI J. Addict. Dis. PY 2009 VL 28 IS 2 BP 158 EP 163 AR PII 910147265 DI 10.1080/10550880902772506 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 428DC UT WOS:000264827200008 PM 19340678 ER PT J AU Russell, K Shen, Q Lee, WT Sodhi, RS AF Russell, Kevin Shen, Qiong Lee, Wen-Tzong Sodhi, Raj S. TI On the Synthesis of Spatial RRSS Motion Generators with Prescribed Coupler Loads SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MECHANICAL DESIGN SYSTEMS AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE Motion Generation; RRSS Mechanism; Static Torque; Coupler Load ID KINEMATIC SYNTHESIS; MECHANISMS; TORQUE; FORCE AB This work extends the concepts and methodologies of Shen et al((1)) and Al-Smadi et al((2)) to synthesis of spatial RRSS motion generators with applied coupler loads. A general four-bar mechanism constraint that includes a coupler static load and a driver static torques is formulated using the principal of virtual work. This constraint is combined with the conventional RRSS motion generation model by Suh and Radcliffe((13)) to form a nonlinear optimization problem from which RRSS mechanism solutions are calculated that approximate prescribed coupler poses and satisfy prescribed driver static torques for given coupler loads. C1 [Russell, Kevin] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. [Shen, Qiong; Sodhi, Raj S.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Lee, Wen-Tzong] Leader Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Applicat, Tainan 70970, Taiwan. RP Russell, K (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM kevin.russell1@us.army.mil RI Shen, Qiong/N-4015-2013 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPAN SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI TOKYO PA SHINANOMACHI-RENGAKAN BLDG., SHINANOMACHI 35, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO, 160-0016, JAPAN SN 1881-3054 J9 J ADV MECH DES SYST JI J. Adv. Mech. Des. Syst. Manuf. PY 2009 VL 3 IS 3 BP 236 EP 244 DI 10.1299/jamdsm.3.236 PG 9 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 509AE UT WOS:000270982300005 ER PT J AU Gottfried, JL De Lucia, FC Miziolek, AW AF Gottfried, Jennifer L. De Lucia, Frank C., Jr. Miziolek, Andrzej W. TI Discrimination of explosive residues on organic and inorganic substrates using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-EMISSION SPECTROMETRY; DOUBLE-PULSE; INTENSITY RATIO; PLS-DA; CLASSIFICATION; MAGNESIUM; ABLATION; SPECTRA; SURFACE; SAMPLES AB We have demonstrated the detection and discrimination of explosive residues on a variety of surfaces using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and partial least squares discriminant analysis. The correlation between the hardness of a substrate and the ability to discriminate residues on that substrate is discussed. We have also shown that while using the full spectra in the chemometric model improves the classification of sample types in the model, the use of intensities and ratios specific to explosive residues improves the classification of sample types that are not part of the model. In the first case, differences in the laser-induced plasma (and resulting spectral features) attributable to the laser-material interaction contribute to the sample discrimination, while using intensities and ratios specific to explosive residues focuses on the chemical composition of the sample for discrimination. Combining the results of the two models for a given sample set decreases the overall false positive rate for all test samples. C1 [Gottfried, Jennifer L.; De Lucia, Frank C., Jr.; Miziolek, Andrzej W.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Gottfried, JL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jennifer.gottfried@us.army.mil RI Gottfried, Jennifer/G-6333-2010 NR 29 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 5 U2 17 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PY 2009 VL 24 IS 3 BP 288 EP 296 DI 10.1039/b818481j PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 412HF UT WOS:000263715200003 ER PT J AU Wang, D Svensson, SP Shterengas, L Belenky, G Kim, CS Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR AF Wang, D. Svensson, S. P. Shterengas, L. Belenky, G. Kim, C. S. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. TI Band edge optical transitions in dilute-nitride GaNSb SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; PARAMETERS; COMPOUND; ALLOYS AB Dilute-nitride GaNSb bulk materials with up to 1.4% nitrogen were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaSb substrates. Hall measurements indicate residual hole concentrations of nearly 10(19) cm(-3) at room temperature, but a decrease to below 10(16) cm(-3) and a hole mobility of 1300 cm(2)/V s at 4.5 K for a sample with 0.6% nitrogen. Photoluminescence (PL) and optical absorption measurements demonstrate a bandgap reduction by up to 300 meV with increasing nitrogen incorporation. The experimental absorption spectra are well fit by a functional dependence corresponding to direct allowed optical transitions, and the PL spectra are also consistent with that interpretation. Room temperature carrier relaxation times in the picosecond range are measured using an ultrafast PL upconversion technique. c 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3055273] C1 [Wang, D.; Shterengas, L.; Belenky, G.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Svensson, S. P.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Kim, C. S.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, D (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM leon@ece.sunysb.edu FU United States Army Research Laboratory; National Science Foundation [DMR071054]; Missile Defense Agency [W911NF0720086] FX The authors thank Arsen Subashiev and David Westerfeld for detailed discussions. This work was supported by the United States Army Research Laboratory, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR071054, and the Missile Defense Agency under Contract No. W911NF0720086. NR 12 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 105 IS 1 AR 014904 DI 10.1063/1.3055273 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 395OT UT WOS:000262534100167 ER PT J AU Sweeney, PJ Thompson, V Blanton, H AF Sweeney, Patrick J. Thompson, Vaida Blanton, Hart TI Trust and Influence in Combat: An Interdependence Model SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEADERSHIP; ORGANIZATIONS AB Two studies tested an interdependence model of trust development and the links between trust and influence in the in extremis environment of combat, and a non-combat replication. Structural equation modeling was used to test the model. Results from both studies suggested that a modified interdependence model provided a plausible explanation for how leaders may earn subordinate trust, through fostering the establishment of cooperative interdependence and being perceived as credible. Credibility was demonstrated through both competence and good character, and organizational structures that were in place contributed to trust by encouraging leaders to behave cooperatively toward group members. Most importantly, the level of trust subordinates had in their leaders determined the amount of leader influence subordinates accepted. C1 [Sweeney, Patrick J.] US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Thompson, Vaida] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Blanton, Hart] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Sweeney, PJ (reprint author), Room 283,Thayer Hall, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Patrick.Sweeney@usma.edu NR 47 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 9 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-9029 J9 J APPL SOC PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Soc. Psychol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 39 IS 1 BP 235 EP 264 DI 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2008.00437.x PG 30 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 394UL UT WOS:000262475700011 ER PT J AU Sabol, BM Kannenberg, J Skogerboe, JG AF Sabol, Bruce M. Kannenberg, J. Skogerboe, J. G. TI Integrating Acoustic Mapping into Operational Aquatic Plant Management: a case study in Wisconsin SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE chemical control; cost effectiveness; Hydroacoustics; mapping; Myriophyllum spicatum ID EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL; RECORDING FATHOMETER; VEGETATION; BIOMASS; LAKES; SYSTEM AB Efficient planning, execution, and post-treatment monitoring of a submersed aquatic plant management operation require early detection and detailed information on the distribution of target and nontarget species within the treated waterbody. This requirement was the motivation behind the development of the acoustic-based Submersed Aquatic Vegetation Early Warning System (SAVEWS (TM)). After initial development in the late 1990s, the associated processing software was licensed to Biosonics, Inc., and is currently marketed as EcoSAV (TM), along with the required hardware for conducting acoustic plant surveys. Since becoming commercially available ill 2001, approximately 70 systems are in rise world wide. While the system is used by a number of aquatic plant management researchers and operators, by far greater use is found in other fields, primarily ecological and applied studies of estuarine vegetation and coastal hydrography. While usage in any form is considered beneficial, a significant potential for operational usage within the aquatic plant management field is largely unrealized. Discussions with various aquatic plant management personnel identified concerns related to using the system operationally, including system acquisition and operations cost, data processing complexity, data accuracy, and acceptance by regulatory agencies. To address these concerns, a mapping demonstration was pelf formed in Conjunction with a chemical control application to treat Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) in a 515-acre (2.08 km(2)) Wisconsin lake. One pretreatment and 2 post-treatment Surveys were conducted. A ground-truth sampling effort was performed as part of the first. post-treatment survey. The cost of conducting the mapping survey is broken out in terms of equipment costs and labor for planning, execution, and data analysis. We present techniques and summaries for data analysis and evaluate the added value of information provided by acoustic mapping to the overall management operation. C1 [Sabol, Bruce M.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Skogerboe, J. G.] USA, ERDC, Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Lake, WI USA. RP Sabol, BM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Bruce.M.Sabol@usatcc.army.mil FU U.S. Army Aquatic Plant Control Research Program; Marine Biochemist FX The authors mould like to thank Mr. Carlton Layne of die Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration Foundation for help in organizing this study, and Mr. Ray Valley of the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources for his insightful review comments. This research was supported by the U.S. Army Aquatic Plant Control Research Program and by Marine Biochemist. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI VICKSBURG PA PO BOX 821265, VICKSBURG, MS 39182 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 47 BP 44 EP 52 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 447EG UT WOS:000266173800007 ER PT J AU Ravel, J Jiang, L Stanley, ST Wilson, MR Decker, RS Read, TD Worsham, P Keim, PS Salzberg, SL Fraser-Liggett, CM Rasko, DA AF Ravel, Jacques Jiang, Lingxia Stanley, Scott T. Wilson, Mark R. Decker, R. Scott Read, Timothy D. Worsham, Patricia Keim, Paul S. Salzberg, Steven L. Fraser-Liggett, Claire M. Rasko, David A. TI The Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus anthracis Ames "Ancestor" SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The pathogenic bacterium Bacillus anthracis has become the subject of intense study as a result of its use in a bioterrorism attack in the United States in September and October 2001. Previous studies suggested that B. anthracis Ames Ancestor, the original Ames fully virulent plasmid-containing isolate, was the ideal reference. This study describes the complete genome sequence of that original isolate, derived from a sample kept in cold storage since 1981. C1 [Ravel, Jacques; Jiang, Lingxia; Read, Timothy D.; Salzberg, Steven L.; Fraser-Liggett, Claire M.; Rasko, David A.] Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Stanley, Scott T.; Decker, R. Scott] Fed Bur Invest, Washington Field Off, Washington, DC 20535 USA. [Wilson, Mark R.] Fed Bur Invest Lab, Quantico, VA 22135 USA. [Worsham, Patricia] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Keim, Paul S.] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Keim, Paul S.] Translat Genom Res Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Ravel, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Inst Genome Sci, BioPk 2 Room 611,801 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RI Ravel, Jacques/D-2530-2009; Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010; Read, Timothy/E-6240-2011; Salzberg, Steven/F-6162-2011; OI Salzberg, Steven/0000-0002-8859-7432; Ravel, Jacques/0000-0002-0851-2233; Fraser, Claire/0000-0003-1462-2428; David, Rasko/0000-0002-7337-7154 FU Department of Justice [J-FBI-02-016]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [N01-AI15447]; National Science Foundation [MCB-202304] FX This work was jointly supported by federal funds from the Department of Justice under contract J-FBI-02-016; the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, under contract N01-AI15447; and National Science Foundation small grant for exploratory research MCB-202304. NR 5 TC 42 Z9 776 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 191 IS 1 BP 445 EP 446 DI 10.1128/JB.01347-08 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 382TK UT WOS:000261628100046 PM 18952800 ER PT J AU Owens, BD White, DW Wenke, JC AF Owens, Brett D. White, Daniel W. Wenke, Joseph C. TI Comparison of Irrigation Solutions and Devices in a Contaminated Musculoskeletal Wound Survival Model SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE PULSATILE LAVAGE; BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE; ADHERENT BACTERIA; ORTHOPEDIC WOUNDS; SOFT-TISSUE; IN-VITRO; FRACTURES; BONE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; EFFICACY AB Background: There is much to learn about the effectiveness of different methods currently used for the irrigation of open wounds. The purpose of this study was to compare various approaches in a survival animal model. Methods: We used an established goat model involving the creation of a reproducible complex musculoskeletal wound followed by inoculation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (lux) bacteria. This genetically altered luminescent bacterium provides the ability for quantitative analysis with a photon-counting camera system. For Study 1, wound irrigation was performed six hours after the injury and inoculation; the goats were assigned to four treatment groups: normal saline solution, bacitracin solution, castile soap, and benzalkonium chloride. All wounds received sharp debridement and irrigation with use of a pulsatile lavage device (19 psi). Images and photon counts were obtained prior to irrigation, after irrigation, and forty-eight hours after injury and inoculation. For Study 2, we used the same animal model and compared bulb syringe and pulsatile lavage irrigation with saline solution. Results: In Study 1, the irrigation treatment lowered the bacterial counts in all treatment groups. The greatest reduction was seen with castile soap, which lowered the photon count to 13% of the pretreatment level. This was followed by benzalkonium chloride, bacitracin, and saline solution at 18%, 22%, and 29%, respectively. At forty-eight hours, imaging showed a rebound in bacterial counts in every group. The highest rebound was measured in the castile soap group, which rebounded to 120% of the pretreatment level. The benzalkonium chloride group experienced a rebound to 94% of the pretreatment level. These were followed by bacitracin solution (89%) and normal saline solution (68%). In Study 2, both treatment methods were effective in removing 75% of the bacteria initially. At forty-eight hours, the bacterial levels in the pulsed lavage group rebounded to 94% of the original levels (compared with 48% in the bulb syringe group). The difference in the mean photon count ratios at forty-eight hours was significant (p = 0.048). Conclusions: Approaches used to remove bacteria from wounds, such as irrigants other than saline solution or high-pressure devices, may not have the best clinical outcome. C1 [Owens, Brett D.; White, Daniel W.; Wenke, Joseph C.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Owens, BD (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM joseph.wenke@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 91A IS 1 BP 92 EP 98 DI 10.2106/JBJS.G.01566 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 394CH UT WOS:000262422400012 PM 19122083 ER PT J AU McGhee, LL Maani, CV Garza, TH DeSocio, PA Gaylord, KM Black, IH AF McGhee, Laura L. Maani, Christopher V. Garza, Thomas H. DeSocio, Peter A. Gaylord, Kathryn M. Black, Ian H. TI The Effect of Propranolol on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Burned Service Members SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RECONSOLIDATION; INJURY; SYMPTOMS; AFGHANISTAN; PREDICTORS; DISTRESS; AMYGDALA; COMBAT; MEMORY; DRUGS AB Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is reported to affect almost one third of the civilian burn patient population. Predisposing factors for PTSD include experiencing a traumatic event. Of Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) soldiers returning home after deployment without injury, 17% reported cognitive symptoms of PTSD. The authors recent study of soldiers burned in OIF/OEF showed a PTSD prevalence of similar to 30%, which is similar to civilian studies. Burns are characterized by hypermetabolism and increased catecholamine levels. beta-Adrenergic receptor blocking agents, like propranolol, decrease catecholamine levels. Propranolol may reduce consolidation of memory and a prophylaxis for PTSD. This retrospective study examines the relationship between PTSD prevalence and propranolol administration. After institutional review board approval, propranolol received, number of surgeries, anesthetic/analgesic regimen, TBSA burned, and injury severity score were collected from patients charts. The military burn center received 603 soldiers injured in OIF/OEF, of which 226 completed the PTSD Checklist-Military. Thirty-one soldiers received propranolol and 34 matched soldiers did not. In propranolol patients, the prevalence of PTSD was 32.3% vs 26.5% in those not receiving propranolol (P = .785). These data suggest propranolol does not decrease PTSD development in burned soldiers. The prevalence of PTSD in patients receiving propranolol is the same as those not receiving propranolol. More research is needed to determine the relationship between PTSD and propranolol. (J Burn Care Res 2009;30:92-97) C1 [McGhee, Laura L.; Maani, Christopher V.; Garza, Thomas H.; DeSocio, Peter A.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Battlefield Pain Control Project Area, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Gaylord, Kathryn M.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ctr Outcomes Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Black, Ian H.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP McGhee, LL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Battlefield Pain Control Project Area, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RI DeSocio, Peter/E-2970-2011 FU US Army Institute of Surgical Research Battlefield Pain Control Project Area FX This study was supported by US Army Institute of Surgical Research Battlefield Pain Control Project Area. NR 26 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1559-047X EI 1559-0488 J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 30 IS 1 BP 92 EP 97 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181921f51 PG 6 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 393QX UT WOS:000262388900013 PM 19060728 ER PT J AU Barillo, DJ AF Barillo, David J. TI Diagnosis and Treatment of Cyanide Toxicity SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN THERAPY; SMOKE-INHALATION; HYDROXOCOBALAMIN; FIRE; INTOXICATION; COMPLICATIONS; INJURY; BLOOD; THIOCYANATE; COMBUSTION C1 [Barillo, David J.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Barillo, David J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Barillo, DJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. FU Shriners Hospital for Children [8431] FX This study was supported by Shriners Hospital for Children Grant no. 8431. NR 75 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 30 IS 1 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181923b91 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 393QX UT WOS:000262388900023 PM 19060738 ER PT J AU Wolf, SE AF Wolf, Steven E. TI Vitamin C and Smoke Inhalation Injury SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RESUSCITATION; REQUIREMENTS; REDUCTION; SHEEP AB A second potential therapeutic option for the parenchymal damage caused by inhalation injury is systemic administration of intravenous agents. The unique nature of the effects of the burn and smoke on lung physiology and immunology create new opportunities for systemic treatments targeting specific aspects of the response to injury. In addition, systemic therapies could be either isolated or combined with inhalation therapies to achieve optimal clinical response. The two articles in this section of the compendium address different, yet promising, systemic therapies: antithrombin and vitamin C. (J Burn Care Res 2009;30:184-189) C1 [Wolf, Steven E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78286 USA. [Wolf, Steven E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Wolf, SE (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78286 USA. OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 FU Sbriners Hospital [8431] FX This study was supported by a Grant 8431 from Sbriners Hospital for Children. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 30 IS 1 BP 184 EP 186 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181923ef6 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 393QX UT WOS:000262388900037 PM 19060764 ER PT J AU Latenser, BA Wolf, SE AF Latenser, Barbara A. Wolf, Steven E. TI Proposed Multicenter Studies SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 [Latenser, Barbara A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Surg, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wolf, Steven E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Wolf, Steven E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Latenser, BA (reprint author), 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52245 USA. OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 30 IS 1 BP 188 EP 189 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181923f18 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 393QX UT WOS:000262388900039 PM 19060753 ER PT J AU Chow, TM Wilcoxon, MR Piwoni, MD Maloney, SW AF Chow, Teresa M. Wilcoxon, Monte R. Piwoni, Marvin D. Maloney, Stephen W. TI Analysis of New Generation Explosives in the Presence of US EPA Method 8330 Energetic Compounds by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article C1 [Chow, Teresa M.; Wilcoxon, Monte R.; Piwoni, Marvin D.] Illinois Sustainable Technol Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Maloney, Stephen W.] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Corps Engn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. RP Chow, TM (reprint author), Illinois Sustainable Technol Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU PRESTON PUBL INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0021-9665 J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 47 IS 1 BP 40 EP 43 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 392KN UT WOS:000262301700007 PM 19161655 ER PT J AU Ngauy, V Bautista, CT Duffy, K Humphries, MJ Lewis, Y Marovich, M AF Ngauy, Viseth Bautista, Christian T. Duffy, Kathleen Humphries, M. J. Lewis, Yolanda Marovich, Mary TI Increased African-American involvement in vaccine studies SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID IMMUNOGENICITY EVALUATION; CANDIDATE VACCINE; PHASE-1 SAFETY C1 [Ngauy, Viseth; Bautista, Christian T.; Duffy, Kathleen; Humphries, M. J.; Lewis, Yolanda; Marovich, Mary] US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Ngauy, V (reprint author), US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 13 Taft Court, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM vngauy@hivresearch.org RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011 NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 62 IS 1 BP 111 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.08.009 PG 3 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 388JH UT WOS:000262015600017 PM 19095169 ER PT J AU McKinney, MD Moon, SJ Kulesh, DA Larsen, T Schoepp, RJ AF McKinney, Michelle D. Moon, Steven J. Kulesh, David A. Larsen, Thomas Schoepp, Randal J. TI Detection of viral RNA from paraffin-embedded tissues after prolonged formalin fixation SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE RNA; Virus; Detection; Formalin-fixed; Paraffin-embedded; PCR ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FLUOROGENIC 5'-NUCLEASE ASSAY; C VIRUS-RNA; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; PCR AMPLIFICATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; LIVER-TISSUE; EXTRACTION; OPTIMIZATION; SAMPLES AB Background: Isolating amplifiable RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues is more difficult than isolating DNA because of RNases, chemical modification of the RNA, and cross-linking of nucleic acids and proteins. Tissues containing infectious disease agents that require biosafety level (BSL)-3 and -4 necessitate fixation times of 21 and 30 days, respectively. Objective: To improve procedures for extracting RNA from these FFPE tissues and detect the RNA with the more sensitive TaqMan (R)-based reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. Study design: Through a single modification of a commercially available kit, we were able to extract amplifiable RNA and detect West Nile virus (WNV), Marburg virus (MARV), and Ebola virus (EBOV)-infected tissues using TaqMan (R) assays. Results: Formalin fixation results in an approximately 2 log(10) reduction in detection limit when compared to fresh tissues. Increasing proteinase K digestion (24h) improved extraction of amplifiable RNA from FFPE tissues. The TaqMan (R) results were comparable to more traditional detection results such as virus isolation. Conclusion: This improved extraction procedure for obtaining RNA combined with the TaqMan (R) RT-PCR assays permit retrospective and prospective studies on FFPE tissues infected with BSL-3 and -4 pathogens. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McKinney, Michelle D.; Kulesh, David A.; Schoepp, Randal J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [McKinney, Michelle D.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, GEO CENTERS Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Moon, Steven J.; Larsen, Thomas] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schoepp, RJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM randal.schoepp@us.army.mil NR 26 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 39 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.09.003 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 398WA UT WOS:000262761000009 PM 18977691 ER PT J AU Rosati, JD Stone, GW AF Rosati, Julie Dean Stone, Gregory W. TI Geomorphologic Evolution of Barrier Islands along the Northern US Gulf of Mexico and Implications for Engineering Design in Barrier Restoration SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Morphology; coastal processes; restoration; beach nourishment ID LOUISIANA COAST; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; LEVEL; MODEL; STORM; SEA; OVERWASH; ALABAMA; EROSION; ARC AB Aspects of northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) (Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida panhandle) processes and barrier islands that are pertinent to their geomorphologic response are contrasted with the broader knowledge base summarized by SCHWARTz (1973) and LEATHERMAN (1979, 1985). Salient findings from studies documenting the short-term (storm-induced; timescales of hours, days, and weeks) and long-term (timescales of years, decades, and centuries) response of barrier island systems in the NGOM are synthesized into a conceptual model. The conceptual model illustrates the hypothetical evolution of three barrier island morphologies as they evolve through a typical Category 1-2 hurricane, including poststorm recovery (days to weeks) and long-term evolution (years to decades). Primary factors in barrier island geomorphologic response to storms, regardless of location, are the elevation of the island relative to storm (surge plus setup) elevation, and duration of the storm. Unique aspects of the NGOM barrier islands, compared with knowledge summarized for other barrier types, include (1) storm paths, wind speed, and large bays that create the potential for both Gulf and bayshore erosion and (2) in Louisiana and Mississippi, the potential for loading of the underlying substrate by the barrier island, which, through time, increases consolidation, relative sea level rise, overwash, morphologic change, and migration. We recommend that design of large-scale beach restoration projects incorporate the potential for (1) time-dependent consolidation of the underlying sediment due to project loading and future migration, (2) Gulf and bayshore erosion and overwash, and (3) eolian transport toward the Gulf from north winds. C1 [Rosati, Julie Dean] USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res & Dev, Mobile, AL 36628 USA. [Stone, Gregory W.] Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Stone, Gregory W.] Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Rosati, JD (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res & Dev, 109 St Joseph St,POB 2288, Mobile, AL 36628 USA. EM Julie.D.Rosati@usace.army.mil NR 61 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 8 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 25 IS 1 BP 8 EP 22 DI 10.2112/07-0934.1 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 397YS UT WOS:000262698900002 ER PT J AU Nakano, VM Croisant, WJ Abraham, DM AF Nakano, Victor M. Croisant, William J., Jr. Abraham, Dulcy M. TI Methodology to Assess Building Designs for Protection against Internal Chemical and Biological Threats SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASCE International Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering CY JUL 24-27, 2007 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP ASCE DE Building design; Terrorism; Chemicals; Security ID POLLUTANT RELEASES AB Recent world events involving chemical and biological (CB) attacks within critical infrastructure have highlighted a potential threat to buildings and their occupants. As a result, protecting buildings from CB attacks has become an important design consideration. A methodology has been developed to provide decision makers with the ability to assess multiple building designs for protection against an internal CB release. This methodology includes modeling and simulation of CB contaminant dispersion, a quantitative means to calculate a building's protection level, and a weighted sum, multiple objective optimization for design selection. This paper outlines the phases in the methodology, and focuses on the application of multizone modeling and optimization techniques to compare design alternatives. The assessment of design options for CB protection in a hospital emergency room is used as an illustrative example. Optimal design options are determined based on the weighted combination functions for the building's protection level, initial capital costs, and ongoing operations and maintenance costs. C1 [Nakano, Victor M.] USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Croisant, William J., Jr.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Abraham, Dulcy M.] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Nakano, VM (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd,AMSRD ECB RT IM,Bldg E5951, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM victor.nakano@us.army.mil; william.j.croisant@usace.army.mil; dulcy@purdue.edu NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3801 J9 J COMPUT CIVIL ENG JI J. Comput. Civil. Eng. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 23 IS 1 BP 14 EP 21 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(2009)23:1(14) PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 415XL UT WOS:000263969700004 ER PT J AU Faulkner, JA Ferguson, EE AF Faulkner, Jeffrey A. Ferguson, Earl E. TI Innovations in Military Handling of Facial Trauma SO JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Craniofacial trauma; combat trauma; Iraq; maxillofacial trauma; war surgery ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; FRACTURES AB As the military medical treatment facilities of Operation Iraqi Freedom have transitioned from make-shift tent facilities to more formal fixed facilities, the capability to deliver more complex care has markedly improved. Using case presentations, the authors illustrate the integration of advances in surgical technology in managing complex and devastating craniofacial trauma at the 332nd Air Force Theater Hospital in Balad Iraq during Operation Iraqi Freedom 2006. C1 [Faulkner, Jeffrey A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Ferguson, Earl E.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Faulkner, JA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Jeffrey.faulkner@amedd.army.mil NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1049-2275 J9 J CRANIOFAC SURG JI J. Craniofac. Surg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 20 IS 1 BP 62 EP 67 DI 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181945a7a PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 399ZS UT WOS:000262838400017 PM 19164991 ER PT J AU Bangerter, C Mines, P Sweet, M AF Bangerter, Chad Mines, Pete Sweet, Mark TI The Use of Intraosseous Anesthesia among Endodontists: Results of a Questionnaire SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE Intraosseous anesthesia; Stabident; Web survey; X-Tip ID PERIODONTAL-LIGAMENT INJECTION; ALVEOLAR NERVE BLOCK; IRREVERSIBLE PULPITIS; 3-PERCENT MEPIVACAINE; 1/100,000 EPINEPHRINE; 2-PERCENT LIDOCAINE; EFFICACY; TEETH AB The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of supplemental intraosseous (IO) anesthesia among endodontists in the United States. The study also looked at the types of anesthetic solutions commonly used for IO anesthesia and in which diagnostic conditions IO anesthesia is used. A Web-based survey of 2,528 active members of the American Association of Endodontists was sent out by e-mail. Data from 833 respondents were collected with a response rate of 33%. It was discovered that 94.77% of the respondents used some form of IO anesthesia, with the periodontal ligament injection (PDL) being the most commonly administered (49.78%). Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis is the pulpal diagnosis for which respondents most often use some form of IO anesthesia (61.99%), and 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 is the most common anesthetic solution used in IO anesthesia (37.62%). Although more than half of the respondents use some form of IO anesthesia more than twice a week, newer IO anesthesia delivery systems such as Stabident (Fair-fax Dental, San Francisco, CA) and X-Tip (Dentsply International, Johnson City, TN) are used less often than the PDL injection. (J Endod 2009;35:15-18) C1 [Bangerter, Chad; Mines, Pete; Sweet, Mark] USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Bangerter, C (reprint author), Bldg D38-36 Ardennes Rd, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM chadbangerter@hotmail.com NR 17 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 35 IS 1 BP 15 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.joen.2008.10.003 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 390CA UT WOS:000262140700003 PM 19084117 ER PT J AU Creasy, JE Mines, P Sweet, M AF Creasy, Joseph E. Mines, Pete Sweet, Mark TI Surgical Trends among Endodontists: The Results of a Web-based Survey SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE Apical surgery; endodontic surgery; microsurgery; mineral trioxide aggregate; root-end surgery; ultrasonic instrumentation ID MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE; END FILLING MATERIALS; ROOT-CANAL THERAPY; SURGERY; MICROSCOPE; LEAKAGE AB The purpose of this survey was to investigate the frequency and characteristics of surgery among active endodontists in the United States. The survey also inquired about residency and postresidency training in endodontic surgery. A Web-based questionnaire regarding endodontic surgery was distributed via e-mail to 2,532 active members of the American Association of Endodontists in the United States. Data from 1,045 surveys, a 41% response rate, indicate that 91.2% of respondents are performing some form of root-end surgery with 89.6% using the operating microscope and ultrasonic instrumentation. Of those surveyed, 33.3% felt as though their endodontic residency training in surgery was inadequate, and 47.9% went on to acquire additional training in surgery postresidency. The anterior maxilla is the most common site of endodontic surgery as indicated by the respondents. Our results show that the most difficult process for surgery is access and visualization followed by root-end filling. Additionally, 53.9% of respondents answered that they are not referring any of their surgical cases, whereas 34.3% of responding endodontists are referring at least some endodontic surgery to oral surgeons; 6.6% of respondents also indicated that they are placing implants. (J Endod 2009;35:30-34) C1 [Creasy, Joseph E.; Mines, Pete; Sweet, Mark] USA, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Creasy, JE (reprint author), Rohde Dent Clin, Bldg 3836,Ardennes Rd, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM joseph.creasy@us.army.mil NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 35 IS 1 BP 30 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.joen.2008.10.008 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 390CA UT WOS:000262140700006 PM 19084120 ER PT J AU Gibson, P AF Gibson, Phillip TI Modeling Heat and Mass Transfer from Fabric-Covered Cylinders SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERED FIBERS AND FABRICS LA English DT Article ID POROUS LAYER; WIND; FLOW AB Fabric-covered cylinders are convenient analogs for clothing systems. The geometry is well defined and includes many of the effects that are important in garments. Fabric-covered cylinder models are used in conjunction with laboratory measurements of material properties to calculate heat and mass transfer properties of clothing under specific conditions of environmental wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Gibson, P (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Phillip.Gibson@us.army.mil RI Gibson, Phillip/D-2398-2010 OI Gibson, Phillip/0000-0002-6172-4438 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU INDA PI CARY PA PO BOX 1288, CARY, NC 27512-1288 USA SN 1558-9250 J9 J ENG FIBER FABR JI J. Eng. Fiber Fabr. PY 2009 VL 4 IS 1 SI SI BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 447NO UT WOS:000266198300002 ER PT J AU Dykas, B Bruckner, R DellaCorte, C Edmonds, B Prahl, J AF Dykas, Brian Bruckner, Robert DellaCorte, Christopher Edmonds, Brian Prahl, Joseph TI Design, Fabrication, and Performance of Foil Gas Thrust Bearings for Microturbomachinery Applications SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB A methodology for the design and construction of simple foil thrust bearings intended for parametric performance testing and low marginal costs is presented. Features drawn from a review of the open literature are discussed as they relate to bearing performance. The design of fixtures and tooling required to fabricate foil thrust bearings is presented, using conventional machining processes where possible. A prototype bearing with dimensions drawn from literature is constructed, with all fabrication steps described. A load-deflection curve for the bearing is presented to illustrate structural stiffness characteristics. Start-stop cycles are performed on the bearing at a temperature of 425 degrees C to demonstrate early-life wear patterns. A test of bearing load capacity demonstrates useful performance when compared with data obtained from the open literature. [DOI: 10.1115/1.2966418] C1 [Dykas, Brian] USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Bruckner, Robert; DellaCorte, Christopher; Edmonds, Brian] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Dykas, B (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 21000 Brookpark Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JAN PY 2009 VL 131 IS 1 AR 012301 DI 10.1115/1.2966418 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 442KW UT WOS:000265841100010 ER PT J AU Ringelberg, DB Reynolds, CM Winfield, LE Inouye, LS Johnson, DR Bednar, AJ AF Ringelberg, D. B. Reynolds, C. M. Winfield, L. E. Inouye, L. S. Johnson, D. R. Bednar, A. J. TI Tungsten Effects on Microbial Community Structure and Activity in a Soil SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-METAL; BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES; BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SULFITE OXIDASE; MOLECULAR-BASIS; FATTY-ACIDS; MOLYBDENUM; MOLYBDATE; DEHYDROGENASE AB Tungsten, once deposited onto a soil as a result of private, industrial, and military activities, may persist as tungstate anion or, via polymerization, as a variety of poly-tungstate species, each with varying solubility and soil sorption characteristics. In this study, the impact of weathered tungsten on a soil microbial community was measured. Fatty acid analyses indicated that weathered tungsten at <= 2500 mg kg(-1) was associated with a significant increase in microbial biomass and that concentrations up to 6500 mg kg(-1) did not result in a significant decrease in measured biomass, relative to the control. Analysis of cellular fatty acids also identified significant microbial community shifts between 0 and 325, 1300 and 2600, and 3900 and 6500 mg W kg(-1) soil. In general, the positive effect of tungsten on microbial biomass coincided with an increase in Gram-negative bacterial fatty acids, whereas fatty acids indicative of actinomycetes and Gram-positive bacteria were more abundant at the highest soil tungsten concentrations. The weathered tungsten also inhibited N(2) fixing activity of a free living diazotroph at >= 1300 mg W kg(-1) soil. These results indicate that tungsten in soil can alter both the structure and the function of an indigenous soil microbial community. C1 [Ringelberg, D. B.; Reynolds, C. M.] USA, ERCD CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Winfield, L. E.; Inouye, L. S.; Johnson, D. R.; Bednar, A. J.] USA, ERDC CL, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ringelberg, DB (reprint author), USA, ERCD CRREL, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM David.B.Ringelberg@usace.army.mil NR 40 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 103 EP 110 DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0022 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500012 PM 19141799 ER PT J AU Ottinger, MA Lavoie, ET Abdelnabi, M Quinn, MJ Marcell, A Dean, K AF Ottinger, Mary Ann Lavoie, Emma T. Abdelnabi, Mahmoud Quinn, Michael J., Jr. Marcell, Allegra Dean, Karen TI An Overview of Dioxin-Like Compounds, PCB, and Pesticide Exposures Associated with Sexual Differentiation of Neuroendocrine Systems, Fluctuating Asymmetry, and Behavioral Effects in Birds SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART C-ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Sexual differentiation; endocrine disrupting chemicals; precocial birds; semi-altricial birds; altricial birds; lifetime fitness ID GULLS LARUS-ARGENTATUS; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; SWALLOWS TACHYCINETA-BICOLOR; COTURNIX-COTURNIX-JAPONICA; LAWRENCE-RIVER BASIN; MALE JAPANESE-QUAIL; HERRING-GULLS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; ZEBRA FINCHES AB Dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticides impact neural systems in birds due to interference with sexual differentiation. Early endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) effects may delay maturation and have long-term effects on lifetime reproduction, especially in precocial birds that complete sexual differentiation prior to hatch. Semi-altricial and altricial species appear more resilient to EDC effects and show a gradient in sensitivity, especially in the neuroplastic song system. Embryonic steroid exposure occurs via maternally deposited steroids followed by embryo produced hormones; EDCs potentially affect these developing systems. As such, EDCs can impact lifelong fitness by acting on neural systems that regulate reproduction, metabolism, and behavior. C1 [Ottinger, Mary Ann; Lavoie, Emma T.; Marcell, Allegra] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Abdelnabi, Mahmoud] Univ Assiut, Dept Anim Sci, Assiut, Egypt. [Quinn, Michael J., Jr.; Dean, Karen] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Ottinger, MA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM maottinger@umresearch.umd.edu FU EPA [R826134010, R-82877801]; Battelle contract for EPA-EDSTAC validation studies; NRI [92-37203]; NSF [9817024]; MAES, University of Maryland, College Park; Fish and Wildlife Service FX This review reflects the scientific conclusions of the authors based on studies that have been supported in part by EPA grants # R826134010 (Star Grant) and R-82877801; Battelle contract for EPA-EDSTAC validation studies, NRI # 92-37203 and NSF # 9817024; MAES, University of Maryland, College Park; Fish and Wildlife Service. The authors also appreciate our wonderful collaborators and students, who have made these studies possible, including Ashley Barton, Kasen Whitehouse, Barnett Rattner, Mark Jaber, Joanne Beavers, Sara Pollack, Brandon Sitzmann, Kara Duffy, Anna Schlappal, Marci Strauss, Kimya Davani, and Krisztina Larson. NR 78 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1059-0501 EI 1532-4095 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL C JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Pt. C-Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev. PY 2009 VL 27 IS 4 BP 286 EP 300 AR PII 917258325 DI 10.1080/10590500903310229 PG 15 WC Oncology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Oncology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 525QO UT WOS:000272231600006 PM 19953400 ER PT J AU Lee, LT Freeman, RB AF Lee, Landris T., Jr. Freeman, Reed B. TI Dual-Weight Fall Cone Method for Simultaneous Liquid and Plastic Limit Determination SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SMALL RING; SOILS; STRENGTH AB Simultaneously assessing liquid limit and plastic limit using a single laboratory test procedure and comparing the results to the standard test methods has not been noted in the published literature. This paper describes an innovative empirical approach that yields Atterberg limit values utilizing a dual-weight fall cone procedure and compares the values with those obtained by traditional Atterberg limits tests. C1 [Lee, Landris T., Jr.; Freeman, Reed B.] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Lee, LT (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Landris.T.Lee@usace.army.mil; Reed.B.Freeman@usace.army.mil2 NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 135 IS 1 BP 158 EP 161 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2009)135:1(158) PG 4 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 403WB UT WOS:000263111600014 ER PT J AU Horhold, MW Albert, MR Freitag, J AF Hoerhold, Maria W. Albert, Mary R. Freitag, Johannes TI The impact of accumulation rate on anisotropy and air permeability of polar firn at a high-accumulation site SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEAR-SURFACE FIRN; SNOW; METAMORPHISM; ANTARCTICA; TRANSPORT AB The first three-dimensional properties of polar firn obtained by X-ray microtomography are used to study the microstructure of snow on a 15 m deep firn core from West Antarctica. The snow is found to undergo coarsening down to approximately 2.5 m depth before grain growth and densification become the prevalent mechanisms of microstructure change. In contrast to previous assumptions, distinct anisotropy of the ice and pore geometry is observed throughout the profile, with a maximum at 2.5 m depth. The air permeability and the degree of anisotropy vary with depth and can be linked to short-term changes in accumulation rate via the residence time for which a certain snow layer stays in the uppermost 2.5 m. Patterns of the degree of anisotropy and air permeability of buried polar firn are relative indicators of past accumulation rates. C1 [Hoerhold, Maria W.; Freitag, Johannes] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. [Albert, Mary R.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Horhold, MW (reprint author), Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. EM Maria.Hoerhold@awi.de OI Albert, Mary/0000-0001-7842-2359 FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [FR2527/1-1]; German Academic Exchange Division (DAAD); US National Science Foundation [NSF-OPP 0538492, NSF-OPP 0229527] FX We thank the US ITASE field team 2002 for drilling the core, and D. Dixon from University of Maine for providing the accumulation rate data of the site. This work was funded in part by German Science Foundation (DFG) grant FR2527/1-1 and supported by the German Academic Exchange Division (DAAD) and funded in part by US National Science Foundation grants NSF-OPP 0538492 and NSF-OPP 0229527 to M. Albert. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU INT GLACIOL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0022-1430 EI 1727-5652 J9 J GLACIOL JI J. Glaciol. PY 2009 VL 55 IS 192 BP 625 EP 630 PG 6 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 501WT UT WOS:000270415200005 ER PT J AU Wolf, JM Sturdivant, RX Owens, BD AF Wolf, Jennifer Moriatis Sturdivant, Rodney X. Owens, Brett D. TI Incidence of de Quervain's Tenosynovitis in a Young, Active Population SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article DE de Quervain's; tenosynovitis; epidemiology; military ID UPPER-EXTREMITY; DISEASE; DISORDERS AB Purpose De Quervain's tenosynovitis is thought to occur most frequently in women, with presentation of pain and swelling in the first dorsal extensor sheath. The epidemiology of this extensor tendinitis is not well described. We evaluated the incidence and demographic risk factors for de Quervain's tenosynovitis using a large database of military personnel. Methods The, Defense Medical Epidemiology Database (DMED) collects International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, and Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) coding information for every patient encounter occurring for United States military personnel. We queried the DMED system by race, gender, military service, rank, and age for the years 1998-2006 using the ICD-9 code 727.04, limiting data to first presentations. Multivariate Poisson regression was used to estimate the rate of de Quervain's tenosynovitis per 1000 person-years, as well as incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results There were 11,332 cases of de Quervain's tenosynovitis in the population at risk of 12,117,749 person-years. Women had a significantly higher rate of de Quervain's tenosynovitis at 2.8 cases per 1000 person-years, compared to men at 0.6 per 1000 person-years. Age greater than 40 was also a significant risk factor, with this age category showing a rate of 2.0 per 1000 person-years compared to 0.6 per 1000 in personnel under 20 years. There was also a racial difference, with blacks affected at 1.3 per 1000 person-years compared to whites at 0.8. Conclusions In analysis of a large population, we have described the epidemiology of stenosing tenosynovitis of the first extensor compartment. Risk factors for de Quervain's in our population include female gender, age greater than 40, and black race. (J Hand Surg 2009;34A:112-115. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand.) C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Denver, CO USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Wolf, JM (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Orthopaed, 12631 E 17th Ave,Room 4602, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Jennifer.Wolf@ucdenver.edu NR 10 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 14 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 34A IS 1 BP 112 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.08.020 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 397SJ UT WOS:000262682100019 PM 19081683 ER PT J AU Dewey, WS Richard, RL Hedman, TL Chapman, TT Quick, CD Renz, EM Blackbourne, LH Wolf, SE Holcomb, JB AF Dewey, W. S. Richard, R. L. Hedman, T. L. Chapman, T. T. Quick, C. D. Renz, E. M. Blackbourne, L. H. Wolf, S. E. Holcomb, J. B. TI Opposition Splint for Partial Thumb Amputation: A Case Study Measuring Disability before and after Splint Use SO JOURNAL OF HAND THERAPY LA English DT Article CT 29th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hand-Therapists CY SEP, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hand Therapists ID IMPAIRMENT; BURNS AB Study Design: Case report. Introduction: A combined burn and a partial amputation can be extremely debilitating as the thumb constitutes 40% of the entire hand when evaluating functional impairment. Purpose of the Study: Measure disability with and without Opposition splint use after partial thumb amputation due to a burn. Methods: Impairment and disability measures were completed at discharge from the hospital and subsequently during outpatient follow-up visits while wearing and not wearing a thumb opposition splint at 3, 6, 8, and 15 months. Comparisons between disability and impairment scores were assessed over time. Results: The difference between DASH scores with and without using the splint were 25 at 3 months, 16 at 6 months, 10 at 8 months, and 12 at 15 months. Conclusions: Splint use in this case demonstrated clinically significant changes over time with minimal changes in impairment indicating enhanced function and improved patient perception of disability. Level of Evidence: 4 C1 [Dewey, W. S.; Richard, R. L.; Hedman, T. L.; Chapman, T. T.; Quick, C. D.; Renz, E. M.; Blackbourne, L. H.; Wolf, S. E.; Holcomb, J. B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Army Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Dewey, WS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Army Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM scott.dewey@amedd.army.mil OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0894-1130 J9 J HAND THER JI J. Hand Ther. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 22 IS 1 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.jht.2008.08.004 PG 8 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Surgery GA 407UI UT WOS:000263389400012 PM 18986797 ER PT J AU French, LM AF French, Louis M. TI TBI in the Military Preface SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID INJURY C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP French, LM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 427GT UT WOS:000264768500002 PM 19158590 ER PT J AU Terrio, H Brenner, LA Ivins, BJ Cho, JM Helmick, K Schwab, K Scally, K Bretthauer, R Warden, D AF Terrio, Heidi Brenner, Lisa A. Ivins, Brian J. Cho, John M. Helmick, Katherine Schwab, Karen Scally, Katherine Bretthauer, Rick Warden, Deborah TI Traumatic Brain Injury Screening: Preliminary Findings in a US Army Brigade Combat Team SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE assessment; blast; combat; deployment; Iraq; sequelae; symptoms; traumatic brain injury ID BLAST INJURY; IRAQ; AFGHANISTAN; TBI; IDENTIFICATION; RELIABILITY; NEUROTRAUMA; DEPLOYMENT; VALIDITY AB Objectives: The objective of this article is to report the proportion of soldiers in a Brigade Combat Team (BCT) with at least 1 clinician-confirmed deployment-acquired traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to describe the nature of sequelae associated with such injuries. Participants: Members of an Army unit (n = 3973) that served in Iraq were screened for history of TBI. Those reporting an injury (n = 1292) were further evaluated regarding sequelae. Of the injuries suffered, 907 were TBIs and 385 were other types of injury. The majority of TBIs sustained were mild. Methods: Postdeployment, responses to the Warrior Administered Retrospective Casualty Assessment Tool (WARCAT) facilitated clinical interviews regarding injury history and associated somatic (ie, headache, dizziness, balance) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (le, irritability, memory). Traumatic brain injury diagnosis was based on the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine mild TBI criteria, which requires an injury event followed by an alteration in consciousness. Results:A total of 22.8% of soldiers in a BCT returning from Iraq had clinician-confirmed TBI. Those with TBI were significantly more likely to recall somatic and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms immediately postinjury and endorse symptoms at follow-up than were soldiers without a history of deployment-related TBI. A total of 33.4% of soldiers with TBI reported 3 or more symptoms immediately postinjury compared with 7.5% at postdeployment. For soldiers injured without TBI, rates of 3 or more symptoms postinjury and postdeployment were 2.9% and 2.3%, respectively. In those with TBI, headache and dizziness were most frequently reported postinjury, with irritability and memory problems persisting and presenting over time. Conclusion: Following deployment to Iraq, a clinician-confirmed TBI history was identified in 22.8% of soldiers from a BCT Those with TBI were significantly more likely to report postinjury and postdeployment somatic and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms than those without this injury history. Overall, symptom endorsement decreased over time. C1 [Terrio, Heidi; Cho, John M.; Scally, Katherine; Bretthauer, Rick] Evans Army Community Hosp, Dept Deployment Hlth & Headquarters, Ft Carson, CO USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO USA. [Brenner, Lisa A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Denver, CO USA. [Terrio, Heidi; Ivins, Brian J.; Helmick, Katherine; Schwab, Karen; Warden, Deborah] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Terrio, H (reprint author), 1853 Oconnell Blvd,Bldg 1042,Room 107, Ft Carson, CO 80913 USA. EM heidi.terrio@amedd.army.mil FU Fort Carson Leadership; Evans Community Hospital staff; Great Plains Regional Medical Command; Office of the Army Surgeon General; Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center; TBI Task Force FX This project could not have been completed without the tremendous effort put forth by the Fort Carson Soldier Readiness Center Staff. The authors also acknowledge the support provided by the Fort Carson Leadership, Evans Community Hospital staff, Great Plains Regional Medical Command, Office of the Army Surgeon General, Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, and TBI Task Force. In addition, the editorial assistance of Dr Sheila Saliman and Lisa Betthauser is greatly appreciated. NR 32 TC 350 Z9 353 U1 4 U2 25 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 14 EP 23 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 427GT UT WOS:000264768500004 PM 19158592 ER PT J AU Weichel, EA Colyer, MH Bautista, C Bower, KS French, LM AF Weichel, Eric A. Colyer, Marcus H. Bautista, Charisma Bower, Kraig S. French, Louis M. TI Traumatic Brain Injury Associated With Combat Ocular Trauma SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE closed-globe; ocular trauma; open-globe; Operation Iraqi Freedom; traumatic brain injury ID HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; REHABILITATION; IRAQ; WAR; AFGHANISTAN; IMPAIRMENT; DEPRESSION; MANAGEMENT; OUTCOMES AB Purpose: To determine the impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on visual outcomes in combat ocular trauma (COT) and determine the association between TBI severity and types of ocular injuries. Participants: One hundred fifty-two US casualties sustained 207 globe/oculoplastic combat injuries. Methods: Retrospective, hospital-based cross-sectional study of US service members injured during Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom were treated by the Ophthalmology Service at Walter Reed Army Medical Center and screened for TBI by the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center from August 2004 to October 2006. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measure was best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Secondary outcome measures included the severity and frequency of TBI with globe, oculoplastic, and/or neuro-ophthalmic injury. Results: The frequency of COT with positive TBI screening was 101 of 152 cases (66%) in comparison with negative TBI screening, which was 51 of 152 (34%) cases. The Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center found TBI with concomitant ocular trauma in 101 of 474 (21%) consecutive casualties. Explosive fragmentary munitions accounted for 79% of TBI-associated COT The median follow-up was 185 days. Traumatic brain injury severity did not correlate with worse final BCVA (Spearman coefficient, r = 0.12). The odds that BCVA worse than 20/200 was present with TBI was not statistically significant (OR: 1.5; 95% CI, 0.9-2.6; P =. 10). The presence of TBI in COT was not associated with worse visual outcome (Mann-Whitney U test,P = .10). Globe injuries were more common than oculoplastic or neuro-ophthalmic injury. Closed-globe injuries were more likely to have TBI than open-globe injuries (OR: 2.17; 95% CI, 1.12-4.21; P = .03). Traumatic brain injury severity associated with COT included mild TBI (31%), moderate TBI (30%), severe TBI (25%), and penetrating TBI (14%). Severe TBI is more frequently associated with COT Conclusion: Traumatic brain injury occurs in two thirds of all COT and ocular trauma is a common finding in all TBI cases. Closed-globe injuries are at highest risk for TBI while TBI does not appear to lead to poorer visual outcomes. Every patient with COT needs TBI screening. Those service members who are screened TBI positive need a referral to a TBI rehabilitation specialist. C1 [Weichel, Eric A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [French, Louis M.] Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Weichel, Eric A.] NEI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bautista, Charisma; Bower, Kraig S.; French, Louis M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Weichel, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM eweichel@hotmail.com NR 48 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 41 EP 50 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 427GT UT WOS:000264768500007 PM 19158595 ER PT J AU Gastaldelli, A Balas, B Belfort, R Harrison, S Finch, J Ciociaro, D Darland, C Schenker, S Cusi, K AF Gastaldelli, A. Balas, B. Belfort, R. Harrison, S. Finch, J. Ciociaro, D. Darland, C. Schenker, S. Cusi, K. TI METABOLIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF PIOGLITAZONE (PIO) TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS (NASH) AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH HISTOLOGICAL IMPROVEMENT SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver CY APR 22-26, 2009 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP European Assoc Study Liver C1 [Gastaldelli, A.; Ciociaro, D.] Fdn G Monasterio, Metab Unit, Pisa, Italy. [Gastaldelli, A.; Ciociaro, D.] CNR, IFC, I-56100 Pisa, Italy. [Harrison, S.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM amalia@ifc.cnr.it RI Belfort Jr, Rubens/E-2252-2012 OI Belfort Jr, Rubens/0000-0002-8422-3898 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PY 2009 VL 50 MA 55 BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 450EV UT WOS:000266384700056 ER PT J AU Sulkowski, M Shiffman, M Afdhal, N Reddy, R McCone, J Lee, W Herrine, S Harrison, S Deng, W Brass, C Koury, K Noviello, S Albrecht, J McHutchison, J AF Sulkowski, M. Shiffman, M. Afdhal, N. Reddy, R. McCone, J. Lee, W. Herrine, S. Harrison, S. Deng, W. Brass, C. Koury, K. Noviello, S. Albrecht, J. McHutchison, J. TI HEMOGLOBIN DECLINE IS ASSOCIATED WITH SVR AMONG HCV GENOTYPE 1-INFECTED PERSONS TREATED WITH PEGINTERFERON (PEG)/RIBAVIRIN (RBV): ANALYSIS FROM THE IDEAL STUDY SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver CY APR 22-26, 2009 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP European Assoc Study Liver C1 [Sulkowski, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Shiffman, M.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA. [Afdhal, N.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Reddy, R.] Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Philadelphia, PA USA. [McCone, J.] McCone Endoscopy Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. [Lee, W.] Clin Ctr Liver Dis, Dallas, TX USA. [Herrine, S.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Harrison, S.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Deng, W.; Brass, C.; Koury, K.; Noviello, S.; Albrecht, J.] Schering Plough Res Inst, Kenilworth, NJ USA. [McHutchison, J.] Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. EM msulkows@jhmi.edu NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PY 2009 VL 50 MA 126 BP S51 EP S52 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 450EV UT WOS:000266384700127 ER PT J AU Tuthill, C Verjee, S Dye, R Dye, H Phenis, K Chu, WA Chen, C Bilir, B Camacho, K Gordon, S Lipson, B Pockros, P Sherker, A Sherman, K Sjogren, M Snyder, N Thuluvath, P Rios, I AF Tuthill, C. Verjee, S. Dye, R. Dye, H. Phenis, K. Chu, W. A. Chen, C. Bilir, B. Camacho, K. Gordon, S. Lipson, B. Pockros, P. Sherker, A. Sherman, K. Sjogren, M. Snyder, N. Thuluvath, P. Rios, I. TI TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS C WITH THE IMMUNE-STIMULATING DIPEPTIDE SCV-07 SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver CY APR 22-26, 2009 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP European Assoc Study Liver C1 [Tuthill, C.; Phenis, K.; Chu, W. A.; Chen, C.; Rios, I.] SciClone Pharmaceut Inc, Foster City, CA USA. [Verjee, S.] Versante Int Inc, Piedmont, CA USA. [Dye, R.; Dye, H.] Underwood Res, Underwood, WA USA. [Bilir, B.] Arapahoe Gastroenterol, Littleton, CO USA. [Camacho, K.] Accelovance, Peoria, IL USA. [Gordon, S.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. [Lipson, B.] Liver Kidney & Internal Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Pockros, P.] Scripps Clin, La Jolla, CA USA. [Sherker, A.] Washington Hosp Ctr, Medstar Res Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Sherman, K.] Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Sjogren, M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Snyder, N.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX USA. [Thuluvath, P.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM ctuthill@sciclone.com NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PY 2009 VL 50 MA 647 BP S238 EP S238 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 450EV UT WOS:000266384701131 ER PT J AU Balunis, T Hemphill, W AF Balunis, Timothy, Jr. Hemphill, William TI Escaping the Entanglement: Reversing Jurisdictional Fragmentation over the Department of Homeland Security SO JOURNAL OF HOMELAND SECURITY AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE congress; committees; oversight; jurisdiction; fragmentation; reform AB The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was born in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, and represents one of the largest ever reorganizations of the U. S. government. Although the department's creation precipitated a complex conglomeration of 22 diverse agencies and offices, the institutional response in the U. S. Congress has been similarly complex. Ambiguities in the jurisdictions of congressional committees, exacerbated by the emergence of new homeland security issues, have led to a highly fragmented oversight of the six-year-old department. In the 110(th) Congress, for example, 86 committees and subcommittees asserted some form of jurisdiction over the DHS. After considering the effects of fragmentation on the DHS, this paper considers the experience of three other, relatively young departments. In doing so, it becomes evident that the DHS' experience is anomalous among executive departments. Analysis of hearing data from 2007-2008 reveals a number of key faultlines in committee jurisdictions over the DHS. After probing those areas of contention between committees, this paper makes recommendations as to what jurisdictional changes can be made to reverse the fragmentation trend in Congress. Lastly, success in consolidating congressional jurisdiction over the DHS must be politically realistic, acknowledging likely institutional resistance. While the ideal strategy would be immediate statutory reforms to committee jurisdictions in the 111(th) Congress, a more incremental campaign to streamline oversight of the DHS may be necessary in the long run. Through the implementation of these proposals, the debilitating effects of fragmentation on senior department leadership and mission execution can be minimized. C1 [Balunis, Timothy, Jr.] US Coast Guard Acad, New London, CT 06320 USA. [Hemphill, William] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Balunis, T (reprint author), US Coast Guard Acad, New London, CT 06320 USA. EM timothy.g.balunis@uscga.edu; hemperor1976@yahoo.com NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BERKELEY ELECTRONIC PRESS PI BERKELEY PA 2809 TELEGRAPH AVENUE, STE 202, BERKELEY, CA 94705 USA SN 1547-7355 J9 J HOMEL SECUR EMERG JI J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 AR 58 PG 19 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA 490BY UT WOS:000269473300004 ER PT J AU Smith, E AF Smith, Eugene TI WMD Terrorism: Science and Policy Choices. SO JOURNAL OF HOMELAND SECURITY AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Book Review C1 [Smith, Eugene] USA, Deputy Director Installat Management Command Paci, Ft Shafter, HI 96858 USA. RP Smith, E (reprint author), USA, Deputy Director Installat Management Command Paci, Ft Shafter, HI 96858 USA. EM eugene.b.smith@us.army.mil NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1547-7355 J9 J HOMEL SECUR EMERG JI J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 AR 87 PG 5 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA 538VD UT WOS:000273211400006 ER PT J AU Sinclair, GD AF Sinclair, G. Dean TI Homosexuality and the Military: A Review of the Literature SO JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY LA English DT Article DE homosexual; discrimination; unit cohesion; positive contact hypothesis; military; odon't ask; don't tello ID GAY MEN; HETEROSEXUALS ATTITUDES; US MILITARY; INTEGRATION; PERSONNEL; LESBIANS; CONTACT AB Homosexual men and women have been subjected to constant discrimination and stigma while trying to do what most heterosexual individuals take for granted, serving their country. It is somewhat paradoxical that gays and lesbians who are treated as second-class citizens by their own country and government, with limited rights, would want to risk their lives and potentially die for that same country. As the literature illustrates, many homosexual men and women have chosen such a profession in order to justify their existence and demonstrate that they are worthy of the same rights as others. Just as women and African Americans eventually earned their status as equal members of society and proved their worthiness to serve in the military, homosexuals are now trying to achieve the same. C1 USA, Washington, DC USA. RP Sinclair, GD (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC USA. EM dsin2000@yahoo.com NR 63 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 0091-8369 J9 J HOMOSEXUAL JI J. Homosex. PY 2009 VL 56 IS 6 BP 701 EP 718 AR PII 913655624 DI 10.1080/00918360903054137 PG 18 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 479ZY UT WOS:000268702300002 PM 19657931 ER PT J AU Scheffermann, JM Stockstill, RL AF Scheffermann, Jens M. Stockstill, Richard L. TI Pressures and discharges during operation of a lock valve, physical and numerical model results SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Computational fluid dynamics; culverts; navigation locks; valves AB The applicability of the commercial CFD-Program STAR-CD for hydraulic problems was evaluated by the pressure distribution downstream of an opening lock valve. Various valve operation speeds were modeled. This gave information about the possibility to simulate the flow around and induced by moving structures. Results of the numerical simulations were compared with results of physical model tests. Differences between measured and computed pressures in the unsteady flow were in a range of 1-2 percent, although the maximum differences in flow rates were about 15 percent. C1 [Scheffermann, Jens M.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Franzius Inst Hydraul Waterways & Coastal Engn, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Stockstill, Richard L.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Scheffermann, JM (reprint author), Leibniz Univ Hannover, Franzius Inst Hydraul Waterways & Coastal Engn, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC HYDRAULIC RESEARCH PI MADRID PA PASEO BAJO VIRGEN DEL PUERTO, 3, 28005 MADRID, SPAIN SN 0022-1686 J9 J HYDRAUL RES JI J. Hydraul. Res. PY 2009 VL 47 IS 1 BP 137 EP 141 DI 10.3826/jhr.2009.2890 PG 5 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 415BC UT WOS:000263908300014 ER PT J AU Quinn, MJ McFarland, CA LaFiandra, EM Johnson, MS AF Quinn, Michael J., Jr. McFarland, Craig A. LaFiandra, Emily M. Johnson, Mark S. TI A preliminary assessment of relative sensitivities to foreign red blood cell challenges in the northern bobwhite for potential evaluation of immunotoxicity SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian; humoral response; bobwhite quail; immunotoxicological methods; foreign red blood cells ID JAPANESE QUAIL AB Many environmental toxins have been shown to suppress the immune system across taxa. The foreign red blood cell (RBC) challenge is an important part of a complement of tests used to assess immunocompetence in the laboratory because it can assess an individual's humoral response without impacting its health. This challenge is used commonly across species and measures antibody titers in response to an intraperitoneal, intravenous, or subcutaneous injection of foreign RBCs. Determination of the best appropriate foreign RBC challenge is therefore important when designing tests for evaluation of humoral responses. The northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) is a commonly used species for avian toxicity tests, however little is known about the relative sensitivities of its humoral responses to foreign erythrocytes. In this pilot study, we exposed adult quail to intravenous injections of 5% solutions of sheep, rat, rabbit, bovine, or chicken erythrocytes and performed antibody titers [hemagglutination assay for total immunoglobulin (Ig), IgG, and IgM] for primary and secondary responses. Although the bobwhites appeared to respond strongly to rat RBCs, high variability in responses were observed among individuals. Chicken RBCs elicited the poorest responses for both primary and secondary challenges. Sheep and bovine RBCs were adequate antigens for this test in bobwhites. We found that rabbit erythrocytes elicited the strongest responses with the least amount of variability between individuals. Rabbit RBCs, therefore, appear to be the ideal antigen for this test of the humoral response in this species. C1 [Quinn, Michael J., Jr.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Directorate Toxicol, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21222 USA. RP Quinn, MJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Directorate Toxicol, Bldg E-2100, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21222 USA. EM michael.james.quinn@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1547-691X J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL JI J. Immunotoxicol. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 3 BP 171 EP 173 DI 10.1080/15476910903023060 PG 3 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 498TO UT WOS:000270166500003 PM 19552520 ER PT J AU McGillivray, SM Ebrahimi, CM Fisher, N Sabet, M Zhang, DX Cheng, YH Haste, NM Aroian, RV Gallo, RL Guiney, DG Friedlander, AM Koehler, TM Nizet, V AF McGillivray, Shauna M. Ebrahimi, Celia M. Fisher, Nathan Sabet, Mojgan Zhang, Dawn X. Cheng, Yahua Haste, Nina M. Aroian, Raffi V. Gallo, Richard L. Guiney, Donald G. Friedlander, Arthur M. Koehler, Theresa M. Nizet, Victor TI ClpX Contributes to Innate Defense Peptide Resistance and Virulence Phenotypes of Bacillus anthracis SO JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial peptides; Bacillus anthracis; Bacterial infection; Cathelicidins; Hemolysis; Innate immunity; Protease; Transposon mutagenesis; Virulence factor ID INVASIVE BACTERIAL-INFECTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HIMAR1-MARINER TRANSPOSON; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VITRO; PROTEASE; PROTECTS; MUTAGENESIS; INDUCTION AB Bacillus anthracis is a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Category A priority pathogen and the causative agent of the deadly disease anthrax. We applied a transposon mutagenesis system to screen for novel chromosomally encoded B. anthracis virulence factors. This approach identified ClpX, the regulatory ATPase subunit of the ClpXP protease, as essential for both the hemolytic and proteolytic phenotypes surrounding colonies of B. anthrocis grown on blood or casein agar media, respectively. Deletion of clpX attenuated lethality of B. anthracis Sterne in murine subcutaneous and inhalation infection models, and markedly reduced in vivo survival of the fully virulent B. anthracis Ames upon intraperitoneal challenge in guinea pigs. The extracellular proteolytic activity dependent upon ClpX function was linked to degradation of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides, a front-line effector of innate host defense. B. anthracis lacking ClpX were rapidly killed by cathelicidin and alpha-defensin antimicrobial peptides and lysozyme in vitro. In turn, mice lacking cathelicidin proved hyper-susceptible to lethal infection with wild-type B. anthracis Sterne, confirming cathelicidin to be a critical element of innate defense against the pathogen. We conclude that ClpX is an important factor allowing B. anthracis to subvert host immune clearance mechanisms, and thus represents a novel therapeutic target for prevention or therapy of anthrax, a foremost biodefense concern. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [McGillivray, Shauna M.; Ebrahimi, Celia M.; Zhang, Dawn X.; Nizet, Victor] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Sabet, Mojgan; Gallo, Richard L.; Guiney, Donald G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Haste, Nina M.; Nizet, Victor] Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Aroian, Raffi V.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Nizet, Victor] Rady Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. [Fisher, Nathan; Friedlander, Arthur M.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. [Cheng, Yahua; Koehler, Theresa M.] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX USA. RP Nizet, V (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat & Pharm, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mail Code 0687, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM vnizet@ucsd.edu OI Fisher, Nathan/0000-0002-2604-0719; Gallo, Richard/0000-0002-1401-7861 FU NIH [AR052728, A152453, A1065993, A133537]; NIGMS [GM068524]; The Hartwell Foundation FX This research was supported by NIH grants AR052728 (R.L.G., V.N.), A152453 (R.L.G., V.N.), A1065993 (R.V.A., V.N.) and A133537 (T.M.K.). S.M.M. was supported by an IRACDA postdoctoral fellowship from NIGMS (GM068524) and a Biomedical Research Fellowship from The Hartwell Foundation. The opinions, interpretations, conclusions and recommendations in this paper are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by I he US Army. NR 40 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-811X J9 J INNATE IMMUN JI J. Innate Immun. PY 2009 VL 1 IS 5 BP 494 EP 506 DI 10.1159/000225955 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 480MD UT WOS:000268738000011 PM 20375606 ER PT J AU Kumar, V Gupta, B Sharma, PK Mosurkal, R Parmar, VS Kumar, J Samuelson, LA Watterson, AC AF Kumar, Vijayendra Gupta, Bhavna Sharma, Pramod K. Mosurkal, Ravi Parmar, Virinder S. Kumar, Jayant Samuelson, Lynne A. Watterson, Arthur C. TI Nanocomposites and Blends of Biocatalytically Synthesized Organosilicone Co-Polymers for Flame Retardant Applications SO JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Novozyme-435; Candida Antarctica Lipase B; Organosilicon co-polymer; flame retardant polymers; nanocomposites; nanoclay; polypropylene; polyethylene; thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); pyrolysis-combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) ID POLYMERS AB The great synthetic flexibility of organosilicone polymers, their ease of processing, low cost, and nontoxic nature present an attractive alternative solution over current flame retardant materials. Novozyme-435 catalyzed amidation reaction with silicone-based oligomer was carried out to scale up the synthesis of co-polymer which was fully characterized from its detailed spectroscopic studies. Synthesized co-polymer was compounded in polyolefins for flame retardant applications. Nanoclay [Cloisite 20A, 2C18 MMT (dimethylditallowammonium-/dimethyldioctadecylammonium-modified montmorillonite)] was used as a potential additive in co-polymer, which was then blended with polyolefins to improve their thermal as well as flame retardant properties. The present work provides an initial exciting basis for the enzymatic synthesis of silicon based co-polymers in bulk and their flame retardant applications. C1 [Kumar, Vijayendra; Gupta, Bhavna; Sharma, Pramod K.; Parmar, Virinder S.; Kumar, Jayant; Watterson, Arthur C.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Kumar, Vijayendra; Gupta, Bhavna; Mosurkal, Ravi; Parmar, Virinder S.; Kumar, Jayant; Watterson, Arthur C.] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Sharma, Pramod K.; Parmar, Virinder S.] Univ Delhi, Dept Chem, Bioorgan Lab, Delhi 110007, India. [Mosurkal, Ravi; Samuelson, Lynne A.] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Watterson, AC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem, Inst Nanosci & Engn Technol, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM arthur_watterson@uml.edu RI MOSURKAL, RAVI/P-6981-2015 FU National Research Council; NSRDEC FX We thank the University of Massachusetts for the financial support. Authors thank Novozyme, Denmark for the enzyme Novozyme-435, Basell, MD for powdered polypropylene ( PX PH350) resin and Exon Mobile for powdered polyethylene resin. We also thank National Research Council for a senior research associateship at NSRDEC. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1060-1325 J9 J MACROMOL SCI A JI J. Macromol. Sci. Part A-Pure Appl. Chem. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1199 EP 1204 AR PII 916556029 DI 10.1080/10601320903340218 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 516TT UT WOS:000271566600009 ER PT J AU Yan, FD Huh, P Li, L Wang, YP Samuelson, LA Kumar, J AF Yan, Fadong Huh, Pilho Li, Lian Wang, Yanping Samuelson, Lynne A. Kumar, Jayant TI Photovoltaic Performance Enhancement in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Periodic Surface Relief Structures SO JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Dye-sensitized solar cell; relief TiO2 structure; template; light-trapping ID POLYMER-FILMS; RUTHENIUM SENSITIZERS; TIO2; GRATINGS; LIGHT AB One-dimensional and two-dimensional periodic TiO2 relief structures were incorporated in dye-sensitized solar cells. The periodic TiO2 structures were fabricated using surface relief gratings photoinscribed on azobenzene functionalized polymer films as templates and TiO2 sol-gel solution. Enhancement of power conversion of the solar cells made with the relief TiO2 structures was achieved. This enhancement suggests that the relief TiO2 structures can offer efficient light-trapping with the increased effective optical-path length in the solar cells. C1 [Yan, Fadong; Huh, Pilho; Wang, Yanping; Kumar, Jayant] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Li, Lian; Samuelson, Lynne A.] USA, Army Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA USA. RP Kumar, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM jayant_kumar@uml.edu FU U. S. Army Natick Soldier Research; Development and Engineering Center [W911QY-06-C-0060]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-0601602]; Senior National Research Council; Development and Engineering Center FX This research was supported by U. S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center (W911QY-06-C-0060) and National Science Foundation (ECCS-0601602). Part of the research was performed while LL held the Senior National Research Council Research Associateship at U. S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1060-1325 J9 J MACROMOL SCI A JI J. Macromol. Sci. Part A-Pure Appl. Chem. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1213 EP 1216 AR PII 916557487 DI 10.1080/10601320903340283 PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 516TT UT WOS:000271566600011 ER PT J AU Mosurkal, R Samuelson, LA Tewari, A Watterson, AC Parmar, VS Kumar, J AF Mosurkal, Ravi Samuelson, Lynne A. Tewari, Arti Watterson, Arthur C. Parmar, Virinder S. Kumar, Jayant TI Crosslinking of Polydimethyl Siloxane Copolymers with Aromatic Dianhydrides: The Study of Thermal and Flame Retardant Properties SO JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Polysiloxane copolymers; crosslinking; dianhydride; flame retardant ID BIOCATALYTIC SYNTHESIS AB Aromatic dianhydrides have been identified as potential candidates for crosslinking with biocatalytically synthesized siloxane copolymers containing a functional amino group on the isophthalate moieties. We present the synthesis, characterization, thermal and flame retardant properties of this novel class of crosslinked organo-siloxane copolymers. We also discuss the effect of the concentration of one of the crosslinkers, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (DAH), on thermal decomposition and flame retardant properties using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) studies. The char yields were improved in all the polymers crosslinked with the various aromatic dianhydrides. The heat release capacity of a polymer crosslinked with 20% DAH, compared to the pure polymer, was tremendously reduced from 190 J/gK to 100 J/gK. The decomposition kinetics from TGA showed that the crosslinked polymer is thermally more stable than the non-crosslinked polymer. C1 [Mosurkal, Ravi; Samuelson, Lynne A.] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Tewari, Arti; Watterson, Arthur C.; Kumar, Jayant] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA USA. [Parmar, Virinder S.] Univ Delhi, Dept Chem, Bioorgan Lab, Delhi 110007, India. RP Mosurkal, R (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Ravi.Mosurkal@us.army.mil RI MOSURKAL, RAVI/P-6981-2015 FU US Army Natick Soldier Research; Development and Engineering Center (NSRDEC); National Research Council's; [U09-177] FX Authors thank University of Massachusetts Lowell for use of instrumentation and lab facilities. Also, authors thank Heidi Gibson, Cathy Capone, Peter Stenhouse, Joel Carlson, Jason Soares, Romy Kirby, and Wayne Muller from the US Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center (NSRDEC) for their support with polymer characterization and valuable discussions. This work was supported through a National Research Council's senior research associateship at NSRDEC. Approved for public release (PAO# U09-177). NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1060-1325 J9 J MACROMOL SCI A JI J. Macromol. Sci. Part A-Pure Appl. Chem. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 12 BP 1228 EP 1232 AR PII 916555728 DI 10.1080/10601320903340366 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 516TT UT WOS:000271566600014 ER PT J AU Chen, L Bromberg, L Schreuder-Gibson, H Walker, J Hatton, TA Rutledge, GC AF Chen, Liang Bromberg, Lev Schreuder-Gibson, Heidi Walker, John Hatton, T. Alan Rutledge, Gregory C. TI Chemical protection fabrics via surface oximation of electrospun polyacrylonitrile fiber mats SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; HYDROXAMIC ACIDS; WARFARE AGENTS; NANOFIBERS; HYDROLYSIS; ACETATE; WATER; DECONTAMINATION; AMIDOXIMES AB Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) submicron fiber mats were modified to become reactive components of self-detoxifying chemical protection fabrics. Oximation of the mats with excess hydroxylamine resulted in functionalization of the fibers to form polyacrylamidoxime (PAAO). The fiber morphology remains intact after oximation, with fiber diameters ranging from 250 to 500 nm. Nucleophilic amidoxime groups enable the fiber mats to react with organophosphate pesticides or chemical warfare agents (CWA), as demonstrated using diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) as a CWA simulant. The DFP decomposition kinetics were investigated using P-31 MAS NMR, which afforded measurement of the observed pseudo-first order reaction rate constant, k(obs). The values of k(obs) with PAAO-functionalized fibers exceed those of the parent PAN fibers by as much as 80-fold at a water content of 130% by weight. The observed reaction rates depend on the amount of the reactive fiber mats, yielding an apparent second-order rate constant, k(2) = 1.0 x 10(-6) s(-1) mg(-1). The hydrolytic degradation of DFP occurs only in the presence of free water, which serves as a medium to promote the nucleophilic action of the amidoxime groups in the fibers by facilitating proton transfer and stabilizing the transition state. C1 [Chen, Liang; Bromberg, Lev; Hatton, T. Alan; Rutledge, Gregory C.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schreuder-Gibson, Heidi; Walker, John] USA, Res Dev & Engn Command Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Macromol Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Hatton, TA (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM tahatton@mit.edu; rutledge@mit.edu FU Dupont-MIT Alliance FX This work was sponsored by the Dupont-MIT Alliance. Utilization of facilities of the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies (ISN) and the Center for Materials Science and Engineering (CMSE) at MIT is gratefully acknowledged. NR 39 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 35 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0959-9428 EI 1364-5501 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PY 2009 VL 19 IS 16 BP 2432 EP 2438 DI 10.1039/b818639a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 430HB UT WOS:000264978600022 ER PT J AU Martin, M Meyer, L Kecskes, L Thadhani, NN AF Martin, M. Meyer, L. Kecskes, L. Thadhani, N. N. TI Uniaxial and biaxial compressive response of a bulk metallic glass composite over a range of strain rates and temperatures SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; DYNAMIC COMPRESSION; FRACTURE; FAILURE; CRYSTALLIZATION; TRANSITION; TUNGSTEN; ALLOY; STATE AB The uniaxial and biaxial compressive responses of Zr(57)Nb(5)Al(10)Cu(15.4)Ni(12.6)-W composite were investigated over a range of strain rates (similar to 10(-3) to 10(3) S(-1)) using an Instron universal testim, machine (similar to 10(-3) to 10 degrees s(-1)), drop-weight tower (similar to 200 s(-1)), and split Hopkinson pressure bar (10(3) s(-1)). The temperature dependence of the mechanical behavior was investigated at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 600 degrees C using the instrumented drop-weight testing apparatus, mounted with an inductive heating device. The deformed and fractured specimens were examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Stopped experiments were used to investigate deformation and failure mechanisms at specified strain intervals in both the drop weight and split Hopkinson bar tests. These stopped specimens were also Subsequently examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy to observe shear band and crack formation and development after increasingly more strain. The overall results showed an increase in yield strength with strain rate and a decrease in failure strength, plasticity, and hardening with strain rate. Comparison of uniaxial and biaxial loading showed strong susceptibility to shear failure since the additional 10% shear stress caused failure at Much lower strains in all cases. Results also showed a decrease in flow stress and plasticity with increased temperature. Also notable was the anomalous behavior at 450 degrees C, which lies between the T(g) and T(x) and is in a temperature regime where homogeneous flow, as opposed to heterogeneous deformation by shear banding, is the dominant mechanism in the bulk metallic glass. C1 [Martin, M.; Thadhani, N. N.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Meyer, L.] Tech Univ Chemnitz, Fac Mech Engn, D-09125 Chemnitz, Germany. [Kecskes, L.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Thadhani, NN (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM naresh.thadhani@mse.gatech.edu RI Trexler, Morgana/E-9003-2013; Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 FU Army Research Office (ARO) [E-48148-MS-000-05123-1]; TUC under a German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); NASA Jenkins Fellowship FX The authors thank Liquidmetal Technologies, Inc., for providing the materials. The authors also thank Norman Herzig, David Musch, Christoph Wollschlaeger, Stefan Syla, and Gunther Muth at the Technical University of Chemnitz (TUC) for their help with performing experiments. This research is funded by Army Research Office (ARO) Grant No. E-48148-MS-000-05123-1 (Dr. Mullins program monitor) and was performed at TUC under a German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) Research 11 Grant. Morgana Martin is a recipient of a NASA Jenkins Fellowship. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 16 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 66 EP 78 DI 10.1557/JMR.2009.0003 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 460SN UT WOS:000267207500009 ER PT J AU Zhang, AJ Klun, JA Wang, SF Carroll, JF Debboun, M AF Zhang, Aijun Klun, Jerome A. Wang, Shifa Carroll, John F. Debboun, Mustapha TI Isolongifolenone: A Novel Sesquiterpene Repellent of Ticks and Mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Anopheles stephensi; Ixodes scapularis; Amblyomma americanum; N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITY; CALLICARPA-AMERICANA; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; INSECT REPELLENTS; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; OIL COMPONENTS; DEET; N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE; OXIDATION AB A naturally occurring sesquiterpene, isolongifolenone, derivatives of which have been used extensively as ingredients in the cosmetics industry, was discovered to effectively repel blood-feeding arthropods that are important disease vectors. We show that (-)-isolongifolenone deters the biting of the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles stephensi Liston, more effectively than the widely used synthetic chemical repellent, N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide (DEET), in laboratory bioassays. The compound also repelled blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say, and lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (L.), as effectively as DEET. Isolongifolenone is easily synthesized from inexpensive turpentine oil feedstock. We are therefore confident that the compound has significant potential as an inexpensive and safe repellent for protection of large human populations against blood-feeding arthropods. C1 [Zhang, Aijun; Klun, Jerome A.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wang, Shifa] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Chem Engn, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Carroll, John F.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Debboun, Mustapha] USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv,Med Zool Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Zhang, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM aijun.zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 100 EP 106 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 393QV UT WOS:000262388700013 PM 19198523 ER PT J AU Keller, CB AF Keller, Christian B. TI Flying Dutchmen and Drunken Irishmen: The Myths and Realities of Ethnic Civil War Soldiers SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Review AB During the American Civil War, German- and Irish-Americans fought for both the Union and the Confederacy, serving their respective causes for a variety of reasons and comprising a large percentage of the Union armies, in particular. Anglo-Americans developed myths and misconceptions about these foreign-born soldiers, however, some of which persist today and unfortunately obscure the historical truth about ethnic participation in the war. This essay examines some of the most enduring stereotypes and exposes the realities that lay shrouded behind them. C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Keller, CB (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. NR 151 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 117 EP 145 PG 29 WC History SC History GA 390YO UT WOS:000262199800005 ER PT J AU Bourque, SA AF Bourque, Stephen A. TI War in Iraq: Planning and Execution SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Bourque, Stephen A.] USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Bourque, SA (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 EI 1543-7795 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 334 EP 335 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 390YO UT WOS:000262199800070 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, Howard E. TI Quantum computational geodesics SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Colloquium on Physics of Quantum Electronics CY JAN 04-08, 2009 CL Snowbird, UT DE quantum computing; quantum circuits; quantum complexity; Riemannian geometry; quantum computational geodesics; Lax equation ID GEOMETRY AB The purpose of this paper is to mathematically investigate characteristics of a geodesic equation describing locally minimum complexity paths in the special unitary group manifold representing the unitary evolution of n qubits associated with a quantum computation. The geodesic equation is a nonlinear differential matrix equation of the Lax type. A simple local initial-value solution is elaborated for the case of three qubits. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM hbrandt@arl.army.mil NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PY 2009 VL 56 IS 18-19 BP 2112 EP 2117 DI 10.1080/09500340903180517 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 527QE UT WOS:000272380800028 ER PT J AU Gerhold, M Xu, J AF Gerhold, Michael Xu, Jian TI Quantum Dots SO JOURNAL OF NANOPHOTONICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gerhold, Michael] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. [Xu, Jian] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Gerhold, M (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. EM mike.gerhold@us.army.mil; jianxu@psu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1934-2608 J9 J NANOPHOTONICS JI J. Nanophotonics PY 2009 VL 3 AR 031699 DI 10.1117/1.3177270 PG 2 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics GA 526XB UT WOS:000272328200001 ER PT J AU Lu, XCM Chen, RW Yao, CP Wei, H Yang, XF Liao, ZL Dave, JR Tortella, FC AF Lu, Xi-Chun May Chen, Ren-Wu Yao, Changping Wei, Hans Yang, Xiaofang Liao, Zhilin Dave, Jitendra R. Tortella, Frank C. TI NNZ-2566, a Glypromate Analog, Improves Functional Recovery and Attenuates Apoptosis and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Penetrating Ballistic-Type Brain Injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Article DE apoptosis; behavior; inflammation; NNZ-2566; penetrating ballistic-like brain injury ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; N-TERMINAL TRIPEPTIDE; GLYCINE-PROLINE-GLUTAMATE; PROTEASOME INHIBITOR MLN519; IGF-I; HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA; CELL-DEATH; POSTTRAUMATIC HYPOTHERMIA; CEREBRAL CONTUSION; CORTICAL IMPACT AB Glycine-proline-glutamate (GPE) is an N-terminal tripeptide endogenously cleaved from insulin-like growth factor-1 in the brain and is neuroprotective against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and neurodegeneration. NNZ-2566 is an analog of GPE designed to have improved bioavailability. In this study, we tested NNZ-2566 in a rat model of penetrating ballistic-type brain injury (PBBI) and assessed its effects on injury-induced histopathology, behavioral deficits, and molecular and cellular events associated with inflammation and apoptosis. In the initial dose-response experiments, NNZ-2566 (0.01-3 mg/kg/h x 12 h intravenous infusion) was given at 30 min post-injury and the therapeutic time window was established by delaying treatments 2-4 h post-injury, but with the addition of a 10- or 30-mg/kg bolus dose. All animals survived 72 h. Neuroprotection was evaluated by balance beam testing and histopathology. The effects of NNZ-2566 on injury-induced changes in Bax and Bcl-2 proteins, activated microgliosis, neutrophil infiltration, and astrocyte reactivity were also examined. Behavioral results demonstrated that NNZ-2566 dose-dependently reduced foot faults by 19-66% after acute treatments, and 35-55% after delayed treatments. Although gross lesion volume was not affected, NNZ-2566 treatment significantly attenuated neutrophil infiltration and reduced the number of activated microglial cells in the peri-lesion regions of the PBBI. PBBI induced a significant upregulation in Bax expression (36%) and a concomitant downregulation in Bcl-2 expression (33%), both of which were significantly reversed by NNZ-2566. Collectively, these results demonstrated that NNZ-2566 treatment promoted functional recovery following PBBI, an effect related to the modulation of injury-induced neural inflammatory and apoptotic mechanisms. C1 [Lu, Xi-Chun May; Chen, Ren-Wu; Yao, Changping; Wei, Hans; Yang, Xiaofang; Liao, Zhilin; Dave, Jitendra R.; Tortella, Frank C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Lu, XCM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Dept Appl Neurobiol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM may.lu@us.army.mil RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 FU Neuren Pharmaceuticals Inc [W81XWH-05-0074] FX We would like to thank Neuron Pharmaceuticals Inc. for the supply of NNZ-2566, FD Neurotechnologies Inc. for their excellent immunohistochemistry service, Dr. Deborah Shear for her review and comments on the manuscript, Dr. Zhiyong Chen for his assistance in the analysis of immunohistochemical results, and Dr. Catherine Wilmore for her contributions during an initial pilot study. These studies were supported in part by a cooperative research and development agreement with Neuren Pharmaceuticals Inc. (W81XWH-05-0074).; All procedures described in this article were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. The research was conducted in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and other federal statutes and regulations relating to animals and experiments involving animals, and adhered to the principles stated in the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals'' (National Research Council). The animals were housed in a facility accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International.; This material has been reviewed by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. There is no objection to its presentation and/or publication. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors, and are not to be construed as official, or as reflecting true views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 69 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 EI 1557-9042 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JAN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 1 BP 141 EP 154 DI 10.1089/neu.2008.0629 PG 14 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 409OW UT WOS:000263516700012 PM 19119917 ER PT J AU Eshbaugh, JP Gardner, PD Richardson, AW Hofacre, KC AF Eshbaugh, Jonathan P. Gardner, Paul D. Richardson, Aaron W. Hofacre, Kent C. TI N95 and P100 Respirator Filter Efficiency Under High Constant and Cyclic Flow SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE constant flow; cyclic flow; filter; high volumetric flow; particulate penetration; respirator ID NORMAL VALUES; PERFORMANCE; EXERCISE AB This study investigated the effect of high flow conditions on aerosol penetration and the relationship between penetration at constant and cyclic flow conditions. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved N95 and P100 filtering facepiece respirators and cartridges were challenged with inert solid and oil aerosols. A combination of monodisperse aerosol and size-specific aerosol measurement equipment allowed count-based penetration measurement of particles with nominal diameters ranging from 0.02 to 2.9 mu m. Three constant flow conditions (85, 270, and 360 L/min) were selected to match the minute, inhalation mean, and inhalation peak flows of the four cyclic flow conditions (40, 85, 115, and 135 L/min) tested. As expected, penetration was found to increase under increased constant and cyclic flow conditions. The most penetrating particle size (MPPS) generally ranged from 0.05 to 0.2 mu m for P100 filters and was approximately 0.05 mu m for N95 filters. Although penetration increased at the high flow conditions, the MPPS was relatively unaffected by flow. Of the constant flows tested, the flows equivalent to cyclic inhalation mean and peak flows best approximated the penetration measurements of the corresponding cyclic flows. C1 [Eshbaugh, Jonathan P.; Richardson, Aaron W.; Hofacre, Kent C.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Gardner, Paul D.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Eshbaugh, JP (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, AMSRD ECB RT PR E5604 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM eshbaughj@battelle.org FU Office of Law Enforcement Standards, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg; National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL); National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh FX The authors would like to thank the Office of Law Enforcement Standards, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Md., and the National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, Pa., for supporting this project. Special appreciation goes to Dr. Samy Rengasamy, NPPTL, for his expertise and assistance with planning this study. NR 18 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 BP 52 EP 61 DI 10.1080/15459620802558196 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 381BC UT WOS:000261508800006 PM 19012163 ER PT J AU Ashley, K Braybrooke, G Jahn, SD Brisson, MJ White, KT AF Ashley, Kevin Braybrooke, Geoffrey Jahn, Steven D. Brisson, Michael J. White, Kenneth T. TI Analytical Performance Criteria SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Beryllium Particulates and their Detection CY NOV 17-19, 2008 CL Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM HO Univ New Mexico ID SURFACE CONTAMINATION; COLLECTION; EXPOSURE; DUST; SKIN; LEAD C1 [Ashley, Kevin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Braybrooke, Geoffrey] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Jahn, Steven D.; Brisson, Michael J.] Savannah River Nucl Solut, Aiken, SC USA. [White, Kenneth T.] Consult Serv, Virginia Beach, VA USA. RP Ashley, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH USA. RI Ashley, Kevin/C-9005-2011 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 12 BP 97 EP 100 AR PII 916670748 DI 10.1080/15459620903022597 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 517WQ UT WOS:000271650100003 ER PT J AU Reed, NG Wengraitis, S Sliney, DH AF Reed, Nicholas G. Wengraitis, Stephen Sliney, David H. TI Intercomparison of Instruments Used for Safety and Performance Measurements of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Lamps SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE measurement corrections; radiation safety; radiometers; ultraviolet meter; UV-C; UVGI ID DISINFECTION; AIR AB Public health concerns such as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, bioterrorism, pandemic influenza, and sick building syndrome have brought about increased interest in the use of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) to prevent the spread of airborne infection. UVGI lamps require that radiometric measurements be performed to ensure their safe and effective use. This study evaluates 10 detectors that measure the ultraviolet radiation hazard of low-pressure mercury UVGI lamps, including a polychromator spectroradiometer, narrowband detectors designed to measure the ultraviolet radiation in a short range of wavelengths, and broadband detectors with a varying spectral response designed to follow the UV hazard action spectrum. The angular responses, spectral responses, and linearity of the detectors were measured and compared. The agreement between the measured angular responses and the ideal cosine responses varied widely among the detectors, and in general, the detectors with diffusing optics agreed significantly better with the ideal cosine response. The spectral responses at 254 nm also varied widely among the detectors, and, in general, the narrowband detectors agreed more closely with the 254 nm irradiances measured under the same conditions by a double monochromator spectroradiometer. All detectors displayed good linearity. The angular and spectral response data were then used to develop correction factors for the effective irradiance measurements of two UVGI sources, each measured at 10, 20, and 30 cm. The measured effective irradiances were compared with those measured by a double monochromator spectroradiometer with an integrating sphere input optic. Prior to correction, the effective irradiances measured by the detectors varied widely, ranging from 0.29 to 2.7 times those measured by the spectroradiometer. The application of cosine and spectral response correction factors significantly improved the agreement for the effective irradiances measured by all of the detectors, typically to within 10-20%. Awareness of these detector characteristics can play a key role in ensuring the accuracy of health hazard measurements of UVGI lamps. C1 [Reed, Nicholas G.; Wengraitis, Stephen] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Reed, NG (reprint author), 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM nick.g.reed@us.army.mil FU U. S. Army Center for Health Promotion; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Internship/Research Participation Program for the U. S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an agreement between the U. S. Department of Energy and the USACHPPM. Use of trademarked name does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Army but is intended only to assist in identification of a specific product. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 5 BP 289 EP 297 DI 10.1080/15459620902801041 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 436LO UT WOS:000265415800005 PM 19259871 ER PT J AU Ekechukwu, A Hendricks, W White, KT Liabastre, A Archuleta, M Hoover, MD AF Ekechukwu, Amy Hendricks, Warren White, Kenneth T. Liabastre, Albert Archuleta, Melecita Hoover, Mark D. TI Validation of Analytical Methods and Instrumentation for Beryllium Measurement: Review and Summary of Available Guides, Procedures, and Protocols SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Beryllium Particulates and their Detection CY NOV 17-19, 2008 CL Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM HO Univ New Mexico DE analytical method development; beryllium; validation; protocol AB This document provides a listing of available sources that can be used to validate analytical methods and/or instrumentation for beryllium determination. A literature review was conducted of available standard methods and publications used for method validation and/or quality control. An annotated listing of the articles, papers, and books reviewed is given in the Appendix. Available validation documents and guides are listed therein; each has a brief description of application and use. In the referenced sources, there are varying approaches to validation and varying descriptions of the validation process at different stages in method development. This discussion focuses on validation and verification of fully developed methods and instrumentation that have been offered for use or approval by other laboratories or official consensus bodies such as ASTM International, the International Standards Organization, the International Electrotechnical Commission, and the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. This review was conducted as part of a collaborative effort to investigate and improve the state of validation for measuring beryllium in the workplace and the environment. Documents and publications from the United States and Europe are included. C1 [Ekechukwu, Amy] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Archuleta, Melecita] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Hoover, Mark D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Hendricks, Warren] Occupat Safety & Hlth Adm, Sandy, UT USA. [White, Kenneth T.] Consult Serv, Virginia Beach, VA USA. [Liabastre, Albert] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Ft Mcpherson, GA USA. RP Ekechukwu, A (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Analyt Dev Bldg 773-41A, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM amy.ekechukwu@srnl.doe.gov RI Hoover, Mark/I-4201-2012 OI Hoover, Mark/0000-0002-8726-8127 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2009 VL 6 IS 12 BP 766 EP 774 AR PII 916671099 DI 10.1080/15459620903260536 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 517WQ UT WOS:000271650100011 PM 19894179 ER PT J AU Lukish, JR Kindelan, T Marmon, LM Pennington, M Norwood, C AF Lukish, Jeffrey R. Kindelan, Tamara Marmon, Louis M. Pennington, Mark Norwood, Chris TI Laser epilation is a safe and effective therapy for teenagers with pilonidal disease SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 39th Annual Meeting of the American-Pediatric-Surgical-Association CY MAY 27-JUN 01, 2008 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Amer Pediat Surg Assoc DE Pilonidal disease; Pilonidal sinus disease; Epilation; Laser hair removal ID SINUS; SURGERY AB Pilonidal disease (PD) is a frustrating condition because of a recurrence rate as high as 30%. Hair insertion is the essential cause of the disease. Therefore, hair removal with shaving is a part of many postoperative regimens. These methods are resource intensive and adversely impact the life-style of both patient and family. Therefore, we investigated the use of laser epilation (LE) of the intergluteal hair in adolescents with PD as a method of permanent hair removal. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with PD who underwent LE from 2003 to 2006 at the National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Md, and Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, was performed. Laser epilation of the intergluteal hair was carried out with a 1064 run Nd:YAG laser (Coolglide Vantage, Altus/Cutera, Brisbane, Calif) at a standard fluence (joule/square centimeter), pulse duration, and repetition rate based on skin phototype. The patients were observed for hair regrowth and recurrence. Results: Twenty-eight teenagers (17 males, 11 females; mean age, 17.2 +/- 1.4 years) underwent LE. Eight patients presented with abscess and were managed by incision and drainage followed by excision and open wound management, 17 patients presented with a cyst or sinus and underwent excision and primary closure, and 3 patients with asymptomatic sinus were managed nonoperatively. Laser epilation was performed after complete wound healing or immediately in those patients with asymptomatic sinus disease. Laser epilation was well tolerated and without complication in all patients. Intergluteal hair was completely removed in all patients. Patients required an average of 5 +/- 2 LE therapy sessions for hair removal. All patients underwent at least 3 LE sessions (range, 3 to 7 sessions) at 4-week intervals. One female developed a recurrence. The mean follow-up for the group was 24.2 +/- 9.9 months. Conclusions: Laser epilation is a safe method to remove intergluteal hair in teenagers with PD. This technique is ail effective adjunctive therapy for the treatment of PD that may reduce recurrence. Published by Elsevier C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Gen Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, Div Pediat Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20389 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20006 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Lukish, JR (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. EM jeffrey.lukish@med.navy.mil NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 282 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.10.057 PG 4 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA 404LR UT WOS:000263154300056 PM 19159757 ER PT J AU Jensen, KB Palazzo, AJ Waldron, BL Robins, JG Bushman, BS Johnson, DA Ogle, DG AF Jensen, Kevin B. Palazzo, Anthony J. Waldron, Blair L. Robins, Joseph G. Bushman, B. Shaun Johnson, Douglas A. Ogle, Dan G. TI 'Vavilov II'. a New Siberian Wheatgrass Cultivar with Improved Persistence and Establishment on Rangelands SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SEMIARID RANGELANDS; GRASSES AB 'Vavilov II' Siberian wheatgrass [Agropyron fragile (Roth) Candargy] (Reg. No. CV-30, PI 653686) was released by the USDA-ARS, the U.S. Army-Engineer Research and Development Center, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, and the USDA-NRCS. Vavilov II was developed for reseeding sandy soils on disturbed rangelands dominated by annual weeds as a result of severe disturbance, frequent fires, and soil erosion. Selection emphasis in Vavilov 11 was on seedling establishment and stand persistence. During the establishment year, Vavilov II had increased numbers of seedlings per unit area (ml) using a frequency grid than 'Vavilov' at Yakima, WA, Fillmore, UT, Dugway, UT, and Curlew Valley, ID. Vavilov II was more persistent than Vavilov at Yakima, WA, Fillmore, UT, Curlew Valley, ID, and Malta, ID. Foundation seed of Vavilov II is available through the Utah Crop Improvement Association and the University of Idaho Foundation Seed Program. C1 [Jensen, Kevin B.; Waldron, Blair L.; Robins, Joseph G.; Bushman, B. Shaun; Johnson, Douglas A.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Palazzo, Anthony J.] USA, Corps Engineers Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ogle, Dan G.] NRCS, USDA, Boise, ID 83709 USA. RP Jensen, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 N 1100 E, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM kevin.jensen@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 61 EP 64 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.04.0215crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700012 ER PT J AU Kupersmith, J Lew, HL Ommaya, AK Jaffee, M Koroshetz, WJ AF Kupersmith, Joel Lew, Henry L. Ommaya, Alex K. Jaffee, Michael Koroshetz, Walter J. TI Traumatic brain injury research opportunities: Results of Department of Veterans Affairs Consensus Conference SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; BLAST INJURY; INDUCED NEUROTRAUMA; SEVERITY; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; PLASTICITY; DAMAGE; RISK; IRAQ C1 [Kupersmith, Joel; Ommaya, Alex K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dept Vet Affairs VA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lew, Henry L.] VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Jaffee, Michael] VA Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA USA. [Jaffee, Michael] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Koroshetz, Walter J.] NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Kupersmith, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dept Vet Affairs VA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM henry.lew@va.gou NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 6 BP VII EP XV DI 10.1682/JRRD.2009.06.0079 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 531BQ UT WOS:000272638100001 PM 20104393 ER PT J AU Yancosek, KE AF Yancosek, Kathleen E. TI Casting a vision for amputation rehabilitation SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Yancosek, Kathleen E.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Yancosek, Kathleen E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Yancosek, KE (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM kathleen.yancosek@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 3 BP XI EP XIII DI 10.1682/JRRD.2008.03.0047 PG 3 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 483OC UT WOS:000268975600002 PM 19675982 ER PT J AU Dicianno, BE Sibenaller, S Kimmich, C Cooper, RA Pyo, J AF Dicianno, Brad E. Sibenaller, Sara Kimmich, Claire Cooper, Rory A. Pyo, Jay TI Joystick use for virtual power wheelchair driving in individuals with tremor: Pilot study SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE computer-user interface; filtering system; isometric joystick; movement-sensing joystick; multiple sclerosis; Parkinson's disease; rehabilitation; tremor; wheelchair driving performance; wheelchairs ID HAND TREMOR; ISOMETRIC JOYSTICKS; FREQUENCY; POSITION AB People with disabilities such as Multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease have difficulty operating conventional movement-sensing joysticks (MSJs) because of varying levels of tremor. We developed an isometric joystick (IJ) that has performed as well as a conventional MSJ when used by persons with tipper-limb impairments in real and virtual wheelchair driving tasks. The Weighted-Frequency Fourier Linear Combiner (WFLC) filter has been used to cancel tremor effectively in microsurgery. In this study, we compared an MSJ, IJ, and IJ with the WFLC filter in individuals performing a virtual driving task. Although the WFLC filter did not improve driving performance in this study, the IJ Without a filter yielded better results than the conventional MSJ and thus may be a potential alternative to the MSJ in minimizing the effects of tremor. C1 [Dicianno, Brad E.; Cooper, Rory A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Dicianno, Brad E.; Sibenaller, Sara; Kimmich, Claire; Cooper, Rory A.] Dept Vet Affairs Pittsburg Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. [Dicianno, Brad E.; Sibenaller, Sara; Cooper, Rory A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Kimmich, Claire] Univ Virginia, Dept Biomed Engn, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Pyo, Jay] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, PM&R Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dicianno, BE (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, 7180 Highland Dr,Bldg 4,2D Floor E 151R1-H, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM dicianno@pitt.edu OI Dicianno, Brad/0000-0003-0738-0192 FU Department of Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Wheelchairs and Associated Rehabilitation Engineering [B4132C]; National Science Foundation [EEC 0552351] FX This material was based on work supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs Center of Excellence for Wheelchairs and Associated Rehabilitation Engineering (grant B4132C) and the National Science Foundation (project EEC 0552351). NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 2 BP 269 EP 275 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2008.02.0022 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 455EA UT WOS:000266739100013 PM 19533540 ER PT J AU Karmarkar, AM Collins, DM Wichman, T Franklin, A Fitzgerald, SG Dicianno, BE Pasquina, PF Cooper, RA AF Karmarkar, Amol M. Collins, Diane M. Wichman, Todd Franklin, Allison Fitzgerald, Shirley G. Dicianno, Brad E. Pasquina, Paul. F. Cooper, Rory A. TI Prosthesis and wheelchair use in veterans with lower-limb amputation SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE function; health characteristics; lower-limb amputation; mobility device; outcome; prostheses; rehabilitation; satisfaction; veterans; wheelchairs ID LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATION; TRANSFEMORAL AMPUTATION; ELDERLY AMPUTEES; SATISFACTION; DEVICES; PEOPLE; RISK AB We determined the demographic, health, functional, and satisfaction factors related to lower-limb prosthesis or wheelchair use among veterans with lower-limb amputation. Forty-two veterans were recruited from the 20th National Disabled Veterans Winter Sports Clinic and the 26th National Veterans Wheelchair Games. Participants were at least 18 years of age, had a lower-limb amputation, and were either prosthesis or wheelchair users. Level of amputation was the most significant health-related characteristic determining the veterans' use of a prosthesis versus a wheelchair (p = 0.02). Veterans who had a higher level of amputation and used a prosthesis reported significantly greater difficulty navigating a ramp (p = 0.03), getting in and out of cars and buses (p = 0.03), carrying 10 lb of groceries (p = 0.02), and participating in sports and leisure activities) = 0.03). The parameter "satisfaction related to prosthesis" did not determine selection of mobility device type. The interaction of demographics, health-related characteristics, and mobility device characteristics affects functional performance and influences the use of prostheses, wheelchairs, or both in persons with lower-limb amputation. Long-term outcome assessments may help determine factors associated with either transition from one device to another or combined use of the devices over time. C1 [Karmarkar, Amol M.; Collins, Diane M.; Dicianno, Brad E.; Cooper, Rory A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Karmarkar, Amol M.; Collins, Diane M.; Dicianno, Brad E.; Cooper, Rory A.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Wichman, Todd; Franklin, Allison; Pasquina, Paul. F.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Fitzgerald, Shirley G.] James A Haley Vet Hosp, Patient Safety Ctr Inquiry, Tampa, FL USA. RP Collins, DM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, 5044 Forbes Tower,3600 Forbes Atwood, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM dmcst84@pitt.edu RI Karmarkar, Amol/E-6030-2011; OI Karmarkar, Amol/0000-0001-8355-1585; Dicianno, Brad/0000-0003-0738-0192 FU Armed Forces Amputees Care Program (DOD); Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center [06053001]; VA Center for Excellence in Wheelchairs and Associated Rehabilitation Engineering [B3142C] FX This material was based on work supported by the Armed Forces Amputees Care Program (DOD), Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (grant 06053001), and VA Center for Excellence in Wheelchairs and Associated Rehabilitation Engineering (grant B3142C). NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 19 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 5 BP 567 EP 575 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2008.08.0102 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 513BJ UT WOS:000271296700003 PM 19882491 ER PT J AU Jaffee, MS Helmick, KM Girard, PD Meyer, KS Dinegar, K George, K AF Jaffee, Michael S. Helmick, Kathy M. Girard, Philip D. Meyer, Kim S. Dinegar, Kathy George, Karyn TI Acute clinical care and care coordination for traumatic brain injury within Department of Defense SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE cognitive assessment; community reentry; loss of consciousness; medical evacuation; polytrauma; posttraumatic amnesia; rehabilitation; TBI; TBI screening; traumatic brain injury ID NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL STATUS RBANS; REPEATABLE BATTERY; HEAD-INJURY; MILITARY; VALIDITY; SAMPLE; REHABILITATION; RELIABILITY; IMPAIRMENT; SCALE AB The nature of current combat situations that U.S. military forces encounter and the use of unconventional weaponry have dramatically increased service personnel's risks of sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although the true incidence and prevalence of combat-related TBI are unknown, service personnel returning from deployment have reported rates of concussion between 10% and 20%. The Department of Defense has recently released statistics on TBI dating back to before the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan to better elucidate the impact and burden of TBI on America's warriors and veterans. Patients with severe TBI move through a well-established trauma system of care, beginning with triage of initial injury by first-responders in the war zone to acute care to rehabilitation and then returning home and to the community. Mild and moderate TBIs may pose different clinical challenges, especially when initially undetected or if treatment is delayed because more serious injuries are present. To ensure identification and prompt treatment of mild and moderate TBI, the U.S. Congress has mandated that military and Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals screen all service personnel returning from combat. Military health professionals must evaluate them for concussion and then treat the physical, emotional, and cognitive problems that may surface. A new approach to health management and care coordination is needed that will allow medical transitions between networks of care to become more centralized and allow for optimal recovery at all severity levels. This article summarizes the care systems available for the acute management of TBI from point of injury to stateside military treatment facilities. We describe TBI assessment, treatment, and overall coordination of care, including innovative clinical initiatives now used. C1 [Jaffee, Michael S.; Helmick, Kathy M.; Girard, Philip D.; Meyer, Kim S.; George, Karyn] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Girard, Philip D.] Manchester Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Manchester, NH USA. RP Girard, PD (reprint author), Manchester VA Med Ctr, Off Telemed, 718 Smyth Rd, Manchester, NH 03104 USA. EM Philip.girard@va.gov NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 6 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 6 BP 655 EP 665 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2008.09.0114 PG 11 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 531BQ UT WOS:000272638100003 PM 20104395 ER PT J AU Cockerham, GC Goodrich, GL Weichel, LTCED Orcutt, JC Rizzo, JF Bower, COLKS Schuchard, RA AF Cockerham, Glenn C. Goodrich, Gregory L. Weichel, L. T. C. Eric D. Orcutt, James C. Rizzo, Joseph F. Bower, C. O. L. Kraig S. Schuchard, Ronald A. TI Eye and visual function in traumatic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE blast injury; blindness; eye trauma; oculomotor; quality of life; rehabilitation; traumatic brain injury; vision; visual disturbance; visual field ID COMBAT OCULAR TRAUMA; OPTIC NEUROPATHY; BLAST INJURY; IRAQ; WAR; REHABILITATION; DYSFUNCTION; MILITARY; PROGRAM; NEGLECT AB Combat blast is an important cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the Department of Veterans Affairs polytrauma population, whereas common causes of TBI in the civilian sector include motor vehicle accidents and falls. Known visual consequences of civilian TBI include compromised visual acuity, visual fields, and oculomotor function. The visual consequences of TBI related to blast remain largely unknown. Blast injury may include open globe (eye) injury, which is usually detected and managed early in the rehabilitation journey. The incidence, locations, and types of ocular damage in eyes without open globe injury after exposure to powerful blast have not been systematically studied. Initial reports and preliminary data suggest that binocular function, visual fields, and other aspects of visual function may be impaired after blast-related TBI, despite relatively normal visual acuity. Damage to the ocular tissues may occur from blunt trauma without rupture or penetration (closed globe injury). Possible areas for research are development of common taxonomy and assessment tools across services, surgical management, and outcomes for blast-related eye injury; the incidence, locations, and natural history of closed globe injury; binocular and visual function impairment; quality of life in affected service-members; pharmacological and visual therapies; and practice patterns for screening, management, and rehabilitation. C1 [Cockerham, Glenn C.] Dept Vet Affairs VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Ophthalmol Sect, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Cockerham, Glenn C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Goodrich, Gregory L.] VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Psychol Serv, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Weichel, L. T. C. Eric D.; Bower, C. O. L. Kraig S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Orcutt, James C.] VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ophthalmol Sect, Seattle, WA USA. [Orcutt, James C.] Univ Washington, Dept Ophthalmol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Rizzo, Joseph F.] VA Jama Plain, Ctr Innovat Visual Restorat, Boston, MA USA. [Rizzo, Joseph F.] Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Ophthalmol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Bower, C. O. L. Kraig S.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Schuchard, Ronald A.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Res & Dev Ctr Excellence, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schuchard, Ronald A.] Emory Univ, Dept Neurol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Cockerham, GC (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Ophthalmol Sect 112 B1, 3801 Miranda Ave, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM glenn.cockerham@va.gov FU VA [C5018R]; Quality Enhancement Research Initiative [RRP 07-339] FX This material was based in part on work supported by the VA through Merit Review Award C5018R and Quality Enhancement Research Initiative grant RRP 07-339. NR 44 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 7 U2 30 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 6 BP 811 EP 818 DI 10.1682/JRRD.2008.08.0109 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 531BQ UT WOS:000272638100012 PM 20104404 ER PT J AU Yasuda, T Brechue, WF Fujita, T Shirakawa, J Sato, Y Abe, T AF Yasuda, Tomohiro Brechue, William F. Fujita, Taku Shirakawa, Jun Sato, Yoshiaki Abe, Takashi TI Muscle activation during low-intensity muscle contractions with restricted blood flow SO JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Moderate restriction of blood flow; complete occlusion of blood flow; electromyography; neuromuscular function; 20% 1-RM ID MODERATE VASCULAR OCCLUSION; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MUSCULAR FUNCTION; FATIGUE; PROTEIN; FREQUENCY; HUMANS; ADAPTATIONS; VOLUNTARY AB We examined muscle activation during low-intensity muscle contractions with a moderate restriction of blood flow and complete occlusion of blood flow. Unilateral elbow flexion muscle contractions (20% of 1-RM) were performed in Experiment 1 (30 contractions), Experiment 2 (3 sets10 contractions), and Experiment 3 (30 repetitive contractions followed by 3 sets15 contractions) with moderate restriction, complete occlusion of blood flow or unrestricted blood flow (control). Electromyography (EMG) was recorded from surface electrodes placed on the biceps brachii muscle and the integrated EMG (iEMG) and mean power frequency (MPF) obtained. During Experiments 1 and 2, muscle activation was progressively increased in complete occlusion and moderate restriction of blood flow to levels greater than in the control. The decline in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) following the bout of contractions was greater with complete occlusion (39-48%) than moderate restriction of blood flow (16-19%); control MVC did not change. In Experiment 3, changes in MVC, iEMG, and MPF were greater with moderate restriction of blood flow than in the control but comparable with complete occlusion of blood flow where less total work was performed. In conclusion, moderate restriction of blood flow results in similar neural manifestations in muscle as complete occlusion of blood flow but without the apparent contractile/metabolic impairment observed with complete occlusion. Thus, low-intensity muscle contractions, with moderate restriction of blood flow, leads to more intense activation of the muscle relative to the external load. C1 [Yasuda, Tomohiro; Abe, Takashi] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Tokyo 1138655, Japan. [Brechue, William F.] US Mil Acad, Ctr Phys Dev Exercise, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Yasuda, Tomohiro; Fujita, Taku; Shirakawa, Jun] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo 158, Japan. RP Yasuda, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, 7-3-1 Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138655, Japan. EM yasuda-tomohiro@umin.ac.jp FU Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology [15300221] FX The authors thank the students who participated in this study. This study was supported by Grant-in-aid 15300221 from the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology. NR 35 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-0414 J9 J SPORT SCI JI J. Sports Sci. PY 2009 VL 27 IS 5 BP 479 EP 489 AR PII 909113637 DI 10.1080/02640410802626567 PG 11 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 413UP UT WOS:000263818300007 PM 19253083 ER PT J AU Gumz, JE AF Gumz, Jonathan E. TI Reframing the Historical Problematic of Insurgency: How the Professional Military Literature Created a New History and Missed the Past SO JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC STUDIES LA English DT Review DE Insurgency; Surge; History of War AB This article explores how current professional military scholarship on insurgency and counterinsurgency (COIN) uses history to frame its arguments. It then attempts to reframe the current historical problematic surrounding insurgency. First, the article shows that the historical narrative of professional military scholarship on insurgency and its theoretical grounding are highly flawed. They are both parochial and profoundly ahistorical. Second, the paper constructs an alternative narrative of insurgency beginning from the ideas of the German legal philosopher Carl Schmitt (1888-1985), returning insurgency to history. This alternative narrative emphasizes the critical role played by the fall of European public law (jus publicum Europaeum). As a consequence of this and other historically contingent events, war in Europe lost its relative autonomy from society during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In turn, insurgency became an increasingly prominent and normatively accepted form of warfare by the mid-twentieth century. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Gumz, JE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Hist, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 120 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0140-2390 EI 1743-937X J9 J STRATEGIC STUD JI J. Strateg. Stud. PY 2009 VL 32 IS 4 BP 553 EP 588 DI 10.1080/01402390902986972 PG 36 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 486VA UT WOS:000269226900002 ER PT J AU Pelz, JOW Stojadinovic, A Nissan, A Hohenberger, W Esquivel, J AF Pelz, Joerg O. W. Stojadinovic, Alexander Nissan, Aviram Hohenberger, Werner Esquivel, Jesus TI Evaluation of a Peritoneal Surface Disease Severity Score in Patients With Colon Cancer With Peritoneal Carcinomatosis SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE colon cancer; peritoneal surface malignancy; carcinomatosis ID METASTATIC COLORECTAL-CANCER; PERIOPERATIVE INTRAPERITONEAL CHEMOTHERAPY; MULTICENTER RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FLUOROURACIL PLUS LEUCOVORIN; CYTOREDUCTIVE SURGERY; MITOMYCIN-C; HYPERTHERMIC CHEMOTHERAPY; 1ST-LINE TREATMENT; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; IRINOTECAN AB Introduction: Systemic therapy and cytoreduction (CRS) with hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) may benefit selected patients with carcinomatosis from colon cancer (PC). This study presents the results of a consecutive series of patients evaluated under a single strategy. Patients and Methods: Forty patients with PC referred for CRS were evaluated. Evaluation of their treatment was determined according to disease severity scored on a 3-point scale including: (1) symptoms, (2) extent of peritoneal dissemination (PCI), and (3) primary tumor histology. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier product-limit method and log rank testing according to four tiers of estimated disease severity based on the above parameters. Results: For patients with disease severity score I, II, III, and IV, 2-year OS following treatment was 100%, 80%, 80%, and 0%, respectively. Median OS with most advanced disease (IV: n = 20) was 5 months versus 36 months for disease of lesser severity (I-III: n = 20; P < 0.001; RR = 0.2; 95%CI 0.1-0.5). Advanced disease (IV) was an independent predictor of adverse outcome on multivariate analysis with 2.6-fold increased likelihood of mortality. Conclusion: A treatment strategy based on disease severity determined at time of diagnosis, stratifies patients into prognostic groups and may improve selection of patients for appropriate therapy. C1 [Esquivel, Jesus] St Agnes Hosp, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21229 USA. [Pelz, Joerg O. W.; Hohenberger, Werner] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Surg, Erlangen, Germany. [Stojadinovic, Alexander] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Stojadinovic, Alexander] US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Nissan, Aviram] Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Esquivel, J (reprint author), St Agnes Hosp, Dept Surg, 900 Caton Ave, Baltimore, MD 21229 USA. EM jesusesquivel@yahoo.com RI Pelz, Joerg/D-6432-2011 NR 39 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0022-4790 J9 J SURG ONCOL JI J. Surg. Oncol. PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 99 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1002/jso.21169 PG 7 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 391KN UT WOS:000262232300005 PM 18937291 ER PT J AU Nykaza, ET Pater, LL Melton, RH Luz, GA AF Nykaza, Edward T. Pater, Larry L. Melton, Robert H. Luz, George A. TI Minimizing sleep disturbance from blast noise producing training activities for residents living near a military installation SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE acoustic noise; detonation; explosions; sleep ID SOUNDS; FIELD AB Field research was conducted during 2004 in the vicinity of a United States military installation to determine if awakening of residents due to blast noise from large military weapons might vary during the night. Analysis of the data indicates that awakening from blast noise is significantly less likely during the time period between midnight and 0200 h compared to time periods before midnight and approaching dawn. These findings suggest that postponing noisy evening training until after midnight could effectively reduce the negative impact of nighttime training on local residents and thus help to preserve nighttime training capabilities. C1 [Nykaza, Edward T.; Pater, Larry L.; Melton, Robert H.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Luz, George A.] Luz Social & Environm Associates, Baltimore, MD 21212 USA. RP Nykaza, ET (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM edward.t.nykaza@usace.army.mil FU ERDC; USACH-PPM FX The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their comments and the acoustics teams at ERDC and USACH-PPM for their support and guidance throughout this project. Thanks are extended to the command and staff of the installation at which the study was conducted for their cooperation and support. The authors would like to add a special thanks to Bonnie Storey for all the time and effort she put into this project. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 125 IS 1 BP 175 EP 184 DI 10.1121/1.3026325 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 397OS UT WOS:000262672600028 PM 19173404 ER PT J AU Kilbourne, MJ Bochicchio, GV Scalea, T Xiao, Y AF Kilbourne, Michael J. Bochicchio, Grant V. Scalea, Thomas Xiao, Yan TI Avoiding Common Technical Errors in Subclavian Central Venous Catheter Placement SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID VEIN CATHETERIZATION; COMPLICATIONS; CANNULATION AB BACKGROUND: Proficiency in placing infraclavicular subclavian venous catheters can be achieved through practice and repetition. But few data, specifically document insertion technical errors, which mentors could teach novice operators to avoid. STUDY DESIGN: Surgical, medical, and anesthesia textbooks and procedural handbooks were reviewed. Subclavian catheter placement technical errors described were identified and consolidated. Video captures from 86 consecutive patients receiving subclavian central venous catheterizations at an urban trauma center were evaluated. In each video segment, the number of attempts at insertion, the number of failures at insertion, and the technical error observed during failed attempts were recorded and tabulated. RESULTS: Of the 86 subclavian line placements attempted, 77 were successful (89.5%), with a total of 357 subclavian venipuncture attempts and 279 failures (78% attempt failure rate). There was a mean of 3.2 failed attempts per line (left. side, 2.1 attempts; right side, 5.5 attempts). junior residents (PGY 1 to 2) had more failures per line than senior residents (PGY 3 to 5): 4.1 versus 3.6. The most common technical errors observed were Improper site for needle insertion relative to the clavicle; insertion of the needle through the clavicular periosteum; too shallow of a trajectory for the needle; improper or inadequate anatomic landmark identification; aiming the needle too cephalad; and inadvertent movement of the needle out of the vein before or during wire placement. CONCLUSIONS: In subclavian central venous access attempts, there are six common technical errors. Mentors can improve novice operators' proficiency by teaching them to avoid these errors. (J Am Coll Surg 2009;208:104-109. (C) 2008 by the American College of Surgeons) C1 [Bochicchio, Grant V.; Scalea, Thomas; Xiao, Yan] R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Kilbourne, Michael J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kilbourne, MJ (reprint author), R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Ctr, 22 S Greene St,T1R60, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RI Xiao, Yan/A-7506-2009 OI Xiao, Yan/0000-0003-2805-0619 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 208 IS 1 BP 104 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.09.025 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 392VO UT WOS:000262330500016 PM 19228511 ER PT J AU Ueland, O Cardello, AV Merrill, EP Lesher, LL AF Ueland, Oydis Cardello, Armand V. Merrill, Ellen P. Lesher, Larry L. TI Effect of Portion Size Information on Food Intake SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-INTAKE AB The term portion size is used differently by food manufacturers, regulatory agencies, and consumers. As such, it is unclear bow information about portion size may influence perceived satiety and intake of foods by consumers. The objective of this study was to examine how portion size information influences satiety and intake, and how consumers interpret the term portion size. A randomized controlled design was used in which subjects were served a lunch meal consisting of a preload of pasta followed by ad libitum servings of the same pasta. In each of three separate sessions the subjects were told that the preload meal constituted 1/2, 1, or 1 1/2 portions of pasta. Thirty-three normal-weight subjects (22 males and 11 females) were recruited from a 250-member volunteer employee panel at Natick Research, Development, and Engineering Center during January 2005. Main measures were pre- and post-preload hunger/fullness ratings, liking ratings, amount consumed of the pasta after the preload, and Likert ratings of statements about different definitions of portion size. Results showed that portion size information did not influence satiety ratings or total intake. Consumers associated portion size more with daily nutrient requirements than with an ideal quantity for a satiating meal (P<0.01). Information about portion size may not be a good tool to manipulate food-intake behavior. Consumers' concept of portion size is associated more with objective measures of food than with personal experience about the amount that would be appropriate to eat. C1 [Ueland, Oydis] Nofima Food, N-1430 As, Norway. [Cardello, Armand V.; Merrill, Ellen P.] USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Lesher, Larry L.] SAIC Inc, Natick, MA USA. RP Ueland, O (reprint author), Nofima Food, Osloveien 1, N-1430 As, Norway. EM oydis.ueland@nofima.no FU US Army Natick Solider Center FX This study has been conducted as part of the basic research activities at US Army Natick Solider Center without external funding or support. NR 9 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 109 IS 1 BP 124 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2008.10.002 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 394ZY UT WOS:000262492900021 PM 19103332 ER PT J AU Litt, JS Simon, DL AF Litt, Jonathan S. Simon, Donald L. TI Toward a Real-Time Measurement-Based System for Estimation of Helicopter Engine Degradation Due to Compressor Erosion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This paper presents a preliminary demonstration of an automated health assessment tool, capable of real-time on-board operation using existing engine control hardware. The tool allows operators to discern how rapidly individual turboshaft engines are degrading. As the compressor erodes, performance is lost, and with it the ability to generate power. Thus, such a too[ would provide an instant assessment of the engine's fitness to perform a mission and would help to pinpoint any abnormal wear or performance anomalies before they became serious, thereby decreasing uncertainty and enabling improved maintenance scheduling. The research described in the paper utilized test stand data from a T700-GE-401 turboshaft engine that underwent sand-ingestion testing to scale a model-based compressor efficiency degradation estimation algorithm. This algorithm was then applied to real-time health and usage monitoring system (HUMS) data from a T700-GE-701C to track compressor efficiency online. The approach uses an optimal estimator called a Kalman filter. The filter is designed to estimate the compressor efficiency using only data from the engine's sensors as input. C1 [Litt, Jonathan S.; Simon, Donald L.] USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Litt, JS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Cleveland, OH USA. EM jonathan.litt@grc.nasa.gov FU Army Research Laboratory Director's Research Initiative [FY06-VTD-02] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Army Research Laboratory Director's Research Initiative grant FY06-VTD-02. The authors wish to thank Nick Hein and Chris Rowe of the U.S. Navy NAVAIR, Patuxent River, MD, for providing and discussing the sand ingestion data, as well as Tim Large and Mark Beeman of the U.S. Army AMRDEC-AED, Huntsville, AL, for providing and discussing the HUMS data. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 54 IS 1 AR 012008 DI 10.4050/JAHS.54.012008 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 401UY UT WOS:000262969100010 ER PT J AU Snyder, JF Wong, EL Hubbard, CW AF Snyder, James F. Wong, Emma L. Hubbard, Clifford W. TI Evaluation of Commercially Available Carbon Fibers, Fabrics, and Papers for Potential Use in Multifunctional Energy Storage Applications SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; NEGATIVE ELECTRODE; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; SURFACE-AREA; CELLS; ANODES; GRAPHITE; BEHAVIOR; AEROGELS AB Many carbon materials have desirable electrochemical, mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties that make them ideal candidates for dual-use energy-storage devices integrated into fiber-matrix composites or textiles. Commercial fabrics are cost-effective, scalable materials that are often fabricated specifically for composite applications. However, the electrochemical properties of these commercial materials are largely unknown. This study focuses on the properties of unmodified commericial carbon fabric materials for use in electrochemical devices such as lithium-ion batteries. Electrochemical capacity was evaluated for carbon fibers derived from a wide variety of grades of fabrics based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN), pitch, or activated carbon, and carbon papers made from carbon nanotubes or nanofoams. Double-layer capacitances were also measured for potential application to supercapacitors. The fiber microstructures were analyzed via X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Nanofoam papers demonstrated the best overall electrochemical performance, with capacities consistently achieving 135 mAh/g after 50 cycles and capacitances of 5-7 F/g. but the mechanical properties were poor. IM7 and T300 PAN-based woven fabrics demonstrated the best potential for multifunctional use, with reversible-discharge electrochemical capacities as high as 158 mAh/g after 50 cycles and tensile strengths of 3-5 GPa, Removing the polymer sizing from PAN-based fibers did not appear to improve performance. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. C1 [Snyder, James F.; Wong, Emma L.; Hubbard, Clifford W.] USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Snyder, JF (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jsnyder@arl.army.mil FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Department of Energy; USARL FX Emma Wong was supported in part by an appointment to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USARL. We gratefully acknowledge many useful discussions with Dr. Eric Wetzel. Dr. William Nothwang, and Dr. Kang Xu. We also thank Dr. Xu for assistance with the electrochemical measurements. NR 43 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 7 U2 62 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2009 VL 156 IS 3 BP A215 EP A224 DI 10.1149/1.3065070 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 442JQ UT WOS:000265837900013 ER PT J AU Xu, K AF Xu, Kang TI Whether EC and PC Differ in Interphasial Chemistry on Graphitic Anode and How SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE electrochemical electrodes; graphite; reduction (chemical); secondary cells; surface chemistry ID PROPYLENE CARBONATE; ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; LITHIUM BATTERIES; ION BATTERIES; SURFACE-FILMS; ELECTROLYTES; ETHYLENE; IDENTIFICATION; INTERCALATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB Efforts were made to answer a question that has been puzzling the electrochemical community since the birth of Li-ion battery chemistry: How do ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC), with such negligible structural differences, differ so much in surface behavior on graphitic anodes that one leads to reversible Li-ion intercalation chemistry, while the other only leads to graphene structure disintegration? Through the comparative characterization of reference semicarbonate compounds and interphasial species directly collected from cycled graphitic anodes, the origin of the above distinct interphasial stabilities was tentatively attributed to the bulk physicochemical properties of the single-electron reduction products of EC and PC, rather than from the difference in interphasial reduction pathways. C1 USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensor & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM cxu@arl.army.mil FU U. S. Department of Energy with cost shared by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory FX This work was partially funded by Advanced Battery Research for Transportation (ABRT) Program of U. S. Department of Energy with cost shared by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory. The author also thanks Dr. Y. Lam and Dr. Y. Wang of NMR Facility at University of Maryland for assistance in performing NMR measurements. NR 27 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 34 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2009 VL 156 IS 9 BP A751 EP A755 DI 10.1149/1.3166182 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 475ZB UT WOS:000268405400007 ER PT J AU Jiang, L Hsu, A Chu, D Chen, R AF Jiang, L. Hsu, A. Chu, D. Chen, R. TI Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Carbon Supported Pt and Pd in Alkaline Solutions SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; FUEL-CELLS; ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; PLATINUM; MEDIA; ELECTRODES; PARTICLES; ACID; NANOPARTICLES; CATALYSTS AB Carbon-supported Pt and Pd (20 wt % metal) were employed as oxygen reduction catalysts in 0.1 M NaOH solutions. Results from X-ray diffraction analysis show that the metals are in the form of Pt face-centered cubic (fcc) and Pd (fcc) crystal only. The metal particles were observed to distribute uniformly on carbon supports, and the average particle size of the Pd and the Pt was 3.1 and 2.3 nm, respectively, from the transmission electron microscopy image analysis. The Pd/C catalyst showed high activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) both at room and elevated temperatures (up to 60 degrees C) compared with the Pt/C. The activation energies for the ORR on the Pd/C are slightly lower than that on the Pt/C (39 vs 48 kJ mol(-1) at the overpotential of 0.3 V). The four-electron path is dominant on both the Pt/C and the Pd/C. The H(2)O(2) yields on both catalysts are analyzed in detail. As a cathode fuel cell catalyst, the Pd/C catalyst is less sensitive to alcohol contamination as compared to Pt/C. The challenges for using Pd/C as an ORR catalyst in alkaline solution, are also discussed in this paper. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3058586] All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, L.; Hsu, A.; Chen, R.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Chu, D.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jiang, L (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM jluhua@iupui.edu; rochen@iupui.edu FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-07-2-0036] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (grant no. W911NF-07-2-0036). The authors acknowledge Dr. R. Jeffrey Swope for help with the XRD measurements. We also thank Dr. R. R. Adzic for helpful discussions and valuable suggestions. NR 44 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 11 U2 84 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2009 VL 156 IS 3 BP B370 EP B376 DI 10.1149/1.3058586 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 442JQ UT WOS:000265837900027 ER PT J AU Jiang, L Hsu, A Chu, D Chen, R AF Jiang, L. Hsu, A. Chu, D. Chen, R. TI Size-Dependent Activity of Palladium Nanoparticles for Oxygen Electroreduction in Alkaline Solutions SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION REACTION; PARTICLE-SIZE; FUEL-CELL; ALLOY ELECTROCATALYSTS; HEAT-TREATMENT; PLATINUM; ELECTRODES; CATALYSTS; MEDIA; ELECTROLYTES AB The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of palladium particle size on catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) in alkaline solutions. Carbon-supported palladium catalysts with average Pd particle sizes from 3 to 16.7 nm were obtained by treating a 20% Pd/C catalyst in a H(2)/N(2) gas at elevated temperatures from 300 to 600 degrees C, respectively. The specific activity of the Pd/C catalysts for the ORRs, described by a kinetic ORR current (i(k)) normalized to the Pd active surface area, was found to increase continuously by a factor of about 3 with increased particle size from 3 to 16.7 nm without reaching a maximum. The mass activity increased by a factor of 1.3 when Pd particle size increased from 3 to 5 nm and then decreased with increased Pd particle size. The hydrogen peroxide yield on the Pd/C catalysts was negligible, especially in the mixed kinetic-diffusion controlled region, indicating that the four-electron transfer path is dominant for the ORR on the Pd/C in alkaline solutions. (C) 2009 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3098478] All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, L.; Hsu, A.; Chen, R.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Chu, D.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jiang, L (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM jluhua@iupui.edu; rochen@iupui.edu FU U.S. Army Research Lab [W911NF-07-2-0036] FX This work was partially funded by the U.S. Army Research Lab (grant no. W911NF-07-2-0036). We appreciate Dr. R. Jeffrey Swope for offering the XRD measurements. NR 37 TC 108 Z9 109 U1 8 U2 83 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2009 VL 156 IS 5 BP B643 EP B649 DI 10.1149/1.3098478 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 427LI UT WOS:000264780400022 ER PT J AU Zhu, W Zheng, JP Liang, R Wang, B Zhang, C Au, G Plichta, EJ AF Zhu, W. Zheng, J. P. Liang, R. Wang, B. Zhang, C. Au, G. Plichta, E. J. TI Durability Study on SWNT/Nanofiber Buckypaper Catalyst Support for PEMFCs SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE carbon fibres; carbon nanotubes; catalysts; corrosion resistance; crystal microstructure; durability; platinum; proton exchange membrane fuel cells; sintering; transmission electron microscopy; voltammetry (chemical analysis) ID TEMPERATURE FUEL-CELLS; CARBON NANOTUBES; ELECTROCHEMICAL DURABILITY; MEMBRANE; NANOPARTICLES; REQUIREMENTS; OXIDATION; CORROSION; CATHODE; PT/C AB Due to their unique microstructure, buckypaper-supported platinum (Pt) catalysts derived from carbon nanotube and carbon nanofiber have demonstrated a high Pt utilization in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). [SWNT means single-walled carbon nanotube.] The durability of a buckypaper-supported Pt catalyst was investigated using an accelerated degradation test (ADT) in a mimic cathode environment of PEMFC. Compared to commercial carbon black-supported Pt, Pt/buckypaper showed a better catalyst durability after holding at 1.2 V for 400 h; specifically, almost 80% of the Pt electrochemical surface area was lost for Pt/carbon black, with only a 43% loss for Pt/buckypaper. Transmission electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry were used to study the Pt degradation mechanism. It was concluded that Pt coarsening and Pt detachment from buckypaper support due to carbon corrosion make the major contribution to the Pt surface area loss under this condition. The Pt loss via detachment from supports after the ADT was calculated as 18% in Pt/buckypaper, while the Pt loss was 69% in Pt/C. It is supposedly due to the higher corrosion resistance of buckypaper because of its high graphitization degree, which is indicated by a slower formation rate of surface oxides in buckypaper than in carbon black. Further durability improvement of the Pt/buckypaper is expected by improving the dispersion of Pt on the buckypaper to reduce Pt sintering. C1 [Zhu, W.; Zheng, J. P.] Florida State Univ, Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Zhu, W.; Liang, R.; Wang, B.; Zhang, C.] Florida State Univ, Florida A&M Univ, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, Coll Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Zheng, J. P.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Adv Power Syst, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Liang, R.; Wang, B.; Zhang, C.] Florida State Univ, High Performance Mat Inst, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Au, G.; Plichta, E. J.] USA, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Zhu, W (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM zheng@eng.fsu.edu; liang@eng.fsu.edu RI Zhu, Wei/B-4159-2010 FU AFRL NOSLE; Army CERDEC; NHMFL NSF [DMR-0654118]; State of Florida FX This research was supported by the AFRL NOSLE program and Army CERDEC. The TEM facility is supported by NHMFL NSF DMR-0654118 and the State of Florida. We thank Dr. Y. Xin for performing the TEM measurements. NR 30 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 34 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2009 VL 156 IS 9 BP B1099 EP B1105 DI 10.1149/1.3160572 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA 475ZB UT WOS:000268405400022 ER PT J AU McCauley, JW Patel, P Chen, MW Gilde, G Strassburger, E Paliwal, B Ramesh, KT Dandekar, DP AF McCauley, James W. Patel, Parimal Chen, Mingwei Gilde, Gary Strassburger, Elmar Paliwal, Bhasker Ramesh, K. T. Dandekar, Dattatraya P. TI AlON: A brief history of its emergence and evolution SO JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Transparent Ceramics CY JUN 17-21, 2007 CL Berlin, GERMANY DE AlON; History; Phase equilibrium; Processing; Properties ID GAMMA-ALUMINUM OXYNITRIDE; CARBOTHERMAL NITRIDATION REACTION; GIBBS ENERGY CHANGE; THERMODYNAMIC REASSESSMENT; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SYSTEM AL2O3-ALN; PHASE-RELATIONS; O-N; SPINEL; COMPOSITES AB In the early 1970s in Japan, the United States and France it was found that additions of nitrogen into aluminum oxide resulted in new spinel-like phases. At about the same time there was much increased interest in oxynitrides, stimulated by Professor K. Jack in the UK and Y. Oyama in Japan. Following these activities a major research program in this area was initiated at the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center in Watertown, Massachusetts in 1974. These efforts resulted in the first complete Al2O3-AIN phase equilibrium diagram and a process to reactively sinter to nearly full density, translucent aluminum oxynitride spinel ceramic, which was named AlON. Subsequently, the Raytheon Company further developed AlON into a highly transparent material (ALON (TM)) with many applications including transparent armor and EM domes and windows, among others-the technology was recently transferred to the Surmet Corporation. This paper will review the early history, phase equilibrium, crystal chemistry, and properties of this material, along with more recent work in our laboratory on transient liquid phase sintering and new data on lattice parameter measurements. In addition, recent results of collaborative work on AlON's dynamic mechanical properties using plate impact, Kolsky bar and edge-on impact (EoI) experimental techniques, including preliminary modeling at the microstructural scale of AlON in the EoI test, will be presented. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McCauley, James W.; Patel, Parimal; Gilde, Gary; Dandekar, Dattatraya P.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Chen, Mingwei] Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. [Chen, Mingwei; Paliwal, Bhasker; Ramesh, K. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Strassburger, Elmar] EMI, Fraunhofer Inst Kurzzeitdynam, Efringen Kirchen, Germany. RP McCauley, JW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM mccauley@arl.army.mil RI Chen, Mingwei/A-4855-2010 OI Chen, Mingwei/0000-0002-2850-8872 NR 77 TC 80 Z9 87 U1 19 U2 105 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0955-2219 EI 1873-619X J9 J EUR CERAM SOC JI J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 2 SI SI BP 223 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2008.03.046 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 381LM UT WOS:000261537500003 ER PT J AU Sands, JM Fountzoulas, CG Gilde, GA Patel, PJ AF Sands, J. M. Fountzoulas, C. G. Gilde, G. A. Patel, P. J. TI Modelling transparent ceramics to improve military armour SO JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Transparent Ceramics CY JUN 17-21, 2007 CL Berlin, GERMANY DE Armour; Modelling; Spinel; Failure analysis; Defects AB The dominant materials solution used for ballistic transparency protection of armoured tactical platforms in commercial and military applications is low cost glass backed by polycarbonate. Development of next generation ceramics is critical to offering enhanced protection capability and extended service performance for future armoured windows to the soldier. Due to the high cost of testing transparent ceramics, a modelling approach has been undertaken in parallel with ballistic testing to validate armour designs based on a transparent magnesium aluminate spinel, MgAl(2)O(4), striking-ply backed by polycarbonate. A key purpose is to characterize the influence of defects on the failure of laminates, both statically and dynamically tested. Finite element modelling is used to predict unsuccessful designs and reduce number of laminate configurations in experimental testing. A notional ceramic armour system based on spinel/polycarbonate assemblies is used to report results on the effect of surface and interior, equal area defects on the ballistic behavior of a laminates. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sands, J. M.; Fountzoulas, C. G.; Gilde, G. A.; Patel, P. J.] USA, Res Lab, Survivabil Mat Branch, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Sands, JM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Survivabil Mat Branch, AMSRD ARL WM MD, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM james.m.sands@us.army.mil NR 5 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0955-2219 J9 J EUR CERAM SOC JI J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 2 SI SI BP 261 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2008.03.010 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 381LM UT WOS:000261537500007 ER PT J AU Schlagenhauf, P Johnson, R Schwartz, E Nothdurft, HD Steffen, R AF Schlagenhauf, Patricia Johnson, Richard Schwartz, Eli Nothdurft, Hans D. Steffen, Robert TI Evaluation of Mood Profiles During Malaria Chemoprophylaxis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Four-Arm Study SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MEFLOQUINE; TOLERABILITY; TRAVELERS; EVENTS AB Background. To objectively compare the mood profiles of users of malaria chemoprophylaxis regimens (atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine-proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine) in a group of nonimmune tourists to sub-Saharan Africa. Methods. In a randomized, double-blind, four-arm study with placebo run-in phase conducted at travel clinics in Switzerland, Germany, and Israel, we compared moods and feelings in chemoprophylaxis users (n = 547) by administering the standardized "Profile of Mood States" (POMS) questionnaire. This is designed to provide data on six categories of feelings: tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, and confusion. The questionnaire was administered at four time points: recruitment (T1), 13 to 11 days before departure (T2), 6 to 4 days before departure (T3), and 7 to 14 days after return from Africa (T4). Results. There were no significant differences with respect to overall mood impact between the medication arms. All scores were in the normal range, and no means were more than 1 SD from the norm. The POMS data were reanalyzed with respect to sex, age, medication group, and control time points (T1-T4). There were significant interaction effects between sex and medication group women in the mefloquine group showed more "fatigue" (p =.011) and "confusion" (p =.011) than men. Significant effects of age group (below median age 34 y vs median age and above) were noted on the "tension" and "fatigue" scales in that less "tension" (p =.045) and less "fatigue" (p =.000) were noted in those aged 34 years and older. Younger participants, aged < 34 years, reported more "confusion" (p =.013) at T2 than at T1 and T4. Conclusions. Although the overall mood profiles were similar for the users of any of the standard malaria chemoprophylaxis regimens, we found that women using mefloquine showed more fatigue and confusion than men and that younger persons aged less than 34 years, regardless of chemoprophylaxis used, reported more tension and fatigue than their older counterparts. C1 [Schlagenhauf, Patricia] Univ Zurich, Ctr Travel Med, WHO Collaborating Ctr Travellers Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Communicable Dis, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland. [Johnson, Richard] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Franklin, TN USA. [Schwartz, Eli] Tel Aviv Univ, Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Nothdurft, Hans D.] Univ Munich, HDN, Dept Trop Med & Infect Dis, Munich, Germany. RP Schlagenhauf, P (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Ctr Travel Med, WHO Collaborating Ctr Travellers Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Communicable Dis, Hirschengraben 84, CH-8001 Zurich, Switzerland. EM pat@ifspm.uzh.ch NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 16 IS 1 BP 42 EP 45 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2008.00272.x PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 394VC UT WOS:000262478300008 PM 19192127 ER PT J AU Sears, CLG Wright, J O'Brien, J Jezior, JR Hernandez, SL Albright, TS Siddique, S Fischer, JR AF Sears, Christine L. Gray Wright, Johnnie O'Brien, Jennie Jezior, James R. Hernandez, Sandra L. Albright, Todd S. Siddique, Sohail Fischer, John R. TI The Racial Distribution of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders in an Equal Access Health Care System SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urinary incontinence; prolapse; epidemiology; continental population groups; female ID URINARY-INCONTINENCE; ORGAN PROLAPSE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; STRESS-INCONTINENCE; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; RACE; POPULATION AB Purpose: We examined ethnic differences in female pelvic disorders in an equal access health care system. Materials and Methods: An electronic medical record review was performed for patients with pelvic floor disorders at a military female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery division for a 1-year period. Primary diagnosis codes and patient reported race were reviewed. Results: Mean +/- SD cohort age was 55 +/- 16.3 years, A total of 720 patients were identified, of whom 68.8% were white and 18.6% were black. Pelvic organ prolapse was the primary diagnosis in 34.2% of the women, while 19.7% had stress urinary incontinence and 10.8% had urge urinary incontinence. There was no difference in the prevalence of prolapse between black and white women. However, of patients with incontinence there was a statistically significant difference with urge incontinence in more black women (51.2%) and stress incontinence in more white women (66.2%) (chi-square p <0.05). Conclusions: There is a similar ethnic distribution of pelvic organ prolapse in an equal access health care system. Of women with incontinence there was a higher prevalence of urge urinary incontinence in black women and a higher prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in white women. C1 [Sears, Christine L. Gray] NIH, Natl Capital Consortium Fellowship Program, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Urogynecol,Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Sears, Christine L. Gray; Jezior, James R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sears, CLG (reprint author), NIH, Natl Capital Consortium Fellowship Program, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Urogynecol,Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Christine.Sears@na.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 181 IS 1 BP 187 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.juro.2008.09.035 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 383WU UT WOS:000261705900110 PM 19013607 ER PT J AU Lim, W Jang, JH Kim, SH Norton, DP Craciun, V Pearton, SJ Ren, F Chen, H AF Lim, Wantae Jang, Jung Hun Kim, S. -H. Norton, D. P. Craciun, V. Pearton, S. J. Ren, F. Chen, H. TI Interface dependent electrical properties of amorphous InGaZnO4 thin film transistors SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORS; PERFORMANCE AB The performance of amorphous InGaZnO4 thin film transistors with three different gate dielectrics (SiO2, SiON, and SiNx) is reported. The gate dielectric films were prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition with SiH4, N2O, and NH3 gases at 250 degrees C. Current-voltage (C-V) and refractive index characterization showed that different film compositions were achieved when changing the flow rate of N2O in the precursor gas mixture. The use of SiNx films reduced the interfacial roughness of the channel/gate dielectric by a factor of 2.3 compared to SiO2. This results in an improvement of saturation mobility of the thin film transistors (TFTs) by a similar factor. An enhancement of subthreshold gate-voltage swing and drain current on-to-off ratio for TFTs with SiNx was also attributed to the reduction of the trap density at the channel/gate-dielectric interface. (C) 2009 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3058717] C1 [Lim, Wantae; Jang, Jung Hun; Kim, S. -H.; Norton, D. P.; Craciun, V.; Pearton, S. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ren, F.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chen, H.] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Craciun, Valentin/C-4789-2011 FU Army Research Office [DAAD19-01-1-0603]; NSF [DMR 0700416] FX The work at of was supported in part by the Army Research Office under Grant No. DAAD19-01-1-0603 (monitored by M. Gerhold) and the Army Research Laboratory and NSF (DMR 0700416, L. Hess). The authors thank MAIC and UFNF staff for their help in the performance of this work. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 27 IS 1 BP 126 EP 129 DI 10.1116/1.3058717 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 442KB UT WOS:000265839000023 ER PT J AU McQuade, K Gable, D Holman, S Pearl, G Theune, B AF McQuade, Karen Gable, Dennis Holman, Stephen Pearl, Greg Theune, Brian TI Randomized comparison of ePTFE/nitinol self-expanding stent graft vs prosthetic femoral-popliteal bypass in the treatment of superficial femoral artery occlusive disease SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Vascular-Surgery CY JUN 05-08, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Vasc Surg ID ANGIOPLASTY; ISCHEMIA; LESIONS; IMPLANTATION; STANDARDS; TRIAL AB Background: A randomized prospective study comparing the treatment of superficial femoral artery occlusive disease percutaneously with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE)/nitinol self-expanding stent graft (stent-graft) vs surgical femoral to above knee popliteal artery bypass with synthetic graft material. Methods: One hundred limbs in 86 patients with superficial femoral artery occlusive disease were evaluated from March 2004 to May 2005. Patient symptoms included both claudication and limb threatening ischemia with or without tissue loss. The TransAtlantic InterSociety Consensus (TASC) II A (N = 18), B (N = 56), C (N = 11), and D (N = 15) lesions were included. Patients were randomized prospectively into one of two treatment groups; a percutaneous treatment group (group A; N = 50) with angioplasty and placement of one or more stent-grafts or a surgical treatment group (group B; N = 50) with a femoral to above knee popliteal artery bypass using synthetic conduit (Dacron graft or ePTFE). Patients were followed for a total of 24 months. Follow-up evaluation included clinical assessment and physical examination, ankle-brachial indices (ABI), and color flow duplex sonography at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. Results. The mean total lesion length of the treated arterial segment in the stent-graft group was 25.6 cm (SD +/- 15 cm). The stent-graft group demonstrated a primary patency of 81%, 72%, and 63% witha secondary patency of 86%, 83%, and 74% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. The surgical femoral-popliteal group demonstrated a primary patency of 84%, 77%, and 64% with a secondary patency of 89%, 86%, and 76% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. No statistical difference was found between the two groups with respect to primary (P = .716) or secondary patency (P = .695). Grouping of less severe (TASC II A/B) vs more severe (TASC II C/D) lesions demonstrated patency at 24 months for the femoral-popliteal arm of 63% and 67%, respectively while that of the stent-graft arm was 64% and 47%, respectively. Secondary patency was 76% in both TASC classifications for the femoral-popliteal arm with 78% and 47% patency found respectively in the stent-graft group. These resulted in no significant difference for primary (P = .978) or secondary (P = .653) patency overall, although there is a trend for decreased patency with higher TASC II lesions. Conclusion: Management of superficial femoral artery occlusive disease with percutaneous stent-grafts exhibits similar primary patency at 24-month follow-up when compared with conventional femoral-popliteal artery bypass grafting with synthetic conduit. This treatment method may offer an alternative to treatment of the superficial femoral artery segment for revascularization when prosthetic bypass is being considered or when autologous; conduit is unavailable. (J Vasc Surg 2009;49:109-16.) C1 [McQuade, Karen; Gable, Dennis; Holman, Stephen; Pearl, Greg] Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Surg, Dallas, TX 75226 USA. [Theune, Brian] Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Surg, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Gable, D (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Gen & Vasc Surg, 621 N Hall St,Suite 100, Dallas, TX 75226 USA. EM BUMCVASCSURG@aol.com NR 24 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 109 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2008.08.041 PG 8 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 395UA UT WOS:000262547800019 PM 19028055 ER PT J AU Bush, RL Fairman, RM Flaherty, SF Gillespie, DL AF Bush, Ruth L. Fairman, Ronald M. Flaherty, Stephen F. Gillespie, David L. TI The role of SVS volunteer vascular surgeons in the care of combat casualties: Results from Landstuhl, Germany SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Vascular-Surgery CY JUN 05-08, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Vasc Surg AB With a shortage of active duty vascular surgeons in the military, Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) members have been called upon to perform short-term rotations at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center (LRMC), the US military's receiving facility for combat injuries sustained in the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. From September 2007 to May 2008, 20 SVS vascular surgeons have performed 2-week rotations at LRMC through American Red Cross and US Army sponsorship. Volunteers were surveyed for previous military and/or trauma experience. In addition to reporting number and types of procedures performed, volunteers were queried on their experience and impression of the rotation. Several volunteers have had prior military experience and all have had vascular trauma experience through residency, fellowship, and current practices. With most definitive vascular repairs being done in theater, SVS members were most often called upon for clinical expertise in the care of combat casualties and evaluation of revascularization procedures. The volunteers contributed to daily rounds, patient care, and teaching conferences, as well as actively participated in surgical procedures with the most common being wound examinations under anesthesia for which intraoperative vascular consultation was occasionally requested (5-20 per volunteer). Additional procedures that volunteers performed included: inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement, thrombectomy, revision of lower and upper extremity interposition vein grafts, retroperitoneal spine exposures, diagnostic and therapeutic angiograms, iliac stenting, and duplex ultrasound scan interrogation of vascular repairs, suspected arterial injuries, and deep vein thrombosis. All volunteers described the experience as valuable and will return if needed. With a limited number of military vascular surgeons and the unpredictable need for a vascular specialist at LRMC, civilian volunteers are playing an important role in providing high-quality vascular care for the nation's wounded soldiers by expanding vascular and endovascular capability at LRMC and contributing to general surgical critical care. As volunteers, SVS members are carrying on a tradition started by our surgical forefathers during previous US military conflicts. (J Vasc Surg 2009;49:226-9.) C1 [Bush, Ruth L.] Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Scott & White Hosp, Div Vasc Surg, Temple, TX 76508 USA. [Fairman, Ronald M.] Hosp Univ Penn, Div Vasc Surg & Endovasc Therapy, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Flaherty, Stephen F.] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Landstuhl, Germany. [Gillespie, David L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Bush, RL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Scott & White Hosp, Div Vasc Surg, 2401 S 31st St, Temple, TX 76508 USA. EM rbush@swmail.sw.org OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 226 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2008.09.015 PG 4 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 395UA UT WOS:000262547800039 PM 19174261 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, N Buck, M Payo, A Johnson, BD AF Kobayashi, Nobuhisa Buck, Mitchell Payo, Andres Johnson, Bradley D. TI Berm and Dune Erosion during a Storm SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SHEET FLOW; OVERWASH; BEACH AB The prediction of berm and dune erosion during a storm is essential for storm damage assessment. Simple and transparent formulas for the cross-shore and longshore transport rates of suspended sediment and bed load on beaches are proposed and incorporated into a combined wave and current model to predict the berm and dune erosion under normally and obliquely incident irregular waves. Two small-scale experiments for two different berm profiles were conducted for the calibration of the developed numerical model. The calibrated numerical model is shown to predict the measured berm and dune erosion in these experiments as well as dune erosion measured in three large-scale tests with errors less than a factor of two. The numerical model is used to examine the effects of the wave period and incident wave angle on the berm and dune erosion. These effects are computed to be within a factor of two. C1 [Kobayashi, Nobuhisa] Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Buck, Mitchell] Woods Hole Grp, Falmouth, MA 02536 USA. [Payo, Andres] SIDMAR, E-03720 Alicante, Spain. [Johnson, Bradley D.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Kobayashi, N (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Appl Coastal Res, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM nk@coastal.udel.edu OI Payo, Andres/0000-0001-5596-3953 FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers [W912BU-07-C-0013]; Spanish Postdoctoral Scholarship MEC/FULBRIGHT FX This study was supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers under Contract No. W912BU-07-C-0013. The third writer was supported by the Spanish Postdoctoral Scholarship MEC/FULBRIGHT. The writers would like to thank Marcel van Gent for providing dune erosion data used in this study. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X EI 1943-5460 J9 J WATERW PORT COAST JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 135 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2009)135:1(1) PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 442JV UT WOS:000265838400001 ER PT J AU Ward, ND Gebert, JA Weggel, JR AF Ward, Nicholas Dudley Gebert, Jeffrey A. Weggel, J. Richard TI Hydraulic Study of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB We document the development and application of a one-dimensional flow model of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal based on the dynamic form of the St. Venant equations. Model geometry is based on hydrographic surveys obtained by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in 2006. The model is forced with time-varying tidal boundary conditions at the east and west ends of the Canal, and predicts velocity and discharge at selected locations within the canal. The model was calibrated using current meter data obtained between October 1992 and October 1993, when USACE operated recording current meters in and adjacent to the canal. Following selection of these parameters, the model was run to simulate other periods between October 1992 and October 1993. Comparison of model and prototype current speeds for these simulations demonstrates the ability of the model to reproduce observed flows accurately under a range of tidal forcing conditions. The model was used to describe the average net flow in the canal which is normally from the Chesapeake to the Delaware but which reversed during the Northeaster of December 1992, a period of unusually high meteorologically driven tides of the Delaware Estuary. C1 [Weggel, J. Richard] Drexel Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gebert, Jeffrey A.] USA, Corps Engineers, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Ward, Nicholas Dudley] Pattle Delamore Partners, Radio New Zealand House, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP Weggel, JR (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM nicholas.ward@pdp.co.nz; Jeffrey.a.gebert@usace.army.mil; weggel@drexel.edu NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 135 IS 1 BP 24 EP 30 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2009)135:1(24) PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 442JV UT WOS:000265838400003 ER PT J AU Johnson, EK Arcila, ME Steele, SR AF Johnson, Eric K. Arcila, Maria E. Steele, Scott R. TI Appendiceal Inversion: a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma SO JSLS-JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LAPAROENDOSCOPIC SURGEONS LA English DT Article DE Appendix; Colonoscopy; Appendiceal neoplasm ID VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY; CECAL POLYP; ORIFICE; INTUSSUSCEPTION; ADENOCARCINOMA; APPENDECTOMY; LIGATION; STUMP AB Appendiceal inversion is an uncommon entity that presents a diagnostic dilemma for the gastroenterologist or surgeon. We present 2 cases that illustrate scenarios that may be encountered during colonoscopy. A discussion of the literature on this subject is also presented. An improved awareness of this condition will assist the endoscopist in the identification of this finding and direct the appropriate expectant management. C1 [Johnson, Eric K.] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Colorectal Surg, Ft Gordon, GA USA. [Arcila, Maria E.] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Gordon, GA USA. [Steele, Scott R.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Colorectal Surg, Ft Lewis, WA USA. RP Johnson, EK (reprint author), 224 Oleander Trail, Evans, GA 30809 USA. EM doktrj@gmail.com NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC LAPAROENDOSCOPIC SURGEONS PI MIAMI PA 7330 SW 62 PL, STE 410, MIAMI, FL 33143-4825 USA SN 1086-8089 J9 JSLS-J SOC LAPAROEND JI JSLS-J. Soc. Laparoendosc. Surg. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 13 IS 1 BP 92 EP 95 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 434JI UT WOS:000265270600021 PM 19366551 ER PT J AU Du, Y Shim, J Vidula, M Hancock, MJ Lo, E Chung, BG Borenstein, JT Khabiry, M Cropek, DM Khademhosseini, A AF Du, Yanan Shim, Jaesool Vidula, Mahesh Hancock, Matthew J. Lo, Edward Chung, Bong Geun Borenstein, Jeffrey T. Khabiry, Masoud Cropek, Donald M. Khademhosseini, Ali TI Rapid generation of spatially and temporally controllable long-range concentration gradients in a microfluidic device SO LAB ON A CHIP LA English DT Article ID ROBUST MICROSCALE ASSAYS; MANAGING EVAPORATION; COMPLEX GRADIENTS; CELL-CULTURE; FLOW; CHEMOTAXIS; DISPERSION; CHANNELS; BIOLOGY; ARRAYS AB The ability to rapidly generate concentration gradients of diffusible molecules has important applications in many chemical and biological studies. Here we established spatially and temporally controllable concentration gradients of molecules (i.e. proteins or toxins) in a portable microfluidic device in an easy and rapid manner. The formation of the concentration gradients was initiated by a passive-pump-induced forward flow and further optimized during an evaporation-induced backward flow. The centimeter-long gradients along the microfluidic channel were shown to be spatially and temporally controlled by the backward flow. The gradient profile was stabilized by stopping the flow. Computational simulations of this dynamic process illustrated the combined effects of convection and diffusion on the gradient generation, and fit well with the experimental data. To demonstrate the applications of this methodology, a stabilized concentration gradient of a cardiac toxin, alphacypermethrin, along the microchannel was used to test the response of HL-1 cardiac cells in the micro-device, which correlated with toxicity data obtained from multi-well plates. The approach presented here may be useful for many biological and chemical processes that require rapid generation of long-range gradients in a portable microfluidic device. C1 [Du, Yanan; Shim, Jaesool; Vidula, Mahesh; Hancock, Matthew J.; Lo, Edward; Chung, Bong Geun; Khabiry, Masoud; Khademhosseini, Ali] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Biomed Engn,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Du, Yanan; Shim, Jaesool; Vidula, Mahesh; Hancock, Matthew J.; Lo, Edward; Chung, Bong Geun; Khabiry, Masoud; Khademhosseini, Ali] Harvard Mit Div Hlth Sci & Technol, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Borenstein, Jeffrey T.] Draper Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cropek, Donald M.] USA Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Khademhosseini, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Biomed Engn,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM alik@mit.edu RI Hancock, Matthew/G-3859-2010; Khademhosseini, Ali/A-9435-2010; OI Hancock, Matthew/0000-0001-9820-3620; Khademhosseini, Ali/0000-0002-2692-1524; Khademhosseini, Ali/0000-0001-6322-8852 FU US Army Engineer Research and Development Center; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnology; NIH; Coulter Foundation; Draper Laboratory; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This research has been funded by the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnology, NIH, the Coulter Foundation and the Draper Laboratory. We would like to thank Drs. Utkan Demirci, Young Song, Won Gu Lee, Edward Haeggstrom and Ms. Tracy Chang for the scientific and technical support. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the postgraduate research participation program at the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC-CERL), administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 34 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 30 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1473-0197 J9 LAB CHIP JI Lab Chip PY 2009 VL 9 IS 6 BP 761 EP 767 DI 10.1039/b815990d PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 414EP UT WOS:000263847000003 PM 19255657 ER PT J AU Curtis, TM Widder, MW Brennan, LM Schwager, SJ van der Schalie, WH Fey, J Salazar, N AF Curtis, Theresa M. Widder, Mark W. Brennan, Linda M. Schwager, Steven J. van der Schalie, William H. Fey, Julien Salazar, Noe TI A portable cell-based impedance sensor for toxicity testing of drinking water SO LAB ON A CHIP LA English DT Article ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; BIOSENSOR; CYTOTOXICITY; MONITOR; TIME AB A major limitation to using mammalian cell-based biosensors for field testing of drinking water samples is the difficulty of maintaining cell viability and sterility without an on-site cell culture facility. This paper describes a portable automated bench-top mammalian cell-based toxicity sensor that incorporates enclosed fluidic biochips containing endothelial cells monitored by Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) technology. Long-term maintenance of cells on the biochips is made possible by using a compact, self-contained disposable media delivery system. The toxicity sensor monitors changes in impedance of cell monolayers on the biochips after the introduction of water samples. The fluidic biochip includes an ECIS electronic layer and a polycarbonate channel layer, which together reduce initial impedance disturbances seen in commercially available open well ECIS chips caused by the mechanics of pipetting while maintaining the ability of the cells to respond to toxicants. A curve discrimination program was developed that compares impedance values over time between the control and treatment channels on the fluidic biochip and determines if they are significantly different. Toxicant responses of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells grown on fluidic biochips are similar to cells on commercially-available open well chips, and these cells can be maintained in the toxicity sensor device for at least nine days using an automated media delivery system. Longer-term cell storage is possible; bovine lung microvessel endothelial cells survive for up to four months on the fluidic biochips and remain responsive to a model toxicant. This is the first demonstration of a portable bench top system capable of both supporting cell health over extended periods of time and obtaining impedance measurements from endothelial cell monolayers after toxicant exposure. C1 [Widder, Mark W.; Brennan, Linda M.; van der Schalie, William H.] USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Curtis, Theresa M.] SUNY Coll Cortland, Dept Biol Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. [Schwager, Steven J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Fey, Julien; Salazar, Noe] Agave BioSyst, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Widder, MW (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD USA. EM mark.widder@us.army.mil FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command; Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer programs [W81XWH-04-C-0043, W81XWH-04-C-0140] FX We thank Bill Dennis and Alan Rosencrance for analytical chemistry and sample preparation support and Eli S. Rosenberg for developing the MATLAB curve discrimination program. The views, opinions, and/ or findings contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as official Department of the Army position, policy, or decision, unless so designated by other official documentation. Citations of commercial organizations or trade names in this paper do not constitute an official Department of the Army endorsement or approval of the products or services of these organizations. This work was supported by the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command and by the Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer programs (Contracts W81XWH-04-C-0043 and W81XWH-04-C-0140, respectively). NR 22 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 34 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1473-0197 J9 LAB CHIP JI Lab Chip PY 2009 VL 9 IS 15 BP 2176 EP 2183 DI 10.1039/b901314h PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 471DB UT WOS:000268033900009 PM 19606294 ER PT J AU Bentz, J Schwartz, M Soures, R Clayton, A Crothers, B Laucirica, R Chmara, B Clary, K Wasserman, P Moriarty, A AF Bentz, J. Schwartz, M. Soures, R. Clayton, A. Crothers, B. Laucirica, R. Chmara, B. Clary, K. Wasserman, P. Moriarty, A. TI Do Classic Preparations of Gastrointestinal Cytology Perform Differently Than ThinPrep (R) Cases? Observations from the College of American Pathologists Interlaboratory Comparison Program in Nongynecologic Cytology (CAP NGC) SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 98th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 07-13, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX USA. Coll Amer Pathologists, Northfield, IL USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 14621 USA. Rochester Gen Hosp, Rochester, NY USA. Long Isl Jewish Med Ctr, New Hyde Pk, NY USA. Ameripath Indiana, Indianapolis, IN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 89 SU 1 MA 359 BP 82A EP 82A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 394XK UT WOS:000262486300360 ER PT J AU Furusato, B Sun, C Dobi, A Hu, Y Thangapazham, R Mohamed, A Whitman, EJ Hawksworth, D Tan, SH Cullen, J Chen, Y Petrovics, G Sreenath, T McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Sesterhenn, IA AF Furusato, B. Sun, C. Dobi, A. Hu, Y. Thangapazham, R. Mohamed, A. Whitman, E. J. Hawksworth, D. Tan, S. H. Cullen, J. Chen, Y. Petrovics, G. Sreenath, T. McLeod, D. G. Srivastava, S. Sesterhenn, I. A. TI Splice Variants and Functions of TMPRSS2-ERG Fusion, a Common Genomic Alteration in Prostate Cancer SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 98th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 07-13, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 89 SU 1 MA 764 BP 169A EP 169A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 394XK UT WOS:000262486300765 ER PT J AU Furusato, B DeRosa, C Chen, Y Ravindranath, L Cook, C Cullen, J McLoed, DG Petrovics, G Srivastava, S Sesterhenn, IA AF Furusato, B. DeRosa, C. Chen, Y. Ravindranath, L. Cook, C. Cullen, J. McLoed, D. G. Petrovics, G. Srivastava, S. Sesterhenn, I. A. TI Elevated Secreted Protein, Acidic, and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) Expression in Prostate Cancer Correlates with Tumor Metastasis after Radical Prostatectomy SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 98th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 07-13, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 89 SU 1 MA 765 BP 169A EP 170A PG 2 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 394XK UT WOS:000262486300766 ER PT J AU Howard, NS Cohen, M Chhetri, D AF Howard, N. Scott Cohen, Marc Chhetri, Dinesh TI PHOTODOCUMENTATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERARYTENOID ADHESION BANDS SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article AB Educational Objective: Readers should be able to differentiate between posterior laryngeal granulation tissue that may be conservatively managed from granulation tissue that is at risk of forming interarytenoid adhesions, glottic stenosis or posterior glottic webs. Objectives: Using serial photomicrographs of cases of glottic granulation tissue in their transformation process into interarytenoid adhesions, the paper will discuss 1) the signs, symptoms, and physical exam findings of laryngeal granulation tissue, webs, and interarytenoid adhesions; and 2) demonstrate the process by which granulation tissue may create interarytenoid adhesions. The successful management of these entities is discussed with a review of the literature on these topics. METHODS AND MATERIALS Study Design: Retrospective case reports. Methods: Retrospective case reports of patients with postintubation granulation tissue that developed into interarytenoid adhesions with early signs of immobility. C1 [Howard, N. Scott; Cohen, Marc; Chhetri, Dinesh] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Howard, N. Scott] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Howard, NS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM nshoward@mednet.ucla.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PY 2009 VL 119 SU 1 BP S168 EP S168 DI 10.1002/lary.20445 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA V16IE UT WOS:000207862500168 ER PT B AU Lund, J AF Lund, Jack BE Barat, K TI The Maximum Permissible Exposure A Biophysical Basis SO LASER SAFETY: TOOLS AND TRAINING SE Optical Science and Engineering-CRC LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RETINAL INJURY THRESHOLDS; ULTRASHORT LASER-PULSES; DAMAGE THRESHOLDS; TIME REGIMEN; PRIMATE EYE; IMAGE SIZE; WAVELENGTH; RADIATION; TRANSMISSION; SENSITIVITY C1 [Lund, Jack] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Army Med Res Detachment, Laser Technol & Biophys Grp, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Lund, J (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Army Med Res Detachment, Laser Technol & Biophys Grp, Brooks AFB, TX USA. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6854-2 J9 OPT SCI ENG-CRC PY 2009 VL 141 BP 139 EP 165 PG 27 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BJU14 UT WOS:000267162000011 ER PT J AU Wu, XJ Dmitriev, AE Cardoso, MJ Viers-Costello, AG Borke, RC Streeter, J Anders, JJ AF Wu, Xingjia Dmitriev, Anton E. Cardoso, Mario J. Viers-Costello, Angela G. Borke, Rosemary C. Streeter, Jackson Anders, Juanita J. TI 810 nm Wavelength Light: An Effective Therapy for Transacted or Contused Rat Spinal Cord SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE axonal regeneration; corticospinal tract; dorsal hemisection; low-power laser irradiation; MASCIS impactor; photobiomodulation ID TERM NEUROLOGICAL DEFICITS; FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY; LASER IRRADIATION; PROMOTES REGENERATION; TRAUMATIC PARAPLEGIA; LOCOMOTOR RECOVERY; ENSHEATHING CELLS; PERIPHERAL-NERVE; MOTOR RECOVERY; INJURED RATS AB Background and Objectives: Light therapy has biomodulatory effects on central and peripheral nervous tissue. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system trauma with no effective restorative therapies. The effectiveness of light therapy on SCI caused by different types of trauma was determined. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Two SCI models were used: a contusion model and a dorsal hemisection model. Light (810 nm) was applied transcutaneously at the lesion site immediately after injury and daily for 14 consecutive days. A laser diode with an output power of 150 mW was used for the treatment. The daily dosage at the surface of the skin overlying the lesion site was 1,589 J/cm(2) (0.3 cm 2 spot area, 2,997 seconds). Mini-ruby was used to label corticospinal tract axons, which were counted and measured from the lesion site distally. Functional recovery was assessed by footprint test for the hemisection model and open-field test for the contusion model. Rats were euthanized 3 weeks after injury. Results: The average length of axonal re-growth in the rats in the light treatment (LT) groups with the hemisection (6.89 +/- 0.96 mm) and contusion (7.04 +/- 0.76 mm) injuries was significantly longer than the comparable untreated control groups (3.66 +/- 0.26 mm, hemisection; 2.89 +/- 0.84 mm, contusion). The total axon number in the LT groups was significantly higher compared to the untreated groups for both injury models (P<0.05). For the hemisection model, the LT group had a statistically significant lower angle of rotation (P<0.05) compared to the controls. For contusion model, there was a statistically significant functional recovery (P<0.05) in the LT group compared to untreated control. Conclusions: Light therapy applied non-invasively promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery in acute SCI caused by different types of trauma. These results suggest that light is a promising therapy for human SCI. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:36-41, 2009. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Wu, Xingjia; Viers-Costello, Angela G.; Borke, Rosemary C.; Anders, Juanita J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Dmitriev, Anton E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Doctoral Program Neurosci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Cardoso, Mario J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Streeter, Jackson] PhotoThera Inc, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. RP Anders, JJ (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM janders@usuhs.mil NR 35 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 1 BP 36 EP 41 DI 10.1002/lsm.20729 PG 6 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 400DI UT WOS:000262847800006 PM 19143019 ER PT J AU Garcia, P Mines, MJ Bower, KS Hill, J Menon, J Tremblay, E Smith, B AF Garcia, Pablo Mines, Michael J. Bower, Kraig S. Hill, J. Menon, J. Tremblay, Eric Smith, Benjamin TI Robotic Laser Tissue Welding of Sclera Using Chitosan Films SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 06-10, 2007 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol DE chitosan; wound healing; tissue adhesives; surgery; laser; sclera ID IN-VITRO; VIVO; ADHESIVE; STRENGTH; REPAIR AB Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility of scleral wound closure using a novel adhesive made of chitosan film. Methods: Five-millimeter scleral lacerations were created in enucleated pig eyes. Casted chitosan films were sized to 7x7 mm patches. Lacerations were sealed with chitosan film alone (7 eyes) or chitosan film followed by laser irradiation using a near infrared laser (1,455 nm) at 350 mW for 6 minutes (7 eyes). Seven eyes were closed with 9-0 nylon suture for comparison (7 eyes). Outcome measures included watertight closure, closure time, and leak pressure. Leak pressure was measured with a pressure transducer attached to tubing continuously monitored intraocular pressure during saline infusion. Watertight closure testing was performed immediately following closure (n = 3 per group) and after 24 hours (n = 3 per group). One eye in each group was fixed in formalin for histology. Results: All wounds were watertight for each closure method. Mean closure time with unlasered chitosan film was 2.24 minutes (range 1.80-3.26, 7 eyes) with a mean leak pressure of 303 mm Hg (range 217-364, 3 eyes). Mean closure time with lasered chitosan was 12.47 minutes (range 11.45-14.15, 7 eyes) with a mean leak pressure of 454.7 mm Hg (range 152-721, 3 eyes). Suture closure required a mean of 4.83 minutes (range 4.03-7.30, 7 eyes) and resulted in a mean leak pressure of 570.3 mm Hg (range 460-646, 3 eyes). Both lasered and unlasered chitosan eyes remained watertight after 24 hours. Histology revealed minimal laser tissue damage in lasered eyes. Conclusions: In this preliminary study chitosan film successfully closed scleral lacerations with and without the application of laser energy. While laser appears to strengthen the closure, it significantly increases the closure time. Chitosan based adhesives hold promise as a scleral wound closure technique. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:60-67, 2009. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Mines, Michael J.; Bower, Kraig S.; Smith, Benjamin] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Garcia, Pablo; Hill, J.; Menon, J.] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Tremblay, Eric] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Mines, MJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Rm 1F-18,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Michael.mines@na.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 1 BP 60 EP 67 DI 10.1002/lsm.20727 PG 8 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 400DI UT WOS:000262847800009 PM 19143017 ER PT J AU Glatthaar, JT AF Glatthaar, Joseph T. BE Goethals, GR McDowell, GL TI Genius or Talented Amateur: Lincoln as Military Strategist SO LINCOLNS LEGACY OF LEADERSHIP SE Jepson Studies in Leadership LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Glatthaar, Joseph T.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Glatthaar, Joseph T.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. [Glatthaar, Joseph T.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA. RP Glatthaar, JT (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-230-10456-3 J9 JEPSON STUD LEADERSH PY 2009 BP 159 EP 185 D2 10.1057/9780230104563 PG 27 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA BRP11 UT WOS:000283306100010 ER PT J AU Jones-Kellogg, R AF Jones-Kellogg, Rebecca TI Initiation into Portuguese Literature. SO LUSO-BRAZILIAN REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Jones-Kellogg, Rebecca] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Jones-Kellogg, R (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV WISCONSIN PRESS PI MADISON PA JOURNAL DIVISION, 1930 MONROE ST, 3RD FL, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0024-7413 J9 LUSO-BRAZ REV JI Luso-Braz. Rev. PY 2009 VL 46 IS 2 BP 215 EP 217 PG 3 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 638EZ UT WOS:000280877400027 ER PT S AU Jones, T Kondoh, K AF Jones, Tyrone Kondoh, Katsuyoshi BE Nyberg, EA Agnew, SR Neelameggham, MR Pekguleryuz, MO TI Initial Evaluation of Advanced Powder Metallurgy Magnesium Alloys for Dynamic Applications SO MAGNESIUM TECHNOLOGY 2009 SE Magnesium Technology Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Magnesium Technology Symposium 2009 CY FEB 15-19, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA DE Powder Metallurgy; Magnesium Alloys; AZ31B; AMX602; Ballistic Performance; Structural AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is interested in assessing the performance of different magnesium alloys. The ARL and the Joining and Welding Research Institute (JWRI) conducted a joint effort to develop and evaluate advanced powder metallurgy magnesium alloys AZ31B and AMX602 (Mg-6Al-0.5Mn-2Ca/mass%) sheets. JWRI performed the mechanical and metallurgical analysis, while ARL performed the ballistic analysis. The thin gauge magnesium alloy sheets were ballistically evaluated against the 0.22-cal fragment simulating projectile (FSP). The powder magnesium alloys' mechanical properties and ballistic performance are compared to the conventionally processed AZ31B-H24. C1 [Jones, Tyrone] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM TA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Jones, T (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM TA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA SN 1545-4150 BN 978-0-87339-730-8 J9 MAGNESIUM TECHNOLOGY PY 2009 BP 185 EP 189 PG 5 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy GA BIZ82 UT WOS:000264051500034 ER PT J AU Jabbari, B Babcock, MS AF Jabbari, Bahman Babcock, Mary S. BE Truong, D Dressler, D Hallett, M TI Treatment of plantar fasciitis with botulinum toxin SO MANUAL OF BOTULINUM TOXIN THERAPY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PAIN C1 [Jabbari, Bahman] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Babcock, Mary S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Jabbari, B (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-69442-1 PY 2009 BP 185 EP 188 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511575761.023 D2 10.1017/CBO9780511575761 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BDI45 UT WOS:000313441000023 ER PT B AU Fitts, ME Heath, CL AF Fitts, Mary Elizabeth Heath, Charles L. BE Ethridge, R ShuckHall, SM TI "Indians Refusing to Carry Burdens" UNDERSTANDING THE SUCCESS OF CATAWBA POLITICAL, MILITARY, AND SETTLEMENT STRATEGIES IN COLONIAL CAROLINA SO MAPPING THE MISSISSIPPIAN SHATTER ZONE: THE COLONIAL INDIAN SLAVE TRADE AND REGIONAL INSTABILITY IN THE AMERICAN SOUTH LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Fitts, Mary Elizabeth; Heath, Charles L.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Heath, Charles L.] Ft Bragg Cultural Resources Management Program, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Fitts, ME (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA BN 978-0-8032-2614-2; 978-0-8032-1759-1 PY 2009 BP 142 EP 162 PG 21 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA BB0MY UT WOS:000340471800006 ER PT J AU Wilson, SJK Fredette, TJ Germano, JD Blake, JA Neubert, PLA Carey, DA AF Wilson, Stephanie J. K. Fredette, Thomas J. Germano, Joseph D. Blake, James A. Neubert, Pamela L. A. Carey, Drew A. TI Plan-view photos, benthic grabs, and sediment-profile images: Using complementary techniques to assess response to seafloor disturbance SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Dredged material; New England; Sediment-profile imaging; Plan-view imaging; Benthic biology; Rhode Island Sound ID DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL; CHESAPEAKE BAY; MACROBENTHOS; MACROINVERTEBRATES; CONSEQUENCES; ENVIRONMENT; COMMUNITY; HABITATS; SEAFLOOR; ENGLAND AB A monitoring survey was conducted in July 2005 at the Rhode Island Sound Disposal Site (RISDS) as part of the Disposal Area Monitoring System (DAMOS) program. The survey included the collection of sediment-profile and plan-view images, and benthic biology grabs. Each of these techniques provides a different, yet complementary perspective on benthic community conditions. These complementary techniques aided in the assessment of the benthic recovery process within RISDS following the placement of dredged material from the Providence River and Harbor Maintenance Dredging Project (PRHMDP). Based on observed patterns of physical, chemical, and biological responses of seafloor environments to dredged material disposal activity it was expected that the benthic community within RISDS would be in an intermediate phase of recolonization (Stage II). Results of the 2005 RISDS survey indicated that in the six months since disposal activities at RISDS had concluded, the biological community at RISDS was recovering relatively rapidly and Stages II and III infauna were present throughout the region. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wilson, Stephanie J. K.] ENSR, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Fredette, Thomas J.] USA, Corps Engineers, Concord, MA 01742 USA. [Germano, Joseph D.] Germano & Associates, Bellevue, WA 98006 USA. [Neubert, Pamela L. A.] ENSR, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Carey, Drew A.] CoastalVision, Newport, RI 02840 USA. RP Wilson, SJK (reprint author), ENSR, 2 Technol Pk Dr, Westford, MA 01886 USA. EM stephanie.wilson@aecom.com FU US Army Corps of Engineers,New England District [W912WJ-07-D-0002] FX We would like to acknowledge the US Army Corps of Engineers, New England District, under Contract No. W912WJ-07-D-0002, to ENSR for supporting this project. We would also like to thank Ananda Ranasinghe and Dr. Angel BorJa for organizing this special opportunity through the Estuarine Research Federation Conference. In addition, we would like to thank Isabelle Williams and Stacy Doner for their efforts in sorting and identifying the benthic infauna and the field crews and marine technicians from ENSR, CR Environmental, and Germano and Associates for their assistance with the sample collection. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 2009 VL 59 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 26 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.11.019 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 420PG UT WOS:000264301100004 PM 19118848 ER PT S AU Williams, EM Graham, SS Akers, SA Reed, PA Rushing, TS AF Williams, E. M. Graham, S. S. Akers, S. A. Reed, P. A. Rushing, T. S. BE Mammoli, AA Brebbia, CA TI Mechanical properties of a baseline UHPC with and without steel fibers SO MATERIALS CHARACTERISATION IV: COMPUTATIONAL METHODS AND EXPERIMENTS SE WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Computation Methods and Experiments in Materials Characterisation CY JUN 17-19, 2009 CL New Forest, ENGLAND DE ultra-high-performance concrete; steel fibers; high pressure mechanical response AB Personnel of the Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, conducted a series of laboratory experiments to investigate the strength and constitutive property behavior of baseline ultra-high-performance composite concrete (Cor-Tuf) with and without steel fibers. A total of 23 mechanical property tests were successfully completed for each Cor-Tuf concrete. The property tests included hydrostatic compression, unconfined compression (UC), triaxial compression (TXC), unconfined direct pull (DP), uniaxial strain, and uniaxial-strain-load/constant-volume-strain loading tests. Results of the TXC tests exhibited a continuous increase in maximum principal stress difference with increasing confining stress. A compression failure surface was developed from the TXC and the UC test results. The results for the DP tests were used to determine the unconfined tensile strength of the concretes, which was less than 10% of the unconfined compression strength. The Cor-Tuf with the steel fibers exhibits slightly greater strength with increased confining pressure than the Cor-Tuf without steel fibers. Overall, the results from all of the compression tests for both Cor-Tuf concretes were very similar. C1 [Williams, E. M.; Graham, S. S.; Akers, S. A.; Reed, P. A.; Rushing, T. S.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Williams, EM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU WIT PRESS PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ASHURST, ENGLAND SN 1746-4471 BN 978-1-84564-189-4 J9 WIT TRANS ENG SCI PY 2009 VL 64 BP 93 EP 104 DI 10.2495/MC090091 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA BLS14 UT WOS:000270918100009 ER PT J AU Stephenson, LD Kumar, A AF Stephenson, Larry D. Kumar, Ashok TI CASE HISTORY Corrosion Control Technologies for Wastewater Treatment Plants SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article AB Wastewater treatment plant components generally experience both atmospheric and immersion corrosion. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), which is usually present, has, wide-ranging effects in wastewater systems, most notably causing corrosion and odor problems. The corrosion problems can be mitigated by a combination of strategies including judicious selection and implementation of emerging corrosion-resistant coatings. C1 [Stephenson, Larry D.] USA, Corps Engineers, Erdc, CERL, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Stephenson, LD (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Erdc, CERL, POB 9005, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1 BP 42 EP 47 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 390TQ UT WOS:000262187000016 ER PT B AU Haas, P AF Haas, Peter BE Jacobs, SL TI "Thou Shalt Teach It to Thy Children" What American Jewish Children's Literature Teaches about the Holocaust SO MAVEN IN BLUE JEANS: A FESTSCHRIFT IN HONOR OF ZEV GARBER SE Shofar Supplements in Jewish Studies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Haas, Peter] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Haas, Peter] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Haas, Peter] USA, Washington, DC USA. RP Haas, P (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PURDUE UNIV PRESS PI W LAFAYETTE PA SOUTH CAMPUS COURTS D, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA BN 978-1-55753-521-4 J9 SHOFAR SUPPL JEW STU PY 2009 BP 294 EP 304 PG 11 WC Religion SC Religion GA BON36 UT WOS:000277065900028 ER PT J AU Al-Smadi, YM Shen, Q Russell, K Sodhi, RS AF Al-Smadi, Yahia M. Shen, Qiong Russell, Kevin Sodhi, Raj S. TI Planar Four-Bar Motion Generation with Prescribed Static Torque and Rigid-Body Reaction Force# SO MECHANICS BASED DESIGN OF STRUCTURES AND MACHINES LA English DT Article DE Driver static torque; Four-bar mechanism; Motion generation; Rigid-body load ID LINKAGES; MECHANISMS AB In motion generation, the objective is to calculate the mechanism parameters required to achieve or approximate a set of prescribed rigid-body poses. This work introduces a new design constraint that considers driving link static torque for a given rigid-body load. By incorporating this new constraint into conventional planar four-bar motion generation models (Sandor and Erdman, 1984; Suh and Radcliffe 1978), planar four-bar mechanisms are synthesized to achieve not only prescribed rigid-body poses, but also to satisfy prescribed driver static torque for a given rigid-body load. The included example demonstrates the synthesis of a four-bar braking mechanism. C1 [Al-Smadi, Yahia M.] AECOM New York, Special Struct Grp, Parsons Transportat Grp, New York, NY 10005 USA. [Shen, Qiong; Sodhi, Raj S.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Russell, Kevin] USA, Res, Dev & Engn Ctr, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Al-Smadi, YM (reprint author), AECOM New York, Special Struct Grp, Parsons Transportat Grp, New York, NY 10005 USA. RI Shen, Qiong/N-4015-2013 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1539-7734 J9 MECH BASED DES STRUC JI Mech. Based Des. Struct. Mech. PY 2009 VL 37 IS 1 BP 73 EP 85 AR PII 909288665 DI 10.1080/15397730802713389 PG 13 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 415JO UT WOS:000263930300005 ER PT J AU Al-Smadi, YM Russell, K Sodhi, RS AF Al-Smadi, Yahia M. Russell, Kevin Sodhi, Raj S. TI On Traveler Braking Mechanism Design with Elastic Deflection and Buckling Considerations SO MECHANICS BASED DESIGN OF STRUCTURES AND MACHINES LA English DT Article DE Buckling; Elastic deflection; Four-bar mechanism; Motion generation ID MULTIPHASE MOTION GENERATION; 4-BAR MECHANISMS; PLANAR; LINKAGES; FORCE AB In conventional planar four-bar motion generation, all mechanism links are assumed rigid or nondeforming. Although the assumption of link rigidity in kinematic synthesis may be generally appropriate and often practiced, a statically loaded planar four-bar mechanism will undergo a degree of elastic deflection, particularly the crank and follower links. In this work, a nonlinear optimization problem is formulated for planar four-bar motion generation that considers an applied coupler force and corresponding crank static torque, crank transverse deflection, and follower buckling. This work is an extension of the author' published work on planar four-bar motion generation with a static torque constraint (Al-Smadi et al., 2009). The included example demonstrates the synthesis of a traveler braking mechanism with limited crank deflection and without follower buckling in addition to the constraints considered in the author' published work. C1 [Al-Smadi, Yahia M.] AECOM, Special Struct Grp, New York, NY 10005 USA. [Russell, Kevin] USA, Armaments Engn & Technol Ctr, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. [Sodhi, Raj S.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Al-Smadi, YM (reprint author), AECOM, Special Struct Grp, New York, NY 10005 USA. EM yahia.al-smadi@aecom.com NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1539-7734 J9 MECH BASED DES STRUC JI Mech. Based Des. Struct. Mech. PY 2009 VL 37 IS 3 BP 401 EP 412 AR PII 913819194 DI 10.1080/15397730902970483 PG 12 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 481TC UT WOS:000268833700007 ER PT B AU Barnes, LE Fields, MA Valavanis, K AF Barnes, Laura E. Fields, Mary Anne Valavanis, Kimon GP IEEE TI A Bar Magnet Approach to Controlling Multirobot Systems SO MED: 2009 17TH MEDITERRANEAN CONFERENCE ON CONTROL & AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation CY JUN 24-26, 2009 CL Thessaloniki, GREECE ID COMMUNICATION AB In this paper, we present a novel strategy for organizing groups of robots into a formation utilizing artificial potentials which behave like a bar magnet. A mathematical surface is defined that will "pull" the robots into formation controlling the overall geometry. Nonlinear limiting functions are defined to attract and hold members in a geometric formation. By adjusting control parameters, the shape and the extent of the formation is controlled. Formations can dynamically change and adapt accordingly by making the control parameters time varying. This approach is computationally efficient and scales well to large team sizes. Simulation studies are presented for ten robots in wedge, inverted 'vee', and column formations. C1 [Barnes, Laura E.] Univ Texas Arlington, Automat & Robot Inst, Ft Worth, TX 76118 USA. [Fields, Mary Anne] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Valavanis, Kimon] Univ Denver, Dept Elect Engn, Denver, CO 80208 USA. RP Barnes, LE (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Automat & Robot Inst, Ft Worth, TX 76118 USA. EM lbarnes@arri.uta.edu; mafld@arl.army.mil; kimon.valavanis@du.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-4684-1 PY 2009 BP 416 EP 421 DI 10.1109/MED.2009.5164577 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BQC63 UT WOS:000280699600073 ER PT J AU Courtney, AC Courtney, MW AF Courtney, A. C. Courtney, M. W. TI A thoracic mechanism of mild traumatic brain injury due to blast pressure waves SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES LA English DT Article ID ARMOR BLUNT TRAUMA; TYMPANIC-MEMBRANE PERFORATION; MISSILE EXTREMITY IMPACT; SMALL-BOWEL INJURY; INDUCED NEUROTRAUMA; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; IMPULSE NOISE; SHELL SHOCK; PIGS; TRANSIENT AB The mechanisms by which blast pressure waves cause mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are an open question. Possibilities include acceleration of the head, direct passage of the blast wave via the cranium, and propagation of the blast wave to the brain via a thoracic mechanism. The hypothesis that the blast pressure wave reaches the brain via a thoracic mechanism is considered in light of ballistic and blast pressure wave research. Ballistic pressure waves, caused by penetrating ballistic projectiles or ballistic impacts to body armor, can only reach the brain via an internal mechanism and have been shown to cause cerebral effects. Similar effects have been documented when a blast pressure wave has been applied to the whole body or focused on the thorax in animal models. While vagotomy reduces apnea and bradycardia due to ballistic or blast pressure waves, it does not eliminate neural damage in the brain, suggesting that the pressure wave directly affects the brain cells via a thoracic mechanism. An experiment is proposed which isolates the thoracic mechanism from cranial mechanisms of mTBI due to blast wave exposure. Results have implications for evaluating risk of mTBI due to blast exposure and for developing effective protection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Courtney, A. C.] US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Courtney, M. W.] Ballist Testing Grp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Courtney, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, POB 24, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM amy_courtney@post.harvard.edu; michael_courtney@alum.mit.edu NR 81 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 11 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0306-9877 J9 MED HYPOTHESES JI Med. Hypotheses PD JAN PY 2009 VL 72 IS 1 BP 76 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2008.08.015 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 385YZ UT WOS:000261850800023 PM 18829180 ER PT J AU Hartzell, JD Veerappan, GR Posley, K Shumway, NM Durning, SJ AF Hartzell, Joshua D. Veerappan, Ganesh R. Posley, Keith Shumway, Nathan M. Durning, Steven J. TI Resident run journal club: A model based on the adult learning theory SO MEDICAL TEACHER LA English DT Article ID POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL-EDUCATION; CURRICULUM AB Background: Multiple formats of journal club exist but data is lacking regarding which model is most effective. Many residents are dissatisfied with their current format, which was the case at our institution. Aim: This article discusses a resident run model, residents' perceptions following its implementation, and recommendations for running a successful journal club. Practice points Journal club formats vary extensively without a clearly superior method. Defining goals is the first step to a successful journal club. Structured review instruments for articles enhance journal club. The presence of subspecialty staff may augment learning. Resident-run models of journal club can be successfully implemented. Methods: A resident run model of journal club was developed based on Adult Learning Theory. A 30-question survey was created to assess residents' attitudes and satisfaction with the new model. Results: All respondents preferred the new model compared to the old model. Residents reported the new model increased their medical knowledge (88%) and they were able to apply the methods learned in journal club to actual patients (82%). Conclusions: A resident run model of journal club may be a viable option for those attempting to start or improve their current club. C1 [Hartzell, Joshua D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Posley, Keith] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Shumway, Nathan M.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Durning, Steven J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hartzell, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, BLD 2,Ward 63,6900 Georgia AVE NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM joshua.hartzell@amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-159X J9 MED TEACH JI Med. Teach. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 4 BP E156 EP E161 AR PII 910828563 DI 10.1080/01421590802516723 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 439OC UT WOS:000265635400006 PM 19404887 ER PT J AU Cadena, J Hartzler, A Hsue, G Longfield, RN AF Cadena, Jose Hartzler, Anthony Hsue, Gunther Longfield, Roben N. TI Coccidioidomycosis and Tuberculosis Coinfection at a Tuberculosis Hospital Clinical Features and Literature Review SO MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS; CASE SERIES; DISEASES; COEXISTENCE; POPULATION; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Tuberculosis (TB) and coccidioidomycosis can have similar clinical and radiologic presentations but require different treatments. Coinfection with TB and Coccidioides immitis is uncommonly reported and may be underdiagnosed in endemic areas. We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of all patients admitted to a TB referral hospital between 1995 and 2007, and selected all cases of TB and coccidioidomycosis coinfection in patients aged 18 years or older. All admitted patients had a diagnosis of TB and had sputum cultures for both pathogens. We reviewed clinical, laboratory, and radiologic features of the cases, and noted antimicrobial treatments received and outcomes. We identified 9 patients, of whom 7 (78%) were Hispanic. Most patients were male (8/9, 89%), and all were diagnosed with coccidioidomycosis after TB. Three (33%) patients had drug-resistant TB. Six patients had culture-positive TB at the time of the double diagnosis, and 2 patients developed active coccidioidomycosis during their hospital stay. Only I had human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV-AIDS) (CD4 count, 20 cells/mm(3)). All but 2 patients were treated with antifungal agents. Two patients died, 1 of whom had AIDS. Radiologic studies were unable to distinguish between TB and coccidioidomycosis, except for a patient who developed a new air-fluid level in a previously stable cavity. TB and coccidioidomycosis coinfection should be suspected in coccidioidomycosis-endemic regions among patients with TB who fail to improve clinically or radiologically despite adequate, culture-directed therapy. C1 [Cadena, Jose; Hartzler, Anthony] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Hsue, Gunther] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Longfield, Roben N.] Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Specialty Care Serv, Texas Ctr Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Cadena, J (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Mail Code 7881,7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM cadenazuluag@utscsa.edu NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7974 J9 MEDICINE JI Medicine (Baltimore) PD JAN PY 2009 VL 88 IS 1 BP 66 EP 76 DI 10.1097/MD.0b013e318194757a PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 396LN UT WOS:000262593300006 PM 19352301 ER PT J AU Ostashev, VE Vecherin, SN Wilson, DK Ziemann, A Goedecke, GH AF Ostashev, Vladimir E. Vecherin, Sergey N. Wilson, D. Keith Ziemann, Astrid Goedecke, George H. TI Recent progress in acoustic travel-time tomography of the atmospheric surface layer SO METEOROLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT LA English DT Article CT 14th International Symposium for the Advancement of Boundary Layer Remote Sensing CY JUN 23-25, 2008 CL Tech Univ Denmark, Copenhagen, DENMARK HO Tech Univ Denmark ID DEPENDENT STOCHASTIC INVERSION; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; TEMPERATURE; FIELD; RECONSTRUCTION; EXPLOSIONS; ANIMALS; SOUND; WIND AB Acoustic tomography of the atmospheric surface layer (ASL) is based on measurements of the travel times of sound propagation between sources and receivers which constitute a tomography array. Then, the temperature and wind velocity fields inside the tomographic volume or area are reconstructed using different inverse algorithms. Improved knowledge of these fields is important in many practical applications. Tomography has certain advantages in comparison with currently used instrumentation for measurement of the temperature and wind velocity. In this paper, a short historical overview of acoustic tomography of the atmosphere is presented. The main emphasis is on recent progress in acoustic tomography of the ASL. The tomography arrays that have been used so far are discussed. Inverse algorithms for reconstruction of the temperature and wind velocity fields from the travel times are reviewed. Some results in numerical simulations of acoustic tomography of the ASL and reconstruction of the turbulence fields in tomography experiments are presented and discussed. C1 [Ostashev, Vladimir E.] NOAA, EarthSyst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Ostashev, Vladimir E.; Vecherin, Sergey N.; Goedecke, George H.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Vecherin, Sergey N.; Wilson, D. Keith] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH USA. [Ziemann, Astrid] Univ Leipzig, Inst Meteorol, Leipzig, Germany. RP Ostashev, VE (reprint author), NOAA, EarthSyst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, R PSD 3325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM Vladimir.Ostashev@noaa.gov RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 52 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0941-2948 J9 METEOROL Z JI Meteorol. Z. PY 2009 VL 18 IS 2 BP 125 EP 133 DI 10.1127/0941-2948/2009/0364 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 447XF UT WOS:000266224600002 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Ott, S Goedecke, GH Ostashev, VE AF Wilson, D. Keith Ott, Soren Goedecke, George H. Ostashev, Vladimir E. TI Quasi-wavelet formulations of turbulence and wave scattering SO METEOROLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT LA English DT Article CT 14th International Symposium for the Advancement of Boundary Layer Remote Sensing CY JUN 23-25, 2008 CL Tech Univ Denmark, Copenhagen, DENMARK HO Tech Univ Denmark ID ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; BOUNDARY-LAYER; GLOBAL INTERMITTENCY; SIMULATION; FIELD; FLUCTUATIONS; PROPAGATION; MODEL; COHERENCE AB Quasi-wavelets (QWs) are eddy-like entities similar to customary wavelets in the sense that they are based on translations and dilations of a spatially localized parent function. The positions and orientations are, however, normally taken to be random. Random fields Such as turbulence may be represented as ensembles of QWs with appropriately selected size distributions, number densities. and amplitude,;. This paper overviews previous results concerning QWs and provides a new, QW-based model of anisotropic turbulence in a shear-dominated surface layer. The following points are emphasized. (1) Many types of QWs and couplings, suitable for various applicatons, can be constructed through differentiation of spherically symmetric parent functions. For velocity fluctuations, QWs with toroidal and poloidal circulations can be derived. (2) Self-similar ensembles of QWs with rotation rates scaling according to Kolmogorov's hypotheses naturally produce classical inertial-subrange spectra. (3) Momentum and heat fluxes in surface-layer turbulence can be described by introducing preferred orientations and correlations among QWs representing temperature and velocity perturbations. (4) In contrast to Fourier modes, QWs can be naturally arranged in a spatially intermittent manner. Models for both local (intrinsic) and global intermittency are discussed. (5) The spatially localized nature of QWs can be advantageous in wave-scattering calculations and other applications. C1 [Wilson, D. Keith] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ott, Soren] Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Roskilde, Denmark. [Goedecke, George H.; Ostashev, Vladimir E.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ostashev, Vladimir E.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM D.Keith.Wilson@usace.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0941-2948 J9 METEOROL Z JI Meteorol. Z. PY 2009 VL 18 IS 3 BP 237 EP 252 DI 10.1127/0941-2948/2009/0382 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 477YF UT WOS:000268554200002 ER PT S AU Benitez, PL Kamimori, GK Balkin, TJ Greene, A Johnson, ML AF Benitez, Patrick L. Kamimori, Gary K. Balkin, Thomas J. Greene, Alexander Johnson, Michael L. BE Johnson, ML Brand, L TI MODELING FATIGUE OVER SLEEP DEPRIVATION, CIRCADIAN RHYTHM, AND CAFFEINE WITH A MINIMAL PERFORMANCE INHIBITOR MODEL SO METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY: COMPUTER METHODS, VOL 454, PT A SE Methods in Enzymology LA English DT Review; Book Chapter ID INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; BLOOD-PRESSURE; WAKEFULNESS; DEXTROAMPHETAMINE; DECONVOLUTION; CONTRIBUTE; MODAFINIL; ALERTNESS; SIMULATOR; BRAIN AB Sleep loss, as well as concomitant fatigue and risk, is ubiquitous in today's fast-paced society. A biomathematical model that succeeds in describing performance during extended wakefulness would have practical utility in operational environments and could help elucidate the physiological basis of sleep loss effects. Eighteen subjects (14 males, 4 females; age 25.8 +/- 4.3 years) with low levels of habitual caffeine consumption (<300 mg/day) participated. On night 1, subjects slept for 8 h (2300-0700 h), followed by 77 h of continuous wakefulness. They were assigned randomly to receive placebo or caffeine (200 mg, i.e., two sticks of Stay Alert gum) at 0100, 0300, 0500, and 0700 during nights 2, 3, and 4. The psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) was administered periodically over the 77-h period of continuous wakefulness. Statistical analysis reveals lognormality in each PVT, allowing for closed-form median calculation. An iterative parameter estimation algorithm, which takes advantage of MatLab's (R2007a) least-squares nonlinear regression, is used to estimate model parameters from subjects' PVT medians over time awake. In the model, daily periodicity is accounted for with a four-component Fourier series, and a simplified binding function describes asymptotic fatigue. The model highlights patterns in data that suggest (1) the presence of a performance inhibitor that increases and saturates over the period of continuous wakefulness, (2) competitive inhibition of this inhibitor by caffeine, (3) the persistence of an internally driven circadian rhythm of alertness, and (4) a multiplicative relationship between circadian rhythm and performance inhibition. The present inhibitor-based minimal model describes performance data in a manner consistent with known biochemical processes. C1 [Benitez, Patrick L.; Johnson, Michael L.] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Pharmacol, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Benitez, Patrick L.; Johnson, Michael L.] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Kamimori, Gary K.; Balkin, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Greene, Alexander] Univ Florida, Sch Med, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Benitez, PL (reprint author), Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Pharmacol, Charlottesville, VA USA. FU National Institutes of Health [RR019991, DK064122, RR00847, HD28934, GM063480]; Leadership Alliance FX The authors acknowledge the support of the National Institutes of Health (NIH; RR019991, DK064122, RR00847, HD28934) and the Leadership Alliance (NIH T36 GM063480). NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0076-6879 BN 978-0-12-374552-1 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 2009 VL 454 BP 405 EP 421 DI 10.1016/S0076-6879(08)03816-0 PN A PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BIW13 UT WOS:000263265500016 PM 19216936 ER PT J AU Arnett, CM Rodriguez, G Maloney, SW AF Arnett, Clint M. Rodriguez, Giselle Maloney, Stephen W. TI Analysis of Bacterial Community Diversity in Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Bioreactors Treating 2,4-Dinitroanisole (DNAN) and n-Methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA) Using 16S rRNA Gene Clone Libraries SO MICROBES AND ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE 2,4-dinitroanisole; DNAN; insensitive munitions; MNA; n-methyl-4-nitroaniline ID HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; SYSTEM; RDX AB Clone libraries were used to evaluate the effects of 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and n-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA) on bacterial populations within three anaerobic bioreactors. Prior to the addition of DNAN and MNA greater than 69% of the clones in each reactor were identified as a single Desulfuromonales species. However, after 60 days of treatment the Desulfuromonales distribution decreased to less than 13% of the distribution and a clone identified as a Levilinea sp. became the dominant organism at greater than 27% of the clone distribution in each reactor suggesting the species may play an important roll in the reduction of DNAN and MNA. C1 [Arnett, Clint M.; Rodriguez, Giselle; Maloney, Stephen W.] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Arnett, CM (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM clint.arnett@usace.army.mil RI Motteran, Fabricio/F-8406-2012 OI Motteran, Fabricio/0000-0002-7664-2697 NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 16 PU JAPANESE SOC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY, DEPT BIORESOURCE SCIENCE PI IBARAKI PA C/O DR. HIROYUKI OHTA, SEC, IBARAKI UNIV COLLEGE OF AGRICULT, AMI-MACHI, IBARAKI, JAPAN SN 1342-6311 J9 MICROBES ENVIRON JI Microbes Environ. PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 72 EP 75 DI 10.1264/jsme2.ME08556 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 416GW UT WOS:000263994800012 PM 21566358 ER PT S AU Gee, D Churaman, WA Currano, LJ Zakar, E AF Gee, Danny Churaman, Wayne A. Currano, Luke J. Zakar, Eugene BE Vengallatore, S Bagdahn, J Sheppard, NF Spearing, SM TI Design and Fabrication of MEMS Piezoelectric Rotational Actuators SO MICROELECTROMECHANCIAL SYSTEMS - MATERIALS AND DEVICES II SE Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Microelectromechanical Systems - Materials and Devices II held at the 2008 MRS Fall Meeting CY DEC 01-02, 2008 CL Boston, MA SP Mat Res Soc ID FILM AB As Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) continue to mature and increase in design complexity, the need to exploit rotation in MEMS devices has become more apparent. An in-plane piezoelectric rotational actuator is proposed that provides free deflections on the order of 1.5 degrees with applied biases of less than 25V and nanoampere currents. Moments up to 6x10(-8) N.m, corresponding to forces of 125 mu N, were measured using MEMS cantilever springs. The actuator utilizes the low-power, high-force characteristics of lead zirconate titanate and a coupled, dual offset-beam design to provide effective rotational displacement. The resulting power consumption is three orders of magnitude less than current electrothermal rotational designs. C1 [Gee, Danny; Churaman, Wayne A.; Currano, Luke J.; Zakar, Eugene] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gee, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA SN 0272-9172 BN 978-1-60511-111-7 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 2009 VL 1139 BP 41 EP 46 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BMC58 UT WOS:000271850400005 ER PT J AU Schaubert, D Bernhard, J Mailloux, R Palmer, WD AF Schaubert, Daniel Bernhard, Jennifer Mailloux, Robert Palmer, W. Devereux TI STATE-OF-THE-ART ANTENNA TECHNOLOGY, THE 2008 ANTENNA APPLICATIONS SYMPOSIUM SO MICROWAVE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Schaubert, Daniel] Univ Massachusetts, CASCA, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Bernhard, Jennifer] Univ Illinois, Electromagnet Lab, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Palmer, W. Devereux] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Schaubert, D (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, CASCA, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RI Palmer, William/E-2296-2012; OI Bernhard, Jennifer/0000-0002-0929-387X NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU HORIZON HOUSE PUBLICATIONS INC PI NORWOOD PA 685 CANTON ST, NORWOOD, MA 02062 USA SN 0192-6225 J9 MICROWAVE J JI Microw. J. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 24 EP + PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 398KJ UT WOS:000262730700002 ER PT S AU Mody, AN Reddy, R Kiernan, T Brown, TX AF Mody, Apurva N. Reddy, Ranga Kiernan, Thomas Brown, Timothy X. GP IEEE TI SECURITY IN COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS: AN EXAMPLE USING THE COMMERCIAL IEEE 802.22 STANDARD SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB Security in wireless networks is challenging. Security in cognitive radio networks (CRN) is even more challenging. This is because a CRN consists of cognitive radios (CR) which have many more functions and processes to account for, such as sensing, geolocation, spectrum management, access to the policy database etc. Each of these functions and processes need to be assessed for potential vulnerabilities and security mechanisms need to be provided for protection of not just the secondary users of the spectrum but also the primary users or the incumbents. This paper discusses the potential security vulnerabilities and the remediations for the same in a CRN with an example using a commercial IEEE 802.22 standard. Due to the unique characteristics of the CRs in a CRN, enhanced security mechanisms are required. The security mechanisms in CRN are divided into several security sub-layers which protect non-cognitive as well as cognitive functions of the system and the interactions between the two. This paper describes these security features as incorporated into the IEEE 802.22 standard It is possible to apply similar security mechanisms for a military CRN. C1 [Mody, Apurva N.] BAE Syst, Technol Solut, Nashua, NH 03061 USA. [Reddy, Ranga; Kiernan, Thomas] US Army, SEAMS, CERDEC, S & TCD, Carlisle, PA USA. [Brown, Timothy X.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO USA. RP Mody, AN (reprint author), BAE Syst, Technol Solut, Nashua, NH 03061 USA. EM apurva.mody@baesystems.com; Ranga.reddy@us.army.mil; timxb@colorado.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 265 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900038 ER PT S AU Younis, O Kant, L Chang, K Young, K Graff, C AF Younis, Ossama Kant, Latha Chang, Kirk Young, Kenneth Graff, Charles GP IEEE TI AUTOMATING DESIGN OF MANETS FOR FUTURE FORCE NETWORKS SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE DE Automated network design; MANETs; design objectives; network science AB Studying the behavior of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) is essential for predicting the performance of the network over the mission/application duration. In this work, we develop a framework for automating the network design to aid the user in tuning the design parameters as the mission progresses. We show the different states that the automated design manager (ADM) goes through to support different objectives and constraints. We also develop algorithms for exploring the design space and providing guidelines for parameter tuning over time. We implement the proposed automated network design in the context of the NEDAT tool [1]. Using realistic mission scenarios, we show how the ADM guides the user through the design process. C1 [Younis, Ossama; Kant, Latha; Chang, Kirk; Young, Kenneth] Telcordia Technol Inc, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Graff, Charles] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Younis, O (reprint author), Telcordia Technol Inc, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM oyounis@research.telcordia.com FU CERDEC STCD Network Design Program FX The Telcordia Team acknowledges the NEDAT team for developing the software, and CERDEC STCD Network Design Program for funding this work. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 353 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900051 ER PT S AU Redding, E Rittenbach, T Satake, H Dietrich, C AF Redding, Eric Rittenbach, Tom Satake, Hiroshi Dietrich, Carl GP IEEE TI OSSIE-based GRA Testbed SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB This purpose of this paper is to document an architectural validation approach for the Government Reference Architecture (GRA) for SATCOM terminals. The approach integrates the Virginia Tech OSSIE SCA Core Framework with a UML model of the GRA, coupled with low-fidelity models of the SATCOM components. This approach uses the Rhapsody tool to implement the GRA-based test bed from documentation through executable code generation. The end result is a system that demonstrates the portability of the GRA while simultaneously validating the GRA against a representative system. Furthermore, the system demonstrates the reduced development time required for architecture extensions through the incorporation of existing projects and automated code generation. C1 [Redding, Eric] Rockwell Collins Inc, Richardson, TX 52498 USA. [Rittenbach, Tom] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Satake, Hiroshi] SAIC, San Francisco, CA 48009 USA. [Dietrich, Carl] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Redding, E (reprint author), Rockwell Collins Inc, Richardson, TX 52498 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 416 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900060 ER PT S AU Valenti, MC Cheng, S Torrieri, D AF Valenti, Matthew C. Cheng, Shi Torrieri, Don GP IEEE TI Iterative Multisymbol Noncoherent Reception of Coded CPFSK SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE ID MODULATION AB A multisymbol noncoherent receiver suitable for coded continuous-phase frequency-shift keying is developed and analyzed. Unlike coherently detected signals, the modulation index of the waveform does not need to be rational with a small denominator, and the oscillator only needs to be stable for the duration of a small group of symbols. The receiver is analyzed in terms of its symmetric information rate, demonstrating its potential when a capacity-approaching code is used and enabling the joint optimization of code rate and modulation index under a bandwidth constraint. The information-theoretic results are corroborated by bit-error-rate curves generated using a standardized turbo code in conjunction with iterative demodulation and decoding. It is shown that, while more robust than a system with coherent reception, the proposed system offers superior energy efficiency compared with conventional single-symbol noncoherent reception. C1 [Valenti, Matthew C.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Cheng, Shi] Appl Micro Circuits Corp, Sunnyvale, CA USA. [Torrieri, Don] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Valenti, MC (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM mvalenti@csee.wvu.edu; shi.cheng@gmail.com; dtorr@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 469 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900068 ER PT S AU Barton, JT Chen, T Hokelek, I Kaul, V Rajendran, R Samtani, S Shur, D Staikos, A Thomas, S AF Barton, J. Tyler Chen, Ta Hokelek, Ibrahim Kaul, Vikram Rajendran, Raj Samtani, Sunil Shur, David Staikos, Aristides Thomas, Shery GP IEEE TI HETEREGENEOUS INTELLIGENT FILTERING IN TACTICAL WIRELESS MOBILE NETWORKS SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB In this paper(4), we propose a novel approach, which is termed Heterogeneous Intelligent Filtering (HIF), for intelligent control and application data filtering in multidomain heterogeneous networks. HIF creates intelligent gateways to rapidly and autonomously adapt the flow of information content to the changing mission needs and network characteristics. HIF employs a MANET Management Protocol (termed MMP) which enables a novel light-weight publish/subscribe mechanism. Interoperability is provided with upper echelon networks running legacy directory and session announcement protocols. MA NET users can discover multicast information sourced in the backbone network and subscribe to only subset of the information that they need. HIF enables the MANET nodes to avoid being swamped by too much data - extraneous information not needed by the end-user is filtered by the HIF agents. Adaptation is triggered by QoS messages derived from ongoing application performance and network monitoring. We have implemented HIF in a laboratory testbed using the MANE emulation system, and successfully demonstrated it's publish/subscribe and filtering capabilities for real-time multimedia and tactical situational awareness applications. The experiments confirmed our conjecture that if adaptive and intelligent content filtering is performed, the end-user performance (and packet loss and latency) becomes significantly and consistently better during the periods when MA NET nodes are subjected to overload conditions. C1 [Barton, J. Tyler; Staikos, Aristides; Thomas, Shery] USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Chen, Ta; Hokelek, Ibrahim; Kaul, Vikram; Rajendran, Raj; Samtani, Sunil; Shur, David] Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Shur, D (reprint author), Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.; Shur, D (reprint author), Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM dshur@research.telcordia.com NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 510 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900074 ER PT S AU Valenti, MC Torrieri, D Ferrett, T AF Valenti, Matthew C. Torrieri, Don Ferrett, Terry GP IEEE TI Noncoherent Physical-Layer Network Coding Using Binary CPFSK Modulation SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB Physical-layer network coding is a high-throughput technique for communicating over the two-way relay channel, which consists of two terminals that communicate exclusively via an intermediate relay. An exchange of messages begins with both terminals transmitting binary data sequences simultaneously to the relay. The relay determines the modulo-2 sum of the sequences, which it modulates and broadcasts to the terminals. Since each terminal knows the information it transmitted, it can determine the information transmitted by the other terminal by subtracting its own information from the broadcast signal. Prior work on the topic of physical-layer network coding has assumed that the signals transmitted by the two terminals arrive at the relay with perfectly aligned phases, permitting coherent reception. In this paper, we relax the assumption of aligned phases and consider noncoherent reception of binary continuous-phase frequency-shift keying signals. A derivation of the relay receiver is given for varying amounts of channel state information, and results are provided showing the error performance of the proposed system without an outer error-correcting code and with an outer turbo code. C1 [Valenti, Matthew C.; Ferrett, Terry] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Torrieri, Don] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Valenti, MC (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. FU National Science Foundation [CNS-075082l] FX M.C. Valenti and T. Ferrell were supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Award No. CNS-075082l. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 581 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900085 ER PT S AU Perumal, S Tabatabaee, V Baras, JS Graff, CJ Yee, DG AF Perumal, Senni Tabatabaee, Vahid Baras, John S. Graff, Charles J. Yee, David G. GP IEEE TI MODELING AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF RESERVATION BASED USAP HARD SCHEDULING UNICAST TRAFFIC IN MANETS SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE ID NETWORKS AB In this paper, we develop and evaluate models to estimate and optimize various performance metrics for unicast traffic using the hard scheduling (virtual circuit connection-oriented) mode of the reservation based protocol USAP in mobile ad-hoc wireless networks (MANETs). USAP (Unifying Slot Assignment Protocol) is a dynamic distributed resource allocation protocol for MANETs. We model USAP hard scheduling mode using loss network models along with reduced link capacity that couple physical, MAC and routing layers effects. The key effect of multiuser interference on a link is modeled via reduced link capacity where the effects of transmissions and receptions in the link neighborhood are modeled using USAP reservation rules. We compare our results with simulation and obtain good results using our loss network models but with reduced link capacity distribution obtained by simulation. We also compute the throughput sensitivities with respect to network parameters and use these sensitivities to improve network performance. C1 [Perumal, Senni; Baras, John S.] AIMS Inc, 6213 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Tabatabaee, Vahid] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Graff, Charles J.; Yee, David G.] US Army, CERDEC S&TCD, AMSRD CER ST WL NS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Perumal, S (reprint author), AIMS Inc, 6213 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM senni.perumal@aims-sys.com; vahidt@umd.edu; john.baras@aims-sys.com; Charles.Graff@us.army.mil; David.Yee2@us.army.mil FU SBIR [W15P7T-07-C-P613]; U.S.Army CECOM; AIMS Inc FX This work was supported by SBIR Phase II contract W15P7T-07-C- P613 from U.S.Army CECOM to AIMS Inc. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1205 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900178 ER PT S AU Gottlieb, YM Mau, SC Chiang, CJ Chadha, R Moeltner, K D'Silva, T Kumar, Y AF Gottlieb, Yitzchak M. Mau, Siun-Chuon Chiang, C. Jason Chadha, Ritu Moeltner, Kimberly D'Silva, Thomas Kumar, Yogeeta GP IEEE TI GATEWAY SELECTION IN MULTITIERED MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB Mobile ad-hoc networks, such as tactical networks, are frequently implemented using multiple subnets, or tiers, so that nodes in one tier can communicate to nodes in another tier only through gateways that can communicate in two of the tiers. The selection of the gateway nodes affects the robustness and performance of the connected subnets. This paper presents an algorithm for selecting gateways in multitiered networks. The algorithm selects gateway nodes based on the performance impact, both current and predicted, to the network traffic. The algorithm is tunable to respond to restrictions on the number of permitted gateways and the number of standby gateways desired. This paper describes an implementation of the algorithm that controls nodes in a simulated network and presents directions for future research. C1 [Gottlieb, Yitzchak M.; Mau, Siun-Chuon; Chiang, C. Jason; Chadha, Ritu] Telcordia Technol Inc, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Moeltner, Kimberly; D'Silva, Thomas; Kumar, Yogeeta] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Gottlieb, YM (reprint author), Telcordia Technol Inc, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. FU U. S. Army Communications Electronics Research and Development Engineering Center (CERDEC) [W15P7T-08-C-P213] FX The research reported in this document/presentation was performed in connection with contract number W15P7T-08-C-P213 with the U. S. Army Communications Electronics Research and Development Engineering Center (CERDEC). The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as presenting the official policies or position, either expressed or implied, of the U. S. Army CERDEC, or the U. S. Government unless so designated by other authorized documents. Citation of manufacturers or trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use thereof. The U. S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1253 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900185 ER PT S AU Nodine, M Baker, D Chadha, R Chiang, CYJ Moeltner, K D'Silva, T Kumar, Y AF Nodine, Marian Baker, Donald Chadha, Ritu Chiang, Cho-Yu Jason Moeltner, Kimberly D'Silva, Thomas Kumar, Yogeeta GP IEEE TI Issues with and approaches to network monitoring and problem remediation in military tactical networks SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE ID DIAGNOSIS; SYSTEMS AB This paper describes an approach to root cause analysis and fault correlation that addresses the problems inherent in wireless military networks.' Root cause analysis concerns itself with identifying and correcting problems in a network. The ultimate goal of root cause analysis is to diagnose the cause for network anomalies, towards the ultimate goal of ensuring that adequate communication functionality is maintained to support the requirements of the network users. In a wired network, the diagnosis of faults is easier due to the existence of a fixed, wired topology and fixed, wired links. In the wireless networks at the tactical edge of military networks, there is no hardwired connectivity, yet there are also expectations on the network from the end users which place constraints on the operation of the network. Fault diagnosis in such networks is fundamentally different from that in wired networks. The performance of the network must be managed explicitly with respect to its user expectations, even though the network connectivity is dynamic, the network monitoring traffic must traverse the (possibly failing) network itself, and the "correct" behavior of the network against which current network state needs to be compared evolves over time. The novel features of our solution that distinguish it from existing root cause analysis techniques are (a) a dynamic model of fault, performance and security problem propagation in the network that can evolve as the definition of network correctness changes, (b) a method for distributing reasoning over this model throughout the network into independent Correlators that share information through a set of Clearinghouses to provide a global root cause correlation capability, and (c) the ability for the Correlator and Clearinghouse reasoning to adapt gracefully when network problems prevent full exchange of information required for root cause analysis. C1 [Nodine, Marian; Baker, Donald; Chadha, Ritu; Chiang, Cho-Yu Jason] Telcordia Technol Inc, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Moeltner, Kimberly; D'Silva, Thomas; Kumar, Yogeeta] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Nodine, M (reprint author), Telcordia Technol Inc, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. FU U.S. Army Communications Electronics Research and Development Engineering Center (CERDEC) [W15P7T-08-C-P213] FX The research reported in this document/presentation was performed in connection with contract number W15P7T-08-C-P213 with the U.S. Army Communications Electronics Research and Development Engineering Center (CERDEC). The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as presenting the official policies or position, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army CERDEC, or the U.S. Government unless so designated by other authorized documents. Citation of manufacturer's or trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use thereof. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1364 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900202 ER PT S AU Poylisher, A Serban, C Lee, J Lu, T Chadha, R Chiang, CYJ Jakubowski, K Orlando, R AF Poylisher, Alex Serban, Constantin Lee, John Lu, Ted Chadha, Ritu Chiang, Cho-Yu J. Jakubowski, Kimberly Orlando, Robert GP IEEE TI VIRTUAL AD HOC NETWORK TESTBEDS FOR HIGH FIDELITY TESTING OF TACTICAL NETWORK APPLICATIONS SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB Testing of applications for tactical MANETs poses a special technical challenge due to the difficulty of conducting experiments in an ad hoc network environment at a scale larger than a few nodes. One approach is to conduct experiments in a test bed that can imitate a tactical MA NET to the highest feasible level of fidelity. For applications, this is achieved by executing unmodified software under real operating systems and realistic hardware resources. For the network, it is achieved by using an emulated/simulated network that behaves like a real MA NET in some/all layers of the protocol stack. In this paper, we describe the current state of Virtual Ad hoc Network (VAN) Testbed(1) technologies for constructing test beds that allow testing unmodified tactical applications over simulated MANETs, including network-aware applications. On the application side, we employ Xen-based virtualization to provide high fidelity of application execution environment, testbed resource scalability and manageability. On the network side, we employ user-provided simulation models and enable seamless integration of the hosts that run the software under test with virtual nodes in a simulated network. Our goal is to enable running experiments over large-scale (500-1000 nodes) MANETs using VAN testbeds. C1 [Poylisher, Alex; Serban, Constantin; Lee, John; Lu, Ted; Chadha, Ritu; Chiang, Cho-Yu J.] Telcordia Technol, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Jakubowski, Kimberly; Orlando, Robert] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Poylisher, A (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM sher@research.telcordia.com; serban@research.telcordia.com; jolee@research.telcordia.com; tedlu@research.telcordia.com; chadha@research.telcordia.com; chiang@research.telcordia.com; Robert.Orlando1@us.army.mil; Kim.Jakubowski@us.army.mil FU U.S. Army Communications Electronics Research and Development Engineering Center (CERDEC) [W15P7T-08-C-P213] FX The research reported in this document/presentation was performed in connection with contract number W15P7T-08-C-P213 with the U.S. Army Communications Electronics Research and Development Engineering Center (CERDEC). The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as presenting the official policies or position , either expressed or implied , of the U.S. Army CERDEC , or the U.S. Government unless so designated by other authorized documents. Citation of manufacturer's or trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use thereof . The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon . NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1371 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509900203 ER PT S AU He, T Tong, L Swami, A AF He, Ting Tong, Lang Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI ON THE MAXIMUM THROUGHPUT OF CLANDESTINE SENSOR NETWORKING SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE DE Clandestine communications; Scheduling algorithms; Performance analysis AB We consider the problem of clandestine communications, i.e., communications that are meant to be invisible to thirdparty eavesdroppers, in the context of wireless sensor networks. Although encryption and anonymous routing protocols can hide the content and the routing information, the transmission activities of sensors on the same route can still reveal the information flow. In this work, a perfectly clandestine scheduling method is developed to hide the desired information flow in a sequence of independent transmission activities resembling those without any flow, while satisfying the resource constraint at the relay nodes in terms of limited buffer size. The proposed method is proved to achieve the maximum throughput, which is characterized analytically for transmission schedules following alternating renewal processes with a closed-form solution for Poisson processes. The analytical results are verified through numerical simulations on synthetic traffic as well as traces. C1 [He, Ting] IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY 10532 USA. [Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP He, T (reprint author), IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY 10532 USA. EM the@us.ibm.com; lt35@cornell.edu; aswami@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory; U.K. Ministry of Defence [W911NF-06-3-0001]; Army Research Office MURI [W911NF-08-1-0238] FX Research was sponsored in part by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.K. Ministry of Defence under Agreement Number W911NF-06-3-0001 and the Army Research Office MURI program under award W911NF-08-1-0238. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, the U.S. Government, the U.K. Ministry of Defence, or the U.K. Government. The U.S. and U.K. Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1526 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901022 ER PT S AU Ivanic, N Rivera, B Adamson, B AF Ivanic, Natalie Rivera, Brian Adamson, Brian GP IEEE TI MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK EMULATION ENVIRONMENT SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB To support research in wireless mobile ad hoc networks, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) have worked jointly to establish an advanced emulation environment. A key component is a Mobile Ad-Hoc Network emulation testbed where algorithms and applications can be subjected to representative wireless network conditions. The testbed is based on a version of the "MANE" (Mobile Ad hoc Network Emulator) software originally developed by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). Consulting & Engineering Next Generation Networks (CENGEN) has enhanced MANE by implementing a modular, extensible architecture which allows advanced modeling methods and computing technologies to be incorporated into the environment. This paper discuses the current capabilities of Mobile Network Emulation for conducting empirical evaluation and demonstration of MANET technologies and is organized into 5 sections: (1) introduction to the role of emulation in network modeling, (2) mobile network emulators background (3) emulation system components (4) future plans and (5) conclusions. C1 [Ivanic, Natalie; Rivera, Brian] USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Adamson, Brian] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Ivanic, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1690 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901046 ER PT S AU Beljour, H Hoffmann, R Michael, G Shields, J Sumit, I Swenson, C Willson, A AF Beljour, Herald Hoffmann, Rich Michael, Gerald Shields, Joseph Sumit, Imrul Swenson, Carl Willson, Andrew GP IEEE TI Concept for an All-Digital Satellite Communications Earth Terminal SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB Current DoD requirements call for a single Enterprise Terminal supporting up to 48/96 (threshold/objective) transmit and 56/112 (threshold/objective) receive communications carriers, not considering future expansion. The number of links supported by an Enterprise Terminal dictates aggregate servicing capacity. A single Teleport/standardized tactical entry point (STEP) site can consist of five or more terminals operating in several frequency bands. Each carrier requires individual converter and modem chains, which are linked to the antennas with a complex switch matrix subsystem. This architecture results in severe size, weight, and power (SWAP) constraints that limit expansion to support objective capacity and connectivity requirements within available facility space and infrastructure. By moving the digital conversion as close to the antenna as possible, a number of efficiencies in SWAP and performance can be achieved. The individual converters can be replaced with wideband, multi-carrier digital up and down converters co-located with the antenna. The complex switch matrix can be eliminated and replaced with a lightweight digital distribution system. The modem functions can be consolidated into a multi-card enclosure, where several carriers can be implemented on a single programmable processor card. In addition to reducing terminal complexity and SWAP, this approach also enables concepts such as hybrid mesh networks, decentralized power monitoring and control, and remote terminal control. This has the potential to dramatically increase satellite network efficiency and improve utilization of expensive satellite assets. This paper expands upon preliminary work performed to date at CERDEC. C1 [Beljour, Herald; Hoffmann, Rich; Michael, Gerald; Shields, Joseph; Sumit, Imrul; Swenson, Carl; Willson, Andrew] USA, CERDEC S&TCD, Satellite Commun Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Beljour, H (reprint author), USA, CERDEC S&TCD, Satellite Commun Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1722 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901051 ER PT S AU Beljour, H Coryell, L Fung, T Gallagher, J Hoffmann, R Michael, G Shields, J AF Beljour, Herald Coryell, Lou Fung, Tat Gallagher, Jim Hoffmann, Rich Michael, Gerald Shields, Joseph GP IEEE TI Army SATCOM On The Move Technology Initiatives SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB The Army is increasingly reliant on Beyond Line of Sight (BLOS) communications due to a non-contiguous battlefield. The Warfighter also requires mobility and network connectivity to provide the needed level of near real-time, tactically-relevant information. On-the-move (OTM) space based communications forms a critical layer in supporting these essential networking capabilities. There are a significant number of inter-related technical hurdles involved in developing satellite communications (SATCOM) OTM systems. Size, weight, and power (SWaP) are limited on tactical vehicles. There are many tactical vehicles in the Army inventory, used differently by different units, representing diverse integration issues and challenges. Required data rates need to be supported within size and power restrictions, driving higher antenna and radio frequency (RF) performance. Ground communications are required in a high velocity, high acceleration, high blockage, cross country environment, driving rigorous pointing requirements. Systems need to be designed to work with current and planned military satellites in their respective frequency bands, which typically drives state-of-the-art. Electronic jamming protection and extremely low profile need to be considered in order to maintain communications and avoid visual targeting of the host tactical vehicle. Space and Terrestrial Communications Directorate (STCD) Space Systems Division has been analyzing and addressing the technology to support required satellite communications (SATCOM) OTM system performance. Successful research and develop initiatives will be discussed, as well as planned initiatives to support future efforts addressing advanced requirements and future Military SATCOM systems at Extremely High Frequency (EHF). Specific component technologies and how they fit into meeting overall system objectives will be included. Lastly, the transition of these technologies to the tactical Army will be addressed. C1 [Beljour, Herald; Coryell, Lou; Fung, Tat; Gallagher, Jim; Hoffmann, Rich; Michael, Gerald; Shields, Joseph] US Army, CERDEC S&TCD, Satellite Commun Syst Div, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Beljour, H (reprint author), US Army, CERDEC S&TCD, Satellite Commun Syst Div, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1727 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901052 ER PT S AU Lu, NH Nelson, C AF Lu, Ning H. Nelson, Christopher GP IEEE TI COOPERATIVE TEAM COMMUNICATIONS SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE DE Cooperative; energy efficiency; range extension; spread spectrum communications; covert communications; wireless sensor networks AB Motivated by the operational need of eliminating the potential Single Point of Failure (SPOF) of a communications network, a Cooperative Team Communication (CTC) approach is proposed for distributed, wireless sensor and team networks. We assume that the communication system uses a spread spectrum waveform, and each radio implements the Rake processing capability to combat channel fading effects. The CTC approach uses the team-to-team (i.e., many-to-many) configuration that makes two-way communications possible between two distant teams without dedicated long-haul gateways. With the CTC capability, a team would be able to cooperatively communicate with a distant team at a greater range, while it would be impossible when the radios operate individually. Equivalently, with CTC capability, a team would be able to cooperatively communicate with a distant team at a minimal power level for covert, energy-efficient, or high-throughput operations. The potential applications of the CTC approach would be energy-efficient communications, range extension, virtual gateways, covert communications, remote sensing, etc. C1 [Lu, Ning H.] ITT Commun Syst, 77 River Rd, Clifton, NJ 07014 USA. [Nelson, Christopher] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Lu, NH (reprint author), ITT Commun Syst, 77 River Rd, Clifton, NJ 07014 USA. EM Ning.Lu@itt.com; Christopher.Nelson45@us.army.mil NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 1991 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901092 ER PT S AU Zhu, ST Wong, RW McDonough, CA Roy, RR Fine, JM Reiling, JP AF Zhu, Shi T. Wong, Richard W. McDonough, Charles A. Roy, Radhika R. Fine, Joseph M. Reiling, John P. GP IEEE TI ARMY ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE TECHNICAL REFERENCE MODEL FOR SYSTEM INTEROPERABILITY SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB The Army Technical Reference Model (TRM) is a fundamental component of the Army Enterprise Architecture suite of reference models. This paper describes. the TRM, how it facilitates enterprise architecture integration and system interoperability, how it maps to other key DoD architecture models, and its value to the acquisition community. It describes how it supports Program Managers for efficiently and effectively building Technical Standards Views prescribed by the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF). It describes how the TRM supports the building of TV-1s/2s for individual systems, a systems-of-systems, or an enterprise. It shows how the TRM helps enable system interoperability in net-centric environments. It illustrates how technology forecasts leverage the TRM and how the TRM illuminates the need to accelerate the process of updating the DoD IT Standards Registry (DISRonline) to include new and improved technical standards to support the new capability requirements included in the Army Enterprise Architecture. C1 [Zhu, Shi T.; Wong, Richard W.; McDonough, Charles A.] USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. [Roy, Radhika R.; Fine, Joseph M.] CACI, Eatontown, NJ USA. [Reiling, John P.] US Falcon, Shrewsbury, MA USA. RP Zhu, ST (reprint author), USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 2056 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901102 ER PT S AU Hanratty, T Yen, J McNeese, M Oh, S Kim, HW Minotra, D Strater, L Cuevas, H Colombo, D Hammell, RJ AF Hanratty, Timothy Yen, John McNeese, Michael Oh, Sooyoung Kim, Hyun-Woo Minotra, Dev Strater, Laura Cuevas, Haydee Colombo, Dan Hammell, Robert J., II GP IEEE TI Knowledge Visualization to Enhance Human-Agent Situation Awareness Within a Computational Recognition-Primed Decision System SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB Recent operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have confirmed that in order to achieve effective Network-Centric Operations (NCO), innovative enhancement to military decision-making is desired. Required are processes and computational models that support the decision-makers' experience while promoting high levels of shared situation awareness (SA) not only in the context of the external operating environment, but internally aligning the decision makers' mental model with the intelligent software agents working on their behalf. Towards this end, the aim of this research is to enhance the decision-maker's perception, comprehension, and projection of the underlying knowledge space while improving shared human-agent SA. To accomplish this we extended R-CAST, an agent-based Recognition-Primed Decision (RPD) model developed at the Pennsylvania State University (PSU) with the capability to interactively visualize the knowledge space during execution. Presented are the early results of a recently completed knowledge visualization experiment where ROTC cadets from the PSU operated the visually-enhanced R-CAST on a command and control simulation. C1 [Hanratty, Timothy] US Army, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Hammell, Robert J., II] Towson Univ, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Yen, John; McNeese, Michael; Oh, Sooyoung; Kim, Hyun-Woo; Minotra, Dev] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Strater, Laura; Cuevas, Haydee; Colombo, Dan] SA Technol Inc, Charleston, SC 29405 USA. RP Hanratty, T (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM hanratty@arl.army.mil; jyen@ist.psu.edu; mmcneese@ist.psu.edu; soh@ist.psu.edu; hxk263@ist.psu.edu; dxm401@ist.psu.edu; laura@satechnologies.com; haydee.cuevas@satechnologies.com; dan.colombo@statechnologies.com; rhammell@towson.edu FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-2-0009] FX This research was supported by participation in the Advanced Decision Architectures Collaborative Technology Alliance sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0009. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 2121 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901112 ER PT S AU Striki, M Manousakis, K Kindred, D Sterne, D Lawler, G Ivanic, N Tran, G AF Striki, Maria Manousakis, Kyriakos Kindred, Darrell Sterne, Dan Lawler, Geoff Ivanic, Natalie Tran, George GP IEEE TI QUANTIFYING RESILIENCY AND DETECTION LATENCY OF INTRUSION DETECTION STRUCTURES SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB A network intrusion detection (ID) system detects malicious behavior by analyzing network traffic. Malicious behavior may target the disruption of communications, infrastructure services, and applications. A number of ID techniques proposed for dynamic wireless networks (e.g., sensor, ad-hoc and mobile ad-hoc networks) are based on the creation of an overlay hierarchy or other structure to organize the collection and processing of ID data. The particular structure chosen may significantly impact the ID system's performance with respect to network overhead, responsiveness, scalability, detection latency, resiliency to failures, and other factors. In this paper, we propose the formal definition and quantification of resiliency and detection latency. Specifically, we introduce analytical expressions that map ID structures to the metric space of real numbers. We define this mapping for a) various types of tree structures that have been proposed previously for dynamic wireless systems and b) a hypercube structure that presents promising resiliency characteristics. This analysis reveals important tradeoffs among the various ID structures under consideration. C1 [Striki, Maria; Manousakis, Kyriakos] Telcordia Technol, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Kindred, Darrell; Sterne, Dan; Lawler, Geoff] Cobham Anal Solut, Centreville, VA 20120 USA. [Ivanic, Natalie; Tran, George] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Striki, M (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-2 01] FX Prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance (CTA) Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-2 01 0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 2205 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901124 ER PT B AU Reddy, R McKeon, D AF Reddy, Ranga McKeon, Douglas GP IEEE TI A COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS OF ARMY WAVEFORMS & COMMERCIAL WIRELESS PROTOCOLS AT THE PHY/MAC LAYERS SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB This paper will present a comparison of the basic resource definition in an OFDMA MAC/PHY layers for WiMAX and the TDMA/OFDM MAC/PHY. The majority of current radios in development for the US Army use TDMA/OFDM This comparison will be conducted by defining and discussing the basic unit of system resource, e.g. the "slot". Following the protocol comparison, some simulation results comparing the performance of both systems will be provided. C1 [Reddy, Ranga; McKeon, Douglas] USA, RDECOM CERDEC S&TCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Reddy, R (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC S&TCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 2226 EP 2232 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901127 ER PT S AU Kaplan, MA Chen, T Fecko, MA Gurung, P Hokelek, I Samtani, S Wong, L Patel, M Staikos, A Greear, B AF Kaplan, Michael A. Chen, Ta Fecko, Mariusz A. Gurung, Provin Hokelek, Ibrahim Samtani, Sunil Wong, Larry Patel, Mitesh Staikos, Aristides Greear, Ben GP IEEE TI REALISTIC WIRELESS EMULATION FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TACTICAL MANET PROTOCOLS SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB Traditional approaches for testing MANET protocols and applications prior to field experimentation often involve simulation tools or small-sized physical test beds. However, simulation tools typically do not run in real-time and rely on simplified models rather than a real system, while physical testbeds are prohibitively expensive to build and operate. A more practical method is to use emulation tools as they provide high-fidelity network modeling in a cost-effective manner without sacrificing realism. In this paper, we present the use of Wireless IP Scalable EmulatoR (WISER) and its capabilities for testing and evaluating two network routing agents, namely Congestion Control Agent (CCA) and Soft Handoff Agent (SHA), developed for tactical MANETs under the CERDEC PILSNER program. These two agents are integrated within the WISER framework, providing them a scalable and realistic wireless MA NET test bed which otherwise was not readily available. Experiments demonstrating interoperability of these technologies are included. C1 [Kaplan, Michael A.; Chen, Ta; Fecko, Mariusz A.; Gurung, Provin; Hokelek, Ibrahim; Samtani, Sunil; Wong, Larry] Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Patel, Mitesh; Staikos, Aristides] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Greear, Ben] Candela Technol Inc, Ferndale, WA 98248 USA. RP Kaplan, MA (reprint author), Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM mkaplan@research.telcordia.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 2359 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901147 ER PT S AU Benvegnu, E Sun, N Hanna, J Combs, V Winkler, R Kovach, J AF Benvegnu, Erika Sun, Niranjan Hanna, James Combs, Vaughn Winkler, Robert Kovach, Jesse GP IEEE TI IMPROVING TIMELINESS AND RELIABILITY OF DATA DELIVERY IN TACTICAL WIRELESS ENVIRONMENTS WITH MOCKETS COMMUNICATIONS LIBRARY SO MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2009) CY OCT 18-21, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP IEEE AB Network centric warfare relies on the timely and reliable delivery of data to disparate cooperating nodes in tactical networking environments. Given the limited bandwidth available and the unreliability of network links, data often accumulates in application and/or network queues, resulting in increased latency in the delivery of the data. The Mockets communications library addresses this problem via dynamic message replacement. The message replacement functionality of Mockets allows the system to drop all but the most recent message within a specific message flow by removing older, outdated messages from the queues. This paper describes and evaluates, in the context of the U.S. Air Force's Joint Battlespace Infosphere (JBI) system, the timeliness of end-to-end delivery of data using the Mockets library. In addition to dynamic message replacement, other capabilities in the Mockets library include options for reliable vs. unreliable and sequenced vs. unsequenced delivery of data, detailed statistics and feedback regarding the connection, and assignment and dynamic adjustment of priorities of messages. This paper provides a qualitative analysis of these different capabilities and their suitability to address the transport requirements in JBI It also provides a quantitative comparison of Mockets with SCTP and SCPS-TP, which are similar technologies with existing available candidate implementations. Our results show that the Mockets library with the message replacement significantly outperforms these other transport protocols. C1 [Benvegnu, Erika; Sun, Niranjan] Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL 32502 USA. [Hanna, James; Combs, Vaughn] US Air Force, Res Lab, Rome, NY USA. [Winkler, Robert; Kovach, Jesse] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Benvegnu, E (reprint author), Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL 32502 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-04-2-0013]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory under Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-01-2-0009]; Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8750-06-2-0064] FX This work is supported in part by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement W911NF-04-2-0013, by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0009, and by the Air Force Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement FA8750-06-2-0064. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-5238-5 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2009 BP 2506 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BQA52 UT WOS:000280509901169 ER PT J AU Williamson, DA Bathalon, GP Sigrist, LA Allen, HR Friedl, KE Young, AJ Martin, CK Stewart, TM Burrell, L Han, HM Hubbard, VS Ryan, D AF Williamson, Donald A. Bathalon, Gaston P. Sigrist, Lori A. Allen, H. Raymond Friedl, Karl E. Young, Andrew J. Martin, Corby K. Stewart, Tiffany M. Burrell, Lolita Han, Hongmei Hubbard, Van S. Ryan, Donna TI Military Services Fitness Database: Development of a Computerized Physical Fitness and Weight Management Database for the US Army SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the North-American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Obesity CY OCT 15-19, 2005 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP N Amer Assoc Study Obes ID OBESITY AB The Department of Defense (DoD) has mandated development of a system to collect and manage data on the weight, percent body fat (%BF), and fitness of all military personnel. This project aimed to (1) develop a computerized weight and fitness database to track individuals and Army units over time allowing cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluations and (2) test the computerized system for feasibility and integrity of data collection over several years of usage. The computer application, the Military Services Fitness Database (MSFD), was designed for (1) storage and tracking of data related to height, weight, %BF for the Army Weight Control Program (AWCP) and Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) scores and (2) generation of reports using these data. A 2.5-year pilot test of the MSFD indicated that it monitors population and individual trends of changing body weight, %BF, and fitness in a military population. C1 [Williamson, Donald A.; Allen, H. Raymond; Martin, Corby K.; Stewart, Tiffany M.; Han, Hongmei; Ryan, Donna] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Bathalon, Gaston P.; Sigrist, Lori A.; Friedl, Karl E.; Young, Andrew J.; Burrell, Lolita] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Hubbard, Van S.] Publ Hlth Serv, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Williamson, DA (reprint author), Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK072476, P30 DK072476-04] NR 9 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LN UT WOS:000278061100003 PM 19216292 ER PT J AU Wojcik, BE AF Wojcik, Barbara E. TI Untitled In Reply SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 US Army Med Ctr & Sch, Ctr AMEDD Strateg Studies, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Wojcik, BE (reprint author), US Army Med Ctr & Sch, Ctr AMEDD Strateg Studies, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 1 BP XIV EP XV PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LN UT WOS:000278061100002 ER PT J AU Adler, AB Castro, CA McGurk, D AF Adler, Amy B. Castro, Carl Andrew McGurk, Dennis TI Time-Driven Battlemind Psychological Debriefing: A Group-Level Early Intervention in Combat SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TRAUMA; VICTIMS; HEALTH; STRESS AB Military personnel who experience combat-related events are more likely to report mental health problems yet few early interventions have been designed to do more than assess those with problems or treat those with diagnoses. Psychological debriefing is one early intervention technique that has been used with military populations to reduce symptoms across entire groups. Although there are several different kinds of debriefings, this article describes time-driven Battlemind Psychological Debriefing procedures for use during a combat deployment. The five phases include: Introduction, Event, Reactions, Self and Buddy Aid, and Battlemind Focus. The paper reviews implementation guidelines, scientific support for Battlemind Psychological Debriefing, and feedback from military behavioral health providers in Iraq. Comparisons with other military debriefing models identify unique features and how Battlemind Psychological Debriefing is integrated into the larger Battlemind Training system. C1 [Adler, Amy B.; McGurk, Dennis] USA, Med Res Unit Europe, APO, AE 09042 USA. [Castro, Carl Andrew] Med Res & Mat Command, RAD 3, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Adler, AB (reprint author), USA, Med Res Unit Europe, APO, AE 09042 USA. FU US Army Medical Research Unit-Europe; Department of Military Psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR); Psychiatry and Neurosciences at WRAIR FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the staff at the US Army Medical Research Unit-Europe and the Department of Military Psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), as well as the Director of Psychiatry and Neurosciences at WRAIR. We also gratefully acknowledge feedback about Battlemind Psychological Debriefing from a team of behavioral health providers deployed to Iraq. NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 1 BP 21 EP 28 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LN UT WOS:000278061100005 PM 19216294 ER PT J AU Guerrero, AF Nunez, LB Thompson, JC Sharkey, CD Troncoso, JA Moon, JL AF Guerrero, Arthur F. Nunez, Lara B. Thompson, Jennifer C. Sharkey, Christine Dupiche Troncoso, Jorge A. Moon, Jerry L. TI Alphanumeric Paging in an Academic Military Hospital Setting SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: To determine whether implementation of an alphanumeric-paging system would improve physician work environment. Design: Surveys were distributed to all internal medicine residents, faculty, and nurses before and after implementation of an alphanumeric-paging system. Measurements: User satisfaction with the paging system was measured using a Likert format survey. Results: Physician preintervention (before deployment of the alphanumeric pager system) perceptions were inflated with regard to the impact of the implementation of the new pager system on delivery of care (average survey score of 1.65 vs. 2.07, p = 0.031) and its ability to minimize interruptions (1.62 vs. 2.36, p = 0.013), but both pre- and postintervention (after deployment of the alphanumeric pager system) perceptions were positive. Physician perceptions were significantly more positive with respect to time to locate the pager number (average survey score of 1.77 vs. 1.07, p = 0.001), and the percentage of pages requiring a callback (average percentage of 71-80% vs. 50-60%, p = 0.016). For nursing staff, preintervention perceptions were significantly more positive with regard to time saved (3.33 vs. 2.11, p = 0.025) and in improving delivery of patient care (3.44 vs. 2.39, p = 0.034). Conclusions: Study participants rated the alphanumeric paging system highly. Such systems have the potential to improve delivery of patient care, minimize interruptions in learning, improve physician efficiency, and improve time management of both physicians and nursing staff. C1 [Guerrero, Arthur F.; Nunez, Lara B.; Thompson, Jennifer C.; Sharkey, Christine Dupiche; Troncoso, Jorge A.; Moon, Jerry L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Guerrero, AF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 1 BP 82 EP 85 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LN UT WOS:000278061100013 PM 19216302 ER PT J AU Plunkett, AR Shields, C Stojadinovic, A Buckenmaier, CC AF Plunkett, Anthony R. Shields, Cynthia Stojadinovic, Alex Buckenmaier, Chester C., III TI Awake Thyroidectomy under Local Anesthesia and Dexmedetomidine Infusion SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; CERVICAL PLEXUS BLOCK; CAROTID-ENDARTERECTOMY; FIBEROPTIC INTUBATION; SURGERY; VENTILATION; SEDATION; FAILURE; HUMANS AB Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is an alpha-2 receptor agonist with sedative and analgesic properties. It has been reported to preserve the patient's ability to cooperate and provide opioid sparing properties. Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (USA) have demonstrated an increased risk for oxygen desaturation following general anesthesia. We report a case of a 64-year-old male, ASA IV with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, OSA, unilateral vocal cord dysfunction, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, and congestive heart failure undergoing an awake thyroidectomy under local anesthesia and a DEX infusion. The patient was given a loading dose of DEX of 1 mcg/kg and an infusion ranging from 0.2 to 1.0 g/kg/hr. He received a total of 250 mcg of fentanyl and 7.5 mg of ketorolac throughout the case. Results: The patient tolerated the procedure well. He was able to cooperate with simple commands. His vital signs remained stable. He reported a pain score of 2 out of 10 in the recovery unit. Conclusions: This case demonstrates the successful use of a DEX infusion along with local anesthesia administered by the surgeon for an awake thyroidectomy. C1 [Plunkett, Anthony R.; Shields, Cynthia; Stojadinovic, Alex; Buckenmaier, Chester C., III] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Plunkett, AR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 1 BP 100 EP 102 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LN UT WOS:000278061100016 PM 19216305 ER PT J AU Boylan, G Burk, R Foote, B AF Boylan, Greg Burk, Roger Foote, Bobbie TI A Preliminary Analysis of Loitering Aircraft as a Capability Added to Theater-Level Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems SO MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Since the end of the Cold War, a considerable cause for concern for the United States has been the proliferation of missile capabilities combined with the potential transfer of nuclear and chemical technologies between states hostile to U.S. interests and security. This state of affairs has induced a reevaluation of the strategic, operational, and tactical postures of the armed forces to deal with the broad array of threats to our security. Among these threats, the possibilities of a large-scale conventional missile, nuclear, or chemical/biological attack on the homeland, our national interests abroad, or deployed forces rank high. Ultimately, this is because 1) such weapons have the potential to inflict mass destruction on several levels; 2) obtaining these weapons, or the materials necessary to fabricate them, has become relatively easy; and 3) the asymmetric nature and radical idealism of the enemies who oppose our interests increases the level of uncertainty in the strategic environment. A critical aspect of these threats is the manner in which our enemies could employ them. One that interests the Army's Aviation & Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) is the use of theater ballistic missiles as a delivery platform. Accordingly, this organization has expanded its research of theater ballistic missile defense to include analysis of emerging technologies as viable military options. Pursuant to that end, AMRDEC asked the Department of Systems Engineering at West Point to conduct a feasibility study to evaluate the potential benefits of using loitering aircraft as a capability added to theater ballistic missile defense systems. To address this question, we used a simplified approach using Euclidean geometry and kinematical concepts involved with motion in three dimensions. Given that the effectiveness of any anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system will heavily depend on time, our modeling and analysis focused on the critical aspects of this parameter as it related to command and control and target intercept, and launch altitude. We then conducted a factorial design of experiments in two factors to assess the effects of each factor and any potential interactions. As the general results in this paper will show, we have determined that, at the theater level, there is a viable benefit to be gained from the employment of loitering launch platforms for ABM systems. These benefits are realized in the form of increased time available to decision makers and decision support systems to exercise critical command and control functions; an important and tangible benefit to theater-level commanders, especially at a time when more and more of our enemies are seeking to possess various types of WMD and the means to deliver them against our forces and interests around the world. C1 [Burk, Roger] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Gregory.boylan@us.army.mil; Roger.burk@usma.edu; bobbiefoote@msn.com NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH SOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1703 N BEAUREGARD ST, STE 450, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0275-5823 J9 MIL OPER RES JI Mil. Oper. Res. PY 2009 VL 14 IS 2 BP 5 EP 18 PG 14 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 514XT UT WOS:000271430800001 ER PT J AU Ginsberg, M AF Ginsberg, Mark TI Urban Encroachment Special Issue INTRODUCTION SO MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Ginsberg, M (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH SOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1703 N BEAUREGARD ST, STE 450, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0275-5823 J9 MIL OPER RES JI Mil. Oper. Res. PY 2009 VL 14 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 473EW UT WOS:000268189800001 ER PT J AU Goran, WD Tarantino, W Boesdorter, BJ AF Goran, William D. Tarantino, William Boesdorter, Brad J. TI Incorporating Land Use Change Into Army Basing Analysis SO MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Base Realignmentand Closure (BRAC) 2005 determined stationing options for Army units given an Army installation's limited resources (facilities, lands, and ranges) and a unit's resource requirements. One factor considered within BRAC analysis was a measure of the extent that Surrounding Communities have "encroached" on a military installation. Urban and suburban development along an installation's immediate perimeter is a type of encroachment that potentially constrains military operations and training. The Army established the Total Army Basing Study (TABS) to develop a comprehensive and comparable analysis of Army installations as input into the BRAC decisionmaking process. This TABS analysis included a comparison Of land use changes (from non-urban to suburban or urban) in the perimeter lands surrounding military installations. In addition, an encroachment trend was projected to 2020 for the sites in the analysis. We describe the TABS land use change analysis approach, examine analysis results for three military installations, and then compare the results at one of these three sites to results from an alternate land use change analysis method that was used at that same site. The authors' analysis and results were incorporated into the Army's candidate recommendations for the 2005 BRAC process. C1 [Goran, William D.] USA, Corps Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Boesdorter, Brad J.] City Decatur, Decatur, IL USA. RP Goran, WD (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. EM william.d.goran@us.army.mil; bill.tarantino@activedecisionsupport.com; bboesdotfer@decaturil.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH SOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1703 N BEAUREGARD ST, STE 450, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0275-5823 J9 MIL OPER RES JI Mil. Oper. Res. PY 2009 VL 14 IS 1 BP 25 EP 40 PG 16 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 473EW UT WOS:000268189800003 ER PT J AU Westervelt, JD White, MJ AF Westervelt, James D. White, Michael J. TI Identifying Future Locations for Noise-Generating Military Training Opportunities Within Urbanizing Landscapes SO MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ANNOYANCE AB The growth of urban areas near military installations (urban "encroachment") continues to reduce the effective size of military training and testing areas, thus constraining the time and frequency of training events necessary to properly train and equip our military personnel. Eventually, an installation or training area can be encroached to the point that training and testing is no longer viable and the mission must be relocated, which can seriously impact the local economy. The development of urban areas is a relatively slow, continuous process that is extremely difficult to correct. However, if the long-term consequences of proposed regional planning can be forecast with respect to future military training and testing needs, regional plans most advantageous to supporting military training and/or testing missions can be encouraged. While recent improvements have been made in urban regional growth forecasting, an approach is needed to identify where, in those forecast urban landscapes, noise-generating training and testing activities could be located without significant complaints from the community. This article proposes and demonstrates such an approach. This approach, combined with an urban growth model, will enable city and regional planners to project future urban growth patterns likely to develop in response to proposed regional planning. These patterns can be tested against potentially suitable locations for aircraft, artillery, tank, and other noise-generating activities. C1 [Westervelt, James D.; White, Michael J.] USA, Corps Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Westervelt, JD (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. EM james.westervelt@us.army.mil; michael.j.white@erdc.usace.army.mil RI White, Michael/B-3612-2009 OI White, Michael/0000-0001-8450-9135 NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH SOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1703 N BEAUREGARD ST, STE 450, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0275-5823 J9 MIL OPER RES JI Mil. Oper. Res. PY 2009 VL 14 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 PG 8 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 473EW UT WOS:000268189800005 ER PT J AU Kemme, MR Westervelt, JD AF Kemme, Michael R. Westervelt, James D. TI Identifying Suitable Dust-Generating Training/Testing Locations Near Residential Areas SO MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The development of civilian activities around military installation boundaries threatens the long-term sustainability of military training and testing activities. This paper specifically considers how military training and testing activities could be impeded by complaints from projected civilian residential developments about military-unique particulate matter (PM) emissions. We developed a quick predictive method, based on the basic concepts of Gaussian pollutant dispersion and transport, to project the level of future human annoyance caused by military PM sources. This method may be applied to all predicted civilian receptors in an area to generate the probability of community complaint about a dust-producing activity at a specific location. Repeating this process for all locations across an installation will create geographic information system (GIS) based complaint probability surfaces to show impacts on training and testing opportunities. This information could support military installation planners in working with regional authorities to ensure the long-term sustainability of military training and testing missions. C1 [Kemme, Michael R.; Westervelt, James D.] USA, Corps Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Kemme, MR (reprint author), USA, Corps Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Washington, DC USA. EM Michael.R.Kemme@erdc.usace.army.mil; james.westervelt@us.army.mil NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH SOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1703 N BEAUREGARD ST, STE 450, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0275-5823 J9 MIL OPER RES JI Mil. Oper. Res. PY 2009 VL 14 IS 1 BP 61 EP 69 PG 9 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 473EW UT WOS:000268189800006 ER PT J AU Shirkey, RC O'Brien, S AF Shirkey, Richard C. O'Brien, Sean TI Weather for Combat Models SO MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Weather is ubiquitous; planning for it is an everyday occurrence because it frequently impedes our plans. There are numerous recent military examples of this happenstance, such as dust Clouds that grounded sorties in Operation Allied Force in Kosovo, and the dust storm that delayed the advance on Baghdad in 2003. For operations research to effectively provide decision makers with the most relevant options, weather effects and impacts on equipment, personnel, and operations must be taken into account. Because combat model setup times are Usually lengthy and require input from varied sources, additions to combat models that lengthen run or setup time, such as weather effects, are frequently given low implementation priority. In response to this issue, we devised an efficient new weather effects assessment technique that employs existing weather impact decision aids (WIDAs). Generally, WIDAs determine weather effects and impacts on mission-selected equipment and operations, and are broken down into two subsets: rule-based and physics-based. We have used these WIDAs to develop and test new methodologies, which add weather to combat models in such a fashion that run times are not significantly impacted while providing significantly more accurate weather impacts. C1 [Shirkey, Richard C.; O'Brien, Sean] USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM USA. RP Shirkey, RC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM USA. EM richard.shirkey@us.army.mil; sean.g.obrien@us.army.mil FU TRADOC Analysis Center-Ft. Leavenworth FX We would like to thank Terry Gach and Steven Glasgow, TRADOC Analysis Center-Ft. Leavenworth, for project support, many interesting discussions and providing successive Versions of AWARS. In addition, they were instrumental in setting up the scenario and interpretation of the results. We would also like to thank Dave Tofsted, Army Research Laboratory, for many insightful discussions. Finally, we would like to thank Barbara Sauter, Army Research Laboratory, for performing the TAWS runs. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MILITARY OPERATIONS RESEARCH SOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1703 N BEAUREGARD ST, STE 450, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0275-5823 J9 MIL OPER RES JI Mil. Oper. Res. PY 2009 VL 14 IS 3 BP 91 EP 104 PG 14 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 541NQ UT WOS:000273422800005 ER PT J AU O'Shea, PG Goodwin, GF Driskell, JE Salas, E Ardison, S AF O'Shea, Patrick Gavan Goodwin, Gerald F. Driskell, James E. Salas, Eduardo Ardison, Sharon TI The Many Faces of Commitment: Facet-Level Links to Performance in Military Contexts SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual Conference of the International-Military-Testing-Association CY OCT 26-28, 2004 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP Int Military Testing Assoc ID ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT; JOB-PERFORMANCE; WORK; CONSEQUENCES; ANTECEDENTS; METAANALYSIS; CONTINUANCE; CITIZENSHIP; BEHAVIORS; COUNTS AB Over the past two decades, considerable progress has been achieved in an effort to better identify and understand the various types of organizational commitment, the foci toward which such committed bonds are directed, and the myriad outcomes associated with these bonds. This research adds to and extends such work within a military context. Specifically, we explore relations among various forms (e.g., affective, normative, and continuance) of both team- and military-focused commitment and several supervisory-rated performance criteria. Across the different criteria, team-focused commitment tended to be a stronger predictor of performance than military-oriented commitment did. However, military-oriented commitment was inversely related to supervisory ratings of soldiers' negative behaviors. We discuss the psychological mechanisms that likely drive these findings, the implications of this work, and several potentially fruitful next steps within this research domain. C1 [Goodwin, Gerald F.; Ardison, Sharon] USA, Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Salas, Eduardo] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Psychol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Salas, Eduardo] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP O'Shea, PG (reprint author), Human Resources Res Org, 66 Canal Ctr Plaza,Suite 700, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. EM goshea@humrro.org NR 43 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 5 EP 23 DI 10.1080/08995600802565595 PG 19 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 427AQ UT WOS:000264752300002 ER PT J AU Killion, TH Bury, SJ de Pontbriand, R Belanich, J AF Killion, Thomas H. Bury, Stephen J. de Pontbriand, Rene Belanich, James TI United States Army Science and Technology: Sustaining Soldier Performance SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Stress is a multidimensional concept, manifesting its effects in multiple domains. Most clearly these effects appear in the physiological, cognitive, and emotional arenas. This article will provide an overview of (a) key factors contributing to this stress and (b) the range of U.S. Army basic research through advanced technology demonstrations, focusing on reducing these effects and/or otherwise enabling Soldiers to sustain performance under stress. The objective is to provide a context for the discussion of ways to enrich the technological options that can be applied to ameliorate or adapt to stress across the spectrum of missions that Soldiers perform. C1 [Killion, Thomas H.] USA, Res & Technol, Washington, DC USA. [de Pontbriand, Rene] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Washington, DC USA. [Belanich, James] USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Bury, SJ (reprint author), 2511 Jefferson Davis Hwy,Suite 9013, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. EM steve.bury@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 BP 9 EP 22 AR PII 908219439 DI 10.1080/08995600802554540 PG 14 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 400IC UT WOS:000262860300002 ER PT J AU Durlach, PJ Kring, JP Bowens, LD AF Durlach, Paula J. Kring, Jason P. Bowens, Laticia D. TI Effects of Action Video Game Experience on Change Detection SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL SELECTIVE ATTENTION; CHANGE-BLINDNESS; SEARCH; EFFICIENCY AB Monitoring digital displays for changes will be an increasing part of a soldier's duties as the U. S. Army transforms to a networked system of systems; however, it is well established that humans often fail to detect such changes in contexts with competing demands on attention. Interventions that enhance visual attention might also enhance change detection, because focused attention has been identified as a requirement for change detection. Given current claims that habitual experience with action video games can increase attentional resources, we investigated whether such experience would lessen the incidence of change blindness in two change detection tasks. Although we replicated a previously demonstrated difference between players and nonplayers on the flanker-compatibility test (Green & Bavelier, 2003), we failed to find evidence that habitual action video game players were superior to nonplayers when it came to change detection. C1 [Durlach, Paula J.] USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Orlando, FL 32817 USA. [Bowens, Laticia D.] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Durlach, PJ (reprint author), USA, Res Inst, ATTN DAPE IF ARI, 12350 Res Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32817 USA. EM Paula.Durlach@peostri.army.mil NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0899-5605 EI 1532-7876 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 24 EP 39 DI 10.1080/08995600802565694 PG 16 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 427AQ UT WOS:000264752300003 ER PT J AU Morelli, F Burton, PA AF Morelli, Frank Burton, Pamela A. TI The Impact of Induced Stress Upon Selective Attention in Multiple Object Tracking SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INHIBITION; INDEXES; MODEL AB The ability to filter distracting information and selectively attend to relevant information is critical to effective performance on the battlefield. In addition to the cognitive processing burden imposed upon modern warfighters, the effects of stress upon cognition and action must also be accounted for in evaluating individual warfighting capabilities. The current study examines the relationship between stress and cognition by measuring performance on a multiple object tracking (MOT) task after exposure to stress-inducing photographs. Postexposure performance revealed significant decrements in MOT accuracy relative to a nonstressed control group. Implications are discussed regarding the impact of stress on attentional selection for operational scenarios where it is difficult to distinguish friendly individuals from those with hostile intentions, as well as for the development of technology for command, control, communications (computers), and intelligence (C4I) systems. C1 [Morelli, Frank] USA, Res Lab, ATTN AMSRD ARL HR SE, Human Res & Engn Directorate,Cognit Sci Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Morelli, F (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, ATTN AMSRD ARL HR SE, Human Res & Engn Directorate,Cognit Sci Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM frank.morelli@us.army.mil NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 12 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 81 EP 97 DI 10.1080/08995600802565769 PG 17 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 427AQ UT WOS:000264752300006 ER PT J AU Chen, JYC Joyner, CT AF Chen, Jessie Y. C. Joyner, Carla T. TI Concurrent Performance of Gunner's and Robotics Operator's Tasks in a Multitasking Environment SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB In this study, we simulated a generic mounted crew station environment and conducted an experiment to examine the workload and performance of the combined position of gunner and robotics operator. Results showed that participants' gunnery task performances degraded significantly when he had to concurrently monitor, manage, or teleoperate an unmanned ground vehicle compared to the gunnery single task condition. For the robotics tasks, participants had the lowest performance when using the semi-autonomous robot, indicating overreliance on the aided target recognition capabilities available when task load was heavy (i.e., concurrent performance of the gunnery task). Participants' perceived workload increased consistently as the concurrent task conditions became more challenging. Individual difference factors such as spatial ability and perceived attentional control were found to correlate significantly with some of the performance measures. Implications for military personnel selection were discussed. C1 [Chen, Jessie Y. C.] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Joyner, Carla T.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. RP Chen, JYC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, 12423 Res Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM Jessie.chen@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 6 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 98 EP 113 DI 10.1080/08995600802565785 PG 16 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 427AQ UT WOS:000264752300007 ER PT J AU Matthews, MD Defiori, K Feltner, D AF Matthews, Michael D. Defiori, Kim Feltner, David TI Soldier Performance in High Operations Tempo Conditions: West Point Contributions SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Faculty and cadets at the U.S. Military Academy (West Point) are vitally involved in the Sustaining Performance Under Stress project. A cadet research team completed an experiment that found that a cognitive prime presented during a cortically aroused state was more effective than startle-based prime in maintaining vigilance in a simulated command and control monitoring task. In addition, over 20 male and female West Point cadet athletes served as research participants in experiments conducted at the University of Texas, thus increasing the generalization of the results to the target military population. Finally, West Point military faculty served as subject matter experts to the project to help maintain a valid operational focus. C1 [Matthews, Michael D.] US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10096 USA. RP Matthews, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, Bldg 601,Room 281,Cullum Rd, West Point, NY 10096 USA. EM Mike.Matthews@usma.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 BP 130 EP 137 AR PII 908221411 DI 10.1080/08995600802554813 PG 8 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 400IC UT WOS:000262860300014 ER PT J AU Thompson, LF Surface, EA AF Thompson, Lori Foster Surface, Eric A. TI Promoting Favorable Attitudes Toward Personnel Surveys: The Role of Follow-Up SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAILED QUESTIONNAIRES; STIMULATING RESPONSES; METAANALYSIS; NONRESPONSE; VARIABLES; FEEDBACK; BEHAVIOR; RATES AB Periodic command climate assessments and other such surveys are typical in most military organizations. In today's era of dwindling response rates, empirical guidance is needed for leaders and practitioners attempting to understand the factors that affect personnel's attitudes toward surveys and their intentions to complete recurrent questionnaires. The present study addressed this problem by assessing 236 military and civilian workers' reactions to a recurring command climate survey. As hypothesized, personnel who witnessed data feedback, problem identification, and survey-based action after the administration of the survey were particularly inclined to deem the survey useful. Moreover, personnel considered action more important than feedback when evaluating the survey's utility. By shaping perceptions of survey usefulness, awareness of follow-up actions impacted intentions to complete future questionnaires. Overall, the results of this study document the importance of visible, post-survey actions and highlight the repercussions of failing to adequately communicate survey-based change initiatives to the workforce. C1 [Thompson, Lori Foster] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Psychol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Thompson, Lori Foster] USA, Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Surface, Eric A.] SWA Consulting Inc, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Thompson, LF (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Psychol, Campus Box 7650, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM lfthompson@ncsu.edu NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 2 BP 139 EP 161 AR PII 910064286 DI 10.1080/08995600902768693 PG 23 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 427AR UT WOS:000264752400001 ER PT J AU Matthews, MD Ender, MG Laurence, JH Rohall, DE AF Matthews, Michael D. Ender, Morten G. Laurence, Janice H. Rohall, David E. TI Role of Group Affiliation and Gender on Attitudes Toward Women in the Military SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL-HARASSMENT AB The current study examined attitudes of West Point cadets (N = 218), Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) cadets (N = 509), and non-military-affiliated students from civilian colleges (N = 598) toward a variety of roles that women may serve in the military. Respondents were queried whether a woman should or should not serve in the following military jobs: jet fighter pilot, truck mechanic, nurse in a combat zone, typist in the Pentagon, commander of a military installation, hand-to-hand combat soldier, jet transport pilot, air defense gunner, and crew member on a combat ship. A metric based on a sum of approval across all jobs indicated that women were significantly more approving than men; civilian college students were more approving than ROTC cadets; and West Point cadets showed the lowest overall approval. C1 [Matthews, Michael D.; Ender, Morten G.] US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Laurence, Janice H.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Rohall, David E.] Western Illinois Univ, Macomb, IL USA. RP Matthews, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, Cullum Rd,Bldg 601,Room 281, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM lm6270@usma.edu NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 2 BP 241 EP 251 AR PII 910064845 DI 10.1080/08995600902768750 PG 11 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 427AR UT WOS:000264752400007 ER PT J AU Parasuraman, R Cosenzo, KA De Visser, E AF Parasuraman, Raja Cosenzo, Keryl A. De Visser, Ewart TI Adaptive Automation for Human Supervision of Multiple Uninhabited Vehicles: Effects on Change Detection, Situation Awareness, and Mental Workload SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-ROBOT INTERACTION; CHANGE BLINDNESS; SYSTEMS; TASK; PERFORMANCE AB Human operators supervising multiple uninhabited air and ground vehicles (UAVs and UGVs) under high task load must be supported appropriately in context by automation. Two experiments examined the efficacy of such adaptive automation in a simulated high workload reconnaissance mission involving four subtasks: (a) UAV target identification; (b) UGV route planning; (c) communications, with embedded verbal situation awareness probes; and (d) change detection. The results of the first baseline experiment established the sensitivity of a change detection procedure to transient and nontransient events in a complex, multi-window, dynamic display. Experiment 1 also set appropriate levels of low and high task load for use in Experiment 2, in which three automation conditions were compared: manual; static automation, in which an automated target recognition (ATR) system was provided for the UAV task; and adaptive automation, in which individual operator change detection performance was assessed in real time and used to invoke the ATR if and only if change detection accuracy was below a threshold. Change detection accuracy and situation awareness were higher and workload was lower for both automation conditions compared to manual performance. In addition, these beneficial effects on change detection and workload were significantly greater for adaptive compared to static automation. The results point to the efficacy of adaptive automation for supporting the human operator tasked with supervision of multiple uninhabited vehicles under high workload conditions. C1 [Parasuraman, Raja; De Visser, Ewart] George Mason Univ, Arch Lab, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cosenzo, Keryl A.] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Parasuraman, R (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Arch Lab, 2055 David King Hall,4400 Univ Dr MS3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM rparasur@gmu.ed NR 44 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 9 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 2 BP 270 EP 297 AR PII 910064179 DI 10.1080/08995600902768800 PG 28 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 427AR UT WOS:000264752400009 ER PT J AU Tucker, JS Gunther, KM AF Tucker, Jennifer S. Gunther, Katie M. TI The Application of a Model of Adaptive Performance to Army Leader Behaviors SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB To better understand the adaptive capabilities of junior Army leaders, we applied an existing nine-dimension adaptability model to critical incidents of leader behaviors. We examined interview data from two samples of U. S. Army leaders (40 combat veterans and 24 training facilitators). The adaptive behaviors performed most in combat reflected the Deals with Unpredictability and Handles Emergencies dimensions, whereas in training contexts they reflected the Leads Adaptive Teams and Solves Problems Creatively dimensions. The model represented all of the adaptive capabilities; however, the dimensions varied across the samples. To promote adaptability, the leaders recommended developing mental adaptability skills and adaptive teams. C1 [Tucker, Jennifer S.] USA, Res Inst, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. [Gunther, Katie M.] Auburn Univ, Dept Psychol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Tucker, JS (reprint author), USA, Res Inst, POB 52086, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. EM Jennifer.S.Tucker@us.army.mil NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 3 BP 315 EP 333 DI 10.1080/08995600802565396 PG 19 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 557AN UT WOS:000274640000002 ER PT J AU Campbell, DJ Campbell, KM AF Campbell, Donald J. Campbell, Kathleen M. TI Embracing Change: Further Examination of a "Capabilities and Benevolence" Beliefs Model in a Military Sample SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOTIVATION; TRUST AB Building on earlier research that used a "capabilities/benevolence" framework to examine an "embracing change" disposition, the current investigation extended previous cadet-based findings to a sample of company-and field-grade military officers. We hypothesized that officers with a high learning orientation and a high propensity to trust others would hold a significantly more positive attitude toward change than other individuals, even when controlling for the officer's general dispositional resistance to change. As with the earlier cadet results, the findings confirmed the hypothesis for learning orientation but not for trust. Discussion focused on the utility of acquiring a better understanding of an embracing change disposition and on the value of salting individuals with high learning orientations throughout the organization. Additionally, for future research, we consider the importance of employing multiple and diverse methods when exploring the embracing change construct. Such methodological expansion will undoubtedly reduce some conceptual ambiguities associated with the current study. C1 [Campbell, Donald J.; Campbell, Kathleen M.] US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Campbell, DJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM LD6829@usma.edu NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 10 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 3 BP 351 EP 364 DI 10.1080/08995600802565701 PG 14 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 557AN UT WOS:000274640000004 ER PT J AU Gruber, KA Kilcullen, RN Iso-Ahola, SE AF Gruber, Kerry A. Kilcullen, Robert N. Iso-Ahola, Seppo E. TI Effects of Psychosocial Resources on Elite Soldiers' Completion of a Demanding Military Selection Program SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SPORT INJURY; STRESS; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION; STRENGTHS; RECOVERY; CORTISOL; SCALE AB The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of three psychosocial resources (social support, mattering, and self-efficacy), together and separately, on soldiers' completion of a physically challenging military program when controlling for the possible mediating effects of stress. A total of 380 male soldiers entering Special Forces Assessment and Selection Course served as subjects. Results showed that the psychosocial resources were significantly and positively related to the program completion. Expected stress and cognitive stress did not mediate this effect. Of the three psychosocial resources, only the effect of self-efficacy was statistically significant. Implications of the findings are discussed. C1 [Iso-Ahola, Seppo E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Kinesiol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kilcullen, Robert N.] USA, Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Iso-Ahola, SE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Kinesiol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM isoahol@umd.edu NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 8 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 4 BP 427 EP 444 DI 10.1080/08995600903206354 PG 18 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 557AP UT WOS:000274640200001 ER PT J AU Orvis, KA Horn, DB Belanich, J AF Orvis, Karin A. Horn, Daniel B. Belanich, James TI An Examination of the Role Individual Differences Play in Videogame-Based Training SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GOAL ORIENTATION; LEARNING OUTCOMES; SELF-EFFICACY; PRESENTATION TIME; PERFORMANCE; MOTIVATION; TASK; ENVIRONMENTS; INSTRUCTION; ATTITUDES AB Videogames are emerging as an increasingly popular training tool in the military. Given this trend, it is important to investigate factors that maximize the effectiveness of this training medium. The present research analyzed the impact of trainee attributes (i.e., prior videogame experience, videogame self-efficacy, and goal orientation) on game-based training outcomes. Participants completed a game-based tactics training exercise. The training exercise used America's Army, a first-person-perspective videogame with a single-player section to introduce game-specific tasks, followed by a multiplayer section where participants form small teams to conduct collaborative missions. Prior to and after the training exercise, participants completed online questionnaires. Results suggest that the trainee attributes, as a set, had a positive impact on trainee motivation, trainee satisfaction, ease in using the training game interface, metacognitive strategies utilized during training, and time spent engaging in the training game. These findings have implications for instructors using videogames as training tools. Recommendations for future research in this area are provided. C1 [Orvis, Karin A.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Psychol, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Horn, Daniel B.] Booz Allen Hamilton, Mclean, VA USA. [Belanich, James] USA, Army Res Inst Behav & Social Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Orvis, KA (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Psychol, 250 Mills Godwin Bldg, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM korvis@odu.edu RI Orvis, Karin/A-2523-2009 NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 13 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 4 BP 461 EP 481 DI 10.1080/08995600903206412 PG 21 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 557AP UT WOS:000274640200003 ER PT J AU White, TL Kehring, KL Glumm, MM AF White, Timothy L. Kehring, Kathy L. Glumm, Monica M. TI Effects of Unimodal and Multimodal Cues About Threat Locations on Target Acquisition and Workload SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 3-D SOUND AB Two studies were conducted to examine the effects of unimodal and multimodal cueing techniques for indicating the location of threats on target acquisition, the recall of information from concurrent communications, and perceived workload. One visual, two auditory (i.e., nonspatial speech and spatial tones [3-D]), and one tactile cue were assessed in Experiment 1. Experiment 2 examined the effects of combinations of the cues assessed in the first investigation: visual + nonspatial speech, visual + spatial tones, visual + tactile, and nonspatial speech + tactile. A unimodal, "visual only" condition was included as a baseline to determine the extent to which a supplementary cue might influence changes in performance and workload. The results of the studies indicated that time to first shot and the percentage of hits can be improved and workload reduced by providing cues about target location. The multimodal cues did not yield significant improvements in performance or workload beyond that achieved by the unimodal visual cue. C1 [White, Timothy L.] USA, Res Lab, ATTN RDRL HRS B, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP White, TL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, ATTN RDRL HRS B, Bldg 459, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM twhite@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 4 BP 497 EP 512 DI 10.1080/08995600903206438 PG 16 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 557AP UT WOS:000274640200005 ER PT J AU Campbell, DJ Nobel, OBY AF Campbell, Donald J. Nobel, Orly Ben-Yoav TI Occupational Stressors in Military Service: A Review and Framework SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; MENTAL-HEALTH; PEACEKEEPERS; STRAIN; PERSONALITY; PERFORMANCE; PREVENTION; LEADERSHIP; DISORDERS; PERSONNEL AB The identification of stressors and the evaluation of their likely severity in the different settings and phases of military service are essential requirements for developing a comprehensive understanding of military occupation stress and for developing stress-reducing strategies useful for enhancing unit performance and for promoting soldiers' health. As an initial step in meeting these requirements, this article reviews and compares the likely sources and severity of occupational stress across several broad types of military environments-i.e., garrison versus deployed and combat versus noncombat-and presents an integrating framework for systematically considering military occupational stress in these subenvironments. Discussion focuses on the contributions the framework makes and on the kinds of military stress research needed in the future. C1 [Campbell, Donald J.] US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Campbell, DJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM LD6829@usma.edu NR 53 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 9 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 SU 2 BP S47 EP S67 DI 10.1080/08995600903249149 PG 21 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 557AL UT WOS:000274639700004 ER PT J AU McKibben, ES Britt, TW Hoge, CW Castro, CA AF McKibben, Eric S. Britt, Thomas W. Hoge, Charles W. Castro, Carl Andrew TI Receipt and Rated Adequacy of Stress Management Training is Related to PTSD and Other Outcomes among Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans SO MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAJOR DEPRESSION; HEALTH-PROBLEMS; DISORDER; PSYCHOTHERAPY; RELAXATION; PSYCHOLOGY; BARRIERS; SOLDIERS; WORK; WELL AB The present study examines the relationship between receipt of stress management training, ratings of the adequacy of the training, and several outcome variables of interest to the military, including physical symptoms, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), morale, leadership, retention intentions, and marital functioning. Results indicate that soldiers receiving training and rating the training as adequate also reported fewer negative outcomes (physical symptoms, symptoms of PTSD) and more positive outcomes (morale, leadership, retention intentions, marital functioning) even after controlling for combat exposure. Discussion of the results focuses on implications of these findings for the Army and for soldiers' health. Limitations of the present study are also discussed. C1 [Britt, Thomas W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Psychol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Hoge, Charles W.; Castro, Carl Andrew] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Britt, TW (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Psychol, 418 Brackett Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM twbritt@clemson.edu RI Dopko, Rae/J-7437-2015 NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-5605 J9 MIL PSYCHOL JI Milit. Psychol. PY 2009 VL 21 SU 2 BP S68 EP S81 DI 10.1080/08995600903249172 PG 14 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 557AL UT WOS:000274639700005 ER PT B AU Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK AF Fehlman, William L., II Hinders, Mark K. BA Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK BF Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK TI Mobile Robot Navigation with Intelligent Infrared Image Interpretation Introduction and Overview SO MOBILE ROBOT NAVIGATION WITH INTELLIGENT INFRARED IMAGE INTERPRETATION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID TERRAIN CLASSIFICATION AB This chapter introduces the objective of this book, to present the design and implementation of a physics-based pattern classification model to characterize non-heat generating outdoor objects in thermal scenes for autonomous robots. The classification of indoor objects and heat generating objects is a solved problem. However, a missing and essential piece in the literature is research involving the automatic characterization of non-heat generating objects in outdoor environments using a thermal infrared imaging modality for mobile robotic systems. Seeking to classify, non-heat generating objects in outdoor environments using a thermal infrared imaging system is a complex problem due to the variation of radiance emitted from the objects as a result of the diurnal cycle of solar energy. The model design cycle outlined for presentation in subsequent chapters will allow bots to "see beyond vision" to autonomously assess the physical nature of the surrounding structures for making decisions without the need for an interpretation by humans. C1 [Fehlman, William L., II] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hinders, Mark K.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Fehlman, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu; william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84882-508-6 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 23 D2 10.1007/978-1-84882-509-3 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Robotics; Physics GA BMH15 UT WOS:000272325400001 ER PT B AU Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK AF Fehlman, William L., II Hinders, Mark K. BA Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK BF Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK TI Data Acquisition SO MOBILE ROBOT NAVIGATION WITH INTELLIGENT INFRARED IMAGE INTERPRETATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB The first step in our pattern classification model design process is presented - data acquisition. We will first introduce the robotic thermal imaging system, consisting of the hardware and software used to acquire thermal data. We will also discuss the methodology used to preprocess and collect our representative data set. The methodology used in our data acquisition is implemented prior to the feature generation step discussed in the next chapter. C1 [Fehlman, William L., II] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hinders, Mark K.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Fehlman, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu; william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84882-508-6 PY 2009 BP 25 EP 46 D2 10.1007/978-1-84882-509-3 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Robotics; Physics GA BMH15 UT WOS:000272325400002 ER PT B AU Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK AF Fehlman, William L., II Hinders, Mark K. BA Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK BF Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK TI Thermal Feature Generation SO MOBILE ROBOT NAVIGATION WITH INTELLIGENT INFRARED IMAGE INTERPRETATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOURIER-MELLIN DESCRIPTORS; INVARIANT PATTERN-RECOGNITION; MOMENT INVARIANTS; IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; INFRARED EMISSIVITY; OBJECT RECOGNITION; TEXTURAL FEATURES; DISCRIMINATION; TRANSFORM; ROTATION AB This chapter introduces the thermal features used to classify non-heat generating objects. Examples are provided to illustrate the value of these features in distinguishing non-heat generating objects. By generating feature values from the thermal images of non-heat generating objects, we will see how interpreting the effects of the outdoor environment and thermal properties of objects on their feature values is a subtle process. We will also introduce a curvature algorithm that can be used distinguish compact objects from extended objects. C1 [Fehlman, William L., II] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hinders, Mark K.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Fehlman, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84882-508-6 PY 2009 BP 47 EP 93 D2 10.1007/978-1-84882-509-3 PG 47 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Robotics; Physics GA BMH15 UT WOS:000272325400003 ER PT B AU Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK AF Fehlman, William L., II Hinders, Mark K. BA Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK BF Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK TI Thermal Feature Selection SO MOBILE ROBOT NAVIGATION WITH INTELLIGENT INFRARED IMAGE INTERPRETATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR CLASSIFICATION; DENSITY-FUNCTION; RECOGNITION; CHOICE AB In this chapter, we evaluate the performance of various classification models to identify the most favorable feature vectors for our extended and compact objects. We will show that there is no single "optimal" feature vector but a set of "most favorable" feature vectors associated with various classifiers for both the extend and compact object classes. Moreover, the most favorable feature vectors are those that contain contributions from all the feature types - meteorological, micro, and macro. C1 [Fehlman, William L., II] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hinders, Mark K.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Fehlman, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84882-508-6 PY 2009 BP 95 EP 159 D2 10.1007/978-1-84882-509-3 PG 65 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Robotics; Physics GA BMH15 UT WOS:000272325400004 ER PT B AU Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK AF Fehlman, William L., II Hinders, Mark K. BA Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK BF Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK TI Adaptive Bayesian Classification Model SO MOBILE ROBOT NAVIGATION WITH INTELLIGENT INFRARED IMAGE INTERPRETATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB An Adaptive Bayesian Classification Model is presented that outperforms the traditional KNN and Parzen classifiers when classifying non-heat generating outdoor objects in thermal scenes. The Adaptive Bayesian Classification Model is a suitable choice for any classification application involving hyperconoidal clusters. Each hyperconoidal cluster consists of an object class's patterns in an n-dimensional feature space that are characterized by their behavior about a respective first principal eigenvector. The model introduced in this chapter is designed to adapt to the behavior of these patterns from specified object classes to provide an accurate classification of unknown objects. C1 [Fehlman, William L., II] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hinders, Mark K.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Fehlman, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84882-508-6 PY 2009 BP 161 EP 254 D2 10.1007/978-1-84882-509-3 PG 94 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Robotics; Physics GA BMH15 UT WOS:000272325400005 ER PT B AU Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK AF Fehlman, William L., II Hinders, Mark K. BA Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK BF Fehlman, WL Hinders, MK TI Mobile Robot Navigation with Intelligent Infrared Image Interpretation Conclusions and Future Research Directions SO MOBILE ROBOT NAVIGATION WITH INTELLIGENT INFRARED IMAGE INTERPRETATION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter AB This book presented the design and implementation of a physics-based adaptive Bayesian pattern classification model that uses a passive thermal infrared imaging system to automatically characterize non-heat generating objects in unstructured outdoor environments for mobile robots. The resulting model complements an autonomous robot's situational awareness and affords bots with the intelligence to automatically interpret the information in signal data emitted from targets to make decisions without the need for an interpretation by humans. The work presented in this book has created new opportunities to continue the research in support of the goal to automate the fusion and interpretation of data streams from various active and passive sensor systems to enable autonomous mobile robot operations in a wide variety of unstructured outdoor environments. C1 [Fehlman, William L., II] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hinders, Mark K.] Coll William & Mary, Dept Appl Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. RP Fehlman, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu; william.f'ehlmanii@us.army.mil; hinders@as.wm.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84882-508-6 PY 2009 BP 255 EP 269 D2 10.1007/978-1-84882-509-3 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics; Physics, Applied SC Computer Science; Robotics; Physics GA BMH15 UT WOS:000272325400006 ER PT J AU Bentz, J Schwartz, M Soures, R Clayton, A Crothers, B Laucirica, R Chmara, B Clary, K Wasserman, P Moriarty, A AF Bentz, J. Schwartz, M. Soures, R. Clayton, A. Crothers, B. Laucirica, R. Chmara, B. Clary, K. Wasserman, P. Moriarty, A. TI Do Classic Preparations of Gastrointestinal Cytology Perform Differently Than ThinPrep (R) Cases? Observations from the College of American Pathologists Interlaboratory Comparison Program in Nongynecologic Cytology (CAP NGC) SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 98th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 07-13, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Coll Amer Pathologists, Northfield, IL USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Rochester Gen Hosp, Rochester, NY 14621 USA. Long Isl Jewish Med Ctr, New Hyde Pk, NY 11042 USA. Ameripath Indiana, Indianapolis, IN USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 22 MA 359 BP 82A EP 82A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 393KF UT WOS:000262371500360 ER PT J AU Furusato, B Sun, C Dobi, A Hu, Y Thangapazham, R Mohamed, A Whitman, EJ Hawkswort, D Tan, SH Cullen, J Chen, Y Petrovics, G Sreenath, T McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Sesterhenn, IA AF Furusato, B. Sun, C. Dobi, A. Hu, Y. Thangapazham, R. Mohamed, A. Whitman, E. J. Hawkswort, D. Tan, S. H. Cullen, J. Chen, Y. Petrovics, G. Sreenath, T. McLeod, D. G. Srivastava, S. Sesterhenn, I. A. TI Splice Variants and Functions of TMPRSS2-ERG Fusion, a Common Genomic Alteration in Prostate Cancer SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 98th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 07-13, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 22 SU 1 MA 764 BP 169A EP 169A PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 393KF UT WOS:000262371500765 ER PT J AU Furusato, B DeRosa, C Chen, Y Ravindranath, L Cook, C Cullen, J McLoed, DG Petrovics, G Srivastava, S Sesterhenn, IA AF Furusato, B. DeRosa, C. Chen, Y. Ravindranath, L. Cook, C. Cullen, J. McLoed, D. G. Petrovics, G. Srivastava, S. Sesterhenn, I. A. TI Elevated Secreted Protein, Acidic, and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) Expression in Prostate Cancer Correlates with Tumor Metastasis after Radical Prostatectomy SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 98th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 07-13, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 22 SU 1 MA 765 BP 169A EP 170A PG 2 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 393KF UT WOS:000262371500766 ER PT J AU Tobiasson, W AF Tobiasson, Wayne BE Trechsel, HR Bomberg, MT TI Roofs SO MOISTURE CONTROL IN BUILDINGS: THE KEY FACTOR IN MOLD PREVENTION, 2ND EDITION SE ASTM International Manual Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Tobiasson, Wayne] CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Tobiasson, W (reprint author), 5 Woods End Rd, Etna, NH 03750 USA. EM weworkshop@aol.com NR 164 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA BN 978-0-8031-7004-9 J9 ASTM INT MAN SER PY 2009 IS MNL18 BP 298 EP 342 D2 10.1520/MNL18_2ND-EB PG 45 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BWN61 UT WOS:000294327700017 ER PT J AU Brennan, JK Lisal, M AF Brennan, John K. Lisal, Martin TI CECAM Workshop: 'Dissipative particle dynamics: addressing deficiencies and establishing new frontiers' (16-18 July 2008, Lausanne, Switzerland) SO MOLECULAR SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE mesoscale; simulation; dissipative particle dynamics ID SIMULATION; POLYMER AB In this report, we summarise highlights of a workshop sponsored by the Centre Europeen de Calcul Atomique et Moleculaire on the dissipative particle dynamics method (DPD) held during 16-18 July 2008, at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland. We present our motivation for organising the workshop, followed by a description of the technical program, and finally a summary of a group discussion on future directions for the DPD method is given. C1 [Brennan, John K.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Lisal, Martin] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Vvi, Inst Chem Proc Fundamentals, E Hala Lab Thermodynam, CR-16502 Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic. [Lisal, Martin] Univ JE Purkyne, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Usti Nad Labem 40096, Czech Republic. RP Brennan, JK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jbrennan@arl.army.mil RI Lisal, Martin/A-8176-2011 OI Lisal, Martin/0000-0001-8005-7143 NR 13 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7022 EI 1029-0435 J9 MOL SIMULAT JI Mol. Simul. PY 2009 VL 35 IS 9 BP 766 EP 769 DI 10.1080/08927020902902783 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 472MN UT WOS:000268136200008 ER PT J AU Henz, BJ Hawa, T Zachariah, M AF Henz, Brian J. Hawa, Takumi Zachariah, Michael TI Molecular dynamics simulation of the kinetic sintering of Ni and Al nanoparticles SO MOLECULAR SIMULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Institute-of-Chemical-Engineers CY NOV, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP AIChE DE sintering; SHS reaction; nanoparticle ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; MULTILAYER FOILS; COALESCENCE; BODY; ALUMINUM; NICKEL; TEMPERATURE; ENTHALPIES; DEFECTS AB The kinetic sintering of Ni and Al nanoparticles is considered using molecular dynamics simulations. We report on the effects of nanoparticle size on sintering temperature and time, with results showing that surface energy has a slight effect on both results. The effect of surface energy on combustion temperature is limited to nanoparticles of less than 10 nm in diameter. An analysis of the various alloys formed during sintering gives insight into the reaction process. The formation of Al-rich compounds is observed initially with a final equilibration and rapid formation of the eutectic alloy immediately preceded by melting of the Ni nanoparticle. We have observed that nanoparticle size and surface energy are both important factors in determining the adiabatic reaction temperature for this material system at nanoparticle sizes of less than 10 nm in diameter. C1 [Henz, Brian J.] USA, Adv Comp & Computat Sci Div, Res Lab, ATTN AMSRD ARL CI HC, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. [Hawa, Takumi; Zachariah, Michael] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Hawa, Takumi; Zachariah, Michael] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hawa, Takumi; Zachariah, Michael] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Henz, BJ (reprint author), USA, Adv Comp & Computat Sci Div, Res Lab, ATTN AMSRD ARL CI HC, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. EM brian.j.henz@us.army.mil NR 34 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7022 J9 MOL SIMULAT JI Mol. Simul. PY 2009 VL 35 IS 10-11 BP 804 EP 811 DI 10.1080/08927020902818021 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 494DM UT WOS:000269789900005 ER PT S AU Lieberman, IW Anderson, A Grafe, Z Campbell, B Kopf, D AF Lieberman, Ira W. Anderson, Anne Grafe, Zach Campbell, Bruce Kopf, Daniel BE Watkins, TA Hicks, K TI MICROFINANCE AND CAPITAL MARKETS: THE INITIAL LISTING/PUBLIC OFFERING OF FOUR LEADING INSTITUTIONS SO MOVING BEYOND STORYTELLING: EMERGING RESEARCH IN MICROFINANCE SE Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Lieberman, Ira W.] World Bank, Washington, DC USA. [Anderson, Anne] Lehigh Univ, Financial Serv Lab, Bethlehem, PA USA. [Anderson, Anne] USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC USA. [Grafe, Zach] New Mexico Community Capital, Investment Fund Team, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Grafe, Zach] ACCION New Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY, W YORKSHIRE BD16 1WA, ENGLAND SN 1569-3759 BN 978-1-84950-681-6 J9 CONTEMP STUD ECON FI PY 2009 VL 92 BP 31 EP 80 DI 10.1108/S1569-3759(2009)0000092005 PG 50 WC Economics; Public Administration; Social Issues SC Business & Economics; Public Administration; Social Issues GA BOE98 UT WOS:000276405700003 ER PT B AU DeCarlo, A Portny, J Tyler, S Xie, B Reddy, R Zhao, D AF DeCarlo, Andrew Portny, Jonathan Tyler, Sherman Xie, Bin Reddy, Ranga Zhao, David GP IEEE TI Distributed Trust Relationship and Polynomial Key Generation for IEEE 802.16m Networks SO MWS: 2009 IEEE MOBILE WIMAX SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Mobile WiMAX Symposium 2009 CY JUL 09-10, 2009 CL Napa, CA SP IEEE DE Dynamic networks; mobile routing; security vulnerabilities; network security; encryption/decryption AB Mobile Relay Stations (RSs) provide Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) networks with additional mobility, which extends network coverage and advances dynamic networking and ubiquitous computing. However, there are many unresolved security vulnerabilities in the current IEEE 802.16 standard, such as BS/RS spoofing. Additional measures are needed to ensure that each component in the network is a trusted entity, verified by a trusted server and accessible through secure private channels. We suggest a Distributed Trust Relationship (DTR) with Polynomial-based Key Generation as a way of mutually validating trustworthiness between network components and preventing compromised components from infecting the entire network. C1 [DeCarlo, Andrew; Portny, Jonathan; Tyler, Sherman] Infoscitex Corp, Littleton, MA 01460 USA. [Xie, Bin] InfoBeyond Technol LLC, Louisville, KY USA. [Reddy, Ranga; Zhao, David] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP DeCarlo, A (reprint author), Infoscitex Corp, Littleton, MA 01460 USA. EM adecarlo@infoscitex.com; jportny@infoscitex.com; styler@infoscitex.com; Bin.Xie@Computer.org; ranga.reddy@us.army.mil; david.zhao@us.army.mil FU US Army [W15P7T-08-C-F001] FX Funded under US Army contract W15P7T-08-C-F001. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3989-8 PY 2009 BP 111 EP + DI 10.1109/MWS.2009.18 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BNK22 UT WOS:000274786600022 ER PT S AU Chappell, MA AF Chappell, M. A. BE Linkov, I Steevens, J TI SOLID-PRASE CHARACTERISTICS OF ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES A Multi-dimensional Approach SO NANOMATERIALS: RISKS AND BENEFITS SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nanomaterials - Environmental Risk and Benefits CY APR 27-30, 2008 CL Faro, PORTUGAL SP NATO ID CARBON NANOTUBES; PHASE-STABILITY; SURFACE; WATER; CHARGE; TRANSFORMATION; SUSPENSIONS; REDUCTION; BIOSOLIDS; FE(II) AB The challenge associated with determining the environmental fate and risk of engineered nanomaterials lies in understanding the fundamentally associated solid-phase chemistry. The solid phase represents the most complex, most thermodynamically "powerful", yet the least understood phase among the three phases (solid, liquid, gas) commonly present in environmental systems. This difficulty is compounded by the fact that the nanoparticle size range represents a frontier field in itself in solid-phase chemistry, being the smallest size particles, close to the solid-phase - macromolecule boundary yet the most chemically reactive fraction in solid mixtures. This chapter contains a brief review of some important properties or characteristics of solid phase particles. These properties are presented theoretically as directed interactions among multiple linkages of any single property to another. Selected properties discussed in this chapter include particle charge, crystal structure, surface and bulk speciation, surface area, and adsorption phase composition. This discussion is presented in the context of solid-phase characteristics that influence nanoparticle dispersion stability and potential bioavailability by controlling particle size. C1 USA, ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39056 USA. RP Chappell, MA (reprint author), USA, ERDC, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39056 USA. EM Mark.a.chappell@usace.army.mil NR 32 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-1-4020-9489-7 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR PY 2009 BP 111 EP 124 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-9491-0_8 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BIV12 UT WOS:000262985800008 ER PT S AU Linkov, I Steevens, J Chappell, M Tervonen, T Figueira, JR Merad, M AF Linkov, I. Steevens, J. Chappell, M. Tervonen, T. Figueira, J. R. Merad, M. BE Linkov, I Steevens, J TI CLASSIFYING NANOMATERIAL RISKS USING MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS SO NANOMATERIALS: RISKS AND BENEFITS SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nanomaterials - Environmental Risk and Benefits CY APR 27-30, 2008 CL Faro, PORTUGAL SP NATO ID HEALTH IMPLICATIONS; QUANTUM DOTS; NANOPARTICLES; CYTOTOXICITY; MANAGEMENT; EXPOSURE; SIZE AB There is rapidly growing interest by regulatory agencies and stakeholders in the potential toxicity and other risks associated with nanomaterials throughout the different stages of the product life cycle (e.g., development, production, use and disposal). Risk assessment methods and tools developed and applied to chemical and biological material may not be readily adaptable for nanomaterials because of the current uncertainty in identifying the relevant physico-chemical and biological properties that adequately describe the materials. Such uncertainty is further driven by the substantial variations in the properties of the original material because of the variable manufacturing processes employed in nanomaterial production. To guide scientists and engineers in nanomaterial research and application as well as promote the safe use/handling of these materials, we propose a decision support system for classifying nanomaterials into different risk categories. The classification system is based on a set of performance metrics that measure both the toxicity and physico-chemical characteristics of the original materials, as well as the expected environmental impacts through the product life cycle. The stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA-TRI), a formal decision analysis method, was used as the foundation for this task. This method allowed us to cluster various nanomaterials in different risk categories based on our current knowledge of nanomaterial's physico-chemical characteristics, variation in produced material, and best professional judgement. SMAA-TRI uses Monte Carlo simulations to explore all feasible values for weights, criteria measurements, and other model parameters to assess the robustness of nanomaterial grouping for risk management purposes.1,2 C1 [Linkov, I.; Steevens, J.; Chappell, M.] US Army, Ctr Res & Dev, CEERD EP R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Tervonen, T.] Univ Groningen, Fac Econ & Business, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Figueira, J. R.] Univ Tech Lisbon, Ctr Management Studies, Inst Super Tech, CEG IST, P-2780 Oporto, Portugal. [Merad, M.] Accid Risk Div INERIS BP2, Societal Management Risk Unit, F-60550 Verneuil En Halatte, France. RP Linkov, I (reprint author), US Army, Ctr Res & Dev, CEERD EP R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM igor.linkov@usace.army.mil; t.p.tervonen@rug.nl; figueira@ist.utl.pt; myriam.merad@ineris.fr RI Figueira, Jose Rui/J-3194-2012 OI Figueira, Jose Rui/0000-0001-9822-1167 FU US Army Engineer Research and Development Center FX The studies described and the resulting data presented herein were obtained from research supported by the Environmental Quality Technology Program of the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (Dr. John Cullinane, Technical Director). NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-1-4020-9489-7 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2009 BP 179 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-9491-0_13 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BIV12 UT WOS:000262985800013 ER PT S AU Zukas, W Cabrera, C Harper, J Kunz, R Lyszczarz, T Parameswaran, L Rothschild, M Sennett, M Switkes, M Viswanath, H AF Zukas, Walter Cabrera, Catherine Harper, James Kunz, Roderick Lyszczarz, Theodore Parameswaran, Lalitha Rothschild, Mordechai Sennett, Michael Switkes, Michael Viswanath, Hema BE Nagarajan, R Zukas, W Hatton, TA Lee, S TI Assessment of Nanotechnology for Chemical Biological Defense SO NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 234th American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY AUG 17-19, 2007 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Colloid & Surface Chem ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; ENHANCED FLUORESCENCE; CONTRAST AGENTS; ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES; SEMICONDUCTING NANOTUBES; ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION; NANOSCALE BIOSENSORS; ELECTRICAL DETECTION; GRAPHITIC NANOTUBES AB Nanotechnology encompasses a broad and rapidly growing set of projects in basic research, applied research, early attempts at commercialization, and even mature technologies. A multidisciplinary team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory (MIT-LL) and the U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development, and Engineering Center (NSRDEC) was tasked by the Special Projects Office at the Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JSTO-CBD) to assess ongoing nanotechnology research efforts and commercial off-the-shelf nanotechnologies relevant to CBD, with particular emphasis on projected needs and technology gaps in the Protection, Detection, Decontamination, and Medical CBD capability areas. This broad-based assessment resulted in a list of recommended technologies to address these needs. This paper addresses the process utilized for the assessment and provides the technical detail for the recommended technologies. Early access to advanced CBD capabilities based on the unique properties of nanotechnology has high potential to provide significantly better performance than incremental improvements in current technology. C1 [Zukas, Walter; Sennett, Michael] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Zukas, W (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6981-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1016 BP 9 EP 22 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BVW58 UT WOS:000292990100002 ER PT S AU Sooter, LJ Stratis-Cullum, DN Zhang, YT Rice, JJ Ballew, JT Soh, HT Daugherty, PS Pellegrino, P Stagliano, N AF Sooter, Letha J. Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N. Zhang, Yanting Rice, Jeffrey J. Ballew, John T. Soh, Hyongsok T. Daugherty, Patrick S. Pellegrino, Paul Stagliano, Nancy BE Nagarajan, R Zukas, W Hatton, TA Lee, S TI Hand Held Biowarfare Assays Rapid Biowarfare Detection Using the Combined Attributes of Microfluidic in vitro Selections and Immunochromatographic Assays SO NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 234th American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY AUG 17-19, 2007 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Colloid & Surface Chem AB Immunochromatography is a rapid, reliable, and cost effective method of detecting biowarfare agents. Gold nanoparticles provide a visual indication of target presence. A fundamental limitation for this type of assay is the availability of molecular recognition elements (MRE's) which bind the target. Typical in vitro selection methods to produce the MRE's require weeks or months of work. To alleviate this problem, microfluidic sorting chips have been developed to rapidly screen for binders. C1 [Sooter, Letha J.; Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N.; Pellegrino, Paul] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sooter, LJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EO, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6981-1 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1016 BP 73 EP 83 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BVW58 UT WOS:000292990100006 ER EF