FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Caldwell, JA Caldwell, JL AF Caldwell, JA Caldwell, JL TI An in-flight investigation of the efficacy of dextroamphetamine for sustaining helicopter pilot performance SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SLEEP-DEPRIVATION AB A promising countermeasure for fatigue in sustained aviation operations is stimulant administration. However, well-controlled, aviation-relevant studies of the efficacy of medications such as Dexedrine(R) are virtually nonexistent. In this investigation, fight performance, mood, and alertness were evaluated in 10 UH-60 pilots during sleep deprivation periods under Dexedrine(R) or placebo. Relative to placebo, Dexedrine(R) improved flight performance during straight-and-levels, climbs, descents, right turns, and a left-descending turn, with tendencies toward better performance during the left turns and the instrument landing system approach. Dexedrine(R) markedly reduced subjective feelings of fatigue, confusion, and depression while increasing feelings of vigor. Central nervous system arousal was enhanced by Dexedrine(R) relative to placebo. No significant side effects occurred, although Dexedrine(R) was associated with mild asymptomatic increases in heart rate and BP. Thus, Dexedrine(R) appears effective for the short-term sustainment of aviator performance during sustained operations. However, future work should investigate the efficacy of stimulants for longer-term use (e.g., more than 40 h of continuous wakefulness). RP Caldwell, JA (reprint author), USA,AEROMED RES LAB,POB 620577,FT RUCKER,AL 36362, USA. NR 16 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 68 IS 12 BP 1073 EP 1080 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA YK927 UT WOS:A1997YK92700001 PM 9408555 ER PT J AU James, MLC AF James, MLC TI Biofeedback - A practitioner's guide, 2nd edition - Swartz,MS SO BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Book Review RP James, MLC (reprint author), USA,TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,TRIPLER AMC,HI, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 SN 0896-4289 J9 BEHAV MED JI Behav. Med. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 22 IS 4 BP 178 EP 179 PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychiatry GA WM832 UT WOS:A1997WM83200008 ER PT J AU Lee, JW Yeomans, WG Allen, AL Gross, RA Kaplan, DL AF Lee, JW Yeomans, WG Allen, AL Gross, RA Kaplan, DL TI Microbial production of water-soluble noncurdlan type exopolymer-B with controlled composition by Agrobacterium sp SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID YEAST EXTRACT; AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; CHLOROBENZOIC ACIDS; SUPPLEMENTS AB The cell growth, production of exopolymers, and the molar ratio of glucose to mannose in the water-soluble non curdlan type exopolymer-B (WSNCE-B), which is one of three exopolymers purified from the culture of Agrobacterium sp., varied with carbon source, culture medium, and initial medium pH. The molar percentage of rhamnose, a minor component in WSNCE-B, varied up to 13%, dependent on physiological conditions. No rhamnose was found in the WSNCE-B purified from the culture with initial medium pH greater than or equal to 6.8. The relative amount of mannose in WSNCE-B increased regularly with the amount of yeast extract added to the mineral salts medium. The relative amounts of glucose, mannose, and rhamnose in the WSNCE-B can be controlled by varying culture conditions. C1 Tufts Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Biotechnol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. Univ Lowell, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Div Biotechnol, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Gross, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Ctr Biotechnol, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 19 IS 12 BP 1217 EP 1221 DI 10.1023/A:1018442021914 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA YM181 UT WOS:000071037900012 ER PT J AU Aimone, AC AF Aimone, AC TI O.O. Howard, Union General SO CIVIL WAR HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad Lib, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Aimone, AC (reprint author), US Mil Acad Lib, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KENT STATE UNIV PRESS PI KENT PA C/O JOURNALS DEPT, KENT, OH 44242 USA SN 0009-8078 J9 CIVIL WAR HIST JI Civil War Hist. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 43 IS 4 BP 346 EP 347 PG 2 WC History SC History GA YN967 UT WOS:000071227700014 ER PT J AU Hopkins, MA AF Hopkins, MA TI Onshore ice pile-up: a comparison between experiments and simulations SO COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sea ice mechanics; discrete element modeling (DEM); ice ridging; ice pile-up; pressure ridging ID SEA-ICE; THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION AB Recently computer models have been used to simulate the Arctic pressure ridging process. The results of these simulations have led to revised estimates of the energy dissipated in pressure ridging. This is important in large-scale ice ocean modeling, where the internal strength of the ice pack depends on the energy expended in pressure ridging. However, there has been no experimental data available to establish the accuracy of the simulations. This lack of data is due to the difficulty of modeling the pressure ridging process in the laboratory and of measuring ridge formation in the field. In this work the results of computer simulations of the closely related process of ice pile-up on an inclined ramp are directly compared with the results of a similar series of physical experiments conducted in an ice basin. In the experiments and simulations an inclined ramp is pushed against a long, stationary strip of intact, floating ice. The forces exerted on the ramp, the total energy expended, and the increase in the potential energy of the ice piled on the ramp are measured. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Corps Engineers, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Hopkins, MA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Corps Engineers, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-232X J9 COLD REG SCI TECHNOL JI Cold Reg. Sci. Tech. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 26 IS 3 BP 205 EP 214 DI 10.1016/S0165-232X(97)00015-3 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA ZF596 UT WOS:000072912900004 ER PT J AU Greene, HJ Mansfeld, F AF Greene, HJ Mansfeld, F TI Corrosion protection of aluminum metal-matrix composites SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE Al 6061; A356; Al 2009; Al 2014; aerospace applications; aluminum; anodization; current density; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; metal-matrix composite; pitting potential; potentiodynamic polarization ID AL-ALLOYS; SURFACE MODIFICATION; CHEMICAL PASSIVATION AB Corrosion protection of aluminum metal-matrix composites (MMC) by anodizing treatments was investigated, Electrochemical behavior of MMC without protection also was investigated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization measurements were used to characterize the properties of protective surface layers. Materials studied were Al 6061/SiC (UNS A96061), alloy A356/SiC (UNS A13560), Al 2009/SiC (UNS A92009), Al 2014/Al2O3 (UNS A92014) and Al 6061/Al2O3 with various reinforcement concentrations, The MMC had similar corrosion (E-corr) and pitting (E-pit) potentials as the matrix alloy, The cathodic current density for oxygen reduction in 0.5% N sodium chloride (NaCl) increased for Al 6061/SiC MMC with reinforcement concentration, which was attributed to electrochemically active interfaces between the matrix and the reinforcement particles. Anodizing and hot-water sealing were less effective for MMC than for the matrix aluminum alloys, The reinforcement particles produced a more porous structure of the anodized layer for MMC. improved results were noted for dichromate sealing, where chromium (Cr6+) in the pores of the outer oxide acted as an inhibitor, The effectiveness of corrosion protection methods decreased with increasing reinforcement concentration and was a function of the matrix alloy bur not of the reinforcement material, The observed reduction in corrosion protection was believed to result from corrosion-susceptible interfaces formed between the reinforcement particles and the matrix. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT MAT SCI,CORROS & ENVIRONM EFFECTS LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP Greene, HJ (reprint author), USA,AVIAT & TROOP COMMAND,ST LOUIS,MO 63120, USA. NR 21 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 10 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD DEC PY 1997 VL 53 IS 12 BP 920 EP 927 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YJ942 UT WOS:A1997YJ94200002 ER PT J AU Wolden, CA Davis, RF Sitar, Z Prater, JT AF Wolden, CA Davis, RF Sitar, Z Prater, JT TI Low-temperature deposition of optically transparent diamond using a low-pressure flat flame SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE combustion synthesis; low temperature; acetylene; Raman spectroscopy ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; GROWTH; FILMS; FLOW; SILICON AB The radial uniformity and scaleable nature of flat flames make them an attractive technique for diamond deposition. Due to the high temperatures involved in combustion synthesis, typically molybdenum and silicon have been used as substrates. Here we report low-temperature diamond deposition on glass substrates. Diamond deposition was achieved on ordinary sodium silicate glass at substrate temperatures of similar to 500 degrees C; however, film delamination occurred during cooling after deposition. Vycor(R) and Pyrex(R) are two glasses that have thermal expansion coefficients that are similar to diamond. Continuous, optically transparent films were successfully deposited on both glasses. The diamond films have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). The dependence of hydrogen and sp(2)-bonded carbon incorporation in the films on reactant composition was quantified. These films were optically transparent and showed good adhesion as measured by a simple tape test. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 6 IS 12 BP 1862 EP 1867 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YG136 UT WOS:A1997YG13600018 ER PT J AU Seitz, PF Rakerd, B AF Seitz, PF Rakerd, B TI Auditory stimulus intensity and reaction time in listeners with longstanding sensorineural hearing loss SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article ID IMPAIRED HEARING; DEAF AB Objective: This study examined relationships among sound level, subjective loudness, and reaction time in listeners with longstanding sensorineural hearing loss and loudness recruitment. Design.: A simple reaction-time test was performed by 10 hearing-impaired (HI) subjects with varying degrees of recruitment and by 10 normal-hearing (NH) control subjects. Both groups listened to 0.5 kHz tones presented at a soft level, representing the soft endpoint of a subject's functional dynamic range, and a loud level representing the loud endpoint. In one condition, the loudness level of stimuli within a block was fixed, and hence predictable; in another it varied randomly within a block between loud and soft, adding uncertainty to the simple reaction time task, A test with exactly the same design but using visual stimuli was also performed. Results: I) In general, the HI subjects responded to auditory stimuli with normal or near-normal mean reaction times when stimulus loudness was predictable. 2) Introduction of uncertainty disrupted the reaction time performance of some, but not all, of the HI subjects. 3) Both the HL and the NH subjects responded more quickly to loud tones than to soft; ones. Under the predictable loudness condition the magnitude of this ''speed up'' was nearly identical for the two groups despite the fact that the HI group had, on average, only half the physical dynamic range of the NH group. 4) Visual reaction time performance was equivalent between the HI and NH groups in all important respects. Conclusions: Despite long-term auditory deficits, HI subjects' ability to respond quickly to simple auditory signals is not substantially impaired, particularly when Listening under predictable loudness conditions. Although physical soft-loud ranges will generally be narrower than normal for HI subjects, their reaction time performance at the endpoints of that range is likely to be near normal. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, DEPT AUDIOL & SPEECH SCI, E LANSING, MI 48824 USA. GALLAUDET UNIV, CTR AUDITORY & SPEECH SCI, WASHINGTON, DC 20002 USA. RP Seitz, PF (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, ARMY AUDIOL & SPEECH CTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [R29-DC01643] NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 18 IS 6 BP 502 EP 512 DI 10.1097/00003446-199712000-00008 PG 11 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA YL128 UT WOS:A1997YL12800006 PM 9416452 ER PT J AU Dirnberger, MM AF Dirnberger, MM TI The differing site condition and contractor's risk - A geotechnical engineer's perspective SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE differing site condition; claim; risk; soil mechanics; geotechnical; construction; contractor C1 USA, Corps Engineers, St Louis Dist, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. RP Dirnberger, MM (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, St Louis Dist, 1222 Spruce St, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC ENGINEERING GEOLOGISTS GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI COLLEGE STN PA TEXAS A & M UNIV, DEPT GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS, COLLEGE STN, TX 77843-3115 USA SN 1078-7275 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 3 IS 4 BP 595 EP 597 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA ZQ287 UT WOS:000073842500013 ER PT J AU Neale, CN Bricka, RM Chao, AC AF Neale, CN Bricka, RM Chao, AC TI Evaluating acids and chelating agents for removing heavy metals from contaminated soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS LA English DT Article AB the prevalence of heavy metal soil contamination at Army facilities poses a serious threat to human health and the environment. To address this problem, the US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station in Vicksburg. MS is developing a mobile pilot-scale soil washing treatment facility that can be used to remove metals from the contaminated soils. To support this project, laboratory studies were conducted on both acids and chelating agents to evaluate their ability in extracting heavy metals from contaminated soils. Eight soils contaminated with lead, cadmium, and chromium were selected for use in this study. Contaminant concentrations in the various soils ranged from 4,000-30,000 mg/kg lead, 40-1,000 mg/kg cadmium, and 500-2,000 mg/kg chromium. The results indicated that, before a full-scale clean-up in initiated, a preliminary investigation is needed to determine principal contaminants of concern, their concentrations, and soil type followed by treatability studies to determine optimal reagent and concentrations of reagents for cleanup. Specific results from this study also indicated that Cd was the easiest metal to remove from soils followed by Pb and Cr. The results also suggested that the strong acids and chelating agents were both effective extracting agents, and the latter group of compounds may be more useful in soil washing because they are less harmful to the soil environment. Finally, higher initial concentrations of metal contaminants in the soil resulted in greater metal removal efficiencies using the reagents. C1 Rice Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. USA, Engineer Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Neale, CN (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. NR 15 TC 72 Z9 82 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0278-4491 J9 ENVIRON PROG JI Environ. Prog. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 16 IS 4 BP 274 EP 280 DI 10.1002/ep.3300160416 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ZM962 UT WOS:000073593900009 ER PT J AU Ling, HI Leshchinsky, D Perry, EB AF Ling, HI Leshchinsky, D Perry, EB TI Seismic design and performance of geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures SO GEOTECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE earthquakes; limit state design/analysis; reinforced soils; retaining walls; slopes; soil/structure interaction AB Seismic design procedures are proposed for geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures, The procedures are based on a pseudo-static limit equilibrium analysis, which considers horizontal acceleration and incorporates a permanent displacement limit, Internal and external stability analyses are conducted to determine the required strength and length of geosynthetic, considering different modes of failure, Parametric studies illustrate the effects of seismic acceleration on the design of reinforced soil structures having different slope angles and soil properties, For vertical slopes at small seismic acceleration, tieback/compound failure dictates the required geosynthetic length, The length required to resist direct sliding increases rapidly as the seismic acceleration increases, This length may become impractical at moderate design accelerations. For such cases, an alternative approach based on a tolerable displacement against direct sliding is proposed for design, The proposed procedures are compared with the performance of several geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures during recent major earthquakes, A detailed design example is included to illustrate usage of proposed procedures. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Ling, HI (reprint author), UNIV DELAWARE,NEWARK,DE 19716, USA. RI Ling, Hoe/B-1631-2008 NR 47 TC 80 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 10 PU THOMAS TELFORD SERVICES LTD PI LONDON PA THOMAS TELFORD HOUSE, 1 HERON QUAY, LONDON, ENGLAND E14 4JD SN 0016-8505 J9 GEOTECHNIQUE JI Geotechnique PD DEC PY 1997 VL 47 IS 5 BP 933 EP 952 PG 20 WC Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA YK941 UT WOS:A1997YK94100003 ER PT J AU Marion, GM Henry, GHR Freckman, DW Johnstone, J Jones, G Jones, MH Levesque, E Molau, U Molgaard, P Parsons, AN Svoboda, J Virginia, RA AF Marion, GM Henry, GHR Freckman, DW Johnstone, J Jones, G Jones, MH Levesque, E Molau, U Molgaard, P Parsons, AN Svoboda, J Virginia, RA TI Open-top designs for manipulating field temperature in high-latitude ecosystems SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; passive warming devices; ITEX temperature enhancement; tundra ID SIMULATED CLIMATE-CHANGE; ENVIRONMENTAL PERTURBATIONS; ELEVATED CO2; TUNDRA; GREENHOUSES; RESPONSES; BALANCE AB Passive open-top devices have been proposed as a method to experimentally increase temperature in high-latitude ecosystems. There is, however, little documentation on the efficacy of these devices. This paper examines the performance of four open-top chambers for altering temperature at six sites in the Arctic and Antarctica. Most of the heating effect was due to daytime warming above ambient; occasional night-time cooling below ambient, especially of air temperatures, depressed mean daily temperature. The mean daily temperatures at four arctic sites were generally increased by 1.2-1.8 degrees C; but occasionally, temperature depressions also occurred. Under optimal conditions at the antarctic site (dry soils, no vegetation, high radiation) mean daily soil temperatures were increased by +2.2 degrees C (-10 cm) to +5.2 degrees C (0 cm). Protection from wind may Flay a more important role than temperature per se in providing a favourable environment for plant growth within open-top devices. Wind speed had a generally negative impact on mean daily temperature. Daily global radiation was both positively and negatively related to chamber temperature response. The effect of chambers on snow accumulation was variable with the Alexandra Fjord site showing an increased accumulation in chambers but no difference in the date of snowmelt, while at Latnjajaure in a deep snowfall site, snowmelt occurred 1-2 weeks earlier in chambers, potentially increasing the growing season. Selection of a passive temperature-enhancing system requires balancing the temperature enhancement desired against potential unwanted ecological effects such as chamber overheating and altered light, moisture, and wind. In general, the more closed the temperature-enhancing system, the higher is the temperature enhancement, but the larger are the unwanted ecological effects. Open-top chambers alter temperature significantly and minimize most unwanted ecological effects; as a consequence, these chambers are a useful tool for studying the response of high-latitude ecosystems to warming. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Univ Wyoming, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Watershed Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. Univ Toronto, Erindale Coll, Dept Bot, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. Univ Gothenburg, Dept Systemat Bot, S-41319 Gothenburg, Sweden. Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99705 USA. Royal Danish Sch Pharm, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Dartmouth Coll, Environm Studies Program, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Marion, GM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RI Johnstone, Jill/C-9204-2009; Wall, Diana/F-5491-2011 OI Johnstone, Jill/0000-0001-6131-9339; NR 33 TC 327 Z9 346 U1 10 U2 137 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 3 SU 1 BP 20 EP 32 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1997.gcb136.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YP513 UT WOS:000071285300003 ER PT J AU Marion, GM Bockheim, JG Brown, J AF Marion, GM Bockheim, JG Brown, J TI Arctic soils and the ITEX experiment SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climatic warming; arctic ecosystems; organic matter; soil classification; ITEX ID TUNDRA; CARBON; ECOSYSTEMS; GROWTH AB The objectives of this paper are broadly to examine arctic soils and specifically to examine soil properties at ITEX sites. The Arctic is dominated by cold, wet, shallow soils often characterized by surficial organic horizons. Seven of 11 soil orders in Soil Taxonomy are present in the circumarctic and alpine zones of the ITEX Project. Soil organic matter is highly correlated to soil carbon (sink or source of atmospheric CO2), soil moisture (surficial energy balance), and soil nitrogen (plant limiting nutrient). Because of these vital roles, soil organic matter is a keystone that will influence the future response of arctic ecosystems to climate change. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Int Permafrost Assoc, Arlington, VA 22219 USA. RP Marion, GM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 3 SU 1 BP 33 EP 43 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1997.gcb137.x PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YP513 UT WOS:000071285300004 ER PT J AU Farley, JH Taylor, RR AF Farley, JH Taylor, RR TI Cervical carcinosarcoma occurring after subtotal hysterectomy, a case report SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MIXED MULLERIAN TUMORS; UTERINE AB Subtotal hysterectomy has been advocated in recent years as an alternative to total abdominal hysterectomy. In leaving behind the uterine cenix, this remnant can be at risk for dysplastic and neoplastic changes. The development of cancer of the cervix after subtotal hysterectomy is considered low and is usually of an epithelial origin. Carcinosarcomas of the uterine corpus are infrequent aggressive tumors with a very poor prognosis. This malignancy of the cervix has been rarely reported. We present a case of cervical carcinosarcoma occurring in the remaining lower uterine segment and cervix following subtotal hysterectomy for pelvic pain. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Farley, JH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 67 IS 3 BP 322 EP 324 DI 10.1006/gyno.1997.4872 PG 3 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA YT067 UT WOS:000071560700015 PM 9441782 ER PT J AU Bower, S AF Bower, S TI Making men moral: Social engineering during the great war. SO HISTORY OF EDUCATION QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Soldier Support Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Bower, S (reprint author), USA, Soldier Support Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU HISTORY EDUCATION SOC PI SLIPPERY ROCK PA 220 MCKAY EDUCATION BLDG, SLIPPERY ROCK UNIV, SLIPPERY ROCK, PA 16057-1326 USA SN 0018-2680 J9 HIST EDUC QUART JI Hist. Educ. Q. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 37 IS 4 BP 444 EP 445 DI 10.2307/369880 PG 2 WC Education & Educational Research; History Of Social Sciences SC Education & Educational Research; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA YM004 UT WOS:000071017800011 ER PT J AU Letowski, TR Ricard, GL Kalb, JT Mermagen, TJ Amrein, KM AF Letowski, TR Ricard, GL Kalb, JT Mermagen, TJ Amrein, KM TI Accuracy of pointing a binaural listening array SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID HEARING-AIDS AB We measured the accuracy with which sounds heard over a binaural, end-fire array could be located when the angular separation of the array's two arms was varied. Each individual arm contained nine cardioid electret microphones, the responses of which were combined to produce a unidirectional, band-limited pattern of sensitivity. We assessed the desirable angular separation of these arms by measuring the accuracy with which listeners could point to the source of a target sound presented against high-level background noise. We employed array separations of 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees, and signal-to-noise ratios of +5, -5, and -15 dB. Pointing accuracy was best for a separation of 60 degrees; this performance was indistinguishable from pointing during unaided listening conditions. In addition, the processing of the array was modeled to depict the information that was available for localization. The model indicates that highly directional binaural arrays can be expected to support accurate localization of sources of sound only near the axis of the array. Wider enhanced listening angles may be possible if the forward coverage of the sensor system is made less directional and more similar to that of human listeners. C1 USA, Res Lab, HRED, AMSRL HR SD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Letowski, TR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, HRED, AMSRL HR SD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD DEC PY 1997 VL 39 IS 4 BP 651 EP 658 DI 10.1518/001872097778667906 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA YV629 UT WOS:000071846800011 PM 9473975 ER PT J AU Kwon, H Venkatramam, M Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, H Venkatramam, M Nasrabadi, NM TI Very low bit-rate video coding using variable block-size entropy-constrained residual vector quantizers SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE image coding; residual vector quantization; transform coding; vector prediction; vector quantization AB In this paper, we present a practical video coding algorithm for use at very low bit rates, For efficient coding at very low bit rates, it is important to intelligently allocate bits within a frame, and so a powerful variable rate algorithm is required, We use vector quantization to encode the motion-compensated residue signal in an H.263-like framework. For a given complexity, it is well understood that structured vector quantizers perform better than unstructured and unconstrained vector quantizers. A combination of structured vector quantizers is used in our work to encode the video sequences, The proposed codec is a multistage residual vector quantizer, with transform vector quantizers in the intial stages, The transform-VQ captures the low-frequency information, using only a small portion of the bit budget, while the later stage residual VQ captures the high-frequency information, using the remaining bits, We used a strategy to adaptively refine only areas of high activity, using recursive decomposition and selective refinement in the later stages, An entropy constraint was used to modify the codebooks to allow better entropy coding of the indexes, In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the proposed codec, and compare this data with the performance of the H.263-based codec. Experimental results show that the proposed codec delivered significantly better perceptual quality along with better quantitative performance. C1 USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Kwon, H (reprint author), SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BUFFALO,NY 14220, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1714 EP 1725 DI 10.1109/49.650045 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA YK782 UT WOS:A1997YK78200004 ER PT J AU Abou-Auf, AA Barbe, DF Rushdi, MM AF Abou-Auf, AA Barbe, DF Rushdi, MM TI Worst-case test vectors for functional failure induced by total dose in CMOS microcircuits with transmission gates SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual IEEE International Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference (NSREC 97) CY JUL 21-25, 1997 CL SNOWMASS VILLAGE, COLORADO SP IEEE NPSS, Def Special Weapons Agcy, Sandia Nat Labs, Philips Lab, JPL, NASA, Goddard AB Fault models for total-dose induced functional failure in CMOS microcircuits containing transmission gates have been developed for the automatic generation of worst-case test vectors. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Abou-Auf, AA (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 USA SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 44 IS 6 BP 2013 EP 2017 DI 10.1109/23.658983 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA YM431 UT WOS:000071062800034 ER PT J AU Little, SF Ivins, BE Fellows, PF Friedlander, AM AF Little, SF Ivins, BE Fellows, PF Friedlander, AM TI Passive protection by polyclonal antibodies against Bacillus anthracis infection in guinea pigs SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; LETHAL FACTOR; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; EDEMA FACTOR; TOXIN; PLASMID; ANTIGEN; COMPONENT AB The protective effects of polyclonal antisera produced by injecting guinea pigs with protective antigen (PA), the chemical anthrax vaccine AVA, or Sterne spore vaccine, as well as those of toxin-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) produced against PA, lethal factor, and edema factor, were examined in animals infected with Bacillus anthracis spores, Only the anti-PA polyclonal serum significantly protected the guinea pigs from death, with 67% of infected animals surviving. Although none of the MAbs was protective, one PA MAb caused a significant delay in time to death. Our findings demonstrate that antibodies produced against only PA can provide passive protection against anthrax infection in guinea pigs. RP Little, SF (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,BACTERIOL DIV,1425 PORTER ST,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 32 TC 142 Z9 146 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 65 IS 12 BP 5171 EP 5175 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA YJ227 UT WOS:A1997YJ22700040 PM 9393812 ER PT J AU Dixon, WC Plemmons, RM AF Dixon, WC Plemmons, RM TI Lemierre's syndrome presenting as febrile neutropenia SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Army-American-College-of-Physicians Meeting CY OCT, 1996 CL RESTON, VIRGINIA SP Army Amer Coll Physicians ID INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN; SUPPURATIVE THROMBOPHLEBITIS; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; BACTEROIDES C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Internal Med Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Dixon, WC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Internal Med Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1056-9103 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 6 IS 9 BP 612 EP 614 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA YN948 UT WOS:000071224900012 ER PT J AU Weng, CF Komisar, JL Hunt, RE Johnson, AJ Pitt, ML Ruble, DL Tseng, JN AF Weng, CF Komisar, JL Hunt, RE Johnson, AJ Pitt, ML Ruble, DL Tseng, JN TI Immediate responses of leukocytes, cytokines and glucocorticoid hormones in the blood circulation of monkeys following challenge with aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blood; cytokine; glucocorticoid hormone; leukocyte; monkey; staphylococcal enterotoxin B ID TOXIC-SHOCK SYNDROME; HUMAN T-CELLS; NITRIC-OXIDE; ANTI-ACTH; NK CELLS; SUPERANTIGENS; STIMULATION; LYMPHOCYTES; MICE; INTERLEUKIN-6 AB The immediate responses to aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in respiratory toxic shock were studied in the circulation of rhesus monkeys with low antibody levels following immunization with SEB toxoid-containing microspheres. Both the surviving and dying monkeys had toxic shock syndrome 4-48 h after SEB challenge and all showed three distinctive patterns of immediate responses. The first pattern, characterized by the responses of all T cells, HLA-DRlo cells, monocytes, IL-2R(+) cells, IFN-gamma, and augmented lymphocyte mitotic responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and SEB in culture, was a rapid increase at 20 min followed by a quick decrease at 90 min to approximately the original levels. The second pattern, which included responses of HLA-DRhi cells, NK cells, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol, was characterized by a moderate decrease at 20 min and a further decrease at 90 min. The third pattern, the inverse of the second pattern, including responses of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), concanavalin A (Con A) mitogenesis, IL-6 and IL-2, was a moderate increase at 20 min and a further increase at 90 min. Between the surviving and dying monkeys, the responses of T cells, HLA-DRhi cells, PMN and cortisol did not differ significantly, suggesting that they are the basic causes that initiated toxic shock. However, significant differences were seen in the responses of HLA-DRlo cells, monocytes, IL-2R(+) cells and lymphocyte mitogenesis in culture at 20 min, and of Con A mitogenesis, NK cells, IL-2, IL-6 and ACTH at 90 min. These different responses are apparently the exacerbating causes of death of the monkeys. All together, the immediate responses seem to be caused by the combined effects of SEB superantigenicity, activation of NK cells and non-lymphoid cells, and depression of the neuroimmune defense system. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Div Toxicol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Vet Med Div, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Tseng, JN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Expt Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 9 IS 12 BP 1825 EP 1836 DI 10.1093/intimm/9.12.1825 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA YP558 UT WOS:000071289900006 PM 9466310 ER PT J AU Butts, K AF Butts, K TI The greening of foreign policy SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Butts, K (reprint author), USA,WAR COLL,CARLISLE,PA, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0748-5492 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 13 IS 2 BP 10 EP 11 PG 2 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA WE198 UT WOS:A1997WE19800008 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, M Lacewell, R McCauley, G Freeman, R AF Chowdhury, M Lacewell, R McCauley, G Freeman, R TI Industrial benefits of controlling saltwater intrusion in the Neches River. SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WASHINGTON,DC 20310. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC PI LOGAN PA C/O E BRUCE GODFREY, UTAH STATE UNIV, ECONOMICS DEPT, LOGAN, UT 84322-3530 SN 0162-1912 J9 J AGR RESOUR ECON JI J. Agric. Resour. Econ. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 22 IS 2 BP 400 EP 400 PG 1 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA YL427 UT WOS:A1997YL42700096 ER PT J AU Geehan, ER AF Geehan, ER TI For god and country: The history of a constitutional challenge to the army chaplaincy - Drazin,I, Currey,CB SO JOURNAL OF CHURCH AND STATE LA English DT Book Review RP Geehan, ER (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAYLOR UNIV PI WACO PA J M DAWSON STUD CHURCH STATE BOX 380, WACO, TX 76798 SN 0021-969X J9 J CHURCH STATE JI J. Church State PD WIN PY 1997 VL 39 IS 1 BP 173 EP 174 PG 2 WC Religion SC Religion GA WZ807 UT WOS:A1997WZ80700033 ER PT J AU Saunders, NB Shoemaker, DR Brandt, BL Zollinger, WD AF Saunders, NB Shoemaker, DR Brandt, BL Zollinger, WD TI Confirmation of suspicious cases of meningococcal meningitis by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MEMBRANE PROTEIN VACCINE; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; DISEASE; ANTIBODIES; IQUIQUE; FLUIDS; CHILE AB A significant problem in efficacy trials of meningococcal vaccines has been accurate identification of all cases of meningococcal disease that occur in study populations. The accuracy of case determination would be improved by utilizing methods which confirm or disprove suspicious cases of meningococcal disease that are culture negative, A collection of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from a meningococcal vaccine field trial performed in Iquique, Chile, were utilized to assess the status of patients for whom cultures, Gram stains, and clinical evaluations for meningococcal disease were available. Nested PCRs (nPCRs) for amplification of Neisseria meningitidis DNA in CSF samples and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for quantification of serum immunoglobulin G antibodies specific for N. meningitidis were used in combination to confirm or eliminate cases classified by physicians as suspicious for meningococcal disease, Samples from 12 of 79 patients suspected of having meningococcal meningitis tested positive by both methods; specimens from 61 of the 79 were negative by both methods; and samples from 6 patients yielded ambiguous results, and these cases remained unconfirmed, Direct sequence analysis Of amplified DNA from patients suspected of having meningococcal disease confirmed that 2 of the 12 newly confirmed cases were not attributable to the typical epidemic strain (B:15:P1,[7],3) while the others were due to the epidemic strain, A combination of nPCR and ELISA reduced the number of suspicious cases in this study from 79 to 6, thereby improving the potential for assessment of vaccine efficacy. Molecular identification by nPCR in conjunction with immunological assessment of patient response could be considered diagnostic of disease in future testing of meningococcal vaccines to improve efficacy analyses. RP Saunders, NB (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3215 EP 3219 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA YG967 UT WOS:A1997YG96700037 PM 9399522 ER PT J AU Yohe, S Fishbain, JT Andrews, M AF Yohe, S Fishbain, JT Andrews, M TI Shewanella putrefaciens abscess of the lower extremity SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID PSEUDOMONAS-PUTREFACIENS; INFECTION; BACTEREMIA; HUMANS C1 UNIV HAWAII,SCH MED,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP Yohe, S (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,INFECT DIS SERV,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. RI Yohe, Sophia/O-2331-2013 NR 11 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 35 IS 12 BP 3363 EP 3363 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA YG967 UT WOS:A1997YG96700078 PM 9399562 ER PT J AU Hillyer, TM Stakhiv, EZ Sudar, RA AF Hillyer, TM Stakhiv, EZ Sudar, RA TI An evaluation of the economic performance of the US Army Corps of Engineers shore protection program SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE coastal erosion; beach replenishment; restoration; benefit-cost analysis; beachfront development; coastal environments AB This study of the U.S. Army corps of Engineers' (USAGE) shore protection program was undertaken as a result of a request from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). The investigation disclosed that the USAGE shoreline protection program covers 8 percent of the nation's 2,700 miles of critically eroding shoreline and consists of 82 specifically authorized projects. Total actual expenditures, including periodic nourishment, for these 82 projects from 1950 to 1995 have been $731 million. When updated to 1995 dollars this expenditure becomes $1,662 million. Over the period of time covered by this study (1950-current) the program has shifted from primarily ''hard'' structures (groins, seawalls, breakwaters, etc.) to primarily ''soft'' beach restoration and nourishment through placement of sand. Beach restoration and nourishment is also the most environmentally compatible shore protection measure. The projects receive intense preconstruction coordination with environmental agencies to assure no long term adverse environmental impacts result from the projects. Over this same time period, as a result of Administration policy and law, the program has shifted from primarily recreation oriented to one of protection for storm damage reduction. From the standpoint of program cost and volumes of sand emplacements the evaluation of the long-term performance of the program shows that it is a well-managed and cost-effective program. Overall, costs were slightly less than estimated, and overall quantities of sand were slightly higher than estimated. Whether or not the projects are performing as expected from a benefit standpoint, however, is very difficult to determine. Because of the high variable and largely unpredictable nature of coastal storms, the ''actual'' storm damage reduction benefits of shore protection projects can differ greatly from those forecasted during planning and design. The key to the benefit-cost analysis is that the benefits are estimated based on a probabalistic assumption that, over the period of analysis (generally 50 years), a comparable sequence of events will occur as in the past, causing a comparable level of property damages. Hence, the longer the period of record, the more likely that the ''estimated'' benefits will converge on the ''actual'' or measured benefits (and costs). One item of specific concern to OMB was that of induced development, i.e., do shore protection projects' lead to more growth and development in protected areas, and hence, ultimately to increases in storm damages rather than a reduction in damages. Three specific economic analyses were applied during the course of the study to determine whether USAGE shore protection projects induce development in the areas they protect. These three complementary studies were: (1) a survey of beachfront community residents; (2) an econometric model of beachfront development; and (3) an econometric analysis of beachfront housing prices. None of these approaches could verify that there is a measurable induced development link. The analyses demonstrated that the primary determinant of development of beachfront communities is growth in beachfront demand based on rising income and employment in noncoastal areas, rather than the presence or absence of a shore protection project. In fact, there is limited public awareness of the Federal shore protection program, where Federal projects currently exist, and of the involvement of the USAGE in reducing risks through project construction. RP Hillyer, TM (reprint author), USA,INST WATER RESOURCES,POLICY & SPECIAL STUDIES DIV,7701 TELEGRAPH RD,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22315, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 13 IS 1 BP 8 EP 22 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA WL799 UT WOS:A1997WL79900003 ER PT J AU Morang, A Larson, R Gorman, L AF Morang, A Larson, R Gorman, L TI Monitoring the coastal environment .1. Waves and currents SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE current meters; coastal currents; sea state parameters; water levels; PW wave gauge; seismic wave gauge; wave statistics AB Measurement waves and currents in the high-energy, hazardous nearshore zone is one of the more challenging endeavors of coastal engineering and research. A measurement program must be thoroughly planned before any gauges are deployed to insure that useful data are collected: (1) Determine what data units and analyzed products are needed to answer the critical engineering or scientific questions at the site. (2) Determine how long the gauges must be at the site (i.e., several years or just during the winter season?). (3) Consider placing gauges in locations that are compatible with previous measurement programs. (4) Evaluate environmental constraints such as ice or trawler activity. (5) Be sure that enough funding is allocated for the analysis of the data. Two general types of wave gauges are commonly used: non-directional and directional. Despite the greater cost and complexity, the latter is preferred for most projects because of the need to evaluate wave refraction at the coast. Meticulous quality control is critical for all wave measurement programs! Three general classes of current measuring technology are used in coastal projects: (1) Radar and Lagrangian methods (dye and drogues); (2) Point source (Eulerian) technology such as ducted impeller instruments; (3) Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers. As gauges are improved, massive amounts of data are being collected at field projects. Clear, simple, and concise display of wave and current data are important aspects of the analysis procedure. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,GEOTECH LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,INFORMAT TECHNOL LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Morang, A (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,COASTAL ENGN RES CTR,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 68 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 13 IS 1 BP 111 EP 133 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA WL799 UT WOS:A1997WL79900015 ER PT J AU Hillyer, TM Stakhiv, EZ AF Hillyer, TM Stakhiv, EZ TI The fox guarding the hen house - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material AB This paper discusses the editorial of Pilkey (1996). The discussion responds to a number of questions raised by Pilkey about the Corps evaluation methodology and the underlying premise that the Corps should not be conducting a self-examination. RP Hillyer, TM (reprint author), USA,INST WATER RESOURCES,WATER RESOURCES SUPPORT CTR,POLICY & SPECIAL STUDIES DIV,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22315, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 13 IS 1 BP 259 EP 264 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA WL799 UT WOS:A1997WL79900033 ER PT J AU Simonsen, E Janoo, VC Isacsson, U AF Simonsen, E Janoo, VC Isacsson, U TI Prediction of temperature and moisture changes in pavement structures SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Although the effects of climate on pavement structures are recognized as major contributors to the deterioration of pavement structures in cold regions, only a few models concerned with both frost heave and thaw settlement have been developed. In this study, a coupled mass and heat transfer model, FROSTB, developed by the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) was tested and evaluated with respect to parameters critical to thaw weakening. With the main focus on soil moisture and temperature, the results were compared with data from an instrumented test road. The results indicate the soil temperature is predicted very well and soil moisture relatively web during freezing and thawing. Although a time lag was observed between observed and predicted start of thaw, the results suggest that the FROSTB; model may serve as a good tool for many engineering purposes involving the freezing and thawing of pavement structures in cold regions. C1 USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP Simonsen, E (reprint author), ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DIV HWY ENGN,S-10044 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 11 IS 4 BP 291 EP 307 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1997)11:4(291) PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA YH216 UT WOS:A1997YH21600003 ER PT J AU Simonsen, E Janoo, VC Isacsson, U AF Simonsen, E Janoo, VC Isacsson, U TI Prediction of pavement response during freezing and thawing using finite element approach SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Although elastic multilayer techniques for pavement analysis have become increasingly popular through advances in software and personal computers, the difficulties of such methods in representing dynamic loading, pavement geometry and nonlinear material response are widely recognized as significant. Particularly in cold regions, where pavement materials are subject to seasonal freezing and thawing, nonlinear material behavior cannot be accurately modeled with these methods. However, many of these difficulties can be overcome by using the finite element method. in this study, an initial attempt to implement a commercially available finite element code in an analysis procedure for pavements in seasonal frost areas is presented. The results, compared with data from an extensively instrumented test road, show that surface deflections and the relative change in pavement stiffness, indicated by the subgrade strength index, are predicted very accurately. Although a time lag between maximum measured and predicted surface deflection is observed during thawing, the procedure is found to be promising and further research is warranted. C1 USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP Simonsen, E (reprint author), ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DIV HWY ENGN,S-10044 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 11 IS 4 BP 308 EP 324 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1997)11:4(308) PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA YH216 UT WOS:A1997YH21600004 ER PT J AU Henry, KS Morin, SH AF Henry, KS Morin, SH TI Frost susceptibility of crushes glass used as construction aggregate SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB The frost susceptibility for 100% glass cullet specimens and 30% by weight glass cullet-aggregate specimens was determined using ASTM D 5918. The cullet has negligible to very low frost susceptibility, and it did not increase the frost susceptibility of the aggregate. Based on a comparison of grain size distributions of the cullet and aggregates with the work of others, we conclude that the material tested represents typical cullet for which other engineering properties have been determined; therefore, this information can be added to the current body of knowledge about the engineering properties of glass cullet. C1 TATA & HOWARD,WESTBOROUGH,MA 01581. RP Henry, KS (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 11 IS 4 BP 326 EP 333 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1997)11:4(326) PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA YH216 UT WOS:A1997YH21600005 ER PT J AU Adams, SR Parsons, GR Hoover, JJ Killgore, KJ AF Adams, SR Parsons, GR Hoover, JJ Killgore, KJ TI Observations of swimming ability in shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FISHES AB Swimming performance and behavior of five adult (57-69 cm fork length) shovelnose sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, were studied in a 945-L swim tunnel at 16 degrees C. Fifteen-minute critical swimming speeds ranged from 65 to 116 cm s(-1). Sturgeon swam volitionally at low speeds (5-30 cm s(-1)), but at higher speeds (40-120 cm s(-1)) sturgeon alternated between active swimming and appressing themselves to the bottom of the tunnel. This second behavior is enhanced by sturgeon morphology - streamlined body shape, flat rostrum, and large pectoral fins. It allows shovelnose sturgeon to exploit river bottoms as a refugia from current and maintain position in high velocities. C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI,DEPT BIOL,OXFORD,MS 38677. RP Adams, SR (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ER A,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 10 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 13 PU OIKOS PUBL INC PI LA CROSSE PA PO BOX 2558, LA CROSSE, WI 54601 SN 0270-5060 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 12 IS 4 BP 631 EP 633 DI 10.1080/02705060.1997.9663578 PG 3 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA YK224 UT WOS:A1997YK22400015 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Lambris, JD Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Lambris, JD Tsokos, GC TI Transcriptional regulation of the complement receptor 2 gene: Role of a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RNA-BINDING PROTEIN; HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-B; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; CELLS; CR-2; EXPRESSION; CD21; CREB; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Complement receptor 2 (CR2) has been implicated as a regulator as of B cell function. In this study, we sought to identify mechanisms that control the expression of the CR2 gene in human B cells. Dibutyryl cAMP increased the DNA-binding activity of a nuclear protein that recognized specifically a CR2 promoter-defined oligonucleotide in human B cell lines. The nuclear protein was subsequently purified from B cell nuclear extracts using a biotinylated CR2 promoter-defined oligonucleotide. Partial amino acid sequence analysis of internal peptides revealed that the 42-kDa protein belongs to a family of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP). Using a set of mutated double-stranded oligonucleotides, we demonstrated that the purified protein displayed sequence specificity for the CR2 promoter-defined oligonucleotides. Like some hnRNP, this protein was found to bind to single-stranded DNA. The DNA-binding activity of the purified protein increased after in vitro phosphorylation with protein kinase A. Using a CAT reporter gene driven by a single recognition site in B cell lines, dibutyryl cAMP caused a 3-fold induction of reporter gene expression. The highest induction (6.7-fold) was achieved with a combination of dibutyryl cAMP and PMA. The involvement of the nuclear protein in regulating the expression of the CR2 gene is supported by our finding that dibutyryl cAMP increased the levels of the CR2 mRNA and CR2 surface membrane protein in human B cell lines. These data strongly suggest that a cAMP-inducible hnRNP, which can recognize a novel DNA-motif, controls the expression of the CR2 gene. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Tolnay, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Physiol, Bldg 40,Room 3078, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Lambris, John/0000-0002-9370-5776 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI30040] NR 46 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD DEC 1 PY 1997 VL 159 IS 11 BP 5492 EP 5501 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA YW263 UT WOS:000071914800038 PM 9548489 ER PT J AU Callahan, CW AF Callahan, CW TI Construction crew discovers grave of ''Tiny Tim'' SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,MCHK PE,HONOLULU,HI 96859. USA,MED CORPS,HONOLULU,HI 96859. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 176 IS 6 BP 1653 EP 1654 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA YH160 UT WOS:A1997YH16000038 PM 9395386 ER PT J AU Sliney, DH AF Sliney, DH TI Evolving issues in laser safety SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser safety; safety standards; eye hazards; LEDs ID HAZARDS AB The approach to laser safety has come a long way since the 1960s when the first guidelines were issued by defense research organizations in the US and the UK, and then by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Although the search for 'eye-safe' numbers continues in a few laboratories, this work is almost exclusively centered on deriving retinal thresholds for ultra-short (sub-nanosecond) lasers. Setting limits in this temporal region has been difficult, since there are conflicting data sets and there is a limited amount of data to extrapolate to other spectral regions. In the standards arena, the concentrated efforts have been in terms of product classification and attempts to resolve the eternal question of 'how safe is safe?'. Recent efforts to revise safety standards have not always taken into account the historical rationale for the maximum permissable exposures and forget that safety factors were already factored into the limits, and further safety factors are quite unnecessary, Finally, the study of accidents raises the question of whether our approach to eye protection and enclosures are adequate and whether separate standards and guidance is needed for different applications. C1 USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sliney, DH (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Laser Opt Radiat Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 9 IS 6 BP 295 EP 300 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA YT331 UT WOS:000071590700005 PM 10176359 ER PT J AU Nath, J Powledge, A AF Nath, J Powledge, A TI Modulation of human neutrophil inflammatory responses by nitric oxide: studies in unprimed and LPS-primed cells SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE superoxide; exocytosis; aggregation; adhesion ID HUMAN POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; L-ARGININE; NITRATE BIOSYNTHESIS; BIOLOGICAL SURFACES; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; GUANYLATE-CYCLASE; RESPIRATORY BURST; TISSUE-INJURY; HL-60 CELLS; SUPEROXIDE AB Because nitric oxide (NO) can act both as a regulatory and as a toxic molecule, we have studied N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF) -stimulated responses of human neutrophils (PMNs) during various conditions of NO modulation in unprimed and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -primed cells, Effects of various NO modulators were assessed on stimulated superoxide (O-2(-)) generation, granule exocytosis, homotypic aggregation, and rises in intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+](i)), Significant differences in the effects of various NO modulators on inflammatory responses of PMNs kept in stirred suspension versus those kept under static and/or adherent conditions, were observed, L-arginine, the physiological substrate for NO synthase (NOS), and N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of NOS, both caused a 40-50% inhibition of LPS-induced priming of O-2(-) generation in PMNs in stirred suspension, but not in LPS-primed PMNs under static or adherent conditions, The NO donors, sodium nitroprusside and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, completely abrogated the LPS-induced priming of O-2(-) generation in PMNs in suspension, while causing only a 40-50% inhibition in PMNs under static or adherent conditions, The Ca2+ ionophore, A23187, prevented the LPS-induced priming of O-2(-) generation without affecting O-2(-) generation in unprimed PMNs. LPS priming of PMNs induced about a twofold increase in fMLF-stimulated homotypic aggregation, exocytosis of secondary granules, and rises in [Ca2+](i). In related studies, we also provide definitive evidence for enzymatic formation of NO in human PMNs and demonstrate a significant decrease in NO levels in LPS-primed PMNs. Taken together, these findings indicate that NO modulates PMN inflammatory responses and plays a protective role in printing and activation processes of inflammatory PMNs. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL,DIV MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 51 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 62 IS 6 BP 805 EP 816 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA YJ991 UT WOS:A1997YJ99100014 PM 9400822 ER PT J AU vanCuyckGandre, H Zhang, HY Tsarev, SA Clements, NJ Cohen, SJ Caudill, JD Buisson, Y Coursaget, P Warren, RL Longer, CF AF vanCuyckGandre, H Zhang, HY Tsarev, SA Clements, NJ Cohen, SJ Caudill, JD Buisson, Y Coursaget, P Warren, RL Longer, CF TI Characterization of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from Algeria and Chad by partial genome sequence SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE ORF2, ORF3 overlap; phylogeny; genomic variation; polymerase chain reaction ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; TRANSMITTED NON-A; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CELL EPITOPES; OUTBREAK; IDENTIFICATION; REGIONS; CHINA AB The purpose of this study was to analyze partial nucleotide sequences and derived peptide sequences of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from two outbreaks of hepatitis E in Africa (Chad 1983-1984; Algeria 1978-1980). A portion of ORF3 and the major portion of ORF2 were amplified by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). The PCR products were sequenced directly or after cloning into the pCRII vector. Sequences were th en com pa red to the corresponding regions of reported full length HEV sequences. In the ORF2 and ORF3 regions, the homology between the Algerian and the Chad isolates at the nucleic acid level was 92 and 95%, respectively. At the peptide level the homology was 98% in both regions. In these regions, both strains are more related to Asian strains at the nucleic acid level (89 to 95%) and at the amino acid level (95 to 100%) than to the Mexico strain. At the peptide level the differences are less apparent. Both African isolates have amino acid changes in common with some reference strains although the Chad isolate has three unique changes. These African strains of HEV, based on the ORF2 and ORF3 phylogenetic trees, appear to be a distinct phylogenetic group, separate from the Mexican and Asian strains. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT VIRUS DIS,WASHINGTON,DC. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC. NATL INST CONTROL PHARMACEUT & BIOL PROD,DIV VIRAL VACCINES,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. HOP INSTRUCT ARMEES VAL GRACE,MED BIOL LAB,PARIS,FRANCE. FAC PHARM TOURS,LAB IMMUNOL MALAD INFECT,TOURS,FRANCE. NR 37 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 53 IS 4 BP 340 EP 347 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199712)53:4<340::AID-JMV5>3.0.CO;2-7 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA YJ685 UT WOS:A1997YJ68500005 PM 9407381 ER PT J AU Warden, DL Labbate, LA Salazar, AM Nelson, R Sheley, E Staudenmeier, J Martin, E AF Warden, DL Labbate, LA Salazar, AM Nelson, R Sheley, E Staudenmeier, J Martin, E TI Posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with traumatic brain injury and amnesia for the event? SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PSYCHIATRIC CONSEQUENCES; POPULATION; ADULTS AB Frequency of DSM-III-R posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was studied in 47 active-duty service members (46 male, 1 female; mean age 27+/-7) with moderate traumatic brain injury and neurogenic amnesia for the event. Patients had attained ''oriented and cooperative'' recovery level. When evaluated with a modified Present State Examination and other questions at various points from study entry to 24-month follow-up, no patients met full criteria for PTSD or met criterion B (reexperience); 6 (13%) met both C (avoidance) and D (arousal) criteria. Five of these 6 also had organic mood disorder, depressed type, and/or organic anxiety disorder. Posttraumatic amnesia following moderate head injury may protect against recurring memories and the development of PTSD. Some patients with neurogenic amnesia may develop a form of PTSD without the reexperiencing symptoms. RP Warden, DL (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEF & VET HEAD INJURY PROGRAM,BLDG 1,ROOM 209B,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 19 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1 BP 18 EP 22 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA WD688 UT WOS:A1997WD68800002 PM 9017524 ER PT J AU Manganaro, AM Ragno, JR Karlis, V AF Manganaro, AM Ragno, JR Karlis, V TI Mixed radiolucent/radiopaque lesion of the mandible SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID DYSPLASIA; JAWS C1 RHOADES DENT CLIN,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. USA,DENT CORPS,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NYU,BELLEVUE HOSP CTR,COLL DENT,NEW YORK,NY 10016. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 55 IS 12 BP 1456 EP 1459 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(97)90650-9 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA YH768 UT WOS:A1997YH76800022 PM 9393406 ER PT J AU Eakle, WL AF Eakle, WL TI Observations of raptors in the Republic of Vanuatu SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Brown Goshawk; Accipiter fasciatus viligax; raptor roadside survey; relative abundance; Swamp Harrier; Circus approximans approximans; Vanuatu AB Road and trailside surveys were conducted in the Republic of Vanuatu, formerly known as the New Hebrides in the Southwest Pacific, to determine relative abundance of raptors. Three diurnal and one nocturnal species were observed during 74 hr of observation over 594 km surveyed. Swamp Harriers (Circus approximans approximans) were most frequent and found on all islands surveyed including Efate (N = 6), Espiritu Santo (N = 31), Gaua (N = 11) and Tanna (N = 19). Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus nesiotes) were observed on Gaua (N = 2) and Tanna (N = 1), while Brown Goshawks (Accipiter fasciatus viligax, N = 2) and Barn Owls (Tyto alba interposita, N = 2) were observed on Tanna and Espiritu Santo, respectively. Observations of Swamp Harriers on Gaua and Brown Goshawks on Tanna are the first reported for these species on these islands. Indices of relative abundance were calculated for each species based on the number of individuals observed per km traveled. C1 World Working Grp Birds Prey & Owls, D-14193 Berlin, Germany. RP Eakle, WL (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, S Pacific Div, Regulatory Program Off, 333 Market St, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA SN 0892-1016 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 31 IS 4 BP 303 EP 307 PG 5 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA YU358 UT WOS:000071709100001 ER PT J AU Britt, TW Doherty, K Schlenker, BR AF Britt, TW Doherty, K Schlenker, BR TI Self-evaluation as a function of self-esteem, performance feedback, and self-presentational role SO JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATTRIBUTIONS; BELIEFS; IMPACT; ENHANCEMENT; PERCEPTIONS; RESPONSES; IDENTITY; FAILURE; CONTEXT; SUPPORT AB People with high self-esteem (HSE) Versus low self-esteem (LSE) display different interpersonal styles, with HSEs being self-assertive and LSEs being self-protective. Consistent with this portrait, we found that HSEs and LSEs who received threatening trait feedback reacted differently after they were later induced to present themselves in a positive or negative fashion. In general, HSEs reacted to their own strategic self-presentations by enhancing or maintaining their self-evaluations while LSEs often reacted in a self-diminishing fashion by lowering their self-evaluations. Advantageous self-presentations (those in which a positive role appeared to be self-representative or a negative role appeared to be unrepresentative) had the greatest impact on self-evaluations, producing the greatest increases in self-regard for HSEs and, paradoxically, decreases in self-regard for LSEs. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Dept Operat Stress, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Britt, TW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neuropsychiat, Dept Operat Stress, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0736-7236 J9 J SOC CLIN PSYCHOL JI J. Soc. Clin. Psychol. PD WIN PY 1997 VL 16 IS 4 BP 463 EP 483 DI 10.1521/jscp.1997.16.4.463 PG 21 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA YN220 UT WOS:000071145100007 ER PT J AU Rutledge, LC Gupta, RK Mehr, ZA AF Rutledge, LC Gupta, RK Mehr, ZA TI Evolution of repellent tolerances in representative arthropods SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID MOSQUITO REPELLENTS AB Eight commercial insect repellents were tested against Ornithodoros parkeri (Acari: Argasidae), Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae), Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), and Xenopsylla cheopis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). Patterns of tolerance to the test materials were distinctive for each test species. Levels of tolerance were coded as character state 0 (sensitive), 1 (intermediate), or 2 (tolerant) and mapped on a cladogram reflecting the accepted classification of the test species. Character state 0 was regarded as primitive, as indicated by the ontology of repellent tolerances in ticks. Aedes aegypti was least evolved and X. cheopis was most evolved in tolerance to repellents. Multiple parallelism of the arachnid and X. cheopis lines occurred in the evolution of the observed tolerances. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Def Logist Agcy, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Rutledge, LC (reprint author), 11 Circle Way, Mill Valley, CA 94941 USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSN INC PI LAKE CHARLES PA 707-A EAST PRIEN LAKE ROAD, PO BOX 5416, LAKE CHARLES, LA 70606-5416 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 329 EP 334 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA YT974 UT WOS:000071666800006 PM 9474558 ER PT J AU Arroyo, CM Carmichael, AJ AF Arroyo, CM Carmichael, AJ TI Role of cytokine and nitric oxide in the inflammatory response produced by sulfur mustard (HD) SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-PERKIN TRANSACTIONS 2 LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th International Meeting of the Electron-Spin-Resonance-Group of the Royal-Society-of-Chemistry CY APR 06-10, 1997 CL UNIV LANCASTER, LANCASTER, ENGLAND SP Royal Soc Chem, Electron Spin Resonance Grp HO UNIV LANCASTER ID HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; INSULIN-SECRETION; INTERLEUKIN-1; LANGERHANS; INHIBITION; SYNTHASE; ISLETS AB We have determined by immunocytochemistry the levels of interleukin-1 beta; (IL-1 beta) in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) following exposure to HD. Human skin keratinocytes release significant numbers of IL-1 cytokine as determined by the Quantikine(TM) Interleukin-1 beta kit, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure. Exposure of NHEK [similar to 10(6)-10(7) cells, to HD (2 mM) and preincubation for 3 h at 37 degrees C] results in significant changes in IL-1 activation. In neonatal NHEK exposed to HD, IL-1 beta is decreased. Conversely, in adult breast NHEK exposed to HD, IL-1 beta is increased. Nitric oxide ((NO)-N-.) has been implicated as the effector molecule that mediates IL-1 beta. To confirm the involvement of (NO)-N-. in the expression of the IL-1 beta, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was employed. EPR detectable iron-nitrosyl complex in NHEK exposed to HD (18 h post exposure to 1 mM HD) were measured, and the generation of (NO)-N-. and this induced complex was blocked by N-omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG), a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Our results show the release of nitric oxide during IL-1 cytokine expression when keratinocytes are exposed to HD. Based upon this work, it appears possible that IL-1 could be used as a specific marker for epidermal cytoxicity in mechanistic studies of the toxicity of HD and in defining interventive and therapeutic regimens against HD vesication. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Appl Cellular Radiobiol Dept, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Arroyo, CM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Drug Assessment Div, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0300-9580 J9 J CHEM SOC PERK T 2 JI J. Chem. Soc.-Perkin Trans. 2 PD DEC PY 1997 IS 12 BP 2495 EP 2499 DI 10.1039/a702508d PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA YM582 UT WOS:000071079200008 ER PT J AU Zheng, JP Jow, TR AF Zheng, JP Jow, TR TI The effect of salt concentration in electrolytes on the maximum energy storage for double layer capacitors (vol 144, pg 2417, 1997) SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 USA,RES LAB,SENSORS & ELECTROLYTES DIR,AMSRL SE DC,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Zheng, JP (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,COLL ENGN,FAMU,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32310, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 144 IS 12 BP 4366 EP 4366 DI 10.1149/1.1838195 PG 1 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA YL468 UT WOS:A1997YL46800055 ER PT J AU Kenner, JR Sperling, LC Waselenko, J Dawson, N Sau, P Moul, JW AF Kenner, JR Sperling, LC Waselenko, J Dawson, N Sau, P Moul, JW TI Suramin keratosis: A unique skin eruption in a patient receiving suramin for metastatic prostate cancer SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE suramin; keratosis; adenocarcinoma; prostate C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ONCOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Kenner, JR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 158 IS 6 BP 2245 EP 2246 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)68218-1 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA YE617 UT WOS:A1997YE61700070 PM 9366363 ER PT J AU Kollars, TM Durden, LA Oliver, JH AF Kollars, TM Durden, LA Oliver, JH TI Fleas and lice parasitizing mammals in Missouri SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fleas; lice; host associations; new state records; Missouri ID BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; DEER; HOST AB Three species of chewing lice, 11 species of sucking lice; and 28 species of fleas are recorded from mammals in Missouri. Of these, seven species of sucking lice (Hoplopleuraacanthopus, Hoplopleura hesperomydis, Hoplopleura sciuricola, Neohaematopinus sciuri, Neohaematopinus sciurinus, Neohaematopinus sciuropteri, and Solenopotes ferrisi) and one species of flea (Doratopsylla blarinae) represent new state records. From 1993 to 1995, 773 individual mammals were examined for ectoparasites in southeastern Missouri. One species of chewing louse, 6 species of sucking lice, and 11 species of fleas were recovered from 18 of the 21 mammal species examined. Ctenophthalmus pseudagyrtes was recovered from more mammal species (6) than any other flea species; and the white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, was parasitized by more flea species (5) than other hosts examined. Except for H. sciuricola, which was recovered from two congeneric species of tree squirrels, each species of louse was confined to a separate host species. C1 Georgia So Univ, Inst Arthropodol & Parasitol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. RP USA, Med Component, Dept Entomol, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. FU PHS HHS [U50/CCU410281] NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 EI 1948-7134 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 22 IS 2 BP 125 EP 132 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA YV919 UT WOS:000071877500006 PM 9491363 ER PT J AU Gouvea, V Cohen, SJ Santos, N Myint, KSA Hoke, C Innis, BL AF Gouvea, V Cohen, SJ Santos, N Myint, KSA Hoke, C Innis, BL TI Identification of hepatitis E virus in clinical specimens: amplification of hydroxyapatite-purified virus RNA and restriction endonuclease analysis SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE hepatitis E virus; RNA purification; hydroxyapatite; multi-site RT-PCR; restriction endonuclease analysis; HEV genotyping ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; TRANSMISSION; EXTRACTION; ROTAVIRUS; ACID AB A multi-site nested reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) was developed to identify hepatitis E virus (HEV) in clinical specimens. Four sets of primers were selected to amplify regions in the HEV genome supposed to encode the helicase, polymerase, and parts of the viral capsid protein. Digestion of the nested PCR products with HinfI, HaeII, AvaII, BgII, KpnI, SmaI, or EcoRI generated readily recognizable profiles that confirm the HEV sequences and/or distinguish the unique Mexico genotype (our positive control) from all other isolates (Asian genotype). In addition, the hydroxyapatite (HA) adsorption method was compared to other adsorption and extraction methods widely used to purify viral RNA from clinical specimens for RT-PCR. All methods presented the same sensitivity of recovery of HEV RNA, but only the adsorption methods efficiently removed fecal enzymatic inhibitors. The HA method gave the best results and was the most economic in terms of time, cost, manipulations and reagents. The method was validated by screening a small number of serum and fecal specimens available from patients with acute non-A,B,C hepatitis in Nepal. HEV RNA was identified in half (5/11) of the fecal specimens obtained from patients with evidence of recent HEV infection, but in none of the 14 patients without a serological marker for hepatitis E. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Washington, DC USA. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Microbiol, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Gouvea, V (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, 14th & Dahlia Sts,Bldg 40, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM dr._vera_gouvea@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil RI Santos, Norma/H-6986-2015 OI Santos, Norma/0000-0002-5123-9172 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD DEC PY 1997 VL 69 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 61 DI 10.1016/S0166-0934(97)00146-8 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA YW773 UT WOS:000071972600007 PM 9504751 ER PT J AU Schmaljohn, C Vanderzanden, L Bray, M Custer, D Meyer, B Li, DX Rossi, C Fuller, D Fuller, J Haynes, J Huggins, J AF Schmaljohn, C Vanderzanden, L Bray, M Custer, D Meyer, B Li, DX Rossi, C Fuller, D Fuller, J Haynes, J Huggins, J TI Naked DNA vaccines expressing the prM and E genes of Russian spring summer encephalitis virus and Central European encephalitis virus protect mice from homologous and heterologous challenge SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; LETHAL JEV INFECTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; FEVER VIRUS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; STRUCTURAL GLYCOPROTEIN; NEUTRALIZATION; IMMUNIZATION; RECOMBINANT; PARTICLE AB Naked DNA vaccines expressing the prM and E genes of two tick-borne flaviviruses, Russian spring summer encephalitis (RSSE) virus and Central European encephalitis (CEE) virus were evaluated in mice. The vaccines were administered by particle bombardment of DNA-coated gold beads by Accell gene gun inoculation. Two immunizations of 0.5 to 1 mu g of RSSE or CEE constructs/dose, delivered at 4-week intervals, elicited cross-reactive antibodies detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-titer neutralizing antibodies to CEE virus. Cross-challenge experiments demonstrated that either vaccine induced protective immunity to homologous or heterologous RSSE or CEE virus challenge. The absence of antibody titer increases after challenge and the presence of antibodies to E and prM, but not NS1, both before and after challenge suggest that the vaccines prevented productive replication of the challenge virus. One vaccination with 0.5 mu g of CEE virus DNA provided protective immunity for at least 2 months, and two vaccinations protected mice from challenge with CEE virus for at least 6 months. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV DIS ASSESSMENT,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. GENIVA,MADISON,WI 53711. RP Schmaljohn, C (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV VIROL,1425 PORTER ST,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 45 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 71 IS 12 BP 9563 EP 9569 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA YF896 UT WOS:A1997YF89600070 PM 9371620 ER PT J AU Stoskopf, MK Spelman, LH Sumner, PW Redmond, DP Jochem, WJ Levine, JF AF Stoskopf, MK Spelman, LH Sumner, PW Redmond, DP Jochem, WJ Levine, JF TI The impact of water temperature on core body temperature of North American river otters (Lutra canadensis) during simulated oil spill recovery washing protocols SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE petroleum; thermoregulation; squalene; core temperature; telemetry; river otter ID ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; CONTAMINATION; THERMOREGULATION AB Ten North American river otters (Lutra canadensis) were anesthetized with Telazol and instrumented with ingestable radiotelemetry temperature sensors for measuring core body temperature. The otters were then subjected to a washing protocol to simulate rehabilitation following an oil spill contamination. This protocol consisted of a 30-min wash in a 1:16 dilution of dishwashing liquid using either cold (24 degrees C) water or water near baseline core body temperature (38.4 degrees C), followed by a 30-min rinse with water of the same temperature, followed by 10 min of forced hot air drying. Core body temperatures of the otters washed in cold water fell at a median rate of 0.1 degrees C/min, whereas otters washed in warm water maintained stable core temperatures until the completion of the protocol, at which time their core temperatures began to drop at a similar rate. Core temperatures restabilized in both groups, and no statistical difference in core temperature between groups remained 180 min after initiation of the protocol. Efforts to examine the efficacy of supplemental squalene administration to speed the recovery of fur condition and waterproofing were unsuccessful because the washing protocol did not cause loss of coat waterproofing in 8 of the 10 subjects. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Environm Med Consortium, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. N Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Raleigh, NC 27604 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Res Triangle Inst, Biomed Engn Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Stoskopf, MK (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Environm Med Consortium, 4700 Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 28 IS 4 BP 407 EP 412 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA ZA013 UT WOS:000072319000007 PM 9523634 ER PT J AU Spelman, LH Jochem, WJ Sumner, PW Redmond, DP Stoskopf, MK AF Spelman, LH Jochem, WJ Sumner, PW Redmond, DP Stoskopf, MK TI Postanesthetic monitoring of core body temperature using telemetry in North American river otters (Lutra canadensis) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE river otter; Lutra canadensis; telemetry; temperature; anesthesia ID ANESTHESIA; ENDOTHERMS; FEED; FOOD AB Remote thermal telemetry was performed on North American river otters (Lutra canadensis) during the 1995 North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission Otter Restoration Project. Otters were anesthetized with either ketamine-midazolam (n = 11) or tiletamine-zolazepam (n = 9) combinations. Based upon initial rectal temperatures, mild to moderate hyperthermia (39.4-40.5 degrees C) developed in five otters given ketamine-midazolam and three otters given tiletamine-zolazepam. Following anesthetic induction, each otter received an ingestible temperature transmitter. Dependent upon gastrointestinal transit time and transmitter battery life, core body temperature was monitored for up to 13.75 hr postanesthesia. Thermal telemetry revealed a gradual decline in core temperature in all otters after anesthetic recovery (30-60 min). Median core temperature stabilized subsequently within 0.3 degrees C of resting temperature (38.4 degrees C) 1.75 hr after initial injection in otters given tiletamine-zolazepam and 2.75 hr in otters given ketamine-midazolam. Minor fluctuations in body temperature (less than 1 degrees C) occurred in most otters from 6 to 13.75 hr and were attributed to variations in physical activity. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Environm Med Consortium, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. N Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Raleigh, NC 27604 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Res Triangle Inst, Biomed Engn Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Spelman, LH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Dept Anim Hlth, 3001 Connecticut Ave, Washington, DC 20008 USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC Z00 VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 28 IS 4 BP 413 EP 417 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA ZA013 UT WOS:000072319000008 PM 9523635 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Night dogs. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 122 IS 20 BP 146 EP 146 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA YL861 UT WOS:000071001200247 ER PT J AU Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Rock, PB Fulco, CS Lyons, TP Hoyt, RW Cymerman, A AF Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Rock, PB Fulco, CS Lyons, TP Hoyt, RW Cymerman, A TI Exercise responses after altitude acclimatization are retained during reintroduction to altitude SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE deacclimatization; ventilation; heart rate; plasma volume; lactate ID VENTILATORY RESPONSE; EXPOSURE; BLOOD; CAPACITY; LACTATE; MEN; POLYCYTHEMIA; TRANSPORT; RELIANCE; HYPOXIA AB Following 2 to 3 wk of altitude acclimatization, ventilation is increased and heart rate (HR), plasma volume (PV), and lactate accumulation ([La]) are decreased during submaximal exercise. The objective of this study was to determine whether some degree of these exercise responses associated with acclimatization would be retained upon reintroduction to altitude (RA) after 8 d al sea level (SL). Six male Lowlanders ((X) over bar +/- SE; 31 +/- 2 pr, 82.4 +/- 4.6 kg) exercised to exhaustion at the same relative percentages of peak oxygen uptake ((V) over dot O-2peak) at SL, on acute altitude (AA) exposure, after a 16-d chronic altitude (CA) exposure on Pikes Peak (4,300 m), and during a 3- to 4-h RA in a hypobaric chamber (4,300 m; 446 mm Hg) after 8 d at SL. The submaximal exercise to exhaustion time (min) was the same at SL (66.0 +/- 1.6), AA (67.7 +/- 7.3), CA (79.9 +/- 6.2), and RA (67.9 +/- 1.9). At 75% (V) over dot O-2peak: (1) arterial oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) increased from AA to CA (67.0 +/- 1.5 vs 78.5 +/- 1.8%; P < 0.05) and remained increased at RA (77.0 +/- 2.0%); (2) HR decreased from SL to CA (171 +/- 6 vs 152 +/- 9 beats.min(-1); P < 0.05) and remained decreased at RA (157 +/- 5 beats.min(-1)); (3) calculated PV decreased 6.9 +/- 10.0% at AA, 21.3 +/- 11.1% at CA, and 16.7 +/- 5.4% at RA from SL baseline values, and (4) [La] decreased from AA to CA(5.1 +/- 0.9 vs 1.9 +/- 0.4 mmol.L-1; P < 0.05) and remained decreased at RA (2.6 +/- 0.6 mmol.L-1). Upon RA after 8 d at SL, the acclimatization responses were retained 92 +/- 9% for SaO(2), 74 +/- 8% for PV, and 58 +/- 3% for [La] at 75% (V) over dot O-2peak. In conclusion, although submaximal exercise to exhaustion time is not improved upon reintroduction to altitude after 8 d at sea level, retention of beneficial exercise responses associated with altitude acclimatization is likely in individuals whose work, athletic competition, or recreation schedules involve intermittent sojourns to high elevations. C1 USA, Res Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Beidleman, BA (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Environm Med, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 33 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1588 EP 1595 DI 10.1097/00005768-199712000-00007 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA YM700 UT WOS:000071091600007 PM 9432091 ER PT J AU Taylor, DC Brooks, DE Ryan, JB AF Taylor, DC Brooks, DE Ryan, JB TI Viscoelastic characteristics of muscle: passive stretching versus muscular contractions SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE isometric; flexibility; contractile force; viscoelasticity ID HIP-JOINT; FLEXIBILITY; PREVENTION; MOTION AB This study compared the effects of repeated contractions and repeated passive stretches on the viscoelastic properties of muscle. The tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of eight anesthetized male New Zealand white rabbits were studied. In each rabbit, one hindlimb was randomly assigned to the repeated muscular contraction group (CON) and the contralateral hindlimb to the repeated passive stretch group (STRETCH). The passive tension at neutral length was measured in all muscles before and after both repeated muscular contractions or repeated passive stretches. In the CON hindlimb, the peroneal nerve was stimulated with a nerve stimulator for 1 s, and the resulting contractile force was measured. Stimulations were repeated every 10 s for a total of 10 contractions. In the STRETCH hindlimb, the TA was stretched from its shortest in vivo length to its maximum in vivo length 10 times at 20 cm.min(-1). The maximum force generated during the first contraction in the CON group averaged 21.74 +/- 1.41 N, with a subsequent reduction with each muscle contraction to 13.66 +/- 0.81 N by the tenth contraction. The average peak tensile force in the STRETCH group was 17.39 +/- 2.61 N for the first passive stretch, decreasing to 13.57 +/- 1.84 by the tenth stretch. After repeated muscular contractions in:he CON hindlimbs, the passive tension at neutral length decreased from 0.88 +/- 0.22 N to 0.42 1 0.08 N. After repeated passive stretches in the STRETCH hindlimbs, the passive tension at neutral length decreased from 1.16 +/- 0.17 N to 0.67 +/- 0.09 N. The percentage decreases in passive tension between the CON and STRETCH groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.24). The results show that stretching and contracting both result in tissue relaxation of the muscle-tendon unit. This finding may be a result of changes in the viscous elements of the connective tissue secondary to the forces generated by either stretches or contractions. This study suggests that well controlled isometric muscular contractions may result in decreased passive tension in a muscle at neutral length, a finding that one normally associates with passive stretching. C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Div Mech Trauma Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. William Clay Ford Ctr Athlet Med, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. RP Taylor, DC (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Orthopaed Surg Serv, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 30 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1619 EP 1624 DI 10.1097/00005768-199712000-00011 PG 6 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA YM700 UT WOS:000071091600011 PM 9432095 ER PT J AU Buysse, JM Dunyak, DS Hartman, AB Venkatesan, MM AF Buysse, JM Dunyak, DS Hartman, AB Venkatesan, MM TI Identification and molecular characterization of a 27 kDa Shigella flexneri invasion plasmid antigen, IpaJ SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE IpaJ; TnphoA; Shigella flexneri 5; antigen; signal sequence ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; INTRACELLULAR MOVEMENT; VIRULENCE DETERMINANTS; UNIPOLAR LOCALIZATION; SURFACE PRESENTATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE AB Shigella species and; enteroinvasive Escherichia coli contain a core set of virulence genes whose coordinated expression results in the invasion of host colonic epithelial cells and the dysenteric syndrome. A number of virulence determinants are carried by the 230 kb invasion plasmid found in all virulent strains of Shigellae. Many of these invasion plasmid genes encode immunogens that are recognized by convalescent serum, including proteins that mediate the invasion (IpaB, IpaC, IpaD) and cell spreading (VirG or IcsA and IcsB) phenotypes. In this report, we describe the molecular characterization of a novel invasion plasmid antigen from Shigella flexneri, designated IpaJ. The ipaJ gene encodes a 780 bp open reading frame (ORF), separated from the ipaR (virB) stop codon by 944 bp. The predicted amino acid sequence for IpaJ revealed a consensus signal peptide for protein export. TnphoA mutagenesis of the ipaJ ORF confirmed the presence of export signal sequences in IpaJ. Unlike ipaBCDA genes, transcription analysis of ipaJ indicated that the gene is not expressed in a temperature-dependent fashion. The IpaJ protein was expressed and purified as a His6-tagged fusion protein that reacted with convalescent sera in Western blot analyses, confirming its identification as a Shigella immunogen. Construction and phenotypic characterization of ipaJ mutants in two serotypes of S. flexneri showed that the mutants were not compromised in their ability to invade cultured epithelial cells or to form plaques on BHK cell monolayers. In addition, the ipaJ mutants were Sereny positive indicating a capacity for intercellular dissemination; however, in the limited number of guinea-pigs tested, the keratoconjunctivitis reaction appeared attenuated. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Upjohn Co, Mol Biol Res, Kalamazoo, MI 49001 USA. RP Venkatesan, MM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Bldg 40,Room B020, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 23 IS 6 BP 357 EP 369 DI 10.1006/mpat.1997.0164 PG 13 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA YV075 UT WOS:000071787100005 PM 9441862 ER PT J AU Cowan, DN Gambel, JM Brundage, JF Garner, RP Kuhn, J AF Cowan, DN Gambel, JM Brundage, JF Garner, RP Kuhn, J TI Children of human immunodeficiency virus-infected members of the army reserve components SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 122nd Annual Meeting of the American-Public-Health-Association, Population-and-Family-Planning-Section CY OCT 30-NOV 03, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Publ Hlth Assoc, Populat & Family Planning Sect ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; HIV-INFECTION; NUMBER; AIDS AB Objectives: Little is known about the numbers of children who will be left without one or both parents because of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This report evaluates childbearing patterns among U.S. Army reserve component members, a group largely made up of men with limited contact with the military, Methods: HIV status was determined from routinely collected data, with demographic information obtained from personnel records. Number of children was estimated from number of dependents reported, No information was available on the infection status of children or spouses of members, Results: There were 1,884 HIV-positive members, with an estimated total of 843 children. Childbearing patterns varied across several demographic characteristics, Among 14 metropolitan statistical areas, the proportion reporting any children and the number of children of infected members per 100,000 varied substantially, Conclusions: This report documents the numbers of children of HIV-positive adults in this population and provides evidence that certain metropolitan areas will be disproportionately affected. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20507 USA. RP Cowan, DN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20507 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 162 IS 12 BP 777 EP 782 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YM063 UT WOS:000071024200004 PM 9433080 ER PT J AU Candler, WH Ivey, H AF Candler, WH Ivey, H TI Cold weather injuries among US soldiers in Alaska: A five-year review SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Army Environmental Medicine Conference CY MAY 16, 1996 CL NATICK, MASSACHUSETTS AB Cold weather injury (CWI) reports covering 272 U.S. Army soldiers from September 1990 to May 1995 were reviewed. First- and second-degree frostbite accounted for 99.3% of all injuries. Although some soldiers had extensive lost duty time from their injuries, no one suffered tissue loss during the 5-year period. Fifty-one percent of injuries occurred during field training. Thirty-six percent occurred while engaging in garrison activities, including physical training, which accounted for 15% of all CWIs. Twelve percent of all injuries occurred during off-duty time. Seventy-one percent of CWIs occurred when the wind-chill factor was at or below -20 degrees F (-29 degrees C). Male African-American soldiers appear to be significantly more susceptible to frostbite than male Caucasian soldiers, especially with regard to frostbite of the distal extremities (relative risk = 3.94; 95% confidence interval = 2.77-5.59). Other identified risk factors include inadequate clothing, wet clothing, dehydration, inactivity, fatigue, and previous CWIs. C1 USA, MEDDAC AK, Dept Prevent Med, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. RP Candler, WH (reprint author), USA, MEDDAC AK, Dept Prevent Med, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. NR 10 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 162 IS 12 BP 788 EP 791 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YM063 UT WOS:000071024200006 PM 9433082 ER PT J AU Christ, MJ Dillon, CA AF Christ, MJ Dillon, CA TI Myelokathexis in a mother and infant: A second case suggesting dominant inheritance SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; ANTINEUTROPHIL ANTIBODIES; SEVERE NEUTROPENIA; GRANULOCYTE; VARIANT; CSF AB Myelokathexis is a rare form of neutropenia that is probably congenital, characterized by severe noncyclic neutropenia, recurrent infections, granulocytic hyperplasia of the bone marrow, and degenerative changes in mature neutrophils. The cause remains uncertain. A case of myelokathexis was reported in a father and two daughters, and based on this, myeIokathexis was given an autosomal-dominant inheritance in Mendelian Inheritance in Man (11th edition, 1994). We present the case of a 12-month-oId male with chronic neutropenia and the morphologic features of myelokathexis whose mother carries the same diagnosis, providing additional evidence in favor of dominant transmission. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK Pe, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Christ, MJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, MCHK Pe, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 162 IS 12 BP 827 EP 828 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YM063 UT WOS:000071024200016 PM 9433092 ER PT J AU Hecker, RB Hays, JV Champ, JD Rubal, BJ AF Hecker, RB Hays, JV Champ, JD Rubal, BJ TI Myocardial ischemia and stunning induced by topical intranasal phenylephrine pledgets SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CANINE CORONARY-ARTERIES; COCAINE; INFARCTION; VASOSPASM; SPASM AB This case study describes myocardial ischemia and stunning after the topical application of phenylephrine-soaked pledgets (0.25%) in a 63-year-old female undergoing elective endoscopic sinus surgery. The patient had no previous history of cardiovascular disease or illicit drug use. Transient myocardial ischemia was associated with acute hypertension, chest pain, and S-T segment changes 4 minutes after pledget placement. Angiography revealed normal coronary blood flow and severe left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, Follow-up echocardiography demonstrated improved left ventricular function within 1 week and total resolution of dysfunction by 4 weeks after ischemia. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hecker, RB (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Anesthesia & Operat Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 162 IS 12 BP 832 EP U1 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YM063 UT WOS:000071024200018 PM 9433094 ER PT J AU Chacko, AK Lollar, HW AF Chacko, AK Lollar, HW TI Reconfiguring radiology to the new environment: the approach of the US military SO MINIMALLY INVASIVE THERAPY & ALLIED TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE filmless radiology; PACS; virtual radiology environment AB US health care has seen several changes in the past 5 years, some instigated by government, others by the demands of society. The emphasis in all these changes is improvement in the efficiency of, and ease of access to, health care. This is well illustrated by the discipline of radiology where such improvements are being achieved by the incorporation of information technology into the discipline. The development of a filmless radiology department and the creation of a virtual radiology environment is described in this article, and the advantages resulting from these technological advances are discussed. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Chacko, AK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ISIS MEDICAL MEDIA LTD PI OXFORD PA 59 ST ALDATES, OXFORD OX1 1ST, ENGLAND SN 1364-5706 J9 MINIM INVASIV THER JI Minim. Invasive Ther. Allied Technol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 6 IS 5-6 BP 429 EP 431 DI 10.3109/13645709709153345 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA YT935 UT WOS:000071661300011 ER PT J AU Lyon, JA Carter, JM Thomas, AW Chulay, JD AF Lyon, JA Carter, JM Thomas, AW Chulay, JD TI Merozoite surface protein-1 epitopes recognized by antibodies that inhibit Plasmodium falciparum merozoite dispersal SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; MSP-1; epitope mapping; immune complexes; antigen; antibody; malaria ID SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INTRAERYTHROCYTIC STAGE; TERMINAL FRAGMENT; CROSS-REACTIVITY; IMMUNE SERUM; MALARIA; ANTIGEN; GROWTH; GENE AB Serum antibodies from malaria immune donors can inhibit merozoite dispersal by forming immune complexes through surface-accessible regions of membrane associated antigens. Such merozoite forms are referred to as immune clusters of merozoites (ICM). Antibodies dissociated from ICM of Plasmodium falciparum identify a restricted subset of antigens, including merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1). We performed epitope mapping by comparing the reactivity of whole immune sera and ICM-derived antibodies in immunoblotting assays, using fourteen overlapping recombinant MSP-1 fragments, and by ELISA, using each of the 1720 octapeptides encoded within MSP-1. Antibodies in immune sera reacted with thirteen recombinant fragments and hundreds of octapeptides, but antibodies derived from ICM reacted with only six recombinant fragments and twenty octapeptides. Recombinant fragment recognition by ICM-derived antibodies was delimited to three regions 150-200 residues long, with seven of the octapeptide epitopes also mapping to these regions. The octapeptides recognized most strongly by antibodies in whole serum corresponded to the degenerate repeats near the N-terminus of MSP-1, however, neither recombinant fragments, nor octapeptides containing these degenerate repeats, were recognized by ICM-derived antibodies. Compared to reactions with recombinant fragments, the reactions observed with octapeptides were weak and may represent low-affinity mimetopes or cross-reactions. Alternatively, they may represent reactions with a portion of an epitope assembled from more than one non-contiguous peptide. These results suggest that ICM-derived antibodies can be used to map surface-accessible epitopes on MSP-1 and that the recombinant fragments with which they react are appropriate candidates for further evaluation as components of a malaria vaccine. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lyon, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Dr._Jeff_Lyon@WRSMTP-CCMAIL.Army.mil RI Carter, John Mark/K-2485-2015 OI Carter, John Mark/0000-0001-8251-4168 NR 32 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 EI 1872-9428 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD DEC 1 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 1 BP 223 EP 234 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(97)00155-2 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA YU428 UT WOS:000071716100019 PM 9497045 ER PT J AU Lasiecka, I Marchand, RJ AF Lasiecka, I Marchand, RJ TI Uniform decay rates for solutions to nonlinear shells with nonlinear dissipation SO NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Congress of Nonlinear Analysis CY JUL 10-17, 1996 CL ATHENS, GREECE SP Int Federat Nonlinear Analysts DE dynamic nonlinear shallow shells; uniform stabilization; asymptotic behavior; multiplier methods; and nonlinear dissipation C1 Univ Virginia, Dept Appl Math, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Lasiecka, I (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Appl Math, Thornton Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RI Lasiecka, Irena/C-1386-2013 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0362-546X J9 NONLINEAR ANAL-THEOR JI Nonlinear Anal.-Theory Methods Appl. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 30 IS 8 BP 5409 EP 5418 DI 10.1016/S0362-546X(97)00118-1 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA YX561 UT WOS:000072052900086 ER PT J AU Thach, AB Dugel, PU Flindall, RJ Siperley, JO Sneed, SR AF Thach, AB Dugel, PU Flindall, RJ Siperley, JO Sneed, SR TI A comparison of retrobulbar versus sub-Tenon's corticosteroid therapy for cystoid macular edema refractory to topical medications SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL-ACUITY; KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE; PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY; LENS EXTRACTION; INDOMETHACIN; PROPHYLAXIS; VITRECTOMY; PREVENTION; ACETAZOLAMIDE; FLURBIPROFEN AB Objective: The objective is to compare the effectiveness of retrobulbar and posterior sub-Tenon's injection of corticosteroids for treatment of post-cataract cystoid macular edema that was refractory to topical medications. Design: A retrospective study was performed. Participants: A total of 48 patients (49 eyes) with post-cataract cystoid macular edema refractory to topical medications was studied. Intervention: Patients received either a single retrobulbar injection (18 eyes) or 3 biweekly posterior sub-Tenon's injections (31 eyes) of corticosteroids. Main Outcome Measures: Patients were observed for clinical resolution of the cystoid macular edema, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure. Results: Both treatment methods resulted in significant improvement in visual acuity, The posterior sub-Tenon's group had a visual improvement from 20/92 pretreatment to 20/50 post-treatment (P = 0.0001) with a median follow-up of 12 months, The retrobulbar group had a visual improvement from 20/97 pretreatment to 20/58 post-treatment (P = 0.035) with a median follow-up of 10 months. The visual improvement was not significantly different between the two groups, The average intraocular pressure increased from a pretreatment level of 14.1 mmHg to a high of 17.7 mmHg (P < 0.00005) in the sub-Tenon's group, The average intraocular pressure increased from 15.1 mmHg to a high of 17.6 mmHg (P = 0.04) in the retrobulbar group. Conclusions: Cystoid macular edema that persists after treatment with topical medications may improve after retrobulbar or posterior sub-Tenon's corticosteroid injections. There was no significant difference in outcome between the two treatment groups. C1 RETINAL CONSULTANTS ARIZONA,PHOENIX,AZ 85006. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 43 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD DEC PY 1997 VL 104 IS 12 BP 2003 EP 2008 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA YK085 UT WOS:A1997YK08500010 PM 9400758 ER PT J AU Dou, RS Vorontsov, MA Sivokon, VP Giles, MK AF Dou, RS Vorontsov, MA Sivokon, VP Giles, MK TI Iterative technique for high-resolution phase distortion compensation in adaptive interferometers SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE phase distortion suppression; adaptive optics; liquid crystal television; phase modulation; interferometer ID LIQUID-CRYSTAL TELEVISION; LOOP AB High-resolution adaptive phase distortion suppression is experimentally demonstrated for laser interferometers using a liquid crystal television as a phase modulator and an optoelectronic feedback loop, The experiments are carried out for both amplitude division (Mach-Zehnder) and rotational shear types of interferometers. The suggested iterative control algorithm is based solely on interference pattern information. The results of numerical simulations of a high-resolution adaptive system based on rotational shear type interferometers show the system's potential for atmospheric turbulence phase distortion suppression. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RP Dou, RS (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20823, USA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 36 IS 12 BP 3327 EP 3335 DI 10.1117/1.601591 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA YK902 UT WOS:A1997YK90200014 ER PT J AU Gilbert, JA Shepherd, RL Cole, HJ Ashley, PR AF Gilbert, JA Shepherd, RL Cole, HJ Ashley, PR TI Three-dimensional displacement measurement using diffractive optic interferometry SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE diffractive optic interferometry; 3-D displacement measurement ID MOIRE INTERFEROMETRY AB A powerful new optical method that utilizes diffractive optic interferometry (DOI) to measure both in-plane and out-of-plane displacement with variable sensitivity using the same optical system is introduced. Sensitivity is varied utilizing various combinations of the different wavefronts produced by a conjugate pair of binary optical elements; a transmission grating is used to produce several illumination beams, while a reflective grating, replicated an the surface of a specimen, provides the reference for the undeformed state. A derivation of the equations that govern the method is included along with a discussion of the experimental tests conducted to verify the theory. Overall, the results are excellent, with experimental data agreeing to within a few percent of the theoretical predictions. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 COLORADO SCH MINES,DIV ENGN,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,ASTRION LAB,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. USA,MISSILE COMMAND,WEAP SCI DIRECTORATE RES,CTR DEV & ENGN,REDSTONE ARSENAL,AL 35898. RP Gilbert, JA (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,CONSORTIUM HOLOG APPL MECH & PHOTON,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 36 IS 12 BP 3336 EP 3342 DI 10.1117/1.601571 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA YK902 UT WOS:A1997YK90200015 ER PT J AU Liening, DA Plemmons, RE Fair, KP Butler, WP McAllister, CK Davis, MG AF Liening, DA Plemmons, RE Fair, KP Butler, WP McAllister, CK Davis, MG TI Mycobacterium fortuitum otitis media SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID TUBERCULOSIS; MASTOIDITIS; INFECTION; OXYGEN; WATER C1 Armstrong Lab, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Pathol Serv, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Brooks AFB, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, Brooks AFB, TX USA. RP Liening, DA (reprint author), 25270 Flaming Arrow, San Antonio, TX 78258 USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 117 IS 6 BP S131 EP S133 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70080-9 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA YM622 UT WOS:000071083200047 PM 9419126 ER PT J AU Sheridan, MF Yim, DWS AF Sheridan, MF Yim, DWS TI Cervical sympathetic schwannoma: A case report and review of the English literature SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID PARAPHARYNGEAL SPACE; NEUROGENIC TUMORS; NECK SCHWANNOMAS; HEAD C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Otorinolaringol, MCHK,DSH, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. RP Sheridan, MF (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Serv Otorinolaringol, MCHK,DSH, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 117 IS 6 BP S206 EP S210 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70104-9 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA YM622 UT WOS:000071083200071 PM 9419150 ER PT J AU Syms, MJ Burton, BS Burgess, LPA AF Syms, MJ Burton, BS Burgess, LPA TI Magnetic resonance imaging in carotidynia SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 99th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 16-22, 1995 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID PAIN; NECK C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Serv, Tripler, HI USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Tripler, HI USA. RP Syms, MJ (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Serv, HSHK, DSH, Tripler, HI 96859 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 117 IS 6 BP S156 EP S159 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70088-3 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA YM622 UT WOS:000071083200055 PM 9419134 ER PT J AU Bojang, KA Obaro, SK Leach, A D'Alessandro, U Bennett, S Metzger, W Ballou, WR Targett, GAT Greenwood, BM AF Bojang, KA Obaro, SK Leach, A D'Alessandro, U Bennett, S Metzger, W Ballou, WR Targett, GAT Greenwood, BM TI Follow-up of Gambian children recruited to a Pilot safety and immunogenicity study of the malaria vaccine SPf66 SO PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaria; vaccine; SPf66; Gambian children ID TRIAL; EFFICACY; INFANTS AB A pilot safety and immunogenicity trial of the malaria vaccine SPf66 was undertaken in The Gambia in 1993. One hundred and fifty infants aged 6-11 months were immunized with either 0.5 mg or 1.0 mg of SPf66 produced either in Colombia or in the USA or with a control vaccine. Children who received SPf66 experienced more clinical attacks of malaria than did children in the control group during the first period of surveillance and the difference in incidence between children who had received high dose Colombian vaccine and the control children was statistically significant at the 5% level. During the 1995 malaria transmission season, 127 children from the original cohort of 150 were observed During 18 weeks of intensive surveillance, the incidence of clinical malaria was again higher among children who had received SPf66 than among children who had received inactivated polio vaccine (6.23 vs 4.89 clinical attacks per 1000 days at risk), the effect being most marked among children who were in the high dose groups, but differences between groups were now no longer statistically significant. C1 Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England. Med Res Council Labs, Fajara, Gambia. Inst Trop Med Prince Leopold, Dept Parasitol, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Greenwood, BM (reprint author), Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. RI D'Alessandro, Umberto/D-3457-2015; Metzger, Wolfram/A-6878-2016 OI D'Alessandro, Umberto/0000-0001-6341-5009; NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-9838 J9 PARASITE IMMUNOL JI Parasite Immunol. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 19 IS 12 BP 579 EP 581 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1997.d01-171.x PG 3 WC Immunology; Parasitology SC Immunology; Parasitology GA YQ115 UT WOS:000071350000006 PM 9458470 ER PT J AU Choi, YS Longacre, JL ChesneyGraham, U Cooper, SW AF Choi, YS Longacre, JL ChesneyGraham, U Cooper, SW TI Revised group B streptococcal (GBS) infection guidelines SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter C1 WOMACK ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,FT BRAGG,NC 28307. RP Choi, YS (reprint author), WOMACK ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,FT BRAGG,NC 28307, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 1997 VL 100 IS 6 BP 1042 EP 1042 DI 10.1542/peds.100.6.1042 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA YJ314 UT WOS:A1997YJ31400038 PM 9411383 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE Myers, JM Lomonaco, SJ AF Brandt, HE Myers, JM Lomonaco, SJ TI Aspects of entangled translucent eavesdropping in quantum cryptography SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID NONORTHOGONAL STATES; INFORMATION AB We present a mathematical physics analysis of entangled translucent eavesdropping in quantum cryptography, based on the recent work of Ekert, Huttner, Palma, and Peres [Phys. Rev. A 50, 1047 (1994)]. The key generation procedure involves the transmission, interception, and reception of two nonorthogonal photon polarization states. At the receiving end, a positive operator valued measure (POVM) is employed in the measurement process. The eavesdropping involves an information-maximizing von Neumann-type projective measurement. We propose a design for a receiver that is an all-optical realization of the POVM, using a Wollaston prism, a mirror, two beam splitters, a polarization rotator, and three photodetectors. We present a quantitative analysis of the receiver. We obtain closed-form algebraic expressions for the error rates and mutual information, expressed in terms of the POVM-receiver error rate and the angle between the carrier polarization states. We also prove a significant result, namely, that in the entangled translucent eavesdropping approach, the unsafe error rate based on standard mutual information comparisons is equivalent to the maximum allowable error rate based on perfect mutual information for the eavesdropper, Tn this case, the above unsafe error rate is in fact not overly conservative. [S1050-2947(97)01212-2]. C1 HARVARD UNIV,GORDON MCKAY LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV MARYLAND BALTIMORE CTY,DEPT COMP SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21228. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC PY 1997 VL 56 IS 6 BP 4456 EP 4465 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.56.4456 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YK233 UT WOS:A1997YK23300020 ER PT J AU Kinnamon, KE Poon, BT Hanson, WL Waits, VB AF Kinnamon, KE Poon, BT Hanson, WL Waits, VB TI In pursuit of drugs for American trypanosomiasis: Evaluation of some ''standards'' in a mouse model SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AMPHIPHILIC CATIONIC DRUGS; CHAGAS-DISEASE; CRUZI; KETOCONAZOLE AB Forty-nine ''standard'' compounds known to be useful in the treatment of other diseases wan tested for their suppressive activity against ''the trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice, The most active was the antidepressant protriptyline, which was almost three times as effective as the reference drug, nifurtimox. A major value of the present data is to demonstrate the refractoriness of the T. cruzi parasite against many of the drug standards that have known biological activity. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV EXPT THERAPEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV GEORGIA,COLL VET MED,DEPT PARASITOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 216 IS 3 BP 424 EP 428 PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA YJ513 UT WOS:A1997YJ51300012 PM 9402149 ER PT J AU Johnson, KB Charya, RV Atkins, JL Wiesmann, WP Pearce, FJ AF Johnson, KB Charya, RV Atkins, JL Wiesmann, WP Pearce, FJ TI The role of histamine in mediating the decompensatory phase of hemorrhagic shock in the rat SO SHOCK LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; PLASMA; HEART AB Our laboratory has previously reported that plasma histamine levels rise significantly and coincidentally with the onset oi the decompensatory phase of isobaric hemorrhagic shock in rats. The histamine levels seen in shock were comparable to those that induce profound vasodilatation in many vascular beds under normovolemic conditions. We, therefore, sought to determine whether the elevation in plasma histamine contributes to the cardiovascular collapse seen in the decompensatory phase of hemorrhagic shock. Sprague-Dawley rats were bled according to an isobaric bleeding protocol which maintained the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) at 40 mmHg until death. Selected H-1 (diphenhydramine) and/or H-2 (cimetidine and famotidine) antagonists were administered at 75% of the estimated peak shed blood volume (PSBV), a point preceding the rise in plasma histamine. Plasma histamine levels in all groups were similar throughout the time course of hemorrhagic shock. None of the histamine receptor antagonists affected the time of onset or the rate of decompensation, Suspecting that hypotension may alter the animal's response to histamine, we investigated the effect of exogenous histamine administration on MAP before and after hemorrhage. In unbled animals, bolus histamine in infusions (.6 mg/kg) dropped the MAP by 62.0 +/- 2.7 mmHg, however, in animals bled to 40 mmHg, histamine dropped the MAP by 7.2 +/- 2.7 mmHg (p = .002). On the basis of the results of these two interventions, we conclude that histamine is not an important mediator of the cardiovascular collapse seen in the decompensatory phase of hemorrhagic shock in the rat. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV SURG,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMEDICAL PRESS PI AUGUSTA PA 1021 15TH ST, BIOTECH PARK STE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901 SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD DEC PY 1997 VL 8 IS 6 BP 444 EP 449 DI 10.1097/00024382-199712000-00009 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA YL088 UT WOS:A1997YL08800009 PM 9421859 ER PT J AU Anderson, DM Nachman, P Estell, RE Ruekgauer, T Havstad, KM Fredrickson, EL Murray, LW AF Anderson, DM Nachman, P Estell, RE Ruekgauer, T Havstad, KM Fredrickson, EL Murray, LW TI The potential of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra of sheep feces to determine diet botanical composition (vol 21, pg 1, 1996) SO SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USA, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Rang, NM 88002 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Expt Stat, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Anderson, DM (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept 3JER, Jornada Expt Range,Boc 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4488 J9 SMALL RUMINANT RES JI Small Ruminant Res. PD DEC 1 PY 1997 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 199 EP 199 DI 10.1016/S0921-4488(97)00015-1 PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA YQ570 UT WOS:000071401100029 ER PT J AU Brandle, CD Ren, F Wilson, RG Lee, JW Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM AF Brandle, CD Ren, F Wilson, RG Lee, JW Pearton, SJ Zavada, JM TI Stability of hydrogen in ScAlMgO4 SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID GAN; FILMS AB Hydrogen as 2H was incorporated into ScAlMgO4 by both ion implantation and by exposure to a plasma at 250 degrees C. In the implanted material diffusion begins at similar to 500 degrees C and most of the hydrogen is lost by less than or equal to 750 degrees C. This thermal stability for hydrogen retention is considerably lower than for other substrate materials for GaN epilayer growth, such as Al2O3 and SiC. There is minimal permeation of H-2 from a plasma at 250 degrees C (D-H < 5 x 10(-16) cm(2) s(-1)) in ScAlMgO4, and thus unintentional hydrogen incorporation into GaN overlayers should be minimal at typical growth temperatures. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 HUGHES RES LABS,MALIBU,CA 90265. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP Brandle, CD (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 41 IS 12 BP 1943 EP 1945 DI 10.1016/S0038-1101(97)00146-9 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA YL168 UT WOS:A1997YL16800018 ER PT J AU Lakshminarayanan, V Srinivasan, R Chu, D Gilman, S AF Lakshminarayanan, V Srinivasan, R Chu, D Gilman, S TI Area determination in fractal surfaces of Pt and Pt-Ru electrodes SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE catalysis; electrochemical methods; fractal; platinum; ruthenium; scanning tunneling microscopy; surface roughness ID METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION; CAPACITANCE; MICROSCOPY; IMPEDANCE; ALLOYS; ROUGH AB A fractal approach using corrugation data to calculate surface area is offered as an alternative to gas adsorption technique. The surfaces of mechanically polished polycrystals of pure Pt and Pt-Ru(40%) alloy were examined using scanning tunneling microscopy. Over a range of 0.01-10 mu m lengths, three fractal dimensions were identified. Measurements made at randomly selected locations separated by distances>0.1 mm showed the existence of the three domains everywhere. However, in each domain, the fractal dimensions, D, varied from one location to another, suggesting a stochastic distribution of D. The stochastic data was used to calculate the surface area, In the pure Pt case, the area calculated on this basis correlated well with the area measured by the anodic stripping of adsorbed hydrogen. The usefulness of the fractal approach to area calculation in the Pt-Ru alloy, where the hydrogen absorption technique cannot be used, is demonstrated. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,LAUREL,MD 20723. USA,RES LAB,ELECTROCHEM BRANCH,SENSORS & ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. RI Lakshminarayanan , V/E-5125-2012 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD DEC 1 PY 1997 VL 392 IS 1-3 BP 44 EP 51 DI 10.1016/S0039-6028(97)00458-5 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA YL162 UT WOS:A1997YL16200017 ER PT J AU Saji, M Westra, WH Chen, H Umbricht, CB Tuttle, RM Box, MF Udelsman, R Sukumar, S Zeiger, MA AF Saji, M Westra, WH Chen, H Umbricht, CB Tuttle, RM Box, MF Udelsman, R Sukumar, S Zeiger, MA TI Telomerase activity in the differential diagnosis of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid SO SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Endocrine-Surgeons CY APR 06-08, 1997 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Amer Assoc Endocrine Surgeons ID NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY; CYTOLOGY; NODULES; CANCER; CELLS AB Background. Although fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is 90% sensitive in the detection of papillary carcinoma (PC) of the thyroid, its specificity has been reported as low as 52%. Consequently, patients who have an FNA suspicious for PC may undergo operation for a benign process. The ribonucleoprotein. telomerase has been noted to be activated in a wide variety of carcinomas. We examined 30 PCs for telomerase activity to determine whether this would be a useful adjunct to FNA in the diagnosis of lesions suspicious for PC. Methods. Standard telomere repent amplification protocol assays were performed on fresh frozen tissue samples from 30 PCs, 3 benign nodules, and 10 normal thyroids. Results. Telomerase activity was documented in 20 of 30 (67%) of the PCs, 0 of 3 benign nodules, and 0 of 10 normal thyroids. In all, 11 of the 20 PCs had FNA cytology that was nondiagnostic of PC, and 2 of the benign nodules had FNA that was suspicious for PC. Conclusions. The telomerase assay appears useful in the distinction of benign from malignant thyroid lesions that have FNA suspicious for but not diagnostic of PC. On the basis of these findings, a prospective trial examining telomerase activity in FNAs suspicious for thyroid cancer has been initiated. C1 Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol & Endocrine Surg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Zeiger, MA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Surg, Div Surg Oncol & Endocrine Surg, 600 N Wolfe St,Carnegie 681, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. NR 18 TC 45 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD DEC PY 1997 VL 122 IS 6 BP 1137 EP 1140 DI 10.1016/S0039-6060(97)90219-1 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA YM682 UT WOS:000071089200040 PM 9426430 ER PT J AU Smirnova, IV Salazar, A Arnold, PM Glatt, S Handler, M Festoff, BW AF Smirnova, IV Salazar, A Arnold, PM Glatt, S Handler, M Festoff, BW TI Thrombin and its precursor in human cerebrospinal fluid SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article ID PROTEASE-NEXIN-I; NERVOUS-SYSTEM INJURY; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; RECEPTOR ACTIVATION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY; COAGULATION CASCADE; ANTITHROMBIN-III; SERINE PROTEASES; PROTHROMBIN AB The blood coagulation cascade proteolytic enzyme, thrombin, affects many cell types, including neurons and astrocytes, in which it prevents process outgrowth and induces significant morphological degeneration and even cell death. Since thrombin may contribute significantly to pathological conditions in the central nervous system (CNS), where it is synthesized locally, we measured the levels of thrombin and its precursor, prothrombin, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 67 individuals from 6 groups: non-neurologic controls (NNC); spinal degenerative disease (SDD); peripheral nerve disease (PND); cerebrovascular, neuroimmune and seizure disorders and tumor (CNSD); traumatic brain injury (TBI) and neurodegenerative disorders (NDD). We employed a sensitive chromogenic assay utilizing the thrombin specific tripeptide substrate, S-2238, to evaluate CSF levels of thrombin and prothrombin. The latter estimated after its conversion to active enzyme by the snake venom prothrombinase, ecarin. No measurable active thrombin was detected in these CSF samples. However, activatable prothrombin was measured in all groups. The mean activatable prothrombin concentrations (in nM) were 7.26 +/- 3.39 (NNC); 8.85 +/- 3.09 (SDD); 6.78 +/- 2.58 (PND); 6.33 +/- 3.87 (CNSD); 5.10 +/- 1.86 (TBI), and 7.80 +/- 3.27 (NDD). Duncan's multiple comparison test showed significant reduction (p <0.05) in prothrombin levels of the TBI group. Our data suggests that the prothrombin zymogen gains access to the CSF, likely across either an intact or compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB), in increased amounts with age. Reduced levels in TBI patients may have diagnostic and/or prognostic value. C1 VET ADM MED CTR,NEUROBIOL RES LAB 151R,KANSAS CITY,MO 64128. UNIV KANSAS,MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,KANSAS CITY,KS 66103. UNIV KANSAS,MED CTR,DEPT SURG NEUROSURG,KANSAS CITY,KS 66103. UNIV KANSAS,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL & ONCOL NEUROPATHOL,KANSAS CITY,KS 66103. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 78 IS 6 BP 1473 EP 1479 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA YK789 UT WOS:A1997YK78900011 PM 9423797 ER PT J AU Rohaly, AM Ahumada, AJ Watson, AB AF Rohaly, AM Ahumada, AJ Watson, AB TI Object detection in natural backgrounds predicted by discrimination performance and models SO VISION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE object detection; discrimination; modeling; natural images ID MASKING; VISION AB Many models of visual performance predict image discriminability, the visibility of the difference between a pair of images, We compared the ability of three image discrimination models to predict the detectability of objects embedded in natural backgrounds, The three models were: a multiple channel Cortex transform model with within-channel masking; a single channel contrast sensitivity filter model; and a digital image difference metric, Each model used a Minkowski distance metric (generalized vector magnitude) to summate absolute differences between the background and object plus background images, For each model, this summation was implemented with three different exponents: 2, 4 and infinity. In addition, each combination of model and summation exponent was implemented with and without a simple contrast gain factor, The model outputs were compared to measures of object detectability obtained from 19 observers, Among the models without the contrast gain factor, the multiple channel model with a summation exponent of 4 performed best, predicting the pattern of observer d's with an RMS error of 2.3 dB, The contrast gain factor improved the predictions of all three models for all three exponents, With the factor, the best exponent was 4 for all three models, and their prediction errors were near 1 dB. These results demonstrate that image discrimination models can predict the relative detectability of objects in natural scenes. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 NASA,AMES RES CTR,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. RP Rohaly, AM (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 26 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0042-6989 J9 VISION RES JI Vision Res. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 37 IS 23 BP 3225 EP 3235 DI 10.1016/S0042-6989(97)00156-9 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Ophthalmology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Ophthalmology GA YG155 UT WOS:A1997YG15500004 PM 9425540 ER PT J AU Rihn, MJ Zhu, XQ Suidan, MT Kim, BJ Kim, BR AF Rihn, MJ Zhu, XQ Suidan, MT Kim, BJ Kim, BR TI The effect of nitrate on VOC removal in trickle-bed biofilters SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE biofiltration; trickle-bed biofilter; VOC; diethyl ether; nitrate; oxygen; diffusion limiting ID AIR; BIOFILTRATION AB In response to the growing concern over volatile organic compounds (VOCs), biofiltration is becoming an established economical air pollution control technology for removing VOCs from waste air streams. Current research efforts are concentrating on improving control over key parameters that affect the performance of gas phase biofilters. This study utilized diethyl ether as a substrate, nitrate as the sole nutrient nitrogen source within two co-currently operated trickle-bed biofilters, for over 200 days. The two pelletized medium biofilters Were operated at a low empty bed contact time of 25 s, inlet gas flow rates of 8.64 m(3)/day, nutrient liquid flow rates of 1 liter/day, and COD loading rates of 1.8 and 3.6 kg/m(3) per day, respectively. Operational parameters including contaminant concentration in the gas phase, nutrient nitrate concentration in the aqueous phase, and the frequency of biomass removal were considered. Special attention was given to the effect and the role of nitrate on VOC removal. Throughout the experiment, nitrate persisted in the liquid effluent and the ether removal efficiencies improved with increasing influent nitrate concentration, which suggest that the nitrate diffusion into the biofilms is rate determining. By increasing the concentration of oxygen in the feed to this biofilter from 21% (ambient air) to 50 and 100%, while maintaining an influent ether concentration of 133 ppmv and a feed nitrate concentration of 67 mg-N/liter, the performance of the biofilter was not significantly affected. These results suggest that nitrogen was rate limiting as a growth nutrient rather than as an electron acceptor for the respiration of ether. The results also indicated that removal of excess biomass is necessary to maintain long-term performance. However, the required frequency of biomass removal depends on operating parameters such as loading. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. Ford Motor Co, Res Lab, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. NR 16 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD DEC PY 1997 VL 31 IS 12 BP 2997 EP 3008 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00168-1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA YM261 UT WOS:000071045900008 ER PT J AU Alley, RB Shuman, CA Meese, DA Gow, AJ Taylor, KC Cuffey, KM Fitzpatrick, JJ Grootes, PM Zielinski, GA Ram, M Spinelli, G Elder, B AF Alley, RB Shuman, CA Meese, DA Gow, AJ Taylor, KC Cuffey, KM Fitzpatrick, JJ Grootes, PM Zielinski, GA Ram, M Spinelli, G Elder, B TI Visual-stratigraphic dating of the GISP2 ice core: Basis, reproducibility, and application SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID LASER-LIGHT SCATTERING; AIR-HYDRATE CRYSTALS; GREENLAND ICE; POLAR ICE; YOUNGER DRYAS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; GRAIN-GROWTH; CLIMATE; RECORD AB Annual layers are visible in the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core from central Greenland, allowing rapid dating of the core. Changes in bubble and grain structure caused by near-surface, primarily summertime formation of hear complexes provide the main visible annual marker in the Holocene, and changes in ''cloudiness'' of the ice correlated with dustiness mark Wisconsinan annual cycles; both markers are evident and have been intercalibrated in early Holocene ice. Layer counts are reproducible between different workers and for one worker at different times, with 1% error over century-length times in the Holocene. Reproducibility is typically 5% in Wisconsinan ice-age ice and decreases with increasing age and depth. Cumulative ages from visible stratigraphy are not significantly different from independent ages of prominent events for ice older than the historical record and younger than approximately 50,000 years. Visible observations are not greatly degraded by ''brittle ice'' or many other core-quality problems, allowing construction of long, consistently sampled time series. High accuracy requires careful study of the core by dedicated observers. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOSCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT GEOL SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98195. USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. US GEOL SURVEY,OFF CENT REG GEOLOGIST,DENVER,CO 80225. CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL,LAB C14,KIEL,GERMANY. SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT PHYS,BUFFALO,NY 14620. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,OCEANS & ICE BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771. UNIV NEVADA,DESERT RES INST,UNIV & COMMUNITY COLL SYST NEVADA,RENO,NV 89506. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,INST STUDY EARTH OCEANS & SPACE,DURHAM,NH 03824. RP Alley, RB (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,CTR EARTH SYST SCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. RI Spinelli, Glenn/B-1346-2009; Grootes, Pieter/F-4952-2011; Taylor, Kendrick/A-3469-2016 OI Taylor, Kendrick/0000-0001-8535-1261 NR 65 TC 130 Z9 136 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 30 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C12 BP 26367 EP 26381 DI 10.1029/96JC03837 PG 15 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA YJ671 UT WOS:A1997YJ67100006 ER PT J AU Meese, DA Gow, AJ Alley, RB Zielinski, GA Grootes, PM Ram, M Taylor, KC Mayewski, PA Bolzan, JF AF Meese, DA Gow, AJ Alley, RB Zielinski, GA Grootes, PM Ram, M Taylor, KC Mayewski, PA Bolzan, JF TI The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 depth-age scale: Methods and results SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID LASER-LIGHT SCATTERING; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PAST VOLCANISM; TIME-SCALES; CORE; GISP2; CLIMATE; RECORD; ERUPTION; ICELAND AB The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) depth-age scale is presented based on a multiparameter continuous count approach, to a depth of 2800 m, using a systematic combination of parameters that have never been used to this extent before. The ice at 2800 m is dated at 110,000 years B.P. with an estimated error ranging from 1 to 10% in the top 2500 m of the core and averaging 20% between 2500 and 2800 m. Parameters used to date the core include visual stratigraphy, oxygen isotopic ratios of the ice, electrical conductivity measurements, laser-light scattering from dust, volcanic signals, and major ion chemistry. GISP2 ages for major climatic events agree with independent ages based on varve chronologies, calibrated radiocarbon dates, and other techniques within the combined uncertainties. Good agreement also is obtained with Greenland Ice Core Project ice core dates and with the SPECMAP marine timescale after correlation through the delta(18)O of O-2. Although the core is deformed below 2800 m and the continuity of the record is unclear, we attempted to date this section of the core on the basis of the laserlight scattering of dust in the ice. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,CTR EARTH SYST SCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. OHIO STATE UNIV,BYRD POLAR RES CTR,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL,LEIBNIZ LAB,D-24118 KIEL,GERMANY. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,INST STUDY EARTH OCEANS & SPACE,CLIMATE CHANGE RES CTR,DURHAM,NH 03824. SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT PHYS,BUFFALO,NY 14260. UNIV NEVADA,DESERT RES INST,UNIV & COMMUNITY COLL SYST NEVADA,RENO,NV 89506. RP Meese, DA (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. RI Grootes, Pieter/F-4952-2011; Taylor, Kendrick/A-3469-2016 OI Taylor, Kendrick/0000-0001-8535-1261 NR 40 TC 313 Z9 323 U1 8 U2 54 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 30 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C12 BP 26411 EP 26423 DI 10.1029/97JC00269 PG 13 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA YJ671 UT WOS:A1997YJ67100009 ER PT J AU Meeker, LD Mayewski, PA Twickler, MS Whitlow, SI Meese, D AF Meeker, LD Mayewski, PA Twickler, MS Whitlow, SI Meese, D TI A 110,000-year history of change in continental biogenic emissions and related atmospheric circulation inferred from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Ice Core SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; FOREST-FIRES; RECORD; AMMONIUM; CLIMATE; SUMMIT; CYCLE; SNOW; VEGETATION; NITRATE AB The 110,000-year record of ammonium concentrations from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core provides the basis for an analysis of terrestrial biological production and atmospheric circulation patterns involved in the transport of biologically produced ammonium to the Greenland atmosphere. The directly measured concentration series was selected for analysis, rather than that of estimated ammonium flux, after a detailed analysis of the relationship among ice core glaciochemical concentrations and a high-resolution simultaneous record of snow accumulation from the GISP2 core. Analysis of the ammonium concentration series shows that maxima in background levels of ammonium in the Greenland atmosphere are strongly related to and synchronous with summer forcing associated with the precessional cycle of insolation. Minima in background levels, on the other hand, are delayed relative to minima in summer insolation at those times when ice volume is significant. The duration of these delays are similar in magnitude (approximate to 6000 years) to other paleoclimatic responses to changes in ice volume. Decadal and centennial scale variation about background levels of ammonium concentration exhibit two modes of behavior when compared to a record of polar atmospheric circulation intensity. During warmer periods ammonium transport to Greenland is similar to present patterns. Under coldest conditions the low levels of ammonium transported to Greenland are the result of extreme southerly excursions of the predominantly zonal polar circulation. The rapid transitions (approximate to 200 years) between these two climatic conditions appear to be associated with a critical volume or extent of the continental ice sheets. C1 USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, DEPT MATH, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, DEPT EARTH SCI, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. RP Meeker, LD (reprint author), UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE, INST STUDY EARTH OCEANS & SPACE, CLIMATE CHANGE RES CTR, DURHAM, NH 03824 USA. NR 37 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 30 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C12 BP 26489 EP 26504 DI 10.1029/97JC01492 PG 16 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA YJ671 UT WOS:A1997YJ67100014 ER PT J AU Gow, AJ Meese, DA Alley, RB Fitzpatrick, JJ Anandakrishnan, S Woods, GA Elder, BC AF Gow, AJ Meese, DA Alley, RB Fitzpatrick, JJ Anandakrishnan, S Woods, GA Elder, BC TI Physical and structural properties of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core: A review SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID GISP2; FABRICS AB Substantial data sets have been collected on the relaxation characteristics, density, grain size, c axis fabrics, and ultrasonic velocities of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) core to its contact with bedrock at 3053.4 m. Changes in all these properties paralleled closely those found in cores from Byrd Station, Antarctica, and Dye 3, Greenland. Density increased progressively with depth to a maximum of 0.921 Mg/m(3) at about 1400 m, at which depth the ice became bubble free. Below about 2000 m, in situ densities began to decrease in response to increasing ice sheet temperatures. Since drilling, much of the ice core has undergone significant volume expansion (relaxation) due to microcracking and the exsolving of enclathratized gases, especially in the brittle ice zone between 650 and 1400 m. Grain size increased linearly to about 1000 m, thereafter remaining fairly constant until the Younger Dryas event at 1678 m where a twofold to threefold decrease in grain size occurred. These grain size changes were accompanied by a progressive clustering of crystal c axes toward the vertical, including a small increase in c axis concentration across the Younger Dryas/Holocene boundary. Increased dust levels in the Wisconsin ice have contributed to the maintenance of a fine-grained texture which, with its strong vertical c axis fabric, persisted to nearly 3000 m. However, beginning at about 2800 m, layers of coarse-grained ice intermixed with the much finer-grained matrix ice are observed. Below 3000 m the ice became very coarse grained. This change, attributed to annealing recrystallization at elevated temperatures in the ice sheet, was accompanied by a dispersed or ring-like redistribution of the c axes about the vertical. Ultrasonic measurements of vertical and horizontal p wave velocities made at 10-m intervals along the entire length of the GISP2 core fully confirmed the results of the crystallo-optical observations. A return to fine-grained ice coincided with the first appearance of brown, silty ice 13 m above bedrock. Bedrock material consisted of 48 cm of till, including boulders and cobbles, overlying gray biotite granite comprising the true bedrock. There is evidence that disturbed structure in the GISP2 cores begins little more than 70% of the way through the ice sheet. This disturbance increases with depth until it becomes large enough to cast suspicion on features lasting centuries or more in the bottom 10% of the ice sheet. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,CTR EARTH SYST SCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOSCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. US GEOL SURVEY,OFF REG GEOLOGIST,DENVER,CO 80255. RP Gow, AJ (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 30 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 30 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C12 BP 26559 EP 26575 DI 10.1029/97JC00165 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA YJ671 UT WOS:A1997YJ67100021 ER PT J AU Alley, RB Gow, AJ Meese, DA Fitzpatrick, JJ Waddington, ED Bolzan, JF AF Alley, RB Gow, AJ Meese, DA Fitzpatrick, JJ Waddington, ED Bolzan, JF TI Grain-scale processes, folding, and stratigraphic disturbance in the GISP2 ice core SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID POLYCRYSTALLINE ICE; CENTRAL GREENLAND; AGE ICE; DEFORMATION; FABRICS; PATTERN; SHEETS; GROWTH; CREEP AB Flow disturbances have been shown to alter stratigraphic order in the lower part of the ice sheet in central Greenland. Vertical thin sections of the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core show that in the lower 30%, the expected c axis-vertical fabric is interrupted by planes of grains (''stripes'') with c axes oriented approximately in the dip directions of the planes. Stripe-parallel shear produces small-scale folds. The stripes can be explained qualitatively by a simple nucleation-and-growth model based on the strong anisotropy of ice-crystal deformation. Nucleation probably is sensitive to spatially variable rates of polygonization, producing spatially variable stripe densities. Stripes are modeled to affect the ice viscosity, so variations in stripe density may contribute to viscosity contrasts that might produce larger deformational features and loss of stratigraphic order. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOSCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. OHIO STATE UNIV,BYRD POLAR RES CTR,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. US GEOL SURVEY,OFF CENT REG GEOLOGIST,DENVER,CO 80225. USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. UNIV WASHINGTON,GEOPHYS PROGRAM,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Alley, RB (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,CTR EARTH SYST SCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 40 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD NOV 30 PY 1997 VL 102 IS C12 BP 26819 EP 26830 DI 10.1029/96JC03836 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA YJ671 UT WOS:A1997YJ67100043 ER PT J AU Pendleton, JD Hill, SC AF Pendleton, JD Hill, SC TI Collection of emission from an oscillating dipole inside a sphere: analytical integration over a circular aperture SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE fluorescence; electromagnetic waves; emission; microspheres; scattering; single-molecule detection ID MORPHOLOGY-DEPENDENT RESONANCES; LEVITATED MICRODROPLETS; FLUORESCENT SCATTERING; SINGLE MOLECULES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; SMALL PARTICLES; RAMAN; RHODAMINE-6G; SPECTROSCOPY; ORIENTATION AB We describe a method for integrating analytically, over a circular aperture, the emission from an oscillating dipole inside a dielectric sphere. The model is useful for investigating fluorescence, Raman, or other emission from molecules inside of spherical particles or droplets. The analysis is performed for two cases: (a) the dipole emits from a fixed orientation, and (b) the dipole emits from all orientations and the collected energy is summed. This second case models the collection of emission from a molecule that is excited repeatedly; after each excitation it rotates to a random orientation before emitting. These results are applicable to single-molecule detection techniques employing microdroplets and to other techniques for characterizing microparticles with luminescence or inelastic scattering. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. RP Pendleton, JD (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD NOV 20 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 33 BP 8729 EP 8737 DI 10.1364/AO.36.008729 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA YF886 UT WOS:A1997YF88600027 PM 18264422 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Ren, F Pearton, SJ AF Cole, MW Ren, F Pearton, SJ TI Post growth rapid thermal annealing of GaN: The relationship between annealing temperature, GaN crystal quality, and contact-GaN interfacial structure SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; FILMS AB Microstructure of GaN films grown by metalorganic chemical-vapor-deposition (MOCVD) on c-sapphire substrates has been accessed as a function of post-growth rapid thermal annealing (RTA) temperatures from 600 degrees C to 800 degrees C. The influence of the thermally modified, new-surface crystalline quality on sputtered WSI contact to GaN was also evaluated, Similar planar defects were observed in all heat treated samples: only their density differed, Our analyses demonstrated a strong relationship between the improved GaN crystal quality and postgrowth high-temperature thermal processing. The density of the near-surface defects was lowered by 61% as the annealing temperature was raised from 600 degrees C to 800 degrees C, Depression of the near-surface defects encouraged development of the beta-W2N interfacial phase and promoted metal-semiconductor interface smoothness. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,WEAPONS & MAT RES DIRECTORATE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 13 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 17 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 20 BP 3004 EP 3006 DI 10.1063/1.120244 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YF675 UT WOS:A1997YF67500046 ER PT J AU Ashcom, JD Stiles, BG AF Ashcom, JD Stiles, BG TI Characterization of alpha-conotoxin interactions with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and monoclonal antibodies SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID VENOM POSTSYNAPTIC NEUROTOXINS; BINDING-SITES; CONE SNAILS; GI; ANTAGONIST; SNAKE; IDENTIFICATION; SELECTIVITY; LIGAND; ASSAY AB The venoms of predatory marine cone snails, Conus species, contain numerous peptides and proteins with remarkably diverse pharmacological properties. One group of peptides are the alpha-conotoxins, which consist of 13-19 amino acids constrained by two disulphide bonds. A biologically active fluorescein derivative of Conus geographus alpha-conotoxin GI (FGI) was used in novel solution-phase-binding assays with purified Torpedo californica nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAchR) and monoclonal antibodies developed against the toxin. The binding of FGI to nAchR or antibody had apparent dissociation constants of 10-100 nM. Structure-function studies with alpha-conotoxin GI analogues composed of a single disulphide loop revealed that different conformational restraints are necessary for effective toxin interactions with nAchR or antibodies. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV TOXICOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 328 BP 245 EP 250 PN 1 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA YJ098 UT WOS:A1997YJ09800034 PM 9359860 ER PT J AU Reid, T AF Reid, T TI A sensitive spectrophotometric method to monitor platelet membrane integrity: Measurement of intracellular leakage of fluorescein from platelets during cooling. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 163 EP 163 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42400163 ER PT J AU Edenfield, WJ Goodwin, GR Lee, NM Moores, LK AF Edenfield, WJ Goodwin, GR Lee, NM Moores, LK TI Engraftment syndrome: Incidence and clinical correlates. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 982 EP 982 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42400982 ER PT J AU Kark, JA Ward, FT Gardner, JW AF Kark, JA Ward, FT Gardner, JW TI Prevention of exertional heat illness eliminates unexplained exercise-related death of recruits with sickle cell trait. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HOWARD UNIV,CTR SICKLE CELL DIS,WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 1981 EP 1981 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42401977 ER PT J AU Goff, JM Jackson, MR Taher, M Cutting, MA Alving, BM Krishnamurti, C AF Goff, JM Jackson, MR Taher, M Cutting, MA Alving, BM Krishnamurti, C TI Physiologic effect of human cross-linked hemoglobin in endotoxin-treated rats. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WASHINGTON HOSP CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2095 EP 2095 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42402091 ER PT J AU HoudeMcGrail, LL Diehl, LF Hospenthal, DR Howard, RS Dow, N Byrd, JC AF HoudeMcGrail, LL Diehl, LF Hospenthal, DR Howard, RS Dow, N Byrd, JC TI Herpes virus infections in patients with low-grade lymphoproliferative disorders following treatment with fludarabine: Related to the underlying disease process? SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2332 EP 2332 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42402328 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Shinn, CA Bedi, A Waselenko, JK Fuchs, E Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Sausville, E Grever, MR AF Byrd, JC Shinn, CA Bedi, A Waselenko, JK Fuchs, E Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Sausville, E Grever, MR TI Flavopiridol has marked in vitro activity against human B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and induces apoptosis independent of p53 status. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NATL CANC INST,BETHESDA,MD. JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,BALTIMORE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2366 EP 2366 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42402362 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Waselenko, JK Shinn, CA Bedi, A Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Sausville, E Grever, MR AF Byrd, JC Waselenko, JK Shinn, CA Bedi, A Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Sausville, E Grever, MR TI FR901228, a novel antitumor bicyclic depsipeptide, has significant in vitro activity against human B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,BALTIMORE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2367 EP 2367 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42402363 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Waselenko, JK Shinn, CA Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Grever, M AF Byrd, JC Waselenko, JK Shinn, CA Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Grever, M TI Interleukin-4 induces resistance to F-ara-A and UCN-01, but not flavopiridol in a BCL-2 independent manner. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2368 EP 2368 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42402364 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK Przygodzki, R Grever, MR Shinn, CA Sausville, E Byrd, JC AF Waselenko, JK Przygodzki, R Grever, MR Shinn, CA Sausville, E Byrd, JC TI Flavopiridol, UCN-01, FR901228 and gemcitabine have significant in vitro activity in de novo B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia with aberrant p53 Function. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,BALTIMORE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2369 EP 2369 PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG424 UT WOS:A1997YG42402365 ER PT J AU Driscoll, MC Prauner, R AF Driscoll, MC Prauner, R TI 5,10 methylenetetrahydro-folate reductase C667T mutation and stroke in sickle cell. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. CHILDRENS NATL MED CTR,DEPT HEMATOL ONCOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 2796 EP 2796 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42500106 ER PT J AU Rothwell, SW Maglasang, P Krishnamurti, C AF Rothwell, SW Maglasang, P Krishnamurti, C TI Survival of human platelets in a rabbit model as tracked by flow cytometry. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3024 EP 3024 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42500334 ER PT J AU Krishnamurti, C Cutting, MA Hursting, MJ Nickell, GL Alving, BM AF Krishnamurti, C Cutting, MA Hursting, MJ Nickell, GL Alving, BM TI High correlation between a physical and a functional method for determining plasma argatroban levels. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MDS,HARRIS LABS,LINCOLN,NE. TEXAS BIOTECHNOL CORP,HOUSTON,TX. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WASHINGTON HOSP CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3240 EP 3240 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42500550 ER PT J AU Schwartz, GN Rothwell, SW Zujewski, J Halverson, DC OShaughnessy, J Cowan, KH Gress, RE AF Schwartz, GN Rothwell, SW Zujewski, J Halverson, DC OShaughnessy, J Cowan, KH Gress, RE TI Inhibitory effects of postchemotherapy and GM-CSF pretreated marrow stromal cell layers on hematopoiesis from normal donor CD34+ cells. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NCI,MED BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3509 EP 3509 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42500819 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Waselenko, JK Shinn, CA Miller, C Gore, S Sausville, E Grever, MR AF Byrd, JC Waselenko, JK Shinn, CA Miller, C Gore, S Sausville, E Grever, MR TI FR901228, a novel antitumor bicyclic depsipeptide, has marked in vitro activity against both the K-562 cell line and human acute leukemia cells. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3810 EP 3810 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42501120 ER PT J AU Shinn, CA Byrd, JC Waselenko, JK Sausville, E Miller, C Gore, S Grever, MR AF Shinn, CA Byrd, JC Waselenko, JK Sausville, E Miller, C Gore, S Grever, MR TI UCN-01 has significant in vitro activity in both the resistant K562 cell line and human acute leukemia cells. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3848 EP 3848 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42501158 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK Byrd, JC Shinn, CA Miller, C Gore, S Sausville, E Grever, MR AF Waselenko, JK Byrd, JC Shinn, CA Miller, C Gore, S Sausville, E Grever, MR TI Flavopiridol has marked in vitro activity against the K-562 cell line and human acute leukemia cells. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,HEMATOL ONCOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,DIV HEMATOL MALIGNANCY,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 3858 EP 3858 PN 2 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42501168 ER PT J AU Byrd, JC Shinn, CA Bedi, A Waselenko, JK Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Sausville, E Grever, MR AF Byrd, JC Shinn, CA Bedi, A Waselenko, JK Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Sausville, E Grever, MR TI UCN-O1: A promising new agent for B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) that induces apoptosis independent of p53 status. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NATL CANC INST,BETHESDA,MD. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 4125 EP 4125 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42501434 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK Byrd, JC Shinn, CA Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Sausville, E Grever, MR AF Waselenko, JK Byrd, JC Shinn, CA Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Sausville, E Grever, MR TI Carboxyamido-triazole (CAI), a signal transduction inhibitor, demonstrates marginal activity against human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia in vitro. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 4147 EP 4147 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42501456 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK Grever, MR Shinn, CA Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Byrd, JC AF Waselenko, JK Grever, MR Shinn, CA Flinn, IW Diehl, LF Byrd, JC TI Gemcitabine demonstrates significant in vitro activity in heavily pre-treated B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 4148 EP 4148 PN 2 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42501457 ER PT J AU Myhand, R Babior, B Fields, V Reeb, B Alexander, B Smith, D AF Myhand, R Babior, B Fields, V Reeb, B Alexander, B Smith, D TI Storage of autologous peripheral blood pheresis product in modified fluid gelatin decreases time to engraftment for patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with stem cell support. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR, BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT SERV, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. Scripps Res Inst, DEPT MOL & EXPT MED, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 4244 EP 4244 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42501553 ER PT J AU Myhand, R Atkins, M Coleman, T Reeb, B Smith, D Alexander, B Vukelja, SJ AF Myhand, R Atkins, M Coleman, T Reeb, B Smith, D Alexander, B Vukelja, SJ TI Tandem high-dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell support in metastatic breast cancer. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. TYLER CANC CTR,TYLER,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 SU 1 BP 4571 EP 4571 PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA YG425 UT WOS:A1997YG42501880 ER PT J AU Greenberg, DB Kornblith, AB Herndon, JE Zuckerman, E Schiffer, CA Weiss, RB Mayer, RJ Wolchok, SM Holland, JC AF Greenberg, DB Kornblith, AB Herndon, JE Zuckerman, E Schiffer, CA Weiss, RB Mayer, RJ Wolchok, SM Holland, JC TI Quality of life for adult leukemia survivors treated on clinical trials of cancer and leukemia group B during the period 1971-1988 - Predictors for later psychologic distress SO CANCER LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; ANTICIPATORY NAUSEA; CHEMOTHERAPY; ADJUSTMENT; ADAPTATION; ANXIETY; STRESS AB BACKGROUND. To identify predictors of psychosocial adjustment for survivors of adult acute leukemia, the adaptation of 206 survivors (77% with acute myelogenous leukemia, and 23% with acute lymphocytic leukemia) treated on any of 13 Cancer and Leukemia Group B trials during the period 1971-1988 was examined. METHODS. Survivors (median age, 41 years) who were at least 1 year from completion of all treatment (median, 5 years) were interviewed by telephone about psychologic symptoms; social, sexual, and vocational function; and beliefs about control over health. Standardized psychologic instruments were used to evaluate survivors' responses. RESULTS, Most survivors adapted well; however, 14% were 1.5 standard deviations above normal on the Global Severity Index of the Brief Symptom Inventory. Predictors of greater psychologic distress included less education, younger age, anticipatory distress during chemotherapy treatment, and the combination of more medical problems after treatment with poorer family function. Anticipatory nausea and distress during chemotherapy predicted persistent visceral distress later, which occurred with reminders of treatment. Anticipatory vomiting predicted a greater tendency toward cancer-related intrusive thoughts and avoidance of reminders. CONCLUSIONS. Patients experiencing anticipatory distress during treatment who are younger and less educated should be monitored for depressive syndromes later. (C) 1997 American Cancer Society. C1 MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,NEW YORK,NY 10021. STAT OFF,CANC & LEUKEMIA GRP B,DURHAM,NC. UNIV MARYLAND,CTR CANC,DEPT MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. DANA FARBER CANC INST,DEPT ADULT ONCOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP Greenberg, DB (reprint author), MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,DEPT PSYCHIAT,100 BLOSSOM ST,COX BLDG,BOSTON,MA 02114, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA12449, CA31946, CA33601] NR 31 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 80 IS 10 BP 1936 EP 1944 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19971115)80:10<1936::AID-CNCR10>3.0.CO;2-Z PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA YE286 UT WOS:A1997YE28600010 PM 9366296 ER PT J AU Gorny, MK VanCott, TC Hioe, C Israel, ZR Michael, NL Conley, AJ Williams, C Kessler, JA Chigurupati, P Burda, S Zolla-Pazner, S AF Gorny, MK VanCott, TC Hioe, C Israel, ZR Michael, NL Conley, AJ Williams, C Kessler, JA Chigurupati, P Burda, S Zolla-Pazner, S TI Human monoclonal antibodies to the V3 loop of HIV-1 with intra- and interclade cross-reactivity SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; 3RD VARIABLE DOMAIN; PRINCIPAL NEUTRALIZING DETERMINANT; BIOSPECIFIC INTERACTION ANALYSIS; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; ANTIGENIC PEPTIDES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GP120 MOLECULES; VIRAL ENVELOPE; VISNA VIRUS AB Five human anti-V3 mAbs were generated from Ab-producing cells derived from the blood of HIV-l-infected individuals from North America and selected using the V3 peptide of a divergent clade B isolate, HIVRF. The anti-V3(RF) mAbs were mapped to a cluster of three overlapping epitopes present in the KSITKGP sequence located in the hypervariable region on the N-terminal side of the V3 loop. Broad immunochemical cross-reactivity was noted when the mAbs were tested for binding to V3 peptides derived from four clade A viruses, nine clade B viruses, and two clade C viruses, These results demonstrate antigenic relatedness in the V3 regions of these three HIV-1 clades, Affinities determined by surface plasmon resonance were higher for recombinant gp120 than for V3 peptides, suggesting that these mAbs recognize both linear and conformationally dependent epitopes of the V3 loop. Two of the mAbs neutralized four clade B T cell line-adapted and primary isolates with varying degrees of potency. The two neutralizing mAbs were the most cross-reactive with V3 peptides from several clades, had the highest affinity for V3,, and V3(MN), and stained HIV-infected cells. The data suggest that cross-reactivity, affinity, cell surface staining, and neutralizing activity are characteristics that describe an optimal fit between Ag and Ab. The results also demonstrate that the V3 peptides representing the sequence of several clade A, B, and C viruses share antigenic features that are recognized by the human immune response, a finding that suggests that cross-clade immunity to HIV-1 may be inducible by HIV-1 vaccines. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New York, NY 10010 USA. NYU, Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Merck Res Labs, W Point, PA 19486 USA. RP Zolla-Pazner, S (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 423 E 23rd St,Room 1812N, New York, NY 10010 USA. EM Zollas01@mcrcr6.med.nyu.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI07382, AI36085, AI32424] NR 66 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 159 IS 10 BP 5114 EP 5122 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA YW262 UT WOS:000071914700056 PM 9366441 ER PT J AU Ratto-Kim, S Sitz, KV Scherer, AM Kim, JH Anderson, DW Nau, ME Mann, DL Akolkar, PN Gulwani-Akolkar, B Silver, L Birx, DL AF Ratto-Kim, S Sitz, KV Scherer, AM Kim, JH Anderson, DW Nau, ME Mann, DL Akolkar, PN Gulwani-Akolkar, B Silver, L Birx, DL TI Comparison of HIV-1 envelope-specific CD4(+) T cell lines simultaneously established from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymph node biopsy in HIV-1-infected individuals SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIV-1-SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS; RECEPTOR REPERTOIRE; INFECTION; LYMPHOCYTES; EXPRESSION; DISEASE; AIDS; RECOGNITION; PATTERNS AB HIV-1 envelope-specific CD4(+) T cell lines were established simultaneously from PBMC and lymph node mononuclear cells of two HIV-1-infected patients. Three recombinant envelope proteins were used to establish the CD4(+) T cell lines: gp160NL4-3, gp120IIIB, and gp120MN. Six T cell lines were established from the first patient, one for each Ag from each compartment, and four T cell lines, two per compartment, were established from the second patient, Each line was challenged with a panel of overlapping peptides spanning the entire gp120 sequence to define its T cell epitope specificity. The pattern of recognition for all the lines from any given patient was similar between compartments, Each patient had a different pattern of peptide recognition, TCR analysis showed a heterogeneous usage of V beta between lines with same peptide specificity and established from different compartments. These data suggest that the cellular immune response does not phenotypically vary between the peripheral blood and lymph node compartments, but demonstrates genotypic heterogeneity, showing possible redundancy of the immune response to HIV-1 gp160. C1 Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Univ Maryland, Div Immunogenet, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Charleston Area Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Charleston, WV 25304 USA. N Shore Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA. RP Ratto-Kim, S (reprint author), Henry M Jackson Fdn, 13 Taft Court Suite 200, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 159 IS 10 BP 5162 EP 5167 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA YW262 UT WOS:000071914700062 PM 9366447 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Walking K - DeMott,W SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA,COMBINED ARMS RES LIB,FT LEAVENWORTH,KS, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 19 BP 76 EP 76 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA YF993 UT WOS:A1997YF99300200 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, CE AF Gonzalez, CE TI E Luminata - Eltit,D SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Gonzalez, CE (reprint author), USA,KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT NETWORK,SAN ANTONIO,TX, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 19 BP 76 EP 76 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA YF993 UT WOS:A1997YF99300201 ER PT J AU Videen, G AF Videen, G TI Polarized light scattering from surface contaminants SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID RANDOM ROUGH SURFACES; CONDUCTING PLANE; MUELLER MATRIX; SPHERICAL-PARTICLE; WAVE SCATTERING; CYLINDER; BACKSCATTERING; INTERFACE; ELEMENTS; RAYLEIGH AB We develop a model to estimate the polarization state of the scattered light from certain surface particulates illuminated at near-grazing incidence. The polarization state of the light scattered by the isolated particle must resemble that of a Rayleigh particle. Although this condition appears constraining, it holds approximately for several particle systems, including Arizona Road Dust. The model results are independent of the actual shape and refractive index of the contaminant, but are sensitive to the dimensions of the particle and may be used in sizing contaminants on substrates. We examine the sensitivity of the model to contaminant size and compare the model with experimental results. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. RP Videen, G (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,AMSRL,IS,EE,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 143 IS 4-6 BP 173 EP 178 DI 10.1016/S0030-4018(97)00411-2 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA YE243 UT WOS:A1997YE24300001 ER PT J AU Haetty, J Salib, M Petrou, A Schmiedel, T Dutta, M Pamulapati, J Newman, PG Bajaj, KK AF Haetty, J Salib, M Petrou, A Schmiedel, T Dutta, M Pamulapati, J Newman, PG Bajaj, KK TI Magnetic-field-induced localization of carriers in Al0.25Ga0.75As/AlAs multiple-quantum-well structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID II GAAS/ALAS SUPERLATTICES; MECHANISMS AB The lowest-energy interband transitions in Al0.25Ga0.75As/AlAs quantum wells are type-II, with electrons confined in the AlAs X-valley minima and holes in the Al0.25Ga0.75As layers. We have studied the intensity of these transitions in magnetic fields up to 30 T, in the 2-12-K temperature range. When the magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the structure layers the intensity of the various luminescence features associated with the type-II interband transitions decreases by an order of magnitude with increasing magnetic field. The field-induced intensity reduction is temperature sensitive and disappears for temperatures above 15 K. No change in the photoluminescence intensity is observed when the magnetic field is applied in the plane of the layers. The decrease in the recombination intensity is attributed to magnetic-field-induced carrier localization at the interfaces. C1 FLORIDA STATE UNIV, NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32306 USA. USA, RES LAB, FT MONMOUTH, NJ 07703 USA. EMORY UNIV, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA. RP Haetty, J (reprint author), SUNY BUFFALO, DEPT PHYS, BUFFALO, NY 14260 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD NOV 15 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 19 BP 12364 EP 12368 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.12364 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA YH165 UT WOS:A1997YH16500060 ER PT J AU Rice, BM Chabalowski, CF AF Rice, BM Chabalowski, CF TI Ab initio and nonlocal density functional study of 1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX) conformers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; BASIS SETS; GAS-PHASE AB Geometry optimizations and normal-mode analyses of three conformers of 1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine (RDX) are performed using second-order Moller-Plesset (MP2) and nonlocal density functional theory (DFT) methods. The density functional used in this study is B3LYP. The three conformers of RDX are distinguished mainly by the arrangement of the nitro groups relative to the ring atoms of the RDX molecule. NO2 groups arranged in either pseudo-equatorial or axial positions are denoted with (E) or (A), respectively. The AAE conformer has C-s symmetry and is the structure in the room-temperature stable crystal(alpha-RDX). The AAA and EEE conformers have C-3v symmetry, a symmetry consistent with vapor and beta-solid infrared spectra. The AAE and AAA conformers are studied at the MP2/6-31G*, B3LYP/6-31G*, and B3LYP/6-31l+G** levels, and the EEE conformer is studied using the B3LYP density functional and the 6-31G* and 6-311+G** basis sets. The geometric parameters and infrared spectra of the AAA conformer are in good agreement with experimental gas-phase and beta-solid data, supporting the hypotheses derived from experiment that the AAA structure is the most probable conformer in vapor-phase and beta-solid RDX. The B3LYP/6-311+G** structures and simulated infrared spectra are in closest overall agreement with experimental data. The MP2/6-31G* structures and spectra are in poorest overall agreement with experiment. RP Rice, BM (reprint author), USA, BALLIST RES LAB, AMSRL, WM, PC, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD 21005 USA. NR 20 TC 128 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD NOV 13 PY 1997 VL 101 IS 46 BP 8720 EP 8726 DI 10.1021/jp972062q PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YG462 UT WOS:A1997YG46200021 ER PT J AU Lin, Y Long, JB AF Lin, Y Long, JB TI Prolonged pre-exposure to 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid protects against subsequent glutamate toxicity in vitro SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid; neuroprotection; glutamate toxicity; neuronal injury; glycine receptor; NMDA receptor complex ID GLYCINE PARTIAL AGONIST; RECEPTOR COMPLEX; NMDA RECEPTOR; ANTAGONIST; SITES AB Sustained 20 h pre-exposure to 1 mM 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACPC, which was removed 30 min before addition of 25 mu M glutamate) significantly reduced the subsequent neurotoxicity of glutamate in cultured forebrain and cerebellar neurons. The magnitude of neuronal protection was further enhanced if the neurons pretreated with ACPC were re-exposed to ACPC during glutamate challenge. These results closely resemble earlier findings with cultured spinal cord neurons and indicate that these primary cell culture preparations might be suitable for the assessment of the mechanism(s) underlying chronic ACPC-induced modification of the NMDA receptor complex. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. RP Lin, Y (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV NEUROSCI,BLDG 40,ROOM 3077,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD NOV 12 PY 1997 VL 338 IS 3 BP 289 EP 292 DI 10.1016/S0014-2999(97)81932-2 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA YJ789 UT WOS:A1997YJ78900010 PM 9424023 ER PT J AU Alperovich, VL Jaroshevich, AS Scheibler, HE Terekhov, AS Tober, RL AF Alperovich, VL Jaroshevich, AS Scheibler, HE Terekhov, AS Tober, RL TI Fourier transform analysis of electromodulation spectra: Effects of the modulation amplitude SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FRANZ-KELDYSH OSCILLATIONS; SURFACE FERMI LEVEL; DELTA-DOPED GAAS; PHOTOREFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; INTERFACES AB Fourier transform analysis of Franz-Keldysh oscillations is applied to electroreflectance spectra of GaAs p-i-n diode structures in order to elucidate the role of the modulation amplitude in electric-field-modulated spectroscopies. The effects of modulation amplitude are quantitatively evaluated by considering the imaginary and real parts of the complex Fourier transform in addition to its modulus. The experimentally measured electroreflectance spectra and their Fourier transforms are in good agreement with model calculations. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. [S0003-6951(97)01045-0]. C1 USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Alperovich, VL (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST SEMICOND PHYS,NOVOSIBIRSK 630090,RUSSIA. RI Alperovich, Vitaly/C-3049-2014 OI Alperovich, Vitaly/0000-0003-0069-1983 NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 10 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 19 BP 2788 EP 2790 DI 10.1063/1.120134 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YE753 UT WOS:A1997YE75300022 ER PT J AU Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Bennett, MJ Bennett, SJ Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, R DeCataldo, G Dee, P Diebold, GE Dover, CB Fachini, P Finch, LE George, NK Giglietto, N Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, RA Huang, HZ Kim, B Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Li, Q Libby, B Majka, RD Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, LA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Raino, A Reid, JD Rimai, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Spinelli, P Srivastava, BK Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS VanBuren, G Wilson, WK Wohn, FK Wolin, EJ Xu, Z Zhao, K AF Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Bennett, MJ Bennett, SJ Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, R DeCataldo, G Dee, P Diebold, GE Dover, CB Fachini, P Finch, LE George, NK Giglietto, N Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, RA Huang, HZ Kim, B Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Li, Q Libby, B Majka, RD Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, LA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Raino, A Reid, JD Rimai, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Spinelli, P Srivastava, BK Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS VanBuren, G Wilson, WK Wohn, FK Wolin, EJ Xu, Z Zhao, K TI Search for charged strange quark matter produced in 11.5A GeV/c Au+Pb collisions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; GLUON PLASMA; DROPLETS; SEPARATION; NUCLEATION; PARTICLES; DROPS AB We present results of a search for strange quark matter (strangelets) in 11.5A GeV/c Au + Pb collisions from the 1994 and 1995 runs of experiment E864 at Brookhaven's Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. We observe no strangelet candidates and set a 90% confidence level upper limit of approximately 3 X 10(-8) per 10% central interaction for the production of \Z\ = 1 and \Z\ = 2 strangelets over a large mass range and with metastable lifetimes of about 50 ns or more. These results place constraints primarily on quark-gluon plasma based production models for strangelets. [S0031-9007(97)04465-7]. C1 UNIV BARI,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,BARI,ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN. US MIL ACAD,W POINT,NY 10996. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48201. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. RI giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012 OI giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888 NR 30 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 10 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 19 BP 3612 EP 3616 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.3612 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA YF186 UT WOS:A1997YF18600017 ER PT J AU Soln, J AF Soln, J TI The helical Cerenkov effect with a non-mono-energetic electron beam SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION AB The helical Cerenkov effect results from the helical electron motion in a medium caused by a magnetic field B. For B values of up to 100 T in strength helical Cerenkov radiation occurs in the visible spectrum for which an analytical expression for the number of emitted photons per unit path length is derived. In general, however, for a non-mono-energetic beam at a fixed radiation angle and a fixed arbitrary frequency, one may have simultaneous contributions from the helical Cerenkov effect and radiation occurring below and above the threshold of the helical Cerenkov effect with the fundamental frequencies and their harmonics. When B increases we come to the asymptotic regions where the number of harmonics on both sides of the threshold first decreases towards the respective fundamental frequencies and, eventually, disappears altogether. Also, a general asymptotic limit, in which there is no radiation below and above the threshold of the helical Cerenkov effect and only the helical Cerenkov effect remains at any angle of radiation and for any medium, we argue, should occur at about B congruent to 10(5) T for the visible spectrum. RP Soln, J (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6BE SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD NOV 7 PY 1997 VL 30 IS 21 BP 2936 EP 2945 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/30/21/006 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YG244 UT WOS:A1997YG24400006 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Farb, A Ferguson, M Virmani, R AF Taylor, AJ Farb, A Ferguson, M Virmani, R TI Myocardial infarction associated with physical exertion in a young man SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cardiology-Service Conference on Cardiovascular Pathology CY FEB 22, 1997 CL WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER, WASHINGTON, DC SP USA, Cardiol Serv HO WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER ID CORONARY-ARTERY-SURGERY; CHEST TRAUMA; RISK-FACTORS; ADULTS; DEATH C1 ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DIV CARDIOVASC,DEPT CARDIOVASC PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,SERV CARDIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 4 PY 1997 VL 96 IS 9 BP 3201 EP 3204 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA YF295 UT WOS:A1997YF29500065 PM 9386193 ER PT J AU Thaik, M Hommerich, U Schwartz, RN Wilson, RG Zavada, JM AF Thaik, M Hommerich, U Schwartz, RN Wilson, RG Zavada, JM TI Photoluminescence spectroscopy of erbium implanted gallium nitride SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LUMINESCENCE; GAN; SEMICONDUCTORS; ALN AB Results of a photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) study of Er implanted GaN are presented. Upon optical excitation at 325 and 488 nm, we observed strong 1.54 mu m Er3+ PL which remained temperature stable from 15 to 550 K. At 550 K, the integrated PL intensity decreased by similar to 10% for above gap excitation (lambda(ex) = 325 nm) and similar to 50% for below gap excitation (lambda(ex) = 488 nm) relative to its value at 15 K. The excellent temperature stability makes GaN:Er very attractive for high temperature optoelectronic device applications. PLE measurements were conducted to gain insight into the Er3+ excitation mechanisms in the GaN host. The PLE results show that Er3+ be excited continuously over a broad wavelength region spanning from 425 to 680 nm. In addition, sharp PLE features were observed at approximately 495, 525, 553, 651, and 980 nm. The PLE spectrum suggests that optically active Er3+ ions can be excited either through carrier-mediated processes involving defects in the host or through resonant pumping into Er3+ 4f energy levels. With respect to these two excitation schemes, distinct Er3+ PL properties were observed for resonant and off-resonant Er3+ excitation indicating the presence of different subsets of Er3+ ions in GaN. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 HAMPTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RES CTR OPT PHYS,HAMPTON,VA 23668. HUGHES RES LABS,MALIBU,CA 90265. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NR 15 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD NOV 3 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 18 BP 2641 EP 2643 DI 10.1063/1.120165 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YE507 UT WOS:A1997YE50700029 ER PT J AU OMalley, PG Omori, DM Landry, FJ Jackson, J Kroenke, K AF OMalley, PG Omori, DM Landry, FJ Jackson, J Kroenke, K TI A prospective study to assess the effect of ambulatory teaching on patient satisfaction SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Purpose. To assess the effect of ambulatory teaching on patients' satisfaction. Method. In 1996, 103 adult patients presenting to the Walter Reed General Medicine Walk-in Clinic completed a patient-satisfaction questionnaire immediately following their visits, during which they were initially seen by a trainee (third-year medical student or intern) and then seen by a faculty preceptor. The questionnaire included five items from the validated Medical Outcomes Study (MOS)-9 questionnaire as well as two open-ended questions. Fourteen staff physicians, 13 students (49% of the visits), and 11 interns (51% of the visits) participated in the study. Satisfaction was analyzed by level of training, and the responses from the study patients were compared with the responses from 372 usual-care (i.e., non-teaching) patients from the same clinic, using the chi-squared test. Results. The study patients were typically pleased with their encounters, rating their overall satisfaction as excellent (61%), very good (29%), or good (9%). Nearly two thirds of the patients rated their satisfaction with waiting time to be very good or excellent. Compared with the usual-care patients, the study patients reported equal or greater satisfaction for all five MOS-9 items. Ninety-live percent of the study patients said they would be willing to be seen by a trainee-staff team on future visits. There was no difference in patient satisfaction by trainee level. The study patients cited enhanced interaction (45%), enhanced education (34%), and improved care (26%) as benefits of trainee-involved care, and increased waiting time (18%) and worse care (5%) as drawbacks. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that ambulatory teaching does not adversely affect patient satisfaction, regardless of trainee level, and that patients who have been seen by trainee-staff teams are willing to experience such encounters again. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV VERMONT,COLL MED,DEPT MED,BURLINGTON,VT 05405. RP OMalley, PG (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,EDP,F EDWARD HEBERT SCH MED,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 7 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 72 IS 11 BP 1015 EP 1017 DI 10.1097/00001888-199711000-00023 PG 3 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA YG464 UT WOS:A1997YG46400025 PM 9387829 ER PT J AU Salzman, KL Lillegard, WA Butcher, JD AF Salzman, KL Lillegard, WA Butcher, JD TI Upper extremity bursitis SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID SEPTIC BURSITIS; OLECRANON BURSITIS; ASSOCIATION; SHOULDER AB Upper extremity bursae are injured through a number of processes, including overuse, hemorrhage, crystal deposition, autoimmune diseases and infection. These injuries may be disabling and can pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the clinician. Treatment of the most common forms is directed at pain management and functional rehabilitation through a structured exercise program. Early recognition of infectious bursitis, followed by appropriate surgical and antibiotic treatment, is critical to prevent severe sequelae in these cases. This article reviews the pathophysiology, evaluation and treatment of the three most commonly involved upper extremity bursae: the subacromial, the olecranon and the subscapular bursae. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96859. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD NOV 1 PY 1997 VL 56 IS 7 BP 1797 EP 1806 PG 10 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YF885 UT WOS:A1997YF88500014 PM 9371010 ER PT J AU Kroenke, K Jackson, JL Chamberlin, J AF Kroenke, K Jackson, JL Chamberlin, J TI Depressive and anxiety disorders in patients presenting with physical complaints: Clinical predictors and outcome SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL SOMATIC SYMPTOMS; PRIMARY-CARE; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; MEDICAL UTILIZATION; MENTAL-DISORDERS; HEALTH-CARE; SOMATIZATION; PREVALENCE; POPULATION; DISTRESS AB PURPOSE: TO identify the predictors of depressive and anxiety disorders in general medical patients presenting with physical complaints and to determine the effect of these mental disorders on patient outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this cohort study, 500 adults presenting to a general medicine clinic with a chief complaint of a physical symptom were interviewed with PRIME-MD to diagnose DSM-IV depressive and anxiety disorders. Clinical predictors were identified by logistic regression analysis. Outcomes were assessed immediately postvisit and at 2 weeks and 3 months. These included symptomatic improvement, functional status, unmet expectations, satisfaction with care, clinician-perceived patient difficulty, and health care utilization and costs. RESULTS: A depressive or anxiety disorder was present in 146 (29%) of the patients. Independent predictors of a mental disorder included recent stress, multiple physical symptoms (ie, 6 or more), higher patient ratings of symptom severity, lower patient ratings of their overall health, physician perception of the encounter as difficult, and patient age less than 50. Patients with depressive or anxiety disorders were more likely to have unmet expectations postvisit (20% versus 8%, P < 0.001), be considered difficult (26% versus 11%, P < 0.0001), and report persistent psychiatric symptoms and ongoing stress even 3 months following the initial visit. Psychiatric status was not associated with symptomatic improvement, health care utilization, or costs. CONCLUSION: Simple clinical clues in patients with physical complaints identify a subgroup who may warrant further evaluation for a depressive or anxiety disorder. Such disorders are associated with unmet patient expectations and increased provider frustration. (C) 1997 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PREVENT MED & BIOMETR,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Kroenke, K (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,REGENSTRIEF INST HLTH CARE,RG-6,1001 W 10TH ST,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202, USA. NR 54 TC 165 Z9 166 U1 0 U2 11 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 103 IS 5 BP 339 EP 347 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(97)00241-6 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YF685 UT WOS:A1997YF68500002 PM 9375700 ER PT J AU Peters, RD Pritchett, T AF Peters, RD Pritchett, T TI The not-so-simple harmonic oscillator SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PENDULUM AB A model inspired by the behavior of a simple harmonic oscillator subject to dry sliding friction is applied to the damping of a variety of mechanical oscillators. In contrast to the conventional model of damping in mechanical systems, the new model predicts a logarithmic decrement of the motion which is quadratic in the period. This prediction agrees well with the observed period dependence of the long-period physical pendulum which was the primary focus of this investigation. (C) 1997 American Association of Physics Teachers. C1 US MIL ACAD,PHOTON RES CTR,W POINT,NY 10996. RP Peters, RD (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT PHYS,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 65 IS 11 BP 1067 EP 1073 DI 10.1119/1.18722 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA YD650 UT WOS:A1997YD65000010 ER PT J AU Janoff, EN Hayakawa, H Taylor, DN Fasching, CE Kenner, JR Jaimes, E Raij, L AF Janoff, EN Hayakawa, H Taylor, DN Fasching, CE Kenner, JR Jaimes, E Raij, L TI Nitric oxide production during Vibrio cholerae infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epithelial cells; mucosal response to infection; innate intestinal immunity ID NEURONAL NADPH DIAPHORASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; SYNTHASE ACTIVITY; CROHNS-DISEASE; MUSCLE-CELLS; RELEASE; CYTOTOXICITY; PLEXUS; AGENTS; TOXIN AB Vibrio cholerae induces massive intestinal fluid secretion that continues for the life of the stimulated epithelial cells. Enhanced regional blood flow and peristalsis are required to adapt to this obligatory intestinal secretory challenge. Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional molecule that modulates blood flow and peristalsis and possesses both cytotoxic and antibacterial activity. We demonstrate that, compared with those in asymptomatic control subjects, levels of stable NO metabolites (NO2-/NO3-) are significantly increased in sera from acutely iu Peruvian patients with natural cholera infection as well as from symptomatic volunteers from the United States infected experimentally with V. cholerae. In a rabbit ileal loop model in vivo, cholera toxin (CT) elicited fluid secretion and dose-dependent increases in levels of NO2-/NO3- in the fluid (P < 0.01). In contrast, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) elicited no such effects when applied to the intact mucosa. NO synthase (NOS) catalytic activity also increased in toxin-exposed tissues (P < 0.05), predominantly in epithelial cells. The CT-induced NOS activity was Ca2+ dependent and was not suppressed by dexamethasone. In conclusion, symptomatic V. cholerae infection induces NO production in humans. In the related animal model, CT, but not LPS, stimulated significant production of NO in association with increases in local Ca2+-dependent NOS activity in the tissues. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, SCH MED,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED, INFECT DIS SECT, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55417 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, SCH MED,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,NEPHROL SECT, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55417 USA. USN, MED RES INST DETACHMENT, UNIT 3800, APO, AA 34031 USA. USA, MED RES INST INFECT DIS, FT DETRICK, MD 20307 USA. NR 40 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 273 IS 5 BP G1160 EP G1167 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA YF884 UT WOS:A1997YF88400024 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, LL Maupin, GO Ksiazek, TG Rollin, PE Khan, AS Schwarz, TF Lofts, RS Smith, JF Noor, AM Peters, CJ Nichol, ST AF Rodriguez, LL Maupin, GO Ksiazek, TG Rollin, PE Khan, AS Schwarz, TF Lofts, RS Smith, JF Noor, AM Peters, CJ Nichol, ST TI Molecular investigation of a multisource outbreak of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in the United Arab Emirates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK; VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; ANTIBODIES; DIAGNOSIS; SENEGAL; AFRICA; TICKS; OMAN AB During the investigation of an outbreak of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) between 1994 and 1995, blood samples from suspected CCHF cases and ticks collected from livestock were tested for CCHF virus by antigen-capture ELISA and by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analysis of partial small (S) segment nucleotide sequences from four ticks and five human samples showed that with one exception, all the human and tick viruses clustered along with samples from Pakistan and Madagascar in one distinct lineage. Within this lineage, sequences from the UAE patients were identical or closely related to those from three Hyalomma spp. ticks obtained from livestock recently imported from Somalia. Another sequence from a UAE patient was more closely related to a CCHF virus from Nigeria. These data indicate that the 1994-1995 CCHF epidemic in the UAE was a multisource outbreak possibly associated with importation of CCHF virus-infected livestock and ticks. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, DIV VECTOR BORNE INFECT DIS, FT COLLINS, CO 80522 USA. USA, MED RES INST INFECT DIS, FT DETRICK, MD 21702 USA. MINIST HLTH, DEPT DIS PREVENT & CONTROL, ABU DHABI, U ARAB EMIRATES. RP Rodriguez, LL (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, NATL CTR INFECT DIS, SPECIAL PATHOGENS BRANCH, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA. NR 24 TC 90 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 57 IS 5 BP 512 EP 518 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA YH442 UT WOS:A1997YH44200003 PM 9392588 ER PT J AU Corwin, AL Soeprapto, W Widodo, PS Rahardjo, E Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Olson, JG Sie, A Larasati, RP Richards, AL AF Corwin, AL Soeprapto, W Widodo, PS Rahardjo, E Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Olson, JG Sie, A Larasati, RP Richards, AL TI Short report: Surveillance of rickettsial infections in Indonesian military personnel during peace keeping operations in Cambodia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SCRUB TYPHUS; SOUTH-VIETNAM; POPULATION; THAILAND AB Indonesian peacekeepers in Cambodia provided a unique study population to estimate the threat of rickettsial exposure to Rickettsia typhi (murine typhus), Orientia tsutsugamushi, (scrub typhus), and R. conorii (spotted fever) for the region. Prescreening prevalence measure showed a large proportion (36%) of soldiers with antibodies to R. typhi. Predeployment prevalence for antibodies to O. tsutsugamushi was 8%, with no evidence of background R. conorii infections. Actual seroconversions of R. typhi (3) and O. tsutsugamushi (1), attributed to exposure(s) in Cambodia, translated into annualized incidence rates of 24 and 8 per 1,000 per year, respectively. Surveillance of rickettsial infections and/or disease is particularly warranted in Cambodia with recent recognition of drug-resistant scrub typhus in neighboring Thailand. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 2,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. GATOT SUBROTO ARMY HOSP,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. DIRECTORATE HLTH,JAKARTA,INDONESIA. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 57 IS 5 BP 569 EP 570 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA YH442 UT WOS:A1997YH44200012 PM 9392597 ER PT J AU Harris, JM North, JH Hamelink, JK AF Harris, JM North, JH Hamelink, JK TI The utility of ultrasonography in the evaluation of groin masses: A case report SO AMERICAN SURGEON LA English DT Article ID SYNOVIAL CYST; HIP AB Surgeons are often faced with the evaluation and management of groin masses. In most cases, an accurate history and physical examination will establish a diagnosis. Ultrasonography is being increasingly used in the evaluation of surgical problems. A case is presented in which bedside ultrasound was utilized in the evaluation of a large, symptomatic left inguinal mass found to be a synovial cyst on exploration. The differential diagnosis of cystic groin lesions and the impact of ultrasonography on diagnosis is reviewed with emphasis on synovial cysts. Surgeon-directed ultrasonography is an asset in the diagnosis of some patients with groin masses and may assist in the identification of those lesions requiring prompt operative intervention. C1 EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,FT GORDON,GA 30905. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHEASTERN SURGICAL CONGRESS PI ATLANTA PA 1776 PEACHTREE RD, NW., SUITE 410N, ATLANTA, GA 30309-2352 SN 0003-1348 J9 AM SURGEON JI Am. Surg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 63 IS 11 BP 1002 EP 1004 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA YD874 UT WOS:A1997YD87400016 PM 9358790 ER PT J AU Brown, RS Thwaites, BK Mongan, PD AF Brown, RS Thwaites, BK Mongan, PD TI Tranexamic acid is effective in decreasing postoperative bleeding and transfusions in primary coronary artery bypass operations: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID INDUCED PLATELET ACTIVATION; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; BLOOD-LOSS; CARDIAC-SURGERY; APROTININ; PLASMIN; DESMOPRESSIN; HEMOSTASIS; MECHANISM; RECEPTORS AB We evaluated the effects of tranexamic acid (TA) administered before and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of adult patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Patients received placebo (n = 30) or TA 15 mg/kg before CPB, followed by a TA infusion of 1 mg . kg(-1) . h(-1) for 5 h (n = 30) or TA 15 mg/kg after CPB, followed by a TA infusion of 1 mg . kg(-1) . h(-1) for 5 h (n = 30). Demographic, medical, surgical, laboratory, mediastinal chest tube drainage (MCTD), hemoglobin loss, transfusion, and outcome data were collected. Allogenic blood product administration was tightly controlled. The demographic, medical, and surgical characteristics were similar in all three groups. The median postoperative MCTD and hemoglobin loss in the pre-CPB TA group (710 mL, 8.6 g) was significantly less (P < 0.001) compared with the control (1202 mL, 44.2 g) and post-CPB TA groups (1020 mL, 23.4 g). The percentage of patients who received no allogenic blood products was 27% for the pre-CPB TA group and 33% for the post-CPB TA group (not significant). These percentages were significantly lower than those in the placebo group (66%, P < 0.001). The median number of allogenic blood products administered to the pre-CPB TA group (0 units) was significantly less compared with the control group (4.5 units). The thromboelastogram and fibrinogen split product levels in the pre-CPB TA group indicated better platelet function and less activation of the fibrinolytic system compared with the other two groups (P < 0.05). There were no intergroup differences in reoperation, myocardial infarction, stroke, infections, or death. These data support the use of pre-CPB TA to decrease patient exposure to postcardiopulmonary bypass allogenic blood products. Implications: In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we investigated the efficacy of tranexamic acid to decrease bleeding and blood transfusions after open-heart operations. Tranexamic acid administered before and during the operation was effective in decreasing both bleeding and transfusions. When tranexamic acid was administered immediately after the operation, it had a minor beneficial effect. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,ANESTHESIA & OPERAT SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 28 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 85 IS 5 BP 963 EP 970 DI 10.1097/00000539-199711000-00003 PG 8 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA YD313 UT WOS:A1997YD31300003 PM 9356085 ER PT J AU Wilde, JL English, JC Finley, EM AF Wilde, JL English, JC Finley, EM TI Minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation Treatment with the neodymium:YAG laser SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SWITCHED RUBY-LASER; ALUMINUM-GARNET LASER; CUTANEOUS HYPERPIGMENTATION; INDUCED PIGMENTATION; DOSE-RESPONSE; LESIONS; SKIN; MICROSCOPY C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, LACKLAND AFB, TX 78236 USA. RP BROOKE ARMY MED CTR, FT SAM HOUSTON, TX 78234 USA. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0003-987X EI 1538-3652 J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 133 IS 11 BP 1344 EP 1346 DI 10.1001/archderm.133.11.1344 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA YF121 UT WOS:A1997YF12100001 PM 9371014 ER PT J AU Lavery, LA Vela, SA Lavery, DC Quebedeaux, TL AF Lavery, LA Vela, SA Lavery, DC Quebedeaux, TL TI Total contact casts: Pressure reduction at ulcer sites and the effect on the contralateral foot SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID PLANTAR PRESSURES; ULCERATIONS AB Objective: To compare the effectiveness of total contact casts with a cast boot (TCCB), total contact casts with a cast heel (TCCH) and therapeutic XtraDepth(R) shoes (XDS) to reduce ulcer site pressures and to determine if total contact casts increase contralateral pressures. Design: Repeat measure design with 40 replications nested within each treatment for each patient. Methods: Peak contralateral foot pressures and ulcer site pressures under the 1st metatarsal (1MET; n = 10), 2nd to 5th metatarsals (2-5MET; n = 10), and great toe (GT; n = 5) were compared using the Novel-Pedar system and three treatments: TCCB, TCCH, and XDS. Baseline pressures were established using canvas oxfords. Results: There was no difference in pressure reduction with TCCH vs. TCCB for 1MET or GT ulcers, but TCCH reduced pressure better for 2-5MET ulcers (p < .001). Contralateral pressures were not elevated in either TCC group. Conclusions: TCCH were superior to TCCB in reducing 2-5MET ulcer pressures and equivalent to TCCB for 1MET and GT ulcers. Contralateral pressures are not increased by TCC use. (C) 1997 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 US MIL ACAD,DEPT MATH SCI,W POINT,NY 10996. RP Lavery, LA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 24 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 78 IS 11 BP 1268 EP 1271 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(97)90342-7 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA YE945 UT WOS:A1997YE94500017 PM 9365359 ER PT J AU Amoroso, PJ Bell, NS Jones, BH AF Amoroso, PJ Bell, NS Jones, BH TI Injury among female and male army parachutists SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LANDING INJURIES; SPORTS AB Background While military parachuting injuries have been well studied, the relationship between gender and risk of injury has not. Injuries among women may be different due to anatomic and physiologic differences, or due to exposure to different jump conditions. Training methods and equipment developed for men may not be as effective in preventing injuries among women. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the nature and distribution of parachute injuries will vary by gender. Methods: This descriptive retrospective study used 10 yr of parachute injury data reported to the U.S. Army Safety Center at Fort Rucker, AL, and exposure data obtained from the Defense Manpower Data Center, Monterey, CA. Results: Women appear to jump under less hazardous conditions (jump more often than men in daylight and in static-line, non-tactical environments), yet appear to be at greater risk of serious injury, particularly lower extremity fractures. Injured male parachutists are more likely to experience upper extremity injury. Women's injuries are more likely to be the result of an improper parachute landing fall or parachute malfunction, while men are more likely to be injured due to ground hazards. Conclusions: There are some provocative gender differences in patterns of injury. Further research is indicated starting with a comprehensive, prospective study, controlling for physical fitness and exposure differences, as well as for potential reporting bias, in order to better understand the apparent differences in reported injuries. C1 USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,NATICK,MA 01760. SOCIAL SECTORS DEV STRATEGT INC,NATICK,MA. USA,CTR HLTH PROMOT & PREVENT MED,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD. NR 29 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 3 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 68 IS 11 BP 1006 EP 1011 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA YE737 UT WOS:A1997YE73700004 PM 9383500 ER PT J AU Gabaree, CLV Mair, BS Kolka, MA Stephenson, LA AF Gabaree, CLV Mair, BS Kolka, MA Stephenson, LA TI Effects of topical skin protectant on heat exchange in humans SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Background: The application of a Topical Skin Protectant (TSP) under chemical protective clothing may impair heat exchange and/or decrease tolerance time during exercise. Hypothesis: The extent to which TSP might act as a barrier to heat transfer was unknown. Since TSP may be permeable to water vapor, we hypothesized that there would be no significant differences between treatments on variables effecting heat exchange. Methods: There were 10 subjects who walked (3.5 mph, 3% grade) until volitional exhaustion in an environmental chamber (TA = 36.0 +/- 0.5 degrees C; TDP = 27.0 +/- 1.0 degrees C) in two conditions: no TSP application (CON) and TSP application (TSP). TSP was applied to 21% of body surface area on six specific areas. Esophageal temperature, skin temperature (8 sites), heart rate, and pre-and post-experimental weights were measured. Mean skin temperature, mean body temperature, changes in esophageal temperature per min of exercise, evaporative heat loss, and sweating rate were calculated. Results: There was no effect (p < 0.05) of TSP on esophageal temperature, mean skin temperature, heart rate, tolerance time (CON:139.3 +/- 32.5 vs. TSP:132.3 +/- 37.0 min), sweating rate (CON: 9.5 +/- 1.9 vs. TSP: 9.4 +/- 3.03 g.min(-1)) and evaporative heat loss (CON:200.9 +/- 31.6 vs. TSP:215.9 +/- 25.9 W . m(-2)). The change in TES per min of exercise averaged 0.014 +/- 0.003 degrees C during TSP and 0.012 +/- 0.003 degrees C during CON, and was higher (p = 0.024) in TSP. At this rate, the difference between treatments for 4 h would be 0.48 degrees C. There were no adverse local or systemic reactions to TSP application. Conclusions: TSP application minimally affected heat exchange under the conditions of this study. RP Gabaree, CLV (reprint author), USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,THERMAL & MT MED DIV,KANSAS ST,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 68 IS 11 BP 1019 EP 1024 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA YE737 UT WOS:A1997YE73700006 PM 9383502 ER PT J AU Claybaugh, JR Freund, BJ Luther, G Muller, K Bennett, PB AF Claybaugh, JR Freund, BJ Luther, G Muller, K Bennett, PB TI Renal and hormonal responses to exercise in man at 46 and 37 atmospheres absolute pressure SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DRY SATURATION DIVE; PLASMA-VOLUME; DIURESIS; VASOPRESSIN; HUMANS; 31-ATA; ATA AB Background: Exercise increases plasma arginine-vasopressin (PAVP), plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (PANP), plasma renin activity (PRA), and plasma aldosterone (PALDO) in an intensity-dependent manner. With acute exercise, urine osmolality (UOSM) is often decreased despite increased PAVP. The hyperbaric environment lowers PAVP and UOSM, and increases urine flow. Hypothesis: If work produced similar renal effects at hyperbaria, greater than normal dehydration could result from larger free water losses. Methods: To test this hypothesis, hormonal and renal responses were assessed during exercise at 80% of maximum heart rate at 46 atmospheres absolute (atm abs) in 3 males, and during maximum exercise at 37 atm abs in 4 males. Results: This maximum exercise was performed at the highest pressure thus far reported and revealed no loss in peak power output. Maximum O-2 consumption and heart rate were only slightly reduced, 9.5% and 7% respectively, despite a 41% reduction in maximum minute ventilation. Basal levels and the changes resulting from maximum exercise in PRA and PALDO were unaffected by pressure, but basal and exercise-stimulated levels of PANP and PAVP were reduced compared with 1.5 aim abs control values. UOSM was not significantly affected during maximal exercise at sea level, but during maximum exercise at 37 atm abs and submaximum exercise at 46 atm abs UOSM increased over 300 mosm.kg(-1) and 180 mosm.kg(-1), respectively. Conclusion: Contrary to the hypothesis, UOSM was increased by about 200 mosm.kg(-1) by both exercise protocols during hyperbaric exposure and free water was conserved. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,TRIPLE AMC,HI 96859. USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,DIV THERMAL RES,NATICK,MA 01760. GKSS FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM GEESTHACHT GMBH,INST ANLAGENTECH,D-2054 GEESTHACHT,GERMANY. INST AEROSP MED,COLOGNE,GERMANY. DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,HYPERBAR CTR,DURHAM,NC. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 68 IS 11 BP 1038 EP 1045 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA YE737 UT WOS:A1997YE73700010 PM 9383506 ER PT J AU Weetall, HH Druzhko, AB Samuelson, LA de Lera, AR Alvarez, R AF Weetall, HH Druzhko, AB Samuelson, LA de Lera, AR Alvarez, R TI Optical and electrical properties of bacteriorhodopsin Langmuir-Blodgett films: II. D96N mutant and its 4-keto and 9-demethyl retinal analogs SO BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY AND BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Article DE Langmuir-Blodgett films; bacteriorhodopsin; purple membranes; photocurrents ID PROTON AB Langmuir-Blodgett films prepared from purple membranes of the D96N mutant and two of its chromophore analogs (4-keto-retinal and 9-demethyl-retinal) were characterized for M-state kinetics and photocurrent production. These studies indicated that unlike the wild-type (WT) and its identical chromophore analogs, the photocurrent transients were unusual, showing proton release at pH 3.0. Several possible explanations for these results are considered. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biotechnol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Div Biotechnol, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Virgo, Fac Ciencias, Dept Quim Pura & Aplicada, Virgo 36200, Spain. RP Weetall, HH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biotechnol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. OI Rodriguez de Lera, Angel/0000-0001-6896-9078 NR 18 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-4598 J9 BIOELECTROCH BIOENER JI Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 44 IS 1 BP 37 EP 43 DI 10.1016/S0302-4598(97)00069-X PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA YR528 UT WOS:000071504300005 ER PT J AU Cardello, AV AF Cardello, AV TI The end of sensory science? SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article C1 USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cardello, AV (reprint author), USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 42 IS 11 BP 915 EP 918 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA YM324 UT WOS:000071052200008 ER PT J AU Famini, GR Wilson, LY AF Famini, GR Wilson, LY TI Using theoretical descriptors in quantitative structure activity relationships: Application to partition properties of alkyl (1-phenylsulfonyl)cycloalkane-carboxylates SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID SOLVATION ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS; SOLVATOCHROMIC PARAMETERS; SOLUBILITY; TOXICITY AB The widespread application of computational techniques to studies in biology, chemistry and environmental sciences has led to a quest for important, characteristic molecular parameters that may be directly derived from these computational methods. Theoretical linear solvation energy relationships (TLSER) combine computational molecular orbital parameters with the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) of Kamlet and Taft to characterize, understand, and predict biological, chemical, and physical properties of chemical compounds. This paper describes the derivation of TLSERs for three properties, octanol/water partition coefficient, water solubility, and soil adsorption coefficient, for a series of 28 alkyl (1-phenylsulfonyl) cycloalkane-carboxylates. TLSER molecular parameters obtained with both the MNDO and AM1 Hamiltonians are compared; furthermore, these are compared with TLSER descriptors recently proposed by other researchers. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 LA SIERRA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,RIVERSIDE,CA 92515. RP Famini, GR (reprint author), USA,CTR DEV & ENGN,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 39 TC 29 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD NOV PY 1997 VL 35 IS 10 BP 2417 EP 2447 DI 10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00287-7 PG 31 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA YF273 UT WOS:A1997YF27300027 ER PT J AU Smith, ED Zaghloul, H Arnold, JI Kanaras, L AF Smith, ED Zaghloul, H Arnold, JI Kanaras, L TI All fired up SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Plasma arc technology, which generates intense heat to vitrify waste material, can provide a viable waste reduction alternative to standard incineration or landfilling. C1 USA,CTR ENVIRONM,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD. RP Smith, ED (reprint author), USA,CONSTRUCT ENGN RES LABS,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61824, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 67 IS 11 BP 34 EP 37 PG 4 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA YE293 UT WOS:A1997YE29300032 ER PT J AU Liossis, SNC Vassilopoulos, D Kovacs, B Tsokos, GC AF Liossis, SNC Vassilopoulos, D Kovacs, B Tsokos, GC TI Immune cell biochemical abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE SLE; T cells; B cells; signal transduction ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; T-CELLS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; AUTOANTIBODY PRODUCTION; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; DNA METHYLATION; CD40 LIGAND; LYMPHOCYTES; PROTEIN; ACTIVATION AB Novel data have emerged which attempt to characterize the biochemical abnormalities that are exhibited by lupus immune cells. Lupus lymphocytes display abnormal antigen-receptor-mediated signaling, consisting of increased Ca2+ mobilization and increased protein tyrosyl phosphorylation that are independent of disease activity. Abnormalities in the expression and function of co-stimulatory molecules (B7-CD28 and CD40-CD40L) have been established. Transcription of cytokine genes and the methylation of DNA which affects multiple genes are also abnormal. Finally, aberrations of the apoptosis of lupus immune cells are contributors to the pathogenesis of the disease. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL & IMMUNOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY PI PISA PA VIA SANTA MARIA 31, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 0392-856X J9 CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL JI Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 15 IS 6 BP 677 EP 684 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA YF741 UT WOS:A1997YF74100015 PM 9444427 ER PT J AU Taylor, DN Sanchez, JL Smoak, BL DeFraites, R AF Taylor, DN Sanchez, JL Smoak, BL DeFraites, R TI Helicobacter pylori infection in Desert Storm troops SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Helicobacter pylori Infections in the Developing World CY JAN 28-31, 1996 CL UNIV PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA, LIMA, PERU HO UNIV PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA ID GASTRIC-CARCINOMA; RISK; COHORT; SHIELD AB To determine whether military personnel deployed outside the United States are at increased risk of Helicobacter pylori infection, we evaluated U.S. Army personnel who served in the Persian Gulf from August 1990 to April 1991, Of 204 subjects from whom paired predeployment and postdeployment serum specimens were obtained, 76 (37%) were seropositive for IgG antibody to H. pylori before deployment by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Of the 111 initially seronegative subjects evaluated before and after a 7.5-month deployment, five (4.5%) seroconverted. The calculated annual seroconversion rate was 7.3%. In a postdeployment questionnaire, 62% df soldiers reported an episode of diarrhea while deployed, but there was not an increased rate of diarrhea or upper gastrointestinal symptoms in soldiers who were infected before deployment or in those who seroconverted, These data suggest that the risk of H. pylori infection increases during long-term deployment and that acute infection is not distinguishable from other gastrointestinal illnesses encountered during deployment. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PREVENT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Taylor, DN (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 25 IS 5 BP 979 EP 982 DI 10.1086/516074 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA YG890 UT WOS:A1997YG89000004 PM 9402341 ER PT J AU Krishnamurti, C Carter, AJ Maglasang, P Hess, JR Cutting, MA Alving, BM AF Krishnamurti, C Carter, AJ Maglasang, P Hess, JR Cutting, MA Alving, BM TI Cardiovascular toxicity of human cross-linked hemoglobin in a rabbit endotoxemia model SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE endotoxin; lipopolysaccharide; septic; cross-linked hemoglobin; animal model; blood substitutes; nitric oxide inhibitors; toxicity, cardiovascular ID NITRIC-OXIDE; BLOOD SUBSTITUTES; SHOCK; ENDOTHELIN; DEPOSITION; PRESSURE; OUTPUT; RATS AB Objective: To determine the possible adverse effects of human cross-linked hemoglobin in endotoxemia. Design: Prospective, controlled, laboratory trial. Setting: Animal research laboratory. Subjects: New Zealand white rabbits. Interventions: Conscious rabbits received intravenous infusions of either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone (10 mu g/kg, Escherichia coli 0111:84), human hemoglobin cross linked between the alpha chains (alpha alpha Hb, 0.7 g/kg), or both LPS and alpha alpha Hb. The cardiovascular effects of alpha alpha Hb and LPS as single agents or administered together were then studied in anesthetized rabbits. Measurements and Main Results: Mortality in conscious animals that received alpha alpha Hb followed by LPS 4 hrs later (n = 5), or LPS and alpha alpha Hb at the same time (n = 6) was 60% and 67%, respectively. In anesthetized animals, infusion of both LPS and alpha alpha Hb (n = 6) resulted in hypoxia, lactic acidosis, ventricular arrhythmias, and decreased myocardial contractility and left ventricular pressure. In contrast, anesthetized rabbits that received alpha alpha Hb (n = 5) or LPS (n = 5) alone did not develop hypoxia, acidosis, alteration in myocardial contractility, or arrhythmias. Furthermore, death did not occur in any of the conscious animals that received either LPS (n = 7) or alpha alpha Hb (n = 4) as single agents. Conclusions: In an animal model of nonlethal endotoxemia, infusion of alpha alpha Hb significantly increases mortality. Our data suggest that mortality may be due to the acute increased cardiopul monary toxicity of alpha alpha Hb in animals with underlying endotoxemia. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, BLOOD RES DETACHMENT, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP Krishnamurti, C (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 EI 1530-0293 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1874 EP 1880 DI 10.1097/00003246-199711000-00028 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA YF164 UT WOS:A1997YF16400029 PM 9366773 ER PT J AU Lavery, LA Vela, SA Fleischli, JG Armstrong, DG Lavery, DC AF Lavery, LA Vela, SA Fleischli, JG Armstrong, DG Lavery, DC TI Reducing plantar pressure in the neuropathic foot - A comparison of footwear SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID DIABETIC NEUROPATHY; PREVENTION; ULCERATION; LOCATION; MELLITUS; ULCERS; SHOES AB OBJECTIVE - To compare the effectiveness of therapeutic, comfort, and athletic shoes with and without viscoelastic insoles. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We compared pressure reduction at ulcer sites under the hallux (n = 10), first metatarsal (n = 10), and lesser metatarsals (n = 12), using extra-depth, athletic, and comfort shoes with and without viscoelastic insoles. A rubber-soled canvas oxford was used to establish baseline pressure values. RESULTS - When used in conjunction with a viscoelastic insole, all shoe types reduced mean peak plantar pressure better than their non-insoled counterparts (P < 0.05). Consistently, comfort shoes reduced pressure significantly better than both the cross trainers and extra-depth shoes for ulcers under the first and lesser metatarsals (P < 0.05). For each shoe type, the addition of the viscoelastic insole provided a significant reduction in mean peak pressure (P < 0.05). Compared with stock insoles, viscoelastic insoles reduced pressures an additional 5.4-Z0.1% at ulcer sites. The same trend was also observed at regions of the foot not associated with an ulceration. CONCLUSIONS - When used in conjunction with a viscoelastic insole, both the comfort and athletic cross-trainer shoes studied were as, if not more, effective than commonly prescribed therapeutic shoes in reducing mean peak first and lesser metatarsal pressures. Furthermore, comfort shoes were as effective as therapeutic shoes in reducing pressure under the great toe. Both of these shoe types may be viable options to prevent the development or recurrence of foot ulcers. C1 MEXICAN AMER MED TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS RES CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. US MIL ACAD,DEPT MATH SCI,W POINT,NY 10996. RP Lavery, LA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT ORTHOPED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 21 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD NOV PY 1997 VL 20 IS 11 BP 1706 EP 1710 DI 10.2337/diacare.20.11.1706 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA YC343 UT WOS:A1997YC34300017 PM 9353613 ER PT J AU Dinauer, CA Patel, A McClellan, DR Salata, K Francis, GL AF Dinauer, CA Patel, A McClellan, DR Salata, K Francis, GL TI The ceramide pathway increases cholesterol mobilization and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA SO ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID CULTURED GRANULOSA-CELLS; PRETERM LABOR; NEUTRAL SPHINGOMYELINASE; CORPORA-LUTEA; INTERLEUKIN-6; INFECTION; RAT; PROSTAGLANDINS; BIOSYNTHESIS; PARTURITION AB Cytokines affect placental steroid production and may have an important role during labor. An important part of cytokine signal transduction appears to be the activation of sphingomyelinase (SMase), which hydrolyses membrane sphingomyelin (SM) and releases the lipid mediator ceramide (CER). During steroidogenesis, cholesterol is transported into the mitochondria by a process regulated by steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and possibly sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2). There, cholesterol is hydrolysed by side chain cleavage enzyme (CSCC). We previously showed that SMase increases steroid production in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells but the mechanism is unknown. In the present study, we examined the effects of SMase on cholesterol mobilization and the effects of SMase and CER on the mRNAs encoding the proteins which regulate steroid synthesis. Cells were labelled with [H-3]-cholesterol and CE formation was determined by thinlayer chromatography SMase significantly increased CE formation (39+/-1 vs 6+/-0.2 fmol/mg protein, P<0.0005 compared to control). Polyadenylated RNA was isolated, reverse transcribed and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. CER increased StAR mRNA (2.12+/-0.39 vs 0.68+/-0.1 in the control cells, P<0.05), but neither SMase nor CER had any effect on SCP2 or CSCC mRNA. These data suggest that together, SMase and CER regulate steroid biosynthesis at least in part by increased cholesterol mobilization and StAR formation. This could be an important part of the signaling system involving cytokines and the initiation of labor. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAILLIERE TINDALL PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1074-939X J9 ENDOCRINOL METAB JI Endocrinol. Metab. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 4 IS 6 BP 385 EP 391 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA YQ628 UT WOS:000071406900006 ER PT J AU Steele, BB Reitsma, LR Racine, CH Burson, SL Stuart, R Theberge, R AF Steele, BB Reitsma, LR Racine, CH Burson, SL Stuart, R Theberge, R TI Different susceptibilities to white phosphorus poisoning among five species of ducks SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE mortality; ducks; susceptibility; toxin; white phosphorus ID FEEDING ECOLOGY; FOOD SELECTION; WINGED TEAL; LEAD SHOT AB Three species of ducks, mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), northern pintail (Anas acuta), and green-winged teal (Anas crecca), that frequent an estuarine salt marsh in Alaska during migration die in large numbers from ingesting particles of white phosphorus. Two other common species, northern shoveler (Anas clypeata) and American wigeon (Anas americana), are rarely found dead. Selectivity indices show that this difference in mortality is not due to different numbers of each species being present. We investigated three hypotheses for the difference in susceptibility to this poison. First, we found that wigeons had more total grit in their gizzards than the susceptible species and shovelers had a high proportion of particles >1 mm compared to other species. Thus, ingestion of particles of white phosphorus as grit cannot explain the differences in susceptibility. Second, feeding behavior could not completely account for the lack of susceptibility in shovelers. Shovelers often forage with their neck or more in the water and often have their bills in the sediments. Wigeon, however, frequently forage with just their bill in the water and rarely penetrate the sediments. This feeding behavior, coupled with a diet consisting mainly of plants, may limit exposure of wigeon. Third, shovelers have wide upper bills, with lamellae consisting of long thin filaments extending from the upper bill inward toward the lower bill. These lamellae map allow white phosphorus particles to he hushed out during feeding. Thus, if physiological tolerance to white phosphorus is similar among these species, the difference in susceptibility appears to be due to differences in feeding behavior and bill morphology. C1 COLBY SAWYER COLL, DEPT NAT SCI, NEW LONDON, NH 03257 USA. PLYMOUTH STATE COLL, NEW ENGLAND INST LANDSCAPE ECOL, PLYMOUTH, NH 03264 USA. PLYMOUTH STATE COLL, DEPT NAT SCI, PLYMOUTH, NH 03264 USA. USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. NEW ENGLAND INST LANDSCAPE ECOL, S CHATHAM, MA 02659 USA. RP Steele, BB (reprint author), COLBY SAWYER COLL, NEW ENGLAND INST LANDSCAPE ECOL, NEW LONDON, NH 03257 USA. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 16 IS 11 BP 2275 EP 2282 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<2275:DSTWPP>2.3.CO;2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA YC088 UT WOS:A1997YC08800012 ER PT J AU Oduola, AMJ Omitowoju, GO Sowunmi, A Makler, MT Falade, CO Kyle, DE Fehintola, FA Ogundahunsi, OAT Piper, RC Schuster, BG Milhous, WK AF Oduola, AMJ Omitowoju, GO Sowunmi, A Makler, MT Falade, CO Kyle, DE Fehintola, FA Ogundahunsi, OAT Piper, RC Schuster, BG Milhous, WK TI Plasmodium falciparum: Evaluation of lactate dehydrogenase in monitoring therapeutic responses to standard antimalarial drugs in Nigeria SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaria; drug resistance; antimalarial drugs; Plasmodium falciparum AB The correlation of P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) activities and patent infections was evaluated for monitoring therapeutic responses and drug resistance in 70 patients with microscopically confirmed P. falciparum malaria in Nigeria. Each patient was treated with standard dosages of artemether (53 patients), chloroquine (7 patients), sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (6 patients), or halofantrine (4 patients). Response of infection to treatment was monitored by microscopic examination of thick and thin blood smears, clinical symptoms, and levels of pLDH activities in blood products. pLDH activity was determined using an antibody capture technique and 3-acetyl pyridine adenine dinucleotide developed to enhance sensitivity of the enzyme detection. All patients treated with artemether were cured while 5 patients treated with chloroquine, 1 treated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, and 2 treated with halofantrine suffered recrudescent infections after treatment. pLDH activity was detected in blood products obtained from patients with patent or recrudescent infections determined by microscopy and clinical symptoms. Levels of pLDH activities in whole blood and packed cells from the patients correlated with qualitative detection of parasites in blood smears and in patients with high gametocyte counts. Gametocyte counts in the patients after treatment ranged from 40 gametocytes/mu l of blood to 4923 gametocytes/mu l of blood. There is a consistent relationship between patent infection and pLDH activities that could easily be determined in whole blood and packed cells from the patients. Further development of the procedure will enhance its valuable application in clinical management of drug-resistant malaria in the endemic areas. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV EXPT THERAPEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV IBADAN,COLL MED,POSTGRAD INST MED RES & TRAINING,DEPT PHARMACOL & THERAPEUT,IBADAN,NIGERIA. VET ADM MED CTR,CLIN PATHOL & RES SERV,PORTLAND,OR. FLOW INC,PORTLAND,OR. NR 5 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 87 IS 3 BP 283 EP 289 DI 10.1006/expr.1997.4251 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA YG265 UT WOS:A1997YG26500015 PM 9371095 ER PT J AU Danielson, KT Noor, AK AF Danielson, KT Noor, AK TI Three-dimensional finite element analysis in cylindrical coordinates for nonlinear solid mechanics problems SO FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN LA English DT Article ID DEFORMATION; STRATEGIES AB A formulation for three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis in cylindrical coordinates in presented. The elements are isoparametric with the same interpolation functions used to represent the geometry and the physical displacement components. The elements can be used for general three-dimensional analysis, but they are most effective for cases when the geometry and the response are best described in cylindrical coordinates. In contrast to formulations in Cartesian coordinates, the foregoing formulation allows the exact representation of a circular shape. For structures with circular geometries, the improved accuracy of the elements can provide better finite element predictions and reduce the number of elements needed in the circumferential direction. The reduction in the number of elements can result in a significant reduction in computer resources needed for large three-dimensional analyses, particularly in the presence of nonlinearities. Whereas the elements may, for some problems, be less efficient than semianalytic elements, the generality of the interpolation provides greater flexibility in modeling different shapes and responses. The mathematical formulation of the three-dimensional finite element equations in cylindrical coordinates is first described for finite strain and deformation. The advantages and additional complexities associated with the cylindrical coordinate formulation are discussed, and the implementation into finite element codes is described. Numerical studies are then presented for two static nonlinear three-dimensional problems: a pneumatic tire in contact with a rigid pavement and the skew bending of a stiffened annular plate. The finite element predictions of the cylindrical coordinate formulation are compared to experimental data and to the predictions from a commercial code using isoparametric finite elements developed in Cartesian coordinates. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,CTR ADV COMPUTAT TECHNOL,HAMPTON,VA 23681. UNIV MINNESOTA,USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,DEPT AEROSP ENGN & MECH,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. UNIV MINNESOTA,USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-874X J9 FINITE ELEM ANAL DES JI Finite Elem. Anal. Des. PD NOV 1 PY 1997 VL 27 IS 3 BP 225 EP 249 DI 10.1016/S0168-874X(97)00013-9 PG 25 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mechanics SC Mathematics; Mechanics GA YF983 UT WOS:A1997YF98300001 ER PT J AU Powell, GM DiazHerrera, JL AF Powell, GM DiazHerrera, JL TI Achieving synergy in collaborative education SO IEEE SOFTWARE LA English DT Article C1 MONMOUTH UNIV,DEPT SOFTWARE ENGN,W LONG BRANCH,NJ 07764. RP Powell, GM (reprint author), USA,CECOM,AMSEL RD SE R T,SOFTWARE ENGN CTR,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 SN 0740-7459 J9 IEEE SOFTWARE JI IEEE Softw. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 14 IS 6 BP 58 EP 65 DI 10.1109/52.636669 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA YF861 UT WOS:A1997YF86100017 ER PT J AU Zurk, LM Tsang, L Shi, JC Davis, RE AF Zurk, LM Tsang, L Shi, JC Davis, RE TI Electromagnetic scattering calculated from pair distribution functions retrieved from planar snow sections SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE dense media; electromagnetic scattering; pair distribution function; particle systems; snow; stereology ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; DENSE MEDIA; EXTINCTION RATE; PARTICLES; PROPAGATION; SPHERES AB Electromagnetic wave scattering in dense media, such as snow, depends on the three-dimensional (3-D) pair distribution function of particle positions, In snow, two-dimensional (2-D) stereological data can be obtained by analyzing planar sections, In this paper we calculate the volume 3-D pair distribution functions from the 2-D stereological data by solving Hanisch's integral equation, We first use Monte Carlo simulations for multisize particles to verify the procedure, Next we apply the procedure to available planar snow sections, A log-normal distribution of particle sizes is assumed for the ice grains in snow, To derive multisize pair functions, a least squares fit is used to recover pair functions for particles with sufficient number density and the hole correction approximation is assumed for the larger particles, A family of 3-D pair distribution functions are derived, These are then substituted into dense media scattering theory to calculate scattering, It is found that the computed scattering rates are comparable to those calculated under the Percus-Yevick approximation of pair distribution functions of multiple sizes. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,APPL PHYS LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,CTR REMOTE SENSING & ENVIRONM OPT,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD NOV PY 1997 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1419 EP 1428 DI 10.1109/36.649796 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA YF976 UT WOS:A1997YF97600004 ER PT J AU Plett, GL Doi, T Torrieri, D AF Plett, GL Doi, T Torrieri, D TI Mine detection using scattering parameters and an artificial neural network SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS LA English DT Article DE anti-personnel land-mine detection; dimensionality reduction; feature extraction; microwave sensor; neural-network applications; pattern classification; statistical outlier removal ID CLASSIFICATION AB The detection and disposal of antipersonnel land mines is one of the most difficult and intractable problems faced in ground conflict. This paper presents detection methods which use a separated-aperture microwave sensor and an artificial neural-network pattern classifier. Several data-specific preprocessing methods are developed to enhance neural-network learning. In addition, a generalized Karhunen-Loeve transform and the eigenspace separation transform are used to perform data reduction and reduce network complexity. Highly favorable results have been obtained using the above methods in conjunction with a feedforward neural network. C1 USA,RES LABS,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Plett, GL (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. OI Plett, Gregory/0000-0002-4868-7863 NR 19 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9227 J9 IEEE T NEURAL NETWOR JI IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1456 EP 1467 DI 10.1109/72.641468 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA YE466 UT WOS:A1997YE46600021 PM 18255747 ER PT J AU Kosinski, JA Gualtieri, JG AF Kosinski, JA Gualtieri, JG TI Acceleration sensitivity of surface wave resonators SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article AB In light of the substantial performance advantages of STW over SAW in various areas, theoretical and experimental studies of the acceleration sensitivities of STW and SAW resonators have been undertaken. The purpose of the studies has been to understand the fundamental nature of STW and SAW acceleration sensitivities, and to determine whether the performance advantages of STW seen in other areas extend to the case of acceleration sensitivity. The basic approach utilizes the perturbation theory developed by Tiersten to calculate the acceleration sensitivities of both STW and SAW resonators. The acceleration-induced bias is conveniently written in terms of acceleration-induced deformation gradients and factored elastic stiffness expressions. This representation clarifies important concepts regarding the frequency shift and the involved elastic constants, and provides the designer with insight into the basic nature of the problem. The dependencies of the normal acceleration sensitivities on substrate and mode shape parameters and the fundamental nature of plate flexure are discussed at length. The calculations compare favorably to recent experimental results. RP Kosinski, JA (reprint author), USA,COMMUN ELECT COMMAND,TI,IE,RD,AMSEL,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD NOV PY 1997 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1343 EP 1347 DI 10.1109/58.656637 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA YH557 UT WOS:A1997YH55700020 ER PT J AU Rao, M Rothwell, SW Wassef, NM Pagano, RE Alving, CR AF Rao, M Rothwell, SW Wassef, NM Pagano, RE Alving, CR TI Visualization of peptides derived from liposome-encapsulated proteins in the trans-Golgi area of macrophages SO IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE liposomes; bone marrow-derived macrophages; MHC class I; Trans-Golgi; TAP proteins ID CLASS-I MOLECULES; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; MHC CLASS-II; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; PARTICULATE ANTIGENS; PROCESSING PATHWAY; EXOGENOUS ANTIGENS; INTRACELLULAR FATE AB Exogenous proteins are generally not presented through the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway, yet several recent studies show that particle-associated antigens induce a CD8(+) T-cell response. Therefore, a pathway must exist in vivo for the presentation of exogenous antigens on class I molecules. In the present study, we investigated the intracellular fate of liposome-encapsulated Texas Red (TR)-conjugated protein in cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMs). After phagocytosis of liposomes, the fluorescent liposomal protein, initially associated with the liposomal lipids in phagosomes, later entered the cytoplasm, and the processed protein was subsequently visualized in the trans-Golgi as a fluorescent peptide. Experiments performed with BMs from transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP1) knock-out mice demonstrated that the translocation of peptides into the trans-Golgi area was dependent upon TAP1 protein. We conclude that delivery of liposomal proteins or peptides to the cytoplasm of phagocytes and subsequent transport of peptides to the Golgi via the classical MHC class I pathway involving TAP proteins might explain the known propensity of liposomal antigens to induce cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HEMATOL & VASC BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,DEPT BIOCHEM MOL BIOL,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. RP Rao, M (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT MEMBRANE BIOCHEM,DIV BIOCHEM,BLDG 40,ROOM 1044,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 34 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2478 J9 IMMUNOL LETT JI Immunol. Lett. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 59 IS 2 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1016/S0165-2478(97)00107-7 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA YD174 UT WOS:A1997YD17400006 PM 9373218 ER PT J AU Taylor, MD Squire, O Klontz, KC AF Taylor, MD Squire, O Klontz, KC TI Raw shellfish consumption and liver disease. Risk factor for septicemia SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS SEPSIS; INFECTIONS; SURVEILLANCE C1 US FDA,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH HFS728,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. MADIGAN ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,TACOMA,WA 98431. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,GASTROENTEROL CLIN,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1056-9103 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 6 IS 8 BP 562 EP 564 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA YH701 UT WOS:A1997YH70100019 ER PT J AU Ebeling, RM Peters, JF Mosher, RL AF Ebeling, RM Peters, JF Mosher, RL TI The role of non-linear deformation analyses in the design of a reinforced soil berm at Red River U-frame lock no. 1 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE finite element; soil structure interaction; soil reinforcement AB This paper describes a design application of non-linear deformation analysis to a complex soil-structure-foundation interaction problem through use of a finite element analysis. The problem consists of a proposed renovation to an existing soil-founded U-frame lock structure consisting of construction of a densely reinforced soil berm adjacent to an existing lock wall. Major questions facing the designer involve reduction of the earth pressure on the lock wall, layout of the reinforcing in the soil berm, and collateral effects of berm construction on the U-frame lock structure. A non-linear deformation analysis played a central role in addressing all of these questions. Berm construction and four operational load cases were used to understand the performance of the reinforced berm and to discern interactions among the lock, the backfill, the foundation strata of the U-frame lock, the reinforced berm, and the foundation strata of the reinforced berm. Insight gained from the soil-structure-foundation interaction analyses led to an alteration to the proposed reinforcement layout to enhance the performance of the reinforced soil berm. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0363-9061 J9 INT J NUMER ANAL MET JI Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 21 IS 11 BP 753 EP 787 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9853(199711)21:11<753::AID-NAG899>3.0.CO;2-3 PG 35 WC Engineering, Geological; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA YF378 UT WOS:A1997YF37800002 ER PT J AU Kam, CM Selzler, J Schulz, SM Bongiovanni, R Powers, JC AF Kam, CM Selzler, J Schulz, SM Bongiovanni, R Powers, JC TI Enhanced serine protease activities in the sulfur mustard-exposed homogenates of hairless guinea pig skin SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chymase; elastase; inhibitor; serine protease; substrate; sulfur mustard; trypsin ID CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE ENZYMES; HUMAN-LEUKOCYTE ELASTASE; TRYPSIN-LIKE ENZYMES; CATHEPSIN-G; COMPARATIVE REACTIVITIES; PEPTIDE 4-NITROANILIDE; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; THIOBENZYL ESTER; INHIBITORS; DERIVATIVES AB Skin homogenates of hairless guinea pigs exposed percutaneously to sulfur mustard (SM) were investigated by measuring four serine protease activities (elastase, tryptase, chymase, and Asp-ase) using sensitive chromogenic substrates. The homogenate samples from skirt area directly exposed to SM showed enhanced elastase activities. The tryptase (trypsin-like enzyme) activity also increased slightly; however, the chymase (chymotrypsin-like enzyme) and Aspase (cleave after aspartic acid) activities did not show any increase. The enhanced elastase activities after SM exposure indicate that inflammation is present in the SM lesions. The inhibitory potency of MeO-Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-CH2Cl (an elastase inhibitor) and two amidine derivatives (inhibitors of trypsin-like enzyme) was tested against the activities present in samples from both exposed and control tissues. The elastase inhibitor decreased the hydrolysis of elastase substrate in the samples from SM-exposed shin to a greater extent than the samples from control tissues. The two trypsin inhibitors decreased the activity in samples from exposed and control tissues equally well. These substrate and inhibitor studies facilitate the characterization of various proteases affected by SM and may be useful for elucidating the mechanism of SM-induced vesication. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH CHEM & BIOCHEM,ATLANTA,GA 30332. USA,RES INST CHEM DEF,DRUG ASSESSMENT DIV,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 16 IS 6 BP 625 EP 638 DI 10.1080/109158197226937 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA YJ316 UT WOS:A1997YJ31600008 ER PT J AU Blank, SJ AF Blank, SJ TI Russo-Chinese military relations and Asian security SO ISSUES & STUDIES LA English DT Review DE Russia; China; Taiwan; arms sales; southeast Asia; Korea AB Russia's relationship with China and their arms soles have aroused a great deal of uneasiness in Asia and the United States. Upon examination of this military relationship, one finds that Russian policy apparently is excessively dependent on China for entry into Asian security agendas. Moreover; its military sales have been wed to bail out the Russian defense industry, which would otherwise face bankruptcy and the resultant collapse of Russia's nl-men forces. In addition, China's actual payments have apparently been relatively cheap, and have often taken the form of noncash substitutes or transfer of licenses and technology to China, Thus, China has reaped tangible political and, military gains, while Russia's gains have only been psychological and evanescent, Worse yet, many Russian military and political figures still regard China as a potential future threat and sec little true Rain in Russia arming it, In the overall Asian context, these fears have assumed more substance, In short, Russian policy seems all ton lacking in any sense of true national interests or a strategic perspective. C1 USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Blank, SJ (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Carlisle, PA USA. NR 171 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST INTERNAT RELATIONS PI MUCHA PA 64 WAN SHOU ROAD, MUCHA, TAIPEI, TAIWAN SN 1013-2511 J9 ISSUES STUD JI Issues Stud. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 33 IS 11 BP 58 EP 94 PG 37 WC Area Studies; International Relations; Political Science SC Area Studies; International Relations; Government & Law GA YN072 UT WOS:000071130300003 ER PT J AU Schmidt, NB Trakowski, JH Staab, JP AF Schmidt, NB Trakowski, JH Staab, JP TI Extinction of panicogenic effects of a 35% CO2 challenge in patients with panic disorder SO JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; BIOLOGICAL CHALLENGE; ANXIETY SENSITIVITY; ALARM THEORY; PCO2 LEVELS; INHALATION; ATTACKS; AGORAPHOBIA; ALPRAZOLAM; EFFICACY AB Inhalations of high concentrations of carbon dioxide (GO,) reliably produce panic attacks in patients with panic disorder The present study evaluated whether cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) for panic disorder would extinguish COL-induced panic and whether changes in panic and arousal-related cognitions were associated with the induction of panic. Patients with panic disorder (N = 54) were assigned to 1 of 3 experimental conditions: CBT with respiratory training (CBT-R), CBT without respiratory training (CBT), or delayed treatment. Participants received 5 repeated vital-capacity inhalations of 35% CO2/65% O-2 prior to and following either 12 treatment sessions or a 12-week waiting period. During pretreatment assessments, 74% of patients experienced a panic attack during at least 1 inhalation. At posttreatment, only 20% of treated participants (CBT-R = 19%, CBT = 22%), compared with 64% of untreated participants, panicked. Forty-four percent of treated participants , compared with 0% of untreated participants, reported no anxiety during all posttreatment inhalations. Anxiety sensitivity as well as panic appraisals regarding the likelihood of panic and self-efficacy with coping with panic were significantly related to fearful responding to the CO2, challenge. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV FLORIDA,COLL MED,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP Schmidt, NB (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED & CLIN PSYCHOL,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. RI Staab, Jeffrey/B-8792-2015 OI Staab, Jeffrey/0000-0002-1516-3131 NR 42 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0021-843X J9 J ABNORM PSYCHOL JI J. Abnorm. Psychol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 106 IS 4 BP 630 EP 638 DI 10.1037//0021-843X.106.4.630 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA YD329 UT WOS:A1997YD32900014 PM 9358693 ER PT J AU Shih, ML Korte, WD Clark, CR AF Shih, ML Korte, WD Clark, CR TI Multicomponent spectroscopic assay for hemoglobin and ferrihemoglobin species in methemoglobin treatment of cyanide poisoning SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DERIVATIVES C1 CALIF STATE UNIV LOS ANGELES,DEPT CHEM,CHICO,CA 95929. RP Shih, ML (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 21 IS 7 BP 543 EP 547 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA YH446 UT WOS:A1997YH44600004 PM 9399123 ER PT J AU Barsoum, IS Kopydlowski, KM Burge, JR Setterstrom, JA AF Barsoum, IS Kopydlowski, KM Burge, JR Setterstrom, JA TI Effect of microencapsulated ampicillin on cell-mediated immune responses in mice SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article AB The effects of free ampicillin, microencapsulated ampicillin anhydrate (MEAA) and antibiotic-free microspheres on the cell-mediated immune response in Balb/c mice were measured by lymphoproliferation assay, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and cytokine production, Injection into mice for seven consecutive days with equivalent subcutaneous doses of ampicillin, MEAA or placebo microspheres did not produce any consistent change in lymphocyte proliferation nor did it affect DTH responses or interleukin-2 production, Although the production of interleukin-4 in mice treated with ampicillin or MEAA increased compared with the control mice, this increase was not statistically significant, These results indicate that ampicillin and MEAA have similar effects on cell-mediated immunity in mice. C1 USA, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dent Res Detachment, Microbiol Branch, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biometr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Barsoum, IS (reprint author), USA, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dent Res Detachment, Microbiol Branch, 2701 Sheridan Rd,Bldg I-H, Great Lakes, IL 60088 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 40 IS 5 BP 721 EP 724 DI 10.1093/jac/40.5.721 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA YR148 UT WOS:000071464900017 PM 9421323 ER PT J AU Koley, B Dagenais, M Jin, R Pham, J Simonis, G McLane, G Stone, D AF Koley, B Dagenais, M Jin, R Pham, J Simonis, G McLane, G Stone, D TI Kinetics of growth of AlAs oxide in selectively oxidized vertical cavity surface emitting lasers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION AB The wet oxidation kinetics of AlAs layers of interest in vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) fabrication are investigated in detail. The process is modeled as a diffusion-reaction process. For oxidation over a long time interval, variation of the oxidation rate with the variation of the radius of the etched mesa of the VCSEL is observed. A theory has been developed to obtain the rate equation of the oxidation process and the dependence of the oxidation rate on the size of the VCSEL is explained. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-8979(97)07121-1]. C1 USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. LAB PHYS SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20740. RP Koley, B (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20740, USA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD NOV 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 9 BP 4586 EP 4589 DI 10.1063/1.366195 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YE458 UT WOS:A1997YE45800076 ER PT J AU Toney, MO Dominguez, R Dao, HN Simmons, G AF Toney, MO Dominguez, R Dao, HN Simmons, G TI The effect of lossy discrete cosine transform compression on subtle bone fractures SO JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE computed radiography; lossless and lossy compression; hard-copy; soft-copy; Friedman analysis of variance (ANOVA); Wilcoxon's signed ranked test ID COMMUNICATION-SYSTEM; IMAGES; IMPLEMENTATION; DESIGN AB Extensive research efforts have been devoted to the feasibility of picture archiving and communication Systems (PACS) in recent years, The advantages of PACS are numerous but mainly include reduced cost and improvement in the operational efficiency of a PACS-based radiology department. In digital radiography, images are viewed either in hard-copy or soft-copy format. Usually these images are subsequently compressed and archived for future evaluation. There are various methods used in image compression. In this study, computed radiography images showing subtle pediatric bone fractures were compressed with the lossy method of image compression after they had been initially evaluated on workstation monitors. These studies were subsequently evaluated by observers, who were unaware of the interpretations of these images before compression, to determine if they could detect similar abnormalities, Our conclusion is that there is no difference in the interpretation of soft-copy computed radiographic images before or after lossy 10:1 compression in studies of subtle pediatric bone fractures. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use. RP Toney, MO (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234, USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0897-1889 J9 J DIGIT IMAGING JI J. Digit. Imaging PD NOV PY 1997 VL 10 IS 4 BP 169 EP 173 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YG917 UT WOS:A1997YG91700005 PM 9399170 ER PT J AU Ross, EW Shaw, CP Friel, M AF Ross, EW Shaw, CP Friel, M TI Color measurement as predictor of consumer ratings of military ration items SO JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE; QUALITY; STORAGE AB Instrumental color measurements were investigated as a method of assessing ration quality after long term storage. Six items were stored at five temperatures from 4 to 60C and withdrawn after 7, 31, 91, 182, 365, 730 and 1095 days. They were assessed for color (CIELAB L*a*b* values, hue angle and chroma), consumer acceptance, and attribute ratings. Color variables varied consistently for only applesauce and cheese spread. L* values were investigated to measure acceptability. Consumer acceptance ratings were divided into two equal sets. The first was used to determine the relationship between the mean score and L* value, then to predict acceptability. Predictions were compared to the second set of scores and type 1 and 2 error rates determined. Although error rates were high by usual statistical standards, they were equal to or lower (although not significantly different) than those based on the mean consumer acceptance score. C1 USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,SOLDIER SYST COMMAND,NATICK,MA 01760. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 SN 0146-9428 J9 J FOOD QUALITY JI J. Food Qual. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 20 IS 5 BP 427 EP 439 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4557.1997.tb00485.x PG 13 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA YH175 UT WOS:A1997YH17500008 ER PT J AU Marino, EA AF Marino, EA TI A pilot study using the first cervical vertebra as an indicator of race SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic anthropology; physical anthropology; articular regions; racial classification ID SEX AB The articular surfaces and vertebral foramen of the first cervical vertebra can be used to estimate race from complete and fragmentary specimens. Eight measurements taken from 200 vertebrae from the Terry and Hamann-Todd collections (Smithsonian Institution and Cleveland Museum of Natural History, respectively) were used to construct 13 discriminant functions that predict race with 76-60% accuracy. RP Marino, EA (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,CURAT & ARCHIVES ANAL BRANCH,1222 SPRUCE ST,ST LOUIS,MO 63103, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 42 IS 6 BP 1114 EP 1118 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA YF717 UT WOS:A1997YF71700024 PM 9397556 ER PT J AU Maynord, ST AF Maynord, ST TI Toe-scour estimation in stabilized bendways - Closure SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Maynord, ST (reprint author), USA,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,HYDROL LAB,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD NOV PY 1997 VL 123 IS 11 BP 1048 EP 1050 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:11(1048) PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA YB790 UT WOS:A1997YB79000015 ER PT J AU Farr, JV AF Farr, JV TI Engineering education - The challenge of reform SO JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material RP Farr, JV (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT SYST ENGN,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0742-597X J9 J MANAGE ENG JI J. Manage. Eng. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 13 IS 6 BP 3 EP 4 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(1997)13:6(3) PG 2 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA YB148 UT WOS:A1997YB14800001 ER PT J AU Farr, JV AF Farr, JV TI Education reform: Pros and cons SO JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article RP Farr, JV (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT SYST ENGN,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0742-597X J9 J MANAGE ENG JI J. Manage. Eng. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 13 IS 6 BP 34 EP 36 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(1997)13:6(34) PG 3 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA YB148 UT WOS:A1997YB14800029 ER PT J AU Rohrbaugh, DK Yang, YC AF Rohrbaugh, DK Yang, YC TI Liquid chromatography electrospray mass spectrometry of mustard-related sulfonium ions SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE electrospray; mustard; sulfonium ion; hydrolysis; tandem mass spectrometry ID CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; DEGRADATION AB The detection and identification of degradation products of the chemical blister agent bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, commonly known as mustard or HD, is important for the future destruction of the mustard stockpile for safety and environmental reasons, Because stored mustard tends to degrade via intramolecular substitution forming stable sulfonium ions, conventional gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis does not give a true picture of sample composition. In this study, liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/MS) was applied for the detection and identification of six synthesized mustard related cyclic and open-chain sulfonium ions to demonstrate the applicability of the technique, The technique was then applied to confirm the identification of the major component of unknown solid heels isolated from mustard ton containers as the six-membered ring cyclic 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1,4-dithianium ion by comparison of spectra obtained by LC/MS and LC/MS/MS for a mustard heel and a reference standard. A mechanism to account for this sulfonium ion formation under long-term ton container storage conditions is provided, The technique was also applied to monitor open-chain sulfonium ion formation during the hydrolysis of 0.01 M mustard in 0.05, 2.3 and 10 vol.% thiodiglycol-water at 20 degrees C. (C) 1997 John Whey & Sons, Ltd. RP Rohrbaugh, DK (reprint author), USA,CTR DEV & ENGN,RES & TECHNOL DIRECTORATE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1247 EP 1252 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA YF898 UT WOS:A1997YF89800012 ER PT J AU Olson, MA Cuff, L AF Olson, MA Cuff, L TI Molecular docking of superantigens with class II major histocompatibility complex proteins SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR RECOGNITION LA English DT Article DE protein-protein docking; surface complementarity; binding free energy; molecular recognition; electrostatics; hydrophobic effect ID STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN-B; SHOCK SYNDROME TOXIN-1; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BINDING; ASSOCIATION; DIMERIZATION; RECOGNITION; STABILITY; ENERGIES; ENTROPY AB The molecular recognition of two superantigens with class II major histocompatibility complex molecules was simulated by using protein- protein docking. Superantigens studied were staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) in their crystallographic assemblies with HLA-DR1. Rigid-body docking was performed sampling configurational space of the interfacial surfaces by employing a strategy of partitioning the contact regions on HLA-DR1 into separate molecular recognition units. Scoring of docked conformations was based on an electrostatic continuum model evaluated with the finite-difference Poisson- Boltzmann method. Estimates of nonpolar contributions were derived from the buried molecular surface areas. We found for both superantigens that docking the HLA-DR1 surface complementary with the SEB and TSST-1 contact regions containing a homologous hydrophobic surface loop provided sufficient recognition for the reconstitution of native-like conformers exhibiting the highest-scoring free energies, For the SEB complex, the calculations were successful in reproducing the total association free energy. A comparison of the free-energy determinants of the conserved hydrophobic contact residue indicates functional similarity between the two proteins for this interface. Though both superantigens share a common global association made, differences in binding topology distinguish the conformational specificities underlying recognition. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Mol Modeling Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0952-3499 J9 J MOL RECOGNIT JI J. Mol. Recognit. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 10 IS 6 BP 277 EP 289 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1352(199711/12)10:6<277::AID-JMR376>3.3.CO;2-O PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 118XJ UT WOS:000075866000005 PM 9770652 ER PT J AU Klemme, WR Denis, F Winter, RB Lonstein, JW Koop, SE AF Klemme, WR Denis, F Winter, RB Lonstein, JW Koop, SE TI Spinal instrumentation without fusion for progressive scoliosis in young children SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS LA English DT Article DE instrumentation without fusion; scoliosis; spinal growth; subfascial rods AB Between 1973 and 1993, a heterogeneous group of 67 children with progressive scoliosis entered a program of incremental-distraction spinal instrumentation without fusion supplemented by full-time external orthotic support. Over the course of treatment, curve magnitude improved from an average of 67 degrees at initial instrumentation to 47 degrees at definitive fusion. For all patients, curve response tended to decline with consecutive procedures. The measured growth of the instrumented but unfused spinal segments averaged 3.1 cm over a mean treatment period of 3.1 years. The results of our study suggest that spinal instrumentation without fusion can control progressive scoliosis in a majority of children while allowing normalized growth of instrumented spinal segments. The mean duration of treatment and ultimate gain in spinal length are constrained by progressive structural changes that alter curve response to incremental distraction. Despite these limitations, spinal instrumentation without fusion may provide a reasonable management alternative when individualized among these difficult patients. RP Klemme, WR (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,ORTHOPAED SERV,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 22 TC 84 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0271-6798 J9 J PEDIATR ORTHOPED JI J. Pediatr. Orthop. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 17 IS 6 BP 734 EP 742 DI 10.1097/00004694-199711000-00007 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Pediatrics SC Orthopedics; Pediatrics GA YH424 UT WOS:A1997YH42400007 PM 9591974 ER PT J AU Plichta, EJ Slane, S AF Plichta, EJ Slane, S TI Conductivity of lithium imide in mixed aprotic solvents for lithium cells SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE lithium cells; lithium imide; aprotic solvents ID 1-1 ELECTROLYTES; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; ION ASSOCIATION; BATTERIES; MIXTURES AB Electrolyte conductivities of LiN(CF3SO2)(2) in the single solvents and binary solvent mixtures of propylene carbonate (PC) with methyl acetate (MA), ethyl acetate (EA) or propyl acetate (PA) have been determined at temperatures from -40 to 55 degrees C. Optimized binary mixed solvent electrolyte solutions were investigated in 23 mm diameter primary Li/MnO2 button cells at 5 mA/cm(2). The electrolyte solution 1.25 M LiN(CF3SO2)(2) in 1:3 (volume ratio) PC:MA gave the highest conductivity as well as the best overall performance in button cells at temperatures from -40 to 55 degrees C. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Power Sources Ctr Excellence, AMSEL,RD,AS,BE, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Plichta, EJ (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Power Sources Ctr Excellence, AMSEL,RD,AS,BE, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 69 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 45 DI 10.1016/S0378-7753(97)02545-7 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA YN822 UT WOS:000071211300005 ER PT J AU Hallit, REA Hawk, CW Allan, BD Logan, N AF Hallit, REA Hawk, CW Allan, BD Logan, N TI Compatibility of gelled inhibited red fuming nitric acid with aluminum alloys (vol 13, pg 481, 1997) SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 USA,MISSILE COMMAND,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35898. UNIV NOTTINGHAM,NOTTINGHAM NG7 2RD,ENGLAND. RP Hallit, REA (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 13 IS 6 BP 811 EP 811 PG 1 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA YG296 UT WOS:A1997YG29600020 ER PT J AU Weinacht, P Sturek, WB Schiff, LB AF Weinacht, P Sturek, WB Schiff, LB TI Navier-Stokes predictions of pitch damping for axisymmetric projectiles SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB An approach for predicting the pitch-damping coefficient sum for axisymmetric flight bodies is presented. The approach utilizes a specific combination of spinning and coning motions that allows the pitch-damping force and moment coefficient to be directly related to the aerodynamic side force and moment. The use of combined spinning and coning motion represents an improvement over existing techniques that utilize lunar coning motion for predicting the pitch-damping coefficients. A parabolized Navier-Stokes approach that utilizes a missile fixed, noninertial rotating coordinate frame is applied to predict the flowfields about axisymmetric projectiles undergoing steady coning motion. The governing equations are modified to include the centrifugal and Coriolis force terms due to the rotating coordinate frame. From the computed flowfield, the side force and moment due to coning motion, spinning motion, and combined spinning and coning motion are used to determine the pitch-damping coefficients. Computations are performed for a generic shell configuration (with and without boattail), and the predictions show good agreement with an existing inviscid code. The comparisons of computational results for a family of ogive-cylinder configurations with aerodynamics range data show excellent agreement and further validate the approach. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Prop & Flight Div,Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Fluid Dynam Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. USA, Res Lab, High Performance Comp Div, Corp Informat & Comp Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Weinacht, P (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Prop & Flight Div,Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 34 IS 6 BP 753 EP 761 DI 10.2514/2.3306 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA YQ067 UT WOS:000071344200009 ER PT J AU Cooper, GR Fansler, KS Oskay, V AF Cooper, GR Fansler, KS Oskay, V TI Extracting meteorological data from projectile trajectory SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference CY AUG 07-10, 1995 CL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut AB The atmospheric conditions are found by knowing only the projectile's flight trajectory and its aerodynamic coefficients together with the initial atmospheric conditions on the ground. The test trajectories were generated as solutions of the modified point mass equations of motion. The correct atmospheric conditions for the generated flight trajectory are obtained from data collected during a weather balloon flight. A nonlinear least squares method then was used to fit the modified point mass equations to the test trajectory by varying the meteorological parameters. Density, temperature, and wind profiles agreed well. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cooper, GR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 34 IS 6 BP 769 EP 773 DI 10.2514/2.3284 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA YQ067 UT WOS:000071344200011 ER PT J AU Tilley, DL Spores, RA AF Tilley, DL Spores, RA TI Life extension strategies for shuttle-deployed small satellites using pulsed plasma thrusters SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 32nd Joint Propulsion Conference CY JUL 01-03, 1996 CL LAKE BUENA VISTA, FLORIDA SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut, ASME, SAE, ASEE ID CYCLE AB At Space Shuttle altitudes, thermospheric drag is the dominant force limiting satellite on-orbit life (typically <100 days), The pulsed plasma thruster is ideally suited to extend the life of small satellites deployed from the Shuttle due to its low system mass and volume, high specific impulse, and inert solid propellant (Teflon(R). The objective was to identify and analyze life extension strategies for Space Shuttle-deployed small satellites using the pulsed plasma thruster, A generalized analysis is presented that is applicable to a broad range of satellite and pulsed plasma thruster performance/life characteristics. Within the limits of typical small satellite power to mass ratios, the most capable of these strategies, designated lift and coast, requires the smallest amount of propellant and can extend mission life to one to two years with pulsed plasma thruster technology currently in development. C1 USA, Phillips Lab, Elect Prop Lab, RKES,PL,AC,OL, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. RP Tilley, DL (reprint author), USA, Phillips Lab, Elect Prop Lab, RKES,PL,AC,OL, 4 Draco Dr, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 34 IS 6 BP 785 EP 791 DI 10.2514/2.3287 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA YQ067 UT WOS:000071344200014 ER PT J AU Wang, JS Lai, ST AF Wang, JS Lai, ST TI Virtual anode in ion beam emissions in space: Numerical simulations SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE AB The plasma interactions associated with the emission of an unneutralized ion beam in space are discussed. Three-dimensional particle simulations, which follow the beam ions as well as the ambient electrons and ions in the self-consistent electric field, are performed for various emission conditions. Classical theories and laboratory experiments for one-dimensional beam flow in diodes have shown that a potential hump will form when the beam current density exceeds a critical value. When the potential hump becomes so high that the beam kinetic energy is near zero there, it becomes a virtual electrode. We show that similar characteristics are also exhibited in high-density ion beams emitted from spacecraft to space plasma, although three-dimensional effects and the ambient plasma make the interaction more complex. Once a virtual anode has formed, it will partly block the beam transmission and discharge the spacecraft potential. C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Adv Prop Technol Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. USA, Phillips Lab, GPSS, PL, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA. RP Wang, JS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Adv Prop Technol Grp, MS125-224,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 34 IS 6 BP 829 EP 836 DI 10.2514/2.3295 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA YQ067 UT WOS:000071344200021 ER PT J AU Haff, GG Stone, M OBryant, HS Harman, E Dinan, C Johnson, R Han, KH AF Haff, GG Stone, M OBryant, HS Harman, E Dinan, C Johnson, R Han, KH TI Force-time dependent characteristics of dynamic and isometric muscle actions SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE rate of force development; peak force; power ID LEG EXTENSOR MUSCLES; STRENGTH; CONTRACTION; PERFORMANCE; PARAMETERS; RELAXATION; RECOVERY; FATIGUE; POWER AB Eight trained men were used to compare isometric and dynamic force-time variables. Subjects performed maximum isometric and dynamic pulls at 80% (DP80), 90% (DP90), and 100% (DP100) of their current 1-RM power clean from a standardized postion on a 61.0- x 121.9-cm AMTI force plate. Isometric peak force showed moderate to strong correlations with peak force during DP80, DP90, and DP100 (r = 0.66, 0.77, and 0.80, respectively). Isometric rate of force development showed moderate to strong correlations with dynamic peak force during DP80, DP90, and DP100 (r = 0.65, 0.73, and 0.75, respectively) and was strongly correlated with peak dynamic rate of force development during DP80, DP90, and DP100 (r = 0.84, 0.88, and 0.84, respectively). This suggests that the ability to exert both isometric and dynamic peak force shares some structural and functional foundation with the ability to generate force rapidly. C1 USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,NATICK,MA 01760. RP Haff, GG (reprint author), APPALACHIAN STATE UNIV,BIOMECH LAB,BOONE,NC 28608, USA. OI Haff, Guy Gregory/0000-0002-0676-7750 NR 24 TC 122 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 17 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 11 IS 4 BP 269 EP 272 PG 4 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA YD171 UT WOS:A1997YD17100014 ER PT J AU Flaherty, SF Golenbock, DT Milham, FH Ingalls, RR AF Flaherty, SF Golenbock, DT Milham, FH Ingalls, RR TI CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins: New signaling receptors for bacterial endotoxin SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th Annual Meeting of the Western-Trauma-Association CY FEB 26-MAR 01, 1996 CL GRAND TARGHEE, WYOMING SP W Trauma Assoc DE signaling; integrins; endotoxin ID ADHESION-PROMOTING RECEPTORS; RECOGNITION SITE; SOLUBLE CD14; I-DOMAIN; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; BINDING; CELLS; CD11B/CD18; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION AB Exaggerated responses by phagocytes to bacterial endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] may result in the sepsis syndrome, While a number of LPS-binding proteins have been identified on immune cells, only CD14 has been definitively shown to be involved in signal transduction in response to LPS. The beta 2 leukocyte integrins are a family of transmembrane receptors whose expression is restricted to leukocytes. Among their many functions, the beta 2 integrins are phagocytic receptors that bind a variety of bacterial products, including LPS, We hypothesize that this binding results in signal transduction. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) fibroblast cell lines expressing the CD11a/CD18 or CD11b/CD18 antigen were engineered by gene transfection, The cell lines were stimulated with LPS, LPS-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) was analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, Heterologous expression of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 in otherwise LPS-nonresponsive fibroblasts imparted the ability to respond to LPS. Responses to LPS were observed at levels of LPS of 100 ng/ml, as were responses to whole Gram-negative bacteria. The CD11/CD18 leukocyte integrins mediate cellular responses to the LPS component of Gram-negative bacteria, CD11/CD18-mediated responses of cells to LPS are likely to affect the phagocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and killing of invading bacteria as well as to help mediate cytokine responses during endotoxemia, The development of novel therapies to prevent the end-organ damage frequently observed during sepsis will require an understanding of these complex cellular events. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Trauma Crit Care Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Flaherty, SF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Trauma Crit Care Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32HL07501]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-94-16]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM54060] NR 30 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 73 IS 1 BP 85 EP 89 DI 10.1006/jsre.1997.5195 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA YU732 UT WOS:000071748700013 PM 9441798 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Decker, C Yeager, J Skelton, HG Baskin, S AF Smith, KJ Decker, C Yeager, J Skelton, HG Baskin, S TI Therapeutic efficacy of carbamazepine in a HIV-1-positive patient with psoriatic erythroderma SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEUROPEPTIDES; TYPE-1; CELLS C1 USA, MED RES INST CHEM DEF, WASHINGTON, DC 20310 USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, BETHESDA, MD USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP 851 EP 854 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(97)80010-2 PN 2 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA YF413 UT WOS:A1997YF41300009 PM 9366851 ER PT J AU Ader, DN Shriver, CD AF Ader, DN Shriver, CD TI Cyclical mastalgia: Prevalence and impact in an outpatient breast clinic sample SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID PAIN; ANALOG AB Background: A descriptive study was conducted to examine prevalence of premenstrual breast symptoms, impact of cyclical mastalgia on various activities, and associated patterns of health care utilization among breast clinic outpatients. Study Design: Patients (n = 231, age < 55 years) com pleted a questionnaire about lifetime and current premenstrual breast discomfort (cyclical mastalgia). Results: Seventy-nine percent reported having regularly experienced cyclical breast symptoms; 48% have asked a health care provider about their mastalgia. Young women (equal to or less than 35 years) were more than three times as likely to have had a mammogram (75%) if they regularly experienced cyclical mastalgia than if they did not (24%; p < 0.05). Current moderate to severe mastalgia lasting 5 days or more monthly was reported by 30% of women. This ''clinical'' level of mastalgia interferes with usual sexual activity for 33%, with physical activity for 29%, with social activity for 15%, and with work for 15% of these women. Conclusions: Reported prevalences of mastalgia obtained in this sample are higher than those reported in British studies; possible reasons for these differences are discussed. Cyclical mastalgia is a common problem sometimes severe enough to interfere with normal activity levels, and it is related to excessive use of mammography among young women. Although largely ignored both scientifically and clinically in the United States, this condition merits further biopsychosocial investigation. (C) 1997 by the American College of Surgeons). C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,BETHESDA,MD. RP Ader, DN (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PSYCHIAT,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 12 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL SURGEONS PI CHICAGO PA 54 EAST ERIE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 185 IS 5 BP 466 EP 470 DI 10.1016/S1072-7515(97)00095-1 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA YE038 UT WOS:A1997YE03800007 PM 9358091 ER PT J AU Broughton, G Alvarez, JD AF Broughton, G Alvarez, JD TI Repair of a spigelian hernia SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID LAPAROSCOPIC REPAIR RP Broughton, G (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT GEN SURG,8851 ROGER BROOKE DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL SURGEONS PI CHICAGO PA 54 EAST ERIE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 185 IS 5 BP 490 EP 491 DI 10.1016/S1072-7515(01)00965-6 PG 2 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA YE038 UT WOS:A1997YE03800013 PM 9358097 ER PT J AU Wynn, GH Fountain, AW AF Wynn, GH Fountain, AW TI Development and characterization of electrochemical devices using ultraviolet laser induced carbonization of polyimide films SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTING CARBON NETWORK; IRRADIATION; VOLTAMMETRY; KAPTON(TM) AB The Photonics Research Center has been investigating the ultraviolet (UV) laser carbonization of polyimide films to produce electrically conducting polymer films. In this research, broadband UV laser radiation (350 to 380 nm) from a continuous wave (cw) argon ion laser is used to write a conducting pattern on the surface of polyimide films. Two scanning mirrors under computer control allow line drawings produced in a computer aided design (CAD) program to be reproduced with high precision. The oxidation-reduction of Fe-III(CN)(6)(3-)/Fe-II(CN)(6)(4-) was selected as a system to examine the electron transfer rates of the carbonized surfaces. Using methods developed by Nicholson, cyclic voltammetry of a 10 mM solution of K3Fe(CN)(6) in 1 M KCl was used to determine the rate of electron transfer from fabricated carbonized Kapton electrodes. The rate of electron transfer of the Kapton electrode was much slower when compared to commercial platinum and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes under the same conditions. C1 US MIL ACAD,DEPT CHEM,W POINT,NY 10996. RP Wynn, GH (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,PHOTON RES CTR,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. RI Wynn, Gary/B-3618-2011 NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 144 IS 11 BP 3769 EP 3772 DI 10.1149/1.1838089 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA YF272 UT WOS:A1997YF27200019 ER PT J AU Chu, CS Matylevich, NP McManus, AT Pruitt, BA Goodwin, CW AF Chu, CS Matylevich, NP McManus, AT Pruitt, BA Goodwin, CW TI Optimized mesh expansion of composite skin grafts in rats treated with direct current SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 19-21, 1996 CL HOUSTON, TX SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE meshed composite skin graft; allodermal graft; autoepidermal graft; mesh expansion ratio; silver-nylon; direct current ID DERMIS; REPLACEMENT; EPIDERMIS; COVERAGE; MATRIX; WOUNDS; CELLS AB Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum autoepidermal and allodermal expansion ratio of each component of a meshed composite skin graft (MCSG) that would lead to successful healing. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as hosts of the MCSG and donors of autologous tissue. Male ACI rats were used as donors of allodermis. MCSGs with open meshed area (autoepidermal/allodermal) of 9:1/1.5:1, 9:1/3:1, 9:1/6:1, or 6:1/6:1 were applied to full-thickness skin defects and treated with a silver nylon dressing (SN) or SN with direct current (DC). Wound size, hair regrowth, and thickness of dermal layer were evaluated at 3 months. Results: MCSGs of 9:1/1.5:1, 9:1/3:1, and 6:1/6:1 mesh ratios healed completely within 3 months,vith no difference in wound size between SN dressing groups or DC-treated groups. Application of DC reduced MCSG contraction and stimulated regrowth of hair. Conclusion: Fresh autoepidermis can be expanded 6:1 on a 6:1 allodermis or 9:1 on a 3:1 allodermis and achieve successful wound healing. C1 USA,INST SURG RES,LIB BRANCH,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD NOV PY 1997 VL 43 IS 5 BP 804 EP 811 DI 10.1097/00005373-199711000-00012 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA YK523 UT WOS:A1997YK52300012 PM 9390493 ER PT J AU Svetec, DA Canby, ED Thompson, IM Sabanegh, ES AF Svetec, DA Canby, ED Thompson, IM Sabanegh, ES TI The effect of parenteral testosterone replacement on prostate specific antigen in hypogonadal men with erectile dysfunction SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hypogonadism; testosterone; impotence; prostate-specific antigen; prostatic neoplasms ID EXOGENOUS TESTOSTERONE; ADENOCARCINOMA; CANCER; VOLUME AB Purpose: Parenteral testosterone supplementation is a common treatment for erectile dysfunction in hypogonadal men. Despite its frequent use, the effect of testosterone on prostate specific antigen (PSA) in these patients has not been documented previously. In this study we determined the effect of parenteral testosterone replacement on PSA and PSA velocity in a group of men being treated for erectile dysfunction. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 48 patients (mean age 65.9) was performed and 2 study groups were identified. Group 1 consisted of 27 patients with a serum PSA level before and after initiating testosterone replacement therapy, and group 2 consisted of 27 men with a minimum of 3 PSA measurements (intervals of 6 months or greater) while on testosterone replacement. Each man had erectile dysfunction, a normal digital rectal examination and a low or low-normal total serum testosterone level before initiating therapy. Testosterone replacement was discontinued if no subjective improvement in erectile function was obtained, or if prostate adenocarcinoma was suggested by digital rectal examination or PSA. Results: The mean increase in PSA after initiating testosterone replacement was 0.29 ng./ml. representing a mean change of 37% from baseline (mean interval 12.8 months). The mean PSA velocity was 0.05 ng./ml. per year. Pretreatment testosterone level, age and testosterone dose did not independently alter the PSA during testosterone replacement. Eleven men required prostate biopsies during treatment. Biopsies were indicated for abnormal digital rectal examination in 10 men and an elevated PSA in 1. All biopsies were benign. Conclusions: Parenteral testosterone replacement in hypogonadal men with normal pretreatment digital rectal examination and serum PSA levels does not alter PSA or PSA velocity beyond established nontreatment norms. Thus, any significant increase in PSA or PSA velocity should not be attributed to testosterone replacement therapy and should be evaluated. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Svetec, DA (reprint author), WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236, USA. NR 20 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 158 IS 5 BP 1775 EP 1777 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64126-0 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XZ996 UT WOS:A1997XZ99600039 PM 9334599 ER PT J AU Thompson, IM AF Thompson, IM TI Pretreatment prostate specific antigen doubling times: Use in patients before radical prostatectomy - Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,UROL SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 158 IS 5 BP 1878 EP 1879 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XZ996 UT WOS:A1997XZ99600068 ER PT J AU Hernandez, J Waguespack, RL Horton, M Rozanski, TA AF Hernandez, J Waguespack, RL Horton, M Rozanski, TA TI Acute urinary retention due to an iatrogenic bladder diverticulum SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urinary retention; bladder; diverticulum; laparoscopy C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Hernandez, J (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,UROL SURG SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 158 IS 5 BP 1907 EP 1907 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64168-5 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XZ996 UT WOS:A1997XZ99600081 PM 9334630 ER PT J AU Gillespie, DL Villavicencio, JL Gallagher, C Chang, A Hamelink, JK Fiala, LA ODonnell, SD Jackson, MR Pikoulis, E Rich, NM AF Gillespie, DL Villavicencio, JL Gallagher, C Chang, A Hamelink, JK Fiala, LA ODonnell, SD Jackson, MR Pikoulis, E Rich, NM TI Presentation and management of venous aneurysms SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Meeting of the American-Venous-Forum CY FEB 20-24, 1997 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP Amer Venous Forum ID RECURRENT PULMONARY EMBOLI; CYSTIC HYGROMA; VEIN ANEURYSM; CHILDREN; NECK AB Purpose: Venous aneurysms have been reported to occur in most major veins. These aneurysms may be misdiagnosed as soft tissue masses or as inguinal or femoral hernias. Venous aneurysms of the deep system have been associated with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). To more precisely characterize these lesions, we reviewed our experience with the disease. Methods: A retrospective analysis of our experience over 22 years was performed. The presentation and management of these lesions were reviewed and compared with the literature. Results: Thirty-nine venous aneurysms were reported in 30 patients. There were 14 men and 16 women. The patients' ages ranged from 3 to 75 years. Thirty aneurysms were located in the lower extremities, four in the upper extremity, and five in the internal jugular vein. Fifty-seven percent of lower extremity aneurysms occurred in the deep system. Patients' symptoms were a mass (75%) associated with pain (67%) and swelling (42%). Thromboembolism occurred in six patients, DVT in three, and PE in three. Eight of nine patients (89%) who had aneurysms of the superficial venous system had their condition misdiagnosed. Diagnosis was made by phlebography (60%), color now duplex scanning (27%), continuous-wave Doppler scanning (10%), or magnetic resonance imaging (10%). The aneurysm size ranged from 1.7 to 6.0 cm. Management consisted of tangential excision in five (17%), total excision in 23 (77%), and observation in seven (6%). Conclusions: Venous aneurysms are unusual vascular malformations that occur equally between the sexes and are seen at any age. Most patients have a painful mass of the extremity, and diagnosis is achieved by radiologic examination. Superficial venous aneurysms of the inguinal region are often misdiagnosed. Thromboembolism is more common in aneurysms involving the deep venous system. Because of their potential morbidity, management should be surgical in the majority of cases. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT SURG,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Gillespie, DL (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,VASC SURG SECT,WARD 64,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 32 TC 87 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 26 IS 5 BP 845 EP 852 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(97)70099-5 PG 8 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA YG666 UT WOS:A1997YG66600017 PM 9372824 ER PT J AU Ellis, BA Mills, JN Childs, JE Muzzini, MC McKee, KT Enria, DA Glass, GE AF Ellis, BA Mills, JN Childs, JE Muzzini, MC McKee, KT Enria, DA Glass, GE TI Structure and floristics of habitats associated with five rodent species in an agroecosystem in Central Argentina SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATE RAIN-FORESTS; SMALL-MAMMAL FAUNA; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; AKODON-AZARAE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; CALOMYS-MUSCULINUS; PAMPA REGION; SELECTION; CRICETIDAE; DENSITY AB Microhabitat use for five rodent species (Calomys musculinus, Calomys laucha, Akodon azarae, Oligoryzomys flavescens and Bolomys obscurus) inhabiting agroecosystems of the central Argentine pampa was investigated for 17 months at six mark-recapture grids. Thirteen vegetation variables were measured along 748 transects at trap stations where rodents were captured and 252 stations where no captures were made. Principal components analysis was used to describe physiognomic differences among crop and post-harvest habitats, as well as the less-disturbed borders of crop fields. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the significance of principal components in predicting the presence of rodent species. Associations of rodents with plant species in border habitats were explored with Two-Way-Indicator-Species Analysis and correspondence analysis. Aerial coverage by vegetation, as well as ground cover by litter, and graminoid species richness, were important variables in predicting the presence of all rodent species, except C. laucha. Vertical vegetation density and maximum height were also important in determining the presence of C. musculinus in soybean fields. Within border habitats, C. laucha was found in lower quality microhabitats (increased bare ground, decreased vegetative cover, and decreased vertical vegetation density) and was associated with the invasive, introduced grass, Cynodon dactylon. C. laucha was restricted to apparently sub-optimal areas within border habitats during periods of high rodent density. These data indicate subtle differences in rodent-plant associations among the members of the rodent assemblage and possible competitive exclusion of C. laucha from stable habitats. Calomys musculinus is the principal reservoir for Junin virus, aetiological agent of Argentine haemorrhagic fever. These results have practical implications in helping define the risk of human disease on a fine scale and provide a theoretical basis for reservoir control and risk reduction. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,US DEPT HHS,ATLANTA,GA. WOMACK ARMY MED CTR,COMMUNICABLE DIS UNIT,FT BRAGG,NC. INST NACL ENFERMEDADES VIRALES HUMANOS,PERGAMINO,ARGENTINA. RP Ellis, BA (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT MOL MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. RI Childs, James/B-4002-2012 NR 59 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0952-8369 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 243 BP 437 EP 460 PN 3 PG 24 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA YF448 UT WOS:A1997YF44800001 ER PT J AU Barth, J AF Barth, J TI Generation of wealth: Time-tested rules for worry free investing - Westheimer,J SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Barth, J (reprint author), US MIL ACAD LIB,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD NOV 1 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 18 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA YE205 UT WOS:A1997YE20500110 ER PT J AU VanBlaricum, V AF VanBlaricum, V TI U.S. Army considers remote monitoring systems for CP SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT News Item RP VanBlaricum, V (reprint author), CERL,POB 9005,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61826, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 36 IS 11 BP 24 EP 25 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA YD909 UT WOS:A1997YD90900006 ER PT J AU Myers, JM Brandt, HE AF Myers, JM Brandt, HE TI Converting a positive operator-valued measure to a design for a measuring instrument on the laboratory bench SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM; STATES AB A known positive operator-valued measure (POVM) describing a desired receiver of quantum light states is converted into a description of parts - including a prism, beam splitters and detectors - arranged to make a laboratory instrument. The conversion is made in two stages. The first is a transparent example of Neumark's theorem, in which a two-dimensional (non-projective) POVM is converted into a Hermitian operator on a space of three dimensions. The second uses a known factorization of the Hermitian operator into a product of simpler operators, each a conventional description of an optical component. If the components behave according to their conventional descriptions, the receiver behaves in accord with the given POVM. C1 USA, RES LAB, ADELPHI, MD 20783 USA. RP HARVARD UNIV, GORDON MCKAY LAB, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 IS 11 BP 1222 EP 1227 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/8/11/003 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA YE883 UT WOS:A1997YE88300003 ER PT J AU Jerant, AF Epperly, TD Marionneaux, RD AF Jerant, AF Epperly, TD Marionneaux, RD TI Medical support for Operation Cooperative Nugget '95: Joint readiness training in the post-Cold War era SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DESERT SHIELD; EXPERIENCE AB The purpose of this paper is to report the demographic characteristics, injury and illness profiles, and dispositions of patients seen at the 249th General Hospital during its month-long deployment in support of Operation Cooperative Nugget '95 at the Joint Readiness Training Center (JRTC), Fort Polk, Louisiana. A descriptive analysis of patient demographic, diagnostic, and disposition data was performed, A total of 769 patient contacts were made, with orthopedic injuries (31%), dermatologic disorders (17%), upper respiratory infections (6%), and heat injuries (5%) accounting for the majority of visits. Because of aggressive preventive medicine interventions, there were no cases of heat stroke despite daily heat indices of 110 to 120 degrees F, In addition to emphasizing the importance of anticipating environmental medical threats, the authors relate some lessons learned, which should be valuable to medical providers tasked for future multinational operations other than war at the JRTC and elsewhere. RP Jerant, AF (reprint author), EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT FAMILY & COMMUNITY MED,FT GORDON,GA 30905, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 162 IS 11 BP 720 EP 725 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YD465 UT WOS:A1997YD46500005 PM 9358716 ER PT J AU Manganaro, AM AF Manganaro, AM TI Review of the idiopathic bone cavity of the jaws SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID CYST RP Manganaro, AM (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,HOSP DENT CLIN ORAL SURG,3851 ROGER BROOKE DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 162 IS 11 BP 734 EP 736 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YD465 UT WOS:A1997YD46500008 PM 9358719 ER PT J AU Stuart, JA Halverson, RR AF Stuart, JA Halverson, RR TI The psychological status of US Army soldiers during recent military operations SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BRIEF-SYMPTOM-INVENTORY; GULF-WAR; COMMUNITY NORMS; BSI AB This study compared general psychological symptoms measures on all Brief Symptom Inventory symptom dimensions and the Global Severity Index from samples of deployed and nondeployed U.S. Army soldiers. Psychological symptom measures were taken from samples of soldiers during deployment to operations in the Persian Gulf, Somalia, Kuwait, Haiti, and Bosnia, The purpose of this study was to determine whether deployment and gender had an effect on levels of symptom measures. Results indicated that soldiers who deployed to the Persian Gulf, Somalia, and Bosnia had significantly elevated measures of general psychological distress compared with nondeployed soldiers, Gender difference had little to no effect on reported symptom measures among deployed soldier samples. All female soldiers, whether deployed or not, had elevated measures of interpersonal sensitivity and somatization symptoms. Further research is warranted to address which factors, to include yet not be limited to mission, life events-related, and physical symptoms,may relate to why some deployments are more stressful than others on Army soldiers. RP Stuart, JA (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT MIL PSYCHIAT,DIV NEUROPSYCHIAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 162 IS 11 BP 737 EP 743 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YD465 UT WOS:A1997YD46500009 PM 9358720 ER PT J AU Anderson, CA Humphrey, WT AF Anderson, CA Humphrey, WT TI Contrast radiography in small bowel obstruction: A prospective, randomized trial SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GASTROINTESTINAL CONTRAST AB Small bowel obstruction is a common cause of acute abdominal distress, accounting for up to 20% of emergency admissions to surgical services, Although the majority of obstructions will resolve with conservative therapy alone, there are currently no reliable tests for identifying the patients who will require operation, Barium contrast studies have the potential to rapidly identify patients with complete small bowel obstruction, but many surgeons are hesitant to use them for fear of inducing complications, We report the results of a randomized, prospective trial comparing immediate oral barium contrast studies with plain abdominal X-rays in patients presenting with signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction, End points included time to resolution of the symptoms or operation, total number of hospital days, and morbidity, Sixty-four patients completed the study; of these, 23 received contrast studies and 41 had plain radiographs only, Six of the contrast group (26%) and 11 of the plain radiograph group (27%) ultimately went to operation. Barium contrast studies had a sensitivity of 100% for diagnosing complete obstruction, whereas the sensitivity of serial plain radiographs was only 82%, Among those going to operation, the time from admission to operation was 8.2 hours in the contrast group and 12.4 hours in the plain radiograph group, but this result did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.25), Total hospital days were similar between the two groups (8 vs, 12 days, p = 0.40), There were no complications resulting from the oral administration of barium, Small bowel contrast studies using barium are safe and may shorten the time to operation in patients presenting with signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction. RP Anderson, CA (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,GEN SURG SERV,1 JARRETT WHITE RD,TRIPLER AMC,HI 96859, USA. NR 14 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 162 IS 11 BP 749 EP 752 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YD465 UT WOS:A1997YD46500011 PM 9358722 ER PT J AU White, JW AF White, JW TI Therapeutic intervention on four paws SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP White, JW (reprint author), USAF,FT BRAGG,NC, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 162 IS 11 BP R3 EP & PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YD465 UT WOS:A1997YD46500002 PM 9358713 ER PT J AU Shields, DJ Byrd, JC Abbondanzo, SL Lichy, JH Diehl, LF Aguilera, NI AF Shields, DJ Byrd, JC Abbondanzo, SL Lichy, JH Diehl, LF Aguilera, NI TI Detection of Epstein-Barr virus in transformations of low-grade B-cell lymphomas after fludarabine treatment SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epstein-Barr virus; fludarabine; Hodgkin's-like transformation; low-grade B-cell lymphoma ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; POSTTRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; STERNBERG-LIKE CELLS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RICHTERS-SYNDROME; METHOTREXATE THERAPY; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; COMPOSITE LYMPHOMA; PARAFFIN SECTIONS AB Fludarabine is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent for chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma and is also active in other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, Although highly efficacious in destroying the malignant B-cells, fludarabine also causes T-cell lymphopenia and immunosuppression. We present five patients given fludarabine for low-grade B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders who showed transformation of the primary neoplasm to a higher grade tumor. Immunohistologic antibody studies were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the initial tissue (when available) and on the follow-up biopsy specimens for CD20, CD3, CD45RO, CD43, CD30, CD15, and latent membrane protein (LMP-1) for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), The initial diagnoses in these five patients included chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (three cases), follicle center lymphoma (one case), and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (one case). All of the follow-up biopsy specimens showed scattered Hodgkin's-like cells, and two of the five also showed foci of large-cell transformation, The Hodgkin's-like cells showed CD30 immunoreactivity in four of the five cases and CD15 immunoreactivity in three of the five. Strong immunoreactivity of the large, atypical, Hodgkin's-like cells for LMP-1 of EBV was noted in four cases; in the remaining case, this finding was equivocal, In situ hybridization for EBV-encoded RNA was positive in four of the five cases. Molecular studies by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed the presence of EBV in three of the five cases, PCR for detection of immunoglobulin heavy chain demonstrated identical monoclonal rearrangements in the original lymphoma and transformation in one case with available material. The CD4 lymphocyte count in each patient was less than 550/mu L, indicating cellular dysfunction, Transformation of low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas after fludarabine therapy might be associated with EBV and severe immunosuppression. C1 ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT HEMATOL & LYMPHAT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DIV MOL PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 52 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 10 IS 11 BP 1151 EP 1159 PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA YF284 UT WOS:A1997YF28400013 PM 9388067 ER PT J AU You, Y Zhang, X Das, R Jett, M AF You, Y Zhang, X Das, R Jett, M TI Cell cycle effects of mammary derived growth inhibitor in MDGI gene transfected breast cancer cells SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09600087 ER PT J AU Werrlein, RJ MadrenWhalley, JS AF Werrlein, RJ MadrenWhalley, JS TI Keratin 14 is a target of sulfur mustard, an epidermal blistering agent. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 365 EP 365 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09600364 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG AF Kiang, JG TI Corticotropin-releasing factor, sauvagine, and urotensin I induce tyrosine phosphorylation in human epidermoid A-431 cells. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,DIV MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 752 EP 752 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09600752 ER PT J AU Burrous, MJ Nam, EJ Kanesathasan, N AF Burrous, MJ Nam, EJ Kanesathasan, N TI Dengue virus (DV) infection induces endothelial cell activation. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT VIRUS DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 1328 EP 1328 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09601326 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T Buckley, MB AF Krakauer, T Buckley, MB TI Evidence for protein kinase C pathway in the response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to cholera toxin. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 1462 EP 1462 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09601459 ER PT J AU Ding, XZ Tsokos, GC Kiang, JG AF Ding, XZ Tsokos, GC Kiang, JG TI Characterization of novel nuclear proteins binding downstream of the transcription start site on HSP-70 gene in human epidermoid A-431 cells. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 1809 EP 1809 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09601804 ER PT J AU Mendis, C Das, R Yang, D Jett, M AF Mendis, C Das, R Yang, D Jett, M TI Effect of staphylococcal aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) on stress induced signal transduction pathway in human lymphoid system. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 2088 EP 2088 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09602084 ER PT J AU Gilligan, GR Mata, JR Matylevitch, NP Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Gilligan, GR Mata, JR Matylevitch, NP Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI The role of hsp 70, c-fos, bcl-2, p53 and NF-kappa B in apoptosis following thermal injury SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 2119 EP 2119 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09602112 ER PT J AU Matylevitch, NP Mata, JR Gilligan, JR Schuschereba, ST Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD AF Matylevitch, NP Mata, JR Gilligan, JR Schuschereba, ST Goodwin, CW Bowman, PD TI Discrimination between apoptosis and accidental cell death with the TUNEL assay and viability staining in cultured human keratinocytes and skin after UVB irradiation. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 2120 EP 2120 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09602115 ER PT J AU Rothwell, SW McCrea, CR Jo, VY Alving, CR Rao, M AF Rothwell, SW McCrea, CR Jo, VY Alving, CR Rao, M TI Tracking liposome-encapsulated antigens in murine macrophages containing GFP-labeled organelles. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT HEMATOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT MEMBRANE BIOCHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP 2349 EP 2349 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA YF096 UT WOS:A1997YF09602345 ER PT J AU Hebert, MA Evenson, AR Saxena, H Saviolakis, G Meyerhoff, JL AF Hebert, MA Evenson, AR Saxena, H Saviolakis, G Meyerhoff, JL TI Behavior tests for social and non-social consequences of defeat in mice SO NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV MED NEUROSCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0149-7634 J9 NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R JI Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 21 IS 6 BP 811 EP 811 PG 1 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA YK344 UT WOS:A1997YK34400013 ER PT J AU Schomer, P AF Schomer, P TI Technical note: Evaluation of a re-analysis of the relationship between the results obtained in laboratory and field studies on the annoyance caused by high-energy impulsive sounds SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NOISE AB In 1994, Schemer [Noise Control Eng. J. 42(5), 179-191 (3.994)] showed that the annoyance caused by high-energy impulsive sound increases more rapidly with sound level than does the annoyance caused by vehicle passby sound, and he proposed a new method for assessment of this impulsive sound, The National Research Council (NRC) has reported on the assessment of high-energy impulsive sound, and it has included the method proposed by Schemer as one of two recommended methods, This method has been incorporated into a new American National Standard, The method is based primarily on field-laboratory studies, and it uses a non-constant adjustment that is made to the sound exposure level (SEL), not to the equivalent level, Because this new method represented quite a departure from traditional practice, many sources of relevant data in addition to the field-laboratory data were examined, These sources included an approximate re-analysis of old attitudinal survey data from Ft, Bragg and Ft, Lewis for which the original operational data were lost. The purpose in using these approximate attitudinal survey data was to show that a non-constant adjustment to SEL also was plausible on the basis of just those attitudinal survey data, Vos has used these approximate attitudinal survey data as absolute and has developed a revised means to relate blast sounds to equivalently annoying wheeled vehicle sounds, This paper examines the analysis by Vos [Noise Control Eng, J. 45(3), 123-131 (1997)] and provides alternative interpretations to his analysis, It shows that Vos's analysis inappropriately treats approximate data as exact and absolute, Further, Vos's analysis uses populations where the percent highly annoyed is very small and hence, less stable, and it ignores some of the attitudinal survey data. (C) 1997 Institute of Noise Control Engineering. C1 USA, Construct Engn Res Labs, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Schomer, P (reprint author), USA, Construct Engn Res Labs, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENG PI POUGHKEEPSIE PA PO BOX 3206 ARLINGTON BRANCH, POUGHKEEPSIE, NY 12603 USA SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 45 IS 6 BP 251 EP 255 DI 10.3397/1.2828447 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA YR802 UT WOS:000071531700004 ER PT J AU Smith, JA Ballard, JR Pedelty, JA AF Smith, JA Ballard, JR Pedelty, JA TI Effect of three-dimensional canopy architecture on thermal infrared exitance SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE thermal infrared; canopy model; brightness temperature; directional exitance; surface flux ID MODEL; SURFACE; TEMPERATURE; EMISSIVITY AB We present a theoretical study of the effects of three-dimensional canopy structure on directional thermal infrared exitance. A physics-based model employing steady-state energy budget formulations is used to compute scene element temperatures. Two approaches are then used to combine soil and vegetation contributions to the composite scene response. One method uses a plane-parallel abstraction of canopy architecture to estimate canopy view factors for weighting of soil and vegetation emission terms. The second approach employs computer graphics and rendering techniques to estimate 3-D canopy view factors and scene shadows. Both approaches are applied to a test agricultural scene and compared with available measurements. The models correctly estimate hemispherically averaged thermal infrared exitance to within experimental error with root-mean-square errors of 15.3 W m(-2) for the I-D model and 12.5 W m(-2) for the 3-D model. However, the I-D model systematically underestimates exitance at high sun angles. Explicit modeling of canopy 3-D row structure indicates potential directional anisotropy in brightness temperature of up to 14 degrees C. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ENVIRONM LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,BIOSPHER SCI BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP Smith, JA (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,TERR PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 36 IS 11 BP 3093 EP 3100 DI 10.1117/1.601527 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA YF405 UT WOS:A1997YF40500019 ER PT J AU Syms, CA Syms, MJ Murphy, TP Massey, SO AF Syms, CA Syms, MJ Murphy, TP Massey, SO TI Cerebrospinal fluid fistulae in a canine model SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 18-21, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID MANAGEMENT; RHINORRHEA; DIAGNOSIS AB Various diagnostic techniques currently are used to detect the presence of a cerebrospinal fluid fistula. High resolution computerized tomography scanning with the Instillation of an intrathecal nonionic contrast medium yields the most accurate diagnostic results. Occasionally, even with optimal conditions, little information is gained other than the confirmation of the presence of a fistula. Intrathecal fluorescein can provide accurate information on the exact location of the fistula. The current study was designed to refine the clinical examination for cerebrospinal fluid fistulae with the use of intrathecal fluorescein. The canine model that we used also served as a vehicle to investigate the histopathologic effects of fluorescein on the central nervous system. We modified a commonly used xenon light source to enable examination with 490 nm light. In the canine model, this allowed accurate visualization of surgically created fistulae using very low doses of intrathecal fluorescein. An examination of the histopathologic features of the central nervous system of the canine model after acute instillation of a higher dose of fluorescein revealed microscopic changes consistent with the introduction of an irritant material. The changes induced by the chemical trauma may explain the serious neurologic sequelae sometimes seen in patients after the instillation of intrathecal fluorescein. Recommendations on the correct dosage of intrathecal fluorescein for diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid fistulae are proposed. C1 TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG SERV,HONOLULU,HI 96859. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 117 IS 5 BP 542 EP 546 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70028-7 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA YF816 UT WOS:A1997YF81600020 PM 9374181 ER PT J AU Coots, NV Elston, DM AF Coots, NV Elston, DM TI Rorschach inkblot port-wine stain SO PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WEBER AB We present an infant born with bilaterally symmetric, anterior and posterior port-wine stains. These lesions presented a striking resemblance to Rorschach inkblots, a phenomenon not previously reported. A discussion of the case as well as a discussion of syndromes associated with port-wine stains is provided. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dermatol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Coots, NV (reprint author), 67th Combat Support Hosp, Unit 26610, Box 480, APO, AE 09244 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0736-8046 J9 PEDIATR DERMATOL JI Pediatr. Dermatol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 14 IS 6 BP 466 EP 469 DI 10.1111/j.1525-1470.1997.tb00692.x PG 4 WC Dermatology; Pediatrics SC Dermatology; Pediatrics GA YM042 UT WOS:000071022100013 PM 9436847 ER PT J AU Galbicka, G Smurthwaite, S Riggs, R Tang, LW AF Galbicka, G Smurthwaite, S Riggs, R Tang, LW TI Daily rhythms in a complex operant: Targeted percentile shaping of run lengths in rats SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE response number; differentiation; percentile schedules; accuracy; output; rats ID RESPONSE-REINFORCER CONTINGENCY; CLOSED ECONOMY; D-AMPHETAMINE; SCHEDULES; COST; FOOD; ACQUISITION; BEHAVIOR AB Daily rhythms in response output and accuracy were examined when reinforcement for a complex operant was uncoupled from accuracy of performance. Rats housed in operant conditioning chambers earned their daily ration of food under a targeted percentile procedure for responding on two levers. The targeted pattern was a series of consecutive responses on the left lever (a ''run''), followed by a single response on the right lever. The targeted run length was either ''0'' (i.e., undefined, under the nondifferential baseline), 6, 12 or 24. Under baseline, a random third of all trials ended in pellet delivery; under the percentile conditions, trials with runs closer to the target than two-thirds of the runs from the most recent 24 trials ended in pellet delivery. This contingency shaped run lengths while ensuring that approximately one-third of all trials produced pellets. Responding tracked the target value well, with mean obtained run lengths equal to 90% of the target or better. Daily rhythms were clearly evident in measures of overall output, with subjects responding primarily 3-7 h into the dark period. The only substantial light-period responding observed in all subjects occurred during the 2 h after noon, when the chambers were serviced. No systematic variation in this pattern was observed as a function of target. Run length was much less variable across the daily cycle than was response output, with only a suggestion under the longest target that response accuracy was lower during periods removed from the period of peak activity. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. RP Galbicka, G (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV NEUROSCI,DEPT NEUROBEHAV ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 62 IS 5 BP 1165 EP 1169 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(97)00350-8 PG 5 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA XY312 UT WOS:A1997XY31200030 PM 9333214 ER PT J AU Barillo, DJ Harvey, KD Hobbs, CL Mozingo, DW Cioffi, WG Pruitt, BA AF Barillo, DJ Harvey, KD Hobbs, CL Mozingo, DW Cioffi, WG Pruitt, BA TI Prospective outcome analysis of a protocol for the surgical and rehabilitative management of burns to the hands SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the American-Burn-Association CY MAR 14-17, 1996 CL NASHVILLE, TN SP Amer Burn Assoc ID EXCISION AB Treatment protocols for the management of burned hands are essential for integrating team efforts and achieving optimal functional results. Standard protocols are especially useful during mass casualty incidents, when the admission of multiple patients with large burns and/or associated injuries may reduce the priority usually accorded the hands. We prospectively evaluated a surgical and rehahilitative treatment protocol for burned hands during a mass casualty incident, after which 43 burn patients with 82 burned hands were admitted to one burn center. Soft-tissue management was individualized to achieve, if possible, wound closure within 14 days, and included the use of topical antimicrobials, cutaneous debridement and/or tangential excision, biologic dressings, and split-thickness autografts. Range of motion therapy was based on daily measurement of active motion of the metacarpophalangeal joints. Static splinting alternating with continuous passive motion every 4 hours was utilized for sedated patients. Continuous passive motion alternating with active ranging and night splinting was utilized for metacarpophalangeal flexion <70 degrees. Active ranging and progressive resistance was utilized for metacarpophalangeal flexion greater than or equal to 70 degrees. Sixty-four hands required excision and grafting, with SS percent having at least one autografting procedure corn pleted by postburn day 16. Total active motion of the hands treated averaged 220.6 degrees on discharge and 229.9 degrees at 3 months alter injury. Mean hand grip strength was 60.8 pounds at discharge and 66.0 pounds at 3 months after injury. Adherence to a standard hand burn protocol resulted in timely wound coverage and recovery of hand function for a large group of patients treated at a single burn facility after a mass casualty incident. RP Barillo, DJ (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 31 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 100 IS 6 BP 1442 EP 1451 DI 10.1097/00006534-199711000-00010 PG 10 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA YH204 UT WOS:A1997YH20400010 PM 9385955 ER PT J AU Thompson, IM Coltman, CA Crowley, J AF Thompson, IM Coltman, CA Crowley, J TI Chemoprevention of prostate cancer: The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial SO PROSTATE LA English DT Editorial Material DE prostate neoplasms; chemoprevention; finasteride ID UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; ANTIGEN; MEN AB BACKGROUND. A variety of innovative approaches to the prevention of prostate cancer are now available, including selenium, alpha tocopherol, dietary interventions, and vitamin D. Perhaps the most promising opportunity is based upon considerable evidence that cumulative androgen exposure of the prostate contributes to the age-related risk of prostate cancer. METHODS. The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial has completed randomization of over 18,000 healthy men to either finasteride or placebo. CONCLUSIONS. While the primary objective of this study is to determine whether finasteride can reduce the period prevalence of prostate cancer over a 7-year period, the biologic and data resources of this study will provide multiple opportunities to better understand this most common cancer in U.S. men. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 SW ONCOL GRP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78229. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98104. RP Thompson, IM (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,3851 ROGER BROOKE DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234, USA. NR 26 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD NOV 1 PY 1997 VL 33 IS 3 BP 217 EP 221 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0045(19971101)33:3<217::AID-PROS11>3.0.CO;2-N PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA YE723 UT WOS:A1997YE72300011 PM 9365551 ER PT J AU Kuzma, PJ Kline, MD Calkins, MD Staats, PS AF Kuzma, PJ Kline, MD Calkins, MD Staats, PS TI Progress in the development of ultra-long-acting local anesthetics SO REGIONAL ANESTHESIA LA English DT Article DE local anesthetics; polymers; liposomes ID LECITHIN-COATED MICRODROPLETS; LIPID DRUG CARRIER; EPIDURAL-ANESTHESIA; SPINAL-ANESTHESIA; NERVE BLOCK; DURATION; PROLONGATION; TETRACAINE; BUPIVACAINE; LIDOCAINE AB Background and Objectives. Local anesthetic agents with a duration of action longer than the currently available local anesthetics could have widespread clinical application for the treatment of both chronic and acute pain. Over the last several decades, several different approaches have been used in the development of ultra-long-acting agents. There are currently promising preparations in development which may prove clinically useful in the near future. Methods. A Medline search was conducted for relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 1971 and 1996. Investigations related to prolongation of the effect of local anesthetics either by alterations in the local anesthetic molecule, use of new or novel agents, or use of new delivery systems were reviewed. In addition, bibliographies of relevant articles were searched to capture any articles that were missed by the Medline search. Results. Over the last several decades, numerous attempts have been made to prolong the duration of action of local anesthetics. Initially research focused on alterations in the local anesthetic molecule or the identification of new agents with local anesthetic action. Recently, the focus of much of the work has shifted to new drug-delivery systems such as polymers and liposomes. Conclusions. Although encouraging results have been reported in the literature, there is currently no agent or delivery system that has shown reliable and practical prolongation of local anesthetic effect in humans. There have been several encouraging reports in animals that have shown local anesthetic effects lasting up to several days, bur these results must be validated and then performed in human studies before a clinically useful agent is found. Further research is warranted. RP Kuzma, PJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ANESTHESIA & OPERAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 38 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0146-521X J9 REGION ANESTH JI Reg. Anesth. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 22 IS 6 BP 543 EP 551 PG 9 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA YK768 UT WOS:A1997YK76800009 PM 9425971 ER PT J AU Sayson, SC Ramamurthy, S Hoffman, J AF Sayson, SC Ramamurthy, S Hoffman, J TI Incidence of genitofemoral nerve block during lumbar sympathetic block: Comparison of two lumbar injection sites SO REGIONAL ANESTHESIA LA English DT Article DE lumbar sympathetic block; sympathectomy; complications; genitofemoral nerve; bupivacaine ID PAIN AB Background and Objectives. Genitofemoral nerve (GFN) block is a known side effect of a lumbar sympathetic block (LSB), although the incidence has not been well documented. Furthermore, genitofemoral neuralgia can occur following neurolytic LSB (1). Because the level at which the GFN exits the psoas sheath varies, this study was designed to identify differences in the incidence of GFN block following LSB at the level of the second versus the fourth lumbar vertebrae. Methods. Patients requiring LSB to evaluate chronic lower extremity pain were prospectively studied. Patients were injected at the second lumbar (L2 group) or fourth lumbar (L4 group) vertebral body depending on the location of the pain syndrome in the lower extremity. Lumbar sympathetic blocks were performed using 10 mL of a 0.5% bupivacaine solution with radiocontrast; spread of injectate was verified using fluoroscopy. An observer evaluating for presence of GFN block was blinded to the lumbar level of injection. Results. Thirty patients were enrolled (L2 group, n = 15; L4 group, n = 15). Spread of local anesthetic/radiocontrast solution was limited to approximately one vertebral body above and one below the target level. There was no difference in the ability to achieve a LSB; success rates were 66% and 73% using L2 and L4, respectively. The incidence of GFN block was 0% (0/15) in the L2 group versus 40% (6/15) in the L4 group; this was statistically significant (P = .017, Fisher's exact test). Conclusions. The GFN is less likely to be blocked when the LSB is performed near the second lumbar vertebra as compared with the fourth lumbar vertebra. RP Sayson, SC (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,ANESTHESIA & OPERAT SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0146-521X J9 REGION ANESTH JI Reg. Anesth. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 22 IS 6 BP 569 EP 574 PG 6 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA YK768 UT WOS:A1997YK76800013 PM 9425975 ER PT J AU Biedenharn, DS Watson, CC AF Biedenharn, DS Watson, CC TI Stage adjustment in the Lower Mississippi River, USA SO REGULATED RIVERS-RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE specific gauge; aggradation; degradation; dynamic equilibrium; cut-offs; Mississippi River AB This study documents the stage adjustments in the Lower Mississippi River during the pre-cut-off(1880s-1930s), and post-cut-off (1943-1994) periods. The study reach extends from Columbus, Kentucky, just downstream of Cairo, Illinois, to Natchez, Mississippi, a distance of about 970 km. The analysis shows that the majority of the pre-cut-off study reach was not undergoing any significant system instability such as channel aggradation or degradation, and, therefore can be considered to have been in a state of dynamic equilibrium during this period. However, the analysis did show that the upper portion of the study reach in the vicinity of Columbus was undergoing a significant aggradational trend during this period. Specific gauge records and peak stage-peak discharge plots for the time period 1950-1994 were analysed to document stage adjustments and to divide the river into the following seven reaches based on observed stability: Columbus to New Madrid (dynamic equilibrium); New Madrid to Fulton (transitional/dynamic equilibrium); Fulton to Sunflower (degradational); Sunflower to Rosedale (transitional); Rosedale to Lake Providence (dynamic equilibrium); Lake Providence to Vicksburg (transitional); and Vicksburg to Natchez (aggradational). Thus, the entire Mississippi River, between Natchez and Columbus is responding in a manner similar to the response of a stream to a single cut-off as described by Lane (1947). Recognition of this evolutionary trend is a first step in developing a comprehensive understanding of this complex system, and will help the engineers and scientists of the US Army Corps of Engineers to develop management strategies for the Mississippi River in the long and short term. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Biedenharn, DS (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 15 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0886-9375 J9 REGUL RIVER JI Regul. Rivers-Res. Manage. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 13 IS 6 BP 517 EP 536 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1646(199711/12)13:6<517::AID-RRR482>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA YY090 UT WOS:000072111400004 ER PT J AU Gurton, KP Bruce, CW AF Gurton, KP Bruce, CW TI Development of a calorimetric technique for measuring absorption cross section of rigid bodies - Case study: Carbon fiber SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID FINITE WIRES; SCATTERING AB A balanced calorimetric device has been developed to measure the absorption cross section of a single macroscopic sized particle (in this case a carbon fiber) at a microwave frequency of 35 GHz, as a function of size and orientation with respect to the electric field. The technique used is based on simple thermodynamic principles that relate the electromagnetic absorption of a particle to its thermal response. A single particle is irradiated in a fixed volume of gas by an approximate plane wave. Absorption by the particle results in a change in the ambient pressure that is proportional to the absorption cross section of the particle. Comparison of measured quantities with recently developed theory agree well. [S0034-6748(97)04111-7]. C1 USA,RES LAB,WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE,NM. RP Gurton, KP (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,HARRY DIAMOND RES CTR,AMSRL IS ES,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 68 IS 11 BP 4084 EP 4089 DI 10.1063/1.1148388 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA YG093 UT WOS:A1997YG09300020 ER PT J AU Murr, LE Garcia, EP Rivas, JM Huang, W Grace, FI Rupert, NL AF Murr, LE Garcia, EP Rivas, JM Huang, W Grace, FI Rupert, NL TI Ballistic penetration in thick copper plates: Microstructural characterization SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID CRATER C1 USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. RP Murr, LE (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT MET & MAT ENGN,EL PASO,TX 79968, USA. OI Murr, Lawrence/0000-0001-5942-8376 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD NOV 1 PY 1997 VL 37 IS 9 BP 1329 EP 1335 DI 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00267-4 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YA841 UT WOS:A1997YA84100010 ER PT J AU Marion, GM Farren, RE AF Marion, GM Farren, RE TI Gypsum solubility at subzero temperatures SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-EQUILIBRIUM MODEL; MINERAL SOLUBILITIES; NATURAL-WATERS; EVAPORITE MINERALOGY; SYSTEM; 25-DEGREES-C; PREDICTION; SEAWATER; BRINES AB Gypsum is an important mineral in many terrestrial and marine environments. Despite numerous studies that estimated the gypsum solubility product at temperatures greater than or equal to 0 degrees C, there are no estimates at temperatures <0 degrees C. The objectives of this study were to estimate, for the temperature range from -25 to 25 degrees C: (i) the gypsum solubility product and (ii) the Fitter-equation parameters needed to define Ca-SO4 interactions to high solute concentrations (ionic strengths >10 M). The gypsum solubility product was extrapolated to subzero temperatures by integrating the van't Hoff equation using a published equation for the standard enthalpy of reaction for gypsum. A least-squares regression technique was developed to estimate eight temperature-dependent Fitter-equation parameters that describe ion interactions among Ca, SO4, Na, and CI, The calculated Fitter-equation parameters were in reasonable agreement with published values. Calculated gypsum activity products were independent of ionic strength to concentrations >17 M, The resulting Fitter-equation parameters coupled with gypsum solubility data fit the theoretical gypsum solubility product equation reasonably well. The calculated eutectic concentration and temperature for a pure gypsum solution are 0.01293 M and -0.06 degrees C. Gypsum is a common mineral in many cold region soils, According to the current paradigm for seawater freezing, sulfate should exclusively precipitate as mirabilite; however, there is evidence that gypsum ran also precipitate during seawater freezing, The parameters developed in this study will allow, for the first time, the theoretical exploration of mechanisms such as freezing on gypsum geochemistry. RP Marion, GM (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD NOV-DEC PY 1997 VL 61 IS 6 BP 1666 EP 1671 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA YK301 UT WOS:A1997YK30100018 ER PT J AU Kroenke, K Omori, DM Landry, FJ Lucey, CR AF Kroenke, K Omori, DM Landry, FJ Lucey, CR TI Bedside teaching SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-EXPERIENCE; ATTENDING ROUNDS; PHYSICIAN; PATIENT; WARDS AB Background. Clinical teachers have been exhorted to ''return to the bedside'' so that the three critical parties-teacher, trainee, and patient-can participate together in the educational encounter The presence of the patient is deemed essential for the optimal demonstration and observation of physical examination, medical interviewing, and interpersonal skills, as well as role-modeling professional and humanistic behavior. Methods. This essay reviews the challenges inherent in bedside teaching and proposes strategies to enhance both the effectiveness and efficiency of such teaching. Results. Practical suggestions are provided regarding teaching issues (time constraints, group accommodation, selectivity, demonstration, observation, case presentations), learning climate for both teacher and learners, hospital and patient barriers, and selected other issues. Conclusions. Despite changes in the clinical setting and financing of medical education, patient-centered teaching will remain essential to the training of future clinicians. Techniques described in this paper can be useful in facilitating such bedside teaching. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WASHINGTON HOSP CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. UNIV VERMONT,DEPT MED,BURLINGTON,VT. NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 90 IS 11 BP 1069 EP 1074 DI 10.1097/00007611-199711000-00002 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YG335 UT WOS:A1997YG33500002 PM 9386044 ER PT J AU Patterson, P Lum, W AF Patterson, P Lum, W TI FT-IR characterization of chemical agent resistant coatings durability using disposable IR cards SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article C1 USA,RES LAB,POLYMER RES BRANCH,AMSRL WM MA,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY JI Spectroscopy PD NOV PY 1997 VL 12 IS 9 BP 48 EP 50 PG 3 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA YG856 UT WOS:A1997YG85600008 ER PT J AU Optenberg, SA Clark, JY Brawer, MK Thompson, IM Stein, CR Friedrichs, P AF Optenberg, SA Clark, JY Brawer, MK Thompson, IM Stein, CR Friedrichs, P TI Development of a decision-making tool to predict risk of prostate cancer: The Cancer of the Prostate Risk Index (CAPRI) test SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 92nd Annual Meeting of the American-Urological-Association CY APR 12-17, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Amer Urolog Assoc ID DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION; REFERENCE RANGES; UNITED-STATES; ANTIGEN; MEN; CARCINOMA; DIAGNOSIS; BLACK; RACE; OLD AB Objectives. To provide a simple and reliable clinical prediction for an individual patient's overall risk of cancer at biopsy by deriving an easily implemented test based on a generalizable model. Four variables are analyzed for inclusion in the model: prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, digital rectal examination (DRE) results, race, and age. Methods. Two populations were used to develop and validate the test: a model (n = 633) and an independent, geographically separate, external population (n = 766). Pathology records for patients who underwent prostate biopsy between 1991 and 1995 were reviewed and screened for the presence of PSA and DRE results. Records where age and race could be determined were extracted. Multiple logistic regression was used with an iterative approach to optimize each test factor. The Wald chi-square test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and Hosmer-Lemingshaw test were used to evaluate the model's predictive capability in the two populations. Results. The model and external populations were significantly different for racial mix, PSA level, age, and biopsy detection rate, providing diverse populations to validate the test. Within a combined model, PSA, DRE, race, and age all demonstrated independent capability to predict cancer at biopsy. Predictive power of the overall test was high within the model population (ROC 80.8%), with minimal loss of power in the external population. The test demonstrated no significant lack of fit in either population. Conclusions. Within a combined test, PSA, DRE, race, and age all contribute significantly to prediction of prostate cancer at biopsy in an individual patient. The test depicts individual risk in an easily understood, visually provocative manner and should assist the clinician and patient in reaching a decision as to whether biopsy is appropriate. C1 WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,DEPT UROL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78236. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT UROL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Optenberg, SA (reprint author), USA,MED DEPT CTR & SCH,CTR HEALTHCARE EDUC & STUDIES,1608 STANLEY RD,BLDG 2268,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. OI Clark, Joseph/0000-0002-3817-4343 NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD NOV PY 1997 VL 50 IS 5 BP 665 EP 672 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(97)00451-2 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA YG346 UT WOS:A1997YG34600002 PM 9372872 ER PT J AU Waag, DM England, MJ Pitt, MLM AF Waag, DM England, MJ Pitt, MLM TI Comparative efficacy of a Coxiella burnetii chloroform:methanol residue (CMR) vaccine and a licensed cellular vaccine (Q-Vax) in rodents challenged by aerosol SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE C-burnetii vaccine; Q fever; vaccine efficacy ID Q-FEVER; PHASE-I; GUINEA-PIGS; SCN MICE; IMMUNITY AB Q fever is an acute and self-limited febrile illness caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. While phase I cellular Q fever vaccines are efficacious in humans, vaccination of immune individuals may result in sterile abscesses and granulomas. The chloroform:methanol residue vaccine (CMR) was developed as a safer alternative. The efficacy of a licensed phase I cellular vaccine (Q-Vax) was compared with that of CMR vaccine in A/J mice and Hartley guinea pigs challenged with virulent phase I C. burnetii by aerosol. Both vaccines were efficacious. The CMR vaccine dose required to protect 50% of mice (PD50) against lethal aerosol challenge (11 LD50) was one-third of the Q-Vax dose. However, the PD50 for CMR was four times the Q-Vax dose in guinea pigs challenged by aerosol (60 LD50). It was concluded that CMR is an efficacious alternative to cellular Q fever vaccines for the prevention of Q fever. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Waag, DM (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FT DETRICK,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 26 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV PY 1997 VL 15 IS 16 BP 1779 EP 1783 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00107-2 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA YC007 UT WOS:A1997YC00700014 PM 9364683 ER PT J AU Gouvea, V Snellings, N Cohen, SJ Warren, RL Myint, KSA Shrestha, MP Vaughn, DW Hoke, CH Innis, BL AF Gouvea, V Snellings, N Cohen, SJ Warren, RL Myint, KSA Shrestha, MP Vaughn, DW Hoke, CH Innis, BL TI Hepatitis E virus in Nepal: similarities with the Burmese and Indian variants SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hepatitis E; HEV; Nepal; genetic relatedness; Burmese-Indian subgenotype ID NON-B HEPATITIS; TRANSMITTED NON-A; GENE STRUCTURE; SEQUENCE; CLONING; REGION; STRAIN; CHINA; HEV; TRANSMISSION AB Hepatitis E has been the predominant type of acute hepatitis in Nepal both in adults and children, in sporadic and epidemic forms. We examined six hepatitis E Virus (HEV) isolates obtained during an 8-year period, from 1987 to 1995, in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal. Analysis of portions of the putative helicase, polymerase and capsid genes demonstrated close genetic relatedness among themselves (> 96.4% identity) and with the Burmese (> 95.5%) and Indian (> 95.3%) isolates, and less so with the African (> 94.4%) and the Chinese (> 91%) isolates within the Asian genotype. Phylogenetic analysis placed the Nepali isolates in the Burma-India evolutionary branch and showed that the oldest isolate, TK78/87 was more similar to the Burmese isolates whereas the most recent isolates were closer to the Indian ones. Assuming no frameshifts, the Nepali isolates showed high amino acid conservation, but also unique changes when compared to other HEV isolates. Amino acid residue 614 of the capsid protein was identified as a possible marker to distinguish the Burma-Nepal-India from the China-Central Asian Republics subgenotype, and the Mexico genotype. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Teku Infect Dis Hosp, Kathmandu, Nepal. RP Gouvea, V (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, 14th & Dahlia Sts,Bldg 40, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM dr._vera_gouvea@wrsmtp-ccmail.army.mil NR 34 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 52 IS 1 BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1016/S0168-1702(97)00112-3 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA YM596 UT WOS:000071080600008 PM 9453147 ER PT J AU Taha, MR Soewarto, IH Acar, YB Gale, RJ Zappi, ME AF Taha, MR Soewarto, IH Acar, YB Gale, RJ Zappi, ME TI Surfactant enhanced desorption of TNT from soil SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE decontamination; desorption; explosive; soil contamination; surfactant; 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene; TNT ID SOLUBILIZATION; ADSORPTION; PARTITION; WATER AB Surfactant enhanced desorption of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from contaminated soils at a military site was investigated. Anionic (SDS and DOWFAX 8390), cationic (CTAC and CTAB), and nonionic (Tween 80 and Bij 35) surfactants were first tested at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1%. The anionic and nonionic surfactants were further tested at concentrations of up to 10%. Anionic surfactants, particularly SDS, provided the best desorption of TNT from the soil. There was not any increase in TNT desorption for both the nonionics and cationics at concentrations ranging between 0.1 to 1% and the extent of desorption was found to be lower than the TNT desorption only by water. The competition of the negatively charged soil surfaces for the positively charged cationics and the neutral nonionic surfactants may constitute the underlying reason. TNT was significantly desorbed when the concentrations of Tween 80, DOWFAX 80 and SDS were increased up to 10%. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. USA,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ENVIRONM ENGN DIV,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Taha, MR (reprint author), UNIV KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA,DEPT CIVIL & STRUCT ENGN,BANGUI 43600,SELANGOR,MALAYSIA. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD NOV PY 1997 VL 100 IS 1-2 BP 33 EP 48 DI 10.1023/A:1018362209270 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA YH318 UT WOS:A1997YH31800008 ER PT J AU Taylor, KC Mayewski, PA Alley, RB Brook, EJ Gow, AJ Grootes, PM Meese, DA Saltzman, ES Severinghaus, JP Twickler, MS White, JWC Whitlow, S Zielinski, GA AF Taylor, KC Mayewski, PA Alley, RB Brook, EJ Gow, AJ Grootes, PM Meese, DA Saltzman, ES Severinghaus, JP Twickler, MS White, JWC Whitlow, S Zielinski, GA TI The Holocene Younger Dryas transition recorded at Summit, Greenland SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ICE-CORE; SNOW ACCUMULATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; GISP2; CHEMISTRY; EVENT AB Analysis of ice from Dye-3, Greenland, has demonstrated that the transition between the Younger Dryas and Holocene climate periods occurred over a 40-year period. A near annually resolved, multiparameter record of the transition recorded in the GISP2 core from Summit, Greenland, shows that most of the transition occurred in a series of steps with durations of about 5 years. Some climate proxies associated with more northern regions. Changes in atmospheric water vapor are likely to have played a large role in the climate transition. C1 COMMUNITY COLL SYST NEVADA,RENO,NV 89506. UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,INST STUDY EARTH OCEANS & SPACE,CLIMATE CHANGE RES CTR,DURHAM,NH 03824. PENN STATE UNIV,CTR EARTH SYST SCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOL,VANCOUVER,WA 98686. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI,VANCOUVER,WA 98686. USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL,LAB C41,KIEL,GERMANY. UNIV MIAMI,ROSENSTIEL SCH MARINE & ATMOSPHER SCI,MIAMI,FL 33149. UNIV RHODE ISL,GRAD SCH OCEANOG,KINGSTON,RI 02819. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT GEOL SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. INSTAAR,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP Taylor, KC (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,DESERT RES INST,RENO,NV 89506, USA. RI Grootes, Pieter/F-4952-2011; White, James/A-7845-2009; Taylor, Kendrick/A-3469-2016 OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684; Taylor, Kendrick/0000-0001-8535-1261 NR 31 TC 127 Z9 136 U1 3 U2 34 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 31 PY 1997 VL 278 IS 5339 BP 825 EP 827 DI 10.1126/science.278.5339.825 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA YD479 UT WOS:A1997YD47900035 ER PT J AU Whiteman, WW Ferri, AA AF Whiteman, WW Ferri, AA TI Multi-mode analysis of beam-like structures subjected to displacement-dependent dry friction damping SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM; SYSTEMS; VIBRATION; BEHAVIOR; MOTION; DAMPER; BLADE AB A multi-mode analysis of a beam-like structure undergoing transverse vibration and subjected to a displacement-dependent friction force is conducted. The system model uses a ramp configuration to increase the normal force of the dry friction damper proportional to the beam's transverse displacement. The system is studied by using harmonic balance as an approximate analytical solution and then by using a time integration method. Interesting findings include the appearance of internal resonance peaks when multiple beam modes are considered. Also, as with the earlier single-degree-of-freedom study, two dynamic response solutions exist at certain parameter values. It is found that the ability to control the amplitude of the response is a function of the frequency range considered. In general, near modal resonance peaks, the amplitude of the response decreases with increasing ramp angle. However, in an ''overlapping'' region between resonance peaks, the amplitude of the response actually increases with increasing ramp angle. It is also found. that the damping contribution from the displacement-dependent dry friction damper is ''linear structural-like'' in nature and relatively insensitive to the amplitude of the response. This result suggests that in the case of turbine or compressor blades, this type of damping arrangement may be effective in the suppression of flutter. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH MECH ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332. RP Whiteman, WW (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT CIVIL ENGN & MECH,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD OCT 30 PY 1997 VL 207 IS 3 BP 403 EP 418 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1997.1140 PG 16 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA YH111 UT WOS:A1997YH11100009 ER PT J AU Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Bennett, SJ Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, R DeCataldo, G Dee, P Diebold, GE Dover, CB Fachini, P Finch, LE George, NK Giglietto, N Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, R Huang, HZ Kim, B Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Libby, B Majka, RD Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Raino, A Reid, JD Rimai, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Spinelli, P Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS VanBuren, G Wohn, FK Xu, Z Zhao, K AF Armstrong, TA Barish, KN Bennett, SJ Chikanian, A Coe, SD Cormier, TM Davies, R DeCataldo, G Dee, P Diebold, GE Dover, CB Fachini, P Finch, LE George, NK Giglietto, N Greene, SV Haridas, P Hill, JC Hirsch, AS Hoversten, R Huang, HZ Kim, B Kumar, BS Lainis, T Lajoie, JG Lewis, RA Libby, B Majka, RD Munhoz, MG Nagle, JL Pless, IA Pope, JK Porile, NT Pruneau, CA Rabin, MSZ Raino, A Reid, JD Rimai, A Rotondo, FS Sandweiss, J Scharenberg, RP Slaughter, AJ Smith, GA Spinelli, P Tincknell, ML Toothacker, WS VanBuren, G Wohn, FK Xu, Z Zhao, K TI Search for exotic strange quark matter in high energy nuclear reactions SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE strangelet; strange quark matter; relativistic heavy ions; quark-gluon plasma; phase transition ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; HADRONIC MATTER; H DIBARYON; GEV/C SI; PARTICLES; SEPARATION; DROPLETS; PHASES; DECAY AB We report on a search for metastable positively and negatively charged states of strange quark matter in Au + Pb reactions at 11.6 A GeV/c in experiment E864. We have sampled approximately six billion 10% most central Au + Pb interactions and have observed no strangelet states (baryon number A < 100 droplets of strange quark matter). We thus set upper limits on the production of these exotic states at the level of 1-6 x 10(-8) per central collision. These limits are the best and most model independent for this colliding system. We discuss the implications of our results on strangelet production mechanisms, and also on the stability question of strange quark matter. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV BARI,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,BARI,ITALY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. IOWA STATE UNIV,AMES,IA 50011. MIT,AMHERST,MA 02139. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. US MIL ACAD,W POINT,NY 10996. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48201. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. RP Armstrong, TA (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. RI giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; OI giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864 NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD OCT 27 PY 1997 VL 625 IS 1-2 BP 494 EP 512 DI 10.1016/S0375-9474(97)00399-0 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA YJ902 UT WOS:A1997YJ90200024 ER PT J AU Bose, D Candler, GV AF Bose, D Candler, GV TI Thermal rate constants of the O-2+N->NO+O reaction based on the (2)A' and (4)A' potential-energy surfaces SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET ROCKET EXPERIMENTS; N-2+O->NO+N REACTION; ATMOSPHERIC REACTION; DYNAMICS AB A detailed quasiclassical trajectory study of the O-2+N --> NO+O reaction is performed based on ab initio potential-energy surfaces of the (2)A' and (4)A' states. The study is aimed at generating a database of thermally averaged and O-2 state-specific rate constants needed for accurate simulations of NO kinetics in high-temperature flow processes. The rate constants obtained show good agreement with the available experimental data and with other quasiclassical trajectory calculations. It is found that the reactant internal energy of the O-2+N --> NO+O reaction is less effective in enhancing the rate than in the N-2+O --> NO+N reaction. An analysis of the product vibrational energy shows that NO formed by the O-2+N --> NO+O reaction has a non-Boltzmann distribution. It is also found that the most populated NO vibrational level is determined by the reactant vibrational energy, while the terminal slope of the NO vibrational distribution is a strong function of the reactant translational temperature. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Bose, D (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT AEROSP ENGN & MECH, ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR, 110 UNION ST SE, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. NR 33 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 22 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 16 BP 6136 EP 6145 DI 10.1063/1.475132 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YB713 UT WOS:A1997YB71300015 ER PT J AU Lee, C Gido, SP Poulos, Y Hadjichristidis, N Tan, NB Trevino, SF Mays, JW AF Lee, C Gido, SP Poulos, Y Hadjichristidis, N Tan, NB Trevino, SF Mays, JW TI H-shaped double graft copolymers: Effect of molecular architecture on morphology SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID STAR BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; CONFORMATIONAL ASYMMETRY; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; EQUILIBRIUM; STYRENE; DOMAINS; POLYBUTADIENE; ISOPRENE AB The morphologies formed by block copolymers with a double-graft, H or S2IS2 architecture were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Here S and I represent blocks of polystyrene and polyisoprene, respectively. These materials were synthesized using anionic polymerization and chlorosilane Linking, and they were characterized using size exclusion chromatography, membrane osmometry, and low-angle laser light scattering. This characterization work confirmed the desired molecular architectures and narrow molecular weight distributions. The results of morphological characterization indicate that one can understand complex grafting architectures by decomposing them into fundamental building blocks, which are taken as the component single graft structures out of which the larger structure is constructed. We propose rules for dividing structures into these components, which we call constituting block copolymers. The morphological behavior of the more complex architecture is approximately equivalent to that of the constituting block copolymer structure. Through the use of the constituting block copolymers we map the experimentally determined morphological behavior of the H architecture onto the morphology diagram calculated by Milner for miktoarm stars [Macromolecules 27, 2333 (1994)]. Mapping the H architecture onto the morphology diagram in this way produces general agreement between experimental results and the model. However, it is found that in the case of the H architecture, as well as in previously published results for I2S and I3S miktoarm star materials, that the morphology diagram slightly overestimates the amount of shift in the order-order transition lines produced by asymmetry in molecular architecture. This overestimation in the theory is attribute to a junction point localization effect which was neglected in Milner's calculation. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT POLYMER SCI & ENGN,WM KECK ELECTRON MICROSCOPY LAB,AMHERST,MA 01003. INST ELECT STRUCT & LASER,IRAKLION 71110,CRETE,GREECE. UNIV ATHENS,DEPT CHEM,ATHENS 15771,GREECE. USA,RES LAB,POLYMERS RES BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. NIST,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT CHEM,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. NR 35 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 22 PY 1997 VL 107 IS 16 BP 6460 EP 6469 DI 10.1063/1.474266 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA YB713 UT WOS:A1997YB71300047 ER PT J AU Pellegrino, P Videen, G Pinnick, RG AF Pellegrino, P Videen, G Pinnick, RG TI Quantitative light-scattering angular correlations of conglomerate particles SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID MICRODROPLETS; SUPPRESSION; RESONANCES AB A quantitative analysis of the fluctuations in the scattering associated with micrometer-size glycerol droplets that contain spherical latex inclusions are performed. Scattering intensities at two angles (the near-forward and the near-backward directions) are measured as functions of time. We analyze these signals using two techniques. We find that calculated autocorrelation time constants associated with these signals are not consistent with current models based on interference of light scattering from latex inclusions that exhibit Stokes-Einstein diffusion. The intensity fluctuations at different scattering angles display extended periods of both positive and negative correlations with characteristic time constants of the order of seconds. The time constants associated with the cross correlations provide information on the physical parameters of the inclusions. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. RP Pellegrino, P (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,AMSRL,IS,EE,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 20 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 30 BP 7672 EP 7677 DI 10.1364/AO.36.007672 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA YB133 UT WOS:A1997YB13300026 PM 18264284 ER PT J AU Cowan, DN Gray, GC DeFraites, RF AF Cowan, DN Gray, GC DeFraites, RF TI Birth defects among children of Persian Gulf War veterans - Reply SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 USN,HLTH RES CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. USA,OFF SURG GEN,FALLS CHURCH,VA 22041. RP Cowan, DN (reprint author), US DEPT DEF,FALLS CHURCH,VA 22041, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 16 PY 1997 VL 337 IS 16 BP 1176 EP 1176 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YA912 UT WOS:A1997YA91200028 ER PT J AU Cai, CS Harrington, PD Davis, DM AF Cai, CS Harrington, PD Davis, DM TI Two-dimensional Fourier compression SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1997 Pittsburgh Conference CY MAR 16-21, 1997 CL ATLANTA, GA ID SPECTROMETRY AB A two-dimensional Fourier compression method has been developed as a tool for portable sensors. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) yields an advanced chemical sensor for monitoring trace quantities of compounds in air. Two-dimensional Fourier compression can increase the compression efficiency without compromising the quality of compressed data. A criterion for the automatic determination of the compression efficiency or cutoff frequency has been developed and evaluated with IMS data. IMS data were compressed by 97% without significant loss of information. C1 OHIO UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CLIPPINGER LABS,CTR INTELLIGENT CHEM INSTRUMENTAT,ATHENS,OH 45701. USA,CHEM & BIOL DETECT RES TEAM,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. OI Harrington, Peter/0000-0003-0268-8630 NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 15 PY 1997 VL 69 IS 20 BP 4249 EP 4255 DI 10.1021/ac970458s PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA YA446 UT WOS:A1997YA44600023 ER PT J AU Elg, SA Mayer, AR Carson, LF Twiggs, LB Hill, RB Ramakrishnan, S AF Elg, SA Mayer, AR Carson, LF Twiggs, LB Hill, RB Ramakrishnan, S TI alpha-1 acid glycoprotein is an immunosuppressive factor found in ascites from ovarian carcinoma SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE ovarian carcinoma; ascites; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein; immunosuppression ID HEPATOCYTE-STIMULATING FACTOR; LEUKEMIA-INHIBITORY FACTOR; CULTURED RAT HEPATOCYTES; ACUTE PHASE REACTANT; GROWTH FACTOR-BETA; ALPHA1-ACID GLYCOPROTEIN; HAPTOGLOBIN GENE; CANCER; INTERLEUKIN-6; PROTEIN AB BACKGROUND, Although the ascites of patients with ovarian carcinoma has been reported to contain immunosuppressive factors, the identity and source of this activity has not been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to describe the purification of a single immunosuppressive protein, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, from ovarian carcinoma ascites, identify its site of production, and describe a possible mechanism by which it inhibits lymphocytes, METHODS, Ascites from proteins from five patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma first were differentially precipitated by size with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol and then separated on the basis of isoelectric focusing. The protein factions then were placed in a lymphocyte proliferation assay to determine immunosuppressive activity. Western blot analysis was used to identify alpha-1 acid glycoprotein as an immunosuppressive protein in ascites. Total RNA was extracted from ovarian and hepatic cell lines as well as primary and recurrent ovarian turner samples. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction then was utilized to identify the site of production of this protein. Purified alpha-1 acid glycoprotein was placed in lymphocyte culture and its effects on lymphocyte interleukin-2 (IL-2) production were measured by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay. RESULTS. Addition of purified alpha-1 acid glycoprotein to the lymphocyte assay resulted in a 60% decrease in lymphocyte proliferation (P < 0.05), alpha-1 acid glycoprotein transcript was not identified in ovarian tumor cells. The addition of purified alpha-1 acid glycoprotein to the lymphocyte culture resulted in a 65% decrease in IL-2 secretion into the media (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS. alpha-1 acid glycoprotein is an immunosuppressive protein purified from ovarian carcinoma ascites. It is not expressed primarily by ovarian carcinoma cells. It appears to inhibit IL-2 secretion by lymphocytes. (C) 1997 American Cancer Society. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,HLTH SCI CTR,WOMENS CANC CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,HONOLULU,HI 96859. UNIV MINNESOTA,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP Elg, SA (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,6900 GEORGIA AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 44 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD OCT 15 PY 1997 VL 80 IS 8 BP 1448 EP 1456 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19971015)80:8<1448::AID-CNCR12>3.0.CO;2-5 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA YA355 UT WOS:A1997YA35500012 PM 9338469 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Sacred heart - Montecino,M SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA,COMBINED ARMS RES LIB,FT LEAVENWORTH,KS, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 15 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 17 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA YB536 UT WOS:A1997YB53600248 ER PT J AU Tidrow, MZ AF Tidrow, MZ TI Three-well one- and two-color quantum well infrared photodetectors SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE quantum well infrared photodectectors; intersubband transition; conversion efficiency; high strain ID MU-M DETECTION; GAAS/ALGAAS AB Quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIP) have been developed rapidly and large QWIP arrays with 256 x 256 and 640 x 480 elements have been demonstrated. But they all use quantum well structures that consist of 30-50 periods which have a relatively small conversion efficiency due to the small optical gain. In this paper, a high performance quantum well infrared photodetector consisting of only three quantum wells is presented which shows very large conversion efficiencies up to 29% at a bias voltage -0.8 V and peak wavelength 8.5 mu m. A high strain two-stack, two-color QWIP consists of three wells in each stack is also presented here for MWIR and LWIR detection. The MWIR stack has employed 35% of indium in the InGaAs well which not only achieved peak wavelength at 4.3 mu m, but also obtained very high peak responsivity of 0.37 A W-1. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. RP Tidrow, MZ (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0254-0584 J9 MATER CHEM PHYS JI Mater. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 15 PY 1997 VL 50 IS 3 BP 183 EP 187 DI 10.1016/S0254-0584(97)01916-0 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA XZ788 UT WOS:A1997XZ78800001 ER PT J AU Bergman, L Bremser, MD Perry, WG Davis, RF Dutta, M Nemanich, RJ AF Bergman, L Bremser, MD Perry, WG Davis, RF Dutta, M Nemanich, RJ TI Raman analysis of the configurational disorder in AlxGa1-xN films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS; SCATTERING; NITRIDE AB Raman analysis of the E2 mode of AlxGa1-xN in the composition range 0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1 is presented. The line shape was observed to exhibit a significant asymmetry and broadening toward the high energy range. The spatial correlation model is discussed, and is shown to account for the line shape. The model calculations also indicate the lack of a long-range order in the chemical vapor deposition alloys. These results were confirmed by x-ray scattering: the relative intensity of the superlattice line was found to be negligible. The line broadening of the E2 mode was found to exhibit a maximum at a composition x congruent to 0.5 indicative of a random disordered alloy system. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP Bergman, L (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 20 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 13 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 15 BP 2157 EP 2159 DI 10.1063/1.119367 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA YA209 UT WOS:A1997YA20900033 ER PT J AU Zhang, Q Graham, MJ AF Zhang, Q Graham, MJ TI Scaling laws for unstable interfaces driven by strong shocks in cylindrical geometry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; FRONT TRACKING; STABILITY; FLOW AB The Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability is an interfacial interface between two fluids of different densities driven by shock waves and plays an important role in the studies of inertial confinement fusion and of supernovas. So far, most of the studies are for RM unstable interfaces driven by weak or intermediate shocks in planar geometry. For experiments conducted at the Nova laser, the unstable material interface is accelerated by very strong shocks. In this Letter, we present scaling laws for the RM unstable interface driven by strong imploding and exploding shocks. C1 US MIL ACAD,DEPT MATH SCI,W POINT,NY 10996. USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT APPL MATH & STAT,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. OI ZHANG, Qiang /0000-0002-8659-5396 NR 23 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 6 PY 1997 VL 79 IS 14 BP 2674 EP 2677 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.2674 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA XZ544 UT WOS:A1997XZ54400019 ER PT J AU Ahmad, F Razzaghi, M AF Ahmad, F Razzaghi, M TI On the solution of the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation or the propagation of light in optical fibers SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE solitons; perturbed Schrodinger equation; optical fiber ID BIFURCATION PHENOMENA; SOLITON STATES; DARK SOLITONS; COUPLERS; BRIGHT AB A method that uses an integral form of the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation is presented. This method is used to demonstrate the effect of dissipative perturbation on the solution of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. This equation is associated with propagation of light in optical fibers. Results front the application of this method are replicas of what has been generated through an existing method. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Ahmad, F (reprint author), USA,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD OCT 5 PY 1997 VL 16 IS 2 BP 74 EP 77 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA XW931 UT WOS:A1997XW93100005 ER PT J AU Robertson, WG AF Robertson, WG TI Chancellorsville - Sears,SW SO AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP Robertson, WG (reprint author), USA,WASHINGTON,DC 20310, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HISTORICAL REVIEW PI WASHINGTON PA 400 A ST SE, WASHINGTON, DC 20003 SN 0002-8762 J9 AM HIST REV JI Am. Hist. Rev. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 102 IS 4 BP 1231 EP 1232 DI 10.2307/2170768 PG 2 WC History SC History GA YB828 UT WOS:A1997YB82800148 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Mego, DM Miller, LA OLeary, E Patel, V SaundersWebb, E Ebersole, DG Chilton, R AF Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Mego, DM Miller, LA OLeary, E Patel, V SaundersWebb, E Ebersole, DG Chilton, R TI Acute directional coronary atherectomy prior to stenting: Long term angiographic results. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,S TEXAS VET HLTH SYST,AUDIE MURPHY DIV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 80 SI 7A BP TCT83 EP TCT83 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA YC885 UT WOS:A1997YC88500083 ER PT J AU Jatoi, I AF Jatoi, I TI Breast cancer: A systemic or local disease? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY-CANCER CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; mammography; screening; systemic; local; natural history ID SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; NATURAL-HISTORY; WOMEN; MANAGEMENT; PROGRESS; EFFICACY AB Since ancient times, controversy has centered on whether breast cancer is a systemic or local disease at inception. Ln recent years, support for the systemic hypothesis has come from randomized clinical trials showing that variations in locoregional therapy have no impact on breast cancer mortality. Yet at first glance, the results of the breast cancer screening trials seem to refute this hypothesis. These trials indicate that screening reduces breast cancer mortality by 30% in postmenopausal women. This could be interpreted to mean that 30% of postmenopausal breast cancers metastasize relatively late in their natural history and are therefore amenable to cure with early diagnosis and timely extirpation. Closer scrutiny of the results of the screening trials, however, shows that screening changes the slope of the breast canter survival curves (so that survival is prolonged) but does not cause the curves to plateau. Thus, screening may simply increase the time to recurrence and death, rather than eliminate the risk of death for a fraction of postmenopausal women with breast cancer. One may speculate that the timely extirpation of the primary tumor reduces the burden of micrometastatic disease, allowing the host's own defense to exert an effect. Alternatively, the benefit of screening is perhaps the result of early administration of systemic therapy, when the burden of micrometastatic disease is low. Regardless, the results of the screening trials are not necessarily inconsistent with the systemic hypothesis. Longer follow-up of women enrolled in the screening trials may prove useful in better understanding the natural history of breast cancer. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT SURG, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. RP Jatoi, I (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR, DEPT SURG, 3851 ROGER BROOKE DR, FT SAM HOUSTON, TX 78234 USA. NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0277-3732 J9 AM J CLIN ONCOL-CANC JI Am. J. Clin. Oncol.-Cancer Clin. Trials PD OCT PY 1997 VL 20 IS 5 BP 536 EP 539 DI 10.1097/00000421-199710000-00022 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA YB433 UT WOS:A1997YB43300021 PM 9345345 ER PT J AU Brumblay, J Powell, BR Reinker, K Henry, GW Gallagher, T Hsia, YE AF Brumblay, J Powell, BR Reinker, K Henry, GW Gallagher, T Hsia, YE TI Pycnodysostosis in Eniwetok: coincidence or founder effect? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Hawaii, Kapiolani Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Shriners Hosp, Honolulu, HI USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 61 IS 4 SU S MA 2151 BP A368 EP A368 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA YQ995 UT WOS:000071446002153 ER PT J AU Catalan, RL Murphy, T AF Catalan, RL Murphy, T TI Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the lung SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ASKIN TUMORS RP Catalan, RL (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 3 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 169 IS 4 BP 1201 EP 1202 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XW981 UT WOS:A1997XW98100066 PM 9308502 ER PT J AU Modesto, VL Gottesman, L AF Modesto, VL Gottesman, L TI Surgical debridement and intralesional steroid injection in the treatment of idiopathic AIDS-related anal ulcerations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article AB BACKGROUND: The treatment of idiopathic anal ulcerations in AIDS patients is still evolving. These patients suffer with severe incapacitating anal pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Relief of pain was achieved with the use of intralesional steroid injections. Twenty-one patients from 1990 to 1993 presented with severe anal pain of 4.5 months average durations (range 3 weeks to 2 years). The average CD4 count was 52.1 (range 0 to 150). Fourteen (67%) patients had a solitary ulcer, while 7 (33%) had complex ulcerations. RESULTS: All patients were treated by debridement of the ulcer, biopsy, and intralesional injection of steroids. Microscopic evaluation revealed nonspecific inflammatory changes, without histopathologic evidence of viral infection or malignancy. Viral tissue cultures were negative. Fifty-seven percent of patients required only one injection to achieve dramatic relief of pain. Forty-three percent necessitated additional injections at 2-week intervals, The average patient was injected 1.9 times (range 1 to 7), with 20 of 21 patients (95%) reporting good to excellent pain relief. CONCLUSION: AIDS anal ulcerations should be treated aggressively with surgical debridement, biopsy and intralesional steroids, The efficacy of this therapy suggests that symptoms are partially due to inflammatory mediators. (C) 1997 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,F EDWARD HEBERT SCH MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. COLUMBIA UNIV COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT CLIN SURG,NEW YORK,NY 10032. ST LUKES ROOSEVELT HOSP,DIV COLORECTAL SURG,NEW YORK,NY. RP Modesto, VL (reprint author), WOMACK ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,FT BRAGG,NC 28307, USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 174 IS 4 BP 439 EP 441 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(97)00117-7 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA YA048 UT WOS:A1997YA04800015 PM 9337170 ER PT J AU Pichyangkul, S Saengkrai, P Yongvanitchit, K Heppner, DG Kyle, DE Webster, HK AF Pichyangkul, S Saengkrai, P Yongvanitchit, K Heppner, DG Kyle, DE Webster, HK TI Regulation of leukocyte adhesion molecules CD11b/CD18 and leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 on phagocytic cells activated by malaria pigment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; NEUTROPHILS; EXPRESSION; INVIVO; MAC-1; INFLAMMATION; NEOPTERIN; MONOCYTES; CYTOKINES AB There is increasing evidence that inappropriate immune activation induced by parasite products occurs in malaria disease. To further elucidate the role of Plasmodium falciparum-derived products on host immune activation, we studied the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules (CD11b/CD18 and LAM-1) on neutrophils and monocytes in response to malaria pigment using flow cytometry. Exposure of leukocytes to isolated malaria pigment derived from ruptured schizonts resulted in significant up-regulation of CD11b/CD18 expression and down-regulation of LAM-1 on both neutrophils and monocytes. In contrast, culture-supernatants (pigment free) from ruptured schizonts did not alter the expression of CD11b/CD18 and LAM-1. The increase of CD11b/CD18 and the loss of LAM-1 expression occurred simultaneously with the earliest response detected at 10 min and a plateau reached by 60 min. The effect of malaria pigment on leukocyte adhesion molecules was inhibited by EDTA in a dose-dependent manner. Phagocytosis of malaria pigment was also suppressed by EDTA. This observation suggests that phagocytosis of malaria pigment may be a prerequisite fcr the effect of malaria pigment on the regulation of CD11b/CD18 and LAM-1 expression. Regulation of leukocyte adhesion molecules through up-regulation of CD11b/CD18 and downregulation of LAM-1 by malaria pigment could promote leukocyte adherence to endothelium in vivo. This increased adherence of malaria pigment-activated leukocytes might induce cytokine (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta)-mediated increases in capillary permeability resulting in local tissue edema, and a cytokine-mediated increase in adhesion molecule expression causing vascular clogging by adherent red blood cells, and in severe disease by adherent leukocytes. C1 USA,MED COMPONENT,ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT IMMUNOL & PARASITOL,BANGKOK,THAILAND. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 57 IS 4 BP 383 EP 388 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA YC073 UT WOS:A1997YC07300001 PM 9347950 ER PT J AU Ohrt, C MirabelliPrimdahl, L Karnasuta, C Chantakulkij, S Kain, KC AF Ohrt, C MirabelliPrimdahl, L Karnasuta, C Chantakulkij, S Kain, KC TI Distinguishing Plasmodium falciparum treatment failures from reinfections by restriction fragment length polymorphism and polymerase chain reaction genotyping SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-EVIDENCE; MALARIA; HALOFANTRINE; THAILAND; DNA; INFECTIONS; AREA AB The inability to distinguish recrudescent Plasmodium falciparum infections (treatment failures) from reinfections (new infections) is an important impediment to the evaluation of antimalarial treatment regimens. Ten paired primary and recrudescent isolates collected near the Thai-Cambodian border were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping of the genes encoding the following proteins: circumsporozite (CS) protein, erythrocyte binding antigen (EBA)-175 ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA), merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1), and MSP-2. Both methods demonstrated that the fingerprint pattern of each recrudescent isolate was identical to or was contained within the pattern of the primary isolate. Each recrudescent isolate was unique when compared with the other nine primary isolates. Typing by PCR was more sensitive for the detection of multiclone infections and could be performed with small volumes of whole blood. The PCR genotyping could be a practical method for distinguishing a recrudescent from a new infection when treatment studies are conducted in areas with active malaria transmission. C1 TORONTO HOSP,DEPT MED,TROP DIS UNIT,EN G 224,TORONTO,ON M5G 2C4,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON,CANADA. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,US MED COMPONENT,DEPT MED,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,US MED COMPONENT,DEPT IMMUNOL,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. NR 24 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 57 IS 4 BP 430 EP 437 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA YC073 UT WOS:A1997YC07300010 PM 9347959 ER PT J AU Drabick, JJ Gambel, JM Gouvea, VS Caudill, JD Sun, W Hoke, CH Innis, BL AF Drabick, JJ Gambel, JM Gouvea, VS Caudill, JD Sun, W Hoke, CH Innis, BL TI A cluster of acute hepatitis E infection in United Nations Bangladeshi peacekeepers in Haiti SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID NON-B HEPATITIS; TRANSMITTED NON-A; E VIRUS HEV; VIRAL-HEPATITIS; TRANSMISSION; MALARIA; EPIDEMIC; ISOLATE; MEXICO AB In the fall of 1995, within a month of deployment to Haiti for peacekeeping duty, four Bangladeshi soldiers developed acute icteric hepatitis in rapid succession. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) was found to be the etiology by demonstrating HEV genomic sequences in serum samples by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serologically by the detection of elevated IgM titers to HEV. No case had serologic evidence of acute hepatitis A or C infection. The soldiers had probably acquired their infection while living in a cantonment area outside Dhaka, Bangladesh for one month prior to deployment. Cloning and sequencing of amplified PCR products demonstrated a single strain suggestive of a common source of infection. Furthermore, high genomic identity with Asian strains of HEV and dissimilarity with the Mexican strain was demonstrated, verifying that the strain had indeed been imported. Human waste management from the Bangladesh camp in Haiti was strictly controlled and no secondary cases were observed. A convenience sample of 105 (12%) soldiers from the Bangladesh battalion (850 men) revealed anicteric or asymptomatic HEV infection in seven (7%) of 105. This report contains the first demonstration of acute hepatitis E in natives of Bangladesh and demonstrates the power of the PCR in the rapid diagnosis and epidemiologic analysis of HEV infection. More importantly, this cluster demonstrates the importation of an important infectious disease by multinational peacekeepers to a potentially susceptible host country. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,DIV VIRAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Drabick, JJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,DIV PREVENT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 35 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 57 IS 4 BP 449 EP 454 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA YC073 UT WOS:A1997YC07300013 PM 9347962 ER PT J AU Morrill, JC Mebus, CA Peters, CJ AF Morrill, JC Mebus, CA Peters, CJ TI Safety and efficacy of a mutagen-attenuated Rift Valley fever virus vaccine in cattle SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STRAINS; EGYPT AB Objective-To examine safety and efficacy of a mutagen-attenuated Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) vaccine (RVFMP-12) in cattle. Animals-38 pregnant cows, 14 steers, and 10 lactating dairy cows. Procedure-Pregnant cows in their third, fifth, or eighth month of gestation were vaccinated (1 ml of RVF MP-12 containing 5 log(10) plaque-forming units [PFU] of virus) and were monitored daily through parturition for signs of disease, viremia, and immunologic response. Additionally, 10 vaccinated pregnant cows were challenge inoculated with virulent RVFV at postvaccination day (PVD) 30 and were monitored daily for untoward effects. Ten unvaccinated pregnant cows also were challenge inoculated with virulent RVFV and served as challenge controls. Vaccinated lactating dairy cows were monitored for viremia and virus shedding in the milk through PVD 14. Yearling steers were vaccinated to assess their immunologic response to various doses of vaccine and were challenge inoculated with virulent RVFV at PVD 28 to assess protection. Results-10 of 38 (26.3%) cows vaccinated during pregnancy developed transient postvaccination viremia titer greater than or equal to 2.5 log(10) PFU/ml of serum. All vaccinated cows delivered live, healthy calves that were RVFV seronegative al birth, but which quickly acquired colostral antibodies. Vaccinated cows and their fetuses were protected when challenge exposed with virulent RVFV at PVD 30, whereas unvaccinated pregnant cows inoculated with RVFV became febrile and viremic, and aborted. Vaccine virus was unsuccessfully sought from milk of lactating dairy cows after vaccination, suggesting that shedding of vaccine virus through milk should not be a concern. Steers, inoculated with tenfold escalating vaccine doses, beginning with 1.0 log(10) PFU, were protected against virulent RVFV challenge exposure. Conclusions-RVF MP-12 may be safe and efficacious for use in pregnant or lactating bovids, and a minimal dose of vaccine may provide suitable protection against viremia. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,APPL RES DIV,FREDERICK,MD 21702. USDA,APHIS,NVSL,FOREIGN ANIM DIS DIAGNOST LAB,GREENPORT,NY 11944. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,SPECIAL PATHOGENS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NR 23 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 58 IS 10 BP 1104 EP 1109 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA XZ097 UT WOS:A1997XZ09700024 PM 9328662 ER PT J AU Morrill, JC Mebus, CA Peters, CJ AF Morrill, JC Mebus, CA Peters, CJ TI Safety of a mutagen-attenuated Rift Valley fever virus vaccine in fetal and neonatal bovids SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CALVES AB Objective-To examine effects of in utero inoculation with a mutagen-attenuated Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) vaccine (RVF MP-12) on fetal bovids and to assess the safety and efficacy of calfhood vaccination with RVF MP-12. Animals-18 pregnant Hereford and Hereford-type cows in the third or fifth month of gestation, their progeny, and 25 carves from cows immunized with RVF MP-12 during pregnancy. Procedure-Bovine fetuses were inoculated, via laparotomy, with 1 ml of RVF MP-12 containing 5 log(10) plaque-forming units (PFU) of virus. Blood was obtained from newborn calves prior to their ingestion of colostrum. Immune-naive calves and calves born to RVF MP-12-vaccinated dams, ranging in age from 2 to 45 days, were vaccinated with RVF MP-12, and some were later challenge exposed with 1 mi of 5.7 log(10) PFU of virulent RVFV strain ZH-501. Cows were monitored for viremia and antibody responses and for hematologic and serum biochemical alterations through parturition or abortion. Results-Surviving in utero-vaccinated calves were healthy, with no noticeable defects. Except for 1 vaccine-inoculated fetus that died an postinoculation day 21, all in utero-vaccinated fetuses had serum neutralizing antibody titer greater than or equal to 1:20 at the time of delivery. All darns of in utero-vaccinated fetuses also developed neutralizing antibody titer. Calves born to cows vaccinated during gestation did not have antibody at birth, and all but 1 quickly acquired colostral antibody. Postparturient inoculation of immune-naive calves and carves with colostral antibodies resulted in no untoward effects, and all calves with detectable neutralizing antibodies were protected against virulent virus challenge exposure. Conclusions-Fetal death and abortion would be rare even if fetuses were exposed to RVF MP-12. The trauma and complications associated with in utero inoculation do not make this a practical method of immunization. RVF MP-12 was safe, immunogenic, and protective in calves as young as 2 days of age. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,APPL RES DIV,FREDERICK,MD 21702. USDA,APHIS,NVSL,FOREIGN ANIM DIS DIAGNOST LAB,GREENPORT,NY 11944. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,SPECIAL PATHOGENS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NR 18 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 58 IS 10 BP 1110 EP 1114 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA XZ097 UT WOS:A1997XZ09700025 PM 9328663 ER PT J AU Raymond, E Burris, HA Rowinsky, EK Eckardt, JR Rodriguez, G Smith, L Weiss, G VonHoff, DD AF Raymond, E Burris, HA Rowinsky, EK Eckardt, JR Rodriguez, G Smith, L Weiss, G VonHoff, DD TI Phase I study of daily times five topotecan and single injection of cisplatin in patients with previously untreated non-small-cell lung carcinoma SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE camptothecin derivative; cisplatin; combination chemotherapy; platinum salts; topotecan; toxicity ID TOPOISOMERASE-I; CANCER; DNA; CAMPTOTHECIN; CYTOTOXICITY; INHIBITORS; SYNERGISM; AGENTS; DRUG AB Background. The objectives were to determine the dose-limiting toxicity of topotecan in combination with cisplatin, to describe the principal toxicities, and to define the maximally-tolerated doses of the drugs in previously untreated patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Patients and methods. The study was designed to evaluate escalated doses of topotecan (starting at 0.75 mg/m(2)/day) as a 30-minute infusion daily for five consecutive days with a fixed clinically-relevant dose of 75 mg/m(2) cisplatin given on day 1, every three weeks. Results. Fifteen chemotherapy-naive patients entered the study and 14 were evaluable for toxicity. All 11 patients treated at the first topotecan/cisplatin dose level of 0.75/75 mg/m(2), experienced at least one episode of grade 4 neutropenia. For six patients, absolute neutrophil counts were below 500/ml for more than five days, and two of them developed a grade 4 thrombocytopenia. At the next higher topotecan/cisplatin dose level(1.0/75 mg/m(2)), grade 4 neutropenia lasting longer than five days occurred in all three evaluable patients, including one patient who expired due to a severe neutropenia associated with sepsis. Non-hematologic toxicities, predominantly nausea and vomiting, were mild to moderate in severity and manageable. Four patients had partial responses (30.7%; 95% confidence interval (9%-61%) of relatively short duration. Conclusion. Both severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia precluded dose escalation of topotecan and cisplatin administered on this schedule. In previously untreated patients, the first topotecan/cisplatin dose level (0.75/75 mg/m(2)), was associated with intolerable myelosuppression, and, therefore, the dose levels evaluated in this study cannot be recommended for subsequent phase II investigations. The high toxicity of this schedule and the recent understanding of the pharmacokinetic interaction between those drugs may encourage the investigation of the alternate sequence of cisplatin after TPT in phase II studies. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,CANC THERAPY & RES CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. NR 26 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-7534 J9 ANN ONCOL JI Ann. Oncol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 8 IS 10 BP 1003 EP 1008 DI 10.1023/A:1008253314126 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA YG830 UT WOS:A1997YG83000020 PM 9402174 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ AF Knapik, JJ TI The influence of physical fitness training on the manual material handling capability of women SO APPLIED ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE exercise; muscle contraction; body composition ID MUSCULAR STRENGTH; EXERCISE BEHAVIOR; BODY-COMPOSITION; PROGRAM; ENDURANCE; TASKS; MEN; OPERATIONS; CONSEQUENT; ADHERENCE AB This study examined the influence of a generalized physical fitness training program on manual material handling (MMH) capability, Thirteen healthy women trained for 14 weeks, performing progressive resistance training three days per week and running with interval training two days per week, Subjects attended 85+/-6% of the sessions, Compared to values obtained before training, subjects increased the maximum mass they could lift from floor to knuckle height by 19% (68-81 kg, p < 0.001) and from floor to chest height by 16% (49-57 kg, p < 0.001), They improved by 17% their ability to lift 15 kg as many times as possible in 10 min(167-195 lifts, p < 0.001), while perception of effort (measured with the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion) did not change, Total body mass did not change, but body fat mass was reduced by 9% (18.8-17.2 kg, p=0.036) and fat-free mass increased by 6% (48.2-51.0 kg, p < 0.001), A short-term physical fitness program, conducted about 1 h per day, five days per week, can substantially improve women's MMH capability and provide favorable changes in body composition (increased fat-free mass and decreased body fat). (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,HUMAN RES & ENGN DIRECTORATE,INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 57 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0003-6870 J9 APPL ERGON JI Appl. Ergon. PD OCT-DEC PY 1997 VL 28 IS 5-6 BP 339 EP 345 DI 10.1016/S0003-6870(97)00004-5 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied SC Engineering; Psychology GA YE606 UT WOS:A1997YE60600004 PM 9414374 ER PT J AU Williams, DC Lyon, JG AF Williams, DC Lyon, JG TI Historical aerial photographs and a geographic information system (GIS) to determine effects of long-term water level fluctuations on wetlands along the St. Marys River, Michigan, USA SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE wetlands; water levels; Great Lakes; St. Marys River; climate; GIS; remote sensing AB The water levels of the Great Lakes fluctuate as much as +/- 1 m from their respective long-range mean elevations in response to changes in climatic conditions. Coastal wetland areas on each Great Lake expand or contract in response to the long-term water lever fluctuations. The water level of the St. Marys River, a connecting channel between Lakes Superior and Huron, is largely controlled by the level of Lake Huron. The St. Marys River wetlands expand and contract in a fashion similar to wetlands on the lakes. Data on St. Marys River wetland areas were derived from historical aerial photographs and placed in a Geographic Information System (GIS) to analyze the effects of water level fluctuations. The GIS was used to measure wetland area changes between the years for which photographic data were available. Use of GIS allowed quantification of wetland area changes, estimation of response rates and description of inter-class transfer dynamics, for five coastal wetland classes influenced by long-term water level fluctuations. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,GREAT LAKES REG OFF,GREATEST LAKES & OHIO RIVER DIV,CHICAGO,IL 60606. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 58 IS 3-4 BP 363 EP 378 DI 10.1016/S0304-3770(97)00046-6 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA YL246 UT WOS:A1997YL24600012 ER PT J AU Rubin, FA Rothman, SW AF Rubin, FA Rothman, SW TI Extinction or revitalization: Clinical microbiologists look to the future SO ASM NEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NIAID,DIV MICROBIOL & INFECT DIS,NIH,ROCKVILLE,MD. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,OFF RES MANAGEMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0044-7897 J9 ASM NEWS JI ASM News PD OCT PY 1997 VL 63 IS 10 BP 530 EP 531 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA XZ520 UT WOS:A1997XZ52000004 ER PT J AU Ashrafiuon, H Alem, NM McEntire, BJ AF Ashrafiuon, H Alem, NM McEntire, BJ TI Effects of weight and center of gravity location of head-supported devices on neck loading SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A comprehensive study of the effect of Head-Supported Devices (HSDs) on neck loading during helicopter accidents is presented. The new Articulated Total Body (ATB) model which treats the neck as a deformable segment was used for crash simulation. Different categories of human and manikin subjects were considered under several crash scenarios. Simulations were theoretically designed to include a wide range of HSDs by changing their weights and center of gravity (CG) locations relative to the bead, and studying the effects of these changes. Since HSDs were only theoretically included in the model, detachment of specific detachable devices used in most military applications was not modeled in the study. Hence, two typical detachable devices were modeled and selected simulations were repeated and compared not only to provide a measure of accuracy for the original results but also to see the effect of separation of these devices from the helmet. C1 USA,AEROMED RES LAB,FT RUCKER,AL. NR 4 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 68 IS 10 BP 915 EP 922 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA XZ319 UT WOS:A1997XZ31900007 PM 9327117 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JA AF Caldwell, JA TI Fatigue in the aviation environment: An overview of the causes and effects as well as recommended countermeasures SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID CIRCADIAN-RHYTHM DESYNCHRONOSIS; CHRONIC EXERCISE; JET-LAG; SLEEP; STRATEGIES; NIGHT AB Fatigue is an insidious threat to aviation safety because of the impairments in alertness and performance it creates. The fatigue associated with sleep loss, shift work and long duty cycles can cause aviators to become sloppy, inattentive, careless, and inefficient. The only cure for fatigue is adequate sleep; however, gaining sufficient amounts of sleep is often difficult because of work requirements, family demands, or poor sleep habits. Although it may not be possible to avoid some of these problems, pilots can improve their sleep habits and thus gain more restful and restorative sleep by using self-administered relaxation therapy, establishing consistent and soothing bedtime routines, and avoiding certain activities and substances immediately prior to sleep. When opportunities for adequate sleep are not available because of work-related factors, prophylactic naps can sustain performance until sleep is possible. RP Caldwell, JA (reprint author), USA,AEROMED RES LAB,SUSTAINED OPERAT TEAM,POB 620577,FT RUCKER,AL 36362, USA. NR 47 TC 39 Z9 43 U1 5 U2 7 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 68 IS 10 BP 932 EP 938 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA XZ319 UT WOS:A1997XZ31900010 PM 9327120 ER PT J AU Wilson, DK AF Wilson, DK TI A three-dimensional correlation spectral model for turbulent velocities in a convective boundary layer SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE turbulence; atmospheric convective boundary layer; correlation function ID UNSTABLE SURFACE-LAYER AB A three-dimensional model for correlation functions and spectra in the atmospheric, convective boundary layer (CBL) is presented. The model includes vertical inhomogeneities introduced by eddy-blocking at the ground. By assuming the disturbance to the turbulent flow resulting from the ground blocking is irrotational, an equation is developed which allows one to write the inhomogeneous, two-dimensional (2D) cross spectra for the blocked flow in terms of the 2D cross spectra for a homogeneous flow. Von Karman's energy spectrum then is used to determine the homogeneous, 2D cross spectra. Although there are only two adjustable parameters in the model, the variance and a length scale, the model is shown to agree quite well with a diversity of previous results for the CBL. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONM DIV,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 85 IS 1 BP 35 EP 52 DI 10.1023/A:1000418709945 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XY240 UT WOS:A1997XY24000002 ER PT J AU McDonald, JE Scuero, A Marcy, MA AF McDonald, JE Scuero, A Marcy, MA TI Underwater magic SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 CARPI USA,ROANOKE,VA. OCEANEERING INT INC,UPPER MARLBORO,MD. RP McDonald, JE (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 67 IS 10 BP 65 EP 67 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA YB144 UT WOS:A1997YB14400038 ER PT J AU Dooley, DP Carpenter, JL Rademacher, S AF Dooley, DP Carpenter, JL Rademacher, S TI Adjunctive corticosteroid therapy for tuberculosis: A critical reappraisal of the literature SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS; ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS; ADRENAL-FUNCTION; MENINGITIS; PERICARDITIS; RIFAMPICIN; DEXAMETHASONE; CHEMOTHERAPY AB An extensive, although largely forgotten, literature addresses the utility of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in the management of tuberculosis. Corticosteroid therapy probably improves neurological outcomes of, and decreases mortality due to, tuberculous meningitis of moderate severity, Although therapy for tuberculous pericarditis is simplified (with less need for operative intervention) by adjunctive corticosteroid administration and there are fewer deaths, the incidence of subsequent constriction is not changed. The signs and symptoms of typical reactivation tuberculous pneumonia, tuberculous pleurisy, and probably primary tuberculous disease (with lymphadenopathy) seem to decrease rapidly with corticosteroid therapy, although no differences in final outcomes have been observed. Corticosteroid regimens used in most studies varied greatly in duration and dosage and generally caused significant side effects, Corticosteroids do not appear to diminish the efficacy of adequate antimycobacterial therapy, Adjunctive corticosteroid therapy appears to offer significant short-term but (other than for tuberculous meningitis and effusive pericarditis) minimal long-term benefit for patients with tuberculosis. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED SCH,DEPT MED,DALLAS,TX 75230. RP Dooley, DP (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 89 TC 107 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 25 IS 4 BP 872 EP 887 DI 10.1086/515543 PG 16 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA YD935 UT WOS:A1997YD93500020 PM 9356803 ER PT J AU Wolf, MK AF Wolf, MK TI Occurrence, distribution, and associations of O and H serogroups, colonization factor antigens, and toxins of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; CELL CHOLERA VACCINE; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; B-SUBUNIT; SURFACE-ANTIGENS; SAO-PAULO; PLASMIDS; CHILDREN; STRAINS; CFA/I AB Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading cause of infectious diarrhea worldwide. Four categories of antigens have been commonly studied: O serogroup, H serogroup, colonization factor antigens (CFA), and toxins. A database has been compiled from published reports of nearly 1,000 ETEC isolates from 18 locations and analyzed to determine the occurrence, distribution, and associations of O serogroup, H serogroup, CFA, and toxin type. Tables listing the associations of antigens are presented. This analysis documents the widespread nature and variety of ETEC. Even the most common combination of antigens, O6:H16 CFA/II LTST, accounted for only 11% of the ETEC isolates in the database. It was isolated from 12 locations. Many phenotypes occurred only once. CFA detection based on enzyme-linked antibodies with polyclonal sera is suggested as the preferred assay. A combination of CFA and toxin-based antigens is suggested as the most practical vaccine. RP Wolf, MK (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT GASTROENTEROL,DIV MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 75 TC 177 Z9 184 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0893-8512 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 10 IS 4 BP 569 EP & PG 17 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA YB712 UT WOS:A1997YB71200001 PM 9336662 ER PT J AU Banerjee, S John, VT MCPherson, GL OConnor, CJ Buisson, YSL Akkara, JA Kaplan, DL AF Banerjee, S John, VT MCPherson, GL OConnor, CJ Buisson, YSL Akkara, JA Kaplan, DL TI Polymer microsphere and polymer ferrite nanocomposite preparation by precipitation from water-in-oil microemulsions SO COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE encapsulation; polyphenol; w/o microemulsion; magnetic microspheres ID SURFACTANT MICROSTRUCTURES; PARTICLES; NANOPARTICLES; COMPOSITES; MORPHOLOGY; FLUID AB encapsulate intramicellar solutes (enzymes, nanoparticles) in polymer microspheres is described. The method involves dissolving a polymer in a minimum amount of solvent, The polymer solution is then added to a large volume of a nonsolvent system containing bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) reversed micelles. Immediate precipitation of the dissolved polymer takes place. The precipitation results in the formation of stable microparticles similar to 0.1-1 mu m in diameter, There is a direct correlation between the internal voidage of the particles and the water content of the micelles, Precipitation also leads to encapsulation of intramicellar solutes, resulting in the formation of microspherical composites. C1 TULANE UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. TULANE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. UNIV NEW ORLEANS,DEPT CHEM,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70148. USA,SOLDIER SYST COMMAND,NATICK,MA 01760. RI John, Vijay/G-3747-2010 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PLATZ DER DEUTSCHEN EINHEIT 25, D-64293 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0303-402X J9 COLLOID POLYM SCI JI Colloid Polym. Sci. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 275 IS 10 BP 930 EP 937 DI 10.1007/s003960050168 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA YJ594 UT WOS:A1997YJ59400004 ER PT J AU Pednekar, SP AF Pednekar, SP TI Failure of tungsten carbide-cobalt lamination dies: A corrosion evaluation SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE chloride; cobalt leaching; energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy; dies; lamination; lubricants; scanning electron microscopy; sodium chloride; tungsten; tungsten carbide AB Sudden failures of cemented tungsten carbide (WC)-cobalt punching dies are rare but expensive. Corrosion of the cobalt matrix, or cobalt leaching, by water-based lubricants usually is considered the cause of such failures. The validity of this mechanism was evaluated by measuring the corrosion behavior of cobalt, WC, and WC-15% Co die material in water and seven made-up lubricants. In the worst lubricant, the cobalt matrix corroded at an estimated rate of < 3 mpy. In chlorinated chloride (Cl-)-bearing (> 0.01% sodium chloride [NaCl]), aerated water of pH 7, the rate could be 80 mpy. Such a rate still was not high enough to explain die failures because of the short contact time between lubricant and sliding surfaces during punching operations. Excessive adhesive wear caused by low lubricity and resulting in removal of large wear particles may have been responsible. Such par tides wedged between sliding surfaces may have exerted forces sufficient to cause breakage of the dies. C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus Labs, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Pednekar, SP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD OCT PY 1997 VL 53 IS 10 BP 813 EP 819 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA YT224 UT WOS:000071578300008 ER PT J AU Hirota, TK Keough, GC DavidBajar, K McCollough, ML AF Hirota, TK Keough, GC DavidBajar, K McCollough, ML TI Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis (RND) is a rare cutaneous finding in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis or with high-titer rheumatoid factors, Most commonly, these lesions are erythematous papules or plaques distributed symmetrically on extensor surfaces, On histologic examination a dense dermal neutrophilic infiltrate without vasculitis is apparent. The pathogenesis of RND is unclear, and few treatments are known, With careful clinical and histologic examination, RND may be differentiated from the wide array of other cutaneous findings in rheumatoid arthritis. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD OCT PY 1997 VL 60 IS 4 BP 203 EP 205 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA YA655 UT WOS:A1997YA65500012 PM 9347237 ER PT J AU Bundy, ML AF Bundy, ML TI Effect of launch tube curvature on ballistic accuracy SO DEFENCE SCIENCE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB It is possible for two different launch platforms to produce centre of (shot) impacts (COIs), that differ in magnitude by several times the ammunition dispersion. It is difficult to discern what fraction of this variation is due to the launch tube alone, since changing tubes alters both the mounting conditions and the occasion. A means has been devised to 'change tubes' without altering the mount or the occasion, by merely changing the shape of a given tube within the same mount. This ist accomplished by localised control of a gun barrel's axial thermal expansion, implemented through a series of temperature-controlled heating pads adhered to the outer barrel wall. Using this technique, it was found that a simple, yet very common, bow-shaped curvature to the right verses left, for example, produced a significant shift in COI. Furthermore, it was found that holding the barrel shape constant dramatically reduced the standard deviation (dispersion) of shot impacts about COI. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Bundy, ML (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DEFENCE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION DOCUMENTATION CENTRE PI DELHI PA METCALFE HOUSE, DELHI 110054, INDIA SN 0011-748X J9 DEFENCE SCI J JI Def. Sci. J. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 47 IS 4 BP 427 EP 434 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZE041 UT WOS:000072751400003 ER PT J AU Bundy, ML AF Bundy, ML TI Plastic guidance fins for long rod projectiles SO DEFENCE SCIENCE JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Projectile tail fins on long rod kinetic energy (KE) penetrators serve the same purpose as fletchings (feathers) on an arrow, namely, they help align the projectile axis with its velocity vector. This reduces the projectile's yaw and hence reduces its aerodynamic drag. In addition, a low yaw angle at target impact helps to maximise the projectile's target penetration. It is typical for projectiles to exit the gun muzzle and enter free flight at some non-zero yaw angle. Aerodynamic forces acting on yawed tail Fms create a stabilising torque about the projectile's centre of gravity (CG). This torque can be increased by making the fin material lighter. Most conventional long rod penetrators fired from high performance guns have tail fins made from aluminium. However, aluminium can undergo catastrophic oxidation (rapid burning) in-bore. Coating aluminium with Al2O3 (hardcoat) prevents ignition of the substrate, provided solid propellant grain impacts do not chip the brittle hardcoat off the surface. Plastic is lighter than aluminium and less exothermic when oxidized. Therefore, other factors aside, it is conceivable that plastic fins could increase projectile stability while incurring less thermal erosion than aluminium. However, thermal loads are not the only concern when considering plastic an alternative tail fin material. The mechanical strength of plastic is also a critical factor. This paper discusses some of the successes and failures of plastic fins, at least relatively thin fins, for use as KE stabilisers. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Bundy, ML (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU DEFENCE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION DOCUMENTATION CENTRE PI DELHI PA METCALFE HOUSE, DELHI 110054, INDIA SN 0011-748X J9 DEFENCE SCI J JI Def. Sci. J. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 47 IS 4 BP 473 EP 485 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZE041 UT WOS:000072751400008 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Graham, JS Hurst, CG Hackley, BE AF Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Graham, JS Hurst, CG Hackley, BE TI Increased smooth muscle actin, Factor XIIIa, and vimentin-positive cells in the papillary dermis of carbon dioxide laser-debrided porcine skin SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID BASEMENT-MEMBRANE COMPONENTS AB BACKGROUND. Pulsed carbon dioxide (CO2) laser debridement is now being used as therapy for photodamaged skin. It has been proposed that the long duration of erythema and a tissue scaffold, which results from tightening of the collagen helix induced by the laser heat, may lead to tightening of sagging skin and skin creases of lesser magnitude. METHODS. Weanling pigs exposed to mild and moderate erythema producing doses of sulfur mustard (bis-2-chloroethyl sulfide; HD) were treated with the CO2 laser (Tru-Pulse) at 6, 24, and 48 hours after exposure. In addition to histologic examination of laser-debrided and nondebrided biopsy specimens obtained at 14 days after exposure, immunohistochemical staining with antibodies to smooth muscle actin, Factor XIIIa, vimentin, and CD3 was performed. RESULTS. CO2 laser debridement of the HD-exposed skin resulted in clearing of the cytologic atypia induced by this chemical carcinogen and reduced the inflammatory infiltrate. In addition laser debridement resulted in increased numbers of stromal cells within the papillary dermis, which showed immunohistochemical staining for smooth muscle actin, Factor XIIIa, and vimentin. CONCLUSIONS. CO2 laser debridement is effective in clearing the epidermis of cytologically damage cells in HD as well as solar-damaged skin. In addition CO2 laser debridement may result in tightening of sagging skill and produce a decrease in skin creases initially, by inducing increased stromal cells within the papillary dermis, with prominent contractile actin filaments. The collagen produced by these stromal cells may subsequently maintain these improvements in the photoaged skin. (C) 1997 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. C1 USA, MED RES INST CHEM DEF, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD 21010 USA. LAB CORP AMER, HORNDON, VA USA. OFF DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY DEF CHEM & BIOL MA, ARLINGTON, VA USA. RP Smith, KJ (reprint author), NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT DERMATOL, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NR 11 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 23 IS 10 BP 891 EP 895 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA YE026 UT WOS:A1997YE02600006 PM 9357497 ER PT J AU Haverkos, HW AF Haverkos, HW TI Could the aetiology of IDDM be multifactorial? SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; VIRUS-SPECIFIC IGM; COXSACKIE-B VIRUSES; JUVENILE-ONSET; CHILDREN; RISK; CHILDHOOD; DETERMINANTS; PATHOGENESIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 51 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD OCT PY 1997 VL 40 IS 10 BP 1235 EP 1240 DI 10.1007/s001250050813 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA XY788 UT WOS:A1997XY78800018 PM 9349608 ER PT J AU Fidock, DA Pasquetto, V Gras, H Badell, E Eling, W Ballou, WR Belghiti, J Tartar, A Druilhe, P AF Fidock, DA Pasquetto, V Gras, H Badell, E Eling, W Ballou, WR Belghiti, J Tartar, A Druilhe, P TI Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite invasion is inhibited by naturally acquired or experimentally induced polyclonal antibodies to the STARP antigen SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; STARP; antibody inhibition of sporozoite invasion; seroepidemiology ID BLOOD-STAGE ANTIGENS; CD8+ T-CELLS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE-PROTEIN; MALARIA SPOROZOITES; SURFACE PROTEIN-2; HEPATOMA-CELLS; B-CELL; PROTECTIVE ANTIBODIES; DEPENDENT IMMUNITY; ANONYMOUS PROTEIN AB Antibody(Ab)-mediated inhibition of sporozoite invasion of hepatocytes is a mechanism that has been clearly demonstrated to act upon Plasmodium falciparum pre-erythrocytic stages in humans. Consequently we have analyzed the Ab response to a recently identified P. falciparum sporozoite surface protein, STARP, in malaria-exposed individuals and tested the inhibitory effect of these Ab upon hepatocyte invasion in vitro. STARP-specific IgG were detected in 90 and 61% of sera from regions where individuals were exposed to 100 and 1-5 infectious bites per year, respectively. These IgG were predominantly of the cytophilic IgG1 or IgG3 type. STARP and the major sporozoite surface protein, CS, elicited equivalent IgG levels in adults. When affinity purified from either African immune sera or the serum of an individual experimentally protected by irradiated sporozoite immunization, STARP-specific Ab prevented up to 90% of sporozoites from invading human hepatocytes. The dose-dependent and reproducible inhibition was more pronounced than that observed with human CS-specific Ab affinity purified under identical conditions. Substantial reduction of sporozoite invasion was also observed with Ab induced by artificial immunization with recombinant STARP protein and reactive with the native protein. Taken together with recent findings of human cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for this antigen, these results promote the interest of studying the efficacy of STARP as a target for immune effector mechanisms operating upon pre-erythrocytic stages. C1 INST PASTEUR,LAB PARASITOL BIOMED,F-75724 PARIS 15,FRANCE. INST PASTEUR,CHIM BIOMOL LAB,CNRS,URA 1309,F-59019 LILLE,FRANCE. UNIV NIJMEGEN HOSP,DEPT MED MICROBIOL,NL-6500 HB NIJMEGEN,NETHERLANDS. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC. HOP BEAUJON,CLICHY,FRANCE. OI Fidock, David/0000-0001-6753-8938 NR 80 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 27 IS 10 BP 2502 EP 2513 DI 10.1002/eji.1830271007 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA YB498 UT WOS:A1997YB49800006 PM 9368603 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, EE Keith, B AF Gottlieb, EE Keith, B TI The academic research-teaching nexus in eight advanced-industrialized countries SO HIGHER EDUCATION LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this study is to examine the international complexities of the research-teaching nexus in higher educational institutions. The Carnegie International Survey of the Academic Profession is employed to compare teaching and research activities in eight countries. These countries include the former West Germany, United Kingdom, Sweden, The United States, Australia, Israel, Japan, and South Korea. Findings reveal that teaching and research are not mutually exclusive activities in the work/life of faculty Research oriented faculty are more likely to view their research commitments as being competitive with teaching. Research is found to positively affect teaching, but attributes of teaching (e.g., course load, student demand, etc.) negatively impact research. In addition, the paper finds academic orientation and the number of articles published during the past three years to be the most important factors in determining the number of weekly hours spent on research and teaching activities. C1 W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Gottlieb, EE (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-1560 J9 HIGH EDUC JI High. Educ. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 34 IS 3 BP 397 EP 419 DI 10.1023/A:1003028023964 PG 23 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA YM984 UT WOS:000071121500006 ER PT J AU Brown, DR Lloyd, JP Schmidt, JJ AF Brown, DR Lloyd, JP Schmidt, JJ TI Identification and characterization of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against botulinum neurotoxin, serotype F, following vaccination with active toxin SO HYBRIDOMA LA English DT Article ID E DERIVATIVE TOXIN; TETANUS TOXIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; A NEUROTOXIN; B NEUROTOXIN; MICE; IMMUNIZATION; FRAGMENTS; EPITOPES AB Clostridium botulinum may produce any of seven known serotypes of neurotoxin (BoNT/A-/G), which are the most toxic bacterial proteins known, Efforts to develop a second-generation vaccine to these toxins would benefit from the isolation of hybridomas producing neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), We hypothesized that previous efforts to isolate neutralizing MAbs against various BoNTs failed due to use of toxoided, chemically altered antigens, We employed a novel vaccination regimen employing native, active, single-chain BoNT/E (scBoNT/E), A number of the BoNT/E immunized mice were further vaccinated Kith lethal doses of fully active BoNT/F. MAb 7F8 consistently neutralized BoNT/F in three different assays: in vivo neutralization, passive neutralization, and neutralization of regional paralysis, There was no detectable recognition and essentially no neutralization of scBoNT/E. The epitope recognized by this MAb was denatured when treated with formalin, urea, guanidine chloride, or sodium dodecyl sulfate, Preliminary epitope mapping studies indicate that the MAb bound to a conformational epitope. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT IMMUNOL & MOL BIOL,DIV TOXICOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT CELL BIOL & BIOCHEM,DIV TOXICOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0272-457X J9 HYBRIDOMA JI Hybridoma PD OCT PY 1997 VL 16 IS 5 BP 447 EP 456 DI 10.1089/hyb.1997.16.447 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA YE707 UT WOS:A1997YE70700006 PM 9388028 ER PT J AU Brown, DR AF Brown, DR TI 7F8.G2.H3 (''7F8''): Active botulinum neurotoxin, serotype F (BoNT/F) SO HYBRIDOMA LA English DT Article RP Brown, DR (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,BACTERIOL DIV,1425 PORTER ST,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0272-457X J9 HYBRIDOMA JI Hybridoma PD OCT PY 1997 VL 16 IS 5 BP 493 EP 493 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA YE707 UT WOS:A1997YE70700018 ER PT J AU Heim, PJS Dagenais, M Krainak, MA Leavitt, R AF Heim, PJS Dagenais, M Krainak, MA Leavitt, R TI High-sensitivity semiconductor optically preamplified Q-PPM receiver SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE optical receivers; pulse position modulation; satellite communications; semiconductor optical amplifiers AB An optically preamplified receiver for 980-nm laser intersatellite communications Is reported. A record sensitivity of 330 photons/bit for a semiconductor optically preamplified receiver is obtained at 50 Mb/s with quaternary pulse-position-modulation (Q-PPM). The experimental results are shown to be in excellent agreement with a novel exact calculation of the optically preamplified receiver Q-PPM bit-error rate (BER). Calculated performance based on these results shows that with an improved optical transmitter the receiver attains 1.5 dB higher sensitivity than previously achieved at this wavelength. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. ARMY RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Heim, PJS (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 9 IS 10 BP 1394 EP 1396 DI 10.1109/68.623274 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA XV977 UT WOS:A1997XV97700032 ER PT J AU Miller, T Potter, L McCorkle, J AF Miller, T Potter, L McCorkle, J TI RFI suppression for ultra wideband radar SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION; BAND RADAR; RADIO AB An estimate-and-subtract algorithm is presented for the real-time digital suppression of radio frequency interference (RFI) in ultrawideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems used for foliage- and ground-penetrating imaging. The algorithm separately processes fixed- and variable-frequency interferers. Excision of estimated targets greatly reduces bias in RFI estimates, thereby reducing target energy loss and sidelobe levels in SAR imagery. Performance is demonstrated on data collected with the Army Research Laboratory's UWB rail SAR. C1 USA,RES LAB,MICROWAVE SENSOR BRANCH,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Miller, T (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,2015 NEIL AVE,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. RI Potter, Lee/F-8668-2014 OI Potter, Lee/0000-0002-1537-1627 NR 22 TC 52 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9251 J9 IEEE T AERO ELEC SYS JI IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 33 IS 4 BP 1142 EP 1156 DI 10.1109/7.625096 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA XZ476 UT WOS:A1997XZ47600006 ER PT J AU Rizvi, SA Wang, LC Nasrabadi, NM AF Rizvi, SA Wang, LC Nasrabadi, NM TI Nonlinear vector prediction using feed-forward neural networks SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Letter DE functional link network; image compression; multilayer perceptron; neural network; predictive vector quantization; radial basis function network; vector prediction ID QUANTIZATION AB The performance of a classical linear vector predictor is limited by its ability to exploit only the linear correlation between the blocks. However, a nonlinear predictor exploits the higher order correlations among the neighboring blocks, and can predict edge blocks,vith increased accuracy. In this paper, we have investigated several neural network architectures that can be used to implement a nonlinear vector predictor, including the multilayer perceptron (MLP), the functional link (FL) network, and the radial basis function (RBF) network. Our experimental results show that a neural network predictor can predict the blocks containing edges with a higher accuracy than a Linear predictor. C1 SUNY BUFFALO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,AMHERST,NY 14260. USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Rizvi, SA (reprint author), CUNY COLL STATEN ISL,DEPT APPL SCI,STATEN ISL,NY 10314, USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1057-7149 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 6 IS 10 BP 1431 EP 1436 DI 10.1109/83.624963 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA XX236 UT WOS:A1997XX23600008 PM 18282897 ER PT J AU Bao, JZ Lu, ST Hurt, WD AF Bao, JZ Lu, ST Hurt, WD TI Complex dielectric measurements and analysis of brain tissues in the radio and microwave frequencies SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE brain tissues; complex dielectric constant; complex nonlinear modeling; open-ended coaxial probe technique; radio and microwave frequencies ID ENDED COAXIAL-LINE; PROBE; SPECTROSCOPY AB We present in-vitro complex dielectric measurements of gray and white matter of rat brains in the frequency range between 45 MHz and 26.5 GHz at body and room temperatures using the open-ended coaxial probe technique with an HP8510B network analyzer. The measurement data exhibited two separated dispersions, and were analyzed by means of a complex nonlinear least-squares technique. We suggest two empirical models to describe the experimental data: one containing two Cole-Cole functions was applied to the data from this paper, and another including one Havriliak-Negami and one Cole-Cole function was utilized to a combination of past and present literature data in a wider frequency range from 100 kHz to 26.5 GHz. The adoption of previously published data at the frequencies below 45 MHz increases the valid frequency range of the model. C1 USA, MED RES DETACHMENT, BROOKS AFB, TX 78235 USA. ARMSTRONG LAB, BROOKS AFB, TX 78235 USA. RP Bao, JZ (reprint author), MCKESSON BIOSERV, BROOKS AFB, TX 78235 USA. NR 24 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 45 IS 10 BP 1730 EP 1741 DI 10.1109/22.641720 PN 1 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA YA625 UT WOS:A1997YA62500009 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK AF Bhattacharjee, AK TI Structural and electrostatic homology between some bipyridine cardiotonics and thyroxine (T-4) hormone: An ab initio theoretical study SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY SECTION B-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY INCLUDING MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MILRINONE ANALOGS; THYROID-HORMONE; BINDING AB Structural and electrostatic potential profiles of thyroxine (T-4) have been investigated and compared with milrinone and amrinone using ab initio (3-21 G) quantum chemical method. The optimized structure of thyroxine is observed to be essentially similar to its crystallographic structure. The calculated electronic profiles of the three molecules indicate that only milrinone has structural and electrostatic homology between the phenolic ring of thyroxine and the substituted ring of milrinone. The electrostatic homology as a consequence of the twisted structure and reduced torsional flexibility of milrinone may be responsible for its observed thyromimetic potential towards Ca2+-ATPase. C1 Lady Keane Coll, Dept Chem, Shillong 793001, Meghalaya, India. RP Bhattacharjee, AK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION PI NEW DELHI PA DR K S KRISHNAN MARG, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIA SN 0376-4699 J9 INDIAN J CHEM B JI Indian J. Chem. Sect B-Org. Chem. Incl. Med. Chem. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 36 IS 10 BP 938 EP 942 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA YR948 UT WOS:000071547900022 ER PT J AU Denoel, PA Crawford, RM Zygmunt, MS Tibor, A Weynants, VE Godfroid, F Hoover, DL Letesson, JJ AF Denoel, PA Crawford, RM Zygmunt, MS Tibor, A Weynants, VE Godfroid, F Hoover, DL Letesson, JJ TI Survival of a bacterioferritin deletion mutant of Brucella melitensis 16M in human monocyte-derived macrophages SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID 2,3-DIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID; INTRACELLULAR GROWTH; MYCOBACTERIUM-LEPRAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IRON; ABORTUS; GENE; PHAGOCYTES; TRANSPOSON; SEQUENCE AB A bacterioferritin (BFR) deletion mutant of Brucella melitensis 16M was generated by gene replacement. The deletion was complemented with a broad-host-range vector carrying the wild-type bfr gene, pBBR-bfr. The survival and growth of the mutant, B. melitensis PAD 2-78, were similar to those of its parental strain in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). These results suggest that BFR is not essential for the intracellular survival of B. melitensis in human MDM. C1 INRA, PATHOL INFECT & IMMUNOL LAB, F-37380 NOUZILLY, FRANCE. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL, DEPT INFECT & PARASIT DIS, WASHINGTON, DC 20306 USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT BACTERIAL DIS, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP Denoel, PA (reprint author), FAC UNIV NOTRE DAME PAIX, LAB MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, UR BIOL MOL, 61 RUE BRUXELLES, B-5000 NAMUR, BELGIUM. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 65 IS 10 BP 4337 EP 4340 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XY522 UT WOS:A1997XY52200051 PM 9317046 ER PT J AU Grebogi, C Lai, YC Hayes, S AF Grebogi, C Lai, YC Hayes, S TI Control and applications of chaos SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIFURCATION AND CHAOS LA English DT Review ID UNSTABLE PERIODIC-ORBITS; CHUA CIRCUIT; UNIVERSAL CIRCUIT; FEEDBACK-CONTROL; TRANSIENT CHAOS; SYNCHRONIZATION; TRAJECTORIES; ATTRACTORS; TRACKING; SYSTEMS AB This review describes a procedure or stabilizing a desirable chaotic orbit embedded in a chaotic attractor of dissipative dynamical systems by using small feedback control. The key observation is that certain chaotic orbits may correspond to a desirable system performance. By carefully selecting such an orbit, and then applying small feedback control to stabilize a trajectory from a random initial condition around the target chaotic orbit, desirable system performance can be achieved. As applications, three examples are considered: (1) synchronization of chaotic systems; (2) conversion of transient chaos into sustained chaos; and (3) controlling symbolic dynamics for communication. The first and third problems are potentially relevant to communication in engineering, and the solution of the second problem can be applied to electrical power systems to avoid catastrophic events such as the voltage collapse. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Math, Inst Plasma Res, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. Univ Kansas, Dept Math, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Grebogi, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Math, Inst Plasma Res, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA JOURNAL DEPT PO BOX 128 FARRER ROAD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE SN 0218-1274 J9 INT J BIFURCAT CHAOS JI Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos PD OCT PY 1997 VL 7 IS 10 BP 2175 EP 2197 DI 10.1142/S021812749700159X PG 23 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Mathematics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZR447 UT WOS:000073976500001 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Yeager, J Tuur, S Angritt, P Wagner, KE AF Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Yeager, J Tuur, S Angritt, P Wagner, KE TI Histopathologic features seen in cutaneous photoeruptions in HIV-positive patients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LIVER-DISEASE; KAPPA-B; INFECTION; AIDS; GLUTATHIONE; CELLS; ACTIVATION; APOPTOSIS AB Background There have been scattered reports of HIV+ patients with increased reactions to light as well as anecdotal reports of HIV+ patients with increased morbidity secondary to radiation therapy. Methods As a part of a military study of HIV+ patients, we followed 987 patients for cutaneous disease for 4 years. All patients were questioned on a periodic basis about increased sensitivity to light. These patients received a physical examination at each protocol visit, and they were given the opportunity to receive all their dermatologic care within the HIV clinic. Fourteen of the patients with photo-induced eruptions were evaluated clinically at the time of the eruption, and 11 of these were biopsied. Results Thirty-three of the patients reported photo-induced reactions unrelated to oral medications. Although sensitivity to light often began in the early stages of HIV disease, reactions became more severe and more chronic with disease progression. Histologic features varied from few to numerous apoptotic/necrotic keratinocytes within the mid to upper levels of the epidermis associated with a perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, to apoptotic/necrotic keratinocytes throughout an acanthotic epidermis with a lichenoid/interface infiltrate. Conclusions Although the pathogenesis of these light reactions is not known, these reactions may be related to depletion of endogenous scavengers which results in increased oxidative stress and is modulated by the pattern of immune dysregulation and metabolic dysregulation induced by HIV disease. C1 USA, MED RES INST CHEM DEF, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD 21010 USA. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL, DEPT DERMATOL, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. HENRY M JACKSON FDN, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. RP Smith, KJ (reprint author), NATL NAVAL MED CTR, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [YO1AR00014, YO1AR90008] NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 36 IS 10 BP 745 EP 753 DI 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00285.x PG 9 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA YE850 UT WOS:A1997YE85000006 PM 9372348 ER PT J AU Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Tuur, S Yeager, J Decker, C Wagner, KE AF Smith, KJ Skelton, HG Tuur, S Yeager, J Decker, C Wagner, KE TI Increased cutaneous toxicity to ionizing radiation in HIV-positive patients SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CHRONIC PHOTOSENSITIVITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; KAPPA-B; INFECTION; ACTIVATION; APOPTOSIS; AIDS; TRANSCRIPTION; LIGHT AB Background There are reports of increased reactions in HIV-1+ patients to ultraviolet light sometimes in association with medication. In addition, there are also reports of increased morbidity associated with radiation therapy in HIV-1+ patients. Methods Three HIV-1+ patients developed cutaneous toxic reactions to radiation therapy; two with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and one with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Conclusions Although the mechanisms which resulted in these reactions are not clear, they may be related to depletion of endogenous scavengers and may be accentuated by the pattern of immune dysregulation present in HIV-1 disease. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, MED RES INST CHEM DEF, BETHESDA, MD 21010 USA. USA, DEPT DERMATOPATHOL, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD USA. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. HENRY M JACKSON FDN, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0NE SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 36 IS 10 BP 779 EP 782 DI 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00255.x PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA YE850 UT WOS:A1997YE85000015 PM 9372357 ER PT J AU Kumar, M Boyd, JT Jackson, HE Zavada, JM Jenkinson, HA Wilson, RG Theys, B Chevallier, J AF Kumar, M Boyd, JT Jackson, HE Zavada, JM Jenkinson, HA Wilson, RG Theys, B Chevallier, J TI Channel optical waveguides formed by deuterium passivation in GaAs and InP SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ACCEPTORS AB Channel optical waveguides have been formed on both GaAs and InP substrates utilizing deuterium passivation of the surface to provide planar confinement and etching to provide lateral confinement. Design criteria were established for obtaining single mode channel waveguides for the present case of small index changes and thick surface layers associated with deuterium passivation. Planar and channel waveguide operations were demonstrated and channel waveguide propagation losses have been measured, For GaAs channel waveguides, optical loss was measured as a function of channel waveguide width, ranging from 3 to 9 mu m, with a minimum loss found for a width of 6.0 mu m. Channel waveguide losses as low as 12.7 dB/cm for GaAs and 6.0 dB/cm for InP have been measured at lambda = 1.3 mu m. For InP this loss value is close to the limiting value imposed by free carrier absorption in the semiconductor region below the passivated region. Since the waveguide loss due to free carriers can be reduced by increasing waveguide confinement, we anticipate that lower loss optical channel waveguides could be formed by this technique. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI, DEPT PHYS, CINCINNATI, OH 45221 USA. USA, RES OFF, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. USA, ARMAMENT RES DEV & ENGN CTR, PICATINNY ARSENAL, NJ 07806 USA. HUGHES RES LABS, MALIBU, CA 90265 USA. CNRS, PHYS SOLIDES LAB, F-92195 MEUDON, FRANCE. RP UNIV CINCINNATI, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, CINCINNATI, OH 45221 USA. RI Jackson, Howard/K-4881-2012 NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 7 BP 3205 EP 3213 DI 10.1063/1.365626 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XY057 UT WOS:A1997XY05700006 ER PT J AU Yu, SG Kim, KW Stroscio, MA Iafrate, GJ Sun, JP Haddad, GI AF Yu, SG Kim, KW Stroscio, MA Iafrate, GJ Sun, JP Haddad, GI TI Transfer matrix method for interface optical-phonon modes in multiple-interface heterostructure systems SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELLS; ELECTRONIC POLARIZABILITY; SUPERLATTICES; SCATTERING; LASERS; GAAS; ALAS AB Interactions of carriers with interface optical phonons dominate over other carrier-phonon scatterings in narrow quantum-well structures. Herein, a transfer matrix method is used to establish a formalism for determining the dispersion relations, electrostatic potentials, and Frohlich interaction Hamiltonians of the interface optical phonons for multiple-interface heterostructure systems within the framework of the macroscopic dielectric continuum model. This method facilitates systematic calculations for complex structures where the conventional method is very difficult to implement. Several specific cases are treated to illustrate the advantages of the general formalism. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RALEIGH,NC 27695. RP Yu, SG (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 18 TC 66 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 7 BP 3363 EP 3367 DI 10.1063/1.365649 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XY057 UT WOS:A1997XY05700029 ER PT J AU Paulavicius, G Mickevicius, R Mitin, V Stroscio, MA AF Paulavicius, G Mickevicius, R Mitin, V Stroscio, MA TI Hot-phonon effects on electron runaway from GaAs quantum wires SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CASCADE LASER; SCATTERING; TRANSISTORS; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; LIMIT AB Nonequilibrium (hot) optical phonon effects on electron runaway from GaAs quantum wires embedded in AlGaAs have been investigated by Monte Carlo technique. We have simulated the carrier runaway kinetics in the 0 2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XX162 UT WOS:A1997XX16200010 ER PT J AU Zhou, YM Derby, JJ AF Zhou, YM Derby, JJ TI Three-dimensional computations of solution hydrodynamics during the growth of potassium dihydrogen phosphate .1. Spin up and steady rotation SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Workshop on Modelling in Crystal Growth CY OCT 13-16, 1996 CL DURBUY, BELGIUM DE solution growth; three-dimensional modeling; fluid flow ID MATERIALS PROCESSING SYSTEMS; FINITE-ELEMENT COMPUTATIONS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SOLUTION; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; MASSIVELY-PARALLEL; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; MORPHOLOGICAL STABILITY; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; CONNECTION MACHINE; VICINAL FACE AB A novel, massively parallel implementation of the Galerkin finite element method is used to study three-dimensional, time-dependent flows which occur during the rapid growth of potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals from solution in a system employed by researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Computations for the hydrodynamics of system spin up and steady rotation indicate the importance of time-dependent flow phenomena and emphasize the significant role played by the support and crystal geometry in forming the complicated flows in this system. Predicted flow structures correlate well with experimental observations of inclusion formation. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,ARMY HPC RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 68 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD OCT PY 1997 VL 180 IS 3-4 BP 497 EP 509 DI 10.1016/S0022-0248(97)00251-0 PG 13 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA YC178 UT WOS:A1997YC17800020 ER PT J AU Welch, GE AF Welch, GE TI Two-dimensional computational model for wave rotor flow dynamics SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 10-13, 1996 CL BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND ID EULER EQUATIONS AB A two-dimensional (theta, z) Navier-Stokes solver for multiport wave rotor flow simulation is described. The finite-volume forms of the unsteady thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations are integrated in time on multiblock grids that represent the stationary inlet and outlet ports and the moving rotor passages of the wave rotor. Computed results are compared with three-port wave rotor experimental data. The model is applied to predict the performance of a planned four-port wave rotor experiment. Two-dimensional flow features that reduce machine performance and influence rotor blade and duct wall thermal loads are identified. RP NASA, LEWIS RES CTR, USA, RES LAB, VEHICLE TECHNOL CTR, CLEVELAND, OH 44135 USA. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0742-4795 EI 1528-8919 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1997 VL 119 IS 4 BP 978 EP 985 DI 10.1115/1.2817086 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA YD474 UT WOS:A1997YD47400033 ER PT J AU Price, CB Brannon, JM Hayes, CA AF Price, CB Brannon, JM Hayes, CA TI Effect of redox potential and pH on TNT transformation in soil-water slurries SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE; SYSTEM; IRON AB The presence of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its transformation products in surface soil, the vadose zone, and ground water can present serious environmental problems. This situation is exacerbated because the processes that control the mobility and transformation of TNT are not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of redox potential (Eh) and pH on the fate and transformation of TNT in soil. An initial investigation of soil components responsible for the observed TNT transformation was also conducted. Laboratory investigations consisted of testing at four separate redox potentials and four pH levels. An 18:1 (water:soil) suspension spiked with 100 mu g/g TNT was used. Results indicated that TNT was unstable under all redox and pH conditions, and was least stable under highly reducing conditions at all four pH values. Greater amounts of TNT were incorporated into soil organic matter under anaerobic than under aerobic conditions. Results of the soil component study indicated that the presence of Fe+2 sorbed to clay surfaces may account for the rapid disappearance of TNT at reduced redox potentials. TNT in ground water moving into areas of intense reduction would not persist for long, but would undergo transformation and binding by soil organic matter. C1 AMER SCI INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22101. RP Price, CB (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 10 BP 988 EP 992 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1997)123:10(988) PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA XX176 UT WOS:A1997XX17600007 ER PT J AU Dave, V McCarthy, SP AF Dave, V McCarthy, SP TI Review of Konjac glucomannan SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLYMER DEGRADATION LA English DT Review DE Konjac glucomannan; polysaccharides; hydrocolloids; gelation; aqueous processing; liquid crystalline phases ID LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE SOLUTIONS; CELLULOSE-BASED FIBERS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MANNAN; POLYSACCHARIDE; MECHANISM; CHITOSAN; XANTHAN; DIFFRACTION; BEHAVIOR AB The paper reviews the solution and gelling properties of konjac glucomannan (KGM) and its interactions with other hydrocolloids such as xanthan and carrageenan for food applications. Research activities in the area of KGM processing in environmentally friendly aqueous environments have been discussed for coatings and packaging applications. C1 Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Plast Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Natick Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Dave, V (reprint author), Johnson & Johnson Consumer Prod Inc, 199 Grandview Rd,SE 123, Skillman, NJ 08558 USA. NR 67 TC 44 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 39 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1064-7546 J9 J ENVIRON POLYM DEGR JI J. Environ. Polym. Degrad. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 5 IS 4 BP 237 EP 241 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA YR136 UT WOS:000071463700006 ER PT J AU Stockstill, RL Berger, RC Nece, RE AF Stockstill, RL Berger, RC Nece, RE TI Two-dimensional flow model for trapezoidal high-velocity channels SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID MOVING FINITE-ELEMENTS; COMPUTATION; SIMULATION AB A two-dimensional numerical flow model for trapezoidal high-velocity channels is developed. The model is designed specifically for simulation of flow in channels having sloping sidewalls in which the depth is an unknown variable in the governing equations and therefore the plan view of the flow domain is not known a priori. Solutions are obtained by time stepping from specified initial conditions using an implicit Petrov-Galerkin moving finite-element representation of the governing equations. The moving finite-element model produces a simultaneous solution for the boundary displacement and flow variables. This implementation provides stable solutions for supercritical flow even at relatively large Courant numbers. The model is tested by comparison of simulation results with laboratory data. These data sets serve as a basis for evaluation of the numerical model and should also prove useful to researchers in testing other numerical flow models applied to supercritical flow in channels having sloping sidewalls. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Stockstill, RL (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,CEWES,HS S,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 10 BP 844 EP 852 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:10(844) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XX494 UT WOS:A1997XX49400002 ER PT J AU Seal, R Paola, C Parker, G Southard, JB Wilcock, PR AF Seal, R Paola, C Parker, G Southard, JB Wilcock, PR TI Experiments on downstream fining of gravel .1. Narrow-channel runs SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID MIXED-SIZE SEDIMENT; BED STREAMS; RIVER; ENTRAINMENT; TRANSPORT; ABRASION; LOAD AB We present the results of three laboratory experiments in which longitudinally sorted deposits were formed by feeding poorly sorted sediment at the upstream end of a narrow, 45-m-long channel. The input sediment had a median size of 6 mm and included significant amounts of material up to 64 mm and down to 0.2 mm. Water discharge was constant at 49 L/s and sediment discharge varied from 0.048 to 0.19 kg/s. Downstream fining was produced in all three runs; the variation in sediment-feed rate had relatively little effect on the fining profiles. In all three runs, the formation of a longitudinally sorted deposit was mediated by the formation of a coarse surface layer. The surface layer remained at the top of the deposit during aggradation by continually reforming itself at the deposit surface. The coarse surface layer fined by approximately a factor of 2 in D-50 and D-50 consistently in all three experiments. The deposit (subsurface) fined less, with D-50 fining more strongly than D-50. The short channel length and the relatively high rate of deposition rule out clast abrasion as the source of fining. The experiments suggest that selective deposition of the coarsest clasts due to unequal mobility is capable of producing fining rates comparable with the highest rates observed in nature. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT CIVIL & MINERAL ENGN, SAFL, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. MIT, DEPT EARTH ATMOSPHER & PLANETARY SCI, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, DEPT GEOG & ENVIRONM ENGN, BALTIMORE, MD 21218 USA. RP Seal, R (reprint author), USA, CORPS ENGINEERS, WATERWAYS EXPT STN, 3909 HALLS FERRY RD, VICKSBURG, MS 39180 USA. RI Wilcock, Peter/A-3299-2010 NR 34 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 12 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 10 BP 874 EP 884 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1997)123:10(874) PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XX494 UT WOS:A1997XX49400005 ER PT J AU Gaudio, PA Sethabutr, O Echeverria, P Hoge, CW AF Gaudio, PA Sethabutr, O Echeverria, P Hoge, CW TI Utility of a polymerase chain reaction diagnostic system in a study of the epidemiology of shigellosis among dysentery patients, family contacts, and well controls living in a shigellosis-endemic area SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; INFECTIONS; DNA; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN; THAILAND; GENE; ENTEROPATHOGENS; AMPLIFICATION AB Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic methods have rarely been used in epidemiologic studies of Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) infections. In this study, amplification of the invasion plasmid antigen H (ipaH) gene by PCR and standard culture methods was used to identify Shigella species or EIEC among 154 patients with dysentery, 154 age-matched controls, and family contacts in Thailand. The ipaH PCR system increased the detection of Shigella species and EIEC from 58% to 79% among patients with dysentery and from 6% to 22% among 527 family contacts; 75% of infections in family members were asymptomatic. Detection of the ipaH gene was statistically associated with dysentery. Household contacts of patients with shigellosis diagnosed only by PCR had significantly higher rates of shigellosis than household contacts of patients who did not have Shigella or EIEC infections. Detection of the ipaH gene by PCR is far more sensitive than detection by standard culture and is highly correlated with evidence of Shigella transmission among family contacts. C1 ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED, BRONX, NY 10467 USA. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. NR 29 TC 34 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 176 IS 4 BP 1013 EP 1018 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XZ465 UT WOS:A1997XZ46500021 PM 9333160 ER PT J AU Sitz, KV LoomisPrice, LD RattoKim, S Kenner, JR Sau, P Eckels, KH Redfield, RR Birx, DL AF Sitz, KV LoomisPrice, LD RattoKim, S Kenner, JR Sau, P Eckels, KH Redfield, RR Birx, DL TI Delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing using third variable loop peptides identifies T lymphocyte epitopes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT VIII Annual Meeting of the National-Cooperative-Vaccine-Development-Groups-for-AIDS CY FEB 11-15, 1996 CL BETHESDA, MD SP Natl Cooperat Vaccine Dev Grp AIDS ID HIV-1-SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; HIV; PROGRESSION; PROTEIN; LINES AB Cellular immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, particularly in vivo responses, have been difficult to study in large patient cohorts because of technical impediments. By use of small peptide fragments of the HIV-1 gp120 third Variable loop, the CD4 T lymphocyte epitopes of 2 HIV-infected persons were mapped using a cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) assay. The in vivo DTH responses correlated with epitopes previously identified in vitro using CD4 T lymphocyte lines. The ability to determine CD4 T lymphocyte epitopes in large cohorts of patients using this simple in vivo technique would provide important diagnostic and prognostic data regarding effective immunoregulation of HIV-1. This technique should have broad applicability in HIV vaccine development and in the investigation of other immune-mediated human diseases. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD. HENRY M JACKSON FDN,ROCKVILLE,MD. UNIV MARYLAND,INST BIOTECHNOL,INST HUMAN VIROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 176 IS 4 BP 1085 EP 1089 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XZ465 UT WOS:A1997XZ46500034 PM 9333173 ER PT J AU Wolden, CA Davis, RF Sitar, Z Prater, JT AF Wolden, CA Davis, RF Sitar, Z Prater, JT TI In situ mass spectrometry during diamond chemical vapor deposition using a low pressure flat flame SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; GROWTH-MECHANISM; METHYL RADICALS; ROTATING-DISK; SCALING LAWS; SURFACE; KINETICS; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATIONS; REACTORS AB A combination of experiments and detailed kinetic modeling was used to investigate diamond deposition chemistry in low pressure combustion synthesis. Microprobe sampling was employed to provide in situ, quantitative measurements of the stable gas-phase species impinging the growth surface. The reactant gas ratio was found to be the most critical experimental variable. A detailed kinetic model was developed for the stagnation flow system. Comparison of experimental measurements showed very good agreement with model predictions. The model was then used to predict the concentration of radical species and analyze the sensitivity of predictions to gamma(H), the probability of atomic hydrogen recombination on the surface. It was shown that gamma(H) dramatically affects the distribution of radical species near the diamond surface. The analysis also indicates that atomic carbon may be an important gas-phase precursor in this system. Comparison of mole fraction measurements and observations of film morphology were used to draw conclusions on the growth mechanism. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, RALEIGH, NC 27695 USA. USA, RES OFF, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. RI Davis, Robert/A-9376-2011 OI Davis, Robert/0000-0002-4437-0885 NR 61 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 12 IS 10 BP 2733 EP 2742 DI 10.1557/JMR.1997.0364 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YD170 UT WOS:A1997YD17000035 ER PT J AU Raengsakulrach, B Ongajyooth, L Thaiprasert, T Nilwarangkur, S Ongajyooth, S Narupiti, S Thirawuth, V Klungthong, C Snitbhan, R Vaughn, DW AF Raengsakulrach, B Ongajyooth, L Thaiprasert, T Nilwarangkur, S Ongajyooth, S Narupiti, S Thirawuth, V Klungthong, C Snitbhan, R Vaughn, DW TI High prevalence of hepatitis G viremia among kidney transplant patients in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HGV; GB virus C; hepatitis C virus; hepatitis B virus; hemodialysis ID CHRONIC-LIVER-DISEASE; C VIRUS-RNA; GBV-C; FULMINANT-HEPATITIS; MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS; 5'-NONCODING REGION; UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY; NON-A; INFECTION; TRANSFUSION AB Patients receiving kidney transplants (KT) are at high risk for blood borne viral infections. To determine the prevalence of a recently discovered hepatitis G virus (HGV) in this patient group, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) employing primers derived from the NS5 region of the viral genome was utilized. HGV RNA was detected in 40 of 94 KT patients (43%), as compared to 3 of 69 healthy subjects (4.3%). Cocirculation of HGV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA was detected in 12 patients (13%). Comparison of patients with and without HGV revealed that the former had received hemodialysis before transplantation for a significantly longer duration than the latter (28 vs. 17 months, respectively; P < 0.05), The amount of blood transfused and mean levels of liver enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase, were the same in both groups. Sequence analysis of 275-base pair DNA clones obtained from 2 patients revealed approximately 92% sequence homology to the published HGV and GB virus C sequences. These results suggested that HGV infection among Thai KT patients was high and the role of HGV in causing liver disease remains to be determined. (C) 1997 Wiley-Lies, Inc. C1 USA,MED COMPONENT,ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT VIROL,BANGKOK,THAILAND. MAHIDOL UNIV,SIRIRAJ HOSP,FAC MED,DEPT MED,RENAL UNIT,BANGKOK 10700,THAILAND. MAHIDOL UNIV,SIRIRAJ HOSP,FAC MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,BANGKOK 10700,THAILAND. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 53 IS 2 BP 162 EP 166 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9071(199710)53:2<162::AID-JMV9>3.0.CO;2-7 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA XZ466 UT WOS:A1997XZ46600009 PM 9334928 ER PT J AU Jimenez, AE AF Jimenez, AE TI Advertising nuclear medicine SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Jimenez, AE (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 38 IS 10 BP 1662 EP 1662 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA XZ766 UT WOS:A1997XZ76600040 ER PT J AU Tassniyom, S Vasanawathana, S Dhiensiri, T Nisalak, A Chirawatkul, A AF Tassniyom, S Vasanawathana, S Dhiensiri, T Nisalak, A Chirawatkul, A TI Failure of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (AC-17) to prevent Dengue vascular permeability or shock: A randomized, controlled trial SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article AB Objective: We studied the ability of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (AC-17) to prevent capillary permeability in dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. Method: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 95 children stratified by age and sex was conducted in two hospitals during 1992. AC-17 (n = 45 cases) or B vitamins as placebo (n = 50) were given as a bolus infusion and then as a continuous drip for 24 hours; a total of 300 mg of AC-17 was administered on the first 2 days and 150 mg on the third day. Results: The two groups were comparable in age, sex, duration of illness, and clinical manifestations. No significant difference in shock or pleural effusion was noted between the two groups. Shock developed in 8.9% (4/45) of patients in the AC-17 group and 6% (3/50) in the placebo group (p = 0.44). Pleural effusion was found at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after admission in 4.4%, 20%, 31.1%, and 20% in the AC-17 group and 2%, 14%, 28%, and 14% in the placebo group, respectively. Conclusion: Administration of AC-17 does not prevent plasma leakage or shock in dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. C1 KHON KAEN UNIV, FAC MED, DEPT PEDIAT, KHON KAEN 40002, THAILAND. KHON KAEN UNIV, FAC PUBL HLTH, DEPT BIOSTAT & DEMOG, KHON KAEN 40002, THAILAND. KHON KAEN PROV HOSP, MINIST PUBL HLTH, DEPT PEDIAT, KHON KAEN, THAILAND. KHON KAEN PROV HOSP, MINIST PUBL HLTH, DEPT RADIOL, KHON KAEN, THAILAND. USA, ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI, DIV VIROL, BANGKOK, THAILAND. RP Tassniyom, S (reprint author), KHON KAEN UNIV, FAC MED, CLIN EPIDEMIOL UNIT, KHON KAEN 40002, THAILAND. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 131 IS 4 BP 525 EP 528 DI 10.1016/S0022-3476(97)70055-6 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA YG843 UT WOS:A1997YG84300008 PM 9386652 ER PT J AU Evans, MD AF Evans, MD TI Editor's letter SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Evans, MD (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,W POINT,NY 10966, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 4 BP 119 EP 119 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA XX344 UT WOS:A1997XX34400001 ER PT J AU Vaughan, NE Letowski, T AF Vaughan, NE Letowski, T TI Effects of age, speech rate, and type of test on temporal auditory processing SO JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE time compression; speech understanding; temporal auditory processing; cognitive slowing; aging ID HEARING-AID COMPARISONS; TIME-COMPRESSED SPEECH; RATING SIR TEST; ELDERLY LISTENERS; INTELLIGIBILITY; MEMORY AB Cognitive slowing that accompanies aging may be reflected in temporal aspects of auditory processing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of age, type of test, and rate of speech on temporal auditory processing. Listeners were divided into three groups: young (25- to 35-year-olds), middle aged (45- to 55-year-olds), and older (65- to 75-year-olds). A method of time compression known as Synchronized Overlap Add (SOLA) was used to increase the rate of speech. This method provides a high-quality speech signal and limits the distortions that may confound the temporal effects on time-compressed tests of speech intelligibility. Listeners performed four speech understanding tasks: sentence repetition, sentence intelligibility rating, connected discourse intelligibility rating, and connected discourse comprehension question and answers at three time-compression rates (60%, 70%, and 80%). Although the older group performed more poorly on all tests, only the connected discourse intelligibility rating test was sensitive to age differences among all three groups. This difference did not appear to increase with rate increases but was present only at the 70% compression rate. In addition, variability was especially high in the oldest group of participants. C1 USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD. RP Vaughan, NE (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT SPEECH & HEARING SCI,601 W 1ST AVE,SPOKANE,WA 99204, USA. NR 34 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOC PI ROCKVILLE PA 10801 ROCKVILLE PIKE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852-3279 SN 1092-4388 J9 J SPEECH LANG HEAR R JI J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1192 EP 1200 PG 9 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation GA XZ501 UT WOS:A1997XZ50100021 PM 9328889 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Meyer, GS Morse, RW Pearson, CE AF Taylor, AJ Meyer, GS Morse, RW Pearson, CE TI Can characteristics of a health care system mitigate ethnic bias in access to cardiovascular procedures? Experience from the military health services system SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CARDIAC PROCEDURES; HEART-DISEASE; RACE; ARTERIOGRAPHY; REGISTRY; RATES; SEX AB Objectives. This study sought to investigate the independent effect of ethnicity on the utilization of invasive cardiac procedures after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Background. The precise role of ethnicity in access to cardiovascular procedures is unknown, particularly because of difficulty in isolating ethnicity from financial and other socioeconomic factors. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the use of cardiac catheterization and coronary revascularization procedures after AMI in military health care beneficiaries. The Military Health Services System (MHSS) ensures equal access to care in an environment without financial incentives for procedural utilization; furthermore, socioeconomic differences between patients beyond ethnicity are minimized. Methods. Data mere analyzed from the Civilian External Peer Review Program representing abstracted chart reviews from 125 military health care facilities worldwide for all patients (1,208 white; 235 nonwhite [155 black]) with the principal or secondary diagnosis of AMI from March to September 1993. Results. Rates of cardiac catheterization were similar in white add nonwhite patients (34.8 vs, 39.1%, p = 0.21). After controlling for age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors and AMI variables, including infarct size and other risk markers, there mere no differences in the use of this procedure during the AMI admission in comparisons of white versus nonwhite patients (estimated odds ratio [OR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69 to 1.34) End white versus black patients (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.78). However, white patients were significantly more likely than nonwhite patients to be ''considered'' for future cardiac catheterization (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.61). Coronary revascularization within 180 days was hot significantly affected by race in white versus nonwhite (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.39) and white versus black patients (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.89). Outcomes (30- and 180-day mortality and readmission rates) were similar far all race groups. Conclusions. There is a limited relation between ethnicity and the use of invasive cardiac procedures in the MHSS. These data raise the promise that characteristics of a health care system can mitigate ethnic bias in medicine. (C) 1997 by the American College of Cardiology. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PREVENT MED & BIOMETR,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,SERV CARDIOL,ROOM 4A,HEATON PAVIL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 19 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 30 IS 4 BP 901 EP 907 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00271-4 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XY449 UT WOS:A1997XY44900009 PM 9316516 ER PT J AU Tiwary, CM Ward, JA Jackson, BA AF Tiwary, CM Ward, JA Jackson, BA TI Effect of pectin on satiety in healthy US Army adults SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Nutrition CY OCT 13-15, 1995 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Coll Nutr DE pectin; hunger; satiety; adults; military; obesity ID DIETARY FIBER; SOLUBLE-FIBER; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; ABSORPTION; INGESTION; MEAL AB Objective: We tested the hypothesis that pectin, a source of dietary fiber that delays gastric emptying, increases satiety. Methods: Male (n = 49) and female (n = 25) US Army employees within normal weight limits were fasted overnight then fed 448 mL of orange juice on 2 separate days followed 4 hours later by 0.473 L of ice cream. On 1 of the 2 days, 5, 10, 15 or 20 g of pectin was mixed with the orange juice. Satiety was measured on a visual analog scale before and at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after orange juice and at 0, 30 and 60 minutes after ice cream. Multivariate ANOVA was used to examine satiety as a function of beverage (orange juice vs. orange juice plus pectin), time and pectin dose. Results: There were significant differences in satiety as a function of beverage (p < 0.001) and time (p < 0.001) but not pectin dose (p = 0.121). The effect lasted up to 4 hours after ingesting pectin and orange juice and for 60 minutes after a second meal consisting of ice cream. Conclusions: Pectin in doses as small as 5 g mixed with orange juice increases satiety and can aid in a program to reduce weight by limiting food intake. C1 USA, Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Med Sci, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Tiwary, CM (reprint author), 424 Sagecrest, San Antonio, TX 78232 USA. NR 25 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER COLL NUTRITION PI NEW YORK PA C/O HOSP. JOINT DIS. 301 E. 17TH ST., NEW YORK, NY 10003 USA SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 16 IS 5 BP 423 EP 428 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA YT621 UT WOS:000071625400007 PM 9322190 ER PT J AU Li, JA OBrien, TK Rousseau, CQ AF Li, JA OBrien, TK Rousseau, CQ TI Test and analysis of composite hat stringer pull-off test specimens SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Hat stringer pull-off tests were performed to evaluate the delamination failure mechanisms in the flange region for a rod-reinforced hat stringer section. A special test fixture was used to pull the hat off the stringer while reacting the pull-off load through roller supports at both stringer flanges. Microscopic examinations of the failed specimens revealed that failure occurred at the ply termination in the flange area where the flange of the stiffener is built up by adding 451-45 tape plies on the top surface. Test results indicated that the as-manufactured microstructure in the flange region has a strong influence on the delamination initiation and the associated pull-off loads. Finite element models were created for each specimen with a detailed mesh based on micrographs of the critical location. A fracture mechanics approach and a mixed mode delamination criterion were used to predict the onset of delamination and the pull-off load. By modeling the critical local details of each specimen from micrographs, the model was able to accurately predict the hat stringer pull-off loads and replicate the variability in the test results. C1 USA,RES LAB,NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA. BELL HELICOPTER TEXTRON INC,FT WORTH,TX. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER HELICOPTER SOC INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 217 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0002-8711 J9 J AM HELICOPTER SOC JI J. Am. Helicopter Soc. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 42 IS 4 BP 350 EP 357 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA YK998 UT WOS:A1997YK99800006 ER PT J AU Ruocco, AS Frieder, O AF Ruocco, AS Frieder, O TI Clustering and classification of large document bases in a parallel environment SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTED ARRAY PROCESSOR; DATABASES; RETRIEVAL AB Development of cluster-based search systems has been hampered by prohibitive times involved in clustering large document sets. Once completed, maintaining cluster organizations is difficult in dynamic file environments. We propose the use of parallel computing systems to overcome the computationally intense clustering process. Two operations are examined. The first is clustering a document set and the second is classifying the document set. A subset of the TIPSTER corpus, specifically, articles from the Wall Street Journal, is used. Document set classification was performed without the large storage requirement (potentially as high as 522M) for ancillary data matrices. In all cases, the time performance of the parallel system was an improvement over sequential system times, and produced the same clustering and classification scheme. Some results show near linear speed up in higher threshold clustering applications. C1 FLORIDA INST TECHNOL,DEPT COMP SCI,MELBOURNE,FL 32901. RP Ruocco, AS (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0002-8231 J9 J AM SOC INFORM SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 48 IS 10 BP 932 EP 943 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(199710)48:10<932::AID-ASI7>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA XX524 UT WOS:A1997XX52400007 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Ren, F Pearton, SJ AF Cole, MW Ren, F Pearton, SJ TI Materials characterization of WSi contacts to n(+)-GaN as a function of rapid thermal annealing temperatures SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OHMIC CONTACTS; GAN; NITRIDE AB Interfacial reactions between sputtered WSI ohmic contacts and single crystal GaN were investigated as a function of rapid annealing temperatures up to 800 degrees C. For annealing temperatures less than or equal to 600 degrees C the metal-semiconductor interface remained structurally and chemically unaltered. The beta-W2N interfacial phase was observed after annealing at 700 and 800 degrees C. Optimization bf this phase and moderate suppression of interfacial irregularities occurred after annealing at 800 degrees C. Our results suggest this contact metallization scheme to be a reasonable choice for high temperature electronics applications, however temperate interfacial irregularity may compromise some device designs. C1 LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,MAT RES DIV,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005, USA. NR 7 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 144 IS 10 BP L275 EP L277 DI 10.1149/1.1838007 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA YB720 UT WOS:A1997YB72000003 ER PT J AU Euliss, GW Athale, RA AF Euliss, GW Athale, RA TI Fundamental limits on bandwidth, efficiency, and parallelism in all-optical and hybrid fan-in SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID SPEED; INTERCONNECTS AB We present an investigation of relationships among the information bandwidth, the optical power efficiency, and the degree of parallelism for optical interconnection architectures that employ fan-in. The foundation for these relationships is the Lagrange invariant, or, more specifically, the constant-radiance theorem. We show that, when restrictions imposed by the constant-radiance theorem are combined with requirements on the probability of error, an upper limit is placed on the bandwidth that is reduced as the fan-in ratio increases. These limitations are significantly more severe when optical fan-in is used to perform analog summations. We then define a measure of processing efficiency that takes into account the influence of optical input power on the probability of error and is used to interpret the results. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. RP Euliss, GW (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 14 IS 10 BP 2726 EP 2736 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.14.002726 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA XY742 UT WOS:A1997XY74200017 ER PT J AU Hill, SC Videen, G Pendleton, JD AF Hill, SC Videen, G Pendleton, JD TI Reciprocity method for obtaining the far fields generated by a source inside or near a microparticle SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE microparticles; emission; Green function; fluorescence; reciprocity; particle on surface; scattering ID PLANE-WAVE SCATTERING; MORPHOLOGY-DEPENDENT RESONANCES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; CONDUCTING PLANE; SPHERICAL-PARTICLE; LIQUID DROPLETS; GROUND PLANE; FLUORESCENCE; CYLINDER; SPHERES AB We show that the far fields generated by a source inside or near a microparticle can be obtained readily by using the reciprocity theorem along with the internal or near fields generated by plane-wave illumination. This method is useful for solving problems for which the scattered fields generated with plane-wave illumination have already been obtained. We illustrate the method for the case of a homogeneous sphere and then apply it to the problem of emission from a dipole inside a sphere that is near a plane interface. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. RP Hill, SC (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 45 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 14 IS 10 BP 2522 EP 2529 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.14.002522 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA YA003 UT WOS:A1997YA00300014 ER PT J AU Rao, DN Rao, SV Aranda, FJ Rao, DVGLN Nakashima, M Akkara, JA AF Rao, DN Rao, SV Aranda, FJ Rao, DVGLN Nakashima, M Akkara, JA TI Ultrafast relaxation times of metalloporphyrins by time-resolved degenerate four-wave mixing with incoherent light SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL INTERACTIONS; PICOSECOND RELAXATION; SPECTROSCOPY; 3RD-ORDER AB We present experimental results on the measurement of the population-relaxation times of the excited states of some metalloporphyrins such as zinc meso-tetra-phenylporphyrin (ZnmTPP), zinc meso-tetra (p-methoxyphenyl) tetrabenzporphyrin (ZnmpTBP), tetratollylporphyrin (TTP), cobalt tetratollylporphyrin (CoTTP) and nickel tetratollylporphyrin (NiTTP) with time-resolved degenerate four-wave mixing with the incoherent emission of a nanosecond pumped-dye laser. The experiments are carried out in the counterpropagating geometry (k(4) = k(1) + k(2) - k(3)), where k(1) and k(2) are counterpropagating to one another and k(3) is at angle theta (<90 degrees with respect to k(1)). Excited-state and ground-state relaxation times are calculated based on the theoretical formalism developed by Hiromi Okamoto [J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 10, 2353, 1993]. The signals are recorded by delaying the probe beam (k(3)) for different fixed delays of the backward pump beam (k(2)). We observe strong signal at a second peak owing to the coherence of beams k(2) and k(3) for samples exhibiting excited-state absorption and a narrow peak corresponding to the coherence of beams k(1) and k(3) for samples that do not exhibit excited-state or reverse-saturable absorption. The nonlinear absorption is studied with the Z-scan technique. From the experimental data, we estimate the relaxation times of excited states. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02125. USA,RES DEV & ENGN CTR,NATICK,MA 01760. RP Rao, DN (reprint author), UNIV HYDERABAD,SCH PHYS,HYDERABAD 500046,ANDHRA PRADESH,INDIA. RI Soma, Venugopal Rao/B-2651-2008; Rao, Devulapalli/L-8863-2015 OI Soma, Venugopal Rao/0000-0001-5361-7256; NR 23 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 14 IS 10 BP 2710 EP 2715 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.14.002710 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA YA003 UT WOS:A1997YA00300038 ER PT J AU Tasaki, O Goodwin, CW Saitoh, D Mozingo, DW Ishihara, S Brinkley, WW Cioffi, WG Pruitt, BA AF Tasaki, O Goodwin, CW Saitoh, D Mozingo, DW Ishihara, S Brinkley, WW Cioffi, WG Pruitt, BA TI Effects of burns on inhalation injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th Annual Meeting of the American-Burn-Association CY MAR 14-17, 1996 CL NASHVILLE, TN SP Amer Burn Assoc DE smoke inhalation; thermal injury; malondialdehyde; hypoproteinemia; multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET) ID SMOKE-INHALATION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; BODY BURN; PULMONARY; EDEMA AB Background: There are few studies of smoke injury combined with thermal burn. Methods: Seven sheep (G1) received smoke injury alone; eight (G2) received a 40% full-thickness scald burn immediately after smoke injury. All animals were resuscitated with lactated Ringer's solution and killed 48 hours after injury. Cardiopulmonary variables and blood gases were measured serially, Ventilation perfusion distribution was analyzed using the multiple inert gas elimination technique. Lung wet to dry weight ratio and malondialdehyde levels were determined. Results: G2 resulted in early significant hemodynamic changes. Serum total protein concentration was significantly lower and malondialdehyde significantly higher in G2. However, Pao(2), lung wet to dry weight ratio, and ventilation perfusion mismatching in G2 did not differ from those in G1. Conclusions: Although the addition of burn injury exaggerated the lung lipid peroxidation and hypoproteinemia in the presence of more pronounced hemodynamic changes, the pulmonary dysfunction was not accentuated. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT SURG,GAINESVILLE,FL. NATL DEF MED COLL,DEPT TRAUMATOL & CRIT CARE MED,TOKOROZAWA,SAITAMA,JAPAN. RHODE ISL HOSP,UNIV SURG ASSOC INC,PROVIDENCE,RI. RP Tasaki, O (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,LIB BRANCH,2322 HARNEY RD,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 1997 VL 43 IS 4 BP 603 EP 607 DI 10.1097/00005373-199710000-00007 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA YD167 UT WOS:A1997YD16700010 PM 9356055 ER PT J AU Dodd, KT Mundie, TG Lagutchik, MS Morris, JR AF Dodd, KT Mundie, TG Lagutchik, MS Morris, JR TI Cardiopulmonary effects of high-impulse noise exposure SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article ID MYOCARDIAL CONTUSION; INJURY; MODEL; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; PERMEABILITY; DIAGNOSIS; ENDOTOXIN; SYSTEM; IMPACT AB In high-energy impulse noise environments, the biomechanical coupling process between the external forces and the pathophysiology of cardiopulmonary injury is not well understood. A 12-in-diameter compressed air-driven shock tube with reflector plate was used to induce three levels of pulmonary contusion injury in a large animal model, Twenty-one anesthetized sheep were exposed to the various levels of impulse noise generated by the shock tube, with six additional sheep serving as a control group, Pathologic evaluations, performed 3 hours after exposure, showed pulmonary contusion ranging from minor petechial changes on the surface of the lung parenchyma to diffuse ecchymoses affecting as much as 60% of the lung, The gross pathologic observations of injury produced by exposure to the impulse noise produced by the shock tube were similar to those reported for blunt impact trauma or exposure to chemical or grain-dust explosions, The extent of lung injury (lung injury index) was quantitatively assessed. A semilogarithmic relationship between the lung injury index and the measured peak pressure was demonstrated, A significant linear correlation was demonstrated between lung injury index and lung weight-to-body weight ratio, Significant cardiopulmonary changes were also observed as a result of exposure to high-impulse noise. Although in most cases the degree of change was related to the severity of the injury, significant cardiopulmonary function changes were also observed in the absence of significant grossly observable pulmonary injury. Cardiac injury was indicated by decreased cardiac output and hypotension at all levels of injury and might be the result of myocardial contusion or air emboli. Pulmonary injury was demonstrated by respiratory acidosis, increases in lung resistance, and decreases in lung compliance and lung volume, Arterial Po-2 appeared to be the most sensitive parameter of injury and was decreased for all measurement intervals for all exposure groups. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT RESP RES,DIV MED,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD OCT PY 1997 VL 43 IS 4 BP 656 EP 666 DI 10.1097/00005373-199710000-00016 PG 11 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA YD167 UT WOS:A1997YD16700022 PM 9356064 ER PT J AU Henein, NA Huang, SQ Bryzik, W AF Henein, NA Huang, SQ Bryzik, W TI A new approach to determine lubrication regimes of piston ring assemblies SO JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT FRICTIONAL TORQUE; RECIPROCATING-ENGINES; ERROR ANALYSIS; FORCE AB A nerv approach is developed to determine piston-ring assembly lubrication regimes from the instantaneous frictional torque measured for the whole engine. This is based on the variation of the friction coefficient with the duty parameter in the Stribeck diagram over the mired and hydrodynamic lubrication regimes. The derived equation determines the lubrication regimes from the slope of the line in the Stribeck diagram. A single cylinder spark ignition engine was instrumented to determine the total instantaneous frictional torque of the engine. Experiments were conducted under different loads al a constant speed. Results show that the regime is mixed lubrication near the top dead center (TDC) and shifts to the hydrodynamic lubrication regime as the piston moves away from TDC. The extent of the mixed lubrication regime depends on engine load and speed. C1 CATERPILLAR INC, PEORIA, IL 61614 USA. USA, TARDEC, WARREN, MI USA. RP Henein, NA (reprint author), WAYNE STATE UNIV, DETROIT, MI 48202 USA. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4787 J9 J TRIBOL-T ASME JI J. Tribol.-Trans. ASME PD OCT PY 1997 VL 119 IS 4 BP 808 EP 816 DI 10.1115/1.2833889 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA YE447 UT WOS:A1997YE44700032 ER PT J AU Bettencourt, MC Morris, ER Spevak, M Costabile, R AF Bettencourt, MC Morris, ER Spevak, M Costabile, R TI The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin on methotrexate concentration in the rat testes SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE testes; leukemia; hCG; methotrexate ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; CANCER-STUDY-GROUP; MAINTENANCE THERAPY; TESTICULAR BIOPSY; PERMEABILITY; CHILDREN; BLOOD AB Purpose: We analyzed the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on drug concentrations in testicular interstitial fluid and whole testis tissue samples in rats receiving hCG prior to methotrexate (MTX) administration and in animals that did not receive hCG. Materials and Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously with 200 i.u. hCG (Goldline Laboratories, Ft. Lauderdale, FL.). Controls were injected subcutaneously with normal saline (0.2 cc). Sixteen hours after injection, each rat was given methotrexate (Methotrexate LPF, Immunex Corp. Seattle WA.) via a carotid artery cannula in a dose of 30 mg./kg. Methotrexate (MTX) levels were collected 60 minutes post infusion time in 27 rats and 90 minutes post infusion in 27 rats. MTX levels were measured in serum, testicular interstitial fluid and testicular tissue. MTX levels were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: A significantly higher concentration of MTX was found in testicular interstitial fluid (TIF) in rats injected with hCG when specimens were collected 60 minutes post infusion. MTX levels in TIF had reversed 90 minutes post infusion with higher levels found in control rats. Tissue levels of MTX demonstrated no significant difference at either 60 or 90 minutes in the hCG treated animals or controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that hCG effects the tissue distribution of MTX within the testis. Human chorionic gonadotropin may have this effect on the testicular microvasculature by 1) selectively increasing capillary permeability, 2) increasing lymphatic flow within the testes or 3) increasing testicular blood flow. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,MIL ANDROL RES CTR,UROL SERV 4F,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 158 IS 4 BP 1581 EP 1584 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64283-6 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XV524 UT WOS:A1997XV52400082 PM 9302177 ER PT J AU Mascola, JR Louder, MK VanCott, TC Sapan, CV Lambert, JS Muenz, LR Bunow, B Birx, DL Robb, ML AF Mascola, JR Louder, MK VanCott, TC Sapan, CV Lambert, JS Muenz, LR Bunow, B Birx, DL Robb, ML TI Potent and synergistic neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 primary isolates by hyperimmune anti-HIV immunoglobulin combined with monoclonal antibodies 2F5 and 2G12 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED CELL-FUSION; CD4 BINDING-SITE; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; PASSIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; V3 LOOP; DRUG-COMBINATIONS; CD4-BINDING SITE; INFECTION; GP120 AB Three antibody reagents that neutralize primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates were tested for magnitude and breadth of neutralization when used alone or in double or triple combinations. Hyperimmune anti-HIV immunoglobulin (HIVIG) is derived from the plasma of HIV-1-infected donors, and monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 2F5 and 2G12 bind to distinct regions of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. The antibodies were initially tested against a panel of 15 clade B HIV-1 isolates, using a single concentration that is achievable in ii ro (HIVIG, 2,500 mu g/ml; MAbs, 25 mu g/ml), Individual antibody reagents neutralized many of the viruses tested, but antibody potency varied substantially among the viruses, The virus neutralization produced by double combinations of HIVIG plus 2F5 or 2G12, the two MAbs together, or the triple combination of HIVIG, 2F5, and 2G12 was generally equal to or greater than that predicted by the effect of individual antibodies, Overall, the triple combination displayed the greatest magnitude and breadth of neutralization, Synergistic neutralization was evaluated by analyzing data from dose-response curves of each individual antibody reagent compared to the triple combination and was demonstrated against each of four viruses tested, Therefore, combinations of polyclonal and monoclonal anti-HIV antibodies can produce additive or synergistic neutralization of primary HIV-1 isolates, Passive immunotherapy for treatment or prophylaxis of HIV-1 should consider mixtures of potent neutralising antibody reagents to expand the magnitude and breadth of virus neutralisation. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT INFECT DIS, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA. HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA. NABI, BOCA RATON, FL 33487 USA. UNIV MARYLAND, INST HUMAN VIROL, BALTIMORE, MD 21201 USA. RP Mascola, JR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DIV RETROVIROL, 13 TAFT CT, SUITE 200, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA. NR 75 TC 101 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 71 IS 10 BP 7198 EP 7206 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA XW142 UT WOS:A1997XW14200006 PM 9311792 ER PT J AU Pope, M Frankel, SS Mascola, JR Trkola, A Isdell, F Birx, DL Burke, DS Ho, DD Moore, JP AF Pope, M Frankel, SS Mascola, JR Trkola, A Isdell, F Birx, DL Burke, DS Ho, DD Moore, JP TI Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains of subtypes B and E replicate in cutaneous dendritic cell T-cell mixtures without displaying subtype-specific tropism SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL LANGERHANS CELLS; HIV-1 INFECTION; RHESUS MACAQUES; HUMAN SKIN; IN-VITRO; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; ENVELOPE SUBTYPES; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; THAILAND; NEUTRALIZATION AB A report that genetic subtype E human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains display a preferential tropism for Langerhans cells (epidermal dendritic cells [DCs]) compared to genetic subtype B strains suggested a possible explanation for the rapid heterosexual spread of subtype E strains in Thailand (L. E. Soto-Ramirez ct al., Science 271:1291-1293, 1996). In an independent system, we applied subtype E and B isolates to skin leukocytes, since skin is a relevant model for the histologically comparable surfaces of the vagina and ectocervix. Isolates of both HIV-I subtypes infected DC-T-cell mixtures, and no subtype-specific pattern of infection was observed. Purified DCs did not support the replication of strains of either subtype B or E. Our findings do not support the conclusion that subtype E strains have a preferential tropism for DCs, suggesting that other explanations for the rapid heterosexual spread of subtype E strains in Asia should be considered. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT INFECT & PARASIT DIS PATHOL,DIV AIDS & EMERGING INFECT DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD 20889. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,AARON DIAMOND AIDS RES CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10016. RP Pope, M (reprint author), ROCKEFELLER UNIV,CELLULAR PHYSIOL & IMMUNOL LAB,1230 YORK AVE,BOX 176,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. RI Trkola, Alexandra/K-2115-2012; OI Trkola, Alexandra/0000-0003-1013-876X; /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI36082, AI40045, AI40874] NR 71 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 71 IS 10 BP 8001 EP 8007 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA XW142 UT WOS:A1997XW14200109 PM 9311895 ER PT J AU Dauchy, RT Sauer, LA Blask, DE Vaughan, GM AF Dauchy, RT Sauer, LA Blask, DE Vaughan, GM TI Light contamination during the dark phase in ''photoperiodically controlled'' animal rooms: Effect on tumor growth and metabolism in rats SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP; PINEAL MELATONIN; SYRIAN-HAMSTER; N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; SUPPRESSION; INVIVO; GLAND; ENVIRONMENT; INTENSITY AB Enhanced neoplastic growth and metabolism have been reported in animals maintained in a constant light (24L:0D) environment. Results from this laboratory indicate that tumor growth is directly dependent upon increased ambient blood concentrations of arachidonic and linoleic acids, particularly linoleic acid. Tumor linoleic acid utilization and production if its putative mitogenic metabolite, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE), are suppressed by the circadian neurohormone melatonin, the production of which is itself regulated by light in all mammals. This study was performed to determine whether minimal light contamination (0.2 lux) in an animal room during an otherwise normal dark phase may disrupt normal circadian production of melatonin and affect tumor growth and metabolism. Animals of groups I (12L:12D), II (12L:12-h light-contaminated dark phase), and III (24L:0D) had plasma total fatty acid (TFA), linoleic acid (LA), and melatonin concentrations measured prior to tumor implantation; groups I and II had daily cycles in plasma TFA and LA values, whereas group III had constant values throughout the day. The integrated mean TFA and LA values for the entire day were similar in all groups, Although group-I animals had a normal nocturnal surge of melatonin (127.0 pg/ml) at 2400 h, the nocturnal amplitude was suppressed in group-II animals (16.0 pg/ml); circadian variation in melatonin concentration was not seen in group-III animals (7.4 pg/ml). At 12 weeks of age, rats had the Morris hepatoma 7288CTC implanted as ''tissue-isolated'' tumors grown subcutaneously. Latency to onset of palpable tumor mass for groups I, II, and III was 11, 9, and 5 days respectively. Tumor growth rates were 0.72 +/- 0.09, 1.30 +/- 0.15, and 1.48 +/- 0.17 g/d (mean +/- SD, n = 6/group) in groups I, II, and III respectively. Arteriovenous difference measurements for TFA and LA across the tumors were 4.22 +/- 0.89 and 0.83 +/- 0.18 (group I), 8.26 +/- 0.66 and 1.64 +/- 0.13 (group II), and 7.10 +/- 0.78 and 1.50 +/- 0.16 (group III)/min/g, and groups II and III were significantly different from group I (P < 0.05). Tumor TFA and LA contents were 14.3 +/- 1.7 and 1.8 +/- 0.3 (group I), 52.9 +/- 5.5 and 7.9 +/- 0.8 (group II), and 106.0 +/- 12.0 and 18.5 +/- 2.4 (group III) mu g/g and were significantly different from each other (P < 0.001). Production of 13-HODE by the hepatomas in groups I, II, and III was 35.5 +/- 6.3, 109.6 +/- 10.6, and 196.2 +/- 34.9 ng/min/g respectively, values which also were significantly different among groups (P < 0.001). The results indicate that minimal light contamination of only 0.2 lux during an otherwise normal dark phase inhibits host melatonin secretion and increases the rate of tumor growth and lipid uptake and metabolism. These data suggest that great care must be taken to prevent ''light-leaks'' in animal rooms during the dark phase of a diurnal cycle because such contamination may adversely affect the outcome of tumor growth investigations. C1 USA,INST SURG RES,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. RP Dauchy, RT (reprint author), BASSETT HEALTHCARE,RES INST,1 ATWELL RD,COOPERSTOWN,NY 13326, USA. NR 46 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 47 IS 5 BP 511 EP 518 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA YC223 UT WOS:A1997YC22300009 PM 9355094 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Nights of ice - Walker,S SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA,COMBINED ARMS RES LIB,FT LEAVENWORTH,KS 66048, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 16 BP 91 EP 91 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA XZ054 UT WOS:A1997XZ05400113 ER PT J AU Barth, J AF Barth, J TI A woman's guide to savvy investing: Everything you need to know to protect your future - Bertrand,M SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Barth, J (reprint author), US MIL ACAD LIB,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD OCT 1 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 16 BP 96 EP 96 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA XZ054 UT WOS:A1997XZ05400128 ER PT J AU Welkos, SL Friedlander, AM Davis, KJ AF Welkos, SL Friedlander, AM Davis, KJ TI Studies on the role of plasminogen activator in systemic infection by virulent Yersinia pestis strain C092 SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; plasmid; pPst; virulence; plasminogen activator ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IDENTIFICATION AB Plasminogen activator is an outer membrane protease of Yersinia pestis encoded by the pla gene on plasmid pPst. Pla of the KIM-10 strain of Y. pestis appears to be required for the virulence from a subcutaneous (sc) but not an intraperitoneal (ip) or intravenous (iv) route of infection in mice. However, other strains of Y. pestis are highly virulent by the sc route yet lack pPst and pla. In this study, the pPst(-) Pestoides F strain was lethal to mice inoculated sc, with an LD50 (3 cfu), equal to that of C092, a virulent pPst(+) strain. To analyse further the role of Pla in invasive infection, isogenic derivatives of C092, including one harboring pla with a frameshift mutation and another cured of pPst, were made. Although the ip LD50 of pPst(-) C092 and of the pla mutant were nearly identical to that of the wild type, the subcutaneous LD50 of the cured and mutant strains were 4 to 6 logs greater than that of wild type. Thus, pPst appears to be required for development of a lethal infection by some strains after sc inoculation but not after direct ip inoculation. Pla-associated virulence did not appear to be mediated by interference with the phagocyte chemoattractant C5a, as shown by the lack of correlation of C5a production with susceptibility to Y. pestis in C5a(+) and C5a(-) congenic mice. In a footpad model of the early host response to subcutaneous infection, pPst(-) C092 proliferated at the subcutaneous injection site to a similar extent as did the wild type parent strain, and elicited a similarly large, local inflammatory response. However, the wild type was present at higher concentrations at more distant sites such as the popliteal lymph node and spleen. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV PATHOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702. RP Welkos, SL (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 24 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0882-4010 J9 MICROB PATHOGENESIS JI Microb. Pathog. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 23 IS 4 BP 211 EP 223 DI 10.1006/mpat.1997.0154 PG 13 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA YB290 UT WOS:A1997YB29000003 PM 9344782 ER PT J AU Chiarella, LA AF Chiarella, LA TI United Nations operations: Problems encountered by United States forces when subject to a ''blue purse'' SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article RP Chiarella, LA (reprint author), USA,JUDGE ADVOCATE GEN CORPS,WASHINGTON,DC 20310, USA. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 154 BP 53 EP 112 PG 60 WC Law SC Government & Law GA YB698 UT WOS:A1997YB69800003 ER PT J AU Castlen, SE Block, GO AF Castlen, SE Block, GO TI Exclusive federal legislative jurisdiction: Get rid of it! SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 USA,JUDGE ADVOCATE GEN CORPS,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 154 BP 113 EP 140 PG 28 WC Law SC Government & Law GA YB698 UT WOS:A1997YB69800004 ER PT J AU Elliott, HW AF Elliott, HW TI International human rights litigation in US courts - Stephens,B, Ratner,M SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA,JUDGE ADVOCATE GEN SCH,INT & OPERAT LAW DIV,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 154 BP 141 EP 148 PG 8 WC Law SC Government & Law GA YB698 UT WOS:A1997YB69800005 ER PT J AU Mallon, JC AF Mallon, JC TI And the blood cried out - Levy,H SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA,JUDGE ADVOCATE GEN SCH,GRAD COURSE 45,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 154 BP 149 EP 153 PG 5 WC Law SC Government & Law GA YB698 UT WOS:A1997YB69800006 ER PT J AU Lang, GE AF Lang, GE TI Pacific defense - Calder,KE SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA,JUDGE ADVOCATE GEN SCH,JUDGE ADVOCATE OFFICER GRAD COURSE 45,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22901. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 154 BP 154 EP 159 PG 6 WC Law SC Government & Law GA YB698 UT WOS:A1997YB69800007 ER PT J AU Wittich, AC Salminen, ER AF Wittich, AC Salminen, ER TI Genital mutilation of young girls traditionally practiced in militarily significant regions of the world SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FEMALE CIRCUMCISION AB Very few physicians practicing in the United States have experience in treating female patients who have undergone mutilation of the external genitalia, incorrectly termed female circumcision. This procedure, known as infibulation, consists of removing the clitoris, prepuce, and portions of the labia of young girls, usually younger than 7 years of age. Infibulation has been practiced by lay midwives for centuries in the Horn of Africa and in other African and Middle Eastern countries, This paper discusses infibulation, the techniques, and the recommended medical and obstetric management of patients subjected to genital mutilation, With increased immigration to the United States by Africans and Middle Easterners, and with readily increasing military medical deployments, primary care physicians and specialists can expect to be confronted with patients who have undergone this disfiguring procedure during their youth. RP Wittich, AC (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,HONOLULU,HI 96889, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 162 IS 10 BP 677 EP 679 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YA883 UT WOS:A1997YA88300011 PM 9339081 ER PT J AU Daniels, DJ Heth, SR Glorioso, JE AF Daniels, DJ Heth, SR Glorioso, JE TI The practice of obstetrics in Mongolia SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article RP Daniels, DJ (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG ANESTHESIA & OPERAT SERV,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 162 IS 10 BP 683 EP 685 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YA883 UT WOS:A1997YA88300013 PM 9339083 ER PT J AU Eitzen, JP Sawyer, RG AF Eitzen, JP Sawyer, RG TI Sexually transmitted diseases: Risk behaviors of female active duty US Army recruits SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PROGRAM AB This study examined the sexually related behaviors of 594 unmarried female Army recruits at the beginning of their basic training, The response rate for the entire sample of 818 recruits was 99.4%, with data from the 224 married recruits being eliminated from the analysis, The recruits completed an anonymous survey examining several independent variables: frequency of condom use, number of sexual partners, screening behaviors, and pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease prevention methods. The findings are discussed with regard to suggested appropriate and cost-effective educational interventions. RP Eitzen, JP (reprint author), USA,CTR HLTH PROMOT & PREVENT MED,ABERDEEN,MD 21010, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 162 IS 10 BP 686 EP 689 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YA883 UT WOS:A1997YA88300014 PM 9339084 ER PT J AU Farley, J Loup, D Nelson, M Mitchell, A Esplund, G Macri, C Harrison, C Gray, K AF Farley, J Loup, D Nelson, M Mitchell, A Esplund, G Macri, C Harrison, C Gray, K TI Neoplastic transformation of the endocervix associated with downregulation of lactoferrin expression SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE adenocarcinoma in situ; lactoferrin; steroid hormone receptors; p53; apoptosis ID HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS DNA; STEROID-HORMONE RECEPTORS; RAS GENE-MUTATIONS; UTERINE CERVIX; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; BREAST-CANCER; ADENOCARCINOMA; P53; PROLIFERATION; CARCINOMA AB The incidence of cervical adenocarcinomas in young women over the last two decades has increased. Even with increasing knowledge of the role of human papillomavirus in the etiology of adenocarcinoma of the cervix, there is a paucity of data concerning the genetic and epigenetic factors that contribute to the histologic features and biologic behaviors of these tumors. Lactoferrin is a basic glycoprotein found in human milk, secondary granules of neutrophils, and many body secretions, and it has been associated with carcinogenesis of the endometrium, breast, and lymphoid systems. In this study, we examined the expression of lactoferrin in normal human endocervical epithelium and in cervical adenocarcinomas in relation to proliferative index, steroid receptor status, p53 protein expression, and apoptosis. Immunohistochemical and in situ studies demonstrated that lactoferrin protein and mRNA were strikingly downregulated upon neoplastic transformation of the endocervix as early as in adenocarcinoma in situ when compared with the prominent expression exhibited by the normal cervical epithelium. Furthermore, neoplastic transformation of endocervical epithelial cells was accompanied by a pronounced stimulation of proliferation and a substantial reduction in the expression of the estrogen and progesterone receptors and p53 but little or no change in the number of apoptotic cells. In conclusion, we identified lactoferrin as a novel cancer-specific marker of endocervical adenocarcinomas that may be useful in the early detection of the disease, prediction of prognosis, and the development of new therapeutic modalities. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USN,NATL MED CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20084. RP Farley, J (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT GYNECOL ONCOL & GYNECOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0899-1987 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 20 IS 2 BP 240 EP 250 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2744(199710)20:2<240::AID-MC11>3.0.CO;2-A PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA YE254 UT WOS:A1997YE25400011 PM 9364214 ER PT J AU Oshima, M Hayakari, M Middlebrook, JL Atassi, MZ AF Oshima, M Hayakari, M Middlebrook, JL Atassi, MZ TI Immune recognition of botulinum neurotoxin type A: Regions recognized by T cells and antibodies against the protective H-C fragment (residues 855-1296) of the toxin SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; synthetic peptides; antibodies; T-cells; epitopes ID SPERM WHALE MYOGLOBIN; TETANUS TOXIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENETIC-CONTROL; PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ANTIGENIC STRUCTURES; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; A NEUROTOXIN; ALPHA-CHAIN AB Botulism toxicity is caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), a group of protein neurotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum. Recent studies have shown that immunization with a C-terminal fragment (H-C, residues 855-1296) of BoNT type A (BoNT/A) affords excellent protection against BoNT/A toxicity. The present work was carried out in order to map the molecular and cellular immunological recognition of H-C. We have previously described the synthesis of 31 overlapping peptides encompassing the entire H-C-fragment of BoNT/A. These peptides were employed in this study to localize the continuous regions recognized by T cells and by antibodies (Abs) generated in two mouse strains against H-C. T cells from SJL that had been primed with H-C gave a strong proliferative response to challenge in vitro with each of the six peptides spanning residues 897-985 and a lower response to peptide 1051-1069. While H-C-primed T cells of BALB/c recognized three regions residing within residues 939-957, 1009-1027 and 1135-1153 (strong). Recognition regions by Abs in SJL or BALB/c anti-H-C antisera essentially overlapped. However, the level of Abs bound to each region differed between the two strains. These common or similar recognition regions by the two strains were: 855-915 (SJL) or 855-901 (BALB/c); 939-957; 967-1013 (BALB/c) or 981-1013 (SJL); 1051-1069; 1079-1111 (BALB/c) or 1093-1125 (SJL); 1177-1195; and 1275-1296. In addition, BALB/c recognized region 1135-1153. Some of these regions show considerable sequence similarity in BoNT types B and E and, therefore, H-C of these two BoNTs might offer protection against the correlate clostridial toxins. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Houston, TX 77030 USA. USA, Dugway Proving Ground, Div Life Sci, Dugway, UT 84022 USA. RP Atassi, MZ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Biochem, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 41 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 34 IS 14 BP 1031 EP 1040 DI 10.1016/S0161-5890(97)00107-7 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA YY277 UT WOS:000072131000007 PM 9488054 ER PT J AU Michael, NL Louie, LG Rohrbaugh, AL Schultz, KA Dayhoff, DE Wang, CE Sheppard, HW AF Michael, NL Louie, LG Rohrbaugh, AL Schultz, KA Dayhoff, DE Wang, CE Sheppard, HW TI The role of CCR5 and CCR2 polymorphisms in HTV-1 transmission and disease progression SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIV-1 INFECTION; TYPE-1; ALLELE; GENE; AIDS AB Entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into target cells requires both CD4(ref. 1, 2) and one of a growing number of G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptors'. Viruses predominantly use one, or occasionally both, of the major co-receptors CCR5 or CXCR4 although other receptors, including CCR2B and CCR3, function as minor co-receptors(4-6). CCR3 appears critical in central nervous system infection(7). A 32-base pair inactivating deletion in CCRS (Delta 32) common to Northern European populations(8) has been associated with reduced(9-15), but not absolute(16-19), HIV-1 transmission risk and delayed disease progression(11-15,20). A more commonly distributed transition causing a valine to isoleucine switch in transmembrane domain I of CCR2B (641) with unknown functional consequences was recently shown to delay disease progression but not reduce infection risk(21). Although we confirm the lack of association of CCR2B 641 with transmission, we cannot confirm the association with delayed progression. Although subjects with CCRS Delta 32 defects had significantly reduced median viral load at study entry, providing a plausible explanation for the association with delayed progression, this association was not seen with CCR2B 641. Further studies are needed to define the role of CCR2B 641 in HIV pathogenesis. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SCH PUBL HLTH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. HENRY M JACKSON FDN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,BERKELEY,CA 94704. RP Michael, NL (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,13 TAFT COURT,SUITE 200,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. RI McNulty, Amy/K-7368-2012 FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-82515, R01-AI-34783, R01-AI-36661] NR 28 TC 204 Z9 212 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 3 IS 10 BP 1160 EP 1162 DI 10.1038/nm1097-1160 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA XZ287 UT WOS:A1997XZ28700046 PM 9334732 ER PT J AU Umland, TC Wingert, LM Swaminathan, S Furey, WF Schmidt, JJ Sax, M AF Umland, TC Wingert, LM Swaminathan, S Furey, WF Schmidt, JJ Sax, M TI Structure of the receptor binding fragment H-C of tetanus neurotoxin SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID NEURONAL MEMBRANES; PROTEIN; TOXIN; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; IDENTIFICATION; GANGLIOSIDES; TRANSPORT; LECTIN AB The 2.7 Angstrom structure of the tetanus neurotoxin receptor binding fragment H-c reveals a jelly-roll domain and a beta-trefoil domain. H-c retains the unique transport properties of the holotoxin and is capable of eliciting a protective immunological response against the full length holotoxin. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT CRYSTALLOG,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV TOXICOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. VET ADM MED CTR,BIOCRYSTALLOG LAB,PITTSBURGH,PA 15240. NR 30 TC 106 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 4 IS 10 BP 788 EP 792 DI 10.1038/nsb1097-788 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA YA203 UT WOS:A1997YA20300008 PM 9334741 ER PT J AU Richard, S Sims, F AF Richard, S Sims, F TI Data compression issues in automatic target recognition and the measuring of distortion SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE correlation pattern recognition; automatic target recognition; data compression issues ID FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION; VECTOR QUANTIZATION; TRANSFORM; PERFORMANCE; LOSSLESS; DECOMPOSITION AB Automatic target recognition (ATR) functionality clearly relies in some way on its knowledge of what the objects and classes of interest look like. The ''comparison'' of this knowledge to the current information on a new object determines the results of the recognition process. If the new object information or the original training knowledge base is distorted by compression or other means, there is a high potential for degraded ATR performance. The effect is clear for ATR because a consistent signature, assuming of course the signature is a ''good'' one, helps the ATR, where an inconsistent signature has detrimental performance effects. Lossy compression methods vary significantly as to the type and amount of distortion they introduce. We show the distortion comparison of 15 contractor/industry methods on 8 and 12 bit data sets quantitatively over varying ranges of compression and make obvious the compression methods that distort the target spatial signature and those that tend to minimize this distortion. (C) 1997 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. RP USA, AVIAT & MISSILE COMMAND, AMSAM RD MG IP, REDSTONE ARSENAL, AL 35898 USA. NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 EI 1560-2303 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 36 IS 10 BP 2671 EP 2674 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA YA694 UT WOS:A1997YA69400007 ER PT J AU Syms, MJ Singson, MT Burgess, LPA AF Syms, MJ Singson, MT Burgess, LPA TI Evaluation of lower cranial nerve deficits SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID HYPOGLOSSAL AB Patients with cranial base tumors often present with cranial neuropathies or develop cranial deficits as a consequence of skull base surgery. Deficits involving cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII can lead to significant morbidity for patients. A standard evaluation of a patient with a suspected skull base lesion or a postsurgical patient would consist of a complete history and physical examination, including a bedside examination and videofluoroscopy. Other modalities, including fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing safety, ultrasound, and manofluorography, are used less frequently. C1 DEPT UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD. RP Syms, MJ (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,HSHK DSH,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 30 IS 5 BP 849 EP & PG 16 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA YB166 UT WOS:A1997YB16600011 PM 9295256 ER PT J AU Lee, JJ Ramirez, SG Will, MJ AF Lee, JJ Ramirez, SG Will, MJ TI Gender and racial variations in cephalometric analysis SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article AB Cephalometric analysis has earned a vital role in the evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea. However, the normal measurements cited in the literature are not sex or race specific. Skeletal differences in sexes and races have been established. This study was initiated to examine whether race and sex variations in soft tissue and skeletal measurements exist in cephalometric analysis. A total of 89 volunteers of different race and sex participated in this study, The data support the hypothesis that there are statistically significant differences in (1) sella-nasion-subspinale angle (SNA) between black men, and both Caucasian and Hispanic men, (2) sella-nasion-supramentale angle (SNB) between black men and Caucasian men, (3) posterior airway space between Caucasian men and women, and (4) mandibular plane to hyoid distance between Caucasian men and women. These data suggest that only SNA and SNB need racial specificity, Furthermore, Caucasian women need a separate set of normal values from men, specifically posterior airway space and mandibular plane to hyoid bone. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURG SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 5 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 117 IS 4 BP 326 EP 329 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(97)70121-9 PG 4 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA YA339 UT WOS:A1997YA33900006 PM 9339791 ER PT J AU Callahan, CW AF Callahan, CW TI Chloral hydrate and sleep deprivation for sedation during flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy SO PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP Callahan, CW (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 8755-6863 J9 PEDIATR PULM JI Pediatr. Pulmonol. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 24 IS 4 BP 302 EP 302 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0496(199710)24:4<302::AID-PPUL12>3.0.CO;2-E PG 1 WC Pediatrics; Respiratory System SC Pediatrics; Respiratory System GA YE566 UT WOS:A1997YE56600012 PM 9368267 ER PT J AU Idowu, OR Lin, AJ Grace, JM Peggins, JO AF Idowu, OR Lin, AJ Grace, JM Peggins, JO TI Biomimetic metabolism of artelinic acid by chemical cytochrome P-450 model systems SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE antimalarial; artelinic acid; metabolites; chemical simulation of metabolism ID ANTIMALARIAL DRUG ARTEETHER; MICROBIAL-METABOLISM; ARTEMISININ; QINGHAOSU AB Purpose. To study the reaction of artelinic acid with chemical model systems of cytochrome P-450 as a means of obtaining authentic samples of the putative metabolites necessary for identification of the mammalian metabolites of artelinic acid. Methods. Artelinic acid was reacted with different organic complexes of iron(II). The reaction products were isolated and characterized by NMR and thermospray mass spectroscopy. Results. Five compounds which are putative metabolites of artelinic acid were isolated from these reactions and unambiguously identified, while the identity of two other compounds await final confirmation. Conclusions. Standards of possible metabolites of artelinic acid can be produced by the reaction of the compound with ferrous complexes that may simulate cytochrome P-450 catalyzed metabolism of xenobiotics. This approach may provide a simple and versatile method for the formation of metabolites of artemisinin compounds which is more advantageous than previous approaches with fungal-based systems. RP Idowu, OR (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV EXPT THERAPEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 14 IS 10 BP 1449 EP 1454 DI 10.1023/A:1012185124972 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA YD502 UT WOS:A1997YD50200022 PM 9358560 ER PT J AU Pilcher, JJ Sessions, GR McBride, SA AF Pilcher, JJ Sessions, GR McBride, SA TI Scopolamine impairs spatial working memory in the radial maze: An analysis by error type and arm choice SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE scopolamine; anticholinergic drugs; working memory; spatial memory; memory consolidation; memory acquisition; memory retrieval; radial maze; rat ID PERFORMANCE; RATS; TASK; DISRUPTION AB The effects of scopolamine hydrobromide on performance in uninterrupted and delayed radial maze trials were studied in the rat. In addition to defining errors as incorrect arm entries, errors were defined by incorrect nose pokes in a food trough and were summed across the number of correct choices remaining. The average time elapsed from arm entry to nose poke was also calculated as a new measure of motivation and mobility. Working memory errors increased significantly following scopolamine injection in the uninterrupted trials and occurred significantly more often before the last correct choice. Errors in nonbaited arms during the last portion of a 3-h delay task increased significantly following scopolamine injection both before and after the first portion of the task and occurred more often before the last correct choice. However, nonbaited errors occurred more readily and at lower doses when scopolamine was injected 20 min before the onset of the task than when scopolamine was injected immediately after the completion of the first portion of the task. These data indicate that scopolamine affects current working memory and specifically affects acquisition more than consolidation of working memory. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT MED NEUROSCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 27 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 58 IS 2 BP 449 EP 459 DI 10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00297-9 PG 11 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XU259 UT WOS:A1997XU25900024 PM 9300605 ER PT J AU Pojman, L AF Pojman, L TI Equality and desert SO PHILOSOPHY LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Pojman, L (reprint author), US Mil Acad, W Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0031-8191 J9 PHILOSOPHY JI Philosophy PD OCT PY 1997 VL 72 IS 282 BP 549 EP 570 PG 22 WC Philosophy SC Philosophy GA YJ157 UT WOS:000070708200005 ER PT J AU Saha, BC AF Saha, BC TI Quenching of Na(4p) by He and H-2: A molecular-state treatment SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE; ATOMIC-COLLISIONS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; RYDBERG ATOMS; ALIGNMENT; INTERFERENCE; EXCITATION; SYSTEMS; ENERGY AB The collisional quenching of excited Na(4p) by He and H-2 has been studied using the semiclassical, impact-parameter, close-coupling method based on a molecular expansion augmented by the plane-wave trans lation factor. Interactions between the colliding partners are approximated using suitable pseudopotentials. At low velocities 0.0005 less than or equal to v less than or equal to 0.001 a.u., interference oscillations which depend on the spatial alignment of the electron charge distribution before the collision are present in the cross sections for H? quenching perturber. The cross sections due to H-2 are larger than those of He atoms throughout the energy region. At T = 470 K the present quenching rate coefficients show good agreement with the experimental data of Kleiber et al. RP Saha, BC (reprint author), FLORIDA A&M UNIV,DEPT PHYS,USA,CTR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32307, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1997 VL 56 IS 4 BP 2909 EP 2912 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.56.2909 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YA780 UT WOS:A1997YA78000059 ER PT J AU Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Manka, AS Dowling, JP Bowden, CM Viswanathan, R Haus, JW AF Scalora, M Bloemer, MJ Manka, AS Dowling, JP Bowden, CM Viswanathan, R Haus, JW TI Pulsed second-harmonic generation in nonlinear, one-dimensional, periodic structures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PHOTONIC BAND-EDGE; OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATOR; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; WAVE-GUIDES; MULTILAYER MEDIA; EMISSION RATES; GAP STRUCTURES; PHASE-SHIFTS; LASER-PULSES; POLED LINBO3 AB We present a numerical study of second-harmonic (SR) generation in a one-dimensional, generic, photonic band-gap material that is doped with a nonlinear chi((2)) medium. We show that a 20-period, 12-mu m structure can generate short SH pulses (similar in duration to pump pulses) whose energy and power levels may be 2-3 orders of magnitude larger than the energy and power levels produced by an equivalent length of a phase-matched, bulk medium. This phenomenon comes about as a result of the combination of high electromagnetic mode density of states, low group velocity. and spatial phase locking of the fields near the photonic band edge. The structure is designed so that the pump pulse is tuned near the first-order photonic band edge, and the SH signal is generated near the band edge of the second-order gap. This maximizes the density of available field modes for both the pump and SR field. Our results show that the chi(2) response is effectively enhanced by several orders of magnitude. Therefore, mm- or cm-long, quasi-phase-matched devices could be replaced by these simple layered structures of only a few micrometers in length. This has important applications to high-energy lasers, Raman-type sources, and frequency up-and down-conversion schemes. C1 USA,MISSILE COMMAND,CTR RES DEV & ENGN,ST,WS,RD,AMSMI,WEAP SCI DIRECTORATE,REDSTONE ARSENAL,AL 35898. NATL SCI FDN,ARLINGTON,VA 22230. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,DEPT PHYS,TROY,NY 12180. RP Scalora, M (reprint author), TIME DOMAIN SYST INC,SUITE 100,6700 ODYSSEY DR,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35806, USA. RI DOWLING, JONATHAN/L-2749-2013 NR 66 TC 308 Z9 314 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1997 VL 56 IS 4 BP 3166 EP 3174 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.56.3166 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA YA780 UT WOS:A1997YA78000090 ER PT J AU Lee, MH Sindoni, OI AF Lee, MH Sindoni, OI TI Kramers-Kronig relations with logarithmic kernel and application to the phase spectrum in the Drude model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DATA INVERSION; OPTICAL-DATA; CONDUCTIVITY; GAS AB Standard Kramers-Kronig relations are formulated on the premise that the response functions are well behaved asymptotically. In certain physical problems in which the functions are logarithmic, one may then need to reformulate these relations. This was recently pointed out very; explicitly in an optical context by Nash, Bell, and Alexander [J. Mod. Opt. 42, 1837 (1995)]. Much earlier this issue was discussed more generally. We examine in some detail the mathematical problem by considering the phase spectrum in the Drude model. Comparison is made between the standard and the reformulated forms of Kramers-Kronig relations. C1 USA,CTR DEV & ENGN,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP Lee, MH (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1997 VL 56 IS 4 BP 3891 EP 3896 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.56.3891 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA YC322 UT WOS:A1997YC32200025 ER PT J AU ShukittHale, B Askew, EW Lieberman, HR AF ShukittHale, B Askew, EW Lieberman, HR TI Effects of 30 days of undernutrition on reaction time, moods, and symptoms SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE diet; energy expenditure; psychomotor performance; underconsumption; food deprivation ID ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; PERFORMANCE AB Few modern studies have addressed the effects of undernutrition on the behavior of healthy individuals. This study, conducted as part of a test of a nutritionally balanced but calorie-deficient experimental ration, examined the effects of 30 days of undernutrition on healthy, physically active soldiers. Tests of reaction time and standardized questionnaires assessing mood and symptom parameters (known to be sensitive to nutritional and other factors) were administered prior to and following a 30-day field exercise. During the exercise, 17 soldiers consumed a calorie-deficient, lightweight ration (LW group, 1946 kcal/day) and 17 consumed a calorie-adequate control ration (FN group, 2782 kcal/day). Mean energy expenditure for both groups was 3200-3300 kcal/day. There were no differences between the two diet groups on any of the measures of reaction time, mood, or symptoms after 30 days of ration consumption. Additionally, there were no adverse changes in reaction time performance from pre-to post-testing. Adverse changes in moods and symptoms were seen in both groups at the conclusion of the test, possibly because of the rigors of living in the field for an extended period of time. This study demonstrates that, in healthy individuals, various aspects of mental performance, mood, and symptoms are not affected by up to 30 days of moderate undernutrition. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,MIL NUTR DIV,NATICK,MA 01760. NR 25 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 62 IS 4 BP 783 EP 789 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(97)00236-9 PG 7 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA XT845 UT WOS:A1997XT84500015 PM 9284498 ER PT J AU Lowrey, AH Famini, GR Loumbev, V Wilson, LY Tosk, JM AF Lowrey, AH Famini, GR Loumbev, V Wilson, LY Tosk, JM TI Modeling drug-melanin interaction with theoretical linear solvation energy relationships SO PIGMENT CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE neuromelanin; molecular modeling; neurotoxicology; movement disorders; Parkinson's disease; pharmacology ID DESCRIPTORS; BINDING; MECHANISM; ACIDITY; PHASE AB The affinity of drugs and other xenobiotic agents for melanin is a well-known phenomenon, often occurring with serious physiological consequences. For example, the interaction of anti-psychotic drugs with neuromelanin may play a pivotal role in the induction of extrapyramidal movement disorders associated with the chronic administration of phenothiazine and other neuroleptic agents. Little, however, is known about the complete nature of melanin-drug binding and the impact of these interactions on the physico-chemical properties of melanin. Data, such as binding affinities, can be analyzed using recently developed computational methods that combine mathematical models of chemical structure with statistical analysis. In particular, theoretical linear solvation energy relationships provide a convenient model for understanding and predicting biological, chemical, and physical properties. By using this modeling technique, drug-melanin binding of a set of 16 compounds has been analyzed with correlation analysis and a set of theoretical molecular parameters in order to better understand and characterize drug-melanin interactions. The resulting correlation equation supports a charge transfer model for drug-melanin complex formation and can also be used to estimate binding constants for related compounds. C1 LA SIERRA UNIV,DEPT BIOL,RIVERSIDE,CA 92515. LA SIERRA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,RIVERSIDE,CA 92515. USN,RES LAB,LAB STRUCT & MATTER,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USA,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,SCBRD RT,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0893-5785 J9 PIGM CELL RES JI Pigm. Cell. Res. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 10 IS 5 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0749.1997.tb00684.x PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Dermatology SC Cell Biology; Dermatology GA XY316 UT WOS:A1997XY31600001 PM 9359620 ER PT J AU North, JH AF North, JH TI Occult thyroid carcinoma manifested as a cystic neck mass SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is occasionally manifested by palpable cervical adenopathy and an occult primary lesion, Isolated cystic metastases as the presenting: sign are an uncommon finding. In the case reported, a cystic lesion in the patient's neck laterally proved to be an occult papillary carcinoma. RP North, JH (reprint author), EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT SURG,FT GORDON,GA 30905, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 90 IS 10 BP 1027 EP 1028 DI 10.1097/00007611-199710000-00010 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA YB564 UT WOS:A1997YB56400010 PM 9347814 ER PT J AU Benfanti, PL Geissele, AE AF Benfanti, PL Geissele, AE TI The effect of intraoperative hip position on maintenance of lumbar lordosis - A radiographic study of anesthetized patients and unanesthetized volunteers on the Wilson frame SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE intraoperative positioning; lumbar lordosis; lumbar sagittal alignment; spinal frames ID OPERATIVE POSITION; ALIGNMENT AB Study Design. The effect of intraoperative hip position on maintenance of lumbar lordosis was evaluated radiographically in 13 anesthetized patients and 14 unanesthetized volunteers positioned on a Wilson frame (MDT Corp., Torrance, CA). Objectives. To evaluate the effect of hip position on total and segmental lumbar lordosis in patients and volunteers in standardized positions: standing and with hips extended and flexed on a Wilson frame. Summary of Background. Preservation of lordosis during instrumented lumbar fusion is critical for maintenance of normal sagittal alignment. It is customary to extend the hips on certain positioning devices to maximize lordosis maintenance. However, little information exists concerning the degree to which this actually affects lumbar lordosis. Further, the question of how individuals are specifically affected intraoperatively by differences of position on the same device remains unanswered. Methods. Preoperative standing and intraoperative lateral lumbar spine radiographs with patients' hips in standardized flexed and extended positions were obtained (n = 13). Similar radiographs were obtained of asymptomatic volunteers (n = 14). Lumbar lordosis (L1-S1) and intervertebral body angles at each level were measured. Data were analyzed for changes in total and segmental lordosis between standing and intraoperative positions for all subjects. Results. In the patient group, 95% of preoperative standing lordosis was maintained with the patients' hips extended. With hips flexed from 19 degrees to 48 degrees (mean, 33 degrees), 74% of lordosis was maintained. In the volunteer group, 98% of standing lordosis was maintained with volunteers' hips extended; with their hips flexed 20 degrees to 36 degrees (mean, 28 degrees), 86% of lordosis was maintained. Conclusions. Hip flexion was associated with a significant decrease in lordosis in patients and volunteers. Positioning in maximal hip extension optimizes lordosis preservation. While other devices have been shown to have specific effects on lordosis, the Wilson frame can permit easy adjustment of the lumbar sagittal contour to facilitate either preservation or reduction in lordosis. C1 DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,FT GORDON,GA. NR 5 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD OCT 1 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 19 BP 2299 EP 2303 DI 10.1097/00007632-199710010-00021 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA YA327 UT WOS:A1997YA32700021 PM 9346152 ER PT J AU Casillas, RP Mitcheltree, LW Stemler, FW AF Casillas, RP Mitcheltree, LW Stemler, FW TI The mouse ear model of cutaneous sulfur mustard injury SO TOXICOLOGY METHODS LA English DT Article DE bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide; dose response; edema; histology; inflammation; mouse ear; skin; sulfur mustard (HD); vesication ID SWELLING TEST MEST; CHEMICAL WARFARE; SKIN; EDEMA; AGENTS; INFLAMMATION; INHIBITION; GAS AB The mouse ear inflammation model was used to establish simple endpoints of shin injury following cutaneous exposure to sulfur mustard (bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide, HD). Mouse ear edema and histopathologic response to a single topical application of 5 mu L of 8, 16 32, 64, or 128 mg/mL HD in dichloromethane was evaluated at 12, 18, and 24 h postexposure. Edema response was determined from weighed 8 mm diameter shin punch biopsies taken from the center of exposed and control ears. Key light microscopic histopathologic changes assessed on the inner (exposed side) and outer surfaces (contralateral side) of the exposed ear included epidermal necrosis (EN) and epidermal-dermal separation (subepidermal blister, SEB). HD produced statistically significant (p < .05) dose- and time-dependent changes in edema and histopathologic features. A comparative evaluation of the endpoint responses from the various challenge doses indicated that a dose of 0.16 mg/ear HD evaluated at 24 h postexposure would be optimal for future studies using this mouse ear vesicant model (MEVM) to screen pharmacological compounds that may protect against HD-induced shin damage. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV DB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Casillas, RP (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, MCMR UV DB, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 32 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 1051-7235 J9 TOXICOL METHOD JI Toxicol. Method. PD OCT-DEC PY 1997 VL 7 IS 4 BP 381 EP 397 PG 17 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA ZJ366 UT WOS:000073207300008 ER PT J AU Ling, IT Ogun, SA Momin, P Richards, RL Garcon, N Cohen, J Ballou, WR Holder, AA AF Ling, IT Ogun, SA Momin, P Richards, RL Garcon, N Cohen, J Ballou, WR Holder, AA TI Immunization against the murine malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii using a recombinant protein with adjuvants developed for clinical use SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE malaria; Plasmodium yoelii; vaccine; adjuvant; MSP-1 ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; PROTECTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; CARBOXYL-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AOTUS MONKEYS; MICE; FALCIPARUM; ANTIGEN; ISOTYPE AB Mice vaccinated with a recombinant protein containing the two EGF-like modules of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein-1 in liposomes or combined with the formulations SBAS2.1 and SBAS2, were protected against a lethal malaria infection. The protection achieved with these adjuvants developed for clinical use was as good as or better than that achieved with Freund's adjuvant. A parasite-specific response was needed for protected. Analysis of the immunoglobulin sub-class response showed that MSP-1-specific IgG1, and to a lesser extent IgG2a and IgG2b, were induced, suggesting that these antibodies were important for protection. Mice passively immunized with serum or purified IgG from vaccinated mice had delayed onset of parasitemia and were able to control the infection. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 SMITHKLINE BEECHAM BIOL, RIXENSART, BELGIUM. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP Ling, IT (reprint author), NATL INST MED RES, MILL HILL, RIDGEWAY, LONDON NW7 1AA, ENGLAND. RI Holder, Anthony/A-7554-2013 OI Holder, Anthony/0000-0002-8490-6058 FU Medical Research Council [MC_U117532067] NR 38 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT PY 1997 VL 15 IS 14 BP 1562 EP 1567 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00076-5 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA XX965 UT WOS:A1997XX96500014 PM 9330469 ER PT J AU Adams, CD Cozzens, RA Kim, BJ AF Adams, CD Cozzens, RA Kim, BJ TI Effects of ozonation on the biodegradability of substituted phenols SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE chlorophenol; nitrophenol; aminophenol; biodegradation; activated sludge; toxicity; quantitative structure activity relationship; Hammett constants ID WATER AB The aerobic biodegradability of unoxidised and ozonated chloro-, nitro-, and amino-phenols was investigated using batch bioassays with unacclimated biomass. Chloro- and nitro-phenols exhibited biorecalcitrant behavior at 200 mg/liter as GOD, yet were more readily degraded at 30 mg/liter as GOD. Ozonation of chloro-and nitro-phenols significantly enhanced their biodegradability. While unoxidized aminophenols were readily degradable, ozonation significantly decreased their biodegradability. Quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) using Hammett constants were developed for biodegradability of unoxidized substituted phenols. For the eight substituted phenols studied, ozonation significantly decreased the Microtox toxicity of each, with EC50 values increasing from 0.7 to 1.6 orders-of-magnitude. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 ERNST & YOUNG INC,HOUSTON,TX. USA,CONSTRUCT ENGN RES LABS,CHAMPAGNE,IL. RP Adams, CD (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,ENVIRONM RES CTR,202 BUTLER CARLTON HALL,ROLLA,MO 65409, USA. NR 14 TC 93 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT PY 1997 VL 31 IS 10 BP 2655 EP 2663 DI 10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00114-0 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA XZ554 UT WOS:A1997XZ55400031 ER PT J AU Migasena, S Heppner, DG Kyle, DE Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T Gordon, DM Suntharasamai, P Permpanich, B Brockman, A Pitiuttutham, P Wongsrichanalai, C Srisuriya, P Phonrat, B Pavanand, K Viravan, C Ballou, WR AF Migasena, S Heppner, DG Kyle, DE Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T Gordon, DM Suntharasamai, P Permpanich, B Brockman, A Pitiuttutham, P Wongsrichanalai, C Srisuriya, P Phonrat, B Pavanand, K Viravan, C Ballou, WR TI SPf66 malaria vaccine is safe and immunogenic in malaria naive adults in Thailand SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE SPf66 malaria vaccine; malaria naive adults; Plasmodium falciparum ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; SYNTHETIC VACCINE; FIELD TRIALS; GAMBIAN INFANTS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HEPATITIS-B; POPULATION; INFECTION; EFFICACY AB In preparation for an efficacy trial of malaria vaccine SPf66 in Thailand, a series of overlapping Phase I trials were conducted of US-manufactured SPf66. Here, two clinical lots were evaluated for safety and immunogenicity in a combined open-label trial. Eleven healthy, malaria naive, 18-44 year-old Thai men and women received three doses by subcutaneous injection in alternate arms at 0, 1 and 6 months. Safety was assessed by monitoring local and systemic reactogenicity and laboratory parameters. Common side effects were mild erythema, induration and tenderness at the site of injection which resolved within 24-48 h. At third immunization, two volunteers developed acute bilateral reactions with induration, erythema and pruritus limited to the sites of the second and third immunizations. Eight of 11 volunteers sere-converted by ELISA, six of whom would be classified as high responders by Colombian standards. Eight of 11 volunteers developed a lymphoproliferative response to the SPf66 antigen. Side effects were more common and antibody and lymphoproliferative responses greatest, among the four female volunteers. This initial study of SPf66 malaria vaccine in Asia constitutes an essential link between the initial Phase I study in the US and subsequent field studies in a semi-immune population in a malaria endemic area of Thailand. This study further establishes comparability of US-manufactured SPf66 with that of Colombian provenance and substantiates the validity of the subsequent negative efficacy results of SPf66 in a field trial in Thailand. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT IMMUNOL,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. MAHIDOL UNIV,VACCINE TRIAL CTR,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. MAHIDOL UNIV,FAC TROP MED,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. USA MED COMPONENT,AFRIMS,DEPT IMMUNOL & MED,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. SHOKLO MALARIA RES UNIT,MAE SOT 63110,THAILAND. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD SEP 30 PY 1997 VL 67 IS 3 BP 215 EP 227 DI 10.1016/S0001-706X(97)00061-2 PG 13 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA XK204 UT WOS:A1997XK20400006 PM 9241386 ER PT J AU Gravatt, DA Chambers, JL Barnett, JP AF Gravatt, DA Chambers, JL Barnett, JP TI Temporal and spatial patterns of net photosynthesis in 12-year-old loblolly pine five growing seasons after thinning SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Pinus taeda; sampling; needle conductance; thinning ID GROWTH; FERTILIZATION; PRODUCTIVITY; STANDS; BRANCH; TREES AB Physiological parameters were measured under natural light conditions and needle orientation from towers and walkways erected in the canopy of a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation, Four silvicultural treatments were randomly assigned to the twelve plots in the fall of 1988. Plots were thinned to a density of 731 trees per hectare or left unthinned, at a density of 2990 trees per hectare. The plots were left unfertilized or fertilized with 744 kg/ha of diammonium triple superphosphate was applied, During the fifth growing season (1993) following thinning and fertilization, needle level physiology was not different with respect to the thinning treatment for fertilized or unfertilized plots. In contrast, upper crown levels within the fertilized and unfertilized plots had significantly higher light levels and photosynthetic rates than lower crown foliage. Light levels were greater in the thinned, fertilized plots than in the unthinned, fertilized plots, In contrast, no effect of thinning on canopy light levels was found in the unfertilized plots. Within crown variation in photosynthesis was strongly dependent on canopy light levels. A strong interaction of canopy level with thinning was apparent for net photosynthesis, Loblolly pine, being a shade intolerant species, showed only small physiological differences between needles from different parts of the crown. Because of the variability found in this study, more extensive sampling is needed to correctly describe the physiology of a forest canopy with adequate precision. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,LOUISIANA AGR & EXPT CTR,SCH FORESTRY WILDLIFE & FISHERIES,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. US FOREST SERV,DEPT AGR,SO RES STN,PINEVILLE,LA 71360. RP Gravatt, DA (reprint author), USA,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 30 PY 1997 VL 97 IS 1 BP 73 EP 83 DI 10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00055-8 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA YC777 UT WOS:A1997YC77700006 ER PT J AU Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR MacKenzie, JD Hommerich, U Wu, X Wilson, RG Schwartz, RN Zavada, JM Ren, F AF Pearton, SJ Abernathy, CR MacKenzie, JD Hommerich, U Wu, X Wilson, RG Schwartz, RN Zavada, JM Ren, F TI Luminescence enhancement in AlN(Er) by hydrogenation SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GALLIUM NITRIDE; CRYSTALLINE SI; IMPLANTED GAN; ERBIUM; ER; SILICON; ALN; SEMICONDUCTORS; IN1-XGAXP AB Room-temperature Er3+ photoluminescence increases of a factor of 5 are observed for AIN(Er) samples treated in a H-2 plasma at 200 degrees C for 30 min. The atomic deuterium passivates defects in the AIN, which normally provide alternative carrier recombination routes. Postdeuteration annealing at 300 degrees C for 20 min removes the luminescence enhancement by depassivating the nonradiative centers. The AIN(Er) provides a high degree of resistance to thermal quenching of luminescence as a function of temperature because of its wide band gap (6.2 eV), and hydrogenation is a simple method for maximizing the optical output in this materials system. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 HAMPTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RES CTR OPT PHYS,HAMPTON,VA 23668. HUGHES RES LABS,MALIBU,CA 90265. USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 29 PY 1997 VL 71 IS 13 BP 1807 EP 1809 DI 10.1063/1.119405 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XY993 UT WOS:A1997XY99300021 ER PT J AU Musah, RA Jensen, GM Rosenfeld, RJ McRee, DE Goodin, DB Bunte, SW AF Musah, RA Jensen, GM Rosenfeld, RJ McRee, DE Goodin, DB Bunte, SW TI Variation in strength of an unconventional C-H to O hydrogen bond in an engineered protein cavity SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID THIAZOLIUM C(2)-PROTON EXCHANGE; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE; PEROXIDASE; BINDING; H...O; SITE C1 Scripps Res Inst, DEPT MOL BIOL, MB8, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. USA, RES LAB, ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD 21005 USA. NR 22 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 24 PY 1997 VL 119 IS 38 BP 9083 EP 9084 DI 10.1021/ja9716766 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XX820 UT WOS:A1997XX82000053 ER PT J AU Haraldson, CA Karle, JM Freeman, SG Duvadie, RK Avery, MA AF Haraldson, CA Karle, JM Freeman, SG Duvadie, RK Avery, MA TI The synthesis of 8,8-disubstituted tricyclic analogs of artemisinin SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-FIELD ANALYSIS; DRUG AB Two tricyclic analogs of artemisinin were designed based on a Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) model, and synthesized for antimalarial testing as part of a program to construct and validate modeling tools for drug design of novel antimalarial agents based on the natural product lead, (+)-artemisinin. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI,SCH PHARM,PHARMACEUT SCI RES INST,NATL CTR DEV NAT PROD,DEPT MED CHEM,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,DEPT CHEM,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,DIV EXPT THERAPEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-894X J9 BIOORG MED CHEM LETT JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. PD SEP 23 PY 1997 VL 7 IS 18 BP 2357 EP 2362 DI 10.1016/S0960-894X(97)00432-0 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA YA261 UT WOS:A1997YA26100006 ER PT J AU Der, S Redman, B Chellappa, R AF Der, S Redman, B Chellappa, R TI Simulation of error in optical radar range measurements SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE pulsed laser radar; laser ranging; three-dimensional imaging; range imaging; ladar ID BEAM AB We describe a computer simulation of atmospheric and target effects on the accuracy of range measurements using pulsed laser radars with p-i-n or avalanche photodiodes for direct detection. The computer simulation produces simulated images as a function of a wide variety of atmospheric, target, and sensor parameters for laser radars with range accuracies smaller than the pulse width. The simulation allows arbitrary target geometries and simulates speckle, turbulence, and near-field and far-field effects. We compare simulation results with actual range error data collected in field tests. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Der, S (reprint author), USA,NIGHT VIS & ELECT SENSORS DIRECTORATE,FT BELVOIR,VA 22060, USA. NR 12 TC 23 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 20 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 27 BP 6869 EP 6874 DI 10.1364/AO.36.006869 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA XV502 UT WOS:A1997XV50200025 PM 18259558 ER PT J AU Bergmann, ES Ballou, RW Krzych, U AF Bergmann, ES Ballou, RW Krzych, U TI Detection of CD4(+)CD45RO(+) T lymphocytes producing IL-4 in response to antigens on Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytes: An in vitro correlate of protective immunity induced with attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STAGE MALARIA; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; IRRADIATED SPOROZOITES; IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY; CELLS RECOGNIZE; IN-VIVO; GAMMA; PEPTIDE; BERGHEI; IMMUNIZATION AB Malaria is caused by Plasmodium spp. and is one of the major infectious diseases leading to morbidity and mortality in tropical areas of the world. The model of protective immunity induced by immunization with radiation-attenuated Plasmodia sporozoites (SPZ) has become the framework for the elucidation of protective immune mechanisms and the prototype for a promising vaccine strategy. We have previously reported that although considered stage specific based on antibody and CD8(+) cytolytic T lymphocyte responses directed against preerythrocytic stage antigens, in particular, the circumsporozoite protein and sporozoite surface protein 2, protective immunity induced in humans by attenuated Plasmodium falciparum SPZ may also involve CD4(+) T cell responding to antigens present on parasitized red blood cells (pRBC). In this study we examined the functional role of pRBC responding CD4(+) T cells by comparing in vitro pRBC-stimulated responses of CD4(+) T cells from persons during preimmunity to irradiated SPZ, during induction of protection, and infection induced with SPZ, The results reported herein corroborate previously published observations that antigens associated with pRBC induce proliferative CD4(+) lymphocytes responses in subjects exposed to malaria parasite-derived antigens and not malaria-naive persons; however, now we demonstrate that pRBC-proliferative CD4(+) T cells did not coincide with protective immunity. Similarly, pRBC-induced IFN-gamma levels did not distinguish malaria protected from susceptible persons, although IFN-gamma was observed only in lymphocyte cultures from malaria parasite-exposed volunteers and not in lymphocyte cultures from malaria-naive persons. In contrast, we noted an increase in the IL-4-producing CD4(+) T cells that also exhibited the memory phenotype, CD45RO, and an upregulated expression of CD25 in cultures from malaria protected persons as compared to malaria naive persons and subjects who became parasitemic. Hence, these observations suggest that the induction of memory CD4(+) T cell subset distinguished by the expression of CD45RO and CD25 and production of IL-4 coincides with protective immune responses generated by immunization with attenuated SPZ. (C) 1997 Academic Press. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011 OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956 NR 50 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD SEP 15 PY 1997 VL 180 IS 2 BP 143 EP 152 DI 10.1006/cimm.1997.1186 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA YC664 UT WOS:A1997YC66400006 PM 9341744 ER PT J AU Koh, G AF Koh, G TI Dielectric properties of ice at millimeter wavelengths SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE; FRESH; GHZ AB The use of radars to study the geophysical features in a polar environment requires reliable information about the relative complex dielectric permittivity, epsilon = epsilon' + i epsilon'', of ice at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. To address this requirement, epsilon of ice at millimeter wavelengths was obtained. using an interference technique. The interference pattern was produced by measuring the transmittance through bubble-free ice slabs at normal incident angle as the frequency was swept from 75 to 110 GHz. From the resulting interference patterns, epsilon' was determined to be 3.17 +/- 0.05 and virtually independent of frequency. Frequency-dependent absorption loss was observed such that epsilon'' increased from approximately 2.4 +/- 0.2 x 10(-3) to 4.0 +/- 9.2 x 10(-3) over the swept frequencies. RP Koh, G (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,GEOPHYS SCI DIV,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 15 PY 1997 VL 24 IS 18 BP 2311 EP 2313 DI 10.1029/97GL02272 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA XW963 UT WOS:A1997XW96300013 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, ME Sullivan, KU Bowden, CM AF Crenshaw, Michael E. Sullivan, Kay U. Bowden, Charles M. TI Local field effects in multicomponent media SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article AB We investigate local-field effects in nonlinear optical materials composed of two species of atoms. One species of atom is assumed to be near resonance with an applied field and is modeled as a two-level system while the other species of atom is assumed to be in the linear regime. If the near dipole-dipole interaction between two-level atoms is negligible, the usual local-field enhancement of the field is obtained. For the case in which near-dipole-dipole interactions are significant due to a high density of two-level atoms, local-field effects associated with the presence of a optically linear material component lead to local-field enhancement of the near dipole-dipole interaction, intrinsic cooperative decays, and coherence exchange processes. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America C1 [Crenshaw, Michael E.; Sullivan, Kay U.; Bowden, Charles M.] US Army Aviat & Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Crenshaw, ME (reprint author), US Army Aviat & Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, AMSAM RD WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM mcrenshaw@redstone.army.mil NR 12 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD SEP 15 PY 1997 VL 1 IS 6 BP 152 EP 159 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA V30FN UT WOS:000208802000004 PM 19373395 ER PT J AU Heppner, DG Wongsrichanalai, C Walsh, DS McDaniel, P Eamsila, C Hanson, B Paxton, H AF Heppner, DG Wongsrichanalai, C Walsh, DS McDaniel, P Eamsila, C Hanson, B Paxton, H TI Human ehrlichiosis in Thailand SO LANCET LA English DT Article C1 INTEGRATED DIAGNOST,BALTIMORE,MD. KWAI RIVER CHRISTIAN HOSP,SANGKHLABURI,THAILAND. RP Heppner, DG (reprint author), ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. NR 4 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 13 PY 1997 VL 350 IS 9080 BP 785 EP 786 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)62571-8 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XW282 UT WOS:A1997XW28200022 PM 9298007 ER PT J AU Goff, JR AF Goff, JR TI Experimental realization of a multiproduct photorefractive correlation system for temporal signals SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE photorefractives; holograms; correlation; signal processing; optical processing; pseudorandom noise sequences; triple correlation; wide-band signals ID TRIPLE CORRELATIONS; CRYSTALS AB The design and operation of a multidimensional photorefractive correlator is described. With a photorefractive medium as the integrator, this system effects the correlation of up to four time-evolving signals. The holographic correlation volume is viewed by projection onto a two-dimensional detector. The correlator is designed for use with binary-phase signals, especially pseudorandom noise sequences. (C) 1997 optical Society of America. RP Goff, JR (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD SEP 10 PY 1997 VL 36 IS 26 BP 6627 EP 6635 DI 10.1364/AO.36.006627 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA XU566 UT WOS:A1997XU56600008 PM 18259525 ER PT J AU Dooley, DP Bostic, PS Beckius, ML AF Dooley, DP Bostic, PS Beckius, ML TI Spook house sporotrichosis - A point-source outbreak of sporotrichosis associated with hay bale props in a Halloween haunted house SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY SEP 18-20, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Infectious Dis Soc Amer ID EPIDEMIC AB While isolated cases of sporotrichosis typically occur following contact with contaminated plant materials, outbreaks are distinctly unusual, A temporal increase in the incidence of sporotrichosis in a dermatology practice at a military installation in southwestern Oklahoma prompted an investigation. Patients with sporotrichosis presenting to a single dermatologist in the winter of 1992-1993 were interviewed, epidemiological data were collected, and fungal cultures were obtained from incriminated hay fields. Five patients presented with cutaneous sporotrichosis during a 5-week period beginning in December 1992. Four patients had maintained hay bales in a Halloween haunted house and the fifth patient had visited the house once, As in 3 previous reports, this outbreak was associated with stored hay or hay bales harvested in the US plains states. Contact with hay should be recognized as a risk factor for infection with Sporothrix schenckii. Outbreaks are possible given adequate intensity of exposure and may be difficult to recognize because of the delayed presentation of clinical illness. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,HONOLULU,HI 96859. RP Dooley, DP (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 9 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD SEP 8 PY 1997 VL 157 IS 16 BP 1885 EP 1887 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XV086 UT WOS:A1997XV08600013 PM 9290549 ER PT J AU Lu, XCM Tortella, FC Ved, HS Garcia, GE Dave, JR AF Lu, XCM Tortella, FC Ved, HS Garcia, GE Dave, JR TI Neuroprotective role of c-fos antisense oligonucleotide: in vitro and in vivo studies SO NEUROREPORT LA English DT Article DE antisense oligonucleotide; c-fos; glutamate; neuroprotection; NMDA; rat ID RAT-BRAIN; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; MESSENGER-RNA; EXPRESSION; ISCHEMIA; PROTEIN; ACTIVATION; RECEPTORS; INDUCTION; STABILITY AB WE investigated the dose-response and time-course of c-fos antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASO) treatment against excitatory amino acid (EAA)-induced neurotoxicity in rat hippocampal neurons. Glutamate (in vitro) or NMDA (in vivo) produced significant neuronal degeneration. Neuroprotection produced by 30 min or 4 h pretreatment with c-fos ASO in cultured hippocampal neurons was dose-dependent. In vivo, bilateral intrahippocampal injections of c-fos ASO (0.025 nmol/site) was neuroprotective when administered 30 min before or after NMDA treatment. However, 4 h pretreatment was ineffective. A higher dose (0.125 nmol) of c-fos ASO was neurotoxic and failed to afford neuroprotection regardless of the treatment schedule. Collectively, these results demonstrate a neuroprotective effect of c-fos ASO against EAA-induced neuronal injury supporting a causative role of c-fos expression in EAA neurotoxicity. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT NEUROPHARMACOL & MOL BIOL,DIV NEUROSCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BIOL CHEM,DIV BIOCHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0959-4965 J9 NEUROREPORT JI Neuroreport PD SEP 8 PY 1997 VL 8 IS 13 BP 2925 EP 2929 DI 10.1097/00001756-199709080-00024 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA XV844 UT WOS:A1997XV84400024 PM 9376532 ER PT J AU Hsieh, AJ Gutierrez, AW AF Hsieh, AJ Gutierrez, AW TI Dynamic mechanical analysis of microlayered polycarbonate PMMA composites. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,RES LAB,AMSRL WM MA,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 47 EP MACR PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85901720 ER PT J AU Tan, NCB McKnight, SH Palmese, GR AF Tan, NCB McKnight, SH Palmese, GR TI Chemical segregation in epoxy precursor mixtures at simulated fiber/matrix interfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,RES LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. UNIV DELAWARE,NEWARK,DE 19716. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 49 EP MACR PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85901722 ER PT J AU Styvaert, M AF Styvaert, M TI US Army decommissioning and mixed waste remediation experiences and lessons learned. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,IND OPERAT COMMAND,RADIOACT WASTE DISPOSAL DIV,ROCK ISL,IL 61299. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 62 EP NUCL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702794 ER PT J AU Oxenberg, TP Ebinger, MH AF Oxenberg, TP Ebinger, MH TI Decommissioning Jefferson Proving Ground for restricted release. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,TEST & EVALUAT COMMAND,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ENVIRONM SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 66 EP NUCL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85702798 ER PT J AU Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD AF Munavalli, S Rossman, DI Rohrbaugh, DK Durst, HD TI Photochemical reaction of phenylcyclopropane with trifluoromethylsulfenyl chloride SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20774. USA,EDGEWOOD RES DEV CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 96 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900096 ER PT J AU Tan, NB Balogh, L Trevino, S AF Tan, NB Balogh, L Trevino, S TI Structure of metallo-organic nano-composites produced from dendrimer complexes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,RES LAB,AMSRL WM MA,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. MICHIGAN MOL INST,MIDLAND,MI 48640. NIST,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 101 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85901363 ER PT J AU Biaglow, AI AF Biaglow, AI TI Formation and reaction of benzaldehyde in solid acids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US MIL ACAD,DEPT CHEM,W POINT,NY 10996. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 117 EP PETR PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900510 ER PT J AU Hoffland, L Calloway, R Emery, AP Nassar, AEF AF Hoffland, L Calloway, R Emery, AP Nassar, AEF TI Modification of electroosmotic flow with cationic surfactants in capillary electrophoresis for analysis of chemical warfare agent degradation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,MAT COMMAND TREATY LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. BATTELLE MEM INST,BEL AIR,MD 21015. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 123 EP ENVR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85701610 ER PT J AU Emery, AP Nassar, AEF AF Emery, AP Nassar, AEF TI Analysis of chemical warfare agent degradation products by the reversal of electroosmotic flow in capillary electrophoresis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,TREATY LAB,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. BATTELLE INST,BEL AIR,MD 21015. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 148 EP COLL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85701170 ER PT J AU Taub, IA AF Taub, IA TI Commonality in the radiation chemistry of food constituents: Application to regulatory approval SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,NATICK,MA 01760. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 191 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900708 ER PT J AU Cuff, L Olson, MA AF Cuff, L Olson, MA TI A protein-protein docking approach to superantigen vaccine design. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT BIOCHEM & CELL BIOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702. UNIV MINNESOTA,USA,HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 227 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ857 UT WOS:A1997XQ85701426 ER PT J AU Berg, FJ McMahon, LR Durst, HD AF Berg, FJ McMahon, LR Durst, HD TI Preparation of O-alkyl-2-aminoethylmethylphosphonates via a phthalimidoethylphosphonate intermediate. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,CTR DEV & ENGN,EDGEWOOD RES,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 257 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900257 ER PT J AU Hsu, FL Hondrogiannis, G Berg, FJ AF Hsu, FL Hondrogiannis, G Berg, FJ TI Synthesis of 1,4-dithiane 1-oxide and 1,1-dioxide from bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfoxide and sulfone in aqueous sodium sulfide and on gamma-alumina impregnated with sodium sulfide. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,CTR DEV & ENGN,EDGEWOOD RES,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 258 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85900258 ER PT J AU Vaughan, WM Duong, H Ghosh, TK AF Vaughan, WM Duong, H Ghosh, TK TI Sustained release ketoprofen microspheres as dental pulp capping materials. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DENT RES DETACHMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 318 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85901247 ER PT J AU Wilusz, E Truong, OT Rivin, D Kendrick, CE AF Wilusz, E Truong, OT Rivin, D Kendrick, CE TI Development of selectively permeable membranes for chemical protective clothing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,SURVIVABIL DIRECTORATE,NATICK,MA 01760. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD SEP 7 PY 1997 VL 214 BP 341 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA XQ859 UT WOS:A1997XQ85901603 ER PT J AU Michael, NL Louie, LG Sheppard, HW AF Michael, NL Louie, LG Sheppard, HW TI CCR5-Delta 32 gene deletion in HIV-1 infected patients SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SCH PUBL HLTH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,BERKELEY,CA 94704. RP Michael, NL (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 5 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 6 PY 1997 VL 350 IS 9079 BP 741 EP 742 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)63552-0 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU977 UT WOS:A1997XU97700060 PM 9291931 ER PT J AU Manchala, DW Palazzolo, AB Kascak, AF Montague, GT Brown, GV AF Manchala, DW Palazzolo, AB Kascak, AF Montague, GT Brown, GV TI Constrained quadratic programming, active control of rotating mass imbalance SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article AB Jet engines may experience severe vibration due to the sudden imbalance caused by blade failure. The current research investigates employment of piezoelectric actuators to suppress this using active vibration control. This requires identification of the source of the vibrations via an expert system, determination of the required phase angles and amplitudes for the correction forces, and application of the desired control signals to the piezoelectric actuators. Correction forces may exceed the physical limitations of the actuators; hence results of ''constrained force'' quadratic programming, least squares and multi-point correction algorithms will be compared. It is demonstrated that simply scaling down the least squares predicted correction forces to satisfy the actuator saturation constraints does not necessarily yield optimal reductions in vibration. In this paper test results are shown for sudden imbalance, and the computational time requirements and balancing effectiveness for the various approaches are compared. (C) 1997 Academic Press Limited. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. USA,NASA LEWIS,CLEVELAND,OH 44135. NASA,LEWIS RES CTR,CLEVELAND,OH 44135. RP Manchala, DW (reprint author), XEROX CORP,EL SEGUNDO,CA 90245, USA. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD SEP 4 PY 1997 VL 205 IS 5 BP 561 EP 580 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1996.1030 PG 20 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA XU849 UT WOS:A1997XU84900001 ER PT J AU Moul, JW AF Moul, JW TI PSA thresholds for prostate cancer detection SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP Moul, JW (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,BETHESDA,MD, USA. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 3 PY 1997 VL 278 IS 9 BP 699 EP 699 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XT709 UT WOS:A1997XT70900006 PM 9286819 ER PT J AU Labbate, LA Lande, RG Jones, F Oleshansky, MA AF Labbate, LA Lande, RG Jones, F Oleshansky, MA TI Tardive dyskinesia in older out-patients: a follow-up study SO ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article DE tardive dyskinesia; elderly; longitudinal study ID RISK; OUTPATIENTS AB Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a long-term potential adverse effect of neuroleptic treatment, and older age has been correlated with the development of TD. We conducted a chart review of current out-patients and examined annual Abnormal Inventory Movement Scale (AIMS) evaluations for the period 1987-1995 for 43 patients who started neuroleptic treatment after the age of 35 years. Patients (mean age 67 years) began neuroleptic treatment at a mean age of 46 years and were taking neuroleptics for 18 years on average. A total of 18 patients (42%) met the research criteria for TD, of whom all cases were mild except for three, which were moderate. Although TD was common, it rarely progressed in this naturalistic setting, suggesting that even for older patients maintenance neuroleptic treatment may be feasible for chronic psychosis. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, DEPT PSYCHIAT, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. RP VET ADM MED CTR, MENTAL HLTH SERV, 109 BEE ST, CHARLESTON, SC 29401 USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0001-690X EI 1600-0447 J9 ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND JI Acta Psychiatr. Scand. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 96 IS 3 BP 195 EP 198 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1997.tb10151.x PG 4 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA XR656 UT WOS:A1997XR65600006 PM 9296550 ER PT J AU Barekman, CL Fair, KP Cotelingam, JD AF Barekman, CL Fair, KP Cotelingam, JD TI Comparative utility of diagnostic bone-marrow components: A 10-year study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone marrow; diagnosis; components; utility ID MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; CLASSIFICATION; BIOPSY; LYMPHOMA; IDENTIFICATION AB Ten years of cumulative experience represented by 4,902 consecutive diagnostic bone-marrow examinations at a tertiary care and referral center were reviewed to assess the value of specific components. While it has been shown previously that the information obtained from each component is generally complementary, the inclusion of some or all components may vary between institutions. The components studied included aspirate smears, clot sections, biopsy cores, and touch imprints of biopsy and clot sections. Three clinical presentations accounted for the majority of cases: staging for carcinoma or lymphoma, cytopenias, and acute leukemia. We conclude that bilateral aspirates with biopsies are required for diagnosis in staging of neoplasms and that a unilateral aspirate with biopsy is sufficient to assess patients with cytopenia or leukemia. Only rarely were touch imprints of biopsy cores necessary to establish a diagnosis; however, their early availability prior to examining sections of the clot and core did provide immediate information, when positive, in the staging of patients with carcinoma. In a small percentage of staging and leukemia cases the diagnosis rested with the clot section alone. The findings in this study address common assumptions associated with routine diagnostic hematology and oncology procedures, and are important to both clinicians and pathologists concerned with accuracy, quality assurance, turnaround time, and cost containment. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR, SECT HEMATOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, HEMATOPATHOL BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD USA. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0361-8609 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 1 BP 37 EP 41 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8652(199709)56:1<37::AID-AJH8>3.0.CO;2-3 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XU613 UT WOS:A1997XU61300008 PM 9298866 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, MD Scott, RM Vaughn, DW Rajbhandari, S Nisalak, A Shrestha, MP AF Zimmerman, MD Scott, RM Vaughn, DW Rajbhandari, S Nisalak, A Shrestha, MP TI Short report: An outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in Kathmandu, Nepal SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB We report the first proven outbreak of Japanese encephalitis (JE) occurring in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal. During September and October 1995, we treated 15 patients with meningo-encephalitis. All of the patients were Nepalese, all but one Lived in the Kathmandu Valley, and their overall mortality was 53%. Anti-JE virus (JEV) IgM in the cerebrospinal fluid was found in the two cases for whom it was tested. The two tested patients were similar to the other patients in clinical presentation and in home location. We recommend immunization against JEV for those traveling to Kathmandu during the months of August to October. C1 PATAN HOSP,DEPT MED,KATMANDU,NEPAL. ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT VIROL,BANGKOK,THAILAND. NR 14 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 57 IS 3 BP 283 EP 284 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA XZ010 UT WOS:A1997XZ01000008 PM 9311637 ER PT J AU Bromley, HR Tuorinsky, S AF Bromley, HR Tuorinsky, S TI An uncommon leak in the anesthesia breathing circuit SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Letter C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ANESTHESIA SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Bromley, HR (reprint author), 2290TH US ARMY RESERVE HOSP,ROCKVILLE,MD 20851, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 85 IS 3 BP 707 EP 707 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA XU060 UT WOS:A1997XU06000048 PM 9296441 ER PT J AU Walker, SC Stevens, JB AF Walker, SC Stevens, JB TI Pre- and post-use aerobic cultures of disposable anesthesia circuits: A study of reuse safety SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIA & OPERAT SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1997 VL 87 IS 3 SU S BP A411 EP A411 DI 10.1097/00000542-199709001-00411 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA XV636 UT WOS:A1997XV63600411 ER PT J AU Kronenberg, S Brucker, GJ Bechtel, E AF Kronenberg, S Brucker, GJ Bechtel, E TI The concept of the angular differential dose of ionizing radiation and its measurement SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article AB Radiation-induced effects often depend not only on the absorbed dose but also on the distribution of directions from which it is delivered. This distribution can be described by using the angular differential dose, whose integral over all angles equals the integrated dose. A directional sensor was developed to measure this quantity. The design of the sensor is based on a carbon fiber, self-reading, electrometer dosimeter. Its sensitivity to the direction of incident gamma rays or x-rays makes it possible to measure dose or dose rate as a function of the angle of incident radiation. Experiments to demonstrate the properties of this sensor (Directional Dosimeter, DD) were conducted, using point sources of Cs-137. Results show that the sensor can detect and locate multiple Cs-137 sources and determine the angular differential dose or angular differential dose rate in physical units of grays (tissue) per degree or grays per degree per minute. The DD was also used to scan and image the back-scatter from a water target of monodirectionally incident Cs-137 662 keV gamma rays. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA,NBC DEF SYST,RADIAC PROJECT OFF,AMCPMNNNF,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 48 IS 9 BP 1251 EP 1256 DI 10.1016/S0969-8043(97)00110-3 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA YL178 UT WOS:A1997YL17800014 ER PT J AU Andrade, D AF Andrade, D TI SOG: The secret wars of America's commandos in Vietnam - Plaster,JL SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review RP Andrade, D (reprint author), USA,CTR MIL HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20310, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TRANSACTION PERIOD CONSORTIUM PI NEW BRUNSWICK PA DEPT 3091 RUTGERS-THE STATE UNIV OF NJ, NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 24 IS 1 BP 162 EP 167 DI 10.1177/0095327X9702400112 PG 6 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA YJ093 UT WOS:A1997YJ09300012 ER PT J AU Liossis, SNC Ding, XZ Dennis, GJ Tsokos, GC AF Liossis, SNC Ding, XZ Dennis, GJ Tsokos, GC TI Defective T cell receptor Z chain expression and abnormal T cell signaling in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 40 IS 9 SU S BP 252 EP 252 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA XY634 UT WOS:A1997XY63400251 ER PT J AU Liossis, SNC Ding, XZ Kiang, JG Tsokos, GC AF Liossis, SNC Ding, XZ Kiang, JG Tsokos, GC TI Overexpression of the heat-shock protein 70 enhances the TCR/CD3- and the Fas/Apo-1/CD95-mediated apoptotic cell death in Jurkat T cells. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 40 IS 9 SU S BP 883 EP 883 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA XY634 UT WOS:A1997XY63400881 ER PT J AU Jackson, LW Dennis, GJ Centeno, JA AF Jackson, LW Dennis, GJ Centeno, JA TI Blood silicon determination in patients with silicone breast implants. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 40 IS 9 SU S BP 1419 EP 1419 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA XY634 UT WOS:A1997XY63401416 ER PT J AU Murphy, FT Shorr, AF Gilliland, WR AF Murphy, FT Shorr, AF Gilliland, WR TI The varying spectrum of osseous sarcoidosis: Clinical, radiographic, and pathologic observations. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RHEUMATOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 40 IS 9 SU S BP 1422 EP 1422 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA XY634 UT WOS:A1997XY63401419 ER PT J AU Tesar, JT Alving, B AF Tesar, JT Alving, B TI Increase of soluble P-selectin (SPS) and Von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels in blood of patients with SLE and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS). SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 40 IS 9 SU S BP 1610 EP 1610 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA XY634 UT WOS:A1997XY63401607 ER PT J AU Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC AF Tolnay, M Tsokos, GC TI A heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein functions as a transcription factor of the complement receptor 2 (CR2) gene. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 40 IS 9 SU S BP 1742 EP 1742 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA XY634 UT WOS:A1997XY63401739 ER PT J AU Gentile, BJ Durkot, MJ Krestel, BA Sils, IV Tartarini, KA English, DA Alkhyyat, AM AF Gentile, BJ Durkot, MJ Krestel, BA Sils, IV Tartarini, KA English, DA Alkhyyat, AM TI Effects of almitrine bismesylate in a microswine model of hypoxemic hypothermia SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BLOOD AB We have developed an anesthetized microswine model of hypoxemic hypothermia and rewarming for testing prophylaxes and treatments. The respiratory stimulant almitrine bismesylate (ALM) was considered as a potential field expedient therapy for hypoxemic hypothermia. Preliminary experiments demonstrated that five consecutive 100 mu g.kg(-1) ALM intravenous (iv) doses given to normothermic microswine 3-4 min apart increased minute ventilation from an average of 3.4 L.min-1 to 4.5 L.min(-1) (n = 2). However, when either a single iv ALM dose of 150 mu g.kg(-1) (n = 1) or three consecutive 100 mu g.kg(-1) iv doses given 15 min apart (n = 1) to hypoxemic hypothermic microswine with a mean esophageal temperature (Tes) = 28.8 degrees C, and a mean arterial O-2 partial pressure (PaO2) = 49 mmHg, the hypoxemia was potentiated (mean PaO2 = 32 mmHg) and respiratory arrest ensued. Other experiments using continuous ALM iv infusion (1.0 mu g.kg(-1).min(-1)) in hypoxemic hypothermic microswine (n = 6, Tes = 30.6 +/- 0.5, PaO2 = 55.4 +/- 12.9) did not demonstrate significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) cardiorespiratory differences (ventilation, heart rate, blood pressure, blood gases) when compared to hypoxemic hypothermic controls (n = 6, Tes = 30.7 +/- 0.5, PaO2 = 53.3 +/- 13.6). These results suggest that high dose iv bolus administration of ALM is not indicated as a potential field expedient therapy for hyperemic hypothermia, while further work is required to assess the potential efficacy of other continuous low dose iv infusion regimens. C1 USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,ANIM RESOURCES BRANCH,NATICK,MA 01760. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 68 IS 9 BP 824 EP 828 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA XU847 UT WOS:A1997XU84700008 PM 9293352 ER PT J AU Highsmith, FA Driscoll, CM Chung, BC Chavez, MD Macdonald, VW Manning, JM Lippert, LE Berger, RL Hess, JR AF Highsmith, FA Driscoll, CM Chung, BC Chavez, MD Macdonald, VW Manning, JM Lippert, LE Berger, RL Hess, JR TI An improved process for the production of sterile modified haemoglobin solutions SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article ID HEMOGLOBIN; BINDING AB The process for manufacturing bulk quantities of sterile solutions of human haemoglobin (Hb) cross-linked between the alpha chains (alpha alpha Hb) with bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl) fumarate (DBBF) was modified to. (1) improve product purity; (2) increase product yield; (3) eliminate non-United Stales Pharmacopoeia materials, (4) reduce reagent costs; and (5) reduce production time. These process modifications were the result of increased scientific understanding of the Hb cross-linking chemistry and were in the form of engineering and procedure controls that reflect current good manufacturing practices (cGMP). Purity, as reflected in the fractional yield of the desired alpha alpha Hb product, has increased from 60% to 90+% of total Hb, and uncross-linked Hb was virtually eliminated. Impurities such as pyrogens, methaemoglobin, phospholipid, and free iron were reduced. The net yield of alpha alpha Hb was increased from 33% to 58% of starting Hb content. Production time, the use of overtime, the consumption of expensive reagents and filters, and losses because of contamination have all been reduced. As a result, cost per gram of alpha alpha Hb produced has decreased 60%. With this improved process, efficient production of very pure alpha alpha Hb is possible. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,BLOOD RES DETACHMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. BIONET CORP,ROCKVILLE,MD. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD SEP PY 1997 VL 25 IS 3 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1006/biol.1997.0096 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XY418 UT WOS:A1997XY41800001 PM 9324994 ER PT J AU Adebonojo, SA Moritz, DM Danby, CA AF Adebonojo, SA Moritz, DM Danby, CA TI The results of modern surgical therapy for multiple primary lung cancers SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE lung neoplasm; metachronous lung cancer; multiple lung cancers; second primary lung cancer; synchronous lung cancer ID SURVIVAL FOLLOWING RESECTION; BRONCHOGENIC-CARCINOMA; PULMONARY RESECTION; 2ND; PNEUMONECTOMY; DIAGNOSIS; PROGNOSIS; TUMORS AB Study objectives: The put-pose of this report is to review our experience with multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) at the Waiter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, and to determine the outcome of our surgical management of this complex problem. Patients and methods: The data from the Lung Cancer Registry on patients with MPLC from January 1984 to December 1995 were reviewed. We used the criteria of Martini and Melamed modified by Antakli for the diagnosis of synchronous and metachronous MPLC. Survival probabilities were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier actuarial method with the dates of resection as the starting point and included deaths from all causes, The log rank test was used to compare survival rates between groups and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the intervals between the first and the second metachronous cancers. A p value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Fifty-two patients, consisting of 51 patients who had ''curative'' pulmonary resections and 1 patient who had radiation therapy for previous primary lung cancer, developed second or third primary lung cancers, Thirty-seven patients developed metachronous cancers within 1 to 15 years of the first operation (median, 24 months) while 15 patients had synchronous cancers (10 unilateral, 5 bilateral). The probability of cancer-free interval among patients with metachronous cancers was 41% at 3 years, 16% at 5 years, and 3% at 10 years. Two of the 36 patients who had pulmonary resection for the second metachronous cancer died in the perioperative period (operative mortality, 5.6%), and one patient had radiation therapy for the second metachronous cancer. There were no deaths among patients with synchronous cancers. The actuarial-year survival for second metachronous cancers was 31% and for synchronous cancers was 0%. Conclusions: We conclude that an aggressive surgical approach is safe and justified in most patients with MPLC, especially patients with metachronous cancers, while patients with synchronous lung cancers have poorer prognosis. The operative morbidity and mortality are acceptable and long-term survival is possible in many patients with metachronous lung cancer. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CARDIOTHORAC SURG,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 48 TC 70 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD SEP PY 1997 VL 112 IS 3 BP 693 EP 701 DI 10.1378/chest.112.3.693 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA XX778 UT WOS:A1997XX77800018 PM 9315801 ER PT J AU Frederick, KD Major, DC Stakhiv, EZ AF Frederick, KD Major, DC Stakhiv, EZ TI Climate change and water resources planning criteria - Introduction SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 SARAH LAWRENCE COLL,BRONXVILLE,NY 10708. USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,INST WATER RESOURCES,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22315. RP Frederick, KD (reprint author), RESOURCES FUTURE INC,1616 P ST NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20036, USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1023/A:1005332807162 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XV604 UT WOS:A1997XV60400001 ER PT J AU Stakhiv, EZ Major, DC AF Stakhiv, EZ Major, DC TI Ecosystem evaluation, climate change and water resources planning SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID FRAMEWORK AB This paper considers ecosystem evaluation under conditions of climate change in the context both of the U.S. Water Resources Council's Principles and Guidelines (P&G) and the more general Federal regulations governing environmental evaluation. Federal water agencies have responsibilities for protecting aquatic ecosystems through their regulatory programs and operations and planning missions. The primary concern of water resources and aquatic ecosystems planning in the United States is on the riparian or floodplain corridors of river systems. In the context of climate change, planning for these systems focusses on adaptation options both for current climate variability and for that engendered by potential climate change. Ecosystems appear to be highly vulnerable to climate change, as described in IPCC reports. Aquatic ecosystems are likely to be doubly affected, first by thermally induced changes of global warming and second by changes in the hydrologic regime. Perhaps as much as any of the issues dealt with in this issue, the evaluation of ecosystems is linked to fundamental questions of criteria as well as to the details of the Federal environmental planning system. That system is a densely woven, interlocking system of environmental protection legislation, criteria and regulations that includes a self-contained evaluation system driven by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) procedural guidelines (United States Council on Environmental Quality, 1978) and Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) requirements. The Corps of Engineers must use both the P&G and the NEPA/EIS system in discharging its responsibilities. If U.S. Federal agencies are to take the lead in formulating and evaluating adaptation options, there needs to be a reexamination of existing evaluation approaches. Among the elements of the P&G that may require rethinking in view of the prospects of global climate change are those relating to risk and uncertainty, nonstationarity, interest rates, and multiple objectives. Within the government planning process, efforts must be made to resolve inconsistencies and constraints in order to permit the optimal evaluation of water-based ecosystems under global climate change. The interrelationships of the two systems are described in this paper, and alternative ways of viewing the planning process are discussed. Strategic planning and management at the watershed level provides an effective approach to many of the issues. Current NEPA/EIS impact analysis does not provide a suitable framework for environmental impact analysis under climate uncertainty, and site-specific water resources evaluation relating to climate change appears difficult at current levels of knowledge about climate change. The IPCC Technical Guidelines, however, provide a useful beginning for assessing the impacts of future climate states. C1 SARAH LAWRENCE COLL,BRONXVILLE,NY 10708. RP Stakhiv, EZ (reprint author), USA,CROPS ENGN INST WATER RESOURCES,7701 TELEG RD,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22315, USA. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 103 EP 120 DI 10.1023/A:1005316419457 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XV604 UT WOS:A1997XV60400007 ER PT J AU Hobbs, BJ Chao, PT Venkatesh, BN AF Hobbs, BJ Chao, PT Venkatesh, BN TI Using decision analysis to include climate change in water resources decision making SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; UNCERTAINTY; IMPACTS; INFORMATION; ESSAY AB Is the prospect of possible climate change relevant to water resources decisions being made today? And, if so, how ought that prospect be considered? These questions can be addressed by decision analysis, which we apply to two investments in the Great Lakes region: a regulatory structure for Lake Erie, and breakwaters to protect Presque Isle State Park, PA. These two decisions have the elements that potentially make climate change relevant: long lived, ''one shot'' investments; benefits or costs that are affected by climate-influenced variables; and irreversibilities. The decision analyses include the option of waiting to obtain better information, using Bayesian analysis to detect whether climate change has altered water supplies. The analyses find that beliefs about climate change can indeed affect optimal decisions. Furthermore, ignoring the possibility of climate change can lead to significant opportunity losses-in the cases here, as much as 10% or more of the construction cost. Yet the consequences of climate uncertainty for Great Lakes management do not appear to be qualitatively different from those of other risks, and thus do not deserve different treatment. The methods of sensitivity analysis, scenario planning, and decision analysis, all of which are encouraged under US federal guidelines for water planning, are applicable. We recommend increased use of decision trees and Bayesian analysis to consider not only climate change risks, but also other important social and environmental uncertainties. C1 USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,INST WATER RESOURCES,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22315. ICF RESOURCES INC,FAIRFAX,VA 22031. RP Hobbs, BJ (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT GEOG & ENVIRONM ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. RI Hobbs, Benjamin/A-3291-2010 NR 53 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 9 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 177 EP 202 DI 10.1023/A:1005376622183 PG 26 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XV604 UT WOS:A1997XV60400011 ER PT J AU Wood, AW Lettenmaier, DP Palmer, RN AF Wood, AW Lettenmaier, DP Palmer, RN TI Assessing climate change implications for water resources planning SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID DELAWARE RIVER BASIN AB Numerous recent studies have shown that existing water supply systems are sensitive to climate change. One apparent implication is that water resources planning methods should be modified accordingly. Few of these studies, however, have attempted to account for either the chain of uncertainty in projecting water resources system vulnerability to climate change, or the adaptability of system operation resulting from existing planning strategies. Major uncertainties in water resources climate change assessments lie in a) climate modeling skill; b) errors in regional downscaling of climate model predictions; and c) uncertainties in future water demands. A simulation study was designed to provide insight into some aspects of these uncertainties. Specifically, the question that is addressed is whether a different decision would be made in a reservoir reallocation decision if knowledge about future climate were incorporated (i.e., would planning based on climate change information be justified?). The case study is possible reallocation of flood storage to conservation (municipal water supply) on the Green River, WA. We conclude that, for the case study, reservoir reallocation decisions and system performance would not differ significantly if climate change information were incorporated in the planning process. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Wood, AW (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,INST WATER RESOURCES,7701 TELEG RD,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22315, USA. RI Palmer, Richard/K-4432-2013; Wood, Andrew/L-5133-2013; lettenmaier, dennis/F-8780-2011 OI Palmer, Richard/0000-0002-7338-0468; Wood, Andrew/0000-0002-6231-0085; lettenmaier, dennis/0000-0003-3317-1327 NR 29 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 7 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 203 EP 228 DI 10.1023/A:1005380706253 PG 26 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XV604 UT WOS:A1997XV60400012 ER PT J AU Frederick, KD Major, DC Stakhiv, EZ AF Frederick, KD Major, DC Stakhiv, EZ TI Water resources planning principles and evaluation criteria for climate change: Summary and conclusions SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article AB The prospect of anthropogenically-induced climate change presents water planners with a variety of challenges. Drawing on work presented in this volume, these challenges are summarized and conceptual issues surrounding strategies for adapting water planning and project evaluation practices to this prospect are examined. The six-step planning process detailed in the Economic and Environmental Principles and Guidelines for Water and Related Land Resources Implementation Studies (P&G) is described; its ability to incorporate consideration of and responses to possible climate impacts is assessed. The methods of sensitivity analysis, scenario planning, and decision analysis that are encouraged by the P&G are found to be generally appropriate for planning and project evaluation under the prospect of climate change. However, some important planning and evaluation criteria require review and possible adaptation. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) impact assessment procedures are found to be particularly useful as a framework for climate change impact and sensitivity analyses, and would fulfill the requirements for future environmental impact statements. The ideas and principles are compatible with those found in the P&G. The water resources guidelines in the P&G deal explicitly with the specific comparison, appraisal, and selection of project alternatives based on normative decision rules associated with benefit cost analysis and maximizing national welfare. These basic rules and normative decision criteria for evaluating alternative adaptation measures were validated to a large degree by the IPCC Working Group III report (1996c) on economic and social dimensions of climate change. Neither IPCC guidelines nor general environmental impact procedures possess comparable prescriptive decision criteria. The paper concludes with guidance to planners as to: (1) climate-related factors that are of concern and should be monitored; (2) conditions under which climate change should receive particular attention; and (3) adaptation opportunities. C1 SARAH LAWRENCE COLL,BRONXVILLE,NY 10708. USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,INST WATER RESOURCES,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22315. RP Frederick, KD (reprint author), RESOURCES FUTURE INC,1616 P ST NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20036, USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 1 BP 291 EP 313 DI 10.1023/A:1005364302618 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA XV604 UT WOS:A1997XV60400016 ER PT J AU Smallridge, RC Tsokos, GC Burman, KD Porter, L Cranston, T Sfikakis, PP Solomon, BL AF Smallridge, RC Tsokos, GC Burman, KD Porter, L Cranston, T Sfikakis, PP Solomon, BL TI Soluble interleukin-2 receptor is a thyroid hormone-dependent early-response marker in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERCELLULAR-ADHESION MOLECULE-1; GRAVES-DISEASE; RHEUMATIC DISEASES; SERUM; HYPERTHYROIDISM; THERAPY AB Thyrotoxic patients exhibit increased levels of immune activation molecules (soluble interleukin-2 receptor [sIL-2R], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], and endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 [ELAM-1]) in serum, although the clinical significance of these measurements remains unclear, In a randomized ii-week study, we have recently shown that in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, the combination of cholestyramine and methimazole (MMI) resulted in faster lowering of serum thyroid-hormone levels than did MMI alone, Stored serial serum samples from patients participating in this randomized treatment trial were analyzed for sIL-2R, soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1), and soluble ELAM-1 (sELAM-1), The levels of all three molecules were elevated in patients with hyperthyroidism, Although the levels of sICAM-1 and sELAM-1 remained elevated through the 4-week follow-up period in both groups of patients, the sIL-2R levels (normal levels, 1.0 to 4.2 ng/ml) decreased significantly in the 10 patients who received cholestyramine in addition to MMI (week 0, 14.2 +/- 1.5 ng/ml; week 2, 10.8 +/- 1.2 ng/ml; week 4, 8.9 +/- 1.5 ng/ml). In eight patients who received MMI alone, sIL-2R decreased less rapidly (week 0, 12.3 +/- 1.4 ng/ml; week 2, 12.3 +/- 1.3 ng/ml; week 4, 10.9 +/- 1.3 ng/ml), sICAM-1 and sELAM-1 were elevated at baseline but did not decrease during therapy, In the former group, free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine decreased faster, These data show that levels of sIL-2R in serum, but not those of sICAM-1 and sELAM-1, mag be of clinical use in the early follow-up evaluation of medically treated patients. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CLIN PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,SERV ENDOCRINOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,NUCL MED SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIV ATHENS,SCH MED,GR-11527 ATHENS,GREECE. RP Smallridge, RC (reprint author), MAYO CLIN JACKSONVILLE,DIV ENDOCRINOL,4500 SAN PABLO RD,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32224, USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 4 IS 5 BP 583 EP 586 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XU923 UT WOS:A1997XU92300016 PM 9302209 ER PT J AU LlanosCuentas, A Echevarria, J Cruz, M LaRosa, A Campos, P Campos, M Franke, E Berman, J Modabber, F Marr, J AF LlanosCuentas, A Echevarria, J Cruz, M LaRosa, A Campos, P Campos, M Franke, E Berman, J Modabber, F Marr, J TI Efficacy of sodium stibogluconate alone and in combination with allopurinol for treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; MUCOSAL LEISHMANIASIS; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; PENTOSTAM; THERAPY; TOXICITY; REGIMENS; KENYA AB A randomized, open, controlled clinical trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy, tolerance, and safety of sodium stibogluconate plus allopurinol and sodium stibogluconate alone as treatment of patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. In phase 1 of the study, all 22 patients with severe disease had improvement of their lesions, but only two had clinical cure (both of these patients received sodium stibogluconate alone), In phase 2, which included 59 patients with moderate disease, the cure rate among sodium stibogluconate recipients was 75% (21 of 28) compared with 63.6% (14 of 22) among the sodium stibogluconate plus allopurinol recipients. The rates of clinical adverse events were similar among both groups. Thrombocytopenia was more frequent in the sodium stibogluconate plus allopurinol recipients, but the difference was not statistically significant, Eight patients (two sodium stibogluconate recipients and six sodium stibogluconate plus allopurinol recipients) withdrew from the study because of severe thrombocytopenia. In this study, the addition of allopurinol to sodium stibogluconate provided no clinical benefit as treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USN,MED RES INST DETACHMENT,LIMA,PERU. IMMUL PHARMACEUT CORP,WALTHAM,MA. WHO,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. RP LlanosCuentas, A (reprint author), UNIV PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA,INST MED TROP ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT,CAIXA POSTAL 3414,LIMA 100,PERU. NR 34 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 25 IS 3 BP 677 EP 684 DI 10.1086/513776 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XW375 UT WOS:A1997XW37500021 PM 9314461 ER PT J AU Zajtchuk, R Satava, RM AF Zajtchuk, R Satava, RM TI Medical applications of virtual reality SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Article C1 YALE UNIV, SCH MED, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520 USA. RP Zajtchuk, R (reprint author), USA, MED RES & MAT COMMAND, FT DETRICK, MD 21702 USA. NR 7 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD SEP PY 1997 VL 40 IS 9 BP 63 EP 64 DI 10.1145/260750.260768 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA XU393 UT WOS:A1997XU39300020 ER PT J AU Haines, VL Repka, MX Dibernardo, CW AF Haines, VL Repka, MX Dibernardo, CW TI Spontaneous carotid-cavernous sinus fistula in an aged rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) SO CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SHUNT SYNDROME; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS; PROGNOSIS AB A 35-year-old female rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) was examined because of edema and erythema of the right eyelid and injected scleral vessels, Clinical signs progressed to severe chemosis, engorged conjunctival vessels, and exophthalmos with decreased ocular motility and high intraocular pressure, Microbial culturing, examination of conjunctival scrapings, radiography, and analysis of blood samples yielded nondiagnostic results, and palliative treatment was unsuccessful, The discovery of a pronounced bruit near the right eyebrow led to the clinical diagnosis of carotid-cavernous sinus fistula, Confirmation of the diagnosis was made by using orbital ultrasonography, which revealed a dilated superior ophthalmic vein and large extraocular muscles, The research status of the macaque precluded the use of angiography for further diagnostic evaluation or treatment, The macaque was placed on a topically administered beta blocker and observed, The bruit and clinical signs resolved during the ensuing month, There was loss of vision and optic atrophy from glaucoma secondary to the fistula, We believe this was the first reported case of a spontaneous carotid-cavernous sinus fistula in a nonhuman primate. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,WILMER EYE INST,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP Haines, VL (reprint author), USA,INST SURG RES,MTR,OR,3400 RE CHAMBERS AVE,BLDG 3611,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 SN 1060-0558 J9 CONTEMP TOP LAB ANIM JI Contemp. Top. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 36 IS 5 BP 73 EP 76 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA XZ233 UT WOS:A1997XZ23300032 PM 16450972 ER PT J AU Shono, Y Terashita, M Pashley, EL Brewer, PD Pashley, DH AF Shono, Y Terashita, M Pashley, EL Brewer, PD Pashley, DH TI Effects of cross-sectional area on resin-enamel tensile bond strength SO DENTAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; HUMAN DENTIN; ADHESION AB Objective. It was hypothesized that there is an inverse relationship between resin-enamel bond strength and bonded cross-sectional area, and that there are regional differences in resin-enamel bond strength. Methods. The facial and lingual surfaces of extracted human third molars were ground down 0.3 mm using 240 grit abrasive paper and were then bonded with either Clearfil Liner Bond 2 or Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus adhesive systems using the manufacturer's instructions. The bonded surfaces then received a resin composite build-up. After 24 h of storage in water, the bonded teeth were vertically serially sectioned into 1.0 mm thick slabs using a diamond saw, and the bonded surface area at the resin-enamel interface was varied from 0.5 to 3.0 mm(2) using a diamond saw under microscopic observation. The trimmed region was varied from the occlusal third of the facial or lingual enamel to the middle third,to the cervical third. The trimmed specimens were then glued to a Bencor Multi-T device, placed in an Instron testing machine and stressed to failure at 1 mm/min. A three-factor ANOVA was used to compare bond strengths (buccal vs, lingual, occlusal vs. middle vs. cervical-third, vs. materials). Regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between bond strength and bonded cross-sectional area for each material on occlusal enamel. Results. For both bonding systems, there was a highly significant (p < 0.001) inverse exponential relationship between tensile bond strength (y axis) and bonded cross-sectional area (x axis) with y Intercepts of 51 and 59 MPa for Clearfil Liner Bond 2 and Multi-Purpose Plus, respectively. Using both materials, the highest bond strengths were measured in the occlusal third, which were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those made to cervical enamel. Significance. bike resin-dentin bonds, resin-enamel bonds exhibit an inverse relationship with cross-sectional area. This relationship becomes more apparent at bonded surface areas below 2 mm(2) and is probably due to reductions in the number of interfacial stress-raisers as samples are made smaller. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Kyushu Dent Coll, Dept Operat Dent, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 803, Japan. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Diag & Patient Serv, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Dwight David Eisenhower Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Pashley, DH (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Biol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE06427] NR 29 TC 59 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0109-5641 J9 DENT MATER JI Dent. Mater. PD SEP-NOV PY 1997 VL 13 IS 5-6 BP 290 EP 296 DI 10.1016/S0109-5641(97)80098-X PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science GA 127AJ UT WOS:000076327300001 PM 9823088 ER PT J AU Pastorok, RA MacDonald, A Sampson, JR Wilber, P Yozzo, DJ Titre, JP AF Pastorok, RA MacDonald, A Sampson, JR Wilber, P Yozzo, DJ Titre, JP TI An ecological decision framework for environmental restoration projects SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE habitat restoration; ecological planning; landscape design; adaptive management ID WETLAND AB Ecosystem restoration projects require planning and monitoring to maximize project success relative to costs, yet many projects completed thus far have been planned on an ad hoc, consensus basis and are virtually ignored after revegetation at the site is complete. We describe a formalized planning process geared specifically to the needs of ecological restoration projects (and ecosystem rehabilitation or management projects; National Research Council, 1992). This process emphasizes: 1) the importance of defining objectives related to the appropriate ecosystem structure, function, and spatial scale; 2) the role of ecological models, restoration hypotheses, and key ecological parameters; 3) explicit consideration of uncertainties in site processes and material performance in the restoration design; 4) guidelines for project design and feasibility analysis and the use of experimentation at this stage; and 5) monitoring and adaptive management of restoration projects after implementation of a design. This process was developed to integrate a fundamental understanding of ecological principles into the existing project planning framework used by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in their growing role in restoration of aquatic habitats, but it should be applied to terrestrial habitats as well. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 PTI,ENVIRONM SERV,BOULDER,CO 80301. NOAA,COASTAL SERV CTR,CCEH,CHARLESTON,SC 29405. USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,ENVIRONM LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Pastorok, RA (reprint author), PTI,ENVIRONM SERV,15375 SE 30TH PL,SUITE 250,BELLEVUE,WA 98007, USA. NR 40 TC 34 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 9 IS 1-2 BP 89 EP 107 DI 10.1016/S0925-8574(97)00036-0 PG 19 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA YA301 UT WOS:A1997YA30100006 ER PT J AU Marino, MA Brica, RM Neale, CN AF Marino, MA Brica, RM Neale, CN TI Heavy metal soil remediation: The effects of attrition scrubbing on a wet gravity concentration process SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS LA English DT Article AB The US military has historically conducted activities which have either directly or indirectly contributed to environmental contamination. Metal contaminated soil at military sites has resulted from operations such as weapons production, small arms training activities, metal cleaning, and metal plating activities. Soil washing is an effective approach to the treatment of contaminated soils employing both physical anti chemical separation techniques. Physical separation methods encompass many different unit operations including screening, grinding, flotation, hydroclassification, attrition scrubbing and gravity concentration such as tabling and spiraling. The primary focus of this paper will be to address the effects of attrition scrubbing (nn abrasive soil particle to soil particle interaction in a high solids environment) on a gravity concentration process. Soil from an Army small arms training range with lead contamination in the bulk soil at approximately 40,000 mg/kg, was evaluated using a WEMCO(R) Laboratory Attrition Scrubber in conjunction with a Wilfley(R) Laboratory Wet Shaking Table. Results indicate attrition scrubbing enhanced the physical separation process on the wet shaker table by liberating the Pb contamination from the bulk soil, which resulted in a large volume of clean soil while simultaneously producing a small volume of Pb concentrated soil. Laboratory tests indicate over 96% of the contamination could be concentrated on 20% of the original soil mass. C1 Metcalf & Eddy, Atlanta, GA 30357 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. RP Marino, MA (reprint author), Metcalf & Eddy, POB 78301, Atlanta, GA 30357 USA. NR 9 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0278-4491 J9 ENVIRON PROG JI Environ. Prog. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 16 IS 3 BP 208 EP 214 DI 10.1002/ep.3300160318 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA ZM961 UT WOS:000073593800021 ER PT J AU Twerdok, LE Burton, DT Gardner, HS Shedd, TR Wolfe, MJ AF Twerdok, LE Burton, DT Gardner, HS Shedd, TR Wolfe, MJ TI The use of nontraditional assays in an integrated environmental assessment of contaminated ground water SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Environmental-Toxicology-and-Chemistry CY OCT 30-NOV 03, 1994 CL DENVER, CO SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem DE integrated environmental assessment; hazard; field study; ground water ID RIVULUS-OCELLATUS-MARMORATUS; MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; ONCOGENE EXPRESSION; CELL-DEATH; NEOPLASIA; TESTS; LIVER; PROLIFERATION; HEPATOCYTES; APOPTOSIS AB The toxic potential of ground water contaminated with several probable carcinogenic heavy metals and halogenated solvents was evaluated using an integrated environmental assessment approach. A number of assays, which included acute toxicity, short-term chronic toxicity, genotoxicity, developmental toxicity and carcinogenicity, were used to assist in a hazard assessment. Comprehensive analytical chemistry was performed throughout the 9-month exposure to document the chemical characteristics of the ground water. hn initiation-promotion protocol using a non-neoplastic concentration of diethylnitrosamine as an initiator in a 9-month chronic exposure of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) was used to evaluate potential carcinogenicity of the ground water The fish were exposed to groundwater concentrations of 1%, and 10% ground water by volume. No significant lesions were found in the Japanese medaka exposed to groundwater concentrations at 1% or 10% ground water by volume, Likewise, no genotoxicity, developmental toxicity, acute toxicity or short term chronic toxicity, were found at concentrations of less than or equal to 10% ground water by volume. The negative results obtained in this study show that the potential hazard posed by low concentrations of a complex mixture containing suspect carcinogens may not be manifested at environmentally relevant concentrations. C1 GEOCENTERS INC, FT DETRICK, MD 21702 USA. UNIV MARYLAND, WYE RES & EDUC CTR, QUEENSTOWN, MD 21658 USA. USA, BIOMED RES & DEV LAB, FT DETRICK, MD 21702 USA. EXPT PATHOL LABS, HERNDON, VA USA. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1816 EP 1820 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1816:TUONAI>2.3.CO;2 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA XT305 UT WOS:A1997XT30500008 ER PT J AU Emery, VL Moore, DW Gray, BR Duke, BM Gibson, AB Wright, RB Farrar, JD AF Emery, VL Moore, DW Gray, BR Duke, BM Gibson, AB Wright, RB Farrar, JD TI Development of a chronic sublethal sediment bioassay using the estuarine amphipod, Leptocheirus plumulosus (Shoemaker) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE growth; reproduction; toxicity; nontreatment factors ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; TOXICITY AB Based an the need for a test to evaluate chronic sublethal toxicity in estuarine sediments, a 28-d sediment bioassay with the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus (Shoemaker) was developed. The test was initiated with animals less than 2 weeks old (i.e., 425-600 mu m sieved size class). Test endpoints included survival, growth (mu g dry weight/d), and reproduction (number of neonates/surviving female). Factors with the potential to influence test animal performance (i.e., nontreatment factors) such as artificial sea salts, salinity, food ration, size at test initiation, intraspecific density, sediment grain size, and diet were evaluated. For example, intraspecific densities between 10 and 60 animals/beaker (i.e., 0.18-1.4 animals/cm(2)) did not affect survival, growth, or reproduction. Similarly, L. plumulosus were tolerant of a wide range of sediment grain sizes with only extremely fine grained (e.g., >75% clay) or coarse grained (e.g., >75% sand) material significantly affecting survival, growth, and reproduction. Test performance criteria included control survival (>80%) and reproduction (production of offspring in all control replicates), and response to a reference toxicant test with cadmium chloride in a control chart format. C1 ASCI CORP,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Emery, VL (reprint author), USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. OI Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550 NR 20 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 6 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1912 EP 1920 DI 10.1897/1551-5028(1997)016<1912:DOACSS>2.3.CO;2 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA XT305 UT WOS:A1997XT30500021 ER PT J AU Heidenreich, A Mostofi, KF Sesterhenn, IA Moul, JW Engelmann, UH AF Heidenreich, A Mostofi, KF Sesterhenn, IA Moul, JW Engelmann, UH TI Prognostic risk factors in low stage testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLOGNE,DEPT UROL,COLOGNE,GERMANY. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT UROL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0959-8049 J9 EUR J CANCER JI Eur. J. Cancer PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 SU 8 BP 160 EP 160 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA XX830 UT WOS:A1997XX83000160 ER PT J AU Burris, H Castro, D Glaholm, J AF Burris, H Castro, D Glaholm, J TI Palliative treatment of accessible solid tumors with intratumoral cisplatin/epinephrine injectable gel SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. QUEEN ELIZABETH HOSP,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TH,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0959-8049 J9 EUR J CANCER JI Eur. J. Cancer PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 SU 8 BP 236 EP 236 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA XX830 UT WOS:A1997XX83000235 ER PT J AU Pukrittayakamee, S Looareesuwan, S Keeratithakul, D Davis, TME TejaIsavadharm, P Nagachinta, B Weber, A Smith, AL Kyle, D White, NJ AF Pukrittayakamee, S Looareesuwan, S Keeratithakul, D Davis, TME TejaIsavadharm, P Nagachinta, B Weber, A Smith, AL Kyle, D White, NJ TI A study of the factors affecting the metabolic clearance of quinine in malaria SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE malaria; quinine; antipyrine; indocyanine-green; metabolic clearance ID SEVERE FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; HEPATIC BLOOD-FLOW; PLASMODIUM-BERGHEI; ANTIPYRINE; INFECTION; QUINIDINE; PHARMACOKINETICS; QUANTITATION; BINDING; MICE AB Objective: To assess the factors that contribute to impaired quinine clearance in acute falciparum malaria. Patients: Sixteen adult Thai patients with severe or moderately severe falciparum malaria were studied, and 12 were re-studied during convalescence. Methods: The clearance of quinine, dihydroquinine (an impurity comprising up to 10% of commercial quinine formulations), antipyrine (a measure of hepatic mixed-function oxidase activity), indocyanine green (ICG) (a measure of liver blood flow), and iothalamate (a measure of glomerular filtration rate) were measured simultaneously, and the relationship of these values to the biotransformation of quinine to the active metabolite 3-hydroxyquinine was assessed. Results: During acute malaria infection, the systemic clearance of quinine, antipyrine and ICG and the biotransformation of quinine to 3-hydroxyquinine were all reduced significantly when compared with values during convalescence. Iothalamate clearance was not affected significantly and did not correlate with the clearance of any of the other compounds. The clearance of total and free quinine correlated significantly with antipyrine clearance (r(s) = 0.70, P = 0.005 and r(s) = 0.67, P = 0.013, respectively), but not with ICG clearance (r(s) = 0.39 and 0.43 respectively, P > 0.15). In a multiple regression model, antipyrine clearance and plasma protein binding accounted for 71% of the variance in total quinine clearance in acute malaria. The pharmacokinetic properties of dihydroquinine were generally similar to those of quinine, although dihydroquinine clearance was less affected by acute malaria. The mean ratio of quinine to 3-hydroxyquinine area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUG) values in acute malaria was 12.03 compared with 6.92 during convalescence P= 0.01. The mean plasma protein binding of 3-hydroxyquinine was 46%, which was significantly lower than that of quinine (90.5%) or dihydroquinine (90.5%). Conclusion: The reduction in quinine clearance in acute malaria results predominantly from a disease-induced dysfunction in hepatic mixed-function oxidase activity (principally CYP 3A) which impairs the conversion of quinine to its major metabolite, 3-hydroxyquinine. The metabolite contributes approximately 5% of the antimalarial activity of the parent compound in malaria, but up to 10% during convalescence. C1 MAHIDOL UNIV,FAC TROP MED,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. PAHOLPOLPAYUHASENA HOSP,KANCHANABURI,THAILAND. USA,MED COMPONENT,DEPT IMMUNOL,ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,BANGKOK,THAILAND. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PEDIAT & MICROBIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV OXFORD,NUFFIELD DEPT CLIN MED,CTR TROP MED,OXFORD OX1 2JD,ENGLAND. RI White, Nicholas/I-4629-2012; Davis, Timothy/M-5144-2014 FU Wellcome Trust NR 33 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0031-6970 J9 EUR J CLIN PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 52 IS 6 BP 487 EP 493 DI 10.1007/s002280050323 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA XX007 UT WOS:A1997XX00700010 PM 9342585 ER PT J AU Parker, LV Ranney, TA AF Parker, LV Ranney, TA TI Sampling trace-level organic solutes with polymeric tubing .1. Static studies. SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article ID GROUND-WATER SAMPLES; PTFE; PVC AB Twenty polymeric tubings were filled with a test solution containing eight organic solutes. The test solutions were monitored for losses, indicating that sorption had occurred, and for signs that leaching of organic constituents had occurred. The tubings tested included seven flexible products and eight fluoropolymers. Among the rigid tubings tested, three fluoropolymers (fluorinated ethylene propylene [FEP], FEP-lined polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride) were the least sorptive tubings. However, even these tubings readily sorbed some of the analytes. Among the flexible tubings tested. a fluoroelastomer tubing and a tubing made of a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene were the least sorptive. Several of the tubings tested leached constituents into the test solution. The polyurethane, polyamide, flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester-lined PVC, and silicone-modified thermoplastic elastomer tubings were found to leach the most constituents. We were unable to detect any constituents leaching from the polyethylene tubings, the rigid fluoropolymer tubings, and one of the plasticized polypropylene tubings. RP Parker, LV (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU GROUND WATER PUBLISHING CO PI WESTERVILLE PA 601 DEMPSEY RD, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 17 IS 4 BP 115 EP 124 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.1997.tb01271.x PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA YG709 UT WOS:A1997YG70900014 ER PT J AU Sharp, MA Rice, VJ Nindl, BC Williamson, TL AF Sharp, MA Rice, VJ Nindl, BC Williamson, TL TI Effects of team size on the maximum weight bar lifting strength of military personnel SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB Teamwork is an essential element in the majority of critical Army lifting tasks. Therefore, an understanding of the relationship between individual and team lifting capacity is of: great tactical importance. Twenty-three male and 17 female U.S. Army soldiers were randomly assigned to single-and mixed-gender teams of two, three, and four persons. Individual lifting strength was the one-repetition-maximum (1RM) load lifted from floor to knuckle height using a weight bar. A square-shaped bar was used for two-and four-person lifting, and a triangular-shaped bar was used for three-person lifting. Team lifting strength as a percentage of the sum of individual lifting strength (%sum) did not change with team size. The %sum for teams of men (87.3%) was less than for teams of women (91.1%, p < 0.05). The %sums for both single-gender teams (all men and all women) were greater (p < 0.01) than for mixed-gender teams (80.2%). The number of people lifting a large object was increased to four with no decrease in the effectiveness of the individual lifter beyond that found for two persons. The 1RM loads presented in this paper were Lifted under ideal conditions by young soldiers and do not represent norms for an industrial population. RP Sharp, MA (reprint author), USA, ENVIRONM MED RES INST, MCMR, UE, MPD, NATICK, MA 01760 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SEP PY 1997 VL 39 IS 3 BP 481 EP 488 DI 10.1518/001872097778827106 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA YH064 UT WOS:A1997YH06400015 PM 9394640 ER PT J AU Leupold, HA Tilak, AS Potenziani, E AF Leupold, HA Tilak, AS Potenziani, E TI Toroidal electron beam radiation sources SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 97) CY APR 01-04, 1997 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP IEEE ID MAGNET STRUCTURES AB Permanent magnet structures based on magic spheres and magic toroids afford the possibility of synchrotron and wiggler radiation sources in which the electrons describe circular mean paths rather than the usual rectilinear ones. We analyze toroidal structures with uniform fields in their interior cavities which cause injected electrons to follow circular paths thereby emitting synchrotron radiation. If azimuthally periodic iron '' teeth '' are spaced about the principal circumference, the resulting periodic field causes the electrons to oscillate radially at right angles to their orbit, giving rise to wiggler radiation. Computer calculations for sample structures show that for a toroid of principal radius 12 cm, outer sectional radius of 4 cm and inner sectional radius 1 cm, beam slot width of 3 mm and azimuthal period of pi/4, the resulting mean field is 2.35 T, the peak to Peak field amplitude 1.1 T, the electron beam energy 8.6 x 10(7) eV and the angular frequency of emitted radiation 9.4 x 10(16) Hz. Synchrotron radiation of one-eighth the frequency of the wiggler frequency is always emitted and superimposed on the wiggler radiation in the periodic structure. RP Leupold, HA (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,SENSORS & ELECT DEVICES DIRECTORATE,FT MONMOUTH,NJ 07703, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 33 IS 5 BP 3418 EP 3420 DI 10.1109/20.617963 PN 1 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA XW564 UT WOS:A1997XW56400264 ER PT J AU Ratches, JA Walters, CP Buser, RG Guenther, BD AF Ratches, JA Walters, CP Buser, RG Guenther, BD TI Aided and automatic target recognition based upon sensory inputs from image forming systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE Automatic Target Recognition; ATR; imaging sensors; image processing; aided target acquisition; multisensors sensor fusion; ATR algorithms; performance metrics; databases ID OBJECT RECOGNITION; RANGE IMAGES; FLIR SCENES; PERFORMANCE; MODEL; CLUTTER; VISION AB This paper systematically reviews 10 years of research that several Army Laboratories conducted in object recognition algorithms, processors, and evaluation techniques. In the military, object recognition is applied to the discrimination of military targets, ranging from human-aided to autonomous operations, and is called Automatic Target Recognition (ATR). The research described here has been concentrated in human-aided target recognition applications, but some attention has been paid to automatic processes. Definitions and performance metrics that have been developed are described along with performance data showing the present state-of-the-art. The effects of signal-to-noise and clutter parameters are indicated in the data. Multisensor fusion and model-based algorithms are discussed as the latest techniques under consideration by the military research community. The results demonstrate that useful performance can be achieved, and tools are evolving to understand and improve the performance under real-world conditions. The referenced research strongly indicates the need for the development of image science, as described in the paper, to support the theoretical underpinnings of ATR. C1 USA, RES OFF, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. RP USA, COMMUN ELECT COMMAND, CTR RES DEV & ENGN, NIGHT VIS & ELECT SENSORS DIRECTORATE, FT BELVOIR, VA 22060 USA. NR 52 TC 71 Z9 77 U1 2 U2 5 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0162-8828 EI 1939-3539 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1004 EP 1019 DI 10.1109/34.615449 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA XX985 UT WOS:A1997XX98500006 ER PT J AU Katz, RN AF Katz, RN TI Applications of silicon nitride based ceramics SO INDUSTRIAL CERAMICS LA English DT Article AB Silicon nitride based ceramics have unique combinations of mechanical, thermal, physical, and wear properties. Many opportunities exist to exploit the superior properties of this family of materials for room and moderate temperature (less than 1000 degrees C) applications. This paper will review the current, and likely near term, commercial applications of silicon nitrides. These include: reciprocating engine parts, bearings, cutting tools, and metal forming components. Future trends and directions in silicon nitride based materials with be discussed. C1 USA, Res Lab, Mat Directorate, Watertown, MA USA. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU TECHNA SRL PI FAENZA PA PO BOX 174, 48018 FAENZA, ITALY SN 1121-7588 J9 IND CERAM JI Ind. Ceram. PD SEP-DEC PY 1997 VL 17 IS 3 BP 158 EP 164 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA YY698 UT WOS:000072174700007 ER PT J AU Lee, BJ AF Lee, BJ TI Clinical experience with guanfacine in 2- and 3-year-old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder SO INFANT MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; CLONIDINE AB Pediatric pharmacotherapy for 2-and 3-year-olds is not a well-explored area. Psychotropic agents, especially those not approved by the FDA for use in this age group, should only be prescribed after a thorough psychiatric evaluation and careful consideration of other treatment alternatives, This paper describes clinical experiences with guanfacine in four 2-and 3-year-old children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. All four children responded to small doses of guanfacine with improvement in behavior and decreased aggressiveness and destructiveness. When used in small doses, with careful monitoring, guanfacine can be an extremely valuable adjunct to the treatment of infants with aggressive and disruptive behavior. RP Lee, BJ (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIAT SERV,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MICHIGAN ASSN INFANT MENTAL HEALTH PI E LANSING PA MICHIGAN STATE UNIV DEPT PSYCHOLOGY, E LANSING, MI 48824-1117 SN 0163-9641 J9 INF MENTAL HLTH J JI Infant Ment. Health J. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 18 IS 3 BP 300 EP 305 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0355(199723)18:3<300::AID-IMHJ6>3.0.CO;2-Q PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA XT862 UT WOS:A1997XT86200006 ER PT J AU Daugherty, JR Murphy, CI DorosRichert, LA Barbosa, A Kashala, LO Ballou, WR Snellings, NJ Ockenhouse, CF Lanar, DE AF Daugherty, JR Murphy, CI DorosRichert, LA Barbosa, A Kashala, LO Ballou, WR Snellings, NJ Ockenhouse, CF Lanar, DE TI Baculovirus-mediated expression of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte binding antigen 175 polypeptides and their recognition by human antibodies SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT SERA PROTEINS; GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MALARIA PARASITES; TERMINAL FRAGMENT; DNA-POLYMERASE; INSECT CELLS; HIV-1 GP120; INVASION AB The erythrocyte binding antigen EBA-175 is a 175-kDa Plasmodiem falciparum protein,which mediates merozoite invasion of erythrocytes in a sialic acid-dependent manner. The purpose of this study was to produce recombinant EBA-175 polypeptide domains which have previously been identified as being involved in the interaction of EBA-175 with erythrocytes and to determine whether these polypeptides are recognized by malaria-specific antibodies. The eba-175 gene was cloned by PCR from genomic DNA isolated from the 3D7 strain of P. falciparum. The predicted protein sequence was highly conserved with that predicted from the published eba-175 gene sequences from the Camp and FCR-3 strains of P, falciparum and contained the F segment divergent region. Purified recombinant EBA-175 polypeptide fragments, expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins in insect cells by using the baculovirus system, were recognized by antibodies present in serum from a drug-cured, malaria-immune Aotus nancymai monkey. The fusion proteins were also recognized by antibodies present in sera from individuals residing in areas where malaria is endemic. In both cases the antibodies specifically recognized the EBA-175 polypeptide portion of the fusion proteins. Antibodies raised in rabbits immunized with the recombinant fusion proteins recognized parasite proteins present in schizont-infected erythrocytes. Our results suggest that these regions of the EBA-175 protein are targets for the immune response against malaria and support their further study as possible vaccine components. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. AQUILA BIOPHARMACEUT INC,WORCESTER,MA 01605. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; OI Barbosa, Arnoldo/0000-0001-8652-7396 NR 44 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 65 IS 9 BP 3631 EP 3637 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XT420 UT WOS:A1997XT42000018 PM 9284129 ER PT J AU Amersdorfer, P Wong, C Chen, S Smith, T Deshpande, S Sheridan, R Finnern, R Marks, JD AF Amersdorfer, P Wong, C Chen, S Smith, T Deshpande, S Sheridan, R Finnern, R Marks, JD TI Molecular characterization of murine humoral immune response to botulinum neurotoxin type A binding domain as assessed by using phage antibody libraries SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CHAIN FV; FILAMENTOUS PHAGE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DISPLAY LIBRARIES; HEAVY-CHAIN; EXPRESSION; ANTITOXIN; FRAGMENT; AFFINITY; PROTEINS AB To produce antibodies capable of neutralizing botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A), the murine humoral immune response to BoNT/A binding domain (H-C) was characterized at the molecular level by using phage antibody libraries, Mice were immunized with BoNT/A H-C, the spleens were harvested, and single-chain Fv (scFv) phage antibody libraries were constructed from the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain variable region genes, Phage expressing BoNT/A binding scFv were isolated by selection on immobilized BoNT/A and BoNT/A H-C. Twenty-eight unique BoNT/A H-C binding scFv were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and DNA sequencing. Epitope mapping using surface plasmon resonance in a BIAcore revealed that the 28 scFv bound to only 4 nonoverlapping epitopes with equilibrium constants (K-d) ranging from 7.3 x 10(-8) to 1.1 x 10(-9) M. In a mouse hemidiaphragm assay, scFv binding epitopes 1 and 2 significantly prolonged the time to neuroparalysis, 1.5-and 2.7-fold, respectively, compared to toxin control, scFv binding to epitopes 3 and 4 showed no protection against neuroparalysis. A combination of scFv binding epitopes 1 and 2 had an additive effect on time to neuroparalysis, which increased to 3.9-fold compared to the control, The results suggest that there are two ''productive'' receptor binding sites on H, which lead to toxin internalization and toxicity, Blockade of these two epitopes with monoclonal antibodies may provide effective immunoprophylaxis or therapy against BoNT/A intoxication. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO GEN HOSP,DEPT ANESTHESIA & PHARMACEUT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94110. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV TOXICOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702. USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH,DIV PATHOPHYSIOL,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. NR 52 TC 84 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 65 IS 9 BP 3743 EP 3752 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XT420 UT WOS:A1997XT42000036 PM 9284147 ER PT J AU Tacket, CO Kelly, SM Schodel, F Losonsky, G Nataro, JP Edelman, R Levine, MM Curtiss, R AF Tacket, CO Kelly, SM Schodel, F Losonsky, G Nataro, JP Edelman, R Levine, MM Curtiss, R TI Safety and immunogenicity in humans of an attenuated Salmonella typhi vaccine vector strain expressing plasmid-encoded hepatitis B antigens stabilized by the asd-balanced lethal vector system (vol 65, pg 3383, 1997) SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT BIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BACTERIAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Tacket, CO (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT MED,CTR VACCINE DEV,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 65 IS 9 BP 3981 EP 3981 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA XT420 UT WOS:A1997XT42000074 ER PT J AU Gibson, PW Charmchi, M AF Gibson, PW Charmchi, M TI Modeling convection/diffusion processes in porous textiles with inclusion of humidity-dependent air permeability SO INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID HEAT-TRANSFER; MEDIA; FLOW AB A set of partial differential equations describing time-dependent heat and mass transfer through porous hygroscopic materials was developed. Water in a hygroscopic porous solid may exist in vapor or liquid form in the pore spaces or in bound form when it has been absorbed by the solid, which is typically some kind of hydrophilic polymer. Factors such as the swelling of the solid due to water imbibition, and the heat of sorption evolved when the water is absorbed by the polymeric matrix, were incorporated into the appropriate conservation and transport equations. A numerical code to solve the set of nonlinear coupled equations was developed, and applied to an experimental apparatus designed to simulate transient and steady-state convection/diffusion conditions for textile materials. Experimental measurements of air permeability and diffusion properties as a function of relative humidity provided fundamental data on the changes in transport properties as hygroscopic textiles fibers swell and decrease the free gas phase volume within the porous structure. When these relations were incorporated into the numerical model, it was possible to directly compare the predictions of the numerical code with results generated in the experimental apparatus. Results are shown for hygroscopic porous textiles under several conditions. Under pure diffusion, with no convective flows across the sample, the temperature changes of hygroscopic textiles subjected to step changes in environmental relative humidity are shown to agree with the numerical predictions. These temperature changes are due to sorption of water vapor from the flows on the two sides of the material, and relate to textile fiber equilibrium sorption isotherms and sorption kinetics, as well as the physical structure and thermal properties of the textile. Under conditions of both a concentration gradient and a pressure gradient across the fabric, which results in combined diffusion and convection, it is shown that the effect of fiber swelling, which results in significant changes in the resistance to convective flow, also has an effect on the resulting total mass flux across the textile layer. C1 UNIV LOWELL, DEPT MECH ENGN, LOWELL, MA 01854 USA. RP Gibson, PW (reprint author), USA, NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR, NATICK, MA 01760 USA. RI Gibson, Phillip/D-2398-2010 OI Gibson, Phillip/0000-0002-6172-4438 NR 11 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0735-1933 J9 INT COMMUN HEAT MASS JI Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 24 IS 5 BP 709 EP 724 DI 10.1016/S0735-1933(97)00056-0 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA XF308 UT WOS:A1997XF30800011 ER PT J AU Gran, JK Frew, DJ AF Gran, JK Frew, DJ TI In-target radial stress measurements from penetration experiments into concrete by ogive-nose steel projectiles SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE penetration; concrete; stress AB We conducted three penetration experiments of a hardened 4340 steel projectile with a length-to-diameter ratio of 7 into concrete targets having an unconfined compressive strength of 43 MPa. The targets were each cast with six flatpack stress gages oriented to measure radial stress and positioned at various depths and radii from the penetration path. The experiments provide researchers with quality data that can be used to validate first-principle codes and to better understand the penetration mechanics in brittle, porous materials. Additional tests are recommended at other striking velocities and gage locations to further quantify stress within concrete targets. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Gran, JK (reprint author), SRI INT,333 RAVENSWOOD AVE,MENLO PK,CA 94025, USA. NR 5 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 19 IS 8 BP 715 EP 726 DI 10.1016/S0734-743X(97)00008-0 PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA YJ572 UT WOS:A1997YJ57200005 ER PT J AU Clayton, GH Driscoll, CF Hondrum, SO AF Clayton, GH Driscoll, CF Hondrum, SO TI The effect of luting agents on the retention and marginal adaptation of the CeraOne implant system SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article DE CeraOne; luting agents; marginal opening; retention ID FULL COVERAGE CASTINGS; TENSILE BOND STRENGTH; ZINC PHOSPHATE CEMENT; SINGLE; RELIEF; CROWNS AB In this study, various luting agents were evaluated to determine their retentive strengths as they pertain to the CeraOne single-tooth implant system. Ten samples of five different luting agents (zinc oxide-eugenol, glass-ionomer cement, hybrid glass-ionomer cement, composite resin, and zinc phosphate) were tested for retentive strength of the CeraOne gold cylinder to the CeraOne abutment. Under the conditions of the experiment, zinc phosphate showed a mean retentive strength 164% greater than that of glass-ionomer cement and 49% greater than that of composite resin cement. Scanning electron micrographs were taken to evaluate the effect of various luting agents on marginal opening. The measurements revealed that zinc phosphate had the greatest marginal opening, although its mean value of 62 mu m is within clinically acceptable limits. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,ADV EDUC PROGRAM PROSTHODONT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 29 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU QUINTESSENCE PUBL CO INC PI CAROL STREAM PA 551 KIMBERLY DR, CAROL STREAM, IL 60188-1881 SN 0882-2786 J9 INT J ORAL MAX IMPL JI Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 12 IS 5 BP 660 EP 665 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA YA923 UT WOS:A1997YA92300012 PM 9337028 ER PT J AU Strawn, RC Oliker, L Biswas, R AF Strawn, RC Oliker, L Biswas, R TI New computational methods for the prediction and analysis of helicopter noise SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA/CEAS 2nd Joint Aeroacoustics Conference CY MAY 06-08, 1996 CL STATE COLL, PA SP AIAA, CEAS ID SPEED IMPULSIVE NOISE; ROTOR; VORTEX; ACOUSTICS; HOVER AB This paper describes a new methodology to predict and analyze rotorcraft noise, This methodology includes 1) a combined computational fluid dynamics and Kirchhoff scheme for far-field noise predictions, 2) parallel computer implementation of the Kirchhoff integrations, 3) audio and visual rendering of the computed acoustic predictions over large far-field regions, and 4) acoustic tracebacks to the Kirchhoff surface to pinpoint the sources of the rotor noise. This paper describes each method and presents sample results for three test cases, The first case consists of in-plane high-speed impulsive noise, and the other two cases show idealized parallel and oblique blade-vortex interactions, The computed results show good agreement with available experimental data, but convey much more information about the far-field noise propagation, When taken together, these analysis techniques exploit the power of new computer technologies and offer the potential to significantly improve our prediction and understanding of rotorcraft noise. RP Strawn, RC (reprint author), NASA,AMES RES CTR,USA,AEROFLIGHTDYNAM DIRECTORATE,M-S 258-1,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035, USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 34 IS 5 BP 665 EP 672 DI 10.2514/2.2227 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA YA419 UT WOS:A1997YA41900014 ER PT J AU Grant, CL Jenkins, TF Mudambi, AR AF Grant, CL Jenkins, TF Mudambi, AR TI Comparison of environmental chemical results for split samples analyzed in different laboratories SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SOILS AB Data comparisons were made for split or co-located samples analyzed in contract laboratories and quality assurance (QA) laboratories during environmental studies directed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Archived results were analyzed statistically as concentration ratios (contract laboratory/QA laboratory), Concentration ratios were found to be lognormally distributed, and this was the model used for comparisons, For metals in soils and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in groundwater, 10.2% of metal ratios in soils and 5.6% of VOC ratios in groundwater exceeded limits of 0.40-2.50, Considering that both methods are multianalyte, we find that only 4.0% of the metal samples and 2.0% of the VOC samples had more than one outlier ratio per sample, More recent data produced very similar results. For VOCs, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), and explosives in soils, limits of 0.25-4.00 are suggested with the understanding that large improvements are badly needed, Even with these wide limits, approximately 42% of VOCs, 14% of TPHs, and 11% of explosives contract laboratory/QA laboratory ratios were outside these limits. Here, too, the most recent data yielded very comparable results. Sampling and preparation procedures for VOCs in soils requires immediate attention, but all methods can and should be capable of producing improved agreement between laboratories. C1 USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,HANOVER,NH 03755. USA,CORPS ENGINEERS,HTRW CTR EXPERTISE,OMAHA,NE 68144. RP Grant, CL (reprint author), UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DEPT CHEM,DURHAM,NH 03824, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1129 EP 1138 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA XY208 UT WOS:A1997XY20800032 PM 9325586 ER PT J AU Kisin, MV Gorfinkel, VB Stroscio, MA Belenky, G Luryi, S AF Kisin, MV Gorfinkel, VB Stroscio, MA Belenky, G Luryi, S TI Influence of complex phonon spectra on intersubband optical gain SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELLS; WAVE-FUNCTION; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; KANE MODEL; LASER; HETEROSTRUCTURES; TRANSITIONS; RELAXATION; SCATTERING; SINGLE AB Electron-phonon scattering rates and intersubband optical gain spectra were calculated, including the optical phonon confinement effect in AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well heterostructures. Comparison of the calculated gain spectra with those calculated using the bulk phonon approximation shows that details of the phonon spectrum have a strong influence on the intersubband optical gain. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT ELECT ENGN,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. RP Kisin, MV (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT ELECT ENGN,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 5 BP 2031 EP 2038 DI 10.1063/1.366013 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XT821 UT WOS:A1997XT82100008 ER PT J AU Wortman, DE Morrison, CA Bradshaw, JL AF Wortman, DE Morrison, CA Bradshaw, JL TI Optical spectra and analysis of Er3+ in silicon with C, O, and N impurities SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DOPED SILICON; LUMINESCENCE; SI AB Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of Er3+ in an Er-doped silicon film were recorded at 2 and 77 K over the wavelength range from 1.52 to 1.68 mu m, which includes optical transitions between the Er3+ 4I13/2 and I-4(15/2) manifolds. These spectra were then analyzed to determine the nature of the electrostatic field at the site of the Er ion that governs the ion's optical behavior. The PL spectra were analyzed three different ways: by-considering the Er3+ ions to be occupying sites of T-d, C-3, or D-2d point group symmetry. Transition energies and magnetic dipole transition probabilities were calculated for each case by diagonalizing a Hamiltonian representing the free-ion and crystal-field interactions in a Russell-Saunders basis of states spanning the lowest 15 J multiplets of the (4)f(11) electronic configuration of Er3+. Crystal-field parameters were varied in each case to find the best agreement with the experiment. Our results showed that the site symmetry of the Er3+ ions most consistent with the data is D-2d. For this case, the rms deviation between the experimental and calculated energy levels is 3.3 cm(-1) with the calculated magnetic dipole transition probabilities in qualitative agreement with the experiment. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics. RP Wortman, DE (reprint author), USA,RES LAB,2800 POWDER MILL RD,ADELPHI,MD 20783, USA. RI Bradshaw, John/E-8330-2011 NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 82 IS 5 BP 2580 EP 2583 DI 10.1063/1.366069 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA XT821 UT WOS:A1997XT82100078 ER PT J AU Latzka, WA Sawka, MN Montain, SJ Skrinar, GS Fielding, RA Matott, RP Pandolf, KB AF Latzka, WA Sawka, MN Montain, SJ Skrinar, GS Fielding, RA Matott, RP Pandolf, KB TI Hyperhydration: thermoregulatory effects during compensable exercise heat stress SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE core temperature; fluid replacement; glycerol; hydration; sweating; temperature regulation ID PLASMA-VOLUME EXPANSION; TEMPERATURE REGULATION; BLOOD-VOLUME; GLYCEROL; HYPOHYDRATION; RESPONSES; MEN AB This study examined the effects of hyperhydration on thermoregulatory responses during compensable exercise-heat stress. The general approach was to determine whether 1-h preexercise hyperhydration [29.1 ml/kg lean body mass; with or without glycerol (1.2 g/kg lean body mass)] would improve sweating responses and reduce core temperature during exercise. During these experiments, the evaporative heat loss required (E-req = 293 W/m(2)) to maintain steady-state core temperature was less than the maximal capacity (E-max = 462 W/m(2)) of the climate for evaporative heat lass (E-req/E-max = 63%). Eight heat-acclimated men completed five trials: euhydration, glycerol hyperhydration, and water hyperhydration both with and without rehydration (replace sweat loss during exercise). During exercise in the heat (35 degrees C, 45% relative humidity), there was no difference between hyperhydration methods for increasing total body water (similar to 1.5 liters). Compared with euhydration, hyperhydration did not alter core temperature, skin temperature, whole body sweating rate, local sweating rate, sweating threshold temperature, sweating sensitivity, or heart rate responses. Similarly no difference was found between water and glycerol hyperhydration for these physiological responses. These data demonstrate that hyperhydration provides no thermoregulatory advantage over the maintenance of euhydration during compensable exercise-heat stress. C1 BOSTON UNIV,SARGENT COLL ALLIED HLTH PROFESS,BOSTON,MA 02215. RP Latzka, WA (reprint author), USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,THERMAL & MT MED DIV,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. NR 29 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 83 IS 3 BP 860 EP 866 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA XU622 UT WOS:A1997XU62200027 PM 9292474 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, RR McLellan, TM Withey, WR Chang, SK Pandolf, KB AF Gonzalez, RR McLellan, TM Withey, WR Chang, SK Pandolf, KB TI Heat strain models applicable for protective clothing systems: comparison of core temperature response SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heat acclimation; exercise; clothing heat exchange; core temperature; thermal models ID ACCLIMATION AB Core temperature (T-c) output comparisons were analyzed from thermal models applicable to persons wearing protective clothing. The two models evaluated were the United States (US) Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) heat strain experimental model and the United Kingdom (UK) Loughborough (LUT25) model. Data were derived from collaborative heat-acclimation studies conducted by three organizations and included an intermittent-work protocol(Canada) and a continuous-exercise/heat stress protocol (UK and US). Volunteers from the US and the UK were exposed to a standard exercise/heat stress protocol (ambient temperature 35 degrees C/50% relative humidity, wind speed 1 m/s, level treadmill speed 1.34 m/s). Canadian Forces volunteers did an intermittent-work protocol (15 min moderate work/15 min rest at ambient temperature of 40 degrees C/30% relative humidity, wind speed approximate to 0.4 m/s). Each model reliably predicted T-c responses (within the margin of error determined by 1 root mean square deviation) during work in the heat with protective clothing. Models that are analytically similar to the classic Stolwijk-Hardy model serve as robust operational tools for prediction of physiological heat strain when modified to incorporate clothing heat-exchange factors. C1 DEF & CIVIL INST ENVIRONM MED,N YORK,ON M3M 3B9,CANADA. DEF RES AGCY,CTR HUMAN SCI,FARNBOROUGH GU14 6TD,HANTS,ENGLAND. RP Gonzalez, RR (reprint author), USA,ENVIRONM MED RES INST,BIOPHYS & BIOMED MODELING DIV,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. NR 30 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 83 IS 3 BP 1017 EP 1032 PG 16 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA XU622 UT WOS:A1997XU62200043 PM 9292490 ER PT J AU Teska, JD Twerdok, LE Beaman, J Curry, M Finch, RA AF Teska, JD Twerdok, LE Beaman, J Curry, M Finch, RA TI Isolation of Mycobacterium abscessus from Japanese medaka SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CHELONAE AB Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes were cultured at the U.S. Army Biomedical Research and Development Laboratory for use as aquatic toxicity test animals. During routine histological examination, granulomatous lesions were detected, and a low prevalence of Mycobacterium sp. was suspected in the culture system. Fish maintained under experimental and breeding conditions were cultured for acid-fast bacteria. Modified Middlebrook 7H10 medium with albumin, dextrose, and catalase (ADC) enrichment was used to recover mycobacteria from whole-fish homogenates via three isolation procedures. Highest isolation rates were obtained by submerging whole fish in individual bags of modified broth at a 1:10 (weight:volume) dilution for 1 h, then homogenizing the whole fish and plating diluted samples on solid medium using a plate count method. Medaka, ranging in age from 2 to 27 months, were positive for Mycobacterium abscessus with prevalences of 25%-100%. Mean bacterial counts for all groups examined ranged from 6.7 x 10(2) to 4.5 x 10(8) colony-forming units per gram of fish. Throughout the study, fish remained apparently healthy, exhibited no clinical signs of piscine mycobacteriosis, and suffered no significant mortality. C1 NATL FISH HLTH RES LAB,LEETOWN SCI CTR,KEARNEYSVILLE,WV 25430. GEOCENTERS INC,FREDERICK,MD 21702. USA,BIOMED RES & DEV LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 SN 0899-7659 J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health PD SEP PY 1997 VL 9 IS 3 BP 234 EP 238 DI 10.1577/1548-8667(1997)009<0234:IOMAFJ>2.3.CO;2 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA YD449 UT WOS:A1997YD44900011 ER PT J AU Deschamps, JR George, C FlippenAnderson, JL Musallam, HA AF Deschamps, JR George, C FlippenAnderson, JL Musallam, HA TI Imidazolium chloride organophosphate antidotes SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE anticholinesterase antidote; organophosphate antidote; salts of 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]imidazole ID ANTICHOLINESTERASE INTOXICATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; QUATERNARY-SALTS; 2-<(HYDROXYIMINO)METHYL>IMIDAZOLE; ACETYLCHOLINE; SOMAN AB The structures of four imidazolium oxime derivatives were solved by direct methods. These compounds have been shown to be effective in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning. Despite substantial differences in the nature of the substituent on N1, all four compounds have similar shapes when viewed down the plane of the imidazole ring. The potency of these compounds in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning correlates well with the distance between the imidazole ring and the oxygen moiety on the side chain. 2-(hydroxyimino)methy-3- methyl-1-[1-(3-methyl-sulfonylpropyloxy)methyl]imidazolium chloride (1) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P (1) over bar (Z = 2). The unit cell parameters a, b, c (Angstrom) and alpha, beta, and gamma (degrees) were: 8.506(2), 8.787(4), 10.070(4), 73.68(3), 81.37(3), 85.39(3). 2-(hydroxyimino)-methyl-3-methyl-1-(2'- N-phenylsulfonylamino-1'-ethyl)imidazolium chloride (2) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/alpha(Z = 4). The unit cell parameters a, b, c (Angstrom) and beta (degrees) were: 12.690(2), 6.317(4), 20.193(4), 91.47(2). 1-(2'-ethyl-2'-trifluoromethanesulfonyl-aminoethyl)-2- (hydroxyimino)methyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (3) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P (1) over bar (Z = 2). The unit cell parameters a, b, c (Angstrom) and alpha, beta and gamma (degrees) were: 6.635(1), 11.333(2), 12.274(3), 115.05(3), 98.46(3), 90.11(3). 2-(hydroxyimino)-methyl-3-methyl-1-[2(2-methyl-3-nitrobutyloxy) methyl]-imidazolium chloride (4) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) (Z=4) The unit cell parameters a, b, and c (Angstrom) were: 10.034(1), 11.401(2), 13.352(2). C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Deschamps, JR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014; OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 1074-1542 J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Chem. Crystallogr. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 27 IS 9 BP 541 EP 548 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy GA YK859 UT WOS:A1997YK85900006 ER PT J AU Morang, A Larson, R Gorman, L AF Morang, A Larson, R Gorman, L TI Monitoring the coastal environment .3. Geophysical and research methods SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE depth sounding; sub-bottom profiling; side-scan sonar; ground penetrating radar; hydrographic surveying; acoustic impedences; high-resolution seismic AB Acoustic and electromagnetic geophysical methods are widely used in coastal studies for determining water depth, identifying bottom sediment type and surficial features, locating man-made objects and hazards, and studying subbottom geology and structure. Acoustic methods are broadly divided into categories: 1. high-frequency systems such as echo-sounders whose main purpose is to determine water depth (minimal seafloor penetration); 2. lower-frequency systems with the ability to penetrate bottom sediments. Coastal hydrographic surveys must be conducted by qualified personnel with meticulous quality-control procedures. The maximum practicable achievable accuracy for coastal surveys using echo sounders is about +/- 0.5 ft (0.15 m). High-resolution seismic surveys are used for engineering and for beach fill studies. The thinnest bed or layer that can be detected is about lambda/4, where lambda is the wavelength of the acoustic source. C1 USA,WATERWAYS EXPT STN,GEOTECH LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,INFORMAT TECHNOL LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Morang, A (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,COASTAL ENGN RES CTR,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1064 EP 1085 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA XZ999 UT WOS:A1997XZ99900008 ER PT J AU Irish, JL Lillycrop, WJ AF Irish, JL Lillycrop, WJ TI Monitoring New Pass, Florida, with high density lidar bathymetry SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE channel migration; morphodynamics; shoal mining; SHOALS; sediment budget; sediment processes; tidal inlet AB New Pass, Florida provides one of three exchanges between the Gulf of Mexico and Sarasota Bay. Hydrodynamic conditions in the region provide a micro-tidal environment with a diurnal range of approximately 0.6 m, and maximum flood and ebb current speeds at New Pass are on the order of +/-0.6 m/s. The long term average wave height is less than 0.4 m. The area contains an ample supply of sediments with an annual net transport rate on the order of 25,000 m(3). New Pass has been maintained as a federal navigation project since the 1960's, requiring periodic dredging to maintain a navigation channel that tends to migrate southward. The beach to the north, on Longboat Key, was nourished in 1993 with sand mined from the pass' ebb tidal shoal. In 1994 anew hydrographic survey system, SHOALS, was field tested in the New Pass vicinity and completed a survey of the the pass. Since the first survey, SHOALS has resurveyed the area on two other occasions obtaining unique data consisting of high resolution bathymetry. This paper utilizes the high resolution bathymetry produced by three SHOALS surveys to evaluate the continuing evolution of New Pass as it is influenced bg meteorological and astronomical forces and man-made changes. RP Irish, JL (reprint author), USA, ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN, 3909 HALLS FERRY RD, VICKSBURG, MS 39180 USA. OI Irish, Jennifer/0000-0002-2429-5953 NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1130 EP 1140 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA XZ999 UT WOS:A1997XZ99900014 ER PT J AU Parson, LE Lillycrop, WJ Klein, CJ Ives, RCP Orlando, SP AF Parson, LE Lillycrop, WJ Klein, CJ Ives, RCP Orlando, SP TI Use of lidar technology for collecting shallow water bathymetry of Florida Bay SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE lidar survey; bathymetry; hydrographic survey; shallow water estuary AB Due to an accelerated decline in water quality, Florida Bay is the focus of an inter-agency restoration program involving a modeling effort to define water circulation patterns both internally and between its surrounding waters. Models such as these require adequate resolution of the Bay's morphologic features which are characterized by extensive shallow water networks of mud banks, cuts, and basins. However, the information necessary to resolve the complex bathymetry does not exist on current NOAA navigation charts. The Bay's expansive shallow water characteristics renders much of it inaccessible by conventional waterborne survey methods. Obtaining this information requires an alternative survey technology capable of covering large shallow water areas and producing high resolution bathymetric data. During the spring of 1994 the SHOALS (Scanning Hydrographic Operational Airborne Lidar Survey) system was employed by NOAA to test its ability to resolve the complex shallow water bathymetry for a test area in central Florida Bay. Approximately 13 km(2) of area was surveyed with a total surveying time of 12 hours. The data set presented here demonstrates that airborne lidar bathymetric technology such as SHOALS can be a valuable and cost effective tool for surveying large shallow water areas, without damage to the environment, that are otherwise inaccessible by conventional methods. C1 NOAA,OFF OCEAN RESOURCES CONSERVAT & ASSESSMENT,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. RP Parson, LE (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,COASTAL ENGN RES CTR,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1173 EP 1180 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA XZ999 UT WOS:A1997XZ99900019 ER PT J AU Carver, RD Bottin, RR AF Carver, RD Bottin, RR TI Reef breakwater design for Burns Waterway Harbor, Indiana, USA SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE breakwater stability; hydraulic models; coastal structures; engineering research; physical modeling; coastal engineering; reef breakwater; wave transmission AB A two-dimensional model study of a proposed reef breakwater for protection of the existing, damage-prone, rubble-mound breakwater at Burns Waterway Harbor was conducted. Sufficient 1:36-scale undistorted flume tests were conducted such that an optimum submerged reef could be selected. Specifically, it was desired to quantify performance (stability/transmission response) in terms of structure height and width, location relative to existing breakwater, and stone size and gradation. Seven improvement plans were considered, which all significantly improved stability of the existing breakwater and reduced transmitted wave heights to some extent. In addition, a three-dimensional model study was conducted at a 1:75-scale to determine the optimum layout (width, length, and spacing of each segment of the reef breakwater as well as the distance between the toes of the existing and proposed reef structures). Five improvement plans were considered before an optimum plan (considering wave protection and costs) was selected. This paper describes tests and results of these model investigations. RP Carver, RD (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,COASTAL & HYDRAUL LAB,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0749-0208 J9 J COASTAL RES JI J. Coast. Res. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1267 EP 1281 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA XZ999 UT WOS:A1997XZ99900029 ER PT J AU White, KD Kay, RL AF White, KD Kay, RL TI Practitioner's forum SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA,CORPS ENGINEERS OMAHA DIST,OMAHA,NE 68102. RP White, KD (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,ICE ENGRG RES DIV,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1997)11:3(171) PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA XR815 UT WOS:A1997XR81500001 ER PT J AU Lever, JH Gooch, G Tuthill, A Clark, C AF Lever, JH Gooch, G Tuthill, A Clark, C TI Low-cost ice-control structure SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Communities located on small, northern rivers can experience severe breakup ice jams. While flood damages may be significant locally, they are often insufficient to justify the cost of conventional flood-control structures. Environmental concerns also tend to render these structures unattractive. A new, low-cost structure appears to be wed suited to control breakup ice jams on small rivers. It consists of massive sloped blocks, partially buried in riprap, placed across the river adjacent to a natural floodplain. The blocks will arrest a breakup ice run and form a stable, partially grounded ice jam. Trees or boulders on the floodplain retain ice pieces in the river channel while allowing flow to bypass the structure. Large gaps between blocks allow easy fish and canoe passage. Refrigerated hydraulic model tests indicate that the structure should perform well even during severe breakup events. A prototype built in Hardwick, Vt., has performed well during the four mild breakup events experienced to date. Its cost of $3,600/m of river width represents about an order-of-magnitude reduction compared with previous ice-control structures. RP Lever, JH (reprint author), USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, 72 LYME RD, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 198 EP 220 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1997)11:3(198) PG 23 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA XR815 UT WOS:A1997XR81500003 ER PT J AU Tuthill, A Gooch, G AF Tuthill, A Gooch, G TI Modeling ice passage at Starved Rock Lock and Dam on Illinois Waterway SO JOURNAL OF COLD REGIONS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Ice conditions hamper winter navigation on major U.S. waterways. Accumulations of broken ice in the upstream approaches to locks and dams can interfere with lock operations and hydropower production. Conveying this ice downstream through dam gates can be difficult because of the low water velocities found in pool areas, and the limited available discharge for ice passage during winter low-pow periods. A physical hydraulic model study, using real ice, investigated the design and operation of submergible gates for ice passage at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Starved Rock Lock and Dam on the Illinois Waterway. Alternative gate locations were tested for a range of gate discharges and ice conditions. The effects of hydropower diversions, navigation, and high-dow air screens on ice passage were examined. The study found that, under some ice conditions, submergible gates alone may not be adequate for ice passage. During these times, tow and barge transits through the lock and deflector bubbler operation would need to be coordinated with submergible gate operation to pass ice. RP Tuthill, A (reprint author), USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, 72 LYME RD, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0887-381X J9 J COLD REG ENG JI J. Cold Reg. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 11 IS 3 BP 232 EP 243 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-381X(1997)11:3(232) PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA XR815 UT WOS:A1997XR81500005 ER PT J AU Stock, PA Rader, WD AF Stock, PA Rader, WD TI Level of economic understanding for senior high school students in Ohio SO JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EDUCATION AB The level of economic understanding of 665 11th- and 12th-grade students in southeast Ohio was examined in this study. The Test of Economic Literacy (TEL), a standardized, multiple-choice test designed to measure a student's level of economic understanding, was administered to 665 students. The students' scores were analyzed and compared with national averages for the TEL, The 3 subjects the students understood best were currency exchange, competition, and types of economic systems. The 3 subjects the students understood least were market failures, inflation, and scarcity of resources. C1 USA, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Stock, PA (reprint author), 501 Washington St, St Marys, PA 15857 USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 0022-0671 J9 J EDUC RES JI J. Educ. Res. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 91 IS 1 BP 60 EP 63 PG 4 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA 115WU UT WOS:000075690000007 ER PT J AU Johnson, NA Steiner, D AF Johnson, NA Steiner, D TI Mountain bike injury SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Letter RP Johnson, NA (reprint author), DWIGHT D EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR,DEPT FAMILY & COMMUNITY MED,FT GORDON,GA 30905, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 45 IS 3 BP 192 EP 193 PG 8 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XW112 UT WOS:A1997XW11200002 PM 9299992 ER PT J AU Yang, TCS Cohen, JS Kluter, RA Tempest, P Manvell, C Blackmore, SJ Adams, S AF Yang, TCS Cohen, JS Kluter, RA Tempest, P Manvell, C Blackmore, SJ Adams, S TI Microbiological and sensory evaluation of six ohmically heated stew type foods SO JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY LA English DT Article AB Presented are the results of a Natick RD&E Center study of microbiological and sensory evaluation of six commercially produced ohmically heated stew type products before and after three years' storage at 27C. All six products were commercially sterile and had no postprocessing contamination and, in general, had excellent retention of sensory quality, as determined by sensory measurement of color, appearance, flavor, texture and integrity attributes and overall quality ratings. These studies indicated that ohmic heating technology has the potential to provide shelf-stable foods closely equivalent to those prepared from scratch. It was also evident that reformulation of the entree items presented and development of new items is needed to take full advantage of this technology. RP Yang, TCS (reprint author), USA,RAT SYST DIV,SUSTAINABIL DIRECTORATE,SOLDIER SYST COMMAND,NATICK RD&E CTR,NATICK,MA 01760, USA. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 SN 0146-9428 J9 J FOOD QUALITY JI J. Food Qual. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 20 IS 4 BP 303 EP 313 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4557.1997.tb00473.x PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA XV457 UT WOS:A1997XV45700004 ER PT J AU Puri, B Nelson, WM Henchal, EA Hoke, CH Eckels, KH Dubois, DR Porter, KR Hayes, CG AF Puri, B Nelson, WM Henchal, EA Hoke, CH Eckels, KH Dubois, DR Porter, KR Hayes, CG TI Molecular analysis of dengue virus attenuation after serial passage in primary dog kidney cells SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; RESISTANT MUTANTS; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; TYPE-4 VIRUS; RNA; IDENTIFICATION; NEUROVIRULENCE; GENOME AB The complete nucleotide sequences of the genomes of dengue-l virus virulent 45AZ5 PDK-O and attenuated vaccine candidate strain 45AZ5 PDK-27 have been determined and compared with the dengue-1 virus Western Pacific (West Pac) 74 parent strain from which 45AZ5 PDK-O was derived. Twenty-five (0.23%) nucleotide and 10 (0.29%) amino acid substitutions occurred between parent strain dengue-1 virus West Pac 74 and virulent strain 45AZ5 PDK-O, which was derived from the parent by serial passage in diploid foetal rhesus lung (FRhL-2) and mutagenized with 5-azacytidine. These substitutions were preserved in the 45AZ5 PDK-27 vaccine. 45AZ5 PDK-O and PDK-27 strains, which differ by 27 passages in primary dog kidney (PDK) cells, show 25 (0.23%) nucleotide and 11 (0.32%) amino acid divergences. These comparative studies suggest that the changes which occurred between the West Pac 74 and 45AZ5 PDK-O strains may alter the biological properties of the virus but may not be important for attenuation. Important nucleotide base changes responsible for attenuation accumulated between 45AZ5 PDK-O and 27. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV VIROL,FREDERICK,MD 21702. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT VIRAL DIS,WASHINGTON,DC. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BIOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Puri, B (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,CODE 41,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 78 BP 2287 EP 2291 PN 9 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA XT710 UT WOS:A1997XT71000019 PM 9292016 ER PT J AU Filz, GM Duncan, JM Ebeling, RM AF Filz, GM Duncan, JM Ebeling, RM TI Vertical shear loads on nonmoving walls .2. Applications SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID COMPACTION AB Massive concrete walls constructed on rock foundations, as well as other nonmoving retaining walls, are customarily designed for at-rest earth pressures. Vertical shear loads applied by the backfill are usually not considered in design of nonmoving walls, even though many field and laboratory measurements have shown that such loads exist. Vertical shear loads can be very beneficial for stability of retaining walls, because they provide restoring moments to counteract overturning moments from lateral earth loads. In this paper, model test results and case history data are reviewed, the results of finite-element calculations are presented, and a simple design procedure is developed. It is shown that significant economies can result from consideration of vertical shear forces in design of nonmoving retaining walls. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. RP Filz, GM (reprint author), VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061, USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 123 IS 9 BP 863 EP 873 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1997)123:9(863) PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA XR586 UT WOS:A1997XR58600010 ER PT J AU Ketcham, SA Black, PB Pretto, R AF Ketcham, SA Black, PB Pretto, R TI Frost heave loading of constrained footing by centrifuge modeling SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SOILS AB This paper presents measurements and results of three centrifuge experiments that model the uplift loading of a constrained footing by the frost heaving of a layer of freezing, saturated silt. The experiments were performed at different scales to investigate the validity of scale factors predicted for small-scale frost heave modeling. The working hypothesis was that the developing frost heave forces measured in the different models should, using the predicted scale factors, scale to the same full-scale response. Results from the tests support this hypothesis and provide an indication that the centrifuge modeling technique is applicable to frost heave loading of structures. C1 USA, CORPS ENGINEERS, NEW ENGLAND DIV, WALTHAM, MA 02254 USA. RP Ketcham, SA (reprint author), USA, COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB, 72 LYME RD, HANOVER, NH 03755 USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 123 IS 9 BP 874 EP 880 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1997)123:9(874) PG 7 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA XR586 UT WOS:A1997XR58600011 ER PT J AU Clayson, ET Shrestha, MP Vaughn, DW Snitbhan, R Shrestha, KB Longer, CF Innis, BL AF Clayson, ET Shrestha, MP Vaughn, DW Snitbhan, R Shrestha, KB Longer, CF Innis, BL TI Rates of hepatitis E virus infection and disease among adolescents and adults in Kathmandu, Nepal SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Antibody Workshop - The Role of Humoral Immunity in the Treatment and Prevention of Emerging and Extant Infectious Diseases CY JUN 02-04, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Fogarty Int Ctr, NIH, NIAID, NICHD, NCI, US FDA ID SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; ANTIBODIES; IGM AB To determine hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and disease rates in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal, serum was collected from 757 healthy Nepalese (ages 12-48 years) during March and September 1992 and September 1993. At each visit, reports of interval illness were obtained. Sera were examined for IgG to HEV, using a commercially available kit. Seroconversion was used as a marker for HEV infection, and an episode of hepatitis E was defined as a history of jaundice with seroconversion, Seroprevalence ranged from 16% to 31% and increased with age, whereas both infection and disease rates decreased with age. Infection and disease rates were as high as 99/1000 and 45/1000 person-years, respectively. These results highlight the importance of sporadic hepatitis E as a public health problem among adolescents and young adults in this region. C1 ARMED FORCES RES INST MED SCI,DEPT VIROL,BANGKOK 10400,THAILAND. INFECT DIS HOSP,KATMANDU,NEPAL. BIRENDRA ARMY HOSP,KATMANDU,NEPAL. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT VIRUS DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 11 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 176 IS 3 BP 763 EP 766 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XT819 UT WOS:A1997XT81900031 PM 9291328 ER PT J AU Brown, AE Malone, JD Zhou, SYJ Lane, JR Hawkes, CA AF Brown, AE Malone, JD Zhou, SYJ Lane, JR Hawkes, CA TI Human immunodeficiency virus RNA levels in US adults: A comparison based upon race and ethnicity SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HIV-1 RNA; AIDS; PLASMA; TIME AB Volunteers in a natural history study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) at two military medical centers were studied to determine whether plasma HIV-1 RNA levels differ among racial and ethnic groups of US adults infected with HIV-1. Cross-sectional analyses of plasma HIV-1 RNA and CD4 cell counts were done using demographic and clinical data collected during study visits, Age, gender, CD4 cell count, seroconversion status, and use of antiretroviral therapy were studied in 545 military members (46% white, 49% black, and 6% Hispanic), No association was found between HIV-1 RNA levels and race or ethnicity among infected adults for whom access to care and socioeconomic status were not confounding factors. C1 HENRY M JACKSON FDN, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, COMBINED MIL DIAGNOST RETROVIROL SERV, ROCKVILLE, MD 20307 USA. SRA TECHNOL, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, BETHESDA, MD USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WASHINGTON, DC USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 176 IS 3 BP 794 EP 797 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XT819 UT WOS:A1997XT81900039 PM 9291336 ER PT J AU Smoak, BL Writer, JV Keep, LW Cowan, J Chantelois, JL AF Smoak, BL Writer, JV Keep, LW Cowan, J Chantelois, JL TI The effects of inadvertent exposure of mefloquine chemoprophylaxis on pregnancy outcomes and infants of US army servicewomen SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Antibody Workshop - The Role of Humoral Immunity in the Treatment and Prevention of Emerging and Extant Infectious Diseases CY JUN 02-04, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Fogarty Int Ctr, NIH, NIAID, NICHD, NCI, US FDA ID MALARIA AB During US military operations in Somalia, mefloquine, a drug for malaria chemoprophylaxis, was not approved for use in pregnant women, Some female soldiers inadvertently used mefloquine before becoming aware of their pregnancy, A registry was established to follow the outcomes of these pregnancies, Questionnaires were administered at the time the pregnancy was diagnosed, after termination or delivery, and at 1 year after birth, Seventy-two soldiers were eligible for the registry. There were 17 elective abortions, 12 spontaneous abortions, 1 molar pregnancy, and 23 live births, The outcome for 19 soldiers was unknown, An unexpected high rate of spontaneous abortions was observed, All infants were healthy at birth, with no major congenital malformations. One infant died at 4 months of viral pneumonitis. At 1 year of age, 13 infants were reported to be healthy, with normal cognitive and motor development, This study provides additional postmarketing data that mefloquine does not cause gross congenital malformations. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV PREVENT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. SRA INC,ALEXANDRIA,VA. USA,MED DEPT ACT,PREVENT MED SERV,FT CAMPBELL,KY. NR 8 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 176 IS 3 BP 831 EP 833 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA XT819 UT WOS:A1997XT81900050 PM 9291347 ER PT J AU Crane, CC AF Crane, CC TI From people's war to people's rule: Insurgency, intervention, and the lessons of Vietnam - Lomperis,TJ SO JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP Crane, CC (reprint author), US MIL ACAD,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-1953 J9 J INTERDISCIPL HIST JI J. Interdiscip. Hist. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 28 IS 2 BP 322 EP 323 DI 10.2307/206455 PG 2 WC History SC History GA XV081 UT WOS:A1997XV08100056 ER PT J AU Pick, J Olson, LL Ellis, WY Lim, P AF Pick, J Olson, LL Ellis, WY Lim, P TI Development and validation of a method to extract and quantitate paromomycin and gentamicin from an Aquaphilic(R) cream formulation SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE paromomycin; gentamicin; extraction from cream formulation; HPLC; post-column derivatization; cutaneous leishmaniasis ID AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTICS; AMINO-ACIDS AB Butanol and dilute sulfuric acid were used to extract paromomycin and gentamicin from Aquaphilic(R)-based formulated creams. The extraction procedure was validated over different antibiotic concentration ranges for linearity, precision, accuracy, limited specificity, sensitivity and solution stability. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 SRI INT,DIV LIFE SCI,MENLO PK,CA 94025. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT CHEM INFORMAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0731-7085 J9 J PHARMACEUT BIOMED JI J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 16 IS 1 BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1016/S0731-7085(96)02044-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA YF137 UT WOS:A1997YF13700016 PM 9447560 ER PT J AU Owens, FJ AF Owens, FJ TI Dc and ac magnetic field dependence of electromagnetic absorption in HgPbBaCaCuo, 133 K, superconductor SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID CU-O SYSTEM; MICROWAVE-ABSORPTION; DISSIPATION; CRYSTALS; YBACUO AB The effect of dc and ac magnetic fields on the absorption of electromagnetic energy in the superconducting state of Hg0.7Pb0.3Ba2Ca2Cu3O8+x (T-c = 133 K) is studied by measuring the magnetic field dependence of the RF penetration depth at 300 KHz-20 Mhz. It is shown that the absorption depends linearly on the dc magnetic field as B-1/2 with a change in slope in occurring at a field B* which is associated with the depinning transition in agreement with theoretical predictions. At constant temperature B* is observed to decrease with increasing frequency. A comparison of the held dependence of the RF penetration depth in Hg,Pb1223 with that in Y-Ba-Cu-O indicates the Hg,Pb1223 superconductor more strongly traps flux at 77 K compared to Y-Ba-Cu-O. It is shown that low frequency ac magnetic fields also cause an increase in high frequency electromagnetic absorption. This low field ac induced absorption is believed to arise from the same causes as the absorption induced by a small dc magnetic field that is flux jumps through square micron sized current loops formed by weak links in the material. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USA,ARMAMENT RES & DEV CTR,PICATINNY ARSENAL,NJ 07806. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD SEP PY 1997 VL 58 IS 9 BP 1481 EP 1486 DI 10.1016/S0022-3697(96)00135-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA XY206 UT WOS:A1997XY20600027 ER PT J AU Parker, MH Cameron, SM Hughbanks, JC Reid, DE AF Parker, MH Cameron, SM Hughbanks, JC Reid, DE TI Comparison of occlusal contacts in maximum intercuspation for two impression techniques SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENT RECORDING MATERIALS; ACCURACY AB Statement of problem. At the insertion of a fixed prosthesis, occlusal interfe Purpose. This study investigated and compared the accuracy of interocclusal relationships in maximum intercuspation for mounted casts obtained from a quadrant dual-arch impression technique and conventional full-arch impression techniques. Material and methods. Comparisons were made between an intraoral interocclusal record and interocclusal records made on mounted casts. Irreversible hydrocolloid, reversible hydrocolloid, polysulfide, polyether, and polyvinyl siloxane were used for the full-arch impression technique. For the quadrant dual-arch impression technique, rigid polyvinyl siloxane and light-body polyvinyl siloxane injection materials were used. Results. Statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0017) in the median values among treatment groups. All pairwise multiple comparison procedures (Student-Newman-Keuls) indicated the average error of the quadrant dual-arch records was significantly different from the average error of each group of records produced with the full-arch techniques (p < 0.05). Comparison of the records of the full-arch impressions did not reveal any statistically significant differences. The average error of the full arch records was 72 +/- 33 mu m and the quadrant dual-arch average error was 5 +/- 5 mu m. Conclusion. The quadrant dual-arch impression technique produced mounted casts with significantly more accurate maximal intercuspal relationships than mounted casts from full-arch impressions. C1 USA, DENT ACTIV, FT GORDON, GA 30905 USA. EISENHOWER ARMY MED CTR, PROSTHODONT RESIDENCY PROGRAM, FT GORDON, GA USA. HANAU DENT CLIN, HANAU, GERMANY. NR 9 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 78 IS 3 BP 255 EP 259 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70023-4 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA XW880 UT WOS:A1997XW88000006 PM 9297641 ER PT J AU Swisher, ED Kahleifeh, B Pohl, JF AF Swisher, ED Kahleifeh, B Pohl, JF TI Blood cultures in febrile patients after hysterectomy - Cost-effectiveness SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hysterectomy; cost effectiveness; blood; tissue culture ID POSTOPERATIVE FEVER; VAGINAL HYSTERECTOMY; PROPHYLAXIS AB OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact and cost-effectiveness of blood cultures in patients with febrile morbidity following vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy. STUDY DESIGN: The charts of 192 abdominal and 150 vaginal hysterectomy cases performed at Wafter Reed Army Medical Center for benign disease between June 1992 and June 1995 were retrospectively analyzed for postoperative febrile morbidity, fever evaluation, blood culture results, management and clinical course. RESULTS: Of the 342 hysterectomy cases reviewed, 46 (24%) abdominal and 16 (10.7%) vaginal hysterectomies had fever evaluations that included aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures. There were no blood cultures documenting bacteremia in the abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy patients evaluated for postoperative febrile morbidity. Two patients with positive blood cultures had preoperative infections and were eliminated from statistical analysis. Adherence to the definition of febrile morbidity eliminated another 19 (30.6%) of the 62 febrile patients phlebotomized for blood cultures. CONCLUSION Blood cultures in the routine patient following vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy did not alter management and were not cost-effective. Blood cultures may be appropriate for febrile patients with preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative risk factors for bacteremia. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV UROGYNECOL & PELV RECONSTRUCT SURG,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 42 IS 9 BP 547 EP 550 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA XY069 UT WOS:A1997XY06900003 PM 9336749 ER PT J AU Chung, A Older, SA AF Chung, A Older, SA TI Interferon-alpha associated arthritis SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE interferon alpha; arthritis; hepatitis C ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; THERAPY; DISEASE AB We describe a patient who developed progressive inflammatory polyarthritis after treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) for chronic hepatitis C infection. Rechallenge with the drug caused worsening of the arthritis, but withdrawal did not result in remission. Preexisting autoantibodies and HLA-DR4 were detected in his serum and are thought to be relevant in the etiology of IFN-alpha associated autoimmune disease. C1 BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,RHEUMATOL SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78234. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 24 IS 9 BP 1844 EP 1845 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA XU867 UT WOS:A1997XU86700034 PM 9292816 ER PT J AU Montemarano, AD Sau, P Johnson, FB James, WD AF Montemarano, AD Sau, P Johnson, FB James, WD TI Cutaneous granulomas caused by an aluminum-zirconium complex: An ingredient of antiperspirants SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT DERMATOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT BIOL CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. UNIV PENN,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Montemarano, AD (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 3 BP 496 EP 498 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(97)70159-2 PN 1 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA XW856 UT WOS:A1997XW85600026 PM 9308573 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Oliver, DK Weich, PG AF Abbott, KC Oliver, DK Weich, PG TI Role of world wide web (WWW) in nephrology clinical practice and education. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP A0628 EP A0628 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XY103 UT WOS:A1997XY10300628 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Welch, PG AF Abbott, KC Welch, PG TI Integration of computer and information skills into nephrology fellowship training. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,NEPHROL SVC,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP A0627 EP A0627 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XY103 UT WOS:A1997XY10300627 ER PT J AU Carome, M Salata, K Hershey, J Polly, S Mock, G Yuan, C AF Carome, M Salata, K Hershey, J Polly, S Mock, G Yuan, C TI Antibodies to heat shock proteins in renal allograft recipients and in healthy controls. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP A3052 EP A3052 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XY103 UT WOS:A1997XY10303049 ER PT J AU Mock, G Sabnis, S Hershey, J Musio, F Yuan, C AF Mock, G Sabnis, S Hershey, J Musio, F Yuan, C TI Chronic cyclosporine nephropathy is not associated with a systemic antibody response to heat shock protein 70. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP A2824 EP A2824 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XY103 UT WOS:A1997XY10302822 ER PT J AU Musio, F Lukens, M Meglin, A Chung, E Yuan, C AF Musio, F Lukens, M Meglin, A Chung, E Yuan, C TI The clinical efficacy of transjugular renal biopsy. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP A0686 EP A0686 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XY103 UT WOS:A1997XY10300686 ER PT J AU Tiu, A Salzberg, D Yuan, C AF Tiu, A Salzberg, D Yuan, C TI Cyclosporine A-induced Hsp70 gene expression is associated with cyclophilin binding, not calcineurin inhibition. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 8 SU S BP A2837 EP A2837 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XY103 UT WOS:A1997XY10302835 ER PT J AU Schiavone, GA ONeill, K Paulsen, KD AF Schiavone, GA ONeill, K Paulsen, KD TI Scattering from groove patterns in a perfectly conducting surface SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING; RECTANGULAR CHANNEL; GROUND PLANE; FORMULATION; GRATINGS; CAVITY; TE AB Electromagnetic scattering is investigated for assemblages of parallel open cavities recessed in a perfectly conducting ground plane. Cavities of a variety of shapes are treated, with cross-sectional dimensions of the order of one or two electromagnetic wavelengths. Under the assumption that the cavities form grooves of effectively infinite length, a two-dimensional analysis treats transverse incidence under both E-and H-polarized illumination (E and H fields parallel to groove axis, respectively). For the most part, any coupling between cavity responses on the surface produces negligible effects on far-field diffraction patterns, even when cavities are extremely close together and when induced currents flow between adjacent cavities. Thus one may usually construct diffraction patterns for assemblages of grooves by simply superposing responses calculated for each cavity in isolation. Despite possibly substantial differences among the individual scattering patterns from contributing cavities, regularly spaced arrangements of two or more cavities produced grating-type diffraction patterns. This allows inference of the distance between grooves, based on separation between the pattern's peaks and troughs. Combinations of dissimilar cavities may produce diffraction patterns with peaks that are shifted away from locations expected on the basis of the grating equation, but with a characteristic spacing between the peaks approximately preserved. Random perturbation of groove locations relative to uniform spacing produces a decay in ensemble-average diffraction pattern as scattering angles diverge from the specular direction. A simple theory quantifies the exponential dependency of this grating pattern suppression and shows its effect on the angular range available for identification of scattering characteristics. Monte Carlo-type backscatter simulations including all intercavity coupling demonstrate the success of the theory and thereby explain the type of pattern suppression seen in measurements. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 DARTMOUTH COLL,THAYER SCH ENGN,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP Schiavone, GA (reprint author), USA,COLD REG RES & ENGN LAB,72 LYME RD,HANOVER,NH 03755, USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 14 IS 9 BP 2212 EP 2222 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.14.002212 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA XT937 UT WOS:A1997XT93700019 ER PT J AU McLeod, DG AF McLeod, DG TI Tumor markers in hydrocele fluids of patients with benign and malignant scrotal diseases - Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP McLeod, DG (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,UROL SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 158 IS 3 BP 855 EP 855 PN 1 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA XP869 UT WOS:A1997XP86900042 ER PT J AU Marchetto, BE Meglin, AJ Chiricosta, FM Temo, JA Duhan, JL AF Marchetto, BE Meglin, AJ Chiricosta, FM Temo, JA Duhan, JL TI Transvenous renal biopsy in an ex vivo swine kidney model: A comparison of five devices SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biopsies, technology; kidney, biopsy ID TRANSJUGULAR LIVER-BIOPSY; EXPERIENCE AB PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of end-cut and side-cut devices in transvenous renal biopsies of ex vivo swine kidneys and to examine the use of the swine kidney as an animal model in this setting, MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biopsy specimens of ex vivo swine kidneys were obtained after selective renal vein cannulation with use of five separate biopsy devices (Quick-Core 16 gauge and 18 gauge, Colapinto 16 gauge, Mansfield biopsy forceps, Flexi-Temno 16 gauge), Biopsy specimens were defined as the material obtained from three separate passes at a given site, with 30 biopsy specimens obtained per device, Capsular perforation was examined for each pass, A blinded pathologist recorded the presence of tissue and the number of glomeruli present for each pass, A diagnostic biopsy was defined as six or more glomeruli obtained, RESULTS: The median number of glomeruli obtained for each device per biopsy was Colapinto 0.0 (range, 0-13), Mansfield 0.0 (range, 0-19), Flexi-Temno 2.0 (range, 0-13), 18-gauge Quick-Core 8.5 (range, 0-30), and 16-gauge Quick-Core 16.0 (range, 0-52), The Quick-Core 16-gauge and 18-gauge devices obtained diagnostically adequate biopsy specimens 83% and 77% of the time, respectively, compared to 20% or less for the other devices, CONCLUSION: The Quick-Core 16-gauge and 18-gauge side-cut biopsy devices are the most efficacious for obtaining diagnostic quality biopsy specimens in the ex vivo swine kidney model. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP Marchetto, BE (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 8 IS 5 BP 831 EP 834 DI 10.1016/S1051-0443(97)70668-7 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA XW318 UT WOS:A1997XW31800013 PM 9314375 ER PT J AU Powers, AM Oberste, MS Brault, AC RicoHesse, R Schmura, SM Smith, JF Kang, WL Sweeney, WP Weaver, SC AF Powers, AM Oberste, MS Brault, AC RicoHesse, R Schmura, SM Smith, JF Kang, WL Sweeney, WP Weaver, SC TI Repeated emergence of epidemic/epizootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis from a single genotype of enzootic subtype ID virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE; STRAIN TC-83; GLYCOPROTEINS; ALPHAVIRUSES; COMPLEX; E2-GLYCOPROTEIN; CONSTRUCTION; SEQUENCES AB Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) epidemics and equine epizootics occurred periodically in the Americas from the 1920s until the early 1970s, when the causative viruses, subtypes IAB and IC were postulated to have become extinct. Recent outbreaks in Columbia and Venezuela have renewed interest in the source of epidemic/epizootic viruses and their mechanism of interepizootic maintenance. We performed phylogenetic analyses of VEE virus isolates spanning the entire temporal and geographic range of strains available, using 857-nucleotide reverse transcription-PCR products including the E3 and E2 genes. Analyses indicated that epidemic/epizootic viruses are closely related to four distinct, enzootic subtype ID-like lineages. One of these lineages, which occurs in Columbia, Peru, and Venezuela, also included all of the epidemic/epizootic isolates; the remaining three ID-like lineages, which occur in Panama, Peru, Florida, coastal Ecuador, and southwestern Columbia, were apparently not associated with epizootic VEE emergence. Within the Columbia/Peru/Venezuela lineage, three distinct monophyletic groups of epidemic/epizootic viruses were delineated, indicating that VEE emergence has occurred independently at least three times (convergent evolution). Representative, complete E2 amino acid sequences were compared to identify potential determinants of equine virulence and epizootic emergence. Amino acids implicated previously in laboratory mouse attenuation generally did not vary among the natural isolates that we examined, indicating that they probably are not involved in equine virulence changes associated with VEE emergence. Most informative amino acids correlated with phylogenetic relationships rather than phenotypic characteristics, suggesting that VEE emergence has resulted from several distinct combinations of mutations that generate viruses with similar antigenic and equine virulence phenotype. C1 UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,DEPT PATHOL,GALVESTON,TX 77555. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,CTR TROP DIS,GALVESTON,TX 77555. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV VIROL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. SW FDN BIOMED RES,DEPT VIROL & IMMUNOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78245. RI Rico-Hesse, Rebeca/C-5294-2011; Weaver, Scott/D-6490-2011 OI Rico-Hesse, Rebeca/0000-0001-6216-1000; FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI39508, AI39800, AI10984] NR 44 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 71 IS 9 BP 6697 EP 6705 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA XQ799 UT WOS:A1997XQ79900051 PM 9261393 ER PT J AU Vincent, CL Jensen, RE AF Vincent, CL Jensen, RE TI Observations of wave transformation near breaking SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Analysis of the change in the spectrum of wind waves over a 5-km reach just prior to the surf zone during a major extratropical storm indicates that significant shifts in the spectral distribution of wave energy occur. For both onshore and offshore winds, the midrange of the spectrum loses up to 40% of the energy content, while the low-and high-frequency ranges have an energy gain. In the onshore case, gain in the high-frequency range dominates, and in the offshore wind case (predominant wave energy propagation is still shoreward), gain in the low-frequency region dominates. RP Vincent, CL (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,COAST & HYDR LAB,ENGN RES CTR,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 5 BP 249 EP 251 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1997)123:5(249) PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XR752 UT WOS:A1997XR75200005 ER PT J AU Vincent, CL Jensen, RE AF Vincent, CL Jensen, RE TI Wave transformation during extratropical storm SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB Wave observations made during an October 1990 storm on the North Carolina coast are used to investigate the evolution of wind waves as they propagate from about 48 m to 8.5 m of water. The observations include height, period, and direction as well as frequency and directional spectra. The wave measurements are separated by 90 km with simple bathymetry. During the active wind-sea growth (winds of 25 m/s), spatial and temporal changes in the wave field indicate that a quasi-steady-state assumption is no longer valid. Later, the wave field becomes a mixture of two wave systems: swell out of the northeast and a wind-sea system from the northwest. It is concluded that even for a relatively simple storm, evaluation of the physical mechanisms and prediction require a time-dependent numerical model. RP Vincent, CL (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,COAST & HYDR LAB,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 5 BP 252 EP 260 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1997)123:5(252) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XR752 UT WOS:A1997XR75200006 ER PT J AU Baquerizo, A Losada, MA Smith, JM Kobayashi, N AF Baquerizo, A Losada, MA Smith, JM Kobayashi, N TI Cross-shore variation of wave reflection from beaches SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID SWASH AB The cross-shore variation of the local reflection coefficient R is examined under the assumptions of normally incident wind waves on beaches with alongshore uniform bathymetry. The existing three-gauge method is modified to estimate R for the sloping bottom. A new method is developed to estimate the incident and reflected root-mean-square (RMS) wave heights from the measured RMS wave height and wave setup. These methods are used to analyze six runs from the large-scale SUPERTANK data set. The estimated values of R are affected little by the formation of a bar and increase shoreward with the increased percentage of breaking waves. One set of the DELILAH field data on a barred beach is also analyzed using collocated pressure and velocity measurements. This data set confirms the negligible effect of the bat on the variation of R over the bar in the absence of wave-breaking on the bar crest. These crude estimates of R suggest that the reflected wind waves may not be negligibly small in comparison to the incident wind waves, especially inside the surf zone. C1 USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,COAST HYDR LAB,VICKSBURG,MS 39180. UNIV DELAWARE,CTR APPL COAST RES,NEWARK,DE. RP Baquerizo, A (reprint author), UNIV CANTABRIA,OC & COAST RES GRP,E-39005 SANTANDER,SPAIN. RI Losada, Miguel/G-9713-2015; Baquerizo, Asuncion/G-9767-2015 OI Losada, Miguel/0000-0002-2071-3134; Baquerizo, Asuncion/0000-0002-3339-0653 NR 12 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 5 BP 274 EP 279 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1997)123:5(274) PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XR752 UT WOS:A1997XR75200009 ER PT J AU Ward, DL Wibner, CG Zhang, J AF Ward, DL Wibner, CG Zhang, J TI Advection distance of water droplets in strong winds SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article AB As part of a study on wind effects on runup and overtopping of coastal structures, advection distances for water droplets of various sizes were measured in a wind/wave flume. The study found that advection distances were considerably greater than would be expected from wind forces acting on spherical droplets. Flattening of the windward face of water droplets from splash and spray in the presence of strong wind was found to increase the drag of droplets in this study and possibly add a lifting force, thereby increasing the distances droplets were carried. Results of this study indicate that splash and spray may be carried over a coastal structure considerably farther than may be expected, which in turn may contribute to higher overtopping rates. C1 AKER OMEGA INC,HOUSTON,TX 77079. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP Ward, DL (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,COASTAL ENGN RES CTR,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 5 BP 297 EP 299 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1997)123:5(297) PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XR752 UT WOS:A1997XR75200012 ER PT J AU Houston, JR AF Houston, JR TI Simplified Dean's method for beach-fill design - Closure SO JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Houston, JR (reprint author), USA,ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPT STN,3909 HALLS FERRY RD,VICKSBURG,MS 39180, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-950X J9 J WATERW PORT C-ASCE JI J. Waterw. Port Coast. Ocean Eng.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 123 IS 5 BP 302 EP 302 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1997)123:5(302) PG 1 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA XR752 UT WOS:A1997XR75200014 ER PT J AU Barth, J AF Barth, J TI Virtual money: Tailoring financial markets to cyberspace - Solomon,EH SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Barth, J (reprint author), US MIL ACAD LIB,W POINT,NY 10996, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 122 IS 14 BP 194 EP 195 PG 2 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA XT759 UT WOS:A1997XT75900127 ER PT J AU Deb, KK AF Deb, KK TI A hot-pressed PLZT under DC bias for field-stabilized pyroelectric detector applications SO MATERIALS RESEARCH INNOVATIONS LA English DT Article DE PLZT (9.5/65/35); DC biasing; pyroelectric response; uncooled infrared detectors ID LEAD SCANDIUM TANTALATE; CERAMICS; TITANATE AB The temperature dependence of the pyroelectric response of a hot-pressed PLZT (lead lanthanide zirconate titanate) (9.5/65/35) under a modest de electric bias field has been investigated in an assessment of the performance of this material for applications in small-area pyroelectric devices. A strong pyroelectric response has been induced in the material at and above its transition temperature by the application of an electric field. The electrical resistivity, relative dielectic constant, loss tangent, ferroelectic hysteresis, and pyroelectric coefficients are reported. The material shows a very high figure of merit for a dielectric bolometer application that is competitive with existing relaxer ferroelectric materials such as Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3 (PMN) and Pb(Sc1/2Ta1/2)O-3 (PST). C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kdeb@arl.mil NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1432-8917 EI 1433-075X J9 MATER RES INNOV JI Mater. Res. Innov. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 1 IS 2 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.1007/s100190050025 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA YX891 UT WOS:000072090700003 ER PT J AU Hall, DP Rowe, BA AF Hall, DP Rowe, BA TI The Fort Bragg sniper attack and mental health response SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILITARY AB In October 1995, a U.S. Army sergeant opened fire on a formation of fellow soldiers at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. The authors describe the efforts of mental health providers to assist command, reduce psychological stress among affected units, and treat longer-term cases of post-traumatic stress disorder, Findings of critical-incident stress debriefings are discussed, Changes in clinical activity at the Division Mental Health Clinic following the sniper attack are presented. Recommendations are made for mental health interventions in future military community crises. RP Hall, DP (reprint author), 82ND AIRBORNE DIV,DIV MENTAL HLTH CLIN,FT BRAGG,NC 28307, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 162 IS 9 BP 579 EP 581 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU718 UT WOS:A1997XU71800001 PM 9290289 ER PT J AU Cuenin, MF Kudryk, VL Billman, MA Hanson, BS AF Cuenin, MF Kudryk, VL Billman, MA Hanson, BS TI Estrogenic hormones and dental implant therapy: The effects of estrogen and progesterone levels on osseointegration of dental implants SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW; CYTOKINES; CELLS AB Successful rehabilitation of female service members suffering traumatic injuries to the maxillofacial region is both a physiological and a psychological issue. A clinical evaluation to determine if an association exists between sex hormone levels and dental implant success was undertaken. Endosseous dental implants were placed in three patient groups: (1) male controls, (2) females with high estrogen, and (3) females with low estrogen, Female groupings were based on ovulation cycles, Serum estrogen (ng/dl), serum progesterone (ng/dl), and serum interleukin-6 (pg/ml) were determined at time of implant placement. Pre-and postsurgical photographs and vinyl-polysiloxane impressions were taken to evaluate crestal alveolar bone loss. Upon data analysis, the authors concluded that the balance of alveolar osseous wound healing was not influenced by temporal fluctuations in the ovulatory cycle. RP Cuenin, MF (reprint author), USA,DENT ACTIV,USA,PERIODONT RESIDENCY,FT GORDON,GA 30905, USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 162 IS 9 BP 582 EP 585 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU718 UT WOS:A1997XU71800002 PM 9290290 ER PT J AU Chisick, MC York, AK Poindexter, FR AF Chisick, MC York, AK Poindexter, FR TI Factors influencing perceived need for dental care by active duty US military personnel SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the International-Association-for-Dental-Research CY MAR 13-17, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Int Assoc Dent Res ID HEALTH AB This study explores factors that influence perceived need for dental care among active duty U.S. military personnel. The data were collected on a prestratified random sample of 12,950 (76% response rate) service members between April 1994 and January 1995. Participants received a comprehensive oral examination from a dentist and answered queries concerning perceived need on self-administered questionnaires. Using bivariate and logistic regression analyses, we examined the association between demographic and clinical measures and perceived need for dental care. Bivariate results show that half of all U.S. military personnel perceive a need for dental care, with statistically significant differences across race, rank, education, branch of service, dental health class, and dental utilization. Logistic regression results show that the likelihood of perceived need is influenced by age, race, rank, branch of service, dental disease, dental health class, and dental utilization, Extensive dental decay is the strongest predictor of perceived need in this population. RP Chisick, MC (reprint author), USA,CTR HLTH PROMOT & PREVENT MED,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 162 IS 9 BP 586 EP 589 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU718 UT WOS:A1997XU71800003 PM 9290291 ER PT J AU Humphrey, W Ellyson, R AF Humphrey, W Ellyson, R TI Warm water immersion foot: Still a threat to the soldier SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB We report a significant incidence of warm water immersion foot (WWIF) in a light infantry battalion during a field exercise, Four hundred soldiers belonging to this battalion were surveyed to determine the prevalence of the WWIF syndrome. One hundred forty-nine soldiers surveyed developed the WWIF syndrome, The affected soldiers had a wide range of disability, ranging from mild discomfort to the inability to ambulate, All soldiers had full recovery within 2 weeks of the injuries. Although the syndrome is self-limited, the loss of these soldiers from combat critically impaired the battalion in its mission, We present this report as a reminder that effective preventive measures should be taken prior to field exercises and deployments. RP Humphrey, W (reprint author), USA,MED DEPT ACTIV,DEPT ARMY,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,FT BENNING,GA 31905, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 162 IS 9 BP 610 EP 611 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU718 UT WOS:A1997XU71800008 PM 9290296 ER PT J AU Krakauer, T Hunt, RE Pitt, L AF Krakauer, T Hunt, RE Pitt, L TI Detection of interleukin-6 and interleukin-2 in serum of rhesus monkeys exposed to a nonlethal dose of staphylococcal enterotoxin B SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID T-CELLS; SUPERANTIGENS; TOXICITY; MICE; MHC AB The immune response to a nonlethal dose of aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEE) was studied in nonhuman primates to define the potential human host response to a nonlethal exposure of SEE on the battlefield. Serum levels of the cytokines interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) increased significantly (p < 0.01) in six juvenile rhesus monkeys 4 hours after receiving a nonlethal, inhaled dose of SEE. The mean (+/-SD) peak serum levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were 63 +/- 39 units/ml and 514 +/- 234 pg/ml, respectively, post-SEE treatment. Tumor necrosis factor, known to be associated with SEE-mediated lethal toxic shock, was undetectable in all samples. gamma-Interferon concentrations were also elevated, but not significantly (p < 0.089). Hence, elevated levels of IL-2 and IL-6 might be used as a serological marker for a nonlethal, incapacitating exposure to SEB. RP Krakauer, T (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT IMMUNOL & MOL BIOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 162 IS 9 BP 612 EP 615 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU718 UT WOS:A1997XU71800009 PM 9290297 ER PT J AU Viola, J Adams, D Ditzler, T Lettich, L Batzer, W Berigan, T Harazin, J AF Viola, J Adams, D Ditzler, T Lettich, L Batzer, W Berigan, T Harazin, J TI Pharmacological management of post-traumatic stress disorder: Clinical summary of a five-year retrospective study, 1990-1995 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL; CARBAMAZEPINE; FLUOXETINE; VALPROATE; TRIAL AB Beginning in 1990, the Department of Psychiatry, Tripler Army Medical Center developed a formal treatment program for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Between 1990 and 1996, 632 patients, the vast majority of whom suffered from combat-related PTSD, were treated. Historically, many PTSD patients were treated with benzodiazepines, often in high dosages. The risks attendant to benzodiazepine management of PTSD, coupled with poor clinical outcome, prompted the staff to explore treatment alternatives. This paper describes the role of pharmacotherapy in the management of PTSD, The medications described in this paper have other primary uses in clinical practice (e.g., hypertension, insomnia, seizure control, depression, and anxiety). Medications were selected for use based on the putative modes of action and the degree of symptom relief. The therapeutic rationale was to decrease hyperarousal and sleep disturbance to permit the patients to engage in other psychotherapeutic efforts. RP Viola, J (reprint author), TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96859, USA. NR 21 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 162 IS 9 BP 616 EP 619 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU718 UT WOS:A1997XU71800010 PM 9290298 ER PT J AU Farris, PW AF Farris, PW TI Case managed mental health care in the San Antonio catchment area: The crisis-intervention unit SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Through the use of government nursing case management, this crisis-focused inpatient psychiatric program provided cost-effective and therapeutically directed services to Civilian Health and Medical Program for the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS)-eligible beneficiaries in the San Antonio catchment area, Using managed care principles and a continuum-based case management model, these services were provided in local contracted civilian facilities, This acute care mental health program directly saved Brooke Army Medical Center 1.1 million mental health dollars and saved 7.7 million CHAMPUS dollars in total cost avoidance. Program costs were minimal, resulting in a 557% return on investment, A joint Army/Air Force endeavor, the program was originally administered by the Coordinated Care Division, Brooke Army Medical Center as a CHAMPUS recapture initiative, Currently under TRICARE management, the program continues intact as a managed care mental health service alternative. RP Farris, PW (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,COORDINATED CARE DIV,3851 ROGER BROOKE DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 162 IS 9 BP 628 EP 635 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU718 UT WOS:A1997XU71800013 PM 9290301 ER PT J AU Angeloni, VL Walker, DH Keller, RA AF Angeloni, VL Walker, DH Keller, RA TI Rickettsialpox-like illness in a traveler SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th Sesqui-Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Rickettsiology-and-Rickettsial-Diseases CY MAR 10-13, 1996 CL PACIFIC GROVE, CA SP Amer Soc Rickettsiol & Rickettsial Dis ID FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; SPOTTED-FEVER; PERMETHRIN; INFECTION; CONORII; RASH AB A patient presented after a trip to South Africa with a febrile illness and rash that was consistent with either rickettsial-pox or mild boutonneuse fever. The clinical, laboratory, and geographic overlap of these diseases makes differentiation difficult in certain situations, Several different rickettsial infections may cause an eschar and a rash that may be papulovesicular, From a clinical perspective, distinguishing these diseases is not critically important as long as therapy with tetracycline is implemented, More precise identification of the etiologic agent could be required in certain military situations because the preventive measures employed for some of these diseases may be significantly different. RP Angeloni, VL (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DERMATOL SERV MCHE MDD,BLDG 3600,3851 ROGER BROOKE DR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 162 IS 9 BP 636 EP 639 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA XU718 UT WOS:A1997XU71800014 PM 9290302 ER PT J AU Garcia, GE Wirtz, RA Rosenberg, R AF Garcia, GE Wirtz, RA Rosenberg, R TI Isolation of a substance from the mosquito that activates Plasmodium fertilization SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gametogenesis; transduction; Plasmodium; mosquito; exflagellation ID MALARIA AB We have isolated a small, heat stabile, hydrophilic molecule from the gut lumen of unfed, female Anopheles stephensi that is a potent inducer of gametogenesis in Plasmodium falciparum and P. gallinaceum al a hydrogen ion concentration, pH 7.4, that normally suppresses activation. This gamete activation factor (GAF) was purified using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography and determined to have a major ion m/z of 206.1 by low resolution electrospray mass spectrometry. The molecule, which was also found in the heads of both female and male A. stephensi, absorbed light in the ultraviolet region at three maxima (lambda(max) = 213, 245 and 350 nm); the 245/350 nm absorbance ratio was 7.0. The structure of the molecule and its normal function in the mosquito are not yet known, but in a sample of diverse insect species, extracts from those that feed on blood were bioactive. We propose that GAF is the previously observed malaria exflagellation factor (MEF). (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT ENTOMOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BIOCHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 88 IS 1-2 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/S0166-6851(97)00086-8 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA XR365 UT WOS:A1997XR36500013 PM 9274874 ER PT J AU Gerloni, M Ballou, WR Billetta, R Zanetti, M AF Gerloni, M Ballou, WR Billetta, R Zanetti, M TI Immunity to Plasmodium falciparum malaria sporozoites by somatic transgene immunization SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE vaccine design; DNA immunization; malaria ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; DIRECT GENE-TRANSFER; PLASMID DNA; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; T-CELL; ANTIBODY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNOGENICITY; PROTECTION AB Immunity against the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum was induced using somatic transgene immunization, a method to effectively target B lymphocytes in vivo. A single inoculation of plasmid DNA containing an immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene coding in the complementarity-determining region 3 for three repeats of the sequence Asn-Ala-Asn-Pro (NANP), a B-cell epitope of Fl falciparum sporozoites, induced antibodies against NANP in all mice. A booster with an antibody antigenized with the NANP peptide, or challenge with P. falciparum sporozoites, demonstrated the establishment of immunologic memory, Immunity to a parasite antigen can be induced by exploiting mechanisms in which B lymphocytes are both the source of the immunogen as well as the effector mechanism of immunity. The results indicate that somatic transgene immunization is a potential approach for vaccination against foreign pathogens. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT MED,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,CTR CANC,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT IMMUNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI36467] NR 42 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1087-0156 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 15 IS 9 BP 876 EP 881 DI 10.1038/nbt0997-876 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA XW410 UT WOS:A1997XW41000030 PM 9306403 ER PT J AU McDonough, JH Shih, TM AF McDonough, JH Shih, TM TI Neuropharmacological mechanisms of nerve agent-induced seizure and neuropathology SO NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE nerve agent; organophosphorus compounds; seizures; neuropathology; soman; sarin; tabun; VX; cholinergic; anticonvulsants; anticholinergic drugs; benzodiazepines; excitatory amino acid receptors; NMDA receptors; excitatory; amino acid antagonists; excitotoxicity ID SOMAN-INDUCED SEIZURES; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR SOMAN; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; ORGANO-PHOSPHORUS COMPOUND; STATUS EPILEPTICUS MODEL; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; INDUCED CONVULSIONS; KAINIC ACID; LONG-TERM AB This paper proposes a three phase ''model'' of the neuropharmacological processes responsible for the seizures and neuropathology produced by nerve agent intoxication. Initiation and early expression of the seizures are cholinergic phenomenon; anticholinergics readily terminate seizures at this stage and no neuropathology is evident. However, if not checked, a transition phase occurs during which the neuronal excitation of the seizure per se perturbs other neurotransmitter systems: excitatory amino acid (EAA) levels increase reinforcing the seizure activity; control with anticholinergics becomes less effective; mild neuropathology is occasionally observed. With prolonged epileptiform activity the seizure enters a predominantly non-cholinergic phase: it becomes refractory to some anticholinergics; benzodiazepines and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists remain effective as anticonvulsants, but require anticholinergic co-administration; mild neuropathology is evident in multiple brain regions. Excessive influx of calcium due to repeated seizure-induced depolarization and prolonged stimulation of NMDA receptors is proposed as the ultimate cause of neuropathology. The model and data indicate that rapid and aggressive management of seizures is essential to prevent neuropathology from nerve agent exposure. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP McDonough, JH (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,DIV PHARMACOL,3100 RICKETTS POINT RD,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 200 TC 311 Z9 318 U1 5 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0149-7634 J9 NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R JI Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 21 IS 5 BP 559 EP 579 DI 10.1016/S0149-7634(96)00050-4 PG 21 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA YC280 UT WOS:A1997YC28000003 PM 9353792 ER PT J AU Wack, RP Lien, EL Taft, D Roscelli, JD AF Wack, RP Lien, EL Taft, D Roscelli, JD TI Electrolyte composition of human breast milk beyond the early postpartum period SO NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE breast milk; electrolytes; breast-feeding; sodium; potassium; chloride; lactose; infant nutrition; variation ID HUMAN LACTATION; GROWTH; INFANT; VOLUME AB The electrolyte composition of breast milk beyond 6 months postpartum has not been extensively examined, particularly chloride concentrations. A total of 140 samples of breast milk from 30 breast-feeding mothers were collected and analyzed. Mean mother's values +/- standard error of sodium (141 +/- 17 mg/L), potassium (480 +/- 11 mg/L), and chloride (452 +/- 32 mg/L) were found to be stable after 4 months postpartum until weaning commenced. Considerable variability was found for each constituent, equally divided between intra-individual and inter-individual for chloride and potassium, and predominantly intra-individual for sodium and lactose. In light of reported nutritional deficiency states involving electrolytes in exclusively breast-fed infants, it is possible that the variability of breast milk electrolyte concentrations may adversely affect infant nutrition in selected cases of older exclusively breast-fed infants. (C) Elsevier Science Inc, 1997. C1 WYETH NUTR INT,PHILADELPHIA,PA. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0899-9007 J9 NUTRITION JI Nutrition PD SEP PY 1997 VL 13 IS 9 BP 774 EP 777 DI 10.1016/S0899-9007(97)00187-1 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA XU431 UT WOS:A1997XU43100006 PM 9290089 ER PT J AU Sharma, A Posey, R Phillips, L George, T Ruffin, P AF Sharma, A Posey, R Phillips, L George, T Ruffin, P TI Four-wave mixing in non-step-index optical fibers: A sensitive technique for measurement of refractive-index profiles SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; INTERFERENCE; SYSTEMS AB Investigation of four-wave mixing 6.4-mu m core-diameter fiber with 520-610-nm pump light is used to develop a new technique for characterizing the refractive-index profiles of non-step-index fibers. Deviation from the step-index profile is measured. Small variations in the refractive index between different segments of the same commercial fiber is measured with a sensitivity of 0.0001. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America. C1 USA,MISSILE COMMAND,AMSMI RD MG NC,REDSTONE ARSENAL,AL 35898. RP Sharma, A (reprint author), ALABAMA A&M UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NORMAL,AL 35762, USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 17 BP 1311 EP 1313 DI 10.1364/OL.22.001311 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA XU425 UT WOS:A1997XU42500011 PM 18188223 ER PT J AU Kalro, V Tezduyar, T AF Kalro, V Tezduyar, T TI Parallel 3D computation of unsteady flows around circular cylinders SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE large-scale problems; parallel computations; 3D cylinder flows; LES ID FINITE-ELEMENT COMPUTATION; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; WAKE; DYNAMICS AB In this article we present parallel 3D finite element computation of unsteady incompressible flows around circular cylinders. We employ stabilized finite element formulations to solve the Navier-Stokes equations on a thinking machine CM-5 supercomputer. The time integration is based on an implicit method, and the coupled, nonlinear equations generated every time step are solved iteratively, with an element-vector based evaluation technique, This strategy enables us to carry out these computations with millions of coupled, nonlinear equations, and thus resolve the flow features in great detail. At Reynolds number 300 and 800, our results indicate strong 3D features arising from the instability of the columnar vortices forming the Karman street. At Re = 10,000 we employ a large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence model. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP Kalro, V (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT AEROSP ENGN & MECH, ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR, 1100 WASHINGTON AVE S, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55415 USA. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 24 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1235 EP 1248 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(97)00050-1 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA YG851 UT WOS:A1997YG85100003 ER PT J AU Ray, SE Wren, GP Tezduyar, TE AF Ray, SE Wren, GP Tezduyar, TE TI Parallel implementations of a finite element formulation for fluid-structure interactions in interior flows SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE finite elements; fluid-structure interactions; interior flows; shared-memory multiprocessors ID COMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; COMPUTATION; SIMULATION AB In this paper, shared-memory parallel implementations of a finite element formulation for unsteady interior flows with fluid-structure interactions are presented. The parallel computing platforms targeted are the CRAY C90, the Silicon Graphics (SGI) ONYX and the SGI Power Challenge. The formulation is based on the stabilized space-time finite element method developed earlier for a more general class of flow problems involving moving boundaries and interfaces. The specific rest problem used in the performance evaluations involves fluid-structure interactions between a barotropic working fluid and one of the two pistons surrounding this fluid. We demonstrate that advanced formulations applicable to complex problems can be implemented in a parallel computing environment without resulting in a significant distraction from the scientific objectives of solving such complex problems. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 USA,RES LAB,WEAP & MAT RES DIRECTORATE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21005. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT AEROSP ENGN & MECH,ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1279 EP 1292 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(97)00053-7 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA YG851 UT WOS:A1997YG85100006 ER PT J AU Tezduyar, T Kalro, V Garrard, W AF Tezduyar, T Kalro, V Garrard, W TI Parallel computational methods for 3D simulation of a parafoil with prescribed shape changes SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE parallel finite elements; parafoil dynamics; space-time formulation; 3D simulation ID FINITE-ELEMENT COMPUTATION; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; MOVING BOUNDARIES; INTERFACES; ALGORITHM AB In this paper we describe parallel computational methods for 3D simulation of the dynamics and fluid dynamics of a parafoil with prescribed, time-dependent shape changes. The mathematical model is based on the time-dependent, 3D Navier-Stokes equations governing the incompressible flow around the parafoil and Newton's law of motion governing the dynamics of the parafoil, with the aerodynamic forces acting on the parafoil calculated from the flow field. The computational methods developed for these 3D simulations include a stabilized space-time finite element formulation to accommodate for the shape changes, special mesh generation and mesh moving strategies developed for this purpose, iterative solution techniques for the large, coupled nonlinear equation systems involved, and parallel implementation of all these methods on scalable computing systems such as the Thinking Machines CM-5. As an example, we report 3D simulation of a flare maneuver in which the parafoil velocity is reduced by pulling down the flaps. This simulation requires solution of over 3.6 million coupled, nonlinear equations at every time step of the simulation. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. RP Tezduyar, T (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA, ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR, 1100 WASHINGTON AVE S, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55415 USA. RI Tezduyar, Tayfun/F-6134-2012 OI Tezduyar, Tayfun/0000-0001-8707-3162 NR 24 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1349 EP 1363 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(97)00057-4 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA YG851 UT WOS:A1997YG85100010 ER PT J AU Yeckel, A Derby, JJ AF Yeckel, A Derby, JJ TI Parallel computation of incompressible flows in materials processing: Numerical experiments in diagonal preconditioning SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE incompressible flow; finite element method; preconditioning; iterative solution; linear systems ID LID-DRIVEN CAVITY; FINITE-ELEMENT COMPUTATIONS; MASSIVELY-PARALLEL; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; SYSTEMS; VISUALIZATION; SIMULATION; STABILITY AB Massively parallel computing is enabling dramatic advances in the simulation of three-dimensional flows in materials processing systems. This study focuses on the efficiency and robustness of parallel algorithms applied to such systems. Specifically, various diagonal preconditioning schemes are tested for the iterative solution of the linear equations arising from Newton's method applied to finite element discretizations. Two finite element discretizations are considered -- the classical Galerkin and the Galerkin/least-squares method. Results show that the choice of preconditioning method can greatly influence the rate of convergence, but that no type worked uniformly well in all cases. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMP RES CTR, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. RI Derby, Jeffrey/B-9706-2009; OI Derby, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6418-2155 NR 38 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 23 IS 9 BP 1379 EP 1400 DI 10.1016/S0167-8191(97)00059-8 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA YG851 UT WOS:A1997YG85100012 ER PT J AU Rosenberger, AT Sung, CC Pethel, SD Bowden, CM AF Rosenberger, AT Sung, CC Pethel, SD Bowden, CM TI Classical model for high-field ionization suppression in a short-range potential SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID HIGH-FREQUENCY; LASER FIELDS; STABILIZATION; PHOTOIONIZATION; SUPERINTENSE; ATOMS AB The high-field ionization rate of a one-dimensional atomic model using a Gaussian potential well is calculated classically. The results are in qualitative agreement with quantum calculations; for sufficiently strong fields the ionization rate decreases, in an oscillatory manner, with increasing field strength. In addition, some apparent disagreements in the literature are resolved by pointing out the distinction between interpretations of suppression as a reduction in ionization rate or as a reduction in ionization probability. Similarly, the relation between ionization suppression and stabilization is discussed, and as an example it is shown that the present results do not contradict earlier claims of no stabilization in short-range potentials. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PHYS,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. USA,MISSILE COMMAND,CTR RES DEV & ENGN,WEAP SCI DIRECTORATE,AMSMI RD WS ST,REDSTONE ARSENAL,AL 35898. RP Rosenberger, AT (reprint author), OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,STILLWATER,OK 74078, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 3 BP 2459 EP 2462 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.56.2459 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA XV840 UT WOS:A1997XV84000104 ER PT J AU Pelletiere, S AF Pelletiere, S TI Muslim politics - Eickelman,DF, Piscatori,J SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP Pelletiere, S (reprint author), USA, WAR COLL, WASHINGTON, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 USA SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 112 IS 3 BP 516 EP 517 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA YC407 UT WOS:A1997YC40700024 ER PT J AU Pelletiere, S AF Pelletiere, S TI Islam and democracy - Esposito,JL, Voll,JO SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP Pelletiere, S (reprint author), USA, WAR COLL, WASHINGTON, DC 20310 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 USA SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD FAL PY 1997 VL 112 IS 3 BP 516 EP 517 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA YC407 UT WOS:A1997YC40700023 ER PT J AU Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL Watanabe, KS AF Armstrong, SC Cozza, KL Watanabe, KS TI The misdiagnosis of delirium SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID PSYCHIATRIC-CONSULTATION; POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM; HOSPITAL PATIENTS; ELDERLY PATIENTS; PROGNOSIS; PREDICTORS; DISORDERS AB The authors examined the ability of nonpsychiatric house staff to accurately diagnose delirium at the time of consultation. Of 222 consultations over a 5-year period, 46% were misdiagnosed by the house staff House staff on the general medicine wards and the nonintensive care unit environment did significantly better than those on the surgical wards and intensive care units, Age, gender and race of the patient did not overall influence incorrect diagnoses; however when a misdiagnosis occurred, women were more often given a diagnosis of a depressive disorder whereas men were more often given a ''no diagnosis'' label. Finally, the consultees improved over an academic year in accurately identifying women as delirious, whereas no such learning curve existed for men. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Armstrong, SC (reprint author), WILLMAR REG TREATMENT CTR,WILLMAR,MN 56201, USA. NR 20 TC 74 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD SEP-OCT PY 1997 VL 38 IS 5 BP 433 EP 439 PG 7 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA XY302 UT WOS:A1997XY30200003 PM 9314712 ER PT J AU Kesling, KL Reinker, KA AF Kesling, KL Reinker, KA TI Scoliosis in twins - A meta-analysis of the literature and report of six cases SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; twins ID IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS AB Study Design. This study is a meta-analysis of the world's literature on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Additionally, six previously unreported cases of scoliosis in twins are presented. Objectives. To compare and contrast the concordance, severity, and curve patterns in monozygotic and dizygotic twins with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in an attempt to document a genetic etiology and delineate inheritance patterns for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Summary of Background Data, There are numerous case reports of twins sets with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, However, this data has not been previously analyzed as a single data base. Methods. The literature was searched for cases of twins with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, and six cases of patients treated by authors were added. One hundred cases of sets of twins were discovered, 68 of which had sufficient data for comparative analysis. Each set was evaluated for monozygosity, concordance of scoliosis, curve pattern, and severity of curve. Results. Thirty-seven sets of twins were monozygous, and 31 sets were dizygous. Concordance was 73% among monozygous twins and 36% among dizygous twins. The difference is statistically significant at P < 0.003. Curve severity could be compared in 20 sets of monozygous twins and 16 sets of dizygous twins. Among monozygous twins, there was a correlation coefficient of r = 0.399 (P < 0.126). Curve pattern comparison was not statistically significant. Conclusions. Monozygous twins have a significantly higher rate of concordance than dizygous twins, and the curves in monozygous twins develop and progress together. Based on these data, there is strong evidence for a genetic etiology for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. C1 SHINERS HOSP CRIPPLED CHILDREN,HONOLULU UNIT,HONOLULU,HI 96826. TRIPLER ARMY MED CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96859. NR 38 TC 104 Z9 125 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD SEP 1 PY 1997 VL 22 IS 17 BP 2009 EP 2014 DI 10.1097/00007632-199709010-00014 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA XV941 UT WOS:A1997XV94100014 PM 9306532 ER PT J AU Watts, RJ Porter, AL AF Watts, RJ Porter, AL TI Innovation forecasting SO TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE LA English DT Article ID TECHNOLOGY; DIFFUSION AB Technological forecasting is premised on a certain orderliness of the innovation process. Myriad studies of technological substitution, diffusion, and transfer processes have yielded conceptual models of what matters for successful innovation, but most technological forecasts key on limited empirical measures quite divorced from those innovation process models. We glean a number of concepts from various innovation models, then present an array of bibliometric measures that offer the promise of operationalizing these concepts. Judicious combination of such bibliometrics with other forms of evidence offers an enriched form of technological forecasting we call ''innovation forecasting.'' This provides a good means to combine technological trends, mapping of technological interdependencies, and competitive intelligence to produce a viable forcast. We illustrate by assessing prospects for ceramic engine technologies. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 USA,TACOM,WARREN,MI. GEORGIA TECH,TECHNOL POLICY & ASSESSMENT CTR,ATLANTA,GA. RI Mafutsana, Mopedi/C-5157-2015 NR 41 TC 113 Z9 115 U1 3 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0040-1625 J9 TECHNOL FORECAST SOC JI Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 56 IS 1 BP 25 EP 47 DI 10.1016/S0040-1625(97)00050-4 PG 23 WC Business; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA XT870 UT WOS:A1997XT87000002 ER PT J AU Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS Nicholson, JD Adler, M AF Sheridan, RE Deshpande, SS Nicholson, JD Adler, M TI Structural features of aminoquinolines necessary for antagonist activity against botulinum neurotoxin SO TOXICON LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIAL NEUROTOXINS; MALARIA PARASITES; NERVE-TERMINALS; INHIBITION; MECHANISM; CHANNELS; TOXIN AB Certain aminoquinoline antimalarial compounds, such as chloroquine, antagonize the paralytic actions of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT). These studies have been extended to determine the critical structural groups necessary for synthetic aminoquinolines to have antagonist activity against BoNT. Isolated mouse hemidiaphragms were maintained at 36 degrees C and indirectly stimulated; the resulting isometric twitch tensions were recorded as a measure of synaptic function. The muscles were exposed to the test compounds before being treated with a challenge concentration of BoNT (typically 0.2 nM of serotype A). The time to onset of 50% muscle paralysis due to BoNT was used to assess quantitatively the efficacy of the test compounds, which were then ranked on the basis of the concentrations necessary to delay paralysis by a specified time increment. Of the compounds tested, those having a 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline configuration, similar to chloroquine (or the structurally similar 6-chloro-9-amino acridine group in quinacrine), were most effective. Truncation of the alkyl-amino-alkyl group from chloroquine and conversion of the 4-amino nitrogen to a primary amine did not significantly alter its effectiveness as a BoNT antagonist, However, the 6-chloro- or 8-chloro-isomers of chloroquine were essentially ineffective. These results suggest that aminoquinolines antagonize the paralytic actions of BoNT through interaction with a selective, stereospecific site that is not well correlated with antimalarial activity. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 DAKKRO CORP,EDGEWOOD,MD 21040. RP Sheridan, RE (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST CHEM DEF,NEUROTOXICOL BRANCH,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 20 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD SEP PY 1997 VL 35 IS 9 BP 1439 EP 1451 DI 10.1016/S0041-0101(96)00208-5 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA YG152 UT WOS:A1997YG15200007 PM 9403967 ER PT J AU Prewitt, PL AF Prewitt, PL TI Army job standard v. training standard SO TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material RP Prewitt, PL (reprint author), USA,ARMOR CTR SCH,FT KNOX,KY 40121, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TRAINING DEVELOPMENT PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1640 KING ST, BOX 1443, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22313-2043 SN 1055-9760 J9 TRAINING DEV JI Train. Dev. PD SEP PY 1997 VL 51 IS 9 BP 52 EP 53 PG 2 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA XW735 UT WOS:A1997XW73500023 ER PT J AU Brown, AE Jackson, B Fuller, SA Sheffield, J Cannon, MA Lane, JR AF Brown, AE Jackson, B Fuller, SA Sheffield, J Cannon, MA Lane, JR TI Viral RNA in the resolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 diagnostic serology SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID TESTING PROGRAM; HIV-1 ANTIBODY; BLOOD-DONORS; PERFORMANCE; AIDS AB BACKGROUND: Assays for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody testing are characterized by very high levels of sensitivity and specificity Nonetheless, serologic testing of HIV-infected individuals before they produce multispecific HIV antibodies will not detect and confirm those individuals as positive for HIV. This study was carried out to determine whether viral RNA in such specimens is delectable in a quantitative RNA polymerase chain reaction assay. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Study specimens were identified through the United States military HIV testing program. Thirty-five individuals were studied whose HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection status was serologically inconclusive at initial testing (i.e., reactive on enzyme immunoassay, nondiagnostic or nonreactive on Western blot), but who were documented to be infected (n = 15) or uninfected (n = 20) through the testing of subsequently collected (follow-up) sera. HIV-1 RNA was detected in sera by the use of a commercially available, quantitative, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS: Specimens from 15 individuals subsequently confirmed to be positive for HIV antibody were all positive for HIV-1 RNA, Specimens from 19 of 20 individuals subsequently confirmed to be negative for HIV antibody were negative for HIV-1 RNA. In the one HIV-1 RNA-positive serum from this group, the RNA copy number was low; specimen contamination during prior laboratory testing was suspected. CONCLUSION: Viral RNA was detected in specimens collected for serologic diagnosis of HIV infection in which no special precautions had been taken to preserve the nucleic acid. Such molecular methods potentially add a much needed tool to current HIV testing algorithms. C1 COMBINED MIL DIAGNOST RETROVIROL SERV, ROCKVILLE, MD 20307 USA. SRA TECHNOL INC, LAB OPERAT, ROCKVILLE, MD 20889 USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, COMBINED MIL DIAGNOST RETROVIROL SERV, WASHINGTON, DC USA. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, NAVY CENT HIV PROGRAM, COMBINED MIL DIAGNOST RETROVIROL SERV, BETHESDA, MD USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 9 BP 926 EP 929 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37997454019.x PG 4 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XW211 UT WOS:A1997XW21100009 PM 9308639 ER PT J AU Chaffin, DJ AF Chaffin, DJ TI Effect of a transfusion medicine educational electronic mail program on transfusion ordering practices. SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 9 SU S BP S326 EP S326 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XW275 UT WOS:A1997XW27500326 ER PT J AU Spruell, P Lacey, P Bradford, MF Moulds, M DuranSuarez, JR Copeland, SA Henry, J George, SL AF Spruell, P Lacey, P Bradford, MF Moulds, M DuranSuarez, JR Copeland, SA Henry, J George, SL TI Incidence of hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-D-w. SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 METHODIST HOSP,HOUSTON,TX 77030. GAMMA BIOL INC,HOUSTON,TX. REYNOLDS ARMY HOSP,FT SILL,OK. BLOOD CTR SE LOUISIANA,NEW ORLEANS,LA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 1997 VL 37 IS 9 SU S BP S169 EP S169 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA XW275 UT WOS:A1997XW27500169 ER EF