FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Craig, S Bui-Mansfield, LT Lusk, JD AF Craig, Steven Bui-Mansfield, Liem T. Lusk, Joanna D. TI Radiology pathology conference of Brooke Army Medical Center: trichoblastoma of breast SO CLINICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE Trichoblastoma; Breast mass; Mammography; Sonography; Ultrasound AB The differential diagnosis of a superficial breast lesion detected on mammography typically includes seborrheic keratosis, dermal nevus, epidermal inclusion cyst, and basal cell carcinoma with subcutaneous invasion [Kopans DB. Breast Imaging. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007; pp. 481-2]. The case presented is of a trichoblastoma of the superficial breast. Trichoblastoma is a benign skin neoplasm that is rarely found in the breast. It has not previously been described in the radiologic literature. This case describes and correlates the findings of trichoblastoma of the breast on mammography, sonography, and histology. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Craig, Steven; Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Lusk, Joanna D.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Craig, S (reprint author), 831 Tiger Lily, San Antonio, TX 78260 USA. EM steven.craig@amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0899-7071 J9 CLIN IMAG JI Clin. Imaging PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 33 IS 4 BP 311 EP 313 DI 10.1016/j.clinimag.2009.01.007 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 533GL UT WOS:000272811600010 PM 19559355 ER PT J AU Lentine, KL Schnitzler, MA Abbott, KC Bramesfeld, K Buchanan, PM Brennan, DC AF Lentine, Krista L. Schnitzler, Mark A. Abbott, Kevin C. Bramesfeld, Kosha Buchanan, Paula M. Brennan, Daniel C. TI Sensitivity of Billing Claims for Cardiovascular Disease Events among Kidney Transplant Recipients SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; UNITED-STATES; MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES; SURVEILLANCE; PREDICTORS; DIAGNOSIS; QUALITY; CARE AB Background and objectives: Billing claims are increasingly examined beyond administrative functions as outcomes measures in observational research. Few studies have described the performance of billing claims as surrogate measures of clinical events among kidney transplant recipients. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: We investigated the sensitivity of Medicare billing claims for clinically verified cardiovascular diagnoses (five categories) and procedures (four categories) in a novel database linking Medicare claims to electronic medical records of one transplant program. Cardiovascular events identified in medical records for 571 Medicare-insured transplant recipients in 1991 through 2002 served as reference measures. Results: Within a claims-ascertainment period spanning +/- 30 d of clinically recorded dates, aggregate sensitivity of single claims was higher for case definitions incorporating Medicare Parts A and B for diagnoses and procedures (90.9%) compared with either Part A (82.3%) or Part B (84.6%) alone. Perfect capture of the four procedures was possible within +/- 30 d or with short claims window expansion, but sensitivity for the diagnoses trended lower with all study algorithms (91.2% with window up to +/- 90 d). Requirement for additional confirmatory diagnosis claims did not appreciably reduce sensitivity. Sensitivity patterns were similar in the early compared with late periods of the study. Conclusions: Combined use of Medicare Parts A and B billing claims composes a sensitive measure of cardiovascular events after kidney transplant. Further research is needed to define algorithms that maximize specificity as well as sensitivity of claims from Medicare and other insurers as research measures in this population. Clin J Ain Soc Nephrol 4: 1213-1221, 2009. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00670109 C1 [Lentine, Krista L.; Schnitzler, Mark A.; Buchanan, Paula M.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Lentine, Krista L.; Schnitzler, Mark A.; Buchanan, Paula M.] St Louis Univ, Div Nephrol, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Bramesfeld, Kosha] St Louis Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Res Methodol, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Brennan, Daniel C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, St Louis, MO USA. [Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lentine, KL (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, Salus Ctr 2nd Floor,3545 Lafayette Ave, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. EM lentine.krista@stanfordalumni.org OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [K08DK073036, P30DK079333] FX Portions of data reported here have been supplied by the US Renal Data System. NR 31 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-9041 J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 4 IS 7 BP 1213 EP 1221 DI 10.2215/CJN.00670109 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 466WC UT WOS:000267693400012 PM 19541817 ER PT J AU Straight, TM AF Straight, Timothy M. TI Clinical research regulation: challenges to the institutional review board system SO CLINICS IN DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The system in place to ensure the ethical conduct of human subject research in accordance with federal regulations has drawn great criticism from all sides, to include clinical investigators. administrators, research subjects, and legislators. The administrative requirements associated with clinical trials has changed dramatically in the last several decades, as has the complexity of-the science being regulated. The institutional review board (IRB) system, however, appears to be struggling to keep pace, and has even been labeled a "system in jeopardy" by a national committee of experts. This contribution outlines the Current obstacles and critique of IRBs, providing a discussion of the structure of the IRB system and strategies to meet these challenges. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. RP Straight, TM (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. EM timothy.straight@amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0738-081X J9 CLIN DERMATOL JI Clin. Dermatol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 27 IS 4 BP 375 EP 383 DI 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.02.012 PG 9 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 464PG UT WOS:000267517000011 PM 19539166 ER PT J AU Salazar, KC Nelson, MR Stone, KD AF Salazar, Kimberly C. Nelson, Michael R. Stone, Kelly D. TI A 42-year-old woman with chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic mucin SO CURRENT ALLERGY AND ASTHMA REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID FUNGAL SINUSITIS; MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; HUMAN EOSINOPHILS; NASAL POLYPOSIS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; DIAGNOSIS C1 [Salazar, Kimberly C.; Nelson, Michael R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Stone, Kelly D.] NIAID, Lab Allerg Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Nelson, MR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Allergy & Immunol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kimberly.salazar@amedd.army.mil; Michael.Nelson@amedd.army.mil; stonek@niaid.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CURRENT MEDICINE GROUP PI PHILADELPHIA PA 400 MARKET STREET, STE 700, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1529-7322 J9 CURR ALLERGY ASTHM R JI Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 9 IS 4 BP 255 EP 259 DI 10.1007/s11882-009-0047-9 PG 5 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 474PM UT WOS:000268296400001 PM 19656469 ER PT J AU Liu, EH Digon, BJ Hirshberg, B Chang, R Wood, BJ Neeman, Z Kam, A Wesley, RA Polly, SM Hofmann, RM Rother, KI Harlan, DM AF Liu, E. H. Digon, B. J., III Hirshberg, B. Chang, R. Wood, B. J. Neeman, Z. Kam, A. Wesley, R. A. Polly, S. M. Hofmann, R. M. Rother, K. I. Harlan, D. M. TI Pancreatic beta cell function persists in many patients with chronic type 1 diabetes, but is not dramatically improved by prolonged immunosuppression and euglycaemia from a beta cell allograft SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Beta cell regeneration; C-peptide; Islet transplantation; Pancreas transplantation; Type 1 diabetes ID T-CELLS; MELLITUS; REGENERATION; HUMANS; GROWTH; AUTOIMMUNITY; ANTIBODIES; TURNOVER; ADULT; ONSET AB We measured serum C-peptide (at least 0.167 nmol/l) in 54 of 141 (38%) patients with chronic type 1 diabetes and sought factors that might differentiate those with detectable C-peptide from those without it. Finding no differences, and in view of the persistent anti-beta cell autoimmunity in such patients, we speculated that the immunosuppression (to weaken autoimmune attack) and euglycaemia accompanying transplant-based treatments of type 1 diabetes might promote recovery of native pancreatic beta cell function. We performed arginine stimulation tests in three islet transplant and four whole-pancreas transplant recipients, and measured stimulated C-peptide in select venous sampling sites. On the basis of each sampling site's C-peptide concentration and kinetics, we differentiated insulin secreted from the individual's native pancreatic beta cells and that secreted from allografted beta cells. Selective venous sampling demonstrated that despite long-standing type 1 diabetes, all seven beta cell allograft recipients displayed evidence that their native pancreas secreted C-peptide. Yet even if chronic immunosuppression coupled with near normal glycaemia did improve native pancreatic C-peptide production, the magnitude of the effect was quite small. Some native pancreatic beta cell function persists even years after disease onset in most type 1 diabetic patients. However, if prolonged euglycaemia plus anti-rejection immunosuppressive therapy improves native pancreatic insulin production, the effect in our participants was small. We may have underestimated pancreatic regenerative capacity by studying only a limited number of participants or by creating conditions (e.g. high circulating insulin concentrations or immunosuppressive agents toxic to beta cells) that impair beta cell function. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00246844 and NCT00006505. C1 [Liu, E. H.; Digon, B. J., III; Hirshberg, B.; Rother, K. I.; Harlan, D. M.] NIDDKD, Diabet Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Chang, R.; Wood, B. J.; Neeman, Z.; Kam, A.] NIH, Ctr Clin, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wesley, R. A.] NIH, Ctr Clin, Off Director, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Polly, S. M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Hofmann, R. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Harlan, DM (reprint author), NIDDKD, Diabet Branch, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1453,CRC 5W-5940, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM davidmh@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural Research Program of the NIDDK/NIH; Clinical Center/NIH FX The authors would like to thank J. Jesson for her help in the pancreas transplant sampling protocol. We also would like to thank P. Swanson and T. Wakefield for their help in protocol preparation and management, and J. Lee, F. Leopardi and P. Brooks for their assistance in obtaining and processing of samples. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIDDK/NIH and the Clinical Center/NIH. NR 48 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X EI 1432-0428 J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD JUL PY 2009 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1369 EP 1380 DI 10.1007/s00125-009-1342-7 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 451UI UT WOS:000266496000021 PM 19418039 ER PT J AU Arrieta, DE McCurdy, SA Henderson, JD Lefkowitz, LJ Reitstetter, R Wilson, BW AF Arrieta, Daniel E. McCurdy, Stephen A. Henderson, John D. Lefkowitz, Lee J. Reitstetter, Raven Wilson, Barry W. TI Normal range of human red blood cell acetylcholinesterase activity SO DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acetylcholinesterase; human; red blood cell ID CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; PLASMA AB The normal range of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (RBC-AChE) activity is important when monitoring exposure to pesticides and chemical warfare agents. A modification of Michel's method measured RBC-AChE activities from 991 individuals (818 males and 173 females) presumably unexposed to nerve agents. Median age was 42 (range, 18-76) years. RBC-AChE (mean +/- SD) was 0.74 +/- 0.06 delta pH units/hour. Multivariate linear regression showed an association with age (slope +0.0008 delta pH units/hour for each year; P<0.001) unlikely to be clinically significant. The findings represent the largest study of human RBC-AChE to date providing measures of central tendency and variation. C1 [Arrieta, Daniel E.; Henderson, John D.; Wilson, Barry W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Arrieta, Daniel E.; Henderson, John D.; Wilson, Barry W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McCurdy, Stephen A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McCurdy, Stephen A.] Western Ctr Agr Hlth & Safety, Davis, CA USA. [Lefkowitz, Lee J.; Reitstetter, Raven] USA, Ctr Human Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Wilson, BW (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. OI Reitstetter, Raven/0000-0002-7466-9781 FU USAMRMC [DAMD17-01-1-0772]; Western Center for Agricultural Health and Safety (NIOSH Cooperative Agreement) [U07/CCU906162]; Center for Environmental Health Sciences [P30-ES-05707] FX The authors thank USACHPPM for providing the delta pH measurements and demographic information. This work was supported by USAMRMC (DAMD17-01-1-0772), Western Center for Agricultural Health and Safety (NIOSH Cooperative Agreement U07/CCU906162), and the Center for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS Center Grant P30-ES-05707). Data were presented, in part, by Daniel E. Arrieta for partial completion of the PhD in pharmacology and toxicology (UCD). The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0148-0545 J9 DRUG CHEM TOXICOL JI Drug Chem. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 32 IS 3 BP 182 EP 185 DI 10.1080/01480540902863440 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 478GI UT WOS:000268575400002 PM 19538013 ER PT J AU Howells, CA AF Howells, Christopher A. TI Piezoelectric energy harvesting SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE AC-DC power conversion; Energy conversion; Generators; Piezoelectric transducers; PZT ceramics AB Piezoelectric materials can be used to convert oscillatory mechanical energy into electrical energy. This technology, together with innovative mechanical coupling designs, can form the basis for harvesting energy from mechanical motion. Piezoelectric energy can be harvested to convert walking motion from the human body into electrical power. Recently four proof-of-concept Heel Strike Units were developed where each unit is essentially a small electric generator that utilizes piezoelectric elements to convert mechanical motion into electrical power in the form factor of the heel of a boot. The results of the testing and evaluation and the performance of this small electric generator are presented. The generator's conversion of mechanical motion into electrical power, the processes it goes through to produce useable power and commercial applications of the Heel Strike electric generator are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Power Technol Branch, CERDEC, C2D, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Howells, CA (reprint author), USA, Power Technol Branch, CERDEC, C2D, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM christopher.howells@us.army.mil NR 1 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0196-8904 J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE JI Energy Conv. Manag. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 50 IS 7 BP 1847 EP 1850 DI 10.1016/j.enconman.2009.02.020 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics GA 457CK UT WOS:000266902900027 ER PT J AU Urso, ML Pierce, JR Alemany, JA Harman, EA Nindl, BC AF Urso, Maria L. Pierce, Joseph R. Alemany, Joseph A. Harman, Everett A. Nindl, Bradley C. TI Effects of exercise training on the matrix metalloprotease response to acute exercise SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Performance; Aerobic exercise; Adaptation; Resistance training ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GROWTH-FACTOR; CIRCULATING LEVELS; TISSUE INHIBITORS; COLLAGEN; EXPRESSION; MARKERS; HUMANS; AND-9 AB Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in the circulation are thought to modulate the activation of growth factors, cytokines, and angiogenesis, facilitating physiological adaptations to exercise training. The purpose of this work was to characterize serum MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 concentrations pre- and post-eight weeks of exercise training. We tested the hypothesis that exercise training would influence serum MMP concentrations in response to an acute resistance exercise test (ARET). Participants were randomized into an 8-week training program (5 days per week) that emphasized callisthenic (CT, N = 8) or resistance (RT, N = 8) exercise. Serum MMP concentrations (MMP-1, -2, -3, -9) were assessed in men (N = 16) in response to an acute bout of high-intensity resistance exercise (six sets of 10-RM squats with 2-min inter-set rest periods) both before and after 8 weeks of training. Training resulted in a temporal shift in the peak MMP-1 concentration from post-ARET to mid-ARET in both groups. Post-training, MMP-9 concentrations were increased immediately after the ARET in the CT group as compared to pre-training ARET concentrations. RT did not alter MMP-3 and -9 concentrations. These data suggest that the mode of exercise training influences the MMP response to an acute bout of exercise, revealing a possible role of MMPs in initiating training-specific adaptations. C1 [Urso, Maria L.; Pierce, Joseph R.; Alemany, Joseph A.; Harman, Everett A.; Nindl, Bradley C.] USA, Mil Performance Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Urso, ML (reprint author), USA, Mil Performance Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Bldg 42,Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM maria.urso@us.army.mil OI Urso, Maria/0000-0001-8906-4673 NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 106 IS 5 BP 655 EP 663 DI 10.1007/s00421-009-1063-0 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 466KS UT WOS:000267661700002 PM 19404671 ER PT J AU George, SZ Teyhen, DS Wu, SS Wright, AC Dugan, JL Yang, GJ Robinson, ME Childs, JD AF George, Steven Z. Teyhen, Deydre S. Wu, Samuel S. Wright, Alison C. Dugan, Jessica L. Yang, Guijun Robinson, Michael E. Childs, John D. TI Psychosocial education improves low back pain beliefs: results from a cluster randomized clinical trial (NCT00373009) in a primary prevention setting SO EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Primary prevention; Patient education; Biopsychosocial; Public health ID BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY; MEDIA CAMPAIGN; PRIMARY-CARE; QUESTIONNAIRE-III; FEAR-AVOIDANCE; HEALTH-CARE; SHORT-FORM; INTERVENTION; POPULATION; VALIDITY AB The general population has a pessimistic view of low back pain (LBP), and evidence-based information has been used to positively influence LBP beliefs in previously reported mass media studies. However, there is a lack of randomized trials investigating whether LBP beliefs can be modified in primary prevention settings. This cluster randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of an evidence-based psychosocial educational program (PSEP) on LBP beliefs for soldiers completing military training. A military setting was selected for this clinical trial, because LBP is a common cause of soldier disability. Companies of soldiers (n = 3,792) were recruited, and cluster randomized to receive a PSEP or no education (control group, CG). The PSEP consisted of an interactive seminar, and soldiers were issued the Back Book for reference material. The primary outcome measure was the back beliefs questionnaire (BBQ), which assesses inevitable consequences of and ability to cope with LBP. The BBQ was administered before randomization and 12 weeks later. A linear mixed model was fitted for the BBQ at the 12-week follow-up, and a generalized linear mixed model was fitted for the dichotomous outcomes on BBQ change of greater than two points. Sensitivity analyses were performed to account for drop out. BBQ scores (potential range: 9-45) improved significantly from baseline of 25.6 +/- A 5.7 (mean +/- A SD) to 26.9 +/- A 6.2 for those receiving the PSEP, while there was a significant decline from 26.1 +/- A 5.7 to 25.6 +/- A 6.0 for those in the CG. The adjusted mean BBQ score at follow-up for those receiving the PSEP was 1.49 points higher than those in the CG (P < 0.0001). The adjusted odds ratio of BBQ improvement of greater than two points for those receiving the PSEP was 1.51 (95% CI = 1.22-1.86) times that of those in the CG. BBQ improvement was also mildly associated with race and college education. Sensitivity analyses suggested minimal influence of drop out. In conclusion, soldiers that received the PSEP had an improvement in their beliefs related to the inevitable consequences of and ability to cope with LBP. This is the first randomized trial to show positive influence on LBP beliefs in a primary prevention setting, and these findings have potentially important public health implications for prevention of LBP. C1 [George, Steven Z.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys Therapy, Brooks Ctr Rehabil Studies, Ctr Pain Res & Behav Hlth, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Teyhen, Deydre S.; Wright, Alison C.; Dugan, Jessica L.; Childs, John D.] Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy MCCS HGE PT, Army Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Wu, Samuel S.; Yang, Guijun] Univ Florida, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Policy Res, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Yang, Guijun] Tianjin Univ Finance & Econ, Dept Stat, Tianjin, Peoples R China. [Robinson, Michael E.] Univ Florida, Dept Clin & Hlth Psychol, Ctr Pain Res & Behav Hlth, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP George, SZ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Phys Therapy, Brooks Ctr Rehabil Studies, Ctr Pain Res & Behav Hlth, POB 100154, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM szgeorge@phhp.ufl.edu FU Department of Defense [PR054098] FX SZG, JDC, DST, SSW, ACW, JLD, and MER were supported by the peer- review medical research program of the Department of Defense (PR054098). Christopher Barnes, Erik Henrikson, and Yang Li were responsible for the creation and management of the database. Donna Cunningham provided administrative assistance during this phase of the study. The institutional review boards at the Brooke Army Medical Center (Fort Sam Houston, Texas) and the University of Florida (Gainesville, FL) granted approval for this project. NR 44 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0940-6719 J9 EUR SPINE J JI Eur. Spine J. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1050 EP 1058 DI 10.1007/s00586-009-1016-7 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 469KE UT WOS:000267895900016 PM 19418075 ER PT J AU Iorio, RM Melanson, VR Mahon, PJ AF Iorio, Ronald M. Melanson, Vanessa R. Mahon, Paul J. TI Glycoprotein interactions in paramyxovirus fusion SO FUTURE VIROLOGY LA English DT Review DE attachment protein; fusion protein; glycoprotein interaction; membrane fusion; paramyxovirus; receptor binding ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ-NEURAMINIDASE PROTEIN; EMERGENT DEADLY PARAMYXOVIRUS; AMINO-ACID SUBSTITUTIONS; RECEPTOR-BINDING SITE; F-SPECIFIC DOMAIN; MEASLES-VIRUS; PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS; MEMBRANE-FUSION; HENDRA-VIRUS AB The Paramyxoviridae are enveloped, negative-stranded RNA viruses, some of which recognize sialic acid-containing receptors, while others recognize specific proteinaceous receptors, The major cytopathic effect of paramyxovirus infection is membrane fusion-induced syncytium formation. Paramyxoviruses are unusual in that the receptor-binding and fusion-promoting activities reside on two different spike structures, the attachment and fusion glycoproteins, respectively. For most paramyxoviruses, this distribution of functions requires a mechanism by which the two processes can be linked for the promotion of fusion. This is accomplished by a virus-specific interaction between the two proteins, An increasing body of evidence supports the notion that members of this family of viruses utilize this glycoprotein interaction in different ways in order to mediate the regulation of the fusion protein activation, depending on the type of receptor utilized by the virus. C1 [Iorio, Ronald M.; Mahon, Paul J.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Iorio, Ronald M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Program Immunol & Virol, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Melanson, Vanessa R.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Iorio, RM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM ronald.iorio@umassmed.edu; vanessa.melanson@us.army.mil; pmahon@assumption.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI049268-08, U19 AI057319, R56 AI049268, R01 AI049268] NR 92 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 5 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0794 J9 FUTURE VIROL JI Future Virol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 4 IS 4 BP 335 EP 351 DI 10.2217/FVL.09.17 PG 17 WC Virology SC Virology GA 472HA UT WOS:000268120000010 PM 20161127 ER PT J AU Butler, LK Bisson, IA Hayden, TJ Wikelski, M Romero, LM AF Butler, Luke K. Bisson, Isabelle-Anne Hayden, Timothy J. Wikelski, Martin Romero, L. Michael TI Adrenocortical responses to offspring-directed threats in two open-nesting birds SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chronic stress; Corticosterone; Parental care; Nest predation; Stress response ID STONECHATS SAXICOLA-TORQUATA; BLACK-CAPPED VIREO; EXTINCTION RISK; CHRONIC STRESS; CORTICOSTERONE RESPONSES; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; MAGELLANIC PENGUINS; HORMONAL RESPONSES; BREEDING SUCCESS; SEASONAL-CHANGES AB Dependent young are often easy targets for predators, so for many parent vertebrates, responding to offspring-directed threats is a fundamental part of reproduction. We tested the parental adrenocortical response of the endangered black-capped vireo (Vireo atricapilla) and the common white-eyed vireo ( Vireo griseus) to acute and chronic threats to their offspring. Like many open-nesting birds, our study species experience high offspring mortality. Parents responded behaviorally to a predator decoy or human 1 2 m from their nests, but, in contrast to similar studies of cavity-nesting birds, neither these acute threats nor chronic offspring-directed threats altered plasma corticosterone concentrations of parents. Although parents in this study showed no corticosterone response to offspring-directed threats, they always increased corticosterone concentrations in response to capture. To explain these results, we propose that parents perceive their risk of nest-associated death differently depending on nest type, with cavity-nesting adults perceiving greater risk to themselves than open-nesters that can readily detect and escape from offspring-directed threats. Our results agree with previous studies suggesting that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, a major physiological mechanism for coping with threats to survival, probably plays no role in coping with threats to offspring when risks to parents and offspring are not correlated. We extend that paradigm by demonstrating that nest style may influence how adults perceive the correlation between offspring-directed and self-directed threats. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Butler, Luke K.; Romero, L. Michael] Tufts Univ, Dept Biol, Medford, MA 02115 USA. [Bisson, Isabelle-Anne; Wikelski, Martin] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Hayden, Timothy J.] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Butler, LK (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Biol, 163 Packard Ave, Medford, MA 02115 USA. EM luke.butler@tufts.edu FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [1396] FX J. Barry, J. Brown, B. Cook, L. Duda, E. Fergus, C. Gallagher, E. Gil, J. Grainger, S. Lovell, and M. Vinson assisted with field experiments. M. Dickens and N. Cyr assisted with assays, and J. Reed assisted with statistical analyses. This project was funded by Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program Grant 1396, but does not necessarily reflect the position or views of the U.S. Government. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 162 IS 3 BP 313 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.04.008 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 454VJ UT WOS:000266710700011 PM 19371744 ER PT J AU Harrison, S Brunt, E Neuschwander-Tetri, B AF Harrison, Stephen Brunt, Elizabeth Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent TI Orlistat for Overweight Subjects with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Reply SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Harrison, Stephen] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Brunt, Elizabeth] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO USA. [Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent] St Louis Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. RP Harrison, S (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JUL PY 2009 VL 50 IS 1 BP 321 EP 322 DI 10.1002/hep.23017 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 465RW UT WOS:000267605500037 ER PT J AU Shi, M Bar-Ness, Y Su, W AF Shi, Miao Bar-Ness, Yeheskel Su, Wei TI Revisiting the Timing and Frequency Offset Estimation Based on Cyclostationarity with New Improved Method SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Blind synchronization; timing offset; frequency offset; second order Cyclostationarity; communication signal; OFDM ID FLAT-FADING CHANNELS; RECOVERY AB Timing and frequency offset estimation based on the second order cyclostationarity have been explored in many literatures [1]-[9]. In this article, we revisit the class of these estimators and propose for both single carrier and OFDM systems, a new method for timing and frequency offset estimation. Different from the previous methods, here, the estimation of timing and frequency offset process are independent of each other. Thus it does not introduce propagation error which is inherent in most of the estimators proposed so far and has an improved performance. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify the results. C1 [Shi, Miao; Bar-Ness, Yeheskel] Univ Hts, ECE Dept, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Su, Wei] USA, CECOM, Washington, DC USA. RP Shi, M (reprint author), Univ Hts, ECE Dept, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM ms398@njit.edu NR 10 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1089-7798 J9 IEEE COMMUN LETT JI IEEE Commun. Lett. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 13 IS 7 BP 537 EP 539 DI 10.1109/LCOMM.2009.090149 PG 3 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA 468RB UT WOS:000267836500025 ER PT J AU Veliadis, V Hearne, H Stewart, EJ Ha, HC Snook, M McNutt, T Howell, R Lelis, A Scozzie, C AF Veliadis, Victor Hearne, Harold Stewart, Eric J. Ha, H. C. Snook, Megan McNutt, Ty Howell, Robert Lelis, Aivars Scozzie, Charles TI Investigation of the Suitability of 1200-V Normally-Off Recessed-Implanted-Gate SiC VJFETs for Efficient Power-Switching Applications SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Current gain; enhancement mode; JFET; normally-off (N-OFF); vertical channel; 1200 V; 4H-SiC ID JFETS AB A recessed-implanted-gate (RIG) 1290-V normally-off (N-OFF) 4H-SiC vertical-channel JFET (VJFET), fabricated with a single masked ion implantation and no epitaxial regrowth, is evaluated for efficient power conditioning applications. The relationship between the VJFET's ON-state resistance and current gain is elucidated. Under high-current-gain operation, which is required for efficient power switching, the 1200-V N-OFF (enhancement mode) VJFET exhibits a prohibitively high ON-state resistance. Comparison with, 1200-V normally-on VJFETs, fabricated on the same wafer, confirms experimentally that the strong gate-depletion-region overlap required for 1200-V N-OFF blocking is the principal contributor to the prohibitively high specific ON-state resistance observed under high-current-gain VJFET operation. Perfecting the 1200-V edge termination structure, which can reduce the theoretical drift specific ON-state resistance from 2.2 to 1.5 m Omega center dot cm(2), has a negligible impact in decreasing the channel-dominated 1200-V N-OFF VJFET resistance. The RIG VJFET channel-region optimization simulations (assuming a single commercial implantation and no epitaxial regrowth) revealed that, although aggressively increasing channel doping,lowers the resistance, the corresponding reduction in the source mesa width can prohibitively limit manufacturabitity. C1 [Veliadis, Victor; Hearne, Harold; Stewart, Eric J.; Ha, H. C.; Snook, Megan; McNutt, Ty; Howell, Robert] Northrop Grumman Adv Technol Lab, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. [Lelis, Aivars; Scozzie, Charles] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Veliadis, V (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Adv Technol Lab, Linthicum, MD 21090 USA. EM victor.veliadis@ngc.com; harold.hearne@ngc.com; eric.j.stewart@ngc.com; megan.snook@ngc.com; ty.mcnutt@ngc.com; rs.howell@ngc.com; alelis@arl.army.mil; sscozzie@arl.army.mil FU Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-06-2-0002] FX Manuscript received March 26, 2009; revised April 3, 2009. First published June 2, 2009; current version published June 26,2009. This work was supported by the Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement W911NF-06-2-0002. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. The review of this letter was arranged by Editor S.-H. Ryu. NR 13 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 EI 1558-0563 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 30 IS 7 BP 736 EP 738 DI 10.1109/LED.2009.2021491 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 465SQ UT WOS:000267607900013 ER PT J AU Williams, DP Myers, V Silvious, MS AF Williams, David P. Myers, Vincent Silvious, Miranda Schatten TI Mine Classification With Imbalanced Data SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Classification; imbalanced data; land mines; logistic regression (LR); mine detection; radar; sonar; underwater mines ID UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE; ALGORITHM AB In many remote-sensing classification problems, the number of targets (e.g., mines) present is very small compared with the number of clutter objects. Traditional classification approaches usually ignore this class imbalance, causing performance to suffer accordingly. In contrast, the recently developed infinitely imbalanced logistic regression (IILR) algorithm explicitly addresses class imbalance in its formulation. We describe this algorithm and give the details necessary to employ it for remote-sensing data sets that are characterized by class imbalance. The method is applied to the problem of mine classification on three real measured data sets. Specifically, classification performance using the IILR algorithm is shown to exceed that of a standard logistic regression approach on two land-mine data sets collected with a ground-penetrating radar and on one underwater-mine data set collected with a sidescan sonar. C1 [Williams, David P.] NATO Undersea Res Ctr, I-19126 La Spezia, Italy. [Myers, Vincent] Def R&D Canada, Halifax, NS B2Y 3Z7, Canada. [Silvious, Miranda Schatten] USA, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Williams, DP (reprint author), NATO Undersea Res Ctr, I-19126 La Spezia, Italy. EM williams@nurc.nato.int; vincent.myers@drdc-rddc.gc.ca; miranda.silvious@us.army.mil NR 12 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 6 IS 3 BP 528 EP 532 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2009.2021964 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 467TE UT WOS:000267764800035 ER PT J AU Pratt, T Walkenhorst, B Nguyen, S AF Pratt, Thomas Walkenhorst, Brett Nguyen, Son TI Adaptive Polarization Transmission of OFDM Signals in Channels with Polarization Mode Dispersion and Polarization-Dependent Loss SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Wireless communications; adaptive transmission; polarization; OFDM AB A 2x2 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) architecture using dual-polarized antennas (DPAs) is considered with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The performance of DPAs is evaluated for adaptive polarization (AP) transmission techniques in time-varying multipath channels impaired by polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and polarization-dependent loss (PDL). AP transmission techniques considered include power gain maximization, polarization dispersion minimization for interference avoidance, polarization multiplexing with waterfilling, and a suboptimal multiplexing strategy that enables direct recovery of the polarization multiplexed streams, thereby simplifying the design of the receiver. Measured time-varying dual-polarized channel realizations from mobile-to-mobile experiments are used to estimate the capacity, diversity, and interference avoidance performance of the adaptive approaches. C1 [Pratt, Thomas] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Elect Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Walkenhorst, Brett] Georgia Tech Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nguyen, Son] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Pratt, T (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Elect Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM thomas.pratt@nd.edu NR 14 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1276 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 8 IS 7 BP 3354 EP 3359 DI 10.1109/TWC.2009.080089 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 472CS UT WOS:000268107400008 ER PT J AU Lai, HQ Ibrahim, AS Liu, KJR AF Lai, Hung-Quoc Ibrahim, Ahmed S. Liu, K. J. Ray TI Wireless Network Cocast: Location-Aware Cooperative Communications with Linear Network Coding SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Location-aware; cooperative communication; incremental diversity; cocast; amplify-and-forward; decode-and-forward; multiuser detection ID PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS; DIVERSITY; PROTOCOLS AB In wireless networks, reducing aggregate transmit power and in many cases, having even power distribution increase the network lifetime. Conventional direct transmission (DTX) scheme results in high aggregate transmit power and uneven power distribution. In this paper, we consider location-aware cooperation-based schemes namely immediate-neighbor cooperation (INC), maximal cooperation (NIAX), and wireless network cocast (WNC) that achieve spatial diversity to reduce aggregate transmit power and even power distribution. INC utilizes two-user cooperative communication, resulting in good reduction of aggregate transmit power and low transmission delay; however, power distribution is still uneven. MAX utilizes multi-node cooperative communication, providing incremental diversity to achieve even power distribution and substantial reduction in aggregate transmit power. Transmission delay in MAX, however, grows quadratically with network sizes. As a result, the novel WNC is proposed to achieve incremental diversity as in MAX and low transmission delay as in INC. In WNC, mobile units acting as relays form unique linearly-coded signals from overheard signals and transmit them to the destination, where a multiuser detector jointly detects the symbols from all received signals. Performance evaluation in uniformly distributed networks shows that INC, MAX, and WNC substantially reduce aggregate transmit power while MAX and WNC also provide even power distribution. C1 [Lai, Hung-Quoc] USA, RDECOM CERDEC, AMSRD CER ST WL NS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Ibrahim, Ahmed S.] Chalmers, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Liu, K. J. Ray] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Lai, HQ (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC, AMSRD CER ST WL NS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM hungquoc.lai@us.army.mil; asibrahim@gmail.com; kjrliu@umd.edu RI Liu, K. J. Ray/C-2798-2009 NR 20 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1276 J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 8 IS 7 BP 3844 EP 3854 DI 10.1109/TWC.2009.081456 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 472CS UT WOS:000268107400065 ER PT J AU Sathitsuksanoh, N Zhu, ZG Templeton, N Rollin, JA Harvey, SP Zhang, YHP AF Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon Zhu, Zhiguang Templeton, Neil Rollin, Joseph A. Harvey, Steven P. Zhang, Y-H. Percival TI Saccharification of a Potential Bioenergy Crop, Phragmites australis (Common Reed), by Lignocellulose Fractionation Followed by Enzymatic Hydrolysis at Decreased Cellulase Loadings SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DILUTE-SULFURIC-ACID; CORN STOVER; CONSTRUCTED WETLAND; ADSORPTION; PRETREATMENT; ETHANOL; REMOVAL; SOLIDS; YIELDS; PILOT AB Cost-effective biological saccharification of nonfood lignocellulosic biomass is vital to the establishment of a carbohydrate economy. Phragmites australis (common reed) is regarded as an invasive perennial weed with a productivity of up to 18-28 tons of dry weight per acre per year. We applied the cellulose solvent- and organic solvent-based lignocellulose fractionation (COSLIF) to the stems and leaves of Phragmites and optimized the pretreatment conditions (e.g., temperature, reaction time, and biomass moisture content) through response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal pretreatment conditions were 85% (w/v) H(3)PO(4), 50 degrees C, and 60 min, regardless of the biomass moisture contents from 5-15% (w/w). Glucan digestibility of the COSLIF-pretreated common reed was 90% at hour 24 at a low cellulase loading (5 filter paper units and 10 beta-glucosidase units per gram of glucan). Under these conditions, the overall sugar yields were 88% for glucose and 71% for xylose, respectively. Cellulose accessibility to cellulase (CAC) was increased 93.6-fold from 0.14 +/- 0.035 to 13.1 +/- 1.1 m(2) per gram of biomass with the COSLIF pretreatment. Results showed that cellulase concentrations could be reduced by 3-fold with only a slight reduction in sugar yield. This study suggested that Phragmites could be used as a carbon-neutral bioenergy feedstock, while its harvesting could help control its invasive growth and decrease nutrient pollution in adjacent waterways. C1 [Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon; Zhu, Zhiguang; Templeton, Neil; Rollin, Joseph A.; Zhang, Y-H. Percival] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Sathitsuksanoh, Noppadon; Zhang, Y-H. Percival] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, ICTAS, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Harvey, Steven P.] USA, ECBC, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Zhang, Y-H. Percival] DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Zhang, YHP (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 210-A Seitz Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ypzhang@vt.edu RI sathitsuksanoh, noppadon/O-6305-2014; Zhu, Zhiguang/I-3936-2016 OI sathitsuksanoh, noppadon/0000-0003-1521-9155; FU DOD [W911SR-08-P-0021]; USDA-sponsored Bioprocessing and Biodesign Center,; DOE BioEnergy Science Center (BESC); ICTAS; NSF REU program; Novozymes North American FX This work was supported mainly by a DOD grant (W911SR-08-P-0021), and partially by the USDA-sponsored Bioprocessing and Biodesign Center, and the DOE BioEnergy Science Center (BESC). INS was partially supported by the ICTAS scholar program. NT was supported by the NSF REU program. The authors are grateful for the free cellulase samples provided from Novozymes North American. NR 30 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 13 BP 6441 EP 6447 DI 10.1021/ie900291s PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 462TK UT WOS:000267379300058 ER PT J AU Wang, X Gazonas, GA Santare, MH AF Wang, Xu Gazonas, George A. Santare, Michael H. TI On the effective electroelastic properties of microcracked generally anisotropic solids SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE Non-interaction approximation; Effective properties; Microcracks; Elastic material; Piezoelectric material ID EFFECTIVE ELASTIC PROPERTIES; EFFECTIVE MODULI; ALIGNED CRACKS; BREAKDOWN; CERAMICS AB In this study we first obtain the explicit expressions for the 15 effective reduced elastic compliances of an elastically anisotropic solid containing multiple microcracks with an arbitrary degree of alignment under two-dimensional deformations within the framework of the non-interaction approximation (NIA). Under special situations, our results can reduce to the classical ones derived by Bristow (J Appl Phys 11: 81-85, 1960), and Mauge and Kachanov (J Mech Phys Solids 42(4): 561-584, 1994). Some interesting phenomena are also observed. For example, when the undamaged solid is orthotropic, the effective in-plane shear modulus is dependent on the degree of the crack alignment. The NIA method is then extended to obtain the effective electroelastic properties of an anisotropic piezoelectric solid containing two-dimensional insulating, permeable or conducting microcracks with an arbitrary degree of alignment. We also derive a set of fifteen coupled nonlinear equations for the unknown effective reduced elastic compliances of a microcracked, anisotropic, elastic solid by using the generalized self-consistent method (GSCM). The set of coupled nonlinear equations can be solved through iteration. C1 [Gazonas, George A.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. [Wang, Xu; Santare, Michael H.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Wang, Xu; Santare, Michael H.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Gazonas, GA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. EM gazonas@arl.army.mil RI Santare, Michael/B-1725-2008; OI Gazonas, George/0000-0002-2715-016X FU University of Delaware FX The authors wish to thank the two referees for their comments and suggestions on revising the initial manuscript. This research was supported by the United States Army Research Laboratory through the Composite Materials Technology cooperative agreement with the Center for Composite Materials at the University of Delaware. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 158 IS 1 BP 27 EP 40 DI 10.1007/s10704-009-9363-2 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 481EE UT WOS:000268789400003 ER PT J AU Booker, PM Cargile, JD Kistler, BL La Saponara, V AF Booker, Paul M. Cargile, James D. Kistler, Bruce L. La Saponara, Valeria TI Investigation on the response of segmented concrete targets to projectile impacts SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Penetration; Projectile; Monolithic; Segmented; Target; Deceleration-time ID REINFORCED-CONCRETE; PENETRATION; PERFORATION; SLABS; DECELERATION; PLATES AB The study of penetrator performance without free-surface effects can require prohibitively large monolithic targets. One alternative to monolithic targets is to use segmented targets made by stacking multiple concrete slabs in series. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the performance of segmented concrete targets. Six experiments were Carried Out on available small scale segmented and monolithic targets using instrumented projectiles. In all but One experiment using stacked slabs, the gap between slabs remained open. In the final experiment design, grout was inserted between the slabs, and this modification produced a target response that more closely represents that of the monolithic target. The results from this Study Suggest that further research on segmented targets is justified, to explore in more detail the response of segmented targets and the results of large scale tests when using segmented targets versus monolithic targets. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [La Saponara, Valeria] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cargile, James D.] USA, Erdc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Booker, Paul M.; Kistler, Bruce L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Booker, Paul M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP La Saponara, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM vlasaponara@ucdavis.edu FU National Nuclear Security Administration; DoD/DOE; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL8500] FX The research reported herein was conducted for the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and leveraged previous work funded by the National Nuclear Security Administration and Sandia National Laboratories joint DoD/DOE Conventional Munitions Memorandum of Understanding. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL8500. The first author would like to thank numerous people who helped shape the content of this work by patiently sharing insights they had gained through decades of experience. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 36 IS 7 BP 926 EP 939 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.10.006 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 430FD UT WOS:000264973300005 ER PT J AU Clayton, JD AF Clayton, J. D. TI A non-linear model for elastic dielectric crystals with mobile vacancies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NON-LINEAR MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Electrostatics; Non-linear elasticity; Diffusion; Dielectric; Piezoelectric; Vacancies ID FERROELECTRIC THIN-FILMS; SPACE-CHARGE; PLASTIC DEFORMATION; SINGLE CRYSTALS; LATTICE-DEFECTS; PART I; THERMODYNAMICS; STRESS; DIFFUSION; SOLIDS AB A framework is developed for electromechanical behavior of dielectric crystalline solids subjected to finite deformations. The theory is formulated in the context of electrostatics; however, vacancies in the lattice may carry an electric charge, and their concentrations may be large. The material is treated as a continuous body with a continuous distribution of point vacancies, but volumes and charges of individual defects enter the description. The deformation gradient is decomposed multiplicatively into terms accounting for recoverable thermoelasticity and irreversible Volume changes associated with vacancies. Thermodynamic arguments lead to Constitutive relations among electromechanical quantities framed in the elastically unloaded intermediate configuration, with the Cauchy stress tensor consistently non-symmetric as a result of electrostatic effects. The requirement of non-negative dissipation imposes constraints on vacancy migration. Following Postulation of a quadratic form for the free energy potential, a kinetic equation for vacancy flux is derived in the intermediate configuration, with diffusion driven by gradients of vacancy concentration, electrostatic potential, hydrostatic pressure, and crystal structure. Effects of geometric nonlinearity (i.e. finite elastic strains and large vacancy concentrations) are found to affect vacancy diffusion in a body subjected to biaxial lattice strain, for example a film device with lattice mismatch at its interfaces. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. RP Clayton, JD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. EM jclayton@arl.army.mil RI Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 64 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7462 J9 INT J NONLIN MECH JI Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 44 IS 6 BP 675 EP 688 DI 10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2009.02.008 PG 14 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 461XP UT WOS:000267307400010 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, NE Hullsiek, KH Marconi, V Weintrob, A Ganesan, A Barthel, RV Fraser, S Roediger, MP Agan, B Regner, S AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy E. Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler Marconi, Vincent Weintrob, Amy Ganesan, Anuradha Barthel, R. Vincent Fraser, Susan Roediger, Mollie Poehlnian Agan, Brian Regner, Scott TI The Impact of Nelfinavir Exposure on Cancer Development Among a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International AIDS Conference CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Mexico City, MEXICO DE cancers; HIV; nelfinavir; protease inhibitor ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; PROTEASE INHIBITOR; GROWTH ARREST; IN-VITRO; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; APOPTOSIS; CELLS; VIVO; AIDS AB Background: Preclinical studies Suggest that the antiretroviral agent, nelfinavir mesylate (NFV), may have antineoplastic properties. The relationship between NFV and cancer incidence among HIV-infected patients is unknown. Methods: We evaluated the impact of NFV on cancer development in a large cohort of HIV-infected persons with 108 cancer events during 13,421 person-years of follow-Lip. Using multivariate time-updated Cox proportional hazard models, the risk of cancer among those receiving NFV were compared to those on non-NFV antiretroviral regimens. Results: The risk of cancer among those receiving NFV was similar to those on non-NFV antiretroviral regimens (hazard ratio 1.0, 95% confidence interval 0.5, 1.7, P = 0.90). We also examined AIDS-defining, and non-AIDS-defining cancers separately and found no significant associations between NFV use and cancer risk. Antiretroviral use, with or without a protease inhibitor (PI) component, was associated with a reduced risk of AIDS-defining cancers compared with no antiretroviral therapy; however, the risk of cancer was the same among those using PI or PI-sparing regimens. Discussion: Despite reports that NFV may have tumoricidal activity, we found no significant relationship between NFV or PI use compared with other antiretrovirals and the risk of developing cancer among a large cohort of HIV-infected persons. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy E.] USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy E.; Marconi, Vincent; Weintrob, Amy; Ganesan, Anuradha; Barthel, R. Vincent; Fraser, Susan; Agan, Brian; Regner, Scott] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, TriServ AIDS Clin Consortium, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler; Roediger, Mollie Poehlnian] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Marconi, Vincent] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. [Barthel, R. Vincent] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Infect Dis Clin, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Fraser, Susan] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, NE (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.cruni@med.navy.mil RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU NIAID NIH HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]; PHS HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011] NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 51 IS 3 BP 305 EP 309 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 462UV UT WOS:000267383300010 PM 19412116 ER PT J AU Trego, LL AF Trego, Lori L. TI Theoretical substruction: establishing links between theory and measurement of military women's attitudes towards menstrual suppression during military operations SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING LA English DT Article DE attitudes; measurement; menstrual suppression; military; military operations; theoretical substruction; theory; women ID LONG-CYCLE TREATMENT; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; SOCIAL ECOLOGY; HEALTH-CARE; SYMPTOMS; DEPLOYMENT; FREQUENCY AB Theoretical substruction: establishing links between theory and measurement of military women's attitudes towards menstrual suppression during military operations. The aim of this paper is to establish a theoretical model for the exploration of the phenomenon of menstruation and women's attitudes towards menstrual suppression during military operations. In the emerging field of literature that explores menstruation among military women, there are indications that menstrual symptoms and hygiene are problematic under the circumstances of deployment to military operations. While menstrual suppression may be a solution to problems that women encounter with menstruation during deployment, there is little research exploring the phenomenon. CINAHL and Medline were used to locate peer reviewed journal papers published from 1977 to 2007. International military reports were obtained through an internet search engine (Google (TM)). Issues that military women encounter surrounding menstruation during deployment are framed according to components of human ecology and social ecology theories, creating a theoretical model for the study of military women's menstrual health. Theoretical substruction is then used to evaluate the proposed theoretical and operational systems for measuring military women's attitudes during deployment. The process of theoretical substruction validates the model and the theoretical integrity of the proposed research on women's attitudes towards suppression. A theory-based model for women's health under challenging environmental conditions will enhance the holistic consideration of women's health issues by care providers. The theoretical model clearly explicates the phenomenon of menstruation during deployment and the theoretical and operational systems are soundly linked in the proposed measurement model of military women's attitudes towards menstrual suppression. C1 US Army Nurse Corps, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Trego, LL (reprint author), US Army Nurse Corps, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. EM lori.trego@us.army.mil FU TriService Nursing Research Program; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences FX This research was sponsored by the TriService Nursing Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; however, the information or content and conclusions do not necessarily represent the official position or policy of, nor should any official endorsement be inferred by, the TriService Nursing Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the Department of Defense or the US Government. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0309-2402 J9 J ADV NURS JI J. Adv. Nurs. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 65 IS 7 BP 1548 EP 1559 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05010.x PG 12 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 453GM UT WOS:000266598900020 PM 19457001 ER PT J AU Porter, KL Shetty, G Shuttlesworth, GA Weng, CCY Huhtaniemi, I Pakarinen, P Meistrich, ML AF Porter, Karen L. Shetty, Gunapala Shuttlesworth, Gladis A. Weng, Connie C. Y. Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Pakarinen, Pirjo Meistrich, Marvin L. TI Estrogen Enhances Recovery From Radiation-Induced Spermatogonial Arrest in Rat Testes SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Irradiation; spermatogonial differentiation; testosterone ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; IRRADIATED RATS; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT; IN-VITRO; SPERMATOGENESIS; TESTOSTERONE; DIFFERENTIATION; ESTRADIOL; RECEPTOR AB Irradiation of LBNF(1) rat testes induces spermatogonial differentiation arrest, which can be reversed by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist-induced suppression of intratesticular testosterone (ITT) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Although exogenous estrogen treatment also enhanced spermatogenic recovery, as measured by the tubule differentiation index (TDI), it was not clear whether estrogen stimulated spermatogonial differentiation only by further suppressing ITT or by an additional independent mechanism as well. To resolve this question, we performed the following experiments. At 15 weeks after irradiation, rats were treated with GnRH antagonist; some also received 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and were killed 4 weeks later. GnRH antagonist treatment increased the TDI from 0% to 8%, and addition of E2 further increased the TDI to 39%. However, E2 addition further reduced ITT from 7 ng/g testis, observed with GnRH antagonist to 3 ng/g testis, so decreased ITT levels might have contributed to recovery. Next GnRH antagonist-treated rats were given exogenous testosterone and flutamide to stabilize ITT levels and block its action. This increased TDI slightly from 8% to 13%, but the further addition of E2 significantly raised the TDI to 27%, indicating it acted by a mechanism independent of ITT levels. Plots of TDI for all treatment groups compared with ITT, FSH, or a linear combination of ITT and FSH showed that treatments including E2 produced higher TDI values than did treatments without E2. These results indicate that there was an effect of E2 on spermatogonial differentiation because of an additional direct action on the testis that is unrelated to its suppression of testosterone or gonadotropins. C1 [Porter, Karen L.; Shetty, Gunapala; Shuttlesworth, Gladis A.; Weng, Connie C. Y.; Meistrich, Marvin L.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Expt Radiat Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Huhtaniemi, Ilpo; Pakarinen, Pirjo] Univ Turku, Dept Physiol, Turku, Finland. [Huhtaniemi, Ilpo] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Inst Reprod & Dev Biol, London, England. RP Porter, KL (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM karen.porter@amedd.army.mil RI Porter, Karen/A-9591-2009 FU NIEHS [ES-08075]; NIH Cancer Center [CA-16672]; NIH Radiation Oncology Training Program [T32 CA-77050]; NIH Mammalian Reproduction Training Program [T32 HD-007324] FX Supported by NIEHS grant ES-08075, NIH Cancer Center Support grant CA-16672, NIH Radiation Oncology Training Program T32 CA-77050, and NIH Mammalian Reproduction Training Program T32 HD-007324. NR 45 TC 18 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 30 IS 4 BP 440 EP 451 DI 10.2164/jandrol.108.006635 PG 12 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 469NG UT WOS:000267905700015 PM 19136390 ER PT J AU Cheuvront, SN Bearden, SE Kenefick, RW Ely, BR DeGroot, DW Sawka, MN Montain, SJ AF Cheuvront, Samuel N. Bearden, Shawn E. Kenefick, Robert W. Ely, Brett R. DeGroot, David W. Sawka, Michael N. Montain, Scott J. TI A simple and valid method to determine thermoregulatory sweating threshold and sensitivity SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE thermoregulation; heat stress; exercise; segmented linear regression ID CUTANEOUS BLOOD-FLOW; HEAT-STRESS; CORE TEMPERATURE; WATER VAPOR; HUMAN SKIN; EXERCISE; ACCLIMATION; VASODILATION; RESPONSES; HUMANS AB Cheuvront SN, Bearden SE, Kenefick RW, Ely BR, DeGroot DW, Sawka MN, Montain SJ. A simple and valid method to determine thermoregulatory sweating threshold and sensitivity. J Appl Physiol 107: 69-75, 2009. First published May 7, 2009; doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00250.2009.-Sweating threshold temperature and sweating sensitivity responses are measured to evaluate thermoregulatory control. However, analytic approaches vary, and no standardized methodology has been validated. This study validated a simple and standardized method, segmented linear regression (SReg), for determination of sweating threshold temperature and sensitivity. Archived data were extracted for analysis from studies in which local arm sweat rate (m(sw); ventilated dew-point temperature sensor) and esophageal temperature (T(es)) were measured under a variety of conditions. The relationship m(sw)/T(es) from 16 experiments was analyzed by seven experienced raters (Rater), using a variety of empirical methods, and compared against SReg for the determination of sweating threshold temperature and sweating sensitivity values. Individual interrater differences (n = 324 comparisons) and differences between Rater and SReg (n = 110 comparisons) were evaluated within the context of biologically important limits of magnitude (LOM) via a modified Bland-Altman approach. The average Rater and SReg outputs for threshold temperature and sensitivity were compared (n = 16) using inferential statistics. Rater employed a very diverse set of criteria to determine the sweating threshold temperature and sweating sensitivity for the 16 data sets, but interrater differences were within the LOM for 95% (threshold) and 73% (sensitivity) of observations, respectively. Differences between mean Rater and SReg were within the LOM 90% (threshold) and 83% (sensitivity) of the time, respectively. Rater and SReg were not different by conventional t-test (P > 0.05). SReg provides a simple, valid, and standardized way to determine sweating threshold temperature and sweating sensitivity values for thermoregulatory studies. C1 [Cheuvront, Samuel N.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Bearden, Shawn E.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Cheuvront, SN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM samuel.n.cheuvront@us.army.mil RI DeGroot, David/E-2322-2015 NR 40 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 107 IS 1 BP 69 EP 75 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00250.2009 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 464VK UT WOS:000267535800012 PM 19423839 ER PT J AU Curtis, TM Tabb, J Romeo, L Schwager, SJ Widder, MW van der Schalie, WH AF Curtis, Theresa M. Tabb, Joel Romeo, Lori Schwager, Steven J. Widder, Mark W. van der Schalie, William H. TI Improved cell sensitivity and longevity in a rapid impedance-based toxicity sensor SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE toxicity sensor; electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing; ECIS; cell monolayers ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; BIOSENSOR; CYTOTOXICITY; MONITOR; SHAPE; TIME AB A number of toxicity sensors for testing field water using a range of eukaryotic cell types have been proposed, but it has been difficult to identify sensors with both appropriate sensitivity to toxicants and the potential for long-term viability. Assessment of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell (BPAEC) monolayer electrical impedance with electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) showed promise in a previous systematic evaluation of toxicity sensor technologies. The goal of the study reported here was to improve toxicant responsiveness and field portability of this cell-based toxicity sensor. A variety of human cells, non-human mammalian cells, and non-mammalian vertebrate cells were screened for sensitivity to 12 waterborne industrial chemicals. The results of this assessment show that bovine lung microvessel endothelial cell (BLMVEC) monolayers and iguana heart (IgH-2) cell monolayers could detect nine out of the 12 waterborne industrial chemicals, an improvement over the seven chemicals previously detected using BPAEC monolayers. Both the BLMVEC and IgH-2 cell monolayers were tested for their ability for long-term survival on the ECIS test chips in a laboratory environment. Both cell lines were able to maintain high impedance readings on the ECIS electrodes for 37 days, a key trait in developing a field-portable toxicity sensor for water. Cell line optimization has greatly contributed to the on-going development of a field-portable cell-based biosensor that detects with sensitivity a wide range of waterborne toxicants. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Widder, Mark W.; van der Schalie, William H.] USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Curtis, Theresa M.; Tabb, Joel; Romeo, Lori] Agave BioSyst Inc, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Schwager, Steven J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol Stat & Computat Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Widder, MW (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM mark.widder@us.army.mil FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command; Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer [W81XWH-04-C-0043, W81XWH-04-C-0140] FX We thank Bill Dennis and Alan Rosencrance for analytical chemistry and sample preparation support, Eli S. Rosenberg for developing the MATLAB curve discrimination program, and Dr Louis Hom for helpful input during chemical testing and statistical analysis. The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as official Department of the Army position, policy or decision, unless so designated by other official documentation. Citations of commercial organizations or trade names in this paper do not constitute an official Department of the Army endorsement or approval of the products or services of these organizations. This work was supported by the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command and by the Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer programs (contracts W81XWH-04-C-0043 and W81XWH-04-C-01 40, respectively). NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 29 IS 5 BP 374 EP 380 DI 10.1002/jat.1421 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 477KS UT WOS:000268518600002 PM 19267359 ER PT J AU Harms, NE Grodowitz, MJ AF Harms, Nathan E. Grodowitz, M. J. TI Insect Herbivores of Aquatic and Wetland Plants in the United States: a Checklist From Literature SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquatic plants; herbivory; insects; insect-plant associations ID FRESH-WATER MACROPHYTES; SOUTH-CAROLINA; LIFE HISTORY; COLEOPTERA; CURCULIONIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; FLORIDA; NORTH; CHRYSOMELIDAE; EPHYDRIDAE AB Lacking a central database of insect herbivores and associated aquatic and wetland plants, we compiled a relatively thorough literature listing into an accessible table, providing plant species, associated insect herbivores, plant parts affected, and region of study. The intent was to provide aquatic plant managers, researchers, and other interested personnel access to information on the wide diversity of insect herbivores of aquatic plants and wetland plant species in the United States. C1 [Harms, Nathan E.] Univ N Texas, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. [Grodowitz, M. J.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Harms, NE (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, 201 Jones St, Lewisville, TX 75056 USA. FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Aquatic Plant Control Research Program; U.S. Army Engineers Research and Development Center FX This research was conducted under the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Aquatic Plant Control Research Program, U.S. Army Engineers Research and Development Center. Permission to publish this information was granted by the Chief of Engineers. We would like to thankJudy Shearer, Ted Center, L, and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable suggestions and comments. NR 91 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 47 BP 73 EP 96 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 525HE UT WOS:000272204900001 ER PT J AU Netherland, MD Lembi, CA Glomski, LM AF Netherland, M. D. Lembi, C. A. Glomski, L. M. TI Potential for Selective Activity of the ALS Inhibitors Penoxsulam, Bispyribac-sodium, and Imazamox on Algae Responsible for Harmful Blooms SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID BENSULFURON METHYL ACTIVITY; MICROCYSTIS-AERUGINOSA; METSULFURON METHYL; EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL; CYANOBACTERIA; LAKE; DEGRADATION; ALGICIDES; FLORIDA; GROWTH C1 [Netherland, M. D.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Lembi, C. A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Glomski, L. M.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. RP Netherland, MD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. FU U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program; Florida Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Invasive Plant Management FX Partial funding and support for this project was provided by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Invasive Plant Management. Per-mission to publish this information was approved-by the Chief of Engineers. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 12 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 47 BP 147 EP 150 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 525HE UT WOS:000272204900010 ER PT J AU Grahn, DA Dillon, JL Heller, HC AF Grahn, D. A. Dillon, J. L. Heller, H. C. TI Heat Loss Through the Glabrous Skin Surfaces of Heavily Insulated, Heat-Stressed Individuals SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASME Summer Bioengineering Conference CY JUN 25-29, 2008 CL Marco Isl, FL SP Amer Soc Mech Engineers, Bioengn Div DE insulation; heat stress; heat loss; glabrous skin; subcutaneous vasculature ID EXERCISE-INDUCED HYPERTHERMIA; SINUSOIDAL EXERCISE; NONGLABROUS SKIN; HAND; TEMPERATURE; RESPONSES; FINGER; WATER; INTERMITTENT; PERFORMANCE AB Insulation reduces heat exchange between a body and the environment. Glabrous (non-hairy) skin surfaces (palms of the hands, soles of the feet, face, and ears) constitute a small percentage of total body surface area but contain specialized vascular structures that facilitate heat loss. We have previously reported that cooling the glabrous skin surfaces is effective in alleviating heat stress and that the application of local subatmospheric pressure enhances the effect. In this paper, we compare the effects of cooling multiple glabrous skin surfaces with and without vacuum on thermal recovery in heavily insulated heat-stressed individuals. Esophageal temperatures (T(es)) and heart rates were monitored throughout the trials. Water loss was determined from pre- and post-trial nude weights. Treadmill exercise (5.6 km/h, 9-16% slope, and 25-45 min duration) in a hot environment (41.5 degrees C, 20-30% relative humidity) while wearing insulating pants and jackets was used to induce heat stress (T(es) >= 39 degrees C). For postexercise recovery, the subjects donned additional insulation (a balaclava, winter gloves, and impermeable boot covers) and rested in the hot environment for 60 min. Postexercise cooling treatments included control (no cooling) or the application of a 10 degrees C closed water circulating system to (a) the hand(s) with or without application of a local subatmospheric pressure, (b) the face, (c) the feet, or (d) multiple glabrous skin regions. Following exercise induction of heat stress in heavily insulated subjects, the rate of recovery of T(es) was 0.4 +/- 0.2 degrees C/h (n = 12), but with application of cooling to one hand, the rate was 0.8 +/- 0.3 degrees C/h (n = 12), and with one hand cooling with subatmospheric pressure, the rate was 1.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C/h (n = 12). Cooling alone yielded two responses, one resembling that of cooling with subatmospheric pressure (n = 8) and one resembling that of no cooling (n = 4). The effect of treating multiple surfaces was additive (no cooling, Delta T(es) = -0.4 +/- 0.2 degrees C; one hand, -0.9 +/- 0.3 degrees C; face, -1.0 +/- 0.3 degrees C; two hands, -1.3 +/- 0.1 degrees C; two feet, -1.3 +/- 0.3 degrees C; and face, feet, and hands, -1.6 +/- 0.2 degrees C). Cooling treatments had a similar effect on water loss and final resting heart rate. In heat-stressed resting subjects, cooling the glabrous skin regions was effective in lowering T(es). Under this protocol, the application of local subatmospheric pressure did not significantly increase heat transfer per se but, presumably, increased the likelihood of an effect. [DOI: 10.1115/1.3156812] C1 [Grahn, D. A.; Heller, H. C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Dillon, J. L.] US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Grahn, DA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM dagrahn@stanford.edu RI Heller, H. Craig/C-9785-2011 NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0148-0731 J9 J BIOMECH ENG-T ASME JI J. Biomech. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 2009 VL 131 IS 7 AR 071005 DI 10.1115/1.3156812 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA 476KS UT WOS:000268439900006 PM 19640130 ER PT J AU Aboushwareb, T Eberli, D Ward, C Broda, C Holcomb, J Atala, A Van Dyke, M AF Aboushwareb, Tamer Eberli, Daniel Ward, Catherine Broda, Christopher Holcomb, John Atala, Anthony Van Dyke, Mark TI A Keratin Biomaterial Gel Hemostat Derived from Human Hair: Evaluation in a Rabbit Model of Lethal Liver Injury SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE keratin; hemostasis; hemostat; liver injury; hemorrhage ID GROIN INJURY; VENOUS HEMORRHAGE; HEPATIC-INJURY; ANIMAL-MODEL; BLOOD-LOSS; SWINE; DRESSINGS; WOOL; SURVIVAL; BANDAGE AB Effective hemostatic dressings that are compatible with tissues are needed. Keratins are a class of biomaterials that can be derived by extraction of proteins from human hair. We have recently discovered that keratin biomaterials have hemostatic characteristics and hypothesize that a keratin hydrogel having the ability to absorb fluid and bind cells may be an effective hemostat. The goal of this study was to test a keratin hydrogel and evaluate it compared to current hemostats. Thirty-two New Zealand white rabbits received a lethal liver injury. Eight animals each were assigned to negative control, QuickClotu (R), HemCon (R) bandage, and keratin treatment groups. Vital stats and other data were recorded during surgery and all surviving animals were sacrificed after 72 h. Histology was conducted on all surviving animals. Twenty-four-hour survival rates were 0%, 62.5%, 62.5%, anti 75% for the negative control, QuickClot, HemCon, and keratin groups, respectively. Other outcomes included blood loss, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, shock index, and liver histology. All of the hemostats were statistically better than the negative control group at late operative time points. The keratin group consistently performed as well as, or better than, the commercial hemostats. Histology showed an interesting healing response at the hemostat-liver interface in the keratin group. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Apt Biomater 90B: 45-54, 2009 C1 [Aboushwareb, Tamer; Eberli, Daniel; Ward, Catherine; Broda, Christopher; Atala, Anthony; Van Dyke, Mark] Wake Forest Univ, Wake Forest Inst Regenerat Med, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Holcomb, John] USA, Inst Surg Res, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Van Dyke, M (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Wake Forest Inst Regenerat Med, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM mavandyk@wfubmc.edu OI Atala, Anthony/0000-0001-8186-2160 NR 36 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 40 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4973 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES B JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B PD JUL PY 2009 VL 90B IS 1 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1002/jbm.b.31251 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 461UU UT WOS:000267298500006 PM 18988274 ER PT J AU Richard, R Baryza, MJ Carr, JA Dewey, WS Dougherty, ME Forbes-Duchart, L Franzen, BJ Healey, T Lester, ME Li, SKF Moore, M Nakamura, D Nedelec, B Niszczak, J Parry, IS Quick, CD Serghiou, M Ward, RS Ware, L Young, A AF Richard, Reg Baryza, Mary Jo Carr, Judith A. Dewey, William S. Dougherty, Mary E. Forbes-Duchart, Lisa Franzen, Beth J. Healey, Tanja Lester, Mark E. Li, S. K. F. Moore, Merilyn Nakamura, Dana Nedelec, Bernadette Niszczak, Jonathan Parry, Ingrid S. Quick, Charles D. Serghiou, Michael Ward, R. Scott Ware, Linda Young, Alan TI Burn Rehabilitation and Research: Proceedings of a Consensus Summit SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID ELECTRICAL NERVE-STIMULATION; FUNCTIONAL WRIST MOTION; LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATION; NONSILICONE GEL DRESSINGS; VANCOUVER SCAR SCALE; CUTANEOUS BLOOD-FLOW; ACUTE HAND BURNS; HYPERTROPHIC SCARS; HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION; EARLY AMBULATION AB Burn rehabilitation is an essential component of successful patient care. In May 2008, a group of burn rehabilitation clinicians met to discuss the status and future needs of burn rehabilitation. Fifteen topic areas pertinent to clinical burn rehabilitation were addressed. Consensus positions and suggested future research directions regarding the physical aspects of burn rehabilitation are shared. (J Burn Care Res 2009;30:543-573) C1 [Richard, Reg] USA, Inst Surg Res, MCMR USC PT, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Baryza, Mary Jo] Shriners Hosp Children, Boston, MA USA. [Carr, Judith A.] Westchester Burn Ctr, Valhalla, NY USA. [Dougherty, Mary E.] Shriners Hosp Children, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Forbes-Duchart, Lisa] Hlth Sci Ctr, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Franzen, Beth J.] Reg Hosp, Burn Ctr, St Paul, MN USA. [Healey, Tanja] Royal Adelaide Hosp, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. [Li, S. K. F.] Concord Repatriat Gen Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Moore, Merilyn] Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Burn Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Nakamura, Dana] Wake Forest Univ, Baptist Med Ctr, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Nedelec, Bernadette] McGill Univ, Montreal Burn Ctr, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Niszczak, Jonathan] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Parry, Ingrid S.] Shriners Hosp Children, Sacramento, CA USA. [Serghiou, Michael] Shriners Hosp Children, Galveston, TX 77550 USA. [Ward, R. Scott] Univ Utah, Dept Phys Therapy, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Ware, Linda] Johns Hopkins Univ, Burn Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Richard, R (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, MCMR USC PT, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 304 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X EI 1559-0488 J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 30 IS 4 BP 543 EP 573 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181adcd93 PG 31 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 470SK UT WOS:000268000000001 PM 19506486 ER PT J AU Richard, RL Lester, ME Miller, SF Bailey, JK Hedman, TL Dewey, WS Greer, M Renz, EM Wolf, SE Blackbourne, LH AF Richard, Reginald L. Lester, Mark E. Miller, Sidney F. Bailey, J. Kevin Hedman, Travis L. Dewey, William S. Greer, Michelle Renz, Evan M. Wolf, Steven E. Blackbourne, Lorne H. TI Identification of Cutaneous Functional Units Related to Burn Scar Contracture Development SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SKIN; REHABILITATION; THERAPY AB The development of burn scar contractures is due in part to the replacement of naturally pliable skin with an inadequate quantity and quality of extensible scar tissue. Predilected skin surface areas associated with limb range of motion (ROM) have a tendency to develop burn scar contractures that prevent full joint ROM leading to deformity, impairment, and disability. Previous study has documented forearm skin movement associated with wrist extension. The purpose of this study was to expand the identification of skin movement associated with ROM to all joint surface areas that have a tendency to develop burn scar contractures. Twenty male subjects without burns had anthropometric measurements recorded and skin marks placed on their torsos and dominant extremities. Each subject performed ranges of motion of nine common burn scar contracture sites with the markers photographed at the beginning and end of motion. The area of skin movement associated with joint ROM was recorded, normalized, and quantified as a percentage of total area. On average, subjects recruited 83% of available skin from a prescribed area to complete movement across all joints of interest (range, 18-100%). Recruitment of skin during wrist flexion demonstrated the greatest amount of variability between subjects, whereas recruitment of skin during knee extension demonstrated the most consistency. No association of skin movement was found related to percent body fat or body mass index. Skin recruitment was positively correlated with joint ROM. Fields of skin associated with normal ROM were identified and subsequently labeled as cutaneous functional units. The amount of skin involved in joint movement extended far beyond the immediate proximity of the joint skin creases themselves. This information may impact the design of rehabilitation programs for patients with severe burns. (J Burn Care Res 2009;30:625-631) C1 [Richard, Reginald L.] USA, Inst Surg Res, MCMR USC PT, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Miller, Sidney F.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Surg, Coll Med & Hlth Sci Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bailey, J. Kevin] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Surg, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Richard, RL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, MCMR USC PT, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 14 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 30 IS 4 BP 625 EP 631 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181ac016c PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 470SK UT WOS:000268000000011 PM 19506493 ER PT J AU Kauvar, DS Baer, DG AF Kauvar, David S. Baer, David G. TI Effect of a Targeted Education Intervention on the Incidence of Waste-Burning Injuries in a Military Population SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article CT 38th Annual Meeting of the American-Burn-Association CY APR 04-07, 2006 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Burn Assoc ID OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; ENDURING FREEDOM; COMBAT BURNS AB The burning of waste is a common cause of accidental injury on the battlefield. This study was devised to determine the incidence of burns incurred while burning waste during U.S. military operations prior to and following an intervention targeted at reducing such injuries. The intervention consisted of memoranda outlining potential dangers and suggesting improved safety procedures. It was distributed to the combat theater (Iraq and Afghanistan) in March 2004. We reviewed military burn center records from March 2003 to March 2005. Demographics, injury data, and outcomes were recorded and compared between those casualties injured prior to and following the initiative. Twenty-four patients were injured while burning waste, 10% of military casualties admitted to the burn center during the study period. From March 2003 to March 2004, 20 patients were admitted with such injuries. The incidence of 1.67 per month was significantly (P < .05) higher than that seen the year after the intervention (four patients, 0.33 per month). TBSA burned was not different between the two time periods (9.8 +/- 8% before vs 6.3 +/- 7% after, P = .43). There were no deaths, and only one patient had an associated nonburn injury. Only 54% of patients returned to military duty. The initiative was followed by a significant decrease in the incidence of waste-burning injuries. We conclude that the initiative was successful and highlights the importance of continued military burn surveillance and prevention efforts. (J Burn Care Res 2009;30:700-704) C1 [Kauvar, David S.; Baer, David G.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kauvar, DS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 30 IS 4 BP 700 EP 704 DI 10.1097/BCR.0b013e3181ac0190 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 470SK UT WOS:000268000000019 PM 19506492 ER PT J AU Edwards, M AF Edwards, Mike TI The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom SO JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION LA English DT Book Review C1 [Edwards, Mike] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Edwards, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1050-6519 J9 J BUS TECH COMMUN JI J. Bus. Tech. Commun. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 23 IS 3 BP 376 EP 379 DI 10.1177/1050651909333279 PG 4 WC Business; Communication SC Business & Economics; Communication GA 455QU UT WOS:000266778800007 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Lott, L Gong, HP Kuschner, RA Lynch, JA Metzgar, D AF Houng, Huo-Shu H. Lott, Lisa Gong, Heping Kuschner, Robert A. Lynch, Julia A. Metzgar, David TI Adenovirus Microsatellite Reveals Dynamics of Transmission during a Recent Epidemic of Human Adenovirus Serotype 14 Infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY ADENOVIRUS; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; OUTBREAK; TYPE-7; GENOME; REGION; GENE; TOOL AB This study reveals diverse-length polymorphisms in long mononucleotide repeats (microsatellites) in several serotypes of epidemic human respiratory adenovirus. The length of one of these microsatellites, a homopolymeric thymidine [poly( T)] repeat, is measured in 68 isolates of adenovirus serotype 14. These isolates were collected during a series of sudden and sometimes fatal outbreaks among both military recruits and civilians as the virus emerged for the first time in the United States in 2006 and 2007. The results demonstrate the usefulness of adenoviral microsatellites as high-resolution molecular strain markers. The described homopolymer is hypervariable in length, varying from 12 to 17 bp in the analyzed sample set. All intermediate lengths were identified in at least one isolate. Furthermore, the specific length of the marker is stable for significant periods of time (up to 7 months) at individual sites where the virus is in consistent circulation. The microsatellite also can maintain specific length identity through site-to-site transmission events, as determined by the analysis of isolates from three advanced training sites that appeared to be subject to pathogen transfer from one of the affected recruit training installations. Public database searches revealed that the polymorphic nature of the microsatellite extends to other species B serotypes, and that other polymorphic microsatellites can be identified readily in a variety of epidemic respiratory adenovirus clades. This study shows that microsatellites are a ubiquitous source of polymorphic markers for human adenoviruses and demonstrates their use through an epidemiological analysis of isolates from a recent North American epidemic. C1 [Metzgar, David] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Houng, Huo-Shu H.; Gong, Heping; Kuschner, Robert A.; Lynch, Julia A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Viral Dis, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Lott, Lisa] Off AF Surg Gen, Adv Diagnost Lab, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Metzgar, D (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Resp Dis Res Code 166, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM david.metzgar@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System [6609] FX The views expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of the Army, Department of the Air Force, Department of Defense (DoD), or U. S. government. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal and international regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (DoD protocol NHRC. 1999.0002). We declare that no conflict of interest exists. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 47 IS 7 BP 2243 EP 2248 DI 10.1128/JCM.01659-08 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 467CC UT WOS:000267713000036 PM 19403773 ER PT J AU Bui-Mansfield, LT Sutcliffe, JB AF Bui-Mansfield, Liem T. Sutcliffe, Joseph B. TI Nobel Prize Laureates Who Have Made Significant Contributions to Radiology SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY LA English DT Review DE Nobel Prize; radiology C1 [Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, FSH, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. [Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Radiol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Bui-Mansfield, LT (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, FSH, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. EM liem.mansfield@gmail.com NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-8715 J9 J COMPUT ASSIST TOMO JI J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 33 IS 4 BP 483 EP 488 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 480AF UT WOS:000268703000001 PM 19638837 ER PT J AU Bui-Mansfield, LT Thomas, WR AF Bui-Mansfield, Liem T. Thomas, William R. TI Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Stress Injury of the Cuneiform Bones in Patients With Plantar Fasciitis SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE stress fracture; cuneiform; plantar fasciitis ID FRACTURE; FOOT; FASCIOTOMY; METATARSAL; DIAGNOSIS AB Objective: The authors reported the magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of stress fractures of the cuneiform bones in patients with plantar fasciitis and performed a review of the literature on stress fractures associated with plantar fasciitis. Materials and Methods: The authors performed a retrospective review of their experience with 5 cases of cuneiform stress fractures and associated plantar fasciitis. The medical records and MR examinations were reviewed. A literature search was performed on the PubMed search engine. Results: There were 5 patients (I man and 4 women) with stress fractures of at least 1 cuneiform bone, Patients' age ranged from 41 to 77 years, and their average weight was 212 lb. All patients had heel pain and either midfoot or lateral foot pain. There were 2 intermediate, I medial, and 3 lateral Cuneiform stress fractures seen on MR imaging in these 5 patients. Two of these patients had undergone plantar fasciotomy, and all 5 had been treated with steroid injections. Conclusion: Plantar fascia injury, changes in gait, large body habitus, and excessive or new onset of exercise regimens are all potential causes of cuneiform stress fractures. Although the incidence of cuneiform stress fractures is extremely rare, they may occur in patients with plantar fasciitis. C1 [Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.; Thomas, William R.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Houston, TX USA. [Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Div Radiol Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Bui-Mansfield, Liem T.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Bui-Mansfield, LT (reprint author), 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM liem_mansfield@hotmail.com NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-8715 J9 J COMPUT ASSIST TOMO JI J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 33 IS 4 BP 593 EP 596 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 480AF UT WOS:000268703000021 PM 19638857 ER PT J AU Boniche, I Masilamani, S Durscher, RJ Morgan, BC Arnold, DP AF Boniche, Israel Masilamani, Sivaraman Durscher, Ryan J. Morgan, Brian C. Arnold, David P. TI Design of a Miniaturized Thermoelectric Generator Using Micromachined Silicon Substrates SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Conference on Thermoelectrics CY AUG 03-07, 2008 CL Univ Oregon, Corvallis, OR SP Int Thermoelect Soc HO Univ Oregon DE Thermoelectric generator; PbTe; Bi(2)Te(3); heat exchanger; polyimide; silicon; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) ID MILLIMETER-SCALE; THIN-FILMS; FABRICATION; BI2TE3 AB This paper presents the design of a compact (similar to 1 cm(3)) thermoelectric (TE) generator intended to generate power locally for sensor/electronic device applications using hot gases (similar to 100A degrees C to 400A degrees C). The design employs 13-mm-diameter, similar to 0.36-mm-thick (48 mm(3)) silicon-micromachined TE modules that are stacked to form a cylindrical, finned heat exchanger. The stacked structure is intended to establish a large, uniform temperature gradient across radially oriented thermopiles in each module. Analytical heat transfer and electrical circuit models are used to design and optimize the thermopile for maximum output power under microfabrication and system-level constraints. Optimized structures using PbTe and Bi(2)Te(3) thin films are predicted to achieve output power levels of 1.3 mW per module (26.7 mW/cm(3)) and 0.83 mW per module (17.4 mW/cm(3)), respectively, for hot gas at 400A degrees C. C1 [Boniche, Israel; Masilamani, Sivaraman; Durscher, Ryan J.; Arnold, David P.] Univ Florida, Interdisciplinary Microsyst Grp, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Boniche, Israel; Morgan, Brian C.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Boniche, I (reprint author), Univ Florida, Interdisciplinary Microsyst Grp, 229 Benton Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM iboniche@ufl.edu RI Arnold, David/F-5947-2013 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1293 EP 1302 DI 10.1007/s11664-009-0764-9 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 466LA UT WOS:000267662500072 ER PT J AU Dontsova, KM Hayes, C Pennington, JC Porter, B AF Dontsova, Katerina M. Hayes, Charolett Pennington, Judith C. Porter, Beth TI Sorption of High Explosives to Water-Dispersible Clay: Influence of Organic Carbon, Aluminosilicate Clay, and Extractable Iron SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID NITROAROMATIC EXPLOSIVES; HUMIC-ACID; SOIL; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; ADSORPTION; TRANSPORT; BINDING; FATE; DESORPTION; MATTER AB Explosives in soils can present environmental problems for military installations. Fine, mobile particles represent the most reactive fraction of the soil and, therefore, are expected to adsorb explosives and potentially facilitate their transport. The objective of this study was to determine the relative significance of phyllosilicate clay, organic matter, and two forms of extractable iron in adsorption of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by the colloidal water-dispersible clay (WDC) fraction of the soil. The WDC fraction of two mineral and one organic soil was separated and then treated to remove organic carbon (OC) and several forms of iron (Fe(o), oxalate extractable, and Fe(d), dithionite-citrate extractable). Adsorption coefficients were determined for whole soils, untreated, and treated WDC. For mineral soils, adsorption of TNT and RDX on the WDC was greater than on the whole soil. The presence of OC increased explosives sorption by WDC. When OC was removed, iron interfered with TNT sorption. In the presence of OC, removal of Feo decreased RDX adsorption and increased TNT adsorption indicating different adsorption mechanisms. Organic carbon was a more significant indicator of explosives adsorption by WDC than clays or iron oxides and hydroxides. Therefore, OC is the most likely medium for facilitated transport of TNT and RDX. C1 [Pennington, Judith C.] USA, Environm Proc Branch, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Dontsova, Katerina M.; Hayes, Charolett; Porter, Beth] USA, SpecPro Inc, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Dontsova, KM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM Kateryna.Dontsova@gmail.com FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Environmental Quality Technology Research and Development Program FX This study was funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Quality Technology Research and Development Program, Dr. M. John Cullinane, Program Manager. The authors are grateful to Dr. Robert Gambrell of Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA for arranging collection of Kenner soil and Mrs. Heidi Howard of U.S. Army Engineering Research Development Center (ERDC), Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, IL for help in collecting Catlin soil; Dr. Mark Chappell (ERDC- Environmental Laboratory Vicksburg, MS) and Dr. Charles Weiss (ERDC- Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, Vicksburg, MS) for help with X-ray diffraction; and Dr. Dennis Bandon (ERDC- Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, MS) for assistance with statistical analysis. The authors are also grateful to anonymous reviewers for suggestions in improving the manuscript. Disclaimer: Permission has been granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this report. NR 32 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 38 IS 4 BP 1458 EP 1465 DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0183 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 467EG UT WOS:000267719800012 PM 19465721 ER PT J AU Goldman, SB Brininger, TL Schrader, JW Koceja, DM AF Goldman, Sarah B. Brininger, Teresa L. Schrader, John W. Koceja, David M. TI A Review of Clinical Tests and Signs for the Assessment of Ulnar Neuropathy SO JOURNAL OF HAND THERAPY LA English DT Review ID CUBITAL TUNNEL-SYNDROME; ELBOW FLEXION TEST; ENTRAPMENT NEUROPATHIES; GENERAL-PRINCIPLES; NERVE COMPRESSION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; FASCICULATIONS; INJURIES; LESIONS AB Narrative Review: As part of a comprehensive assessment for suspected ulnar neuropathy, clinical testing plays an important role in the initial identification of a lesion and determining subsequent changes from baseline. The purpose of this article was to review ulnar nerve provocative testing and the substantial collection of diagnostic signs and tests. Administration procedures for each maneuver are described as well as the resulting positive and negative outcomes. The clinical tests described constitute only one aspect of the examination and should not substitute for other key components, such as taking a thorough medical and occupational history. Empirical research studies are indicated to further quantify the relationship between the testing outcomes and the severity of a lesion as well as to determine the most robust motor signs seen in the early stages of the disease. C1 [Goldman, Sarah B.; Brininger, Teresa L.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Goldman, Sarah B.; Schrader, John W.; Koceja, David M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Goldman, SB (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM sarah.goldman@us.army.mil NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0894-1130 J9 J HAND THER JI J. Hand Ther. PD JUL-SEP PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 209 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.jht.2008.10.010 PG 11 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Surgery GA 483QS UT WOS:000268983200003 PM 19188042 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW AF Hoge, Charles W. TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; CONCUSSION C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 299 EP 299 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 506SK UT WOS:000270796000010 PM 19625869 ER PT J AU Meyer, RV AF Meyer, Richard V. TI A Plea for Defending Humanity SO JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE LA English DT Article AB In this short article, the author addresses some of the criticisms Professor Dinstein raises of the book, Defending Humanity. He argues that these criticisms undervalue both the use of robust jurisprudence of domestic criminal law in fleshing out international criminal law concepts, and the potential of resorting to this wealth of case law to interpret traditional international law from different perspectives. Moreover, in the author's view, Professor Dinstein's unstinting reliance on positive international law is not entirely convincing and is applied inconsistently in support of his strict interpretations. C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Meyer, RV (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM rich.meyer@usma.edu NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1478-1387 J9 J INT CRIM JUSTICE JI J. Int. Crim. Justice PD JUL PY 2009 VL 7 IS 3 BP 521 EP 527 DI 10.1093/jicj/mqp049 PG 7 WC Law SC Government & Law GA V17VQ UT WOS:000207965100007 ER PT J AU Meyer, RV Maxwell, MD AF Meyer, Richard V. Maxwell, Mark David 'Max' TI The Natural Right to Intervene The Evolution of the Concepts of Justification and Excuse for Both State and Individual SO JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE LA English DT Article AB One can draw a parallel between the restrictions states place on their soldiers' use of force and the manner in which the United Nations restricts a state's use of force under Article 2(4) of the Charter. This parallel is useful in showing how both the 'sovereigns' limitations on the use of force are, in turn, limited by rule of law principles of natural justice that go beyond self-defence and into the realm of the defence of duress, necessity and coercion, giving rise to a justification or an excuse. The United Nations' absolute restriction on the use of force, therefore, should be limited by more than just the self-defence provision of Article 51 and would potentially allow unilateral humanitarian intervention in extreme circumstances. The US military courts, in dicta, have implied a balancing test in which the order to not use force can be trumped by the imminence and severity of the threat to the innocent; therefore, continued obedience would no longer be mandated. This conclusion, as highlighted by George Fletcher and Jens Ohlin in their book, Defending Humanity, is rooted in the evolution of both law and philosophy. C1 [Meyer, Richard V.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Maxwell, Mark David 'Max'] USA, Washington, DC USA. RP Meyer, RV (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM rich.meyer@usma.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1478-1387 J9 J INT CRIM JUSTICE JI J. Int. Crim. Justice PD JUL PY 2009 VL 7 IS 3 BP 555 EP 573 DI 10.1093/jicj/mqp048 PG 19 WC Law SC Government & Law GA V17VQ UT WOS:000207965100010 ER PT J AU Foley, DH Wilkerson, RC Rueda, LM AF Foley, Desmond H. Wilkerson, Richard C. Rueda, Leopoldo M. TI Importance of the "What," "When," and "Where" of Mosquito Collection Events SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE distribution; Mosquitomap; georeferencing; GIS; database ID RECORDS AB There is increasing need to apply established standards for recording data oil Mosquito collection events, because of the diversity of potential data providers, and the growth and interoperability of online databases designed to host these collection records. In particular, adequate taxonomic and georeference data are needed for geodatabases such as Mosquitomap (http://www. mosquitoniap.org/) that map and compare these collection points with other spatial information in a geographical information system (GIs) setting. Accurately georeferenced collection data are crucial for understanding Mosquito biogeography, ecology, and the impact of environmental changes, as well as for species distribution modeling, planning mosquito surveys, and for determining disease risk. We sampled representative published reports of new mosquito species records from 1980 in North America to the present to ascertain the quality of georeference information. Our results show that authors have increased the frequency of reporting georeferences but that they vary in the precision of the georeference, and some information, such as the source, date, and datum of the georeference, are usually not given. We discuss recently established standards for recording collection events, some relevant online resources available to researchers to assist them in their georeferencing, and the data input schema developed for the Mosquitomap database. We propose that the mosquito research community adopt data standards for recording and reporting the results of mosquito collection events to increase the value of these data. In particular, we recommendal authors lodge voucher specimens and use a GPS set to the WGS84 datum. C1 [Foley, Desmond H.; Wilkerson, Richard C.; Rueda, Leopoldo M.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Foley, DH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM foleydes@si.edu RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Foley, Desmond/0000-0001-7525-4601 FU U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, Silver Spring [G00018 08 WR]; Global Biodiversity Information Facility [2007-73] FX We thank J. Wieczorek for useful discussions involving the point radius method. This study wits made possible with funding front the U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, Silver Spring, MD (Project G00018 08 WR), and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (Project 2007-73). NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 46 IS 4 BP 717 EP 722 DI 10.1603/033.046.0401 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 465XQ UT WOS:000267623800002 PM 19645273 ER PT J AU Bartholomees, JB AF Bartholomees, J. Boone TI Strategic Studies: A Reader. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Bartholomees, J. Boone] USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Bartholomees, JB (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 73 IS 3 BP 933 EP 934 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 466QX UT WOS:000267678500012 ER PT J AU Bjorge, GJ AF Bjorge, Gary J. TI Wuhan, 1938: War, Refugees, and the Making of Modern China. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Bjorge, Gary J.] USA, Gen Command & Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Bjorge, GJ (reprint author), USA, Gen Command & Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 EI 1543-7795 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 73 IS 3 BP 981 EP 982 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 466QX UT WOS:000267678500048 ER PT J AU Grau, LW AF Grau, Lester W. TI War Since 1990 SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Grau, Lester W.] Foreign Mil Studies Off, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Grau, LW (reprint author), Foreign Mil Studies Off, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 73 IS 3 BP 1026 EP 1027 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 466QX UT WOS:000267678500078 ER PT J AU Birtle, AJ AF Birtle, Andrew J. TI Bad Strategies:How Major Powers Fail in Counterinsurgency SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Birtle, Andrew J.] USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Ft Mcnair, VA USA. RP Birtle, AJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Ft Mcnair, VA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 73 IS 3 BP 1030 EP 1032 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 466QX UT WOS:000267678500081 ER PT J AU Cardoso, MJ Dmitriev, AE Helgeson, MD Stephens, F Campbell, V Lehman, RA Cooper, P Rosner, MK AF Cardoso, Mario J. Dmitriev, Anton E. Helgeson, Melvin D. Stephens, Frederick Campbell, Victoria Lehman, Ronald A. Cooper, Patrick Rosner, Michael K. TI Using lamina screws as a salvage technique at C-7: computed tomography and biomechanical analysis using cadaveric vertebrae Laboratory investigation SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE LA English DT Article DE salvage technique; lamina screw; cadaveric specimen; pedicle screw; insertional torque ID SPINAL STABILIZATION METHODS; SUBAXIAL CERVICAL-SPINE; LATERAL MASS SCREWS; PEDICLE SCREWS; THORACIC SPINE; FIXATION; POSTERIOR; PLACEMENT; INSERTION; FAILURE AB Object. Transpedicular instrumentation at C-7 has been well accepted, but salvage techniques are limited. Lamina screws have been shown to be a biomechanically Sound salvage technique in the proximal thoracic spine, but have not been evaluated in the lower cervical spine. The following study evaluates the anatomical feasibility of lamina screws at C-7 as well as their bone-screw interface strength as a salvage technique. Methods. Nine fresh-frozen C-7 cadaveric specimens were scanned for bone mineral density using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Prior to testing, all specimens were imaged using CT to obtain 1-mm axial sections. Caliper measurements of both pedicle width and laminar thickness were obtained. On the right side, pedicle screws were first inserted and then pulled out. Salvage intralaminar screws were inserted into the left lamina from the right spinous process/lamina junction and then pulled out. All screws were placed by experienced cervical spine surgeons under direct fluoroscopic visualization. Pedicle and lamina screws were 4.35- and 3.5-mm in diameter, respectively. Screws sizes were chosen based on direct and radiographic measurements of the respective anatomical regions. Insertional torque (IT) was measured in pounds per inch. Tensile loading to failure was performed in-line with the screw axis at a rate of 0.25 mm/sec using a MiniBionix II system with data recorded in Newtons. Results. Using lamina screws as a salvage technique generated mean pullout forces (778.9 +/- 161.4 N) similar to that of the index pedicle screws (805.3 +/- 261.7 N; p = 0.796). However, mean lamina screw peak IT (5.2 +/- 2.0 lbs/in) was significantly lower than mean index pedicle screw peak IT (9.1 +/- 3.6 lbs/in; p = 0.012). Bone mineral density was strongly correlated with pedicle screw pullout strength (r = 0.95) but less with lamina screw pullout strength (r = 0.04). The mean lamina width measured using calipers (5.7 +/- 1.0 mm) was significantly different from the CT-measured mean lamina width (5.1 +/- 0.8 mm; p = 0.003). Similarly, the mean pedicle width recorded with calipers (6.6 +/- 1.1 mm) was significantly different from the CT-measured mean pedicle width (6.2 +/- 1.3 mm; p = 0.014). The mean laminar width measured on CT at the thinnest point ranged from 3.8 to 6.8 mm, allowing a 3.5-min screw to be placed without difficulty. Conclusions. These results suggest that using lamina screws as a salvage technique at C-7 provides similar fixation strength as the index pedicle screw. The C-7 lamina appears to have an ideal anatomical width for the insertion of 3.5-mm screws commonly used for cervical fusions. Therefore, if the transpedicular screw fails, using intralaminar screws appear to be a biomechanically sound salvage technique. (DOI:10.3171/2009.3.SPINE08648) C1 [Cardoso, Mario J.; Stephens, Frederick; Campbell, Victoria; Cooper, Patrick; Rosner, Michael K.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Dmitriev, Anton E.; Helgeson, Melvin D.; Lehman, Ronald A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cardoso, MJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM mtcardoso@comcast.net NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI ROLLING MEADOWS PA 5550 MEADOWBROOK DRIVE, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008 USA SN 1547-5654 J9 J NEUROSURG-SPINE JI J. Neurosurg.-Spine PD JUL PY 2009 VL 11 IS 1 BP 28 EP 33 DI 10.3171/2009.3.SPINE08648 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 462VC UT WOS:000267384100007 PM 19569937 ER PT J AU Tucker, JS Sinclair, RR Mohr, CD Adler, AB Thomas, JL Salvi, AD AF Tucker, Jennifer S. Sinclair, Robert R. Mohr, Cynthia D. Adler, Amy B. Thomas, Jeffrey L. Salvi, Angela D. TI Stress and Counterproductive Work Behavior: Multiple Relationships Between Demands, Control, and Soldier Indiscipline Over Time SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE work stress; job control; indiscipline; counterproductive work behavior; longitudinal research ID SUBSTANCE USE; JOB STRAIN; DRUG-USE; HEALTH; MODEL; SUPPORT; IMPACT; CWB AB Cognitive Resource Theory (CRT) suggests that under high levels of stress, employees are more prone to committing indiscipline. As few studies have examined this relationship over time, the authors conducted a six-wave longitudinal study examining the relationship of soldiers' indiscipline with work demands and control. The study included archival data collected quarterly over 2 years from 1,701 soldiers representing 10 units in garrison (Germany and Italy), in training rotations (Grafenwoehr, Germany), and on peacekeeping deployments (Kosovo, Kuwait). No main effects were found for work overload, and the findings for the moderating effects of control were contradictory. Within each time point, as work overload increased, soldiers who felt less control committed more indiscipline, supporting CRT. Over time, however, as work overload increased, soldiers who perceived less control 6 months earlier committed less indiscipline. Additionally, the authors found reverse causal effects for control such that prior perceptions of a lack of control were associated with indiscipline and prior incidents of indiscipline with less control. C1 [Tucker, Jennifer S.] USA, Res Inst, Med Res Unit Europe, Ft Benning, GA 31995 USA. [Tucker, Jennifer S.; Sinclair, Robert R.; Mohr, Cynthia D.] Portland State Univ, Dept Psychol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Thomas, Jeffrey L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mil Psychiat, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Tucker, JS (reprint author), USA, Res Inst, Med Res Unit Europe, POB 52086, Ft Benning, GA 31995 USA. EM jennifer.s.tucker@us.army.mil NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 17 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1076-8998 J9 J OCCUP HEALTH PSYCH JI J. Occup. Health Psychol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 14 IS 3 BP 257 EP 271 DI 10.1037/a0014951 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Applied SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology GA 481MG UT WOS:000268814900004 PM 19586221 ER PT J AU Plevnia, JR Smith, JA Stone, CG AF Plevnia, Julia R. Smith, Julie Ann Stone, Charles G. TI Bifid Mandibular Condyle Without History of Trauma or Pain: Report of a Case SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article ID TEMPOROMANDIBULAR-JOINT ANKYLOSIS; THE-LITERATURE C1 [Plevnia, Julia R.; Stone, Charles G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Oral Maxillofacial Surg Dept, Washington, DC 20003 USA. [Smith, Julie Ann] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Plevnia, JR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Oral Maxillofacial Surg Dept, 6900 NW Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20003 USA. EM jplevnia@yahoo.com NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 67 IS 7 BP 1555 EP 1561 DI 10.1016/j.joms.2008.06.083 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 467CH UT WOS:000267713600034 PM 19531436 ER PT J AU Jackson, SR Richelsoph, KC Courtney, HS Wenke, JC Branstetter, JG Bumgardner, JD Haggard, WO AF Jackson, Stephanie R. Richelsoph, Kelly C. Courtney, Harry S. Wenke, Joseph C. Branstetter, Joanna G. Bumgardner, Joel D. Haggard, Warren O. TI Preliminary In Vitro Evaluation of an Adjunctive Therapy for Extremity Wound Infection Reduction: Rapidly Resorbing Local Antibiotic Delivery SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE drug delivery; calcium sulfate; infection; musculoskeletal trauma; bioresorbable ID CALCIUM-SULFATE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; RESISTANCE; OSTEOMYELITIS; TOBRAMYCIN; BIOFILMS; IMPLANTATION; COMBINATION; GENTAMICIN; VANCOMYCIN AB Despite the continuing advances in treatment of open fractures and musculoskeletal wounds, infection remains a serious complication. Current treatments to prevent infection utilize surgical debridement and irrigation, and high closes of systemic antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this work was to evaluate, in vitro, the potential of a fast-resorbing calcium Sulfate pellet loaded with an antibiotic. The pellet could be used as an adjunctive therapy at the time of debridement and irrigation to reduce bacterial wound contamination. Small pellets containing a binder and calcium sulfate were engineered to resorb rapidly (within 24 h) and deliver high local doses of antibiotic (amikacin, gentamicin, or vancomycin) to the wound site while minimizing systemic effects. Results from dissolution, elution, and biological activity tests against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were used to compare the performance of antibiotic-loaded, rapidly resorbing calcium sulfate pellets to antibiotic-loaded crushed conventional calcium sulfate pellets. Antibiotic-loaded rapidly resorbing pellets dissolved in vitro in deionized water in 12-16 h and released therapeutic antibiotic levels in phosphate buffered saline that were above the minimal inhibitory concentration for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, completely inhibiting the growth of these bacteria for the life of the pellet. Crushed conventional calcium sulfate pellets dissolved over 4-6 days, but the eluates only contained sufficient antibiotic to inhibit growth for the first 4 h. These data indicate that fast-resorbing pellets can release antibiotics rapidly and at therapeutic levels. Adjunctive therapy With Fast-acting pellets is promising and warrants further in vivo studies. (C) 2008 Othopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:903-908, 2009 C1 [Jackson, Stephanie R.; Richelsoph, Kelly C.; Bumgardner, Joel D.; Haggard, Warren O.] Univ Memphis, Joint Program Biomed Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Jackson, Stephanie R.; Richelsoph, Kelly C.; Bumgardner, Joel D.; Haggard, Warren O.] Univ Tennessee, Herff Coll Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Courtney, Harry S.] Univ Tennessee, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Memphis, TN 38104 USA. [Courtney, Harry S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Med, Memphis, TN 38104 USA. [Wenke, Joseph C.; Branstetter, Joanna G.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Haggard, WO (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Joint Program Biomed Engn, 330 Eng Technol Bldg, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. EM whaggrd1@memphis.edu FU U.S. Army [W81XWH-070206] FX This study was funded by the U.S. Army (OTRP W81XWH-070206). Special thanks to Dr. Mark Smeltzer and Sonja Daily (University of Arkansas School of Medicine, Little Rock, AR), Lou Boykins (Electron Microscopy Center, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN), Dr. Sanjay Mishra (Department of Physics, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN), and Linda Morris and Ann Burgess (Wright Medical Technology, Arlington, TN). NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0736-0266 J9 J ORTHOP RES JI J. Orthop. Res. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 27 IS 7 BP 903 EP 908 DI 10.1002/jor.20828 PG 6 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 457LU UT WOS:000266931000010 PM 19105225 ER PT J AU Crowell, MS Gill, NW AF Crowell, Michael S. Gill, Norman W. TI Medical Screening and Evacuation: Cauda Equina Syndrome in a Combat Zone SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE direct access; lumbar spine; low back pain; red flags; spinal cord ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; LUMBAR DISC HERNIATION; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; PHYSICAL-THERAPISTS; SYNDROME SECONDARY; LUMBOSACRAL RADICULOPATHY; ORTHOPEDIC SURGEONS; PREDICTION RULE; UNITED-STATES AB STUDY DESIGN: Resident's case problem. BACKGROUND: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare, potentially devastating, disorder and is considered a true neurologic emergency. CES often has a rapid clinical progression, making timely recognition and immediate surgical referral essential. DIAGNOSIS: A 32-year-old male presented to a medical aid station in Iraq with a history of 4 weeks of insidious onset and recent worsening of low back, left buttock, and posterior left thigh pain. He denied symptoms distal to the knee, paresthesias, saddle anesthesia, or bowel and bladder function changes. At the initial examination, the patient was neurologically intact throughout all lumbosacral levels with negative straight-leg raises. He also presented with severely limited lumbar flexion active range of motion, and reduction of symptoms occurred with repeated lumbar extension. At the follow-up visit, 10 days later, he reported a new, sudden onset of saddle anesthesia, constipation, and urinary hesitancy, with physical exam findings of right plantar flexion weakness, absent right ankle reflex, and decreased anal sphincter tone. No advanced medical imaging capabilities were available locally. Due to suspected CES, the patient was medically evacuated to a neurosurgeon and within 48 hours underwent an emergent L4-5 laminectomy/decompression. He returned to full military duty 18 weeks after surgery without back or lower extremity symptoms or neurological deficit. DISCUSSION: This case demonstrates the importance of continual medical screening for physical therapists throughout the patient management cycle. It further demonstrates the importance of immediate referral to surgical specialists when CES is suspected, as rapid intervention offers the best prognosis for recovery. C1 [Gill, Norman W.] Baylor Univ, USA, Postprofess Doctoral Program Orthoped Manual Phys, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Crowell, MS (reprint author), 235 Lancaster Way, Richmond Hill, GA 31324 USA. EM michael.crowell2@us.army.mil NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 39 IS 7 BP 541 EP 549 DI 10.2519/jospt.2009.2999 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 468QI UT WOS:000267834400006 PM 19574660 ER PT J AU O'Brien, JR Dmitriev, AE Yu, W Gelb, D Ludwig, S AF O'Brien, Joseph R. Dmitriev, Anton E. Yu, Warren Gelb, Daniel Ludwig, Steven TI Posterior-only Stabilization of 2-column and 3-column Injuries at the Cervicothoracic Junction A Biomechanical Study SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE cervicothoracic junction; pedicle screw; instrumentation; biomechanical ID THORACIC SPINE; PEDICLE SCREWS; CERVICAL-SPINE; INSTRUMENTATION; DISLOCATIONS; FRACTURES; CLASSIFICATION; DISORDERS; FIXATION; COLUMN AB Study Design: A biomechanical study conducted on cadaveric specimens. Objectives: The objectives of the study were (1) to determine whether a 3-column injury at the cervicothoracic junction may be stabilized with only posterior instrumentation and (2) to determine optimal cross-link position. Summary of Background Data: Previous literature has suggested that 3-column cervicothoracic injury requires both anterior and posterior instrumentation to restore spinal stability. Methods: Multidirectional flexibility analysis was performed under axial rotation, flexion extension, and lateral bending. After intact analysis, C7-T1 was destabilized simulating a 2-column injury and specimens instrumented from C6-T2 with lateral mass (C6) and pedicle (C7-T2) screws using dual diameter rods and retested. C7-T1 was further destabilized to a 3-column injury and specimens retested once again. The addition of a cross-link in either the cervical, thoracic, or combined positions was also analyzed. Range of motion (ROM) at C7-T1 and of the whole construct was recorded using optoelectronic markers and data normalized to intact condition (% intact). Statistical significance criterion was set at P < 0.05. Results: Greater than 75% reduction of intact ROM was achieved after posterior-only instrumentation of a 3-column injury (P < 0.05) using modern instrumentation and technique. For a 2-column injury, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was found with or without cross-links. ROM at C7-T1 was effectively reduced by 85% or more compared with intact preinjury motion in all planes. A trend toward increased stability at C7-T1 was noted from the application of a thoracic cross-link versus a cervical cross-link. Conclusions: A 3-column injury at the cervicothoracic junction may be stabilized from a biomechanical standpoint using posterior-only instrumentation. The addition of 2 cross-links further stabilizes the cervicothoracic junction in a 3-column injury. A thoracic cross-link was not significantly different from 2 cross-links. The use of a cross-link in 2-column flexion distraction injuries at the cervicothoracic junction may be unnecessary. C1 [O'Brien, Joseph R.; Yu, Warren] George Washington Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Dmitriev, Anton E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Spine Res Lab, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Gelb, Daniel; Ludwig, Steven] Univ Maryland, Dept Orthopaed, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP O'Brien, JR (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 2150 Penn Ave,Room 714-W, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM jobrien@mfa.gwu.edu FU Synthes (Synthes, Paoli, PA) FX Supported by funds from Synthes (Synthes, Paoli, PA). NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1536-0652 J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 22 IS 5 BP 340 EP 346 DI 10.1097/BSD.0b013e31816f68d9 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 622LK UT WOS:000279665100006 PM 19525789 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Rieger, W Palkoska, F Van Camp, S Darakjy, S AF Knapik, Joseph J. Rieger, William Palkoska, Frank Van Camp, Steven Darakjy, Salima TI UNITED STATES ARMY PHYSICAL READINESS TRAINING: RATIONALE AND EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICAL TRAINING DOCTRINE SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE exercise; fitness; calisthenics; dumbbell; progressive overload ID ATHLETIC INJURIES; FITNESS OUTCOMES; RUNNING INJURIES; EXERCISE; RECRUITS; FLEXIBILITY; OPERATIONS; STRENGTH; PROGRAM; TASKS AB Knapik, JJ, Rieger, W, Palkoska, F, Van Camp, S, and Darakjy, S. United States Army physical readiness training: rationale and evaluation of the physical training doctrine. J Strength Cond Res 23(4): 1353-1362, 2009-This paper reviews the rationale and evaluations of Physical Readiness Training (PRT), the new U.S. Army physical training doctrine designed to improve soldiers' physical capability for military operations. The purposes of PRT are to improve physical fitness, prevent injuries, progressively train soldiers, and develop soldiers' self-confidence and discipline. The PRT follows the principles of progressive overload, regularity, specificity, precision, variety, and balance. Specificity was achieved by examining the standard list of military (warrior) tasks and determining 1) the physical requirements, 2) the fitness components involved, and 3) the training activities that most likely could improve the military tasks. Injury-prevention features include reduced running mileage, exercise variety (cross-training), and gradual, progressive training. In 3 military field studies, the overall adjusted risk of injury was 1.5-1.8 times higher in groups of soldiers performing traditional military physical training programs when compared with groups using a PRT program. Scores on the Army Physical Fitness Test were similar or higher in groups using PRT programs. In an 8-week laboratory study comparing PRT with a weightlifting/running program, both programs resulted in major improvements in militarily relevant tasks (e.g., 3.2-km walk/run with 32-kg load, 400-m run with 18-kg load, 5- to 30-second rushes to and from prone position, 80-kg casualty drag, obstacle course). When compared with traditional military physical training programs, PRT consistently resulted in fewer injuries and in equal or greater improvements in fitness and military task performance. C1 [Knapik, Joseph J.; Darakjy, Salima] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD USA. [Rieger, William; Palkoska, Frank; Van Camp, Steven] USA, Phys Fitness Sch, Ft Benning, GA USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD USA. EM joseph.knapik@us.army.mil NR 61 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1353 EP 1362 DI 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318194df72 PG 10 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 514NG UT WOS:000271401000043 PM 19528858 ER PT J AU Lundy, JB Johnson, EK Seery, JM Pham, T Frizzi, JD Chasen, AB AF Lundy, Jonathan B. Johnson, Eric K. Seery, Jason M. Pham, Tach Frizzi, James D. Chasen, Arthur B. TI Conservative Management of Retained Cardiac Missiles: Case Report and Literature Review SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; AIR GUN PELLET; RECURRENT PERICARDIAL-EFFUSION; INTRACARDIAC FOREIGN-BODY; VENOUS BULLET EMBOLISM; CHEST-X-RAY; CORONARY-ARTERY; NAIL-GUN; RIGHT VENTRICLE; RIGHT HEART AB Intracardiac foreign bodies may be caused by direct penetrating trauma, embolization from injury to another area of the body, or iatrogenically from fragments of intravascular access devices. Penetrating cardiac trauma commonly presents with a hemodynamically unstable patient necessitating emergent life-saving procedures. Missile embolization to the heart can occur after injury to systemic and pulmonary veins. Central venous access devices may fracture after placement and embolize. Especially in the setting of penetrating cardiac trauma, these intracardiac foreign bodies require expeditious removal. Limited data exist regarding the conservative management of intracardiac material after trauma. We present the case of a 42-year-old male soldier injured in a mortar blast in Iraq who suffered multiple injuries to include a right hemopneumothorax and soft tissue injuries to the chest and both lower extremities that was found to have a 2-cm by 2-mm intracardiac metal fragment. Additional imaging revealed a metallic fragment localized to the interatrial septum. The patient suffered no adverse sequelae from nonoperative management. A review of the world literature regarding the subject of posttraumatic retained cardiac missiles (RCMs) is also included to help future surgeons in the management of this rare entity. (J Surg 66:228-235. (C) 2009 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) C1 [Lundy, Jonathan B.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Trauma Surg Crit Care, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Johnson, Eric K.; Seery, Jason M.; Pham, Tach; Frizzi, James D.; Chasen, Arthur B.] USA, Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Lundy, JB (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Trauma Surg Crit Care, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM jonathan.lundy@amedd.army.mil NR 88 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1931-7204 J9 J SURG EDUC JI J. Surg. Educ. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 66 IS 4 BP 228 EP 235 DI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2009.04.002 PG 8 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Surgery SC Education & Educational Research; Surgery GA 522FZ UT WOS:000271984600012 PM 19896630 ER PT J AU Lynch, JH Bove, AA AF Lynch, James H. Bove, Alfred A. TI Diving Medicine: A Review of Current Evidence SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID PATENT FORAMEN OVALE; DECOMPRESSION ILLNESS; SCUBA; DIVERS; PREVENTION; SICKNESS; EXERCISE; ADULTS; RISK AB Recreational scuba diving is a growing sport worldwide, with an estimated 4 million sport divers in the United States alone. Because divers may seek medical care for a disorder acquired in a remote location, physicians everywhere should be familiar with the physiology, injury patterns, and treatment of injuries and illnesses unique to the underwater environment. Failure to properly recognize, diagnose, and appropriately treat some diving injuries can have catastrophic results. In addition, recreational dive certification organizations require physical examinations for medical clearance to dive. This article will review both common and potentially life-threatening conditions associated with diving and will review current evidence behind fitness to dive considerations for elderly divers and those with common medical conditions. (J Am Board Fam Med 2009;22:399-407.) C1 [Lynch, James H.] USA, Special Forces Group 5, Ft Campbell, KY USA. [Bove, Alfred A.] Temple Univ, Sch Med, Cardiol Sect, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Lynch, JH (reprint author), DeWitt ACH, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM james.h.lynch@us.army.mil NR 51 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER BOARD FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEXINGTON PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA SN 1557-2625 J9 J AM BOARD FAM MED JI J. Am. Board Fam. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 22 IS 4 BP 399 EP 407 DI 10.3122/jabfm.2009.04.080099 PG 9 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 468OK UT WOS:000267828700011 PM 19587254 ER PT J AU White, PW Fox, CJ Feuerstein, IM AF White, Paul W. Fox, Charles J. Feuerstein, Irwin M. TI Cervical Rib Causing Arterial Thoracic Outlet Syndrome SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [White, Paul W.] DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. [Fox, Charles J.; Feuerstein, Irwin M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP White, PW (reprint author), DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 209 IS 1 BP 148 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.12.034 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 470CT UT WOS:000267952300021 PM 19651077 ER PT J AU McClung, HL Sigrist, LD Smith, TJ Karl, JP Rood, JC Young, AJ Bathalon, GP AF McClung, Holly L. Sigrist, Lori D. Smith, Tracey J. Karl, J. Philip Rood, Jennifer C. Young, Andrew J. Bathalon, Gaston P. TI Monitoring Energy Intake: A Hand-Held Personal Digital Assistant Provides Accuracy Comparable to Written Records SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DOUBLY-LABELED WATER; DIETARY ASSESSMENT; FOOD RECORDS; EXPENDITURE; WOMEN; VALIDATION; PROGRAM; OBESE; VALIDITY; WEIGHT AB New approaches to assess energy intake (EI) may have advantages over traditional written methods, but validity of these emerging methodologies must be demonstrated. This exploratory study compared EI obtained using a hand-held personal digital assistant (PDA) and traditional written records with total energy expenditure measured by doubly labeled water (TEE(DLW)). Twenty-six volunteers (aged 23 +/- 4 years, body mass index [calculated as kg/m(2)] 24 +/- 2) participated in a randomized (either PDA or written record group) and matched (for sex, age, and body mass index) study for 7 consecutive days between June 2005 and April 2006 to record EI. Group comparisons were made with t and Mann-Whitney U tests. Bland-Altman plots were used to compare limits of agreement between methods. Volunteers remained weight stable during the study period (0.2 +/- 0.8 kg; P > 0.05). Reported El by written record and PDA were similar to TEE(DLW); 105% vs 92% of TEE(DLW), respectively (P > 0.05). There was a significant relationship between reported El by PDA and TEE(DLW) (r=0.60, P < 0.05), but not for written record (r=0.45, P > 0.05). Limits of agreement indicated both written record and PDA had large variability (range 1,394 to -1,472 kcal/day). Findings suggest the bias in using a PDA is similar to that observed when using a written record for estimation of El in weight-stable volunteers. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109:1241-1245. C1 [McClung, Holly L.; Sigrist, Lori D.; Smith, Tracey J.; Karl, J. Philip; Young, Andrew J.; Bathalon, Gaston P.] USA, Mil Nutr Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Sigrist, Lori D.] USA, Grad Program Nutr, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Rood, Jennifer C.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Clin Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP McClung, HL (reprint author), USA, Mil Nutr Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM holly.mcclung@amedd.army.mil OI Karl, J. Philip/0000-0002-5871-2241 FU Medical Research Materiel Command, United States Army FX This research was funded by Medical Research Materiel Command, United States Army. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 109 IS 7 BP 1241 EP 1245 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2009.04.015 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 468UE UT WOS:000267847400023 PM 19559143 ER PT J AU Cicolani, LS Cone, A Theron, JN Robinson, LTCD Lusardi, J Tischler, MB Rosen, A Raz, R AF Cicolani, Luigi S. Cone, Andrew Theron, Johannes N. Robinson, L. T. C. Dwight Lusardi, Jeffery Tischler, Mark B. Rosen, Aviv Raz, Reuben TI Flight Test and Simulation of a Cargo Container Slung Load in Forward Flight SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This paper presents recent results from a cooperative effort by the U.S. Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate, the Technion Israel Institute of Technology, and Northern Arizona University to study and simulate the behavior of the 6 x 6 x 8 ft CONEX cargo container in forward flight suspended beneath a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter. This load, like other cargo containers, is subject to massively separated unsteady flow and is limited by stability to operational airspeeds well below the power-limited speed of the configuration. The study makes use of aerodynamic data from wind tunnel, flight test, and computational fluid dynamics. The objective is a simulation of the helicopter slung load system validated over the complete flight envelope. The principal remaining technical challenge is a model of the unsteady load aerodynamics capable of predicting the critical unstable speed. Some progress has been made in meeting this challenge. C1 [Cicolani, Luigi S.] San Jose State Univ Fdn, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Cone, Andrew] Calif Polytech Inst, San Luis Obispo, CA USA. [Theron, Johannes N.] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Robinson, L. T. C. Dwight; Lusardi, Jeffery; Tischler, Mark B.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMRDEC, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Rosen, Aviv; Raz, Reuben] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Haifa, Israel. RP Cicolani, LS (reprint author), San Jose State Univ Fdn, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA USA. EM luigi.cicolani@us.army.mil NR 31 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 AR 032006 DI 10.4050/JAHS.54.032006 PG 18 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA V16MR UT WOS:000207874200006 ER PT J AU Lim, JW McAlister, KW Johnson, W AF Lim, Joon W. McAlister, Kenneth W. Johnson, Wayne TI Hover Performance Correlation for Full-Scale and Model-Scale Coaxial Rotors SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID VORTEX AB The hover performance data of full-scale and model-scale coaxial rotors have been compared with CAMRAD II predictions having a free vortex wake analysis. Performance correlations of a coaxial rotor were made with a variation of key parameters including the rotor spacing and height. To understand aerodynamic behavior of the U.S. Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate (AFDD) coaxial rotor operating over a range of Reynolds numbers from 36,000 to 180,000, the Reynolds number scaling effect was explored using an airfoil design code, MSES. It was found that the coaxial rotor spacing effect on hover performance was minimal for the rotor spacing larger than 20% of the rotor diameter. The measured performance data showed that more thrust was lost from the lower rotor of a coaxial than the upper rotor due to a larger rotor-to-rotor wake interference effect, and the lower rotor kept only an 81% of the single rotor OGE (out-of-ground effect) thrust whereas the upper rotor maintained a 90%. The lower rotor IGE (in-ground effect) thrust increased quickly by 26% as the rotor approached to the ground from the position of an 80% of the rotor diameter to 10%, and the corresponding IGE power increased by 17%. These thrust and power characteristics were well predicted. Overall, the performance prediction for the coaxial rotor was satisfactory when compared with the measured data. C1 [Lim, Joon W.; McAlister, Kenneth W.] US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Ames Res Ctr, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMRDEC, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Johnson, Wayne] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Aeromech Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Lim, JW (reprint author), US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Ames Res Ctr, Aeroflightdynam Directorate AMRDEC, Moffett Field, CA USA. EM joon.lim@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 AR 032005 DI 10.4050/JAHS.54.032005 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA V16MR UT WOS:000207874200005 ER PT J AU Schmitz, S Bhagwat, M Moulton, MA Caradonna, FX Chattot, JJ AF Schmitz, Sven Bhagwat, Mahendra Moulton, Marvin A. Caradonna, Francis X. Chattot, Jean-Jacques TI The Prediction and Validation of Hover Performance and Detailed Blade Loads SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB This paper focuses on the validation of a hybrid computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method for the prediction of isolated rotor hover performance of the model UH-60A and tapered-tip variant rotors by comparison with available data sets. The hybrid method combines a local Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes solver to resolve the near-blade flow, with a vorticity-embedding potential flow solver for the wake flow field. The comparisons entail wake trajectories, surface pressures, integrated sectional thrust and torque, and rotor performance. The wake and loads comparisons demonstrate that the current method has a predictive accuracy and speed that is unusual to most CFD methods. The resulting performance comparisons are inconclusive owing partially to the fact that two available data sets do not agree to the level of accuracy required for validation. It appears therefore that development of hover CFD methods requires validation and test data in greater detail and variety than currently exists. C1 [Schmitz, Sven; Chattot, Jean-Jacques] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bhagwat, Mahendra; Caradonna, Francis X.] USA, AMRDEC, Aeroflightdynam Directorate, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Moulton, Marvin A.] USA, AMRDEC, Aviat Engn Directorate, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. RP Schmitz, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM shschmitz@ucdavis.edu FU U. S. Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate; Institute for HPC Applications FX This work is jointly supported by the U. S. Army Aeroflightdynamics Directorate and by the Institute for HPC Applications to Air Armament. We thank Dr. Jaina Sitaraman for his assistance with the UM-TURNS code. In addition, this work would not have been possible without past support from Mark Silva, NAVAIR, and the Naval Research Office. Many valuable discussions and suggestions from T. Alan Egolf and Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation are appreciated. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 AR 032004 DI 10.4050/JAHS.54.032004 PG 12 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA V16MR UT WOS:000207874200004 ER PT J AU Molloy, JM Christie, DS Teyhen, DS Yeykal, NS Tragord, BS Neal, MS Nelson, ES McPoil, T AF Molloy, Joseph M. Christie, Douglas S. Teyhen, Deydre S. Yeykal, Nancy S. Tragord, Bradley S. Neal, Matthew S. Nelson, Eric S. McPoil, Thomas TI Effect of Running Shoe Type on the Distribution and Magnitude of Plantar Pressures in Individuals with Low- or High-Arched Feet SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID FOOT POSTURE INDEX; LONGITUDINAL ARCH; OVERUSE INJURIES; WALKING; HEIGHT; DESIGN; MOTION; CHARACTERIZE; BIOMECHANICS; RELIABILITY AB Background: Research addressing the effect of running shoe type on the low- or high-arched foot during gait is limited. We sought 1) to analyze mean plantar pressure and mean contact area differences between low- and high-arched feet across three test conditions, 2) to determine which regions of the foot (rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot) contributed to potential differences in mean plantar pressure and mean contact area, and 3) to determine the association between the static arch height index and the dynamic modified arch index. Methods: Plantar pressure distributions for 75 participants (40 low arched and 35 high arched) were analyzed across three conditions (nonshod, motion control running shoes, and cushioning running shoes) during treadmill walking. Results: In the motion control and cushioning shoe conditions, mean plantar contact area increased in the midfoot (28% for low arched and 68% for high arched), whereas mean plantar pressure decreased by approximately 30% relative to the nonshod condition. There was moderate to good negative correlation between the arch height index and the modified arch index. Conclusions: Cushioning and motion control running shoes tend to increase midfoot mean plantar contact area while decreasing mean plantar pressure across the low- or high-arched foot. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 99(4): 330-338, 2009) C1 [Molloy, Joseph M.] Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, ATTN,MCCS HGE PT COL Joseph Molloy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Yeykal, Nancy S.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Tragord, Bradley S.] Bliss Army Hlth Ctr, Ft Huachuca, AZ USA. [Neal, Matthew S.] Gen Leonard Wood Army Community Hosp, Ft Leonard Wood, MO USA. [Nelson, Eric S.] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. [McPoil, Thomas] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Molloy, JM (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, ATTN,MCCS HGE PT COL Joseph Molloy, 3151 Scott Rd,Room 1303, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Joseph.Molloy@amedd.army.mil NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PODIATRIC MED ASSOC PI BETHESDA PA 9312 OLD GEORGETOWN ROAD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-1621 USA SN 8750-7315 J9 J AM PODIAT MED ASSN JI J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 99 IS 4 BP 330 EP 338 PG 9 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 474FH UT WOS:000268267500007 PM 19605927 ER PT J AU Martini, WZ AF Martini, Wenjun Zhou TI Coagulopathy by Hypothermia and Acidosis: Mechanisms of Thrombin Generation and Fibrinogen Availability SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID LIFE-THREATENING COAGULOPATHY; TRAUMA PATIENT HYPOTHERMIA; COAGULATION ABNORMALITIES; INDEPENDENT CONTRIBUTIONS; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; BLOOD-LOSS; IN-VIVO; SWINE; PH; BICARBONATE AB Background: Although the lethal triad of hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy has been recognized for a decade, the underlying mechanisms related to the development of coagulopathy are not fully understood. Consequently, current strategy in treating trauma patients with coagulopathy is limited to "Staying out of the trouble" instead of "getting out of trouble." A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms will facilitate the search for effective therapeutic approaches when this lethal triad cannot be avoided. Methods: Reviewing recent studies that explored alterations of thrombin generation and fibrinogen availability caused by hypothermia and acidosis. Results: Hypothermia and acidosis compromise thrombin-generation kinetics via different mechanisms. Hypothermia primarily inhibits the initiation phase, whereas acidosis severely inhibits the propagation phase of thrombin generation. Similarly, hypothermia and acidosis affect fibrinogen metabolism differently. Hypothermia inhibits fibrinogen synthesis, whereas acidosis accelerates fibrinogen degradation, leading to a potential deficit in fibrinogen availability. In addition, coagulation complications caused by acidosis cannot be immediately corrected by pH neutralization alone. Conclusions: Hypothermia and acidosis impair thrombin generation and fibrinogen availability via different mechanisms. Current data indicate that pH correction alone cannot immediately correct acidosis-induced coagulation impairments. Future studies are warranted to test the effects of pH neutralization in conjunction with fibrinogen supplementation in normalizing acidosis-induced clotting complications. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Hemostasis Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Martini, WZ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Hemostasis Program, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM wenjun.martini@amedd.army.mil FU US Army Medical Research and Medical Command FX Supported by the US Army Medical Research and Medical Command. NR 48 TC 94 Z9 104 U1 2 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUL PY 2009 VL 67 IS 1 BP 202 EP 209 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181a602a7 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 470CZ UT WOS:000267953100037 PM 19590336 ER PT J AU Hudak, SJ Hakim, S AF Hudak, Steven J. Hakim, Samuel TI Operative Management of Wartime Genitourinary Injuries at Balad Air Force Theater Hospital, 2005 to 2008 SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE wounds and injuries; urogenital system; war; reconstructive surgical procedures; Iraq ID IRAQI FREEDOM; WAR INJURIES; EXPERIENCE; TRAUMA; WOUNDS AB Purpose: We detail the 3-year experience of operative combat urology of genito-urinary surgeons stationed at Balad Air Force Theater Hospital, Balad, Iraq. Materials and Methods: We performed an institutional review board approved, retrospective review of operative logs of the 9 urologists deployed to Balad Air Force Theater Hospital from June, 1 2005 to June 1, 2008. All operative cases performed by the urologists deployed to this facility were reviewed. Patients were grouped by injury location and operative approach. Analysis included the calculation of relative injury rates by location and the incidence of organ preservation. Results: During the 36 months reviewed 273 patients underwent a total of 361 operative and 25 endoscopic procedures for 1 or more genitourinary injuries. Of the patients 227 (83.1%) had wounds to the lower genitourinary tract, 39 (14.3%) had wounds to the upper genitourinary tract and 7 (2.6%) had upper and lower genitourinary injuries. Exploration, debridement and repair of soft tissue injury to the external genitalia were the most commonly performed procedures. Of the 88 testicular injuries explored testicular salvage was achieved in 45 (51.1%). Nephrectomy was required in 17 of the 27 operative renal injury cases (63.0%). Conclusions: Most genitourinary injuries treated at Balad Air Force Theater Hospital involve the lower genitourinary tract. The high frequency of genital trauma often requires staged reconstructive procedures. Acceptable renal and testicular salvage rates are attainable. This study highlights the diverse array of surgical treatment modalities needed to manage genitourinary trauma during Operation Iraqi Freedom. C1 [Hakim, Samuel] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hakim, S (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, 859 MSGS MCSU,2200 Bergquist Dr,Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM Samuel.Hakim@lackland.af.mil NR 9 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 182 IS 1 BP 180 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.juro.2009.02.150 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 457RI UT WOS:000266949800075 PM 19450817 ER PT J AU Mancini, JG Kizer, WS Jones, LA Mora, RV Morey, AF AF Mancini, J. G. Kizer, W. S. Jones, L. A. Mora, R. V. Morey, A. F. TI Patient Satisfaction After Dual Implantation of Inflatable Penile and Artificial Urinary Sphincter Prostheses Editorial Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mancini, J. G.; Kizer, W. S.; Jones, L. A.; Mora, R. V.; Morey, A. F.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Mancini, JG (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 182 IS 1 BP 185 EP 186 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 457RI UT WOS:000266949800078 ER PT J AU Waxman, S Beekley, A Morey, A Soderdahl, D AF Waxman, S. Beekley, A. Morey, A. Soderdahl, D. TI Penetrating Trauma to the External Genitalia in Operation Iraqi Freedom Editorial Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Waxman, S.; Beekley, A.; Morey, A.; Soderdahl, D.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Waxman, S (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 182 IS 1 BP 186 EP 187 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 457RI UT WOS:000266949800079 ER PT J AU Carrera, M Sagripanti, JL AF Carrera, Monica Sagripanti, Jose-Luis TI Non-infectious plasmid engineered to simulate multiple viral threat agents SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis; Influenza; Rift Valley Fever; Machupo; Lassa virus; Yellow Fever; Ebola; Eastern equine encephalitis; Junin virus; Marburg virus; Dengue; Crimean-Congo virus ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RESPIRATORY VIRUSES; RT-PCR; DIAGNOSIS; SPECIMENS; SEQUENCE; ASSAYS; EBOLA AB The aim of this study was to design and construct a non-virulent simulant to replace several pathogenic viruses in the development of detection and identification methods in biodefense. A non-infectious simulant was designed and engineered to include the nucleic acid signature of VEEV (Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus), Influenza virus, Rift Valley Fever virus, Machupo virus, Lassa virus, Yellow Fever virus, Ebola virus, Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus, Junin virus, Marburg virus, Dengue virus, and Crimean-Congo virus, all in a single construct. The nucleic acid sequences of all isolates available for each virus species were aligned using ClustalW software in order to obtain conserved regions of the viral genomes. Specific primers were designed to permit the identification and differentiation between viral threat agents. A chimera of 3143 base pairs was engineered to produce 13 PCR amplicons of different sizes. PCR amplification of the simulant with virus-specific primers revealed products of the predicted length, in bands of similar intensity, and without detectable unspecific products by electrophoresis analysis. The simulant described could reduce the need to use infectious viruses in the development of detection and diagnostic methods, and could also be useful as a non-virulent positive control in nucleic acid-based tests against biological threat agents. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sagripanti, Jose-Luis] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res Dev & Engn Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Carrera, Monica] COFYB, Lab Assoc Biochemists & Pharmacists, RA-1184 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Sagripanti, JL (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res Dev & Engn Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM joseluis.sagripanti@us.army.mil FU Research and Technology Directorate, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Research Development and Engineering Command, US Army FX This work was supported by In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) funds from the Research and Technology Directorate, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Research Development and Engineering Command, US Army. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JUL PY 2009 VL 159 IS 1 BP 29 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.02.021 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 454NB UT WOS:000266687800006 PM 19442841 ER PT J AU Warfield, KL Bradfute, SB Wells, J Lofts, L Cooper, MT Alves, DA Reed, DK VanTongeren, SA Mech, CA Bavari, S AF Warfield, Kelly L. Bradfute, Steven B. Wells, Jay Lofts, Loreen Cooper, Meagan T. Alves, D. Anthony Reed, Daniel K. VanTongeren, Sean A. Mech, Christine A. Bavari, Sina TI Development and Characterization of a Mouse Model for Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EBOLA-VIRUS-INFECTION; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; GUINEA-PIGS; VP35 PROTEIN; RHESUS-MONKEYS; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES; AGENT DISEASE; ZAIRE VIRUS; PATHOGENESIS; LETHAL AB The lack of a mouse model has hampered an understanding of the pathogenesis and immunity of Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF), the disease caused by marburgvirus (MARV), and has created a bottleneck in the development of antiviral therapeutics. Primary isolates of the filoviruses, i.e., ebolavirus (EBOV) and MARV, are not lethal to immunocompetent adult mice. Previously, pathological, virologic, and immunologic evaluation of a mouse-adapted EBOV, developed by sequential passages in suckling mice, identified many similarities between this model and EBOV infections in nonhuman primates. We recently demonstrated that serially passaging virus recovered from the liver homogenates of MARV-infected immunodeficient (SCID) mice was highly successful in reducing the time to death in these mice from 50 to 70 days to 7 to 10 days after challenge with the isolate MARV-Ci67, -Musoke, or -Ravn. In this study, we extended our findings to show that further sequential passages of MARV-Ravn in immunocompetent mice caused the MARV to kill BALB/c mice. Serial sampling studies to characterize the pathology of mouse-adapted MARV-Ravn revealed that this model is similar to the guinea pig and nonhuman primate MHF models. Infection of BALB/c mice with mouse-adapted MARV-Ravn caused uncontrolled viremia and high viral titers in the liver, spleen, lymph node, and other organs; profound lymphopenia; destruction of lymphocytes within the spleen and lymph nodes; and marked liver damage and thrombocytopenia. Sequencing the mouse-adapted MARV-Ravn strain revealed differences in 16 predicted amino acids from the progenitor virus, although the exact changes required for adaptation are unclear at this time. This mouse-adapted MARV strain can now be used to develop and evaluate novel vaccines and therapeutics and may also help to provide a better understanding of the virulence factors associated with MARV. C1 [Warfield, Kelly L.; Bradfute, Steven B.; Wells, Jay; Lofts, Loreen; Cooper, Meagan T.; Alves, D. Anthony; Reed, Daniel K.; VanTongeren, Sean A.; Mech, Christine A.; Bavari, Sina] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Warfield, KL (reprint author), Integrated BioTherapeut Inc, 20358 Seneca Meadows Pkwy, Germantown, MD 20876 USA. EM kelly@integratedbiotherapeutics.com; sina.bavari@us.army.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency JSTO-CBD; Medical Research and Materiel Command FX Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U. S. Army. NR 55 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 83 IS 13 BP 6404 EP 6415 DI 10.1128/JVI.00126-09 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 462LM UT WOS:000267354100009 PM 19369350 ER PT J AU Demirbilek, Z Morrison, D Ertekin, RC AF Demirbilek, Zeki Morrison, Denby Ertekin, R. Cengiz TI Tribute to Subrata Kumar Chakrabarti IN MEMORIAM SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Demirbilek, Zeki] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Morrison, Denby] Shell E&P Inc, Houston, TX 77001 USA. [Ertekin, R. Cengiz] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Demirbilek, Z (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 135 IS 4 BP 125 EP 126 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2009)135:4(125) PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 458VX UT WOS:000267055700001 ER PT J AU Pater, LL Grubb, TG Delaney, DK AF Pater, Larry L. Grubb, Teryl G. Delaney, David K. TI Recommendations for Improved Assessment of Noise Impacts on Wildlife SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE acoustics; behavior; dose-response; measurement; noise guidelines; noise impacts; noise metrics; noise standards; response; sound measurement ID MEXICAN SPOTTED OWLS; HEARING SENSITIVITY; RESPONSES; BEHAVIOR; CORTICOSTERONE AB Research to determine noise impacts on animals benefits from methodology that adequately describes the acoustical stimulus as well as the resulting biological responses. We present acoustical considerations and research techniques that we have found to be useful. These include acoustical definitions and noise measurement techniques that conform to standardized acoustical practice and advice for controlled experimentation to supplement behavioral observation. Specific considerations include characteristics of noise stimulus, selection of noise metrics, use of frequency-weighting algorithms tailored to a specific animal species, selection and placement of noise measurement equipment, and methods for documenting animal responses. We also present arguments for measuring the noise stimulus at the location and time of each response observation. Our purpose is to recommend some baseline terminology, metrics, and techniques prerequisite to effective assessment of noise impacts on terrestrial wildlife whenever and wherever potential conflicts arise. (JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 73(5): 788-795; 2009) C1 [Pater, Larry L.; Delaney, David K.] USA, ERDC, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Grubb, Teryl G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Pater, LL (reprint author), USA, ERDC, Construct Engn Res Lab, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM tgrubb@fs.fed.us NR 60 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 73 IS 5 BP 788 EP 795 DI 10.2193/2006-235 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 465VR UT WOS:000267617300022 ER PT J AU Lee, MG Sedlock, DA Flynn, MG Kamimori, GH AF Lee, Man-Gyoon Sedlock, Darlene A. Flynn, Michael G. Kamimori, Gary H. TI Resting Metabolic Rate after Endurance Exercise Training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE ENERGY EXPENDITURE; AEROBIC EXERCISE; HORMONES; FREE FATTY ACID; GLUCOSE ID ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; AEROBIC POWER; WOMEN; RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE; THERMOGENESIS; INDIVIDUALS; HOMEOSTASIS; INTENSITY AB LEE, M., D, A, SEDLOCK, M G, FLYNN, and G, H, KAMIMORI. Resting Metabolic Rate after Endurance Exercise Training, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 4 1, No. 7, pp. 1444-1451, 2009. Purpose: 1) To examine the effect of a 12-wk endurance exercise training program on RMR and 2) to provide insight into the mechanisms responsible for alterations in RMR that may occur after exercise training. Methods: Male participants (19-32 yr) in an exercise group (EX; n = 9) performed jogging and/or running 3-4 d.wk(-1). 25-40 min per session, at 60%-80% (V)over dotO(2max), whereas subjects in a control group (CON; n = 10) maintained their normal activity patterns. Body composition, (V)over dotO(2max), RMR, epinephrine, norepinephrine, total thyroxine, free thyroxine, insulin, free fatty acids, and glucose were measured before and after the intervention. Results: Training resulted in a significant increase in (V)over dotO(2max) in EX (46.2 +/- 1.2 to 51.0 +/- 1.3 mL.kg(-1).min(-1), P < 0.001). Absolute and relative values for RMR did not significantly change in EX after training. Mean values for epinephrine, norepinephrine, total thyroxine, insulin, and glucose did not significantly change in either group; however, free thyroxine decreased significantly after training in EX (P = 0.04). Training also resulted in a significant increase in free fatty acid concentration in EX (0.37 +/- 0.03 to 0.48 +/- 0.04 mmol.L(-1), P < 0.001). RMR in CON decreased significantly when expressed as an absolute value (P < 0.01) and relative to body weight (P < 0.01), fat-free mass (P < 0.01), and fat mass (P = 0.04). Conclusions: The mechanism for the decrease in CON is unknown, but it may be related to seasonal variations in RMR. Training may have prevented a similar decline in RMR in EX and may be related to a training-induced increase in fat oxidation. C1 [Sedlock, Darlene A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, Wastl Human Performance Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lee, Man-Gyoon] Kyung Hee Univ, Grad Sch Phys Educ, Suwon, South Korea. [Kamimori, Gary H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Sedlock, DA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, Wastl Human Performance Lab, 800 W Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sedlock@purdue.edu NR 37 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1444 EP 1451 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31819bd617 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 461HY UT WOS:000267256800012 PM 19516156 ER PT J AU Qiu, XT Liu, RR Guo, SM Graeter, JH Kecskes, L Wang, JP AF Qiu, Xiaotun Liu, Ranran Guo, Shengmin Graeter, Jesse Harris Kecskes, Laszlo Wang, Jiaping TI Combustion Synthesis Reactions in Cold-Rolled Ni/Al and Ti/Al Multilayers SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS; THIN-FILMS; PHASE-FORMATION; FOILS; AL; PROPAGATION AB In this article, a cold rolling method was developed to fabricate Ni/Al and Ti/Al multilayer foils, and the combustion synthesis reactions in the cold-rolled foils were investigated. Combustion synthesis reactions were initiated by heating one end of the cold-rolled foil in a flame for several seconds. The Ni/Al foils went through three reaction stages. The first reaction stage was a displacement of reaction zone with Al3Ni as the reaction product. During the second stage, the part of the foil in the flame underwent thermal explosion. In the last stage, the heat released by thermal explosion triggered a self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction across the foil that resulted in the formation of AlNi. In contrast, the Ti/Al foils experienced only two reaction stages. First, a displacement of the reaction zone propagated across the foil with formation of Al3Ti at the Ti/Al interface. Then a thermal explosion reaction occurred in the part of foil that was heated in the flame, resulting in many different phases in the reacted foil. C1 [Wang, Jiaping] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Liu, Ranran; Guo, Shengmin; Graeter, Jesse Harris] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Kecskes, Laszlo] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Wang, Jiaping] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Foxconn Nanotechnol Res Ctr, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Qiu, Xiaotun] Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Wang, JP (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM jpwang@tsinghua.edu.cn RI Qiu, Xiaotun/B-1926-2012; Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014; Wang, Jiaping/K-7499-2012 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729; NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 40A IS 7 BP 1541 EP 1546 DI 10.1007/s11661-009-9840-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 459MY UT WOS:000267108200008 ER PT J AU Were, T Davenport, GC Yamo, EO Hittner, JB Awandare, GA Otieno, MF Ouma, C Orago, ASS Vulule, JM Ong'echa, JM Perkins, DJ AF Were, Tom Davenport, Gregory C. Yamo, Emmanuel O. Hittner, James B. Awandare, Gordon A. Otieno, Michael F. Ouma, Collins Orago, Alloys S. S. Vulule, John M. Ong'echa, John M. Perkins, Douglas J. TI Naturally acquired hemozoin by monocytes promotes suppression of RANTES in children with malarial anemia through an IL-10-dependent mechanism SO MICROBES AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Hemozoin; Monocytes; RANTES; IL-10 ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; MIGRATION-INHIBITORY FACTOR; IN-VIVO; CEREBRAL MALARIA; DISEASE SEVERITY; TNF-ALPHA; CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-12; IL-10; PATHOGENESIS AB Regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted (RANTES, CCL-5) is an important immunoregulatory mediator that is suppressed in children with malarial anemia (MA). Although pro-inflammatory (e.g., TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IFN-gamma) and anti-inflammatory (e.g., IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) cytokines regulate RANTES production, their effect on RANTES in children with MA has not been determined. Since intraleukocytic malarial pigment, hemozoin (Hz), causes dysregulation in chemokine and cytokine production, the impact of naturally acquired Hz (pfHz) on RANTES and RANTES-regulatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13) was examined. Circulating RANTES levels progressively declined with increasing levels of pigment-containing monocytes (PCM) (P = 0.035). Additional experiments in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) showed that monocytic acquisition of pfHz (in vivo) was associated with suppression of RANTES under baseline (P = 0.001) and stimulated conditions (P = 0.072). Although high PCM levels were associated with decreased circulating IFN-gamma (P = 0.003) and IL-10 (P = 0.010), multivariate modeling revealed that only PCM (P = 0.048, beta = -0.171) and IL-10 (P < 0.0001, beta = -0.476) were independently associated with RANTES production. Subsequent in vitro experiments revealed that blockade of endogenous IL-10 significantly increased RANTES production (P = 0.028) in PBMC from children with naturally acquired Hz. Results here demonstrate that monocytic acquisition of Hz suppresses RANTES production in children with MA through an IL-10-dependent mechanism. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Davenport, Gregory C.; Ong'echa, John M.; Perkins, Douglas J.] Univ New Mexico, Div Infect Dis, Global & Geog Med Program, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Were, Tom; Yamo, Emmanuel O.; Awandare, Gordon A.; Ouma, Collins; Ong'echa, John M.; Perkins, Douglas J.] Univ New Mexico, Kenya Med Res Inst, Lab Parasit, Kisumu, Kenya. [Were, Tom; Yamo, Emmanuel O.; Awandare, Gordon A.; Ouma, Collins; Ong'echa, John M.; Perkins, Douglas J.] Univ New Mexico, Viral Dis Lab, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Were, Tom] Kenyatta Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hittner, James B.] Coll Charleston, Dept Psychol, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. [Awandare, Gordon A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Otieno, Michael F.] Kenyatta Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Preclin Sci, Nairobi, Kenya. [Orago, Alloys S. S.] Natl AIDS Control Council, Nairobi, Kenya. [Vulule, John M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Perkins, DJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Div Infect Dis, Global & Geog Med Program, Sch Med, MSC10-5550,1 Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM dperkins@salud.unm.edu OI Awandare, Gordon/0000-0002-8793-3641 FU NIH [R01-AI051305]; Fogarty International Center [2D43-TW005884-05] FX This study was supported by grants from the NIH (R01-AI051305, DJP) and Fogarty International Center (2D43-TW005884-05, DJP). The author(s) declare that they have no conflict of interest. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1286-4579 J9 MICROBES INFECT JI Microbes Infect. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 11 IS 8-9 BP 811 EP 819 DI 10.1016/j.micinf.2009.04.021 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 487QX UT WOS:000269291000012 PM 19427395 ER PT J AU Madison, AC Dhawan, A Gerhold, M Vo-Dinh, T Russell, PE Leonard, DN AF Madison, A. C. Dhawan, A. Gerhold, M. Vo-Dinh, T. Russell, P. E. Leonard, D. N. TI FIB/SEM Fabrication of Nanostructures for Plasmonic Sensors and Waveguides SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID SENSING APPLICATIONS C1 [Madison, A. C.; Russell, P. E.; Leonard, D. N.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Dhawan, A.; Gerhold, M.; Vo-Dinh, T.] Duke Univ, Fitzpatrick Inst Photon, Durham, NC 27703 USA. [Dhawan, A.; Gerhold, M.] USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Madison, AC (reprint author), Appalachian State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Boone, NC 28608 USA. FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX A portion of this research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 15 SU 2 BP 354 EP 355 DI 10.1017/S1431927609098894 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA V20CW UT WOS:000208119100175 ER PT J AU Deuster, PA Weinstein, AA Sobel, A Young, AJ AF Deuster, Patricia A. Weinstein, Ali A. Sobel, Annette Young, Andrew J. TI Warfighter Nutrition: Current Opportunities and Advanced Technologies Report From a Department of Defense Workshop SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTERDEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE; NATIONAL DEFENSE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; NUTRIGENOMICS; HEALTH; REQUIREMENTS; METABOLOMICS; EPIGENETICS; PROTECTION; RECRUITS AB The Uniformed Services University hosted a conference in July 2008 entitled "Warfighter Nutrition: Advanced Technologies and Opportunities" with Health Affairs and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency to develop strategic and tactical plans that could enhance Force Health Protection (FHP) by optimizing warfighter nutrition within the Department of Defense (DoD). The conference focused on three aspects of military nutrition: (1) fueling the forces, or garrison feeding; (2) performance optimization or operational feeding during deployment; and (3) nutritional interventions to support health reset and healing. Presentations by speakers addressed practical interventions (i.e., ready for implementation now) and advanced technologies (i.e., approaches meriting prioritized research and development efforts to transition into application). The conference concluded that nutritional optimization represents an integral and proactive approach to prevent illness, injury, and performance degradation throughout all phases of military service. The overarching consensus achieved was that warfighter nutrition, as a cornerstone of FHP, warrants the critical attention of both medical and line leadership to move quickly to support current initiatives and future advanced technologies. C1 [Deuster, Patricia A.] USUHS, Consortium Hlth & Mil Performance CHAMP, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Weinstein, Ali A.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Study Chron Illness & Disabil, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Sobel, Annette] Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Young, Andrew J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Deuster, PA (reprint author), USUHS, Consortium Hlth & Mil Performance CHAMP, Dept Mil & Emergency Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RI Weinstein, Ali/D-3919-2012; Deuster, Patricia/G-3838-2015 OI Deuster, Patricia/0000-0002-7895-0888 FU Office of the Assistant Secretary for Defense for Health Affairs; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency FX The workshop was cofunded by the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Defense for Health Affairs, the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 IS 7 BP 671 EP 677 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LE UT WOS:000278060100001 PM 19685836 ER PT J AU Niebuhr, DW Scott, CT Li, YZ Bedno, SA Han, WW Powers, TE AF Niebuhr, David W. Scott, Christine T. Li, Yuanzhang Bedno, Sheryl A. Han, Weiwei Powers, Timothy E. TI Preaccession Fitness and Body Composition as Predictors of Attrition in US Army Recruits SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-FITNESS; UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; MILITARY AB The Assessment of Recruit Motivation and Strength (ARMS) project evaluated whether active duty Army enlistees who exceeded weight and body-fat standards but were able to pass the ARMS physical fitness test were at elevated risk of early attrition relative to the traditional recruit population. Attrition among 1,146 overweight and over-body-fat (OBF) recruits who passed ARMS was compared to 10,514 fully qualified (FQ) recruits who began service in February 2005 through September 2006. The ARMS test includes a 5-minute step test and a 1-minute pushup test. There were no significant differences in attrition between OBF and FQ at 180 days: adjusted hazard ratios were 1.17 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.65) among females and 1.23 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.58) among males. This study indicates that physically fit recruits who exceeded weight/body-fat standards were equally capable of serving at least 180 days compared to those who met standards. C1 [Niebuhr, David W.; Scott, Christine T.; Li, Yuanzhang; Bedno, Sheryl A.; Han, Weiwei; Powers, Timothy E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Niebuhr, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Niebuhr, David/B-7865-2011; OI Li, Yuanzhang/0000-0001-8872-4430 FU U.S. Army Accession Command; U.S. Military Entrance Processing Command; U.S. Army National Guard Bureau FX This study was funded by the U.S. Army Accession Command, U.S. Military Entrance Processing Command, and U.S. Army National Guard Bureau. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 IS 7 BP 695 EP 701 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LE UT WOS:000278060100005 PM 19685840 ER PT J AU Reynolds, K Cosio-Lima, L Bovill, M Tharion, W Williams, J Hodges, T AF Reynolds, Katy Cosio-Lima, Ludmila Bovill, Maria Tharion, William Williams, Jeff Hodges, Tabitha TI A Comparison of Injuries, Limited-Duty Days, and Injury Risk Factors in Infantry, Artillery, Construction Engineers, and Special Forces Soldiers SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine CY MAY 30-JUN 02, 2007 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Coll Sports Med ID EXERCISE-RELATED INJURIES; TRAINING-RELATED INJURIES; LOWER-EXTREMITY INJURIES; CARPAL-TUNNEL-SYNDROME; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; MILITARY; PREVENTION; SMOKING; SURVEILLANCE AB Objectives: We compared injuries/risk factors in infantry soldiers (I), construction engineers (CE), combat artillery (CA), and Special Forces (SF) during their operational and fitness activities. Methods: Anthropometrics, ethnicity, and fitness data were collected before review of medical records. Results: Injury rates for I, CE, and CA were 4.0, 7.2, and 5.5 injuries/100 soldier-months, respectively; over 70% of them resulted from overuse. SF soldiers had an injury rate of 3.5 injuries/100 soldier-months, 50% of them reported as traumatic. Average limited-duty days (LDDs) were threefold higher in SF. Smoking, BMI >= 25, and APFT run time for 3.2 km >14 minutes were risk factors in I. Caucasian ethnicity, height <170.2 cm, weight >= 90 kg, and BMI >= 25 were risk factors in CE and CA. Age >27 years old was a risk factor in SF. Conclusions: Greater emphasis should be placed on risk factor identification and testing strategies to reduce injuries among SF and other troops. C1 [Reynolds, Katy; Cosio-Lima, Ludmila; Hodges, Tabitha] Univ W Florida, Dept Hlth Leisure & Exercise Sci, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. [Bovill, Maria] USA, Med Dept Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. USA, Med Dept Sch, Ctr Grad Mil Healthcare Educ, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Tharion, William; Williams, Jeff] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Reynolds, K (reprint author), Univ W Florida, Dept Hlth Leisure & Exercise Sci, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 IS 7 BP 702 EP 708 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LE UT WOS:000278060100006 PM 19685841 ER PT J AU Sutlive, TG Mabry, LM Easterling, EJ Durbin, JD Hanson, SL Wainner, RS Childs, JD AF Sutlive, Thomas G. Mabry, Lance M. Easterling, Emmanuel J. Durbin, Jose D. Hanson, Stephen L. Wainner, Robert S. Childs, John D. TI Comparison of Short-Term Response to Two Spinal Manipulation Techniques for Patients With Low Back Pain in a Military Beneficiary Population SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-PREDICTION RULE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FEAR-AVOIDANCE BELIEFS; LUMBAR; DISABILITY; THERAPY; QUESTIONNAIRE; MOBILIZATION; EXERCISES; EFFICACY AB successfully to spinal manipulation experience a difference in short-term clinical outcomes based on the manipulation technique that is used. Methods: Sixty patients with LBP identified as likely responders to manipulation underwent a standardized clinical examination and were randomized to receive a lumbopelvic (LP) or lumbar neutral gap (NG) manipulation technique. Outcome measures were a numeric pain rating scale and the modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire. Results: Both the LP and NG groups experienced statistically significant reductions in pain and disability at 48 hours postmanipulation. The improvements seen in each group were small because of the short follow-up. There were no statistically significant or clinically meaningful differences in pain or disability between the two groups. Conclusion: The two manipulation techniques used in this study were equally effective at reducing pain and disability when compared at 48 hours posttreatment. Clinicians may employ either technique for the treatment of LBP and can expect similar outcomes in those who satisfy the clinical prediction rule (CPR). Further research is required to determine whether differences exist at longer-term follow-up. periods, after multiple treatment sessions, or in different clinical populations. C1 [Sutlive, Thomas G.; Childs, John D.] US Army Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Mabry, Lance M.] Phys Therapy Clin, Travis AFB, CA 94535 USA. [Easterling, Emmanuel J.] Kimbrough Army Community Hosp, Phys Therapy Clin, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. [Durbin, Jose D.] Martin Army Community Hosp, Phys Therapy Clin, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. [Hanson, Stephen L.] Guthrie Ambulatory Clin, Ft Drum, NY 13602 USA. [Wainner, Robert S.] Texas State Univ, Dept Phys Therapy, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP Sutlive, TG (reprint author), US Army Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, 3151 Scott Rd,Suite 1303, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 IS 7 BP 750 EP 756 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LE UT WOS:000278060100013 PM 19685848 ER PT J AU Kim, HC Pacha, LA Lee, WJ Lee, JK Gaydos, JC Sames, WJ Lee, HCS Bradley, K Jeung, GG Tobler, SK Klein, TA AF Kim, Heung-Chul Pacha, Laura A. Lee, Won-Ja Lee, Jong-Koo Gaydos, Joel C. Sames, William J. Lee, Hee-Choon S. Bradley, Kent Jeung, Gi-Gon Tobler, Steven K. Klein, Terry A. TI Malaria in the Republic of Korea, 1993-2007. Variables Related to Re-emergence and Persistence of Plasmodium vivax Among Korean Populations and US Forces in Korea SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DEMILITARIZED ZONE; CHANGING PATTERNS; OUTBREAK; THREAT AB Malaria was eradicated and the Republic of Korea (ROK) declared "malaria free" in 1979. However, in 1993, a temperate strain of vivax malaria, expressing both latent and nonlatent disease populations, re-emerged near the demilitarized zone (DMZ), rapidly spread to civilian sectors near the DMZ, and increased exponentially in ROK military, veteran, and civilian populations through 1998. Malaria among all ROK populations decreased 5-fold from a high of 4,142 cases in 2000 to a low of 826 cases in 2004, before increasing again to 2,180 cases by 2007. Each malaria case in the ROK is reported in the metropolitan area/province where the diagnosis is made, which may be at some distance from the area where infection occurred. Therefore, it is difficult to ascertain transmission sites since approximately 60% of vivax malaria in Korea is latent with symptoms occurring >1 month to 24 months after infection. A review of case diagnosis for civilian, veteran, and military populations shows that nearly all malaria south of Gyeonggi and Gangwon Provinces is the result of veterans exposed in malaria high-risk areas along the DMZ and returning to their hometowns where they later develop malaria. Thus, malaria currently remains localized near the DMZ with limited transmission in provinces south of Seoul and has not spread throughout Korea as previously hypothesized. This report describes the re-emergence of vivax malaria cases in civilian and military ROK populations and U.S. military personnel and assesses variables related to its transmission and geographic distribution. C1 [Kim, Heung-Chul] 168th Multifunct Med Battal, Med Detachment 5, Unit 15247, APO, AP 96205 USA. [Pacha, Laura A.] Martin Army Community Hosp, Dept Prevent Med, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. [Lee, Won-Ja; Lee, Jong-Koo] Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Seoul 122701, South Korea. [Gaydos, Joel C.] US Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance &, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Sames, William J.] Def Logist Agcy, ATTN DES E, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Lee, Hee-Choon S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Bradley, Kent] Landstuhl Reg Med Command, APO, AE 09180 USA. [Jeung, Gi-Gon] ROK Army, Vet Corps, Gyeryoung Si 321929, South Korea. [Tobler, Steven K.] USACHPPM Wash, DC, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Klein, Terry A.] USA, Dept Prevent Med, MEDDAC Korea, Unit 15281, APO, AP 96205 USA. RP Kim, HC (reprint author), 168th Multifunct Med Battal, Med Detachment 5, Unit 15247, APO, AP 96205 USA. RI LEE, Jong-koo/E-4166-2012; Lee, JongGu/B-7384-2013; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU 121st Combat Support Hospital; Troop Medical Clinics; 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion; 18th Medical Command; 2nd Infantry Division; U.S. Army Medical Surveillance Activity, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Forest Glen, MD; U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, Silver Spring, MD FX We thank personnel from the 121st Combat Support Hospital (formerly Seoul Army Community Hospital and 121st General Hospital) and the Troop Medical Clinics, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 18th Medical Command, and the health care providers of the 2nd Infantry Division for their support and timely reporting. We thank Angelene Hemingway, Renee Nelson, and Marie Price, Community Health Nurse Consultants, 18th MEDCOM, and their staff for there support in administering questionnaires and epidemiological reporting. We acknowledge Ms. Suk-Hee Yi for providing data analysis and the Korean Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs (Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Korea National Institutes of Health) and Regional Medical Commands for their assistance in monitoring malaria incidence. We appreciate the support of the personnel of the U.S. Army Medical Surveillance Activity, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Forest Glen, MD, who provided data and information on malaria in U.S. soldiers worldwide. Funding for portions of this work was provided by the U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, Silver Spring, MD. NR 54 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 174 IS 7 BP 762 EP 769 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LE UT WOS:000278060100015 PM 19685850 ER PT J AU Agarwal, R Schmidt, JJ Stafford, RG Swaminathan, S AF Agarwal, Rakhi Schmidt, James J. Stafford, Robert G. Swaminathan, Subramanyam TI Mode of VAMP substrate recognition and inhibition of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin F SO NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-CHAIN; SEROTYPE-F; PEPTIDE; SYNAPTOBREVIN; RESOLUTION; MECHANISM; TETANUS; COMPLEX AB Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) cleave neuronal proteins responsible for neurotransmitter release, causing the neuroparalytic disease botulism. BoNT serotypes B, D, F and G cleave and inactivate vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP), each at a unique peptide bond. The specificity of BoNTs depends on the mode of substrate recognition. We have investigated the mechanism of substrate recognition of BoNT F by determining the crystal structures of its complex with two substrate-based inhibitors, VAMP 22-58/Gln58D-cysteine and 27-58/Gln58D-cysteine. The inhibitors bind to BoNT F in the canonical direction (as seen for BoNTs A and E substrates) but are positioned specifically via three major exosites away from the active site. The cysteine sulfur of the inhibitors interacts with the zinc and exists as sulfinic acid in the inhibitor VAMP 27-58/Gln58D-cysteine. Arg133 and Arg171, which form part of two separate exosites, are crucial for substrate binding and catalysis. C1 [Agarwal, Rakhi; Swaminathan, Subramanyam] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Schmidt, James J.; Stafford, Robert G.] USA, Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Swaminathan, S (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biol, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM swami@bnl.gov FU US Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [BO742081]; Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) [DEAC02-98CH10886] FX Research was supported by award from the US Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) BO742081 under Department of Energy prime contract N0. DEAC02-98CH10886 with Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) ( to S. S.). It was also funded in part by the DTRA under research plan 3.10023_06_RD_B ( J. J. S. and R. G. S.). Opinions, interpretations, conclusions and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the US Army. We gratefully acknowledge the data collection support from X12c and X29 ( National Synchrotron Light Source). We thank M. G. Blewitt for DNA sequencing of mutants, the Proteomic Center of Stony Brook University for their help with MALDI-TOF measurements and V. Graziano (BNL) for help in tryptophan florescence experiments and discussion. NR 21 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1545-9985 J9 NAT STRUCT MOL BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 16 IS 7 BP 789 EP U127 DI 10.1038/nsmb.1626 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 467TB UT WOS:000267764500018 PM 19543288 ER PT J AU Bell, R Severson, MA Armonda, RA AF Bell, Randy Severson, Meryl A., III Armonda, Rocco A. TI Neurovascular Anatomy: A Practical Guide SO NEUROSURGERY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Arterial; Venous; Cerebral; Anatomy; Angiography ID INFERIOR CEREBELLAR ARTERY; INTERNAL CAROTID-ARTERY; MICROSURGICAL ANATOMY; POSTERIOR-FOSSA; ORIGIN; SINUS AB Students of cerebrovascular anatomy and physiology tend to model their learning based on normal patterns of blood flow. As such, the focus tends toward arterial physiology and pathology with less than adequate understanding of the significance of the venous system. This article presents a different approach to neurovascular anatomy, starting with the venous system and demonstrating both normal and pathologic states. It reviews the cerebral circulation with attention to the microsurgical relationships, angiographic patterns, and fusion of dual-volume imaging. The importance of bony, sulcal, and ventricular anatomy is presented as it relates to the angiographic representation of pathologic lesions. Examples are given of anatomic variants seen with the operating microscope, biplanar angiography, and three-dimensional rotational angiography." Note that in the synopsis and throughout the article, first person usage has been changed to third person per journal style. C1 [Bell, Randy; Severson, Meryl A., III; Armonda, Rocco A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Bell, Randy; Severson, Meryl A., III; Armonda, Rocco A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium, Dept Neurosurg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Bell, Randy] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurosurg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Armonda, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium, Dept Neurosurg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM rocco.armonda@gmail.com NR 35 TC 3 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1042-3680 J9 NEUROSURG CLIN N AM JI Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 20 IS 3 BP 265 EP + DI 10.1016/j.nec.2009.04.012 PG 15 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA 507SR UT WOS:000270875500004 PM 19778699 ER PT J AU Cer, RZ Mudunuri, U Stephens, R Lebeda, FJ AF Cer, R. Z. Mudunuri, U. Stephens, R. Lebeda, F. J. TI IC50-to-K-i: a web-based tool for converting IC50 to K-i values for inhibitors of enzyme activity and ligand binding SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION; PRUSOFF; EQUATIONS; AFFINITY; SCHILD; ASSAY AB A new web-server tool estimates K-i values from experimentally determined IC50 values for inhibitors of enzymes and of binding reactions between macromolecules (e.g. proteins, polynucleic acids) and ligands. This converter was developed to enable end users to help gauge the quality of the underlying assumptions used in these calculations which depend on the type of mechanism of inhibitor action and the concentrations of the interacting molecular species. Additional calculations are performed for nonclassical, tightly bound inhibitors of enzyme-substrate or of macromolecule-ligand systems in which free, rather than total concentrations of the reacting species are required. Required user-defined input values include the total enzyme (or another target molecule) and substrate (or ligand) concentrations, the K-m of the enzyme-substrate (or the K-d of the target-ligand) reaction, and the IC50 value. Assumptions and caveats for these calculations are discussed along with examples taken from the literature. The host database for this converter contains kinetic constants and other data for inhibitors of the proteolytic clostridial neurotoxins (http://botdb. abcc.ncifcrf.gov/toxin/kiConverter.jsp). C1 [Lebeda, F. J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Cer, R. Z.; Mudunuri, U.; Stephens, R.] NCI, SAIC Frederick Inc, Adv Technol Program, Adv Biomed Comp Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Lebeda, FJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM frank.lebeda@amedd.army.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office-Chemical Biological Defense [3.10043_07_RD_B]; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX The Defense Threat Reduction Agency Joint Science and Technology Office-Chemical Biological Defense (project 3.10043_07_RD_B to F. J. L.); and by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (contract No. HHSN261200800001E). Funding for open access charge: Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 18 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 37 SU S BP W441 EP W445 DI 10.1093/nar/gkp253 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 469IG UT WOS:000267889100077 PM 19395593 ER PT J AU Chushak, Y Stone, MO AF Chushak, Yaroslav Stone, Morley O. TI In silico selection of RNA aptamers SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BINDING RNA; MICROARRAYS; SEQUENCE; DOCKING; RECOGNITION; PREDICTION; MOLECULES; EVOLUTION; PROGRAMS; LIGANDS AB In vitro selection of RNA aptamers that bind to a specific ligand usually begins with a random pool of RNA sequences. We propose a computational approach for designing a starting pool of RNA sequences for the selection of RNA aptamers for specific analyte binding. Our approach consists of three steps: (i) selection of RNA sequences based on their secondary structure, (ii) generating a library of three-dimensional (3D) structures of RNA molecules and (iii) high-throughput virtual screening of this library to select aptamers with binding affinity to a desired small molecule. We developed a set of criteria that allows one to select a sequence with potential binding affinity from a pool of random sequences and developed a protocol for RNA 3D structure prediction. As verification, we tested the performance of in silico selection on a set of six known aptamer-ligand complexes. The structures of the native sequences for the ligands in the testing set were among the top 5% of the selected structures. The proposed approach reduces the RNA sequences search space by four to five orders of magnitude-significantly accelerating the experimental screening and selection of high-affinity aptamers. C1 [Chushak, Yaroslav] USA, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Stone, Morley O.] USAF, Res Lab, Human Performance Wing 711, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Chushak, Y (reprint author), USA, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM yaroslav.chushak@wpafb.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); US Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP); US Government [FA8650-05-2-6518] FX Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR), the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the US Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP), under the High Performance Computing Software Applications Institutes (HSAI) initiative. Funding for open access charge: US Government contract FA8650-05-2-6518. NR 38 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 37 IS 12 AR e87 DI 10.1093/nar/gkp408 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 472FL UT WOS:000268115200035 PM 19465396 ER PT J AU Ter-Gabrielyan, N Sanamyan, T Dubinskii, M AF Ter-Gabrielyan, N. Sanamyan, T. Dubinskii, M. TI Resonantly pumped Pr3+-doped eye-safe laser at similar to 1.65 mu m SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE LASERS AB The first (to our knowledge) resonantly pumped laser action based on the F-3(3)double right arrow H-3(4) transition of, a Pr3+ ion is demonstrated. Pr3+-doped RbPb2Cl5 laser in-line pumped at similar to 1547 nm exhibited slope efficiency of over 21% at 1676.5 nm, despite the marginal quality of the laser sample available for this proof-of-concept experiment. This is believed to be the first non-Er3+ resonantly pumped similar to 1.6 mu m eye-safe laser ever reported. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Ter-Gabrielyan, N.; Sanamyan, T.; Dubinskii, M.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dubinskii, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mdubinskiy@arl.army.mil NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 34 IS 13 BP 1949 EP 1951 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 475QV UT WOS:000268376200013 PM 19571962 ER PT J AU Mundey, DA Buckenmaier, CC Plunkett, AR AF Mundey, Derick A. Buckenmaier, Chester C., III Plunkett, Anthony R. TI Loss of Resistance Technique for Paravertebral Nerve Blockade Using the Episure (TM) Autodetect (TM) Syringe-A Case Report SO PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Acute Pain; Pain Management; Postoperative Pain ID BREAST-CANCER; EPIDURAL SPACE; SURGERY; PAIN AB Introduction. Postoperative pain is a frequent occurrence following breast surgery. Some authors have reported the incidence of postoperative pain following mastectomy and breast reconstruction to be as high as 50% when general anesthesia and intravenous narcotics are the primary anesthetic. An alternative anesthetic technique for breast surgery and postoperative analgesia is paravertebral nerve blockade (PVB). Greengrass and Weltz have described improved patient satisfaction, less analgesic requirement, and less total anesthetic use in those patients with preoperative PVBs. One of the challenges in providing successful analgesia from PVBs is the ability to correctly identify the paravertebral space. Landmark-based anatomy with penetration of the superior costotransverse ligament 1 cm past the transverse process has been previously described. Boezaart has described the use of loss of resistance (LOR) when performing PVBs. One potential difficulty with this technique is the reliance on the subjective feel of resistance loss as the needle passes into the paravertebral space. Case Report. The Episure(TM) Autodetect(TM) Syringe is currently indicated by the US Food and Drug Administration for use with an epidural needle for the verification for needle tip placement in the epidural space. The principle, however, of LOR is similar when performing PVBs. We report a case of the successful use of the Episure(TM) Autodetect(TM) Syringe (ADS) for confirming entry into the paravertebral space. Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first described use of the ADS for performing PVB. C1 [Mundey, Derick A.; Buckenmaier, Chester C., III; Plunkett, Anthony R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Plunkett, AR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM anthonyplunkett@comcast.net OI Buckenmaier III, Chester/0000-0003-3623-5525 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-2375 J9 PAIN MED JI Pain Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 10 IS 5 BP 854 EP 857 DI 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00626.x PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 476ZI UT WOS:000268485000014 PM 19460130 ER PT J AU Rao, VK Price, S Perkins, K Aldridge, P Tretler, J Davis, J Dale, JK Gill, F Hartman, KR Stork, LC Gnarra, DJ Krishnamurti, L Newburger, PE Puck, J Fleisher, T AF Rao, V. Koneti Price, Susan Perkins, Katie Aldridge, Patricia Tretler, Jean Davis, Joie Dale, Janet K. Gill, Fred Hartman, Kip R. Stork, Linda C. Gnarra, David J. Krishnamurti, Lakshmanan Newburger, Peter E. Puck, Jennifer Fleisher, Thomas TI Use of Rituximab for Refractory Cytopenias Associated With Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Article DE ALPS; cytopenias; lymphadenopathy; rituximab; splenomegaly ID IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; COMMON VARIABLE IMMUNODEFICIENCY; LYMPHOCYTE APOPTOSIS; MYCOPHENOLATE-MOFETIL; FAS MUTATIONS; CHILDREN; DISEASE; DISORDERS; FAMILIES; FEATURES AB Background. ALPS is a disorder Of apoptosis resulting ill accumulation of autoreactive lymphocytes, leading to marked lymphadenopthy, hepatosplenomegaly, and multilineage cytopenias due to splenic sequestration and/or autoimmune destruction often presenting in childhood. We summarize our experience of rituximab use during the last 8 years in 12 patients, 9children, and 3 adults out of 259 individuals with ALPS, belonging to 166 families currently enrolled in studies at the National Institutes of Health. Method;. Refractory immune thrombocytopenia (platelet Count <20,000) in nine patients and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in three patients led to treatment with rituximab. Among them, seven patients had undergone prior surgical splenectomy; three had significant splenomegaly; and two had no palpable spleen. Results. In seven out of nine patients with ALPS and thrombocyto-penia, rituximab therapy led to median response duration of 21 months (range 14-36 months). In contrast, none of the three children treated with rituximab for AIHA responded. Noted toxicities included profound and prolonged hypogammaglobulinemia in three patients requiring replacement IVIG, total absence of antibody response to polysaccharide vaccines lasting Up to 4 years after rituximab infusions in one patient and prolonged neutropenia in one patient. Conclusion. Toxicities including hypogammaglobulinemia and neutropenia constitute all additional infection risk burden, especially in asplenic individuals, and may warrant avoidance of rituximab until other immunosupprressive medication options are exhausted. Long-term follow-up of ALPS patients with cytopenias after any treatment is necessary to determine relative risks and benefits. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:847-852. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Rao, V. Koneti] NIAID, ALPS Unit, LCID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rao, V. Koneti; Price, Susan; Aldridge, Patricia; Tretler, Jean; Davis, Joie; Dale, Janet K.; Gill, Fred; Fleisher, Thomas] NIH, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Perkins, Katie] NCI, LCID, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Hartman, Kip R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Stork, Linda C.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Gnarra, David J.] Childrens Hosp, Omaha, NE USA. [Krishnamurti, Lakshmanan] Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Newburger, Peter E.] Univ Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. [Puck, Jennifer] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Rao, VK (reprint author), NIAID, ALPS Unit, LCID, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,Room 11N234, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM krao@niaid.nih.gov RI Krishnamurti, Lakshmanan/F-7637-2011; OI Newburger, Peter/0000-0002-8615-673X FU NIH; NIAID; Bethesda, MD; National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E] FX Grant sponsor: NIH, NIAID, Bethesda, MD: Grant sponsor: National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Grant number: HHSN261200800001E. NR 37 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1545-5009 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD JUL 1 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 7 BP 847 EP 852 DI 10.1002/pbc.21965 PG 6 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA 435LT UT WOS:000265346100021 PM 19214977 ER PT J AU Sagripanti, JL Levy, A Robertson, J Merritt, A Inglis, TJJ AF Sagripanti, Jose-Luis Levy, Avram Robertson, Jeannie Merritt, Adam Inglis, Timothy J. J. TI Inactivation of Virulent Burkholderia pseudomallei by Sunlight SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; MELIOIDOSIS; SURVIVAL; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IDENTIFICATION; PERSISTENCE; BIODEFENSE; RELEVANCE; OUTBREAK AB The goal of this study was to determine the sensitivity of virulent Burkholderia pseudomallei to natural sunlight. We describe solar dosimetry calibrated to integrate radiation between 295 and 305 nm and an exposure system that minimizes thermal effects on bacterial cells. Burkholderia pseudomallei cells were either exposed to sunlight in UV transparent dishes or maintained in the dark covered by opaque foil. The cells maintained in the dark remained at constant levels for the duration of all experiments. The exposed cells nearby were killed with a kinetic studied through 5 Log(10) inactivation. We found that cells in stationary phase of growth were nearly two-fold more resistant to sunlight than cells in lag or exponential growth. A virulent strain of B. pseudomallei that produced mucoid colonies showed sensitivity to sunlight similar to both a virulent strain that produced nonmucoid colonies and a strain of B. thailandensis. The inactivation of B. pseudomallei by sunlight in different types of water of environmental relevance or inside amoebae was investigated. The sensitivity of virulent B. pseudomallei was calculated and its comparison with previous studies employing monochromatic germicidal light (254 nm) is discussed. This may be the first report in the open literature of the inactivation of a virulent biological threat agent by natural sunlight. These data should assist in estimating the risk for contracting melioidosis and in predicting the time period during which B. pseudomallei remains infectious after an accidental or intentional release in the environment. C1 [Sagripanti, Jose-Luis] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Sagripanti, JL (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM joseluis.sagripanti@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 85 IS 4 BP 978 EP 986 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00518.x PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 461QS UT WOS:000267284300019 PM 19192198 ER PT J AU Smith, DD Myneni, K Odutola, JA Diels, JC AF Smith, David D. Myneni, Krishna Odutola, Jamiu A. Diels, J. C. TI Enhanced sensitivity of a passive optical cavity by an intracavity dispersive medium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; LIGHT; LASER; MODE; PROPAGATION; RESONATORS AB The pushing of the modes of a Fabry-Perot cavity by an intracavity rubidium cell is measured. The scale factor of the modes is increased by the anomalous dispersion and is inversely proportional to the sum of the effective group index and an additional cavity delay factor that arises from the variation of the Rb absorption over a free spectral range. This additional positive feedback further increases the effect of the anomalous dispersion and goes to zero at the lasing threshold. The mode width does not grow as fast as the scale factor as the intracavity absorption is increased resulting in enhanced measurement sensitivities. For absorptions larger than the scale factor pole, the atom-cavity response is multivalued and mode splitting occurs. C1 [Smith, David D.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Spacecraft & Vehicle Syst Dept, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Smith, David D.; Myneni, Krishna] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Myneni, Krishna] USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35899 USA. [Odutola, Jamiu A.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Nat & Phys Sci Chem, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Diels, J. C.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Smith, DD (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Spacecraft & Vehicle Syst Dept, EV43, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JUL PY 2009 VL 80 IS 1 AR 011809 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.80.011809 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 478VP UT WOS:000268616900027 ER PT J AU Kim, JG Lee, J Roe, J Tromberg, BJ Brenner, M Walters, TJ AF Kim, J. G. Lee, J. Roe, J. Tromberg, B. J. Brenner, M. Walters, T. J. TI Hemodynamic changes in rat leg muscles during tourniquet-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury observed by near-infrared spectroscopy SO PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE ischemia; reperfusion; edema; near-infrared spectroscopy; muscle hemodynamics ID EXTREMITY COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; TISSUE OXYGENATION; DIAGNOSIS; RECOVERY; UTILITY; LONG; TIME AB In this study, we hypothesized that non-invasive continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CWNIRS) can determine the severity or reversibility of muscle damage due to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and the results will be highly correlated with those from physical examination and histological analysis. To test this hypothesis, we performed CWNIRS measurements on two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats (similar to 400 g) that underwent 2 h (n = 6) or 3 h (n = 7) of pneumatic tourniquet application (TKA). Tissue oxyhemoglobin [HbO(2)] and deoxyhemoglobin [Hb] concentration changes were monitored during the 2 h or 3 h of 250 mmHg TKA and for an additional 2 h post-TKA. Rats were euthanized 24 h post-TKA and examined for injury, edema and viability of muscles. Contralateral muscles served as controls for each animal. In both groups, [HbO(2)] dropped immediately, then gradually decreased further after TKA and then recovered once the tourniquet was released. However, releasing after 2 h of TKA caused [HbO(2)] to overshoot above the baseline during reperfusion while the 3 h group continued to have lower [HbO(2)] than baseline. We found a significant correlation between the elapsed time from tourniquet release to the first recovery peak of [HbO(2)] and the muscle weight ratio between tourniquet and contralateral limb muscles (R = 0.86). Hemodynamic patterns from non-invasive CWNIRS demonstrated significant differences between 2 h and 3 h I/R. The results demonstrate that CWNIRS may be useful as a non-invasive prognostic tool for conditions involving vascular compromise such as extremity compartment syndrome. C1 [Kim, J. G.; Lee, J.; Tromberg, B. J.; Brenner, M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Beckman Laser Inst & Med Clin, Laser Microbeam & Med Program, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. [Roe, J.; Walters, T. J.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Brenner, M.] Univ Calif Irvine, Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Orange, CA 92868 USA. RP Kim, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Beckman Laser Inst & Med Clin, Laser Microbeam & Med Program, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. EM jaegk@uci.edu FU NIH LAMMP [AF-9550-04-1-0101, FOS-2004-0011 A and 0012 A, P41-RR01192] FX We are grateful of funding provided by AF-9550-04-1-0101, FOS-2004-0011 A and 0012 A, NIH LAMMP P41-RR01192 for this study. We are also very grateful for the invaluable technical support from Rosalinda Fernandez-Rivera and Dr Robert Christy. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0967-3334 J9 PHYSIOL MEAS JI Physiol. Meas. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 30 IS 7 BP 529 EP 540 DI 10.1088/0967-3334/30/7/001 PG 12 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Physiology SC Biophysics; Engineering; Physiology GA 461SK UT WOS:000267291200001 PM 19436084 ER PT J AU Swaminathan, G Shivakumar, KN Russell, LC AF Swaminathan, Gowthaman Shivakumar, Kunigal N. Russell, Larry C., Jr. TI Anomalies, Influencing Factors, and Guidelines for DMA Testing of Fiber Reinforced Composites SO POLYMER COMPOSITES LA English DT Article AB This study systematically assessed the measurement of dynamic properties of a range of fiber reinforced composite materials using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) instrument. The discrepancy in the moduli from DMA to ASTM tests was investigated. The study showed that proper specimen preparation, maintaining appropriate aspect ratio (span to thickness ratio) to reduce the transverse shear deformation, and sufficient loading are critical to measure correct properties from DMA test. The guidelines on aspect ratio and loading for plastics to high-modulus carbon fiber composites are presented as a design chart and equations, respectively. The study also found that the glass transition temperature (T,) was independent of specimen aspect ratio and T, is lower for multidirectional composites when compared with its unidirectional composites. The particle interleaved T800H/3900-2 composite showed two glass transition temperatures (140 and 198 degrees C), the lower value is due to the effect of interleaving by thermoplastic particles, and the higher value is the T(g) of its base matrix. This lowering of T(g) would have significant effect on the application temperature of the material. This phenomenon was not observed here to fore in the literature. POLYM. COMPOS., 30:962969, 2009. (C) 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers C1 [Swaminathan, Gowthaman; Shivakumar, Kunigal N.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Ctr Composite Mat Res, Dept Mech & Chem Engn, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. [Russell, Larry C., Jr.] USA, Res Off Res & Technol Integrat, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Swaminathan, G (reprint author), N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Ctr Composite Mat Res, Dept Mech & Chem Engn, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. EM gowtham27@yahoo.com FU Offices of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-0465]; US ARMY RDEC [W911NF-04-1-0045]; ARO [W911Nf-04-D-0002-0001]; UNCF/SP FX Contract grant sponsor: Offices of Naval Research: contract grant number: N00014-07-1-0465: contract grant sponsor: US ARMY RDEC; contract grant number: W911NF-04-1-0045; contract grant sponsor: ARO; contract grant number: W911Nf-04-D-0002-0001; contract grant sponsor: UNCF/SP. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0272-8397 J9 POLYM COMPOSITE JI Polym. Compos. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 30 IS 7 BP 962 EP 969 DI 10.1002/pc.20641 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 463FR UT WOS:000267416000016 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE Goedecke, GH AF Wilson, D. Keith Ostashev, Vladimir E. Goedecke, George H. TI Quasi-wavelet formulations of turbulence and other random fields with correlated properties SO PROBABILISTIC ENGINEERING MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Spectral modeling; Kinematic simulation; Self-similar representations ID ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; SIMULATION; MODEL; FLUCTUATIONS; SIMILARITY; SCATTERING; CONVECTION; LAYER AB Quasi-wavelets (QWs) are similar to customary wavelets in that they are based on translations and dilations of a parent function; however, their positions and orientations are random. QWs are convenient for representing random fields with a self-similar structure. In this paper, a general, multi-dimensional treatment of QW fields is presented that includes scale-dependence in the number density and amplitude of the QWs. Previous QW formulations are extended to include anisotropy and correlations among several properties of the random fields. These extensions would be difficult (if not impossible) to achieve systematically by Fourier methods. As an example application, it is shown how QW models can be constructed to produce constant turbulent flux layers. Heat flux in buoyantly driven turbulence is modeled as a collection of QWs with predominantly horizontal rotation coupled with dipole scalar perturbations. Predictions for spectra in the presence of fluxes are obtained. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Wilson, D. Keith] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ostashev, Vladimir E.; Goedecke, George H.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ostashev, Vladimir E.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM D.Keith.Wilson@usace.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 FU US Army Basic Research In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) Program FX Funding was provided by the US Army Basic Research In-House Laboratory Independent Research (ILIR) Program. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-8920 J9 PROBABILIST ENG MECH JI Probab. Eng. Eng. Mech. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 24 IS 3 BP 343 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.probengmech.2008.09.002 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics GA 442CT UT WOS:000265818100009 ER PT J AU Helfstein, S AF Helfstein, Scott TI Governance of Terror: New Institutionalism and the Evolution of Terrorist Organizations SO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW LA English DT Article ID AL-QAEDA; RESOURCES; INFORMATION; ATTACKS; WAR AB A preoccupation with network approaches in terrorism studies has inadvertently marginalized the fact that terrorist groups are subject to many of the same bureaucratic forces that impact all purposeful organizations. Because typical organizations are subsumed in the concept of networks, it is curious that scholars have been so quick to bypass more traditional models of organizations and bureaucracy that may help us understand network topology. This article relies on the new institutional approach to organizational behavior. Using the Coase theorem to explain the costs and benefits associated with different organizational structures, it follows that counterterrorism efforts may drive some groups toward greater autonomy while compelling others to adopt common bureaucratic processes, often referred to as isomorphism. By exploring the different costs that terror groups face and examining the characteristics of terrorists associated with different groups, organizational theory can help explain a divergent trend in terrorism research: leaderless jihad and increased bureaucratization. C1 [Helfstein, Scott] US Mil Acad, Dept Social Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Helfstein, Scott] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Helfstein, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Social Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM scott.helfstein@usma.edu NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0033-3352 J9 PUBLIC ADMIN REV JI Public Adm. Rev. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 69 IS 4 BP 727 EP 739 PG 13 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA 467QE UT WOS:000267756200016 ER PT J AU Forsythe, A Gupta, A Cohen, SP AF Forsythe, Akara Gupta, Anita Cohen, Steven P. TI Retained Intrathecal Catheter Fragment After Spinal Drain Insertion Steps for Prevention and Management SO REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EPIDURAL CATHETER; LUMBAR DRAINS; SAFETY; EXTRACTION; ANESTHESIA; ANEURYSM AB Background and Objectives: The placement of lumbar spinal drains is being done with increasing frequency to facilitate high-risk surgical procedures. One risk associated with these procedures is catheter shearing, resulting in a retained foreign body in the intrathecal space. Unlike retained epidural fragments, there are no guidelines oil the management of this complication. The purpose of this article was to synthesize the literature oil this subject to come up with guidelines for preventing and managing this complication. Methods: Case report and review of all published cases. Results: Most cases of retained catheters are associated with difficulty inserting or advancing the catheter. Among those cases treated conservatively, approximately one third of patients developed symptoms. Factors that must be considered when weighing the decision to surgically remove the retained catheter include patient comorbidities and desires, size and location of the fragment, infectious risk, the presence of neurologic symptoms, and scheduled surgical procedure. Conclusions: A retained intrathecal catheter call be managed conservatively in certain contexts. Periodic follow-up visits, with or without repeat imaging, are recommended in these circumstances. C1 [Forsythe, Akara] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gupta, Anita] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Div, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Pain Management Div, Washington, DC USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Pain Management Div, 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-7339 J9 REGION ANESTH PAIN M JI Region. Anesth. Pain Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 34 IS 4 BP 375 EP 378 DI 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181ac9e8a PG 4 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 469NH UT WOS:000267905800018 PM 19585702 ER PT J AU Dhawan, A Gerhold, M Madison, A Fowlkes, J Russell, PE Vo-Dinh, T Leonard, DN AF Dhawan, Anuj Gerhold, Michael Madison, Andrew Fowlkes, Jason Russell, Phillip E. Vo-Dinh, Tuan Leonard, Donovan N. TI Fabrication of Nanodot Plasmonic Waveguide Structures Using FIB Milling and Electron Beam-Induced Deposition SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE electron beam-induced deposition; surface plasmons; nanostructures; localized surface plasmon resonance; plasmonic waveguide ID PLATINUM; NANOSTRUCTURES; PT(PF3)(4); COPPER AB Fabrication of metallic Au nanopillars and linear arrays of Au-containing nanodots for plasmonic waveguides is reported in this article by two different processes-focused ion beam (FIB) milling of deposited thin films and electron beam-induced deposition (EBID) of metallic nanostructures from an organometallic precursor gas. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) modeling of electromagnetic fields around metallic nanostructures was used to predict the optimal size and spacing between nanostructures useful for plasmonic waveguides. Subsequently, a multi-step FIB fabrication method was developed for production of metallic nanorods and nanopillars of the size and geometry suggested by the results of the FDTD simulations. Nanostructure fabrication was carried out on planar substrates including Au-coated glass, quartz, and mica slides as well as cleaved 4-mode optical fibers. In the second fabrication process, EBID was utilized for the development of similar nanostructures on planar Indium Tin Oxide and Titanium-coated glass substrates. Each method allows formation of nanostructures such that the plasmon resonances associated with the nanostructures could be engineered and precisely controlled by controlling the nanostructure size and shape. Linear arrays of low aspect ratio nanodot structures ranging in diameter between 50-70 nm were fabricated using EBID. Preliminary dark field optical microscopy demonstrates differences in the plasmonic response of the fabricated structures. SCANNING 31: 139-146, 2009. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Dhawan, Anuj; Gerhold, Michael; Vo-Dinh, Tuan] Duke Univ, Fitzpatrick Inst Photon, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Dhawan, Anuj; Gerhold, Michael] USA, Res Off, Durham, NC USA. [Madison, Andrew; Russell, Phillip E.; Leonard, Donovan N.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Fowlkes, Jason] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Dhawan, A (reprint author), Duke Univ, Fitzpatrick Inst Photon, 3527 FCIEMAS, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM anuj.dhawan@duke.edu FU U.S. Army Research Office; National Research Council (NRC); Scientific User Facilities Division; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy FX Contract grant sponsors: U.S. Army Research Office and the National Research Council (NRC); Scientific User Facilities Division; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 32 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD JUL-AUG PY 2009 VL 31 IS 4 BP 139 EP 146 DI 10.1002/sca.20152 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA 513RK UT WOS:000271340700001 PM 19670460 ER PT J AU Scott, RM Pandey, P Shlim, DR Khin-Saw-Aye-Myint AF Scott, Robert McN Pandey, Prativa Shlim, David R. Khin-Saw-Aye-Myint TI ETIOLOGY OF ENTERICALLY-TRANSMITTED HEPATITIS AMONG FOREIGNERS IN NEPAL SO SOUTHEAST ASIAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID E VIRUS; E INFECTION; E VACCINE; TRAVELERS; RISK; KATHMANDU; DISEASE; ADULTS AB We report the etiology of hepatitis in travelers over a ten year period from January, 1994 December 2003. Clinics catering to expatriates and tourists in endemic Nepal provided sera for diagnostic testing from persons with signs and symptoms compatible with clinical hepatitis and alanine transminase levels 2 1/2 times greater than normal. Hepatitis E was determined with anti-HEV IgM, and HEV RT-PCR, and hepatitis A was determined using HAV-IgM. Thirty-seven cases of hepatitis A and 30 cases of hepatitis E were diagnosed during the study period. The frequency of hepatitis A cases decreased with the increasing use of hepatitis A vaccine while the frequency of hepatitis E cases remained stable. A hepatitis E vaccine would be of benefit for travelers to high to high risk areas. C1 [Khin-Saw-Aye-Myint] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Scott, Robert McN] Walter Reed AFRIMS Res Unit Nepal WARUN, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Pandey, Prativa; Shlim, David R.] Canadian Int Water & Energy Consultants CIWEC Cli, Kathmandu, Nepal. RP Khin-Saw-Aye-Myint (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, 315-6 Ratchawithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM myintk@afrims.org NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEAST ASIAN MINISTERS EDUC ORGANIZATION PI BANGKOK PA SEAMEO-TROPMED, 420-6 RAJVITHI RD,, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-1562 J9 SE ASIAN J TROP MED JI Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health PD JUL PY 2009 VL 40 IS 4 BP 731 EP 737 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine GA 479QU UT WOS:000268676800009 PM 19842406 ER PT J AU Niyasom, C Horthongkham, N Sreephiang, A Kantakamalakul, W Louisirirotchanakul, S Chuenchitra, T Sutthent, R AF Niyasom, Chaisit Horthongkham, Navin Sreephiang, Apichai Kantakamalakul, Wannee Louisirirotchanakul, Suda Chuenchitra, Thippawan Sutthent, Ruengpung TI HIV-1 SUBTYPE B TAT GENE ACTIVITIES AND DISEASE PROGRESSION IN HIV-1 CRF01_AE INFECTION SO SOUTHEAST ASIAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; TRANSACTIVATOR GENE; PROTEIN; REPLICATION; EXPRESSION; RNA; TRANSCRIPTION; PROMOTER; VACCINES; STRAINS AB HIV-1 tat gene function and immunogenicity of HIV-1 Tat protein from 3 low (PS01, PS40, PS58) and 3 high (PS19, PS65, LP22) viral load infected, untreated and asymptomatic individuals from Thailand were compared. Levels of Tat-dependent chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) induced in HL3T1 cells with tat1 gene from HIV-1 isolates of high viral load group was significantly higher than those from low viral load group. HIV-1 subtype determination using env (C2-V4) gene demonstrated that 2/3 (PS01 and PS40) and 1/3 (PS58) from low viral load group were CRF01_AE and subtype B, while all 3 HIV-1 isolates from high viral load group were CRF01_AE. However, all 3 HIV-1 tat nucleotide sequences from low viral load group, which contained env CRF01_AE sequence, belonged to subtype B whereas all those from high viral load group contained CRF01_AE sequence. HIV Tat recombinant proteins from these groups were tested for immunogenicity in mice. All recombinant Tat proteins (except from PS58) were immunogenic in a dose-dependent manner, but with significantly differences of the immunogenicity levels between high and low viral load groups. These results indicated that HIV-1 subtype B tat gene activities might be associated with reduced disease progression of HIV-1 CRF01_AE infected individuals. C1 [Niyasom, Chaisit; Horthongkham, Navin; Sreephiang, Apichai; Kantakamalakul, Wannee; Louisirirotchanakul, Suda; Sutthent, Ruengpung] Mahidol Univ, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Siriraj Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Chuenchitra, Thippawan] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Sutthent, R (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Siriraj Hosp, 2 Prannok Rd, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. EM sirst@mahidol.ac.th FU Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden jubilee PhD Program [PH.D/0158/2545] FX This study was supported by the Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden jubilee PhD Program (Grant No. PH.D/0158/2545) to Chaisit Niyasom and Prof Dr Ruengpung Sutthent. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHEAST ASIAN MINISTERS EDUC ORGANIZATION PI BANGKOK PA SEAMEO-TROPMED, 420-6 RAJVITHI RD,, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-1562 J9 SE ASIAN J TROP MED JI Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health PD JUL PY 2009 VL 40 IS 4 BP 748 EP 758 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine GA 479QU UT WOS:000268676800012 PM 19842409 ER PT J AU Lin, MY Shikle, JF AF Lin, Mercury Y. Shikle, James F. TI To Pick a 'Bone' with the Gallbladder SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID METAPLASIA C1 [Lin, Mercury Y.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Shikle, James F.] USA, Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Lin, MY (reprint author), USN, San Diego Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 102 IS 7 BP 773 EP 774 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 464IX UT WOS:000267499700027 PM 19488011 ER PT J AU Fossey, SA Bruno, FF Kumar, J Samuelson, LA AF Fossey, Stephen A. Bruno, Ferdinando F. Kumar, Jayant Samuelson, Lynne A. TI Conformational analysis of the conducting copolymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-co-pyrrole) SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article DE PEDOT; Polypyrrole; Conducting copolymer; DFT; Flexible electronics; Polymer actuators ID CONJUGATED POLYMERS; GEOMETRIC STRUCTURE; BAND-GAPS; OLIGOMERS; PROPERTY; PYRROLE; DFT AB Electronic structure methods have been used to investigate conducting copolymers of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and pyrrole (Py). The calculations show the planar anti conformation and the syn conformers have extended conjugation. In the anti conformation the EDOT-Py dimer is calculated to have a lower reorganization energy (0.390 eV) than either homodimer (0.423 eV EDOT: 0.455 eV Py) and consequently is expected to have higher charge carrier mobility. The HOMO-LUMO gap of the copolymers is intermediate between the two homopolymers and for regular sequences varies monotonically as a function of the monomer content. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fossey, Stephen A.; Bruno, Ferdinando F.; Samuelson, Lynne A.] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Kumar, Jayant] Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Fossey, SA (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, 15 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM stephen.fossey@us.army.mil NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 159 IS 14 BP 1409 EP 1413 DI 10.1016/j.synthmet.2009.03.018 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 479GQ UT WOS:000268648100004 ER PT J AU Liu, SC Shi, JM Forsythe, EW Blomquist, SM Chiu, D AF Liu, Sanchao Shi, Jianmin Forsythe, Eric W. Blomquist, Steven M. Chiu, Dave TI Polymer charge-transfer complexes for opto-electronic applications SO SYNTHETIC METALS LA English DT Article DE Charge-transfer complexes; Polymer/TCNQ complexes; Polycarbazole ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; INTERFACES; INJECTION; DEVICES AB The formation of charge-transfer (CT) complex to increase the conductivity has been the subject of intense research activity for the past decades. Those CT complexes have been used as organic semiconductors in field effect transistors (FETs), charge injection and transport materials in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. In this paper, a serials of new CT complexes with polymers as donor and TCNQ as acceptor were prepared. The polymers are polycarbazoles with various content of carbazole moiety in the back chain. The X-ray crystal structure of the model compound 4,4'-bis (N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl(CBP)/TCNQ complex showed the formation of 2:1 stack structure (with 1:1 carbazole moiety: TCNQ ratio). The polycarbazole/TCNQ complexes form uniform films by spin-coating. Devices with the structure of ITO/polycarbazole:TCNQ complex/Mg:Ag were fabricated. The current-voltage characteristics showed that the devices exhibit much higher conductivity compared to their analogy ITO/polycarbazole/Mg:Ag structure devices. Devices with different polycarbazole:TCNQ ratios were fabricated and the current-voltage results showed that the conductivity increases as the ratio of polycarbazole:TCNQ increases. The conductivity reaches the maximum at the ratio of 1:1. These polymer complexes can be low-temperature processed on large area flexible substrates and are of potential use for low-cost printed electronics. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Sanchao; Shi, Jianmin; Forsythe, Eric W.; Blomquist, Steven M.; Chiu, Dave] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Liu, SC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM sanchao.liu@us.army.mil FU Oak Ridge Associated Universities FX The authors would like to thank Oak Ridge Associated Universities for providing financial support in the form of postdoctoral fellowship for this research. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0379-6779 J9 SYNTHETIC MET JI Synth. Met. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 159 IS 14 BP 1438 EP 1442 DI 10.1016/j.synthmet.2009.03.030 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA 479GQ UT WOS:000268648100009 ER PT J AU Koehler, RN Walsh, AM Moqueet, N Currier, JR Eller, MA Eller, LA Wabwire-Mangen, F Michael, NL Robb, ML McCutchan, FE Kijak, GH AF Koehler, R. N. Walsh, A. M. Moqueet, N. Currier, J. R. Eller, M. A. Eller, L. A. Wabwire-Mangen, F. Michael, N. L. Robb, M. L. McCutchan, F. E. Kijak, G. H. TI High-throughput genotyping of KIR2DL2/L3, KIR3DL1/S1, and their HLA class I ligands using real-time PCR SO TISSUE ANTIGENS LA English DT Article DE human leukocyte antigen; innate immunity; killer immunoglobulin-like receptor; real-time polymerase chain reaction; TaqMan ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; INHIBITORY RECEPTOR GENES; SELF-TOLERANCE; C ALLELES; NK CELLS; RECOGNITION; KIR; DIVERSITY; INFECTION; ABSENCE AB Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) expressed on natural killer cells are critical components of innate immunity. Interactions between KIRs and their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligands have been shown to influence autoimmune and infectious disease course in defined populations. However, the low throughput and high cost of current methods impede confirmation of the universality of these findings. To support large epidemiology surveys, we developed a high-throughput real-time polymerase chain reaction-based assay to identify carriers of KIR3DL1, KIR3DS1, KIR2DL2, and KIR2DL3 and their HLA ligands. The platform performed with 100% sensitivity and specificity in detection of carrier and non-carrier on reference samples. The application of this platform will further clarify the nature and impact of the KIR-HLA epistatic interaction on disease course in large global population-based studies. C1 [Koehler, R. N.; Walsh, A. M.; Moqueet, N.; Currier, J. R.; Robb, M. L.; McCutchan, F. E.; Kijak, G. H.] US Mil HIV Res Program, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Eller, M. A.; Eller, L. A.] Makerere Univ, Walter Reed Project, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Kampala, Uganda. [Michael, N. L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Div Retrovirol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Koehler, RN (reprint author), US Mil HIV Res Program, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Div Retrovirol, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM rkoehler@hivresearch.org FU National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health [2' Y1-A12642-11] FX The authors would like to thank Jennifer Ring of the Department of Molecular Virology and Pathogenesis, US Military HIV Research Program, Rockville, MD, for her assistance in the development of the GAPDH primers. This work was supported through a cooperative agreement between the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine and the US Department of Defense by the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health ('HIV Vaccine Research and Development-Project 2' Y1-A12642-11). The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the US Army, the Department NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0001-2815 J9 TISSUE ANTIGENS JI Tissue Antigens PD JUL PY 2009 VL 74 IS 1 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2009.01265.x PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA 456UI UT WOS:000266876500012 PM 19522772 ER PT J AU Gust, KA Pirooznia, M Quinn, MJ Johnson, MS Escalon, L Indest, KJ Guan, X Clarke, J Deng, YP Gong, P Perkins, EJ AF Gust, Kurt A. Pirooznia, Mehdi Quinn, Michael J., Jr. Johnson, Mark S. Escalon, Lynn Indest, Karl J. Guan, Xin Clarke, Joan Deng, Youping Gong, Ping Perkins, Edward J. TI Neurotoxicogenomic Investigations to Assess Mechanisms of Action of the Munitions Constituents RDX and 2,6-DNT in Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE munitions constituents; genomics; mechanisms of action; seizures ID GENE ONTOLOGY; EXPOSURE; TOXICITY; RAT; 2,6-DINITROTOLUENE; MICROARRAYS; EXPRESSION; BRAIN AB Munitions constituents (MCs) including hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), and TNT derivatives are recognized to elicit aberrant neuromuscular responses in many species. The onset of seizures resulting in death was observed in the avian model Northern bobwhite after oral dosing with RDX beginning at 8 mg/kg/day in subacute (14 days) exposures, whereas affective doses of the TNT derivative, 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), caused gastrointestinal impacts, lethargy, and emaciation in subacute and subchronic (60 days) exposures. To assess and contrast the potential neurotoxicogenomic effects of these MCs, a Northern bobwhite microarray was developed consisting of 4119 complementary DNA (cDNA) features enriched for differentially-expressed brain transcripts from exposures to RDX and 2,6-DNT. RDX affected hundreds of genes in brain tissue, whereas 2,6-DNT affected few (< 17), indicating that 2,6-DNT exposure had relatively little impact on the brain in comparison to RDX. Birds exhibiting RDX-induced seizures accumulated over 20x more RDX in brain tissues in comparison to non-seizing birds even within a common dose. In parallel, expression patterns were unrelated among seizing and non-seizing birds exposed to equivalent RDX doses. In birds experiencing seizures, genes related to neuronal electrophysiology and signal transduction were significantly affected. Comparative toxicology revealed strong similarity in acute exposure effects between RDX and the organochlorine insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) regarding both molecular mechanisms and putative mode of action. In a manner similar to DDT, we hypothesize that RDX elicits seizures by inhibition of neuronal cell repolarization postaction potential leading to heightened neuronal excitability and seizures facilitated by multiple molecular mechanisms. C1 [Gust, Kurt A.; Indest, Karl J.; Clarke, Joan; Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, EP P, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Pirooznia, Mehdi] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Quinn, Michael J., Jr.; Johnson, Mark S.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Preventat Med, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. [Escalon, Lynn; Guan, Xin; Deng, Youping; Gong, Ping] SpecPro Inc, ERDC USACE EL EP P, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Gust, KA (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, EP P, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM kurt.a.gust@usace.army.mil OI Pirooznia, Mehdi/0000-0002-4210-6458 FU U.S. Army Environmental Quality and Installations; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers FX U.S. Army Environmental Quality and Installations basic research program. Permission was granted by the Chief of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to publish this information. NR 35 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 110 IS 1 BP 168 EP 180 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfp091 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 460YB UT WOS:000267227800015 PM 19417177 ER PT J AU McFaul, SJ Corley, JB Mester, CW Nath, J AF McFaul, Steve J. Corley, Jason B. Mester, Craig W. Nath, Jayasree TI Packed blood cells stored in AS-5 become proinflammatory during storage SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; NEUTROPHIL-PLATELET ADHESION; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; CARDIAC-SURGERY; P-SELECTIN; RED-CELLS; LEUKOCYTE; TRANSFUSION; ACTIVATION; RELEASE AB BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that packed blood cells (PBCs) stored in AS-1 (Adsol, Baxter) and AS-3 (Nutricel, Medsep Corp.) accumulate proinflammatory substances, which may contribute to increased complications from allogeneic blood transfusion. This study assessed whether supernates from PBCs stored in AS-5 (Optisol, Terumo Corp.) prime neutrophils (PMNs), activate platelets (PLTs), and accumulate proinflammatory cytokines and PMN granule constituents. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PBC units were prepared in AS-5 from nonleukoreduced (NLR) and leukoreduced (LR) whole-blood units and stored at 4 degrees C. Supernates from samples of PBCs collected at various storage times were analyzed by multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for proinflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and were incubated with type-matched blood, which was assessed by flow cytometry for expression of CD11b on PMNs, CD62P on PLTs, and formation of PMN-PLT aggregates. RESULTS: Supernates from NLR PBCs stored for at least 14 days elevated CD11b expression on PMNs and the number of PMN-PLT aggregates compared to supernates from collection day PBCs. The magnitude of these effects correlated with storage age. Supernates from LR PBCs did not elicit these responses. Expression of CD62P on PLTs was not affected by supernates from either NLR or LR PBCs. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, NAP-2, MCP-1, RANTES, and MPO were elevated in supernates from 28- and 42-day NLR units. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and MIP-1 alpha did not increase, and cytokine levels in LR PBC units did not increase. CONCLUSION: Units of NLR PBCs stored in AS-5 become increasingly proinflammatory as a function of storage time. Leukoreduction prevents this change. C1 [McFaul, Steve J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Polytrauma & Resuscitat Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP McFaul, SJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Blood Res, Room 1N85,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM steve.mcfaul@us.army.mil NR 57 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUL PY 2009 VL 49 IS 7 BP 1451 EP 1460 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02158.x PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 467CX UT WOS:000267715300026 PM 19374730 ER PT J AU Morton, D Berent, LM Bolon, B Boyd, KL Coleman, GD Hall, RL Kinsel, MJ Tornquist, SJ Wilson, DW AF Morton, D. Berent, L. M. Bolon, B. Boyd, K. L. Coleman, G. D. Hall, R. L. Kinsel, M. J. Tornquist, S. J. Wilson, D. W. TI The 2008 ACVP Role Delineation Survey and Initial Data Analysis: From the Role Delineation Task Force SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Anatomic pathology; certification; clinical pathology; examination; role delineation; veterinary pathology AB The American College of Veterinary Pathologists commissioned a role delineation survey to define the specialized tasks, knowledge, and tools that define the current practice of veterinary clinical pathology and veterinary anatomic pathology. The survey also identified when competence was acquired for each task (i.e., before certification or after certification). The response rate by diplomates was high, with approximately 50% of practicing pathologists within each specialty responding to each survey. Using the survey results, all tasks for each specialty were classified as either appropriate or unsuitable for testing in the certifying examinations. The role delineation survey data will facilitate the creation of test plans that objectively define the content in each certifying examination, the evaluation and enhancement of training curricula, and the optimization of continuing education opportunities for practicing veterinary pathologists. C1 [Morton, D.] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Berent, L. M.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Bolon, B.] GEMpath Inc, Longmont, CO USA. [Boyd, K. L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Coleman, G. D.] USA, Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. [Hall, R. L.] Covance Labs, Madison, WI USA. [Kinsel, M. J.] Zool Pathol Program, Maywood, IL USA. [Tornquist, S. J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wilson, D. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Morton, D (reprint author), Pfizer Inc, MS 8274-1345,Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340 USA. EM dan.g.morton@pfizer.com NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 46 IS 4 BP 567 EP 575 DI 10.1354/vp.09-VP-0044-M-COM PG 9 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 475UY UT WOS:000268388700005 PM 19276042 ER PT J AU Twenhafel, NA Alves, DA Purcell, BK AF Twenhafel, N. A. Alves, D. A. Purcell, B. K. TI Pathology of Inhalational Francisella tularensis spp. tularensis SCHU S4 Infection in African Green Monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE African green monkeys; Francisella tularensis; nonhuman primates; rabbit fever; tularemia ID EXPERIMENTAL TULAREMIA; PATHOGENESIS AB Tularemia, caused by Francisella tularensis, is a sporadic zoonotic disease with the potential to be an agent of biowarfare or bioterrorism. We describe here the gross, histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings in a group of 5 African green monkeys (AGMs) that received an average inhaled dose of 729 colony-forming units of F. tularensis and died or were euthanatized between days 7 and 11 post infection. Clinical changes were evident by 48 hours post infection, and key physiologic abnormalities included increases in body temperature, heart rate, peak cardiac pressure, and mean blood pressure. Prominent gross changes in all cases included numerous pinpoint to 1-cm, well-demarcated, necrotic foci present consistently in the lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes, and spleen but also seen in the heart, mediastinum, diaphragm, liver, urinary bladder, urethra, and mesentery. The lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes, and spleen were most severely affected, with as much as 50% of the tissue replaced by necrotic foci. Histologic changes in all tissues consisted of well-delineated foci of necrosis and neutrophilic and histiocytic inflammation, with varying amount!; of hemorrhage, edema, Fibrin, and vasculitis. Some lesions were immature pyogranulomas. Strong immunoreactivity was identified primarily within macrophages. Ultrastructurally, bacteria were present within cytoplasmic vacuoles of alveolar macrophages, many of which were degenerate. In summary, AGMs infected with F. tularensis by aerosol develop lethal multisystemic disease that particularly targets the lungs and lymphoid tissues. Thus, AGMs should serve as a suitable and reliable animal model for further studies of tularemia. C1 [Twenhafel, N. A.; Alves, D. A.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Purcell, B. K.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Twenhafel, NA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM nancy.twenhafel@us.army.mil FU Military Infectious Disease Research Program; U.S. Army Medical and Material Command; DHS/NBACC [N836-007]; USAMRIID [92401, A120-D.3]; NIAID [YI-AI-6139-01]; MRMC [05-0005] FX We gratefully acknowledge P. Fogle, J. Brubaker, N. Davis, G. Krietz, K. Kuehl, and C. Mech for excellent necropsy, histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy technical assistance; Dr. L. Asher for transmission electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy; and Larry Ostby for visual assistance. All work with F. tularensis was performed in a biosafety level-3 laboratory at USAM-RIID. Research was conducted in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and other federal statutes and regulations relating to animals and experiments involving animals and adheres to principles stated in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Research Council, 1996 (27a). The facility where this research was conducted is fully accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International. The research described herein was sponsored by the Military Infectious Disease Research Program, U.S. Army Medical and Material Command, DHS/NBACC no.: N836-007, USAMRIID Project Plan no. 92401 and NIAID Project Plan No. YI-AI-6139-01, USAMRIID # A120-D.3, MRMC 05-0005. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are ours and are not necessarily endorsed by the U.S. Army or the Department of Defense. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2009 VL 46 IS 4 BP 698 EP 706 DI 10.1354/vp.08-VP-0302-T-AM PG 9 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 475UY UT WOS:000268388700022 PM 19276059 ER PT J AU Pelat, T Hust, M Hale, M Lefranc, MP Dubel, S Thullier, P AF Pelat, Thibaut Hust, Michael Hale, Martha Lefranc, Marie-Paule Duebel, Stefan Thullier, Philippe TI Isolation of a human-like antibody fragment (scFv) that neutralizes ricin biological activity SO BMC BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHAGE DISPLAY; HIGH-AFFINITY; RECOMBINANT ANTIBODIES; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; KINETIC-ANALYSIS; PROTECTS MICE; A-CHAIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; TOXICITY; LIBRARY AB Background: Ricin is a lethal toxin that inhibits protein synthesis. It is easily extracted from a ubiquitously grown plant, Ricinus communis, and thus readily available for use as a bioweapon (BW). Anti-ricin antibodies provide the only known therapeutic against ricin intoxication. Results: In this study, after immunizing a non-human primate (Macaca fascicularis) with the ricin chain A (RTA), a phage-displayed immune library was built (2 x 10(8) clones), that included the lambda light chain fragment. The library was screened against ricin, and specific binders were sequenced and further analyzed. The best clone, 43RCA, was isolated using a new, stringent neutralization test. 43RCA had a high, picomolar affinity (41 pM) and neutralized ricin efficiently (IC50 = 23 +/- 3 ng/ml, corresponding to a [scFv]/[ricin] molar ratio of 4). The neutralization capacity of 43RCA compared favourably with that of polyclonal anti-deglycosylated A chain (anti-dgRCA) IgGs, obtained from hyperimmune mouse serum, which were more efficient than any monoclonal at our disposal. The 43RCA sequence is very similar to that for human IgG germline genes, with 162 of 180 identical amino acids for the VH and VL (90% sequence identity). Conclusion: Results of the characterization studies, and the high degree of identity with human germline genes, altogether make this anti-ricin scFv, or an IgG C1 [Pelat, Thibaut; Thullier, Philippe] Ctr Rech Serv Sante Armees, Grp Biotechnol Anticorps, Dept Biol Agents Transmissibles, La Tronche, France. [Hust, Michael; Duebel, Stefan] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Biochem & Biotechnol, D-3300 Braunschweig, Germany. [Hale, Martha] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. [Lefranc, Marie-Paule] Inst Univ France, Paris, France. [Lefranc, Marie-Paule] Univ Montpellier 2, Immunogenet Mol Lab, CNRS, IMGT,IGH,UPR 1142, Montpellier, France. RP Thullier, P (reprint author), Ctr Rech Serv Sante Armees, Grp Biotechnol Anticorps, Dept Biol Agents Transmissibles, La Tronche, France. EM t.pelat@orange.fr; m.hust@tu-bs.de; martha.hale@us.army.mil; marie-paule.lefranc@igh.cnrs.fr; s.duebel@tu-bs.de; pthullier@yahoo.com OI Hust, Michael/0000-0003-3418-6045; Dubel, Stefan/0000-0001-8811-7390 FU Etat Major des Armees; German ministry of education and research FX We thank Christophe Quetard (Biacore, France) for advice regarding the measurement of very high affinity on Biacore. We thank the "biologie appliquee" team (CRSSA) and Saskia Helmsing for excellent technical support. Thibaut Pelat received a fellowship from DGA/D4S. We gratefully acknowledge the financial support by Etat Major des Armees (service125: op3-c/LFR) and by the German ministry of education and research ( BMBF, SMP "Antibody Factory" in the NGFN2 program). NR 44 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6750 J9 BMC BIOTECHNOL JI BMC Biotechnol. PD JUN 30 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 60 DI 10.1186/1472-6750-9-60 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 477AK UT WOS:000268488100001 PM 19563687 ER PT J AU Johnson, JB Edwards, JW Ford, WM Gates, JE AF Johnson, Joshua B. Edwards, John W. Ford, W. Mark Gates, J. Edward TI Roost tree selection by northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) maternity colonies following prescribed fire in a Central Appalachian Mountains hardwood forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bats; Northern myotis; Myotis septentrionalis; Prescribed fire; Roost selection; West Virginia ID LONG-EARED BATS; MIXED MESOPHYTIC FOREST; TEMPERATE RAIN-FOREST; UPPER COASTAL-PLAIN; CHALINOLOBUS-TUBERCULATUS; WEST-VIRGINIA; NEW-ZEALAND; BROWN BATS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; NATIONAL-PARK AB Following decades of fire suppression in eastern forests, prescribed fire as a tool to restore or enhance oak (Quercus spp.)-dominated communities is gaining widespread acceptance in the Appalachian Mountains and elsewhere. However, the interactions of fire with biotic components such as wildlife that might be impacted by prescribed fire are poorly documented. For tree-roosting bats, fire can enhance roosting habitat by creating snags and increasing solar radiation at existing roosts. In 2007 and 2008, we examined roost selection of forest-interior dwelling northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) maternity colonies in stands treated with prescribed fire (hereafter, fire) and in unburned (hereafter, control) stands on the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia. Using radio telemetry, we tracked 36 female northern myotis to 69 roost trees; 25 in the fire treatment and 44 in the control treatment. Using logistic regression and an information-theoretic model selection approach, we determined that within the fire treatment, northern myotis maternity colonies were more likely to use cavity trees that were smaller in diameter, higher in crown class, and located in stands with lower basal area, gentler slopes, and higher percentage of fire-killed stems than random trees. Moreover, roosts often were surrounded by trees that were in the upper crown classes. In the control treatment, northern myotis were more likely to roost nearer the tops of larger diameter cavity trees in early stages of decay that were surrounded by decaying trees in the upper crown classes than random trees. Roost trees in the fire treatment were associated with larger overall canopy gaps than roost trees within the control treatment. Regardless of treatment, northern myotis maternity colonies roosted in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) in greater proportion than its availability. Ambient temperatures recorded at a subset of roost trees in fire and control treatments indicated that daily minimum temperatures were similar, but daily mean and maximum temperatures were higher in the fire treatments, possibly due to larger canopy gaps created by the senescence and decay of the surrounding fire-killed overstory trees. Northern myotis roost-switching frequency, distance between successive roosts, and duration of individual roost tree use were similar between the fire and control treatments, suggesting similar roost tree availability despite a significantly higher proportion of potential roost trees in the fire treatment. Northern myotis readily exploited alterations to forest structure created by the reintroduction of fire, which accelerated snag creation and enlarged existing or created new canopy gaps, but it remains to be determined if these conditions translate into increased recruitment and survivorship. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnson, Joshua B.; Edwards, John W.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Ford, W. Mark] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EE E, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Gates, J. Edward] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. RP Johnson, JB (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Box 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM j-johnson3@juno.com RI Gates, John/B-7397-2015 FU The USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Joint Venture Agreement [06-JV-11242300-140]; U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station [06-CO-112331-034] FX The USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Joint Venture Agreement 06-JV-11242300-140 provided primary funding for our study from the National Fire Plan to West Virginia University, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources. Funding for prescribed burning was provided by a grant from Florida Power and Light and BHE Environmental to the U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station through Collection Agreement 06-CO-112331-034. We thank the staff of the USDA Forest Service Monongahela National Forest and the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Timber and Watershed Laboratory for conducting the prescribed burns. J. DeCarlo, J. Rodrigue, and T. Smith graciously provided field assistance. We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on this manuscript. NR 75 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 30 PY 2009 VL 258 IS 3 BP 233 EP 242 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.04.008 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 464AY UT WOS:000267478000005 ER PT J AU Decewicz, DJ Neatrour, DM Burke, A Haberkorn, MJ Patney, HL Vernalis, MN Ellsworth, DL AF Decewicz, David J. Neatrour, David M. Burke, Amy Haberkorn, Mary Jane Patney, Heather L. Vernalis, Marina N. Ellsworth, Darrell L. TI Effects of cardiovascular lifestyle change on lipoprotein subclass profiles defined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy SO LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; PLAC-I TRIAL; LOW-FAT DIET; PARTICLE-SIZE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; RISK-FACTORS; WOMEN; MEN AB Background: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol lowering is a primary goal in clinical management of patients with cardiovascular disease, but traditional cholesterol levels may not accurately reflect the true atherogenicity of plasma lipid profiles. The size and concentration of lipoprotein particles, which transport cholesterol and triglycerides, may provide additional information for accurately assessing cardiovascular risk. This study evaluated changes in plasma lipoprotein profiles determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in patients participating in a prospective, nonrandomized lifestyle modification program designed to reverse or stabilize progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) to improve our understanding of lipoprotein management in cardiac patients. Results: The lifestyle intervention was effective in producing significant changes in lipoprotein subclasses that contribute to CAD risk. There was a clear beneficial effect on the total number of LDL particles (-8.3%, p < 0.05 compared to matched controls), small dense LDL particles (-9.5%, p < 0.05), and LDL particle size (+0.8%; p < 0.05). Likewise, participants showed significant improvement in traditional CAD risk factors such as body mass index (-9.9%, p < 0.01 compared to controls), total cholesterol (-5.5%, p < 0.05), physical fitness (+37.2%, p < 0.01), and future risk for CAD (-7.9%, p < 0.01). Men and women responded differently to the program for all clinically-relevant variables, with men deriving greater benefit in terms of lipoprotein atherogenicity. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein responses to the lifestyle change program were not confounded by lipid-lowering medications. Conclusion: In at risk patients motivated to participate, an intensive lifestyle change program can effectively alter traditional CAD risk factors and plasma lipoprotein subclasses and may reduce risk for cardiovascular events. Improvements in lipoprotein subclasses are more evident in men compared to women. C1 [Decewicz, David J.; Neatrour, David M.; Patney, Heather L.; Ellsworth, Darrell L.] Windber Res Inst, Integrat Cardiac & Metab Hlth Program, Windber, PA USA. [Burke, Amy; Haberkorn, Mary Jane] Windber Med Ctr, Windber, PA USA. [Vernalis, Marina N.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Integrat Cardiac Hlth Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ellsworth, DL (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, Integrat Cardiac & Metab Hlth Program, Windber, PA USA. EM d.decewicz@wriwindber.org; dneatrour@juno.com; aburke@windbercare.org; mhaberko@windbercare.org; h.patney@wriwindber.org; marina.vernalis@us.army.mil; d.ellsworth@wriwindber.org FU United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC)/Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC), Fort Detrick, Maryland; Henry M. Jackson Foundation FX The contributions of many investigators and staff members, including Fran Lechak, MS, RD, LDN, Gary Pagano, MS, Kathleen Prazich, Angie Rokita, BS, Judith Sullivan, ERYT, and Kelly Warshel, MD, are gratefully acknowledged. We especially thank the program participants. This research is supported by the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC)/Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC), Fort Detrick, Maryland and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockville, Maryland. The opinions and assertions expressed herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 60 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-511X J9 LIPIDS HEALTH DIS JI Lipids Health Dis. PD JUN 29 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 26 DI 10.1186/1476-511X-8-26 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 478GS UT WOS:000268576400001 PM 19563671 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J Allen, JL Sumner, J Sakamoto, J AF Wolfenstine, J. Allen, J. L. Sumner, J. Sakamoto, J. TI Electrical and mechanical properties of hot-pressed versus sintered LiTi2(PO4)(3) SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article DE LiTi2(PO4)(3); Sintering; Hot-pressing; Ionic conductivity; Electronic conductivity; Hardness; Microstructure ID LITHIUM TITANIUM PHOSPHATE; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; GRAIN-GROWTH; LIQUID-PHASE; CERAMIC ELECTROLYTES; ALUMINA; LI4TI5O12; MICROSTRUCTURE; SINTERABILITY; DEFORMATION AB The electrical and mechanical properties of hot-pressed versus sintered LiTi2(PO4)(3) were investigated. The hot-pressed LiTi2(PO4)(3) had a higher density and larger average grain size than the sintered material. As a result of these microstructural differences the hot-pressed material exhibited a higher total ionic conductivity and lower hardness. The electronic conductivity of both materials was the same and increased by a factor of about 10(7) when the hot-pressed and sintered materials were heated under a reducing atmosphere. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wolfenstine, J.; Allen, J. L.] AMSRD ARL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Sumner, J.] AMSRD ARL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Sakamoto, J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), AMSRD ARL SE DC, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jwolfenstine@arl.army.ml FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) FX The authors would like to acknowledge support of the U. S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and Dr. Ivan Lee (ARL) for his help in performing the surface area measurements. In addition, the authors would like to acknowledge the help of Dr. William Luecke of the National Institute of Standards and Technology for his help in performing the microhardness measurements. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUN 25 PY 2009 VL 180 IS 14-16 BP 961 EP 967 DI 10.1016/j.ssi.2009.03.021 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 466PH UT WOS:000267674000010 ER PT J AU Dupuy, LC Locher, CP Paidhungat, M Richards, MJ Lind, CM Bakken, R Parker, MD Whalen, RG Schmaljohn, CS AF Dupuy, Lesley C. Locher, Christopher P. Paidhungat, Madan Richards, Michelle J. Lind, Cathleen M. Bakken, Russell Parker, Michael D. Whalen, Robert G. Schmaljohn, Connie S. TI Directed molecular evolution improves the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus DNA vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus; DNA vaccine; Directed molecular evolution ID SCREENING STRATEGIES; STRUCTURAL PROTEINS; AIRBORNE CHALLENGE; E2 GLYCOPROTEIN; SINDBIS-VIRUS; IN-VITRO; MICE; RECOMBINATION; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION AB We employed directed molecular evolution to improve the cross-reactivity and immunogenicity of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) envelope glycoproteins. The DNA encoding the E1 and E2 proteins from VEEV subtypes IA/B and IE, Mucambo virus (MUCV), and eastern and western equine encephalitis viruses (EEEV and WEEV) were recombined in vitro to create libraries of chimeric genes expressing variant envelope proteins. ELISAs specific for all five parent viruses were used in high-throughput screening to identify those recombinant DNAs that demonstrated cross-reactivity to VEEV, MUCV, EEEV, and WEEV after administration as plasmid vaccines in mice. Selected variants were then used to vaccinate larger cohorts of mice and their sera were assayed by both ELISA and by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Representative variants from a library in which the El gene from VEEV IA/B was held constant and only the E2 genes of the five parent viruses were recombined elicited significantly increased neutralizing antibody titers to VEEV IA/B compared to the parent DNA vaccine and provided improved protection against aerosol VEEV IA/B challenge. Our results indicate that it is possible to improve the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of alphavirus DNA vaccines using directed molecular evolution. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dupuy, Lesley C.; Richards, Michelle J.; Lind, Cathleen M.; Bakken, Russell; Parker, Michael D.; Schmaljohn, Connie S.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Locher, Christopher P.; Paidhungat, Madan; Whalen, Robert G.] Maxygen Inc, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. RP Schmaljohn, CS (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1301 Ditto Ave, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM connie.schmaljohn@amedd.army.mil FU U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) [02-4-EE-075]; U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC) [DAMD17-02-2-2-0016]; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) FX This research was performed under U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) project number 02-4-EE-075 and U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC) Cooperative Research and Development Agreement DAMD17-02-2-2-0016 between USAMRIID and Maxgen, Inc. This study was supported in part by a grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). This research was performed while L.C.D. held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at USAMRIID. NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 24 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 31 BP 4152 EP 4160 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.04.049 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 467YD UT WOS:000267778700009 PM 19406186 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, N Hullsiek, KH Satter, E Marconi, V Weintrob, A Ganesan, A Barthel, RV Fraser, S Agan, BK AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler Satter, Elizabeth Marconi, Vincent Weintrob, Amy Ganesan, Anuradha Barthel, R. Vincent Fraser, Susan Agan, Brian K. TI Cutaneous Malignancies Among HIV-Infected Persons SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RENAL-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; SKIN-CANCER; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; BASAL-CELL AB Background: As the life expectancy of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases, cancers have become an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Although cutaneous cancers are the most common malignant neoplasms in the general population, little data exist among HIV-positive persons, especially regarding the impact of HIV-specific factors. Methods: We evaluated the incidence rates and factors associated with the development of cutaneous malignancies among HIV-infected persons by examining data that were prospectively collected from a large HIV study that included 4490 participants (1986-2006). Poisson regression and Cox proportional hazards models were performed. Results: Six percent of HIV-infected persons (n = 254) developed a cutaneous malignancy during 33 760 person years of follow-up (mean, 7.5 years). Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence rates of cutaneous non-AIDS-defining cancers NADCs), in particular basal cell carcinoma, have exceeded the rates of cutaneous AIDS-defining cancers such as Kaposi sarcoma. Factors associated with the development of cutaneous NADCs in the multivariate models included increasing age (hazard ratio [HR], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-2.6) and race. Compared with the white/non-Hispanic race, African Americans (HR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.14) and other races (HR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.03-0.57) had a lower risk of cutaneous NADCs. There were no significant associations between cutaneous NADCs and time-updated CD4 lymphocyte counts, HIV RNA levels, or receipt of HAART. Conclusions: At present, the most common cutaneous malignancies among HIV-infected persons are NADCs. Cutaneous NADCs do not appear to be significantly associated with immune function or HAART but rather are related to traditional factors such as aging and skin color. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy] USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy; Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler; Marconi, Vincent; Weintrob, Amy; Ganesan, Anuradha; Barthel, R. Vincent; Fraser, Susan; Agan, Brian K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Tri Serv AIDS Clin Consortium, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Satter, Elizabeth] USN, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Hullsiek, Katherine Huppler] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Marconi, Vincent] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Barthel, R. Vincent] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Fraser, Susan] Tripler Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, N (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP); Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland FX Support for this work was provided by the Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, Maryland, of which the TriService AIDS Clinical Consortium (TACC) is a component. The IDCRP is a Department of Defense Triservice program that is executed through USUHS and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine in collaboration with the US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Division of Clinical Research through Interagency Agreement HU0001-05-2-0011. NR 43 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUN 22 PY 2009 VL 169 IS 12 BP 1130 EP 1138 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 461BN UT WOS:000267239300008 PM 19546414 ER PT J AU Leal, AA Deitzel, JM McKnight, SH Gillespie, JW AF Leal, A. Andres Deitzel, Joseph M. McKnight, Steven H. Gillespie, John W., Jr. TI Effect of hydrogen bonding and moisture cycling on the compressive performance of poly-pyridobisimidazole (M5) fiber SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Organic fiber; Hydrogen bonding; Compressive strength ID RIGID-ROD POLYMER; POLY(P-PHENYLENE TEREPHTHALAMIDE); CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REGULAR KEVLAR; WATER; PIPD; MODULUS; ACCESSIBILITY; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR AB A clear correlation between the degree of intermolecular hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) and axial compressive strength of pyridobisimidazole (M5) as-spun fiber specimens subjected to varying annealing conditions has been established by means of Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy and single fiber elastica loop testing. As the water initially contained in the as-spun fiber is removed by heat treatment, improvements in polymer chain orientation promote the formation of intermolecular H-bonds, leading to enhanced fiber compressive strength values. M5 fiber specimens with the highest degree of intermolecular H-bonding of 96 +/- 1% are found to have a compressive strength of 1.72 +/- 0.09 GPa. Moisture cycling experiments of M5 annealed specimens have provided direct evidence of partial H-bond reversibility in this material, as saturation of M5 annealed fiber resulted in the reduction of the degree of intermolecular H-bonding from 93 to 64%. Upon drying the fiber at 120 degrees C in an inert atmosphere, the degree of H-bonding returned to the original value of 93%. However, repeated fiber moisture cycling resulted in a monotonic reduction in the degree of H-bonding in both the saturated condition (53%) and dry state (62%). The compressive strength of saturated and dried specimens after moisture cycling was found to be statistically equivalent at a reduced level of 1.29 GPa. The original degree of H-bonding and compressive strength could be recovered by re-annealing the fiber under tension. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Leal, A. Andres; Deitzel, Joseph M.; Gillespie, John W., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Leal, A. Andres; Gillespie, John W., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gillespie, John W., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [McKnight, Steven H.] USA, Res Lab, Div Mat, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. RP Gillespie, JW (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM gillespi@udel.edu FU Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-06-2-011] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Philip Cunniff for providing the M5 (R) as-spun fiber samples. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 19 PY 2009 VL 50 IS 13 BP 2900 EP 2905 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.04.019 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 463FN UT WOS:000267415600021 ER PT J AU Sarva, SS Hsieh, AJ AF Sarva, Sai S. Hsieh, Alex J. TI The effect of microstructure on the rate-dependent stress-strain behavior of poly(urethane urea) elastomers SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Poly(urethane urea) elastomers; Phase mixing; Rate sensitivity ID STRUCTURE-PROPERTY BEHAVIOR; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; SEGMENTED POLYURETHANES; DEFORMATION; MORPHOLOGY; SOFT; SERIES AB Segmented poly(urethane urea) materials (PUUs) exhibit versatile mechanical properties and have drawn great interest due to their potential for protection against projectile impacts and blast loadings. To optimize the performance of PUUs for various high rate applications, specific features of their mechanical behavior have to be suitably tailored by altering the microstructure. Hence the micromechanisms governing the mechanical behavior must be identified, understood and leveraged. In this study, the effects of varying microstructure on the rate-dependent mechanical behavior were examined for select PUU materials. As expected, increasing the hard segment content increased the stiffness and the flow stress levels. Interestingly, it was observed that promoting phase mixing among the hard and soft segment domains of the PUU material greatly enhanced its rate-dependent stiffening and strain hardening behavior. These insights can help design PUUs for articles that manifest improved protective abilities under impact, while maintaining their flexibility during normal use. The potential applications for such materials are extensive, including face masks and goggles, which require excellent folding/un-folding capabilities, while also providing Superior impact resistance. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hsieh, Alex J.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Sarva, Sai S.; Hsieh, Alex J.] MIT, Inst Soldier Nanotechnol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hsieh, AJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM ahsieh@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army through the Institute [W911NF-07-D-0004] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Army through the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, under Contract W911NF-07-D-0004 with the U.S. Army Research Office. Alex J. Hsieh acknowledges the PUU materials provided by Dr. Norman Rice of Triton Systems, Inc. through an ISN 6.2 project funded by the Army. AJH also thanks Dr. Rick L. Beyer of Army Research Laboratory for providing assistance with the SAXS and WAXS measurements, and Dr. Shawna M. Liff of ISN for assistance with the tensile tests. NR 30 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JUN 19 PY 2009 VL 50 IS 13 BP 3007 EP 3015 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.04.025 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 463FN UT WOS:000267415600034 ER PT J AU Frazier, JM Chushak, Y Foy, B AF Frazier, John M. Chushak, Yaroslav Foy, Brent TI Stochastic simulation and analysis of biomolecular reaction networks SO BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENETIC NETWORK; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; EXPRESSION; CELL; LIPOSOMES; SOFTWARE AB Background: In recent years, several stochastic simulation algorithms have been developed to generate Monte Carlo trajectories that describe the time evolution of the behavior of biomolecular reaction networks. However, the effects of various stochastic simulation and data analysis conditions on the observed dynamics of complex biomolecular reaction networks have not recieved much attention. In order to investigate these issues, we employed a a software package developed in out group, called Biomolecular Network Simulator (BNS), to simulate and analyze the behavior of such systems. The behavior of a hypothetical two gene in vitro transcription-translation reaction network is investigated using the Gillespie exact stochastic algorithm to illustrate some of the factors that influence the analysis and interpretation of these data. Results: Specific issues affecting the analysis and interpretation of simulation data are investigated, including: (1) the effect of time interval on data presentation and time-weighted averaging of molecule numbers, (2) effect of time averaging interval on reaction rate analysis, (3) effect of number of simulations on precision of model predictions, and (4) implications of stochastic simulations on optimization procedures. Conclusion: The two main factors affecting the analysis of stochastic simulations are: (1) the selection of time intervals to compute or average state variables and (2) the number of simulations generated to evaluate the system behavior. C1 [Frazier, John M.] USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Chushak, Yaroslav] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Foy, Brent] Wright State Univ, Dept Phys, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. RP Frazier, JM (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM john.frazier@wpafb.af.mil; yaroslav.chushak@wpafb.af.mil; brent.foy@wright.edu FU Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Office (HPCMPO) FX The work of Yaroslav Chushak was made possible by a grant from the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program Office (HPCMPO). The work of Brent Foy was made possible by a grant from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and by the Air Force Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. DISCLAIMER: The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the U.S. Army, U.S. Air Force, or the U.S. Department of Defense. This paper has been approved for public release with unlimited distribution (Case Number: 88ABW-2008-0859). NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1752-0509 J9 BMC SYST BIOL JI BMC Syst. Biol. PD JUN 17 PY 2009 VL 3 AR 64 DI 10.1186/1752-0509-3-64 PG 21 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 472PZ UT WOS:000268145500001 PM 19534796 ER PT J AU Smith, TJ Pikosky, MA Grediagin, A Castaneda-Sceppa, C Byerley, LO Glickman, EL Young, AJ AF Smith, Tracey J. Pikosky, Matthew A. Grediagin, Ann Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen Byerley, Lauri O. Glickman, Ellen L. Young, Andrew J. TI Aerobic fitness does not modulate protein metabolism in response to increased exercise: a controlled trial SO NUTRITION & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-BODY; LEUCINE OXIDATION; NITROGEN-BALANCE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; HEALTHY-ADULTS; HAND VEIN; YOUNG MEN; FED-STATE; TURNOVER AB Background: A sudden increase in exercise and energy expenditure is associated with an increase in protein turnover and nitrogen excretion. This study examined how a sudden increase in exercise-induced energy expenditure affected whole body protein metabolism and nitrogen balance in people of differing levels of aerobic fitness. We hypothesized that alterations in whole-body protein turnover would be attenuated, and nitrogen balance would be preserved, in individual with higher levels of aerobic fitness. Methods: Eleven men, categorized as either having a lower (LOW-FIT; n = 5) or higher (FIT; n = 6) aerobic fitness level, completed a 4-d baseline period (BL) of an energy balance diet while maintaining usual physical activity level, followed by a 7-d intervention consisting of 1,000 kcal.d(-1) increased energy expenditure via exercise (50-65% VO(2peak)). All volunteers consumed 0.9 g protein.kg(-1).d(-1) and total energy intake was adjusted to maintain energy balance throughout the 11-d study. Mean nitrogen balance (NBAL) was determined for BL, days 5-8 (EX1), and days 9-11 (EX2). Whole-body protein turnover was derived from phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics assessed while fasting at rest on days 4, 7, and 12 using a priming dose of L-[ring-(15)N] tyrosine and a 4-h primed, continuous infusion of L-[(15)N] phenylalanine and L-[ring-(2)H(4)] tyrosine. Results: A significant main effect of time indicated that NBAL increased over the course of the intervention; however, a group-by-time interaction was not observed. Although FIT demonstrated a lower net protein oxidation and higher net protein balance compared to LOW-FIT, neither the effect of time nor a group-by-time interaction was significant for Phe flux, net protein oxidation, or derived whole-body protein synthesis and net protein balance. Conclusion: The absence of significant group-by-time interactions in protein metabolism (i.e., NBAL and whole-body protein turnover) between LOW-FIT and FIT males suggest that aerobic fitness level does not modulate protein "sparing" in response to an unaccustomed increase in energy expenditure. C1 [Smith, Tracey J.; Pikosky, Matthew A.; Grediagin, Ann; Glickman, Ellen L.; Young, Andrew J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Byerley, Lauri O.] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RP Smith, TJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Tracey.j.Smith@us.army.mil; mpikosky@rosedmi.com; ann.gred@gmail.com; c.sceppa@neu.edu; lbyerl@lsuhsc.edu; EGLICKMA@kent.edu; Andrew.young@amedd.army.mil FU United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command FX Disclosure of funding: this work was funded by the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1743-7075 J9 NUTR METAB JI Nutr. Metab. PD JUN 16 PY 2009 VL 6 AR 28 DI 10.1186/1743-7075-6-28 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 475EF UT WOS:000268340500001 PM 19531244 ER PT J AU Shen, H Wraback, M Zhong, H Tyagi, A DenBaars, SP Nakamura, S Speck, JS AF Shen, H. Wraback, M. Zhong, H. Tyagi, A. DenBaars, S. P. Nakamura, S. Speck, J. S. TI Determination of polarization field in a semipolar (1122) InGaN/GaN single quantum well using Franz-Keldysh oscillations in electroreflectance SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE electro-optical effects; gallium compounds; III-V semiconductors; indium compounds; polarisation; reflectivity; semiconductor quantum wells; wide band gap semiconductors ID PIEZOELECTRIC FIELD; MODULATION SPECTROSCOPY; SEMICONDUCTORS; PHOTOREFLECTANCE; MECHANISMS; SYSTEM; GAN AB We present an electroreflectance study of the polarization field in a semipolar (1122) oriented In(0.12)Ga(0.88)N quantum well. We demonstrate that the polarization field in a quantum well can be determined by the electric field in the barrier region measured by Franz-Keldysh oscillations. The polarization field is found to be 575 +/- 150 kV/cm, in the same direction as the built-in field. The corresponding polarization is 0.006 +/- 0.002 C/m(2). Our experimental result indicates that in the semipolar InGaN/GaN QW there is a crossover angle where the polarization field vanishes, and this crossover angle is less than 58 degrees. C1 [Shen, H.; Wraback, M.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Zhong, H.; Tyagi, A.; DenBaars, S. P.; Nakamura, S.; Speck, J. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Zhong, H.; Tyagi, A.; DenBaars, S. P.; Nakamura, S.; Speck, J. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Shen, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM pshen@arl.army.mil RI Speck, James/H-5646-2011 FU Solid State Lighting and Energy Center (SSLEC); DARPA VIGIL program FX The work at UCSB was supported by the Solid State Lighting and Energy Center (SSLEC) and by the DARPA VIGIL program. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 94 IS 24 AR 241906 DI 10.1063/1.3153145 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 460DF UT WOS:000267166600028 ER PT J AU Sund, CJ Wong, MS Sumner, JJ AF Sund, Christian J. Wong, Michael S. Sumner, James J. TI Mitigation of the effect of catholyte contamination in microbial fuel cells using a wicking air cathode SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Microbial fuel cell; Cathode; Microbial contamination; Current generation ID ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; OXYGEN REDUCTION; WASTE-WATER; POWER-DENSITY; CHALLENGES; CONFIGURATION; PERFORMANCE; DESIGNS; ANODES AB Cathode design greatly affects microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance. Cathode contamination is inevitable in a single-chamber MFC yet it is impossible to study the magnitude of this effect in the single-chambered format. Therefore to study the effect of contamination at the cathode two-chamber MFCs must be used. The advantages of the two-chamber MFC design used in this study include: the assembled and filled fuel cell is autoclavable and the cathode can easily be moved from the submerged to air exposed position while maintaining sterility. This study was performed with the cathode in two positions: completely submerged in the catholyte and raised to a point where wicking action was used to coat the cathode with catholyte. When the cathode was submerged and the catholyte was inoculated with Bacillus megaterium, Shewanella oneidensis or Escherichia coli current generation was greatly decreased as compared to sterile. When the cathodes were raised, allowing contact with the catholyte by wicking, the current rose to levels comparable with sterile cathode MFCs. The reduced performance of submerged cathodes is most likely due to the microbial culture in the cathode greatly reducing the available oxygen for completion of the cathode reaction. This shows simple designs with low-cost materials can be used to mitigate effects of cathode contamination. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sund, Christian J.; Wong, Michael S.; Sumner, James J.] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sumner, JJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM james.sumner1@us.army.mil RI sund, christian/G-3424-2013 NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 24 IS 10 BP 3144 EP 3147 DI 10.1016/j.bios.2009.03.019 PG 4 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 460CH UT WOS:000267162200034 PM 19359159 ER PT J AU Levina, VV Nolen, B Su, Y Godwin, AK Fishman, D Liu, JS Mor, G Maxwell, LG Herberman, RB Szczepanski, MJ Szajnik, ME Gorelik, E Lokshin, AE AF Levina, Vera V. Nolen, Brian Su, YunYun Godwin, Andrew K. Fishman, David Liu, Jinsong Mor, Gil Maxwell, Larry G. Herberman, Ronald B. Szczepanski, Miroslaw J. Szajnik, Marta E. Gorelik, Elieser Lokshin, Anna E. TI Biological Significance of Prolactin in Gynecologic Cancers SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN BREAST-CARCINOMA; ENDOMETRIAL CANCER; GROWTH-HORMONE; OVARIAN-CANCER; K-RAS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; PLASMA PROLACTIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; CELLS AB There is increasing evidence that prolactin (PRL), a hormone/cytokine, plays a role in breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers via local production or accumulation. Elevated levels of serum PRL in ovarian and endometrial cancers have been reported, indicating a potential role for PRL in endometrial and ovarian carcinogenesis. In this study, we show that serum PRL levels are significantly elevated in women with a strong family history of ovarian cancer. We show dramatically increased expression of PRL receptor in ovarian and endometrial tumors as well as in endometrial hyperplasia, signifying the importance of PRL signaling in malignant and premalignant conditions. PRL mRNA was expressed in ovarian and endometrial tumors, indicating the presence of an autocrine loop. PRL potently induced proliferation in several ovarian and endometrial cancer cell lines. Binding of PRL to its receptor was followed by rapid phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase 1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, CREB, ATF-2, and p53 and activation of 37 transcription factors in ovarian and endometrial carcinoma cells. PRL also activated Ras oncogene in these cells. When human immortalized normal ovarian epithelial cells were chronically exposed to PRL, a malignant transformation occurred manifested by the acquired ability of transformed cells to form clones, grow in soft agar, and form tumors in severe combined immunodeficient-beige mice. Transformation efficiency was diminished by a Ras inhibitor, providing proof that PRL-induced transformation uses the Ras pathway. In summary, we present findings that indicate an important role for PRL in ovarian and endometrial tumorigenesis. PRL may represent a risk factor for ovarian and endometrial cancers. [Cancer Res 2009;69 (12):5226-33] C1 [Lokshin, Anna E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Hillman Canc Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Levina, Vera V.; Herberman, Ronald B.; Lokshin, Anna E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Herberman, Ronald B.; Gorelik, Elieser; Lokshin, Anna E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Herberman, Ronald B.; Gorelik, Elieser] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Lokshin, Anna E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Godwin, Andrew K.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. [Fishman, David] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Liu, Jinsong] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mor, Gil] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Maxwell, Larry G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lokshin, AE (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Hillman Canc Ctr, Room 1-18,5117 Ctr Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM lokshina@pitt.edu FU NIH [R03 CA13601, R01 CA098642, R01 CA108990, P50]; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute; Department of Defense [BC051720]; Harry J. Lloyd Charitable Trust; Hillman Foundation FX NIH grants R03 CA13601, R01 CA098642, R01 CA108990, and P50 and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Hillman Fellows Award (A.E. Lokshin) and Department of Defense, IDEA Award BC051720. Harry J. Lloyd Charitable Trust, and Hillman Foundation (E. Gorelik). NR 38 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 69 IS 12 BP 5226 EP 5233 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-4652 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 464LM UT WOS:000267506400039 PM 19491263 ER PT J AU Hartzell, JD Neff, R Ake, J Howard, R Olson, S Paolino, K Vishnepolsky, M Weintrob, A Wortmann, G AF Hartzell, Joshua D. Neff, Robert Ake, Julie Howard, Robin Olson, Stephen Paolino, Kristopher Vishnepolsky, Mark Weintrob, Amy Wortmann, Glenn TI Nephrotoxicity Associated with Intravenous Colistin (Colistimethate Sodium) Treatment at a Tertiary Care Medical Center SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; NEGATIVE BACTERIAL-INFECTIONS; ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; THERAPY; POLYMYXINS; DEFINITION; TOXICITY; EFFICACY; SAFETY AB The incidence of acute renal failure, defined by the risk, injury, or failure criteria of the RIFLE criteria ( risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage kidney disease), in 66 patients who received colistimethate sodium was 45%, and 21% of patients stopped therapy because of nephrotoxicity. The RIFLE criteria should be used in the future to allow for comparison of nephrotoxicity among studies. C1 [Hartzell, Joshua D.; Ake, Julie; Paolino, Kristopher; Weintrob, Amy; Wortmann, Glenn] USA, Infect Dis Serv, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Neff, Robert; Olson, Stephen; Vishnepolsky, Mark] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Howard, Robin] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hartzell, JD (reprint author), USA, Infect Dis Serv, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bldg 2,Ward 63,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM joshua.hartzell@amedd.army.mil RI Paolino, Kristopher/G-1859-2012 NR 20 TC 145 Z9 147 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1724 EP 1728 DI 10.1086/599225 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 450YY UT WOS:000266439100014 PM 19438394 ER PT J AU Henz, BJ Hawa, T Zachariah, M AF Henz, Brian J. Hawa, Takumi Zachariah, Michael TI Molecular dynamics simulation of the energetic reaction between Ni and Al nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; SURFACE-ENERGY; COALESCENCE; BODY; ALUMINUM; TEMPERATURE; ENTHALPIES; POTENTIALS; OXIDATION AB Molecular dynamics simulations are used to simulate the energetic reaction of Ni and Al particles at the nanometer scale. The effect of particle size on reaction time and temperature for separate nanoparticles has been considered as a model system for a powder metallurgy system. Coated nanoparticles in the form of Ni-coated Al nanoparticles and Al-coated Ni nanoparticles are also analyzed as a model for nanoparticles embedded within a matrix. The differences in melting temperature and phase change behavior, e. g., the volumetric expansion of Al between Al and Ni, are expected to produce differing results for the coated nanoparticle systems. For instance, the volumetric expansion of Al upon melting is expected to produce large tensile stresses and possibly rupture in the Ni shell for Ni-coated Al. Simulation results show that the sintering time for separate and coated nanoparticles is nearly linearly dependent on the number of atoms or volume of the sintering nanoparticles. We have also found that nanoparticle size and surface energy are important factors in determining the adiabatic reaction temperature for both systems at nanoparticle sizes of less than 10 nm in diameter. (c) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3073988] C1 [Zachariah, Michael] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Henz, Brian J.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Hawa, Takumi; Zachariah, Michael] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hawa, Takumi; Zachariah, Michael] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Zachariah, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM mrz@umd.edu NR 38 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 105 IS 12 AR 124310 DI 10.1063/1.3073988 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 465PP UT WOS:000267599600124 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Foster, D Read, J AF Zhang, Sheng S. Foster, Donald Read, Jeffrey TI Carbothermal treatment for the improved discharge performance of primary Li/CFx battery SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Carbon fluoride; Carbon monofluoride; Subfluorinated carbon; Carbothermal treatment; Li/CFx battery ID POLY(CARBON MONOFLUORIDE); LITHIUM BATTERIES; CARBON FLUORIDE; TEMPERATURE; CATHODE; CFX AB Carbothermal treatment Was used to improve the discharge rate performance of primary lithium/carbon monofluoride (Li/CFx with x=1) batteries. The treatment was carried out by heating a mixture of CFx and carbon black (CB) just below the decomposition temperature of CFx under nitrogen for 2 h. In the treatment, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (Kynar) Was used as a fluorinated polymer binder to press the CFx/CB mixture into pellets. It was shown that the content of Kynar significantly affected the discharge performance of the resulting treated-CFx (T-CFx). This can be attributed to the catalytic effect of HF formed by the pyrolysis of Kynar oil the decomposition of CFx and oil the reaction of CB with the volatile fluorocarbons formed by the decomposition of CFx. The discharge performance of T-CFx cathode was also affected by the temperature of carbothermal treatment and by the ratio of CFx to CB. In this work the best result was obtained from a treatment conducted at 470 C oil a 87CF(x)/10CB/3Kynar (by weight) mixture. In the discharge condition of C/5 and 20 C, the Li/CFx cell with such-obtained T-CFx cathode showed about 95 mV higher voltage than the control cell while retaining nearly the same specific capacity. Impedance analyses indicate that the improved discharge performance is mainly attributed to a reduction ill (lie cell reaction resistance (R-cr) that includes an ohmic resistance related to the ionic conductivity of the discharge product shell and a Faradic resistance related to the processes of charge-transfer and Li+ ion diffusion in the CFx reaction zone. published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Zhang, Sheng S.; Foster, Donald; Read, Jeffrey] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 25 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 191 IS 2 BP 648 EP 652 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.02.007 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 454HM UT WOS:000266673000064 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, Edwin B. TI To Live or To Perish Forever: Two Tumultuous Years in Pakistan SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin B.] Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 15 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 11 BP 84 EP 84 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 460QQ UT WOS:000267202600145 ER PT J AU Harless, ML Walde, AD Delaney, DK Pater, LL Hayes, WK AF Harless, Meagan L. Walde, Andrew D. Delaney, David K. Pater, Larry L. Hayes, William K. TI Home Range, Spatial Overlap, and Burrow Use of the Desert Tortoise in the West Mojave Desert SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID MOVEMENT PATTERNS; SPACE USE; GOPHERUS-POLYPHEMUS; BODY-SIZE; LIZARD; HABITAT; TERRITORIAL; POPULATION; SELECTION; AGASSIZII AB Understanding the space use patterns of a population may provide crucial Information regarding land management decisions, such as delineation of protected areas. Herein we provide a comprehensive analysis of factors affecting the space use of Desert Tortoises In the west Mojave Desert, including physical, social, and environmental variables. Our objectives were to determine how spatial overlap, as well as multiple parameters of burrow use, Influence home range size of this species. Male tortoises were significantly larger than females and exhibited very different patterns of space and burrow use; however, body size did not affect these variables. Male home range (100% MCP) and core area (50% MCP) size averaged 65% and 73% larger than those of females. Burrow use by males and females affected core area size, but not home range area. Females exhibited a strong male bias in overlap of both estimates of space use and burrow sharing, while using a significantly lower number of burrows per year. However, males overlapped and shared burrows with a similar number of tortoises of either sex. In addition, a high degree of home range overlap between individuals suggests a lack of territoriality In this population, although this warrants further analysis. These results suggest that social factors may not be the primary determinants of space use in this Desert Tortoise population. C1 [Harless, Meagan L.; Walde, Andrew D.] ITS Corp, Atascadero, CA 93422 USA. [Harless, Meagan L.; Hayes, William K.] Loma Linda Univ, Dept Earth & Biol Sci, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. [Delaney, David K.; Pater, Larry L.] USA, Construct & Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Walde, AD (reprint author), ITS Corp, 8000 San Gregorio Rd, Atascadero, CA 93422 USA. EM awalde@hotmail.com RI Hayes, William/L-1284-2013 OI Hayes, William/0000-0002-0903-0519 FU States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) [TE066452I]; California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG); Memorandum of Understanding for Scientific Collecting Permit [802005-03]; The Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (USACERL); U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC); ITS Corporation; Directorate of Public Works at Fort Irwin National Training Center FX Field work would not have been completed without the coordinated efforts of the following individuals: J. Adams, N. Bieser, L. Bol, B. DeGregario, K. Howard, C. Howey, D.Jackan, M. Kern, C. LaMere, E. Lee, 11. Rosenfeld, L. Spenceley, J. Strong, and A. Walde. We thank- S. Dunbar, J. Grant, and 1'. Drummer for providing helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Research was conducted under United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) recovery permit TE066452I (to DKD and ADW) and California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) Memorandum of Understanding for Scientific Collecting Permit #802005-03 (to DKD and ADW). The Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (USACERL), which is an element of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), was the primary funding agency for this research. ITS Corporation, the contracting agency for USACERL, and the Directorate of Public Works at Fort Irwin National Training Center provided additional funding as needed. NR 71 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD JUN 12 PY 2009 IS 2 BP 378 EP 389 DI 10.1643/CE-07-226 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 459YX UT WOS:000267151100022 ER PT J AU Phillips, CJ Matyas, GR Hansen, CJ Alving, CR Smith, TC Ryan, MAK AF Phillips, Christopher J. Matyas, Gary R. Hansen, Christian J. Alving, Carl R. Smith, Tyler C. Ryan, Margaret A. K. TI Antibodies to squalene in US Navy Persian Gulf War veterans with chronic multisymptom illness SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Immunologic adjuvants; Squalene; Anthrax vaccines ID DESERT-STORM; HEALTH; SYMPTOMS; EXPOSURE; INDUCTION; RESPONSES; ASSAY AB Since the end of the 1991 Gulf War, there have been reports of unexplained, multisymptom illnesses afflicting veterans who consistently report more symptoms than do nondeployed veterans. One of the many possible exposures suspected of causing chronic multisymptom illnesses Gulf War veterans is squalene, thought to be present in anthrax vaccine. We examined the relationship between squalene antibodies and chronic symptoms reported by Navy construction workers (Seabees), n = 579. 30.2% were deployers, 7.4% were defined as ill, and 43.5% were positive for squalene antibodies. We found no association between squalene antibody Status and chronic multisymptom illness (p = 0.465). The etiology of Gulf War syndrome remains unknown, but Should not include squalene antibody status. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Phillips, Christopher J.; Hansen, Christian J.; Smith, Tyler C.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. [Matyas, Gary R.; Alving, Carl R.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Adjuvant, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Matyas, Gary R.; Alving, Carl R.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Antigen Res Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Ryan, Margaret A. K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Epidemiol, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Phillips, CJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. EM chris.phillips@med.navy.mil OI Matyas, Gary/0000-0002-2074-2373 FU Naval Health Research Center [08-34]; Department of Defense [60002]; US Department of the Navy; US Department of the Army; US Department of the Air Force; US Department of Defense; federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research [NHRC.2002.0013] FX This represents Naval Health Research Center report 08-34, supported by the Department of Defense, under work unit No. 60002. Funding sources did not play any other role. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the US Department of the Navy, US Department of the Army, US Department of the Air Force, or US Department of Defense, approved for public release. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research (Protocol NHRC.2002.0013). NR 41 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 12 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 29 BP 3921 EP 3926 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.091 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 465KA UT WOS:000267581300017 PM 19379786 ER PT J AU Clements, AF Haley, JE Urbas, AM Kost, A Rauh, RD Bertone, JF Wang, F Wiers, BM Gao, D Stefanik, TS Mott, AG Mackie, DM AF Clements, Andrew F. Haley, Joy E. Urbas, Augustine M. Kost, Alan Rauh, R. David Bertone, Jane F. Wang, Fei Wiers, Brian M. Gao, De Stefanik, Todd S. Mott, Andrew G. Mackie, David M. TI Photophysical Properties of C-60 Colloids Suspended in Water with Triton X-100 Surfactant: Excited-State Properties with Femtosecond Resolution SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CARBON-DISULFIDE SOLUTION; LASER FLASH-PHOTOLYSIS; THIN-FILMS; ULTRAFAST RELAXATION; SOLID C-60; SOLVENT MIXTURES; BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; BLACK SUSPENSIONS AB We examine the photophysics of a colloidal Suspension of C-60 particles in a micellar solution of Triton X-100 and water, prepared via a new synthesis which allows high-concentration Suspensions. The particle sizes are characterized by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering and found to be somewhat polydisperse in the range of 10-100 nm. The suspension is characterized optically by UV-vis spectroscopy, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, laser flash photolysis. and z-scan. The ground-state absorbance spectrum shows a broad absorbance feature centered near 450 nm which is indicative of colloidal C-60. The transient absorption dynamics, presented for the first time with femtosecond resolution, are very similar to that of thin films of C-60 and indicate a strong quenching of the singlet excited state oil short time scales and evidence of little intersystem crossing to a triplet excited state. Laser flash photolysis reveals that a triplet excited-state absorption spectrum, which is essentially identical in shape to that of molecular C-60 Solutions, does indeed arise, but with Much lower magnitude and somewhat shorter lifetime. Z-scan analysis confirms that the optical response of this material is dominated by nonlinear scattering. C1 [Clements, Andrew F.] USA, RDECOM TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Haley, Joy E.; Urbas, Augustine M.] USAF, Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Haley, Joy E.] Universal Energy Syst Inc, Dayton, OH 45432 USA. [Kost, Alan] Univ Arizona, Ctr Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Rauh, R. David; Bertone, Jane F.; Wang, Fei] EIC Labs Inc, Norwood, MA 02062 USA. [Wiers, Brian M.; Gao, De; Stefanik, Todd S.] Nanocerox Inc, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Mott, Andrew G.; Mackie, David M.] USA, Res Lab, Attn AMSRD ARL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Clements, AF (reprint author), USA, RDECOM TARDEC, MS 263,6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM Andy.Clements@us.army.mil; Joy.Haley@wpafb.af.mil NR 92 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD JUN 11 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 23 BP 6437 EP 6445 DI 10.1021/jp8102518 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 454JV UT WOS:000266679100005 PM 19441808 ER PT J AU Sidles, JA Garbini, JL Harrell, LE Hero, AO Jacky, JP Malcomb, JR Norman, AG Williamson, AM AF Sidles, John A. Garbini, Joseph L. Harrell, Lee E. Hero, Alfred O. Jacky, Jonathan P. Malcomb, Joseph R. Norman, Anthony G. Williamson, Austin M. TI Practical recipes for the model order reduction, dynamical simulation and compressive sampling of large-scale open quantum systems SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID ROBUST UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLES; RESONANCE FORCE MICROSCOPY; BLUE-GENE/L SYSTEM; STATISTICAL ESTIMATION; DANTZIG SELECTOR; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; LINEAR-AMPLIFIERS; FIBEROPTIC INTERFEROMETER; RANDOM PROJECTIONS AB Practical recipes are presented for simulating high-temperature and nonequilibrium quantum spin systems that are continuously measured and controlled. The notion of a spin system is broadly conceived, in order to encompass macroscopic test masses as the limiting case of large-j spins. The simulation technique has three stages: first the deliberate introduction of noise into the simulation, then the conversion of that noise into an equivalent continuous measurement and control process, and finally, projection of the trajectory onto state-space manifolds having reduced dimensionality and possessing a Kahler potential of multilinear algebraic form. These state-spaces can be regarded as ruled algebraic varieties upon which a projective quantum model order reduction (MOR) is performed. The Riemannian sectional curvature of ruled Kahlerian varieties is analyzed, and proved to be non-positive upon all sections that contain a rule. These manifolds are shown to contain Slater determinants as a special case and their identity with Grassmannian varieties is demonstrated. The resulting simulation formalism is used to construct a positive P-representation for the thermal density matrix. Single-spin detection by magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) is simulated, and the data statistics are shown to be those of a random telegraph signal with additive white noise. Larger-scale spin-dust models are simulated, having no spatial symmetry and no spatial ordering; the high-fidelity projection of numerically computed quantum trajectories onto low dimensionality Kahler state-space manifolds is demonstrated. The reconstruction of quantum trajectories from sparse random projections is demonstrated, the onset of Donoho-Stodden breakdown at the Candes-Tao sparsity limit is observed, a deterministic construction for sampling matrices is given and methods for quantum state optimization by Dantzig selection are given. C1 [Sidles, John A.; Jacky, Jonathan P.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed & Sports Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Garbini, Joseph L.; Malcomb, Joseph R.; Williamson, Austin M.] Univ Washington, Dept Mech Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Harrell, Lee E.] US Mil Acad, Dept Phys, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hero, Alfred O.] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Norman, Anthony G.] Univ Washington, Dept Bioengn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Sidles, JA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed & Sports Med, Box 356500, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM sidles@u.washington.edu FU Army Research Office (ARO) MURI [W911NF-05-1-0403]; National Institutes of Health NIH/NIBIB [EB02018]; ARO [DAAD19-02-1-0344]; IBM [A0550287]; DARPA [W911NF-04-C-0052]; NSF/ENG/ECS [0097544] FX Author J A Sidles gratefully acknowledges the insights gained from discussions with Al Matsen-to whom this paper is dedicated-upon ab initio quantum chemistry, with Rick Matsen upon opportunities in regenerative medicine, and with Erick Matsen on the challenges of large-scale informatic biology. Joshua Kantor provided the mathematical insight that Slater determinants are Grassmannian varieties. This work was supported by the Army Research Office (ARO) MURI program under contract no. W911NF-05-1-0403, and by the National Institutes of Health NIH/NIBIB under grant no. EB02018. Prior support was provided by the ARO under contact no. DAAD19-02-1-0344, by IBM under subcontract no. A0550287 through ARO contract no. W911NF-04-C-0052 from DARPA, and by the NSF/ENG/ECS under grant no. 0097544. NR 210 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD JUN 11 PY 2009 VL 11 AR 065002 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/11/6/065002 PG 96 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 459BY UT WOS:000267076100001 ER PT J AU Dhawan, A Norton, SJ Gerhold, MD Vo-Dinh, T AF Dhawan, Anuj Norton, Stephen J. Gerhold, Michael D. Vo-Dinh, Tuan TI Comparison of FDTD numerical computations and analytical multipole expansion method for plasmonics-active nanosphere dimers SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; DIFFERENCE TIME-DOMAIN; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; SILVER ELECTRODE; LINEAR-CHAINS; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; SERS AB This paper describes a comparative study of finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and analytical evaluations of electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of dimers of metallic nanospheres of plasmonics-active metals. The results of these two computational methods, to determine electromagnetic field enhancement in the region often referred to as "hot spots" between the two nanospheres forming the dimer, were compared and a strong correlation observed for gold dimers. The analytical evaluation involved the use of the spherical-harmonic addition theorem to relate the multipole expansion coefficients between the two nanospheres. In these evaluations, the spacing between two nanospheres forming the dimer was varied to obtain the effect of nanoparticle spacing on the electromagnetic fields in the regions between the nanostructures. Gold and silver were the metals investigated in our work as they exhibit substantial plasmon resonance properties in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral regimes. The results indicate excellent correlation between the two computational methods, especially for gold nanosphere dimers with only a 5-10% difference between the two methods. The effect of varying the diameters of the nanospheres forming the dimer, on the electromagnetic field enhancement, was also studied. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Dhawan, Anuj; Norton, Stephen J.; Gerhold, Michael D.; Vo-Dinh, Tuan] Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Dhawan, Anuj; Gerhold, Michael D.] USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Vo-Dinh, Tuan] Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Dhawan, Anuj; Norton, Stephen J.; Gerhold, Michael D.; Vo-Dinh, Tuan] Duke Univ, Fitzpatrick Inst Photon, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Vo-Dinh, T (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM tuan.vodinh@duke.edu FU U. S. Army Research Office [W911NF-04-D0001- 0008]; National Institutes of Health [R01 EB006201] FX This work was sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Office (Grant No. W911NF-04-D0001- 0008) and the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. R01 EB006201). NR 46 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 41 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JUN 8 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 12 BP 9688 EP 9703 DI 10.1364/OE.17.009688 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA 457DN UT WOS:000266906400024 PM 19506618 ER PT J AU Ivanic, J Yu, XP Wallqvist, A Reifman, J AF Ivanic, Joseph Yu, Xueping Wallqvist, Anders Reifman, Jaques TI Influence of Protein Abundance on High-Throughput Protein-Protein Interaction Detection SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Experimental protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks are increasingly being exploited in diverse ways for biological discovery. Accordingly, it is vital to discern their underlying natures by identifying and classifying the various types of deterministic (specific) and probabilistic (nonspecific) interactions detected. To this end, we have analyzed PPI networks determined using a range of high-throughput experimental techniques with the aim of systematically quantifying any biases that arise from the varying cellular abundances of the proteins. We confirm that PPI networks determined using affinity purification methods for yeast and Eschericia coli incorporate a correlation between protein degree, or number of interactions, and cellular abundance. The observed correlations are small but statistically significant and occur in both unprocessed (raw) and processed (high-confidence) data sets. In contrast, the yeast two-hybrid system yields networks that contain no such relationship. While previously commented based on mRNA abundance, our more extensive analysis based on protein abundance confirms a systematic difference between PPI networks determined from the two technologies. We additionally demonstrate that the centrality-lethality rule, which implies that higher-degree proteins are more likely to be essential, may be misleading, as protein abundance measurements identify essential proteins to be more prevalent than nonessential proteins. In fact, we generally find that when there is a degree/abundance correlation, the degree distributions of nonessential and essential proteins are also disparate. Conversely, when there is no degree/abundance correlation, the degree distributions of nonessential and essential proteins are not different. However, we show that essentiality manifests itself as a biological property in all of the yeast PPI networks investigated here via enrichments of interactions between essential proteins. These findings provide valuable insights into the underlying natures of the various high-throughput technologies utilized to detect PPIs and should lead to more effective strategies for the inference and analysis of high-quality PPI data sets. RP Ivanic, J (reprint author), USA, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. EM jaques.reifman@us.army.mil OI wallqvist, anders/0000-0002-9775-7469 NR 58 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 5 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 6 AR e5815 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0005815 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 454XL UT WOS:000266717200011 PM 19503833 ER PT J AU Eick, AA Wang, Z Hughes, H Ford, SM Tobler, SK AF Eick, Angelia A. Wang, Zhong Hughes, Hayley Ford, Stephen M. Tobler, Steven K. TI Comparison of the trivalent live attenuated vs. inactivated influenza vaccines among US military service members SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Military; Effectiveness ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RESPIRATORY-DISEASES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; VIRUS-INFECTION; CELL RESPONSES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; BASIC TRAINEES; WORKING ADULTS; NAVY SHIP; VACCINATION AB Limited effectiveness data are available comparing live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) to inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) among adults. To compare the incidence of influenza-like illness following immunization of adults with LAIV vs. TIV, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of active component U.S. military personnel for the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 influenza seasons. Recruits experienced a much higher burden of disease compared to non-recruits, with crude incidence rates of influenza-like illness 2-16 times higher than non-recruits depending on the season and cohort. For both seasons, a slightly greater protection from influenza-like illness was found for non-recruits who received TIV compared to LAIV (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.17 (95% CI, 1.14-1.20) and 1.33 (95% CI, 1.30-1.36), 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 influenza seasons, respectively). However, for Army and Air Force recruits, LAIV was found to provide significantly greater protection from influenza-like illnesses compared to TIV, with adjusted incidence rates of influenza-like illness 22-51% and 18-47% lower among LAIV compared to TIV recipients for the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 influenza seasons, respectively. Possible reasons for differences in recruit and non-recruit findings include differences in pre-existing influenza antibody levels, differing respiratory disease burden, and/or unmeasured confounding. Consideration of these findings should be made when developing influenza immunization policies. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Eick, Angelia A.; Wang, Zhong; Tobler, Steven K.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Medicine, Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Hughes, Hayley; Ford, Stephen M.] Mil Vaccine Agcy, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. RP Eick, AA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Medicine, Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, 2900 Linden Lane,Suite 2000, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM angie.eick@us.army.mil NR 47 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 2 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 27 BP 3568 EP 3575 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.088 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 463VG UT WOS:000267459900010 PM 19464536 ER PT J AU Lavan, M AF Lavan, M. TI High Energy Laser Systems for Short Range Defense SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Euro-Asian Pulsed Power Conf/4th European Pulsed Power Symp/7th Int Symp Pulsed Power and Plasma Applicat/5th Pulsed Power Applicat Symp/IET Pulsed Power Symp CY SEP 22-26, 2008 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA SP Int Soc Pulsed Power Applicat, Semicond Phys Inst Vilnius, German French Res Inst St Louis, Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ AB The advantages of the use of high energy laser systems in a counter rocket, artillery and mortar projectile mission are described. The history of the development of directed energy weapons in the United States Army and the current high energy laser programs and technologies are outlined. The U.S. Army vision for future ground combat relies on high mobility, lightweight systems with improved survivability. Without the protection afforded by heavy armor, other methods for protecting assets and personnel are required. The Army is now developing the technologies for a future mobile solid state laser weapon system to defeat a wide range of air and ground threats, working to get these revolutionary weapons to our soldiers in the near future. C1 USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Forces Strateg Command, Washington, DC USA. RP Lavan, M (reprint author), USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Forces Strateg Command, Washington, DC USA. EM michael.j.lavan@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, PL-02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD JUN PY 2009 VL 115 IS 6 BP 959 EP 963 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 474QK UT WOS:000268298900004 ER PT J AU Macdougall, FW Jow, TR Ennis, JB Yang, XH Yen, SPS Cooper, RA Gilbert, JE Schneider, M Naruo, C Bates, J AF Macdougall, F. W. Jow, T. R. Ennis, J. B. Yang, X. H. Yen, S. P. S. Cooper, R. A. Gilbert, J. E. Schneider, M. Naruo, C. Bates, J. TI Pulsed Power and Power Conditioning Capacitors SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Euro-Asian Pulsed Power Conf/4th European Pulsed Power Symp/7th Int Symp Pulsed Power and Plasma Applicat/5th Pulsed Power Applicat Symp/IET Pulsed Power Symp CY SEP 22-26, 2008 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA SP Int Soc Pulsed Power Applicat, Semicond Phys Inst Vilnius, German French Res Inst St Louis, Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ AB A capacitor development effort focused on capacitors used in pulsed power and power conversion applications underwent at General Atomics Electronic Systems Inc. (CA-ESI) for decades. In recent years, funding for these efforts has accelerated the rate of development progress to the point where the time it takes to decrease the size of a capacitor by half has dropped from 10 years to 4 years. This progress made in pulsed power and power conversion capacitors will be described along with the performance characteristics of today's capacitors. C1 [Macdougall, F. W.; Ennis, J. B.; Yang, X. H.; Cooper, R. A.; Gilbert, J. E.; Schneider, M.; Naruo, C.; Bates, J.] Gen Atom Elect Syst Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Jow, T. R.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Yen, S. P. S.] NASA Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Macdougall, FW (reprint author), Gen Atom Elect Syst Inc, San Diego, CA USA. EM fred.macdougall@ga-esi.com NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, PL-02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD JUN PY 2009 VL 115 IS 6 BP 989 EP 991 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 474QK UT WOS:000268298900014 ER PT J AU Kolosenok, SV Altgilbers, LL AF Kolosenok, S. V. Altgilbers, L. L. TI Study of Candidate Insulating Materials for Use in Shock Wave Switches SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Euro-Asian Pulsed Power Conf/4th European Pulsed Power Symp/7th Int Symp Pulsed Power and Plasma Applicat/5th Pulsed Power Applicat Symp/IET Pulsed Power Symp CY SEP 22-26, 2008 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA SP Int Soc Pulsed Power Applicat, Semicond Phys Inst Vilnius, German French Res Inst St Louis, Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ AB One challenge in high power switching is to have a compact switch, which can hold off high voltages and close rapidly at the proper time. Most high power switches are large or complicated, such as triggered spark gaps. Typical opening switches are also not compact and often have too long switching time. It has been shown previously that certain insulating materials undergo a drastic change in conductivity under shock loading. Using such a material could greatly reduce the size of a switch. We will report on our continuing studies of different candidate materials for shock wave switches. C1 [Kolosenok, S. V.] Sankt Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. [Altgilbers, L. L.] USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Adv Technol Directorate, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Kolosenok, SV (reprint author), Sankt Petersburg State Univ, 1 Ulyanovskaya Str, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. EM kolosenok@gmail.com NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, PL-02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD JUN PY 2009 VL 115 IS 6 BP 1010 EP 1012 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 474QK UT WOS:000268298900021 ER PT J AU Talantsev, EF Shkuratov, SI Baird, J Altgilbers, LL AF Talantsev, E. F. Shkuratov, S. I. Baird, J. Altgilbers, L. L. TI Analytical Model for Explosive-Driven Ultracompact Shock-Wave Ferromagnetic Generators SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Euro-Asian Pulsed Power Conf/4th European Pulsed Power Symp/7th Int Symp Pulsed Power and Plasma Applicat/5th Pulsed Power Applicat Symp/IET Pulsed Power Symp CY SEP 22-26, 2008 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA SP Int Soc Pulsed Power Applicat, Semicond Phys Inst Vilnius, German French Res Inst St Louis, Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ ID PRIMARY POWER; HARD FERROMAGNETICS; DEMAGNETIZATION AB An analytical model of the operation of recently invented ultracompact explosive-driven shock-wave ferromagnetic generators that utilize longitudinal (shock wave propagates along the magnetization vector) and transverse (shock wave propagates across the magnetization vector) shock wave demagnetization of Nd(2)Fe(14)B hard ferromagnets, and an analytical technique for calculation of amplitudes of the current pulse produced by the generators were developed. The model utilizes the magnitude of the energy product, (BH)(max), and the magnetostatic energy of the hard ferromagnetic element of the ferromagnetic generator as parameters for determining ferromagnetic generator pulse generation, and it does not consider the magnitude of remnant magnetization, B(r), of the ferromagnetic material. The developed technique for calculation of the current pulse amplitude produced by the ferromagnetic generator provides comprehensive and accurate results. Amplitudes of calculated ferromagnetic generator output currents are in good agreement with experimentally obtained data. C1 [Shkuratov, S. I.; Baird, J.] Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 64509 USA. [Talantsev, E. F.] Pulsed Power LLC, Lubbock, TX 79416 USA. [Altgilbers, L. L.] USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Army Strateg Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Shkuratov, SI (reprint author), Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 64509 USA. EM shkuratov@lokiconsult.com OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, PL-02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD JUN PY 2009 VL 115 IS 6 BP 1028 EP 1030 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 474QK UT WOS:000268298900027 ER PT J AU Altgilbers, LL AF Altgilbers, L. L. TI Explosive Pulsed Power: An Enabling Technology SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Euro-Asian Pulsed Power Conf/4th European Pulsed Power Symp/7th Int Symp Pulsed Power and Plasma Applicat/5th Pulsed Power Applicat Symp/IET Pulsed Power Symp CY SEP 22-26, 2008 CL Vilnius, LITHUANIA SP Int Soc Pulsed Power Applicat, Semicond Phys Inst Vilnius, German French Res Inst St Louis, Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ AB Explosive pulsed power consists of those devices that convert the chemical energy in explosives into electrical energy. In 2004, a series of programs were initiated to develop several types of very compact explosive pulsed power generators. Based on these recent efforts, we now have a better understanding of the weaknesses and strengths of these small generators. As a result, we can now build reliable generators that provide consistent output currents and voltages. In this paper, a brief introduction to these generators will be given along some of the most recent advances in our understanding of them. A description of an explosive driven high power microwave test bed being built at Texas Tech will be presented. This test bed can be used to test the effects of electromagnetic radiation on electronics. A brief description of some applications of explosive pulsed power will also be presented. C1 USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Army Strateg Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Altgilbers, LL (reprint author), USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Army Strateg Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. EM larry.altgilbers@smdc.army.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, PL-02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD JUN PY 2009 VL 115 IS 6 BP 1040 EP 1043 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 474QK UT WOS:000268298900031 ER PT J AU Urrea, E Sahin, CS Hokelek, I Uyar, MU Conner, M Bertoli, G Pizzo, C AF Urrea, Elkin Sahin, C. Safak Hoekelek, Ibrahim Uyar, M. Uemit Conner, Michael Bertoli, Giorgio Pizzo, Christian TI Bio-inspired topology control for knowledge sharing mobile agents SO AD HOC NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE MANET; Mobile agents; Genetic algorithms; Random walk mobility AB We present different approaches for knowledge sharing bio-inspired mobile agents to obtain a uniform distribution of the nodes over a geographical terrain. In this application, the knowledge sharing agents in a mobile ad hoc network adjust their speed and directions based on genetic algorithms (GAs), With an analytical model, we show that the best fitness value is obtained when the number of neighbors for a mobile agent is equal to the mean node degree. The genetic information that each mobile agent exchanges with other neighboring agents within its communication range includes the node's location, speed, and movement direction. We have implemented a simulation software to stud the effectiveness of different GA-based algorithms for network performance metrics including node densities, speed, and number of generations that a CA runs. Compared to random-walk and Hill Climbing approaches, all CA-based cases show encouraging results by converging towards a uniform node distribution. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hoekelek, Ibrahim] Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res Area, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Bertoli, Giorgio; Pizzo, Christian] USA, Commun Elect RD&E Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. EM uyar@ccny.cuny.edu FU US Army Communications-Electronics RDE Center FX This work has been supported by US Army Communications-Electronics RD&E Center. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-8705 J9 AD HOC NETW JI Ad Hoc Netw. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 677 EP 689 DI 10.1016/j.adhoc.2008.03.005 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 408CR UT WOS:000263411700004 ER PT J AU Pappas, V Verma, D Ko, BJ Swami, A AF Pappas, Vasileios Verma, Dinesh Ko, Bong-Jun Swami, Ananthram TI A circulatory system approach for wireless sensor networks SO AD HOC NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Circulatory system; Sensor network; Network construction; Distributed algorithm AB One of the challenges in a military wireless sensor network is the determination of an information collection infrastructure which minimizes battery power consumption. The problem of determining the right information collection infrastructure can be viewed as a variation of the network design problem, with the additional constraints related to battery power minimization and redundancy. The problem in its generality is NP-hard and various heuristics have been developed over time to address various issues associated with it. In this paper, we propose a heuristic based on the mammalian circulatory system, which results in a better solution to the design problem than the state of the art alternatives. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pappas, Vasileios; Verma, Dinesh; Ko, Bong-Jun] IBM Res Corp, TJ Watson, Hawthorne, NY 10532 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ko, BJ (reprint author), IBM Res Corp, TJ Watson, 19 Skyline Dr, Hawthorne, NY 10532 USA. EM vpappas@us.ibm.com; dverma@us.ibm.com; bongjun_ko@us.ibm.com; aswami@arl.army.mil FU US Army Research Laboratory; UK Ministry of Defence [W911NF-06-3-0001] FX Research was sponsored by US Army Research Laboratory and the UK Ministry of Defence and was accomplished under Agreement Number W911NF-06-3-0001. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US Army Research Laboratory, the US Government, the UK Ministry of Defense, or the UK Government. The US and UK Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-8705 EI 1570-8713 J9 AD HOC NETW JI Ad Hoc Netw. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 SI SI BP 706 EP 724 DI 10.1016/j.adhoc.2008.04.009 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 408CR UT WOS:000263411700006 ER PT J AU Cupul-Uicab, LA Hernandez-Avila, M Longnecker, MP AF Cupul-Uicab, L. A. Hernandez-Avila, M. Longnecker, M. P. TI PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO THE MAJOR DDT METABOLITE 1,1-DICHLORO-2,2-BIS(P-CHLOROPHENYL)ETHYLENE (DDE) AND LONGITUDINAL GROWTH IN BOYS FROM MEXICO SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2009 CL Anaheim, CA SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Cupul-Uicab, L. A.; Hernandez-Avila, M.; Longnecker, M. P.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS,USA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 169 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 456SK UT WOS:000266868300175 ER PT J AU Herrell, R Bliese, PD Hoge, CW AF Herrell, R. Bliese, P. D. Hoge, C. W. TI POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER CHECKLIST SCORES AND ROLE IMPAIRMENT IN AN ARMY SAMPLE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 23-26, 2009 CL Anaheim, CA SP Soc Epidemiol Res C1 [Herrell, R.; Bliese, P. D.; Hoge, C. W.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 169 BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 456SK UT WOS:000266868300267 ER PT J AU Wong, RKH Altekruse, SF AF Wong, Roy K. H. Altekruse, Sean F. TI Where Are You and How Do We Find You? The Dilemma of Identifying Barrett's Epithelium Before Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX DISEASE; SPECIALIZED INTESTINAL METAPLASIA; ESOPHAGOGASTRIC JUNCTION; CLINICAL-DATA; LYMPH-NODES; CANCER; DYSPLASIA; OBESITY; RISK; MANIFESTATION AB The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in white males has been increasing steadily over the past decade. However, attempts to identify the precursor lesion, intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus, or early in-situ cancers have been dismal, with no increase in the diagnosis of early cancers over 9 years of follow-up, as noted in the study by Cooper et al. Important predictors of such as a previous diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease, endoscopy, and the diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia, continue to represent a minority of patients who present with esophageal adenocarcinoma. A discussion on the possible pathophysiology, and reasons for the poor diagnostic yields in spite of performing more endoscopies, are presented. It may be that most patients are relatively asymptomatic, or have very distal, endoscopically imperceptible intestinal metaplasia. Over time, that encourage localized, distal esophageal reflux may be the insidious culprit that leads to intestinal metaplasia. C1 [Wong, Roy K. H.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Altekruse, Sean F.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Canc Stat Branch, Rockville, MD USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM roy.wong@amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 104 IS 6 BP 1363 EP 1365 DI 10.1038/ajg.2009.167 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 457DR UT WOS:000266906900011 PM 19436281 ER PT J AU Greenburg, DL Lettieri, CJ Eliasson, AH AF Greenburg, David L. Lettieri, Christopher J. Eliasson, Arn H. TI Effects of Surgical Weight Loss on Measures of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Bariatric surgery; Meta-analysis; Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea ID MORBIDLY OBESE-PATIENTS; BARIATRIC SURGERY; BREATHING DISORDERS; PRACTICE PARAMETERS; REDUCTION SURGERY; CLINICAL-RESEARCH; GASTRIC BYPASS; FOLLOW-UP; MORTALITY; HEALTH AB OBJECTIVE: Limited evidence suggests bariatric surgery can result in high cure rates for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the morbidly obese. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the effects of surgical weight loss on the apnea-hypopnea index. METHODS: Relevant studies were identified by computerized searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE ( from inception to March 17, 2008), and review of bibliographies of selected articles. Included studies reported results of polysomnographies performed before and at least 3 months after bariatric surgery. Data abstracted from each article included patient characteristics, sample size who underwent both preoperative and postoperative polysomnograms, types of bariatric surgery performed, results of preoperative and postoperative measures of OSA and body mass index, publication year, country of origin, trial perspective (prospective vs retrospective), and study quality. RESULTS: Twelve studies representing 342 patients were identified. The pooled mean body mass index was reduced by 17.9 kg/m(2) (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.5-19.3) from 55.3 kg/m(2) (95% CI, 53.5-57.1) to 37.7 kg/m(2) (95% CI, 36.6-38.9). The random-effects pooled baseline apnea hypopnea index of 54.7 events/hour (95% CI, 49.0-60.3) was reduced by 38.2 events/hour ( 95% CI, 31.9-44.4) to a final value of 15.8 events/hour (95% CI, 12.6-19.0). CONCLUSION: Bariatric surgery significantly reduces the apnea hypopnea index. However, the mean apnea hypopnea index after surgical weight loss was consistent with moderately severe OSA. Our data suggest that patients undergoing bariatric surgery should not expect a cure of OSA after surgical weight loss. These patients will likely need continued treatment for OSA to minimize its complications. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc. . The American Journal of Medicine (2009) 122, 535-542 C1 [Greenburg, David L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Greenburg, David L.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC USA. [Lettieri, Christopher J.; Eliasson, Arn H.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm & Sleep Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Greenburg, DL (reprint author), 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20317 USA. EM Davegreenburg1977@yahoo.com NR 39 TC 115 Z9 119 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 122 IS 6 BP 535 EP 542 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.10.037 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 451XG UT WOS:000266503600011 PM 19486716 ER PT J AU Havrilesky, LJ Maxwell, GL Myers, ER AF Havrilesky, Laura J. Maxwell, G. Larry Myers, Evan R. TI Cost-effectiveness analysis of annual screening strategies for endometrial cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cost-effectiveness; endometrial cancer; serum screening ID BREAST-CANCER; RISK; TAMOXIFEN; WOMEN; THICKNESS; MORTALITY; OBESITY; BIOPSY; ADULTS; STATES AB OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of annual screening tests for endometrial cancer. STUDY DESIGN: Markov state transition model of the natural history of endometrial cancer used as the design for the study. Incidence was modeled for the general population and high risk groups (obese, body mass index [BMI] of > 30 kg/m(2); tamoxifen users). Strategies evaluated were no screening, annual endometrial biopsy, annual endovaginal ultrasound, and annual serum screening. Serum screening was based on a recently described biomarker panel (sensitivity of 0.98, specificity of 0.98). RESULTS: In the general population model, no screening was least expensive, whereas annual serum screening age at 50-75 years had incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $60,363 per year of life saved (YLS) compared with no screening. In a high-risk population (obesity, BMI of >= 30 kg/m(2)), annual serum screening at age 45-80 years had ICER of $41,226 per YLS compared with no screening. Annual endometrial biopsy and annual transvaginal ultrasound were dominated. CONCLUSION: Annual serum screening for endometrial cancer has the potential to be cost effective when applied to high-risk populations. C1 [Havrilesky, Laura J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Myers, Evan R.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Clin & Epidemiol Res, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Myers, Evan R.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Maxwell, G. Larry] NCI, Lab Biosyst & Canc, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Maxwell, G. Larry] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Maxwell, G. Larry] US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Havrilesky, LJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Box 3079, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM havri001@mc.duke.edu FU American Board of Obstetrics; Gynecology/American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Foundation FX Supported by a Grant from the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology/American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Foundation. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 200 IS 6 AR 640.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.02.022 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 451XX UT WOS:000266505300017 PM 19380121 ER PT J AU Chotivanich, K Sattabongkot, J Choi, YK Park, JS Sritabal, J Lim, CS Udomsangpetch, R White, NJ Lee, WJ AF Chotivanich, Kesinee Sattabongkot, Jetsumon Choi, Yien Kyong Park, Jae Sun Sritabal, Juntima Lim, Chae Seung Udomsangpetch, Rachanee White, Nicholas J. Lee, Won Ja TI Antimalarial Drug Susceptibility of Plasmodium vivax in the Republic of Korea SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; MALARIA; CHLOROQUINE; RESISTANT; FALCIPARUM; EFFICACY; AMODIAQUINE; PREGNANCY; FAILURE AB The antimalarial susceptibility of ring stage (> 80%) Plasmodium vivax from the Republic of Korea, where long incubation-period strains are prevalent, was evaluated using the schizont maturation inhibition technique. During 2005-2007, susceptibility to seven antimalarial drugs was evaluated with 24 fresh isolates. The geometric mean (95% confidence interval) 50% inhibition concentration (IC(50)) were quinine 60 (54-75) ng/mL, chloroquine 39 (22-282) ng/mL, piperaquine 27 (17-58) ng/mL, mefloquine 39 (35-67) ng/mL. pyrimethamine 138 (89-280) ng/mL, artesunate 0.6 (0.5-0.8) ng/mL, and primaquine 122 (98-232) ng/mL. Positive correlations were found between quinine and mefloquine (r = 0.6 P = 0.004), piperaquine and chloroquine (r = 0.6 P = 0.008), and piperaquine and primaquine IC(50) values (r = 0.5, P = 0.01). Compared with P vivax in Thailand, P. vivax in the Republic of Korea was more sensitive to quinine and mefloquine, but equally sensitive to chloroquine and artesunate. C1 [Chotivanich, Kesinee; Choi, Yien Kyong; Park, Jae Sun; Sritabal, Juntima; White, Nicholas J.; Lee, Won Ja] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Sattabongkot, Jetsumon] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Choi, Yien Kyong; Park, Jae Sun; Udomsangpetch, Rachanee; Lee, Won Ja] Mahidol Univ, Dept Pathobiol, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Choi, Yien Kyong; Park, Jae Sun; Lee, Won Ja] Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Entomol, Seoul 122701, South Korea. [Lim, Chae Seung] Korea Univ, Dept Lab Med, Coll Med, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Churchill Hosp, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Oxford OX3 7LJ, England. RP White, NJ (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM nickw@tropmedres.ac RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012 FU World Health Organization [M50/370/31]; Wellcome Trust of Great Britain to the Wellcome Trust Mahidol University-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme; U.S. Military Infectious Diseases Research Program to The Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science. FX This work was supported by grants from the World Health Organization (M50/370/31) and the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain to the Wellcome Trust Mahidol University-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme and from the U.S. Military Infectious Diseases Research Program to The Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 BP 902 EP 904 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 453XI UT WOS:000266645800006 PM 19478246 ER PT J AU Laramee, JA Durst, HD Nilles, JM Connell, TR AF Laramee, James A. Durst, H. Dupont Nilles, J. Michael Connell, Theresa R. TI An Improved Protocol for the Analysis of Alcohols by Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry SO AMERICAN LABORATORY LA English DT Article AB As a compound class, alcohols are not generally amenable to atmospheric pressure ionization techniques, such as Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART (TM)), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), electrospray ionization (ESI), and desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). Conversion of the alcohol into its corresponding carbamate produces an analyte possessing high proton affinity that is ideally suited for DART analysis. The best reagents, according to the authors, are 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl isocyanate and 4-nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl isocyanate These reagents react almost instantaneously with alcohols to form product crystals as soon as the reagents are combined. By way of contrast with a previous report by the authors, phenyl isocyanate required a few hours to react, depending on the alcohol. C1 [Laramee, James A.] EAI Corp, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. [Durst, H. Dupont] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Chem Methodol Team, Edgewood, MD USA. [Nilles, J. Michael; Connell, Theresa R.] Sci & Engn Technol Inc, Springfield, VA USA. RP Laramee, JA (reprint author), EAI Corp, POB 68, Edgewood, MD 21010 USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU INT SCIENTIFIC COMMUN INC PI SHELTON PA PO BOX 870, 30 CONTROLS DRIVE, SHELTON, CT 06484-0870 USA SN 0044-7749 J9 AM LAB JI Am. Lab. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 7 BP 25 EP + PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 641JJ UT WOS:000281121100006 ER PT J AU Co, EMA Dennull, RA Reinbold, DD Waters, NC Johnson, JD AF Co, Edgie-Mark A. Dennull, Richard A. Reinbold, Drew D. Waters, Norman C. Johnson, Jacob D. TI Assessment of Malaria In Vitro Drug Combination Screening and Mixed-Strain Infections Using the Malaria Sybr Green I-Based Fluorescence Assay SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MECHANISMS; AZITHROMYCIN; POPULATION; THAILAND; EFFICACY; PARASITE AB Several drug development strategies, including optimization of new antimalarial drug combinations, have been used to counter malaria drug resistance. We evaluated the malaria Sybr green I-based fluorescence (MSF) assay for its use in in vitro drug combination sensitivity assays. Drug combinations of previously published synergistic (atovaquone and proguanil), indifferent (chloroquine and azithromycin), and antagonistic (chloroquine and atovaquone) antimalarial drug interactions were tested against Plasmodium falciparum strains D6 and W2 using the MSF assay. Fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) were calculated for individual drugs and in fixed ratio combinations relative to their individual IC(50)s. Subsequent isobologram analysis and fractional inhibitory concentration determinations demonstrated the expected drug interaction pattern for each combination tested. Furthermore, we explored the ability of the MSF assay to examine mixed parasite population dynamics, which are commonly seen in malaria patient isolates. Specifically, the capacity of the MSF assay to discern between single and mixed parasite populations was determined. To simulate mixed infections in vitro, fixed ratios of D6 and W2 strains were cocultured with antimalarial drugs and IC(50)s were determined using the MSF assay. Dichotomous concentration curves indicated that the sensitive and resistant parasites composing the genetically heterogeneous population were detectable. Biphasic analysis was performed to obtain subpopulation IC(50)s for comparison to those obtained for the individual malaria strains alone. In conclusion, the MSF assay allows for reliable antimalarial drug combination screening and provides an important method to discern between homogenous and heterogeneous parasite populations. C1 [Co, Edgie-Mark A.; Dennull, Richard A.; Reinbold, Drew D.; Waters, Norman C.; Johnson, Jacob D.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Johnson, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jacob.d.johnson@us.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 42 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 53 IS 6 BP 2557 EP 2563 DI 10.1128/AAC.01370-08 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 448DY UT WOS:000266244500045 PM 19349518 ER PT J AU Huggins, J Goff, A Hensley, L Mucker, E Shamblin, J Wlazlowski, C Johnson, W Chapman, J Larsen, T Twenhafel, N Karem, K Damon, IK Byrd, CM Bolken, TC Jordan, R Hruby, D AF Huggins, John Goff, Arthur Hensley, Lisa Mucker, Eric Shamblin, Josh Wlazlowski, Carly Johnson, Wendy Chapman, Jennifer Larsen, Tom Twenhafel, Nancy Karem, Kevin Damon, Inger K. Byrd, Chelsea M. Bolken, Tove' C. Jordan, Robert Hruby, Dennis TI Nonhuman Primates Are Protected from Smallpox Virus or Monkeypox Virus Challenges by the Antiviral Drug ST-246 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIPOXVIRUS COMPOUND ST-246; INFECTION; EFFICACY; DISEASE; COMBINATION; INHIBITOR; OUTBREAK; VACCINE; CONGO; MODEL AB ST-246, a potent orthopoxvirus egress inhibitor, is safe and effective at preventing disease and death in studies of small-animal models involving challenge by several different pathogenic poxviruses. In this report, the antiviral efficacy of ST-246 in treatment of nonhuman primates infected with variola virus or monkeypox virus was assessed. The data indicate that oral dosing once per day with ST-246 protects animals from poxvirus disease, as measured by reductions in viral load and numbers of lesions and enhancement of survival. C1 [Huggins, John; Goff, Arthur; Hensley, Lisa; Mucker, Eric; Shamblin, Josh; Wlazlowski, Carly; Johnson, Wendy; Chapman, Jennifer; Larsen, Tom; Twenhafel, Nancy] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. [Karem, Kevin; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Byrd, Chelsea M.; Bolken, Tove' C.; Jordan, Robert; Hruby, Dennis] SIGA Technol, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Hruby, D (reprint author), SIGA Technol Inc, 4575 SW Res Way, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM dhruby@siga.com NR 23 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 53 IS 6 BP 2620 EP 2625 DI 10.1128/AAC.00021-09 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 448DY UT WOS:000266244500055 PM 19349521 ER PT J AU Akers, KS Mende, K Yun, HC Hospenthal, DR Beckius, ML Yu, X Murray, CK AF Akers, Kevin S. Mende, Katrin Yun, Heather C. Hospenthal, Duane R. Beckius, Miriam L. Yu, Xin Murray, Clinton K. TI Tetracycline Susceptibility Testing and Resistance Genes in Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii-Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Complex from a US Military Hospital SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; FARMS; SPP. AB Infections with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-Acinetobacter calcoaceticus complex bacteria complicate the care of U. S. military personnel and civilians worldwide. One hundred thirty-three isolates from 89 patients at our facility during 2006 and 2007 were tested by disk diffusion, Etest, and broth microdilution for susceptibility to tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, and tigecycline. Minocycline was the most active in vitro, with 90% of the isolates tested susceptible. Susceptibilities varied significantly with the testing method. The acquired tetracycline resistance genes tetA, tetB, and tetA( 39) were present in the isolates. C1 [Murray, Clinton K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Yun, Heather C.; Hospenthal, Duane R.; Murray, Clinton K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Mende, Katrin] Infect Dis Clin Res Program, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 53 IS 6 BP 2693 EP 2695 DI 10.1128/AAC.01405-08 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 448DY UT WOS:000266244500076 PM 19307365 ER PT J AU Tunick, A Swearingen, ME AF Tunick, Arnold Swearingen, Michelle E. TI Numerical model to calculate microphysical influences on sound wave propagation in forests SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE Micrometeorology; Computer model; Noise mitigation; Short-range acoustic propagation; Transmission loss ID PINE FOREST; ATTENUATION; TREES AB There is a growing need for increasingly accurate and reliable numerical models to predict micrometeorological and turbulence conditions in complex sound wave propagation environments. In this paper, a prototype finite-difference computer model is developed to calculate the microphysical influences on sound speed in forested areas. Several numerical tests are conducted to assess model code capabilities using micrometeorological field data collected in June 2006. For the current analysis, the model domain and total number of grid points are greatly increased from earlier reported versions and the finite-difference numerical schemes for advection are modified to permit different inflow and outflow boundaries. Preliminary results for three cases are encouraging. Micrometeorological profiles and calculated fields of sound speed are presented. Some initial approximations of short-range acoustic transmission loss for the experimental test site are also discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tunick, Arnold] US Army Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Swearingen, Michelle E.] US Army Corps Engn, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Tunick, A (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM atunick@arl.army.mil; michelle.e.swearingen@usa-ce.army.mil FU Ronald Meyers and Keith Deacon of the Army Research Laboratory (ARL); ERDC; ARL FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Ronald Meyers and Keith Deacon of the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) for providing many helpful discussions on numerical methods and computational stability analysis for finite-difference computer models. The authors also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Partial funding for this study was provided by ERDC and ARL. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 70 IS 6 BP 857 EP 867 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2008.10.006 PG 11 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 429CL UT WOS:000264898300008 ER PT J AU Rastogi, VK Wallace, L Smith, LS Ryan, SP Martin, B AF Rastogi, Vipin K. Wallace, Lalena Smith, Lisa S. Ryan, Shawn P. Martin, Blair TI Quantitative Method To Determine Sporicidal Decontamination of Building Surfaces by Gaseous Fumigants, and Issues Related to Laboratory-Scale Studies SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; SPORES; DISINFECTANTS AB Chlorine dioxide gas and vaporous hydrogen peroxide sterilant have been used in the cleanup of building interiors contaminated with spores of Bacillus anthracis. A systematic study, in collaboration with the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, was jointly undertaken by the U. S. Army-Edgewood Chemical Biological Center to determine the sporicidal efficacies of these two fumigants on six building structural materials: carpet, ceiling tile, unpainted cinder block, painted I-beam steel, painted wallboard, and unpainted pinewood. Critical issues related to high-throughput sample processing and spore recovery from porous and nonporous surfaces included (i) the extraction of spores from complex building materials, (ii) the effects of titer challenge levels on fumigant efficacy, and (iii) the impact of bioburden inclusion on spore recovery from surfaces and spore inactivation. Small pieces (1.3 by 1.3 cm of carpet, ceiling tile, wallboard, I-beam steel, and pinewood and 2.5 by 1.3 cm for cinder block) of the materials were inoculated with an aliquot of 50 mu l containing the target number (1 x 10(6), 1 x 10(7), or 1 x 10(8)) of avirulent spores of B. anthracis NNR1 Delta 1. The aliquot was dried overnight in a biosafety cabinet, and the spores were extracted by a combination of a 10-min sonication and a 2-min vortexing using 0.5% buffered peptone water as the recovery medium. No statistically significant drop in the kill efficacies of the fumigants was observed when the spore challenge level was increased from 6 log units to 8 log units, even though a general trend toward inhibition of fumigant efficacy was evident. The organic burden (0 to 5%) in the spore inoculum resulted in a statistically significant drop in spore recovery (at the 2 or 5% level). The effect on spore killing was a function of the organic bioburden amount and the material type. In summary, a high-throughput quantitative method was developed for determining the efficacies of fumigants, and the spore recoveries from five porous materials and one nonporous material ranged between 20 and 80%. C1 [Rastogi, Vipin K.; Wallace, Lalena; Smith, Lisa S.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, R&T Directorate, BioDef Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Ryan, Shawn P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Martin, Blair] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rastogi, VK (reprint author), E-3150 Kingscreek St N, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM vipin.rastogi@us.army.mil RI Wallace, Lance/K-7264-2013 FU U. S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development; Department of the Army, ECBC [DW-2193991701] FX This study has been subjected to an administrative review but does not necessarily reflect the views of the U. S. EPA. No official endorsement should be inferred. The U. S. EPA does not endorse the purchase or sale of any commercial products or services. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 11 BP 3688 EP 3694 DI 10.1128/AEM.02592-08 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 449QT UT WOS:000266345800039 PM 19346341 ER PT J AU Harmon, RS Remus, J McMillan, NJ McManus, C Collins, L Gottfried, JL DeLucia, FC Miziolek, AW AF Harmon, Russell S. Remus, Jeremiah McMillan, Nancy J. McManus, Catherine Collins, Leslie Gottfried, Jennifer L., Jr. DeLucia, Frank C. Miziolek, Andrzej W. TI LIBS analysis of geomaterials: Geochemical fingerprinting for the rapid analysis and discrimination of minerals SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Goldschmidt Conference 2006 CY 2006 CL Cologne, GERMANY ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; REAL-TIME; SENSOR TECHNOLOGY; BERYL; SOILS; AIR AB Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a simple atomic emission spectroscopy technique capable of real-time, essentially non-destructive determination of the elemental composition of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas). LIBS, which is presently undergoing rapid research and development as a technology for geochemical analysis, has attractive potential as a field tool for rapid man-portable and/or stand-off chemical analysis. In LIBS, a pulsed laser beam is focused such that energy absorption produces a high-temperature microplasma at the sample surface resulting in the dissociation and ionization of small amounts of material, with both continuum and atomic/ionic emission generated by the plasma during cooling. A broadband spectrometer-detector is used to spectrally and temporally resolve the light from the plasma and record the intensity of elemental emission lines. Because the technique is simultaneously sensitive to all elements, a single laser shot can be used to track the spectral intensity of specific elements or record the broadband LIBS emission spectra, which are unique chemical 'fingerprints' of a material. In this study, a broad spectrum of geological materials was analyzed using a commercial bench-top LIBS system with broadband detection from similar to 200-965 nm, with multiple single-shot spectra acquired. The subsequent use of statistical signal processing approaches to rapidly identify and classify samples highlights the potential of LIBS for 'geochemical fingerprinting' in a variety of geochemical, mineralogical, and environmental applications that would benefit from either real-time or in-field chemical analysis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Harmon, Russell S.] ARL Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Remus, Jeremiah; Collins, Leslie] Duke Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Durham, NC 27703 USA. [McMillan, Nancy J.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [McManus, Catherine] Baylor Univ, Dept Chem, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Gottfried, Jennifer L., Jr.; DeLucia, Frank C.; Miziolek, Andrzej W.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Harmon, RS (reprint author), ARL Army Res Off, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM russell.harmon@us.army.mil RI Gottfried, Jennifer/G-6333-2010; De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 35 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 5 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1125 EP 1141 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.02.009 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 459VV UT WOS:000267141200018 ER PT J AU Quine, ZR McNesby, KL AF Quine, Zachary R. McNesby, Kevin L. TI Acetylene measurement in flames by chirp-based quantum cascade laser spectrometry SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; SPECTRUM; ETHYLENE; SPECTROSCOPY; HITRAN; AIR AB We have designed and characterized a mid-IR spectrometer built around a pulsed distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser using the characteristic frequency down-chirp to scan through the spectral region 6.5 cm(-1) spectral region. The behavior of this chirp is extensively measured. The accuracy and detection limits of the system as an absorption spectrometer are demonstrated first by measuring spectra of acetylene through a single pass 16 cm absorption cell in real time at low concentrations and atmospheric pressure. The smallest detectable peak is measured to be similar to 1.5 x 10(-4) absorbance units, yielding a minimum detectable concentration length product of 2.4 parts per million meter at standard temperature and pressure. This system is then used to detect acetylene within an ethylene-air opposed flow flame. Measurements of acetylene content as a function of height above the fuel source are presented, as well as measurements of acetylene produced in fuel breakdown as a function of preinjection fuel temperature. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Quine, Zachary R.; McNesby, Kevin L.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Quine, ZR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM zachary.r.quine@arl.army.mil FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) FX This work was funded by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 16 BP 3075 EP 3083 DI 10.1364/AO.48.003075 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 460QO UT WOS:000267202400015 PM 19488121 ER PT J AU Lichvar, RW Laursen, GA Seppelt, RD Ochs, WR AF Lichvar, Robert W. Laursen, Gary A. Seppelt, Rodney D. Ochs, Walter R. TI Selecting and Testing Cryptogam Species for Use in Wetland Delineation in Alaska SO ARCTIC LA English DT Article DE Alaska; wetlands; delineation; bryophytes; indicators; mosses; Alaskan wetland supplement; mushrooms; lichens; cryptograms ID WESTERN CANADA; BOREAL FOREST; PHYSICAL GRADIENTS; VEGETATION; DIVERSITY; BRYOPHYTES; FENS; IDENTIFICATION; PERMAFROST; PEATLANDS AB To support the determination of hydrophytic vegetation in wetland delineations in Alaska, USA, a series of tests were conducted to develop a group of "test positive" species to be used in a "cryptogam indicator." In 2004, non-vascular cryptogam species (bryophytes, lichens, and fungi) from Interior and South-Central Alaska in the vicinities of Fairbanks and Anchorage were collected at a series of ten 50 x 50 cm plots along two 30 m transects in each of six upland and five wetland sites. Nineteen moss and liverwort species were selected from 86 species surveyed to test for wetland fidelity. In 2005, a plot-based analysis of frequency and cover data yielded a revised list of 17 bryophyte species that were specific to wetland Communities dominated by black spruce, Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. Fungi and lichens were found to be inadequate wetland indicators in the sampled locations because the lichen species were sparsely distributed and the fungi were too ephemeral. The cryptogam indicator was thus restricted to bryophytes. Also in 2005, bryophytes were analyzed for their presence oil microtopographic positions within the landscape, including tops of hummocks and hollows at the bases of hummocks. Upland bryophyte species were found on hummock tops inside the wetland boundary, but were not abundant in the hollows (p < 0.05). The fidelity of the species selected for use in the cryptogam indicator was tested. It was determined that if more than 50% of all bryophyte cover present in hollows is composed of one or more of the 17 wetland bryophytes tested in 2005, then vascular vegetation can be considered to be hydrophytic (p < 0.001). C1 [Lichvar, Robert W.; Ochs, Walter R.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Laursen, Gary A.] High Latitude Mycol Res Inst, Fairbanks, AK 99712 USA. [Seppelt, Rodney D.] Australian Antarctic Div, Kingston, Tas 7050, Australia. RP Lichvar, RW (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Robert.w.lichvar@usace.army.mil FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers(COE) FX Funding for the study was made possible by the Wetlands Regulatory Assistance Program (WRAP) of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE). We thank Mikhail P. Zhurbenko of the Komorov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, for his effort in identifying lichens in the field and laboratory during the 2004 portion of the study; Mary Plumb-Mentjes and Sheila Newman of the COE for site selections and field assistance during the study; and Dr. Chien-Lu Ping and Dr. Vladimir Romanovsky of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, who shared soil and hydrology data for the Smith Lake site in Fairbanks. We thank Sarah Gaines (COE) for her numerous comments on earlier versions of the manuscript, and the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their critical comments. And finally, we extend our thanks for their input and comments to the Alaskan Vegetation Working Group members who are part of the effort to subregionalize the COE wetland manual for the state, and who helped to develop the idea of using cryptogams for wetland delineation in Alaska. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU ARCTIC INST N AMER PI CALGARY PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER, CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA SN 0004-0843 J9 ARCTIC JI Arctic PD JUN PY 2009 VL 62 IS 2 BP 201 EP 211 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 459TG UT WOS:000267132200007 ER PT J AU Helmbold, A Blevins, J Castillo-Rojas, L Shry, E Rubal, B Slim, A AF Helmbold, A. Blevins, J. Castillo-Rojas, L. Shry, E. Rubal, B. Slim, A. TI THE EFFECTS OF EXTENDED RELEASE NIACIN IN COMBINATION WITH OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID SUPPLEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF ELEVATED LIPOPROTEIN(A) SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Helmbold, A.; Blevins, J.; Castillo-Rojas, L.; Shry, E.; Rubal, B.; Slim, A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1567-5688 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP JI Atheroscler. Suppl. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 10 IS 2 PG 2 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA V17SO UT WOS:000207957101633 ER PT J AU Webb, CM Bass, JM Johnson, DM Kelley, AM Martin, CR Wildzunas, RM AF Webb, Catherine M. Bass, Julie M. Johnson, David M. Kelley, Amanda M. Martin, Christopher R. Wildzunas, Robert M. TI Simulator Sickness in a Helicopter Flight Training School SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pilots; adaptation; Simulator Sickness Questionnaire ID MOTION AB WEBB CM, BASS JM, JOHNSON DM, KELLEY AM, MARTIN CR, WILDZUNAS RM. Simulator sickness in a helicopter flight training school. Aviat Space Environ Med 2009; 80:541-5. Introduction: Simulator sickness (SS) is a common problem during flight training and can affect both instructor pilots (IP) and student pilots (SP). This Study was conducted in response to complaints about a high incidence of SS associated with use of new simulators for rotary-wing aircraft. Methods: The problem was evaluated using the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) to collect data on 73 IP and 129 SP who used the new simulators. Based on analysis of these data, operator comments, and a search of the literature, we recommended limiting simulator flights to 2 h, removing unusual or unnatural maneuvers, turning off the side-screens to reduce the field-of-view, avoiding use of improperly calibrated simulators until repaired, and stressing proper rest and health discipline among the pilots. The success of these measures was evaluated 1 yr later by collecting SSQ data on 25 IP and 50 SP. Results: There was a main effect of time, in that after the recommendations were implemented, there was a significant reduction in nausea, oculomotor, and total SSQ scores from the pre-study to the post-study. There was also a main effect of experience, as IP reported significantly greater SS than SP for the same scores. Discussion: Implementation of the recommendations reduced SS in the new simulators at the cost of limiting session duration and shutting clown some simulator features. Although the optimal solution to the SS problem lies in addressing SS during a simulator's design stage, these recommendations can be used as interim solutions to reduce SS. C1 [Webb, Catherine M.] USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Warfighter Performance & Hlth Div, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Johnson, David M.] USA, Res Inst, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Martin, Christopher R.] USA, Aeromed Ctr, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Webb, CM (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Warfighter Performance & Hlth Div, POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM catherine.webb@us.army.mil NR 11 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 80 IS 6 BP 541 EP 545 DI 10.3357/ASEM.2454.2009 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 454LM UT WOS:000266683400005 PM 19522364 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK Gordon, JA Marek, E Campbell, A Gordon, RK AF Bhattacharjee, Apurba K. Gordon, Jonathan A. Marek, Elizabeth Campbell, Amy Gordon, Richard K. TI 3D-QSAR studies of 2,2-diphenylpropionates to aid discovery of novel potent muscarinic antagonists SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE QSAR; mAChEs; Antimuscarinic agents; BL58125; Quantum chemical; 3D pharmacophore ID ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; ION CHANNEL; MODEL; INHIBITION; AGENT; PRALIDOXIME; OXIMES; QSAR; AM1 AB Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) consisting of five known subtypes, are widely distributed in both central and peripheral nervous systems for regulation of a variety of critical functions. The present theoretical study describes correlations between experimental and calculated molecular properties of 15 alpha-substituted 2,2-diphenylpropionate antimuscarinics using quantum chemical and pharmacophore generation methods to characterize the drug mAChR properties and design new therapeutics. The calculated stereoelectronic properties, such as total energies, bond distances, valence angles, torsion angles, HOMO-LUMO energies, reactivity indices, vibrational frequencies of ether and carbonyl moieties, and nitrogen atom proton affinity were found to be well correlated when compared with experimentally determined inhibition constants from the literature using three muscarinic receptor assays: [(3)H]NMS receptor binding, alpha-amylase release from rat pancreas, and guinea pig ileum contraction. In silico predicted toxicity on rat oral LD(50) values correlated well with the [(3)H] NMS binding in N4TG1 cells and alpha-amylase release assays, but not the ileum contraction assay. Next, to explore the functional requirements for potent activity of the compounds, we developed a preliminary 3D pharmacophore model using the in silico techniques. The resulting model contained a hydrogen bond acceptor site on the carbonyl oxygen atom and a ring aromatic feature on one of the two aromatic rings in these compounds. This model was used as a template to search an in-house database for novel analogs. We found compounds equal in inhibition potency to atropine and, importantly, six not reported before as antimuscarinics. These results demonstrate that this QSAR approach not only provides a basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of action but a pharmacophore to aid in the discovery and design of novel potent muscarinic antagonists. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bhattacharjee, Apurba K.; Marek, Elizabeth; Gordon, Richard K.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Regulated Activ, Dept Regulated Labs, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Gordon, Jonathan A.] Richard Montgomery High Sch, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Campbell, Amy] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bhattacharjee, AK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Regulated Activ, Dept Regulated Labs, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Apurba.Bhattacharjee@amedd.army.mil NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 11 BP 3999 EP 4012 DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.001 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 446JH UT WOS:000266117400032 PM 19409797 ER PT J AU Wu, HC Shi, XW Tsao, CY Lewandowski, AT Fernandes, R Hung, CW DeShong, P Kobatake, E Valdes, JJ Payne, GF Bentley, WE AF Wu, Hsuan-Chen Shi, Xiao-Wen Tsao, Chen-Yu Lewandowski, Angela T. Fernandes, Rohan Hung, Chi-Wei DeShong, Philip Kobatake, Eiry Valdes, James J. Payne, Gregory F. Bentley, William E. TI Biofabrication of Antibodies and Antigens Via IgG-Binding Domain Engineered With Activatable Pentatyrosine pro-tag SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE protein G; chitosan; biofabrication; antibody; tyrosine tag ID CHITOSAN FIBERS; PROTEIN-G; PATTERNED SURFACE; POLYSACCHARIDE; IMMOBILIZATION; ENZYME; TECHNOLOGIES; FABRICATION; DEPOSITION; SEPARATION AB We report the assembly of seven different antibodies (and two antigens) into functional supramolecular structures that are specifically designed to facilitate integration into devices using entirely biologically based bottom-up fabrication. This is enabled by the creation of an engineered IgG-binding domain (HG3T) with an N-terminal hexahistidine tag that facilitates purification and a C-terminal enzyme-activatable pentatyrosine "pro-tag" that facilitates covalent coupling to the pH stimuli-responsive polysaccharide, chitosan. Because we confer pH-stimuli responsiveness to the IgG-binding domain, it can be electrodeposited or otherwise assembled into many configurations. Importantly, we demonstrate the loading of both HG3T and antibodies can be achieved in a linear fashion so that quantitative assessment of antibodies and antigen is feasible. Our demonstration formats include: conventional multiwell plates, micropatterned electrodes, and fiber networks. We believe biologically based fabrication (i.e., biofabrication) provides bottom-up hierarchical assembly of a variety of nanoscale components for applications that range from point-of-care diagnostics to smart fabrics. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 231-240. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Wu, Hsuan-Chen; Shi, Xiao-Wen; Tsao, Chen-Yu; Lewandowski, Angela T.; Fernandes, Rohan; Hung, Chi-Wei; Payne, Gregory F.; Bentley, William E.] Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Biosyst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wu, Hsuan-Chen; Tsao, Chen-Yu; Lewandowski, Angela T.; Fernandes, Rohan; Hung, Chi-Wei; Payne, Gregory F.; Bentley, William E.] Univ Maryland, Fischell Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [DeShong, Philip] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kobatake, Eiry] Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Biosci & Biotechnol, Dept Biol Informat, Yokohama, Kanagawa 227, Japan. [Valdes, James J.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB AP B Michel E3330, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Payne, GF (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Biosyst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM payne@umbi.umd.edu RI DeShong, Philip/B-7106-2009; OI WU, HSUAN-CHEN/0000-0002-7837-1333 FU DuPont; US Army DTRA; RAV; Deutsch Foundation; National Science Foundation [CBET-0650650, EFRI-0735987] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from DuPont, the US Army DTRA, the RAV. Deutsch Foundation and the National Science Foundation (CBET-0650650 and EFRI-0735987). NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 16 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 103 IS 2 BP 231 EP 240 DI 10.1002/bit.22238 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 445UY UT WOS:000266078200002 PM 19224560 ER PT J AU Shackman, AJ McMenamin, BW Slagter, HA Maxwell, JS Greischar, LL Davidson, RJ AF Shackman, Alexander J. McMenamin, Brenton W. Slagter, Heleen A. Maxwell, Jeffrey S. Greischar, Lawrence L. Davidson, Richard J. TI Electromyogenic Artifacts and Electroencephalographic Inferences SO BRAIN TOPOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE EMG; EEG; ERSP; ERS/ERD; LORETA source localization; Review ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; SOURCE SEPARATION; EEG; EMG; REMOVAL AB Muscle or electromyogenic (EMG) artifact poses a serious risk to inferential validity for any electroencephalography (EEG) investigation in the frequency-domain owing to its high amplitude, broad spectrum, and sensitivity to psychological processes of interest. Even weak EMG is detectable across the scalp in frequencies as low as the alpha band. Given these hazards, there is substantial interest in developing EMG correction tools. Unfortunately, most published techniques are subjected to only modest validation attempts, rendering their utility questionable. We review recent work by our laboratory quantitatively investigating the validity of two popular EMG correction techniques, one using the general linear model (GLM), the other using temporal independent component analysis (ICA). We show that intra-individual GLM-based methods represent a sensitive and specific tool for correcting on-going or induced, but not evoked (phaselocked) or source-localized, spectral changes. Preliminary work with ICA shows that it may not represent a panacea for EMG contamination, although further scrutiny is strongly warranted. We conclude by describing emerging methodological trends in this area that are likely to have substantial benefits for basic and applied EEG research. C1 [Shackman, Alexander J.; Slagter, Heleen A.; Greischar, Lawrence L.; Davidson, Richard J.] Univ Wisconsin, Lab Affect Neurosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Shackman, Alexander J.; Slagter, Heleen A.; Greischar, Lawrence L.; Davidson, Richard J.] Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [McMenamin, Brenton W.] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Cognit Sci, St Paul, MN USA. [Maxwell, Jeffrey S.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Davidson, Richard J.] Univ Wisconsin, Hlth Emot Res Inst, Madison, WI USA. RP Shackman, AJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Lab Affect Neurosci, WJ Brogden Hall,1202 W Johnson St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shackman@wisc.edu; rjdavids@wisc.edu RI Maxwell, Jeffrey/D-2482-2009; Shackman, Alexander/B-3458-2009; OI Shackman, Alexander/0000-0002-3629-4704; Slagter, Heleen/0000-0002-4180-1483 FU NIMH [P50MH52354, MH43454] FX This work was supported by NIMH grants P50MH52354 and MH43454. We thank David Bachhuber, Bridget Kelly, and Adam Koppenhaver for assistance. NR 19 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0896-0267 J9 BRAIN TOPOGR JI Brain Topogr. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 22 IS 1 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1007/s10548-009-0079-4 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 480ZA UT WOS:000268774700003 PM 19214730 ER PT J AU Zhu, KM Devesa, SS Wu, HY Zahm, SH Jatoi, I Anderson, WE Peoples, GE Maxwell, LG Granger, E Potter, JE McGlynn, KA AF Zhu, Kangmin Devesa, Susan S. Wu, Hongyu Zahm, Shelia Hoar Jatoi, Ismail Anderson, William E. Peoples, George E. Maxwell, Larry G. Granger, Elder Potter, John E. McGlynn, Katherine A. TI Cancer Incidence in the US Military Population: Comparison with Rates from the SEER Program SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; DEPARTMENT-OF-DEFENSE; GERM-CELL TUMORS; UNITED-STATES; BREAST-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER; WHITE WOMEN; AIR-FORCE; TRENDS; CARCINOMA AB The U.S. active-duty military population may differ from the U.S. general population in its exposure to cancer risk factors and access to medical care. Yet, it is not known if cancer incidence rates differ between these two populations. We therefore compared the incidence of four cancers common in U.S. adults (lung, colorectal, prostate, and breast cancers) and two cancers more common in U.S. young adults (testicular and cervical cancers) in the military and general populations. Data from the Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) of the Department of Defense and the nine cancer registries of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) of the National Cancer Institute for the years 1990 to 2004 for persons with ages 20 to 59 years were analyzed. Incidence rates were significantly lower in the military population for colorectal cancer in White men, lung cancer in White and Black men and White women, and cervical cancer in Black women. In contrast, incidence rates of breast and prostate cancers were significantly higher in the military among Whites and Blacks. Incidence rates of testicular cancer did not differ between ACTUR and SEER. Although the numbers of diagnoses among military personnel were relatively small for temporal trend analysis, we found a more prominent increase in prostate cancer in ACTUR than in SEER. Overall, these results suggest that cancer patterns may differ between military and nonmilitary populations. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore contributing factors. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(6):1740-5) C1 [Zhu, Kangmin] US Mil Canc Inst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Devesa, Susan S.; Zahm, Shelia Hoar; Anderson, William E.; McGlynn, Katherine A.] NIH, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Zhu, Kangmin; Jatoi, Ismail; Potter, John E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Jatoi, Ismail] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Peoples, George E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Granger, Elder] Tricare Management Act, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Zhu, KM (reprint author), US Mil Canc Inst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Suite A-109,Bldg 1,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kangmin.zhu@amedd.army.mil RI Zahm, Shelia/B-5025-2015 FU U.S. Military Cancer Institute the Uniformed Services; National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute) FX U.S. Military Cancer Institute the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences tinder the auspices of the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine and the Intramural Research program of the National Institutes of Health (National Cancer Institute). NR 37 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1740 EP 1745 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0041 PG 6 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 455JD UT WOS:000266754100013 PM 19505907 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N Marchi, D West, BJ AF Scafetta, Nicola Marchi, Damiano West, Bruce J. TI Understanding the complexity of human gait dynamics SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; LONG-RANGE CORRELATIONS; STRIDE-INTERVAL; FRACTAL DYNAMICS; CHILDREN; FLUCTUATIONS; ORGANIZATION; DISEASES; SPECTRA; WALKING AB Time series of human gait stride intervals exhibit fractal and multifractal properties under several conditions. Records from subjects walking at normal, slow, and fast pace speed are analyzed to determine changes in the fractal scalings as a function of the stress condition of the system. Records from subjects with different age from children to elderly and patients suffering from neurodegenerative disease are analyzed to determine changes in the fractal scalings as a function of the physical maturation or degeneration of the system. A supercentral pattern generator model is presented to simulate the above two properties that are typically found in dynamical network performance: that is, how a dynamical network responds to stress and to evolution. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3143035] C1 [Scafetta, Nicola; West, Bruce J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Marchi, Damiano] Duke Univ, Dept Evolutionary Anthropol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [West, Bruce J.] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RI Marchi, Damiano/A-6769-2008; West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI MARCHI, Damiano/0000-0002-6331-8783; Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 FU Army Research Office for support [W911NF-06-1-0323] FX N.S. thanks the Army Research Office for support (Grant No. W911NF-06-1-0323). NR 41 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD JUN PY 2009 VL 19 IS 2 AR 026108 DI 10.1063/1.3143035 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA 465PR UT WOS:000267599800034 PM 19566268 ER PT J AU Douglas, TA Johnson, L Walsh, M Collins, C AF Douglas, Thomas A. Johnson, Laura Walsh, Marianne Collins, Charles TI A time series investigation of the stability of nitramine and nitroaromatic explosives in surface water samples at ambient temperature SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Explosive residues; Explosives sample preservation; TNT; RDX; HMX ID ORGANIC-CARBON; SOIL; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; ADSORPTION; TNT; RDX; DISSOLUTION; DEGRADATION; DESORPTION; TRANSPORT AB We investigated the fate of nitramine and nitroaromatic explosives compounds in surface water to determine how surface water biogeochemistry affects the stability of explosives compounds. Five river water samples and 18.2 M Omega deionized water were spiked with 10 explosives compounds and the samples were held at ambient temperatures (20 degrees C) for 85 d. Surface water represented three rivers with a range of total organic carbon concentrations and two rivers draining glacial watersheds with minimal organic carbon but high suspended solids. 18.2 M Omega deionized water exhibited no explosives transformation. Nitroaromatic compound loss from solution was generally: tetryl > 1,3,5-TNB > TNT > 1,3-DNB > 2,4-DNT. The HMX, RDX, 2,6-DNT, 2ADNT, and 4ADNT concentrations remained somewhat stable over time. The surface water with the highest total organic carbon concentration exhibited the most dramatic nitroaromatic loss from solution with tetryl, 1,3,5-TNB and TNT concentrations decreasing to below detection within 10 d. The two water samples with high suspended solid loads exhibited substantial nitroaromatic explosives loss which could be attributable to adsorption onto fresh mineral surfaces and/or enhanced microbiologic biotransformation on mineral surfaces. An identical set of six water samples was spiked with explosives and acidified with sodium bisulfate to a pH of 2. Acidification maintained stable explosives concentrations in most of the water samples for the entire 85 d. Our results suggest sampling campaigns for explosives in surface water must account for biogeochemical characteristics. Acidification of samples with sodium bisulfate immediately following collection is a robust way to preserve nitroaromatic compound concentrations even at ambient temperature for up to three months. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Douglas, Thomas A.; Johnson, Laura; Collins, Charles] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. [Walsh, Marianne] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Douglas, TA (reprint author), Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, POB 35170, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. EM Thomas.A.Douglas@usace.army.mil FU US Army Engineer Research and Development Center; US Army Garrison Alaska FX Tom Jenkins, and Alan Hewitt provided insightful comments on the results of this project. Lars Osborne assisted with laboratory measurements. Project work was funded by the US Army Environmental Quality Technology Basic Research Program by the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center and by US Army Garrison Alaska. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this paper is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. We thank two anonymous reviewers for providing comments that strengthened an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUN PY 2009 VL 76 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.02.050 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 457AP UT WOS:000266897200001 PM 19329139 ER PT J AU Papadopoulos, PJ Edison, JD AF Papadopoulos, Patricia J. Edison, Jess D. TI The Clinical Picture Soft tissue atrophy after corticosteroid injection SO CLEVELAND CLINIC JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Papadopoulos, Patricia J.; Edison, Jess D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Edison, Jess D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rheumatol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM p.papadopoulos@us.army.mil NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLEVELAND CLINIC PI CLEVELAND PA 9500 EUCLID AVE, CLEVELAND, OH 44106 USA SN 0891-1150 J9 CLEV CLIN J MED JI Clevel. Clin. J. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 76 IS 6 BP 373 EP 374 DI 10.3949/ccjm.76a.08096 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 456YV UT WOS:000266891700013 PM 19487559 ER PT J AU Demirbilek, Z Lin, LW Seabergh, WC Mase, H Zheng, JH AF Demirbilek, Zeki Lin, Lihwa Seabergh, William C. Mase, Hajime Zheng, Jinhai TI LABORATORY AND NUMERICAL STUDIES OF HYDRODYNAMICS NEAR JETTIES SO COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Coastal inlet; laboratory wave measurements; numerical models; wave-induced currents; jetties ID RANDOM WAVE TRANSFORMATION; ENERGY-BALANCE-EQUATION; MODEL; DIFFRACTION; REFRACTION AB Numerical and physical modeling studies were performed by the Coastal Inlets Research Program (CIRP) of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to investigate the spatial and temporal behavior of waves and wave-induced currents near jetties of an idealized coastal inlet. Hydrodynamics were examined in the vicinity of two extreme types of jetty structure: a highly absorbing jetty (resembling fairly porous rock rubble structure) and a fully refective jetty (resembling a vertical sheet pile or caisson type breakwater). Laboratory experiments in a Froude scale of 1:50 were conducted with regular and irregular shore-normal (0 degrees) and obliquely incident (20 degrees) unidirectional waves. Current and wave measurements were made on the up-wave side and inside the inlet as well as in the bay, along a number of cross-shore and along-shore transects. Wave directions were measured by a remote-sensing video-camera system and Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADV). Numerical modeling was performed with the Coastal Modeling System (CMS) consisting of a two-dimensional circulation model coupled to a spectral wave model. Calculated current and wave fields from CMS in the area around and between absorbing or reflected jetties were compared to measurements. The highly reflecting jetty created a circulation cell on the up-wave side of the inlet, whereas the absorbing jetty did not C1 [Demirbilek, Zeki; Lin, Lihwa; Seabergh, William C.] USA, Engineer R&D Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Mase, Hajime] Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. [Zheng, Jinhai] Hohahi Univ, Res Inst Coastal & Ocean Engn, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China. RP Demirbilek, Z (reprint author), USA, Engineer R&D Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM zeki.demirbilek@usace.army.mil NR 34 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0578-5634 J9 COAST ENG J JI Coast Eng. J. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 51 IS 2 BP 143 EP 175 PG 33 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 451YL UT WOS:000266506700004 ER PT J AU Sevkat, E Liaw, B Delale, F Raju, BB AF Sevkat, Ercan Liaw, Benjamin Delale, Feridun Raju, Basavaraju B. TI A combined experimental and numerical approach to study ballistic impact response of S2-glass fiber/toughened epoxy composite beams SO COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ballistic impact; Glass-epoxy composites; Damage models; Ballistic limit; Ballistic tests ID PERFORATION; PROJECTILES; BEHAVIOR; TENSION; JOINTS; PLATES; ARMOR; MODEL AB A combined experimental and 3D dynamic nonlinear finite element (FE) approach was adopted to study damage in composite beams subject to ballistic impact using a high-speed gas gun. The time-histories of dynamic strains induced during impact were recorded using strain gages mounted on the front of the composite beam specimen. During ballistic impact tests, the impact velocity was also measured. The commercially available 3D dynamic nonlinear FE code, LS-DYNA, modified with a proposed user-defined nonlinear-orthotropic damage model, was then used to simulate the experimental results. In addition, LS-DYNA with the Chang-Chang linear-orthotropic damage model was also used for comparison. Good agreement between experimental and FE results was found from the comparisons of dynamic strain and damage patterns. Once the proposed nonlinear-orthotropic damage model was verified by experimental results, further FE simulations were conducted to predict the ballistic limit velocity (V(50)) using either the number of damaged layer approach or a numerically established relation between the projectile impact velocity versus residual velocity or energy similar to the classical Lambert-Jonas equation for metals. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liaw, Benjamin; Delale, Feridun] CUNY City Coll, Dept Mech Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Sevkat, Ercan] New York City Coll Technol, Dept Mech Engn Technol, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Raju, Basavaraju B.] USA, TARDEC, RDECOM, Warren, MI USA. RP Liaw, B (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Mech Engn, 140th & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM liaw@ccny.cuny.edu FU US Army Research Office [DAAD19-03-1-00086]; City University of New York; CUNY Collaborative Incentive Research Grants Program [80209-06 10]; CUNY Research Equipment [80212-12 04] FX This work is supported by US Army Research Office through Grant No. DAAD19-03-1-00086. Dr. Bruce LaMattina is the Program Manager. The authors also would like to express their thanks for funding from the City University of New York through CUNY Collaborative Incentive Research Grants Program (80209-06 10) and CUNY Research Equipment Grant Competition (80212-12 04) for procuring part of the materials and equipment used in this research. NR 34 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0266-3538 J9 COMPOS SCI TECHNOL JI Compos. Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 69 IS 7-8 BP 965 EP 982 DI 10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.01.001 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 450DH UT WOS:000266380700012 ER PT J AU Bower, KS Edwards, JD Wagner, ME Ward, TP Hidayat, A AF Bower, Kraig S. Edwards, Jayson D. Wagner, Melvin. E. Ward, Thomas P. Hidayat, Ahmed TI Novel Corneal Phenotype in a Patient With Alport Syndrome SO CORNEA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY APR 30-MAY 05, 2005 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vis & Ophthalmol DE Alport syndrome; confocal microscopy; corneal dystrophy; PPMD; ultrastructure ID POSTERIOR POLYMORPHOUS DYSTROPHY; OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; ENDOTHELIAL DYSTROPHY; DISEASE; MUTATIONS; GENE AB Purpose: To report the clinical and histopathologic findings of an unusual keratopathy, which may represent a new corneal dystrophy in a patient with Alport syndrome (ATS). Methods: A 59-year-old woman with longstanding diagnosis of autosomal recessive ATS was evaluated for progressively decreasing vision in the left eye. She had anterior lenticonus and cataract and central corneal stromal opacification with significant thinning and flattening bilaterally. She underwent penetrating keratoplasty and cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. We describe the light microscopic and ultrastructural findings from the cornea. Results: Histopathology of the conical button revealed marked stromal thinning with decreased keratocytes. The endothelial cells were attenuated and focally lost. Immunohistochemical stains for cytokeratin were positive, findings consistent with posterior polymorphous dystrophy (PPMD). Transmission electron microscopy showed necrosis and a marked loss of keratocytes. Multilayering of the endothelium was consistent with PPMD, but mature desmosomes and microvilli were absent. In vivo confocal microscopy on the fellow eye showed linear hyporeflective bands at the level of Descemet's membrane consistent with PPMD. In addition, there were fine linear changes in the deep stroma and diffuse hyperreflectivity of the mid and superficial stroma with lack of identifiable keratocytes throughout. Conclusions: We believe this to be the first reported case to demonstrate some histopathologic features of PPMD in ATS. However, the clinical, histopathologic, and ultrastructural characteristics are not typical of PPMD. This may represent a new phenotypic expression of PPMD or may be a distinct clinicopathologic dystrophy associated with ATS. C1 [Bower, Kraig S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Ward, Thomas P.] Consulting Ophthalmologists PC, Farmington, CT USA. [Hidayat, Ahmed] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Ophthalm Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Bower, KS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Dept Surg, Ophthalmol Serv, Room 2F-05,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kraig.bower@na.amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-3740 J9 CORNEA JI Cornea PD JUN PY 2009 VL 28 IS 5 BP 599 EP 606 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 449QZ UT WOS:000266346400027 PM 19421029 ER PT J AU Casares, S Richie, TL AF Casares, Sofia Richie, Thomas L. TI Immune evasion by malaria parasites: a challenge for vaccine development SO CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID REGULATORY T-CELLS; EXPERIMENTAL CEREBRAL MALARIA; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; PLASMODIUM-CHABAUDI-ADAMI; ERYTHROCYTE INVASION; FALCIPARUM; INFECTION; MICE; MATURATION; RESPONSES AB Malaria is a deadly infectious disease that affects one to two billion people and kills up to one million children yearly. Despite decades of intensive research, we are still lacking an effective vaccine against malaria. Our efforts are being challenged by the complexity of Plasmodium's life cycle, its ability to parasitize and hide within the host cells, and its masterful ability to avoid clearance by the innate and adaptive host immune responses. In this article we will review the main mechanisms of immune evasion used by malaria parasites and discuss the implications for malaria vaccine development. C1 [Casares, Sofia; Richie, Thomas L.] USN, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Infect Dis Directorate,US Mil Malaria Vaccine Pro, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Casares, S (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Infect Dis Directorate,US Mil Malaria Vaccine Pro, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Sofia.casares@med.navy.mil; thomas.richie@med.navy.mil RI Richie, Thomas/A-8028-2011; OI Richie, Thomas/0000-0002-2946-5456 NR 61 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0952-7915 J9 CURR OPIN IMMUNOL JI Curr. Opin. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 21 IS 3 BP 321 EP 330 DI 10.1016/j.coi.2009.05.015 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 470FO UT WOS:000267960800014 PM 19493666 ER PT J AU Massoulie, J Millard, CB AF Massoulie, Jean Millard, Charles B. TI Cholinesterases and the basal lamina at vertebrate neuromuscular junctions SO CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE-ASSOCIATED COLLAGEN; SCHWARTZ-JAMPEL-SYNDROME; HEPARIN-BINDING DOMAINS; TAILED ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MOLECULAR-FORMS; ANCHORING ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; SYNAPTIC ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ALPHA-DYSTROGLYCAN AB Macromolecules of the cholinergic basal lamina are essential elements of the complex signaling processes governing development, function, and repair of the vertebrate neuromuscular junction. One special form of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is anchored within BL through a collagen tail (CoIQ) that binds heparan sulfate proteoglycans, such as perlecan, and the post-synaptic muscle specific kinase MuSK New experimental approaches are probing the spatio-temporal dynamics of CoIQ-AChE over days or weeks in vivo, thereby unraveling its interactions with other BL components, as well as pre-and post-synaptic elements. Concurrent advances in understanding of the biological effects of specific CoIQ-AChE mutations prefigure improved diagnostics and clinical approaches for some congenital myasthenic syndromes. C1 [Massoulie, Jean] Ecole Normale Super, Neurobiol Lab, CNRS, UMR8544, F-75005 Paris, France. [Millard, Charles B.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Massoulie, J (reprint author), Ecole Normale Super, Neurobiol Lab, CNRS, UMR8544, 46 Rue Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France. EM jean.massoulie@biologie.ens.fr FU CNRS; ENS; AFM; DGA; DTRA (USA) FX This work was Supported by grants from CNRS, ENS, AFM, DGA, and DTRA (USA). We thank Drs; Jeanine Koenig, Claire Legay, and Eric Krejci for helpful discussions. NR 72 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4892 J9 CURR OPIN PHARMACOL JI Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 3 BP 316 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.coph.2009.04.004 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 459ZD UT WOS:000267151800014 PM 19423392 ER PT J AU Geria, AN Holcomb, KZ Scheinfeld, NS AF Geria, Aanand N. Holcomb, Katherine Z. Scheinfeld, Noah S. TI Necrolytic Acral Erythema: A Review of the Literature SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; MIGRATORY ERYTHEMA; LIVER-DISEASE; GLUCAGONOMA SYNDROME; ZINC-DEFICIENCY; FATTY-ACID; ORAL ZINC; INFECTION; INTERFERON; DIAGNOSIS AB Necrolytic acral erythema (NAE) has been described as an early cutaneous marker for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It most commonly presents as a well-defined, dusky, erythematous eruption with marked hyperkeratosis and a dark red rim associated with pruritus or burning. Necrolytic acral erythema bears. microscopic and clinical resemblance to other necrolytic erythemas, including necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) and several nutrient-deficient syndromes. It is distinct, however, in its predominantly acral distribution and strong association with HCV infection. The pathogenesis is unknown, but a relationship to metabolic alterations has been hypothesized. Optimal therapy appears to be treatment of the underlying HCV infection using a combination of ribavirin and interferon alfa; oral zinc therapy may be an alternative but useful therapy, Cases of NAE without HCV infection suggest that more work needs to be done defining NAE and its relationship to HCV Cutis. 2009;83:309-314 C1 [Geria, Aanand N.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Newark, NJ USA. [Holcomb, Katherine Z.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium Residency Program, Bethesda, MD USA. [Holcomb, Katherine Z.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Scheinfeld, Noah S.] St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, New York, NY USA. [Scheinfeld, Noah S.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. RP Geria, AN (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Newark, NJ USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD JUN PY 2009 VL 83 IS 6 BP 309 EP 314 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 474FX UT WOS:000268269100007 PM 19681342 ER PT J AU Picchioni, D Hicks, RA AF Picchioni, Dante Hicks, Robert A. TI Differences in the Relationship Between Nightmares and Coping With Stress for Asians and Caucasians: A Brief Report SO DREAMING LA English DT Article DE nightmares; dreams; ethnicity; stress; coping AB In contrast to posttraumatic nightmares, some nightmares can also be idiopathic. Previous research indicates that nightmares may serve a beneficial function as there is a positive relationship between nightmares and "waking" coping strategies. As a result, nightmares may fit into a continuity of coping throughout the sleep/wake cycle. In the present analysis, the relationship between nightmares and one measure of coping was only significant for those who identified themselves as Asian when compared those who identified themselves as Caucasian. These results represent one of the first differences in nightmares between ethnic groups. Such research is important for understanding the role of idiopathic nightmares in coping and understanding the importance of ethnicity when presented with patients complaining of nightmares. C1 [Picchioni, Dante; Hicks, Robert A.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Psychol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. RP Picchioni, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Room 2W96, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM dante.picchioni@amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION-AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1053-0797 J9 DREAMING JI Dreaming PD JUN PY 2009 VL 19 IS 2 BP 108 EP 112 DI 10.1037/a0016483 PG 5 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA V19OE UT WOS:000208080900005 ER PT J AU Spurgers, KB Silvestri, LS Warfield, KL Bavari, S AF Spurgers, Kevin B. Silvestri, Lynn S. Warfield, Kelly L. Bavari, Sina TI Toward RNA Interference-Based Therapy for Filovirus Infections SO DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE siRNA; RNA interference; filovirus; Ebola; Marburg ID EBOLA-VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; MARBURG-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; VP35 PROTEIN; PATHOGENESIS; GENE; INHIBITION; ANTISENSE; MICRORNA AB Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) viruses, of the family filoviridae, cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates (NHPs) with mortality rates of up to 90%. Infection is thought to occur through mucous membranes or breaks in the skin after contact with infected animal tissue or body fluids of infected individuals. Beyond naturally occurring outbreaks, the potential use of these viruses in acts of bioterrorism remains a public health and national security concern. EBOV and MARV are classified as category A bioterrorism agents by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). To date, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics for filovirus infections. Major efforts are now under way to develop anti-viral therapeutics that use the cellular RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. Small synthetic double-stranded RNA oligonucleotides (siRNAs), or small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) enter the RNAi pathway and guide the degradation of target mRNA transcripts with homologous sequence, for experimental or therapeutic benefit. Chemical modifications improve the in vivo stability of siRNAs and various strategies are being investigated to improve delivery. Importantly, siRNAs and shRNAs have been successfully used to inhibit virus replication in vitro, and in animal models. siRNAs as therapy for a variety of ailments have now moved into clinical trials. This review provides an overview of therapeutic siRNAs and details preclinical efforts to use these molecules as therapy for filovirus infections. Drug Dev Res 70:246-254, 2009. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Spurgers, Kevin B.; Silvestri, Lynn S.; Warfield, Kelly L.; Bavari, Sina] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [4.10022_08_RD_B] FX Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U.S. Army. A portion of the research described herein was sponsored by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency plan number 4.10022_08_RD_B to S.B. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0272-4391 J9 DRUG DEVELOP RES JI Drug Dev. Res. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 70 IS 4 BP 246 EP 254 DI 10.1002/ddr.20302 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 465ML UT WOS:000267589400005 ER PT J AU Stahl, AM Adler, M Millard, CB Gilfillan, L AF Stahl, Andrea M. Adler, Michael Millard, Charles B. Gilfillan, Lynne TI Accelerating Botulism Therapeutic Product Development in the Department of Defense SO DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE botulinum toxin; drug development; Department of Defense ID INFANT BOTULISM; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; BIOLOGICAL WEAPON; NEUROTOXIN-A; TOXIN-A; DIAGNOSTICS; ANTITOXIN; MEDICINE; FUTURE; FACES AB Coordinated small-molecule drug discovery research efforts for the treatment of botulism by the public sector, especially the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), began in the 1990s and represent a significant resource investment. Organization of an effective botulism therapeutic drug program, however, presents formidable technical and logistical challenges. Seven distinct BoNT serotypes are known, each representing a different target. Moreover, BoNT exerts its action inside peripheral cholinergic neurons, and some serotypes may persist functionally within nerve cells for weeks or months. Clinical botulism occurs infrequently, and the effectiveness of prolonged mechanical ventilation to treat poisoning further limits experimental drug testing. The efficacy of experimental compounds must be extrapolated from disparate cell- or tissue-based or rodent models. Numerous compounds with moderate efficacy in experimental laboratory assays have been reported, but may not possess the necessary safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic profile to support therapeutic development. To mitigate these challenges, we propose product development tools to assist in management of the BoNT portfolio and to clearly define the desired therapeutic product. Establishing a target product profile (TPP) is proposed to guide public sector managers toward critical aspects of the desired therapeutic product. Additional product development tools to assist in shaping research portfolios and to inform decisions regarding lead candidates to pursue are also discussed. Product development tools that facilitate the characterization of the ideal therapeutic product, and assist in the maintenance of a robust portfolio, will ameliorate the inherent financial risk in drug development for treating BoNT intoxication. Drug Dev Res, 70:303-326, 2009. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Stahl, Andrea M.] USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Adler, Michael] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Millard, Charles B.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Gilfillan, Lynne] SRI Int, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP Stahl, AM (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 568 Doughten Dr,1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM andrea.m.stahl@us.army.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense [3.10021 08 RD B]; U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [W81XWH-06-C-001, W81XWH-06-C-0036]; U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity FX We are grateful for the guidance and helpful discussion provided by COL Alan J. Magill, MD, Walter Reed Army Medical Center. The research described herein was sponsored by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (DTRA JSTO-CBD project: Product Development Tools to Enhance Drug Discovery/3.10021 08 RD B). Some previous research (SRI) cited was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command under Contract No. W81XWH-06-C-001 and W81XWH-06-C-0036 awarded by the U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0272-4391 J9 DRUG DEVELOP RES JI Drug Dev. Res. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 70 IS 4 BP 303 EP 326 DI 10.1002/ddr.20308 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 465ML UT WOS:000267589400011 ER PT J AU St-Louis, V Pidgeon, AM Clayton, MK Locke, BA Bash, D Radeloff, VC AF St-Louis, Veronique Pidgeon, Anna M. Clayton, Murray K. Locke, Brian A. Bash, Dallas Radeloff, Volker C. TI Satellite image texture and a vegetation index predict avian biodiversity in the Chihuahuan Desert of New Mexico SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID BUTTERFLY SPECIES RICHNESS; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; BIRD; PRODUCTIVITY; SCALE; ENERGY; MODEL; SELECTION; HETEROGENEITY AB Predicting broad-scale patterns of biodiversity is challenging, particularly in ecosystems where traditional methods of quantifying habitat structure fail to capture subtle but potentially important variation within habitat types. With the unprecedented rate at which global biodiversity is declining, there is a strong need for improvement in methods for discerning broad-scale differences in habitat quality. Here, we test the importance of habitat structure (i.e. fine-scale spatial variability in plant growth forms) and plant productivity (i.e. amount of green biomass) for predicting avian biodiversity. We used image texture (i.e. a surrogate for habitat structure) and vegetation indices (i.e., surrogates for plant productivity) derived from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data for predicting bird species richness patterns in the northern Chihuahuan Desert of New Mexico. Bird species richness was summarized for forty-two 108 ha plots in the McGregor Range of Fort Bliss Military Reserve between 1996 and 1998. Six Landsat TM bands and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were used to calculate first-order and second-order image textures measures. The relationship between bird species richness versus image texture and productivity (mean NDVI) was assessed using Bayesian model averaging. The predictive ability of the models was evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation. Texture of NDVI predicted bird species richness better than texture of individual Landsat TM bands and accounted for up to 82.3% of the variability in species richness. Combining habitat structure and productivity measures accounted for up to 87.4% of the variability in bird species richness. Our results highlight that texture measures from Landsat TM imagery were useful for predicting patterns of bird species richness in semi-arid ecosystems and that image texture is a promising tool when assessing broad-scale patterns of biodiversity using remotely sensed data. C1 [St-Louis, Veronique; Pidgeon, Anna M.; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Clayton, Murray K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Locke, Brian A.; Bash, Dallas] Directorate Environm, Ft Bliss, TX 79916 USA. RP St-Louis, V (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM vstlouis@wisc.edu RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program; U.S. Dept of Defense Legacy Resource Management Program; Ft. Bliss Directorate of Environment; USGS BRD Texas Cooperative Fish; Wildlife Research Unit; USGS BRD Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit; Department of Wildlife Ecology; Dept of Forest Ecology and Management; Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison FX We would like to thank all field assistants who collected bird data between 1996 and 1998. Tobias Kuemmerle, two ananymouse reviewers, and the subject matter editor, and two anonymous reviewers made valuable comments which greatly improved this manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge support by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program. Support for acquiring bird data was provided by the U.S. Dept of Defense Legacy Resource Management Program, Ft. Bliss Directorate of Environment, USGS BRD Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, USGS BRD Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, the Department of Wildlife Ecology, and the Dept of Forest Ecology and Management, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison. NR 66 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0906-7590 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD JUN PY 2009 VL 32 IS 3 BP 468 EP 480 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05512.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 466JY UT WOS:000267659400012 ER PT J AU Veatch, W Brooks, PD Gustafson, JR Molotch, NP AF Veatch, W. Brooks, P. D. Gustafson, J. R. Molotch, N. P. TI 'Quantifying the effects of forest canopy cover on net snow accumulation at a continental, mid-latitude site' SO ECOHYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE snow accumulation; forest-snow interactions; binary regression tree model; spatial distribution; forest density ID WATER YIELD; RADIATION TRANSMISSION; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; NEW-MEXICO; VEGETATION; SUBLIMATION; CLIMATE; ABLATION; BALANCE AB Although many studies have investigated the effects of forest cover oil streamflow and runoff, and several have examined the effects of canopy density oil snowpack accumulation, the impacts of forest canopy density oil spatial patterns of snowmelt input to catchments remain relatively underquantified. We performed all intensive snow depth and density survey during maximum accumulation in a mid-latitude montane environment in northern New Mexico, taking 900 snow depth measurements and excavating six snow pits across a continuum of canopy densities. Snow water equivalent (SWE) data are correlated with forest canopy density (R(2) = 0.21, p < 0.0001), with maximum snow accumulation in forests with density between 25 and 40%. Forest edges are shown to be highly influential on patterns of snow depth, with unforested areas shaded by forest to their immediate south holding approximately 25% deeper snow than either large open areas or densely forested areas. This indicates that the combination of canopy influences oil throughfall and snowpack shading are key processes underlying snow distribution in the high solar load environments typical of mountainous, mid-latitude areas. We further show that statistical models of snow distribution are improved with the addition of remotely sensed forest canopy information (R 2 increased in 10 of 11 cases, deviance lowered in 9 of 11 cases), making these findings broadly relevant for improving estimation of water resources, predicting the ecohydrological implications of vegetation and climate change, and informing, integrated forest and water resources management. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Veatch, W.; Brooks, P. D.; Gustafson, J. R.] Univ Arizona, SAHRA, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Veatch, W.; Brooks, P. D.; Gustafson, J. R.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Molotch, N. P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Veatch, W (reprint author), USA, Corps Engn New Orleans Dist, ED H,7400 Leake Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM C.Veatch@usacc.army.mil RI Molotch, Noah/C-8576-2009 FU National Science Foundation; [EAR-9876800]; [EAR-0713054] FX This research was supported by SAHRA )sustainability of semi-Arid hydroology and riparian areas) under the STC Program of the National Science Foundation, agreemens EAR-9876800 and EAR-0714054 NR 58 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 39 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1936-0584 J9 ECOHYDROLOGY JI Ecohydrology PD JUN PY 2009 VL 2 IS 2 BP 115 EP 128 DI 10.1002/eco.45 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 470IK UT WOS:000267968200001 ER PT J AU Ying, XY Jorgeson, J Wang, SSY AF Ying, Xinya Jorgeson, Jeff Wang, Sam S. Y. TI MODELING DAM-BREAK FLOWS USING FINITE VOLUME METHOD ON UNSTRUCTURED GRID SO ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE dam-break flow; finite volume method; HLL approximate Riemann solver; unstructured grid ID APPROXIMATE RIEMANN SOLVER; SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SOURCE TERMS; SIMULATION; GRADIENT AB This study aims to develop a robust, accurate, and computationally efficient numerical model for dam-break flows. The model is based on the finite volume method on an unstructured triangular grid. The intercell flux is computed by the HLL approximate Riemann solver. The model employs the form of the shallow water equations in which the effects of pressure and gravity are included in one source term. Such a choice can simplify the computation and eliminate numerical imbalance between source and flux terms. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the newly developed model are demonstrated through several test problems, including oblique hydraulic jump, a laboratory partial dam-break case, and a real-life dam-break case. It is found that the model is robust and capable of accurately predicting dam-break flows that may occur over complicated terrain and involve subcritical flows, supercritical flows, and transcritical flows. C1 [Ying, Xinya; Wang, Sam S. Y.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, University, MS 38677 USA. [Jorgeson, Jeff] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39018 USA. RP Ying, XY (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Computat Hydrosci & Engn, 102 Carrier Hall, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ying@ncche.olemiss.edu NR 16 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIV, DEPT CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENG PI HONG KONG PA HUNG HOM, KOWLOON, HONG KONG, 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1994-2060 J9 ENG APPL COMP FLUID JI Eng. Appl. Comp. Fluid Mech. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 2 BP 184 EP 194 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 586HW UT WOS:000276898300004 ER PT J AU Hull, MS Kennedy, AJ Steevens, JA Bednar, AJ Weiss, CA Vikesland, PJ AF Hull, Matthew S. Kennedy, Alan J. Steevens, Jeffery A. Bednar, Anthony J. Weiss, Charles A., Jr. Vikesland, Peter J. TI Release of Metal Impurities from Carbon Nanomaterials Influences Aquatic Toxicity SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM DOTS; NANOTUBES; COPPER; METALLOFULLERENES; NANOPARTICLES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; EXPOSURE; COPEPOD; YIELD AB Few studies have considered the environmental impacts of impurities and byproducts associated with low-efficiency nanomanufacturing processes. Here, we study the composition and aquatic toxicity of low-purity, as-produced fullerenes (C(60)) and metallofullerene waste solids, both of which were generated via arc-discharge synthesis. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) were used to characterize the metals composition of the solid test materials and of aqueous leachates prepared by mixing test materials with waters of varying pH, hardness, and salinity. The aquatic toxicity of the leachates was determined using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommended aquatic bioassay protocols with two standard test organisms-Pimephales promelas and Ceriodaphnia dubia. Results indicated that metals associated with the solid test materials became mobilized in our test system upon interaction with waters of circumneutral pH and reached concentrations sufficient to induce toxicity in both test species. Acute (48 h) LC(50) values for P. promelas and C. dubia exposed to leachates prepared from metallofullerene waste solids were 54 and 5% (as % leachate in diluent), respectively. Toxicity was eliminated after adding the chelator EDTA to the leachates, implicating divalent transition metals as the toxicity source. Our results demonstrate the aquatic toxicity of metals mobilized from products and byproducts of nanomanufacturing, and they emphasize the need for a global review of nanomanufacturing wastes and low-purity products. C1 [Kennedy, Alan J.; Steevens, Jeffery A.; Bednar, Anthony J.; Weiss, Charles A., Jr.] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Hull, Matthew S.; Vikesland, Peter J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hull, Matthew S.] NanoSafe Inc, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. RP Kennedy, AJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Alan.Kennedy@usace.army.mil RI Hull, Matt/F-4942-2012; Lucas, Elizabeth/E-2733-2010; Vikesland, Peter/B-3960-2013 OI Vikesland, Peter/0000-0003-2654-5132 FU Environmental Quality Technology Program of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center; National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship; Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS); NSF [CBET-0537117] FX Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this paper is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The Studies described and the resulting data presented herein were obtained from research supported by the Environmental Quality Technology Program of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (Dr. John Cullinane, Technical Director). Funding for M. Hull was provided by a fellowship through the National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IG-ERT) program at Virginia Tech. Additional funding support was provided by a grant from the Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) and NSF grant CBET-0537117. We thank H.C. Dorn of Virginia Tech for the generous donation of endohedral metallofullerene byproduct materials. We also thank Jennifer Goss and Archie Ball at ERDC for laboratory assistance. NR 46 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 5 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 11 BP 4169 EP 4174 DI 10.1021/es802483p PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 452NJ UT WOS:000266546700033 PM 19569347 ER PT J AU Garcia-Reyero, N Poynton, HC Kennedy, AJ Guan, X Escalon, BL Chang, B Varshavsky, J Loguinov, AV Vulpe, CD Perkins, EJ AF Garcia-Reyero, Natalia Poynton, Helen C. Kennedy, Alan J. Guan, Xin Escalon, B. Lynn Chang, Bonnie Varshavsky, Julia Loguinov, Alex V. Vulpe, Chris D. Perkins, Edward J. TI Biomarker Discovery and Transcriptomic Responses in Daphnia magna exposed to Munitions Constituents SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METAL-TUNGSTEN-ALLOY; GENE-EXPRESSION; HEMOGLOBIN CONTENT; TOXICITY; RDX; REPRODUCTION; GROWTH; LEAD; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; TOXICOGENOMICS AB Ecotoxicogenomic approaches are emerging as alternative methods in environmental monitoring because they allow insight into pollutant modes of action and help assess the causal agents and potential toxicity beyond the traditional end points of death, growth, and reproduction. Gene expression analysis has shown particular promise for identifying gene expression biomarkers of chemical exposure that can be further used to monitor specific chemical exposures in the environment. We focused on the development of gene expression markers to detect and discriminate between chemical exposures. Using a custom cDNA microarray for Daphnia magna, we identified distinct expression fingerprints in response to exposure at sublethal concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, and munitions constituents. Using the results obtained from microarray analysis, we chose a suite of potential biomarkers for each of the specific exposures. The selected potential biomarkers were tested in independent chemical exposures for specificity using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Six genes were confirmed as differentially regulated by the selected chemical exposures. Furthermore, each exposure was identified by response of a unique combination (suite) of individual gene expression biomarkers. These results demonstrate the potential for discovery and validation of novel biomarkers of chemical exposures using gene expression analysis, which could have broad applicability in environmental monitoring. C1 [Kennedy, Alan J.; Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Erdc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Garcia-Reyero, Natalia] Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. [Poynton, Helen C.; Chang, Bonnie; Varshavsky, Julia; Loguinov, Alex V.; Vulpe, Chris D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Inst Environm, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guan, Xin; Escalon, B. Lynn] SpecPro, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Perkins, EJ (reprint author), USA, Erdc, Halls Ferry Rd 3909, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency STAR fellowship [FP-91644201-0]; National Science Foundation [BES-0504603]; U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center [BAA053799, BAA074160] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency STAR fellowship (FP-91644201-0) and grants from the National Science Foundation (BES-0504603) and U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (BAA053799 and BAA074160). This work benefits from and contributes to the Daphnia Genomics Consortium. We acknowledge Jennifer Goss for assistance in the laboratory. Permission was granted by the U.S. Army Chief of Engineers to publish this information. NR 43 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 11 BP 4188 EP 4193 DI 10.1021/es803702a PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 452NJ UT WOS:000266546700036 PM 19569350 ER PT J AU Quinn, MJ Bazar, MA McFarland, CA Perkins, EJ Gust, KA Johnson, MS AF Quinn, Michael J., Jr. Bazar, Matthew A. McFarland, Craig A. Perkins, Edward J. Gust, Kurt A. Johnson, Mark S. TI SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF SUBACUTE EXPOSURE TO RDX (1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE) IN THE NORTHERN BOBWHITE (COLINUS VIRGINIANUS) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE RDX (1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine); Northern bobwhite; Birds; Explosive ID TOXICITY AB Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) were orally exposed via gavage to 0, 0.5, 3, 8, 12, or 17 mg/kg of RDX (1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) in corn oil daily for 14 d to evaluate sublethal effects of this explosive in birds. Mortality occurred at a rates of 100, 67, and 25% for the 17, 12, and 8 mg/kg/d dose groups, respectively. Death was preceded by clonic and tonic convulsions and weight loss caused by gastrointestinal effects. Increases in serum globulin and total leukocytes were observed in the two highest-dose groups. Degeneration of testicular and splenic tissue also was observed. The no-observed-adverse-effects and lowest-observed-adverse-effects levels were determined as 3.0 and 8.0 mg/kg/d, respectively. C1 [Quinn, Michael J., Jr.; Bazar, Matthew A.; McFarland, Craig A.; Johnson, Mark S.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Perkins, Edward J.; Gust, Kurt A.] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Quinn, MJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM michael.james.quinn@us.army.mil FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineering, Research and Development Center FX We thank Patricia Beall, Lee Crouse, Wilfred McCain, Martha Thompson, Curtis Oliver, and Michael Hable for their help with this project. This work was funded by the Army Environmental Quality Technology Program through the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineering, Research and Development Center. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 28 IS 6 BP 1266 EP 1270 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 449ZU UT WOS:000266370700018 PM 19173548 ER PT J AU Khoshbakht, M Lin, MW Feickert, CA AF Khoshbakht, Mehran Lin, Mark W. Feickert, Carl A. TI A finite element model for hygrothermal analysis of masonry walls with FRP reinforcement SO FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Moisture; Temperature; FRP composites; Porous media ID MOISTURE TRANSFER; LUIKOV EQUATIONS; MASS-TRANSFER; POROUS-MEDIA; HEAT; CONCRETE; COMPOSITES; DIFFUSION AB Modeling of moisture migration and heat transfer in fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite upgraded masonry structures is of great importance, since the interfacial adhesive between the reinforcing FRP laminate and the host masonry is prone to moisture damages. In this paper, a generic theoretical formulation was first developed to model moisture and heat transport in a layered structure consisting of distinct materials. This formulation was based on the framework of the hygrothermal model presented by Philip and De Vries for a monolithic porous medium. Finite element implementation of the formulation was subsequently used to model moisture and heat transport in an FRP reinforced masonry block. Analytical results were then compared with experimental data to validate the model. Parametric studies were then performed for a concrete block with a reinforcing FRP laminate partially covering one surface. The results showed that changing temperature gradient affects the moisture distribution considerably. This effect was found particularly significant at the concrete/FRP interface where a drastic change in local temperature gradient is present. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Khoshbakht, Mehran; Lin, Mark W.] Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Feickert, Carl A.] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Khoshbakht, M (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM mehran.khoshbakht@honeywell.com FU US Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory [DACA42-01-R-0009, OSP-01-05-30537-001] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the US Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory through research Grant DACA42-01-R-0009, subcontract OSP-01-05-30537-001. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-874X J9 FINITE ELEM ANAL DES JI Finite Elem. Anal. Des. PD JUN-JUL PY 2009 VL 45 IS 8-9 BP 511 EP 518 DI 10.1016/j.finel.2009.02.007 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA 450LL UT WOS:000266401900004 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Pitcher, JD Adams, SC Temple, HT AF Potter, Benjamin K. Pitcher, J. David, Jr. Adams, Sheila C. Temple, H. Thomas TI Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Foot SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Risk Factors; Foot; Unplanned Excision ID EPITHELIOMA CUNICULATUM PLANTARE; SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMAS; CHRONIC OSTEOMYELITIS; VERRUCOUS CARCINOMA; EPIDERMOLYSIS-BULLOSA; BOWENS DISEASE; SKIN; TOE; POROKERATOSIS; LESIONS AB Background: Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the foot are relatively common, but have been infrequently reported in the orthopaedic literature. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with SCC of the foot treated at a single institution from 1998 to 2005 were studied retrospectively with regard to risk factors for the disease, treatment, and functional and oncologic outcomes. The mean duration of postoperative followup was 43 (range, 24 to 105) months. Results: Eight of the 12 patients had identifiable risk factors for SCC. Inadequate or inappropriate procedures had been previously performed in eight of the 12 cases, requiring more aggressive definitive treatment in at least four cases. Definitive operative treatment consisted of wide excision (4 patients), partial or complete toe amputation (4), partial foot amputation (3), and transtibial amputation (1). Two patients developed local recurrence of disease, and both ultimately required Syme amputations for local control. One patient with local recurrence died of metastatic disease and the other I I patients are alive without evident disease. Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional scores averaged 911 and were good or excellent in nine of the 11 surviving patients. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinomas of the foot are likely underreported and frequently subject to inappropriate initial treatment. Most patients have identifiable risk factors for SCC that can aid in formulating an appropriate differential diagnosis. Despite frequent suboptimal initial treatment, most patients are candidates for complete or partial limb salvage, with generally good oncologic and functional outcomes expected. C1 [Potter, Benjamin K.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Integrated Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Potter, Benjamin K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. [Pitcher, J. David, Jr.; Adams, Sheila C.; Temple, H. Thomas] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Potter, BK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Integrated Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Clin 5A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM bkylepotter@hotmail.com OI Potter, MD, Benjamin K./0000-0002-8771-0317 NR 76 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1071-1007 EI 1944-7876 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 30 IS 6 BP 517 EP 523 DI 10.3113/FAI.2009.0517 PG 7 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 454IR UT WOS:000266676100009 PM 19486629 ER PT J AU Douglas, TA Walsh, ME Jones, AM Trainor, TP McGrath, CJ Weiss, CA AF Douglas, Thomas A. Walsh, Marianne E. Jones, Ashley M. Trainor, Thomas P. McGrath, Christian J. Weiss, Charles A. TI Interactions between nitroaromatic (TNT) and nitramine (RDX) explosives and pure minerals SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th Annual VM Goldschmidt Conference CY JUN 21, 2009 CL Davos, SWITZERLAND C1 [Douglas, Thomas A.] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. [Walsh, Marianne E.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Jones, Ashley M.; Trainor, Thomas P.] Univ Alaska, Dept Chem, Fairbanks, AK 99707 USA. [McGrath, Christian J.] Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Weiss, Charles A.] Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Thomas.A.Douglas@usace.army.mil; Marianne.E.Walsh@usace.army.mil; fsamj3@uaf.edu; fftpt@uaf.edu; Christian.J.McGrath@usace.army.mil; Charles.A.Weiss@usace.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JUN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 13 BP A303 EP A303 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 460YS UT WOS:000267229900618 ER PT J AU Watts, S AF Watts, Sean TI Reciprocity and the Law of War SO HARVARD INTERNATIONAL LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW; VIENNA CONVENTION; HUMAN-RIGHTS; TREATIES; EVOLUTION; COURT; FORCE AB This Article examines how the principle of reciprocity operates within the international lato of war. Tracing the historical development and application of the law, the Article demonstrates that the existing law of war derives from a set of rules that are contingent on reciprocity, Contrary to common understanding, reciprocity strongly influences states' interpretation and application of the law of war. The Article first identifies an obligational component of reciprocity that restricts operation of the law to contests between parties with parallel legal commitments. Second, the Article identifies an observational component of the Principle of reciprocity that permits parties to suspend or terminate observance when confronted with breach. Although the principle of reciprocity was softened by late twentieth century legal instruments, it continues to form a critical component of the law of war and guides both pragmatic and theoretical discourse. Regardless of normative conclusions about reciprocity as a precondition to application of the law, the Article's reciprocity-cognizant framework for understanding the law of war provides a useful platform for reform efforts. C1 [Watts, Sean] Creighton Univ, Sch Law, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Watts, Sean] USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Army Reserve DIMA, Washington, DC USA. RP Watts, S (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Sch Law, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. NR 181 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVARD LAW SCHOOL PI CAMBRIDGE PA PUBLICATIONS CTR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0017-8063 J9 HARVARD INT LAW J JI Harv. Int. Law J. PD SUM PY 2009 VL 50 IS 2 BP 365 EP 434 PG 70 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 472KQ UT WOS:000268130100004 ER PT J AU Harrison, S Neuschwander-Tetri, B Brunt, E AF Harrison, Stephen Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent Brunt, Elizabeth TI Orlistat for Overweight Subjects with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Reply SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Harrison, Stephen] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Neuschwander-Tetri, Brent] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, St Louis, MO USA. [Brunt, Elizabeth] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Mol Pathol, St Louis, MO USA. RP Harrison, S (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JUN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 6 BP 2127 EP 2128 DI 10.1002/hep.22968 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 456KY UT WOS:000266846400043 ER PT J AU Wortzel, LM AF Wortzel, Larry M. TI A History of the Modern Chinese Army SO HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review C1 [Wortzel, Larry M.] USA, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0018-2370 EI 1540-6563 J9 HISTORIAN JI Historian PD SUM PY 2009 VL 71 IS 2 BP 392 EP 394 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 454TV UT WOS:000266706500044 ER PT J AU Scott, JT Stanley, JK Doyle, RD Forbes, MG Brooks, BW AF Scott, J. Thad Stanley, Jacob K. Doyle, Robert D. Forbes, Margaret G. Brooks, Bryan W. TI River-reservoir transition zones are nitrogen fixation hot spots regardless of ecosystem trophic state SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Reservoir limnology; Acetylene reduction; Cyanobacteria; N:P ratio; Reservoir zonation ID NUTRIENT LIMITATION; N-2 FIXATION; FRESH-WATER; PHOSPHORUS; LAKES; PHYTOPLANKTON; WETLAND; DENITRIFICATION; REDUCTION; GRADIENT AB Reservoir hydrodynamics may create heterogeneity in nitrogen (N) fixation along the riverine-transition-lacustrine gradient. In particular, N fixation may be highest in reservoir transition zones where phytoplankton biomass is also expected to be relatively high. We investigated spatial patterns of N fixation in three Texas (USA) reservoirs of varying trophic state. We sampled 6-9 stations along the longitudinal axes of the major inflows and measured N fixation using the acetylene reduction method. Total N, total phosphorus (P), and algal biomass (as chlorophyll-a) were also measured at each sample location. Measurable N fixation was observed in all reservoirs and was light-dependent. Nitrogen fixation was consistently low in the riverine zone, highest in the transition zone, and low in lacustrine zone of all reservoirs. The absolute magnitude of N fixation was similar in two relatively unproductive reservoirs and an order of magnitude higher in the eutrophic reservoir. A similar pattern was observed in mean nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations among reservoirs. However, chlorophyll-a concentrations were highest in the riverine zone of each reservoir and exhibited a monotonic decrease in the downstream direction. Maximum chlorophyll-a concentrations did not coincide with maximum N fixation rates. Results of our study indicate that reservoir transition zones can be biogeochemical hot spots for planktonic N fixation, regardless of trophic state. Therefore, transition zones may be the most at risk locations for water quality degradation associated with increased reservoir productivity. Water quality managers and aquatic scientists should consider the spatial heterogeneity imposed by unique hydrodynamic controls in reservoir ecosystems. C1 [Scott, J. Thad] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Stanley, Jacob K.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Doyle, Robert D.; Forbes, Margaret G.; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Ctr Reservoir & Aquat Syst Res, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Scott, JT (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM jts004@uark.edu RI Brooks, Bryan/B-2612-2010; Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014 OI Brooks, Bryan/0000-0002-6277-9852; FU City of Waco; Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) FX This work was supported by a grant from the City of Waco to R. Doyle and from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) to B. Brooks and R. Doyle. The Texas Institute for Applied Environmental Research (TIAER) and TCEQ provided long-term nitrate concentration data on reservoirs. The authors thank S. Williams, E. Martin, and B. Fulton for their assistance with field and laboratory efforts. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD JUN PY 2009 VL 625 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1007/s10750-008-9696-2 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 417TQ UT WOS:000264101800004 ER PT J AU Mait, JN Wikner, DA Mirotznik, MS van der Gracht, J Behrmann, GP Good, BL Mathews, SA AF Mait, Joseph N. Wikner, David A. Mirotznik, Mark S. van der Gracht, Joseph Behrmann, Gregory P. Good, Brandon L. Mathews, Scott A. TI 94-GHz Imager With Extended Depth of Field SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE Computational imaging; extended depth of field; millimeter wave imaging ID WAVE; SYSTEMS AB We describe a computational imaging technique to extend the depth-of-field of a 94-GHz imaging system. The technique uses a cubic phase element in the pupil plane of the system to render system operation relatively insensitive to object distance. However, the cubic phase element also introduces aberrations but, since these are fixed and known, we remove them using post-detection signal processing. We present experimental results that validate system performance and indicate a greater than four-fold increase in depth-of-field from 17 '' to greater than 68 ''. C1 [Mait, Joseph N.; Wikner, David A.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Mirotznik, Mark S.; Behrmann, Gregory P.; Good, Brandon L.; Mathews, Scott A.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [van der Gracht, Joseph] Holospex, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. RP Mait, JN (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jmait@arl.army.mil NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1713 EP 1719 DI 10.1109/TAP.2009.2019882 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 455QP UT WOS:000266778200016 ER PT J AU Toonen, RC Benz, SP AF Toonen, Ryan C. Benz, Samuel P. TI Nonlinear Behavior of Electronic Components Characterized With Precision Multitones From a Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 17-22, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP ATI Wah Chang, Coalit Commercial Applicat Superconductors, CryoZone, GE Global Res Ctr, IEEE Council Superconductiv, IEEE Magnet Soc, PHPK Technologies, SuperPower Inc, Teax Ctr Superconductiv, Univ Houston DE Harmonic distortion; intermodulation distortion; Josephson arrays; signal generators ID DISTORTION; RADIOS AB We have extended the application of quantum-based electrical standards from single frequency calibrations to multi-tone tests that can be used to characterize the nonlinear behavior of electronic components and circuits. Specifically, we have used a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer to generate highly accurate, two-tone waveforms having center frequencies ranging from 10 kHz to 1 MHz. These waveforms have unprecedented spectral purity because they are constructed from perfectly quantized voltage pulses. Using this measurement system, we have characterized the intermodulation distortion properties of a highly linear amplifier used in metrological applications. Additionally, we have shown that these test signals can be upconverted to microwave frequencies, so that they may be used to characterize the nonlinearities of RF and microwave components. C1 [Toonen, Ryan C.; Benz, Samuel P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Quantum Voltage Project, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP Toonen, RC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Act Thin Films Team, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM ryan.toonen@arl.army.mil; benz@boulder.nist.gov NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 19 IS 3 BP 715 EP 718 DI 10.1109/TASC.2009.2019051 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 474KK UT WOS:000268282000136 ER PT J AU Balachandran, S Hartwig, KT Baars, DC Mathaudhu, SN Bieler, TR Pyon, T Barber, RE AF Balachandran, Shreyas Hartwig, Karl T. Baars, Derek C. Mathaudhu, Suveen N. Bieler, Thomas R. Pyon, Tae Barber, Robert E. TI Fabrication of Tantalum Sheet for Superconductor Diffusion Barriers SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Codeformation; diffusion barriers; ECAE; fine grains and tantalum; uniform microstructure ID INTERFACE AB Poor deformation behavior of commercial Ta sheet used for Sn diffusion barriers in multifilamentary Nb(3)Sn superconductors leads to excessive Ta-Cu interface roughening and the use of a thick Ta layer to overcome layer fracture. The problem stems from three factors: Ta strain hardens faster and to a much higher flow stress than Cu, pure Cu is adjacent to Ta, and the Ta sheet microstructure is non-uniform and non-optimum. The objective of our work is to fabricate Ta sheet with improved deformation behavior over present day commercial Ta sheet. The hypothesis is that a uniform, fine-grained, and well-textured sheet with a preferred orientation will have better codeformation characteristics. To test this thinking, 25 mm square cross-section bars of Ta were deformed by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) to strains of nine, sliced in half, annealed to various levels, and rolled to 0.5 mm thick sheet, and Cu-Ta monofilaments fabricated with the processed sheet. Experimental results and roughness measurements on the Ta layers indicate that severe plastic deformation (SPD) processed sheet shows better characteristics than commercial Ta layers. This results from the uniform microstructure and fine grains in precursor Ta sheet processed by SPD. C1 [Balachandran, Shreyas; Hartwig, Karl T.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Baars, Derek C.; Bieler, Thomas R.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mathaudhu, Suveen N.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Pyon, Tae] Luavata Waterbury Inc, Waterbury, CT 06704 USA. [Barber, Robert E.] Shear Form Inc, Bryan, TX 77801 USA. RP Balachandran, S (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM shreyas-b@tamu.edu; thartwig@tamu.edu; baarsder@egr.msu.edu; suveen.mathaudhu@arl.army.mil; bieler@egr.msu.edu; tae.pyon@luvata.com; rbarber@shearform.com RI Mathaudhu, Suveen/B-4192-2009 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER84073.] FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy SBIR Grant DE-FG02-04ER84073. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1051-8223 J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 19 IS 3 BP 2606 EP 2609 DI 10.1109/TASC.2009.2018153 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA 474KM UT WOS:000268282200017 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Blum, RS Sadler, BM AF Yang, Yang Blum, Rick S. Sadler, Brian M. TI Energy-Efficient Routing for Signal Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Information Processing Sensor Networks CY APR 25-27, 2007 CL Cambridge, MA SP ACM SIGBED, IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Combinatorial optimization; constrained shortest path; energy efficiency; Lagrangian relaxation; Neyman-Pearson criterion; parametric shortest path; routing; signal detection; wireless sensor networks ID SHORTEST-PATH PROBLEM; DISTRIBUTED DETECTION; MULTIPLE SENSORS; ALGORITHM; FUNDAMENTALS AB For many envisioned applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the information processing involves dealing with distributed data in the context of accurate signal detection and energy-efficient routing, which have been active research topics for many years, respectively. In this paper, we relate these two aspects via joint optimization. Considering the scenario of using distributed radar-like sensors to detect the presence of an object through active sensing, we formulate the problem of energy-efficient routing for signal detection under the Neyman-Pearson criterion, apparently for the first time. The joint optimization of detection and routing is carried out in a fusion center which precomputes the routes as a function of the geographic location to be monitored. Accordingly, we propose three different routing metrics that aim at an appropriate tradeoff between the detection performance and the energy expenditure. In particular, each metric relates the detection performance explicitly in terms of probabilities of detection and false alarm, with the energy consumed in sensing and routing. The routing problems are formulated as combinatorial optimization programs, and we provide solutions drawing on operations research. We present extensive simulation results that demonstrate the energy and detection performance tradeoffs for each proposed routing metric. C1 [Yang, Yang; Blum, Rick S.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM yay204@lehigh.edu; rblum@ece.lehigh.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 52 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 57 IS 6 BP 2050 EP 2063 DI 10.1109/TSP.2009.2014814 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 449LX UT WOS:000266333200002 ER PT J AU Katos, AM Conti, M Moran, TS Chon, TW Gordon, RK Sciuto, AM Doctor, BP Nambiar, MP AF Katos, Alexandre M. Conti, Michele Moran, Theodore S. Chon, Thomas W. Gordon, Richard K. Sciuto, Alfred M. Doctor, Bhupendra P. Nambiar, Madhusoodana P. TI Acute microinstillation inhalation exposure to soman induces changes in respiratory dynamics and functions in guinea pigs SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acetylcholinesterase; organophosphates; soman; microinstillation; respiratory system; pulmonary injury; chemical warfare nerve agents; guinea pig barometric plethysmography; lung resistance ID SUBWAY SARIN ATTACK; WHOLE-BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; NERVE AGENT-VX; TOKYO SUBWAY; TISSUE CHOLINESTERASE; DISASTER MANAGEMENT; ANTIDOTAL TREATMENT; TOXICITY; RATS; CARBOXYLESTERASE AB We investigated the toxic effects of the chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) soman (GD) on the respiratory dynamics of guinea pigs following microinstillation inhalation exposure. Male Hartley guinea pigs were exposed to 841 mg/m(3) of GD or saline for 4 min. At 24 and 48 h post GD exposure, respiratory dynamics and functions were monitored for 75 min after 1 h of stabilization in a barometric whole-body plethysmograph. GD-exposed animals showed a significant increase in respiratory frequency (RF) at 24 h postexposure compared to saline controls. The 24-h tidal volume (TV) increased in GD-exposed animals during the last 45 min of the 75-min monitoring period in the barometric whole-body plethysmograph. Minute ventilation also increased significantly at 24h post GD exposure. The peak inspiratory flow (PIF) increased, whereas peak expiratory flow (PEF) decreased at 24 h and was erratic following GD exposure. Animals exposed to GD showed a significant decrease in expiratory (Te) and inspiratory time (Ti). Although end inspiratory pause (EIP) and end expiratory pause (EEP) were both decreased 24 h post GD exposure, EEP was more evident. Pause (P) decreased equally during the 75-min recording in GD-exposed animals, whereas the pseudo lung resistance (Penh) decreased initially during the monitoring period but was near control levels at the end of the 75-min period. The 48-h respiratory dynamics and function parameter were lower than 24 post GD exposures. These results indicate that inhalation exposure to soman in guinea pigs alters respiratory dynamics and function at 24 and 48 h postexposure. C1 [Katos, Alexandre M.; Conti, Michele; Moran, Theodore S.; Sciuto, Alfred M.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Med Toxicol Analyt Toxicol Div, Edgewater, MD USA. [Chon, Thomas W.; Gordon, Richard K.; Doctor, Bhupendra P.; Nambiar, Madhusoodana P.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Nambiar, Madhusoodana P.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Nambiar, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Brain Dysfunct & Blast Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Madhusoodana.nambiar@amedd.army.mil FU U.S. Army and Defense of Threat Reduction Agency FX We thank the Medical Research and Materiel Command of the U.S. Army and Defense of Threat Reduction Agency for funding. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Army, Navy, or Department of Defense. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 21 IS 5-7 BP 648 EP 657 DI 10.1080/08958370802331217 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 478GX UT WOS:000268576900026 ER PT J AU Echevarria, AJ AF Echevarria, Antulio J., II TI Clausewitz's Puzzle: The Political Theory of War SO INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Echevarria, Antulio J., II] USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Echevarria, AJ (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SIMON FRASER UNIV, INT HISTORY REVIEW PI BURNABY PA EAA 2015, BURNABY, BC V5A 1S6, CANADA SN 0707-5332 J9 INT HIST REV JI Int. Hist. Rev. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 31 IS 2 BP 467 EP 468 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 466BS UT WOS:000267636200065 ER PT J AU Anderson, CE Orphal, DL Behner, T Templeton, DW AF Anderson, Charles E., Jr. Orphal, Dennis L. Behner, Thilo Templeton, Douglas W. TI Failure and penetration response of borosilicate glass during short-rod impact SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Failure wave; Failure front; Damage propagation; Borosilicate glass; Rod impact ID WAVE AB A series of reverse ballistic experiments reveal further properties of the failure front (FF) associated with the penetration of borosilicate glass by a gold rod. Importantly, the FF ceases to propagate a short time after the rod is fully eroded. The rods, 1 mm in diameter, were short (5-11 mm). The glass targets were 20-mm diameter cylinders, 60-mm or 100-mm long. Impact velocities varied between 1 and 2 km/s. The impact and penetration process was observed with five flash X-rays and a 16-frame high-speed optical camera. A FF propagates from the impact region. The velocity of FF propagation is an increasing function of the impact velocity. The termination of the FF can reasonably be predicted in most cases with a simple model that assumes a rarefaction wave, originating at the time of complete rod erosion, propagates from the bottom of the penetration channel to the FF at a speed equal to the bulk wave speed of undamaged glass. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Anderson, Charles E., Jr.] SW Res Inst, Engn Dynam Dept, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. [Orphal, Dennis L.] Int Res Associates Inc, Pleasanton, CA 94566 USA. [Behner, Thilo] Fraunhofer Inst Kurzzeitdynam Ernst Mach Inst, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Templeton, Douglas W.] USA, RDECOM, TACOM, AMST TR R, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Anderson, CE (reprint author), SW Res Inst, Engn Dynam Dept, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. EM canderson@swri.edu NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 36 IS 6 BP 789 EP 798 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.12.002 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 425OP UT WOS:000264647300004 ER PT J AU Sit, M Higgs, JB AF Sit, Michelle Higgs, Jay B. TI Non-Popliteal Synovial Rupture SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE synovium; cyst; rupture; shoulder ID SUPRAPATELLAR POUCH RUPTURE; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; SHOULDER JOINT; CYSTS; ELBOW; COMPLICATION; THROMBOSIS; SIGN AB The ruptured popliteal synovial cyst is a common complication of chronic knee arthritis. In contrast, non-popliteal synovial rupture is less well recognized and may present a diagnostic dilemma. We report an 81-year-old woman who presented with chest wall pain and ecchymosis. Ultrasonography of the shoulder region readily diagnosed a dissecting parasynovial cyst. She developed the unusual complication of contralateral recurrence. Literature review revealed a small but important set of non-popliteal synovial ruptures in the regions of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, spine, hip, knee, and ankle. Local swelling, inflammation, ecchymosis, and nerve impingement may mimic other conditions. Awareness of the clinical presentations and a high index of suspicion are required to avoid diagnostic confusion. Management data are limited to case reports of arthrocentesis, injection, and very rarely, surgery. C1 [Sit, Michelle; Higgs, Jay B.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Rheumatol Serv, San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Higgs, JB (reprint author), 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM jay.higgs@amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 185 EP 189 DI 10.1097/RHU.0b013e3181a628ab PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 455CY UT WOS:000266735700007 PM 19390451 ER PT J AU Narayan, J Nori, S Ramachandran, S Prater, JT AF Narayan, J. Nori, Sudhakar Ramachandran, S. Prater, J. T. TI The synthesis and magnetic properties of a nanostructured Ni-MgO system SO JOM LA English DT Article ID GRANULAR SOLIDS; PARTICLES; DEPENDENCE; COERCIVITY; NICKEL; OXIDES AB We have investigated the magnetic properties of the Ni-MgO system with an Ni concentration of 0.5 at.%. In asgrown crystals, Ni ions occupy substitutional Mg sites. Under these conditions the Ni-MgO system behaves as a perfect paramagnet. By using a controlled annealing treatment in a reducing atmosphere, we were able to induce clustering and form pure Ni precipitates in the nanometer size range. The size distribution of precipitates or nanodots is varied by changing annealing time and temperature. Magnetic properties of specimens ranging from perfect paramagnetic to ferromagnetic characteristics have been studied systematically to establish structure-property correlations. The spontaneous magnetization data for the samples, where Ni was precipitated randomly in MgO host, fits well to Bloch's T(3/2)-law and has been explained within the framework of spin wave theory predictions. C1 [Narayan, J.; Nori, Sudhakar; Ramachandran, S.; Prater, J. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, NSF Ctr Adv Mat & Smart Struct, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Prater, J. T.] USA, Div Mat Sci, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Narayan, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, NSF Ctr Adv Mat & Smart Struct, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM nsudhak@ncsu.edu RI Nori, Sudhakar/E-8111-2010; Narayan, Jagdish/D-1874-2009 NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD JUN PY 2009 VL 61 IS 6 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1007/s11837-009-0093-8 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 457EL UT WOS:000266911200014 ER PT J AU Raines, EF AF Raines, Edgar F., Jr. TI The Cold War US Army: Building Deterrence for Limited War SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Raines, Edgar F., Jr.] USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Raines, EF (reprint author), USA, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGANIZATION AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47408 USA SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 96 IS 1 BP 290 EP 290 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 460GI UT WOS:000267175800137 ER PT J AU Butrow, AB Buchanan, JH Tevault, DE AF Butrow, Ann B. Buchanan, James H. Tevault, David E. TI Vapor Pressure of Organophosphorus Nerve Agent Simulant Compounds SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID DIMETHYL METHYLPHOSPHONATE; ADSORPTION; CARBON AB The vapor pressures of four lower alkyl phosphonate compounds, dimethyl phosphonate (DMHP, CAS 868-85-9), dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP, CAS 756-79-6), diethyl methylphosphonate (DEMP, CAS 683-08-9), and diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP, CAS 1445-75-6), have been measured by complementary methods that allow data collection at ambient and high temperatures by use of gas saturation and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Kosolapoff (J. Chem. Soc. 1955, 2964-2965) reported vapor pressure data above 200 Pa for several of these compounds measured by use of isoteniscope, although the lowest data points were deemed to be "not trustworthy" by the author. Our report extends the low end of the measured data range by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude in pressure. Antoine correlations, normal boiling temperatures, temperature-dependent enthalpies of vaporization, and volatility have been derived based on the measured data reported herein. The advantages of using complementary methodology and measuring, as opposed to extrapolating, data have been demonstrated in this work. C1 [Butrow, Ann B.; Buchanan, James H.; Tevault, David E.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tevault, DE (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, AMSRD ECB RT, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM david.tevault@us.army.mil NR 24 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD JUN PY 2009 VL 54 IS 6 BP 1876 EP 1883 DI 10.1021/je8010024 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 458LC UT WOS:000267021200037 ER PT J AU Landau, ME Campbell, WW AF Landau, Mark E. Campbell, William W. TI Conduction Time for a 6-cm Segment of the Ulnar Nerve Across the Elbow: Reference Values for the 6-cm Conduction Time Test SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article CT AANEM Annual Conference 2005 CY SEP 21-24, 2005 CL Monterey, CA SP AANEM DE Ulnar neuropathy; Electrodiagnosis; Nerve conduction; Sensitivity; Specificity ID BODY-MASS INDEX; EXPERIMENTAL ERROR; MOTOR CONDUCTION; NEUROPATHY; VELOCITY; DISTANCE AB Current electrodiagnostic studies for Ulnar nerve mononeuropathy at the elbow have substandard sensitivity and specificity. Reference values for a novel, screening electrodiagnostic test for Ulnar nerve mononeuropathy at the elbow were obtained bilaterally from 72 subjects without any upper extremity signs or symptoms. The test used two, 3-cm straight line distances, one proximal, and one distal to the media] epicondyle to avoid a curvilinear measurement. The mean conduction times (CTE) were 1.16 +/- 0.16 milliseconds, 1.23 +/- 0.18 milliseconds, 1.33 +/- 0.24 milliseconds, for subjects 20 to 40, 40 to 60, and >60 years old, respectively. A CTE >1.50 milliseconds, >1.60 milliseconds, and >1.80 milliseconds for each age group would be considered abnormal conferring 98% specificity. The median side-to-side difference of CTE (CTE-diff) was 0.10 milliseconds with a range of 0.00 to 0.55 milliseconds. A CTE-diff >0.45 milliseconds has a specificity of 97%. Potential advantages to this method include straight-line measurement distances to reduce experimental error, and a distance less than 10 cut to improve lesion detection. C1 [Landau, Mark E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Campbell, William W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Landau, ME (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM mark.landau@us.army.mil NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0736-0258 J9 J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Clin. Neurophysiol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 3 BP 198 EP 200 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 455CP UT WOS:000266734700010 PM 19417686 ER PT J AU Windus, TL Bylaska, EJ Tsemekhman, K Andzelm, J Govind, N AF Windus, Theresa L. Bylaska, Eric J. Tsemekhman, Kiril Andzelm, Jan Govind, Niranjan TI Computational Nanoscience with NWChem SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL NANOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE NWChem; Density Functional Theory; Carbon Nanotubes; Properties ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; GAUSSIAN-TYPE BASIS; MGO(100) SURFACE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; EXCITED-STATES; GUEST-HOST; CLUSTERS AB The NWChem software as been used to examine many nanoscale systems and their properties over the years. In this paper, an overiew of the general capabilities of NWChem is given as well as more specific details on the planewave and Gaussian based density functional codes usually used for nanoscale investigations. Examples are given of the scientific literature using NWChem, as well as two case studies: (1) Band gaps in oxides using exact-exchange based exchange-correlation functionals with the planewave DFT module, (2) Optical properties of chromophores using the Gaussian based DFT module. C1 [Windus, Theresa L.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50014 USA. [Bylaska, Eric J.; Govind, Niranjan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Tsemekhman, Kiril] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Andzelm, Jan] Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Windus, TL (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50014 USA. RI Govind, Niranjan/D-1368-2011 FU NSF [OISE-0730114]; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL); Major Shared Resource Center (MSRC) FX Theresa L. Windus gratefully acknowledges NSF funding under grant OISE-0730114. The work at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO 1830 (Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory operations). The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by the Battelle Memorial Institute. The Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory operations are Supported by the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Jan Andzelni gratefully acknowledges computational resources of U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Major Shared Resource Center (MSRC) and help of Dr. Gary Kedziora in installing NWCHEM at AFRL MSRC Supercomputers. Eric J. Bylaska would like to acknowledge Support from the BES Geosciences and BES Nanoscale Science, Engineering and Technology programs of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. Niranjan Govind also acknowledges support from the EMSL Intramural Program 2008. NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI STEVENSON RANCH PA 25650 NORTH LEWIS WAY, STEVENSON RANCH, CA 91381-1439 USA SN 1546-1955 J9 J COMPUT THEOR NANOS JI J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 6 IS 6 BP 1297 EP 1304 DI 10.1166/jctn.2009.1178 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 441BU UT WOS:000265745100009 ER PT J AU Arnas, AO Boettner, DD Norberg, SA Tamm, G Whipple, JR AF Arnas, A. Oezer Boettner, Daisie D. Norberg, Seth A. Tamm, Gunnar Whipple, Jason R. TI On the Teaching of Performance Evaluation and Assessment of a Combined Cycle Cogeneration System SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Editorial Material DE cogeneration; combined cycle power stations; power engineering education AB Performance evaluation and assessment of combined cycle cogeneration systems are not taught well in academia. One reason is these parameters are scattered in the literature with each publication starting and ending at different stages. In many institutions professors do not discuss or even mention these topics, particularly from a second law perspective. When teaching combined cycle cogeneration systems to undergraduates, the professor should introduce pertinent parameters in a systematic fashion and discuss the usefulness and limitations of each parameter. Ultimately for a given situation, the student should be able to determine which parameters form the most appropriate basis for comparison when considering alternative designs. This paper provides two approaches, one based on energy (the first law of thermodynamics) and the other based on exergy (the second law of thermodynamics). These approaches are discussed with emphasis on the "precise" teaching of the subject matter to undergraduates. The intent is to make coverage of the combined cycle cogeneration systems manageable so that professors can appropriately incorporate the topic into the curricula with relative ease. C1 [Arnas, A. Oezer; Boettner, Daisie D.; Norberg, Seth A.; Tamm, Gunnar; Whipple, Jason R.] US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Arnas, AO (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM ozer.arnas@usma.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0195-0738 J9 J ENERG RESOUR-ASME JI J. Energy Resour. Technol.-Trans. ASME PD JUN PY 2009 VL 131 IS 2 AR 025501 DI 10.1115/1.3124114 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels SC Energy & Fuels GA 451AC UT WOS:000266442100010 ER PT J AU Britzke, ER Loeb, SC Hobson, KA Romanek, CS Vonhof, MJ AF Britzke, Eric R. Loeb, Susan C. Hobson, Keith A. Romanek, Christopher S. Vonhof, Maarten J. TI USING HYDROGEN ISOTOPES TO ASSIGN ORIGINS OF BATS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE bats; interspecific variation; intraspecific variation; Lasiurus borealis; migration; Myotis lucifugus; Myotis septentrionalis; Myotis sodalis; stable hydrogen isotope analysis ID STABLE-HYDROGEN; NORTH-AMERICA; MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY; MYOTIS-SODALIS; BROWN BAT; GEOGRAPHIC ASSIGNMENT; WINTERING GROUNDS; ANIMAL MOVEMENT; WIND TURBINES; FEATHERS AB Stable hydrogen isotopes (delta Ds) in metabolically inert tissues such as feathers and hair provide a set of endogenous markers that may be useful for establishing migratory connectivity in animals. We tested the assumption of a clear relationship between delta D values of growing-season-weighted average precipitation (delta D(p)) derived from 2 geographic information system (GIS) models or latitude (LAT) and delta D values in bat hair (delta D(h)), and examined intra- and interspecific variation in delta D(h) of 4 bat species in the eastern United States. We analyzed 251 hair samples from 1 long-distance migrant (eastern red bat [Lasiurus borealis]) and 3 regional migrants (Indiana bat [Myotis sodalis], northern long-eared bat [M. septentrionalis], and little brown bat [M. lucifugus]) captured during the reproductive period (pregnancy and lactation) when bats are resident. LAT explained more of the variation in delta D(h) than delta D(p) derived from either of the GIS-based models, although 1 model of delta D(p) performed better for some species. We found significant intraspecific differences in the relationships between delta D(h) and LAT and between delta D(h) and estimates of delta D(p) derived from Bowen et al. (delta D(pB)) for L. borealis, and significant variation in the regression equations of delta D(h) and LAT and delta D(h) and delta D(p) among species for adult females and adult males. Stable hydrogen isotope analysis may be a valuable tool for studying migratory connectivity in bats, but significant intra- and interspecific variation in delta D(h) values suggests that pooling across sex and age categories and use of surrogate species should be avoided. C1 [Britzke, Eric R.] USA Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39056 USA. [Loeb, Susan C.] Clemson Univ, So Res Stn, US Forest Serv, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Hobson, Keith A.] Environm Canada, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada. [Romanek, Christopher S.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Vonhof, Maarten J.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Britzke, ER (reprint author), USA Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39056 USA. EM eric.r.britzke@usace.army.mil NR 55 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 15 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 90 IS 3 BP 743 EP 751 DI 10.1644/08-MAMM-A-211R2.1 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 457SH UT WOS:000266952900023 ER PT J AU Cote, CK Bozue, J Twenhafel, N Welkos, SL AF Cote, C. K. Bozue, J. Twenhafel, N. Welkos, S. L. TI Effects of altering the germination potential of Bacillus anthracis spores by exogenous means in a mouse model SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS; IN-VIVO; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; GUINEA-PIGS; MACROPHAGES; PATHOGENESIS; INFECTION; LETHAL; DISSEMINATION AB Inhalational anthrax is the most severe form of anthrax. It has been shown in small-animal and non-human primate models that relatively large pools of ungerminated Bacillus anthracis spores can remain within the alveolar spaces for days to weeks post-inhalation or until transported to areas more favourable for germination and bacillary outgrowth. In this study, spores of the Ames strain that were exposed to germination-inducing media prior to intranasal delivery were significantly less infectious than spores delivered in either water or germination-inhibitory medium. The effect of manipulating the germination potential of these spores within the lungs of infected mice by exogenous germination-altering media was examined. The data suggested that neither inducing germination nor inhibiting germination of spores within the lungs protected mice from the ensuing infection. Germination-altering strategies could, instead, significantly increase the severity of disease in a mouse model of inhalational anthrax when implemented in vivo. It was shown that germination-altering strategies, in this study, were not beneficial to the infected host and are impractical as in vivo countermeasures. C1 [Cote, C. K.; Bozue, J.; Welkos, S. L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD USA. [Twenhafel, N.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Frederick, MD USA. RP Cote, CK (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD USA. EM Christopher.cote2@us.army.mil FU Department of the Army [92492]; US Army FX The authors would like to thank Ms Diana Fisher for her expert statistical analyses. The research described herein was sponsored by an In-House Laboratory Innovative Research Award from the Department of the Army under project 92492, awarded to C. K. C. Opinions, interpretations, Conclusions and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the US Army. Research was conducted under an approved animal protocol in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and other federal statutes regulations relating to animals and experiments involving and animals and adheres to the principles stated in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Research Council (1996). The facility where this research was conducted is fully accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International. NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 58 IS 6 BP 816 EP 825 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.008656-0 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 453MY UT WOS:000266615900017 PM 19429760 ER PT J AU Jenkins, AL Worsham, PL Welkos, SL AF Jenkins, Amy L. Worsham, Patricia L. Welkos, Susan L. TI A strategy to verify the absence of the pgm locus in Yersinia pestis strain candidates for select agent exemption SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; Pgm locus; Polymerase chain reaction; Select agent rules ID IRP2 GENE; PIGMENTATION; VIRULENCE; DELETION; PLAGUE; IRON; MUTANTS AB Yersinia pestis is a Department of Health and Human Services select agent as defined in federal regulations. Certain attenuated strains of Y. pestis, such as the pgm(-) strain, are exempt from these regulations. Herein we describe a strategy to verify the absence of the pgm locus in Y pestis strains being considered as candidates for select agent exemption by PCR analysis of virulence-associated genes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jenkins, Amy L.; Worsham, Patricia L.; Welkos, Susan L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Welkos, SL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM susan.welkos@amedd.army.mil FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at USAMRIID; JSTO-CBD/DTRA [1.1A0010-07-RDB] FX This research was performed while the author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at USAMRIID. The research described in this paper was supported by JSTO-CBD/DTRA project #1.1A0010-07-RDB. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U.S. Army. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JUN PY 2009 VL 77 IS 3 BP 316 EP 319 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2009.02.013 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 459EQ UT WOS:000267084000010 PM 19281840 ER PT J AU Kochanek, PM Bauman, RA Long, JB Dixon, CE Jenkins, LW AF Kochanek, Patrick M. Bauman, Richard A. Long, Joseph B. Dixon, C. Edward Jenkins, Larry W. TI A Critical Problem Begging for New Insight and New Therapies Introduction SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; CASUALTIES; CARE; IRAQ; WAR C1 [Kochanek, Patrick M.; Dixon, C. Edward; Jenkins, Larry W.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Kochanek, Patrick M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Dixon, C. Edward; Jenkins, Larry W.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Bauman, Richard A.; Long, Joseph B.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kochanek, PM (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Safar Ctr Resuscitat Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RI Kochanek, Patrick/D-2371-2015 OI Kochanek, Patrick/0000-0002-2627-913X FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 30318, NS 38087, NS 42648, T32 NS 07485-06] NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 6 BP 813 EP 814 DI 10.1089/neu.2008.0893 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 455OV UT WOS:000266773600001 PM 19514110 ER PT J AU Long, JB Bentley, TL Wessner, KA Cerone, C Sweeney, S Bauman, RA AF Long, Joseph B. Bentley, Timothy L. Wessner, Keith A. Cerone, Carolyn Sweeney, Sheena Bauman, Richard A. TI Blast Overpressure in Rats: Recreating a Battlefield Injury in the Laboratory SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Article DE axonal injury; blast; hemorrhage; learning and memory; protective vest; traumatic brain injury ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; PRESSURE; DEATH; AFGHANISTAN; CASUALTIES; IMPACT; WARS; IRAQ AB Blast injury to the brain is the predominant cause of neurotrauma in current military conflicts, and its etiology is largely undefined. Using a compression-driven shock tube to simulate blast effects, we assessed the physiological, neuropathological, and neurobehavioral consequences of airblast exposure, and also evaluated the effect of a Kevlar (R) protective vest on acute mortality in rats and on the occurrence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in those that survived. This approach provides survivable blast conditions under which TBI can be studied. Striking neuropathological changes were caused by both 126- and 147-kPa airblast exposures. The Kevlar vest, which encased the thorax and part of the abdomen, greatly reduced airblast mortality, and also ameliorated the widespread fiber degeneration that was prominent in brains of rats not protected by a vest during exposure to a 126-kPa airblast. This finding points to a significant contribution of the systemic effects of airblast to its brain injury pathophysiology. Airblast of this intensity also disrupted neurologic and neurobehavioral performance (e. g., beam walking and spatial navigation acquisition in the Morris water maze). When immediately followed by hemorrhagic hypotension, with MAP maintained at 30 mm Hg, airblast disrupted cardiocompensatory resilience, as reflected by reduced peak shed blood volume, time to peak shed blood volume, and time to death. These findings demonstrate that shock tube-generated airblast can cause TBI in rats, in part through systemic mediation, and that the resulting brain injury significantly impacts acute cardiovascular homeostatic mechanisms as well as neurobehavioral function. C1 [Long, Joseph B.; Bentley, Timothy L.; Wessner, Keith A.; Cerone, Carolyn; Sweeney, Sheena; Bauman, Richard A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Long, JB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM joseph.long@amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 146 Z9 149 U1 1 U2 28 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 6 BP 827 EP 840 DI 10.1089/neu.2008.0748 PG 14 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 455OV UT WOS:000266773600003 PM 19397422 ER PT J AU Bauman, RA Ling, G Tong, L Januszkiewicz, A Agoston, D Delanerolle, N Kim, Y Ritzel, D Bell, R Ecklund, J Armonda, R Bandak, F Parks, S AF Bauman, Richard A. Ling, Geoffrey Tong, Lawrence Januszkiewicz, Adolph Agoston, Denes Delanerolle, Nihal Kim, Young Ritzel, Dave Bell, Randy Ecklund, James Armonda, Rocco Bandak, Faris Parks, Steven TI An Introductory Characterization of a Combat-Casualty-Care Relevant Swine Model of Closed Head Injury Resulting from Exposure to Explosive Blast SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Article DE blast tube; brain injury; explosive blast; free field; overpressure; vasospasm ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; BASIC-PROTEIN ISOFORMS; SHOCK-WAVES; RAT-BRAIN; PIG; RESUSCITATION; NEUROTRAUMA; HEMORRHAGE; INDUCTION; APOPTOSIS AB Explosive blast has been extensively used as a tactical weapon in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and more recently in Operation Enduring Freedom(OEF). The polytraumatic nature of blast injuries is evidence of their effectiveness, and brain injury is a frequent and debilitating form of this trauma. In-theater clinical observations of brain-injured casualties have shown that edema, intracranial hemorrhage, and vasospasm are the most salient pathophysiological characteristics of blast injury to the brain. Unfortunately, little is known about exactly how an explosion produces these sequelae as well as others that are less well documented. Consequently, the principal objective of the current report is to present a swine model of explosive blast injury to the brain. This model was developed during Phase I of the DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) PREVENT (Preventing Violent Explosive Neurotrauma) blast research program. A second objective is to present data that illustrate the capabilities of this model to study the proximal biomechanical causes and the resulting pathophysiological, biochemical, neuropathological, and neurological consequences of explosive blast injury to the swine brain. In the concluding section of this article, the advantages and limitations of the model are considered, explosive and air-overpressure models are compared, and the physical properties of an explosion are identified that potentially contributed to the in-theater closed head injuries resulting from explosions of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). C1 [Bauman, Richard A.; Januszkiewicz, Adolph] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Brain Dysfunct & Blast Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Ling, Geoffrey] DARPA, Arlington, VA USA. [Tong, Lawrence; Parks, Steven] ORA Inc, Fredericksburg, VA USA. [Agoston, Denes] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Bandak, Faris] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Delanerolle, Nihal] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat, New Haven, CT USA. [Kim, Young] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neuropathol, New Haven, CT USA. [Bell, Randy; Armonda, Rocco] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Ecklund, James] Inova Fairfax Hosp, Fairfax, VA USA. [Ritzel, Dave] DYNFX Consulting, Windsor, ON, Canada. RP Bauman, RA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Brain Dysfunct & Blast Injury, 502 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM richard.bauman@amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 131 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 32 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2009 VL 26 IS 6 BP 841 EP 860 DI 10.1089/neu.2008.0898 PG 20 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 455OV UT WOS:000266773600004 PM 19215189 ER PT J AU Arcidiacono, S Soares, JW Meehan, AM Marek, P Kirby, R AF Arcidiacono, Steven Soares, Jason W. Meehan, Alexa M. Marek, Patrick Kirby, Romy TI Membrane permeability and antimicrobial kinetics of cecropin P1 against Escherichia coli SO JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial peptide; cecropin P1; antimicrobial activity; lipopolysaccharide; membrane permeabilization; E. coli ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; OUTER-MEMBRANE; PHOSPHOLIPID-VESICLES; PEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS; CATIONIC PEPTIDES; ARGININE-RICH; PIG INTESTINE; ANTIBACTERIAL; BINDING; POLYMYXIN AB The interaction of cecropinP1 (CP1) with Escherichia coli was investigated to gain insight into the time-dependent antimicrobial action. Biophysical characterizations of CP1 with whole bacterial cells were performed using both fluorescent and colorimetric assays to investigate the role of membrane permeability and lipopolysaccharide (LIPS) binding in lytic behavior. The kinetics of CP1 growth inhibition assays indicated a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3 lam. Bactericidal kinetics at the MIC indicated rapid killing of E. coli (<30 min). Membrane permeability studies illustrated permeation as a time-dependent event. Maximum permeability at the MIC occurred within 30 min, which correlates to the bactericidal action. Further investigation showed that the immediate permeabilizing action of CP1 is concentration-dependent, which correlates to the concentration dependent nature of the inhibition assays. At the MIC and above, the immediate permeability was significant enough that the cells could not recover and exhibit growth. Below the MIC, immediate permeability was evident, but the level was insufficient to inhibit growth. Dansyl polymyxin B displacement studies showed LPS binding is essentially the same at all concentrations investigated. However, it does appear that only the immediate interaction is important, because binding continued to increase over time beyond cell viability. Our studies correlated CP1 bactericidal kinetics to membrane permeability suggesting CP1 concentration-dependent killing is driven by the extent of the immediate permeabilizing action of the peptide. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Arcidiacono, Steven; Soares, Jason W.; Meehan, Alexa M.; Kirby, Romy] USA, Biol Sci & Technol Team, Warfighter Sci Technol & Appl Res Directorate, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Marek, Patrick] USA, Performance Enhancement & Food Safety Team, Combat Feeding Directorate, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Arcidiacono, S (reprint author), USA, Biol Sci & Technol Team, Warfighter Sci Technol & Appl Res Directorate, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM steven.arcidiacono@us.army.mil FU [08-196] FX Authors thank Andre Senecal and Charlene Mello fortheir valuable discussions and Laurel Doherty for her assistance. This document has been approved for public release (PAO# 08-196). NR 31 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1075-2617 J9 J PEPT SCI JI J. Pept. Sci. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 15 IS 6 BP 398 EP 403 DI 10.1002/psc.1125 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 449OU UT WOS:000266340700002 PM 19308920 ER PT J AU Choma, TJ Miranda, J Siskey, R Baxter, R Steinbeck, MJ Kurtz, SM AF Choma, Theodore J. Miranda, Jose Siskey, Ryan Baxter, Ryan Steinbeck, Marla J. Kurtz, Steven M. TI Retrieval Analysis of a ProDisc-L Total Disc Replacement SO JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS & TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE total disc replacement; retrieval analysis; ProDisc; implant positioning ID ARTIFICIAL DISC; FAILURE AB Study Design: We retrieved a functioning ProDisc-L total disc replacement and associated tissues at 16 months of service life. Objective: To analyze a previously unreported mode of implant malpositioning, wear mechanisms, and polyethylene locking mechanism, and to study retrieved periprosthetic tissues. Summary of Background Data: The clinical performance of polyethylene in the context of total disc replacements remains poorly understood. In the ProDisc-L, the polyethylene core is fixed to the inferior metal endplate through a mechanical interference locking mechanism similar to those used in tibial total knee components. This case represents the third report of an explanted ProDisc-L prosthesis, and the first reported case of posterior malpositioning with this device. Methods: The implant was removed via a transperitoneal approach. Its polyethylene core was evaluated for burnishing, fracture, third-body abrasion, and permanent deformation. An identical, never-implanted set of polyethylene and endplate components served as controls for the microscopic evaluation of wear. Two tissue samples were collected from a region adjacent to the failed implant to evaluate tissue morphology and inflammation. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections were also evaluated for the presence of polyethylene debris by polarized light microscopy. Results: The implant was removed without serious incident, although there were incidental venotomies. The patient went on to solid arthrodesis. We found minimal wear, oxidation, and periprosthetic tissue reaction, as might be expected given the short-term duration of implantation and its reason for revision. No evidence was found of malfunction or improper deployment of the locking mechanism. Burnishing seemed to be the result of short-term impingement. Some areas of the tissue matrix showed evidence of early cell degeneration, and some of these areas contained polyethylene particles identified by polarized light microscopy. Conclusions: A larger series of implant retrievals will be needed to investigate possible wear and the biologic response to increased particle generation. C1 [Choma, Theodore J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. [Miranda, Jose] Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Ft Gordon, GA USA. [Siskey, Ryan; Baxter, Ryan; Steinbeck, Marla J.; Kurtz, Steven M.] Drexel Univ, Sch Biomed Engn Sci & Hlth Syst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Siskey, Ryan; Baxter, Ryan; Kurtz, Steven M.] Exponent Inc, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Choma, TJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Orthopaed Surg, 402 N Keene St,Ste 100, Columbia, MO 65212 USA. EM chomat@health.missouri.edu OI Choma, Theodore/0000-0002-9194-8563 FU Synthes Inc. FX Supported in part by a Research Grant from Synthes Inc. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1536-0652 J9 J SPINAL DISORD TECH JI J. Spinal Disord. Tech. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 22 IS 4 BP 290 EP 296 DI 10.1097/BSD.0b013e31816dd2b6 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 622LJ UT WOS:000279665000010 PM 19494750 ER PT J AU Parish, LE Rudisill, ME AF Parish, Loraine E. Rudisill, Mary E. TI Preschooler's physical activity response to three different motivational climates: Mastery, performance, and free play SO JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Parish, Loraine E.] USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Rudisill, Mary E.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 0895-2779 J9 J SPORT EXERCISE PSY JI J. Sport Exerc. Psychol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 31 BP S39 EP S39 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 463PV UT WOS:000267445000072 ER PT J AU Shoop, S Iagnemma, K Richter, L AF Shoop, Sally Iagnemma, Karl Richter, Lutz TI Special issue on terrain interaction for small robotic vehicles SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Shoop, Sally] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Iagnemma, Karl] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Richter, Lutz] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Space Syst, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. RP Shoop, S (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM sally.a.shoop@usace.army.mil; kdi@mit.edu; lutz.richter@dlr.de NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 46 IS 3 BP 65 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2009.04.001 PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 458DI UT WOS:000266993900001 ER PT J AU Lever, JH Shoop, SA Bernhard, RI AF Lever, J. H. Shoop, S. A. Bernhard, R. I. TI Design of lightweight robots for over-snow mobility SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article CT Annual Meeting of the Japanese-Society-for-Terramechanics CY JUN 23-26, 2007 CL Fairbanks, AK SP Japanese Soc Terrmechan AB Snowfields are challenging terrain for lightweight (<50 kg) ground robots. Deep sinkage, high snow-compaction resistance, traction loss while turning and ingestion of snow into the drive train call cause immobility within a few meters of travel. However, for suitably designed vehicles, deep snow offers a smooth, uniform terrain that can obliterate obstacles. Key requirements for good over-snow mobility are low ground pressure, large clearance relative to vehicle size and a drive system that tolerates moist, compactable snow. A small robot will invariably encounter deep snow relative to its ground clearance and thus must travel over the snow rather than gain support from the underlying surface. This can be accomplished using low-pressure tracks (<1.5 kPa). Even still, snow-compaction resistance can exceed 20% of vehicle weight. Also, despite relatively high traction coefficients for low track pressures, differential or skid steering is difficult because the outboard track call easily break traction as the vehicle attempts to turn against the snow. Short track lengths (relative to track separation) or coupled articulated robots offer steering solutions for deep snow. This paper presents guidance to design lightweight robots for good mobility over snow based on tests of two custom-designed over-snow robots, SnoBot and SnoBot-2, and driving experience with two commercially available robots, PackBot and Talon. Moreover, we used the present guidance to design SnoBot-2, and it displays excellent over-snow mobility. Because many other considerations constrain robot designs, this guidance can also help with development of winterization kits to improve the over-snow performance of existing robots. Published by Elsevier Ltd oil behalf of ISTVS. C1 [Lever, J. H.; Shoop, S. A.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engnineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Bernhard, R. I.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Lever, JH (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engnineer Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM james.h.jever@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 7 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 46 IS 3 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2008.11.003 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 458DI UT WOS:000266993900002 ER PT J AU Ray, LR Brande, DC Lever, JH AF Ray, Laura R. Brande, Devin C. Lever, James H. TI Estimation of net traction for differential-steered wheeled robots SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article CT Annual Meeting of the Japanese-Society-for-Terramechanics CY JUN 23-26, 2007 CL Fairbanks, AK SP Japanese Soc Terrmechan DE Terrain characterization; Mobile robots; Proprioceptive sensors; Vehicle-terrain interaction forces ID TIRE FORCE ESTIMATION AB We present a method for estimating the net traction and resistive wheel torques for a suspension less, differential-steered robot on rigid or deformable terrain. The method, based oil extended Kalman-Bucy filtering (EKBF), determines time histories of net traction and resistive wheel torques and wheel slips during steady or transient maneuvers. This method assumes good knowledge of the vehicle dynamics and treats the unknown forces and moments due to terrain response as random variables to be estimated. A proprioceptive sensor suite renders a subset of the unknown forces and associated wheel slip and slip angles observable. This methodology decouples semi-empirical terramechanics models from the net effect of the vehicle-terrain interaction, namely the net traction developed by the vehicle on the terrain. By collecting sensor data and processing data off-line, force-slip characteristics arc identified irrespective of the underlying terramechanics. These characteristics call in turn support development or validation of terramechanics models for the vehicle-terrain system. For autonomous robots, real-time estimates of force-slip characteristics can provide setpoints for traction and steering control, increasing vehicle performance, speed, and maneuverability. Finally, force-slip estimation is the first step in identifying terrain parameters during normal maneuvering. The methodology is demonstrated through both simulation and physical testing using a 13-kg robot. (C) 2008 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ray, Laura R.; Brande, Devin C.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Lever, James H.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Ray, LR (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, 8000 Cummings Hall, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM laura.e.ray@darmouth.edu NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 46 IS 3 BP 75 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2008.03.003 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 458DI UT WOS:000266993900003 ER PT J AU Nie, X Chen, WNW Wereszczak, AA Templeton, DW AF Nie, Xu Chen, Weinong W. Wereszczak, Andrew A. Templeton, Douglas W. TI Effect of Loading Rate and Surface Conditions on the Flexural Strength of Borosilicate Glass SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SODA-LIME GLASS; DYNAMIC COMPRESSIVE FAILURE; CERAMICS; ROUGHNESS; FATIGUE; DEPTH AB This study evaluates the loading rate and surface condition dependence of the flexural strength of a borosilicate glass. The glass specimens are subjected to three different surface treatments before four-point bending tests to study the effect of surface flaws. Quasistatic (Material Test System 810) and dynamic (Kolsky bar) experiments are performed at loading rates ranging from 0.7 to 4 x 10(6) MPa/s. The results show that the flexural strength of the borosilicate glass has a strong dependence on the loading rate. A chemically etched surface produces an enhanced flexural strength by about an order of magnitude. Scanning electron microscopy images on fracture surfaces indicate that the failure is governed by different types of flaws under different surface treatment conditions. Edge failure is also identified for samples possessing high flexural strength. C1 [Nie, Xu; Chen, Weinong W.] Purdue Univ, AAE Sch, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Nie, Xu; Chen, Weinong W.] Purdue Univ, MSE Sch, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wereszczak, Andrew A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Templeton, Douglas W.] USA, Tank & Automot Res & Dev, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Chen, WNW (reprint author), Purdue Univ, AAE Sch, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM wchen@purdue.edu RI Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911-05-1-0218]; WFO [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work was partially supported by the U.S. Army Research Office under Grant No. W911-05-1-0218 to Purdue University. Wereszczak was supported by WFO sponsor US Army Tank-Automotive Research, Development, and Engineering Center under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 EI 1551-2916 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 92 IS 6 BP 1287 EP 1295 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03019.x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 456TX UT WOS:000266875400020 ER PT J AU Buchheit, AA Hilmas, GE Fahrenholtz, WG Deason, DM AF Buchheit, Andrew A. Hilmas, Greg E. Fahrenholtz, William G. Deason, Douglas M. TI Thermal Shock Resistance of an AlN-BN-SiC Ceramic SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; INERT-MATRIX; BEHAVIOR; REINFORCEMENT; COMPOSITES; ALUMINA; FUEL AB Mechanical and thermal properties of AlN-BN-SiC (ABS) ceramics were used to calculate the R, R', and R '''' thermal shock parameters. The R parameter values ranged from similar to 400 degrees to 450 degrees C. Specimens were thermal shocked by water quenching and the critical quench temperatures (Delta T(C)) were compared with those of a baseline SiC composition. The behavior of the ABS was predicted by R parameter calculations while the behavior of the baseline material was predicted by the R' calculations due to its higher thermal conductivity (87 W. (m . K)(-1)) as compared with the ABS materials (87 W. (m . K)(-1)). The highest critical quench temperature for ABS was similar to 415 degrees C with the lowest at 360 degrees C, while the critical quench temperature for the baseline material was 450 degrees C. Using temperature dependent data over an appropriate temperature range (room temperature to the predicted DTC), the R parameters of the ABS materials were within 15 degrees C of predictions. The baseline material was similar to 1.7 times higher than predicted and this was attributed to the highthermal conductivity of the material resulting in soft thermal shock during quench testing. C1 [Hilmas, Greg E.; Fahrenholtz, William G.] Univ Missouri, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Buchheit, Andrew A.] Coorstek Inc, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Deason, Douglas M.] USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Hilmas, GE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM ghilmas@mst.edu OI Fahrenholtz, William/0000-0002-8497-0092 NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 92 IS 6 BP 1358 EP 1361 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03050.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 456TX UT WOS:000266875400032 ER PT J AU Kaufman, JA Rundback, JH Kee, ST Geerts, W Gillespie, D Kahn, SR Kearon, C Rectenwald, J Rogers, FB Stavropoulos, SW Streiff, M Vedantham, S Venbrux, A AF Kaufman, John A. Rundback, John H. Kee, Stephen T. Geerts, William Gillespie, David Kahn, Susan R. Kearon, Clive Rectenwald, John Rogers, Frederick B. Stavropoulos, S. William Streiff, Michael Vedantham, Suresh Venbrux, Anthony TI Development of a Research Agenda for Inferior Vena Cava Filters: Proceedings from a Multidisciplinary Research Consensus Panel SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; RECURRENT VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; ORAL ANTICOAGULANT-THERAPY; COAGULATION-FACTOR LEVELS; ACUTE PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; RISK-FACTORS; TRAUMA PATIENTS; FOLLOW-UP; POSTTHROMBOTIC SYNDROME; PROSPECTIVE COHORT C1 [Kaufman, John A.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dotter Intervent Inst, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Stavropoulos, S. William] Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Div Intervent Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kahn, Susan R.] Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish Hosp, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Community Studies, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Kahn, Susan R.] Sir Mortimer B Davis Jewish Hosp, Thrombosis Clin, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Rundback, John H.] Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, Dept Vasc & Intervent Radiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Kee, Stephen T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Geerts, William] Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Thromboembolism Program, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada. [Kearon, Clive] Henderson Res Ctr, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Kearon, Clive] McMaster Univ, Clin Thrombosis Serv, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Rogers, Frederick B.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Burlington, VT USA. [Rectenwald, John] Univ Michigan, Ctr Cardiovasc, Dept Surg, Vasc Surg Sect, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gillespie, David] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Gillespie, David] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Peripheral Vasc Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Venbrux, Anthony] George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Vedantham, Suresh] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol, St Louis, MO USA. [Streiff, Michael] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Kaufman, JA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dotter Intervent Inst, Mail Code L-605,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM kaufmajo@ohsu.edu OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 86 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 20 IS 6 BP 697 EP 707 DI 10.1016/j.jvir.2009.03.007 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 453YY UT WOS:000266650000001 PM 19465305 ER PT J AU Allen, AW Warren, MT AF Allen, Anthony W. Warren, Matthew T. TI Bacterial endocarditis presenting with unilateral renal artery occlusion treated with the Rinspirator Thrombus Removal System rinsing and thrombectomy device and suction thrombectomy SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS; INFARCTION; CT; DIAGNOSIS; FEATURES AB We report a 36-year-old man who presented with unilateral flank pain caused by renal artery occlusion with ischemia and infarction from septic emboli secondary to bacterial endocarditis. We treated the occlusion with a novel rinsing and aspiration device, the Rinspirator Thrombus Removal System (ev3, Plymouth, Minn) and suction thrombectomy, which resulted in significant revascularization of the kidney and relief of symptoms. Postprocedural imaging demonstrated marked improvement in renal vascularization, with only small areas of infarction. This technique may be useful in patients where the embolic material is chronic or thrombolytic agents are contraindicated. (J Vase Surg 2009;49:1585-7.) C1 [Allen, Anthony W.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol MCHE DR, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Allen, Anthony W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Allen, AW (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol MCHE DR, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM anthony.w.allen@amcdd.army.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1585 EP 1587 DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.01.0173 PG 3 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 454KO UT WOS:000266681000032 PM 19223140 ER PT J AU Kitchen, LW Lawrence, KL Coleman, RE AF Kitchen, Lynn W. Lawrence, Kendra L. Coleman, Russell E. TI The role of the United States military in the development of vector control products, including insect repellents, insecticides, and bed nets SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vector control; US military; bed nets; insect repellents; insecticides ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE COMPLEX; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; FIELD-EVALUATION; US MILITARY; PERSONAL PROTECTION; ENDURING FREEDOM; MALARIA VECTORS; IRAQI FREEDOM; DENGUE VIRUS; PERMETHRIN AB Arthropod-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, scrub typhus, and leishmaniasis continue to pose a significant threat to U. S. military forces deployed in support of operational and humanitarian missions. These diseases are transmitted by a variety of arthropods, including mosquitoes, ticks, chiggers, sand flies, and biting midges. In addition to disease threats, biting arthropods can cause dermatitis, allergic reactions, and sleep loss; therefore, monitoring of vector impact and integrated use of personal protective measures (PPM) and methods to reduce the vector populations are needed to protect service members. The U. S. military has played a vital role in vector identification tools and the development and testing of many of the most effective PPM and vector control products available today, including the topical repellent DEET and the repellent/insecticide permethrin, which is applied to clothing and bed nets. Efforts to develop superior products are ongoing. Although the U. S. military often needs vector control products with rather specific properties (e. g., undetectable, long-lasting in multiple climates) in order to protect its service members, many Department of Defense vector control products have had global impacts on endemic disease control. Journal of Vector Ecology 34 (1): 50-61. 2009. C1 [Kitchen, Lynn W.] USA, Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Lawrence, Kendra L.; Coleman, Russell E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Kitchen, LW (reprint author), USA, Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. FU U.S. Military Infectious Diseases Research Program (MIDRP) FX This review paper project was supported by the U.S. Military Infectious Diseases Research Program (MIDRP). The opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in this paper are the private views of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U. S. Army or Department of Defense. NR 72 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 EI 1948-7134 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 34 IS 1 BP 50 EP 61 DI 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2009.00007.x PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 531FY UT WOS:000272650400007 PM 20836805 ER PT J AU Arden, W Boosinger, T Carmichael, P Chaddock, M Christensen, C Coats, B Colby, L Douglas, J Fox, J Fuentealba, C Habtemarlam, T Hinchcliff, K Klausner, J Lloyd, J Lorenz, M Mintz, J Osburn, B Pappaloanou, M Reed, W Reid, S Roane, J Schurig, G Sirols, J Vroegindewey, G AF Arden, Warwick Boosinger, Timothy Carmichael, Paige Chaddock, Mike Christensen, Cary Coats, Barbara Colby, Lesley Douglas, Jeffrey Fox, James Fuentealba, Carmen Habtemarlam, Tsegaye Hinchcliff, Ken Klausner, Jeffrey Lloyd, James Lorenz, Michael Mintz, Joshua Osburn, Bennie Pappaloanou, Marguerite Reed, Willie Reid, Stuart Roane, John Schurig, Gerhard Sirols, Jean Vroegindewey, Gary CA AAVMC Strategic Planning Steering TI The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges Strategic Plan, 2010-2014 AAVMC Strategic Planning Steering Committee SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Arden, Warwick] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Boosinger, Timothy] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Carmichael, Paige] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Coats, Barbara] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Colby, Lesley] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fox, James] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Fuentealba, Carmen] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Habtemarlam, Tsegaye] Tuskegee Univ, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Hinchcliff, Ken] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Lloyd, James] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lorenz, Michael] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Osburn, Bennie] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Reed, Willie] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Reid, Stuart] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Sirols, Jean] Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Vroegindewey, Gary] USA, Vet Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Arden, W (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV TORONTO PRESS INC PI TORONTO PA JOURNALS DIVISION, 5201 DUFFERIN ST, DOWNSVIEW, TORONTO, ON M3H 5T8, CANADA SN 0748-321X J9 J VET MED EDUC JI J. Vet. Med. Educ. PD SUM PY 2009 VL 36 IS 2 BP 154 EP 157 PG 4 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Veterinary Sciences SC Education & Educational Research; Veterinary Sciences GA 475YA UT WOS:000268402200002 ER PT J AU Deem, SL Noss, AJ Fiorello, CV Manharth, AL Robbins, RG Karesh, WB AF Deem, Sharon L. Noss, Andrew J. Fiorello, Christine V. Manharth, Ann L. Robbins, Richard G. Karesh, William B. TI HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF FREE-RANGING THREE-BANDED (TOL YPEUTES MATACUS) AND NINE-BAN DED (DASYPUS NOVEMCINCTUS) ARMADILLOS IN THE GRAN CHACO, BOLIVIA SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Bolivia; three-banded armadillo; health assessment; hematology; nine-banded armadillo; parasites; plasma biochemical analyses; public health; serology ID GREY BROCKET DEER; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; MYCOBACTERIUM-LEPRAE; POPULATION; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; IXODIDAE; FLORIDA; LEPROSY; TICK AB The G ran Chaco, Bolivia, has a total of seven species of armadillos with the three-banded (Tolypeutes matacus) and nine-banded (Dusypus novemcinctus) the most commonly hunted by the local Isoseno-Guarani people. Armadillos are known carriers of zoonotic pathogens, including Mycobacterium leprae, Toxoplasma gondii, and Trypanosoma cruzi; thus human handling and consumption of these species may have it significant health impact. A health assessment that included physical examinations, hematology, plasma biochemical analyses, levels of exposure to selected infectious agents, and endoparasite and ectoparasite identification was performed on nine-banded and three-banded armadillos in the Gran Chaco, Bolivia. Based on clinical findings, the general health of these armadillos was rated as good. However, many of the nine-banded armadillos (64%) had abrasions and wounds, probably related to the capture method. The blood value results from a subset of these armadillos are presented as baseline values For free-ranging populations of both these species in Bolivia. Serologic antibody tests for M. leprae were negative in three-banded (n = 8) and nine-banded (n = 2) armadillos. Three-banded armadillos were antibody positive for Eastern equine encephalitis virus (8/8; 100%) and Saint Louis encephalitis virus (5/8; 62.5%). Two of 12 (16.7%) three-banded armadillos tested were antigen positive for Dirofilario immitis. Nine-banded armadillos were antibody positive for T. gondii (3/9; 33.3%), Eastern equine encephalitis virus (5/8; 62.5%), and T cruzi (2/9; 22.2%). Two of eight (25%) nine-banded armadillos were antigen positive for D. immitis, A number of endo- and ectoparasites were identified in/on both species of armadillos. Results from this study support the possibility that the handling and consumption of these species by the local Isoseno-Guarani people may have a public health impact. C1 [Deem, Sharon L.; Noss, Andrew J.; Fiorello, Christine V.; Karesh, William B.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. [Fiorello, Christine V.] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Manharth, Ann L.] Lincoln Pk Zoo, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Robbins, Richard G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Deem, SL (reprint author), St Louis Zoo, WildCare Inst, 1 Govt Dr, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM deem@stlzoo.org FU United States Agency for International Development [511-A-00-01-00005] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge V. Greco, K. C. Poppe, and L. J. Starr for help with sample processing and travel logistics; J. M. Kinsella and M. J. Linn for laboratory diagnostic support; R. W. Truman for comments on an early draft of this manuscript; and R. Villarroel and the biologists and parabiologists that helped with sample collection. The authors also thank the communities of the Isoso for their participation and support, and the Noel Kempff Mercado Natural History Museum for assistance with permits. This publication was made possible by financial support from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID, Cooperative Agreement No. 511-A-00-01-00005). The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the criteria of the United States Agency for International Development. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 40 IS 2 BP 245 EP 256 DI 10.1638/2007-0120.1 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 456YB UT WOS:000266889300001 PM 19569470 ER PT J AU Cukor, D Rosenthal, DS Jindal, RM Brown, CD Kimmel, PL AF Cukor, Daniel Rosenthal, Deborah S. Jindal, Rahul M. Brown, Clinton D. Kimmel, Paul L. TI Depression is an important contributor to low medication adherence in hemodialyzed patients and transplant recipients SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE adherence; depression; hemodialysis; transplantation ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; HEALTH LOCUS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE MEDICATION; RACIAL DISPARITIES; NONCOMPLIANCE; DIALYSIS; INTERVENTION; DIAGNOSIS AB End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a growing public health concern and non-adherence to treatment has been associated with poorer health outcomes in this population. Depression, likely to be the most common psychopathology in such patients, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We compared psychological measures and self-reported medication adherence of 94 kidney transplant recipients to those of 65 patients receiving hemodialysis in a major medical center in Brooklyn, New York. Compared to the transplant group, the hemodialysis cohort was significantly more depressed as determined by the Beck Depression Inventory score. They also had a significantly lower adherence to medication as reported on the Medication Therapy Adherence Scale. Using hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the variance in depression was the only statistically significant predictor of medication adherence beyond gender and mode of treatment, accounting for an additional 12% of the variance. Our study strongly suggests that a depressive affect is an important contributor to low medication adherence in patients with ESRD on hemodialysis or kidney transplant recipients. Kidney International (2009) 75, 1223-1229; doi:10.1038/ki.2009.51; published online 25 February 2009 C1 [Cukor, Daniel; Rosenthal, Deborah S.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Rosenthal, Deborah S.] Yeshiva Univ, Ferkauf Grad Sch Psychol, Bronx, NY USA. [Jindal, Rahul M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg & Organ Transplant Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Jindal, Rahul M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Brown, Clinton D.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Med, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Kimmel, Paul L.] George Washington Univ, Dept Med, Washington, DC USA. RP Cukor, D (reprint author), Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 450 Clarkson Ave,Box 1203, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. EM Daniel.Cukor@downstate.edu FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [K-23 (DK076980)] FX Dr Cukor is currently supported by a K-23 (DK076980) award from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. NR 56 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 75 IS 11 BP 1223 EP 1229 DI 10.1038/ki.2009.51 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 447YK UT WOS:000266227800015 PM 19242502 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, Edwin B. TI Island of Shame: The Secret History of the US Military Base on Diego Garcia SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin B.] Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 10 BP 115 EP 115 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 454CE UT WOS:000266658400169 ER PT J AU Stephenson, LD Kumar, A Bushman, JB Phull, B AF Stephenson, L. D. Kumar, Ashok Bushman, J. B. Phull, B. TI CASE HISTORIES Wireless Remote Monitoring of Cathodic Protection Systems SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article ID CORROSION AB Wireless monitoring technologies provide the ability to, acquire impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system performance data from remote locations Using modern-equipped personal computers. The technology can monitor the remote ICCP system's amperage, "instant-on" and "instant-off" potential in a central location, and provide personnel with immediate warnings of system problems. Case studies are presented for one Air Force and three Army installations, each with a different approach for the monitoring. C1 [Stephenson, L. D.] USA, Mat & Struct Branch, Corps Engineers, ERDC,CERL, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. [Bushman, J. B.; Phull, B.] Bushman & Associates Inc, Medina, OH 44256 USA. RP Stephenson, LD (reprint author), USA, Mat & Struct Branch, Corps Engineers, ERDC,CERL, POB 9005, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 48 IS 6 BP 36 EP 41 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 456MS UT WOS:000266851400009 ER PT J AU Martin, BE Chen, WN Song, B Akers, SA AF Martin, Bradley E. Chen, Weinong Song, Bo Akers, Stephen A. TI Moisture effects on the high strain-rate behavior of sand SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID SOFT SOILS AB The effects of moisture content on the high strain-rate mechanical properties of fine grain sand were characterized with a split-Hopkinson pressure bar. A controlled loading pulse allowed the sample to acquire stress equilibrium and a constant strain-rate of 400 s(-1). The sand specimen confined in a hardened steel tube, had a dry density of 1.50 g/cm(3) with moisture contents varied from 3% to 20% by weight. Experimental results indicate that partially saturated sand is more compressible than dry sand with the softest behavior observed at 7% moisture content. The softening of the partially saturated sand may occur due to the pore water acting as a lubricant between the sand particles. Similar trends were reported in the quasi-static regime for experiments conducted at comparable specimen conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Martin, Bradley E.] USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. [Chen, Weinong] Purdue Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Song, Bo] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Akers, Stephen A.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Martin, BE (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. EM bradley.martin@eglin.af.mil RI Song, Bo/D-3945-2011 FU DoE/DoD [DE-AC04-94AL8500]; Sandia Corporation FX This work was supported by the DoE/DoD TCG-XI through a Memorandum of Understanding with Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia supported this work through a grant with Purdue University. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL8500. This author appreciates the insightful conversations with Mr. Mark L. Green of the Air Force Research Laboratory. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 EI 1872-7743 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 6 SI SI BP 786 EP 798 DI 10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.01.014 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 452DC UT WOS:000266519000014 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Alemany, JA Tuckow, AP Kellogg, MD Sharp, MA Patton, JF AF Nindl, Bradley C. Alemany, Joseph A. Tuckow, Alexander P. Kellogg, Mark D. Sharp, Marilyn A. Patton, John F. TI Effects of Exercise Mode and Duration on 24-h IGF-I System Recovery Responses SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE IGFBP-1; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; AEROBIC EXERCISE; BINDING PROTEINS ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; HEAVY-RESISTANCE EXERCISE; BINDING PROTEIN-1; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; ENERGY-BALANCE; OLDER MEN; INSULIN; HORMONE; IGFBP-1 AB NINDL, B. C., J. A. ALEMANY, A. P. TUCKOW, M. D. KELLOGG, M. A. SHARP, and J. F. PATTON. Effects of Exercise Mode and Duration on 24-h IGF-I System Recovery Responses. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 1261-1270, 2009. Introduction: This study hypothesized that insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP), rather than insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) itself, would be more responsive to acute exercise stress in a dose-dependent fashion. Methods: Eight men (24 +/- 5 yr, 87 +/- 9 kg, 182 +/- 6 cm, 21 +/- 5% body fat) had blood drawn every 4 h after exercise for 24 h and assayed for IGF-I, IGFBP-1, -3, -6, the acid labile subunit (ALS), insulin, glucose, and nonesterified free fatty acids on five occasions: no exercise (control, C), moderate-duration resistance exercise (MDRE; 25, 5-10 repetition maximum (RM) sets), long-duration resistance exercise (LDRE; 50, 5-10 RM sets), moderate-duration aerobic exercise (MDAE; three 15-min cycling bouts at similar to 70% (V) over dotO(2peak)), and long-duration aerobic exercise (LDAE; six 15-min cycling bouts at similar to 70% (V) over dotO(2peak)). Energy requirements were determined from resting metabolic rate, age, and a physical activity factor. Dietary control was implemented by providing all meals during the experimental trials. A two-way ANOVA with repeated measures (P < 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. Results: Significant exercise effects were observed for IGFBP-1 (C: 14.0 +/- 2.7 < MDRE: 35.9 +/- 8.6 = LDRE: 45.2 +/- 10.6 = MDAE: 34.2 +/- 7.4 = LDAE: 47.0 +/- 11.8 ng.mL(-1)) and insulin (C: 26.0 +/- 9 < LDRE: 13.2 +/- 6 ng.mL(-1)). In addition, a dose-response relationship was observed for the IGFBP-1 response (long-duration exercise (46 +/- 10 ng.mL(-1)) > moderate-duration exercise (35 +/- 7 ng.mL(-1)). There were no exercise effects for total IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and ALS. Effects of time of day were observed for all variables except ALS. Conclusions: For the circulating IGF-I system components measured, only IGFBP-1 seems to be a sensitive biomarker capable of assessing the physiological strain of acute physical exercise. C1 [Nindl, Bradley C.; Alemany, Joseph A.; Tuckow, Alexander P.; Sharp, Marilyn A.; Patton, John F.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Kellogg, Mark D.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Nindl, BC (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Bradley.nindl@us.army.mil OI Kellogg, Mark/0000-0003-1868-2153 FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command, Fort Detrick, MD FX Disclosure of funding: The U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command, Fort Detrick, MD 21702. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1261 EP 1270 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318197125c PG 10 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 450JY UT WOS:000266398000015 PM 19461539 ER PT J AU Kenefick, RW Ely, BR Cheuvront, SN Palombo, LJ Goodman, DA Sawka, MN AF Kenefick, Robert W. Ely, Brett R. Cheuvront, Samuel N. Palombo, Laura J. Goodman, Daniel A. Sawka, Michael N. TI Prior Heat Stress: Effect on Subsequent 15-min Time Trial Performance in the Heat SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE HEAT STRAIN; RECOVERY; FATIGUE; WORK IN THE HEAT; DEHYDRATION; METHODOLOGY; SUBSEQUENT EXERCISE ID CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; HYPOHYDRATION; HYPERTHERMIA; WORK; DEHYDRATION; METABOLISM; VELOCITY; HUMANS AB KENEFICK, R. W., B. R. ELY, S. N. CHEUVRONT, L. J. PALOMBO, D. A. GOODMAN, and M. N. SAWKA. Prior Heat Stress: Effect on Subsequent 15-min Time Trial Performance in the Heat. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 1311-1316, 2009. The impact of prior heat stress on subsequent aerobic exercise-heat performance has not been studied. Purpose: To determine whether prior heat stress degrades subsequent aerobic exercise performance in the heat. Methods: Eighteen nonheat acclimated males were trained (four practice trials) on an aerobic exercise performance test in 22 C and then divided into two (n = 8) groups. One group (EUH(PH); (V) over dotO(2peak) = 44 +/- 7 mL.kg(-1).min(-1)) was tested after 90 min of recovery (in 22 degrees C) from 3 h of intermittent light-intensity (<30% (V) over dotO(2peak)) exercise-heat (50 degrees C) stress, where sweat losses were matched with fluid intake (3.5 +/- 0.5 L) to maintain euhydration. The other group (EUH; (V) over dotO(2peak) = 45 +/- 5 mL.kg(-1).min(-1)) was tested while euhydrated without prior exercise-heat stress. Aerobic performance was determined from a 30-min cycling preload (50% (V) over dotO(2peak)) followed by a 15-min time trial in 40 degrees C. Total work during the 15-min performance time trial in EUH and EUH(PH) was compared, as were the percent changes from the best practice trials. Results: Volunteers were euhydrated (plasma osmolality <290 mOsm.kg(-1)) and normothermic before each exercise-heat trial. Heart rate and core temperature were not different (P > 0.05) between groups at any time point during exercise. Total work was not different (P > 0.05) at baseline or between EUH (150.5 +/- 28.3 kJ; 2.0 +/- 0.3 kJ.kg(-1)) and EUH(PH) (160.3 +/- 24.0 kJ; 1.8 +/- 0.2 kJ.kg(-1)). The percent change in total work relative to baseline was not different (P > 0.05) between EUH (-18.7% +/- 9.2%) and EUH(PH) (-15.0% +/- 7.8%). Conclusions: If hydration and body temperatures recover, prior exercise-heat stress does not result in a greater degradation in aerobic time trial performance in the heat compared with heat exposure alone. C1 [Kenefick, Robert W.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kenefick, RW (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Kenefick@us.army.mil NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1311 EP 1316 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181988c14 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 450JY UT WOS:000266398000021 PM 19461533 ER PT J AU Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Jones, JE Lammi, E Staab, JE Cymerman, A AF Beidleman, Beth A. Muza, Stephen R. Fulco, Charles S. Jones, Juli E. Lammi, Eric Staab, Janet E. Cymerman, Allen TI Intermittent Hypoxic Exposure Does Not Improve Endurance Performance at Altitude SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA; NORMOBARIC HYPOXIA; ARTERIAL OXYGEN SATURATION; TIME TRIAL; HR ID ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; HYPOBARIC HYPOXIA; SEA-LEVEL; SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE; CYCLING PERFORMANCE; AEROBIC PERFORMANCE; NORMOBARIC HYPOXIA; OXYGEN-UPTAKE; TIME-TRIAL; CAPACITY AB BEIDLEMAN, B. A.. S. R. MUZA, C. S. FULCO, J. E. JONES, E. LAMMI, J. E. STAAB, and A. CYMERMAN. Intermittent Hypoxic Exposure Does Not Improve Endurance Performance at Altitude. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 1317-1325, 2009. Purpose: This study examined the effect of 1 wk of normobaric intermittent hypoxic exposure (IHE) combined with exercise training on endurance performance at a 4300-m altitude (HA). Methods: Seventeen male lowlanders were divided into an IHE (n = 11) or SHAM (n = 6) group. Each completed cycle endurance testing consisting of two 20-min steady state (SS) exercise bouts (at 40% and 60% (V) over dotO(2peak)) followed by a 10-min break and then a 720-kJ cycle time trial at HA before IHE or SHAM treatment (Pre-T). IHE treatment consisted of a 2-h rest at a PO(2) of 90 mm Hg followed by two 25-min bouts of exercise at similar to 80% of peak HR at a PO(2) of I 10 mm Hg for I wk in a hypoxia room. SHAM treatment was identical except that the PO(2) was 148 mm Hg for both rest and exercise. After IHE or SHAM treatment (Post-T), all completed a second cycle endurance test at HA. HR, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO(2)), and RPE were obtained from the 10th to the 15th minute during the two SS exercise bouts and every 5 min during the time trial. Results: Seven volunteers in the IHE group could not finish the 720-kJ time trial either at Pre-T or at Post-T. Time trial analysis was limited, therefore. to the time to reach 360 kJ (halfway point) for all volunteers. From Pre-T to Post-T, there was no improvement in time trial performance (min +/- SE) in the IHE (62.0 +/- 4.8 to 63.7 +/- 5.2) or SHAM (60.9 +/- 6.3 to 54.2 +/- 6.8) group. There was no change from Pre-T to Post-T in HR, SaO(2), and RPE during the two SS exercise bouts or time trial in either group. Conclusions: One week of IHE combined with exercise training does not improve endurance performance at a 4300-m altitude in male lowlanders. C1 [Beidleman, Beth A.; Muza, Stephen R.; Fulco, Charles S.; Jones, Juli E.; Lammi, Eric; Staab, Janet E.; Cymerman, Allen] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Beidleman, BA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM beth.beidleman@us.army.mil FU US Army Medical Research [ATO IV.MD.2006.01] FX Funding provided by US Army Medical Research Materiel Command ATO IV.MD.2006.01. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1317 EP 1325 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181954601 PG 9 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 450JY UT WOS:000266398000022 PM 19461532 ER PT J AU Sadat, MH Jones, DB AF Sadat, Mir H. Jones, Daniel B. TI US Foreign Policy Toward Syria: Balancing Ideology and National Interests SO MIDDLE EAST POLICY LA English DT Article C1 [Jones, Daniel B.] USA, Washington, DC USA. EM hsadat@yahoo.com NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1061-1924 J9 MIDDLE EAST POLICY JI Middle East Policy PD SUM PY 2009 VL 16 IS 2 BP 93 EP 105 DI 10.1111/j.1475-4967.2009.00393.x PG 13 WC Area Studies; International Relations SC Area Studies; International Relations GA 457JO UT WOS:000266924500006 ER PT J AU Banks, MD AF Banks, Michael D. TI ADDRESSING STATE (IR-)RESPONSIBILITY: THE USE OF MILITARY FORCE AS SELF-DEFENSE IN INTERNATIONAL COUNTER-TERRORISM OPERATIONS SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Banks, Michael D.] USA, Intelligence Ctr, Ft Huachuca, AZ USA. [Banks, Michael D.] 3d Infantry Div, Brigade Combat Team 3d, Ft Benning, GA USA. [Banks, Michael D.] V Corps, Heidelberg, Germany. [Banks, Michael D.] 18th Mil Police Brigade, Baghdad, Iraq. [Banks, Michael D.] US Army Japan, Camp Zama, Japan. RP Banks, MD (reprint author), USA, Intelligence Ctr, Ft Huachuca, AZ USA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2009 VL 200 BP 54 EP 107 PG 54 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 497ZA UT WOS:000270102900002 ER PT J AU Musselman, GS AF Musselman, Gregory S. TI DUE PROCESS AND EVICTION FROM PRIVATIZED MILITARY HOUSING-IS THE COMMANDER KING? SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 [Musselman, Gregory S.] JTF GTMO, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. [Musselman, Gregory S.] XVIII Airborne Corps, Legal Assistance Div, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Musselman, Gregory S.] 2d Brigade, Infantry Div 2d, Ar Ramadi, Iraq. [Musselman, Gregory S.] 2d Infantry Div, Area 1, Camp Red Cloud, South Korea. [Musselman, Gregory S.] So European Task Force, Forward Support Co, Vicenza, Italy. [Musselman, Gregory S.] 22d Area Support Grp, Vicenza, Italy. [Musselman, Gregory S.] Candidate Sch, Ft Benning, GA USA. [Musselman, Gregory S.] Terrain & Ammo, Ft Benning, GA USA. RP Musselman, GS (reprint author), Judge Advocate Legal Ctr & Sch, Charlottesville, VA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2009 VL 200 BP 108 EP 153 PG 46 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 497ZA UT WOS:000270102900003 ER PT J AU Feighner, BH Chretien, JP Murphy, SP Skora, JF Coberly, JS Dietz, JE Chaffee, JL Sikes, ML Mabee, MJ Russell, BP Gaydos, JC AF Feighner, Brian H. Chretien, Jean-Paul Murphy, Sean P. Skora, Joseph F. Coberly, Jacqueline S. Dietz, Jerrold E. Chaffee, Jennifer L. Sikes, Marvin L. Mabee, Mimms J. Russell, Bruce P. Gaydos, Joel C. TI The Pandemic Influenza Policy Model: A Planning Tool for Military Public Health Officials SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NETWORKS; EPIDEMIC; VACCINES; SPREAD; PREPAREDNESS; STRATEGIES; OUTBREAKS; VIRUS AB The Pandemic Influenza Policy Model (PIPM) is a collaborative computer modeling effort between the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Many helpful computer simulations exist for examining the propagation of pandemic influenza in civilian populations. We believe the mission-oriented nature and structured social composition of military installations may result in pandemic influenza intervention strategies that differ from those recommended for civilian populations. Intervention strategies may differ between military bases because of differences in mission, location, or composition of the population at risk. The PIPM is a web-accessible, user-configurable, installation-specific disease model allowing military planners to evaluate various intervention strategies. Innovations in the PIPM include expanding on the mathematics of prior stochastic models, using military-specific social network epidemiology, utilization of DoD personnel databases to more accurately characterize the population at risk, and the incorporation of possible interventions, e.g., pneumococcal vaccine, not examined in previous models. C1 [Feighner, Brian H.; Murphy, Sean P.; Skora, Joseph F.; Coberly, Jacqueline S.; Dietz, Jerrold E.; Chaffee, Jennifer L.; Sikes, Marvin L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Chretien, Jean-Paul; Gaydos, Joel C.] US Dept Def, Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Mabee, Mimms J.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Prevent Med Serv, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. [Russell, Bruce P.] Gen Leonard Wood Army Community Hosp, Prevent Med Serv, Ft Leonard Wood, MO 65473 USA. RP Feighner, BH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. OI Chretien, Jean-Paul/0000-0001-8143-6823 FU U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS) FX We thank the following individuals for their contributions to the PIPM project: Ms. Susan Wolff; CPT Robin Whitmore. NC USA; and CPT Crystal Bryant, NC USA; Dr. Howard Burkom; Ms. Vivian Hung: Dr. Steve Babin; Ms. Sheri Lewis; and Mr. Joe Lombardo. Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS). NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 557 EP 565 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900001 PM 19585765 ER PT J AU Robinson, ME Teyhen, DS Wu, SS Dugan, JL Wright, AC Childs, JD Yang, GJ George, SZ AF Robinson, Michael E. Teyhen, Deydre S. Wu, Samuel S. Dugan, Jessica L. Wright, Alison C. Childs, John D. Yang, Guijun George, Steven Z. TI Mental Health Symptoms in Combat Medic Training: A Longitudinal Examination SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILITARY; SUICIDE; SOLDIERS AB Mental health symptoms in military populations are rising and constitute a significant health concern. This study examined the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in soldiers (N = 3,792) undergoing combat medic training. At the start of training, 10.4%, 15.5%, and 4.1% of soldiers had clinically significant depression, anxiety, or suicidal ideation, respectfully. These percentages increased to 12.2%, 20.3%, and 5.7% at completion of training, respectfully. Worsening of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation occurred for 7.7%, 11.4%, and 4% of soldiers. Higher percentages of symptoms were associated with females, lower education, and lower income. Active duty personnel were more likely to worsen following training with respect to suicidal ideation (OR = 1.9, 95% Cl = 1.2-2.9) compared to reservists. The identification of these significant predictors of mental health status may serve to identify individuals at risk. Additional work to examine the relative contribution of anticipatory (impending deployment) factors vs. training-related factors is warranted. C1 [Robinson, Michael E.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Teyhen, Deydre S.; Dugan, Jessica L.; Wright, Alison C.; Childs, John D.] Baylor Univ, Army Med Dept Ctr & Sch, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy MCCS HMT, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Wu, Samuel S.; Yang, Guijun] Univ Florida, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Policy Res, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Yang, Guijun] Tianjin Univ Finance & Econ, Dept Stat, Tianjin 300222, Peoples R China. [George, Steven Z.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys Therapy, Brooks Ctr Rehabil Studies, UFHSC, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Robinson, ME (reprint author), Univ Florida, POB 100165, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. FU Department of Defense [PR054098] FX The institutional review boards at the Brooke Army Medical Center (Fort Sam Houston, TX) and the University of Florida (Gainesville, FL) granted approval for this project. Christopher Barnes, Erik Henrikson, and Yang Li were responsible for the creation and management of the database. We also acknowledge the assistance of those from the U.S. Army Baylor University Physical Therapy Program, University of Texas Health Science Center (San Antonio), University of Florida, East Tennessee State University, University of Colorado at Denver Health Science Center, and Texas State University at San Marcos for their assistance with data collection and management. J.D.C., D.S.T., S.S.W., M.E.R., A.C.W., and J.L.D. were supported by a Department of Defense peer-review medical research program contract (PR054098) awarded to S.Z.G. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 572 EP 577 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900003 PM 19585767 ER PT J AU Adams, BD Carr, B Raez, A Hunter, CJ AF Adams, Bruce D. Carr, Barb Raez, Abigail Hunter, Curtis J. TI Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Combat Hospital and Forward Operating Base: Use of Automated External Defibrillators SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-ACCESS DEFIBRILLATION; CARDIAC-ARREST; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; MINUTES COUNT; SURVIVAL; TIME; PROFESSIONALS; DISEASE; FREEDOM; PLACES AB Objective time to defibrillation (t(defib)) directly correlates with survival from cardiac arrest. We investigated whether automated external defibrillators (AED) in a combat setting would improve this crucial variable. Methods: We performed a randomized simulation study to compare two systems of cardiac arrest response: public access AED vs. standard manual defibrillation. The study was conducted in two phases at two different settings: (1) in a contiguous United States (CONUS)-based training combat support hospital (CSH) and (2) at a deployed CSH within a combat forward operating base (FOB). The primary outcome was t(defib) and the secondary outcome was difficulty of use. Results: For the training CSH setting, t(defib), the AED model was significantly faster than the conventional model (1.3 vs. 2.0 minutes, p < 0.001, 95% Cl of the mean difference = 0.39-1.1). In the combat environment, t(defib) was between 2.2 and 8.4 minutes faster for the AED system. The AED system was found to be significantly easier to use than the standard model. Conclusion: In simulated cardiac arrest, the AED model demonstrated significantly improved t(defib) compared to the standard response for both training and combat settings. C1 [Adams, Bruce D.] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [Carr, Barb; Raez, Abigail; Hunter, Curtis J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. FU Cardiac Science, Irvine, CA [TF44002.2005]; Geneva Foundation of Tacoma, WA FX The authors gratefully acknowledge a supporting grant (TF44002.2005) from Cardiac Science, Irvine, CA in coordination with the Geneva Foundation of Tacoma, WA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 584 EP 587 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900005 PM 19585769 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Yun, HC Griffith, ME Thompson, B Crouch, HK Monson, LS Aldous, WK Mende, K Hospenthal, DR AF Murray, Clinton K. Yun, Heather C. Griffith, Matthew E. Thompson, Bernadette Crouch, Helen K. Monson, Linda S. Aldous, Wade K. Mende, Katrin Hospenthal, Duane R. TI Recovery of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria From Combat Personnel Evacuated From Iraq and Afghanistan at a Single Military Treatment Facility SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID KOREAN BATTLE CASUALTY; US ARMY SOLDIERS; ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; UNITED-STATES; CALCOACETICUS COMPLEX; BURN PATIENTS; INFECTION; WOUNDS; COLONIZATION; TRANSMISSION AB U.S. combat casualties from Iraq and Afghanistan continue to develop infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. This study assesses the infection control database and clinical microbiology antibiograms at a single site from 2005 to 2007, a period when all Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF)/Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) casualties admitted to the facility underwent initial isolation and screening for MDR pathogens. During this 3-year period, there were 2,242 OIF/OEF admissions: 560 in 2005, 724 in 2006, and 958 in 2007. The most commonly recovered pathogens from OIF/OEF admission screening cultures were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter. The yearly nosocomial infection rate of these three pathogens among OIF/OEF admissions ranged between 2 and 4%. There were remarkable changes in resistance profiles for Acinetobacter, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus over time. Despite aggressive infection control procedures, there is continued nosocomial transmission within the facility and increasing antimicrobial resistance in some pathogens. Novel techniques are needed to control the impact of MDR bacteria in medical facilities. C1 [Murray, Clinton K.; Yun, Heather C.; Griffith, Matthew E.; Thompson, Bernadette; Crouch, Helen K.; Monson, Linda S.; Aldous, Wade K.; Mende, Katrin; Hospenthal, Duane R.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Murray, Clinton K.; Yun, Heather C.; Griffith, Matthew E.; Hospenthal, Duane R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Mende, Katrin] Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 29 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 598 EP 604 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900008 PM 19585772 ER PT J AU Lee, J Keuter, KA Kim, J Tran, A Uppal, A Mukai, D Mahon, SB Cancio, LC Batchinsky, A Tromberg, BJ Brenner, M AF Lee, Jangwoen Keuter, Kelly A. Kim, Jae Tran, Andrew Uppal, Amit Mukai, David Mahon, Sari Brenner Cancio, Leopoldo C. Batchinsky, Andriy Tromberg, Bruce J. Brenner, Matthew TI Noninvasive In Vivo Monitoring of Cyanide Toxicity and Treatment Using Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy in a Rabbit Model SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; COMBINED CARBON-MONOXIDE; DOMAIN PHOTON MIGRATION; FREQUENCY-DOMAIN; NEUROPATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS; ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION; SMOKE-INHALATION; BLOOD; INTOXICATION; ABSORPTION AB Currently, no reliable noninvasive methods exist for monitoring the severity of in vivo cyanide (CN) toxicity, treatment, and resulting physiological changes. We developed a broadband diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) system to measure bulk tissue absorption and scattering. DOS was used to optically monitor CN toxicity and treatment with sodium nitrite (NaNO(2)). To perform experiments, the DOS probe was placed on the hind leg of rabbits. A sodium CN solution was infused intravenously. DOS and concurrent physiologic measurements were obtained. After completion of CN infusion, NaNO(2) was infused to induce methemoglobinemia (MetHb). During infusion of CN, blood gas measurements showed an increase in venous partial pressure of oxygen (pO(2)), and following reversal, venous pO(2) values decreased. DOS measurements demonstrated corresponding changes in hemoglobin oxygenation states and redox states of cytochrome-c oxidase (CcO) during CN infusion and NaNO(2) treatment. Therefore, DOS enables detection and monitoring of CN toxicity and treatment with NaNO(2). C1 [Lee, Jangwoen; Keuter, Kelly A.; Kim, Jae; Mukai, David; Mahon, Sari Brenner; Tromberg, Bruce J.; Brenner, Matthew] Univ Calif Irvine, Beckman Laser Inst, Laser Microbeam & Med Program, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. [Keuter, Kelly A.; Tran, Andrew; Uppal, Amit; Mukai, David; Mahon, Sari Brenner; Tromberg, Bruce J.; Brenner, Matthew] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Orange, CA 92868 USA. [Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Batchinsky, Andriy] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Beckman Laser Inst, Laser Microbeam & Med Program, 1002 Hlth Sci Rd E, Irvine, CA 92612 USA. FU Air Force Scientific Research [AF-9550-04-1-0101]; Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine [RR01192]; National Institutes of Health [1U54NS 063718-01] FX We thank Tanya Burney for assistance with this project. This work was supported by Air Force Scientific Research Medical Free-Electron Program agreement no. AF-9550-04-1-0101, by Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine (no. RR01192). and National Institutes of Health (no. 1U54NS 063718-01). NR 56 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 615 EP 621 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900011 PM 19585775 ER PT J AU Carr, ME Masullo, LN Brown, JK Lewis, PC AF Carr, Marcus E., Jr. Masullo, Lawrence N. Brown, J. Kendall Lewis, Paul C. TI Creatine Kinase BB Isoenzyme Blood Levels in Trauma Patients With Suspected Mild Traumatic Brain Injury SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Advanced Technology Applications in Combat Casualty Care Conference (ATACCC) CY AUG 11-13, 2008 CL St Pete Beach, FL ID HEAD-INJURY; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; PROGNOSIS; INDEX AB This pilot study sought to determine if creatine kinase isoenzyme BB (CK-BB) levels might serve as a biological marker of injury severity in mild TBI (mTBI). This was a retrospective study of 64 soldiers with suspected mTBI seen in a combat support hospital in Mosul between March and August of 2007. Four of the 64 total samples were positive for CK-BB. One major trauma patient had a negative CK-BB. This yields a sensitivity of 11% and a specificity of 97%. Military Acute Concussion Evaluation (MACE) scores collected also did not appear to reflect extent of injury. Although the low sensitivity of CK-BB from this study does not support its use as an early marker of suspected mTBI, the result is not conclusive given the small sample and the possibility of isoenzyme degradation during transport. Although limited, the data collected on MACE scores warrant additional evaluation of whether this measure is clinically relevant. C1 [Carr, Marcus E., Jr.] Novo Nordisk Inc, CMR, W Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Masullo, Lawrence N.] Carl R Darnall Army Med Ctr, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. [Brown, J. Kendall] USAMRIID, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Lewis, Paul C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Nursing Res Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Carr, ME (reprint author), Novo Nordisk Inc, CMR, 100 Coll Rd, W Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 622 EP 625 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900012 PM 19585776 ER PT J AU Beekley, MD Byrne, R Yavorek, T Kidd, K Wolff, J Johnson, M AF Beekley, Matthew D. Byrne, Robert Yavorek, Trudy Kidd, Kelli Wolff, Janet Johnson, Michael TI Incidence, Prevalence, and Risk of Eating Disorder Behaviors in Military Academy Cadets SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COLLEGE-STUDENTS; CONTRIBUTING FACTORS; ATTITUDES TEST; BULIMIA-NERVOSA; NAVY; SYMPTOMS; WOMEN; MEN AB Eating disorders are a particular problem for college students, as well as college athletes and military personnel. We examined the incidence, prevalence, and risk of eating disorders at the United States Military Academy (USMA) over a 7-year period (total population 12,731 cadets). The incidence per year for females was 0.02% for anorexia, 0.17% for bulimia, and 0.17% for eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS) and for males was 0.0% for anorexia, 0.003% for bulimia, and 0.02% for eating disorders not otherwise specified. The total prevalence of diagnosed eating disorders for females was 5% and for males was 0.1%. For females over the 7-year period, we found a prevalence of 0.2% for anorexia, 1.2% for bulimia, 1.2% for eating disorders not otherwise specified, and for males we found a prevalence of 0.0% for anorexia, 0.02% for bulimia, and 0.03% for eating disorders not otherwise specified. Nineteen percent of females and 2% of males scored a 20 or higher on the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT)-26 survey indicating they were at risk for developing an eating disorder. We conclude that the prevalence of eating disorders at USMA is comparable to civilian colleges. C1 [Beekley, Matthew D.; Byrne, Robert; Yavorek, Trudy; Kidd, Kelli; Wolff, Janet; Johnson, Michael] US Mil Acad, Dept Phys Educ, Ctr Personal Dev, Mologne Cadet Hlth Clin,Off Publ Affairs, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Beekley, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Phys Educ, Ctr Personal Dev, Mologne Cadet Hlth Clin,Off Publ Affairs, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 7 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 637 EP 641 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900015 PM 19585779 ER PT J AU Walsworth, MK Doukas, WC Murphy, KP Bimson, W Mielcarek, BJ Michener, LA AF Walsworth, Matthew K. Doukas, William C. Murphy, Kevin P. Bimson, William Mielcarek, Billie J. Michener, Lori A. TI Descriptive Analysis of Patients Undergoing Shoulder Surgery at a Tertiary Care Military Medical Center SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-PRACTICE; ARTHROSCOPIC STABILIZATION; IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME; PAIN; DISORDERS; INJURIES; DISLOCATIONS; PREVALENCE; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS AB Shoulder pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint. Patients with shoulder pain who are seeking care in a military tertiary setting in the United States have not been previously described. This study describes the clinical features of 55 patients (47 men, 8 women) undergoing shoulder surgery at a tertiary care military medical center. Patients presenting to a military medical center are different than other previously described samples in the literature. Specifically, the patients in this study had a known mechanism of injury (n = 42; 76%), multiple structures involved (n = 46; 84%) and a high prevalence of glenoid labral involvement (n = 44; 80%). Further research is needed to determine if these patient characteristics identified in this study warrant different management strategies and resource utilization in both the tertiary care center, and in the primary care center where these patients are typically seen before referral to a tertiary care center. C1 [Walsworth, Matthew K.; Doukas, William C.; Murphy, Kevin P.; Mielcarek, Billie J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Bimson, William] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Michener, Lori A.] Dept Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Phys Therapy, W Hosp BSMT, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Walsworth, MK (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Radiol, Main Hosp, 3rd Floor Room 3-406,1250 E Marshall St,POB 98061, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 642 EP 644 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900016 PM 19585780 ER PT J AU Pease, J Miller, M Gumboc, R AF Pease, John Miller, Michael Gumboc, Rey TI An Easily Overlooked Injury: Lisfranc Fracture SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB We report a case of a 16-year-old male who sustained a Lisfranc (tarsal metatarsal joint) fracture after a minor fall. His emergency department (ED) presentation, clinical course, and operative repair are presented as well as a discussion of Lisfranc fractures to include historical significance. Even after minor trauma, an emergency department physician must consider the often elusive diagnosis of a Lisfranc fracture in any patient with foot pain. C1 [Pease, John; Miller, Michael; Gumboc, Rey] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Pease, J (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 6 BP 645 EP 646 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LD UT WOS:000278059900017 PM 19585781 ER PT J AU Stuart, GR Humble, MM Strand, MK Copeland, WC AF Stuart, Gregory R. Humble, Margaret M. Strand, Micheline K. Copeland, William C. TI Transcriptional response to mitochondrial NADH kinase deficiency in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO MITOCHONDRION LA English DT Article DE Cytoscape; Microarray; Mitochondria; NADH kinase; Oxidative stress; POS5 ID CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; RESPIRATORY-CHAIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; YEAST; HAP1; ROX1; OXYGEN; STRAINS; ANAEROBIOSIS; METABOLISM AB Yeast cells lacking the mitochondrial NADH kinase encoded by POS5 display increased sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, a slow-growth phenotype, reduced mitochondrial function and increased levels of mitochondrial protein oxidation and mtDNA mutations. Here we examined gene expression in pos5 Delta cells, comparing these data to those from cells containing deletions of superoxide dismutase-encoding genes SOD1 or SOD2. Surprisingly, stress-response genes were down-regulated in pos5 Delta, sod1 Delta and sod2 Delta cells, implying that cells infer stress levels from mitochondrial activity rather than sensing reactive oxygen species directly. Additionally, pos5 Delta, but not sod1 or sod2, cells displayed an anaerobic expression profile, indicating a defect in oxygen sensing that is specific to pos5, and is not a general stress-response. Finally, the pos5 Delta expression profile is quite similar to the hap1 Delta expression profile previously reported, which may indicate a shared mechanism. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Mitochondria Research Society. C1 [Stuart, Gregory R.; Humble, Margaret M.; Strand, Micheline K.; Copeland, William C.] NIEHS, Genet Mol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Strand, Micheline K.] USA, Res Off, Div Life Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Copeland, WC (reprint author), NIEHS, Genet Mol Lab, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM copelan1@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES065078]; US Army Research Office [W991 NF04-D-0001, DAAG55-98-D-0002]; National Research Council Research FX We thank Astrid Haugen (NIEHS) and Leroy Worth (NIEHS) for critical reading of the manuscript. We also thank Jennifer Collins, Sherry Grissom and Jeff Tucker of the NIEHS Microarray Group for technical support, and Astrid Haugen for discussions regarding the use of Cytoscape. This work was supported by intramural funds from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Grant No. Z01-ES065078). G.R.S. was supported by the US Army Research Office (Grant No. W991 NF04-D-0001 and DAAG55-98-D-0002), and a National Research Council Research Associateship Award. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1567-7249 J9 MITOCHONDRION JI Mitochondrion PD JUN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 3 BP 211 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.mito.2009.02.004 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 443YI UT WOS:000265946300006 PM 19254780 ER PT J AU Howe, GB Loveless, BM Norwood, D Craw, P Waag, D England, M Lowe, JR Courtney, BC Pitt, ML Kulesh, DA AF Howe, Gerald B. Loveless, Bonnie M. Norwood, David Craw, Philip Waag, David England, Marilyn Lowe, John R. Courtney, Bernard C. Pitt, M. Louise Kulesh, David A. TI Real-time PCR for the early detection and quantification of Coxiella burnetii as an alternative to the murine bioassay SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Coxiella burnetii; Q fever; Real-time PCR; Non-human primates; Aerosol challenge; Mouse bioassay ID BACTERIAL AEROSOL SAMPLERS; ACUTE Q-FEVER; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; GENE COM1; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; SEQUENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ENDOCARDITIS; VALIDATION AB Real-time PCR was used to analyze archived blood from non-human primates (NHP) and fluid samples originating from a well-controlled Q fever vaccine efficacy trial. The PCR targets were the IS1111 element and the com1 gene of Coxiella burnetii. Data from that previous study were used to evaluate real-time PCR as an alternative to the use of sero-conversion by mouse bioassay for both quantification and early detection of C burnetii bacteria. Real-time PCR and the mouse bioassay exhibited no statistical difference in quantifying the number of microorganisms delivered in the aerosol challenge dose. The presence of C. burnetii in peripheral blood of non-human primates was detected by real-time PCR as early after exposure as the mouse bioassay with results available within hours instead of weeks. This study demonstrates that real-time PCR has the ability to replace the mouse bioassay to measure dosage and monitor infection of C. burnetii in a non-human primate model. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Howe, Gerald B.; Loveless, Bonnie M.; Norwood, David; Craw, Philip; Kulesh, David A.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Waag, David; England, Marilyn] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Pitt, M. Louise] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Aerobiol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Lowe, John R.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Courtney, Bernard C.] Tauri Grp, Alexandria, VA 22310 USA. RP Kulesh, DA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM david.kulesh@amedd.army.mil FU U.S. Army Medical Research [DT01-18] FX Research was conducted in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and other federal statutes and regulations relating to animals and experiments involving animals and adheres to principles stated in the guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, National Research Council, 1996. The facility where this research was conducted is fully accredited by the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International under an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) approved protocol. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD JUN-AUG PY 2009 VL 23 IS 3-4 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2009.01.004 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 457FG UT WOS:000266913300001 PM 19284978 ER PT J AU Loveless, BM Mucker, EM Hartmann, C Craw, PD Huggins, J Kulesh, DA AF Loveless, Bonnie M. Mucker, Eric M. Hartmann, Christopher Craw, Philip D. Huggins, John Kulesh, David A. TI Differentiation of Variola major and Variola minor variants by MGB-Eclipse probe melt curves and genotyping analysis SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE Smallpox; Variola major; Variola minor; Eclipse probe ID REAL-TIME PCR; HYBRIDIZATION-TRIGGERED FLUORESCENCE; SMALLPOX-VIRUS; DNA PROBES; IDENTIFICATION; LIGHTCYCLER; SYSTEM; GENOME; ASSAYS AB Smallpox, caused by the Variola major virus, is considered to be one of the most lethal of all potential biological weapons and has far-reaching consequences. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are available as a reliable diagnostic tool to detect members of the genus Orthopoxvirus. In addition real-time PCR assays specific for the variola virus have been developed that distinguish it from other orthopoxviruses. However, a positive identification of variola spp. does not classify the virus as the one that causes smallpox (V major) or as the variant (Variola minor) that causes a much less severe form of the disease. This study reports the development of a real-time PCR minor groove binder (MGB)-Eclipse probe assay utilizing a sequence within the variola B9R/B10R gene complex that reliably differentiates V major from V minor by specific probe melting temperatures (T(m)s) and genotyping analysis. The MGB-Eclipse probe assay is an important step beyond the standard TaqMan-MGB assay and we feel this is a significant addition to our current variola species identification algorithm with TaqMan-MGB assays that target the B9R and B10R genes. The probe T(m)s for V major and V. minor were 62.71 (+/- 0.05) and 53.97 (+/- 0.44) degrees C, respectively (P = <0.001). We also used the identical sequence to develop a TaqMan (R)-MGB assay that specifically detected V minor but not V major variants by qualitative analysis. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Loveless, Bonnie M.; Craw, Philip D.; Kulesh, David A.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Syst Dev Branch, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Mucker, Eric M.; Hartmann, Christopher; Huggins, John] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Kulesh, DA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Syst Dev Branch, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM David.Kulesh@amedd.army.mil FU DTRA [G0005_04_RD_B] FX We are grateful to Katheryn Kenyon for her careful editing of the manuscript, Laurie Hartman for reviewing, and Sarah Norris for statistical analysis of the results. We thank Dr. Lynn Wasieloski and John Kondig for technical aid in sequencing the B9R/B10R clones. We also thank Drs. Diana Blau and Mark Wolcott of the Field Operations and Training Branch, Diagnostic Systems Division of the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases and the laboratory of Dr. Ingor Damon, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD JUN-AUG PY 2009 VL 23 IS 3-4 BP 166 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2009.03.002 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA 457FG UT WOS:000266913300007 PM 19345728 ER PT J AU Song, WS Nielson, BR Banks, KP Bradley, YC AF Song, Won S. Nielson, Brett R. Banks, Kevin P. Bradley, Yong C. TI Normal organ standard uptake values in carbon-11 acetate PET imaging SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE (11)C-acetate; bodistribution; normal; PET; standard uptake value ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; C-11-ACETATE PET; PROSTATE-CANCER; 1-C-11-ACETATE; CARCINOMA AB Objective The goal of this study was to determine normal standard uptake values of carbon-11 ((11)C) acetate in healthy organs. By accurately determining the range of physiologic activity, abnormal focal or diffuse (11)C-acetate activity can be more accurately assessed and thus improve the sensitivity and specificity of this emerging diagnostic PET agent. Methods We reviewed all 55 patients (mean age SD 64.8 +/- 10.8, age range 35-88 years) who underwent (11)C-acetate PET/computed tomography at our institution from 2005 to 2007 Regions of interest were drawn in organs that were devoid of clinical or imaging evidence of disease. The maximum standard uptake value for each region was calculated and analyzed for mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence intervals. Results The results are presented as average maximum standard uptake value 1 SD with the pancreas, liver, spleen and salivary glands showing the greatest (11)C-acetate avidity. A review of the literature shows our results to be similar to those published earlier. Conclusion Accurate knowledge of normal biodistribution and standardized uptake values will provide the foundation for assessing focal or diffuse organ disease while using this PET agent. Nucl Med Commun 30:462-465 (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 [Song, Won S.; Nielson, Brett R.; Banks, Kevin P.; Bradley, Yong C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Banks, KP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kevin.banks@amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0143-3636 J9 NUCL MED COMMUN JI Nucl. Med. Commun. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 30 IS 6 BP 462 EP 465 DI 10.1097/MNM.0b013e32832aa7ce PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 446UN UT WOS:000266146800010 PM 19357549 ER PT J AU Kudenov, MW Pezzaniti, JL Gerhart, GR AF Kudenov, Michael W. Pezzaniti, J. Larry Gerhart, Grant R. TI Microbolometer-infrared imaging Stokes polarimeter SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Polarization - Measurement, Analysis, and Remote Sensing VIII CY MAR 18-19, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE infrared; Stokes; polarimetry; emission; polarization; microbolometer; beamsplitter; form birefringence ID POLARIZATION; SYSTEMS; CAMERA AB A long-wave infrared division of amplitude imaging Stokes polarimeter is presented. For the first time, to our knowledge, application of microbolometer focal plane array (FPA) technology to polarimetry is demonstrated. The sensor utilizes a wire-grid beamsplitter with imaging systems positioned at each output to analyze two orthogonal linear polarization states simultaneously. Combined with a form birefringent wave plate, the system is capable of snapshot imaging polarimetry in any one Stokes parameter (S(1), S(2), or S(3)). Radiometric and polarimetric calibration procedures for the instrument are provided, and the reduction matrices from the calibration are compared to rigorous coupled wave analysis and ray-tracing simulations. Image registration techniques for the sensor are discussed, and data from the instrument are presented, demonstrating the ability to measure intensity variations corresponding to polarized emission in natural environments. As such, emission polarimetry can be exploited at significantly reduced cost, sensor size, and power consumption over instruments based on more expensive mercury-cadmium telluride FPAs. (C) 2009 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3156844] C1 [Kudenov, Michael W.] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Pezzaniti, J. Larry] Polaris Sensor Technol, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. [Gerhart, Grant R.] USA, Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Kudenov, MW (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, 1630 E Univ Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM mkudenov@optics.arizona.edu NR 23 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 48 IS 6 AR 063201 DI 10.1117/1.3156844 PG 19 WC Optics SC Optics GA 477AE UT WOS:000268487500005 ER PT J AU Yelleswarapu, CS Chu, YL Kimball, BR Rao, DVGLN AF Yelleswarapu, Chandra S. Chu, Yuanliang Kimball, Brian R. Rao, D. V. G. L. N. TI Enhancement of photoinduced polarization rotation in azobenzene polymer films SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID BACTERIORHODOPSIN FILMS; OPTICAL LIMITERS; ABSORPTION; NANOPARTICLES; SCATTERING; ANISOTROPY AB In this paper we demonstrated enhancement of photoinduced polarization rotation for improved transmission of laser light at low input intensities through a crossed polarized system. it is achieved by utilizing two azobenzene doped polymer thin films in tandem. As the input beam propagates through the films, its polarization rotation induced by each film is additive. We obtained polarization rotation of as much as 24 degrees resulting in enhanced transmission compared to a single-film approach. In addition, this novel design is promising for use as a broadband nonlinear transmission system. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yelleswarapu, Chandra S.; Chu, Yuanliang; Rao, D. V. G. L. N.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Kimball, Brian R.] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Rao, DVGLN (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM raod@umb.edu RI Yelleswarapu, Chandra/C-4392-2011; Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 FU US Army Natick Soldier Research Development and Engineering Center [W911QY-04-C-0063] FX This research is supported in part by a Broad Agency Announcement contract W911QY-04-C-0063 from US Army Natick Soldier Research Development and Engineering Center. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD JUN 1 PY 2009 VL 282 IS 11 BP 2259 EP 2262 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2009.02.057 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA 440RY UT WOS:000265718600028 ER PT J AU Hartman, KR Finberg, KE Merino, ME AF Hartman, Kip R. Finberg, Karin E. Merino, Margret E. TI IRON RESISTANT IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA: LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP OF 5 PATIENTS SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hartman, Kip R.; Merino, Margret E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Finberg, Karin E.] Duke Univ, Dept Pathol, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1545-5009 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD JUN PY 2009 VL 52 IS 6 BP 723 EP 723 PG 1 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA 423SI UT WOS:000264515600102 ER PT J AU Balbach, HE Otrosina, WJ Spaine, PC Sung, SS AF Balbach, H. E. Otrosina, W. J. Spaine, P. C. Sung, S. S. TI Loblolly pine decline on Ft. Benning: An analysis of potential underlying causes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathology-Society CY AUG 01-05, 2009 CL Portland, OR SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Balbach, H. E.] USA, Erdc, Champaign, IL USA. [Otrosina, W. J.; Spaine, P. C.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Athens, GA USA. [Sung, S. S.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2009 VL 99 IS 6 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 447SY UT WOS:000266213300042 ER PT J AU Denight, ML Gebhart, DL Busby, RR Cary, TJ AF Denight, M. L. Gebhart, D. L. Busby, R. R. Cary, T. J. TI Comparisons of plant cover estimates using APS Assess software and point-frame transects at Camp Guernsey, Wyoming SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathology-Society CY AUG 01-05, 2009 CL Portland, OR SP Amer Phytopathol Soc C1 [Gebhart, D. L.; Busby, R. R.] USA, Corps Engineers, ERDC CERL, Champaign, IL USA. [Cary, T. J.] USA, Corps Engineers, ERDC CRREL, Champaign, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2009 VL 99 IS 6 BP S28 EP S28 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 447SY UT WOS:000266213300165 ER PT J AU Naumann, JC Young, DR Anderson, JE AF Naumann, Julie C. Young, Donald R. Anderson, John E. TI Spatial variations in salinity stress across a coastal landscape using vegetation indices derived from hyperspectral imagery SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PRI; NDVI; WBI(970); Chlorophyll fluorescence; Salinity; Hyperspectral reflectance ID LEAF CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; RADIATION-USE-EFFICIENCY; VIRGINIA BARRIER-ISLAND; PLANT WATER STATUS; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; MYRICA-CERIFERA; PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY; MEDITERRANEAN TREES; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; DROUGHT STRESS AB Chlorophyll fluorescence and landscape-level reflectance imagery were used to evaluate spatial variations in stress in Myrica cerifera and Iva frutescens during a severe drought and compared to an extremely wet year. Measurements of relative water content and the water band index (WBI(970)) indicated that the water stress did not vary across the island. In contrast, there were significant differences in tissue chlorides across sites for both species. Using the physiological reflectance index (PRI), we were able to detect salinity stress across the landscape. For M. cerifera, PRI did not differ between wet and dry years, while for I. frutescens, there were differences in PRI during the 2 years, possibly related to flooding during the wet year. There was a positive relationship between PRI and Delta F/F'(m) for M. cerifera (r(2) = 0.79) and I. frutescens (r(2) = 0.72). The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the chlorophyll index (CI), and WBI(970) were higher during the wet summer for M. cerifera, but varied little across the island. CI and WBI(970) were higher during 2004 for I. frutescens, while there were no differences in NDVI during the 2 years. PRI was not significantly related to NDVI, suggesting that the indices are spatially independent. These results suggest that PRI may be used for early identification of salt stress that may lead to changes in plant distributions at the landscape level, as a result of rising sea level. Comparsions between the two species indicate that variations in PRI and other indices may be species specific. C1 [Naumann, Julie C.; Young, Donald R.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Anderson, John E.] USA, Fluorescence Spect Lab, Erdc, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Naumann, JC (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM jczinner@vcu.edu FU National Science Foundation [BSR-8702333-06, DEB-9211772, DEB-9411974, DEB-0080381, DEB-0621014]; United States Army Research Office FX Clint Smith provided the PAM-2000 fluorometer. The authors thank SpectIR Corporation and Charles Bachmann for the hyperspectral data. Spencer Bissett, Paul Cuomo, and Jackie Vick assisted with field collections. Steven Brantley provided comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Some data used in this publication was provided by the Virginia Coast Reserve LTER project, which was supported by National Science Foundation grants BSR-8702333-06, DEB-9211772, DEB-9411974, DEB-0080381, and DEB-0621014. This research was supported by a grant to DRY from the United States Army Research Office. NR 50 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 202 IS 2 BP 285 EP 297 DI 10.1007/s11258-008-9482-2 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 442FS UT WOS:000265826700008 ER PT J AU Chang, TH Kubota, T Matsuoka, M Jones, S Bradfute, SB Bray, M Ozato, K AF Chang, Tsung-Hsien Kubota, Toru Matsuoka, Mayumi Jones, Steven Bradfute, Steven B. Bray, Mike Ozato, Keiko TI Ebola Zaire Virus Blocks Type I Interferon Production by Exploiting the Host SUMO Modification Machinery SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; NF-KAPPA-B; VP35 PROTEIN; MEDIATED DEGRADATION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; BINDING-PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Ebola Zaire virus is highly pathogenic for humans, with case fatality rates approaching 90% in large outbreaks in Africa. The virus replicates in macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), suppressing production of type I interferons (IFNs) while inducing the release of large quantities of proinflammatory cytokines. Although the viral VP35 protein has been shown to inhibit IFN responses, the mechanism by which it blocks IFN production has not been fully elucidated. We expressed VP35 from a mouse-adapted variant of Ebola Zaire virus in murine DCs by retroviral gene transfer, and tested for IFN transcription upon Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) infection and toll-like receptor signaling. We found that VP35 inhibited IFN transcription in DCs following these stimuli by disabling the activity of IRF7, a transcription factor required for IFN transcription. By yeast two-hybrid screens and coimmunoprecipitation assays, we found that VP35 interacted with IRF7, Ubc9 and PIAS1. The latter two are the host SUMO E2 enzyme and E3 ligase, respectively. VP35, while not itself a SUMO ligase, increased PIAS1-mediated SUMOylation of IRF7, and repressed Ifn transcription. In contrast, VP35 did not interfere with the activation of NFkB, which is required for induction of many proinflammatory cytokines. Our findings indicate that Ebola Zaire virus exploits the cellular SUMOylation machinery for its advantage and help to explain how the virus overcomes host innate defenses, causing rapidly overwhelming infection to produce a syndrome resembling fulminant septic shock. C1 [Chang, Tsung-Hsien; Kubota, Toru; Matsuoka, Mayumi; Ozato, Keiko] Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHHD, Program Genom Differentiat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Jones, Steven] Canadian Sci Ctr Human & Anim Hlth, Natl Microbiol Lab, Populat & Publ Hlth Branch, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Bradfute, Steven B.] USA, Med Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Bray, Mike] NIAID, Integrated Res Facil, NIH, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Chang, TH (reprint author), Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHHD, Program Genom Differentiat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM ozatok@nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 72 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 1 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 5 IS 6 AR e1000493 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000493 PG 15 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 476LZ UT WOS:000268444500009 PM 19557165 ER PT J AU Verwolf, A Farwell, SO Cai, ZT Smith, P AF Verwolf, Adrian Farwell, Sherry O. Cai, Zhongtao Smith, Pauline TI Performance-based design of permeation test cells for reliable evaluation of chemical protective materials SO POLYMER TESTING LA English DT Article DE Permeation; Testing; Sample cell; Protective materials ID TUBES; STANDARDS; GLOVES AB The test cell constitutes the core functionality of a permeation testing system. Accuracy of an experimental methodology depends on the ability of the test cell to efficiently deliver the challenge agents to the test material, collect all the transported permeate compounds from the test material and transfer those analytes to the online detector. Common test cell designs used in the US and internationally form the basis of their respective testing procedures. However, widespread usage does not necessarily equate to defensible assurance of analytical reliability. Consequently, chemical protective materials characterized with these cells may provide inadequate protection to users whose health and safety depend on barrier garments Such as gloves and suits. Permeation test data, including those acquired in our laboratory, have emphasized the significance of test cell design on the accuracy of permeation measurements. This paper describes the key considerations necessary to ensure analytical reliability for a test cell, illustrates quantitative improvements demonstrated by existing prototypes and, finally, proposes a design which further advances the technology of permeation testing. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Verwolf, Adrian; Farwell, Sherry O.; Cai, Zhongtao] Evergreen Measurement & Certificat Ctr, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Smith, Pauline] USA, Res Lab, Mat Applicat Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Farwell, SO (reprint author), Evergreen Measurement & Certificat Ctr, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. EM sherryfarwell@rap.midco.net FU US Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-02-2-0011] FX Partial support for this project was provided by the US Army Research Laboratory via Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-02-2-0011. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9418 J9 POLYM TEST JI Polym. Test PD JUN PY 2009 VL 28 IS 4 BP 437 EP 445 DI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2009.03.008 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 456OO UT WOS:000266856700011 ER PT J AU Matlock, BS Snoha, DJ Grendahl, SM AF Matlock, Beth S. Snoha, Daniel J. Grendahl, Scott M. TI Using XRD elastic and plastic strain data to evaluate the effectiveness of different cold-working techniques in aerospace materials SO POWDER DIFFRACTION LA English DT Article DE elastic strains; plastic strains; residual stress; peak width; shot peening; cold-worked holes; x-ray diffraction; fatique; aerospace materials; life extension AB Generating compressive stresses in aerospace materials is an important consideration for enhancing fatigue life. Shot peening and cold expansion of holes are two techniques for imparting beneficial compressive stresses. X-ray diffraction is a direct method for measuring elastic strains. Diffraction peak widths are an indication of plastic strain. Elastic and plastic strains can be used to better assess the true condition of a component. This paper presents elastic and plastic strain information from shot peened and cold expanded aerospace materials. Examination of surface data showed which shot peened samples had the deeper layer of compressive stresses. Likewise, elastic and plastic strain data enabled successful ranking of the holes in terms of the maximum amount of cold working. (C) 2009 International Centre for Diffraction Data. [DOT: 10.1154/1.3133148] C1 [Matlock, Beth S.] Technol Energy Corp, Knoxville, TN USA. [Snoha, Daniel J.; Grendahl, Scott M.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Matlock, BS (reprint author), Technol Energy Corp, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA PI NEWTOWN SQ PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA SN 0885-7156 J9 POWDER DIFFR JI Powder Diffr. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 2 BP S51 EP S58 DI 10.1154/1.3133148 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 464RC UT WOS:000267522500012 ER PT J AU Eismann, MT Stocker, AD Nasrabadi, NM AF Eismann, Michael T. Stocker, Alan D. Nasrabadi, Nasser M. TI Automated Hyperspectral Cueing for Civilian Search and Rescue SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Review DE Change detection; hyperspectral; remote sensing; search-and-rescue; target detection ID ORTHOGONAL SUBSPACE PROJECTION; IMAGING SPECTROMETER AVIRIS; ANOMALY DETECTION; TARGET DETECTION; MATCHED-FILTER; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY; OBJECT DETECTION; LAND-COVER; CLASSIFICATION AB Hyperspectral remote sensing provides information related to surface material characteristics that can be exploited to perform automated detection of targets of interest and has been applied to a variety of remote sensing applications. This paper explores the application to civilian search and rescue, using the Airborne Real-time Cueing Hyperspectral Enhanced Reconnaissance (ARCHER) system developed for the Civil Air Patrol as a key example of how evolving hyperspectral technology can be employed to support these operations. ARCHER combines a visible/near-infrared hyperspectral imaging system, a high-resolution visible panchromatic imaging sensor, and an integrated geopositioning and inertial navigation unit with onboard real-time processing for data acquisition and correction, precision image georegistration, and target detection and cueing. Processing for detecting downed aircraft wreckage and other related objects employs real-time adaptive anomaly detection and matched filtering algorithms, and a non-real-time change detection mode to provide further false alarm reduction in some instances. This paper describes the system technology, with an emphasis on the current and evolving automated target detection methods, and summarizes the operational experience in the airborne employment against civilian search and rescue missions. C1 [Eismann, Michael T.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Stocker, Alan D.] Space Comp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90025 USA. [Nasrabadi, Nasser M.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Eismann, MT (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM michael.eismann@wpafb.af.mil; stocker@spacecomputer.com; nnasraba@arl.army.mil NR 103 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 3 U2 19 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD JUN PY 2009 VL 97 IS 6 BP 1031 EP 1055 DI 10.1109/JPROC.2009.2013561 PG 25 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 450CC UT WOS:000266377600007 ER PT J AU Massey, KC Silton, SI AF Massey, K. C. Silton, S. I. TI Combining experimental data, computational fluid dynamics, and six-degree of freedom simulation to develop a guidance actuator for a supersonic projectile SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE guided projectile; guided munition; guided bullet; smart projectile; smart bullet; smart projectile; flow control; 6-DOF; RAM defence; range test AB A joint effort between the Georgia Tech Research Institute and the Army Research Lab successfully used a combination of numerical and experimental results to demonstrate the performance of a guidance actuator for a supersonic projectile. The use of computational and experimental approaches greatly enhanced the understanding of how the actuators worked as well enabled the program to be completed for a lower cost than if either the modelling or the experiments had been neglected. Wind tunnel experiments were used with computational fluid dynamics results to provide aerodynamic coefficients for six-degree of freedom (6-DOF) simulations. The 6-DOF simulations were used to predict the performance of the projectile in the range, thus ensuring that good range data were acquired and reducing the necessary number of set-up rounds. It was found that there were cases where experimental methods were necessary, although the modelling provided the researchers with a greater detail of flow interactions and provided forces that were difficult to measure. C1 [Massey, K. C.] Georgia Tech Res Inst, ATAS, Aerosp Transportat & Adv Syst Lab, Smyrna, GA 30080 USA. [Silton, S. I.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Massey, KC (reprint author), Georgia Tech Res Inst, ATAS, Aerosp Transportat & Adv Syst Lab, 7220 Richardson Rd, Smyrna, GA 30080 USA. EM kevin.massey@gtri.gatech.edu NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING LTD PI WESTMINISTER PA 1 BIRDCAGE WALK, WESTMINISTER SW1H 9JJ, ENGLAND SN 0954-4100 J9 P I MECH ENG G-J AER JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part G-J. Aerosp. Eng. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 223 IS G4 BP 341 EP 355 DI 10.1243/09544100JAERO399 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 467FL UT WOS:000267723300004 ER PT J AU Chen, LY Reisner, AT Gribok, A McKenna, TM Reifman, J AF Chen, Liangyou Reisner, Andrew T. Gribok, Andrei McKenna, Thomas M. Reifman, Jaques TI CAN WE IMPROVE THE CLINICAL UTILITY OF RESPIRATORY RATE AS A MONITORED VITAL SIGN? SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE Data quality; respiratory rate; physiological monitoring; decision-support; trauma; vital signs ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; TRAUMA PATIENTS; SHOCK INDEX; SYSTEM; ROC; HYPOVOLEMIA; ALGORITHMS; HEMORRHAGE; TRIAGE; BLOOD AB Respiratory rate (RR) is a basic vital sign, measured and monitored throughout a wide spectrum of health care settings, although FIR is historically difficult to measure in a reliable fashion. We explore an automated method that computes FIR only during intervals of clean, regular, and consistent respiration and investigate its diagnostic use in a retrospective analysis of prehospital trauma casualties. At least 5 s of basic vital signs, including heart rate, RR, and systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures, were continuously collected from 326 spontaneously breathing trauma casualties during helicopter transport to a level I trauma center. "Reliable" FIR data were identified retrospectively using automated algorithms. The diagnostic performances of reliable versus standard FIR were evaluated by calculation of the receiver operating characteristic curves using the maximum-likelihood method and comparison of the summary areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs). Respiratory rate shows significant data-reliability differences. For identifying prehospital casualties who subsequently receive a respiratory intervention (hospital intubation or tube thoracotomy), standard FIR yields an AUC of 0.59 (95% confidence interval, 0.48 - 0.69), whereas reliable FIR yields an AUC of 0.67 (0.57 - 0.77), P < 0.05. For identifying casualties subsequently diagnosed with a major hemorrhagic injury and requiring blood transfusion, standard FIR yields an AUC of 0.60 (0.49 - 0.70), whereas reliable RR yields 0.77 (0.67 - 0.85), P < 0.001. Reliable FIR, as determined by an automated algorithm, is a useful parameter for the diagnosis of respiratory pathology and major hemorrhage in a trauma population. It may be a useful input to a wide variety of clinical scores and automated decision-support algorithms. C1 [Chen, Liangyou; Reisner, Andrew T.; Gribok, Andrei; McKenna, Thomas M.; Reifman, Jaques] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, ATTN MCMR TT, TATRC, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Reisner, Andrew T.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, ATTN MCMR TT, TATRC, Bldg 363 Miller Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jaques.reifman@us.army.mil FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command FX This work was partially supported by the Combat Casualty Care Directorate of the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2009 VL 31 IS 6 BP 574 EP 580 DI 10.1097/SHK.0b013e318193e885 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 463NC UT WOS:000267437900006 PM 19008777 ER PT J AU Wilson, ALG Messer, SC Hoge, CW AF Wilson, Abigail L. Garvey Messer, Stephen C. Hoge, Charles W. TI US military mental health care utilization and attrition prior to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan SO SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 156th Annual Meeting of the American-Psychiatric-Association CT American-Psychiatric-Association 53rd Institute on Psychiatric Services CY MAY 17-22, 2003 CY MAY 17-22, 2003 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Psychiat Assoc SP Amer Psychiat Assoc DE V-codes; behavioral healthcare utilization; military attrition; mental disorder diagnostic practices; mental health burden ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; REIMBURSEMENT RULES; SERVICE; BURDEN; DISABILITY; PHYSICIANS; DIAGNOSES; BARRIERS; ILLNESS; OBESITY AB Objective Health care utilization studies of mental disorders focus largely on the ICD-9 category 290-319, and do not generally include analysis of visits for mental health problems identified under V-code categories. Although active duty service members represent a large young adult employed population who use mental health services at similar rates as age-matched civilian populations, V-codes are used in a larger proportion of mental health visits in military mental health care settings than in civilian settings. However, the utilization of these diagnoses has not been systematically studied. The purpose of this study is to characterize outpatient behavioral health visits in military health care facilities prior to Operation Iraqi Freedom, including the use of diagnoses outside of the ICD-9 290-319 range, in order to evaluate the overall burden of mental health care. This study establishes baseline rates of mental health care utilization in military mental health clinics in 2000 and serves as a comparison for future studies of the mental health care burden of the current war. Methods All active duty service members who received care in military outpatient clinics in 2000 (n = 1.35 million) were included. Primary diagnoses were grouped according to mental health relevance in the following categories: mental disorders (ICD-9 290-319), mental health V-code diagnoses (used primarily by behavioral health providers that were indicative of a potential mental health problem), and all other diagnoses. Rates of service utilization within behavioral health clinics were compared with rates in other outpatient clinics for each of the diagnostic groups, reported as individuals or visits per 1,000 person-years. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to produce hazard ratios as measures of association between each of the diagnostic groups and attrition from military service. Time to attrition in months was the difference between the date of military separation and the date of first clinic visit in 2000. Data were obtained from the Defense Medical Surveillance System. Results The total number of individuals who utilized behavioral health services in 2000 was just over 115 per 1,000 person-years, almost 12% of the military population. Out of every 1,000 person-years, 57.5 individuals received care from behavioral health providers involving an ICD-9 290-319 mental disorder diagnosis, and an additional 26.7 per 1,000 person-years received care in behavioral health clinics only for V-code diagnoses. Attrition from service was correlated with both categories of mental health-related diagnoses. After 1 year, approximately 38% of individuals who received a mental disorder diagnosis left the military, compared with 23% of those who received mental health V-code diagnoses and 14% of those who received health care for any other reason (which included well visits for routine physicals). Conclusions This study establishes baseline rates of pre-war behavioral healthcare utilization among military service members, and the relationship of mental health care use and attrition from service. The research indicates that in the military population the burden of mental illness in outpatient clinics is significantly greater when V-code diagnoses are included along with conventional mental disorder diagnostic codes. C1 [Wilson, Abigail L. Garvey] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Messer, Stephen C.; Hoge, Charles W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wilson, ALG (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM abigail.wilson@gmail.com RI Messer, Stephen/B-6198-2012 OI Messer, Stephen/0000-0003-0503-9695 NR 33 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0933-7954 EI 1433-9285 J9 SOC PSYCH PSYCH EPID JI Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 6 BP 473 EP 481 DI 10.1007/s00127-008-0461-7 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 456EO UT WOS:000266823900005 ER PT J AU Berdahl, RM Gray, HH Kerrey, B Marx, A Vest, CM Westphal, J AF Berdahl, Robert M. Gray, Hanna Holborn Kerrey, Bob Marx, Anthony Vest, Charles M. Westphal, Joseph TI Free Inquiry and Academic Freedom: A Panel Discussion among Academic Leaders SO SOCIAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Berdahl, Robert M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Berdahl, Robert M.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gray, Hanna Holborn] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gray, Hanna Holborn] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Marx, Anthony] Amherst Coll, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Vest, Charles M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Westphal, Joseph] USA, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW SCHOOL UNIV PI NEW YORK PA GRADUATE FACULTY, 65 5TH AVE, RM 354, NEW YORK, NY 10003 USA SN 0037-783X J9 SOC RES JI Soc. Res. PD SUM PY 2009 VL 76 IS 2 SI SI BP 731 EP 766 PG 36 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA V24RE UT WOS:000208426700021 ER PT J AU Guerrero, M Cannizzo, F Falta, E Berndt, G AF Guerrero, Melanie Cannizzo, Francis Falta, Edward Berndt, George TI Prone Ventilation in a United States Marine with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and an Open Abdominal Injury SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ARDS; critical care; open abdominal injury; prone ventilation; trauma ID LUNG INJURY; POSITION; TRAUMA AB A United States Marine with an open abdominal injury from a single gunshot wound to the chest and abdomen was placed in the prone position after suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Prone ventilation in traumatic injuries involving an open abdomen has been rarely reported or attempted because of the potentially fatal complication of bowel dehiscence. Improvement of gas exchange in patients with ARDS has been shown to occur with prone ventilation when conventional modes of ventilation have failed. The patient benefited from a Sustained improvement in oxygenation hours after return to the supine position allowing for his rapid transport to a higher echelon of care and definitive management. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. 399th Combat Support Hosp, Al Asad, Iraq. RP Guerrero, M (reprint author), 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Melanie.guerrero@amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 102 IS 6 BP 637 EP 639 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 455SJ UT WOS:000266785300019 PM 19434044 ER PT J AU De Lucia, FC Gottfried, JL Munson, CA Miziolek, AW AF De Lucia, Frank C., Jr. Gottfried, Jennifer L. Munson, Chase A. Miziolek, Andrzej W. TI Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; REMOTE DETECTION; UNIQUE SCHEME; IDENTIFICATION; EXPLOSIVES; DISCRIMINATION; CLASSIFICATION; SPECTROMETRY AB The United States Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has been applying standoff laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to hazardous material detection and determination. We describe several standoff systems that have been developed by ARL and provide a brief overview of standoff LIBS progress at ARL. We also present some current standoff LIBS results from explosive residues on organic substrates and biomaterials from different growth media. These new preliminary results demonstrate that standoff LIBS has the potential to discriminate hazardous materials in more complex backgrounds. C1 [De Lucia, Frank C., Jr.; Gottfried, Jennifer L.; Munson, Chase A.; Miziolek, Andrzej W.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP De Lucia, FC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RI Gottfried, Jennifer/G-6333-2010; De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012; Munson, Chase/H-1667-2012 NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC PI DULUTH PA 131 W 1ST STREET, DULUTH, MN 55802 USA SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY-US JI Spectroscopy PD JUN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 6 BP 32 EP 38 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 456YC UT WOS:000266889400004 ER PT J AU Conrad, AK Jacoby, AM Jobes, DA Lineberry, TW Shea, CE Ewing, TDA Schmid, PJ Ellenbecker, SM Lee, JL Fritsche, K Grenell, JA Gehin, JM Kung, S AF Conrad, Amy K. Jacoby, Aaron M. Jobes, David A. Lineberry, Timothy W. Shea, Catherine E. Ewing, Theresa D. Arnold Schmid, Phyllis J. Ellenbecker, Susan M. Lee, Joy L. Fritsche, Kathryn Grenell, Jennifer A. Gehin, Jessica M. Kung, Simon TI A Psychometric Investigation of the Suicide Status Form II with a Psychiatric Inpatient Sample SO SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID SOMATIC ANXIETY STICSA; CLINICAL PREDICTORS; LIVING INVENTORY; TRAIT INVENTORY; SCALE; HOPELESSNESS; IDEATION; REASONS; OUTPATIENTS; RISK AB We investigated the psychometric validity and reliability of the Suicide Status Form-II (SSF-II) developed by Jobes, Jacoby, Cimbolic, and Hustead (1997). Participants were 149 psychiatric inpatients (108 suicidal; 41 nonsuicidal) at the Mayo Clinic. Each participant completed assessment measures within 24 hours of admission and 48-72 hours later. Factor analyses of the SSF core assessment produced a robust two-factor solution reflecting chronic and acute response styles. The SSF core assessment had good to excellent convergent and criterion validity; pre-post SSF ratings also demonstrated moderate test-retest reliability. The results replicated previous research and show that the SSF-II is psychometrically sound with a high-risk suicidal inpatient sample. C1 [Jobes, David A.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Conrad, Amy K.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Jacoby, Aaron M.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Lineberry, Timothy W.; Shea, Catherine E.; Ewing, Theresa D. Arnold; Schmid, Phyllis J.; Ellenbecker, Susan M.; Lee, Joy L.; Fritsche, Kathryn; Grenell, Jennifer A.; Gehin, Jessica M.; Kung, Simon] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. RP Jobes, DA (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Psychol, 314 OBoyle Hall, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM Jobes@cua.edu NR 45 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0363-0234 J9 SUICIDE LIFE-THREAT JI Suicide Life-Threat. Behav. PD JUN PY 2009 VL 39 IS 3 BP 307 EP 320 PG 14 WC Psychiatry; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 470CY UT WOS:000267952900006 PM 19606922 ER PT J AU Ereso, AQ Garcia, P Tseng, E Dua, MM Victorino, GP Guy, TS AF Ereso, Alexander Q. Garcia, Pablo Tseng, Elaine Dua, Monica M. Victorino, Gregory P. Guy, Thomas S. TI Usability of Robotic Platforms for Remote Surgical Teleproctoring SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article DE telemedicine; telesurgery; surgical teleproctoring; remote surgery; robotics/robotic surgery; telementoring; deployment medicine; and robotic skills ID GENERAL-SURGERY; COLORECTAL SURGERY; OPERATING-ROOM; SKILLS AB Military field hospitals and rural medical centers may lack surgical subspecialists. Robotic technology can enable proctoring of remotely located general surgeons by subspecialists. Our objective compared three proctoring platforms: (1) 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) computer input devices controlling a camera and laser pointer mounted on robotic arms, (2) a computer mouse controlling a pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) camera and robotic laser scanner, and (3) a computer pen/tablet controlling a PTZ-camera and robotic laser scanner. Our hypothesis was that a pen/tablet or mouse platform would be superior to the 6-DOF-input device platform. Five surgeons used each platform by simulating the creation of operative incisions. Qualitative (instrument handling, time, motion, spatial awareness) and quantitative performance (accuracy, speed) was assessed on a five-point scale. Each surgeon completed a satisfaction survey. Both mouse and pen/tablet had higher mean performance scores than the 6-DOF-input device in all quantitative (6-DOF = 1.7 +/- 0.8, mouse = 4.3 +/- 0.2, pen = 4.1 +/- 0.6; p < 0.001) and qualitative measures (6-DOF = 1.7 +/- 0.2, mouse = 4.8 +/- 0.0, pen = 4.6 +/- 0.1; p < 0.001). Handling, motion, and instrument awareness were superior with the mouse and pen/tablet versus 6-DOF-input devices (p < 0.0001). Speed and accuracy were also superior using the mouse or pen/tablet versus 6-DOF-input devices (p < 0.0001). Surgeons completed tasks faster using the mouse versus pen/tablet (p = 0.02). Satisfaction surveys revealed a preference for the mouse. This study demonstrates the superiority of a mouse or pen/tablet controlling a PTZ-camera and robotic laser scanner for remote surgical teleproctoring versus 6-DOF-input devices controlling a camera and laser pointer. Either a mouse or pen/tablet platform allows subspecialists to proctor remotely located surgeons. C1 [Tseng, Elaine; Guy, Thomas S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Adm, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. [Ereso, Alexander Q.; Dua, Monica M.; Victorino, Gregory P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, E Bay Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Garcia, Pablo] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Guy, Thomas S.] USA, Western Reg Med Command, Ft Lewis, WA USA. RP Guy, TS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Adm, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. EM sloanc.guy@va.gov FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [7KO36M7082] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command under MIPR No. 7KO36M7082. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-5627 EI 1556-3669 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD JUN PY 2009 VL 15 IS 5 BP 445 EP 453 DI 10.1089/tmj.2008.0164 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 462FI UT WOS:000267334300008 PM 19548825 ER PT J AU Pilakasiri, C Gibbons, RV Jarman, RG Supyapoung, S Myint, KSA AF Pilakasiri, Chaiyaphruk Gibbons, Robert V. Jarman, Richard G. Supyapoung, Somjai Myint, Khin Saw Aye TI Hepatitis antibody profile of Royal Thai Army nursing students SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE hepatitis; viral; human; seroprevalence; enzyme immunoassay; nursing students; Thailand ID VIRUS-INFECTION; A-VIRUS; SEROPREVALENCE AB We report on a viral hepatitis serosurvey done on 381 nursing students in Bangkok; 360 (94%) were female. The mean age was 20 (+/- 3.6) years (range 16-41 years); 143, 92, 86 and 59 students came from Thailand's Central, North, Northeast and South provinces, respectively. The overall prevalence of hepatitis A, B, C and E antibody in the students was 8.9%, 10.8%, 0.5% and 11.5%, respectively. The highest seroprevalence to hepatitis A was observed in cadets from the southern region of Thailand. Seroprevalence rates to hepatitis A and B were less than in other reported studies in Thailand. C1 [Gibbons, Robert V.; Jarman, Richard G.; Myint, Khin Saw Aye] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Pilakasiri, Chaiyaphruk] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Analyt Div, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Supyapoung, Somjai] Royal Thai Army Nursing Coll, Phramongkutklao Med Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Myint, KSA (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM myintk@afrims.org FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command FX We thank Kittinun Hussem and Chuanpis Ajariyakhajorn for their excellent technical support and Suchao Kumsawat for database support. This work was funded by the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the US Department of the Army or the US Department of Defense. The use of trade names is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the US Government or the Government of the Kingdom of Thailand. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD JUN PY 2009 VL 14 IS 6 BP 609 EP 611 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02264.x PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 462CI UT WOS:000267323200002 PM 19298636 ER PT J AU Corn, GS AF Corn, Geoffrey S. TI BACK TO THE FUTURE: DE FACTO HOSTILITIES, TRANSNATIONAL TERRORISM, AND THE PURPOSE OF THE LAW OF ARMED CONFLICT SO UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW LA English DT Article C1 [Corn, Geoffrey S.] USA, War Branch, Off Judge Advocate Gen, Int & Operat Law Div, Washington, DC USA. [Corn, Geoffrey S.] USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PENN LAW SCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3400 CHESTNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-6204 USA SN 1086-7872 J9 UNIV PA J INT LAW JI Univ. Pa. J. Int. Law PD SUM PY 2009 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1345 EP 1354 PG 10 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 457QD UT WOS:000266946200019 ER PT J AU Stigall, DE Blakesley, CL Jenks, C AF Stigall, Dan E. Blakesley, Christopher L. Jenks, Chris TI HUMAN RIGHTS AND MILITARY DECISIONS: COUNTERINSURGENCY AND TRENDS IN THE LAW OF INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT SO UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW LA English DT Article C1 [Stigall, Dan E.] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Blakesley, Christopher L.] Univ Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Blakesley, Christopher L.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Law, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Jenks, Chris] USA, Judge Advocate Gen Sch, Washington, DC USA. RP Stigall, DE (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PENN LAW SCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3400 CHESTNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-6204 USA SN 1086-7872 J9 UNIV PA J INT LAW JI Univ. Pa. J. Int. Law PD SUM PY 2009 VL 30 IS 4 BP 1367 EP 1381 PG 15 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 457QD UT WOS:000266946200021 ER PT J AU Klimas, C Murray, E Foti, T Pagan, J Williamson, M Langston, H AF Klimas, Charles Murray, Elizabeth Foti, Thomas Pagan, Jody Williamson, Malcolm Langston, Henry TI AN ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION MODEL FOR THE MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY BASED ON GEOMORPHOLOGY, SOILS, AND HYDROLOGY SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE GIS; hydrogeomorphic; potential natural vegetation; wetland classification ID CONSERVATION; RIVER AB Alternating braided and meandering stream flow regimes throughout the Quaternary Period have left a subtly complex landscape of depositional features within the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV). Prior to European settlement, those variations produced tremendous spatial complexity and diversity within vast forested wetlands and extensive fire-maintained prairies and savannas, with the distribution of specific plant communities largely reflecting abiotic site characteristics such as geomorphology, soils, and hydrology. Agricultural development, river engineering, flood protection, and drainage projects over the past century have destroyed most of the natural vegetation and obscured the patterns of plant community distribution. Recent studies have established hydrogeomorphic criteria for wetland classification over a large part of the MAV. Detailed, spatially explicit geomorphology and soils data are available for the entire MAV, and hydrologic mapping has been completed in many areas. Thus, even in areas that are currently in agriculture, the tools exist to adapt the hydrogeomorphic classification and to develop maps of potential plant community distribution based on abiotic characteristics of sites. These Potential Natural Vegetation maps provide an indication of the multi-scale complexity that once characterized the MAV, and serve as planning tools for ecosystem restoration. C1 [Klimas, Charles] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Murray, Elizabeth] Arkansas Game & Fish Commiss, Arkansas Multiagcy Wetland Planning Team, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Foti, Thomas] Arkansas Nat Heritage Commiss, Little Rock, AR 72201 USA. [Pagan, Jody] Five Oaks Wildlife Serv LLC, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Williamson, Malcolm] Univ Arkansas, Ctr Adv Spatial Technol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Langston, Henry] Arkansas State Highway & Transportat Dept, Little Rock, AR 72209 USA. RP Klimas, C (reprint author), Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM charles.v.klimas@usace.army.mil FU Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region VI, Dallas, TX; EPA; MAWPT; Vicksburg and Memphis Districts; USACE; USFWS Lower Mississippi Valley Joint Venture FX The wetland classification work presented here was based on a statewide program initiated by the Arkansas Multi-Agency Wetland Planning Team (MAWPT) and funded by grants to the State of Arkansas from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region VI, Dallas, TX. In-kind services were provided by the MAWPT member and partner agencies: the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission, Arkansas Natural Resources Commission, Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, Arkansas Forestry Commission, Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality, Arkansas Department Highways and Transportation, and the University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service. Various stages in the development of the PNV maps were funded by the EPA and MAWPT, the Vicksburg and Memphis Districts, USACE, and by the USFWS Lower Mississippi Valley Joint Venture. In addition to the authors, participants in some phases of the work included R. Daniel Smith, of the USACE Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA, and Adam Barnes, Bruce Gorham, Linda Komlos, and Lee Harrell of the University of Arkansas Center for Advanced Spatial Technologies. We thank Leigh Fredrickson and two anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments and Suggestions. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 19 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 2 BP 430 EP 450 PG 21 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 483SD UT WOS:000268987300003 ER PT J AU Franklin, SB Kupfer, JA Pezeshki, SR Gentry, R Smith, RD AF Franklin, Scott B. Kupfer, John A. Pezeshki, S. Reza Gentry, Randy Smith, R. Daniel TI COMPLEX EFFECTS OF CHANNELIZATION AND LEVEE CONSTRUCTION ON WESTERN TENNESSEE FLOODPLAIN FOREST FUNCTION SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE ecology; hydrology; nutrient pools; productivity; soil redox ID LARGE RIVER FLOODPLAIN; FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; STREAM CHANNELIZATION; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; COASTAL-PLAIN; SEDIMENT; PATTERNS; USA; RESTORATION AB Data on vegetation composition and structure, soil and leaf nutrient pools, soil redox potential, and surface water hydrologic connectivity were collected from floodplains along six river reaches in western Tennessee to examine the effects of channel modifications on associated riparian systems. Comparisons among channelization treatments (non-channelized reaches, channelized and leveed reaches, channelized but non-leveed reaches) and floodplain geomorphology (depression and nondepressional sites) showed that hydrologic connectivity was affected by channelization treatments, particularly leveeing. The disconnected floodplains were drier, maintained higher nutrient pools, and had greater herbaceous biomass than floodplains still connected to channel hydrology. Runoff onto floodplains from the agriculturally dominated landscape of channelized and leveed tributaries, and flooding stress in the form of scour on floodplains along streams without levees may explain the observed pattern. Channel and floodplain hydrologic processes were most strongly connected for unchannelized streams. Unchannelized streams were varied in soil redox potential, water table, and nutrient pools. Vegetation composition reflects both historical hydrologic regimes and disturbances, and thus complex relationships to channel modifications. Results suggest both the subsidy (i.e., nutrient inputs) and the stress of flood events have been altered by anthropogenic activities, but these alterations were greatest in channelized systems compared to unchannelized systems. C1 [Franklin, Scott B.] Univ No Colorado, Sch Biol Sci, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. [Franklin, Scott B.; Kupfer, John A.] Edward J Meeman Biol Field Stn, Millington, TN 38053 USA. [Kupfer, John A.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Geog, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Pezeshki, S. Reza] Univ Memphis, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Gentry, Randy] Univ Tennessee, SE Water Resources Inst, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Smith, R. Daniel] USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Franklin, SB (reprint author), Univ No Colorado, Sch Biol Sci, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. EM Scott.Franklin@unco.edu RI Kupfer, John/H-4066-2011; Gentry, Randall/J-8177-2012 OI Gentry, Randall/0000-0003-2477-8127 FU Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers FX This research was supported by the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. We especially wish to thank Ellen Williams (TDEC) for her help and Steve Stephenson for allowing data collection from the Milan Arsenal. We also thank the many people who assisted in the data collection and analysis, especially Natasja van Gestel, Tanya Scheff, Ryan Hanson, Stacy Anderson, Karla Gage, Kit Brown, Melissa Lee, Mitch Elcan, and Jason Farmer. Facilities provided by the Edward J. Meeman Biological Field Station were essential for the project's completion. NR 62 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 29 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 2 BP 451 EP 464 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 483SD UT WOS:000268987300004 ER PT J AU Mehta, S Bautista, RM Adams, BD AF Mehta, Sumeru Bautista, Roger M. Adams, Bruce D. TI Role of first-drawn indeterminate troponin-I levels in the Emergency Department SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Letter DE Troponin; Emergency service; Hospital; Chest pain; Coronary disease; Treatment outcome; Indeterminate ID ACUTE CHEST-PAIN AB For Emergency Department (ED) patients presenting with acute chest pain, troponin-I (TnI) is reported not just as negative or positive, but also within an "indeterminate range". We reviewed 150 patients with a first-drawn ED TnI level in the indeterminate range (0.08-0.79 ng/dL) and compared outcomes to 150 control patients with a negative TnI. An initial ED indeterminate TnI yielded a statistically significant association with a composite adverse outcome (44% vs. 24%; OR = 2.49; CI = 1.52-4.08). Indeterminate TnI also showed a significantly increased risk of both an acute myocardial infarction and of the need for an invasive cardiac procedure during the admission. Our study further supports the hypothesis that any detectable level of TnI increases risk of cardiovascular events during acute hospitalization. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mehta, Sumeru; Bautista, Roger M.; Adams, Bruce D.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, SAUSHEC Emergency Med Residency Program, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Bliss, TX 79920 USA. EM bruce.adams@amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0167-5273 J9 INT J CARDIOL JI Int. J. Cardiol. PD MAY 29 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 3 BP 417 EP 418 DI 10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.12.100 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 448LR UT WOS:000266264600026 PM 18353463 ER PT J AU Weiss, BM Abadie, J Verma, P Howard, RS Kuehl, WM AF Weiss, Brendan M. Abadie, Jude Verma, Pramvir Howard, Robin S. Kuehl, W. Michael TI A monoclonal gammopathy precedes multiple myeloma in most patients SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE MGUS; INDEPENDENT RISK-FACTOR; LIGHT-CHAIN RATIO; LONG-TERM; FOLLOW-UP; PROGRESSION; PROGNOSIS; SURVIVAL AB Preexisting plasma cell disorders, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, or smoldering myeloma are present in at least one-third of multiple myeloma patients. However, the proportion of patients with a preexisting plasma cell disorder has never been determined by laboratory testing on prediagnostic sera. We cross-referenced our autologous stem cell transplantation database with the Department of Defense Serum Repository. Serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation electrophoresis, and serum free light-chain analysis were performed on all sera collected 2 or more years before diagnosis to detect a monoclonal gammopathy (M-Ig). In 30 of 90 patients, 110 prediagnostic samples were available from 2.2 to 15.3 years before diagnosis. An M-Ig was detected initially in 27 of 30 patients (90%, 95% confidence interval, 74%-97%); by serum protein electrophoresis and/or immunofixation electrophoresis in 21 patients (77.8%), and only by serum free lightchain analysis in 6 patients (22.2%). Four patients had only one positive sample within 4 years before diagnosis, with all preceding sera negative. All 4 patients with light-chain/nonsecretory myeloma evolved from a light-chain M-Ig. A preexisting M-Ig is present in most multiple myeloma patients before diagnosis. Some patients progress rapidly through a premalignant phase. Light-chain detected M-Ig is a new entity that requires further study. (Blood. 2009; 113: 5418-5422) C1 [Weiss, Brendan M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Abadie, Jude] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Abadie, Jude] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Area Lab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Verma, Pramvir] Womack Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Dept Med, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Howard, Robin S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Kuehl, W. Michael] NCI, Genet Branch, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Weiss, BM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Serv, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM brendan.weiss@us.army.mil FU Walter Reed Army Medical Center; Armed Forces Health Surveillance Agency (Silver Spring, MD);; National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute; Center for Cancer Research FX The authors thank Dr Karen van Hoeven of The Binding Site Inc.; Drs Angelia Eick and Mark Rubertone at the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Agency; and Ms Debra Marks and Ms Sue Vernigor in the Department of Pathology and Area Laboratory Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center.; This work was supported by the facilities and resources of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center; the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Agency (Silver Spring, MD); the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; and a gift of laboratory supplies from The Binding Site Inc. These sponsors had no role in the study design, data analysis, data interpretation, manuscript writing, or the decision to submit for publication. NR 23 TC 207 Z9 211 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 2021 L ST NW, SUITE 900, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 EI 1528-0020 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD MAY 28 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 22 BP 5418 EP 5422 DI 10.1182/blood-2008-12-195008 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 453TD UT WOS:000266634700012 PM 19234139 ER PT J AU Yau, AD Byrd, EFC Rice, BM AF Yau, Anthony D. Byrd, Edward F. C. Rice, Betsy M. TI An Investigation of KS-DFT Electron Densities used in Atoms-in-Molecules Studies of Energetic Molecules SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CAMBRIDGE STRUCTURAL DATABASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE PREDICTION; IMPACT SENSITIVITIES; CHARGE-DENSITY; DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; ORBITAL METHODS; BASIS-SETS; SALTS; HEATS; PENTAERYTHRITOL AB The atoms-in-molecules (AIM) theory has been proposed as a method to understand chemical stability through stationary properties of the electron density. To assess the applicability of this method for establishing such correlations with various performance and vulnerability properties of energetic materials, we calculated the Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT) wavefunctions and their subsequent AIM data for representative materials, including hexanitrobenzene (HNB), pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), pentanitroaniline (PNA), 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), ethylenedinitramine (EDNA), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7), 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), nitroguanidine (NQ), 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), and the TATB dimer using the B3LYP, PBE, and PW91 potentials as well as Hartree-Fock (HF). For the HNB and HMX molecules and the TATB dimer, the number of critical points in the low-density regions of the density gradient vector field varied, sometimes dramatically, with basis set and potential even at their individually optimized geometries. Adding ghost atoms in the low-density regions also affected the existence of critical points. The variation was seen in results generated with three separate AIM software packages, AIMPAC, AIMAll, and InteGriTy. This inconsistency implies that KS-DFT wavefunctions can have significant variation in the topology of the electron density to such an extent that these calculations cannot be used to justify the existence or absence of low-density critical points. Therefore, predictions of the stability of a molecule based solely on properties of low-density bond critical points generated from a single DFT calculation are questionable. C1 [Yau, Anthony D.; Byrd, Edward F. C.; Rice, Betsy M.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Yau, AD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM anthony.yau@arl.army.mil NR 56 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAY 28 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 21 BP 6166 EP 6171 DI 10.1021/jp9010845 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 448XY UT WOS:000266296500017 PM 19361182 ER PT J AU Willoughby, LM Schnitzler, MA Brennan, DC Pinsky, BW Dzebisashvili, N Buchanan, PM Neri, L Rocca-Rey, LA Abbott, KC Lentine, KL AF Willoughby, Lisa M. Schnitzler, Mark A. Brennan, Daniel C. Pinsky, Brett W. Dzebisashvili, Nino Buchanan, Paula M. Neri, Luca Rocca-Rey, Lisa A. Abbott, Kevin C. Lentine, Krista L. TI Early Outcomes of Thymoglobulin and Basiliximab Induction in Kidney Transplantation: Application of Statistical Approaches to Reduce Bias in Observational Comparisons SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Basiliximab; Immunosuppression; Outcome assessment; Registries; Renal transplantation; Thymoglobulin ID RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; MYCOPHENOLATE-MOFETIL; ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION REGIMENS; ANTILYMPHOCYTE ANTIBODIES; STEROID WITHDRAWAL; RECIPIENTS; THERAPY; CYCLOSPORINE; MULTICENTER AB Background. Retrospective comparison of treatment-related kidney transplant outcomes may be facilitated by multi-variable statistical adjustments and case-matching. Methods. We studied Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network registry data for kidney transplants in 2001 to 2005 managed with thymoglobulin, basiliximab, or no antibody induction and discharge maintenance immunosuppression regimens of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. The primary outcome was the 6 month, Food and Drug Administration-approved composite endpoint of rejection, graft failure, or death. Outcomes according to induction exposure were compared using logistic regression analysis, exposure likelihood matching, and outcome risk score matching. Results. All statistical approaches demonstrated lower rates of the 6-month triple endpoint with thymoglobulin compared with basiliximab when steroids were present, with approximately 22% adjusted, relative reduction by logistic regression analysis and 3% absolute reductions by matching approaches. When steroids were absent, risk reduction among thymoglobulin versus basiliximab-treated patients was of larger magnitude but borderline statistical significance. Triple endpoint incidence was lower with both induction regimens compared with no induction across methods. Estimated sample sizes necessary to detect the observed differences between induction types in the presence of steroids in a prospective trial ranged from 1600 to nearly 7000 patients. Conclusions. Consistency across statistical approaches suggests superiority of thymoglobulin compared with basiliximab or no antibody induction therapy for 6-month kidney transplant outcomes in the modern immunosuppression era. As the sample sizes necessary to power a prospective superiority trial are likely prohibitive, studies such as these provide clinically relevant information that may not be otherwise attainable. C1 [Lentine, Krista L.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, Salus Ctr, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Willoughby, Lisa M.] St Louis Univ, Dept Res Methodol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Brennan, Daniel C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, St Louis, MO USA. [Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Lentine, Krista L.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Lentine, KL (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, Salus Ctr, Sch Med, 2nd Floor,3545 Lafayette Ave, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM lentine.krista@stanfordalumni.org OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 FU National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [P30DK079333, K08DK073036]; Genzyme, Inc. FX This work was supported by National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) grants P30DK079333 (D.C.B.) and K08DK073036 (K.L.L.), and Genzyme, Inc. (M.A.S.). NR 29 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD MAY 27 PY 2009 VL 87 IS 10 BP 1520 EP 1529 DI 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181a484d7 PG 10 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 450WH UT WOS:000266431500014 PM 19461489 ER PT J AU Xie, LH Li, QG Zhang, J Weina, PJ AF Xie, Lisa H. Li, Qigui Zhang, Jing Weina, Peter J. TI Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and mass balance of radiolabeled dihydroartemisinin in male rats SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ENTEROHEPATIC CIRCULATION; BILIARY-EXCRETION; PROTEIN-BINDING; IN-VITRO; ARTESUNATE; MALARIA; ARTEMETHER; ARTEETHER; BIOAVAILABILITY; NEUROTOXICITY AB Background: Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a powerful anti-malarial drug, has been used as monotherapy and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for more than decades. So far, however, the tissue distribution and metabolic profile of DHA data are not available from animal and humans. Methods: Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, mass balance, and elimination of [C-14] DHA have been studieded in rats following a single intravenous administration. Protein binding was performed with rat and human plasma. Drug concentrations were obtained up to 192 hr from measurements of total radioactivity and drug concentration to determine the contribution by the parent and metabolites to the total dose of drug injected from whole blood, plasma, urine and faecal samples. Results: Drug was widely distributed after 1 hr and rapidly declined at 24 hr in all tissues except spleen until 96 hrs. Only 0.81% of the total radioactivity was detected in rat brain tissue. DHA revealed a high binding capacity with both rat and human plasma proteins (76-82%). The concentration of total radioactivity in the plasma fraction was less than 25% of that in blood total. Metabolism of DHA was observed with high excretion via bile into intestines and approximately 89-95% dose of all conjugations were accounted for in blood, urine and faeces. However, the majority of elimination of [C-14] DHA was through urinary excretion (52% dose). The mean terminal half-lives of plasma and blood radioactivity (75.57-122.13 h) were significantly prolonged compared with that of unchanged DHA (1.03 h). Conclusion: In rat brain, the total concentration of [C-14] was 2-fold higher than that in plasma, indicating the radioactivity could easily penetrate the brain-blood barrier. Total radioactivity distributed in RBC was about three-to four-fold higher than that in plasma, suggesting that the powerful anti-malarial potency of DHA in the treatment of blood stage malaria may relate to the high RBC binding. Biliary excretion and multiple concentration peaks of DHA have been demonstrated with high urinary excretion due to a most likely drug re-absorption in the intestines (enterohepatic circulation). The long lasting metabolites of DHA (> 192 hr) in the rats may be also related to the enterohepatic circulation. C1 [Xie, Lisa H.; Li, Qigui; Zhang, Jing; Weina, Peter J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Li, QG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM lisa.xie@amedd.army.mil; qigui.li@amedd.army.mil; jing.zhang@amedd.army.mil; peter.weina@amedd.army.mil RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011 FU United States Army Research and Materiel Command FX This study was supported by the United States Army Research and Materiel Command. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official, or as reflecting true views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD MAY 26 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 112 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-8-112 PG 14 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 461EE UT WOS:000267246600001 PM 19470172 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Ochoa, W Singh, P Hsu, C Schneemann, A Manchester, M Olson, M Reddy, V AF Kumar, Shantanu Ochoa, Wendy Singh, Pratik Hsu, Catherine Schneemann, Anette Manchester, Marianne Olson, Mark Reddy, Vijay TI Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), a versatile platform for polyvalent display of antigenic epitopes and vaccine design SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Virus-like particles; Tomato bushy stunt virus; Capsid display; Vaccine design; Ricin vaccine ID CRYOELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SYSTEM; BACTERIOPHAGE-T4; RECONSTRUCTION; PARTICLES; PROTEIN; VISUALIZATION; RESOLUTION; INDUCTION; PEPTIDES AB Viruses-like particles (VLPs) are frequently being used as platforms for polyvalent display of foreign epitopes of interest oil their capsid Surface to improve their presentation enhancing the antigenicity and host immune response. In the present study, we used the VLPs of Tomato bushy Stunt Virus (TBSV). all icosahedral plant virus, as a platform to display 180 copies of 16 amino acid epitopes of ricin toxin fused to the C-terminal end of a modified TBSV capsid protein (N Delta 52). Expression of the chimeric recombinant protein in insect cells resulted in spontaneous assembly of VLPs displaying the ricin epitope. Cryo-electron microscopy and image reconstruction of the chimeric VLPs at 22 (A) over cap resolution revealed the locations all(] orientation of the ricin epitope exposed on the TBSV capsid Surface. Furthermore, injection of chimeric VI-l's into mice generated antisera that detected the native ricin toxin. The ease of fusing of short peptides of 15-20 residues and their ability to form two kinds (T=1, T=3) of bio-nanoparticles that result in the display of 60 or 180 copies of less constrained and highly exposed antigenic epitopes makes TBSV all attractive and versatile display platform for vaccine design. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kumar, Shantanu; Ochoa, Wendy; Hsu, Catherine; Schneemann, Anette; Reddy, Vijay] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, TPC 6, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Singh, Pratik; Manchester, Marianne] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Olson, Mark] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Reddy, V (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, TPC 6, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM reddyv@scripps.edu OI Manchester, Marianne/0000-0002-7143-5744 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA112075] NR 26 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAY 25 PY 2009 VL 388 IS 1 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2009.02.051 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 448UY UT WOS:000266288700020 PM 19344926 ER PT J AU Walley, NM Julg, B Dickson, SP Fellay, J Ge, D Walker, BD Carrington, M Cohen, MS de Bakker, PIW Goldstein, DB Shianna, KV Haynes, BF Letvin, NL McMichael, AJ Michael, NL Weintrob, AC AF Walley, Nicole M. Julg, Boris Dickson, Samuel P. Fellay, Jacques Ge, Dongliang Walker, Bruce D. Carrington, Mary Cohen, Myron S. de Bakker, Paul I. W. Goldstein, David B. Shianna, Kevin V. Haynes, Barton F. Letvin, Norman L. McMichael, Andrew J. Michael, Nelson L. Weintrob, Amy C. TI The Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines Null Promoter Variant Does Not Influence HIV-1 Acquisition or Disease Progression SO CELL HOST & MICROBE LA English DT Letter ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION C1 [Weintrob, Amy C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20307 USA. [Walley, Nicole M.; Dickson, Samuel P.; Fellay, Jacques; Ge, Dongliang; Goldstein, David B.; Shianna, Kevin V.] Duke Univ, Ctr Human Genome Variat, Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Walley, Nicole M.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Haynes, Barton F.] Duke Univ, Duke Human Vaccine Inst, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Julg, Boris; Walker, Bruce D.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp E, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. [Julg, Boris; Walker, Bruce D.] MIT, Ragon Inst, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. [Walker, Bruce D.] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. [Carrington, Mary] NCI Frederick, Canc & Inflammat Program, Expt Immunol Lab, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Cohen, Myron S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Cohen, Myron S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Cohen, Myron S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [de Bakker, Paul I. W.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Program Med & Populat Genet & Genet Anal Platform, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [de Bakker, Paul I. W.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Letvin, Norman L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Viral Pathogenesis, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [McMichael, Andrew J.] John Radcliffe Hosp, Weatherall Inst Mol Med, Human Immunol Unit, Med Res Council, Oxford OX3 9DS, England. [Michael, Nelson L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Weintrob, AC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20307 USA. EM amy.weintrob@us.army.mil RI Ge, Dongliang/A-2073-2010; de Bakker, Paul/B-8730-2009; Fellay, Jacques/A-6681-2009 OI de Bakker, Paul/0000-0001-7735-7858; Fellay, Jacques/0000-0002-8240-939X FU CCR NIH HHS [HHSN261200800001C]; Intramural NIH HHS; Medical Research Council [MC_U137884177]; NCI NIH HHS [HHSN261200800001E]; NIAID NIH HHS [HU0001-05-2-0011]; PHS HHS [HHSN261200800001E] NR 6 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1931-3128 J9 CELL HOST MICROBE JI Cell Host Microbe PD MAY 21 PY 2009 VL 5 IS 5 BP 408 EP 410 DI 10.1016/j.chom.2009.04.011 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 450RZ UT WOS:000266419800002 PM 19454339 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, R Sann, NJ Kvecher, L Ellsworth, DL Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, R. Sann, N. J. Kvecher, L. Ellsworth, D. L. Shriver, C. D. TI Is a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer an effective motivational factor for lifestyle change? SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2009 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Windber, PA USA. Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 15 SU S MA 9602,52 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 582OF UT WOS:000276606606220 PM 27963829 ER PT J AU Gerber, NL Diao, G Stout, N Soballe, P McGarvey, C Pfalzer, L Springer, B Shieh, C AF Gerber, N. L. Diao, G. Stout, N. Soballe, P. McGarvey, C. Pfalzer, L. Springer, B. Shieh, C. TI Correlates of clinically significant fatigue in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2009 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Michigan, Flint, MI 48503 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. RI Diao, Guoqing/B-9513-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 15 SU S MA e20517 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 582OF UT WOS:000276606606274 PM 27960913 ER PT J AU Morrison, C Gaile, D Darcy, K Liu, S Shepherd, L Cohn, D McMeekin, S Nowak, N Maxwell, L AF Morrison, C. Gaile, D. Darcy, K. Liu, S. Shepherd, L. Cohn, D. McMeekin, S. Nowak, N. Maxwell, L. TI A Gynecologic Oncology Group study of frequent copy number aberrations in African American versus Caucasian women with stage I versus stage IIIC/IV endometrioid endometrial cancer SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2009 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 [Morrison, C.; Gaile, D.; Darcy, K.; Liu, S.; Shepherd, L.; Cohn, D.; McMeekin, S.; Nowak, N.; Maxwell, L.] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Morrison, C.; Gaile, D.; Darcy, K.; Liu, S.; Shepherd, L.; Cohn, D.; McMeekin, S.; Nowak, N.; Maxwell, L.] Ohio State Univ, Med Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Morrison, C.; Gaile, D.; Darcy, K.; Liu, S.; Shepherd, L.; Cohn, D.; McMeekin, S.; Nowak, N.; Maxwell, L.] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Canc, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Morrison, C.; Gaile, D.; Darcy, K.; Liu, S.; Shepherd, L.; Cohn, D.; McMeekin, S.; Nowak, N.; Maxwell, L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 15 SU S MA e16501 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 582OF UT WOS:000276606600098 PM 27960767 ER PT J AU Rice, K Peay, K Hudak, J Elsamanoudi, S Travis, J Lockhart, R Jennifer, C Black, L Hogue, S Brassell, S AF Rice, K. Peay, K. Hudak, J. Elsamanoudi, S. Travis, J. Lockhart, R. Jennifer, C. Black, L. Hogue, S. Brassell, S. TI Factors for choosing prostate cancer treatment and resulting impact on health related quality of life SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2009 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Washington, DC USA. GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 15 SU S MA 9601,51 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 582OF UT WOS:000276606606219 PM 27963832 ER PT J AU Khabiry, M Chung, BG Hancock, MJ Soundararajan, HC Du, YN Cropek, D Lee, WG Khademhosseini, A AF Khabiry, Masoud Chung, Bong Geun Hancock, Matthew J. Soundararajan, Harish Chandra Du, Yanan Cropek, Donald Lee, Won Gu Khademhosseini, Ali TI Cell Docking in Double Grooves in a Microfluidic Channel SO SMALL LA English DT Article DE cell docking; cell patterning; double grooves; microfluidics ID DRIVEN CAVITY; FLOW; BIOLOGY; MICROSTRUCTURES; CULTURE; FUTURE; ARRAYS; CHIP AB Microstructures that generate shear-protected regions in microchannels can rapidly immobilize cells for cell-based biosensing and drug screening. Here, a two-step fabrication method is used to generate double microgrooves with various depth ratios to achieve controlled double-level cell patterning while still providing shear protection. Six microgroove geometries are fabricated with different groove widths and depth ratios. Two modes of cell docking are observed: cells docked upstream in sufficiently deep and narrow grooves, and downstream in shallow, wide grooves. Computational flow simulations link the groove geometry and bottom shear stress to the experimental cell docking patterns. Analysis of the experimental cell retention in the double grooves demonstrates its linear dependence on inlet flow speed, with slope inversely proportional to the sheltering provided by the groove geometry. Thus, double-grooved microstructures in microfluidic channels provide shear-protected regions for cell docking and immobilization and appear promising for cell-based biosensing and drug discovery. C1 [Khabiry, Masoud; Chung, Bong Geun; Hancock, Matthew J.; Soundararajan, Harish Chandra; Du, Yanan; Lee, Won Gu; Khademhosseini, Ali] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Ctr Biomed Engn,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Khabiry, Masoud; Chung, Bong Geun; Hancock, Matthew J.; Soundararajan, Harish Chandra; Du, Yanan; Lee, Won Gu; Khademhosseini, Ali] MIT, Harvard Mit Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cropek, Donald] USA, Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Khademhosseini, A (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Ctr Biomed Engn,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM alik@mit.edu RI Hancock, Matthew/G-3859-2010; Khademhosseini, Ali/A-9435-2010; OI Hancock, Matthew/0000-0001-9820-3620; Khademhosseini, Ali/0000-0002-2692-1524; Khademhosseini, Ali/0000-0001-6322-8852 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL092836-01A1, R01 HL092836]; NIBIB NIH HHS [R21 EB007249, R21 EB007249-02]; NIDCR NIH HHS [RL1 DE019024-02, RL1 DE019024-03, RL1 DE019024] NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1613-6810 J9 SMALL JI Small PD MAY 18 PY 2009 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1186 EP 1194 DI 10.1002/smll.200801644 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 448YK UT WOS:000266297700015 PM 19242937 ER PT J AU Natesan, M Cooper, MA Tran, JP Rivera, VR Poli, MA AF Natesan, Mohan Cooper, Matthew A. Tran, Julie P. Rivera, Victor R. Poli, Mark A. TI Quantitative Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B by Resonant Acoustic Profiling SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-SYNDROME TOXIN; PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL IMMUNOSENSOR; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; SENSITIVE DETECTION; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; HUMAN-ANTIBODIES; MICROBALANCE; BIOSENSOR; SUPERANTIGENS; LOCALIZATION AB A rapid and sensitive detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) was developed using a novel acoustic sensing technique: Resonant Acoustic Profiling (RAP), which utilizes high-frequency piezoelectric quartz resonators for monitoring biomolecular interactions. An automated four-channel instrument consisting of acoustic sensors covalently conjugated with anti-SEB antibodies was used. As the samples flowed across control and active sensors simultaneously, binding was measured as a change in the resonant frequency. The lower limit Of detection (LWD) for the label free direct format was 25 ng/mL. Detection sensitivity was increased by adding mass sequentially to the captured SEB on the sensor in the form of sandwich antibodies and biotin-avidin-based gold nanoparticles. The LLOD for the mass enhanced formats were 5 and 0.5 ng/mL of SEB, respectively. The lowest sensitivity corresponds to 1.3 fM in a 75 mu L sample. The total assay time including the enhancement steps was less than 10 min. SEB was detected in both neat urine and PBS buffer-spiked samples, with linear correlations between resonant frequency signals and SEB concentrations (R-2 of 0.999 and 0.998, respectively). No significant cross-reactivity was observed with homologue toxins SEA, SED, and TSST, but some cross-reactivity was observed with the closely related toxin SEC, when we used a polyclonal antibody in the assay.,SEC, cross-reactivity was not observed when a SEB-specific monoclonal antibody was employed in the assay. Thus the specificity of the assay presented here was dependent on the quality of the antibodies used. In addition to detection, we evaluated RAP's ability to measure the toxin in unknown samples rapidly by measuring the initial binding rate of the interaction, thereby further shortening the assay time to 6 min. C1 [Natesan, Mohan; Tran, Julie P.; Rivera, Victor R.; Poli, Mark A.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Cooper, Matthew A.] Cambridge Med Innovat Ltd, Cambridge CB4 0GJ, England. [Tran, Julie P.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Natesan, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM mohan.natesan@us.army.mil RI Cooper, Matthew/C-7988-2009; OI Cooper, Matthew/0000-0003-3147-3460 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI-061243-02] FX This work was supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Grant No. AI-061243-02. J.P.T. was supported by the Oak Ridge Institute of Science Education. The authors thank Dwayne Neal for performing preliminary studies and Luis A. Raez for technical help. Research on human urine samples was conducted in compliance with DoD, Federal, and State statutes and regulations relating to the protection of human subjects and adheres to principles identified in the Belmont Report (1979). All data and human urine samples research was gathered and conducted for this publication under an IRB approved protocol, number FY-07-23. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U.S. Army. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 2009 VL 81 IS 10 BP 3896 EP 3902 DI 10.1021/ac900086t PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 446BL UT WOS:000266095100026 PM 19374426 ER PT J AU Cho, YM Ghosh, U Kennedy, AJ Grossman, A Ray, G Tomaszewski, JE Smithenry, DW Bridges, TS Luthy, RG AF Cho, Yeo-Myoung Ghosh, Upal Kennedy, Alan J. Grossman, Adam Ray, Gary Tomaszewski, Jeanne E. Smithenry, Dennis W. Bridges, Todd S. Luthy, Richard G. TI Field Application of Activated Carbon Amendment for In-Situ Stabilization of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Marine Sediment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DEPOSIT-FEEDING CLAM; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; MACOMA-BALTHICA; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT; PAH BIOAVAILABILITY; REDUCE PCB; BIOACCUMULATION; SEQUESTRATION; DDT AB We report results on the first field-scale application of activated carbon (AC) amendment to contaminated sediment for in-situ stabilization of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The test was performed on a tidal mud flat at South Basin, adjacent to the former Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, San Francisco Bay, CA. The major goals of the field study were to (1) assess scale up of the AC mixing technology using two available, large-scale devices, (2) validate the effectiveness of the AC amendment at the field scale, and (3) identify possible adverse effects of the remediation technology. Also, the test allowed comparison among monitoring tools, evaluation of longer-term effectiveness of AC amendment, and identification of field-related factors that confound the performance of in-situ biological assessments. Following background pretreatment measurements, we successfully incorporated AC into sediment to a nominal 30 cm depth during a single mixing event, as confirmed by total organic carbon and black carbon contents in the designated test plots. The measured AC dose averaged 2.0-3.2 wt% and varied depending on sampling locations and mixing equipment AC amendment did not impact sediment resuspension or PCB release into the water column over the treatment plots, nor adversely impact the existing macro benthic community composition, richness, or diversity. The PCB bioaccumulation in marine clams was reduced when exposed to sediment treated with 2% AC in comparison to the control plot. Field-deployed semi permeable membrane devices and polyethylene devices showed about 50% reduction in PCB uptake in AC-treated sediment and similar reduction in estimated pore-water PCB concentration. This reduction was evident even after 13-month post-treatment with then 7 months of continuous exposure, indicating AC treatment efficacy was retained for an extended period. Aqueous equilibrium PCB concentrations and PCB desorption showed an AC-dose response. Field-exposed AC after 18 months retained a strong stabilization capability to reduce aqueous equilibrium PCB concentrations by about 90%, which also supports the long-term effectiveness of AC in the field. Additional mixing during or after AC deployment, increasing AC dose, reducing AC-particle size, and sequential deployment of AC dose will likely improve AC-sediment contact and overall effectiveness. The reductions in PCB availability observed with slow mass transfer under field conditions calls for predictive models to assess the long-term trends in pore-water PCB concentrations and the benefits of alternative in-situ AC application and mixing strategies. C1 [Cho, Yeo-Myoung; Luthy, Richard G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ghosh, Upal; Grossman, Adam] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Kennedy, Alan J.; Ray, Gary; Bridges, Todd S.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Tomaszewski, Jeanne E.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, ETH Zentrum, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Smithenry, Dennis W.] Elmhurst Coll, Dept Educ, Elmhurst, IL 60126 USA. RP Luthy, RG (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 473 Via Ortega,Room 313B, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM luthy@stanford.edu FU Department of Defense Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) [ER-0510]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [ER-1552]; Stanford Graduate Fellowship FX This project was supported by the Department of Defense Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP), project ER-0510, and Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), project ER-1552. Yeo-Myoung Cho was supported by a Stanford Graduate Fellowship. We thank Ryan Ahlersmeyer (Tetra Tech EC, Inc., San Diego, CA), Keith Forman (U.S. Navy, NAVFAC Southwest Division, San Diego, CA), Dane Jensen (U.S. Navy NAVFAC, Southwest Division, San Diego, CA, Remedial Project Manager for Hunters Point Parcel F), and Leslie Lundgren (Tetra Tech EM, Inc., San Francisco, CA) for their assistance in developing the project demonstration plan and the health and safety plan, and in providing access to the site. We thank Lance Dohman (Aquatic Environments, Inc.) and Mark A. Fleri (Compass Environmental, Inc.) for development and deployment of the field-scale mixing devices. We acknowledge the support of Allyson Harrison, Rod Millward, Jessica Coleman, William Blackburn, lamma Williams, and Jennifer Goss for significant field and laboratory assistance. NR 29 TC 110 Z9 118 U1 4 U2 88 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAY 15 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 10 BP 3815 EP 3823 DI 10.1021/es802931c PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 445JI UT WOS:000266046700066 PM 19544893 ER PT J AU Alfredsson, KS Gillespie, JW Carlsson, LA Bogetti, TA Yiournas, A AF Alfredsson, K. S. Gillespie, J. W., Jr. Carlsson, L. A. Bogetti, T. A. Yiournas, A. TI Flexure analysis of unsymmetric orthotropic beams with an interlayer SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE Beam; Bending; Layers; Material combination; Rubbers; Shear deformation ID TRANSVERSELY FLEXIBLE CORE; SANDWICH PANELS; BONDED JOINTS; ORDER THEORY; COMPOSITE; PLATES; ARMOR AB This paper presents a layer-wise stress and deformation analysis of a three-layer beam configuration consisting of two dissimilar orthotropic adherends of different thicknesses that are joined together by a deformable interlayer of finite thickness. Analytical solutions for the case of three-point flexure loading are presented for both compressible and incompressible interlayers. Parametric analysis reveals the influences of asymmetry of moduli and adherend thicknesses, interlayer thickness, and overhang of the beams on the beam compliance. Analytical predictions of beam compliance show very good agreement with finite element results. Experimental measurements of compliance of various unsymmetric beams consisting of aluminum adherends separated by a rubber interlayer were performed in order to validate the analysis. Excellent agreement between measured and predicted compliance values was observed. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Alfredsson, K. S.] Univ Skovde, Div Mech Engn, S-54128 Skovde, Sweden. [Gillespie, J. W., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gillespie, J. W., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Carlsson, L. A.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Bogetti, T. A.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Yiournas, A.] Dynam Sci Inc, DTSD, Aberdeen, MD 21001 USA. RP Alfredsson, KS (reprint author), Univ Skovde, Div Mech Engn, POB 408, S-54128 Skovde, Sweden. EM svante.alfredsson@his.se NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD MAY 15 PY 2009 VL 46 IS 10 BP 2093 EP 2110 DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2008.07.024 PG 18 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA 445IW UT WOS:000266045500011 ER PT J AU Uhlig, WC Donahue, MJ Pierce, DT Unguris, J AF Uhlig, W. C. Donahue, M. J. Pierce, D. T. Unguris, J. TI Direct imaging of current-driven domain walls in ferromagnetic nanostripes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ferromagnetic materials; iron alloys; magnetic domain walls; nanostructured materials; nickel alloys; scanning electron microscopy; vortices ID SPIN-POLARIZED CURRENT; ELECTRIC-CURRENT; PULSED-CURRENT; MOTION; PROPAGATION; MULTILAYERS; NANOWIRES; STRIPS; MEMORY; FORCE AB To better understand the response of domain walls to current-induced spin transfer torques, we have directly imaged the internal magnetic structure of domain walls in current-carrying ferromagnetic nanostripes. Domain wall images were acquired both while a constant current was flowing through the wire, and after applying current pulses. Domain walls ranging from vortex walls in wide (1 mu m) wires to transverse walls in narrow (100 nm) wires were quantitatively analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis. The domain wall motion is characterized by strong interactions with random pinning sites along the wire. The walls either jump with the electron flow between pinning sites, or the pinned walls are distorted by the current. The domain wall propagation is also associated with transverse motion of the vortex core. C1 [Uhlig, W. C.; Donahue, M. J.; Pierce, D. T.; Unguris, J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Uhlig, WC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM john.unguris@nist.gov RI Unguris, John/J-3989-2014 FU Office of Naval Research FX The authors thank Mark Stiles, Hongki Min, and Robert McMichael for many helpful discussions. This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research. Research performed at the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology. NR 50 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 15 PY 2009 VL 105 IS 10 AR 103902 DI 10.1063/1.3125526 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 451VX UT WOS:000266500100108 ER PT J AU Vejbaesya, S Luangtrakool, P Luangtrakool, K Kalayanarooj, S Vaughn, DW Endy, TP Mammen, MP Green, S Libraty, DH Ennis, FA Rothman, AL Stephens, HAF AF Vejbaesya, Sasijit Luangtrakool, Panpimon Luangtrakool, Komon Kalayanarooj, Siripen Vaughn, David W. Endy, Timothy P. Mammen, Mammen P. Green, Sharone Libraty, Daniel H. Ennis, Francis A. Rothman, Alan L. Stephens, Henry A. F. TI TNF and LTA Gene, Allele, and Extended HLA Haplotype Associations with Severe Dengue Virus Infection in Ethnic Thais SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Dengue Fever and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever CY OCT 16, 2008 CL Phuket, THAILAND ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; ALPHA PROMOTER POLYMORPHISM; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CEREBRAL MALARIA; DISEASE SEVERITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CHILDREN; REGION; ACTIVATION AB Severe dengue virus (DENV) infection is characterized by a cascade of cytokine production, including the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha). We have analyzed a variety of polymorphisms in the TNF and LTA genes of 435 ethnic Thais who had subclinical DENV infection, primary or secondary dengue fever (DF), or primary or secondary dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The TNF - 238A polymorphism marking the TNF-4, LTA-3 haplotype occurred in a significantly greater number of patients with secondary DHF (20 [15.2%] of 132) than patients with secondary DF (7 [4.1%] of 169) (P<.001; P corrected by use of Bonferroni adjustment, .022; odds ratio, 4.13 [95% confidence interval, 1.59-11.17]). In a subset of patients, the LTA-3 haplotype was associated with in vivo intracellular production of LT-alpha and TNF-alpha during the acute viremic phase of infection. Two extended human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes containing TNF-4 and LTA-3, together with HLA-B48, HLA-B57, and HLA-DPB1*0501, were detected only in patients with secondary DHF. These observations indicate that polymorphism in functionally distinct MHC-encoded proteins contributes to the risk of developing severe secondary DENV infection and warrants further investigation. C1 [Stephens, Henry A. F.] UCL, Ctr Nephrol & Anthony Nolan Trust, London NW3 2PF, England. [Vejbaesya, Sasijit; Luangtrakool, Panpimon; Luangtrakool, Komon; Stephens, Henry A. F.] Siriraj Hosp, Dept Transfus Med, Bangkok, Thailand. [Vejbaesya, Sasijit; Luangtrakool, Panpimon; Luangtrakool, Komon; Stephens, Henry A. F.] Mahidol Univ, Sch Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Kalayanarooj, Siripen] Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Vaughn, David W.; Endy, Timothy P.; Mammen, Mammen P.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Green, Sharone; Libraty, Daniel H.; Ennis, Francis A.; Rothman, Alan L.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccine Res, Worcester, MA USA. RP Stephens, HAF (reprint author), UCL, Ctr Nephrol & Anthony Nolan Trust, Royal Free Hosp Campus,Rowland Hill St, London NW3 2PF, England. EM h.stephens@ucl.ac.uk FU NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI034533, P01 AI034533-15A1, NIH-P01AI34533] NR 42 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 15 PY 2009 VL 199 IS 10 BP 1442 EP 1448 DI 10.1086/597422 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 437TK UT WOS:000265509600006 PM 19392621 ER PT J AU Zainuddin, S Hosur, MV Zhou, Y Kumar, A Jeelani, S AF Zainuddin, S. Hosur, M. V. Zhou, Y. Kumar, Ashok Jeelani, S. TI Durability studies of montmorillonite clay filled epoxy composites under different environmental conditions SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Accelerated ageing; Montmorillonite clay; Mechanical properties ID LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; MOISTURE DIFFUSION AB Even though fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are used in many applications, their integrity overtime is still unknown and remains a major concern. Due to inherent viscoelastic nature of polymers and their composites, exposure to elevated temperature and moist conditions results in matrix cracking, plasticization, and interfacial debonding and so on resulting in premature failure of composite structures. Researcher have found that failure in environmentally exposed composites is mainly dominated by matrix whereas the effect on fiber is minimal. Recent advancement in polymeric nanocomposites has shown significant enhancement in mechanical and thermal properties with small weight % addition of nanoclay particles. Most of studies on modified polymeric composite have been carried out at room temperature and to the best of our knowledge no studies are performed under extreme/long-term conditions. Hence, an attempt is made in this work to study nanophased epoxy composites under accelerated ageing conditions. Epoxy resin was modified by incorporating nanoclay at different weight percentages using magnetic mixing method and then samples were prepared for various tests. The samples were subjected to hot (elevated temperature: dry, wet at 60 and 80 degrees C) and cold (subzero: dry, wet, -18 degrees C) conditions for 15,45 and 90 days, respectively. Moisture absorption kinetics, quasi-static flexure and micrographic studies were performed of these composites and compared with the samples aged at control conditions. Percentage weight increase was observed in all the wet conditioned samples with a maximum of 3.1% in neat and 2.1% in 2 wt% nanophased epoxy samples. Quasi-static characterization showed degradation in strength and modulus for all conditioned neat samples with a maximum decrease of 37% and 22% in strength and modulus of hot-wet (80 degrees C) samples conditioned for 90 days in comparison to room temperature samples. 2 wt% nanophased samples showed increase in strength and modulus (7% and 38% under room temperature, 20% and 29% under hot-wet (80 degrees C) similar to 90 days conditions) over neat samples when similarly conditioned. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed significant decrease in number of cracks in 2 wt% nanophased samples in comparison to neat samples. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zainuddin, S.; Hosur, M. V.; Zhou, Y.; Jeelani, S.] Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Kumar, Ashok] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Hosur, MV (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. EM hosur@tuskegee.edu NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD MAY 15 PY 2009 VL 507 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2008.11.058 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 430EA UT WOS:000264970400018 ER PT J AU Dubinskii, M Zhang, J Ter-Mikirtychev, V AF Dubinskii, M. Zhang, J. Ter-Mikirtychev, V. TI Highly scalable, resonantly cladding-pumped, Er-doped fiber laser with record efficiency SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We report the performance of a resonantly cladding-pumped, Yb-free, Er-doped fiber laser. We believe this is the first reported resonantly cladding-pumped fiber-Bragg-grating-based, Er-doped, large-mode-area (LMA) fiber laser. The laser, pumped by fiber-coupled InGaAsP/InP laser diode modules at 1532.5 nm, delivers similar to 48 W of cw output at 1590 nm. It is believed to be the highest power ever reported from a Yb-free Er-doped LMA fiber. This fully integrated laser also has the optical-to-optical efficiency of similar to 57%, to the best of our knowledge, the highest efficiency reported for cladding-pumped unidirectionally emitting Er-doped laser. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Dubinskii, M.; Zhang, J.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ter-Mikirtychev, V.] NovaWave Technol Inc, Redwood City, CA 94065 USA. RP Dubinskii, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mdubinskiy@arl.army.mil FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office FX This work was partially supported by the High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 2009 VL 34 IS 10 BP 1507 EP 1509 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA 458YB UT WOS:000267064500006 PM 19448803 ER PT J AU Rahmathullah, MAM Jeyarajasingam, A Merritt, B VanLandingham, M McKnight, SH Palmese, GR AF Rahmathullah, M. Aflal M. Jeyarajasingam, Amutha Merritt, Brian VanLandingham, Mark McKnight, Steven H. Palmese, Giuseppe R. TI Room Temperature Ionic Liquids as Thermally Latent Initiators for Polymerization of Epoxy Resins SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article C1 [Rahmathullah, M. Aflal M.; Jeyarajasingam, Amutha; Merritt, Brian; Palmese, Giuseppe R.] Drexel Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [VanLandingham, Mark; McKnight, Steven H.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Palmese, GR (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM palmese@coe.drexel.edu FU Drexel University [W911NF-O6-2-0013] FX The authors acknowledge support through the Army Materials Center of Excellence (W911NF-O6-2-0013) program at Drexel University. NR 20 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD MAY 12 PY 2009 VL 42 IS 9 BP 3219 EP 3221 DI 10.1021/ma802669k PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 441PN UT WOS:000265781300001 ER PT J AU Lompado, A Reinhardt, JC Heaton, LC Williams, JL Ruffin, PB AF Lompado, Arthur Reinhardt, John C. Heaton, L. Chris Williams, Jeff L. Ruffin, Paul B. TI Full Stokes polarimeter for characterization of fiber optic gyroscope coils SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article AB We describe the design, construction, calibration, and validation of a Stokes vector polarimeter for investigating the polarization characteristics of fiber optic gyroscope coils. The device measures the complete Stokes vector, and reports conventional polarization properties including the Degree of Polarization (DoP), the orientation and Degree of Linear Polarization (DoLP), and the handedness and Degree of Circular Polarization (DoCP). The sensor operates at 1550 nm and employs a division of aperture optical architecture to acquire full Stokes vectors at 8 kHz while calculating polarization properties at a rate of 200 Hz. Preliminary measurements performed on both traditionally and unconventionally wound gyroscope coils are also presented. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Lompado, Arthur; Reinhardt, John C.] Polaris Sensor Technol, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. [Heaton, L. Chris; Williams, Jeff L.] Stanley Associates, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Ruffin, Paul B.] USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Lompado, A (reprint author), Polaris Sensor Technol, 200 Westside Sq,Suite 320, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. EM Art.Lompado@PolarisSensor.com FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency [W31P4Q-07-C-0191] FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under contract number W31P4Q-07-C-0191. Information contained herein has been approved for public release, distribution unlimited. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAY 11 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 10 BP 8370 EP 8381 DI 10.1364/OE.17.008370 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 450DT UT WOS:000266381900068 PM 19434170 ER PT J AU Panchal, RG Ulrich, RL Bradfute, SB Lane, D Ruthel, G Kenny, TA Iversen, PL Anderson, AO Gussio, R Raschke, WC Bavari, S AF Panchal, Rekha G. Ulrich, Ricky L. Bradfute, Steven B. Lane, Douglas Ruthel, Gordon Kenny, Tara A. Iversen, Patrick L. Anderson, Arthur O. Gussio, Rick Raschke, William C. Bavari, Sina TI Reduced Expression of CD45 Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase Provides Protection against Anthrax Pathogenesis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; LETHAL TOXIN; BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; DENDRITIC CELLS; HUMAN-DISEASE; MACROPHAGES; INHIBITORS; SPORES; KINASE AB The modulation of cellular processes by small molecule inhibitors, gene inactivation, or targeted knockdown strategies combined with phenotypic screens are powerful approaches to delineate complex cellular pathways and to identify key players involved in disease pathogenesis. Using chemical genetic screening, we tested a library of known phosphatase inhibitors and identified several compounds that protected Bacillus anthracis infected macrophages from cell death. The most potent compound was assayed against a panel of sixteen different phosphatases of which CD45 was found to be most sensitive to inhibition. Testing of a known CD45 inhibitor and antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers targeting CD45 also protected B. anthracis-infected macrophages from cell death. However, reduced CD45 expression did not protect anthrax lethal toxin ( LT) treated macrophages, suggesting that the pathogen and independently added LT may signal through distinct pathways. Subsequent, in vivo studies with both gene-targeted knockdown of CD45 and genetically engineered mice expressing reduced levels of CD45 resulted in protection of mice after infection with the virulent Ames B. anthracis. Intermediate levels of CD45 expression were critical for the protection, as mice expressing normal levels of CD45 or disrupted CD45 phosphatase activity or no CD45 all succumbed to this pathogen. Mechanism-based studies suggest that the protection provided by reduced CD45 levels results from regulated immune cell homeostasis that may diminish the impact of apoptosis during the infection. To date, this is the first report demonstrating that reduced levels of host phosphatase CD45 modulate anthrax pathogenesis. C1 [Panchal, Rekha G.; Ulrich, Ricky L.; Bradfute, Steven B.; Ruthel, Gordon; Anderson, Arthur O.; Bavari, Sina] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Lane, Douglas; Kenny, Tara A.] NCI, NIH, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Iversen, Patrick L.] AVI BioPharma Inc, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Gussio, Rick] NCI, NIH, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, Informat Technol Branch,Dev Therapeut Program, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Raschke, William C.] Sidney Kimmel Canc Ctr, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Raschke, William C.] Virogenics Inc, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA. RP Panchal, RG (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM rekha.panchal@amedd.army.mil; sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil FU National Institutes of Health [N01-CO-12400, R43 A1055102]; Defense Threat Reduction Agency; NIAID; Developmental Therapeutics Program; Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis of the NCI FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grant N01-CO-12400, by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (to S. B. and R. G. P.), the NIAID, National Institutes of Health Grant R43 A1055102 (to W. C. R.), and by the Developmental Therapeutics Program in the Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis of the NCI, National Institutes of Health. NR 56 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 8 PY 2009 VL 284 IS 19 BP 12874 EP 12885 DI 10.1074/jbc.M809633200 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 440GH UT WOS:000265688300033 PM 19269962 ER PT J AU Kilic, O Zaghloul, AI AF Kilic, Ozlem Zaghloul, Amir I. TI Antenna aperture size reduction using subbeam concept in multiple spot beam cellular satellite systems SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Multiple beam configurations in satellite systems enable the reuse of frequency in beams separated by a sufficient distance to address bandwidth limitation issues. Phased array antennas can simultaneously produce a large number of spot beams directed toward specific areas and therefore are a natural platform for multiple-beam satellite communications. This paper discusses a method to generate a large number of spot or cellular beams for multiple-beam satellite systems using smaller apertures. The basic spot beam is divided into a number of smaller subbeams with lower crossover levels that operate within the same bandwidth as the spot beam. The frequency reuse configuration can be maintained, while the overall aperture size is reduced. The aperture reduction is shown to have little or no effect on the cochannel interference. The technique is applicable to all satellite orbits as well as high-altitude platforms. C1 [Kilic, Ozlem] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Kilic, O (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20064 USA. EM kilic@cua.edu NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD MAY 6 PY 2009 VL 44 AR RS3001 DI 10.1029/2008RS004052 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA 443TE UT WOS:000265932800002 ER PT J AU Ankley, GT Bencic, DC Breen, MS Collette, TW Conolly, RB Denslow, ND Edwards, SW Ekman, DR Garcia-Reyero, N Jensen, KM Lazorchak, JM Martinovic, D Miller, DH Perkins, EJ Orlando, EF Villeneuve, DL Wang, RL Watanabe, KH AF Ankley, Gerald T. Bencic, David C. Breen, Michael S. Collette, Timothy W. Conolly, Rory B. Denslow, Nancy D. Edwards, Stephen W. Ekman, Drew R. Garcia-Reyero, Natalia Jensen, Kathleen M. Lazorchak, James M. Martinovic, Dalma Miller, David H. Perkins, Edward J. Orlando, Edward F. Villeneuve, Daniel L. Wang, Rong-Lin Watanabe, Karen H. TI Endocrine disrupting chemicals in fish: Developing exposure indicators and predictive models of effects based on mechanism of action SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fish; EDC; Toxicity; MOA; Model; Genomics ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; TERM REPRODUCTION ASSAY; FATHEAD MINNOW; RISK-ASSESSMENT; BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES; GENE NETWORKS; EXPRESSION; STEROIDOGENESIS; KETOCONAZOLE; POPULATION AB Knowledge of possible toxic mechanisms (or modes) of action (MOA) of chemicals can provide valuable insights as to appropriate methods for assessing exposure and effects, thereby reducing uncertainties related to extrapolation across species, endpoints and chemical structure. However, MOA-based testing seldom has been used for assessing the ecological risk of chemicals. This is in part because past regulatory mandates have focused more on adverse effects of chemicals (reductions in survival, growth or reproduction) than the pathways through which these effects are elicited. A recent departure from this involves endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), where there is a need to understand both MOA and adverse outcomes. To achieve this understanding, advances in predictive approaches are required whereby mechanistic changes caused by chemicals at the molecular level can be translated into apical responses meaningful to ecological risk assessment. In this paper we provide an overview and illustrative results from a large, integrated project that assesses the effects of EDCs on two small fish models, the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). For this work a systems-based approach is being used to delineate toxicity pathways for 12 model EDCs with different known or hypothesized toxic MOA. The studies employ a combination of state-of-the-art genomic (transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic), bioinformatic and modeling approaches, in conjunction with whole animal testing, to develop response linkages across biological levels of organization. This understanding forms the basis for predictive approaches for species, endpoint and chemical extrapolation. Although our project is focused specifically on EDCs in fish, we believe that the basic conceptual approach has utility for systematically assessing exposure and effects of chemicals with other MOA across a variety of biological systems. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ankley, Gerald T.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Martinovic, Dalma; Villeneuve, Daniel L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. [Bencic, David C.; Lazorchak, James M.; Wang, Rong-Lin] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Breen, Michael S.; Conolly, Rory B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Collette, Timothy W.; Ekman, Drew R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Denslow, Nancy D.; Garcia-Reyero, Natalia] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Edwards, Stephen W.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Miller, David H.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] US Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Orlando, Edward F.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Watanabe, Karen H.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Beaverton, OR USA. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. EM ankley.gerald@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571; Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma/0000-0002-9973-4965 FU USEPA National Center for Computational Toxicology; USEPA National Center for Environmental Research; US Army Environmental Quality Installations Program FX This work was supported in part by the USEPA National Center for Computational Toxicology, a grant from the USEPA National Center for Environmental Research to the University of Florida, and the US Army Environmental Quality Installations Program. The manuscript has been reviewed in accordance with USEPA guidelines; however, the views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect USEPA policy. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. NR 54 TC 125 Z9 134 U1 6 U2 105 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD MAY 5 PY 2009 VL 92 IS 3 BP 168 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.01.013 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 447IG UT WOS:000266184200008 PM 19261338 ER PT J AU Kaplan, LM Nasrabadi, NM AF Kaplan, Lance M. Nasrabadi, Nasser M. TI Block Wiener-based image registration for moving target indication SO IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Image registration; Wiener filtering; Least mean-squared estimation; Moving target indication ID SAR AB This paper develops a block Wiener-based image registration method to align consecutive frames in a video sequence. The main purpose of this registration technique is to serve as a processing step in a moving target indication (MTI) algorithm, where subsequent steps include frame-to-frame differencing and thresholding. Experiments show that the block Wiener-based approach is computationally efficient and effective in terms of facilitating a MTI. These experiments compare the block Wiener-based against traditional global parametric registration, pixel-based Wiener registration, block-based motion compensation, and state-of-the-art phase-based registration. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kaplan, Lance M.; Nasrabadi, Nasser M.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kaplan, LM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM lkaplan@arl.army.mil; nnasraba@arl.army.mil NR 21 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0262-8856 EI 1872-8138 J9 IMAGE VISION COMPUT JI Image Vis. Comput. PD MAY 4 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 6 BP 694 EP 703 DI 10.1016/j.imavis.2008.07.008 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics GA 441YR UT WOS:000265807000010 ER PT J AU Lesho, E Foster, L Wang, ZN Sarmiento, D Dennison, S Vahey, MT Nolan, E Smalls, C AF Lesho, Emil Foster, Leslie Wang, Zhining Sarmiento, Dennis Dennison, Sheri Vahey, Maryanne T. Nolan, Eileen Smalls, Cyrilla TI The Accuracy of Physicians' Perceptions of Patients' Suffering: Findings From Two Teaching Hospitals SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PALLIATIVE CARE; GENDER; QUALITY; PERSPECTIVE; MANAGEMENT; CANCER; PAIN AB Purpose How accurately physicians perceive patient suffering remains unclear. The authors sought to quantitatively compare physicians' estimates of their patients' suffering with the patients' ratings of their own suffering, using a paired survey. Method Six major domains of suffering (DOSS) were derived from narrative descriptions of suffering by physicians and patients in a preliminary multicenter pilot study. From September 2005 through July 2006 at two teaching hospitals in Washington, DC, and Bethesda, Maryland, before a clinical encounter between a patient and physician, patients rated the impact of each of these DOSS on their overall suffering, After the same encounter, physicians rated the same DOSS according to their perception of suffering experienced by that patient. Patient responses were compared with physician responses using the Wilcoxon signed ranks and Spearman correlation tests. Results Two hundred twenty-seven adult patients and their treating physicians completed the survey. Cooperation rates among patients and physicians were 94% and 97%, respectively. For two of the six DOSS (pain and physically nonpainful symptoms), there was no significant difference between the physicians' estimates of suffering and the patients' ratings of the DOS. For the remaining four DOSs (communication, emotional factors, loss, and systems factors), there was significant disagreement between the physicians' estimates and the actual suffering of the patients (P < .01). When all six DOSS were combined to ascertain how well perceptions of overall suffering correlated, significant discordance was also observed between physicians' perceptions and patients' descriptions (P < .001). Conclusions This study suggests that the physicians who participated might need more training in the recognition of patient suffering. Because these physicians were trained in medical schools across the country, the deficiencies noted here may not be limited to only the physicians in this study. More studies of physicians' ability to detect and manage suffering are needed, especially at nonteaching hospitals. C1 [Lesho, Emil] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. [Lesho, Emil] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Foster, Leslie] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Lesho, Emil] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Wang, Zhining] Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. [Sarmiento, Dennis; Smalls, Cyrilla] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Dennison, Sheri] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Dept Oncol, Landstuhl, Germany. [Nolan, Eileen] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Sarmiento, Dennis] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lesho, E (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, 2209 Parker Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. EM emil.lesho@amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 84 IS 5 BP 636 EP 642 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 466IR UT WOS:000267655300019 PM 19704201 ER PT J AU Cevher, V Kaplan, LM AF Cevher, Volkan Kaplan, Lance M. TI Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SENSOR NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE Algorithms; Design; Performance; Bayesian experimental design; dynamic programming; sensor networks ID DELAY ESTIMATION AB In this article, we develop tractable mathematical models and approximate solution algorithms for a class of integer optimization problems with probabilistic and deterministic constraints, with applications to the design of distributed sensor networks that have limited connectivity. For a given deployment region size, we calculate the Pareto frontier of the sensor network utility at the desired probabilities for d-connectivity and k-coverage. As a result of our analysis, we determine (1) the number of sensors of different types to deploy from a sensor pool, which offers a cost vs. performance trade-off for each type of sensor, (2) the minimum required radio transmission ranges of the sensors to ensure connectivity, and (3) the lifetime of the sensor network. For generality, we consider randomly deployed sensor networks and formulate constrained optimization technique to obtain the localization performance. The approach is guided and validated using an unattended acoustic sensor network design. Finally, approximations of the complete statistical characterization of the acoustic sensor networks are given, which enable average network performance predictions of any combination of acoustic sensors. C1 [Cevher, Volkan] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Kaplan, Lance M.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Cevher, V (reprint author), Rice Univ, 6100 Main St,MS-380, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM volkan@rice.edu NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 1550-4859 J9 ACM T SENSOR NETWORK JI ACM Trans. Sens. Netw. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 5 IS 3 AR 21 DI 10.1145/1525856.1525859 PG 28 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA 458KN UT WOS:000267018200003 ER PT J AU Peterson, AM Jensen, RE Palmese, GR AF Peterson, Amy M. Jensen, Robert E. Palmese, Giuseppe R. TI Reversibly Cross-Linked Polymer Gels as Healing Agents for Epoxy-Amine Thermosets SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE self-healing materials; Diels-Alder reaction; polymer composites; healing mechanism; reaction kinetics ID DIELS-ALDER REACTION; FIBER-REINFORCED POLYMER; MALEIMIDE; POLYSTYRENE; COMPOSITES; LINKING AB The Diels-Alder reaction was used to develop a reversibly cross-linking gel as a healing agent for traditional epoxy-amine thermosets. Direct application of the reversibly cross-linking network to a crack surface in an epoxy-amine thermoset resulted in the recovery of 37% of the initial epoxy-amine network's strength. Composites in which the reversibly cross-linking gel was incorporated as a secondary particulate phase recovered 21% of the initial composite strength after the first healing cycle, with healing possible up to five times. C1 [Peterson, Amy M.; Palmese, Giuseppe R.] Drexel Univ, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jensen, Robert E.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Palmese, GR (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM palmese@coe.drexel.edu RI Peterson, Amy/A-2945-2012 OI Peterson, Amy/0000-0002-4612-0062 FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-06-2-0013]; National Science Foundation [DGE-0654313]; Graduate Research Fellowship FX The authors acknowledge the U.S. Army Research Laboratory for financial support under the Army Materials Center of Excellence Program (Contract W911NF-06-2-0013) as well as the National Science Foundation for financial support under the Integrated Graduate Education and Research Traineeship in Nanoscale Science and Engineering (Contract DGE-0654313) and the Graduate Research Fellowship Program. NR 28 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD MAY PY 2009 VL 1 IS 5 BP 992 EP 995 DI 10.1021/am900104w PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 479NB UT WOS:000268665200004 PM 20355883 ER PT J AU Fogelgren, B Yang, SM Sharp, IC Huckstep, OJ Ma, WB Somponpun, SJ Carlson, EC Uyehara, CFT Lozanoff, S AF Fogelgren, Ben Yang, Shiming Sharp, Ian C. Huckstep, Odaro J. Ma, Wenbin Somponpun, S. J. Carlson, Edward C. Uyehara, Catherine F. T. Lozanoff, Scott TI Deficiency in Six2 during prenatal development is associated with reduced nephron number, chronic renal failure, and hypertension in Br/+ adult mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Br mutant mouse; glomerulus ID POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; ENDOTHELIN-1 TRANSGENIC MICE; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE THICKNESS; ANTERIOR CRANIAL BASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; REMNANT KIDNEY; GENE-EXPRESSION; FRONTONASAL DYSPLASIA; MIDFACIAL RETRUSION; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY AB Fogelgren B, Yang S, Sharp IC, Huckstep OJ, Ma W, Somponpun SJ, Carlson EC, Uyehara CFT, Lozanoff S. Deficiency in Six2 during prenatal development is associated with reduced nephron number, chronic renal failure, and hypertension in Br/+ adult mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 296: F1166-F1178, 2009. First published February 4, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.90550.2008.-The Br/+ mutant mouse displays decreased embryological expression of the homeobox transcription factor Six2, resulting in hertitable renal hypoplasia. The purpose of this study was to characterize the renal physiological consequences of embryonic haploinsuffiency of Six2 by analyzing renal morphology and function in the adult Br heterozygous mutant. Adult Br/+ kidneys weighed 50% less than those from wild-type mice and displayed glomerulopathy. Stereological analysis of renal glomeruli showed that Br/+ kidneys had an average of 88% fewer glomeruli than +/+ kidneys, whereas individual glomeruli in Br/+ mice maintained an average volume increase of 180% compared with normal nephrons. Immunostaining revealed increased levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelin receptors A (ETA) and B (ETB), and Na-K-ATPase were present in the dilated renal tubules of mutant mice. Physiological features of chronic renal failure (CRF) including elevated mean arterial pressure, increased plasma creatinine, and dilute urine excretion were measured in Br/+ mutant mice. Electron microscopy of the Br/+ glomeruli revealed pathological alterations such as hypercellularity, extracellular matrix accumulation, and a thick irregular glomerular basement membrane. These results indicate that adult Br/+ mice suffer from CRF associated with reduced nephron number and renal hypoplasia, as well as glomerulopathy. Defects are associated with embryological deficiencies of Six2, suggesting that proper levels of this protein during nephrogenesis are critical for normal glomerular development and adult renal function. C1 [Fogelgren, Ben; Yang, Shiming; Sharp, Ian C.; Huckstep, Odaro J.; Lozanoff, Scott] Univ Hawaii, Dept Anat Biochem & Physiol, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. [Somponpun, S. J.; Uyehara, Catherine F. T.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Ma, Wenbin] US FDA, Lab Retrovirus Res, Div Viral Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Carlson, Edward C.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Lozanoff, S (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Anat, John A Burns Sch Med, 651 Ilalo St,BSB 110, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. EM lozanoff@hawaii.edu FU American Heart Association Hawaii [9951133Z, 1R01-DK-064752]; North Dakota Lions Foundation FX This work was supported by American Heart Association Hawaii Affiliate Grant 9951133Z and 1R01-DK-064752 (to S. Lozanoff), as well as by the North Dakota Lions Foundation (to E. C. Carlson). NR 101 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 296 IS 5 BP F1166 EP F1178 DI 10.1152/ajprenal.90550.2008 PG 13 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 438AZ UT WOS:000265529600026 PM 19193724 ER PT J AU Lisanti, CJ Douglas, DB AF Lisanti, Christopher J. Douglas, David B. TI Effects of Breath-Hold and Cardiac Cycle on the MRI Appearance of the Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava in T2 Abdominal Imaging SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abdominal imaging; aorta; cardiac imaging; breath-hold imaging; hemodynamics; inferior vena cava; MRI ID BLOOD-FLOW; PULMONARY; HEMODYNAMICS; THROMBOSIS; MANEUVERS; PATTERNS; VELOCITY AB OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to review the MR principles of blood signal and normal flow-related phenomena seen in the aorta and inferior vena cava (IVC) on T2-weighted images of the abdomen and to discuss the physiologic and physical basis of signal alterations with breath-hold imaging. We define time-of-flight (TOF) loss and list the factors that affect it; explain the physiologic effects of breath-hold imaging on both aortic and IVC waveforms and velocity; state which abdominal T2 imaging techniques are most susceptible to variable TOF effects and explain why based on physiologic effects and MR principles; and describe three troubleshooting techniques to confirm that unexpected signal does not reflect pathology. CONCLUSION. T2 images customarily result in TOF loss and dark blood signal. Abdominal MRI relies extensively on breath-hold imaging techniques that may alter markedly the flow velocity in normal vessels. This marked flow change results in signal heterogeneity and variable TOF loss especially with faster sequences filling k-space in shorter time frames. Breath-hold imaging decreases k-space fill time, and of the breath-hold T2 techniques, single-shot fast spin-echo decreases k-space fill time the most. Atypical blood signal during breath-hold imaging may mimic pathology, but abnormal findings can be verified by review of other sequences and planes of imaging. C1 [Lisanti, Christopher J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Douglas, David B.] David Grant Med Ctr, Travis Afb, CA USA. RP Lisanti, CJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr,3600, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Christopher.Lisanti@amedd.army.mil NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 192 IS 5 BP 1348 EP 1358 DI 10.2214/AJR.08.1646 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 436BJ UT WOS:000265387300029 PM 19380560 ER PT J AU Shogan, PJ Yasmer, JF Monson, M AF Shogan, Paul J. Yasmer, John F. Monson, Matthew TI Cardiac Cysticercosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cardiac cysticercosis; extracranial cysticercus; MRI C1 [Shogan, Paul J.; Yasmer, John F.; Monson, Matthew] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Monson, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Bldg 2,Rm 1X,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM matthew.monson@amed.army.mil NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 192 IS 5 BP W212 EP W213 DI 10.2214/AJR.08.2000 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 436BJ UT WOS:000265387300046 PM 19380525 ER PT J AU Dunn, D Mansfield, L AF Dunn, D. Mansfield, L. TI Clinical Dyads: Traumatic Lesions that Commonly Occur Together(CME Credit Available) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 109th Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc C1 [Dunn, D.; Mansfield, L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. EM liem_mansfield@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 192 IS 5 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 436BI UT WOS:000265387200631 ER PT J AU Dunn, D Mansfield, L AF Dunn, D. Mansfield, L. TI Nobel Prize Winners Who Have Made Significant Contributions to Radiology SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 109th Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc C1 [Dunn, D.; Mansfield, L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. EM liem_mansfield@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 192 IS 5 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 436BI UT WOS:000265387200359 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Mansfield, L AF Kim, Y. Mansfield, L. TI ABCS: A Systematic Approach to the Radiographic Interpretation of the Thoracolumbar Spine with Illustration of Its Usefulness SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 109th Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc C1 [Kim, Y.; Mansfield, L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. EM liem_mansfield@hotmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 192 IS 5 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 436BI UT WOS:000265387200584 ER PT J AU Mackett, K Sanghi, A Folio, L AF Mackett, K. Sanghi, A. Folio, L. TI Experience with a Standard Head CT Trauma Report in a Deployed Military Hospital in Iraq (CME Credit Available) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 109th Annual Meeting of the American-Roentgen-Ray-Society CY APR 27-MAY 01, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Roentgen Ray Soc C1 [Mackett, K.; Folio, L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Sanghi, A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kendra.mackett@usuhs.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 192 IS 5 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 436BI UT WOS:000265387200680 ER PT J AU Fox, RE DeLeon, PH Newman, R Sammons, MT Dunivin, DL Baker, DC AF Fox, Ronald E. DeLeon, Patrick H. Newman, Russ Sammons, Morgan T. Dunivin, Debra L. Baker, Deborah C. TI Prescriptive Authority and Psychology A Status Report SO AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE prescriptive authority; advocacy; history of psychology; legislation ID COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH-PROGRAM; MENTAL-HEALTH TREATMENT; NATIONAL-INSTITUTE; PLACEBO-RESPONSE; CLINICAL-TRIALS; PRIVILEGES; PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY; DEPRESSION; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; OUTCOMES AB The progress of psychology toward the acquisition of prescriptive authority is critically reviewed. Advances made by other nonphysician health care professions toward expanding their scopes of practice to include prescriptive authority are compared with gains made by professional psychology. Societal trends affecting attitudes toward the use of psychotropic medications are reviewed, and the potential influence of such trends on the prescriptive authority movement is examined. A history of the prescriptive authority movement is documented, and recent legislative and policy initiatives are discussed. C1 [Dunivin, Debra L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Baker, DC (reprint author), Amer Psychol Assoc, Practice Directorate, 750 1st St NE, Washington, DC 20002 USA. EM dbaker@apa.org NR 63 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0003-066X J9 AM PSYCHOL JI Am. Psychol. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 64 IS 4 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1037/a0015938 PG 12 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 448TM UT WOS:000266284900003 PM 19449984 ER PT J AU Williams, BS Cohen, SP AF Williams, Bryan S. Cohen, Steven P. TI Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: A Review of Anatomy, Diagnosis and Treatment SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Review ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; HIP PAIN; JOINT PAIN; BURSITIS; INJECTION; FLUOROSCOPY; COMMON; INJURIES; MUSCLE; BURSA AB Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is a term used to describe chronic pain overlying the lateral aspect of the hip. This regional pain syndrome, once described as trochanteric bursitis, often mimics pain generated from other sources, including, but not limited to myofascial pain, degenerative joint disease, and spinal pathology. The incidence of greater trochanteric pain is reported to be approximately 1.8 patients per 1000 per year with the prevalence being higher in women, and patients with coexisting low back pain, osteoarthritis, iliotibial band tenderness, and obesity. Symptoms of GTPS consist of persistent pain in the lateral hip radiating along the lateral aspect of the thigh to the knee and occasionally below the knee and/or buttock. Physical examination reveals point tenderness in the posterolateral area of the greater trochanter. Most cases of GTPS are self-limited with conservative measures, such as physical therapy, weight loss, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and behavior modification, providing resolution of symptoms. Other treatment modalities include bursa or lateral hip injections performed with corticosteroid and local anesthetic. More invasive surgical interventions have anecdotally been reported to provide pain relief when conservative treatment modalities fail. C1 [Williams, Bryan S.] Rush Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Med Ctr, Div Pain Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Williams, BS (reprint author), Rush Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Med Ctr, Div Pain Med, 1653 W Congress Pkwy, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM bryan.williams@yahoo.com NR 50 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 4 U2 37 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 108 IS 5 BP 1662 EP 1670 DI 10.1213/ane.0b013e31819d6562 PG 9 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 436OA UT WOS:000265422300049 PM 19372352 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Bogduk, N Dragovich, A Buckenmaier, CC Griffith, S Kurihara, C Raymond, J Richter, PJ Williams, N Yaksh, TL AF Cohen, Steven P. Bogduk, Nikolai Dragovich, Anthony Buckenmaier, Chester C., III Griffith, Scott Kurihara, Connie Raymond, JoLynne Richter, Philip J. Williams, Necia Yaksh, Tony L. TI Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Dose-response, and Preclinical Safety Study of Transforaminal Epidural Etanercept for the Treatment of Sciatica SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the International-Spinal-Intervention-Society CY JUL 23-25, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Int Spinal Intervent Soc ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HERNIATION-INDUCED SCIATICA; LUMBAR-DISK HERNIATION; LOW-BACK-PAIN; FACTOR-ALPHA; STEROID INJECTION; INTRATHECAL MIDAZOLAM; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FOLLOW-UP; EFFICACY AB Background: Recent evidence implicates the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor as a major cause of radiculopathy. Yet, whereas open-label studies with systemically delivered tumor necrosis factor inhibitors have yielded positive results, a placebo-controlled study failed to demonstrate efficacy. One variable that may have contributed to poor outcomes is low drug levels at the site of nerve inflammation. To date, no studies have evaluated the efficacy or safety of epidurally administered anti-tumor necrosis factor agents. Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response study was conducted to evaluate an epidural tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. Twenty-four patients with subacute lumbosacral radiculopathy were randomly assigned to receive two transforaminal epidural injections of 2, 4, or 6 mg of entanercept 2 weeks apart in successive groups of eight. In each group, two patients received epidural saline. A parallel epidural canine safety study was conducted using the same injection doses and paradigm as in the clinical study. Results: The animal and human safety studies revealed no behavioral, neurologic, or histologic evidence of drug-related toxicity. In the clinical arm, significant improvements in leg and back pain were collectively noted for the etanercept-treated patients, but not for the saline group, one month after treatment. One patient in the saline group (17%), six patients In the 2-mg group (100%), and four patients each in the 4-mg and 6-mg groups (67%) reported at least 50% reduction in leg pain and a positive global perceived effect one month after treatment. Six months after treatment, the beneficial effects persisted in all but one patient. Conclusion: Epidural entanercept holds promise as a treatment for lumbosacral radiculopathy. C1 [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Buckenmaier, Chester C., III] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Reg Anesthesia & Pain Management Initiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Bogduk, Nikolai] Newcastle Bone & Joint Inst, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. [Dragovich, Anthony] Womack Army Med Ctr, Pain Clin, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Dragovich, Anthony; Buckenmaier, Chester C., III; Williams, Necia] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anesthesiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Raymond, JoLynne] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. [Richter, Philip J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Williams, Necia] Combined Walter Reed Natl Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. [Yaksh, Tony L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Anesthesiol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21029 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu RI Yaksh, Tony/D-4119-2009 NR 37 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-3022 EI 1528-1175 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD MAY PY 2009 VL 110 IS 5 BP 1116 EP 1126 PG 11 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 437QW UT WOS:000265503000025 PM 19387178 ER PT J AU Haymore, BR Mccoy, RL Nelson, MR AF Haymore, Bret R. McCoy, Robert L. Nelson, Michael R. TI Imported fire ant immunotherapy prescribing patterns in a large health care system during a 17-year period SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-BODY EXTRACTS; INSECT HYPERSENSITIVITY; VENOM; ALLERGENS; STINGS AB Background: No large evaluation has been performed of the maintenance vial concentration commonly used by physicians when prescribing imported fire ant (IFA) immunotherapy since the publication of the first Stinging Insect Hypersensitivity Practice Parameter 10 years ago. Objective: To describe the prescribing patterns for IFA immunotherapy among practicing allergists in a large health care setting and the impact of published Practice Parameter recommendations. Methods: Data from the US Army Centralized Allergen Extract Laboratory were analyzed to determine IFA immunotherapy prescribing patterns from 1990 to May 2007. This extract laboratory provides prescriptions for more than 320 US Department of Defense, US Department of Veterans Affairs, and US Public Health Service clinics. Results: A total of 1,091 patients were given 1,437 new or revised prescriptions for IFA immunotherapy. Monotherapy for Solenopsis invicta and Solenopsis richteri was prescribed in 169 (11.8%) and 3 (0.1%) instances, respectively, with the remainder of patients given both IFA antigens. The most commonly prescribed maintenance vial dose was 0.5 mL of a 1:200 (wt/vol) dilution, accounting for 36.3% of prescriptions. A total of 17.3% of prescriptions had a maintenance vial dose of 0.5 mL of a 1: 100 (wt/vol) dilution, 4.6% had a dilution of 1: 10 (wt/vol), and 50.6% had a dilution between 1: 10 and 1: 100 (wt/vol). The mean starting dose was 4.4 10-fold dilutions below the maintenance dose (5.4 vials per treatment set). Conclusions: The most commonly prescribed maintenance dose was 0.5 mL of a 1:200 (wt/vol) dilution, although most prescriptions used a maintenance dose consistent with recommended dosing in the Stinging Insect Practice Parameters. Both IFA antigens were used by most physicians. Further study evaluating the effective dose range for IFA immunotherapy is needed. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2009; 102:422-425. C1 [Haymore, Bret R.; McCoy, Robert L.; Nelson, Michael R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Haymore, BR (reprint author), 11510 Rokeby Ave, Kensington, MD 20895 USA. EM bret.haymore@us.army.mil NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 102 IS 5 BP 422 EP 425 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 442QR UT WOS:000265856200012 PM 19492665 ER PT J AU Tsai, JW Ayubi, FS Rice, RD Zhang, Z Armstrong, PJ AF Tsai, John W. Ayubi, Farhan S. Rice, Robert D. Zhang, Zhou Armstrong, Peter J. TI Permacol (Porcine Dermal Collagen) and Alloderm (Acellular Cadaveric Dermis) as a Vascular Patch Repair for Common Carotid Arteriotomy in a Rabbit Model SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SMALL-INTESTINAL SUBMUCOSA; WALL RECONSTRUCTION; MANAGEMENT AB Occult injuries to arteries are common in trauma and evolution of their repair has been observed throughout military conflicts. Currently, autogenous vein and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are used as patch agents for arterial trauma. However, suitable vein is often lacking in multitrauma patients, and PTFE is prone to infection in the contaminated combat wound. The purpose of this study is to evaluate Permacol, porcine dermal collagen, and Alloderm, acellular cadaveric dermis, as suitable alternatives to PTFE with the potential benefit of being used in contaminated wounds. A New Zealand White rabbit common carotid arteriotomy model was used to compare Permacol (n = 12), Alloderm (n = 11), and PTFE (n = 13) for patch repair. Thrombin generation was examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for thrombin-antithrombin complex. Histological samples were taken to analyze vessel lumen area, vessel diameter, intimal thickness, and medial thickness. Pathological examinations were made to compare rates of intimal hyperplasia, aneurysm, patency, and thrombus formation. The Permacol group showed equivalent rates of thrombus, aneurysm, and patency compared with PTFE. Increased lumen area was seen in the Permacol group, 0.344 mm(2) (p = 0.02) compared with the PTFE group, 0.204 mm(2). Permacol also had decreased incidence of intimal hyperplasia compared with PTFE, 50.0% versus 92% (p < 0.05). Alloderm had increased rates of aneurysm formation, 63.6% (p = 0.004) compared with PTFE, 0.0%, and Permacol groups, 8.3%. Alloderm also had increased intimal thickness through the patch, 0.076 mm (p = 0.18), compared with PTFE, 0.026 mm, and Permacol groups, 0.024 mm. Vessel diameter through the patch showed the Alloderm group, 1.87 mm (p = 0.004), was significantly larger than both the Permacol, 1.41 mm, and PTFE groups, 1.28 mm. Furthermore, Alloderm showed leukocyte migration around the patch. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for thrombin-antithrombin complex was only elevated for PTFE in the 7-day postoperative measurement but was not statistically different from the other groups. Permacol has characteristics to be an effective alternative for PTFE for patch arteriotomy repair in our rabbit model. Futher studies need to be conducted to investigate the potential of Permacol in vascular trauma. Alloderm is not a suitable alternative to PTFE for patch arteriotomy repair. C1 [Tsai, John W.; Ayubi, Farhan S.; Rice, Robert D.; Armstrong, Peter J.] Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. [Zhang, Zhou] Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Armstrong, PJ (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM peter.armstrong@amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 23 IS 3 BP 374 EP 381 DI 10.1016/j.avsg.2008.10.004 PG 8 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 450LT UT WOS:000266402700015 PM 19059755 ER PT J AU Jordan, R Goff, A Frimm, A Corrado, ML Hensley, LE Byrd, CM Mucker, E Shamblin, J Bolken, TC Wlazlowski, C Johnson, W Chapman, J Twenhafel, N Tyavanagimatt, S Amantana, A Chinsangaram, J Hruby, DE Huggins, J AF Jordan, Robert Goff, Arthur Frimm, Annie Corrado, Michael L. Hensley, Lisa E. Byrd, Chelsea M. Mucker, Eric Shamblin, Josh Bolken, Tove' C. Wlazlowski, Carly Johnson, Wendy Chapman, Jennifer Twenhafel, Nancy Tyavanagimatt, Shanthakumar Amantana, Adams Chinsangaram, Jarasvech Hruby, Dennis E. Huggins, John TI ST-246 Antiviral Efficacy in a Nonhuman Primate Monkeypox Model: Determination of the Minimal Effective Dose and Human Dose Justification SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIPOXVIRUS COMPOUND ST-246; SMALLPOX; VACCINE; MICE AB Therapeutics for the treatment of pathogenic orthopoxvirus infections are being sought. In the absence of patients with disease, animal models of orthopoxvirus disease are essential for evaluation of the efficacies of antiviral drugs and establishment of the appropriate dose and duration of human therapy. Infection of nonhuman primates (NHP) by the intravenous injection of monkeypox virus has been used to evaluate a promising therapeutic drug candidate, ST-246. ST-246 administered at 3 days postinfection (which corresponds to the secondary viremia stage of disease) at four different doses (from 100 mg/kg of body weight down to 3 mg/kg) once a day for 14 days was able to offer NHP 100% protection from a lethal infection with monkeypox virus and reduce the viral load and lesion formation. In NHP, the administration of ST-246 at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days resulted in levels of blood exposure comparable to the levels attained in humans administered 400 mg in the fed state. These results suggest that administration of an oral dosage of 400 mg once daily for 14 days will be effective for the prevention or treatment of smallpox or monkeypox infections in humans. C1 [Jordan, Robert; Byrd, Chelsea M.; Bolken, Tove' C.; Tyavanagimatt, Shanthakumar; Amantana, Adams; Chinsangaram, Jarasvech; Hruby, Dennis E.] SIGA Technol Inc, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Goff, Arthur; Hensley, Lisa E.; Mucker, Eric; Shamblin, Josh; Wlazlowski, Carly; Johnson, Wendy; Chapman, Jennifer; Twenhafel, Nancy; Huggins, John] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. [Frimm, Annie; Corrado, Michael L.] INC Res, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Hruby, DE (reprint author), SIGA Technol Inc, 4575 SW Res Way,Suite 230, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM dhruby@siga.com NR 16 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1817 EP 1822 DI 10.1128/AAC.01596-08 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 438AQ UT WOS:000265528700014 PM 19223621 ER PT J AU Swenson, DL Warfield, KL Warren, TK Lovejoy, C Hassinger, JN Ruthel, G Blouch, RE Moulton, HM Weller, DD Iversen, PL Bavari, S AF Swenson, Dana L. Warfield, Kelly L. Warren, Travis K. Lovejoy, Candace Hassinger, Jed N. Ruthel, Gordon Blouch, Robert E. Moulton, Hong M. Weller, Dwight D. Iversen, Patrick L. Bavari, Sina TI Chemical Modifications of Antisense Morpholino Oligomers Enhance Their Efficacy against Ebola Virus Infection SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID CELL-CULTURES; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ZAIRE EBOLAVIRUS; IN-VIVO; INHIBITION; REPLICATION; VP24; PATHOGENESIS; MICE; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES AB Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs) are uncharged nucleic acid-like molecules designed to inactivate the expression of specific genes via the antisense-based steric hindrance of mRNA translation. PMOs have been successful at knocking out viral gene expression and replication in the case of acute viral infections in animal models and have been well tolerated in human clinical trials. We propose that antisense PMOs represent a promising class of therapeutic agents that may be useful for combating filoviral infections. We have previously shown that mice treated with a PMO whose sequence is complementary to a region spanning the start codon of VP24 mRNA were protected against lethal Ebola virus challenge. In the present study, we report on the abilities of two additional VP24-specific PMOs to reduce the cell-free translation of a VP24 reporter, to inhibit the in vitro replication of Ebola virus, and to protect mice against lethal challenge when the PMOs are delivered prior to infection. Additionally, structure-activity relationship evaluations were conducted to assess the enhancement of antiviral efficacy associated with PMO chemical modifications that included conjugation with peptides of various lengths and compositions, positioning of conjugated peptides to either the 5' or the 3' terminus, and the conferring of charge modifications by the addition of piperazine moieties. Conjugation with arginine-rich peptides greatly enhanced the antiviral efficacy of VP24-specific PMOs in infected cells and mice during lethal Ebola virus challenge. C1 [Swenson, Dana L.; Warfield, Kelly L.; Warren, Travis K.; Ruthel, Gordon; Bavari, Sina] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Lovejoy, Candace; Hassinger, Jed N.; Blouch, Robert E.; Moulton, Hong M.; Weller, Dwight D.; Iversen, Patrick L.] AVI BioPharma Inc, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM piversen@avibio.com; sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency JSTO-CBD; Medical Research and Material Command FX The opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U. S. Army. NR 42 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 53 IS 5 BP 2089 EP 2099 DI 10.1128/AAC.00936-08 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 438AQ UT WOS:000265528700050 PM 19223614 ER PT J AU Kinch, M Yunus, A Mao, HW Lear, C Luo, GX Murray, M Huang, ZH Fesseha, Z Chen, HS Olinger, G Goldblatt, M AF Kinch, Michael Yunus, Abdul Mao, Hanwen Lear, Calli Luo, Guangxiang Murray, Michael Huang, Zhuhui Fesseha, Zena Chen, Hanson Olinger, Gene Goldblatt, Michael TI FGI-104: A Broad-Spectrum Small Molecule Inhibitor of Viral Infection SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd International Conference on Antiviral Research CY MAY 03-07, 2009 CL Miami Beach, FL C1 [Kinch, Michael; Yunus, Abdul; Mao, Hanwen; Fesseha, Zena; Chen, Hanson; Goldblatt, Michael] Funct Genet Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Olinger, Gene] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Murray, Michael; Huang, Zhuhui] Hepatitis Res Program, Frederick, MD USA. OI Kinch, Michael/0000-0003-3939-3756 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 82 IS 2 MA 77 BP A39 EP A40 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.082 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 437RM UT WOS:000265504600062 ER PT J AU Yunus, A Warren, T Warfield, K Enterlein, S Chang, SJ Mao, HW Aman, J Bavari, S Goldblatt, M Kinch, M AF Yunus, Abdul Warren, Travis Warfield, Kelly Enterlein, Sven Chang, Shaojing Mao, Hanwen Aman, Javad Bavari, Sina Goldblatt, Michael Kinch, Michael TI Identification of a Small-molecule Antiviral with Broad-spectrum Application to Multiple, Lethal Virus Types SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd International Conference on Antiviral Research CY MAY 03-07, 2009 CL Miami Beach, FL C1 [Yunus, Abdul; Chang, Shaojing; Mao, Hanwen; Goldblatt, Michael; Kinch, Michael] Funct Genet Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Warren, Travis; Bavari, Sina] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI Kinch, Michael/0000-0003-3939-3756 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 82 IS 2 MA 189 BP A74 EP A75 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.197 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 437RM UT WOS:000265504600164 ER PT J AU Teyhen, DS Williamson, JN Carlson, NH Suttles, ST O'Laughlin, SJ Whittaker, JL Goffar, SL Childs, JA AF Teyhen, Deydre S. Williamson, Jared N. Carlson, Nathan H. Suttles, Sean T. O'Laughlin, Shaun J. Whittaker, Jackie L. Goffar, Stephen L. Childs, John A. TI Ultrasound Characteristics of the Deep Abdominal Muscles During the Active Straight Leg Raise Test SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Combined Sections Meeting of the American-Physical-Therapy-Association CY FEB 06-09, 2008 CL Nashville, TN SP Amer Phys Therapy Assoc DE Low back pain; Rehabilitation ID POSTERIOR PELVIC PAIN; LOW-BACK-PAIN; SACROILIAC JOINT PAIN; PROVOCATION TESTS; TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS; LUMBAR SPINE; GIRDLE PAIN; DRAWING-IN; PREGNANCY; RECRUITMENT AB Objective: To determine whether changes in the transversus abdominis (TrA) and internal oblique (10) muscles, as seen on ultrasound imaging, during the active straight leg raise (ASLR) test differ between subjects with and without unilateral lumbopelvic pain. Design: Cross-sectional, case-control study. Setting: Clinical laboratory. Participants: Subjects (n=15) with unilateral symptoms in the lumbopelvic region and age-matched and sex-matched control subjects (n=15). Interventions: Bilateral measurements of the deep abdominal muscles (TrA and IO) were obtained simultaneously using ultrasound imaging to compare the percent change in muscle thickness from rest with (1) immediately on raising, (2) after a 10-second hold, and (3) within 5 seconds after returning the lower extremity to the plinth. Main Outcome Measure: Percent change in muscle thickness of both muscles from rest to the other 3 time intervals during the ASLR test. Results: The 3-way group X side measured X time and 2-way side measured X time interactions were not significant for either the TrA (P >=.34) or the IO (P >=.14) muscles. The 2-way interaction group X time was significant for both the TrA (P=.003) and the IO (P=.02) muscles. On lifting the lower extremity, the control group demonstrated a 23.7% and 11.2% increase in TrA and 10 muscle thickness, respectively, while those with lumbopelvic pain demonstrated a 6.4% and 5.7% increase in TrA and 10 muscle thickness, respectively. Conclusions: Although subjects with unilateral lumbopelvic pain demonstrated a smaller increase in Muscle thickness, during the ASLR test there appears to be a symmetrical response in both of the deep abdominal muscles regardless of which lower extremity is lifted during the ASLR test or the unilateral nature of the symptoms. This study attests to the potential construct validity of using the ASLR test to assess different motor control strategies of the TrA and IO muscles in subjects with unilateral lumbopelvic pain. C1 [Teyhen, Deydre S.] Baylor Univ, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, ATTN MCCS HMT, USA,Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Whittaker, Jackie L.] Univ Southampton, Sch Hlth Profess & Rehabil Sci, Southampton, Hants, England. RP Teyhen, DS (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, ATTN MCCS HMT, USA,Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, 3150 Stanley Rd,Room 1303, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM deydre.teyhen@amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 8 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 90 IS 5 BP 761 EP 767 DI 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.11.011 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 443ZS UT WOS:000265949900008 PM 19406295 ER PT J AU Harbaugh, S Kelley-Loughnane, N Davidson, M Narayanan, L Trott, S Chushak, YG Stone, MO AF Harbaugh, Svetlana Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy Davidson, Molly Narayanan, Latha Trott, Sandra Chushak, Yaroslav G. Stone, Morley O. TI FRET-Based Optical Assay for Monitoring Riboswitch Activation SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ETCH VIRUS PROTEASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; RNA; TRANSLATION; BIOLOGY AB Riboswitches are regulatory RNAs located in the 5'-untranslated region of mRNA sequences that recognize and bind to small molecules and regulate the expression of downstream genes. Creation of synthetic riboswitches to novel ligands depends on the ability to monitor riboswitch activation in the presence of analyte. In our work, we have coupled a synthetic riboswitch to an optical reporter assay based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two genetically encoded fluorescent proteins. The theophylline-sensitive riboswitch was placed upstream of the Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) protease coding sequence. Our FRET construct was composed of eGFP and a nonfluorescent yellow fluorescent protein mutant called REACh (for resonance energy-accepting chromoprotein) connected with a peptide linker containing a TEV protease cleavage site. Addition of theophylline to the E. coli cells activates the riboswitch and initiates the translation of mRNA. Synthesized protease cleaves the linker in the FRET-based fusion protein causing a change in the fluorescence signal. By this method, we observed an 11-fold increase in cellular extract fluorescence in the presence of theophylline. The advantage of using an eGFP-REACh pair is the elimination of acceptor fluorescence. This leads to an improved detection of FRET via better signal-to-noise ratio, allowing us to monitor riboswitch activation in a wide range of analyte concentrations from 0.01 to 2.5 mM. C1 [Harbaugh, Svetlana; Kelley-Loughnane, Nancy; Davidson, Molly; Narayanan, Latha; Stone, Morley O.] USAF, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. [Chushak, Yaroslav G.] USA, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Stone, MO (reprint author), USAF, Appl Biotechnol Branch, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. EM morley.stone@wpafb.af.mil FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); U.S. Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP); High Performance Computing Software Applications Institutes (HSAI) FX We acknowledge the efforts of Sandra Dias and John Lynch. This work was supported by funds provided by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) and by the U.S. Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Program (HPCMP), under the High Performance Computing Software Applications Institutes (HSAI) initiative. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD MAY PY 2009 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1055 EP 1060 DI 10.1021/bm801117f PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 443ML UT WOS:000265914200005 PM 19358526 ER PT J AU Tidwell, GL Rice, DA Kropkowski, G AF Tidwell, Gary L. Rice, Daniel A. Kropkowski, Gary TI Employer and employee obligations and rights under the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act SO BUSINESS HORIZONS LA English DT Article DE USERRA; Military; Mobilization; Reservist; Reserves; National Guard AB As more Reserve and National Guard troops are called to leave the civilian workforce and enter military service, employers must understand the legal rights those service members possess and the employers' legal obligations that are now required under the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA). Current data and litigation trends suggest many employers are not fully aware of their legal obligations under USERRA and the punishing legal liability they may face. USERRA applies to virtually all employers, and the law uniquely provides for both corporate and individual liability for discriminating against employees or applicants because of military service. This article provides an overview of USERRA from the perspective of employers, employees, and potential employees. Practical advice is rendered herein not only for those covered by the Act, but also for employers regarding adherence to this law while avoiding liability under USERRA. (C) 2009 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. All rights reserved. C1 [Tidwell, Gary L.; Rice, Daniel A.; Kropkowski, Gary] US Mil Acad, Dept Law, West Point, NY 10966 USA. RP Tidwell, GL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Law, West Point, NY 10966 USA. EM Gary.Tidwell@finra.org; Daniel.Rice@USMA.edu; Gary.Kropkowski@USMA.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0007-6813 J9 BUS HORIZONS JI Bus. Horiz. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 52 IS 3 BP 243 EP 250 DI 10.1016/j.bushor.2009.01.003 PG 8 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA 713ZR UT WOS:000286776900006 ER PT J AU Lin, CC Calvo, E Papadopoulos, KP Patnaik, A Sarantopoulos, J Mita, AC Preston, GG Mita, MM Rodon, J Mays, T Yeh, IT O'Rourke, P Takimoto, CH Dancey, JE Chen, H Tolcher, AW AF Lin, Chia-Chi Calvo, Emiliano Papadopoulos, Kyriakos P. Patnaik, Amita Sarantopoulos, John Mita, Alain C. Preston, Glenn G. Mita, Monica M. Rodon, Jordi Mays, Theresa Yeh, I-Tien O'Rourke, Pat Takimoto, Chris H. Dancey, Janet E. Chen, Helen Tolcher, Anthony W. TI Phase I study of cetuximab, erlotinib, and bevacizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors SO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th AACR/EORTC/NCI International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics CY NOV 07-10, 2006 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP AACR, EORTC, NCI DE Epidermal growth factor receptor; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Renal cell carcinoma ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR; CELL LUNG-CANCER; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; GEFITINIB; COMBINATION; MUTATIONS; TRIAL; CARCINOMA AB Background Complex interrelationships exist between the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor pathways. EGFR activation elicits cell proliferation and increased VEGF expression. To maximally inhibit EGFR and then downstream VEGF activity, this phase I study was initiated to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of erlotinib with fixed-dose cetuximab, and then combine with bevacizumab in patients with advanced malignancies. Patients and methods Patients with advanced malignancies likely to express EGFR were treated with a full dose of cetuximab intravenous weekly, combined with various doses of oral erlotinib daily (Part 1). Once the MTD was determined in Part 1, escalating doses of bevacizumab were administered intravenously biweekly (Part 2). Results Forty patients were enrolled and received 155 courses over four dose levels. In Part 1, dose-limiting grade 3 rash occurred in two patients administered with erlotinib at 100 mg daily, and the MTD of erlotinib for this combination was 50 mg daily with standard-dose cetuximab (11 patients treated). Other adverse events included rash, diarrhea, fatigue, and hypomagnesemia. In Part 2, bevacizumab at 10 mg/kg intravenous every 2 weeks was safely added, with additional nondose-limiting headache, proteinuria, and hypertension. There was one partial response in a patient with renal cell carcinoma. Durable stable disease was observed in five patients for 6-11 months. Conclusions The MTD for Part 1 was 50 mg daily of erlotinib combined with standard cetuximab. Bevacizumab at 10 mg/kg biweekly can be safely administered with the MTD for erlotinib and cetuximab combination. C1 [Lin, Chia-Chi; Calvo, Emiliano; Papadopoulos, Kyriakos P.; Patnaik, Amita; Sarantopoulos, John; Mita, Alain C.; Mita, Monica M.; Rodon, Jordi; Mays, Theresa; O'Rourke, Pat; Takimoto, Chris H.; Tolcher, Anthony W.] Canc Therapy & Res Ctr S Texas, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Preston, Glenn G.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Yeh, I-Tien] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Dancey, Janet E.; Chen, Helen] NCI, Canc Therapy Evaluat Program, Rockville, MD USA. RP Tolcher, AW (reprint author), S Texas Accelerated Res Therapeut, 4319 Med Dr,Suite 205, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM atolcher@start.stoh.com FU NCI NIH HHS [U01-CA069853] NR 36 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0344-5704 EI 1432-0843 J9 CANCER CHEMOTH PHARM JI Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1065 EP 1071 DI 10.1007/s00280-008-0811-x PG 7 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 434EF UT WOS:000265257300009 PM 18795291 ER PT J AU Clifton, G Patil, R Holmes, J Benavides, L Gates, J Jama, Y Mursal, M Zacharia, A Ciano, K Mittendorf, E Ponniah, S Peoples, G AF Clifton, Guy Patil, Ritesh Holmes, Jarrod Benavides, Linda Gates, Jeremy Jama, Yusuf Mursal, Mohamed Zacharia, Athina Ciano, Kathy Mittendorf, Elizabeth Ponniah, Sathibalan Peoples, George TI The HLA-A2 restricted HER2/neu derived peptides (E75 and GP2) are both highly immunogenic in HLA-A3 breast cancer patients vaccinated with an E75 vaccine SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Joyce Murtha Breast Care Ctr, Windber, PA USA. Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 720 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43TB UT WOS:000209702605288 ER PT J AU Clifton, G Patil, R Holmes, J Benavides, L Gates, J Jama, Y Mursal, M Zacharia, A Ciano, K Mittendorf, E Ponniah, S Peoples, G AF Clifton, Guy Patil, Ritesh Holmes, Jarrod Benavides, Linda Gates, Jeremy Jama, Yusuf Mursal, Mohamed Zacharia, Athina Ciano, Kathy Mittendorf, Elizabeth Ponniah, Sathibalan Peoples, George TI The HLA-A2 restricted HER2/neu derived peptides (E75 and GP2) are both highly immunogenic in HLA-A3 breast cancer patients vaccinated with an E75 vaccine. SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Joyce Murtha Breast Care Ctr, Windber, PA USA. Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 720 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43ST UT WOS:000209701805219 ER PT J AU Clifton, G Jarrod, H Benavides, L Gates, J Mccall, S Rivera, S Mittendorf, E Stojadinovic, A Merrill, G Ponniah, S Peoples, G AF Clifton, Guy Jarrod, Holmes Benavides, Linda Gates, Jeremy Mccall, Suzanne Rivera, Stanley Mittendorf, Elizabeth Stojadinovic, Alexander Merrill, Gerald Ponniah, Sathibalan Peoples, George TI Assessment of circulating tumor cells in disease-free breast cancer patients vaccinated with HER2/neu peptide vaccines or immunoadjuvant GM-CSF. SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 3610 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43ST UT WOS:000209701805452 ER PT J AU Dobi, A Sun, C Mohamed, A Li, HY Thangapazham, R Furusato, B Shaheduzzaman, S Tan, SH Whitman, E Hawksworth, D Chen, Y Vahey, MV Patel, V Gutkind, S Sreenath, T Petrovics, G Sesterhenn, I McLeod, D Srivastava, S AF Dobi, Albert Sun, Chen Mohamed, Ahmed Li, Hongyun Thangapazham, Rajesh Furusato, Bungo Shaheduzzaman, Syed Tan, Shyh-Han Whitman, Eric Hawksworth, Dorota Chen, Youngmei Vahey, Maryanne Vahey Patel, Vyomesh Gutkind, Silvio Sreenath, Taduru Petrovics, Gyorgy Sesterhenn, Isabel McLeod, David Srivastava, Shiv TI C-MYC AND DIFFERENTIATION MARKER GENES ARE DOWNSTREAM TARGETS OF ERG IN PROSTATE CANCER SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CPDR USU, Rockville, MD USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NIDCR NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 4236 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43ST UT WOS:000209701802149 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, R Weyandt, J Fantacone-Campbell, J Deyarmin, B Ellsworth, D Hooke, J Shriver, C AF Ellsworth, Rachel Weyandt, Jamie Fantacone-Campbell, Jamie Deyarmin, Brenda Ellsworth, Darrell Hooke, Jeffrey Shriver, Craig TI Molecular characterization of early breast disease SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Windber, PA USA. Windber Reseaerch Inst, Windber, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 5056 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43ST UT WOS:000209701800131 ER PT J AU Hu, Y Dobi, A Sreenath, T Tadese, A Tan, SH Ravindranath, L Furusato, B Chen, YM Thangapazham, R Ali, A Mohamed, A Sun, C Sesterhenn, I McLeod, D Petrovics, G Srivastava, S AF Hu, Ying Dobi, Albert Sreenath, Taduru Tadese, Atekelt Tan, Shyh-Han Ravindranath, Lakshmi Furusato, Bungo Chen, Yongmei Thangapazham, Rajesh Ali, Amina Mohamed, Ahmed Sun, Chen Sesterhenn, Isabel McLeod, David Petrovics, Gyorgy Srivastava, Shiv TI Expression and sub-cellular localization of predominant TMPRSS2-ERG transcripts with and without ETS domain in prostate cancer SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CPDR USU, Rockville, MD USA. Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 3812 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43ST UT WOS:000209701800368 ER PT J AU Li, HY Raymundo, E Xu, LD Masuda, K McLeod, D Dobi, A Srivastava, S AF Li, Hongyun Raymundo, Eliza Xu, Linda Masuda, Katsuaki McLeod, David Dobi, Albert Srivastava, Shiv TI MDM2-independent regulation of androgen receptor levels is mediated by PMEPA1 in prostate cancer SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CPDR USU, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 538 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43ST UT WOS:000209701802186 ER PT J AU Petrovics, G Whitman, E Pomerantz, M Chen, YM Chamberlin, M Furusato, B Gao, CL Ali, A Hu, Y Ravindranath, L Dobi, A Sestrehenn, I McLeod, D Freedman, M Srivastava, S AF Petrovics, Gyorgy Whitman, Eric Pomerantz, Mark Chen, Youngmei Chamberlin, Michael Furusato, Bungo Gao, Chunling Ali, Amina Hu, Ying Ravindranath, Lakshmi Dobi, Albert Sestrehenn, Isabel McLeod, David Freedman, Matthew Srivastava, Shiv TI Prostate cancer risk allele specific for african descent correlates with pathologic stage at prostatectomy SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CPDR USU, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Dana Farber Canc Res Inst, Boston, MA USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 3935 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43TC UT WOS:000209702703218 ER PT J AU Petrovics, G Groskopf, J Ali, A Chen, YM Sun, C Blase, A Whitman, E Cullen, J Sesterhenn, I Brassell, S Rittenhouse, H McLeod, D Srivastava, S AF Petrovics, Gyorgy Groskopf, Jack Ali, Amina Chen, Yongmei Sun, Chen Blase, Amy Whitman, Eric Cullen, Jennifer Sesterhenn, Isabel Brassell, Stephen Rittenhouse, Harry McLeod, David Srivastava, Shiv TI Detection of prostate cancer by ERG expression in post-DRE urine SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CPDR USU, Rockville, MD USA. Gen Probe Inc, San Diego, CA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 5417 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43ST UT WOS:000209701804448 ER PT J AU Saydmohammed, M Joseph, D Rodriguez, G Maxwell, G Syed, V AF Saydmohammed, Manush Joseph, Doina Rodriguez, Gustavo Maxwell, George Syed, Viqar TI Regulation of semaphorin-3B and semaphorin-3F expression by progesterone and vitamin-D in human endometrial cancer cells SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 69 SU 9 MA 5339 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43ST UT WOS:000209701804491 ER PT J AU Bednar, AJ Boyd, RE Jones, WT McGrath, CJ Johnson, DR Chappell, MA Ringelberg, DB AF Bednar, A. J. Boyd, R. E. Jones, W. T. McGrath, C. J. Johnson, D. R. Chappell, M. A. Ringelberg, D. B. TI Investigations of tungsten mobility in soil using column tests SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Tungstate; Polytungstate; Mobility; Speciation; Soil columns; Leachate ID OXIDE MINERALS; ADSORPTION; MOLYBDATE; ARSENATE; PHOSPHATE; NEVADA; METALS AB The geochemistry of tungsten has recently gained attention in the scientific and regulatory communities. Tungsten has a complex geochemistry, existing in many environmental matrices as the soluble and mobile tungstate anion, as well as a series of ill-defined polymeric species. Previous work has shown that soluble tungsten leached from a metallic tungsten-spiked Grenada Loring soil will reach an equilibrium concentration >150 mg L(-1), and the concentration is greatly influenced by co-occurring analytes in the matrix, such as calcium and phosphate. In the present work, the mobility of tungsten compounds was investigated in a model soil with a range of aqueous leach solutions using column experiments. The relative column leachate concentrations measured followed trends from previously reported tungstate and polytungstate partition coefficients determined in the model soil under identical aqueous matrix conditions. Neutral to alkaline conditions produced maximum effluent tungsten concentrations >40 mg L(-1), whereas acid leach eluents produced concentrations in the <1-3 mg L(-1) range. The change in leached tungsten speciation over time was also measured as monomeric and polymeric tungsten species have different sorptive behaviors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bednar, A. J.; Jones, W. T.; McGrath, C. J.; Johnson, D. R.; Chappell, M. A.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Boyd, R. E.] SpecPro Inc, Huntsville, AL USA. [Ringelberg, D. B.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Bednar, AJ (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Anthony.j.Bednar@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2009 VL 75 IS 8 BP 1049 EP 1056 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.01.039 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 450RL UT WOS:000266418400010 PM 19232431 ER PT J AU Taylor, S Lever, JH Fadden, J Perron, N Packer, B AF Taylor, Susan Lever, James H. Fadden, Jennifer Perron, Nancy Packer, Bonnie TI Simulated rainfall-driven dissolution of TNT, Tritonal, Comp B and Octol particles SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Dissolution model; High explosives; Laboratory drip tests; TNT; Comp B ID RATES; RDX; HMX AB Live-fire military training can deposit millimeter-sized particles of high explosives (HE) on surface soils when rounds do not explode as intended. Rainfall-driven dissolution of the particles then begins a process whereby aqueous HE solutions can enter the soil and groundwater as contaminants. We dripped water onto individual particles of TNT, Tritonal, Comp B and Octol to simulate how surface-deposited HE particles might dissolve under the action of rainfall and to use the data to verify a model that predicts HE dissolution as a function of particle size, particle composition and rainfall rate. Particle masses ranged from 1.1 to 17 mg and drip rates corresponded to nominal rainfall rates of 6 and 12 mm h(-1). For the TNT and Tritonal particles, TNT solubility governed dissolution time scales, whereas the lower-solubility of RDX controlled the dissolution time of both RDX and TNT in Comp B. The large, low-solubility crystals of HMX slowed but did not control the dissolution of TNT in Octol. Predictions from a drop-impingement dissolution model agree well with dissolved-mass timeseries for TNT, Tritonal and Comp B, providing some confidence that the model will also work well when applied to the rainfall-driven, outdoor dissolution of these HE particles. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Taylor, Susan; Lever, James H.; Fadden, Jennifer; Perron, Nancy] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Packer, Bonnie] USA, Environm Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Taylor, S (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Susan.Taylor@usace.army.mil FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [ER-1482] FX We thank Dr. Jeffrey Marqusee and Dr. Andrea Leeson of the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) for funding our project (ER-1482) and Carey Li and Pamela Collins for help running the laboratory tests. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2009 VL 75 IS 8 BP 1074 EP 1081 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.01.031 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 450RL UT WOS:000266418400013 PM 19215963 ER PT J AU Huang, J D'Souza, AJ Alarcon, JB Mikszta, JA Ford, BM Ferriter, MS Evans, M Stewart, T Amemiya, K Ulrich, RG Sullivan, VJ AF Huang, Joanne D'Souza, Ajit J. Alarcon, Jason B. Mikszta, John A. Ford, Brandi M. Ferriter, Matthew S. Evans, Michelle Stewart, Todd Amemiya, Kei Ulrich, Robert G. Sullivan, Vincent J. TI Protective Immunity in Mice Achieved with Dry Powder Formulation and Alternative Delivery of Plague F1-V Vaccine SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SERUM ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; YERSINIA-PESTIS; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; V-ANTIGEN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INTRADERMAL DELIVERY; INFLUENZA VACCINE; SUBUNIT VACCINE; FUSION PROTEIN; IMMUNIZATION AB The potential use of Yersinia pestis as a bioterror agent is a great concern. Development of a stable powder vaccine against Y. pestis and administration of the vaccine by minimally invasive methods could provide an alternative to the traditional liquid formulation and intramuscular injection. We evaluated a spray-freeze-dried powder vaccine containing a recombinant F1-V fusion protein of Y. pestis for vaccination against plaque in a mouse model. Mice were immunized with reconstituted spray-freeze-dried F1-V powder via intramuscular injection, microneedle-based intradermal delivery, or noninvasive intranasal administration. By intramuscular injection, the reconstituted powder induced serum antibody responses and provided protection against lethal subcutaneous challenge with 1,000 50% lethal doses of Y. pestis at levels equivalent to those elicited by unprocessed liquid formulations (70 to 90% protection). The feasibility of intradermal and intranasal delivery of reconstituted powder F1-V vaccine was also demonstrated. Overall, microneedle-based intradermal delivery was shown to be similar in efficacy to intramuscular injection, while intranasal administration required an extra dose of vaccine to achieve similar protection. In addition, the results suggest that seroconversion against F1 may be a better predictor of protection against Y. pestis challenge than seroconversion against either F1-V or V. In summary, we demonstrate the preclinical feasibility of using a reconstituted powder F1-V formulation and microneedle-based intradermal delivery to provide protective immunity against plague in a mouse model. Intranasal delivery, while feasible, was less effective than injection in this study. The potential use of these alternative delivery methods and a powder vaccine formulation may result in substantial health and economic benefits. C1 [Huang, Joanne; D'Souza, Ajit J.; Alarcon, Jason B.; Mikszta, John A.; Ford, Brandi M.; Ferriter, Matthew S.; Evans, Michelle; Stewart, Todd; Sullivan, Vincent J.] BD Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Amemiya, Kei; Ulrich, Robert G.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Sullivan, VJ (reprint author), BD Technol, 21 Davis Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM vince_sullivan@bd.com FU U. S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [DAMD17-03-2-0037, C. 2 X001 04 RD B] FX Financial support was provided, in part, by funding from the U. S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, agreements number DAMD17-03-2-0037 (V.J.S.) and C. 2 X001 04 RD B ( R. G. U.) from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 42 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 16 IS 5 BP 719 EP 725 DI 10.1128/CVI.00447-08 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 441DM UT WOS:000265749500018 PM 19261773 ER PT J AU Lorono-Pino, MA Farfan-Ale, JA Blitvich, BJ Beebe, JL Jarman, RG Beaty, BJ AF Lorono-Pino, M. A. Farfan-Ale, J. A. Blitvich, B. J. Beebe, J. L. Jarman, R. G. Beaty, B. J. TI Evaluation of an Epitope-Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Diagnosis of West Nile Virus Infections in Humans SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORIGINAL ANTIGENIC SIN; ST LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS; DENGUE VIRUS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; YUCATAN-STATE; UNITED-STATES; ANTIBODIES; DISEASE; MEXICO; TESTS AB An epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (b-ELISA) was evaluated for the diagnosis of West Nile virus (WNV) infections in humans. Sera from patients diagnosed with WNV infections from an outbreak in 2003 in Colorado and from patients diagnosed with dengue virus infections from Mexico and Thailand were tested with the b-ELISA. The b-ELISAs were performed using the WNV-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) 3.1112G and the flavivirus-specific MAb 6B6C-1. Although the WNV-specific b-ELISA was effective in diagnosing WNV infections in humans from Colorado, it was not efficacious for diagnosing WNV infections in serum specimens from Mexico and Thailand. In serum specimens from patients from Colorado, the WNV b-ELISA and the WNV plaque reduction neutralization test showed an overall agreement of 91%. The sensitivity and specificity of the WNV b-ELISA were 89% and 92%, respectively, with a false-positive rate of 5%, based on receiver operating characteristic analysis. In contrast, false-positive rate results in specimens from the countries of Mexico and Thailand, where flaviviruses are endemic, were 79% and 80%, presumably due to the presence of antibodies resulting from previous dengue virus infections in Mexico and/or Japanese encephalitis virus infections or vaccination in Thailand. Thus, in regions where people have experienced previous or multiple flavivirus infections, the use of the b-ELISA for WNV diagnosis is contraindicated. C1 [Lorono-Pino, M. A.; Blitvich, B. J.; Beaty, B. J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Lorono-Pino, M. A.; Farfan-Ale, J. A.] Univ Autonoma Yucatan, Ctr Invest Reg Dr Hideyo Noguchi, Lab Arbovirol, Merida 97000, Yucatan, Mexico. [Beebe, J. L.] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO 80230 USA. [Jarman, R. G.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Army Med Component, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Blitvich, B. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Beebe, J. L.] San Luis Obispo Cty Hlth Agcy, Publ Hlth Lab, San Luis Obispo, CA 93406 USA. RP Beaty, BJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, 1690 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM bbeaty@colostate.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI45430, R01 AI046753, U01 AI045430, AI46753]; PHS HHS [CCU820510] NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 16 IS 5 BP 749 EP 755 DI 10.1128/CVI.00393-08 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 441DM UT WOS:000265749500022 PM 19321694 ER PT J AU Teyhen, DS Stoltenberg, BE Collinsworth, KM Giese, CL Williams, DG Kardouni, CH Molloy, JM Goffar, SL Christie, DS McPoil, T AF Teyhen, Deydre S. Stoltenberg, Brian E. Collinsworth, Keith M. Giese, Crystal L. Williams, Drew G. Kardouni, Cryus H. Molloy, Joseph M. Goffar, Stephen L. Christie, Douglas S. McPoil, Thomas TI Dynamic plantar pressure parameters associated with static arch height index during gait SO CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Anthropometrics; Arch height; Foot; Podography ID MEDIAL LONGITUDINAL ARCH; ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN; OVERUSE INJURIES; FOOT POSTURE; RISK-FACTORS; RUNNERS; RELIABILITY; WALKING; MECHANICS; PRONATION AB Background: Although extreme values of arch height have been associated with increased risk for overuse injury, knowledge is limited regarding the association between arch height and plantar pressure distributions during gait. The primary purpose of this study was to explore which plantar pressure measurements during gait were associated with static arch height and arch height index. Methods: Static arch height, arch height index, and dynamic plantar pressure distributions were collected for 1000 subjects (566 males, 434 females, 30.6 [SD 8.0] years, 171.1 [SD 9.3] cm, 76.9 [SD 14.7] kg). A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to determine the most parsimonious set of plantar pressure parameters associated with arch height. The predicted values were used to calculate dynamic arch height index. Correlation and residual analysis were performed to assess the association between statically and dynamically determined arch height indices. Findings: A 5-variable model (F= 296.6: P < 0.001) was able to describe the relationship between static arch height and the dynamic foot during gait (R = 0.77 [95% CI = 0.75-0.80]). The correlation between the static and dynamically determined arch height indices was r = 0.60 (95% CI = 0.53. 0.63), with a mean residual of 0.000 (SD 0.015). Interpretation: A multivariate model generated by plantar parameters during gait was able to predict 60% of the variability in static arch height. This model consisted of variables that appear to be clinically plausible and inform the association between static arch height and dynamic foot posture. Future researchers should address the association between statically and dynamically determined AHI values with lower extremity overuse injuries. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Teyhen, Deydre S.; Stoltenberg, Brian E.; Collinsworth, Keith M.; Giese, Crystal L.; Williams, Drew G.; Kardouni, Cryus H.; Molloy, Joseph M.; Goffar, Stephen L.; Christie, Douglas S.] USA, Baylor Univ, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, ATTN MCCS HGE PT MAJ Deydre Teyhen, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [McPoil, Thomas] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Teyhen, DS (reprint author), USA, Baylor Univ, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, ATTN MCCS HGE PT MAJ Deydre Teyhen, 3151 Scott Rd,Room 1303, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Deydre.teyhen@us.army.mil FU Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations and Environment) through the National Defense Center for Energy and Environment (NDCEE) [W74V8H-04-D0005 Task 0427] FX We would also like to thank Timothy G. Eckard, Peter M. Doyle, Jess J. Feldtmann, and David M. Boland for their time and contributions to this study. We would like to acknowledge John D. Childs, PT, Ph.D. for his assistance with editing the manuscript. We would like to acknowledge that this work was funded through the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army (Installations and Environment) through the National Defense Center for Energy and Environment (NDCEE) and conducted under Contract W74V8H-04-D0005 Task 0427. NR 36 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0268-0033 J9 CLIN BIOMECH JI Clin. Biomech. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 391 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.01.006 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Engineering; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 437FL UT WOS:000265472000011 PM 19246138 ER PT J AU Crum-Cianflone, N Eberly, L Zhang, YF Ganesan, A Weintrob, A Marconi, V Barthel, RV Fraser, S Agan, BK Wegner, S AF Crum-Cianflone, Nancy Eberly, Lynn Zhang, Yafeng Ganesan, Anuradha Weintrob, Amy Marconi, Vincent Barthel, R. Vincent Fraser, Susan Agan, Brian K. Wegner, Scott TI Is HIV Becoming More Virulent? Initial CD4 Cell Counts among HIV Seroconverters during the Course of the HIV Epidemic: 1985-2007 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; TEMPORAL TRENDS; LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CLINICAL-COURSE; INFECTION; COHORT; AIDS; ASSOCIATION AB Background. Whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroconverters have been presenting with progressively lower CD4 cell counts over the course of the HIV epidemic is controversial. Additional data on whether HIV might have become more virulent on a population level (measured by post-seroconversion CD4 cell counts) may provide important insights regarding HIV pathogenesis. Methods. To determine whether post-seroconversion CD4 cell counts have changed over time, we evaluated 2174 HIV seroconverters as part of a large cohort study during the period 1985-2007. Participants were documented antiretroviral-naive HIV seroconverters who had a CD4 cell count measured within 6 months after receiving a diagnosis of HIV infection. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess trends in initial CD4 cell counts. Results. The mean initial CD4 cell count decreased during the study period from 632 cells/mm(3) in 1985-1990 to 553 cells/mm(3) in 1991-1995, 493 cells/mm(3) in 1996-2001, and 514 cells/mm(3) in 2002-2007. During those periods, the percentages of seroconverters with an initial CD4 cell count < 350 cells/mm(3) were 12%, 21%, 26%, and 25%, respectively. In the multiple linear model, the mean decrease in CD4 cell count from 1985-1990 was 65 cells/mm(3) in 1991-1995 (P <.001), 107 cells/mm(3) in 1996-2001 (P <.001), and 102 cells/mm(3) in 2002-2007 (P <.001). Similar trends occurred with regard to CD4 cell percentage and total lymphocyte count. Similar decreases in initial CD4 cell counts were observed among African American and white persons during the epidemic. Discussion. A significant decrease in initial CD4 cell counts among HIV seroconverters in the United States has occurred during the HIV epidemic. These data provide an important clinical correlate to suggestions that HIV may have adapted to the host, resulting in a more virulent infection. C1 [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Crum-Cianflone, Nancy; Eberly, Lynn; Ganesan, Anuradha; Weintrob, Amy; Marconi, Vincent; Barthel, R. Vincent; Fraser, Susan; Agan, Brian K.; Wegner, Scott] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, TriServ AIDS Clin Consortium, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Ganesan, Anuradha] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. [Eberly, Lynn; Zhang, Yafeng] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Weintrob, Amy] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Marconi, Vincent] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. [Barthel, R. Vincent] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Infect Dis Clin, Portsmouth, VA USA. [Fraser, Susan] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Crum-Cianflone, N (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Clin Invest Dept KCA, Infect Dis Clin, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr,Ste 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM nancy.crum@med.navy.mil RI Marconi, Vincent/N-3210-2014; OI Marconi, Vincent/0000-0001-8409-4689; Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669; Eberly, Lynn/0000-0003-4763-330X FU Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP); Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) FX Financial support. Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), of which the TriService AIDS Clinical Consortium is a component. The IDCRP is a Department of Defense triservice program executed through USUHS and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine in collaboration with HHS/NIH/NIAID/DCR through Interagency Agreement HU0001-05-2-0011. NR 26 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1285 EP 1292 DI 10.1086/597777 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 429CB UT WOS:000264897300022 PM 19309306 ER PT J AU Miller, M Borys, D Morgan, D AF Miller, Michael Borys, Douglas Morgan, David TI Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers and Unintended Pediatric Exposures: A Retrospective Review SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID INTOXICATION; ILLNESS C1 [Miller, Michael] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Borys, Douglas] Cent Texas Poison Ctr, Temple, TX USA. [Morgan, David] Scott & White Mem Hosp & Clin, Temple, TX 76508 USA. RP Miller, M (reprint author), 1 Jarett White Rd, Tripler, HI 96851 USA. EM Michael.adam.miller@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 48 IS 4 BP 429 EP 431 DI 10.1177/0009922808330781 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 434LG UT WOS:000265275600013 PM 19229062 ER PT J AU Ergut, A Therrien, RJ Levendis, YA Richter, H Howard, JB Carlson, JB AF Ergut, Ali Therrien, Rick J. Levendis, Yiannis A. Richter, Henning Howard, Jack B. Carlson, Joel B. TI Chemical speciation of premixed ethylbenzene flames at the soot onset limit at various (phi, T) pairs SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE Premixed combustion; One-dimensional flame; Ethylbenzene; PAH; Soot onset ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; PARTICULATE-EMISSIONS; AIR FLAMES; TEMPERATURE; COMBUSTION; PAH; THERMOCOUPLES; POLYSTYRENE; CHEMISTRY AB This work investigates the similarities/differences of one-dimensional, laminar, atmospheric pressure premixed ethylbenzene flames at their soot onset threshold (phi(critical)). The goals of this investigation are to contrast the entire temperature profiles of the flames at various critical equivalence ratios, phi(critical). and to report on hydrocarbon specie profiles. Liquid ethylbenzene was pre-vaporized in nitrogen, blended with an oxygen-nitrogen mixture and, upon ignition, premixed flat flames were stabilized over a burner at atmospheric pressure. The C/O ratio was regulated and simultaneously the temperature profile was adjusted by varying the heat lost from the flame to the burner, to obtain visually similar flames, all at their apparent soot onset limit. Temperature profiles of five such flames were determined with thermocouples. The results indicate that as the axial temperature profiles in the flames rose, phi(critical) ((C/O)(critical)) also increased. Sampling was performed at various heights along the axes of three of these flames (phi(c1) = 1.68, phi(c2) = 1.74 and phi(c3) = 1.83) to monitor changes in chemical speciation. The mole fractions of CO increased in the order of increasing equivalence ratio and hence increasing flame temperature. The CO(2) mole fractions of the three flames were similar. However, the mole fractions of light hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which are suspected soot precursors, decreased in the order of increasing equivalence ratio and hence increasing flame temperature. Whereas direct measurements of particulate matter in the flame were not made in this work, these observations on soot precursors along with theoretical flame emissivity considerations suggest that particulate loadings at the sooting limit also decreased in the order of increasing equivalence ratio and hence increasing flame temperature. (C) 2008 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ergut, Ali; Therrien, Rick J.; Levendis, Yiannis A.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Richter, Henning; Howard, Jack B.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Carlson, Joel B.] USA, SBCCOM Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Levendis, YA (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM y.levendis@neu.edu NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAY PY 2009 VL 156 IS 5 BP 1014 EP 1022 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.11.013 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 431GD UT WOS:000265048600007 ER PT J AU Brock, GW McManus, DJ Hale, JE AF Brock, Gary W. McManus, Denise J. Hale, Joanne E. TI Reflections Today Prevent Failures Tomorrow SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Article C1 [Brock, Gary W.] USA, Washington, DC USA. [McManus, Denise J.; Hale, Joanne E.] Univ Alabama, MIS, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Brock, GW (reprint author), USA, Washington, DC USA. EM gbrock@bama.ua.edu; dmcmanus@cba.ua.edu; jhale@cba.ua.edu NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD MAY PY 2009 VL 52 IS 5 BP 140 EP 144 DI 10.1145/1506409.1506443 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 437SC UT WOS:000265506200038 ER PT J AU Lee, KH Cho, SH Xia, Y Gunning, ST AF Lee, Kristyna H. Cho, Sunghun Xia, Yang Gunning, Sean T. TI What Is Your Diagnosis? Paget Disease of the Nipple - The Diagnosis: Paget Disease of the Nipple SO CUTIS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lee, Kristyna H.] SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Cho, Sunghun; Xia, Yang; Gunning, Sean T.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Natl Capital Consortium, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lee, KH (reprint author), SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAY PY 2009 VL 83 IS 5 BP 240 EP + PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 449QV UT WOS:000266346000004 PM 19537281 ER PT J AU Jones, RP Bednar, AJ Inouye, LS AF Jones, Robert P. Bednar, Anthony J. Inouye, Laura S. TI Subcellular compartmentalization of lead in the earthworm, Eisenia fetida: Relationship to survival and reproduction SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Lead; Toxicity; Soil; Reproduction; Earthworm; Subcellular compartmentalization; Body burden ID CONTAMINATED SOILS; METAL SEQUESTRATION; LUMBRICUS-RUBELLUS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CADMIUM; BIOAVAILABILITY; GROWTH; COPPER; FIELD; METALLOTHIONEIN AB Metals are detoxified and sequestered into subcellular compartments when accumulated by earthworms. Differential centrifugation was used to quantify subcellular Pb in three separate studies to measure 14-day acute toxicity (lethality), 28/56-day reproductive effects, and 90-day bioaccumulation in spiked-soil exposed earthworms, Eisenia fetida. Observed toxicity and total body Pb was consistent with published work of others. Pb showed concentration-dependent toxicity relationships (lethality and reproduction) for total and subcellular Pb. Toxic fraction and total Pb showed similar concentration-response patterns in the 14-day and 28/56-day studies and tended to increase towards a plateau at higher concentrations. Linear correlations of subcellular to total Pb was observed in all studies except the 90-day bioaccumulation study in which toxic fraction Pb appeared to approach a maximum over the period between Day 56 and Day 90. In a follow-on stud using two different contaminated soil types, toxic fraction and total Pb concentrations as related to reproductive effects were consistent with data from our spiked soil studies, and this suggests it may be possible to use such values to "factor out" matrix-specific influences that otherwise skew toxicity values when expressed relative to soil concentrations. Our findings, however, suggest the subcellular fractionation approach may not offer advantages over total Pb determination in short-term exposure studies but may become important when longer exposure periods (greater than 90 days) are considered. In this respect, the technique we describe has the potential to provide valuable information for assessing and interpreting Pb toxicity as a function of earthworm body burden. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jones, Robert P.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Risk Assessment Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Bednar, Anthony J.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Chem Branch, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Inouye, Laura S.] Washington State Govt, Dept Ecol, Lacey, WA USA. RP Jones, RP (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Risk Assessment Branch, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Robert.P.Jones@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 72 IS 4 BP 1045 EP 1052 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.12.011 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 441KO UT WOS:000265767900008 PM 19193437 ER PT J AU Lee, LT Wibowo, JL Taylor, PA Glynn, ME AF Lee, Landris T., Jr. Wibowo, Johannes L. Taylor, Perry A. Glynn, M. Eileen TI In Situ Erosion Testing and Clay Levee Erodibility SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Jet Index Test; Levee Erosion; Overtopping AB Earthen levee damage from storm surge overtopping in the New Orleans area was observed and documented after Hurricane Katrina. Some levee reaches were undamaged and some were slightly eroded, while other portions were completely breached. The in situ jet index test method was applied along selected post-storm reconstructed levee reaches to assess levee fill erodibility. Jet index testing was also conducted at three undamaged (un-eroded) levee surface locations. Pre-storm levee profiles (elevations) were compared to post-storm modeled stormwater elevations to estimate overtopping depths at the test sites. Also, pre-storm levee profiles were compared to post-storm profiles to estimate erosion depths at the test sites. The jet index test results were integrated with pre-storm soil boring data (i.e., stratigraphy and soil classification), post-storm erosion depths, and overtopping depths to investigate soil surface erodibility relationships. The results showed the validity of using the jet index test method for levee soil erodibility assessments. C1 [Lee, Landris T., Jr.; Wibowo, Johannes L.; Taylor, Perry A.; Glynn, M. Eileen] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Lee, LT (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 15 IS 2 BP 101 EP 106 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 491XC UT WOS:000269615500005 ER PT J AU McFarland, CA Quinn, MJ Bazar, MA Talent, LG Johnson, MS AF McFarland, Craig A. Quinn, Michael J., Jr. Bazar, Matthew A. Talent, Larry G. Johnson, Mark S. TI TOXIC EFFECTS OF ORAL HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE IN THE WESTERN FENCE LIZARD (SCELOPORUS OCCIDENTALIS) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Reptiles; Explosives; Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine; Toxicity; Lizard ID BOBWHITE COLINUS-VIRGINIANUS; RDX BIODEGRADATION; DOSE-RESPONSE; EXPOSURE; 1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; MODELS AB Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) has been widely used as an explosive in munition formulations, resulting in contamination of wildlife habitat on military installations. To estimate health effects for reptilian species, acute, subacute, and subchronic oral toxicity studies were conducted using the Western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis). Estimated oral median lethal doses were 72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 49-106) mg/kg body weight (slope, 3.754) for males and 88 (95% CI, 65-119) mg/kg (slope, 4.525) for females. Toxicity from RDX suggested the neurological system as the critical target tissue. A 14-d subacute study followed with males dosed orally with RDX (corn oil) at 0, 10, 20, 25, 30, 45, and 60 mg/kg/d. Signs of toxicity frequently included a characteristic body posture. A significant dose-survival relationship was seen over the range of doses, with a significant decrease in survival at 20 mg/kg/d. Males in the 60-d subchronic study were dosed at 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 8, and 11 mg/kg/d, and signs of toxicity included lethargy, cachexia, and anorexia. Survival was decreased at 8 and 11 mg/kg/d. Reduced growth rate and food consumption occurred at 5 mg/kg/d. Brain tissue was assayed for RDX when seizures were observed at a residue concentration of at least 18 mu g/g. No abnormalities were observed in the hematologic indices, whereas plasma proteins were reduced. Hepatic enlargement and decreased testes mass occurred at 8 and 11 mg/kg/d. Plasma testosterone concentrations, sperm counts, and motility measures were variable for all treatment levels. Based on survival, growth rate, food intake, and testes to brain weight ratios, these data suggest a lowest-observed-adverse effect level of 5 mg/kg/d and a no-observed-adverse effect level of 2.5 mg/kg/d. C1 [McFarland, Craig A.; Quinn, Michael J., Jr.; Bazar, Matthew A.; Johnson, Mark S.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Talent, Larry G.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP McFarland, CA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM craig.a.mcfarland@us.army.mil FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) [ER-1420] FX We thank Pat Beall, Robyn Lee, George Parker, Kenneth Despain, Desmond Bannon, Amy Hawkins, and Ron Porter for their advice and technical assistance during the course of this study. The funding for this work was provided through the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP ER-1420). NR 40 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 5 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1043 EP 1050 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 433RN UT WOS:000265223600019 PM 19102580 ER PT J AU Rice, KR Dean, RC AF Rice, Kevin R. Dean, Robert C. TI Vardenafil: efficacy, tolerability and future directions SO EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG METABOLISM & TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE erectile dysfunction; impotence; PDE5 inhibitor; vardenafil ID URINARY-TRACT SYMPTOMS; BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA; RADICAL RETROPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY; SPONTANEOUS ERECTILE FUNCTION; ISCHEMIC OPTIC NEUROPATHY; LONG-TERM EFFICACY; SILDENAFIL CITRATE; SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION; DOUBLE-BLIND; PHOSPHODIESTERASE-5 INHIBITORS AB Vardenafil is a short-acting PDE5 inhibitor used in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction. It is the most potent and specific of the three commercially available PDE5 inhbitors, which may decrease incidence of side effects, although this has not been demonstrated clinically. Although its efficacy in the treatment of erectile dysfunction has been demonstrated in several studies, recent and continuing studies have shown vardenafil's promise as an effective agent in penile rehabilitation, decreasing lower urinary tract symptoms resulting from benign prostatic hyperplasia and management of pulmonary hypertension. C1 [Rice, Kevin R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Urol Clin 4F, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rice, KR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Urol Clin 4F, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM KEVIN.RICE6@US.ARMY.MIL FU Pfizer Co FX Robert Dean has received a grant from Pfizer Co. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1742-5255 J9 EXPERT OPIN DRUG MET JI Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 5 IS 5 BP 553 EP 562 DI 10.1517/17425250902884108 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 454HR UT WOS:000266673500009 PM 19416089 ER PT J AU Steele, KE Anderson, AO Mohamadzadeh, M AF Steele, Keith E. Anderson, Arthur O. Mohamadzadeh, Mansour TI Fibroblastic reticular cells and their role in viral hemorrhagic fevers SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY LA English DT Review DE Ebola virus; fibroblastic reticular cell; Lassa virus; Marburg virus; viral hemorrhagic fever ID EBOLA-VIRUS-INFECTION; HIGH ENDOTHELIAL VENULES; I INTERFERON RESPONSE; HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS; LYMPH-NODE CORTEX; MARBURG-VIRUS; LASSA-VIRUS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; GUINEA-PIGS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES AB Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) caused by Ebola, Marburg and Lassa viruses often manifest as multiple organ dysfunction and hemorrhagic shock with high mortality. These viruses target numerous cell types, including monocytes and dendritic cells, which are primary early targets that mediate critical pathogenetic processes. This review focuses on fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs), another prevalent infected cell type that is known as a key regulator of circulatory and immune functions. Viral infection of FRCs could have debilitating effects in secondary lymphoid organs and various other tissues. FRCs may also contribute to the spread of these deadly viruses throughout the body. Here, we review the salient features of these VHFs and the biology of FRCs, emphasizing the potential role of these cells in VHFs and the rapid deterioration of immune and hemovascular sytems that are characteristic of such acute infections. C1 [Steele, Keith E.] USA, Div Pathol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Anderson, Arthur O.] USA, Off Human Use & Eth, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Mohamadzadeh, Mansour] Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Med NW, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Steele, KE (reprint author), USA, Div Pathol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM keith.steele1@us.army.mil; arthur.anderson2@amedd.army.mil; m.zadeh@northwestern.edu NR 128 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-7210 J9 EXPERT REV ANTI-INFE JI Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 423 EP 435 DI 10.1586/ERI.09.13 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 446RV UT WOS:000266139700011 PM 19400762 ER PT J AU Wildman, RA Gazonas, GA AF Wildman, Raymond A. Gazonas, George A. TI Gravitational and magnetic anomaly inversion using a tree-based geometry representation SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAVITY-ANOMALIES; LEAST-SQUARES; CURVES METHOD; PROFILE; SHAPE AB Gravitational and magnetic anomaly inversion of homogeneous 2D and 3D structures is treated using a geometric parameterization that can represent multiple, arbitrary polygons or polyhedra and a local-optimization scheme based on a hill-climbing method. This geometry representation uses a tree data structure, which defines a set of Boolean operations performed on convex polygons. A variable-length list of points, whose convex hull defines a convex polygon operand, resides in each leaf node of the tree. The overall optimization algorithm proceeds in two steps. Step one optimizes geometric transformations performed on different convex polygons. This step provides approximate size and location data. The second step optimizes the points located on all convex hulls simultaneously, giving a more accurate representation of the geometry. Though not an inherent restriction, only the geometry is optimized, not including material values such as density or susceptibility. Results based on synthetic and measured data show that the method accurately reconstructs various structures from gravity and magnetic anomaly data. In addition to purely homogeneous structures, a parabolic density distribution is inverted for 2D inversion. C1 [Wildman, Raymond A.; Gazonas, George A.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Wildman, RA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen, MD USA. EM raymond.a.wildman@arl.army.mil; gazonas@arl.army.mil OI Gazonas, George/0000-0002-2715-016X FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory (USARL); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This work was supported in part by an appointment to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the U. S. Army Research Laboratory (USARL) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U. S. Department of Energy and USARL. In addition, the authors would like to thank Juan Garcia-Abdeslem for his time and thorough reviews. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 74 IS 3 BP I23 EP I35 DI 10.1190/1.3110042 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 443BI UT WOS:000265884800015 ER PT J AU Ellefsen, KJ Croize, D Mazzella, AT McKenna, JR AF Ellefsen, Karl J. Croize, Delphine Mazzella, Aldo T. McKenna, Jason R. TI Frequency-domain Green's functions for radar waves in heterogeneous 2.5D media SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; BOREHOLE; INVERSION; FDFD AB Green's functions for radar waves propagating in heterogeneous 2.5D media might be calculated in the frequency domain using a hybrid method. The model is defined in the Cartesian coordinate system, and its electromagnetic properties might vary in the x- and z-directions, but not in the y-direction. Wave propagation in the x- and z-directions is simulated with the finite-difference method, and wave propagation in the y-direction is simulated with an analytic function. The absorbing boundaries on the finite-difference grid are perfectly matched layers that have been modified to make them compatible with the hybrid method. The accuracy of these numerical Green's functions is assessed by comparing them with independently calculated Green's functions. For a homogeneous model, the magnitude errors range from -4.16% through 0.44%, and the phase errors range from -0.06% through 4.86%. For a layered model, the magnitude errors range from -2.60% through 2.06%, and the phase errors range from -0.49% through 2.73%. These numerical Green's functions might be used for forward modeling and full waveform inversion. C1 [Ellefsen, Karl J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Croize, Delphine] Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway. [Mazzella, Aldo T.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [McKenna, Jason R.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Ellefsen, KJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM ellefsen@usgs.gov; delphine.croize@geo.uio.no; mazzella.aldo@epa.gov; Jason.R.McKenna@usace.army.mil NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 74 IS 3 BP J13 EP J22 DI 10.1190/1.3092776 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 443BI UT WOS:000265884800017 ER PT J AU Wu, GF de Leeuw, J Skidmore, AK Prins, HHT Best, EPH Liu, YL AF Wu, Guofeng de Leeuw, Jan Skidmore, Andrew K. Prins, Herbert H. T. Best, Elly P. H. Liu, Yaolin TI Will the Three Gorges Dam affect the underwater light climate of Vallisneria spiralis L. and food habitat of Siberian crane in Poyang Lake? SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Photosynthetically active radiation ( PAR); Vallisneria spiralis; Tuber production; Siberian crane; Poyang Lake; Three Gorges Dam ID SWAN-PONDWEED SYSTEM; AMERICANA; GROWTH; RIVER; RECRUITMENT; HERBIVORY; DENSITIES; CHINA AB Almost 95% of the entire population of the Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus) winter in Poyang Lake, China, where they forage on the tubers of the submerged aquatic macrophyte Vallisneria spiralis. The Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River may possibly affect this food source of the Siberian crane by affecting the light intensity reaching the top of the V. spiralis canopy. In this study, the photosynthetically active radiation at the top of the V. spiralis canopy (PAR(tc)) in Lake Dahuchi was modeled from 1998 to 2006, and the potential impacts of changes in water level and turbidity on the underwater light climate of V. spiralis were analyzed. PAR(tc) was calculated from incident irradiance while the losses due to reflection at the water surface, absorption, and scattering within the water column were taken into consideration. The results indicated significant differences in PAR(tc) between years. Six years of water level and Secchi disk depth records revealed a seasonal switching of the lake from a turbid state at low water levels in autumn, winter, and spring to a clear state at high water levels during the monsoon in summer. The highest PAR(tc) occurred at intermediate water levels, which were reached when the Yangtze River forces Lake Dahuchi out of its turbid state in early summer and the water becomes clear. The intended operation of the Three Gorges Dam, which will increase water levels in May and June, may advance the moment when Lake Dahuchi switches from turbid to clear. We suggest that this might increase production of V. spiralis and possibly improve the food habitat conditions for wintering Siberian crane in Poyang Lake. C1 [Liu, Yaolin] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Wu, Guofeng; Liu, Yaolin] Wuhan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Geog Informat Syst, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [de Leeuw, Jan; Skidmore, Andrew K.] Int Inst Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, Dept Nat Resources, NL-7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands. [Prins, Herbert H. T.] Univ Wageningen, Dept Environm Sci, Resource Ecol Grp, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Best, Elly P. H.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Wu, GF (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, 129 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. EM guofeng.wu@whu.edu.cn RI Skidmore, Andrew/C-7441-2011; Faculty of ITC, Dep Nat. Resources/C-4295-2014 OI Skidmore, Andrew/0000-0002-7446-8429; FU Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research (WOTRO) [WB 84-550]; International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC); Netherlands, the School of Resource and Environmental Science; Wuhan University, China; Bureau of Jiangxi Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve, China; International Crane Foundation (ICF). FX This study was supported by Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research (WOTRO) ( Grant: WB 84-550), the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), the Netherlands, the School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, China, the Bureau of Jiangxi Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve, China, and the International Crane Foundation (ICF). NR 37 TC 21 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD MAY PY 2009 VL 623 IS 1 BP 213 EP 222 DI 10.1007/s10750-008-9659-7 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 403IM UT WOS:000263076300015 ER PT J AU Siriani, DF Tan, MP Kasten, AM Harren, ACL Leisher, PO Sulkin, JD Raftery, JJ Danner, AJ Giannopoulos, AV Choquette, KD AF Siriani, Dominic F. Tan, Meng Peun Kasten, Ansas M. Harren, Ann C. Lehman Leisher, Paul O. Sulkin, Joshua D. Raftery, James J., Jr. Danner, Aaron J. Giannopoulos, Antonios V. Choquette, Kent D. TI Mode Control in Photonic Crystal Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers and Coherent Arrays SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE Distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers; laser modes; semiconductor laser arrays; semiconductor lasers ID VCSEL; POWER; OPERATION; FIBER; INDEX AB We demonstrate transverse mode control in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and 2-D VCSEL arrays. By etching a periodic arrangement of circular holes into the top distributed Bragg reflector mirror, we are able to control the lasing modes through index and loss confinement. Theoretical modeling of these confinement effects are shown to be consistent with experimental measurements. Photonic crystal etched patterns and ion-implanted photonic lattices have been employed to fabricate coherently-coupled 2-D arrays. Control of the array supermodes from the out-of-phase and in-phase conditions is discussed. Designs of photonic crystal coherent VCSEL arrays for high-power emission and beam steering applications are described. C1 [Siriani, Dominic F.; Tan, Meng Peun; Kasten, Ansas M.; Sulkin, Joshua D.; Giannopoulos, Antonios V.; Choquette, Kent D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Harren, Ann C. Lehman] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Leisher, Paul O.] nLight Corp, Vancouver, WA 98665 USA. [Raftery, James J., Jr.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Danner, Aaron J.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore 117576, Singapore. RP Siriani, DF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM siriani@illinois.edu; mengtan@illinois.edu; akasten@illinois.edu; alehman@sandia.gov; paul.leisher@nlight.net; sulkin@illinois.edu; jim.raftery@us.army.mil; adanner@nus.edu.sg; giannopo@illinois.edu; choquett@illinois.edu NR 43 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1077-260X J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 15 IS 3 BP 909 EP 917 DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2008.2012121 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 457LE UT WOS:000266928700053 ER PT J AU Conti, G Sobiesk, E AF Conti, Gregory Sobiesk, Edward TI Malicious Interfaces and Personalization's Uninviting Future SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Conti, Gregory; Sobiesk, Edward] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Conti, G (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM gregory.conti@usma.edu; edward.sobiesk@usma.edu NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 7 IS 3 BP 64 EP 67 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 454IY UT WOS:000266676800013 ER PT J AU Masrur, MA AF Masrur, M. Abul TI Assumption or Fact? Line-to-Neutral Voltage Expression in an Unbalanced 3-Phase Circuit During Inverter Switching SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE 3-phase system; electric drives; inverter; motor; open circuit fault; power electronics; short circuit fault; unbalanced 3-phase system ID MOTOR DRIVE AB This paper discusses the situation in a 3-phase motor or any other 3-phase system operating under unbalanced operating conditions caused by an open fault in an inverter switch. A do voltage source is assumed as the input to the inverter, and under faulty conditions of the inverter switch, the actual voltage applied between the line to neutral (open neutral) of the 3-phase circuit is derived, based on the inverter switching table. This issue is very important, since during motor analysis and simulation it very often becomes necessary to use a line-to-neutral voltage as input to the simulation process or analysis, for which current is the output. The paper studies the necessary and sufficient conditions required for the line-to-neutral voltages indicated in the switching truth table to be true. C1 USA, RDECOM TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Masrur, MA (reprint author), USA, RDECOM TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM md.abul.masrur@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9359 J9 IEEE T EDUC JI IEEE Trans. Educ. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 52 IS 2 BP 222 EP 227 DI 10.1109/TE.2008.925762 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 443UL UT WOS:000265936200003 ER PT J AU Dogarti, T Le, C AF Dogarti, Traian Le, Calvin TI SAR Images of Rooms and Buildings Based on FDTD Computer Models SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Computational electromagnetics (CEMs); radar imaging; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ID WAVE-PROPAGATION; WALL; 900-MHZ; BAND AB This paper presents synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of rooms and buildings based on numerical simulations, with application to sensing through the wall (STTW) scenarios. We use the finite-difference time-domain modeling technique to compute the radar return from configurations of increasing complexity, where humans and furniture objects are placed in a room. We apply SAR image formation techniques and analyze the images obtained for various wall materials, aspect angles, and radar parameters. We investigate the multipath propagation issues relevant to STTW imaging radar and discuss the radar parameter tradeoff based on image quality. We also look at images obtained in cross-polarization, demonstrating how this radar operational mode can achieve significant clutter rejection. The phenomenological results obtained in this paper can be used as guidance by radar engineers in order to optimize the performance of STTW SAR imaging systems. C1 [Dogarti, Traian; Le, Calvin] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dogarti, T (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM tdogaru@arl.army.mil NR 35 TC 42 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAY PY 2009 VL 47 IS 5 BP 1388 EP 1401 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2009.2013841 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 437KT UT WOS:000265487100014 ER PT J AU Le, C Dogaru, T Nguyen, L Ressler, MA AF Le, Calvin Dogaru, Traian Nguyen, Lam Ressler, Marc A. TI Ultrawideband (UWB) Radar Imaging of Building Interior: Measurements and Predictions SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Computational electromagnetics (CEM); synthetic aperture radar (SAR); ultrawideband (UWB) radar imaging ID PROPAGATION; XPATCH; SCATTERING; 900-MHZ AB In this paper, we explore using the ultrawideband radar technology for sensing through-the-wall imaging. We conducted a field experiment with our in-house designed impulse-based radar, in which a stripmap synthetic aperture radar (SAR) geometry was employed in mapping an abandoned Army barrack building with a large footprint area. The images obtained from two sides of the building were combined in order to obtain the full building layout, including the interior structure. Computer simulations performed with Xpatch, a physical optics-based ray tracing code, are used to explain some phenomena observed in the measured SAR images. C1 [Le, Calvin; Dogaru, Traian; Nguyen, Lam; Ressler, Marc A.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Le, C (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM cle@arl.army.mil; tdogaru@arl.army.mil; lnguyen@arl.army.mil; mressler@arl.army.mil NR 26 TC 56 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD MAY PY 2009 VL 47 IS 5 BP 1409 EP 1420 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2009.2016653 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 437KT UT WOS:000265487100016 ER PT J AU Fisher, CR Davies, NMLL Wyckoff, EE Feng, ZY Oaks, EV Payne, SM AF Fisher, Carolyn R. Davies, Nicola M. L. L. Wyckoff, Elizabeth E. Feng, Zhengyu Oaks, Edwin V. Payne, Shelley M. TI Genetics and Virulence Association of the Shigella flexneri Sit Iron Transport System SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FERROUS IRON; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND; INTRACELLULAR ENVIRONMENT; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; AEROBACTIN SYNTHESIS; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; HEME TRANSPORT; BLACK-HOLES; IN-VITRO AB The sit-encoded iron transport system is present within pathogenicity islands in all Shigella spp. and some pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. The islands contain numerous insertion elements and sequences with homology to bacteriophage genes. The Shigella flexneri sit genes can be lost as a result of deletion within the island. The formation of deletions was dependent upon RecA and occurred at relatively high frequency. This suggests that the sit region is inherently unstable, yet sit genes are maintained in all of the clinical isolates tested. Characterization of the sitABCD genes in S. flexneri indicates that they encode a ferrous iron transport system, although the genes are induced aerobically. The sit genes provide a competitive advantage to S. flexneri growing within epithelial cells, and a sitA mutant is outcompeted by the wild type in cultured epithelial cells. The Sit system is also required for virulence in a mouse lung model. The sitA mutant was able to infect the mice and induce a protective immune response but was avirulent compared to its wild-type parent strain. C1 [Fisher, Carolyn R.; Davies, Nicola M. L. L.; Wyckoff, Elizabeth E.; Feng, Zhengyu; Payne, Shelley M.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Mol Genet & Microbiol, Inst Cellular & Mol Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Oaks, Edwin V.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect DCD&I, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Payne, SM (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Sect Mol Genet & Microbiol, Inst Cellular & Mol Biol, 1 Univ Stn,A5000, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM payne@mail.utexas.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AI16935] FX This work was supported by grant AI16935 from the National Institutes of Health. NR 63 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 77 IS 5 BP 1992 EP 1999 DI 10.1128/IAI.00064-09 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 434MX UT WOS:000265279900028 PM 19289511 ER PT J AU Liyala, P Eyase, F Achilla, R Akala, H Wangui, J Mwangi, J Osuna, F Wadegu, M Nzunza, R Coldren, RL Waters, NC Bedno, S AF Liyala, P. Eyase, F. Achilla, R. Akala, H. Wangui, J. Mwangi, J. Osuna, F. Wadegu, M. Nzunza, Rosemary Coldren, R. L. Waters, N. C. Bedno, S. TI Trends in Plasmodium falciparum Genotype Mutations Associated with Antimalarial Drug Resistance in Kenya SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Liyala, P.; Eyase, F.; Achilla, R.; Akala, H.; Wangui, J.; Mwangi, J.; Osuna, F.; Wadegu, M.; Nzunza, Rosemary; Coldren, R. L.; Bedno, S.] KEMRI, Kenya Ctr Clin Res, United States Army, Med Res Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. [Waters, N. C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM rnzunza@wrp-nbo.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 9 IS 3 BP 380 EP 381 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 446OE UT WOS:000266130100050 ER PT J AU Tran, DT Chu, D Oliver, AG Oliver, SRJ AF Tran, Dat T. Chu, Deryn Oliver, Allen G. Oliver, Scott R. J. TI Synthesis and characterization of strontium 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate, [Sr-3(1,3,5-BTC)(2)(H2O)(4)]center dot H2O SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Hydrothermal synthesis; 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid; Strontium 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate; Metal-organic framework ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; STRUCTURAL DIVERSITY; COORDINATION NETWORK; CADMIUM(II); LAYERS AB A three-dimensional strontium-based metal-organic framework was constructed using 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, [Sr-3((OOC)(3)C6H3)(2)(H2O)(4)]center dot H2O. This new compound was synthesized hydrothermally and is a rare example of a strontium metal-organic network. The compound network contains three distinct Sr centers, one of which is seven-coordinate and the other two are nine-coordinate geometry. The benzene rings form a herring-bone type of arrangement down the a-axis. The material is thermally stable to ca. 230 degrees C and transforms to an unknown material before finally decomposing to phase-pure SrCO3 at 650 degrees C. The synthesis, structure, morphology and materials properties are discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tran, Dat T.; Chu, Deryn] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Oliver, Allen G.; Oliver, Scott R. J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Tran, DT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dat.tran1@arl.army.mil FU The Army Research Laboratory; NSF Career Award [DMR-0506279]; National Science Foundation; Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program [CHE-0521569] FX The Army Research Laboratory is acknowledged for financial support of this research. S.O. acknowledges financial support from an NSF Career Award (DMR-0506279). The single crystal X-ray diffraction data in this work were recorded on an instrument supported by the National Science Foundation, Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program under Grant No. CHE-0521569. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-7003 J9 INORG CHEM COMMUN JI Inorg. Chem. Commun. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 12 IS 5 BP 351 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.inoche.2009.02.004 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 452FN UT WOS:000266525600004 ER PT J AU Mallick, G Karna, SP He, HY Pandey, R AF Mallick, Govind Karna, Shashi P. He, Haiying Pandey, Ravindra TI Length-Dependence of Electron Transfer Coupling Matrix in Polyene Wires: Ab Initio Molecular Orbital Theory Study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE electron transfer; molecular orbitals; beta-carotene ID TRANSFER KINETICS; PATHWAY ANALYSIS; BETA-CAROTENE; CONDUCTANCE; MONOLAYERS; JUNCTION; MODEL; ATOM; BOND AB The electron transfer (ET) properties of pi-electron conjugated quasi-one-dimensional molecular wires, consisting of polyene, [>C=C<](n) (n = 1-11), including beta-carotene, is investigated using ab initio molecular orbital theory within Koopmans theorem (KT) approach. The ET coupling matrix element, V(DA) for 1,3-trans-butadiene molecule calculated with the KT approach shows excellent agreement with the corresponding results obtained with two-state model. The calculated values of V(DA) for the polyene oligomers exhibit exponential decrease in magnitude with increasing length of the wire. However, the decay curve exhibits three different regimes. The magnitude of the decay constant, beta, decreases with the increase in length of the wire. A highly delocalized pi-electron cloud in the polyene chain appears to facilitate retention of the electronic coupling at large separations between the donor and acceptor centers. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 109: 1302-1310, 2009* C1 [Mallick, Govind; Karna, Shashi P.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Attn AMSRD ARL WM BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [He, Haiying; Pandey, Ravindra] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Mallick, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Attn AMSRD ARL WM BD, B-4600, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM gmallick@arl.army.mil; skarna@arl.army.mil FU Director's Research Initiative (DRI) [RL-FY07-WMR-10]; Defense Advance Research Project Agency [ARL-DAAD17-03-C-0115] FX Contract grant number: ARL-DAAD17-03-C-0115. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0020-7608 J9 INT J QUANTUM CHEM JI Int. J. Quantum Chem. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 109 IS 6 BP 1302 EP 1310 DI 10.1002/qua.21927 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Mathematics; Physics GA 424NR UT WOS:000264573900013 ER PT J AU Warfield, KL Deal, EM Bavari, S AF Warfield, Kelly L. Deal, Emily M. Bavari, Sina TI Zoonosis Update Filovirus infections SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; PROTECTS NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; SUBTYPE RESTON VIRUS; MARBURG-VIRUS; DENDRITIC CELLS; GUINEA-PIGS; POSTEXPOSURE TREATMENT; PERSISTENT INFECTION; COTE-DIVOIRE C1 [Warfield, Kelly L.] Integrated Bio Therapeut Inc, Germantown, MD 20876 USA. [Deal, Emily M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bavari, Sina] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Warfield, KL (reprint author), Integrated Bio Therapeut Inc, 20358 Seneca Meadows Pkwy, Germantown, MD 20876 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI021362] NR 125 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 234 IS 9 BP 1130 EP 1139 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 437UP UT WOS:000265512700008 PM 19405883 ER PT J AU Pennington, G Wickenden, AE AF Pennington, G. Wickenden, A. E. TI Efficient terahertz generation by carbon nanotubes within the limited space-charge accumulation regime SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; TECHNOLOGY; CONDUCTIVITY AB This paper investigates the generation of power at terahertz frequencies by a single-walled semiconducting carbon nanotube (s-SWCNT). The prediction of negative differential resistance (NDR) in s-SWCNTs allows for their consideration as a Gunn-type oscillator. Here we consider the regime of limited-space-charge accumulation within nanotubes biased with a potential along the tube axis. This regime minimizes the growth of high-field domain regions, which may be destructive to the nanotube, and allows for efficient high-power operation. Results show that a high-power, efficient, miniaturized, room temperature source of terahertz radiation is possible by appropriate biasing of the s-SWCNT element in the NDR region of operation. Nanotubes of diameter (d) 0.8-4.5 nm are considered. The generated ac power (P-ac) is found to range in the mu W/mu m range, reaching values as high as 13 mu W/mu m at high bias and small diameter. Very large generation efficiencies (eta) were found with a maximum value of 20% at high bias and small d. For a fixed dc bias field to NDR threshold field ratio, performance parameters are found to decrease with increasing s-SWCNT tube diameter as P-ac similar to d(-2) and eta similar to d(-1/3). Frequencies of operation where found to span the terahertz regime, indicating that a s-SWCNT may serve as the active element in terahertz oscillator diodes. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3123806] C1 [Pennington, G.; Wickenden, A. E.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pennington, G (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gary.w.pennington@gmail.com FU Army Research Laboratory and Oak Ridge Associated Universities FX G. Pennington thanks the Army Research Laboratory and Oak Ridge Associated Universities for support and thanks N. Goldsman and A. Akturk for discussions related to this work. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 105 IS 9 AR 094316 DI 10.1063/1.3123806 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 448LE UT WOS:000266263300147 ER PT J AU Tsai, L Yuan, FP Prakash, V Dandekar, DP AF Tsai, Liren Yuan, Fuping Prakash, Vikas Dandekar, Dattatraya P. TI Shock compression behavior of a S2-glass fiber reinforced polymer composite SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STRESS-WAVE PROPAGATION; EPOXY COMPOSITE; INTEGRAL ARMOR; IMPACT; MIXTURES AB Synthetic heterogeneous material systems, e. g., layered composite materials with organic matrices reinforced by glass fibers (GRP), are attractive materials for a variety of lightweight armor applications. However, while the dynamic response of homogeneous materials, such as, metals and ceramics, has been well documented, the ballistic response of heterogeneous material systems is poorly understood. In the present study, in an attempt to better understand the shock-induced compression response of GRPs, a series of plate impact experiments were conducted on a S2-glas fiber reinforced polymer composite comprising S2-glass woven roving in a Cycom 4102 polyester resin matrix. The plate-impact experiments were conducted using an 82.5 mm bore single-stage gas-gun at the Case Western Reserve University. The history of the shock-induced free-surface particle velocity at the rear surface of the target plate was monitored using the multibeam VALYN (TM) VISAR system. The results of the experiments indicate the absence of an elastic front in the shock-induced free-surface particle velocity profile in the GRP. Moreover, in the low impact velocity range, relatively weak late-time oscillations are observed in the particle velocity profiles. Increasing the amplitude of the shock-induced compression resulted in a decrease in the rise-time of the shock wave front. The critical shock stress amplitude at which a clear shock-front is seen to develop during the shock loading was determined to be between 1.5 and 2.0 GPa. The results of the experiments are used to obtain the equation of state of the GRP in the stress range 0.04-20 GPa. Moreover, the Hugoniot curve (Hugoniot stress versus Hugoniot strain) was calculated using the Rankine-Hugoniot relationships; the departure of the Hugoniot stress versus the particle velocity curve from linearity allowed the estimation of the Hugoniot elastic limit of the GRP to be about 1.6 GPa. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. (DOI: 10.1063/1.3124622) C1 [Tsai, Liren; Yuan, Fuping; Prakash, Vikas] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Dandekar, Dattatraya P.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM TD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tsai, L (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM lirentsai@gmail.com; fuping.yuan@case.edu; vikas.prakash@case.edu; ddandek@arl.army.mil FU Case Western Reserve University, TARDEC Armor/Structures Program; Army Research Office [DAAD 19-01-1-0782]; National Science Foundation [MRI CMS: 0079458] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Case Prime Fellowship program at the Case Western Reserve University, TARDEC Armor/Structures Program (Dr. Doug Templeton) and the Army Research Office through ARO Grant No. DAAD 19-01-1-0782 (Dr. David Stepp, program manager) for conducting this research. Also, the authors would like to acknowledge the Major Research Instrumentation Award by the National Science Foundation, MRI CMS: 0079458, for the acquisition of the multibeam VALYN VISAR used in the present experiments. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 105 IS 9 AR 093526 DI 10.1063/1.3124622 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 448LE UT WOS:000266263300052 ER PT J AU Luga, A Lerner, E Shedd, TR van der Schalie, WH AF Luga, Aurel Lerner, Ethan Shedd, Tommy R. van der Schalie, William H. TI Rapid responses of a melanophore cell line to chemical contaminants in water SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Xenopus laevis; melanophore; chromatophore; toxicity; sensor; drinking water ID TOXICITY AB We have evaluated a Xenopus cell line as a potential sensor for detecting toxins in water. X. laevis melanophores responded rapidly by dispersing melanosomes following exposure to six (ammonia, arsenic, copper, mercury, pentachlorophenol and phenol) of 12 tested chemicals in the desired sensitivity range. For two additional chemicals (nicotine and paraquat) the melanophore response improved upon the response capabilities of several available toxicity sensors. These results suggest that a melanophore-based sensor could be useful for the rapid assessment of chemical toxicity in drinking water. Published 2009 by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. C1 [Shedd, Tommy R.; van der Schalie, William H.] USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Luga, Aurel; Lerner, Ethan] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cutaneous Biol Res Ctr, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. RP Shedd, TR (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, 568 Doughten Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Tommy.Shedd@us.army.mil FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command; National Institutes of Health [SU01AI061420] FX We thank Bill Dennis and Alan Rosencrance for analytical chemistry and sample preparation support that was critical to the success of the effort. Elgin Perry provided the statistical analysis. The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this short communication are those of the authors and should not be construed as official Department of the Army position, policy or decision, unless so designated by other official documentation. Citations of commercial organizations or trade names in this paper do not constitute an official Department of the Army endorsement or approval of the products or services of these organizations. This work was supported by the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command and by the National Institutes of Health (grant no. SU01AI061420). NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0260-437X J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 29 IS 4 BP 346 EP 349 DI 10.1002/jat.1416 PG 4 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 451YU UT WOS:000266507600010 ER PT J AU Chen, J Crispin, JC Tedder, TF Lucca, JD Tsokos, GC AF Chen, Jie Crispin, Jose C. Tedder, Thomas F. Lucca, Jurandir Dalle Tsokos, George C. TI B cells contribute to ischemia/reperfusion-mediated tissue injury SO JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE B cell; CXCL13; Inflammation; Ischemia/reperfusion ID REPERFUSION INJURY; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; CD20 IMMUNOTHERAPY; T-CELL; COMPLEMENT; MICE; DEPLETION; ANTIBODY; AUTOIMMUNITY; CXCL13 AB Multiple elements are known to participate in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-mediated tissue injury. Amongst them, B cells have been shown to contribute by the production of antibodies that bind to ischemic cells and fix complement. It is currently unknown whether B cells participate through antibody-independent mechanisms in the pathogenesis of I/R. In a mesenteric I/R model we found that B cells infiltrate the injured intestine of normal and autoimmune mice 2 h after reperfusion is established. B cell depletion protected mice from the development of I/R-mediated intestinal damage. The protection conferred by B cell depletion was significantly greater in MRL/lpr mice. Finally, we show that ischemic tissue expressed the B cell-attractant CXCL13 and infiltrating B cells expressed the corresponding receptor CXCR5. Our data grant B cells an antibody-independent role in the pathogenesis of intestinal I/R and suggest that B cells accumulate in the injured tissue in response to the chemokine CXCL13. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Jie; Crispin, Jose C.; Tsokos, George C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Tedder, Thomas F.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Durham, NC USA. [Lucca, Jurandir Dalle] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Tsokos, GC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol, 330 Brookline Ave,CLS-937, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM gtsokos@bidmc.harvard.edu FU Medical Research and Material Command [W81XWH-07-1-0286, W81XWH-06-1-0486]; NIH [CA105001, A156363] FX This work was supported by Medical Research and Material Command grants W81XWH-07-1-0286, W81XWH-06-1-0486 and by NIH grants CA105001 and A156363. We are grateful to Dr. Tong Shi for help with animal surgery and data analysis. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0896-8411 J9 J AUTOIMMUN JI J. Autoimmun. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 32 IS 3-4 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.jaut.2009.02.021 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 451ZV UT WOS:000266510300007 PM 19342197 ER PT J AU Smith, ER Wang, P Ebersole, BA Zhang, J AF Smith, Ernest R. Wang, Ping Ebersole, Bruce A. Zhang, Jun TI Dependence of Total Longshore Sediment Transport Rates on Incident Wave Parameters and Breaker Type SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Longshore sediment transport; nearshore sediment transport; physical modeling; wave breaking; surf zone processes; sediment transport processes; CERC formula ID SURF-ZONE; FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; SAND TRANSPORT; BEACH; HYDRODYNAMICS; CURRENTS AB Experiments were conducted in the Large-scale Sediment Transport Facility (LSTF) at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center to investigate the importance of wave height, period, and breaker type (spilling and plunging breakers) on total rate of longshore sediment transport (LST) and the cross-shore distribution of LST. Estimates computed by the CERC formula and Kamphius were compared to the accurately measured total LST rates. Several K-values were used with the CERC formula, including the recommended value of 0.39 and calculated values by Kamphuis and Readshaw, Ozhan, Bailard, and Del Valle et al. The recommended K-value and most of the calculated K-values overpredicted the measured total LST rates, but methods that included parameters to indicate breaker type gave good estimates. The Kamphuis and Readshaw equation, in which K is a function of surf similarity parameter, gave consistent estimates with measurements. The Kamphuis equation, which includes wave period and beach slope that in turn influences wave breaking, also compared well with the measurements. Additionally, the CERC formula has been used successfully if K is calibrated, and the formula gave excellent results if K was calibrated with measured data and applied to similar breaker types. The findings indicate that total LST rate is strongly influenced by breaker type. The cross-shore distribution of LST indicated three distinct zones of transport: the incipient breaker zone, the inner surf zone, and the swash zone. Transport in the incipient breaker zone was influenced by breaker type. Transport in the inner surf zone indicated that wave height was the dominating factor and independent of wave period. Swash zone transport, which accounted for a significant percentage of the total transport, showed a dependence on wave height, period, and beach slope. C1 [Smith, Ernest R.; Ebersole, Bruce A.] USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Wang, Ping] Univ S Florida, Dept Geol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Zhang, Jun] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Ocean Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Smith, ER (reprint author), USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM ern.smith@us.army.mil FU Navigation System Research Program; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) FX William Halford, David Daily, and Tim Nisley provided technical support for this study. This research was supported by the Navigation System Research Program, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). Permission to publish this paper was granted by the Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 8 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 675 EP 683 DI 10.2112/07-0919.1 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 447HN UT WOS:000266182300012 ER PT J AU Gomes, C Castell-Perez, ME Chimbombi, E Barros, F Sun, D Liu, J Sue, HJ Sherman, P Dunne, P Wright, AO AF Gomes, Carmen Castell-Perez, M. Elena Chimbombi, Ezekiel Barros, Frederico Sun, Dazhi Liu, Jia (Daniel) Sue, Hung-Jue Sherman, Peter Dunne, Patrick Wright, Alan O. TI Effect of Oxygen-Absorbing Packaging on the Shelf Life of a Liquid-Based Component of Military Operational Rations SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE active packaging; headspace; laminate; oxygen absorber; rancidity ID TECHNOLOGIES; SCAVENGERS AB Oxygen within the sealed package can reduce the quality of liquid-based food products with high oil content such as hot-filled meal-ready-to-eat (MRE) cheese spread, a component of military operational rations. The aim of this study was to test a novel oxygen absorber-containing laminate material and its ability to maintain and/or extend shelf life of a cheese-spread MRE item. An iron-based oxygen absorber (ABSO(2)RB (R)) activated by moisture was incorporated into the laminate and used to pack hot-filled cheese spread MREs. The kinetics of oxygen absorption due to humidity and temperature were characterized and peel tests performed to ensure pouch seal integrity. Accelerated shelf-life tests of ABSO(2)RB and regular MRE pouches without the O(2)-absorber were conducted for 3 mo at 51.7 degrees C (125 degrees F), and 6 mo at 37.8 degrees C (100 degrees F) by measuring oxygen concentration (Mocon O(2)-analyzer), microbiological, and physicochemical quality characteristics, including color, texture, moisture, free fatty acid (FFA), pH, water activity, and vitamins and A. Pouches stored at 26.7 degrees C (80 OF) for 12 mo served as calibrated controls. Consumer tests were conducted in-house and a confirmatory sensory test was conducted at Natick by a trained panel using a 9-point hedonic scale. ABSO(2) RB-laminates maintain the same seal integrity and strength as those of the control samples. The headspace oxygen concentrations in these pouches reached (P < 0.05) < 0.5% in 11 d of storage at 26.7 degrees C (80 IF) and remained below this level throughout the storage period (1 y). No microbial growth (aerobic, coliforms, yeast, and molds) was detected (P < 0.05) for both packages. Overall, the ABSO(2) RB-pouches indicate an improved reduction in oxygen and vitamin C retention compared with MRE controls and maintained product quality (physicochemical and organoleptic). ABSO(2) RB-laminates met the accelerated shelf-life requirement of 1 mo at 51.7 degrees C (125 degrees F), and 6 mo at 37.8 degrees C (100 degrees F). This study clearly shows the benefits of using active packaging technology on retaining nutrition and prolonging shelf life of high-fat, liquid content MRE items. C1 [Gomes, Carmen; Castell-Perez, M. Elena; Chimbombi, Ezekiel] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Barros, Frederico] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sun, Dazhi; Liu, Jia (Daniel); Sue, Hung-Jue] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sherman, Peter; Dunne, Patrick; Wright, Alan O.] USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Castell-Perez, ME (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM ecastell@tamu.edu RI Sun, Dazhi /H-3625-2011; Liu, Jia (Daniel)/C-6418-2014; Sue, HJ/A-4051-2008; Gomes, Carmen/J-5091-2015; Sun, Dazhi/F-5144-2013 OI Liu, Jia (Daniel)/0000-0001-9447-911X; Sue, HJ/0000-0002-3898-4469; Gomes, Carmen/0000-0003-0095-6478; Sun, Dazhi/0000-0001-7553-3141 FU CORANET II (Combat Ration Network for Technology Implementation) [STP2021] FX The authors wish to thank Dr. C. Meyer and Ayal Shahar, Cadillac Products Packaging Co., for manufacturing the pouches and providing technical information regarding the laminate material. The authors also thank Dr. Z. Nikolov, Biological and Agricultural Engineering, and Drs. J. Keeton and R. Miller, Dept. of Animal Science, Texas A&M Univ., for allowing LIS to use their lab facilities and equipment to conduct FIPLC analysis (vitamin A), fat and moisture content and sensory analysis, respectively Thanks are also due to Dr. Susan Woodraid, Biological and Agricultural Engineering, for her assistance with procedures for nutrient analysis. Our deepest gratitude also goes to those who volunteered to carry out the sensory analysis and the students of the Food Engineering laboratory for their help with the experiments. We also thank Mr. Bob Ripp, PortionPac, for production and packaging of the samples. This study was funded by CORANET II (Combat Ration Network for Technology Implementation) as Short Term Project STP2021. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 74 IS 4 BP E167 EP E176 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01120.x PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 443VB UT WOS:000265937800008 PM 19490321 ER PT J AU Stockstill, RL Daly, SF Hopkins, MA AF Stockstill, Richard L. Daly, Steven F. Hopkins, Mark A. TI Modeling Floating Objects at River Structures SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID ICE-CONTROL AB More than half of the commercially navigable waterways in the United States are adversely impacted at some time by ice and debris conditions that hinder operation and delay navigation. This paper describes a method of combining a depth-averaged two-dimensional flow model and a discrete element model customized to simulate floating objects such as ice and debris. The flow model is the shallow-water equation module of the adaptive hydraulics system. The discrete element model (DEM) is based on a method that has been used to simulate river ice and debris accumulations and vessels such as barges. The modeling system provides designers of hydraulic structures, bridges, and ice control structures, a physically based method to evaluate design alternatives in dealing with problems due to the presence of floating objects. Descriptions of the flow model and the DEM are presented, and then numerical applications are provided, demonstrating the modeling of debris passage at the Harlan Diversion Tunnel and the evaluation of navigation conditions attributed to the guard wall at the Greenup Locks and Dam. C1 [Stockstill, Richard L.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Daly, Steven F.] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Hopkins, Mark A.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Stockstill, RL (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM l.stocksill@erdc.usace.army.mil FU U. S. Army Corps of Engineers; U. S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center FX The numerical models described and the results presented were obtained from research conducted under the civil works of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers by the U. S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 18 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 2009 VL 135 IS 5 BP 403 EP 414 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2009)135:5(403) PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 433UX UT WOS:000265232400007 ER PT J AU Jones, C Gailani, J AF Jones, Craig Gailani, Joseph TI Discussion of "Comparison of Two Techniques to Measure Sediment Erodibility in the Fox River, Wisconsin" by T. Ravens SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID EROSION RATES; FLUME C1 [Jones, Craig] Sea Engn Inc, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA. [Gailani, Joseph] USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Jones, C (reprint author), Sea Engn Inc, 200 Washington St,Suite 210, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA. EM cjones@seaengineering.com; Joe.Z.Gailani@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD MAY PY 2009 VL 135 IS 5 BP 432 EP 434 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000002 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 433UX UT WOS:000265232400010 ER PT J AU Kulik, L Fleming, SD Moratz, C Reuter, JW Novikov, A Chen, K Andrews, KA Markaryan, A Quigg, RJ Silverman, GJ Tsokos, GC Holers, VM AF Kulik, Liudmila Fleming, Sherry D. Moratz, Chantal Reuter, Jason W. Novikov, Aleksey Chen, Kuan Andrews, Kathy A. Markaryan, Adam Quigg, Richard J. Silverman, Gregg J. Tsokos, George C. Holers, V. Michael TI Pathogenic Natural Antibodies Recognizing Annexin IV Are Required to Develop Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID B-CELLS; ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PHOSPHATIDYL CHOLINE; BINDING PROTEINS; SELF-ANTIGENS; B-1 CELLS; COMPLEMENT; RECEPTOR AB Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is initiated when natural IgM Abs recognize neo-epitopes that are revealed oil ischemic cells. The target molecules and mechanisms whereby these neo-epitopes become accessible to recognition are not well understood. Proposing that isolated intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) may carry IR-related neo-epitopes, we used in vitro IEC binding assays to screen hybridomas created from B cells of unmanipulated wild-type C57BL/6 mice. We identified a novel IgM mAb (mAb 134) that reacted with the surface of IEC by flow cytometric analysis and was alone capable of causing complement activation, neutrophil recruitment and intestinal injury in otherwise IR-resistant Rag1(-/-) mice. mAb B4 was found to specifically recognize mouse annexin IV. Preinjection of recombinant annexin IV blocked IR injury in wild-type C57BL/6 mice, demonstrating the requirement for recognition of this protein to develop IR injury in the context of a complex natural Ab repertoire. Humans were also found to exhibit IgM natural Abs that recognize annexin IV. These data in toto identify annexin IV as a key ischemia-related target Ag that is recognized by natural Abs in a pathologic process required in vivo to develop intestinal IR injury. The Journal of Immunology, 2009, 182: 5363-5373. C1 [Kulik, Liudmila; Reuter, Jason W.; Novikov, Aleksey; Chen, Kuan; Holers, V. Michael] Univ Colorado, Dept Med, Sch Med, Denver, CO 80045 USA. [Kulik, Liudmila; Reuter, Jason W.; Novikov, Aleksey; Chen, Kuan; Holers, V. Michael] Univ Colorado, Dept Immunol, Sch Med, Denver, CO 80045 USA. [Fleming, Sherry D.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Moratz, Chantal; Tsokos, George C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Moratz, Chantal] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Andrews, Kathy A.; Silverman, Gregg J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Rheumat Dis Core Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Markaryan, Adam; Quigg, Richard J.] Univ Chicago, Nephrol Sect, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Tsokos, George C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Holers, VM (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Med, Sch Med, Mail Stop B115,POB 6511, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM michael.holers@ucdenver.edu FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC) [W81XWH-06-1-0520, W81XWH-07-1-0286]; Alliance for Lupus Research; National Institutes of Health [R01 A131105, A161691, A146637, DK41873, DK55357] FX This work was funded by U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC) Award W81XWH-06-1-0520 and MRMC Award W81XWH-07-1-0286: the Alliance for Lupus Research; and National Institutes of Health Grants R01 A131105, A161691, A146637, DK41873, and DK55357. NR 79 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 182 IS 9 BP 5363 EP 5373 DI 10.4049/jimmunol.0803980 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 563HQ UT WOS:000275119200030 PM 19380783 ER PT J AU Coleman, RE Hochberg, LP Swanson, KI Lee, JS McAvin, JC Moulton, JK Eddington, DO Groebner, JL O'Guinn, ML Putnam, JL AF Coleman, Russell E. Hochberg, Lisa P. Swanson, Katherine I. Lee, John S. McAvin, James C. Moulton, John K. Eddington, David O. Groebner, Jennifer L. O'Guinn, Monica L. Putnam, John L. TI Impact of Phlebotomine Sand Flies on US Military Operations at Tallil Air Base, Iraq: 4. Detection and Identification of Leishmania Parasites in Sand Flies SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sand flies; Leishmania; Iraq; detection; polymerase chain reaction ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; NORTH-AMERICAN ISOLATE; ENDEMIC AREA; CANINE LEISHMANIASIS; TARENTOLAE WENYON; UNITED-STATES; KALA-AZAR; INFANTUM; TRANSMISSION; TROPICA AB Sand flies collected between April 2003 and November 2004 at Tallil Air Base. Iraq, were evaluated for the presence of Leishmania parasites using a combination of a real-time Leishmania-generic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and sequencing of a 360-bp fragment of the glucose-6-phosphate-isomerase (GPI) gene. A total of 2,505 pools containing:26,574 sand flies were tested using the real-time PCR assay. Leishmania DNA was initially detected in 536 pools; however, after extensive retesting with the real-time PCR assay, a total of 456 pools were considered positive and 80 were considered indeterminate. A total of 532 samples were evaluated for Leishmania GPI by sequencing, to include 439 PCR-positive, samples, 80 PCR-indeterminate samples. and 13 PCR-negative samples. Leishmania GPI was detected in 284 samples that were sequenced, to include 281 (64%) of the PCR-positive samples and 3 (4%) of the PCR-indeterminate samples. Of the 284 sequences identified as Leismania 261 (91.9%) were L. tarentolae, 1.8 (6.3%) were L. donovani-complex parasites, 3 (1.1%) were L. tropica, and 2 were similar to both L major and L. tropica. Minimum field infection rates were 0.09% for L. donovani-complex parasites, 0.02% for L. tropica, and 0.01% for the L. major/tropica-like parasite. Subsequent sequencing of a 600-bp region of the "Hyper" gene of 122 of the L. donovani-complex parasites showed that all 12 parasites were L. infantum. These data suggest that L. infantum was the primary leishmanial threat to U.S. military personnel deployed to Tallil Air Base. The implications of these findings are discussed. C1 [Coleman, Russell E.] USAMMDA, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Lee, John S.; Groebner, Jennifer L.; O'Guinn, Monica L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Hochberg, Lisa P.; Swanson, Katherine I.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Moulton, John K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [McAvin, James C.; Eddington, David O.; Putnam, John L.] USAF, Air Expeditionary Grp 407, Tallil Air Base, Iraq. RP Coleman, RE (reprint author), USAMMDA, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM russell.coleman@us.army.mil OI Groebner, Jennifer/0000-0003-1503-5030 FU Military Infectious Disease Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command; Deployed Warfighter Protection Program of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX Founding to support this Project was provided by the Military Infectious Disease Research Program of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command and by the Deployed Warfighter Protection Program of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. We thank M. Moodie. C. West-brook, and L and W. Gilmore for superb laboratory support. Our thanks also go to the military personnel assigned to Tallil NR 60 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 46 IS 3 BP 649 EP 663 DI 10.1603/033.046.0333 PG 15 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 441XM UT WOS:000265803800033 PM 19496439 ER PT J AU Foley, DH Klein, TA Kim, HC Sames, WJ Wilkerson, RC Rueda, LM AF Foley, Desmond H. Klein, Terry A. Kim, Heung Chul Sames, William J. Wilkerson, Richard C. Rueda, Leopoldo M. TI Geographic Distribution and Ecology of Potential Malaria Vectors in the Republic of Korea SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ecological niche modeling; distribution; malaria; ecology; Korea ID PREDICTING SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; RECORDS; MODELS; TRANSFERABILITY; HABITATS; MAXENT AB Environmental geospatial data and adult and larval mosquito collection data for up to 106 sites throughout the Republic of Korea (ROK) were used to develop ecological niche models (ENMs) of the potential geographic distribution for eight anopheline species known to occur there. The areas predicted suitable for the Hyrcanus Group species were the most extensive for Anopheles Sinensis Wiedemann, An. kleini Rueda, An. belenrae Rueda, and An. pullus Yamada, intermediate for An. sineroides Yamada, and the most restricted for An. lesteri Baisas and Hu and the non-Hyrcanus Group species An. koreicus Yamada and Watanabe and An. lindesayi Yamada. The relative vectorial importance of these species is unknown, and all, except Art. koreicus and Art. lindesayi, are predicted to occur widely in the northwest of the ROK where malaria transmission has been sporadic since its resurgence in 1993. Our ENMs Suggest that it is unlikely that An. koreicus and An. lindesayi are vectors, but we do not document consistent geographic differentiation that might incriminate any of the other species as vectors. Because all species are predicted to occur in North Korea, we also cannot reject the hypothesis that malaria infected mosquitoes from North Korea may have been the cause of the resurgence of malaria in the ROK. Ecological differentiation of the eight species is inferred front collection locations and 34 environmental layers based on remote sensing and global climatic averages. Interspecific differences were noted, and characterizing mosquito habitats by ground-based and remote sensing methods is proposed. C1 [Foley, Desmond H.; Wilkerson, Richard C.; Rueda, Leopoldo M.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Klein, Terry A.] Force Hlth Protect, Unit 15281, APO, AP 96205 USA. [Kim, Heung Chul] USA, Unit 15247, APO, AP 96205 USA. [Sames, William J.] 18th Med Command, Unit 15281, Force Hlth Protect, APO, AP 96205 USA. RP Foley, DH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM foleydes@si.edu RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Foley, Desmond/0000-0001-7525-4601 FU U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, Silver Spring, MD [G00018_08_WR] FX We thank J,-P Chretien for advice and support and A. T. Peterson mid M. Papes for advice on ENM. Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, Silver Spring, MD (Project G00018_08_WR). NR 44 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 46 IS 3 BP 680 EP 692 DI 10.1603/033.046.0336 PG 13 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 441XM UT WOS:000265803800036 PM 19496442 ER PT J AU Kennedy, HP Farrell, T Paden, R Hill, S Jolivet, R Willetts, J Rising, SS AF Kennedy, Holly Powell Farrell, Trisha Paden, Regina Hill, Shannon Jolivet, Rima Willetts, Jacqueline Rising, Sharon Schindler TI "I Wasn't Alone"-A Study of Group Prenatal Care in the Military SO JOURNAL OF MIDWIFERY & WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article DE CenteringPregnancy; group health care; military pregnancy; prenatal care; qualitative research ID WOMENS SATISFACTION; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; MIDWIFERY CARE; ANTENATAL CARE; UNITED-STATES; CENTERINGPREGNANCY; PERCEPTIONS; MODEL; EXPERIENCES; READINESS AB The military has recognized that health and quality of life for service members are closely tied to the resources for their families, including how they are cared for during pregnancy and childbirth. However, there has been little examination of women's experience with different models of prenatal care (PNC) in military settings. The purpose of this article is to describe the results of a qualitative study of women's experiences with the CenteringPregnancy model of group PNC compared to individual PNC in two military health care settings. This clinical trial enrolled 322 women who were randomized into group or individual PNC at two military treatment facilities. Qualitative interviews were completed with 234 women during the postpartum period. Interpretative narrative and thematic analysis was used to identify three themes: 1) "I wasn't alone"-the experience with group PNC; 2) "I liked it but..."-recommendations to improve group PNC; and 3) "They really need to listen"-general concerns across the sample about PNC. Greatest concerns of women in individual PNC included lack of continuity and time with the provider. Our military families must be assured that their health care system meets their needs through personal and family-centered care. Group PNC offers the potential for continuity of provider while also offering community with other women. In the process, women gain knowledge and power as a health care consumer. J Midwifery Womens Health 2009;54:176-183 (C) 2009 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. C1 [Kennedy, Holly Powell] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94920 USA. [Farrell, Trisha] Naval Hosp Bremerton, Bremerton, WA USA. [Paden, Regina] Keesler AFB, Biloxi, MS USA. [Hill, Shannon] Seymour Johnson AFB, Goldsboro, SC USA. [Jolivet, Rima] Childbirth Connect, New York, NY USA. [Jolivet, Rima] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Willetts, Jacqueline] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Willetts, Jacqueline] Calif State Univ, San Francisco, CA USA. [Rising, Sharon Schindler] Centering Healthcare Inst, Cheshire, CT USA. RP Kennedy, HP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, 2 Koret Way,Box 0606, San Francisco, CA 94920 USA. EM holly.kennedy@nursing.ucsf.edu FU TriService Nursing Research Program [MDA905-04-1-TS01N04-026] FX Supported by the TriService Nursing Research Program (MDA905-04-1-TS01N04-026). We would like to acknowledge the assistance of Laurel Haeusslein, Janet Presley, Tonya Long, Ifey Asiodu, Janelle Palacios, and Amy Law and Dr. J. R. Ickovics for her consultation on the study. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, the Department of Defense, or the United States Government. NR 45 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1526-9523 J9 J MIDWIFERY WOM HEAL JI J. Midwifery Women Health PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 BP 176 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.jmwh.2008.11.004 PG 8 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 447HL UT WOS:000266182100003 PM 19410209 ER PT J AU Bruno, JG Carrillo, MR Cadieux, CL Lenz, DE Cerasoli, DM Phillips, T AF Bruno, John G. Carrillo, Maria R. Cadieux, C. Linn Lenz, David E. Cerasoli, Douglas M. Phillips, Taylor TI DNA Aptamers Developed Against a Soman Derivative Cross-react with the Methylphosphonic Acid Core but Not with Flanking Hydrophobic Groups SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR RECOGNITION LA English DT Article DE aptamers; cross-reactivity; GD; nerve agent; organophosphorus; scavenger; SELEX; soman ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SPECIFICITY; HYDROLYSIS; PROTECTION; SELECTION; TOXICITY; HAPTEN AB Twelve rounds of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) were conducted against a magnetic bead conjugate of the para-aminophenylpinacolylmethylphosphonate (PAPMP) derivative of the organophosphorus (OP) nerve agent soman (GD). The goal was to develop DNA aptamers that could scavenge GD in vivo, thereby reducing or eliminating the toxic effects of this dangerous compound. Aptamers were sequenced and screened in peroxidase-based colorimetric plate assays after rounds 8 and 12 of SELEX. The aptamer candidate sequences exhibiting the highest affinity for the GD derivative from round 8 also reappeared in several clones from round 12. Each of the highest affinity PAPMP-binding aptamers also bound methylphosphonic acid (MPA). In addition, the aptamer with the highest overall affinity for PAPMP carried a sequence motif (TTTAGT) thought to bind MPA based on previously published data (J. Fluoresc 18:867-876,2008). This sequence motif was found in several other relatively high affinity PAPMP aptamer candidates as well. In studies with the nerve agent GD, pre-incubation of a large molar excess of aptamer candidates failed to protect human butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) from inhibition. With the aid of three-dimensional molecular modeling of the GD derivative it appears that a hydrophilic cleft sandwiched between the pinacolyl group and the p-aminophenyl ring might channel nucleotide interactions to the phosphonate portion of the immobilized GD derivative. However, bona fide GD free in solution may be repulsed by the negative phosphate backbone of aptamers and rotate its phosphonate and fluorine moieties away from the aptamer to avoid being bound. Future attempts to develop aptamers to GD might benefit from immobilizing the pinacolyl group of bona fide GD to enhance exposure of the phosphonate and fluorine to the random DNA library. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Bruno, John G.; Carrillo, Maria R.; Phillips, Taylor] Operat Technol Corp, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Cadieux, C. Linn; Lenz, David E.; Cerasoli, Douglas M.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bruno, JG (reprint author), Operat Technol Corp, 4100 NW Loop 410,Suite 230, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM john.bruno@otcorp.com FU U.S. Army [W911SR-06C-0059] FX This work was funded by U.S. Army contract no. W911SR-06C-0059. Christena L. Cadieux was supported by an appointment to the Internship/Research Participation Program for the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the USAMRICD. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 15 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0952-3499 J9 J MOL RECOGNIT JI J. Mol. Recognit. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 197 EP 204 DI 10.1002/jmr.932 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 434VX UT WOS:000265303300003 PM 19051203 ER PT J AU Tervonen, T Linkov, I Figueira, JR Steevens, J Chappell, M Merad, M AF Tervonen, Tommi Linkov, Igor Figueira, Jose Rui Steevens, Jeffery Chappell, Mark Merad, Myriam TI Risk-based classification system of nanomaterials SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nanotechnology; Risk assessment; Toxicology; Decision analysis; Governance ID MULTICRITERIA DECISION-ANALYSIS; QUANTUM DOTS; RESEARCH STRATEGIES; HEALTH IMPLICATIONS; SAFETY EVALUATION; NANOPARTICLES; CYTOTOXICITY; AGGREGATION; ENVIRONMENT; MANAGEMENT AB Various stakeholders are increasingly interested in the potential toxicity and other risks associated with nanomaterials throughout the different stages of a product's life cycle (e.g., development, production, use, disposal). Risk assessment methods and tools developed and applied to chemical and biological materials may not be readily adaptable for nanomaterials because of the current uncertainty in identifying the relevant physico-chemical and biological properties that adequately describe the materials. Such uncertainty is further driven by the substantial variations in the properties of the original material due to variable manufacturing processes employed in nanomaterial production. To guide scientists and engineers in nanomaterial research and application as well as to promote the safe handling and use of these materials, we propose a decision support system for classifying nanomaterials into different risk categories. The classification system is based on a set of performance metrics that measure both the toxicity and physico-chemical characteristics of the original materials, as well as the expected environmental impacts through the product life cycle. Stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA-TRI), a formal decision analysis method, was used as the foundation for this task. This method allowed us to cluster various nanomaterials in different ecological risk categories based on our current knowledge of nanomaterial physico-chemical characteristics, variation in produced material, and best professional judgments. SMAA-TRI uses Monte Carlo simulations to explore all feasible values for weights, criteria measurements, and other model parameters to assess the robustness of nanomaterial grouping for risk management purposes. C1 [Linkov, Igor] USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. [Tervonen, Tommi] Univ Groningen, Fac Econ & Business, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Figueira, Jose Rui] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Ctr Management Studies, Inst Super Tecn, CEG IST, P-2780990 Porto Salvo, Portugal. [Figueira, Jose Rui] Univ Paris, LAMSADE, F-75252 Paris, France. [Steevens, Jeffery; Chappell, Mark] USA, Ctr Res & Dev, CEERD EP R, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Merad, Myriam] Accidental Risks Div, Soc Management Risks Unit, F-60550 Verneuil En Halatte, France. RP Linkov, I (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res & Dev, 83 Winchester St,Suite 1, Brookline, MA 02446 USA. EM t.p.tervonen@rug.nl; igor.linkov@usace.army.mil; figueira@ist.utl.pt; jeffery.a.steevens@usace.army.mil; mark.a.chappell@usace.army.mil; myriam.merad@ineris.fr RI RAYANE, Van-hung/B-5682-2009; Figueira, Jose Rui/J-3194-2012 OI Figueira, Jose Rui/0000-0001-9822-1167 FU Environmental Quality Technology Program of the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center FX Comments provided by F. Kyle Satterstrom, Jacob Stanley, and David Johnson were very helpful in the preparation of this manuscript. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. The studies described and the resulting data presented herein were obtained from research supported by the Environmental Quality Technology Program of the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (Dr. John Cullinane, Technical Director). The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the individual authors and not those of the US Army or other sponsor organizations. NR 46 TC 81 Z9 86 U1 3 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 11 IS 4 BP 757 EP 766 DI 10.1007/s11051-008-9546-1 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 428HH UT WOS:000264838100001 ER PT J AU Lukish, JR AF Lukish, Jeff R. TI Video-assisted thoracoscopic ligation of a patent ductus arteriosus in a very low-birth-weight infant using a novel retractor SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Patent ductus arteriosus; Thoracoscopy; Neonate; Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; Surgical ligation ID CHILDREN; DISEASE AB Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation is a potentially lifesaving procedure that is frequently performed in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) PDA ligation has many advantages: however, this approach has not been widely used in these extremely small patients. We present a technique using a novel retractor that allows safe VATS PDA ligation in the VLBW neonate. A 740-g male infant with necrotizing enterocolitis underwent general anesthesia. After placement in the right lateral decubitus position, he underwent a left VATS PDA ligation using a new 3-mm fan retractor for lung retraction and exposure. A thoracostomy tube was not used. He recovered uneventfully and is well at 6-month follow-up. The technique is minimally invasive and provides superior visualization of the PDA and surrounding anatomical landmarks. Using this novel retractor. VATS PDA ligation is practical in even the smallest infants. This retractor may facilitate the performance of more advanced thoracoscopic procedures in VLBW infants. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lukish, Jeff R.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Lukish, Jeff R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Pediat Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Lukish, Jeff R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Lukish, Jeff R.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Lukish, JR (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM jeffrey.lukish@med.navy.mil NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1047 EP 1050 DI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.002 PG 4 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA 454GH UT WOS:000266669900037 PM 19433197 ER PT J AU Macauley, P Spanggord, R Chrisman, W Lim, P Ellis, W AF Macauley, Patrick Spanggord, Ronald Chrisman, William Lim, Peter Ellis, William TI Chromatographic separation and NMR characterization of the isomers of MMB-4, a bis-(pyridiniumaldoxime) SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Aldoxime antidotes; NMR characterization; HPLC separation and isolation; Geometric isomers; Equilibration of pure isomers ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OXIMES; SYN AB 1,1'-Methylenebis(4-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]pyridinium) dichloride (MMB-4), a promising antidote for organophosphate poisoning, has been shown by chromatography and NMR to be a mixture of geometric isomers, predominantly the E/E form. The chromatographically separated isomers have been isolated, directly characterized by NMR to be E/E and E/Z isomers of high purity, and shown by HPLC and NMR to re-equilibrate in solution to the isomeric mixture found in bulk MMB-4. These findings clearly show that a minor component in MMB-4 is not an impurity, but a geometric isomer of the principal component and demonstrate the need to understand equilibrium processes for drug characterizations and isomer distributions of chemicals proposed for animal and human clinical trials. Evidence for the presence of the Z/Z isomer could not be found. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Macauley, Patrick; Spanggord, Ronald; Chrisman, William; Lim, Peter] SRI Int, Div Phys Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ellis, William] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Spanggord, R (reprint author), SRI Int, Div Phys Sci, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM ronald.spanggord@sri.com NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0731-7085 J9 J PHARMACEUT BIOMED JI J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 4 BP 889 EP 894 DI 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.01.015 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 431FH UT WOS:000265046200003 PM 19217737 ER PT J AU Chen, JP Johnson, B Hathaway, MD Webster, RS AF Chen, Jen-Ping Johnson, Benjamin Hathaway, Michael D. Webster, Robert S. TI Flow Characteristics of Tip Injection on Compressor Rotating Spike via Time-Accurate Simulation SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SPEED STAGE; TRANSONIC COMPRESSOR; AXIAL COMPRESSOR; STALL INCEPTION; INLET DISTORTION; ROTOR; PERFORMANCE AB The performance of gas turbine engines is often limited by compressor stall. Steady tip-injection stall control technologies have demonstrated their effectiveness to increase the stable operating range of gas turbine engine compressors. To help understand the fluid mechanic processes of stall with and without stall control and how stall is mitigated by stall control technology, the establishment of a capability to simulate the flow details leading to stall would be extremely helpful. This paper presents results of the simulations of a high-speed single-stage axial compressor. These simulations show the evolution of rotating spikes and range extension as a result of tip injection. The simulations are time-accurate simulations of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations encompassing the full-annulus grid and are executed using high-performance parallel computing. Computed compressor characteristics are compared to experimental data. The general How features of the compressor with and without tip injection at the onset of stall are presented using time-accurate pressure traces and visualized using a novel disturbance cell concept. C1 [Chen, Jen-Ping; Johnson, Benjamin] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43021 USA. [Hathaway, Michael D.] USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Webster, Robert S.] Univ Tennessee, SimCtr, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA. RP Chen, JP (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, 319B Bolz Hall,2036 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43021 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Office; Advanced Virtual Engine Test Cell, Inc FX This research was supported by the U.S. Army Research Office and The Advanced Virtual Engine Test Cell, Inc. We would like to thank the DoD Major Shared Resource Center, the Ohio Supercomputer Center, and the IBM Rochester Center for their generous allotment of computing time. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 678 EP 687 DI 10.2514/1.41428 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 452AX UT WOS:000266513100014 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Swedler, DI Grier, TL Hauret, KG Bullock, SH Williams, KW Darakjy, SS Lester, ME Tobler, SK Jones, BH AF Knapik, Joseph J. Swedler, David I. Grier, Tyson L. Hauret, Keith G. Bullock, Steven H. Williams, Kelly W. Darakjy, Salima S. Lester, Mark E. Tobler, Steven K. Jones, Bruce H. TI INJURY REDUCTION EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTING RUNNING SHOES BASED ON PLANTAR SHAPE SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE age; physical activity; physical fitness; smoking ID RISK-FACTORS; LOWER-EXTREMITY; PHYSICAL-FITNESS; STRESS-FRACTURES; HEEL-STRIKE; YOUNG MEN; PREVENTION; RECRUITS; WOMEN; FOOTWEAR AB Knapik, JJ, Swedler, DI, Grier, TL, Hauret, KG, Bullock, SH, Williams, KW, Darakjy, SS, Lester, ME, Tobler, SK, and Jones, BH. Injury reduction effectiveness of selecting running shoes based on plantar shape. J Strength Cond Res 23(3): 685-697, 2009-Popular running magazines and running shoe companies suggest that imprints of the bottom of the feet (plantar shape) can be used as an indication of the height of the medial longitudinal foot arch and that this can be used to select individually appropriate types of running shoes. This study examined whether or not this selection technique influenced injury risk during United States Army Basic Combat Training (BCT). After foot examinations, BCT recruits in an experimental group (E: n = 1,079 men and 451 women) selected motion control, stability, or cushioned shoes for plantar shapes judged to represent low, medium, or high foot arches, respectively. A control group (C: n = 1,068 men and 464 women) received a stability shoe regardless of plantar shape. Injuries during BCT were determined from outpatient medical records. Other previously known injury risk factors (e. g., age, fitness, and smoking) were obtained from a questionnaire and existing databases. Multivariate Cox regression controlling for other injury risk factors showed little difference in injury risk between the E and C groups among men (risk ratio (E/C) = 1.01; 95% confidence interval = 0.88-1.16; p = 0.87) or women (risk ratio (E/C) = 1.07; 95% confidence interval = 0.91-1.25; p = 0.44). In practical application, this prospective study demonstrated that selecting shoes based on plantar shape had little influence on injury risk in BCT. Thus, if the goal is injury prevention, this selection technique is not necessary in BCT. C1 [Knapik, Joseph J.; Swedler, David I.; Grier, Tyson L.; Hauret, Keith G.; Bullock, Steven H.; Darakjy, Salima S.; Jones, Bruce H.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Williams, Kelly W.] Res & Anal Cell, Ft Jackson, SC USA. [Lester, Mark E.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Tobler, Steven K.] Armed Forces Hlth Surveillance Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM joseph.knapik@us.army.mil NR 44 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 23 IS 3 BP 685 EP 697 DI 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a0fc63 PG 13 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 514NF UT WOS:000271400900001 PM 19387413 ER PT J AU Henry, LR Stojadinovic, A Swain, SM Prindiville, S Cordes, R Soballe, PW AF Henry, Leonard R. Stojadinovic, Alexander Swain, Sandra M. Prindiville, Sheila Cordes, Rose Soballe, Peter W. TI The Influence of a Gene Expression Profile on Breast Cancer Decisions SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; recurrence score; adjuvant therapy ID RT-PCR ASSAY; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS; THERAPY; WOMEN; COST AB Purpose: The Oncotype Dx (R) Recurrence Score (RS), is often employed in patients with estrogen receptor-positive, node negative (ER+LN-) breast cancer. We investigated the impact of the RS on actual chemotherapy administration and the effect of the assay on a panel of breast oncology experts. Patients and Methods: The prospective adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations (prior to RS) and actual adjuvant therapy (after RS) for consecutive patients with ER+LN- breast cancer were recorded. After 6 months and with the same information, a panel of five experts made adjuvant therapy recommendations with and without RS and rated the strength of their recommendations. Rates of panel consensus, recommendation changes, and changes in recommendation strength were compared. Results: There were 29 patients (28 women). RS results altered the plan for chemotherapy in 9 patients (31%): 7 of 13 patients (54%) initially recommended for chemotherapy did not receive it, and 2 of 16 (13%) received chemotherapy following initial recommendations against it. RS results changed the panel's chemotherapy recommendation in 7 patients (24%): 5 of 12( 42%) recommendations for changed to against, and 2 of 17 (12%) recommendations against changed to for chemotherapy. RS increased consensus by the panel 10%, but did not increase the reported strength in chemotherapy recommendations. Conclusions: RS results were associated with real-world decision changes in 31% of patients and 24% of panel recommendations and increased panel consensus by 10%. However RS did not increase the strength of penelist's recommendations. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009:99: 319-323. Published 2009 Wiley-liss, Inc. C1 [Henry, Leonard R.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Bethesda, MD USA. [Stojadinovic, Alexander] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Swain, Sandra M.] Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Prindiville, Sheila] NCI, Dept Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Cordes, Rose] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Natl Capital Area Breast Care Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Henry, Leonard R.; Stojadinovic, Alexander; Soballe, Peter W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Henry, LR (reprint author), 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM leonard.henry@med.navy.mil OI Swain, Sandra/0000-0002-1320-3830 NR 18 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0022-4790 J9 J SURG ONCOL JI J. Surg. Oncol. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 99 IS 6 BP 319 EP 323 DI 10.1002/jso.21244 PG 5 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 438HE UT WOS:000265545700001 PM 19204954 ER PT J AU Murphy, WJ Byrne, DC Gauger, D Ahroon, WA Berger, E Gerges, SNY McKinley, R Witt, B Krieg, EF AF Murphy, William J. Byrne, David C. Gauger, Dan Ahroon, William A. Berger, Elliott Gerges, Samir N. Y. McKinley, Richard Witt, Brad Krieg, Edward F. TI Results of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-US Environmental Protection Agency Interlaboratory Comparison of American National Standards Institute S12.6-1997 Methods A and B SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID LABORATORY PROTOCOL; FIELD ATTENUATION; DEVICES AB The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the Environmental Protection Agency sponsored the completion of an interlaboratory study to compare two fitting protocols specified by ANSI S12.6-1997 (R2002) [(2002). American National Standard Methods for the Measuring Real-Ear Attenuation of Hearing Protectors, American National Standards Institute, New York]. Six hearing protection devices (two earmuffs, foam, premolded, custom-molded earplugs, and canal-caps) were tested in six laboratories using the experimenter-supervised, Method A, and (naive) subject-fit, Method B, protocols with 24 subjects per laboratory. Within-subject, between-subject, and between-laboratory standard deviations were determined for individual frequencies and A-weighted attenuations. The differences for the within-subject standard deviations were not statistically significant between Methods A and B. Using between-subject standard deviations from Method A, 3-12 subjects would be required to identify 6-dB differences between attenuation distributions. Whereas using between-subject standard deviations from Method B, 5-19 subjects would be required to identify 6-dB differences in attenuation distributions of a product tested within the same laboratory. However, the between-laboratory standard deviations for Method B were -0.1 to 3.0 dB less than the Method A results. These differences resulted in considerably more subjects being required to identify statistically significant differences between laboratories for Method A (12-132 subjects) than for Method B (9-28 subjects). (c) 2009 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3095803] C1 [Murphy, William J.; Byrne, David C.] NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Gauger, Dan] Bose Corp, Framingham, MA 01701 USA. [Ahroon, William A.] USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Berger, Elliott] Aearo Technol, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Gerges, Samir N. Y.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Engn Mecan, Lab Vibracoes & Acust, LARI, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Gerges, Samir N. Y.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Engn Mecan, Lab Vibracoes & Acust, LAEPI, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [McKinley, Richard] AFRL HECB, Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Witt, Brad] Howard Leight Ind, San Diego, CA 92154 USA. [Krieg, Edward F.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Murphy, WJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM wmurphy@cdc.gov FU U. S. EPA interagency [75921973-01-0] FX Portions of this work were supported by the U. S. EPA interagency Agreement No. 75921973-01-0. Each participating laboratory funded the subject payments from their respective internal budgets. Each laboratory had employees without whose assistance and dedication this study would not have been able to be completed: Paul Schley, AFRL; Ron Keiper, E . A . RCAL; Jesse Duran, Howard Leight; Racheal de Favacorte, LARI; Pamela Graydon, Dayna Richards and Benson Davis, NIOSH; Adrian Houtsma, Melinda Hill and Kimberly Vasquez, USAARL. NIOSH also wishes to note the contributions of Christa Themann and Edward Zechmann for their thorough review of the manuscript. As well, the authors wish to thank Lee Hager, Torben Poulsen, and Rickie Davis for their thoughtful comments during the NIOSH peer-review process. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 125 IS 5 BP 3262 EP 3277 DI 10.1121/1.3095803 PG 16 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 443BH UT WOS:000265884700051 PM 19425669 ER PT J AU Bernstein, JGW Grant, KW AF Bernstein, Joshua G. W. Grant, Ken W. TI Auditory and auditory-visual intelligibility of speech in fluctuating maskers for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID TEMPORAL FINE-STRUCTURE; MASKING RELEASE; INFORMATIONAL MASKING; RECEPTION THRESHOLD; INTERFERING SPEECH; SPATIAL SEPARATION; HARMONIC COMPLEXES; INTERRUPTED NOISE; ENERGETIC MASKING; COCHLEAR-IMPLANT AB Speech intelligibility for audio-alone and audiovisual (AV) sentences was estimated as a function of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a female target talker presented in a stationary noise, an interfering male talker, or a speech-modulated noise background, for eight hearing-impaired (HI) and five normal-hearing (NH) listeners. At the 50% keywords-correct performance level, HI listeners showed 7-12 dB less fluctuating-masker benefit (FMB) than NH listeners, consistent with previous results. Both groups showed significantly more FMB under AV than audio-alone conditions. When compared at the same stationary-noise SNR, FMB differences between listener groups and modalities were substantially smaller, suggesting that most of the FMB differences at the 50% performance level may reflect a SNR dependence of the FMB. Still, 1-5 dB of the FMB difference between listener groups remained, indicating a possible role for reduced audibility, limited spectral or temporal resolution, or an inability to use auditory source-segregation cues, in directly limiting the ability to listen in the dips of a fluctuating masker. A modified version of the extended speech-intelligibility index that predicts a larger FMB at less favorable SNRs accounted for most of the FMB differences between listener groups and modalities. Overall, these data suggest that HI listeners retain more of an ability to listen in the dips of a fluctuating masker than previously thought. Instead, the fluctuating-masker difficulties exhibited by HI listeners may derive from the reduced FMB associated with the more favorable SNRs they require to identify a reasonable proportion of the target speech. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3110132] C1 [Bernstein, Joshua G. W.; Grant, Ken W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Bernstein, JGW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM joshua.bernstein@amedd.army.mil FU Oticon Foundation FX This work was supported by a grant from the Oticon Foundation. We thank Van Summers, Chris Darwin, an anonymous reviewer, and the Associate Editor, Brian Moore, for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript, and Koen Rhebergen for providing the ESII code. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of Army, Department of Defense, or U. S. government. NR 64 TC 99 Z9 101 U1 2 U2 18 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 125 IS 5 BP 3358 EP 3372 DI 10.1121/1.3110132 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 443BH UT WOS:000265884700058 PM 19425676 ER PT J AU Rubal, BJ Leon, A Meyers, BL Bell, CM AF Rubal, Bernard J. Leon, Alisa Meyers, Belinda L. Bell, Christopher M. TI The 'Mill-Wheel' Murmur and Computed Tomography of Intracardiac Air Emboli SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GAS EMBOLISM; CT AB The 'water-wheel' or 'mill-wheel' murmur is classically associated with large intracardiac air emboli and described as a "characteristic splashing auscultatory sound due to the presence of gas in the cardiac chambers." We used 64-slice computed tomography (slice thickness, 0.5 mm; revolution time, 400 msec) and 3D fly-through software imagery to capture previously unreported intracardiac air-blood interface dynamics associated with this murmur and ineffective right ventricular contraction in a porcine model. C1 [Rubal, Bernard J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Leon, Alisa; Meyers, Belinda L.; Bell, Christopher M.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Vet Support Div, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rubal, BJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Bernie.Rubal@amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 48 IS 3 BP 300 EP 302 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 450HV UT WOS:000266392500010 PM 19476721 ER PT J AU Markell, KW Renz, EM White, CE Albrecht, ME Blackbourne, LH Park, MS Barillo, DA Chung, KK Kozar, RA Minei, JP Cohn, SM Herndon, DN Cancio, LC Holcomb, JB Wolf, SE AF Markell, Katharine W. Renz, Evan M. White, Christopher E. Albrecht, Michael E. Blackbourne, Lorne H. Park, Myung S. Barillo, David A. Chung, Kevin K. Kozar, Rosemary A. Minei, Joseph P. Cohn, Stephen M. Herndon, David N. Cancio, Leopoldo C. Holcomb, John B. Wolf, Steven E. TI Abdominal Complications after Severe Burns SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 120th Annual Meeting of the Southern-Surgical-Association CY DEC, 2008 CL Palm Beach, FL SP SE Surg Assoc ID COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; MILITARY CASUALTIES; IMPROVES SURVIVAL; INJURY AB BACKGROUND: Abdominal catastrophe in the severely burned patient without abdominal injury has been described. We perceived an alarming recent incidence of this complication in our burn center, both during acute resuscitation and later in the hospital course. We sought to define incidence, outcomes, and associated factors, such as excessive resuscitation volume and treatment issues. STUDY DESIGN: We examined all severely burned military and civilian patients with abdominal pathology between March 2003 and February 2008. Data included age, gender, total body, surface area burn, inhalation injury Injury Severity Score, disposition, resuscitation volume, time from injury to diagnosis, use of recombinant factor VIIa, vasopressors, and early tube feedings. We assembled a Delphi panel of surgeons experienced in abdominal catastrophes to review these data. RESULTS: Among 1,825 patients admitted to the US Army Institute of Surgical Research Burn Center, 120 (6.6%) were diagnosed with abdominal pathology (burn size 48% +/- 19%), of which 51 (2.8%) had abdominal catastrophe. The majority of these Occurred in the first days after injury with associated abdominal compartment syndrome (32 of 51) and increased linearly to burn size. We noted another group of patients who presented primarily with ischemic bowel later in the course, with the same clinical presentation. Resuscitation volume was 6.02 mL/kg/percent total body surface area burned. Vasopressors were used in 71% of patients and tube feedings in 57% before diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal catastrophe without abdominal trauma occurs in 2.8% of our population. Associated mortality was 78% without obvious cause. Delphi panel experts recommended more aggressive monitoring of abdominal compartment pressures and earlier operative management to improve outcomes. (J Am Coll Surg 2009;208:940-949. (C) 2009 by the American College of Surgeons) C1 [Blackbourne, Lorne H.; Cohn, Stephen M.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Wolf, Steven E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Markell, Katharine W.; Renz, Evan M.; White, Christopher E.; Albrecht, Michael E.; Blackbourne, Lorne H.; Park, Myung S.; Barillo, David A.; Chung, Kevin K.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Wolf, Steven E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Kozar, Rosemary A.; Holcomb, John B.] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Houston, TX USA. [Minei, Joseph P.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Surg, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Herndon, David N.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Surg, Galveston, TX USA. RP Wolf, SE (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, 7703 Floyd Curl,Mail Code 3340, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM wolfs@uthscsa.edu OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 14 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 208 IS 5 BP 940 EP 947 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.12.023 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 441WP UT WOS:000265801500058 PM 19476867 ER PT J AU Bustillos, B Sharkey, JR Anding, J McIntosh, A AF Bustillos, Brenda Sharkey, Joseph R. Anding, Jenna McIntosh, Alex TI Availability of More Healthful Food Alternatives in Traditional, Convenience, and Nontraditional Types of Food Stores in Two Rural Texas Counties SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS; UNITED-STATES; ACCESS; VEGETABLES; INCOME; FRESH; FRUIT; COST; AREA; SUPERMARKETS AB Limited research has focused on the availability of more healthful food alternatives in traditional food stores (supermarkets and grocery stores) in rural areas. Current market trends suggest that food items may be available for purchase in stores other than traditional food stores. An observational survey was developed and used on-site to document the availability and variety of fruit and vegetables (fresh, canned, and frozen), meats (meat, poultry, fish, and eggs), dairy (milk, yogurt, and cheese), and grains (whole grains and refined grains) in all traditional food stores, convenience stores, and nontraditional food stores (dollar stores and mass merchandisers) in two rural Texas counties. Descriptive statistics and t tests identified that although the widest selection of more healthful food items was available in supermarkets, not all supermarkets carried all items. Grocery stores carried less variety of fresh fruits (8+/-0.7 vs 4.7+/-0.3; P<0.01) and vegetables (10.7+/-0.2 vs 6+/-0; P<0.001) than supermarkets. Fresh fruits and vegetables were not readily available in convenience or nontraditional food stores. Among convenience and nontraditional food stores, "dollar" stores offered the best variety of more healthful canned fruits and vegetables, whole-wheat bread, and whole-grain cereal. Mass merchandisers and dollar stores offered a greater variety of more healthful types of canned tuna and poultry, reduced-fat and skim milk, and low-fat tortillas. In these rural counties, traditional food stores offered greater availability of more healthful food choices across food groups. More healthful food choices in canned fruits and vegetables, canned meat and fish, milk, and grains were also available in dollar stores, mass merchandisers, and convenience stores. Results suggest that a complete understanding of the food environment, especially in rural areas, requires knowledge of the availability and variety of healthful food in all types of stores that are accessible to families. C1 [Sharkey, Joseph R.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Program Res Nutr & Hlth Dispar, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Bustillos, Brenda] USA, Washington, DC USA. [Anding, Jenna] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Stn, TX USA. [McIntosh, Alex] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Sociol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Sharkey, JR (reprint author), Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Program Res Nutr & Hlth Dispar, Dept Social & Behav Sci, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, MS 1266, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM jrsharkey@srph.tamhsc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Center for Community Health Development [U48 DP-000045-01SI] FX This research was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers program, through the Texas Healthy Aging Research Network (J.S., principal investigator) and Center for Community Health Development cooperative agreement no. U48 DP-000045-01SI. NR 58 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 109 IS 5 BP 883 EP 889 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2009.02.011 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 438LQ UT WOS:000265557300025 PM 19394475 ER PT J AU Vertrees, A Wakefield, M Pickett, C Greer, L Wilson, A Gillern, S Nelson, J Aydelotte, J Stojadinovic, A Shriver, C AF Vertrees, Amy Wakefield, Matthew Pickett, Chris Greer, Lauren Wilson, Abralena Gillern, Sue Nelson, Jeffety Aydelotte, Jayson Stojadinovic, Alexander Shriver, Craig TI Outcomes of Primary Repair and Primary Anastomosis in War-Related Colon Injuries SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 67th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 24-27, 2008 CL Maui, HI SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE Colon; War; Primary repair; Damage control; Delayed anastomosis ID PENETRATING INJURIES; RECTAL INJURIES; TRAUMA; COMPLICATIONS; MANAGEMENT AB Background: The role of primary repair (PR) of modern day war-related colon injuries remains controversial. Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of combat-wounded soldiers with colon injuries sustained during March 2003 to August 2006 was conducted. Injuries were analyzed according to location: right (n = 30), transverse (n = 13), and left (n = 24) sided colon injuries. Two-tailed Fisher's Exact or chi(2) tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Seventy-seven soldiers returned to Walter Reed Army Medical Center with colon injuries suffered during Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. Twelve patients with minor co-Ion injuries were excluded. The remaining 65 patients (mean age, 28 7 years) sustained 67 colon injuries from secondary blast (n = 38); gunshot (n = 27); motor vehicle crash (n = 1) and crush injury (n = l). Patients arrived at Walter Reed Army Medical Center 5 days (range, 2-16 days) after injury and damage control operations (n = 27, 42%), and were hospitalized for a median of 22 days (range, 1-306 days). Follow-up averaged 311 days (median, 198 days). PR was attempted in right (n = 18, 60%), transverse (n = 11, 85%), and left (n = 9, 38%) sided colon injuries. Delayed definitive treatment of colon injuries occurred in 42% of patients. Failure of repair occurred in 16% of patients and was more likely with concomitant pancreatic, stomach, splenic, diaphragm, and renal injuries. Overall morbidity for ostomy closure after primary ostomy formation was 30%, but increased to 75% for ostomy closure after primary anastomotic or repair failure. Conclusions: PR of war-related colon injuries can be performed safely in selected circumstances in the absence of concomitant organ injury. Delayed anastomosis can often be performed after damage control operations once the patient stabilizes. Ostomy closure complications are more likely after anastomotic failure. C1 [Vertrees, Amy; Wakefield, Matthew; Pickett, Chris; Greer, Lauren; Gillern, Sue; Nelson, Jeffety; Aydelotte, Jayson; Stojadinovic, Alexander; Shriver, Craig] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Wilson, Abralena] Brigade Surg Off, Lawton, OK USA. RP Vertrees, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 11506 Alma St, Silver Spring, MD 20902 USA. EM vertrees57@yahoo.com NR 26 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2009 VL 66 IS 5 BP 1286 EP 1291 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31819ea3fc PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 445AJ UT WOS:000266021700005 PM 19430228 ER PT J AU Langston, JP Robson, CH Rice, KR Evans, LA Morey, AF AF Langston, Joshua P. Robson, Craig H. Rice, Kevin R. Evans, L. Andrew Morey, Allen F. TI Synchronous Urethral Stricture Reconstruction via 1-Stage Ascending Approach: Rationale and Results SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethra; urethral stricture; reconstructive surgical procedures; lower extremity; complications ID LITHOTOMY POSITION; URETHROPLASTY; COMPLEX; GRAFT; FLAP; COMPLICATIONS AB Purpose: We present our experience with the reconstruction of synchronous urethral strictures. Materials and Methods: Of 482 anterior urethroplasties performed by a single surgeon between 1997 and 2008 we identified and reviewed 30 patients who underwent reconstruction for multiple separate strictures. An ascending approach from distal to proximal was used and all repairs were completed at 1 stage. A total of 13 combinations of techniques were used to complete the repairs. A 2-phase technique was used in which the patient remained supine during buccal mucosa harvest and repair of strictures distal to the penoscrotal junction, and was then repositioned into the high lithotomy position as needed for stricture repair in the bulbar urethra. In each case normal intervening urethra was preserved intact. The number, length and location of strictures, operative time and patient outcomes were evaluated. Results: No position related complications occurred during or after surgery despite a mean operative time of 4.5 hours (range 2.5 to 6.4). No infectious wound complications were reported despite repositioning the legs to the high lithotomy position. Three patients (10%) were known to have required treatment for recurrent stricture after surgery. Conclusions: One-stage reconstruction for synchronous urethral strictures may be safely and effectively performed using a systematic, ascending reconstructive approach with creative application of tissue transfer techniques. Decreasing patient time in the high lithotomy position appears to prevent related lower extremity complications. C1 [Morey, Allen F.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Urol, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Urol, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. EM allen.morey@utsouthwestern.edu NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 181 IS 5 BP 2161 EP 2165 DI 10.1016/j.juro.2009.01.044 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 431PJ UT WOS:000265074800068 PM 19296985 ER PT J AU Warren, JB AF Warren, Joseph B. TI CARE OF CHRONIC WOUNDS IN AN AUSTERE ENVIRONMENT SO JOURNAL OF WOUND OSTOMY AND CONTINENCE NURSING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Warren, Joseph B.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, AMEDDC&S, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM joseph.booth.warren@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1071-5754 J9 J WOUND OSTOMY CONT JI J. Wound Ostomy Cont. Nurs. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 36 IS 3 BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 446KH UT WOS:000266120000121 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI The Copresidency of Bush and Cheney SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 91 EP 92 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100157 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI Gallipoli: The End of the Myth SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 92 EP 92 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100159 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI We Who Are Alive and Remain: Untold Stories from the Band of Brothers SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 92 EP 93 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100164 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI World War One: A Short History SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 92 EP 92 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100160 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI The White War: Life and Death on the Italian Front, 1915-1919 SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 92 EP 92 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100161 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI A More Unbending Battle: The Harlem Hellfighters' Struggle for Freedom in WWI and Equality at Home SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 92 EP 92 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100158 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI Shadows in the Jungle: The Alamo Scouts Behind Japanese Lines in World War II SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 92 EP 92 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100163 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI World War II: The Definitive Visual History SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100172 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI Aces High: The Heroic Story of the Two Top-Scoring American Aces of World War II SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100173 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI Tonight We Die as Men: The Untold Story of Third Battalion 506 Parachute Infantry Regiment from Toccua to D-Day SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100168 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100171 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI Overlord: The D-Day Landings SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100167 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI Tears in the Darkness: The Story of the Bataan Death March and Its Aftermath SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100170 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI Taking Command: General Lawton J. Collins from Guadalcanal to Utah Beach and Victory in Europe SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100169 ER PT J AU Burgess, E AF Burgess, Edwin TI Sealing Their Fate: The Twenty-Two Days that Decided World War II SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin] USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, E (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 134 IS 8 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 438PZ UT WOS:000265569100166 ER PT J AU Stephenson, LD Kumar, A Hale, J Murray, JN AF Stephenson, L. D. Kumar, Ashok Hale, Jeremy Murray, J. N. TI Sensor System for Measurement of Corrosion Under Coatings SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article ID COPPER; IRON AB Corrosion rate measurements can reveal areas coated structure needing immediate attention and those needing maintenance later. Such measurements, using a very thin postage-stamp size corrosion sensor, have been evaluated in laboratory and field conditions. Data from bare steel sensors were also obtained Test results from bare and water-borne, epoxy-coated, steel sensors are presented and discussed C1 [Stephenson, L. D.; Kumar, Ashok; Hale, Jeremy] USA, Erdc, Champaign, IL USA. [Stephenson, L. D.; Hale, Jeremy] USA Corps Engineers, Erdc, Mat & Struct Branch, CERL,Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Champaign, IL USA. RP Stephenson, LD (reprint author), USA, Erdc, Champaign, IL USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 48 IS 5 BP 36 EP 41 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA 442DJ UT WOS:000265819900013 ER PT J AU Gelhaus, HC Rozak, DA Nierman, WC Chen, D Varga, JJ Zadeh, M Ulrich, RL Adamovicz, JJ AF Gelhaus, H. Carl Rozak, David A. Nierman, William C. Chen, Dan Varga, John J. Zadeh, Mojgan Ulrich, Ricky L. Adamovicz, Jeffrey J. TI Exogenous Yersinia pestis quorum sensing molecules N-octanoyl-homoserine lactone and N-(3-oxooctanoyl)-homoserine lactone regulate the LcrV virulence factor SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; Quorum sensing; Type III secretion system ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; V-ANTIGEN; SECRETION; AUTOINDUCER; EXPRESSION; BACTERIA; PROTEIN AB LcrV is a key Yersinia pestis antigen, immune regulator, and component of the type III secretion system (T3SS). Researchers have shown that N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) can down-regulate the expression of the LcrV homolog, PcrV, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using ELISA, western blot, DNA microarray analysis, and real time PCR we demonstrate that the addition of AHL molecules N-octanoyl-homoserine lactone (C8) or N-(3-oxooctanoyl)-homoserine lactone (oxo-C8) to Y. pestis cultures down-regulates LcrV protein expression. DNA microarray analysis shows 10 additional T3SS genes are consistently down-regulated by C8 or oxo-C8. This is the first report demonstrating that AHLs; regulate Y pestis virulence factor expression. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gelhaus, H. Carl; Rozak, David A.; Nierman, William C.; Chen, Dan; Varga, John J.; Zadeh, Mojgan; Ulrich, Ricky L.; Adamovicz, Jeffrey J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Gelhaus, HC (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM carlgelhaus@yahoo.com RI Varga, John/I-8130-2012 OI Varga, John/0000-0002-4868-1971 FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Department of Defense [2.10040-08_RD_B]; U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command FX We are grateful to Kei Amemiya for his gift of anti-LcrV mAbs, and to Bradford Powell for his gift of rLcrV. The research described herein was sponsored by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Department of Defense, project number 2.10040-08_RD_B. This project was supported in part by appointments to the Internship/Research Participation Program for the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the USAMRMC. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States Army. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 46 IS 5 BP 283 EP 287 DI 10.1016/j.micpath.2009.02.002 PG 5 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 446VW UT WOS:000266150600007 PM 19249344 ER PT J AU Sessums, LL Collen, JF O'Malley, PG Jackson, JL Roy, MJ AF Sessums, Laura L. Collen, Jacob F. O'Malley, Patrick G. Jackson, Jeffery L. Roy, Michael J. TI Ethical Practice Under Fire: Deployed Physicians in the Global War on Terrorism SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILITARY MEDICAL-ETHICS; HUMAN-RIGHTS; ABU-GHRAIB; TORTURE; DOCTORS; GUANTANAMO; PRISONERS; SURVIVORS AB The Global War on Terrorism brings significant ethical challenges for military physicians. From Abu Ghraib to Guantanamo Bay, the actions of health care providers have come under considerable scrutiny. Military providers have dual roles as military officers and medical professionals, which have the potential to come into conflict. Often they are inadequately prepared to manage this conflict. We review pertinent historical precedents, applicable laws, ethical guidelines, and military regulations. We also present examples of ethical challenges deployed clinicians have faced and their ethical solution. Finally, we propose a practical strategy to educate physicians on how to manage complex ethical dilemmas in war time settings. C1 [Sessums, Laura L.; Collen, Jacob F.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [O'Malley, Patrick G.; Jackson, Jeffery L.; Roy, Michael J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Sessums, LL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 174 IS 5 BP 441 EP 447 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LC UT WOS:000278059800001 PM 20731272 ER PT J AU Waxman, S Lewis, PC Soderdahl, D AF Waxman, Steve Lewis, Paul C. Soderdahl, Douglas TI Scrotal Pathology in the Outpatient Setting in Operation Iraqi Freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Government-Service-Urologists CY JAN, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Govt Serv Urologists ID CHRONIC ORCHIALGIA; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; PAIN; EPIDIDYMECTOMY; EPIDIDYMITIS; MANAGEMENT; LIGATION; OUTCOMES; VARICOCELECTOMY; DENERVATION AB The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence and pathology of scrotal pain among military men deployed in Operation Iraqi Freedom. It is a retrospective review of patients seen by the urology service at a U.S. Army combat support hospital (CS H) in Iraq from March 29, 2007 to August 12, 2007. Of the 222 outpatient visits to the urology service 81 (36%) had I or more scrotal complaints for a total of 90 scrotal-related problems. The vast majority (86%) were found to have epididymitis. Scrotal sonograms on these patients found only I patient with a testicular neoplasm. Varicocele (6.2%), spermatocele (4.9%), and hydrocele (2.5%) accounted for the remaining scrotal findings. Urologic referrals for scrotal problems are common in the deployed environment. We feel the best treatment for chronic scrotal pain in theater is conservative with urologic referral in patients who fail their initial course of therapy. C1 [Waxman, Steve; Soderdahl, Douglas] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Lewis, Paul C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Nursing Res Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Waxman, S (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 174 IS 5 BP 539 EP 541 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LC UT WOS:000278059800017 PM 20731288 ER PT J AU Kotwal, RS Butler, FK Murray, CK Hill, GJ Rayfield, JC Miles, EA AF Kotwal, Russ S. Butler, Frank K., Jr. Murray, Clinton K. Hill, Guyon J. Rayfield, John C. Miles, Ethan A. TI Central Retinal Vein Occlusion in an Army Ranger With Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN-THERAPY; MACULAR EDEMA; INTRAVITREAL TRIAMCINOLONE; THROMBOSIS; MANAGEMENT AB Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most prevalent human enzyme deficiency, affecting an estimated 400 million people worldwide. G6PD deficiency increases erythrocyte vulnerability to oxidative stress and may precipitate episodes of hemolysis when individuals are exposed to triggering agents. Although central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) does occur in G6PD-deficient individuals, G6PD-deficient individuals exposed to oxidative stressors have not been previously reported to have an increase in CRVO incidence. This is a case of an Army Ranger who deployed to Afghanistan with unrecognized G6PD deficiency and was placed on primaquine following his return to the United States and subsequently developed CRVO. Primaquine is a well-recognized cause of hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency. Hemolytic anemia may contribute to thrombosis as a result of increased erythrocyte aggregation and erythrocyte endothelium interaction. This case underscores the continued need for routine G6PD screening and avoidance of known triggers in G6PD-deficient individuals. C1 [Butler, Frank K., Jr.] USN, Operat Med Inst, Dept Ophthalmol, Pensacola, FL 32508 USA. [Murray, Clinton K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Hill, Guyon J.] 1st Special Forces Grp Airborne, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. [Rayfield, John C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kotwal, RS (reprint author), 75th Ranger Regiment,6420 Dawson Loop, Ft Benning, GA 31905 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 174 IS 5 BP 544 EP 547 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LC UT WOS:000278059800019 PM 20731290 ER PT J AU Ayyub, BM Foster, J McGill, WL AF Ayyub, Bilal M. Foster, Jerry McGill, William L. TI Risk Analysis of a Protected Hurricane-Prone Region. I: Model Development SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Risk management; Hurricanes; Levees; Safety; Uncertainty principles; Decision making AB A risk analysis methodology is presented in this paper for protected hurricane-prone regions. The methodology is intended to assist decision and policy makers, and has the characteristics of being analytic, transparent, quantitative, and probabilistic. The hazard is quantified using a probabilistic framework to obtain hazard profiles as elevation-exceedance rates, and the risk profiles as loss-exceedance rates that are based on a spectrum of hurricanes determined using a joint probability distribution of the parameters that define hurricane intensity. The resulting surges, waves, and precipitations are used to evaluate the performance of a hurricane protection system consisting of a series of basins and subbasins that define the interior drainage characteristics of the system. The protection against flooding is provided by levees, floodwalls, closure gates, and interior drainage system and pumping stations. Stage-storage relationships define the characteristics of subbasins and the population and property at risk. The proposed methodology will enable decision makers to evaluate alternatives for managing risk such as: providing increased hurricane protection, increasing evacuation effectiveness, changing land-use policy, enhancing hurricane protection system operations, and increasing public and governmental preparedness. C1 [Ayyub, Bilal M.; McGill, William L.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Technol & Syst Management, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Foster, Jerry] USA, IPET Risk & Reliabil Team Leader, Corps Engineers, Severn, MD 21144 USA. RP Ayyub, BM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Technol & Syst Management, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ba@umd.edu; jerry.l.foster@usace.army.mil; wmcgill@umd.edu FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers FX The writers acknowledge discussions, input, and comments provided by Ed Link, Bruce Muller, Donald R. Dressler, Anjana Chudgar, John J. Jaeger, Gregory Baecher, Brian Blanton, David Bowles, Jennifer Chowning, Robert Dean, David Divoky, Bruce Ellingwood, Richalie Griffith, Harvey W. Jones, Mark Kaminskiy, Burton Kemp, Fred Krimgold, Therese McAllister, Martin W. McCann, Robert Patev, David Schaaf, Terry Sullivan, Pat Taylor, Nancy Towne, Daniele Veneziano, Gregory Walker, Mathew Watts, and Allyson Windham, and the contract administration and support provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and help from Andy Harkness. Information provided in the paper is the personal opinions of the writers, and does not represent the opinions or positions of other entities including the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1527-6988 J9 NAT HAZARDS REV JI Nat. Hazards Rev. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 10 IS 2 BP 38 EP 53 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2009)10:2(38) PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Studies; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA V19CU UT WOS:000208051300002 ER PT J AU Ayyub, BM Foster, J McGill, WL Jones, HW AF Ayyub, Bilal M. Foster, Jerry McGill, William L. Jones, Harvey W. TI Risk Analysis of a Protected Hurricane-Prone Region. II: Computations and Illustrations SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Risk management; Hurricanes; Natural disasters; Decision making; Levees; Safety; Uncertainty principles AB This paper describes a case study implementing a methodology for assessing risks to protected hurricane-prone regions. A simple hurricane protection system is constructed to illustrate the required inputs for the system definition, computations, and hazard and risk profiles. The inputs include the required specifications for basin and subbasin reaches, transitions, and associated fragilities, closures, and storm parameters. Moreover, the case study produces elevation-and loss-exceedance probability and rate curves for each subbasin and the system as a whole, and demonstrates quantitative benefit-cost analysis using this risk information. The implementation of the risk model is packaged as the Flood Risk Analysis for Tropical Storm Environments tool currently in use by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineering Interagency Performance Evaluation Team charged with assessing hurricane risks to the New Orleans and Southeast Louisiana, and proposed changes to the hurricane protection system. C1 [Ayyub, Bilal M.; McGill, William L.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Technol & Syst Management, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Foster, Jerry] USA, IPET Risk & Reliabil Team Leader, Corps Engineers, Severn, MD 21144 USA. [Jones, Harvey W.] USA, Informat Technol Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ayyub, BM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Technol & Syst Management, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ba@umd.edu; jerry.l.foster@usace.army.mil; wmcgill@umd.edu FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers FX The writers acknowledge discussions, input, and comments provided by Ed Link, Bruce Muller, Donald R. Dressler, Anjana Chudgar, John J. Jaeger, Gregory Baecher, Brian Blanton, David Bowles, Jennifer Chowning, Robert Dean, David Divoky, Bruce Ellingwood, Richalie Griffith, Mark Kaminskiy, Burton Kemp, Fred Krimgold, Therese McAllister, Martin W. McCann, Robert Patev, David Schaaf, Terry Sullivan, Pat Taylor, Nancy Towne, Daniele Veneziano, Gregory Walker, Mathew Watts, and Allyson Windham, and the contract administration and support provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the help of Mr. Andy Harkness. Information provided in the paper is personal opinions of the writers, and does not represent the opinions or positions of other entities including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1527-6988 J9 NAT HAZARDS REV JI Nat. Hazards Rev. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 10 IS 2 BP 54 EP 67 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988(2009)10:2(54) PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Studies; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA V19CU UT WOS:000208051300003 ER PT J AU Mura, E Barale, C Quinn, MJ Panzica, G Ottinger, MA Viglietti-Panzica, C AF Mura, Elena Barale, Cristina Quinn, Michael J., Jr. Panzica, GianCarlo Ottinger, Mary Ann Viglietti-Panzica, Carla TI Organizational effects of DDE on brain vasotocin system in male Japanese quail SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DDE; Vasotocin; Sexual behavior; Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; Lateral septum; Medial preoptic nucleus; Japanese quail; Coturnix japonica ID MALE SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL POLYPEPTIDE; RELEVANT NEURAL CIRCUITS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; MEDIAL PREOPTIC NUCLEUS; CROWNED NIGHT-HERONS; ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINANTS; ALLIGATOR-MISSISSIPPIENSIS; REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT AB p,p'-DDE, or ethylene, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl), is the main metabolite of the pesticide DDT, or 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane. It is an androgen receptor antagonist and testosterone hydroxylase modulator that is also more persistent than its parent compound. In a previous study we demonstrated that embryonic exposure to different doses of p,p'-DDE accelerated onset of puberty in females and reduced male reproductive behavior. In the present study we investigated the long-term effects of the exposure to p,p'-DDE on the differentiation of male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) limbic circuits related to male copulatory behavior: the parvocellular vasotocin (VT) system. We observed a decrease in the density of VT-immunoreactive fibers within the medial preoptic nucleus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and lateral septum in p,p'-DDE-treated birds, while no differences could be detected in the magnocellular neurons of the supraoptic nucleus. In particular the lowest dose of p,p'-DDE causes the highest decrease of VT immunoreactivity. This study provides further evidence for VT system sensitivity towards endocrine disrupting chemicals and demonstrates that the VT system may be an appropriate and sensitive biomarker for early p,p'-DDE exposure in birds. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mura, Elena; Barale, Cristina; Panzica, GianCarlo; Viglietti-Panzica, Carla] Univ Turin, Neuroendocrinol Lab, Dept Anat Pharmacol & Forens Med, NIT, I-10126 Turin, Italy. [Quinn, Michael J., Jr.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Toxicol, Hlth Effects Res Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Ottinger, Mary Ann] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Viglietti-Panzica, C (reprint author), Univ Turin, Neuroendocrinol Lab, Dept Anat Pharmacol & Forens Med, NIT, Corso M DAzeglio 52, I-10126 Turin, Italy. EM carla.viglietti@unito.it RI Panzica, Giancarlo/C-2685-2008; OI Panzica, Giancarlo/0000-0002-9302-4647; Barale, Cristina/0000-0003-3201-5883 FU University of Torino and Regione Piemonte (CVP, GCP); Fondazione CRT [EPA 8826134010]; NSF [9817024]; EPA [R-2877801] FX Supported by University of Torino and Regione Piemonte (CVP, GCP), Fondazione CRT (GCP), EPA 8826134010 (Star Grant), NSF 9817024, and EPA R-2877801 (MAO). NR 72 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD MAY PY 2009 VL 30 IS 3 BP 479 EP 484 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2009.01.012 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 448RH UT WOS:000266279200019 PM 19442834 ER PT J AU Poler, AC Bohannon, AW Schowalter, SJ Hromadka, TV AF Poler, A. C. Bohannon, A. W. Schowalter, S. J. Hromadka, T. V., II TI Using the Complex Polynomial Method with Mathematica to Model Problems Involving the Laplace and Poisson Equations SO NUMERICAL METHODS FOR PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS LA English DT Article DE complex polynomials; Laplace's equation; numerical methods; Dirichlet problem AB The complex polynomial method variant of the well-known complex variable boundary element method (CVBEM) is reexamined in its utility in solving Partial Differential Equations (PDE) of the Poisson and Laplace type. Because the CVBEM was recently extended to three and higher dimensions, the use of complex polynomials to solve higher dimension PDE becomes apparent and therefore the advantages afforded by the use of complex polynomials can be brought to focus on higher dimension problems. Because complex polynomials involve use of computational algorithms that require high accuracy in numerical precision, including the solution of fully populated nonsymmetric matrices, the computer program Mathematica is evaluated for use as the underlying computational engine. Furthermore, Mathematica is evaluated for its internal high-accuracy computational features and algorithms, including ease of program setup. In this research, the new program is found to provide at least a 5-fold increase in complex polynomial degree utilization (from degree 10 to degree 50), with computational speed less than was involved in the original degree 10 approximation of Hromadka and Guymon [ASCE J Hydraulic Eng 110 (1984), 329-339], and with exceptional computational accuracy and reporting features. The Mathematica program is quite small and is provided to the reader as freeware and can be obtained from the first author. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 25: 657-667, 2009 C1 [Poler, A. C.; Bohannon, A. W.; Schowalter, S. J.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hromadka, T. V., II] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Poler, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM andrewpoler@gmail.com NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0749-159X J9 NUMER METH PART D E JI Numer. Meth. Part Differ. Equ. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 657 EP 667 DI 10.1002/num.20365 PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 434BK UT WOS:000265250000009 ER PT J AU Cho, RI Kahana, A Patel, B Sivak-Callcott, J Buerger, DE Durairaj, VD Vidor, I Mawn, LA AF Cho, Raymond I. Kahana, Alon Patel, Bhupendra Sivak-Callcott, Jennifer Buerger, Daniel E. Durairaj, Vikram D. Vidor, Ira Mawn, Louise A. TI Intraoperative Fluoroscopy-Guided Removal of Orbital Foreign Bodies SO OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT AB Purpose: To describe the use of intraoperative fluoroscopy as all aid in the removal of radio-opaque orbital foreign bodies. Methods: A retrospective interventional case series of 12 patients with orbital foreign bodies that required removal for various indications. All patients underwent orbitotomy and removal of the foreign bodies with the aid of real-time intraoperative fluoroscopic localization. Results: The orbital foreign body was successfully removed Without complication in all 12 patients. One patient with ethmoid sinusitis preoperatively had resolution of the infection after Surgery. Two patients with extraocular motility deficits preoperatively experienced significant improvement in motility after Surgery. Three patients who required MRI studies for unrelated conditions were able to undergo scanning postoperatively without complications. Two patients were combat casualties treated by US medical personnel during Operation Iraqi Freedom. There were no cases of visual or ocular morbidity directly attributable to foreign body removal. Conclusion: Intraoperative fluoroscopy is a valuable toot that can aid in the removal of radio-opaque orbital foreign bodies. (Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2009;25:215-218) C1 [Kahana, Alon] Univ Michigan, Kellogg Eye Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Cho, Raymond I.] USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Patel, Bhupendra] Univ Utah, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Sivak-Callcott, Jennifer; Vidor, Ira] W Virginia Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Buerger, Daniel E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Durairaj, Vikram D.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Aurora, CO USA. [Mawn, Louise A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Vanderbilt Eye Inst, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Kahana, A (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Kellogg Eye Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM akahana@med.umich.edu OI Kahana, Alon/0000-0002-5667-2274 FU Research to Prevent Blindness; Challenge Grant FX Supported in part by Research to Prevent Blindness through an unrestricted grant to the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, and by a Challenge Grant to the Vanderbilt Department of Ophthalmology. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0740-9303 J9 OPHTHAL PLAST RECONS JI Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 215 EP 218 DI 10.1097/IOP.0b013e3181a3006a PG 4 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 449EP UT WOS:000266313900012 PM 19454934 ER PT J AU Eiseman, AS Bigelow, D Cockerham, KP AF Eiseman, Andrew S. Bigelow, David Cockerham, Kimberl. P. TI Growth of a Presumed Orbital Venous Anomaly During Pregnancy With Spontaneous Resolution Postpartum SO OPHTHALMIC PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article AB A 27-year-old pregnant woman in her second trimester presented with a 3-month history of gradual proptosis, decreased vision, and choroidal folds in her right eye. MRI revealed an intraconal mass with inhomogeneous enhancement consistent with a vascular lesion. The patient was followed clinically and the lesion remained stable for the remainder of her pregnancy and delivery by Cesarean section. Three months postpartum, the proptosis, choroidal folds, and decreased vision had resolved. Repeat scanning revealed complete resolution of the lesion. Pregnant patients with orbital vascular lesions need to be followed carefully during their pregnancy and after delivery. These lesions can worsen during pregnancy and may resolve spontaneously in the postpartum period. C1 [Eiseman, Andrew S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Eye Clinc, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Bigelow, David] Stanford Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Cockerham, Kimberl. P.] David Grant Med Ctr, Travis AFB, CA USA. RP Eiseman, AS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Eye Clinc, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM andrew.eiseman@amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0740-9303 J9 OPHTHAL PLAST RECONS JI Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 247 EP 248 DI 10.1097/IOP.0b013e3181a394fb PG 2 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 449EP UT WOS:000266313900026 PM 19454948 ER PT J AU Howard, NS Brietzke, SE AF Howard, N. Scott Brietzke, Scott E. TI Pediatric tonsil size: Objective vs subjective measurements correlated to overnight polysomnogram SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; APNEA/HYPOPNEA SYNDROME; CHILDREN AB OBJECTIVE: To compare subjective and objective tonsil size measurements (weight, volume, intertonsillar distance) along with simple pharyngeal measurements in the prediction of pediatric obstructive apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) severity. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective case series. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Tonsil size (0-4+) and Mallampati/Friedman palate position were subjectively measured. During adenotonsillectomy, tonsil size was objectively measured p with simple pharyngeal dimensions. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were calculated and forward and reverse stepwise multivariate regression modeling was used to assess the prediction of preoperative OSAHS severity as determined by polysomnogram (PSG). Evaluation of possible outlier influence was also performed. RESULTS: Thirty-four pediatric patients (median age, 4; range, 2-9) were included. Objective tonsil weight (Spearman's rho = 0.6143, P = 0.0002), tonsil volume (rho = 0.4960, P = 0.0039). and intertonsillar distance (rho = -0.7559, P < 0.0001) were strongly correlated with Subjective tonsil size but not with age, body mass index (BMI), or preoperative apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Regression modeling demonstrated that only measured tonsil Weight (beta = 1.43, P = 0.003,), age (beta = -3.21, P = 0.001), and hard palate length (beta = 0.979 P = 0.003) were significant predictors of the preoperative AHI (R(2) = 0.5358). Evaluation of possible Outliers indicated tonsil weight was the most robust predictor Of preoperative AHI. CONCLUSION: Subjective tonsil Size measurements correlate well with objective tonsil Volume measurements. However, only objective tonsil measurements were significantly predictive of objective PSG-measured OSAHS severity. (c) 2009 American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. All rights reserved. C1 [Howard, N. Scott; Brietzke, Scott E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brietzke, SE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM SEBrietzke@msn.com OI Brietzke, Scott/0000-0002-2844-6026 NR 8 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 140 IS 5 BP 675 EP 681 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2009.01.008 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 441ZZ UT WOS:000265810700013 PM 19393410 ER PT J AU Roesel, TR AF Roesel, Thomas R. TI Does the central nervous system play a role in vitamin D deficiency related chronic pain? SO PAIN LA English DT Letter ID CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Roesel, TR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM thomas.roesel@amedd.army.mil NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3959 J9 PAIN JI Pain PD MAY PY 2009 VL 143 IS 1-2 BP 159 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.pain.2009.02.017 PG 2 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 441PH UT WOS:000265780600026 PM 19307061 ER PT J AU Plunkett, A Fahlgren, M McLean, B Mundey, D AF Plunkett, Anthony Fahlgren, Michael McLean, Brian Mundey, Derick TI Opioid-Free Balanced Anesthesia for Cervical Ganglionectomy Subsequent to Recent Ultra Rapid Opioid Detoxification SO PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Detoxification; Acute Pain; Opioids ID ACUTE PAIN; DEXMEDETOMIDINE; SURGERY; MANAGEMENT; ANALGESIA; KETAMINE; REQUIREMENTS; CONSUMPTION; MORPHINE; PATIENT AB To perform an opioid-free, balanced anesthetic for an Active Duty soldier undergoing cervical ganglionectomy for intractable occipital neuralgia 7 days after ultra rapid opioid detoxification (UROD) under general anesthesia. Opioids have been a mainstay for both intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. With the emergence of newer non-opioid analgesics and the practice of the multimodal analgesia, opioid therapy will be complimented and, in some cases, replaced by these newer agents. The increasing knowledge in the literature of both pain mechanisms and chronic pain treatment can present anesthesiologists with a challenge when faced with opioid-tolerant patients in the acute perioperative setting. With an increased focus on adequate pain control among health care regulatory agencies, we may expect to see a growing number of patients who desire weaning from chronic opioid therapy. There have been many weaning protocols proposed in the literature, with UROD under general anesthesia being one of them. We report a case of successful non-opioid analgesia in a patient that presented for a cervical ganglionectomy 7 days after UROD. This patient successfully completed a perioperative and postoperative course using ketamine and dexmedetomidine infusions, in addition to other non-opioid adjuncts. The patient returned to her Active Duty station, with increased functional capacity and remains opioid-free. C1 [Plunkett, Anthony; McLean, Brian; Mundey, Derick] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Fahlgren, Michael] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Plunkett, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW WA, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM anthonyplunkett@comcast.net NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-2375 J9 PAIN MED JI Pain Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 10 IS 4 BP 767 EP 770 DI 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00610.x PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 454JQ UT WOS:000266678600024 PM 19453966 ER PT J AU Sawyer, T Antle, A Studer, M Thompson, M Perry, S Mahnke, CB AF Sawyer, Taylor Antle, Amanda Studer, Matthew Thompson, Mark Perry, Stanton Mahnke, C. Becket TI Neonatal Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis Presenting as Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn SO PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neonatal; Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn; Pulmonary artery thrombosis AB Pulmonary artery thrombosis in neonates occurs rarely. This report describes the case of a term infant with a pulmonary artery thrombosis presenting as persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. The risk factors identified in the case included maternal diabetes and heterozygous factor V Leiden deficiency. The pulmonary thrombus was successfully treated with percutaneous catheter-based embolectomy. C1 [Sawyer, Taylor; Antle, Amanda; Studer, Matthew; Thompson, Mark; Mahnke, C. Becket] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Perry, Stanton] Lucile Packard Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Cardiol, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Sawyer, T (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM taylor.l.sawyer@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0172-0643 J9 PEDIATR CARDIOL JI Pediatr. Cardiol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 30 IS 4 BP 520 EP 522 DI 10.1007/s00246-008-9349-2 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Pediatrics SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Pediatrics GA 447BW UT WOS:000266167600022 PM 19052800 ER PT J AU Holland, DP Hamilton, CD Weintrob, AC Engemann, JJ Fortenberry, ER Peloquin, CA Stout, JE AF Holland, David P. Hamilton, Carol D. Weintrob, Amy C. Engemann, John J. Fortenberry, Ellen R. Peloquin, Charles A. Stout, Jason E. TI Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antimycobacterial Drugs in Patients with Both Tuberculosis and Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 104th International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society CY MAY 16-21, 2008 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Amer Thorac Soc DE tuberculosis; human immunodeficiency virus; HIV; drug monitoring ID RIFAMPIN-MONORESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; ACQUIRED RIFAMYCIN RESISTANCE; HIV-RELATED TUBERCULOSIS; NEW-YORK-CITY; CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS; ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS; RISK-FACTORS; AIDS; MALABSORPTION; RIFAPENTINE AB Study Objective. To determine the feasibility of therapeutic drug monitoring for adjusting low serum antimycobacterial concentrations in patients with both tuberculosis and advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Design. Retrospective cohort study. Data Source. De-identified dataset from a tuberculosis clinic. Patients. Twenty-one patients (median age 38 yrs, range 25-68 yrs) with advanced HIV infection (CD4(+) cell count < 100 cells/mm(3)) who received treatment for active tuberculosis between March 2002 and September 2007. Measurements and Main Results. We evaluated data based on the practices performed at the tuberculosis clinic. After the daily doses of isoniazid and rifamycins (rifampin or rifabutin) were ingested, serum concentrations were obtained at 2 hours for isoniazid and rifampin, at 3 hours for rifabutin, and, when possible, at 6 hours for all three drugs to detect delayed absorption. Antimycobacterial drug concentrations were compared with published reference levels, and dosages were adjusted to achieve desired concentrations. Costs of monitoring were recorded for all patients. Of the 21 patients, 18 (86%) had low serum concentrations of at least one drug 2 hours after ingestion: 2 (10%) had low isoniazid concentrations, 5 (24%) had low rifamycin concentrations, and 11 (52%) had low serum concentrations of both drugs. The median number of dosage adjustments to attain normal concentrations was 1 (range 0-4 adjustments). The median cost/patient for therapeutic drug monitoring was $619 (range $230-1948). The median final doses to achieve normal concentrations were isoniazid 600 mg/day (range 300-1500 mg/day), rifampin 1050 mg/day (range 600-1200 mg/day), and rifabutin 300 mg (range 150-450 mg) 3 times/week. No patient demonstrated any adverse effects attributed to these higher doses. Conclusion. Low serum concentrations of antituberculous drugs, which suggest malabsorption, are common among patients with advanced HIV who also have tuberculosis but can be overcome with higher doses. Therapeutic drug monitoring may be an effective tool to optimize therapy, but needs further study C1 [Holland, David P.; Hamilton, Carol D.; Engemann, John J.; Stout, Jason E.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Weintrob, Amy C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Fortenberry, Ellen R.] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, N Carolina TB Control Program, Raleigh, NC USA. [Peloquin, Charles A.] Univ Colorado, Infect Dis Pharmacokinet Lab, Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Peloquin, Charles A.] Univ Colorado, Schools Pharm & Med, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Stout, JE (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Box 3306, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM stout002@mc.duke.edu OI Stout, Jason/0000-0002-6698-8176 NR 26 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER, 806, 750 WASHINGTON ST, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD MAY PY 2009 VL 29 IS 5 BP 503 EP 510 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 440AZ UT WOS:000265671500003 PM 19397460 ER PT J AU Boteler, JM Gupta, YM AF Boteler, J. Michael Gupta, Y. M. TI Raman spectra of shocked diamond single crystals (vol 66, 014107, 2002) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Correction DE diamond; Raman spectra; shock wave effects C1 [Boteler, J. Michael] ERDC CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Boteler, JM (reprint author), ERDC CRREL, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY PY 2009 VL 79 IS 17 AR 179901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.179901 PG 2 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 451WH UT WOS:000266501100123 ER PT J AU Casanova, R Yang, L Hairston, WD Laurienti, PJ Maldjian, JA AF Casanova, R. Yang, L. Hairston, W. D. Laurienti, P. J. Maldjian, J. A. TI Evaluating the impact of spatio-temporal smoothness constraints on the BOLD hemodynamic response function estimation: an analysis based on Tikhonov regularization SO PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT LA English DT Article DE ER-fMRI; HRF estimation; Tikhonov regularization; GCV ID EVENT-RELATED FMRI; GENERALIZED CROSS-VALIDATION; TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; MRI; BRAIN AB Recently we have proposed the use of Tikhonov regularization with temporal smoothness constraints to estimate the BOLD fMRI hemodynamic response function (HRF). The temporal smoothness constraint was imposed on the estimates by using second derivative information while the regularization parameter was selected based on the generalized cross-validation function (GCV). Using one-dimensional simulations, we previously found this method to produce reliable estimates of the HRF time course, especially its time to peak (TTP), being at the same time fast and robust to over-sampling in the HRF estimation. Here, we extend the method to include simultaneous temporal and spatial smoothness constraints. This method does not need Gaussian smoothing as a pre-processing step as usually done in fMRI data analysis. We carried out two-dimensional simulations to compare the two methods: Tikhonov regularization with temporal (Tik-GCV-T) and spatio-temporal (Tik-GCV-ST) smoothness constraints on the estimated HRF. We focus our attention on quantifying the influence of the Gaussian data smoothing and the presence of edges on the performance of these techniques. Our results suggest that the spatial smoothing introduced by regularization is less severe than that produced by Gaussian smoothing. This allows more accurate estimates of the response amplitudes while producing similar estimates of the TTP. We illustrate these ideas using real data. C1 [Casanova, R.; Yang, L.; Hairston, W. D.; Laurienti, P. J.; Maldjian, J. A.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Radiol, Sch Med, Adv Neurosci Imaging Res ANSIR Lab, Winston Salem, NC 27106 USA. [Hairston, W. D.] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Casanova, R (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Radiol, Sch Med, Adv Neurosci Imaging Res ANSIR Lab, Winston Salem, NC 27106 USA. FU NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB003880-04, R01 EB003880, EB003880, EB004673, R01 EB004673, R01 EB004673-04]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS042568, K08 NS042568, K08 NS042568-05] NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0967-3334 J9 PHYSIOL MEAS JI Physiol. Meas. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 30 IS 5 BP N37 EP N51 DI 10.1088/0967-3334/30/5/N01 PG 15 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Physiology SC Biophysics; Engineering; Physiology GA 441JF UT WOS:000265764400009 PM 19417238 ER PT J AU Ben Salah, A Buffet, PA Morizot, G Ben Massoud, N Zaatour, A Ben Alaya, N Hamida, NBH El Ahmadi, Z Downs, MT Smith, PL Dellagi, K Grogl, M AF Ben Salah, Afif Buffet, Pierre A. Morizot, Gloria Ben Massoud, Nathalie Zaatour, Amor Ben Alaya, Nissaf Hamida, Nabil Bel Haj El Ahmadi, Zaher Downs, Matthew T. Smith, Philip L. Dellagi, Koussay Grogl, Max TI WR279,396, a Third Generation Aminoglycoside Ointment for the Treatment of Leishmania major Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Phase 2, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TOPICAL TREATMENT; MEGLUMINE ANTIMONIATE; PAROMOMYCIN OINTMENT; METHYLBENZETHONIUM CHLORIDE; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; AMINOSIDINE; EFFICACY; FAILURE; IRAN AB Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a disfiguring disease that confronts clinicians with a quandary: leave patients untreated or engage in a complex or toxic treatment. Topical treatment of CL offers a practical and safe option. Accordingly, the treatment of CL with WR279,396, a formulation of paromomycin and gentamicin in a hydrophilic base, was investigated in a phase 2 clinical study in Tunisia and France. Methods: A phase 2, randomized, double blind, vehicle-controlled study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of topical WR279,396 when applied twice a day for 20 days as treatment for parasitologically confirmed CL. The study protocol established the primary efficacy end point as complete clinical response (CCR) defined as 50% or greater reduction in the ulceration size of an index lesion by day 50 (D50) followed by complete re-epithelialization by D100, and no relapse through D180. Results: Ninety-two subjects were randomized. Leishmania major was identified in 66 of 68 isolates typed (97%). In the intent-to-treat population, 47 of 50 WR279,396 treated participants (94%) met the definition of CCR, compared with 30 of 42 vehicle-placebo participants (71%) [p = 0.0045]. Erythema occurred in 30% and 24% of participants receiving WR279,396 and placebo, respectively [p = 0.64]. There was no clinical or laboratory evidence of systemic toxicity. Conclusion: Application of WR279,396 for 20 days was found to be safe and effective in treating L. major CL, and offers great potential as a new, simple, easily applicable, and inexpensive topical therapy for this neglected disease. C1 [Ben Salah, Afif; Ben Massoud, Nathalie; Zaatour, Amor; Ben Alaya, Nissaf; Hamida, Nabil Bel Haj; Dellagi, Koussay] Inst Pasteur Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. [Buffet, Pierre A.; Morizot, Gloria] Inst Pasteur, Paris, France. [El Ahmadi, Zaher] Direct Reg Sante Sidi Bouzid, Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia. [Downs, Matthew T.] Stat Collaborat, Washington, DC USA. [Smith, Philip L.] USA, Med Mat Dev Act, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Grogl, Max] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Ben Salah, A (reprint author), Inst Pasteur Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. EM max.grogl1@us.army.mil FU Office of the Surgeon General (OTSG), Chief, Human Subjects Protection Division, U.S. Army MRMC, Fort Detrick, [1791]; Institute Pasteur, Rue du Dr. Roux, Paris, France FX The Office of the Surgeon General (OTSG), Chief, Human Subjects Protection Division, U. S. Army MRMC, Fort Detrick, MD 21702-5012. IND 50,098 HSRRB Protocol #1791. Co-sponsor: Institute Pasteur, Rue du Dr. Roux, Paris, France. The U. S. Army, and military and civilian collaborators, had a role in the study design, data collection, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. Data analysis was conducted by a third party. Study reports were submitted to the FDA. NR 32 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 3 IS 5 AR e432 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000432 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 461LH UT WOS:000267268000006 PM 19415122 ER PT J AU Hu, X Jiang, XH Lenz, DE Cerasoli, DM Wallqvist, A AF Hu, Xin Jiang, Xiaohui Lenz, David E. Cerasoli, Douglas M. Wallqvist, Anders TI In silico analyses of substrate interactions with human serum paraoxonase 1 SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE human paraoxonase; bioscavengers; lactonase; esterase; phosphotriesterase; homology modeling; docking; molecular dynamics simulations; binding free energy decomposition ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FREE-ENERGIES; ACTIVE-SITE; PON1; BINDING; ORGANOPHOSPHATES; EXPRESSION; LACTONASE; STABILITY; EVOLUTION AB Human paraoxonase (HuPON1) is a serum enzyme that exhibits a broad spectrum of hydrolytic activities, including the hydrolysis of various organo-phosphates, esters, and recently identified lactone substrates. Despite intensive site-directed mutagenesis and other biological studies, the structural basis for the specificity of substrate interactions of HuPON1 remains elusive. In this study, we apply homology modeling, docking, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to probe the binding interactions of HuPON1 with representative substrates. The results suggest that the active site of HuPON1 is characterized by two distinct binding regions: the hydrophobic binding site for arylesters/lactones, and the paraoxon binding site for phosphotriesters. The unique binding modes proposed for each type of substrate reveal a number of key residues governing substrate specificity. The polymorphic residue R/Q192 interacts with the leaving group of paraoxon, suggesting it plays an important role in the proper positioning of this substrate in the active site. MD simulations of the optimal binding complexes show that residue Y71 undergoes an "open-closed" conformational change upon ligand binding, and forms strong interactions with substrates. Further binding free energy calculations and residual decomposition give a more refined molecular view of the energetics and origin of HuPON1/substrate interactions. These studies provide a theoretical model of substrate binding and specificity associated with wild type and mutant forms of HuPON1, which can be applied in the rational design of HuPON1 variants as bioscavengers with enhanced catalytic activity. C1 [Hu, Xin; Jiang, Xiaohui; Wallqvist, Anders] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Lenz, David E.; Cerasoli, Douglas M.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Physiol & Immunol Branch, Div Res, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Wallqvist, A (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM awallqvist@bioanalysis.org OI wallqvist, anders/0000-0002-9775-7469 NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 2 BP 486 EP 498 DI 10.1002/prot.22264 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 418SP UT WOS:000264169400020 PM 18951406 ER PT J AU West, JC Wilk, JE Rae, DS Muszynski, IS Stipec, MR Alter, CL Sanders, KE Crystal, S Regier, DA AF West, Joyce C. Wilk, Joshua E. Rae, Donald S. Muszynski, Irvin S. Stipec, Maritza Rubio Alter, Carol L. Sanders, Karen E. Crystal, Stephen Regier, Darrel A. TI Medicaid Prescription Drug Policies and Medication Access and Continuity: Findings From Ten States SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID ASSERTIVE COMMUNITY TREATMENT; ELIGIBLE PSYCHIATRIC-PATIENTS; ANTIPSYCHOTIC MEDICATIONS; CLAIMS DATA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; OUTCOMES; HEALTH; COSTS; ADHERENCE; BENEFITS AB Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare medication access problems among psychiatric patients in ten state Medicaid programs, assess adverse events associated with medication access problems, and determine whether prescription drug utilization management is associated with access problems and adverse events. Methods: Psychiatrists from the American Medical Association's Masterfile were randomly selected (N=4,866). Sixty-two percent responded; 32% treated Medicaid patients and were randomly assigned a start day and time to report on two Medicaid patients (N=1,625 patients). Results: A medication access problem in the past year was reported for a mean +/- SE of 48.3%+/- 2.0% of the patients, with a 37.6% absolute difference between states with the lowest and highest rates (p<.001). The most common access problems were not being able to access clinically indicated medication refills or new prescriptions because Medicaid would not cover or approve them (34.0% +/- 1.9%), prescribing a medication not clinically preferred because clinically indicated or preferred medications were not covered or approved (29.4% +/- 1.8%), and discontinuing medications as a result of prescription drug coverage or management issues (25.8% +/- 1.6%). With patient case mix adjusted to control for sociodemographic and clinical confounders, patients with medication access problems had 3.6 times greater likelihood of adverse events (p<.001), including emergency visits, hospitalizations, homelessness, suicidal ideation or behavior, or incarceration. Also, all prescription drug management features were significantly associated with increased medication access problems and adverse events (p<.001). States with more access problems had significantly higher adverse event rates (p<.001). Conclusions: These associations indicate that more effective Medicaid prescription drug management and financing practices are needed to promote medication continuity and improve treatment outcomes. (Psychiatric Services 60: 601-610, 2009) C1 [West, Joyce C.; Rae, Donald S.; Stipec, Maritza Rubio; Regier, Darrel A.] Amer Psychiat Inst Res & Educ, Psychiat Practice Res Network, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Muszynski, Irvin S.; Sanders, Karen E.] Amer Psychiat Assoc, Div Healthcare Syst & Finance, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Wilk, Joshua E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Alter, Carol L.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC USA. [Crystal, Stephen] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Pharmacotherapy, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP West, JC (reprint author), Amer Psychiat Inst Res & Educ, Psychiat Practice Res Network, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. EM jwest@psych.org FU American Psychiatric Foundation; National Institute of Mental Health; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [U18HS016097]; Rutgers University's Center for Education; Research on Mental Health Therapeutics; AstraZeneca; Bristol- Myers Squibb; Eli Lilly and Company; Forest; Janssen; Pfizer; Wyeth FX This study was funded by grants from the American Psychiatric Foundation (APF), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality under subcontract U18HS016097 with Rutgers University's Center for Education and Research on Mental Health Therapeutics. Although a consortium of industry supporters, including AstraZeneca, Bristol- Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Company, Forest, Janssen, Pfizer, and Wyeth, provided financial support to APF for this research, APIRE had complete discretion and control over the design and conduct of this study and the analyses of the resulting database. Input or comments on the manuscript were neither solicited nor obtained from benefactors before the manuscript was submitted for consideration. NR 41 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIAT SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 60 IS 5 BP 601 EP 610 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 439YP UT WOS:000265664200006 PM 19411346 ER PT J AU Wright, KM Cabrera, OA Bliese, PD Adler, AB Hoge, CW Castro, CA AF Wright, Kathleen M. Cabrera, Oscar A. Bliese, Paul D. Adler, Amy B. Hoge, Charles W. Castro, Carl A. TI Stigma and Barriers to Care in Soldiers Postcombat SO PSYCHOLOGICAL SERVICES LA English DT Article DE stigma; barriers to care; combat soldiers; organizational climate; leadership AB The present study examined the effects of leadership and unit cohesion on mental health stigma and perceived barriers to care. A sample of 680 soldiers from combat support units were surveyed 3 months after their return from combat operations in Iraq. The survey included scales on psychological symptoms and perceptions of leader behaviors and unit cohesion, as well as items assessing stigma and barriers to care. The sample was used to test the independent and interactive effects of leadership and unit cohesion on soldiers' perceptions of stigma and barriers to care. Analyses yielded significant interaction effects between leadership and cohesion in predicting stigma and barriers to care, while controlling for the effects of mental health symptoms. Soldiers who rated their leaders more highly and who reported higher unit cohesion also reported lower scores on both stigma and perceived barriers to care. Thus, positive leadership and unit cohesion can reduce perceptions of stigma and barriers to care, even after accounting for the relationship between mental health symptoms and these outcomes. C1 [Wright, Kathleen M.; Cabrera, Oscar A.; Adler, Amy B.] US Army Med Res Unit Europe, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Heidelberg, Germany. [Bliese, Paul D.; Hoge, Charles W.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Castro, Carl A.] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Wright, KM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Unit Europe, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, CMR 442,Box 94, APO, AE 09042 USA. EM kathleen.wright@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1541-1559 J9 PSYCHOL SERV JI Psychol. Serv. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 6 IS 2 BP 108 EP 116 DI 10.1037/a0012620 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA V17YA UT WOS:000207971300002 ER PT J AU McMenamin, BW Shackman, AJ Maxwell, JS Greischar, LL Davidson, RJ AF McMenamin, Brenton W. Shackman, Alexander J. Maxwell, Jeffrey S. Greischar, Lawrence L. Davidson, Richard J. TI Validation of regression-based myogenic correction techniques for scalp and source-localized EEG SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Electromyography (EMG); Electroencephalography (EEG); Emotion; Affective neuroscience; Methodology; Facial muscles; Frontal asymmetry; LORETA; Source localization ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; RESOLUTION ELECTROMAGNETIC TOMOGRAPHY; EMOTIONAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; BLIND SOURCE SEPARATION; CEREBRAL ASYMMETRY; MUSCLE ARTIFACTS; EPILEPTIC FOCUS; FUNCTIONAL MRI; WORKING-MEMORY; POWER SPECTRUM AB EEG and EEG source-estimation are susceptible to electromyographic artifacts (EMG) generated by the cranial muscles. EMG can mask genuine effects or masquerade as a legitimate effect-even in low frequencies, such as alpha (8-13 Hz). Although regression-based correction has been used previously, only cursory attempts at validation exist, and the utility for source-localized data is unknown. To address this, EEG was recorded from 17 participants while neurogenic and myogenic activity were factorially varied. We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of four regression-based techniques: between-subjects, between-subjects using difference-scores, within-subjects condition-wise, and within-subject epoch-wise on the scalp and in data modeled using the LORETA algorithm. Although within-subject epoch-wise showed superior performance on the scalp, no technique succeeded in the source-space. Aside from validating the novel epoch-wise methods on the scalp, we highlight methods requiring further development. C1 [McMenamin, Brenton W.] Univ MinnesotaTwin Cities, St Paul, MN USA. [Shackman, Alexander J.; Maxwell, Jeffrey S.; Greischar, Lawrence L.; Davidson, Richard J.] Univ Wisconsin, Lab Affect Neurosci, Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Maxwell, Jeffrey S.] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP McMenamin, BW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Lab Affect Neurosci, Waisman Lab Brain Imaging & Behav, 1202 W Johnson St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mcmen020@umn.edu; rjdavids@wisc.edu RI Maxwell, Jeffrey/D-2482-2009; Shackman, Alexander/B-3458-2009; OI Shackman, Alexander/0000-0002-3629-4704 FU National Institutes of Health [R01-MH43454] FX We gratefully thank Andrew Fox for his feedback on early drafts of the paper. This project was supported by National Institutes of Health grant R01-MH43454 to R.J.D. NR 87 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 10 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0048-5772 J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY JI Psychophysiology PD MAY PY 2009 VL 46 IS 3 BP 578 EP 592 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2009.00787.x PG 15 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 430SG UT WOS:000265008200016 PM 19298626 ER PT J AU Chung, EM Cube, R Hall, GJ Gonzalez, C Stocker, JT Glassman, LM AF Chung, Ellen M. Cube, Regino Hall, Gregory J. Gonzalez, Candela Stocker, J. Thomas Glassman, Leonard M. TI From the Archives of the AFIP Breast Masses in Children and Adolescents: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation SO RADIOGRAPHICS LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOANGIOMATOUS STROMAL HYPERPLASIA; GRANULAR-CELL TUMOR; OF-THE-LITERATURE; JUVENILE PAPILLOMATOSIS; PHYLLODES TUMORS; METASTATIC RHABDOMYOSARCOMA; CYSTOSARCOMA PHYLLOIDES; VASCULAR BIRTHMARKS; US FINDINGS; BENIGN AB The spectrum of breast lesions in children and adolescents varies markedly from that for adults, with the former lesions being overwhelmingly benign. A breast mass in a young boy or girl may arise from normal and abnormal breast development. Other causes of masses include infection, trauma, and cyst formation. After onset of puberty, most cases of breast enlargement arise from benign fibroadenoma in girls and gynecomastia in boys. These conditions have specific imaging appearances, although juvenile (often giant) fibroadenoma cannot be distinguished from phyllodes tumor, which can be benign or malignant. In children, both conditions usually appear as well-circumscribed, hypoechoic masses at sonography and show diffuse enhancement except for nonenhancing septations at magnetic resonance imaging. A diagnosis of juvenile papillomatosis (a benign lesion) portends later development of breast cancer, and patients with this condition should be closely monitored. Malignant lesions of the breast in children are rare. The most common malignant lesions are metastases and are usually associated with widespread disease. The most common primary breast malignancy is malignant phyllodes tumor. Primary breast carcinoma is exceedingly rare in the pediatric age group, but its imaging appearance in children is the same as seen in adults and is different from that of almost all benign lesions. In girls, diagnostic interventions may injure the developing breast and cause subsequent disfigurement. Given this risk and the low prevalence of malignant disease in this population, a prudent course should be followed in the diagnosis of breast lesions. Imaging findings are very helpful for selecting patients for further diagnostic procedures. Although malignancy is rare, lesions with suspicious imaging findings or progressive growth should be subjected to cytologic or histologic examination. radiographics.rsnajnls.org C1 [Chung, Ellen M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Stocker, J. Thomas] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Cube, Regino] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Hall, Gregory J.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Natl Capitol Radiol Consortium, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hall, Gregory J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Gonzalez, Candela] Hosp Univ Nuestra Senora Candelaira, Dept Radiol, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Island, Spain. [Glassman, Leonard M.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. [Glassman, Leonard M.] Washington Radiol Associates, Washington, DC USA. RP Chung, EM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM echung@usuhs.mil NR 91 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMERICA PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0271-5333 J9 RADIOGRAPHICS JI Radiographics PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 3 BP 907 EP 931 DI 10.1148/rg.293095010 PG 25 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 455UC UT WOS:000266790800022 PM 19448124 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Strassels, SA Kurihara, C Crooks, MT Erdek, MA Forsythe, A Marcuson, M AF Cohen, Steven P. Strassels, Scott A. Kurihara, Connie Crooks, Matthew T. Erdek, Michael A. Forsythe, Akara Marcuson, Matthew TI Outcome Predictors for Sacroiliac Joint (Lateral Branch) Radiofrequency Denervation SO REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; LUMBOSACRAL RADICULOPATHY; MULTICENTER ANALYSIS; PROVOCATION TESTS; RISK-FACTORS; THERAPY; FAILURE; SUCCESS; INJECTIONS; NEUROTOMY AB Background and Objective: Sacroiliac (SI) joint pain is a challenging condition characterized by limited treatment options. Recently, numerous studies have reported excellent intermediate-term outcomes after lateral-branch radiofrequency (RF) denervation, but these studies are characterized by wide variability in technique, selection criteria, and patient characteristics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether any demographic or clinical variables can be used to predict SI joint RF denervation outcome. Methods: Seventy-seven patients with refractory, injection-confirmed SI joint pain underwent SI joint denervation at 2 academic institutions. A composite binary variable "Successful" outcome was predefined as greater than 50% reduction in pain lasting at least 6 months Coupled with a positive global perceived effect. Secondary Outcome measures included Oswestry Disability Index scores, medication reduction, and retention on active duty for soldiers. Factors retrospectively evaluated for their association with outcome included demographic variables, duration of pain, opioid usage, pain referral pattern, physical examination signs, number of blocks and percentage of pain relief after SI joint injection, prognostic lateral-branch blocks, previous surgery.. levels lesioned, RF technique, disability status, and coexisting medical conditions. Results: Forty patients (52%) obtained a positive outcome. In multivariate analysis, preprocedure pain intensity, age older than 65 years, and pain radiating below the knee were significant predictors of failure. A trend was noted whereby patients receiving regular opioid therapy were more likely to experience a negative outcome. The use of cooled, rather than conventional RF, was associated with a higher percentage of positive outcomes. Conclusions: Whereas several factors were found to influence outcome, no single clinical variable reliably predicted treatment results. The use of more stringent selection criteria was not associated with better outcomes. C1 [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Strassels, Scott A.] Univ Texas Austin, Div Pharm Practice, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Kurihara, Connie] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pain Management Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Crooks, Matthew T.; Erdek, Michael A.; Forsythe, Akara] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Marcuson, Matthew] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21029 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu FU John P. Murtha Neuroscience and Pain Institute, Johnstown, PA; Army Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine Initiative, Washington. DC FX Funded in part by a congressional grant from the John P. Murtha Neuroscience and Pain Institute, Johnstown, PA, and the Army Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine Initiative, Washington. DC. NR 44 TC 45 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-7339 EI 1532-8651 J9 REGION ANESTH PAIN M JI Region. Anesth. Pain Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 34 IS 3 BP 206 EP 214 DI 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181958f4b PG 9 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 444FH UT WOS:000265965600006 PM 19587617 ER PT J AU Smith, R AF Smith, Roger TI R&D IN THE FINANCIAL CRISIS SO RESEARCH-TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Smith, Roger] USA, Simulat Training & Instrumentat, Orlando, FL USA. RP Smith, R (reprint author), USA, Simulat Training & Instrumentat, Orlando, FL USA. EM rdsmith@modelbenders.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INST, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 2200 CLARENDON BLVD, STE 1102, ARLINGTON, VA 22201 USA SN 0895-6308 J9 RES TECHNOL MANAGE JI Res.-Technol. Manage. PD MAY-JUN PY 2009 VL 52 IS 3 BP 9 EP 11 PG 3 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Business & Economics; Engineering GA 439VC UT WOS:000265654400005 ER PT J AU Willis, Z Jensen, R Burnett, W AF Willis, Zdenka Jensen, Robert Burnett, William TI The First National Operational Wave Observation Plan A Comprehensive Surface-Wave Monitoring Network That Addresses the Requirements of the Maritime User Community SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Willis, Zdenka] NOAA, Integrated Ocean Observing Syst Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Jensen, Robert] USA, Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Burnett, William] NOAA, Natl Data Buoy Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA. RP Willis, Z (reprint author), NOAA, Integrated Ocean Observing Syst Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD MAY PY 2009 VL 50 IS 5 BP 41 EP 45 PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 450VT UT WOS:000266430000006 ER PT J AU Picchioni, D AF Picchioni, Dante TI Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Narcolepsy to Study the Limbic Mechanisms of Cataplexy SO SLEEP LA English DT Editorial Material ID SLEEP-WAKE CYCLE; REM-SLEEP; AMYGDALA; PET C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Picchioni, D (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM dante.picchioni@amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD MAY 1 PY 2009 VL 32 IS 5 BP 581 EP 582 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 438FS UT WOS:000265541900001 PM 19480221 ER PT J AU Vythilingam, M Nelson, EE Scaramozza, M Waldeck, T Hazlett, G Southwick, SM Pine, DS Drevets, W Charney, DS Ernst, M AF Vythilingam, Meena Nelson, Eric E. Scaramozza, Matthew Waldeck, Tracy Hazlett, Gary Southwick, Steven M. Pine, Daniel S. Drevets, Wayne Charney, Dennis S. Ernst, Monique TI Reward circuitry in resilience to severe trauma: An fMRI investigation of resilient special forces soldiers SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article DE Reward; Resilience; Trauma; Posttraumatic stress disorder ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; NEURAL RESPONSES; VISUALIZATION; VOLUMES AB Enhanced brain reward function could contribute to resilience to trauma. Reward circuitry in active duty, resilient special forces (SF) soldiers was evaluated using functional magnetic resonance imaging during a monetary incentive delay task. Findings in this group of resilient individuals revealed unique patterns of activation during expectation of reward in the subgenual prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens area, regions pivotal to reward processes. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Vythilingam, Meena; Nelson, Eric E.; Scaramozza, Matthew; Waldeck, Tracy; Pine, Daniel S.; Drevets, Wayne; Ernst, Monique] NIMH, Mood & Anxiety Disorders Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hazlett, Gary] John F Kennedy Special Warfare Training & Sch, Psychol Applicat Directorate, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Southwick, Steven M.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Charney, Dennis S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Vythilingam, M (reprint author), 15 K N Dr,Rm 111,MSC 2670, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM meena.vythi@nih.gov RI Nelson, Eric/B-8980-2008 OI Nelson, Eric/0000-0002-3376-2453 FU National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Mental Health FX The authors acknowledge Kayleen Hadd, M.S.N. and Rajni Agarwal, M.A., for help with subject evaluations, Brian Pardoe (BP) and Mark Hickey (MH) for help with recruitment of the special force soldiers and C. Andrew Morgan III, M.D. for facilitating the study. This research was supported by the Intramural Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0925-4927 J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging PD APR 30 PY 2009 VL 172 IS 1 BP 75 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2008.06.008 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 434AI UT WOS:000265247200012 PM 19243926 ER PT J AU Bednar, AJ AF Bednar, A. J. TI Determination of vanadium by reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE Vanadium; Chloride and sulfur interference; Reaction cell; ICP-MS ID ICP-MS; INTERFERENCES; SPECIATION; CHROMIUM; SYSTEM AB Recent advances in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) have included the addition of interference reduction technologies, such as collision and reaction cells, to improve its detection capability for certain elements that suffer from polyatomic interferences. The principle behind reaction cell (RC)-ICP-MS is to remove a particular polyatomic interference by dissociation or formation of a different polyatomic species that no longer interferes with the analyte of interest. However, some interferences cannot be removed by commonly reported reaction gases, such as hydrogen, oxygen, or methane, necessitating using more reactive and hazardous gases, such as ammonia. The current study investigates oxygen as a reaction gas in RC-ICP-MS to specifically react with vanadium analyte ions. rather than the interferents, to produce a polyatomic analyte species and thereby provide a way to analyze for vanadium in complex environmental matrices. The technique has been tested on a series of river water tap water and synthetic laboratory samples, and shown to be successful in vanadium analyses in high chloride and sulfate matrices. The zinc isobaric interference on the new vanadium oxide analyte at m/z 67 is also investigated, and can be corrected by using a standard mathematical correction equation. The results of this study further increase the utility of RC-ICP-MS analytical techniques for complex environmental matrices. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Bednar, AJ (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD APR 30 PY 2009 VL 78 IS 2 BP 453 EP 457 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2008.11.036 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 416ZF UT WOS:000264043400019 PM 19203608 ER PT J AU Lewis, JA Szilagyi, M Gehman, E Dennis, WE Jackson, DA AF Lewis, John A. Szilagyi, Maria Gehman, Elizabeth Dennis, William E. Jackson, David A. TI Distinct patterns of gene and protein expression elicited by organophosphorus pesticides in Caenorhabditis elegans SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID LIFE-SPAN; C-ELEGANS; INTERMEDIATE-FILAMENT; DIETARY RESTRICTION; STRESS RESISTANCE; CULTURE METHODS; IN-VITRO; NEMATODE; GROWTH; MECHANISM AB Background: The wide use of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides makes them an important public health concern. Persistent effects of exposure and the mechanism of neuronal degeneration are continuing issues in OP toxicology. To elucidate early steps in the mechanisms of OP toxicity, we studied alterations in global gene and protein expression in Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to OPs using microarrays and mass spectrometry. We tested two structurally distinct OPs (dichlorvos and fenamiphos) and employed a mechanistically different third neurotoxicant, mefloquine, as an out-group for analysis. Treatment levels used concentrations of chemical sufficient to prevent the development of 10%, 50% or 90% of mid-vulval L4 larvae into early gravid adults (EGA) at 24 h after exposure in a defined, bacteria-free medium. Results: After 8 h of exposure, the expression of 87 genes responded specifically to OP treatment. The abundance of 34 proteins also changed in OP-exposed worms. Many of the genes and proteins affected by the OPs are expressed in neuronal and muscle tissues and are involved in lipid metabolism, cell adhesion, apoptosis/cell death, and detoxification. Twenty-two genes were differentially affected by the two OPs; a large proportion of these genes encode cytochrome P450s, UDP-glucuronosyl/UDP-glucosyltransferases, or P-glycoproteins. The abundance of transcripts and the proteins they encode were well correlated. Conclusion: Exposure to OPs elicits a pattern of changes in gene expression in exposed worms distinct from that of the unrelated neurotoxicant, mefloquine. The functional roles and the tissue location of the genes and proteins whose expression is modulated in response to exposure is consistent with the known effects of OPs, including damage to muscle due to persistent hypercontraction, neuronal cell death, and phase I and phase II detoxification. Further, the two different OPs evoked distinguishable changes in gene expression; about half the differences are in genes involved in detoxification, likely reflecting differences in the chemical structure of the two OPs. Changes in the expression of a number of sequences of unknown function were also discovered, and these molecules could provide insight into novel mechanisms of OP toxicity or adaptation in future studies. C1 [Lewis, John A.; Dennis, William E.; Jackson, David A.] USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Szilagyi, Maria] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gehman, Elizabeth] Battelle Natl Biodef Inst, Frederick, MD USA. RP Lewis, JA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD USA. EM john.a.lewis1@us.army.mil; Szilagyi.Maria@epamail.epa.gov; gehmane@nbacc.net; william.e.dennis@us.army.mil; david.a.jackson2@us.army.mil RI Jackson, David/E-9984-2014 FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Military Operational Medicine Research Program FX Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U. S. Army or the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. The research was sponsored by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Military Operational Medicine Research Program. Citations of commercial organizations or trade names in this report do not constitute an official Department of the Army endorsement or approval of the products or services of these organizations. The authors wish to thank Dr. Marianne Vahey and staff at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Vaccine Genomics Laboratory for their gracious and exemplary support in microarray processing and Alan Rosencrance for analysis of chemical concentrations. We also thank Dr. James F. Dillman for critical review of the manuscript. NR 85 TC 12 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD APR 29 PY 2009 VL 10 AR 202 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-10-202 PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 456PL UT WOS:000266859200001 PM 19402892 ER PT J AU Shkuratov, SI Baird, J Talantsev, EF Altgilbers, LL AF Shkuratov, Sergey I. Baird, Jason Talantsev, Evgueni F. Altgilbers, Larry L. TI Electric discharge caused by expanding armatures in flux compression generators SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE discharges (electric); pulse generators; pulsed power supplies ID PRIMARY POWER AB In this letter, we experimentally demonstrate that explosively driven expansion of metallic armature of the magnetic flux compression generator (FCG) plays a dominant role in the formation of plasma and electric discharge initiation inside the FCG. C1 [Shkuratov, Sergey I.; Baird, Jason] Loki Inc, RMERC Facil, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Talantsev, Evgueni F.] Pulsed Power LLC, Lubbock, TX 79416 USA. [Altgilbers, Larry L.] USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Army Forces Strateg Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Shkuratov, SI (reprint author), Loki Inc, RMERC Facil, 1006 Kingshighway, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM shkuratov@lokiconsult.com OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 27 PY 2009 VL 94 IS 17 AR 171502 DI 10.1063/1.3127525 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 440ZP UT WOS:000265738700019 ER PT J AU Ter-Gabrielyan, N Dubinskii, M Newburgh, GA Michael, A Merkle, LD AF Ter-Gabrielyan, Nikolay Dubinskii, Mark Newburgh, G. Alex Michael, Arockiasamy Merkle, Larry D. TI Temperature Dependence of a Diode-Pumped Cryogenic Er:YAG Laser SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE LASERS; EMISSION CROSS-SECTIONS; YTTRIUM ALUMINUM GARNET; STIMULATED-EMISSION; ENERGY-LEVELS; ND-YAG; YB-YAG; ER3; ABSORPTION; CRYSTALS AB We report the laser performance of resonantly diode-pumped Er:YAG from liquid nitrogen temperature to above room temperature. Relative to incident pump power, the best performance was observed at approximately 160 K. Spectroscopy and modeling show that this is due primarily to the changing efficiency of diode pump absorption as the absorption lines broaden with temperature. However, the physics of the Er: YAG system indicates that even with arbitrarily narrow pump linewidth the most efficient laser performance should occur at a temperature somewhat above 77 K. The causes of the temperature dependence are at least qualitatively understood. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Ter-Gabrielyan, Nikolay; Dubinskii, Mark; Newburgh, G. Alex; Michael, Arockiasamy; Merkle, Larry D.] USA, Res Lab, Attn AMSRD ARL SE EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Merkle, LD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Attn AMSRD ARL SE EO, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM larry.d.merkle@us.army.mil FU High Energy Lasers Joint Technology Office FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this work from the High Energy Lasers Joint Technology Office. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD APR 27 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 9 BP 7159 EP 7169 DI 10.1364/OE.17.007159 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA 450DR UT WOS:000266381700029 PM 19399092 ER PT J AU Danylov, AA Goyette, TM Waldman, J Coulombe, MJ Gatesman, AJ Giles, RH Goodhue, WD Qian, XF Nixon, WE AF Danylov, Andriy A. Goyette, Thomas M. Waldman, Jerry Coulombe, Michael J. Gatesman, Andrew J. Giles, Robert H. Goodhue, William D. Qian, Xifeng Nixon, William E. TI Frequency stabilization of a single mode terahertz quantum cascade laser to the kilohertz level SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID PHASE AB A simple analog locking circuit was shown to stabilize the beat signal between a 2.408 THz quantum cascade laser and a CH2DOH THz CO2 optically pumped molecular laser to 3-4 kHz (FWHM). This is approximately a tenth of the observed long-term (t similar to sec) linewidth of the optically pumped laser showing that the feedback loop corrects for much of the mechanical and acoustic-induced frequency jitter of the gas laser. The achieved stability should be sufficient to enable the use of THz quantum cascade lasers as transmitters in short-range coherent transceivers. (c) 2009 Optical Society of America C1 [Danylov, Andriy A.; Goyette, Thomas M.; Waldman, Jerry; Coulombe, Michael J.; Gatesman, Andrew J.; Giles, Robert H.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Submillimeter Wave Technol Lab, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Goodhue, William D.; Qian, Xifeng] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Photon Ctr, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Nixon, William E.] USA, Natl Ground Intelligence Ctr, Charlottesville, VA 22911 USA. RP Danylov, AA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Phys & Appl Phys, Submillimeter Wave Technol Lab, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM Andriy_Danylov@student.uml.edu FU U. S. Army National Ground Intelligence Center FX We are grateful to K. Linden from Spire Corporation for fabricating the THz QCL for this experiment. This work was supported by the U. S. Army National Ground Intelligence Center. NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD APR 27 PY 2009 VL 17 IS 9 BP 7525 EP 7532 DI 10.1364/OE.17.007525 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 450DR UT WOS:000266381700067 PM 19399130 ER PT J AU Modanlou, KA Muthyala, U Xiao, HL Schnitzler, MA Salvalaggio, PR Brennan, DC Abbott, KC Graff, RJ Lentine, KL AF Modanlou, Kian A. Muthyala, Umadevi Xiao, Huiling Schnitzler, Mark A. Salvalaggio, Paolo R. Brennan, Daniel C. Abbott, Kevin C. Graff, Ralph J. Lentine, Krista L. TI Bariatric Surgery Among Kidney Transplant Candidates and Recipients: Analysis of the United States Renal Data System and Literature Review SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th American Transplant Congress CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2008 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Amer Soc Transplantat DE Bariatric surgery; Kidney transplantation; Medicare; Mortality; Weight loss ID PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; ROUX-EN-Y; OPEN GASTRIC BYPASS; BODY-MASS-INDEX; MORBIDLY OBESE-PATIENTS; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; CLINICAL-TRIAL; WEIGHT-LOSS; FOLLOW-UP; OUTCOMES AB Background. Limited data exist on the safety and efficacy of bariatric surgery (BS) in patients with kidney failure. Methods. We examined Medicare billing claims within USRDS registry data (1991-2004) to identify BS cases among renal allograft candidates and recipients. Results. Of 188 BS cases, 72 were performed pre-listing, 29 on the waitlist, and 87 post-transplant. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was the most common procedure. Thirty-day mortality after BS performed on the waitlist and post-transplant was 3.5%, and one transplant recipient lost their graft within 30 days after BS. BM I data were available for a subset and suggested median excess body weight loss of 31%-61%. Comparison to published clinical trials of BS in populations without kidney disease indicates comparable weight loss but higher post-BS mortality in the USRDS sample. Conclusions. Given the substantial contributions of obesity to excess morbidity and mortality, BS warrants prospective study as a strategy for improving outcomes before and after kidney transplantation. C1 [Lentine, Krista L.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, Salus Ctr, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Modanlou, Kian A.; Salvalaggio, Paolo R.; Graff, Ralph J.] St Louis Univ, Div Abdominal Organ Transplantat, Dept Surg, Med Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Lentine, Krista L.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, St Louis, MO USA. [Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Brennan, Daniel C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, St Louis, MO USA. RP Lentine, KL (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, Salus Ctr, Sch Med, 2nd Floor,3545 Lafayette Ave, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM lentine.krista@stanfordalumni.org OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [K08DK073036, K08 DK073036-03, K08 DK073036, P30 DK079333, P30DK079333] NR 40 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD APR 27 PY 2009 VL 87 IS 8 BP 1167 EP 1173 DI 10.1097/TP.0b013e31819e304 PG 7 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 437BU UT WOS:000265461600011 PM 19384163 ER PT J AU Pestov, D Chen, CC Nelson, JD Anderson, JE Tepper, G AF Pestov, Dmitry Chen, Chien-Cheng Nelson, Jean D. Anderson, John E. Tepper, Gary TI Directed fluorescence sensor element for standoff detection of uranium in soil SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Uranyl; Fluorescence standoff sensor; Directed fluorescence; Silica gel ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; REMOTE-SENSING TECHNIQUE; URANYL GEOLOGIC TARGETS; SELECTIVE DETECTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECIATION; SILICA AB A passive signal enhancement device for the standoff detection of uranium in soil was developed and tested. The device consists of a spherical ball lens half-coated with a polymer-silica gel composite. The nanoporous silica gel, when placed in contact with moist soil, absorbs water and dissolved uranyl ions and significantly enhances the fluorescence intensity of the uranyl. The ball lens focuses the UV excitation energy to the focal point of the lens located within the silica gel layer and directs the resulting fluorescence signal back towards the excitation source. Our results show that this 'Directed Fluorescence' (DF) device can be used to enhance the Uranyl fluorescence signal intensity by more than 200 times. Consequently. the maximum standoff detection distance is increased by more than an order of magnitude. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pestov, Dmitry; Chen, Chien-Cheng; Tepper, Gary] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Nelson, Jean D.; Anderson, John E.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. [Nelson, Jean D.; Anderson, John E.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Fluorescence Spect Lab, Richmond, VA USA. RP Tepper, G (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. EM gtepper@vcu.edu FU US Department of Energy NNSA [DE-FG52-06NA27491] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy NNSA under contract (DE-FG52-06NA27491). NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD APR 24 PY 2009 VL 138 IS 1 BP 134 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2009.02.049 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 439VU UT WOS:000265656300022 ER PT J AU Brevett, CAS Sumpter, KB Pence, J Nickol, RG King, BE Giannaras, CV Durst, HD AF Brevett, Carol A. S. Sumpter, Kenneth B. Pence, John Nickol, Robert G. King, Bruce E. Giannaras, Chris V. Durst, H. Dupont TI Evaporation and Degradation of VX on Silica Sand SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID O-ETHYL METHYLPHOSPHONOTHIOATE; CONTAINING PRODUCTS; CONCRETE; HD; GD; HYDROLYSIS; ASPHALT; FATE; SOIL AB The evaporation and degradation of VX (O-ethyl S-[2-N,N-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate) on silica sand and borosilicate glass were measured using vapor analysis and IT solid state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (SSMAS NMR) spectroscopy. IT SSMAS NMR studies of VX degradation on crushed glass, air-dried sand, and oven-dried sand at a variety of temperatures showed that the final product was nontoxic ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA), produced via the toxic diethyl dimethylpyrophosphonate intermediate. The reaction exhibited a lag time that depended upon the quantity of water and EMPA that were present in the initial sample of VX and was autocatalytic; EMPA was both the catalyst and product for the degradation of VX. (31)P SSMAS NMR studies of VX on moist sand at a variety of temperatures showed that the final product was nontoxic EMPA; observed intermediates were protonated VX, O-ethyl methylphosphonothioic acid, and toxic EA-2192 (S-[2-NN-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioic acid). The VX degradation mechanism differed on the moist and dry surfaces; the activation energies were 80 kJ/mol on moist sand and similar to 46 kJ/mol on glass, air-dried, and oven-dried sand. The VX degradation rate was 5 to 9 times slower on moist sand than on air-dried sand. Analysis of the vapor emitted showed that the maximum vapor concentration coincided with the maximum surface area of the droplets, which was at similar to 300 min. After four days, no further change in the concentration of vapor emitted was detected; approximately 9% of the incident VX drop on sand and similar to 60% of the incident VX drop on glass had been recovered as VX vapor. C1 [Brevett, Carol A. S.; Pence, John; Nickol, Robert G.; Giannaras, Chris V.] SAIC, Gunpowder, MD 21010 USA. [Sumpter, Kenneth B.; King, Bruce E.; Durst, H. Dupont] USA, Res & Technol Directorate, ECBC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Brevett, CAS (reprint author), SAIC, POB 68, Gunpowder, MD 21010 USA. FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [DAAD-1303-D-0017] FX The authors thank Drs. James Savage and ;Mark Brickhouse, for programmatic support. The work described in this report was performed under SAIC Contract No DAAD-1303-D-0017 with funding from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under project BA07TAS041. The authors acknowledge Mr. Carroll Cook and Mr. Joe Myers for assistance with the agent operations, and Dr. George Wagner for many useful discussions. NR 22 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD APR 23 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 16 BP 6622 EP 6633 DI 10.1021/jp8111099 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 435ZV UT WOS:000265383300042 ER PT J AU Spring, MD Cummings, JF Ockenhouse, CF Dutta, S Reidler, R Angov, E Bergmann-Leitner, E Stewart, VA Bittner, S Juompan, L Kortepeter, MG Nielsen, R Krzych, U Tierney, E Ware, LA Dowler, M Hermsen, CC Sauerwein, RW de Vlas, SJ Ofori-Anyinam, O Lanar, DE Williams, JL Kester, KE Tucker, K Shi, M Malkin, E Long, C Diggs, CL Soisson, L Dubois, MC Ballou, WR Cohen, J Heppner, DG AF Spring, Michele D. Cummings, James F. Ockenhouse, Christian F. Dutta, Sheetij Reidler, Randall Angov, Evelina Bergmann-Leitner, Elke Stewart, V. Ann Bittner, Stacey Juompan, Laure Kortepeter, Mark G. Nielsen, Robin Krzych, Urszula Tierney, Ev Ware, Lisa A. Dowler, Megan Hermsen, Cornelus C. Sauerwein, Robert W. de Vlas, Sake J. Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua Lanar, David E. Williams, Jack L. Kester, Kent E. Tucker, Kathryn Shi, Meng Malkin, Elissa Long, Carole Diggs, Carter L. Soisson, Lorraine Dubois, Marie-Claude Ballou, W. Ripley Cohen, Joe Heppner, D. Gray, Jr. TI Phase 1/2a Study of the Malaria Vaccine Candidate Apical Membrane Antigen-1 (AMA-1) Administered in Adjuvant System AS01B or AS02A SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background: This Phase 1/2a study evaluated the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of an experimental malaria vaccine comprised of the recombinant Plasmodium falciparum protein apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) representing the 3D7 allele formulated with either the AS01B or AS02A Adjuvant Systems. Methodology/Principal Findings: After a preliminary safety evaluation of low dose AMA-1/AS01B (10 mu g/0.5 mL) in 5 adults, 30 malaria-naive adults were randomly allocated to receive full dose (50 mu g/0.5 mL) of AMA-1/AS01B (n = 15) or AMA-1/AS02A (n = 15), followed by a malaria challenge. All vaccinations were administered intramuscularly on a 0-, 1-, 2-month schedule. All volunteers experienced transient injection site erythema, swelling and pain. Two weeks post-third vaccination, anti-AMA-1 Geometric Mean Antibody Concentrations (GMCs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were high: low dose AMA-1/AS01B 196 mu g/mL (103-371 mu g/mL), full dose AMA-1/AS01B 279 mu g/mL (210-369 mu g/mL) and full dose AMA-1/AS02A 216 mu g/mL (169-276 mu g/mL) with no significant difference among the 3 groups. The three vaccine formulations elicited equivalent functional antibody responses, as measured by growth inhibition assay (GIA), against homologous but not against heterologous (FVO) parasites as well as demonstrable interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) responses. To assess efficacy, volunteers were challenged with P. falciparum-infected mosquitoes, and all became parasitemic, with no significant difference in the prepatent period by either light microscopy or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). However, a small but significant reduction of parasitemia in the AMA-1/AS02A group was seen with a statistical model employing qPCR measurements. Significance: All three vaccine formulations were found to be safe and highly immunogenic. These immune responses did not translate into significant vaccine efficacy in malaria-naive adults employing a primary sporozoite challenge model, but encouragingly, estimation of parasite growth rates from qPCR data may suggest a partial biological effect of the vaccine. Further evaluation of the immunogenicity and efficacy of the AMA-1/AS02A formulation is ongoing in a malaria-experienced pediatric population in Mali. RP Spring, MD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM michele.spring@us.army.mil RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011; Spring, Michele/B-3564-2011; Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; Sauerwein, Robert/C-8519-2013; Nielsen, Robin/B-6811-2011; Hermsen, C.C./L-4368-2015 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956; FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 45 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 23 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 4 AR e5254 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0005254 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 437VE UT WOS:000265514200003 PM 19390585 ER PT J AU Sherner, JH AF Sherner, John H. TI Rapid Response Team Implementation and Hospital Mortality Rates SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sherner, JH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM john.sherner@amedd.army.mil NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 22 PY 2009 VL 301 IS 16 BP 1658 EP 1659 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 435NN UT WOS:000265350700019 PM 19383955 ER PT J AU Epstein, TM Samanta, U Kirby, SD Cerasoli, DM Bahnson, BJ AF Epstein, Todd M. Samanta, Uttamkumar Kirby, Stephen D. Cerasoli, Douglas M. Bahnson, Brian J. TI Crystal Structures of Brain Group-VIII Phospholipase A2 in Nonaged Complexes with the Organophosphorus Nerve Agents Soman and Sarin SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; ANHYDRIDE HYDROLASE ACTIVITY; FACTOR ACETYLHYDROLASE; HUMAN BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; HUMAN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SERUM PARAOXONASE; REACTION-PRODUCTS; TRANSITION-STATE; ACTIVE-CENTER AB Insecticide and nerve agent organophosphorus (OP) compounds are potent inhibitors of the serine hydrolase superfamily of enzymes. Nerve agents, such as sarin, soman, tabun, and VX exert their toxicity by inhibiting human acetycholinesterase at nerve synapses. Following the initial phosphonylation of the active site serine, the enzyme may reactivate spontaneously or through reaction with an appropriate nucleophilic oxime. Alternatively, the enzyme-nerve agent complex can undergo a secondary process, called "aging", which dealkylates the nerve agent adduct and results in a product that is highly resistant to reactivation by any known means. Here we report the structures of paraoxon, soman, and sarin complexes of group-VIII phospholipase A2 from bovine brain. In each case, the crystal structures indicate a nonaged adduct; a stereoselective preference for binding of the P(s)C(s) isomer of soman and the P(s) isomer of sarin was also noted. The stability of the nonaged complexes was corroborated by trypsin digest and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, which indicates nonaged complexes are formed with diisopropylfluorophosphate, soman, and sarin. The P(s) stereoselectivity for reaction with sarin was confirmed by reaction of racemic sarin, followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using a chiral column to separate and quantitate each stereoisomer. The P(s) stereoisomers of soman and sarin are known to be the more toxic stereoisomers, as they react preferentially to inhibit human acetylcholinesterase. The results obtained for nonaged complexes of group-VIII phospholipase A2 are compared to those obtained for other serine hydrolases and discussed to partly explain determinants of OP aging. Furthermore, structural insights can now be exploited to engineer variant versions of this enzyme with enhanced nerve agent binding and hydrolysis functions. C1 [Epstein, Todd M.; Samanta, Uttamkumar; Kirby, Stephen D.; Bahnson, Brian J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Kirby, Stephen D.; Cerasoli, Douglas M.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bahnson, BJ (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM bahnson@Udel.edu FU NIH [2P20RR015588]; National Center for Research Resources; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. [1R01HL084366-A1] FX This work was supported by NIH Grants 2P20RR015588 from the National Center for Research Resources and 1R01HL084366-A1 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD APR 21 PY 2009 VL 48 IS 15 BP 3425 EP 3435 DI 10.1021/bi8023527 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 432YL UT WOS:000265170200019 PM 19271773 ER PT J AU Carragee, EJ Cohen, SP AF Carragee, Eugene J. Cohen, Steven P. TI Lifetime Asymptomatic for Back Pain The Validity of Self-report Measures in Soldiers SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE back pain; disability; military; prevalence; validity ID NECK PAIN; POPULATION; VALIDATION; DISABILITY; PREDICTOR; CANCER; RECALL; KNEE AB Study Design. A 5-year prospective observational study in US Army Reserve soldiers. Objectives. The aims of this study were 2-fold: to evaluate the prevalence of soldiers reporting no previous back pain (BP) on 3 consecutive annual assessments, and to compare these findings to those obtained from a subsequent monthly detailed BP assessment. Summary of Background Data. BP history is a risk factor for future BP and disability. Conversely, subjects reporting a negative history of back troubles are thought to be at low risk for future BP events. Reporting of previous BP is assumed to have high validity. Few studies have critically evaluated the validity of the self-reported "lifetime asymptomatic" status in civilian or military populations. Methods. Two hundred eighty-five special operations reserve soldiers were queried annually using standardized US Army Medical Questionnaires, among whom 154 (54%) reported no BP or history thereof over 3 consecutive years. Over the next 18 months these soldiers completed annual US Army Medical Questionnaires, as well as monthly numerical rating scale pain scores, Oswestry Disability Indexes, and questions regarding back injuries. At the study's conclusion, soldiers again completed the annual medical certificate, and the results of this final BP assessment were compared with those from monthly surveillance reports. Results. During monthly surveillance of purported "lifetime asymptomatic" soldiers, the 18-month cumulative percentages reporting BP scores >= 2, >= 4, and >= 6 were 84%, 64%, and 14%, respectively. For Oswestry Disability Index scores, these percentages were 25% for scores >= 10, and 12% for scores >= 20. Yet, at the conclusion of the 5-year study, 97% soldiers still described themselves as being "asymptomatic for BP problems." Conclusion. In physically active soldiers self-identified as without back problems, the report of BP using frequent surveillance tools is extremely common. The overwhelming majority of these soldiers appeared to have high resilience to common BP episodes (i.e., returned to usual duties). Episodic BP should be considered a normative C1 [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Johns Hopkins Pain Management Div, Baltimore, MD 21029 USA. [Carragee, Eugene J.] Stanford Univ, Dept Orthoped Surg, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Johns Hopkins Pain Management Div, 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21029 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD APR 20 PY 2009 VL 34 IS 9 BP 978 EP 983 DI 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318198d517 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 440DA UT WOS:000265677800018 PM 19532006 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW Goldberg, HM Castro, CA AF Hoge, Charles W. Goldberg, Herb M. Castro, Carl A. TI Care of War Veterans with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury - Flawed Perspectives SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hoge, Charles W.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Goldberg, Herb M.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Battlemind Training Off, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Castro, Carl A.] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Mil Operat Med Res Program, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 5 TC 146 Z9 148 U1 1 U2 4 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 16 PY 2009 VL 360 IS 16 BP 1588 EP 1591 DI 10.1056/NEJMp0810606 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 433BH UT WOS:000265178000002 PM 19369664 ER PT J AU Benavides, LC Gates, JD Carmichael, MG Patel, R Holmes, JP Hueman, MT Mittendorf, EA Craig, D Stojadinovic, A Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Benavides, Linda C. Gates, Jeremy D. Carmichael, Mark G. Patel, Ritesh Holmes, Jarrod P. Hueman, Matthew T. Mittendorf, Elizabeth A. Craig, Dianna Stojadinovic, Alexander Ponniah, Sathibalan Peoples, George E. TI The Impact of HER2/neu Expression Level on Response to the E75 Vaccine: From US Military Cancer Institute Clinical Trials Group Study I-01 and I-02 SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; OVARIAN-CANCER; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CYTOLYTIC ACTIVITY; PEPTIDE VACCINE; T-LYMPHOCYTES; TRASTUZUMAB; HER-2/NEU; RECURRENCE; IMMUNIZATION AB Purpose: HER2/neu, a source of immunogenic peptides, is expressed in > 75% of breast cancer patients. We have conducted clinical trials with the HER2/neu E75 peptide vaccine in breast cancer patients with varying levels of HER2/neu expression. Vaccine response based on HER2/neu expression level was analyzed. Experimental Design: Patients were stratified by HER2/neu expression. Low expressors (n = 100) were defined as HER2/neu immunohistochemistry (IHC) 1(+) to 2(+) or fluorescence in situ hybridization <2.0. Overexpressors (n = 51) were defined as IHC 3(+) or fluorescence in situ hybridization >= 2.0. Additional analyses were done stratifying by IHC status (0-3(+)). Standard clinocopathlogic factors, immunologic response (in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions; ex vivo human leukocyte antigen A2:immunoglobulin G dimer assay), and clinical responses (recurrence; mortality) were assessed. Results: Low-expressor (control, 44; vaccinated, 56) versus overexpressor patients (control, 22; vaccinated, 29) were assessed. Low expressors, overexpressors, and most IHC-status vaccinated groups responded immunologically. Vaccinated low-expressor patients had larger maximum immunologic responses compared with overexpressor patients (P = 0.04), and vaccinated IHC 1(+) patients had increased long-term immune response (P = 0.08). More importantly, compared with controls, low-expressor patients had a mortality reduction (P = 0.08). The largest decrease in mortality was seen in lHC 1(+) patients (P = 0.05). In addition, a subset of overexpressor patients (n = 7) received trastuzumab before vaccination, and this combination seems safe and immunologically beneficial. Conclusions: Most patients with various levels of HER2/neu expression responded immunologically and seemed to benefit from vaccination. The low expressors, specifically IHC 1(+) patients, had more robust immunologic responses and may derive the greatest clinical benefit from the E75 vaccine. C1 [Benavides, Linda C.; Gates, Jeremy D.; Peoples, George E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Carmichael, Mark G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hematol & Med Oncol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Patel, Ritesh; Stojadinovic, Alexander] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Holmes, Jarrod P.; Craig, Dianna] Windber Med Ctr, Joyce Murtha Breast Care Ctr, Windber, PA USA. [Hueman, Matthew T.] USN, San Diego Med Ctr, Dept Hematol & Med Oncol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.; Ponniah, Sathibalan; Peoples, George E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, US Mil Canc Inst, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM george.peoples@amedd.army.mil FU U.S. Military Cancer Institute; Department of Clinical Investigation at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC; Clinical Breast Care Project FX The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. NR 42 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD APR 15 PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 2895 EP 2904 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1126 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 435AC UT WOS:000265314600037 PM 19351776 ER PT J AU Glinka, YD Foreman, JV Everitt, HO Lee, DS Steckl, AJ AF Glinka, Yuri D. Foreman, John V. Everitt, Henry O. Lee, Don S. Steckl, Andrew J. TI Direct and indirect photoluminescence excitation and ultraviolet emission from Tm]-doped AlxGa1-xN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE aluminium compounds; gallium compounds; III-V semiconductors; photoluminescence; thulium; time resolved spectra; wide band gap semiconductors ID TM-DOPED ALXGA1-XN; GAN; LUMINESCENCE AB We provide experimental evidence for direct and indirect excitations of photoluminescence (PL) from Tm-doped AlxGa1-xN of varying Al content. Direct excitation of Tm3+ ions is observed primarily at 85 K through transitions H-3(6)-> I-1(6), P-3(0), P-3(1), and P-3(2) when these levels are below the absorption edge of the AlxGa1-xN for a given Al content. Strong ultraviolet emission at 298 nm (I-1(6)-> H-3(6)), 355 nm (I-1(6)-> F-3(4)), and 371 nm (D-1(2)-> H-3(6)), as well as the familiar blue emission at 463 nm (D-1(2)-> F-3(4)), and 479 nm ((1)G(4)-> H-3(6)), is found to depend sensitively on the Al content, excitation wavelength (i.e., direct or indirect), excitation type (continuous wave versus pulsed), and upper state of the transition. PL excitation spectroscopy and time-integrated and time-resolved PL spectra are compared to elucidate the complex energy transfer pathways. C1 [Glinka, Yuri D.; Foreman, John V.; Everitt, Henry O.] USA, Aviat & Missile RDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. [Glinka, Yuri D.] Univ Alabama, Nano & Micro Devices Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Foreman, John V.; Everitt, Henry O.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Lee, Don S.; Steckl, Andrew J.] Univ Cincinnati, Nanoelect Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Everitt, HO (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile RDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM henry.o.everitt@us.army.mil RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013; OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768; Steckl, Andrew/0000-0002-1868-4442 FU U.S. Army Research Office [DAAD19-03-1-0101] FX The authors would like to thank Hongying Peng for her early contributions to this project. The work at Cincinnati was supported in part by the U.S. Army Research Office (Grant No. DAAD19-03-1-0101). The authors acknowledge many technical discussions with J. M. Zavada and the stimulating questions posed by the reviewer. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2009 VL 105 IS 8 AR 083509 DI 10.1063/1.3098256 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 471NH UT WOS:000268064700035 ER PT J AU Gurfinkel, M Potbhare, S Xiong, HD Suehle, JS Shapira, Y Lelis, AJ Habersat, D Goldsman, N AF Gurfinkel, M. Potbhare, S. Xiong, H. D. Suehle, J. S. Shapira, Yoram Lelis, A. J. Habersat, D. Goldsman, N. TI Ion implantation and SiC transistor performance SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE annealing; electron mobility; interface states; ion implantation; MOSFET; oxidation; semiconductor doping; semiconductor epitaxial layers; silicon compounds; wide band gap semiconductors ID CHANNEL MOBILITY; 4H-SIC MOSFETS; MOS CAPACITORS; OXIDE; DMOSFETS; SILICON AB SiC metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors grown on low-doped epilayer channels and on ion-implanted channels with either "as grown" or NO annealed thermal oxides have been electrically characterized. The threshold voltage, effective electron mobility, as well as fixed charge, oxide trap, and interface trap concentrations have been separately obtained using conventional dc sweep, capacitance-voltage (C-V), fast current-voltage (I-V), and low frequency noise measurements. The results show that devices with as grown SiO(2) have a much higher density of "slow" bulk oxide traps than devices after postoxidation annealing in NO. The oxide fixed charge density is unaffected by the annealing process. Devices fabricated on ion-implanted channels exhibit only a small increase in the slow bulk oxide trap density and the fixed charge. However, the density of the "fast" interface traps increases dramatically. This suggests that the damage due to the ion-implantation process is mainly interfacial. In contrast to Si devices, this ion-implantation damage is not completely repaired even after annealing. C1 [Gurfinkel, M.; Shapira, Yoram] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Elect Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Potbhare, S.; Goldsman, N.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Xiong, H. D.; Suehle, J. S.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Lelis, A. J.; Habersat, D.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gurfinkel, M (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Elect Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM moshegur@post.tau.ac.il FU NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs (OMP) FX We would like to thank Cree, Inc. for supplying the samples for this work. This work was funded by the NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs (OMP). NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2009 VL 105 IS 8 AR 084511 DI 10.1063/1.3110071 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 471NH UT WOS:000268064700169 ER PT J AU Jiang, LH Hsu, A Chu, D Chen, RR AF Jiang, Luhua Hsu, Andrew Chu, Deryn Chen, Rongrong TI Oxygen reduction on carbon supported Pt and PtRu catalysts in alkaline solutions SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Alkaline fuel cell; Platinum; Platinum ruthenium; Oxygen reduction reaction; H(2)O(2) yield; Stability ID ANION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; BOROHYDRIDE FUEL-CELLS; RING-DISK ELECTRODE; WALL-JET ELECTRODE; ACID-SOLUTIONS; CATHODE CATALYSTS; DIRECT ALCOHOL; O2 REDUCTION; PLATINUM AB In this paper, carbon supported Pt and PtRu were employed as oxygen reduction catalysts in 0.1 M NaOH solutions. Onset potentials for oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) for both catalysts are similar (around 0.05 V vs. Hg/HgO/OH(-)). At an ORR overpotential of 0.29 V, the values of kinetic ORR current (I(k)) on the PtRu/C catalyst, normalized to geometric area and active surface area, are 3 and 14 times lower, respectively, than those measured on the Pt/C catalyst. Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) measurements show that the H(2)O(2) yields on both catalysts are negligible at potentials higher than -0.3 V, and the yields are less than 4% even at higher overpotentials, indicating that the ORR mechanism on the PtRu/C is the same as that on the Pt/C, i.e., the 4e(-) transfer is the predominant pathway. The values of activation energy of the ORR on the Pt/C and PtRu/C are similar at low current densities - about 40 and 35 kJ mol(-1), respectively. The simultaneous electro-oxidation of ethanol (EOR) and electro-reduction of 02 was studied in O(2)-saturated 0.1 M NaOH solutions. For the Pt/C, the ORR is suppressed by ethanol adsorbates at potentials lower than -0.05 V vs. Hg/HgO/OH(-) when both ethanol and oxygen exist in the solution. At potentials higher than -0.05 V, the FOR is suppressed by the ORR. The high FOR oxidation current on the Pt/C cathode would produce mixed potentials and degrade fuel cell. performance. For the PtRu/C, the FOR has little influence on the ORR. The stability tests show that PtRu/C is stable under fuel cell cathode working conditions. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jiang, Luhua; Hsu, Andrew; Chen, Rongrong] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Chu, Deryn] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jiang, LH (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM jluhua@iupui.edu; rochen@iupui.edu FU US Army Research Lab [W911NF-07-2-0036] FX This work was supported by the US Army Research Lab (Grant No. W911NF-07-2-0036). The authors appreciate Professor Dr. R.R. Adzic for helpful discussion and valuable suggestion. NR 46 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 13 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1572-6657 J9 J ELECTROANAL CHEM JI J. Electroanal. Chem. PD APR 15 PY 2009 VL 629 IS 1-2 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.01.029 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA 437EG UT WOS:000265468400013 ER PT J AU Wang, GG Weng, YM Chu, D Chen, RR Xie, D AF Wang, Guigui Weng, Yiming Chu, Deryn Chen, Rongrong Xie, Dong TI Developing a polysulfone-based alkaline anion exchange membrane for improved ionic conductivity SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Polysulfone; Chloromethylation; Quaternization; Alkaline anion exchange membrane; Ionic conductivity ID FUEL-CELLS; DIAMINES AB Alkaline anion exchange membranes of high ionic conductivities were made from polysulfone by adding a chloromethyl pendant group to the polysulfone at different reaction times and temperatures, followed by reacting the chloromethyl group with different amines to form different quaternary ammonium pendant groups which acted as the counterion for hydroxide anion. The effects of temperature and time on chloromethylation of the polymer were investigated and the chloromethylation was optimized. Furthermore, different approaches for quaternization of the synthesized chloromethylated polymer were studied. The results show that both temperature and time exhibited significant impacts on chloromethylation and gelation. It was also found that using an appropriate quaternization approach could significantly improve the ionic conductivity and also could optimize the conductivity of the membrane even though the accessible functional chloromethyl groups were limited. The developed AAEM showed the ionic conductivity up to 3.1 x 10(-2) S/cm at room temperature. Increasing temperature increased the ionic conductivity up to 7.33 x 10(-2) S/cm. The formed AAEM was stable in a concentrated base up to 8.0 M KOH at room temperature. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Guigui; Weng, Yiming; Chen, Rongrong; Xie, Dong] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Purdue Sch Engn & Technol, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Chu, Deryn] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xie, D (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Purdue Sch Engn & Technol, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, 723 W Michigan St,SL-220E, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM dxie@iupui.edu FU Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-07-2-0036]; Richard G. Lugar Center for Renewable Energy FX This work was sponsored by the Army Research Laboratory (W911NF-07-2-0036) and the Richard G. Lugar Center for Renewable Energy at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis. NR 19 TC 142 Z9 147 U1 7 U2 111 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD APR 15 PY 2009 VL 332 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.01.038 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 434ZT UT WOS:000265313600009 ER PT J AU Painter, TH Rittger, K McKenzie, C Slaughter, P Davis, RE Dozier, J AF Painter, Thomas H. Rittger, Karl McKenzie, Ceretha Slaughter, Peter Davis, Robert E. Dozier, Jeff TI Retrieval of subpixel snow covered area, grain size, and albedo from MODIS SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Snow; Grain size; Albedo; Spectral mixture analysis; MODIS ID SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER CODE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; AVIRIS DATA; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; THEMATIC MAPPER; VECTOR VERSION; MIE SCATTERING; SATELLITE DATA AB We describe and validate a model that retrieves fractional snow-covered area and the grain size and albedo of that snow from surface reflectance data (product MOD09GA) acquired by NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro radiometer (MODIS). The model analyzes the MODIS visible, near infrared, and shortwave infrared bands with multiple endmember spectral mixtures from a library of snow, vegetation, rock, and soil. We derive snow spectral endmembers of varying grain size from a radiative transfer model specific to a scene's illumination geometry; spectra for vegetation, rock, and soil were collected in the field and laboratory. We validate the model with fractional snow cover estimates from Landsat Thematic Mapper data, at 30 m resolution, for the Sierra Nevada, Rocky Mountains, high plains of Colorado, and Himalaya. Grain size measurements are validated with field measurements during the Cold Land Processes Experiment, and albedo retrievals are validated with in situ measurements in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado. The pixel-weighted average RMS error for snow-covered area across 31 scenes is 5%, ranging from 1% to 13%. The mean absolute error for grain size was 51 mu m and the mean absolute error for albedo was 4.2%. Fractional snow cover errors are relatively insensitive to solar zenith angle. Because MODSCAG is a physically based algorithm that accounts for the spatial and temporal variation in surface reflectances of snow and other surfaces, it is capable of global snow cover mapping in its more computationally efficient, operational mode. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Painter, Thomas H.] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Rittger, Karl; Slaughter, Peter; Dozier, Jeff] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Donald Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [McKenzie, Ceretha; Davis, Robert E.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Painter, TH (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM painter@geog.utah.edu; krittger@bren.ucsb.edu; ceretha1@mac.com; peter@bren.ucsb.edu; Robert.E.Davis@erdc.usace.army.mil; dozier@bren.ucsb.edu RI Dozier, Jeff/B-7364-2009; Painter, Thomas/B-7806-2016; OI Dozier, Jeff/0000-0001-8542-431X; Slaughter, Peter/0000-0002-2192-403X FU NASA Cooperative Agreement [NNG04GC52A]; Naval Postgraduate School Award [N00244-07-1-0013]; NSF Grant [ATM0432327] FX The work is supported by NASA Cooperative Agreement NNG04GC52A, Naval Postgraduate School Award N00244-07-1-0013, and NSF Grant ATM0432327. Anne Nolin and Preeti Tuladhar provided TM data for the Himalaya, as did Noah Molotch for the Upper Rio Grande. We acknowledge the efforts of the late Walter Rosenthal, who initiated the transfer of spectral mixing methods originally developed for imaging spectrometers into the domain of multispectral sensors. NR 71 TC 161 Z9 166 U1 7 U2 77 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD APR 15 PY 2009 VL 113 IS 4 BP 868 EP 879 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2009.01.001 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 423NQ UT WOS:000264503400015 ER PT J AU Dharnidharka, VR Cherikh, WS Abbott, KC AF Dharnidharka, Vikas R. Cherikh, Wida S. Abbott, Kevin C. TI An OPTN Analysis of National Registry Data on Treatment of BK Virus Allograft Nephropathy in the United States SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th American Transplant Congress CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2008 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Amer Soc Transplantat DE BK virus; Polyoma; Kidney transplantation; Infection; Immunosuppression ID RENAL-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; POLYOMAVIRUS TYPE BK; POSTTRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER; KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; GRAFT LOSS; RISK; IMPACT; RETRANSPLANTATION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; REPLICATION AB Introduction. Published data for BK virus allograft nephropathy, a recently emerged graft-threatening complication of kidney transplantation, are from limited-center series. Since June 30, 2004, the Organ Procurement Transplant Network national registry in the United States started collecting data on treatment of BK virus (TBKV) on the kidney follow-up forms. This study determined the rates of TBKV within 24 months posttransplant time and elucidated the risk factors for TBKV from this multicenter database. Methods. We queried the database for all primary and solitary kidney transplant recipients transplanted between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2006, followed through July 18, 2008, and who were reported to have TBKV. Cumulative incidence of TBKV over time was estimated using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method to reduce potential under reporting. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was fitted to determine risk factors for TBKV development, and time dependent Cox model was fitted to determine if TBKV was associated with higher risk of graft loss. Results. We included 48,292 primary and solitary kidney transplants from the US Organ Procurement Transplant Network database. The cumulative K-M incidence of BKVAN kept rising over time (0.70% at 6 months posttransplant to 2.18% at 1 year, 3.45% at 2 years and 6.6% at 5 years). Risk for BKVAN was higher with certain immunosuppressive regimens that included rabbit antithymocyte globulin or tacrolimus/mycophenolate combinations. Higher center volume and living kidney donation exerted a protective effect. Of concern, TBKV rates were significantly higher in more recent transplant years. TBKV report was associated with higher risk of subsequent graft loss (adjusted hazard ratio=1.69, P<0.001). C1 [Dharnidharka, Vikas R.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Gainesville, FL USA. [Cherikh, Wida S.] United Network Organ Sharing, Res Dept, Richmond, VA USA. [Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dharnidharka, VR (reprint author), Div Pediat Nephrol, 1600 SW Archer Rd,POB 100296-HD 214, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM vikasmd@peds.ufl.edu OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 28 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD APR 15 PY 2009 VL 87 IS 7 BP 1019 EP 1026 DI 10.1097/TP.0b013e31819cc383 PG 8 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 433DQ UT WOS:000265184900011 PM 19352121 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Strassels, SA Foster, L Marvel, J Williams, K Crooks, M Gross, A Kurihara, C Nguyen, C Williams, N AF Cohen, Steven P. Strassels, Scott A. Foster, Leslie Marvel, John Williams, Kayode Crooks, Matthew Gross, Andrew Kurihara, Connie Nguyen, Cuong Williams, Necia TI Comparison of fluoroscopically guided and blind corticosteroid injections for greater trochanteric pain syndrome: multicentre randomised controlled trial SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; EPIDURAL STEROID INJECTIONS; HIP PAIN; LUMBOSACRAL RADICULOPATHY; BURSITIS; PROGNOSIS; GUIDANCE AB Objective To determine whether fluoroscopic guidance improves outcomes of injections for greater trochanteric pain syndrome. Design Multicentre double blind randomised controlled study. Setting Three academic and military treatment facilities in the United States and Germany. Participants 65 patients with a clinical diagnosis of greater trochanteric pain syndrome. Interventions Injections of corticosteroid and local anaesthetic into the trochanteric bursa, using fluoroscopy (n=32) or landmarks ( that is, "blind" injections; n=33) for guidance. Main outcome measures Primary outcome measures: 010 numerical rating scale pain scores at rest and with activity at one month ( positive categorical outcome predefined as >= 50% pain reduction either at rest or with activity, coupled with positive global perceived effect). Secondary outcome measures included Oswestry disability scores, SF-36 scores, reduction in drug use, and patients' satisfaction. Results No differences in outcomes occurred favouring either the fluoroscopy or blind treatment groups. One month after injection the average pain scores were 2.7 at rest and 5.0 with activity in the fluoroscopy group compared with 2.2 and 4.0 in the blind injection group. Three months after the injection, 15 (47%) patients in the blind group and 13 (41%) in the fluoroscopy group continued to have a positive outcome. Conclusion Although using fluoroscopic guidance dramatically increases treatment costs for greater trochanteric pain syndrome, it does not necessarily improve outcomes. Trial registration Clinical trials NCT00480675 C1 [Cohen, Steven P.; Marvel, John; Williams, Kayode; Crooks, Matthew] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cohen, Steven P.; Kurihara, Connie] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Strassels, Scott A.] Univ Texas Austin, Div Pharm Practice, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Nguyen, Cuong] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Landstuhl, Germany. [Williams, Necia] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Integrated Anesthesia Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. [Williams, Necia] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Foster, Leslie] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Washington, DC USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21029 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu FU John P Murtha Neuroscience and Pain Institute, Johnstown, PA; US Army; Army Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Initiative, Washington, DC FX This study was funded in part by a congressional grant from the John P Murtha Neuroscience and Pain Institute, Johnstown, PA; the US Army; and the Army Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Initiative, Washington, DC. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. NR 33 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-8146 J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD APR 14 PY 2009 VL 338 AR b1088 DI 10.1136/bmj.b1088 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 434TI UT WOS:000265296600001 PM 19366755 ER PT J AU Kim, J Dong, LB Kiserow, DJ Roberts, GW AF Kim, Jaehoon Dong, Laura Beth Kiserow, Douglas J. Roberts, George W. TI Complex Effects of the Sweep Fluid on Solid-State Polymerization: Poly(bisphenol A carbonate) in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID BISPHENOL-A POLYCARBONATE; REACTION-KINETICS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; CRYSTALLIZATION; POLYCONDENSATION; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE); PHENOL AB The effects of the sweep fluid on solid-state polymerization (SSP) of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (BPA-PC) were investigated. Prepolymers with two different number-average molecular weights, PCP6C (M(n) 3800 g/mol) and PCP9C (M(n) = 2400 g/mol), were synthesized using melt transesterification. Solid-state polymerization of these prepolymers was carried out at temperatures in the range of 150-190 degrees C with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) and N(2) as the sweep fluids. It was found that scCO(2) at 207 bar could either increase or decrease the rate of SSP relative to the rate in atmospheric N(2), depending on the prepolymer molecular weight. At 190 degrees C, the molecular weights of the polymers synthesized from the higher-molecular-weight prepolymer (PCP6C) were higher with scCO(2) as the sweep fluid compared to those of the polymers synthesized with N(2). In contrast, at the same temperature of 190 degrees C, the molecular weights of the polymers synthesized from the lower-molecular-weight prepolymer (PCP9C) were lower with scCO(2) compared to those of the polymers synthesized with N(2). This apparently contradictory effect can be understood in terms of competition between rate-increasing effects of scCO(2), such as greater chain mobility and a higher byproduct diffusion coefficient caused by plasticizing of the polymer by scCO(2), and rate-diminishing effects associated with scCO(2), such as lamellar thickening, higher crystallinity, and perhaps increased occlusion of end groups in crystalline regions. C1 [Kim, Jaehoon; Dong, Laura Beth; Kiserow, Douglas J.; Roberts, George W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kim, Jaehoon] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Energy & Environm Res Div, Seoul 136791, South Korea. [Kiserow, Douglas J.] USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Roberts, GW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM groberts@eos.ncsu.edu RI Kim, Jaehoon/G-6116-2014 OI Kim, Jaehoon/0000-0001-6188-7571 FU U.S. Army Research Office, Agreement [DAAG55-98-D0003]; National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center (STC) Program, Agreement [CHE-9876674] FX This research was performed while Jaehoon Kim held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award with the U.S. Army Research Office. The authors acknowledge the U.S. Army Research Office, Agreement DAAG55-98-D0003, for financial Support and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Science and Technology Center (STC) Program, Agreement CHE-9876674, for additional support. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD APR 14 PY 2009 VL 42 IS 7 BP 2472 EP 2479 DI 10.1021/ma802193q PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 430MD UT WOS:000264992300026 ER PT J AU Nousiainen, T Zubko, E Niemi, JV Kupiainen, K Lehtinen, M Muinonen, K Videen, G AF Nousiainen, Timo Zubko, Evgenij Niemi, Jarkko V. Kupiainen, Kaarle Lehtinen, Martti Muinonen, Karri Videen, Gorden TI Single-scattering modeling of thin, birefringent mineral-dust flakes using the discrete-dipole approximation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GAUSSIAN RANDOM PARTICLES; RAY OPTICS APPROXIMATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; IRREGULAR PARTICLES; FELDSPAR PARTICLES; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; SIMULATIONS; MATRIX; SPHEROIDS AB The morphology and composition of mineral-dust particles in two surface samples collected in the Sahara desert are investigated by electron microscope imaging, X-ray diffractography, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Most submicron particles in the samples are found to be flake-like and thin, and appear to be composed of either calcite or dolomite. The single-scattering properties of these flake-like particles are modeled using the discrete-dipole approximation for size parameters from 1 to 10. For simplicity, the particles are assumed to be composed of calcite, as the properties of dolomite are very similar. The birefringence of calcite is fully accounted for in the simulations, but to assess the importance of birefringence on scattering, two equivalent, isotropic cases analogous to internal and external mixing also are considered. The results show that both isotropic analogs scatter similarly, whereas birefringence affects the light scattering considerably. In particular, the asymmetry parameter is systematically smaller for birefringent than for isotropic flakes. The birefringence also weakens the negative-polarization branch (NPB) near the backscattering direction. Flakes are found to scatter light very differently from volume-equivalent spheroids, spheres, or roundish irregularly shaped particles: their asymmetry parameters tend to be much higher, and their backscattering enhancement and their NPBs are much weaker. The results demonstrate that the single-scattering properties of different mineral-dust types can be remarkably different. Whether the findings have a significant impact on the assessment of the radiative impact of atmospheric dust depends on the abundance of flake-like particles in the atmosphere, which is not known. C1 [Nousiainen, Timo] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Zubko, Evgenij] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Ctr Atmospher & Ocean Studies, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Zubko, Evgenij] Kharkov Natl Univ, Astron Inst, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Niemi, Jarkko V.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Kupiainen, Kaarle] Finnish Environm Inst, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland. [Lehtinen, Martti] Univ Helsinki, Geol Museum, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Videen, Gorden] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nousiainen, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, POB 68,Gustaf Hallstrominkatu 2B, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. EM timo.nousiainen@helsinki.fi; zubko@caos-a.geophys.tohoku.ac.jp; Jarkko.Niemi@ytv.fi; kaarle.kupiainen@nordicenvicon.fi; martti.lehtinen@helsinki.fi; karri.muinonen@helsinki.fi; gorden.videen@us.army.mil RI Nousiainen, Timo/A-7982-2008 OI Nousiainen, Timo/0000-0002-6569-9815 FU The Finnish IT Center for Science (CSC); Academy of Finland [212979, 125180]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science FX We would like to thank Richard and Roland Pelisson of SaharaMet who took a break from collecting and documenting meteorites to collect the Saharan dust samples for analysis (http://www.saharamet.com/index.html). Bruce Draine is heartily thanked for providing us the new 7.0.7 version of the DDSCAT model prior to its official publication, which greatly facilitated us to complete the study. The Finnish IT Center for Science (CSC) and the national M-grid consortium are acknowledged for providing computing resources. T. Nousiainen acknowledges the Academy of Finland for its financial support ( contracts 212979 and 125180). E. Zubko is thankful for the financial support of the Grants-in-Aid program of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Special thanks to Scott J. Robinson, Imaging Technology Group, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and Marko Vehkamaki, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Helsinki, for operating the XL30 and Hitachi S-4800 electron microscopes, respectively. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD APR 11 PY 2009 VL 114 AR D07207 DI 10.1029/2008JD011564 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 431ZB UT WOS:000265102200001 ER PT J AU Brekke, LD Maurer, EP Anderson, JD Dettinger, MD Townsley, ES Harrison, A Pruitt, T AF Brekke, Levi D. Maurer, Edwin P. Anderson, Jamie D. Dettinger, Michael D. Townsley, Edwin S. Harrison, Alan Pruitt, Tom TI Assessing reservoir operations risk under climate change SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID JOAQUIN RIVER-BASIN; WATER-RESOURCES; COUPLED MODEL; CHANGE IMPACTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; CALIFORNIA; HYDROLOGY; SIMULATIONS; UNCERTAINTY; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Risk-based planning offers a robust way to identify strategies that permit adaptive water resources management under climate change. This paper presents a flexible methodology for conducting climate change risk assessments involving reservoir operations. Decision makers can apply this methodology to their systems by selecting future periods and risk metrics relevant to their planning questions and by collectively evaluating system impacts relative to an ensemble of climate projection scenarios (weighted or not). This paper shows multiple applications of this methodology in a case study involving California's Central Valley Project and State Water Project systems. Multiple applications were conducted to show how choices made in conducting the risk assessment, choices known as analytical design decisions, can affect assessed risk. Specifically, risk was reanalyzed for every choice combination of two design decisions: (1) whether to assume climate change will influence flood-control constraints on water supply operations (and how), and (2) whether to weight climate change scenarios (and how). Results show that assessed risk would motivate different planning pathways depending on decision-maker attitudes toward risk (e. g., risk neutral versus risk averse). Results also show that assessed risk at a given risk attitude is sensitive to the analytical design choices listed above, with the choice of whether to adjust flood-control rules under climate change having considerably more influence than the choice on whether to weight climate scenarios. C1 [Brekke, Levi D.; Harrison, Alan; Pruitt, Tom] US Bur Reclamat, Tech Serv Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Maurer, Edwin P.] Santa Clara Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Santa Clara, CA 95053 USA. [Anderson, Jamie D.] Calif Dept Water Resources, Bay Delta Off, Sacramento, CA 94236 USA. [Dettinger, Michael D.] Univ Calif San Diego, US Geol Survey, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Dept 0224, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Townsley, Edwin S.] USA, Corps Engineers, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Brekke, LD (reprint author), US Bur Reclamat, Tech Serv Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Bldg 67,Room 506,POB 250007 86-68210, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM lbrekke@do.usbr.gov; emaurer@engr.scu.edu; jamiea@water.ca.gov; mddettin@usgs.gov; edwin.s.townsley@usace.army.mil; aharrison@do.usbr.gov; tpruitt@do.usbr.gov RI Maurer, Edwin/C-7190-2009 OI Maurer, Edwin/0000-0001-7134-487X FU Bureau of Reclamation Research and Development Office; Reclamation Mid-Pacific Region Office; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Engineering Research and Development Center; Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy FX This project was funded by multiple sources: directly by the Bureau of Reclamation Research and Development Office, Reclamation Mid-Pacific Region Office, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Engineering Research and Development Center; and through in-kind support from USACE Sacramento District, the California Department of Water Resources, U. S. Geological Survey, and Santa Clara University. We thank the staff at Scripps Institution of Oceanography for compiling and processing projection data sets used in these analyses (with funding provided by the California Energy Commission's California Climate Change Center at Scripps). We also thank the staff at the NWS California-Nevada River Forecast Center for providing runoff model tools and simulation support. Finally, we would like to acknowledge CMIP3 climate modeling groups for making their simulations available for analysis, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison for collecting and archiving the CMIP3 model output, and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modeling for organizing the model data analysis activity. The WCRP CMIP3 multimodel data set is supported by the Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy. NR 55 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 4 U2 56 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD APR 11 PY 2009 VL 45 AR W04411 DI 10.1029/2008WR006941 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 432AU UT WOS:000265106700001 ER PT J AU Dubinskii, M Zhang, J Ter-Mikirtychev, V AF Dubinskii, M. Zhang, J. Ter-Mikirtychev, V. TI Record-efficient, resonantly-pumped, Er-doped singlemode fibre amplifier SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POWER AB An 85% optical-to-optical efficient, single-frequency performance of resonantly-pumped (at 1476 nm) Yb-free, Er-doped, singlemode fibre amplifier at 1560 nm is reported. The diffraction-limited, single-frequency amplifier is believed to have the highest optical-to-optical efficiency ever reported for Er-doped fibre amplifiers. C1 [Dubinskii, M.; Zhang, J.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ter-Mikirtychev, V.] NovaWave Technol Inc, Redwood City, CA 94065 USA. RP Dubinskii, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mdubinskiy@arl.army.mil FU High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO) FX This work was partially supported by the High Energy Laser Joint Technology Office (HEL-JTO). NR 6 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD APR 9 PY 2009 VL 45 IS 8 BP 400 EP 401 DI 10.1049/el.2009.0505 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 433VO UT WOS:000265234100011 ER PT J AU Safaisini, R Joseph, JR Dang, G Lear, KL AF Safaisini, R. Joseph, J. R. Dang, G. Lear, K. L. TI Scalable high-power, high-speed CW VCSEL arrays SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERCONNECTS; LASER AB A demonstration of a high-power, high-speed 980 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser array with continuous-wave power of greater than 120 mW and frequency response over 7.5 GHz at room temperature is reported. Experimental results show that copper plating the array elements and flip-chip bonding provides effective thermal management as well as offering uniform current distribution at microwave frequencies. This is verified by the radial dependence of modulation bandwidth. These arrays may be useful for short-range light detection and ranging or free-space optical communications systems. C1 [Safaisini, R.; Joseph, J. R.; Lear, K. L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dang, G.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Safaisini, R (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM kllear@engr.colostate.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) [W911NF-08-10047] FX This work is supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under contract W911NF-08-10047. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 EI 1350-911X J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD APR 9 PY 2009 VL 45 IS 8 BP 414 EP U45 DI 10.1049/el.2009.3353 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 433VO UT WOS:000265234100020 ER PT J AU Amemiya, K Meyers, JL Rogers, TE Fast, RL Bassett, AD Worsham, PL Powell, BS Norris, SL Krieg, AM Adamovicz, JJ AF Amemiya, Kei Meyers, Jennifer L. Rogers, Taralyn E. Fast, Randy L. Bassett, Anthony D. Worsham, Patricia L. Powell, Bradford S. Norris, Sarah L. Krieg, Arthur M. Adamovicz, Jeffrey J. TI CpG oligodeoxynucleotides augment the murine immune response to the Yersinia pestis F1-V vaccine in bubonic and pneumonic models of plague SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Plague; Vaccine; CpG ODNs ID B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; BURKHOLDERIA-MALLEI; DENDRITIC CELLS; INNATE IMMUNITY; FUSION PROTEIN; BACTERIAL-DNA; TLR9 AGONIST; DOUBLE-BLIND; BALB/C MICE AB The current U.S. Department of Defense candidate plague vaccine is a fusion between two Yersinia pestis proteins: the F1 capsular protein, and the low calcium response (Lcr) V-protein. We hypothesized that an immunomodulator, such as CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN)s, could augment the immune response to the plague F1-V vaccine in a mouse model for plague. CpG ODNs significantly augmented the antibody response and efficacy of a single dose of the plague vaccine in murine bubonic and pneumonic models of plague. In the latter Study, we also found an overall significant augmentation the immune response to the individual subunits of the plague vaccine by CpG ODN 2006. In a long-term, prime-boost study, CpG ODN induced a significant early augmentation of the IgG response to the vaccine. The presence of CpG ODN induced a significant increase in the IgG2a subclass response to the vaccine up to 5 months after the boost. Our studies showed that CpG ODNs significantly augmented the IgG antibody response to the plague vaccine, which increased the probability of survival in murine models of plague (P<0.0001). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Amemiya, Kei; Meyers, Jennifer L.; Rogers, Taralyn E.; Fast, Randy L.; Bassett, Anthony D.; Worsham, Patricia L.; Powell, Bradford S.; Norris, Sarah L.; Adamovicz, Jeffrey J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Krieg, Arthur M.] Pfizer, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Amemiya, K (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM kei.amemiya@Lls.arniy.mil NR 65 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 6 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 16 BP 2220 EP 2229 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.02.016 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 429XX UT WOS:000264954500005 PM 19428836 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Thompson, G Song, J Hiltner, A Baer, E AF Yang, Y. Thompson, G. Song, J. Hiltner, A. Baer, E. TI Indentation of an Oriented Transparent Polyamide SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hardness; indentation; orientation; polyamides; toughness ID INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION; SHARP INDENTERS; ELASTIC-MODULUS; HARDNESS; POLYPROPYLENE; MICROHARDNESS; TEMPERATURE; POLYMERS; LOAD AB In this study, the effect of orientation on the indentation hardness and energy absorption of an oriented transparent Trogamid polyamide was investigated with a spherical indentation methodology. It was found that the orientation significantly improved the indentation hardness and energy absorbed by plastic deformation. From the indentation hardness measurement, the elastic modulus, yield stress, and strain hardening exponent were derived from both the elastic and plastic regions of the indentation load-displacement curves. The elastic modulus Was found to remain the same with orientation; the yield stress and the strain hardening exponent increased with orientation. The increase in the strain hardening exponent was the primary reason for the improved indentation hardness and energy absorption in the oriented samples. The mechanical properties from indentation measurements were compared to values obtained from tension true stress/true strain measurements. Good agreement was observed between the results from the indentation and tension tests. The effect of temperature oil the mechanical properties was also studied. It was found that the modulus and yield stress were higher at a lower temperature; however, the strain hardening exponent remained unaffected. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 112: 163-172, 2009 C1 [Yang, Y.; Hiltner, A.; Baer, E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Macromol Sci & Engn Dept, Ctr Appl Polymer Res, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Thompson, G.] US Army Dent & Trauma Res Detachment, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. [Song, J.] USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSRD NSR WS DB, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Hiltner, A (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Macromol Sci & Engn Dept, Ctr Appl Polymer Res, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM pah6@case.edu NR 29 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD APR 5 PY 2009 VL 112 IS 1 BP 163 EP 172 DI 10.1002/app.29350 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 406ZA UT WOS:000263332200020 ER PT J AU Jobe, O Donofrio, G Sun, GP Liepinsh, D Schwenk, R Krzych, U AF Jobe, Ousman Donofrio, Gina Sun, Guangping Liepinsh, Dmitry Schwenk, Robert Krzych, Urszula TI Immunization with Radiation-Attenuated Plasmodium berghei Sporozoites Induces Liver cCD8 alpha+DC that Activate CD8(+)T Cells against Liver-Stage Malaria SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Immunization with radiation (gamma)-attenuated Plasmodia sporozoites (gamma-spz) confers sterile and long-lasting immunity against malaria liver-stage infection. In the P. berghei gamma-spz model, protection is linked to liver CD8(+) T cells that express an effector/memory (T-EM) phenotype, (CD(44hi)CD45RB(lo)CD62L(lo)), and produce IFN-gamma. However, neither the antigen presenting cells (APC) that activate these CD8(+) T-EM cells nor the site of their induction have been fully investigated. Because conventional (c) CD8 alpha(+) DC (a subset of CD11c(+) DC) are considered the major inducers of CD8(+) T cells, in this study we focused primarily on cCD8 alpha(+) DC from livers of mice immunized with Pb gamma-spz and asked whether the cCD8 alpha(+) DC might be involved in the activation of CD8(+) T-EM cells. We demonstrate that multiple exposures of mice to Pb gamma-spz lead to a progressive and nearly concurrent accumulation in the liver but not the spleen of both the CD11c(+)NK1.1(-) DC and CD8(+) T-EM cells. Upon adoptive transfer, liver CD11c(+)NK1.1(-) DC from Pb gamma-spz-immunized mice induced protective immunity against sporozoite challenge. Moreover, in an in vitro system, liver cCD8 alpha(+) DC induced naive CD8(+) T cells to express the CD8(+) T-EM phenotype and to secrete IFN-gamma. The in vitro induction of functional CD8(+) T-EM cells by cCD8 alpha(+) DC was inhibited by anti-MHC class I and anti-IL-12 mAbs. These data suggest that liver cCD8 alpha(+) DC present liver-stage antigens to activate CD8(+) T-EM cells, the pre-eminent effectors against pre-erythrocytic malaria. These results provide important implications towards a design of anti-malaria vaccines. C1 [Jobe, Ousman; Donofrio, Gina; Sun, Guangping; Liepinsh, Dmitry; Schwenk, Robert; Krzych, Urszula] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Immunol, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Jobe, O (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Immunol, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM urszula.krzych@.amedd.army.mil FU NIH (UK) [AI43411]; US Medical Research and Materiel Command FX The study was supported by NIH grant AI43411 (UK) and US Medical Research and Materiel Command. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 4 PY 2009 VL 4 IS 4 AR e5075 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0005075 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 437QB UT WOS:000265500900003 PM 19347042 ER PT J AU Perkins, RM Aboudara, MC Uy, AL Olson, SW Cushner, HM Yuan, CM AF Perkins, Robert M. Aboudara, Matthew C. Uy, Alice L. Olson, Stephen W. Cushner, Howard M. Yuan, Christina M. TI Effect of Pentoxifylline on GFR Decline in CKD: A Pilot, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Chronic kidney disease; estimated glomerular filtration rate; pentoxifylline; proteinuria; hypertension ID TYPE-2 DIABETIC-PATIENTS; CONVERTING-ENZYME-INHIBITOR; URINARY PROTEIN EXCRETION; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; RENAL-FAILURE; SHORT-TERM; NEPHROPATHY; PROGRESSION; GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS; MICROALBUMINURIA AB Background: Pentoxitylline is a nonspecific phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties. It reduces proteinuria in patients with glomerular disease, although its impact on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is unknown. We hypothesized that pentoxifylline would slow the estimated GFR decrease in patients with chronic kidney disease at high risk of progression. Study Design: Pilot randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Setting & Participants: 40 outpatients with decreased GFR, hypertension, and proteinuria greater than 1 g/24 h currently treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or the combination and followed up in a nephrology clinic at a tertiary medical care facility. Intervention: Pentoxifylline, 400 mg twice daily, or matching placebo. Outcomes: Difference in rates of estimated GFR change during the 1-year study period between the 2 groups. Measurements: Estimated GFR (4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation) and proteinuria by 24-hour urine collection were assessed at baseline and 6 and 12 months after enrollment. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. At 1 year, the mean estimated GFR decrease was significantly less in the pentoxifylline group than the placebo group (-1.2 +/- 7.0 versus -7.2 +/- 8.2 mL/min/1.73 m(2)/y; mean difference, -6.0 mL/min/1.73 m(2)/y; 95% confidence interval, -11.4 to -0.6; P = 0.03). For pentoxifylline-treated participants, the mean estimated GFR decrease during treatment was slower compared with the year before study enrollment (-9.6 +/- 11.9 mL/min/1.73 m(2)/y; mean difference, -8.4 mL/min/1.73 m(2)/y; 95% confidence interval, -14.8 to -2.1; P = 0.01). Proteinuria was not different between the pentoxifylline and placebo groups at baseline, 6 months, or 1 year. Limitations: Small sample size and incomplete follow-up. Conclusions: Pentoxifylline may slow the estimated GFR decrease in high-risk patients. This may be independent of its antiproteinuric properties and warrants further investigation. Am J Kidney Dis 53: 606-616. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. This is a US Government Work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 [Perkins, Robert M.; Uy, Alice L.; Cushner, Howard M.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Lewis, WA 98431 USA. [Aboudara, Matthew C.; Olson, Stephen W.; Yuan, Christina M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Perkins, RM (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Ft Lewis, WA 98431 USA. EM rmperk1@yahoo.com NR 30 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2009 VL 53 IS 4 BP 606 EP 616 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.11.026 PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 425JI UT WOS:000264632400007 PM 19216016 ER PT J AU van Hoevan, K Wells, J Abadie, J AF van Hoevan, Karen Wells, Justin Abadie, Jude TI SERUM PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS (SPEP) PLUS SERUM FREE LIGHT CHAIN (sFLC) TESTING: A SENSITIVE PANEL FOR DIAGNOSIS OF MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY (MG) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Spring Clinical Meeting of the National-Kidney-Foundation CY MAR 25-29, 2009 CL Nashville, TN SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 [van Hoevan, Karen] Binding Site Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Wells, Justin; Abadie, Jude] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2009 VL 53 IS 4 MA 217 BP A77 EP A77 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 425JI UT WOS:000264632400242 ER PT J AU Owens, BD DeBerardino, TM Nelson, BJ Thurman, J Cameron, KL Taylor, DC Uhorchak, JM Arciero, RA AF Owens, Brett D. DeBerardino, Thomas M. Nelson, Bradley J. Thurman, John Cameron, Kenneth L. Taylor, Dean C. Uhorchak, John M. Arciero, Robert A. TI Long-term Follow-up of Acute Arthroscopic Bankart Repair for Initial Anterior Shoulder Dislocations in Young Athletes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Interim Meeting of the American-Orthopaedic-Society-for-Sports-Medicine CY MAR, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Orthopaed Soc Sports Med DE arthroscopic; Bankart; shoulder; instability; dislocation ID STABILIZATION; REHABILITATION; IMMOBILIZATION; INSTABILITY; SURGERY AB Background: Little is known of the long-term results of acute arthroscopic Bankart repair for first-time traumatic anterior glenohumeral dislocations. Hypothesis: Acute arthroscopic Bankart repair for first-time traumatic anterior glenohumeral dislocations will provide good results at long-term follow-up. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The authors evaluated a cohort of young patients who sustained first-time anterior glenohumeral dislocations and were acutely treated with arthroscopic Bankart repair using bioabsorbable tacks. Subjective outcome measures were obtained at a mean follow-up of 11.7 years (range, 9.1-13.9 years). Results: Thirty-nine patients (40 shoulders) were available of the original cohort of 49 shoulders (82%). Two of the 9 who were lost to follow-up had revision surgery before being lost and are carried forward in the calculations of recurrent instability and revision surgery but are not included in the calculation of the functional scores. The mean Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation was 91.7, the mean Western Ontario Shoulder Instability score was 371.7, the mean subjective Rowe score was 25.3, the mean Simple Shoulder Test was 11.1, the mean American Shoulder and Elbow Society score was 90.9, the mean Short Form-36 Physical Component score was 94.4, and the mean Tegner score was 6.5. Six patients sustained recurrent dislocations for a redislocation rate of 14.3%. Nine patients (21.4%) reported experiencing subluxation events. Six patients (14.3%) underwent revision stabilization surgery. Conclusion: At long-term follow-up, acute arthroscopic Bankart repair for first-time traumatic anterior glenohumeral dislocations resulted in excellent subjective function and return to athletics in young, active patients with an acceptable rate of recurrence and reoperation. C1 [Owens, Brett D.] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [DeBerardino, Thomas M.; Thurman, John; Cameron, Kenneth L.] Keller Army Community Hosp, West Point, NY USA. [Nelson, Bradley J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Taylor, Dean C.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Arciero, Robert A.] Univ Connecticut, Farmington, CT USA. RP Owens, BD (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM b.owens@us.army.mil OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743; Cameron, Kenneth/0000-0002-6276-4482 NR 22 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD APR PY 2009 VL 37 IS 4 BP 669 EP 673 DI 10.1177/0363546508328416 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 427BH UT WOS:000264754300002 PM 19218560 ER PT J AU Hawksworth, JS Leeser, D Jindal, RM Falta, E Tadaki, D Elster, EA AF Hawksworth, Jason S. Leeser, David Jindal, Rahul M. Falta, Edward Tadaki, Douglas Elster, Eric A. TI New directions for induction immunosuppression strategy in solid organ transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Review DE Induction immunosuppression; Solid organ transplantation; Tolerance ID REGULATORY T-CELLS; RENAL-ALLOGRAFT REJECTION; RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE TRIAL; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; ANTI-THYMOCYTE GLOBULIN; CORTICOSTEROID-FREE IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; CADAVER KIDNEY-TRANSPLANTATION; RABBIT ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; ACUTE CELLULAR REJECTION AB BACKGROUND: Solid organ transplant centers are increasingly using induction immunosuppression strategies. Induction immunosuppression involves the use of intense therapy at the time of transplantation with the goal of preventing acute rejection and ultimately inducing a tolerogenic state. The objective of this review is to examine specialized induction agents currently in clinical use and highlight novel therapeutics on the horizon for induction immunosuppression. METHODS: A literature search using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases identified salient basic science and clinical research articles on induction immunosuppression for solid organ transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: While Current induction immunosuppression agents have reduced the incidence of acute rejection. the goal of transplant tolerance has not been realized. Furthermore, the long-term allograft survival rate is not clearly, influenced by the practice of induction immunosuppression. New approaches to tolerance induction, Such as costimulatory-based therapy. mixed chimerism, and adoptive cellular transfer. hold promise for more effective induction immunosuppression in solid organ transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Leeser, David; Jindal, Rahul M.; Falta, Edward; Elster, Eric A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hawksworth, Jason S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Leeser, David; Falta, Edward; Elster, Eric A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Tadaki, Douglas; Elster, Eric A.] USN, Dept Regenerat Med, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Elster, Eric A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Elster, EA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Organ Transplant Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. EM eric.elster@med.navy.mil NR 134 TC 20 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD APR PY 2009 VL 197 IS 4 BP 515 EP 524 DI 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2008.04.025 PG 10 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 430OY UT WOS:000264999600016 PM 19249743 ER PT J AU Burkholder, RJ Tokgoz, C Reddy, CJ Coburn, WO AF Burkholder, Robert J. Tokgoez, Cagatay Reddy, C. J. Coburn, William O. TI Iterative Physical Optics for Radar Scattering Predictions SO APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Physical optics; radar cross section; iterative methods; integral equations; high-frequency methods ID OPEN-ENDED CAVITIES; ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; LARGE OBJECTS; RCS AB The iterative physical optics (IPO) method is applied to compute the radar cross section of electrically large and realistically complex targets. The method is based on iterative refinement of the first-order physical optics currents to include multiple interactions up to a specified order. Unlike other high-frequency asymptotic methods, no ray tracing is required, and spurious diffraction effects from non-physical shadow boundaries are avoided. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate convergence, accuracy, efficiency and robustness. C1 [Burkholder, Robert J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Tokgoez, Cagatay; Reddy, C. J.] Appl EM Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Coburn, William O.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Burkholder, RJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. EM burkholder.1@osu.edu; cagatay@appliedem.com; cjreddy@appliedem.com; wcoburn@arl.army.mil RI Tokgoz, Cagatay/N-1353-2016 OI Tokgoz, Cagatay/0000-0003-4664-0444 NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOC PI UNIVERSITY PA UNIV MISSISSIPPI, DEPT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY, MS 38677 USA SN 1054-4887 J9 APPL COMPUT ELECTROM JI Appl. Comput. Electromagn. Soc. J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 24 IS 2 BP 241 EP 258 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 444MC UT WOS:000265984100013 ER PT J AU Evans, WC Harmon, RS Wanty, RB AF Evans, William C. Harmon, Russell S. Wanty, Richard B. TI 12th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction (WRI-12) Preface SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Evans, William C.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Harmon, Russell S.] ARL Army Res Off, Div Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wanty, Richard B.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Evans, WC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM wcevans@usgs.gov RI Evans, William/J-4283-2012 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD APR PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 491 EP 492 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.12.004 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 437QI UT WOS:000265501600001 ER PT J AU Harmon, RS Lyons, WB Long, DT Ogden, FL Mitasova, H Gardner, CB Welch, KA Witherow, RA AF Harmon, Russell S. Lyons, W. Berry Long, David T. Ogden, Fred L. Mitasova, Helena Gardner, Christopher B. Welch, Kathleen A. Witherow, Rebecca A. TI Geochemistry of four tropical montane watersheds, Central Panama SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction (WRI-12) CY JUL 31-AUG 05, 2007 CL Kunming, PEOPLES R CHINA SP China Univ Geosci, Int Assoc GeoChem, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, China Geol Survey, US Geol Survey, Penn State Univ, Nanjing Univ, Hohai Univ, Changan Univ, E China Inst Technol, Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Inst Hydrogeol & Environm Geol, China Geol Survey, Hydrogeol & Environm Geol Ctr, China Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, MOE Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Yunnan Bureau Geol, Mineral Resources Explorat & Dev, K C Wong Educ Fdn ID MAJOR-ELEMENT CHEMISTRY; PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY; WEATHERING PROCESSES; SEASONAL-VARIATION; DISSOLVED-LOAD; CONGO BASIN; PUERTO-RICO; RIO-CHAGRES; COSTA-RICA; LONG-TERM AB The major element chemistry was determined for surface waters from four watersheds in Central Panama during the 2005 dry season to ascertain geochemical patterns resulting from differing geology and human influences as well to estimate chemical denudation rates for this montane region of tropical rain forest. The Upper Rio Chagres (580 km(2)), Rio Pequini (281 km(2)) and Rio Cuango (175 km(2)) watersheds are formed on a geologically mixed terrain that consists of strongly hydrothermally altered andesite and volumetrically subordinate mafic-intermediate volcanic rocks and felsic intrusive lithologies, whereas the Rio Pacora watershed (374 km(2)) is developed largely on gabbroic and dioritic lithologies. The headwater areas of all four river basins lie in pristine tropical rainforest, with the Rio Cuango, Rio Pequini and Rio Pacora subject to varying degrees of different land uses in their middle to lower reaches. Values of pH for the four watersheds are near neutral to slightly alkaline (7.0-8.5), DO saturation is high (typically >90%) and dissolved solute contents of the rivers and tributary streams are low (SPC = 130 +/- 31 mu S/cm), documenting the overall pristine quality of the waters in all four basins. Cluster analysis, supported by a comparison of elemental variations, indicates a broad geochemical similarity of rivers and streams in the four watersheds, but also reveals subtle differences that can be attributed to lithologic control rather than anthropogenic influences. Low-order streams in the Pacora watershed have distinctly higher TDS values plus silica and Ca2+ concentrations than those forming in the mixed lithology terrain. Streams and rivers developed on mafic terrain are also slightly more enriched in total dissolved cations (TZ(+)) and HCO3-, relative to silica, than streams and rivers developed in the mixed lithology terrain. Potassium concentrations are uniformly low, and like Mg2+ and Na+, are similar in both terrains. Calcium/Mg ratios for all watersheds are lower than the world river average, indicating the importance of the weathering of Mg-rich minerals. The Ca/Na, HCO3/Na and Mg/Na ratios for the Rio Pacora streams and rivers fall within the mid-range of what has been observed globally for other streams/rivers draining mafic rocks. The chemical weathering rate calculated is 108 tons/km(2)/a, which is about 40% of the physical denudation rate for the Upper Rio Chagres watershed of 275-289 tons/km(2)/a. The results of this study document that both chemical and physical erosion rates within tropical montane watersheds in central Panama are significant in a global context. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Harmon, Russell S.] ARL Army Res Off, Div Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Harmon, Russell S.; Mitasova, Helena] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lyons, W. Berry; Gardner, Christopher B.; Welch, Kathleen A.; Witherow, Rebecca A.] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lyons, W. Berry; Witherow, Rebecca A.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Long, David T.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ogden, Fred L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Civil & Architectural Engn, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Harmon, RS (reprint author), ARL Army Res Off, Div Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM russell.harmon@us.army.mil OI Mitasova, Helena/0000-0002-6906-3398 NR 70 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD APR PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 624 EP 640 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.12.014 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 437QI UT WOS:000265501600013 ER PT J AU Brestoff, JR Clippinger, B Spinella, T von Duvillard, SP Nindl, BC Arciero, PJ AF Brestoff, Jonathan R. Clippinger, Benjamin Spinella, Thomas von Duvillard, Serge P. Nindl, Bradley C. Arciero, Paul J. TI An acute bout of endurance exercise but not sprint interval exercise enhances insulin sensitivity (vol 34, pg 25, 2009) SO APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM-PHYSIOLOGIE APPLIQUEE NUTRITION ET METABOLISME LA English DT Correction C1 [Brestoff, Jonathan R.; Clippinger, Benjamin; Spinella, Thomas; Arciero, Paul J.] Skidmore Coll, Dept Exercise Sci, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 USA. [von Duvillard, Serge P.] Salzburg Univ, Dept Sport Sci & Kinesiol, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. [Nindl, Bradley C.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Arciero, PJ (reprint author), Skidmore Coll, Dept Exercise Sci, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 USA. EM parciero@skidmore.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1715-5312 J9 APPL PHYSIOL NUTR ME JI Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. PD APR PY 2009 VL 34 IS 2 BP 306 EP 306 DI 10.1139/H09-031 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 439CL UT WOS:000265604700017 ER PT J AU Yeh, S Li, Z Forooghian, F Hwang, FS Cunningham, MA Pantanelli, S Lew, JC Wroblewski, KK Vitale, S Nussenblatt, RB AF Yeh, Steven Li, Zhuqing Forooghian, Farzin Hwang, Frank S. Cunningham, Matthew A. Pantanelli, Seth Lew, Julie C. Wroblewski, Keith K. Vitale, Susan Nussenblatt, Robert B. TI CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T-Regulatory Cells in Noninfectious Uveitis SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE UVEORETINITIS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; SYNOVIAL-FLUID; ACTIVE UVEITIS; IN-VIVO; FOXP3; EXPRESSION; DISEASE AB Objective: To evaluate CD4(+)Foxp3(+) (forkhead box P3) T-regulatory cell populations in patients with uveitis and to determine if T-regulatory cell populations are associated with disease features. Methods: Patients with uveitis were evaluated for CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T-regulatory cells by flow cytometry. Systemic and ocular diagnoses, disease activity, and the presence of cystoid macular edema were reviewed. Percentages of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) lymphocytes were compared for patients with inactive vs active disease, systemic vs ocular diagnoses, and the presence or absence of cystoid macular edema. Real-time polymerase chain reaction testing was performed on 2 patients with extremely low CD4(+)Foxp3(+) cell populations to assess Foxp3 mRNA. Results: A total of 20 patients with intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, and panuveitis were evaluated. The mean age was 40.6 years and the mean visual acuity was 20/57. Percentages of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) cells were lower in patients with active compared with inactive uveitis (P <.05). No differences in T-regulatory cells were observed between the other subgroups. Two patients with recalcitrant uveitis who demonstrated less than 1% CD4(+)Foxp3(+) lymphocytes showed extremely low or absent Foxp3 mRNA. Conclusion: T-regulatory cells are reduced in patients with active compared with inactive disease. Severe depletion of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells and Foxp3 mRNA in 2 patients with severe uveitis suggests that loss of the T-regulatory cells of uveitis may be a salient feature in certain patients. C1 [Yeh, Steven; Li, Zhuqing; Forooghian, Farzin; Hwang, Frank S.; Cunningham, Matthew A.; Pantanelli, Seth; Lew, Julie C.; Wroblewski, Keith K.; Nussenblatt, Robert B.] NEI, Immunol Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Forooghian, Farzin; Vitale, Susan] NEI, Dept Epidemiol & Clin Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wroblewski, Keith K.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Nussenblatt, RB (reprint author), NEI, Immunol Lab, NIH, 10 Ctr Dr,Bldg 10,10N-112, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM drbob@nei.nih.gov FU Intramural Research Program of the National Eye Institute; National Institutes of Health; Heed Ophthalmic Foundation FX This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, and the Heed Ophthalmic Foundation (Dr Yeh). NR 33 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD APR PY 2009 VL 127 IS 4 BP 407 EP 413 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 431ZN UT WOS:000265103400007 PM 19365016 ER PT J AU Ender, MG AF Ender, Morten G. TI Soldiers Heart: Reading Literature through Peace and War at West Point SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Ender, Morten G.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Ender, MG (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD APR PY 2009 VL 35 IS 3 BP 617 EP 620 DI 10.1177/0095327X08324979 PG 4 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 417LH UT WOS:000264077000014 ER PT J AU Kamimori, GH Ryan, EJ Otterstetter, R Barkley, JE Glickman, EL Davis, HQ AF Kamimori, Gary H. Ryan, Edward J. Otterstetter, Ronald Barkley, Jacob E. Glickman, Ellen L. Davis, Harry Q. TI Catecholamine Levels in Hypoxia-Induced Acute Mountain Sickness SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE altitude sickness; epinephrine; norepinephrine ID HIGH-ALTITUDE EXPOSURE; RESPONSES AB Enhanced sympathoadrenal activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute mountain sickness CAMS). This study was designed to examine the time course of circulating catecholamines in individuals with and without AMS. Methods: Subjects were low-altitude residents (10 men, 8 women) who had not been exposed to altitude within the previous 2 mo. They breathed 12% O(2) (hypoxia equivalent to 4600 m altitude) for 8 h while seated at rest. AMS was evaluated using Lake Louise scores (LLS) at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 h of exposure using a threshold of 3 to define AMS. Blood samples were collected to measure arterial blood gases and oxygen saturation as well as arterial and venous epinephrine (A-EPI and V-EPI) and norepinephrine (A-NE and V-NE). Results: Eight subjects (44%) developed AMS at some time during the experiment. Blood gases showed no significant difference between subjects with or without symptoms (AMS+ and AMS-, respectively). However, AMS+ subjects showed significantly greater concentrations of A-EPI over the 8 h without any between-group difference in V-EPI. Levels of A-NE were significantly higher at baseline and during the first hour of hypoxia in subjects who later developed AMS. V-NE increased significantly over time among all participants with no difference between groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest a possible physiological marker for individuals who may be relatively susceptible to AMS and provide additional insight into he sympathoadrenal response to acute hypoxia. C1 [Kamimori, Gary H.; Ryan, Edward J.; Otterstetter, Ronald; Barkley, Jacob E.; Glickman, Ellen L.; Davis, Harry Q.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Kamimori, GH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave,2W97, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM gary.kamimori@us.army.mil OI Barkley, Jacob/0000-0002-4254-4626 NR 21 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2009 VL 80 IS 4 BP 376 EP 380 DI 10.3357/ASEM.2336.2009 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 427LL UT WOS:000264780700006 PM 19378908 ER PT J AU Geyer, JA Keenan, SM Woodard, CL Thompson, PA Gerena, L Nichols, DA Gutteridge, CE Waters, NC AF Geyer, Jeanne A. Keenan, Susan M. Woodard, Cassandra L. Thompson, Philip A. Gerena, Lucia Nichols, Daniel A. Gutteridge, Clare E. Waters, Norman C. TI Selective inhibition of Pfmrk, a Plasmodium falciparum CDK, by antimalarial 1,3-diaryl-2-propenones SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Pfmrk; CDK7; Malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; Chalcone; Kinase inhibitors; Cyclin dependent protein kinase; Anti-malarials; Drug target; Parasite ID CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES; PROTEIN-KINASES; ANTIPARASITIC CHEMOTHERAPY; CELL-CYCLE; IDENTIFICATION; MALARIA; ACTIVATION; CHALCONES; TARGETS; AGENT AB The cyclin dependent protein kinases, Pfmrk and PfPK5, most likely play an essential role in cell cycle control and differentiation in Plasmodium falciparum and are thus an attractive target for antimalarial drug development. Various 1,3-diaryl-2-propenones (chalcone derivatives) which selectivity inhibit Pfmrk in the low micromolar range (over PfPK5) are identified. Molecular modeling shows a pair of amino acid residues within the Pfmrk active site which appear to confer this selectivity. Predicted interactions between the chalcones and Pfmrk correlate well with observed potency. Pfmrk inhibition and activity against the parasite in vitro correlate weakly. Several mechanisms of action have been suggested for chalcone derivatives and our study suggests that kinase inhibition may be an additional mechanism of antimalarial activity for this class of compounds. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Geyer, Jeanne A.; Woodard, Cassandra L.; Gerena, Lucia; Nichols, Daniel A.; Waters, Norman C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Keenan, Susan M.; Thompson, Philip A.] Univ No Colorado, Sch Biol Sci, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. [Gutteridge, Clare E.] USN Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA. RP Waters, NC (reprint author), Australian Army Malaria Inst, Enoggera, Qld 4051, Australia. EM norman.waters@us.army.mil NR 26 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2009 VL 19 IS 7 BP 1982 EP 1985 DI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.02.042 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 418SS UT WOS:000264169700030 PM 19250824 ER PT J AU Bannon, DI Dillman, JF Hable, MA Phillips, CS Perkins, EJ AF Bannon, Desmond I. Dillman, James F. Hable, Michael A. Phillips, Christopher S. Perkins, Edward J. TI Global Gene Expression in Rat Brain and Liver after Oral Exposure to the Explosive Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRIMETHYLENETRINITRAMINE RDX AB RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) is a synthetic, high-impact, relatively stable explosive that has been in use since WWII. Exposure to RDX can occur in occupational settings (e.g., during manufacture) or through the inadvertent ingestion of contaminated environmental media such as groundwater. The toxicology of RDX is dominated by acute clonic-tonic seizures at high doses, which remit when exposure is removed and internal RDX levels decrease. Subchronic studies have revealed few other measurable toxic effects. The objective of this study was to examine the acute effects of RDX on the mammalian brain and liver using global gene expression analysis based on a predetermined maximum internal dose. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given a single, oral, nonseizure-inducing dose of either 3 or 18 mg/kg RDX in a gel capsule. Effects on gene expression in the cerebral cortex and liver were assessed using Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 whole genome arrays at 0, 3.5, 24, and 48 h postexposure. RDX blood and brain tissue concentrations rapidly increased between 0 and 3.5 h, followed by decreases at 24 h to below the detection limit at 48 h. Pairwise comparison of high and low doses at each time point showed dramatic differential changes in gene expression at 3.5 h, the time of peak RDX in brain and blood. Using Gene Ontology, biological processes that affected neurotransmission were shown to be primarily down-regulated in the brain, the target organ of toxicity, while those that affected metabolism were up-regulated in the liver, the site of metabolism. Overall, these results demonstrate that a single oral dose of RDX is quickly absorbed and transported into the brain where processes related to neurotransmission are negatively affected, consistent with a potential excitotoxic response, whereas in the liver there was a positive effect on biological processes potentially associated with RDX metabolism. C1 [Bannon, Desmond I.] USA, Directorate Toxicol, CHPPM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Dillman, James F.; Phillips, Christopher S.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Hable, Michael A.] CHPPM, Directorate Lab Sci, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Environm Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Bannon, DI (reprint author), USA, Directorate Toxicol, CHPPM, Bldg E2100, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM desmond.bannon@us.army.mil NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2009 VL 22 IS 4 BP 620 EP 625 DI 10.1021/tx800444k PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 436KF UT WOS:000265412300004 PM 19239275 ER PT J AU Dillman, JF Phillips, CS Kniffin, DM Tompkins, CP Hamilton, TA Kan, RK AF Dillman, James F., III Phillips, Christopher S. Kniffin, Denise M. Tompkins, Christina P. Hamilton, Tracey A. Kan, Robert K. TI Gene Expression Profiling of Rat Hippocampus Following Exposure to the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Soman SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED SEIZURES; SARIN EXPOSURE; GUINEA-PIGS; BRAIN; NEUROPATHOLOGY; MECHANISMS; ATROPINE; PROTEIN AB Soman (O-pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is a potent neurotoxicant. Acute exposure to soman causes acetylcholinesterase inhibition, resulting in excessive levels of acetylcholine. Excessive acetylcholine levels cause convulsions, seizures, and respiratory distress. The initial cholinergic crisis can be overcome by rapid anticholinergic therapeutic intervention, resulting in increased survival. However, conventional treatments do not protect the brain from seizure-related damage, and thus, neurodegeneration of soman-sensitive brain areas is a potential postexposure outcome. We performed gene expression profiling of the rat hippocampus following soman exposure to gain greater insight into the molecular pathogenesis of roman-induced neurodegeneration. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with the oxime HI-6 (1-(((4-aminocarbonyl)pyridinio)methoxyl)methyl)-2-((hydroxyimino)methyl)-pyridinium dichloride; 125 mg/kg, ip) 30 min prior to challenge with soman (180 mu g/kg, sc). One minute after soman challenge, animals were treated with atropine methyl nitrate (2.0 mg/kg, im). Hippocampi were harvested 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 168 h after soman exposure and RNA extracted to generate microarray probes for gene expression profiling. Principal component analysis of the microarray data revealed a progressive alteration in gene expression profiles beginning 1 h postexposure and continuing through 24 h postexposure. At 48 h to 168 h postexposure, the gene expression profiles clustered nearer to controls but did not completely return to control profiles. On the basis of the principal component analysis, analysis of variance was used to identify the genes most significantly changed as a result of soman at each postexposure time point. To gain insight into the biological relevance of these gene expression changes, genes were rank ordered by p-value and categorized using gene ontology-based algorithms into biological functions, canonical pathways, and gene networks significantly affected by soman. Numerous signaling and inflammatory pathways were identified as perturbed by soman. These data provide important insights into the molecular pathways involved in roman-induced neuropathology and a basis for generating hypotheses about the mechanism of roman-induced neurodegeneration. C1 [Dillman, James F., III; Phillips, Christopher S.] USA, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Kniffin, Denise M.; Tompkins, Christina P.; Hamilton, Tracey A.; Kan, Robert K.] USA, Comparat Pathol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Dillman, JF (reprint author), USA, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.dillman@us.army.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Joint Science and Technology Office; Medical ST Division FX We thank Dr. John McDonough and Dr. Erik Johnson for the critical reading of the manuscript, and Ms. Kathryn Flynn for technical assistance. This research was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Joint Science and Technology Office, Medical S&T Division. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Army or the Department of Defense. In conducting the research described in this chemical profile, the investigators adhered to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council in accordance with stipulations mandated for an AAALAC accredited facility. NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2009 VL 22 IS 4 BP 633 EP 638 DI 10.1021/tx800466v PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 436KF UT WOS:000265412300006 PM 19281266 ER PT J AU Kaminski, RW Turbyfill, KR Chao, C Ching, WM Oaks, EV AF Kaminski, Robert W. Turbyfill, K. Ross Chao, C. Ching, W. M. Oaks, Edwin V. TI Mucosal Adjuvanticity of a Shigella Invasin Complex with DNA-Based Vaccines SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; RICKETTSIA-TSUTSUGAMUSHI; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CATIONIC LIPOSOMES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PROTEIN ANTIGEN; IPA INVASINS AB Protection against many infectious diseases may require the induction of cell-mediated and mucosal immunity. Immunization with plasmid DNA-based vaccines has successfully induced cell-mediated immune responses in small animals but is less potent in humans. Therefore, several methods are under investigation to augment DNA vaccine immunogenicity. In the current study, a mucosal adjuvant consisting of an invasin protein-lipopolysaccharide complex (Invaplex) isolated from Shigella spp. was evaluated as an adjuvant for DNA-based vaccines. Coadministration of plasmid DNA encoding the Orientia tsutsugamushi r56Karp protein with Invaplex resulted in enhanced cellular and humoral responses in intranasally immunized mice compared to immunization with DNA without adjuvant. Mucosal immunoglobulin A, directed to plasmid-encoded antigen, was detected in lung and intestinal compartments after Invaplex-DNA immunization followed by a protein booster. Moreover, immunization with Invaplex elicited Shigella-specific immune responses, highlighting its potential use in a combination vaccine strategy. The capacity of Invaplex to enhance the immunogenicity of plasmid-encoded genes suggested that Invaplex promoted the uptake and expression of the delivered genes. To better understand the native biological activities of Invaplex related to its adjuvanticity, interactions between Invaplex and mammalian cells were characterized. Invaplex rapidly bound to and was internalized by non-phagocytic, eukaryotic cells in an endocytic process dependent on actin polymerization and independent of microtubule formation. Invaplex also mediated transfection with several plasmid DNA constructs, which could be inhibited with monoclonal antibodies specific for IpaB and IpaC or Invaplex-specific polyclonal sera. The cellular binding and transport capabilities of Invaplex likely contribute to the adjuvanticity and immunogenicity of Invaplex. C1 [Kaminski, Robert W.; Turbyfill, K. Ross; Oaks, Edwin V.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Chao, C.; Ching, W. M.] USN, Rickettsial Dis Res Program, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Kaminski, RW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Bacterial & Rickettsial Dis, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Robert.Kaminski@amedd.army.mil RI Chao, Chien-Chung/A-8017-2011 NR 53 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD APR PY 2009 VL 16 IS 4 BP 574 EP 586 DI 10.1128/CVI.00435-08 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 429RS UT WOS:000264938400021 PM 19225079 ER PT J AU Nelson, DR Davis, GL Jacobson, I Everson, GT Fried, MW Harrison, SA Hassanein, T Jensen, DM Lindsay, KL Terrault, N Zein, N AF Nelson, David R. Davis, Gary L. Jacobson, Ira Everson, Gregory T. Fried, Michael W. Harrison, Stephen A. Hassanein, Tarek Jensen, Donald M. Lindsay, Karen L. Terrault, Norah Zein, Nizar TI Hepatitis C Virus: A Critical Appraisal of Approaches to Therapy SO CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SUSTAINED VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE; INTERFERON-ALPHA-2B PLUS RIBAVIRIN; CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; TERM-FOLLOW-UP; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ALPHA-2A (40 KD)/RIBAVIRIN; SIMPLE NONINVASIVE INDEX; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; CHRONIC VIRAL-HEPATITIS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA C1 [Nelson, David R.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Davis, Gary L.; Jensen, Donald M.] Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. [Everson, Gregory T.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Hepatol, Aurora, CO USA. [Fried, Michael W.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hepatol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Harrison, Stephen A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Hepatol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Hassanein, Tarek] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med & Surg, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Jacobson, Ira] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, New York, NY USA. Univ Chicago, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Lindsay, Karen L.] Univ So Calif, Hepatitis Res & Treatment Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Terrault, Norah] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Zein, Nizar] Cleveland Clin, Dept Hepatol & Transplantat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Nelson, DR (reprint author), Univ Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd,Room M440,Med Sci Bldg, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM nelsodr@medicine.ufl.edu NR 163 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1542-3565 J9 CLIN GASTROENTEROL H JI Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD APR PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 397 EP 414 DI 10.1016/j.cgh.2008.11.016 PG 18 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 430RQ UT WOS:000265006600008 PM 19114127 ER PT J AU Veerappan, GR Perry, JL Duncan, TJ Baker, TP Maydonovitch, C Lake, JM Wong, RKH Osgard, EM AF Veerappan, Ganesh R. Perry, Joseph L. Duncan, Timothy J. Baker, Thomas P. Maydonovitch, Corinne Lake, Jason M. Wong, Roy K. H. Osgard, Eric M. TI Prevalence of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in an Adult Population Undergoing Upper Endoscopy: A Prospective Study SO CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REFLUX ESOPHAGITIS; FEATURES; VARIABILITY; CHILDREN AB Background & Aims: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the esophagus. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the prevalence and clinical predictors of EoE in patients undergoing elective upper endoscopy. Methods: We enrolled 400 consecutive adults (median age, 50 years; range, 19-92 years) who underwent routine upper endoscopy from March to September 2007 at a tertiary care military hospital. All patients completed a symptom questionnaire. All endoscopic findings were noted. Eight biopsies were obtained from proximal and distal esophagus and were reviewed by a blinded gastrointestinal pathologist. Patients had EoE if >= 20 eosinophils/high-power field were present. Results: The prevalence of EoE in this cohort was 6.5% (25/385; 95% confidence interval, 4.3%-9.4%). Compared with EoE negative patients, EoE positive patients were more likely to be mate (80.0% vs 48.1%, P = .003),younger than 50 years (72.0% vs 48.9%, P = .037), and have asthma (32.0% vs 10.8%, P = .006), a food impaction (32.0% vs 8.9%, P = .002), dysphagia (64.0% vs 38.1%, P = .018), and classic endoscopic findings (rings, furrows, plaques, or strictures) of EoE (all P < .01). Logistic regression identified asthma (odds ratio [OR], 4.48), male gender (OR, 4.23), and esophageal rings (OR, 13.1) as independent predictors of EoE. The presence of classic endoscopic findings of EoE had a sensitivity of 72% (54%-88%), specificity of 89% (87%-90%), and negative predictive value of 98% (95.6%-99.1%). Conclusions: The prevalence of EoE in an outpatient population undergoing upper endoscopy was 6.5%. The characteristic findings of EoE patients included male gender, history of asthma, and the presence of classic findings of EoE on endoscopy, which is the strongest predictor of this disease process. C1 [Veerappan, Ganesh R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Baker, Thomas P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Veerappan, GR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Ganesh.veerappan@amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 113 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1542-3565 J9 CLIN GASTROENTEROL H JI Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD APR PY 2009 VL 7 IS 4 BP 420 EP 426 DI 10.1016/j.cgh.2008.10.009 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 430RQ UT WOS:000265006600010 PM 19162236 ER PT J AU Potter, BK Adams, SC Pitcher, JD Malinin, TI Temple, HT AF Potter, Benjamin K. Adams, Sheila C. Pitcher, J. David, Jr. Malinin, Theodore I. Temple, H. Thomas TI Proximal Humerus Reconstructions for Tumors SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID METASTATIC BONE-DISEASE; SHOULDER-GIRDLE; ENDOPROSTHETIC RECONSTRUCTIONS; OSTEOARTICULAR ALLOGRAFTS; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; MUSCULOSKELETAL; REPLACEMENT; RESECTIONS; FRACTURES; SURVIVAL AB The optimal method for reconstructing the proximal humerus in patients with tumors is controversial. To determine functional outcomes and complication rates after different types of reconstructions, we reviewed a consecutive series of 49 patients who underwent proximal humerus resection and osteoarticular allograft (17 patients), allograft-prosthetic composite (16), or endoprosthetic (16) reconstruction. Operative indications included primary malignancies (24 patients), metastatic disease (19), and benign aggressive disease (six). Implant revision was more common after osteoarticular reconstruction (five of 17) than after allograft-prosthetic composite (one of 16) or endoprosthetic (zero of 16) reconstructions. At a minimum followup of 24 months (median, 98 months; range, 24-214 months) in surviving patients, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional scores averaged 79% for the allograft-prosthetic composite, 71% for the osteoarticular allograft, and 69% for the endoprosthetic reconstruction cohorts. Shoulder instability was associated with abductor mechanism compromise and was more common after endoprosthetic reconstruction. Allograft fractures occurred in 53% of patients receiving osteoarticular allografts. We recommend allograft-prosthetic composite reconstruction for younger patients with primary tumors of bone and endoprosthetic reconstruction for older patients with metastatic disease. Because of the unacceptable complication rate, we do not recommend osteoarticular allograft reconstruction for routine use in the proximal humerus. Level of Evidence: Level III, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. C1 [Potter, Benjamin K.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Integrated Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Malinin, Theodore I.; Temple, H. Thomas] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Potter, BK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Integrated Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2A,Room 205, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Benjamin.potter@amedd.army.mil OI Potter, MD, Benjamin K./0000-0002-8771-0317 NR 31 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD APR PY 2009 VL 467 IS 4 BP 1035 EP 1041 DI 10.1007/s11999-008-0531-x PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 414MU UT WOS:000263869000025 PM 18820983 ER PT J AU Hack, KM Pedersen, R AF Hack, Kara-Marie Pedersen, Robert TI Mental Status Changes and Bradycardia: Don't Forget the Eye! Traumatic Hyphema Can Mimic Increased Intracranial Pressure SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN C1 [Hack, Kara-Marie; Pedersen, Robert] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Hack, KM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM karamarie.hack@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD APR PY 2009 VL 48 IS 3 BP 331 EP 333 DI 10.1177/0009922808324490 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 422YA UT WOS:000264462400017 PM 18832533 ER PT J AU Hanus, JP Bank, LC Oliva, MG AF Hanus, Joseph P. Bank, Lawrence C. Oliva, Michael G. TI Combined loading of a bridge deck reinforced with a structural FRP stay-in-place form SO CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Fiber-reinforced-polymer; Stay-in-place form; Military bridge; Shear; Flexural-shear; Combined loading; Neutral axis ID POLYMER BARS; CONCRETE; SYSTEM; CONSTRUCTION; COLUMNS; STRENGTH AB The investigation of a structural fiber-reinforced-polymer (FRP) stay-in-place (SIP) form used to construct and reinforce a deck for a prototype military bridge system is discussed in this paper. For this application the deck is subjected to combined bending and compressive longitudinal axial load because it also serves as the top chord of the truss for the bridge system. In all experimental program, deck specimens were tested in several configurations. The results are compared to ACI 440 design guide equations, and capacity prediction techniques are proposed for limit states associated with flexural and flexural-shear under the combined loading. It was found that the ACI 440 equations accurately predicted the flexural and flexural-shear capacities under combined loads provided that eccentricity due to the combined loading was accounted for in the calculations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hanus, Joseph P.] US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10096 USA. [Bank, Lawrence C.; Oliva, Michael G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hanus, JP (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10096 USA. EM Joseph.Hanus@usma.edu FU University of Wisconsin-Madison in the Wisconsin Structures and Materials Testing Laboratory FX All opinions are of the authors, not the US Army. FRP material was donated by Strongwell and concrete fiber reinforcement was donated by Propex Concrete Systems. The work was performed at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the Wisconsin Structures and Materials Testing Laboratory. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0618 J9 CONSTR BUILD MATER JI Constr. Build. Mater. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 IS 4 BP 1605 EP 1619 DI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.11.008 PG 15 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science GA 416IS UT WOS:000264000000013 ER PT J AU Lettieri, CJ Shah, AA Greenburg, DL AF Lettieri, Christopher J. Shah, Anita A. Greenburg, David L. TI An intensivist-directed intensive care unit improves clinical outcomes in a combat zone SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE intensive care unit; staffing models; mortality; outcomes; ventilator-associated pneumonia; ventilator days ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; OPERATION-ENDURING-FREEDOM; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; ORGANIZATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS; RESOURCE UTILIZATION; INSULIN THERAPY; PROTOCOL; TRAUMA; MORTALITY; ICU AB Objective: Intensivist-directed intensive care units (ICUs) have been shown to improve clinical outcomes. Numerous barriers exist that limit hospitals adopting this practice. We sought to show this staffing model can be implemented in an austere environment with limited resources resulting in improved outcomes. Design: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of consecutive adult patients admitted to the ICU between March 2004 and January 2007. Setting: This study was conducted in an ICU in a U.S. Army Combat Support Hospital deployed to Afghanistan. Patients. North Atlantic Trade Organization members (U.S. military service members, American civilian contractors, members of the North Atlantic Trade Organization Coalition International Security Assistance Force), members of the Afghanistan National Army and National Police, and local Afghani nationals were included in the study. Both traumatic injuries and medical illnesses were treated. Interventions. During the observation period, the ICU was converted from an open model to an intensivist-directed model. Measurements and Main Results. Outcomes compared between the two models included ICU and hospital mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and ventilator-associated pneumonia rates. During the observation period, there were 2740 admissions, 965 of which were initially admitted to the ICU. We found significant reductions in ICU mortality (6.6% vs. 4.0%, p < 0.001), duration of mechanical ventilation (4.7 +/- 3.9 days vs. 3.1 +/- 2.7 days, p < 0.001), and rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (42.5% vs. 8.0%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Transition to an intensivist-directed ICU in an Army Combat Support Hospital improved outcomes among ICU patients. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using this model in an austere, combat environment. (Crit Care Med 2009; 37:1256-1260) C1 [Lettieri, Christopher J.; Shah, Anita A.; Greenburg, David L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Lettieri, Christopher J.; Shah, Anita A.; Greenburg, David L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Lettieri, CJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM christopher.lettieri@us.army.mil FU LTC Mark Thompson, MD; LTC Chat Johnson, MD; MAJ Petros Leinonen, MD; SFC Scott Hoffman, RRT FX We thank the men and women deployed to the 14th Combat Support Hospital in support of Operation Enduring Freedom, especially LTC Mark Thompson, MD; LTC Chat Johnson, MD; MAJ Petros Leinonen, MD and SFC Scott Hoffman, RRT. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD APR PY 2009 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1256 EP 1260 DI 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819c167f PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 426HQ UT WOS:000264699000011 PM 19242318 ER PT J AU Mann, EA Pidcoke, HF Salinas, J Wolf, SE Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Mann, Elizabeth A. Pidcoke, Heather F. Salinas, Jose Wolf, Steven E. Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI Hematocrit causes the most significant error in point of care glucometers SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID INTENSIVE INSULIN THERAPY; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; GLUCOSE MEASUREMENT; ACCURACY; METERS; IMPACT C1 [Mann, Elizabeth A.; Pidcoke, Heather F.; Salinas, Jose; Wolf, Steven E.; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Burn Ctr, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Mann, EA (reprint author), USA, Burn Ctr, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD APR PY 2009 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1530 EP 1530 DI 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819d2e8a PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 426HQ UT WOS:000264699000072 PM 19318857 ER PT J AU Broden, CC AF Broden, Caroline C. TI Acute Renal Failure and Mechanical Ventilation: Reality or Myth? SO CRITICAL CARE NURSE LA English DT Article ID END-EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; INDUCED LUNG INJURY; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; FREQUENCY OSCILLATORY VENTILATION; GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; ANTIOXIDANTS C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, US Army Nurse Corps, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Broden, CC (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Nursing, US Army Nurse Corps, 5005 N Piedras Ave, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM ctbroden@msn.com NR 71 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CRITICAL CARE NURSES PI ALISO VIEJO PA 101 COLUMBIA, ALISO VIEJO, CA 92656 USA SN 0279-5442 J9 CRIT CARE NURSE JI Crit. Care Nurse PD APR PY 2009 VL 29 IS 2 BP 62 EP 75 DI 10.4037/ccn2009267 PG 14 WC Critical Care Medicine; Nursing SC General & Internal Medicine; Nursing GA 427JB UT WOS:000264774500082 PM 19339448 ER PT J AU Maani, CV DeSocio, PA Holcomb, JB AF Maani, Christopher V. DeSocio, Peter A. Holcomb, John B. TI Coagulopathy in trauma patients: what are the main influence factors? SO CURRENT OPINION IN ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coagulopathy; management; resuscitation; trauma ID LIFE-THREATENING COAGULOPATHY; DAMAGE CONTROL RESUSCITATION; WHOLE-BLOOD; HEMORRHAGE CONTROL; CARDIAC-SURGERY; BLEEDING-TIME; COAGULATION; TRANSFUSION; HYPOTHERMIA; ACIDOSIS AB Purpose of review Coagulopathy and bleeding after severe injury is a common problem. Whenever caring for critically ill patients, clinicians must anticipate, recognize and manage the coagulopathy of trauma. When left untreated, cardiovascular shock and multiorgan system failure ensue. Uncompensated hemorrhage often culminates in death, highlighting the significance of recognizing the main influences in coagulopathy of trauma. Recent findings With recent improvements in prehospital care, trauma specialists face more challenging cases than ever before. Hemostatic transfusion strategies, with early and more aggressive use of plasma, platelets, cryoprecipitate and coagulation factor isolates, decrease blood loss in trauma patients. Combined with point-of-care testing for thromboelastography, coagulation panels, lactate and local rho O(2), there is an opportunity for frontline trauma clinicians to directly improve patient outcomes. Summary Although mortality previously was thought to be summarily independent of medical interventions and resuscitations, we now know the opposite to be true; it is our expectation and indeed our obligation to recognize and manage the coagulopathy of trauma better than in past years. In as much as we continue to prevent acidosis, hypothermia and the progressive coagulopathy following injury, trauma victims the world over are benefiting and surviving longer, living proof that demonstrates the utility of managing the coagulopathy of trauma. C1 [Maani, Christopher V.; DeSocio, Peter A.] USA, Inst Surg Res & Army Burn Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Holcomb, John B.] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Holcomb, John B.] Ctr Translat Injury Res, Dept Surg, Houston, TX USA. RP Maani, CV (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res & Army Burn Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Christopher.Maani@us.army.mil RI DeSocio, Peter/E-2970-2011 NR 43 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0952-7907 J9 CURR OPIN ANESTHESIO JI Curr. Opin. Anesthesiol. PD APR PY 2009 VL 22 IS 2 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1097/ACO.0b013e32832922be PG 6 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 435MY UT WOS:000265349200018 PM 19300245 ER PT J AU Baldwin, CD Howe, GB Sampath, R Blyn, LB Matthews, H Harpin, V Hall, TA Drader, JJ Hofstadler, SA Eshoo, MW Rudnick, K Studarus, K Moore, D Abbott, S Janda, JM Whitehouse, CA AF Baldwin, Carson D. Howe, Gerald B. Sampath, Ranga Blyn, Larry B. Matthews, Heather Harpin, Vanessa Hall, Thomas A. Drader, Jared J. Hofstadler, Steve A. Eshoo, Mark W. Rudnick, Karl Studarus, Karen Moore, David Abbott, Sharon Janda, J. Michael Whitehouse, Chris A. TI Usefulness of multilocus polymerase chain reaction followed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to identify a diverse panel of bacterial isolates SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Broad-range PCR; Mass spectrometry; Rapid detection; Bacterial diagnostics ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PCR ASSAY; CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY; UNIVERSAL BIOSENSOR; IDENTIFICATION; MYCOBACTERIA; AMPLIFICATION; GENES AB Polymerase chain reaction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) was tested for its ability to accurately identify a blinded panel of 156 diverse bacterial isolates, mostly human and/or animal pathogens. Here, 142/156 (91%) isolates were correctly identified to the genus level and 115/156 (74%) were correctly identified to the species level. Only 9% were misidentified. This study shows that multilocus PCR/ESI-MS has the potential to be a useful technique for identifying a broad range of bacteria. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Whitehouse, Chris A.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Sampath, Ranga; Blyn, Larry B.; Matthews, Heather; Harpin, Vanessa; Hall, Thomas A.; Drader, Jared J.; Hofstadler, Steve A.; Eshoo, Mark W.] Ibis Biosci Inc, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. [Rudnick, Karl; Studarus, Karen; Moore, David] SAIC, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Abbott, Sharon; Janda, J. Michael] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Microbial Dis Lab, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. RP Whitehouse, CA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM chris.whitehouse@amedd.army.mil NR 22 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2009 VL 63 IS 4 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2008.12.012 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 429QI UT WOS:000264934800012 PM 19232863 ER PT J AU Tokars, JI Burkom, H Xing, J English, R Bloom, S Cox, K Pavlin, JA AF Tokars, Jerome I. Burkom, Howard Xing, Jian English, Roseanne Bloom, Steven Cox, Kenneth Pavlin, Julie A. TI Enhancing Time-Series Detection Algorithms for Automated Biosurveillance SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SYNDROMIC SURVEILLANCE AB BioSense is a US national system that uses data from health information systems for automated disease surveillance. We studied 4 time-series algorithm modifications designed to improve sensitivity for detecting artificially added data. To test these modified algorithms, we used reports of daily syndrome visits from 308 Department of Defense (DoD) facilities and 340 hospital emergency departments (EDs). At a constant alert rate of 1%, sensitivity was improved for both datasets by using a minimum standard deviation (SD) of 1.0, a 14-28 day baseline duration for calculating mean and SD, and an adjustment for total clinic visits as a surrogate denominator. Stratifying baseline days into weekdays versus weekends to account for day-of-week effects increased sensitivity for the DoD data but not for the ED data. These enhanced methods may increase sensitivity without increasing the alert rate and may improve the ability to detect outbreaks by using automated surveillance system data. C1 [Tokars, Jerome I.; Xing, Jian; English, Roseanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Burkom, Howard] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bloom, Steven] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA USA. [Cox, Kenneth] US Dept Def, Washington, DC 20305 USA. [Pavlin, Julie A.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Tokars, JI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E51, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jit1@cdc.gov RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI burkom, howard/0000-0003-0667-9467 NR 18 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 533 EP 539 DI 10.3201/eid1504.080616 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 425NR UT WOS:000264644900003 PM 19331728 ER PT J AU Skahill, BE Baggett, JS Frankenstein, S Downer, CW AF Skahill, Brian E. Baggett, Jeffrey S. Frankenstein, Susan Downer, Charles W. TI More efficient PEST compatible model independent model calibration SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Calibration efficiency; Secant version of Levenberg-Marquardt; Multi-Level Single Linkage ID GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION METHODS; RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELS; WATERSHED MODEL; MULTIOBJECTIVE CALIBRATION; AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; SENSITIVITY; CATCHMENT; SCALE; HSPF AB This article describes some of the capabilities encapsulated within the Model Independent Calibration and Uncertainty Analysis Toolbox (MICUT), which was written to support the popular PEST model independent interface. We have implemented a secant version of the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) method that requires far fewer model calls for local search than the PEST LM methodology. Efficiency studies on three distinct environmental model structures (HSPF, FASST and GSSHA) show that we can find comparable local minima with 36-84% fewer model calls than a conventional model independent LM application. Using the secant LM method for local search, MICUT also supports global optimization through the use of a slightly modified version of a stochastic global search technique called Multi-Level Single Linkage [Rinnooy Kan, A.H.G., Timmer, G., 1987a. Stochastic global optimization methods, part 1: clustering methods. Math. Program. 39, 27-56; Rinnooy Kan, A.H.G., Timmer, G., 1987b. Stochastic global optimization methods, part ii: multi level methods. Math. Program. 39, 57-78.]. Comparison studies with three environmental models suggest that the stochastic global optimization algorithm in MICUT is at least as, and sometimes more efficient and reliable than the global optimization algorithms available in PEST. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Skahill, Brian E.; Downer, Charles W.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Hydrol Syst Branch,Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Baggett, Jeffrey S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Frankenstein, Susan] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Skahill, BE (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Hydrol Syst Branch,Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM brian.e.skahill@usace.army.mil FU ARO [W911NF06-1-0306] FX Headquarters, US Army Corps of Engineers granted permission for publication of this paper. The authors gratefully acknowledge the constructive comments and suggestions of three anonymous reviewers which improved the quality of our paper. The second author gratefully acknowledges the support of ARO Grant W911NF06-1-0306. NR 63 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD APR PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 517 EP 529 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.09.011 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 396AR UT WOS:000262565100007 ER PT J AU Chappell, MA George, AJ Dontsova, KM Porter, BE Price, CL Zhou, PH Morikawa, E Kennedy, AJ Steevens, JA AF Chappell, Mark A. George, Aaron J. Dontsova, Katerina M. Porter, Beth E. Price, Cynthia L. Zhou, Pingheng Morikawa, Eizi Kennedy, Alan J. Steevens, Jeffery A. TI Surfactive stabilization of multi-walled carbon nanotube dispersions with dissolved humic substances SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Carbon nanotubes; Surfactants; Humic substances ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ADSORPTION AB Soil humic substances (HS) stabilize carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersions, a mechanism we hypothesized arose from the surfactive nature of HS. Experiments dispersing multi-walled CNT in solutions of dissolved Aldrich humic acid (HA) or water-extractable Catlin soil HS demonstrated enhanced stability at 150 and 300 mg L-1 added Aldrich HA and Catlin HS, respectively, corresponding with decreased CNT mean particle diameter (MPD) and polydispersivity (PD) of 250 nm and 0.3 for Aldrich HA and 450 nm and 0.35 for Catlin HS. Analogous trends in MPD and PD were observed with addition of the surfactants Brij 35, Triton X-405, and SDS, corresponding to surfactant sorption maximum. NEWS characterization showed that Aldrich HA contained highly surfactive domains while Catlin soil possessed a mostly carbohydrate-based structure. This work demonstrates that the chemical structure of humic materials in natural waters is directly linked to their surfactive ability to disperse CNT released into the environment Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chappell, Mark A.; Price, Cynthia L.; Kennedy, Alan J.; Steevens, Jeffery A.] USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [George, Aaron J.; Dontsova, Katerina M.; Porter, Beth E.] SpecPro Inc, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Zhou, Pingheng; Morikawa, Eizi] Louisiana State Univ, J Bennett Johnston Sr Ctr Adv Microstruct & Devic, Baton Rouge, LA 70806 USA. RP Chappell, MA (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM marka.chappell@usace.army.mil FU US Army Engineer Research and Development Center; US Army Corps of Engineers; Charlotte Hayes, SpecPro, Inc. FX The tests described and the resulting data presented herein, unless otherwise noted, were obtained from research conducted under the US Army In-House Laboratory Independent Research Program by the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center. The authors express their appreciation to Robert Kirgan and Anthony Bednar, Environmental Laboratory, US Army Corps of Engineers, and Charlotte Hayes, SpecPro, Inc., for their analysis of Triton X and SDS surfactants, and the helpful comments of two anonymous reviewers. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. NR 30 TC 64 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD APR PY 2009 VL 157 IS 4 BP 1081 EP 1087 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.09.039 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 427MF UT WOS:000264782700004 PM 19000646 ER PT J AU Banasik, M Biesemeier, J Ariano, JM Harbison, RD Hover, CG Price, DJ Hardy, M Stedeford, T AF Banasik, Marek Biesemeier, John Ariano, John M. Harbison, Raymond D. Hover, Carl G. Price, Debra J. Hardy, Marcia Stedeford, Todd TI Comment on "Elevated House Dust and Serum Concentrations of PBDEs in California: Unintended Consequences of Furniture Flammability Standards?" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; ADULT MICE; BEHAVIOR; EXPOSURE C1 [Banasik, Marek] Inst Publ Hlth & Environm Protect, Warsaw, Poland. [Biesemeier, John; Ariano, John M.] Chemtura Corp, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Harbison, Raymond D.] Univ S Florida, Ctr Environm & Occupat Risk Anal & Management, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. [Hover, Carl G.] USA, Safety Environm & Integrated Planning Off, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Price, Debra J.] Environm Protect Commiss Hillsborough Cty, Air Management Div, Tampa, FL USA. [Hardy, Marcia; Stedeford, Todd] Albemarle Corp, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Banasik, M (reprint author), Inst Publ Hlth & Environm Protect, Warsaw, Poland. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD APR 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 7 BP 2659 EP 2660 DI 10.1021/es803313q PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 427DI UT WOS:000264759600084 PM 19452932 ER PT J AU Ahmed, AA Jones, OY AF Ahmed, Atif A. Jones, Olcay Y. TI RENAL PATHOLOGY AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDIES ON NATURAL HISTORY OF BXSB LUPUS MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ahmed, Atif A.] Childrens Mercy Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Jones, Olcay Y.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 1004.2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621506436 ER PT J AU Andres, DK Keyser, B Zhang, P Benton, B Ray, P Ray, R AF Andres, Devon K. Keyser, Brian Zhang, Peng Benton, Betty Ray, Prabhati Ray, Radharaman TI A Novel Irreversible Peptide Inhibitor to Counteract Botulinum Neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) Poisoning In Vitro SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Andres, Devon K.; Keyser, Brian; Benton, Betty; Ray, Radharaman] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Div Res, Cell & Mol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Zhang, Peng; Ray, Prabhati] WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 676.8 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621503744 ER PT J AU Antczak, AJ Catrambone, DE Loban, A Hendrickson, NR Young, AJ Scrimgeour, AS AF Antczak, Amanda Jayne Catrambone, Daniel E. Loban, Adrei Hendrickson, Nathan R. Young, Andrew J. Scrimgeour, Angus S. TI Differential Osteogenic Effect of Phytase Supplementation to a Low Zinc Diet in Rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Antczak, Amanda Jayne; Catrambone, Daniel E.; Loban, Adrei; Hendrickson, Nathan R.; Young, Andrew J.; Scrimgeour, Angus S.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 220.6 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621500573 ER PT J AU Baer, LA Pidcoke, HF Wu, XW Silliman, DT Walters, T Tou, J Wolf, SE Wade, CE AF Baer, Lisa A. Pidcoke, Heather F. Wu, Xiaowu Silliman, David T. Walters, Thomas Tou, Janet Wolf, Steven E. Wade, Charles E. TI Insulin Therapy Effects on Bone Health in Rats Following Severe Burn and Disuse SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Baer, Lisa A.; Pidcoke, Heather F.; Wu, Xiaowu; Silliman, David T.; Walters, Thomas; Wolf, Steven E.; Wade, Charles E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Tou, Janet] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 1031.1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621500438 ER PT J AU Blaha, MD Helwig, BG Leon, LR AF Blaha, Michael D. Helwig, Bryan G. Leon, Lisa R. TI Plasma Soluble Cytokine Receptor Levels are Elevated during Heat Stroke Recovery in Mice SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Blaha, Michael D.; Helwig, Bryan G.; Leon, Lisa R.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 1026.6 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621502224 ER PT J AU Bowman, P Bynum, J Kiang, JG Baer, D Johnson, J Dubick, M AF Bowman, Phillip Bynum, James Kiang, Juliann G. Baer, David Johnson, Joanna Dubick, Michael TI Noninvasive imaging of hemorrhage-induced global ischemia with a transgenic mouse expressing luciferase coupled to hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1 alpha) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bowman, Phillip; Bynum, James; Baer, David; Johnson, Joanna; Dubick, Michael] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. [Kiang, Juliann G.] Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Sci Res Dept, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 1038.3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621502267 ER PT J AU Campbell, AJ Olson, J Moorad-Doctor, D Kim, A Garcia, GE AF Campbell, Amy J. Olson, John Moorad-Doctor, Deborah Kim, Andrew Garcia, Gregory E. TI Innovative oximes as potential blood-brain barrier penetrating cholinesterase reactivators SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Campbell, Amy J.; Olson, John; Moorad-Doctor, Deborah; Kim, Andrew; Garcia, Gregory E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 947.2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621502639 ER PT J AU Catrambone, DE Antczak, AJ Hendrickson, NR Regalia, RS Young, AJ Scrimgeour, AG AF Catrambone, Daniel E. Antczak, Amanda J. Hendrickson, Nathan R. Regalia, Ryan S. Young, Andrew J. Scrimgeour, Angus G. TI Effects of Moderate Zinc Deficiency and Phytase Supplementation on Lumbar Vertebrae in Exercising Rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Catrambone, Daniel E.; Antczak, Amanda J.; Hendrickson, Nathan R.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Regalia, Ryan S.; Young, Andrew J.; Scrimgeour, Angus G.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 906.4 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621501614 ER PT J AU Colvin, SK Dubick, MA Martini, WZ AF Colvin, Shavaughn Kristin Dubick, Michael A. Martini, Wenjun Z. TI Comparison of plasma volume assessments following hemorrhagic shock in pigs SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Colvin, Shavaughn Kristin; Dubick, Michael A.; Martini, Wenjun Z.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 794.7 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621505094 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Rickards, CA Ryan, KL AF Convertino, Victor A. Rickards, Caroline A. Ryan, Kathy L. TI EVIDENCE FOR A HEART RATE MECHANISM ASSOCIATED WITH TOLERANCE TO PROGRESSIVE CENTRAL HYPOVOLEMIA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Convertino, Victor A.; Rickards, Caroline A.; Ryan, Kathy L.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Div Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 1019.6 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621501416 ER PT J AU Darlington, DN Gann, DS AF Darlington, Daniel N. Gann, Donald S. TI Bufalin Prevents Rrestoration of Blood Volume after Hemorrhage. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Darlington, Daniel N.] USA, DCRP, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Gann, Donald S.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 794.9 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621505165 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Barr, JL Klemcke, HG AF Dubick, Michael A. Barr, Johnny L. Klemcke, Harold G. TI Antioxidant status in different genetic strains of rats subjected to severe hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dubick, Michael A.; Barr, Johnny L.; Klemcke, Harold G.] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 794.2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621501181 ER PT J AU Enquobahrie, DA Qiu, CF Muhie, S Slentz-Kesler, K Williams, MA AF Enquobahrie, Daniel A. Qiu, Chunfang Muhie, Seid Slentz-Kesler, Kimberley Williams, Michelle A. TI Early pregnancy blood gene expression in women destined to deliver preterm SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Enquobahrie, Daniel A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Qiu, Chunfang] Swedish Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Muhie, Seid] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Slentz-Kesler, Kimberley] Almac Diagnost, Durham, NC USA. [Williams, Michelle A.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 1006.11 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621503053 ER PT J AU Farrar, RP Song, TJ Hammers, DW Merritt, EK Walters, TJ AF Farrar, Roger P. Song, Tae J. Hammers, David W. Merritt, Edward K. Walters, Thomas J. TI Muscle Regeneration utilizing ECM, MSCs and mechanical loading SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Farrar, Roger P.; Song, Tae J.; Hammers, David W.; Merritt, Edward K.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Kinesiol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Walters, Thomas J.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 601.10 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621504564 ER PT J AU Garcia, GE Vernon, A Moorad-Doctor, D Ratcliffe, RH AF Garcia, Gregory E. Vernon, Alison Moorad-Doctor, Deborah Ratcliffe, Ruthie H. TI (-)Huperzine A, replacement for pyridostigmine bromide as nerve agent pretreatment, measured in Guinea Pig plasma by a new ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-MS method SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Garcia, Gregory E.; Vernon, Alison; Moorad-Doctor, Deborah; Ratcliffe, Ruthie H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 751.5 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621502623 ER PT J AU Hammers, DW Adamo, ML Walters, TJ Farrar, RP AF Hammers, David Wayne Adamo, Martin L. Walters, Tom J. Farrar, Roger P. TI Evidence of apoptosis in skeletal muscle of young and old mice following ischemia-reperfusion injury SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hammers, David Wayne; Farrar, Roger P.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Adamo, Martin L.] UTHSC San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. [Walters, Tom J.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 954.5 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621501183 ER PT J AU Keyser, B Andres, D Benton, B Ray, R AF Keyser, Brian Andres, Devon Benton, Betty Ray, Radharaman TI Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) Suppresses the Fas Response Amplification Loop in Sulfur Mustard (SM)-Exposed Normal Human Bronchial/Tracheal Epithelial (NHBE) Cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Keyser, Brian; Andres, Devon; Benton, Betty; Ray, Radharaman] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 618.7 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621502527 ER PT J AU Klemcke, HG Calderon, ML Taesung, OH AF Klemcke, Harold G. Calderon, Mariam L. Taesung, O. H. TI Blood volumes in inbred rat strains with different survival times after severe hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Klemcke, Harold G.; Calderon, Mariam L.; Taesung, O. H.] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 801.1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621501809 ER PT J AU Lieberman, HR White, A Stavinoha, T McGraw, S Hadden, L Marriott, B AF Lieberman, Harris R. White, Alan Stavinoha, Trisha McGraw, Susan Hadden, Louise Marriott, Bernadette TI Factors associated with use of dietary supplements in the US Army SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lieberman, Harris R.; Stavinoha, Trisha; McGraw, Susan] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [White, Alan; Marriott, Bernadette] ABT Associates Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Hadden, Louise] ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 549.2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621501445 ER PT J AU McClung, JP Karl, P Cable, SJ Williams, KW Young, AJ Lieberman, HR AF McClung, James P. Karl, Philip Cable, Sonya J. Williams, Kelly W. Young, Andrew J. Lieberman, Harris R. TI Efficacy of iron supplementation for the maintenance of iron status in female Soldiers during military training SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McClung, James P.; Karl, Philip; Young, Andrew J.; Lieberman, Harris R.] USA, Mil Nutr Div, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Cable, Sonya J.; Williams, Kelly W.] Directorate Basic Combat Training Experimentat &, Ft Jackson, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 921.6 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621500554 ER PT J AU Merritt, EK Le, LN Gokhale, RA Walters, TJ Farrar, RP AF Merritt, Edward K. Le, Long N. Gokhale, Rohit A. Walters, Thomas J. Farrar, Roger P. TI Repair of traumatic skeletal muscle injury with bone marrow derived cells seeded on extracellular matrix SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Merritt, Edward K.; Le, Long N.; Gokhale, Rohit A.; Farrar, Roger P.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Walters, Thomas J.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Soft Tissue Injury Lab, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 467.4 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621506261 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Rarick, KR Scofield, DE Pierce, JR Stanger, MJ Adam, GE Lieberman, HR AF Nindl, Bradley Charles Rarick, Kevin R. Scofield, Dennis E. Pierce, Joseph R. Stanger, Michael J. Adam, Gina E. Lieberman, Harris R. TI IGF-I SYSTEM TEMPORAL RESPONSES TO CALORIC RESTRICTION DURING CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF INTERSTITIAL GLUCOSE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nindl, Bradley Charles; Rarick, Kevin R.; Scofield, Dennis E.; Pierce, Joseph R.; Adam, Gina E.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Stanger, Michael J.; Lieberman, Harris R.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RI SCOFIELD, DENNIS/F-3636-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 991.24 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621501204 ER PT J AU Oh, T Calderon, M Klemcke, H AF Oh, Taesung Calderon, Mariam Klemcke, Harold TI Cardiac Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNA expression in inbred rat strains after severe hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Oh, Taesung; Calderon, Mariam; Klemcke, Harold] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 MA 801.2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621502233 ER PT J AU Oh, T Calderon, M Klemcke, H AF Oh, Taesung Calderon, Mariam Klemcke, Harold TI Cardiac Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNA expression in inbred rat strains after severe hemorrhage SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Oh, Taesung; Calderon, Mariam; Klemcke, Harold] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2009 VL 23 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA V27OC UT WOS:000208621501847 ER EF