FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Ajani, UA
Ford, ES
Mokdad, AH
AF Ajani, UA
Ford, ES
Mokdad, AH
TI Examining the coverage of influenza vaccination among people with
cardiovascular disease in the United States
SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; REDUCED RISK; MORTALITY; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION;
VALIDATION; REDUCTION; EPIDEMIC; IMPACT; VIRUS
AB Background People with chronic cardiovascular conditions are at increased risk of developing complications from relative common influenza infection.
Methods We examined the coverage of influenza vaccination during the past 12 months among people with cardiovascular disease (CVD) using data from the National Health Interview Survey 2002.
Results The coverage of influenza vaccination among people with CVD was observed to be less than optimum (32.7%) after adjusting for age. Among separate components studied, the coverage of influenza vaccination was highest among people with congestive heart failure (37.1%) and lowest among people with stroke (31.4%). Hypertension was the most commonly reported condition with influenza vaccination coverage of 32.6%. Only 22% of people with CVD aged <50 years reported receiving influenza vaccine in the past 12 months. For people in higher age groups with CVD, the coverage was 40.5% and 69.9% among people aged 50 to 64 years and >= 65 years, respectively.
Conclusions People with CVID, especially those <50 years of age, should be encouraged to receive influenza vaccination to prevent influenza-related cardiovascular complications.
C1 CDCP, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Ajani, UA (reprint author), CDCP, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM uajani@cdc.gov
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0002-8703
J9 AM HEART J
JI Am. Heart J.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 149
IS 2
BP 254
EP 259
DI 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.07.028
PG 6
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 906MD
UT WOS:000227645400024
PM 15846262
ER
PT J
AU Brown, DW
Croft, JB
Giles, WH
Anda, RF
Mensah, GA
AF Brown, DW
Croft, JB
Giles, WH
Anda, RF
Mensah, GA
TI Epidemiology of pacemaker procedures among medicare enrollees in 1990,
1995, and 2000
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARDIAC PACING PRACTICES; UNITED-STATES
AB Using Medicare hospital claims records and beneficiary enrollment data, the investigators describe the epidemiology of inpatient pacemaker procedures (international Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 37.80 to 37.89) in Medicare enrollees. From 1990 to 2000, the age-standardized inpatient pacemaker procedure prevalence (per 100,000 enrollees) increased from 325.4 to 504.4 in all Medicare beneficiaries. The prevalence increased significantly with age; was less for women than for men; and was less for blacks, Hispanics, and Asians than for whites. (C) 2005 by Excerpta Medica Inc.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cardiovasc Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Brown, DW (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM dbrown6@cdc.gov
OI Mensah, George/0000-0002-0387-5326
NR 8
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA
SN 0002-9149
J9 AM J CARDIOL
JI Am. J. Cardiol.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 3
BP 409
EP 411
DI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.09.046
PG 3
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 892WD
UT WOS:000226679800022
PM 15670557
ER
PT J
AU Morris, MC
Evans, DA
Tangney, CC
Bienias, JL
Wilson, RS
Aggarwal, NT
Scherr, PA
AF Morris, MC
Evans, DA
Tangney, CC
Bienias, JL
Wilson, RS
Aggarwal, NT
Scherr, PA
TI Relation of the tocopherol forms to incident Alzheimer disease and to
cognitive change
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE vitamin E; alpha-tocopherol; gamma-tocopherol; beta-tocopherol;
delta-tocopherol; antioxidant nutrients; Alzheimer disease; cognitive
function; Chicago Health and Aging Project
ID FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; VITAMIN-E; GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL;
APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; COMMUNITY POPULATION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL;
DIETARY-INTAKE; OLDER PERSONS; RISK; REPRODUCIBILITY
AB Background: High intake of vitamin E from food (tocopherol), but not from supplements (which usually contain a-tocopherol), is inversely associated with Alzheimer disease.
Objective: We examined whether food intakes of vitamin E, a-tocopherol equivalents (a measure of the relative biologic activity of tocopherols and tocotrienols), or individual tocopherols would protect against incident Alzheimer disease and cognitive decline over 6 y in participants of the Chicago Health and Aging Project.
Design: The 1993-2002 study of community residents aged 65 y included the administration of 4 cognitive tests and clinical evaluations for Alzheimer disease. Dietary assessment was by food-frequency questionnaire.
Results: Tocopherol intake from food was related to the 4-y incidence of Alzheimer disease determined by logistic regression in 1041 participants who were clinically evaluated (n = 162 incident cases) and to change in a global cognitive score determined by mixed models in 3718 participants. Higher intakes of vitamin E (relative risk: 0.74 per 5 mg/d increase; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.88) and a-tocopherol equivalents (relative risk: 0.56 per 5 mg/d increase; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.98) were associated with a reduced incidence of Alzheimer disease in separate multiple-adjusted models that included intakes of saturated and trans fats and docosahexaenoic acid. alpha- and gamma-Tocopherol had independent associations. In separate mixed models, a slower rate of cognitive decline was associated with intakes of vitamin E, a-tocopherol equivalents, and alpha- and gamma-tocopherols.
Conclusion: The results suggest that various tocopherol forms rather than a- tocopherol alone may be important in the vitamin E protective association with Alzheimer disease.
C1 Rush Univ, Rush Inst Hlth Aging, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Dept Internal Med, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Dept Clin Nutr, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Dept Neurol Sci, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Dept Psychol, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Morris, MC (reprint author), Rush Univ, Rush Inst Hlth Aging, Med Ctr, 1645 W Jackson,Suite 675, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
EM martha_c_morris@rush.edu
FU NIA NIH HHS [AG11101, AG13170]
NR 45
TC 140
Z9 152
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 2
BP 508
EP 514
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 896OJ
UT WOS:000226943100025
PM 15699242
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, CF
Burnett, CA
AF Robinson, CF
Burnett, CA
TI Truck drivers and heart disease in the United States, 1979-1990
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE ischemic heart disease; smoking; occupational risk factors; long haul
truck drivers; smoking; cardiovascular; lung cancer; mortality
ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LUNG-CANCER; MORTALITY;
DEATH; OCCUPATION; MECHANISMS; ACCURACY; SMOKING
AB Background Studies of truck drivers and cardiovascular disease (CVD), myocardial infarction, or ischemic heart disease (IHD) are limited, although studies of other professional drivers reported increased risk.
Methods US mortality data from 1979 to 1990 for ages 15-90 were used to calculate proportional mortality ratios (PMRs)for heart disease and lung cancer for short and long haul truck drivers. Analysis was performed for Black (998 short haul and 13,241 long haul) truck drivers and White (4,929 short and 74,315 long haul) truck drivers separately.
Results The highest significantly elevated proportionate heart disease (IHD. acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and other forms of heart disease) and lung cancer mortality was found for White and Black male long haul truck drivers age 15-54. Mortalin; was not significantly elevated for short haul truck drivers of either race or gender nor for truck drivers who died after age 65, except for lung cancer among White males. An indirect adjustment suggested that smoking could explain the excess IHD mortality, but no direct data for smoking or the other known risk factors for heart disease were available and occupational exposures were not measured.
Conclusions The highest significant excess proportionate mortality for lull a cancer, IHD and AMI was found for long haul truck drivers who were under a age 55 at death. A cohort or longitudinal study of heart disease among long haul truck drivers, that obtains data for occupational exposures as well as lifestyle risk factors, could help explain inconsistencies between the findings of this and previous studies. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger)
C1 NIOSH, Hlth Related Energy Res Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
RP Robinson, CF (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Related Energy Res Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Mail Stop R-44,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM cfr2@cdc.gov
NR 38
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0271-3586
J9 AM J IND MED
JI Am. J. Ind. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 47
IS 2
BP 113
EP 119
DI 10.1002/ajim.20126
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 892BO
UT WOS:000226624900003
PM 15662648
ER
PT J
AU Brinsley, K
Srinivasan, A
Sinkowitz-Cochran, R
Lawton, R
McIntyre, R
Kravitz, G
Burke, B
Shadowen, R
Cardo, D
AF Brinsley, K
Srinivasan, A
Sinkowitz-Cochran, R
Lawton, R
McIntyre, R
Kravitz, G
Burke, B
Shadowen, R
Cardo, D
TI Implementation of the campaign to prevent antimicrobial resistance in
Healthcare settings: 12 steps to prevent antimicrobial resistance among
hospitalized adults - Experiences from 3 institutions
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
ID ENTEROCOCCI; INFECTIONS
C1 US Dept HHS, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
United Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, St Paul, MN USA.
Boston Med Ctr, Dept Hosp Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA.
Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis & Epidemiol, Bowling Green, KY USA.
RP Brinsley, K (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E68, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM aof4@cdc.gov
NR 6
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0196-6553
J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL
JI Am. J. Infect. Control
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 1
BP 53
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2004.12.003
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 899SL
UT WOS:000227165100011
PM 15685136
ER
PT J
AU Ford, ES
Giles, WH
Mokdad, AH
Ajani, UA
AF Ford, ES
Giles, WH
Mokdad, AH
Ajani, UA
TI Microalbuminuria and concentrations of antioxidants among US adults
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE albuminuria; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; carotenoids; health surveys;
selenium; vitamin E
ID URINARY ALBUMIN EXCRETION; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; BRITISH POPULATION;
EPIC-NORFOLK; DISEASE; MORTALITY; RISK; HYPERTENSION; PREDICTOR; DEATH
AB Background: Microalbuminuria may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Increased oxidative stress, which may be important in the pathophysiological process of cardiovascular disease, occurs frequently in people with microalbuminuria and could depress their antioxidant concentrations, which then could contribute to end-organ damage associated with microalbuminuria. Methods: We examined associations between microalbuminuria and circulating concentrations of vitamins A, C, and E and carotenoids in 9,575 US adults aged 20 years or older who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988 to 1994). Results: After adjustment for age, sex, race or ethnicity, education, smoking status, cotinine concentration, physical activity, alcohol use, fruit and vegetable intake, vitamin or mineral use during the past 24 hours, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, insulin, and C-reactive protein concentrations, concentrations of beta-cryptoxanthin (odds ratio for quartile of highest concentration compared with quartile of lowest concentration, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.38 to 0.82), lutein/zeaxanthin (odds ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.37 to 0.94), lycopene (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.46 to 0.89), and total carotenoids (odds ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.38 to 0.75) were associated inversely with microalbuminuria. Vitamin C, vitamin E, and selenium concentrations were not significantly associated with microalbuminuria. Conclusion: People with microalbuminuria may have reduced concentrations of selected antioxidants. Additional research is needed to examine the relationships between microalbuminuria and antioxidant status, mechanisms for depletion of antioxidants, and possible benefits from increased intake of antioxidants through dietary change or the use of supplements in people with microalbuminuria.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM eford@cdc.gov
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU W B SAUNDERS CO
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA
19106-3399 USA
SN 0272-6386
J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS
JI Am. J. Kidney Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 2
BP 248
EP 255
DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.09.024
PG 8
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 896CU
UT WOS:000226913000002
PM 15685501
ER
PT J
AU Beck, LF
Gilbert, BC
Shults, RA
AF Beck, LF
Gilbert, BC
Shults, RA
TI Prevalence of seat belt use among reproductive-aged women and prenatal
counseling to wear seat belts
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE injury; seat belt; counseling; prenatal care
ID MOTOR-VEHICLE CRASHES; PREGNANT-WOMEN; FETAL OUTCOMES; MATERNAL DEATH;
SAFETY; TRAUMA; RESTRAINT; PROVIDERS; INJURIES; IMPACT
AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of counseling to wear seat belts during pregnancy and seat belt use among women of reproductive age.
Study design: Self-reported data from 2 population-based surveys were used to examine counseling to wear seat belts during pregnancy and seat belt use among reproductive-aged women.
Results: The prevalence of counseling to wear seat belts during pregnancy ranged from 36.7% to 56.5% across 19 states. The prevalence of seat belt use among reproductive-aged women ranged from 69.5% to 91.4% across 19 states. Younger, non-Hispanic black, and less educated pregnant women were more likely to report counseling, but reproductive-aged women with these characteristics were less likely than older, non-Hispanic white, and more educated women to use seat belts.
Conclusion: Most women are not counseled about seat belt use during pregnancy. Providers should ensure that this topic is discussed with each patient. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Beck, LF (reprint author), NCIPC, CDC, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM LBeck@cdc.gov
NR 41
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0002-9378
J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 192
IS 2
BP 580
EP 585
DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.07.027
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 897FI
UT WOS:000226989000042
PM 15696006
ER
PT J
AU Bacak, SJ
Callaghan, WM
Dietz, PM
Crouse, C
AF Bacak, SJ
Callaghan, WM
Dietz, PM
Crouse, C
TI Pregnancy-associated hospitalizations in the United States, 1999-2000
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE pregnancy hospitalizations; pregnancy complications; pregnancy loss;
maternal morbidity
ID COMPLICATIONS; MANAGEMENT
AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine nondelivery, pregnancy- associated hospitalizations in the United States and the factors associated with them.
Study design: Population-based nondelivery hospitalizations during pregnancy were obtained from the 1999 and 2000 National Hospital Discharge Survey. Ratios of hospitalizations per 100 deliveries were calculated and analyzed by age, race, and payment source.
Results: The pregnancy-associated hospitalization ratio for 1999 through 2000 was 12.8 per 100 deliveries (95% CI, 11.8-13.8). Hospitalizations were highest among young women, African American women, and women without private insurance. Preterm labor, nausea and/or vomiting, and genitourinary complications accounted for one half of antenatal hospitalizations.
Conclusion: Pregnancy-associated hospitalizations declined during the 1990s. This may represent a decline in maternal morbidity or a change in management of pregnancy complications. Future research should be expanded to assess trends in morbidity treated in settings outside of hospitals. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Bacak, SJ (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,NE,Mailstop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
EM sbacak@cdc.gov
NR 17
TC 55
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0002-9378
J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 192
IS 2
BP 592
EP 597
DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.10.638
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 897FI
UT WOS:000226989000044
PM 15696008
ER
PT J
AU Hahn, R
AF Hahn, R
CA Task Force on Community Preventive
TI Recommendations to reduce violence through early childhood home
visitation, therapeutic foster care, and firearms laws
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID PROGRAMS; OUTCOMES
C1 CDC, Community Guide, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Hahn, R (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-90,Room 4403, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM RHahn@cdc.gov
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
EI 1873-2607
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
SU 1
BP 6
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.001
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 898DY
UT WOS:000227057600003
ER
PT J
AU Bilukha, O
Hahn, RA
Crosby, A
Fullilove, MT
Liberman, A
Moscicki, E
Snyder, S
Tuma, F
Corso, P
Schofield, A
Briss, PA
AF Bilukha, O
Hahn, RA
Crosby, A
Fullilove, MT
Liberman, A
Moscicki, E
Snyder, S
Tuma, F
Corso, P
Schofield, A
Briss, PA
CA Task Force on Community Preventive
TI The effectiveness of early childhood home visitation in preventing
violence - A systematic review
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HEALTHY START PROGRAM; BIRTH-WEIGHT
INFANTS; 15-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; ABUSE PREVENTION; ANTISOCIAL-BEHAVIOR;
AT-RISK; SERVICES; OUTCOMES; NEGLECT
C1 CDCP, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CDCP, Natl Ctr Injury Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Columbia Univ, Dept Psychiat & Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA.
Natl Inst Justice, Washington, DC USA.
NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), CDCP, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-90, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM RHahn@cdc.gov
NR 75
TC 72
Z9 77
U1 2
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
SU 1
BP 11
EP 39
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.004
PG 29
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 898DY
UT WOS:000227057600004
PM 15698746
ER
PT J
AU Hahn, RA
Bilukha, O
Crosby, A
Fullilove, MT
Liberman, A
Moscicki, E
Snyder, S
Tuma, F
Briss, PA
AF Hahn, RA
Bilukha, O
Crosby, A
Fullilove, MT
Liberman, A
Moscicki, E
Snyder, S
Tuma, F
Briss, PA
CA Task Force on Community Preventive
TI Firearms laws and the reduction of violence - A systematic review
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID COMMUNITY-PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; CARRY CONCEALED HANDGUNS;
DISTRICT-OF-COLUMBIA; GUN-CONTROL LAWS; UNITED-STATES; SUICIDE RATES;
HOMICIDE; CRIME; IMPACT; CANADA
C1 CDCP, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol Program Off, Violence Prevent Rev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CDCP, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Columbia Univ, Dept Psychiat & Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA.
Natl Inst Justice, Washington, DC USA.
NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), CDCP, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol Program Off, Violence Prevent Rev, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-90, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM RHahn@cdc.gov
NR 120
TC 52
Z9 54
U1 2
U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
SU 1
BP 40
EP 71
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.005
PG 32
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 898DY
UT WOS:000227057600005
PM 15698747
ER
PT J
AU Hahn, RA
Bilukha, O
Lowy, J
Crosby, A
Fullilove, MT
Liberman, A
Moscicki, E
Snyder, S
Tuma, F
Corso, P
Schofield, A
AF Hahn, RA
Bilukha, O
Lowy, J
Crosby, A
Fullilove, MT
Liberman, A
Moscicki, E
Snyder, S
Tuma, F
Corso, P
Schofield, A
CA Task Force on Community Preventive
TI The effectiveness of therapeutic foster care for the prevention of
violence - A systematic review
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID SERVICES; OFFENDERS; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; BEHAVIOR
C1 CDCP, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CDCP, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Columbia Univ, Natl Ctr Hlth Marketing, Div Sci Commun, New York, NY USA.
Natl Inst Justice, Washington, DC USA.
NIMH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), CDCP, Community Guide Branch, Epidemiol Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-90, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM Rhahn@cdc.gov
NR 50
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
SU 1
BP 72
EP 90
DI 10.1016/j.ampre.2004.10.007
PG 19
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 898DY
UT WOS:000227057600006
PM 15698748
ER
PT J
AU Frank, LD
Schmid, TL
Sallis, JF
Chapman, J
Saelens, BE
AF Frank, LD
Schmid, TL
Sallis, JF
Chapman, J
Saelens, BE
TI Linking objectively measured physical activity with objectively measured
urban form - Findings from SMARTRAQ
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTER-SCIENCE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; COMMUNITY DESIGN; ACTIVITY MONITOR;
LAND-USE; ADULTS; INC.; TRANSPORTATION; PARTICIPATION; ACCELEROMETER
AB Background: To date, nearly all research on physical activity and the built environment is based on self-reported physical activity and perceived assessment of the built environment.
Objective: To assess how objectively measured levels of physical activity are related with objectively measured aspects of the physical environment around each participant's home while controlling for sociodemographic covariates.
Methods: Objective measures of the built environment unique to each household's physical location were developed within a geographic information system to assess land-use mix, residential density, and street connectivity. These measures were then combined into a walkability index. Accelerometers were deployed over a 2-day period to capture objective levels of physical activity in 357 adults.
Results: Measures of land-use mix, residential density, and intersection density were positively related with number of minutes of moderate physical activity per day. A combined walkability index of these urban form factors was significant (p =0.002) and explained additional variation in the number of minutes of moderate activity per day over sociodemographic covariates. Thirty-seven percent of individuals in the highest walkability index quartile met the :30 minutes of physical activity recommended, compared to only 18% of individuals in the lowest walkability quartile. Individuals in the highest walkability quartile were 2.4 times more likely (confidence interval = 1. 18 - 4.88) than individuals in the lowest walkability quartile to meet the recommended 30 minutes of moderate physical activity per day.
Conclusions: This research supports the hypothesis that community design is significantly associated with moderate levels of physical activity. These results support the rationale for the development of policy that promotes increased levels of land-use mix, street connectivity, and residential density as interventions that can have lasting public health benefits.
C1 Univ British Columbia, Sch Community & Reg Planning, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA.
San Diego State Univ, Dept Psychol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
Lawrence Frank & Co Inc, Atlanta, GA USA.
Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Frank, LD (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Sch Community & Reg Planning, 1933 W Mall,Room 231, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
EM ldfrank@interchange.ubc.ca
RI Freeman, Lance/B-8774-2009
NR 28
TC 505
Z9 512
U1 4
U2 101
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
SU 2
BP 117
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.11.001
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 898DZ
UT WOS:000227057700004
PM 15694519
ER
PT J
AU Tao, GY
Patterson, E
Lee, LM
Sansom, S
Teran, S
Irwin, KL
AF Tao, GY
Patterson, E
Lee, LM
Sansom, S
Teran, S
Irwin, KL
TI Estimating prenatal syphilis and HIV screening rates for commercially
insured women
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES;
INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CARE PROVIDERS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; TRANSMISSION;
PHYSICIANS; QUALITY; COST
AB Objective: Although routine serologic testing for syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for all pregnant women, is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and many health professional organizations, little is known about the extent of prenatal syphilis and HIV screening rates among commercially insured pregnant women.
Methods: A claims database for a large commercially insured population was analyzed to estimate syphilis and HIV screening rates for pregnant women who were continuously enrolled in the same health insurance plan during 1998 and 1999 in, 13 U.S. states. Diagnostic and procedural services were used to determine pregnancy status, receipt of prenatal care, and syphilis and HIV testing during pregnancy.
Results: Of 13,250 identified pregnancies, 12,156 (92%) were among women who had prenatal visits; 8368 (63%) included claims for syphilis testing; and 4411 (33%) included claims for HIV testing. Of the 8368 pregnancies with syphilis testing, 6326 (76%) included syphilis tests that were performed during the initial prenatal visit. Of the 4411 pregnancies with HIV testing, 3168 (72%): included HIV testing on the initial prenatal visit. Of 4249 pregnancies with syphilis and HIV testing, 3146 (74%) included HIV testing and syphilis testing on the initial prenatal visit.
Conclusions: Most HIV and syphilis tests had been provided during initial prenatal visits among women who had HIV and syphilis testing. Prenatal screening rates for syphilis and HIV identified through claims were lower than expected. This may be due to deficiencies in documentation of syphilis and HIV screening in administrative databases or actual screening rates. Further investigation is needed to determine how accurately claims data can measure actual screening practices. (C) 2005 American journal of Preventive Medicine.
C1 CDCP, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CDCP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Penn, Dept Demog, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Tao, GY (reprint author), CDCP, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM gat3@cdc.gov
NR 36
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
BP 175
EP 181
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.09.001
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 897EK
UT WOS:000226986600005
PM 15710273
ER
PT J
AU Strine, TW
Okoro, CA
Chapman, DP
Balluz, LS
Ford, ES
Ajani, UA
Mokdad, AH
AF Strine, TW
Okoro, CA
Chapman, DP
Balluz, LS
Ford, ES
Ajani, UA
Mokdad, AH
TI Health-related quality of life and health risk behaviors among smokers
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SELF-REPORTED SMOKING; CIGARETTE-SMOKING;
MENTAL-HEALTH; VALIDITY; COHORT
AB Background: It is well established that smoking has detrimental effects on physical health, but its associations with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and a variety of health behaviors have not been widely investigated in the U.S. population.
Methods: Data obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey of non-institutionalized persons aged greater than or equal to18 years in the United States, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, were used in this investigation. The BRFSS monitors the prevalence of key health- and safety-related behaviors and characteristics. In 2001 and 2002 combined, trained interviewers administered HRQOL questions in 23 states and the District of Columbia (n=82,918). This analysis was conducted in 2004.
Results: Overall, an estimated 22.4% of adults were current smokers, 24.1% were former smokers, and 53.6% never smoked. Current smokers had significantly poorer HRQOL than those who had never smoked, and were more likely to drink heavily, to binge drink, and to report depressive and anxiety symptoms. Additionally, current smokers were significantly more likely than those who never smoked to be physically inactive, to report frequent sleep impairment, to report frequent pain, and to eat less than five servings of fruits and vegetables per day.
Conclusions: While there are strong positive relationships between smoking and both alcohol consumption and mood disturbance, smoking is also associated with an array of other modifiable risk factors meriting assessment and intervention. In addition to smoking cessation, the increased morbidity and mortality characterizing smokers may potentially be further reduced by improvements in diet, physical activity, and sleep. (C) 2005 American journal of Preventive Medicine.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Communtiy Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Strine, TW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Communtiy Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM tws2@cdc.gov
NR 36
TC 104
Z9 110
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
BP 182
EP 187
DI 10.1016/j.ampre.2004.10.002
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 897EK
UT WOS:000226986600006
PM 15710274
ER
PT J
AU Murphy-Hoefer, R
Griffith, R
Pederson, LL
Crossett, L
Iyer, SR
Hiller, MD
AF Murphy-Hoefer, R
Griffith, R
Pederson, LL
Crossett, L
Iyer, SR
Hiller, MD
TI A review of interventions to reduce tobacco use in colleges and
universities
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID SMOKING CESSATION; CONTROL POLICIES; YOUNG-ADULTS; NATIONAL-SURVEY;
CIGARETTE USE; STUDENTS; BEHAVIOR; PROGRAM; IDENTIFICATION; RECRUITMENT
AB Background: Interventions have been designed to reduce the prevalence of smoking in college/ university students. This review presents a summary and synthesis of the interventions published in English from 1980 to the present.
Methods: Seven databases were searched for relevant published articles, and reference lists were examined for additional published studies. The studies were categorized as (1) individual approaches, such as on-campus cessation programs, and (2) institutional approaches, such as smoke-free policies. The studies were categorized by type of institution and geographic location, study design, sample demographics, and outcomes.
Results: Fourteen studies were identified; only five received a "satisfactory" rating based on evaluation criteria. Most studies were based on convenience samples, and were conducted in 4-year institutions. Seven studies used comparison groups, and three were multi-institutional. Individual approaches included educational group sessions and/or individual counseling that were conducted on campus mostly by healthcare personnel. None used nicotine replacement or other medications for cessation. The quit rates for both smokeless tobacco, and cigarette users varied, depending on definitions and duration of follow-up contact. Institutional interventions focused mainly on campus smoking restrictions, smoke-free policies, antitobacco messages, and cigarette pricing.
Results indicated that interventions can have a positive influence on student behavior, specifically by reducing tobacco use (i.e., prevalence of cigarette smoking and use of smokeless products, amount smoked) among college students, and increasing acceptability of smoking policies and campus restrictions among both tobacco users and nonusers.
Conclusions: While some promising results have been noted, rigorous evaluations of a wider range of programs are needed, along with studies that address cultural and ethnic diversity on campuses. (C) 2005 American journal of Preventive Medicine.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Div Adolescent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Murphy-Hoefer, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Mail Stop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM zfg1@cdc.gov
NR 57
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
BP 188
EP 200
DI 10.1016/j.ampere.2004.10.015
PG 13
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 897EK
UT WOS:000226986600007
PM 15710275
ER
PT J
AU Kammerer, JS
McNabb, SJN
Becerra, JE
Rosenblum, L
Shang, N
Iademarco, MF
Navin, TR
AF Kammerer, JS
McNabb, SJN
Becerra, JE
Rosenblum, L
Shang, N
Iademarco, MF
Navin, TR
TI Tuberculosis transmission in nontraditional settings - A decision-tree
approach
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTACT INVESTIGATIONS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; MOLECULAR
EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE NETWORK; POPULATION; OUTBREAK
AB Background: Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in nontraditional settings and relationships (non-TSR) often eludes detection by conventional contact investigation and is increasingly common. The U.S.-based National Tuberculosis Genotyping and Surveillance Network collected epidemiologic data and genotyping results of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from 1996 to 2000.
Methods: In 2003-2004, we determined the number and characteristics of TB patients in non-TSR that were involved in recent transmission, generated a decision tree to profile those patients, and performed a case-control study to identify predictors of being in non-TSR.
Results: Of 10,844 culture-positive reported TB cases that were genotyped, 4724 (43.6%) M. tuberculosis isolates were clustered with at least one other isolate. Among these, 520 (11%) had epidemiologic linkages discovered during conventional contact investigation or cluster investigation and confirmed by genotyping results. The decision tree identified race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white or black) as having the greatest predictive ability to determine patients in non-TSR, followed by being aged 15 to 24 years and, having positive or unknown HIV infection status. From the 520, 85 (16.4%) had non-TSR, and 435 (83.6%) had traditional settings and relationships (TSR). In multivariate analyses, patients in non-TSR were significantly more likely than those in TSR to be non-Hispanic white (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=6.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.7-21.1]) or to have an M. tuberculosis isolate resistant to rifampin (aOR=5.2; 95, CI= 1.5-17.7).
Conclusions: Decision-tree analyses can be used to enhance both the efficiency and effectiveness of TB prevention and control activities in identifying patients in non-TSR. (C) 2005 American journal: of Preventive Medicine.
C1 CDCP, Epidemiol Team, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Div TB Eliminat,Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Kammerer, JS (reprint author), CDCP, Epidemiol Team, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Div TB Eliminat,Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM fzk3@cdc.gov
RI Becerra, Jose/C-4071-2014
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
BP 201
EP 207
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.011
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 897EK
UT WOS:000226986600008
PM 15710276
ER
PT J
AU Allred, NJ
Shaw, KM
Santibanez, TA
Rickert, DL
Santoli, JM
AF Allred, NJ
Shaw, KM
Santibanez, TA
Rickert, DL
Santoli, JM
TI Parental vaccine safety concerns - Results from the National
Immunization Survey, 2001-2002
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID HEALTH BELIEFS; ATTITUDES; CHILDREN; UNDERIMMUNIZATION; PEDIATRICIANS;
KNOWLEDGE; PERTUSSIS; RISK
AB Background: According to the 2002 National Immunization Survey (NIS), vaccination coverage with recommended vaccines among U.S. children aged 19 to 35 months remained near all-time highs. Sustaining this high coverage requires significant effort, including consideration of parental vaccine safety concerns that have led to decreasing coverage in other countries.
Methods: The Parental Knowledge and Experiences module was administered to a random subset of NIS respondents from July 2001 to December 2002. The module included questions regarding attitudes toward vaccine safety and side effects, simultaneous vaccine administration, and acceptance of new vaccines. Multivariate logistic regression analyses examined associations between attitudes and up-to-date (UTD) vaccination coverage (four or more doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine, three or more doses of poliovirus vaccine, one or more doses of any measles-containing vaccine, three or more doses of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, and three or more doses of hepatitis B vaccine), while controlling for demographics.
Results: Ninety-three percent of parents rated vaccines as safe, 6% as neither safe nor unsafe, and 1% as unsafe. After adjusting for demographics, parental safety belief was significantly associated with the child's, vaccination status. For children whose parents believed vaccines are safe, the odds of being UTD were 2.9 times the odds of being UTD for children of parents who believed vaccines are unsafe (75% vs. 53%, respectively). Children whose parents were neutral about the safety of vaccines had vaccination coverage similar to children whose parents believed vaccines are unsafe.
Conclusions: A significant association with vaccine coverage was found for a small group of parents with high vaccine safety concerns. Strategies focused on safety concerns may yield better protection for these children. (C) 2005 American journal of Preventive Medicine.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Allred, NJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM nallred@cdc.gov
NR 20
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 3
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 2
BP 221
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.014
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 897EK
UT WOS:000226986600011
PM 15710279
ER
PT J
AU VanDevanter, NL
Messeri, P
Middlestadt, SE
Bleakley, A
Merzel, CR
Hogben, M
Ledsky, R
Malotte, K
Cohall, RM
Gift, TL
Lawrence, JSS
AF VanDevanter, NL
Messeri, P
Middlestadt, SE
Bleakley, A
Merzel, CR
Hogben, M
Ledsky, R
Malotte, K
Cohall, RM
Gift, TL
Lawrence, JSS
TI A community-based intervention designed to increase preventive health
care seeking among adolescents: The Gonorrhea community action project
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; ACCESS
AB Objectives. We evaluated the effectiveness of an intervention designed to increase preventive health care seeking among adolescents.
Methods. Adolescents and young adults aged 12 to 21 years, recruited from community-based organizations in 2 different communities, were randomized into either a 3-session intervention or a control condition. We estimated outcomes from 3-month follow-up data using logistic and ordinary least squares regression.
Results. Female intervention participants were significantly more likely than female control participants to have scheduled a health care appointment (odds ratio [OR] = 3.04), undergone a checkup (OR = 2.87), and discussed with friends or family members the importance of undergoing a checkup (OR = 45). There were no differences between male intervention and male control participants in terms of outcomes.
Conclusions. This theory-driven, community-based group intervention significantly increased preventive health care seeking among female adolescents. Further research is needed, however, to identify interventions that will produce successful outcomes among male adolescents.
C1 Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Appl Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA.
Acad Educ Dev, Washington, DC USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Hlth Sci, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
RP VanDevanter, NL (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Appl Publ Hlth, 722 W 168th St,12th Floor, New York, NY 10032 USA.
EM nlv1@columbia.edu
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0090-0036
J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH
JI Am. J. Public Health
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 2
BP 331
EP 337
DI 10.2105/AJPH.2003.028357
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 895HG
UT WOS:000226851000032
PM 15671472
ER
PT J
AU Tauras, JA
Chaloupka, FJ
Farrelly, MC
Giovino, GA
Wakefield, M
Johnston, LD
O'Malley, PM
Kloska, DD
Pechacek, TF
AF Tauras, JA
Chaloupka, FJ
Farrelly, MC
Giovino, GA
Wakefield, M
Johnston, LD
O'Malley, PM
Kloska, DD
Pechacek, TF
TI State tobacco control spending and youth smoking
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTROL PROGRAM; IMPACT
AB Objective. We examined the relationship between state-level tobacco control expenditures and youth smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption.
Methods. We estimated a 2-part model of cigarette demand using data from the 1991 through 2000 nationally representative surveys of 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-grade students as part of the Monitoring the Future project.
Results. We found that real per capita expenditures on tobacco control had a negative and significant impact on youth smoking prevalence and on the average number of cigarettes smoked by smokers.
Conclusions. Had states represented by the Monitoring the Future sample and the District of Columbia spent the minimum amount of money recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of smoking among youths would have been between 3.3% and 13.5% lower than the rate we observed over this period.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Econ MC 144, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Illinois, Ctr Hlth Policy, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Hlth Behav, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA.
Univ Michigan, Inst Social Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Tauras, JA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Econ MC 144, 601 S Morgan, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
EM tauras@uic.edu
RI Wakefield, Melanie/E-5019-2012; O'Malley, Patrick/B-1582-2016; Johnston,
Lloyd/B-2150-2016
OI O'Malley, Patrick/0000-0001-9000-2824; Johnston,
Lloyd/0000-0001-7254-7935
FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA001411]
NR 29
TC 73
Z9 75
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0090-0036
J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH
JI Am. J. Public Health
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 2
BP 338
EP 344
DI 10.2105/AJPH.2004.039727
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 895HG
UT WOS:000226851000033
PM 15671473
ER
PT J
AU Harrington, LC
Scott, TW
Lerdthusnee, K
Coleman, RC
Costero, A
Clark, GG
Jones, JJ
Kitthawee, S
Kittayapong, P
Sithiprasasna, R
Edman, JD
AF Harrington, LC
Scott, TW
Lerdthusnee, K
Coleman, RC
Costero, A
Clark, GG
Jones, JJ
Kitthawee, S
Kittayapong, P
Sithiprasasna, R
Edman, JD
TI Dispersal of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti within and between rural
communities
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID MARK-RELEASE-RECAPTURE; PUERTO-RICO; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; STICKY OVITRAPS;
POPULATION-SIZE; VILLAGE; MOVEMENT; SURVIVAL; THAILAND; BLOOD
AB Knowledge of mosquito dispersal is critical for vector-borne disease control and prevention strategies and for understanding population structure and pathogen dissemination. We determined Aedes aegypti flight range and dispersal patterns from 21 mark-release-recapture experiments conducted over 11 years (1991-2002) in Puerto Rico and Thailand. Dispersal was compared by release location, sex, age, season, and village. For all experiments, the majority of mosquitoes were collected from their release house or adjacent house. Inter-village movement was detected rarely, with a few mosquitoes moving a maximum of 512 meters from one Thai village to the next. Average dispersal distances were similar for males and females and females released indoors versus outdoors. The movement of Ae. aegypti was not influenced by season or age, but differed by village. Results demonstrate that adult Ae. aegypti disperse relatively short distances. suggesting that people rather than mosquitoes are the primary mode of dengue virus dissemination within and among communities.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA USA.
Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok, Thailand.
NIAID, Entomol Sect, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA.
Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Bangkok, Thailand.
Mahidol Univ, Ctr Vectors & Vector Borne Dis, Bangkok, Thailand.
RP Harrington, LC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
EM lch27@cornell.edu; twscott@ucdqavis.edu; Colemanre@amedd.army.mil;
acostero@niaid.hih.gov; ggc1@cdc.gov; james.jones@afrims.org;
grskt@mucc.mahidol.ac.th; grpkt@mucc.mahidol.ac.th; ratanas@afrims.org;
jdedman@ucdavis.edu
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-22119]
NR 36
TC 241
Z9 246
U1 3
U2 37
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 2
BP 209
EP 220
PG 12
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 903CE
UT WOS:000227402200017
PM 15741559
ER
PT J
AU White, JF
Levin, L
Villareal, M
Murphy, K
Biagini, R
Wellinghoff, L
St Clair, HG
Bernstein, DI
AF White, JF
Levin, L
Villareal, M
Murphy, K
Biagini, R
Wellinghoff, L
St Clair, HG
Bernstein, DI
TI Lack of correlation between regional pollen counts and percutaneous
reactivity to tree pollen extracts in patients with seasonal allergic
rhinitis
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SHORT RAGWEED ALLERGEN; T-CELL RESPONSES; CROSS-REACTIVITY; AIRBORNE
POLLEN; PLANT; AMB
AB Background: Although seasonal patterns of tree pollination have been reported, it is unknown if aerobiologic data correlate with patterns of in vivo sensitization.
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between regional tree pollen exposure and patterns of in vivo percutaneous reactivity to specific tree pollen extracts in a local patient population with seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Methods: Patients with spring seasonal allergic rhinitis and percutaneous sensitivity to 1 or more regional tree pollens were studied. Tree pollen counts were collected at the same urban site from 1997 to 2002 and at a suburban site in 2002. Patients underwent skin prick testing with commercial extracts of 15 indigenous tree species. Serum specific IgE measurements were assayed in a subset of sensitized patients.
Results: Of 127 patients who reported symptoms consistent with seasonal allergic rhinitis during the spring pollen season, 93 qualified based on demonstration of at least 1 positive skin prick test result. Mean 5-year pollen counts (1997-2001) and 2002 urban counts were highly correlated (Spearman r = 0.95, P <.001), indicating that year-to-year pollen counts were consistent. No significant correlation was found between mean seasonal pollen counts (urban site, 1997-2001) and frequencies of skin prick test reactivity to specific tree pollen allergens (Spearman r = -0.03, P =.93). No significant relationship was found between 5-year mean tree pollen counts and positive serum specific IgE tests for specific tree pollens (Spearman r = -0.42, P =.30). Eight of 15 species elicited percutaneous reactions in more than 50% of patients (ie, satisfying definition of a major in vivo allergen). However, 6 of the 8 major tree allergens each represented 5% or less of 5-year mean total tree pollen counts.
Conclusion: No correlation was found between overall frequencies of in vivo sensitization to tree pollen allergens in a local population and regional pollen exposure data.
C1 Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Allergy Immunol, Dept Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
Bernstein Clin Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA.
NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Hamilton Cty Environm Serv, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Bernstein, DI (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Allergy Immunol, Dept Med, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
EM bernstdd@ucmail.edu
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES11170-01]
NR 24
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY
PI ARLINGTON HTS
PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 94
IS 2
BP 240
EP 246
PG 7
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 900OH
UT WOS:000227223700008
PM 15765739
ER
PT J
AU Budnitz, DS
Pollock, DA
Mendelsohn, AB
Weidenbach, KN
McDonald, AK
Annest, JL
AF Budnitz, DS
Pollock, DA
Mendelsohn, AB
Weidenbach, KN
McDonald, AK
Annest, JL
TI Emergency department visits for outpatient adverse drug events:
Demonstration for a national surveillance system
SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; PREVENTABILITY; INJURIES
AB Study objective: This project demonstrates the operational feasibility and epidemiologic usefulness of modifying a national injury surveillance system for active surveillance of outpatient adverse drug events treated in hospital emergency departments (EDs).
Methods: Coders were trained to identify and report physician-documented adverse drug event's in 9 of 64 National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program hospital EDs (occurring July 17, 2002, to September 30, 2002). Feasibility was measured by timeliness and completeness of adverse drug event reporting. Outcomes (ED discharge disposition and injury type) and associated variables (age, sex, drug category, and adverse drug event mechanism) were measured.
Results: There were 598 patients with physician-documented adverse drug events (7 per 1,000 visits). Nearly 70% of adverse drug event cases were reported within 7 days of the ED visit; key data elements (drug name, disposition from ED, and event description) were completed for more than 98% of cases. Nine percent of patients with adverse drug events were hospitalized, and unintentional overdoses was the most common mechanism of adverse drug events (39%). Patients with unintentional overdoses were more likely to be hospitalized than those with adverse drug reactions (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.9, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 2.2 to 16; adverse-effects referent; allergic reactions, adjusted OR 0.7, 95% Cl 0.2 to 2.4). Warfarin and insulins were associated with 16% of adverse drug events overall and 33% of-adverse drug events in patients aged 50 years or older.
Conclusion: Active surveillance for outpatient adverse drug events using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program is feasible. Ongoing, population-based ED surveillance can help characterize the burden of outpatient adverse drug events, prioritize areas for further research and intervention, and monitor progress on adverse drug event prevention.
C1 CDCP, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Program Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
CDCP, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Injury & Disabil Outcomes & Programs, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Off Drug Safety Food & Drug Adm, Div Surveillance Res & Commun Support, Rockville, MD USA.
Consumer Prod Safety Commiss, Div Hazard & Injury Data Syst, Directorate Epidemiol, Washington, DC USA.
Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Off Stat & Programming, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), CDC, NCIPC, DIDOP, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS-F41, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov
NR 36
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 4
U2 5
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0196-0644
J9 ANN EMERG MED
JI Ann. Emerg. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 2
BP 197
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.09.020
PG 10
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 893GP
UT WOS:000226707600013
PM 15671977
ER
PT J
AU Macaluso, M
Wang, XQ
Brill, I
Fleenor, M
Robey, L
Kelaghan, J
Johnson, C
AF Macaluso, M
Wang, XQ
Brill, I
Fleenor, M
Robey, L
Kelaghan, J
Johnson, C
TI Participation and retention in a study of female condom use among women
at high STD risk
SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE epidemiologic methods; sociodemographic factors; high-risk behavior
ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; INTERVENTION; CLINICS; PREVENTION; DESIGN
AB PURPOSE: Differential participation and retention can bias the findings of a follow-up study. This problem was evaluated in a study of barrier contraception among women at high STD risk. The goal of this study was to identify predictors of participation and retention and determine whether they could influence study results.
METHODS: Six-month follow-up study of women attending STD clinics. Determinants of participation and retention were evaluated using logistic and proportional hazards models.
RESULTS: Agreement to participate was associated with young age, black race, low education and income, older age at first intercourse, the number of lifetime partners, and STD history. Early attrition was associated with young age, non-black race, higher income, lack of interest/commitment to using the female condom, high coital frequency, no STD history, not using a birth control method at baseline, and with inconsistent condom use, high coital frequency, and pregnancy during follow up.
CONCLUSIONS: There was little evidence that differential participation influenced the validity of the study. Differential attrition may have biased behavioral measures of intervention effectiveness, but not necessarily measures of condom use effectiveness. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Jefferson Cty Dept Hlth, Birmingham, AL USA.
Madison Cty Hlth Dept, Huntsville, AL USA.
NICHHD, Contracept & Reprod Hlth Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Macaluso, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM mmacaluso@cdc.gov
RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015
OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690
FU NICHD NIH HHS [N01-HD-1-3135]; ODCDC CDC HHS [U48/CCU409679-02]
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1047-2797
J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL
JI Ann. Epidemiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 2
BP 105
EP 111
DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.005
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 894IR
UT WOS:000226785100004
PM 15652715
ER
PT J
AU Maus, CE
Plikaytis, BB
Shinnick, TM
AF Maus, CE
Plikaytis, BB
Shinnick, TM
TI Mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID CROSS-RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VIOMYCIN RESISTANCE;
RIBOSOMAL-SUBUNIT; DRUG-RESISTANCE; GENOME SEQUENCE; RNA; SMEGMATIS;
KANAMYCIN; METHYLTRANSFERASE
AB Capreomycin, an important drug for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, is a macrocyclic peptide antibiotic produced by Saccharothrix mutabolis subspecies capreolus. The basis of resistance to this drug was investigated by isolating and characterizing capreomycin-resistant strains of Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Colonies resistant to capreomycin were recovered from a library of transposon-mutagenized M. smegmatis. The transposon insertion site of one mutant was mapped to an open reading frame in the unfinished M. smegmatis genome corresponding to the tlyA gene (Rv1694) in the M. tuberculosis H37Rv genome. In M. smegmatis spontaneous capreomycin-resistant mutants, the dyA gene was disrupted by one of three different naturally occurring insertion elements. Genomic DNAs from pools of transposon mutants of M. tuberculosis H37Rv were screened by PCR by using primers to the tlyA gene and the transposon to detect mutants with an insertion in the tlyA gene. One capreomycin-resistant mutant was recovered that contained the transposon inserted at base 644 of the tlyA gene. Complementation with the wild-type dyA gene restored susceptibility to capreomycin in the M. smegmatis and M. tuberculosis tlyA transposon mutants. Mutations were found in the tlyA genes of 28 spontaneous capreomycin-resistant mutants generated from three different M. tuberculosis strains and in the tlyA genes of capreomycin-resistant clinical isolates. In in vitro transcription-translation assays, ribosomes from tlyA mutant but not tlyA(+) strains resist capreomycin inhibition of transcription-translation. Therefore, TlyA appears to affect the ribosome, and mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Emory Univ, Program Microbiol & Mol Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RP Shinnick, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Mail Stop G35,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM tms1@cdc.gov
NR 45
TC 105
Z9 119
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0066-4804
J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH
JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 49
IS 2
BP 571
EP 577
DI 10.1128/AAC.49.2.571-577.2005
PG 7
WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 893HM
UT WOS:000226709900015
PM 15673735
ER
PT J
AU Pletz, MWR
McGee, L
Beall, B
Whitney, CG
Klugman, KP
AF Pletz, MWR
McGee, L
Beall, B
Whitney, CG
Klugman, KP
TI Interspecies recombination in type II topoisomerase genes is not a major
cause of fluoroquinolone resistance in invasive streptococcus pneumoniae
isolates in the United States
SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRIDANS GROUP STREPTOCOCCI; ADULTS
AB Mutations in the topoisomerase type II enzymes account for fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. These mutations can arise spontaneously or be transferred by intraspecies or interspecies recombination, primarily with viridans streptococci. We analyzed the nucleotide sequences of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of 49 invasive levofloxacin-resistant pneumococcal isolates and did not find any evidence for interspecies recombination.
C1 Emory Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Pletz, MWR (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Sch Med, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM mpletz@sph.emory.edu
RI Pletz, Mathias/C-6848-2009;
OI Pletz, Mathias/0000-0001-8157-2753
NR 11
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0066-4804
J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH
JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 49
IS 2
BP 779
EP 780
DI 10.1128/AAC.49.2.779-780.2005
PG 2
WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 893HM
UT WOS:000226709900046
PM 15673766
ER
PT J
AU Borst, A
Raimer, MT
Warnock, DW
Morrison, CJ
Arthington-Skaggs, BA
AF Borst, A
Raimer, MT
Warnock, DW
Morrison, CJ
Arthington-Skaggs, BA
TI Rapid acquisition of stable azole resistance by Candida glabrata
isolates obtained before the clinical introduction of Fluconazole
SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; TRANSPORTER GENE; ALBICANS;
SUSCEPTIBILITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PROPHYLAXIS; INFECTIONS; CORRELATE;
PATIENT
AB Five azole-susceptible Candida glabrata isolates obtained before 1975 became resistant to fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole within 4 days of in vitro fluconazole exposure. This cross-resistance was stable for at least 4 months after removal of fluconazole and was associated with increased CgCDR1 and CgCDR2 expression.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Arthington-Skaggs, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE Mailstop G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM BSkaggs@cdc.gov
NR 28
TC 51
Z9 60
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0066-4804
J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH
JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 49
IS 2
BP 783
EP 787
DI 10.1128/AAC.49.2.783-787.2005
PG 5
WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 893HM
UT WOS:000226709900048
PM 15673768
ER
PT J
AU Whittier, DK
Lawrence, JS
Seeley, S
AF Whittier, DK
Lawrence, JS
Seeley, S
TI Sexual risk Behavior of men who have sex with men: Comparison of
behavior at home and at a gay resort
SO ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Article
DE sexual risk; gay men; vacation; unprotected anal intercourse
ID SAN-FRANCISCO; TRANSMITTED DISEASES; HIV SEROCONVERSION; CLINIC
ATTENDERS; SPRING BREAK; YOUNG MEN; TRAVELERS; PREVALENCE; INCREASES;
GONORRHEA
AB This study compared sexual behavior of gay and bisexual men (N = 551) while at their primary residence to their behavior while vacationing at a gay resort community. Participants reported behavior for the days they spent in the resort and for their last 60 days in their home residences. Overall, I I times more non-main partners were reported for unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) per day while in the resort as for the "at home" period. Regression analysis identified negative attitudes toward condoms, less concern about AIDS, and daily number of non-main, male partners at home with whom UAI occurred as significant predictors of the daily number of non-main male partners with whom holidaymakers engaged in UAI while in the resort area. The results suggest that sexual risk taking by men who have sex with men (MSM) while on holiday may be elevated over that at home and that prevention efforts need to be promoted in gay resorts. Behavioral surveillance research would be helpful in better characterizing the current social contexts of sexual risk taking by MSM. Theory-based studies of the nature of risk-taking and sexual decision-making on "gay holiday" could inform the development of empirically proven and conceptually grounded interventions.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Behav Intervent Re Branch, Div STD Prevnet, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CAMP Rehoboth, Rehoboth, DE USA.
RP Whittier, DK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Behav Intervent Re Branch, Div STD Prevnet, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM dwhittier@cdc.gov
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0004-0002
J9 ARCH SEX BEHAV
JI Arch. Sex. Behav.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 1
BP 95
EP 102
DI 10.1007/s10508-005-1003-y
PG 8
WC Psychology, Clinical; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 907EK
UT WOS:000227698000028
PM 15772772
ER
PT J
AU Bratzler, DW
Houck, PM
Richards, C
Steele, L
Dellinger, EP
Fry, DE
Wright, C
Ma, A
Carr, K
Red, L
AF Bratzler, DW
Houck, PM
Richards, C
Steele, L
Dellinger, EP
Fry, DE
Wright, C
Ma, A
Carr, K
Red, L
TI Use of antimicrobial prophylaxis for major surgery - Baseline results
from The National Surgical Infection Prevention Project
SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
ID COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI; ARTERY BYPASS-SURGERY;
ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; SITE INFECTIONS; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS;
ORTHOPEDIC-SURGERY; CARDIAC-SURGERY; CARDIOVASCULAR-SURGERY; MEDICARE
BENEFICIARIES; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS
AB Hypothesis: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major contributor to patient injury, mortality, and health care costs. Despite evidence of effectiveness of antimicrobials to prevent SSIs, previous studies have demonstrated inappropriate timing, selection, and excess duration of administration of antimicrobial prophylaxis. We herein describe the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis for Medicare patients undergoing major surgery.
Design: National retrospective cohort study with medical record review.
Setting: Two thousand nine hundred sixty-five acute-care US hospitals.
Patients: A systematic random sample of 34133 Medicare inpatients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting; other open-chest cardiac surgery (excluding transplantation); vascular surgery, including aneurysm repair, thromboendarterectomy, and vein bypass operations; general abdominal colorectal surgery; hip and knee total joint arthroplasty (excluding revision surgery); and abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy from January I through November 30, 2001.
Main Outcome Measures: The proportion of patients who had parenteral antimicrobial prophylaxis initiated within 1 hour before the surgical incision; the proportion of patients who, were given a prophylactic antimicrobial agent that was consistent with currently published guidelines; and the proportion of patients whose antimicrobial prophylaxis was discontinued within 24 hours after surgery.
Results: An antimicrobial dose was administered to 55.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 54.8%-56.6%) of patients within I hour before incision. Antimicrobial agents consistent with published guidelines were administered to 92.6% (95% Cl, 92.3%-92.8%) of the patients. Antimicrobial prophylaxis was discontinued within 24 hours of surgery end time for only 40.7% (95% Cl, 40.2%-41.2%) of patients.
Conclusion: Substantial opportunities exist to improve the use of prophylactic antimicrobials for patients undergoing major surgery.
C1 Oklahoma Fdn Med Qual Inc, Oklahoma City, OK 73134 USA.
Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Surg, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
RP Bratzler, DW (reprint author), Oklahoma Fdn Med Qual Inc, 14000 Quail Springs Pkwy,Suite 400, Oklahoma City, OK 73134 USA.
EM dbratzler@okqio.sdps.org
NR 79
TC 274
Z9 294
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA
SN 0004-0010
EI 1538-3644
J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO
JI Arch. Surg.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 140
IS 2
BP 174
EP 182
DI 10.1001/archsurg.140.2.174
PG 9
WC Surgery
SC Surgery
GA 894JF
UT WOS:000226786600014
PM 15724000
ER
PT J
AU Donlan, RM
Forster, T
Murga, R
Brown, E
Lucas, C
Carpenter, J
Fields, B
AF Donlan, RM
Forster, T
Murga, R
Brown, E
Lucas, C
Carpenter, J
Fields, B
TI Legionella pneumophila associated with the protozoan Hartmannella
vermiformis in a model multi-species biofilm has reduced susceptibility
to disinfectants
SO BIOFOULING
LA English
DT Article
DE Legionella pneumophila; biofilm; Hartmannella vermiformis; protozoa;
potable water; free chlorine; monochloramine
ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; DRINKING-WATER; TAP WATER;
SURVIVAL; MONOCHLORAMINE; GROWTH; SURVEILLANCE; INACTIVATION;
ACANTHAMOEBA
AB Legionella pneumophila will infect biofilm-associated protozoa, and in this way might be protected from disinfectants in potable water systems. A base biofilm containing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Flavobacterium spp. was grown on steel coupons in potable water prior to the addition of L. pneumophila and the protozoan H. vermiformis. After 7 d, coupons were removed and treated with 0.5 mg 1(-1) free residual chlorine (FRC) or 0.5 mg l(-1) monochloramine (MCA) for 15, 60, or 180 min or 24 h. In a second experiment, only L. pneumophila and the base biofilm organisms were present but with an identical treatment protocol. Treatment of L. pneumophila for 180 min in a system without H. vermiformis resulted in log reductions of 2.07 and 2.11 for FRC and MCA, respectively. When H. vermiformis was present, however, the treatment resulted in log reductions of 0.67 and 0.81 for FRC and MCA, respectively. A similar pattern was observed for 15 and 60 min contact times. These results indicate that L. pneumophila was less susceptible to MCA or FRC when associated with biofilm-associated H. vermiformis in a model potable water biofilm.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Lab Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Donlan, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop C-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM rld8@cdc.gov
NR 24
TC 45
Z9 47
U1 1
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0892-7014
J9 BIOFOULING
JI Biofouling
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 1
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1080/08927010500044286
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 938HF
UT WOS:000229989800001
PM 16019386
ER
PT J
AU Simon, MS
Korczak, JF
Yee, CL
Daling, JR
Malone, KE
Bernstein, L
Marchbanks, PA
Folger, SG
McDonald, JA
Norman, SA
Strom, BL
Deapen, D
Ursin, G
Burkman, RT
Press, MF
Schwartz, AG
Spirtas, R
AF Simon, MS
Korczak, JF
Yee, CL
Daling, JR
Malone, KE
Bernstein, L
Marchbanks, PA
Folger, SG
McDonald, JA
Norman, SA
Strom, BL
Deapen, D
Ursin, G
Burkman, RT
Press, MF
Schwartz, AG
Spirtas, R
TI Racial differences in the familial aggregation of breast cancer and
other female cancers
SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE African-American; case-control study; Caucasian; epidemiology; familial
clustering; familial risk; gynecological cancers
ID UTAH POPULATION DATABASE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; RISK; HISTORY; ONSET;
BRCA1; VALIDATION; RELATIVES; SURVIVAL; WOMEN
AB Although breast cancer familial aggregation has been studied in Caucasians, information for African-Americans is scant. We used family cancer history from the Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences study to assess the aggregation of breast and gynecological cancers in African-American and Caucasian families. Information was available on 41,825 first and second-degree relatives of Caucasian and 28,956 relatives of African American participants. We used a cohort approach in which the relative's cancer status was the outcome in unconditional logistic regression and adjusted for correlated data using generalized estimating equations. Race-specific models included a family history indicator, the relative's age, and type. Relative risk (RR) estimates for breast cancer were highest for first-degree relatives, and the overall RR for breast cancer among case relatives was 1.96 (95% CI = 1.68-2.30) for Caucasian and 1.78 (95% CI = 1.41-2.25) for African-Americans. The effect of CARE participants' reference age on their relatives' breast cancer risk was greatest among first-degree relatives of African-American patients with RRs (95% CI) for ages <45 and greater than or equal to45 of 2.97 (1.86-4.74) and 1.48 (1.14-1.92), respectively. Among Caucasians, first-degree relatives of case subjects were at greater risk for ovarian cancer, particularly relatives younger than 45 years (RR (95% CI) = 2.06 (1.02-4.12)), whereas African-American first-degree relatives of case subjects were at increased cervical cancer risk (RR (95% CI) = 2.17 (1.22-3.85). In conclusion, these racially distinct aggregation patterns may reflect different modes of inheritance and/or environmental factors that impact cancer risk.
C1 Wayne State Univ, Barbara Ann Karmanos Canc Inst, Div Hematol & Oncol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
Wayne State Univ, Karmanos Canc Inst, Div Epidemiol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Baystate Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Springfield, MA USA.
NICHHD, Contracept & Reprod Hlth Branch, Populat Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Simon, MS (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Barbara Ann Karmanos Canc Inst, Div Hematol & Oncol, 4100 John R,4221 Hudson,Weber Canc Res Bldg, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
EM Simonm@karmanos.org
FU NCI NIH HHS [CN65064]; NICHD NIH HHS [Y01-HD-7022, N01-HD-3-3176,
N01-HD-3-3175, N01-HD-3-3174, N01-HD-2-3166, N01-HD-3-3168]
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0167-6806
J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR
JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 89
IS 3
BP 227
EP 235
DI 10.1007/s10549-004-2046-9
PG 9
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 904RC
UT WOS:000227514400003
PM 15754120
ER
PT J
AU Ford, ES
Mokdad, AH
Ajani, UA
Liu, S
AF Ford, ES
Mokdad, AH
Ajani, UA
Liu, S
TI Associations between concentrations of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol and
concentrations of glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, insulin and
C-peptide among US adults
SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE C-peptide; glucose; glycosylated haemoglobin; insulin; tocopherol
ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HEALTHY
OLDER-ADULTS; VITAMIN-E; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS;
GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN; PROTEIN GLYCATION; SUPPLEMENTATION; RISK
AB Our objective was to study the cross-sectional associations between concentrations of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol and concentrations of glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, insulin and C-peptide among US adults. We used data for 1289 participants without self-reported diabetes who were aged >= 20 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. alpha-Tocopherol concentration was inversely associated with glucose concentration (beta per mmol/l=-0(.)01064, SE 0(.)00356, P=0(.)004) after adjusting for age, sex, race or ethnicity, education, smoking status, concentrations of total cholesterol and triacylglycerols, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, alcohol use, physical activity, time watching television or videos or using a computer, and use of vitamin/mineral/dietary supplements. Among 659 participants who did not report using supplements, this association was no longer significant whereas the concentration of alpha-tocopherol was inversely associated with concentration of C-peptide (beta per mmol/l=-0(.)01121, SE 0(.)00497, P=0(.)024). gamma-Tocopherol concentration was positively associated with concentration of glucose (beta per mmol/l=0(.)09169, se 0(.)02711, P=0(.)001) and glycosylated haemoglobin (beta per mmol/l=0(.)04954, se 0(.)01284, P < 0(.)001), but not insulin or C-peptide. The relationships between physiologic concentrations of the various forms of vitamin E and measures of glucose intolerance deserve additional investigation.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM eford@cdc.gov
RI Liu, Simin/I-3689-2014
OI Liu, Simin/0000-0003-2098-3844
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU C A B I PUBLISHING
PI WALLINGFORD
PA C/O PUBLISHING DIVISION, WALLINGFORD OX10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0007-1145
J9 BRIT J NUTR
JI Br. J. Nutr.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 93
IS 2
BP 249
EP 255
DI 10.1079/BJN20041319
PG 7
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 909CO
UT WOS:000227836800012
PM 15788118
ER
PT J
AU Koplan, JP
Puska, P
Jousilahti, P
Cahill, K
Huttunen, J
AF Koplan, JP
Puska, P
Jousilahti, P
Cahill, K
Huttunen, J
CA Natl Publ Hlth Inst Partners
TI Improving the world's health through national public health institutes
SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Robert W Woodruff Hlth Sci Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Natl Publ Hlth Inst, KTL, Kansanterveyslaitos Folkhalsoinst, Helsinki, Finland.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Koplan, JP (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Robert W Woodruff Hlth Sci Ctr, 1440 Clifton Rd NE,Suite 410, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM jkoplan@emory.edu
NR 7
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
PI GENEVA 27
PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND
SN 0042-9686
J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN
JI Bull. World Health Organ.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 83
IS 2
BP 154
EP 157
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 897ID
UT WOS:000226996300016
PM 15744409
ER
PT J
AU Bates, MN
Buckland, SJ
Garrett, N
Caudill, SP
Ellis, H
AF Bates, MN
Buckland, SJ
Garrett, N
Caudill, SP
Ellis, H
TI Methodological aspects of a national population-based study of
persistent organochlorine compounds in serum
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE dioxins; methods; New Zealand; polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs);
organochlorine pesticides; serum
ID OLD WOMEN; POLLUTANTS; HEALTH; FLEHS; PCBS
AB Key methodological aspects are presented for a study of concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides in the serum of a sample of the New Zealand population aged 15 years and older. The study took advantage of the sampling frame and sample collection and interview processes of the National Nutrition Study (NNS). An additional blood sample for this organochlorines study was collected by the NNS and questions added to the NNS questionnaire. Serum was obtained from the blood and, based on responses to questions in the questionnaire, samples with possible occupational exposure to organochlorines were excluded. Remaining samples providing at least 2ml of serum were pooled within 80 strata defined according to geographic area, age group, sex and ethnicity. A minimum number of five individual serum samples was required for pooling within a stratum. Within strata with sufficient samples, two or three pooled samples were created for variance calculation. Eligible for inclusion in the study were 2497 individual serum samples. Sixty strata had sufficient serum samples for pooling and chemical analysis. This was the first study of organochlorine compounds with a national population-based sample. Two factors that made the study feasible deserve emphasis. First, being able to "piggy-back" on another study. Second, pooling of samples to reduce analytic expenses. It is hoped that the methods used in this study will form the basis for other studies investigating organochlorine concentrations in national populations. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Inst Environm Sci & Res Ltd, Porirua, New Zealand.
Minist Environm, Wellington, New Zealand.
ERMA New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.
Univ Auckland Technol, Fac Hlth, Auckland 1020, New Zealand.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Bates, MN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, 140 Warren Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM m_bates@berkeley.edu
OI Garrett, Nick/0000-0001-9289-9743
NR 10
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0045-6535
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 58
IS 7
BP 943
EP 951
DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.08.095
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 899CB
UT WOS:000227121400012
PM 15639266
ER
PT J
AU Fan, AZ
Harris, C
Zheng, ZJ
Yoon, S
Croft, JB
AF Fan, AZ
Harris, C
Zheng, ZJ
Yoon, S
Croft, JB
TI Predicting ten-year stroke risk among women aged 55 to 84 years in the
United States
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E47
EP E47
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600060
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, DK
Denny, CH
Croft, JB
Sundaram, A
Keenan, NL
Greenlund, KJ
AF Hayes, DK
Denny, CH
Croft, JB
Sundaram, A
Keenan, NL
Greenlund, KJ
TI Disparities in multiple cardiovascular risk factors among women, United
States, 2003
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E43
EP E43
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600043
ER
PT J
AU Hopson, SD
Marshall-Williams, S
AF Hopson, SD
Marshall-Williams, S
TI The relationship between employment status and women's physical and
psychological health
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E59
EP E59
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600120
ER
PT J
AU Hyduk, A
McGruder, HF
Antoine, TL
Croft, JB
AF Hyduk, A
McGruder, HF
Antoine, TL
Croft, JB
TI Patient-provider discussion and disparities in risk factors among women
living with coronary heart disease in the United States
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E75
EP E76
PG 2
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600204
ER
PT J
AU Minta, BO
AF Minta, BO
TI Role of state health departments in ensuring the implementation of the
Chronic Care Model in health care settings
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E63
EP E63
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600138
ER
PT J
AU Poindexter, PA
AF Poindexter, PA
TI Program evaluation suitable for low resource public health programs:
Success stories from the WISEWOMAN program
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E82
EP E82
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600238
ER
PT J
AU Scheuner, MT
Whitworth, WC
Yoon, PW
AF Scheuner, MT
Whitworth, WC
Yoon, PW
TI Is family history of cardiovascular disease a stronger risk factor for
women?
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E52
EP E52
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600085
ER
PT J
AU Shoob, HD
Ayala, C
Hyduk, A
Croft, JB
Mensah, GA
Zheng, ZJ
AF Shoob, HD
Ayala, C
Hyduk, A
Croft, JB
Mensah, GA
Zheng, ZJ
TI Trends in mortality and hospitalizations for valvular heart disease
among women in the United States, 1980-2000
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E55
EP E55
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600100
ER
PT J
AU Shoob, HD
Croft, JB
AF Shoob, HD
Croft, JB
TI Impact of baby boomer women on hospitalizations for coronary heart
disease and stroke in the United States
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 2nd International Conference on Women Heart Disease and Stroke
CY FEB 16-19, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 111
IS 4
BP E47
EP E47
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 893AW
UT WOS:000226692600061
ER
PT J
AU Xu, J
Dennehy, P
Keyserling, H
Westerman, LE
Wang, Y
Holman, RC
Gentsch, JR
Glass, RI
Jiang, B
AF Xu, J
Dennehy, P
Keyserling, H
Westerman, LE
Wang, Y
Holman, RC
Gentsch, JR
Glass, RI
Jiang, B
TI Serum antibody responses in children with rotavirus diarrhea can serve
as proxy for protection
SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENT AGE-GROUPS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-A; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
INFECTION; SUBCLASS; INFANTS; DISEASE; VIRUS; GASTROENTERITIS
AB We examined sera from 42 patients 1 to 30 months of age for rotavirus immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, IgG, and IgG subclasses and sought to determine if serum antibody could serve as a reliable marker for prediction of disease severity. Infants in the first few months of life usually had high maternal IgG titers and, when they were infected with rotavirus, had low IgM titers or no IgM in acute-phase sera and poor seroconversions 3 weeks later, suggesting that maternal antibodies had inhibited viral replication and antibody responses. All patients >= 6 months of age had IgM in acute-phase sera, indicating that IgM is a good marker for acute rotavirus infection. IgG was the best overall predictor of an infection, as the convalescent-phase sera of 81% of the patients had a fourfold rise in the IgG titer. IgA titers in convalescent-phase sera and conversion rates were higher among patients >= 12 months of age than among children younger than 12 months. IgG1 was the predominant subclass detected in the acute-phase sera of some children and in all 28 convalescent-phase serum samples examined. Patients with preexisting acute-phase IgG titers of >= 100 or >= 200 had diarrhea that was less severe or of a shorter duration. These results indicate that serum IgG is the most reliable marker for seroconversion and is a consistent proxy for protection against severe disease.
C1 Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
RP Jiang, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM bjiang@cdc.gov
OI Dennehy, Penelope/0000-0002-2259-5370
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1071-412X
J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN
JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 12
IS 2
BP 273
EP 279
DI 10.1128/CDLI.12.2.273-279.2005
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 955AG
UT WOS:000231196400007
PM 15699422
ER
PT J
AU Lacher, DA
Hughes, JP
Carroll, MD
AF Lacher, DA
Hughes, JP
Carroll, MD
TI Estimate of biological variation of laboratory analytes based on the
Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CLINICAL-CHEMISTRY
C1 Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutrit Examinat Survey, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
RP Lacher, DA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutrit Examinat Survey, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4215, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
EM dol2@cdc.gov
NR 13
TC 68
Z9 72
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 51
IS 2
BP 450
EP 452
DI 10.1373/clinchem.2004.039354
PG 3
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 893KK
UT WOS:000226717600025
PM 15590751
ER
PT J
AU Malakmadze, N
Gonzalez, IM
Oemig, T
Isiadinso, I
Rembert, D
McCauley, MM
Wand, P
Diem, L
Cowan, L
Palumbo, GJ
Fraser, M
Ijaz, K
AF Malakmadze, N
Gonzalez, IM
Oemig, T
Isiadinso, I
Rembert, D
McCauley, MM
Wand, P
Diem, L
Cowan, L
Palumbo, GJ
Fraser, M
Ijaz, K
TI Unsuspected recent transmission of tuberculosis among high-risk groups:
Implications of universal tuberculosis genotyping in its detection
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CENTRAL LOS-ANGELES;
MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SAN-FRANCISCO;
SOCIAL NETWORK; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; INFECTION; DYNAMICS
AB Background. The initiation of universal genotyping revealed 3 clusters of 19 patients with tuberculosis ( TB) in Wisconsin, with no apparent epidemiologic links among most of them. An epidemiologic investigation was conducted to determine whether genotype clustering resulted from recent transmission.
Methods. We conducted additional interviews with patients and reviewed medical records. Places frequented by the patients while they were infectious were visited to identify contacts.
Results. Our investigation revealed several previously unrecognized possible sites of TB transmission: a single-room occupancy hotel, 2 homeless shelters, 1 bar, and 2 crack houses. Seven patients with previously diagnosed TB were added to the clusters. Of 26 patients, we identified epidemiologic links for all but 1. Common risk factors among patients included alcohol abuse, crack cocaine use, homelessness, and unemployment. Additionally, 98 contacts missed during routine contact investigation were identified.
Conclusions. Transmission of TB, particularly among high-risk groups, may go undetected for years. Our investigation demonstrated the value of universal genotyping in revealing unsuspected recent TB transmission and previously unrecognized sites of transmission, which can be targeted for specific TB interventions.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemic Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Polio Eradicat Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Off Associate Director Sci, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Eliminat, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA.
Bur Communicable Dis, TB Program, Div Publ Hlth, State Wisconsin Dept Hlth & Family Serv, Madison, WI USA.
Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI USA.
Milwaukee Hlth Dept, TB Control Clin, Milwaukee, WI USA.
RP Malakmadze, N (reprint author), 26 Agladze St,26 Agladze St,Corpus 3,Apt 29, GE-0019 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
EM nailemlk@yahoo.com
NR 33
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 40
IS 3
BP 366
EP 373
DI 10.1086/427112
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 904JM
UT WOS:000227492500004
PM 15668858
ER
PT J
AU Bozeman, L
Burman, W
Metchock, B
Welch, L
Weiner, M
AF Bozeman, L
Burman, W
Metchock, B
Welch, L
Weiner, M
CA TB Trials Consortium
TI Fluoroquinolone susceptibility among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates
from the United States and Canada
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 98th International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society
CY MAY 17-23, 2002
CL ATLANTA, GA
SP Amer Thorac Soc
ID HIV-RELATED TUBERCULOSIS; ONCE-WEEKLY RIFAPENTINE; PULMONARY
TUBERCULOSIS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS;
IN-VITRO; RESISTANCE; MOXIFLOXACIN; EMERGENCE; MONORESISTANCE
AB Background. There is increasing interest in the possible role of new fluoroquinolone antibiotics for treatment of tuberculosis, but widespread use of fluoroquinolones for treatment of other bacterial infections may select for resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Methods. We evaluated fluoroquinolone susceptibility using the proportion method ( critical ciprofloxacin concentration for susceptibility testing, 2.0 mug/mL) in isolates obtained from patients enrolled in Tuberculosis Trial Consortium clinical trials during the period of 1995-2001 and in a referral sample of isolates sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA) during the period of 1996-2000 for additional testing, often because of drug resistance.
Results. Of the 1373 isolates from the clinical trials, 1324 (96%) were susceptible to isoniazid and rifampin; 2 (0.15%) of these isolates were also resistant to ciprofloxacin. Of the 1852 isolates from the referral sample, 603 (32.6%) were resistant to isoniazid and rifampin (i.e., multidrug resistant), 849 (45.7%) were resistant to greater than or equal to 1 firstline drug but were not resistant to both isoniazid and rifampin, and 400 ( 21.6%) were susceptible to all first-line agents. Ciprofloxacin resistance was found in 33 ( 1.8%) of the referral-sample isolates. Most ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates ( 25 [ 75.8%]) were resistant to isoniazid and rifampin.
Conclusions. Despite widespread use of fluoroquinolones for treatment of common bacterial infections, resistance among clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis in the United States and Canada remains rare, occurring primarily among multidrug-resistant strains.
C1 Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO 80204 USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycobacteriol Lab, Atlanta, GA USA.
San Antonio Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
RP Burman, W (reprint author), Denver Publ Hlth, 605 Bannock St, Denver, CO 80204 USA.
NR 30
TC 55
Z9 59
U1 2
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 40
IS 3
BP 386
EP 391
DI 10.1086/427292
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 904JM
UT WOS:000227492500007
PM 15668861
ER
PT J
AU Rees, JR
Wade, TJ
Levy, DA
Colford, JM
Hilton, JF
AF Rees, JR
Wade, TJ
Levy, DA
Colford, JM
Hilton, JF
TI Changes in beliefs identify unblinding in randomized controlled trials:
a method to meet CONSORT guidelines
SO CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE masking; randomized controlled trial; double-blind method; research
design; placebo effect
ID DOUBLE-BLIND; CLINICAL-TRIAL; PLACEBO; STATEMENT; QUALITY
AB Double-blinded trials are often considered the gold standard for research, but significant bias may result from unblinding of participants and investigators. Although the CONSORT guidelines discuss the importance of reporting "evidence that blinding was successful", it is unclear what constitutes appropriate evidence. Among studies reporting methods to evaluate blinding effectiveness, many have compared groups with respect to the proportions correctly identifying their intervention at the end of the trial. Instead, we reasoned that participants' beliefs, and not their correctness, are more directly associated with potential bias, especially in relation to self-reported health outcomes.
During the Water Evaluation Trial performed in northern California in 1999, we investigated blinding effectiveness by sequential interrogation of participants about their "blinded" intervention assignment (active or placebo). Irrespective of group, participants showed a strong tendency to believe they had been assigned to the active intervention; this translated into a statistically significant intergroup difference in the correctness of participants' beliefs, even at the start of the trial before unblinding had a chance to occur. In addition, many participants (31%) changed their belief during the trial, suggesting that assessment of belief at a single time does not capture unblinding. Sequential measures based on either two or all eight questionnaires identified significant group-related differences in belief patterns that were not identified by the single, cross-sectional measure.
In view of the relative insensitivity of cross-sectional measures, the minimal additional information in more than two assessments of beliefs and the risk of modifying participants' beliefs by repeated questioning, we conclude that the optimal means of assessing unblinding is an intergroup comparison of the change in beliefs (and not their correctness) between the start and end of a randomized controlled trial. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA.
Ctr Environm Hlth Sci, Dept Community & Family Med, Lebanon, NH USA.
Norris Cotton Canc Ctr, Lebanon, NH USA.
US EPA, Epidemiol & Biomarkers Branch, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA.
RP Rees, JR (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, 1 Med Ctr Dr,7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA.
EM judith.rees@dartmouth.edu
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU915546-02-1]
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1551-7144
J9 CONTEMP CLIN TRIALS
JI Contemp. Clin. Trials
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 26
IS 1
BP 25
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.cct.2004.11.020
PG 13
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 926JB
UT WOS:000229118400004
PM 15837450
ER
PT J
AU Galvao, LW
Oliveira, LC
Diaz, J
Kim, D
Marchi, N
van Dam, J
Castilho, RF
Chen, M
Macaluso, M
AF Galvao, LW
Oliveira, LC
Diaz, J
Kim, D
Marchi, N
van Dam, J
Castilho, RF
Chen, M
Macaluso, M
TI Effectiveness of female and male condoms in preventing exposure to semen
during vaginal intercourse: a randomized trial
SO CONTRACEPTION
LA English
DT Article
DE randomized trials; HIV; STD; condoms; educational intervention; semen
exposure; women
ID PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; CONTRACEPTIVE EFFICACY; SEXUAL ASSAULT;
TRANSMISSION; FAILURE; BARRIER; VIRUS; INFECTION; DISEASE; MARKER
AB Objectives: Comparison of male condom (MC) vs. female condom (FC) with respect to self-reported mechanical and acceptability problems and semen exposure using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as an objective biological marker and evaluation of the effect of an educational intervention on self-reported problems and semen exposure, by condom type. Design: Randomized crossover trial.
Design: Randomized crossover trial.
Methods: Four hundred women attending a family planning clinic in Brazil were randomized and either received in-clinic instruction or were encouraged to read the condom package insert; all used two FCs and two MCs. We measured the rates of self-reported user problems with MC and FC use and the rates of semen exposure during use (assessed by testing vaginal fluid for PSA).
Results: The educational intervention group reported fewer problems with either condom as compared with the control group (p=.0004, stratified by condom type). In both groups, self-reported problems were more frequent with FC use than with MC use (p<.0001, stratified by intervention). The educational intervention did not significantly reduce semen exposure. Overall, semen exposure occurred more frequently with FC use (postcoital PSA, > 1 ng/mL; 22%) than with MC use (15%); the difference, however, was small and nonsignificant for high PSA levels ( greater than or equal to 150 ng/mL; 5.1% for FC vs. 3.6% for MC).
Conclusions: In this study, the FC was less effective than the MC in preventing semen exposure during use and led more frequently to self-reported user problems. Both devices were highly protective against "high-level" semen exposure, as measured by postcoital PSA levels in vaginal fluid. In-clinic education may reduce user problems and increase acceptability and use of both devices. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Med Sch Madison, Ctr Urban Populat Hlth, Aurora Hlth Care Partnership, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nursing, Inst Urban Hlth Partnership, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Patol Clin, Fac Ciencias Med, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Populat Council, BR-13083745 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol & Int Hlth, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
Univ Estadual Campinas, Clin Reprod Humana, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Populat Council, Horizons Program, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Galvao, LW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Med Sch Madison, Ctr Urban Populat Hlth, Aurora Hlth Care Partnership, POB 342, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
EM lgalvao@uwm.edu
RI Castilho, Roger/G-3906-2012; Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015
OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690
NR 32
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-7824
J9 CONTRACEPTION
JI Contraception
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 2
BP 130
EP 136
DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2004.08.008
PG 7
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 901PI
UT WOS:000227294000010
PM 15707563
ER
PT J
AU Simmons, D
Thompson, CF
Engelgau, MM
AF Simmons, D
Thompson, CF
Engelgau, MM
TI Controlling the diabetes epidemic: how should we screen for undiagnosed
diabetes and dysglycaemia?
SO DIABETIC MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Type 2 diabetes; screening; family history; glucose; glycated
haemoglobin
ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; RISK; COMPLICATIONS; MELLITUS; COMMUNITY
AB Aims To compare the detection of undiagnosed diabetes and dysglycaemia (impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, diabetes) using risk factors and laboratory measures of glycaemia.
Methods Casual blood glucose samples were taken from 1899 (69.4% of 2737 invited) European, Maori and Pacific Islands subjects aged 40-79 years from randomly selected households in South Auckland, New Zealand. Of these, 534 attended for a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) if an elevated result was identified [327/478 (68.4%)] or if randomly selected with a 'normal' screening result [207/308 (67.2%)].
Results Several Europeans with undiagnosed diabetes (25.0%) and dysglycaemia (31.4%) had no diabetes risk factors. Most Maori and Pacific Islanders had at least one risk factor. The area under the receiver operating curve (ROC) for the detection of undiagnosed diabetes was 0.92 (0.89-0.95) using fasting glucose, 0.86 (0.82-0.90) using HbA(1c), 0.75 (0.69-0.80) using random glucose, but 0.60 (0.55-0.66) using risk factor screening. The ROC for detecting any dysglycaemia was 0.88 (0.85-0.90), 0.68 (0.64-0.71), 0.72 (0.69-0.75), 0.61 (0.58-0.65), respectively. Screening using fasting glucose (the best test) detected 90.4% of new diabetes and 78.4% of dysglycaemia; risk factor screening followed by fasting glucose detected significantly less cases [88 (82-93)% and 86 (82-89)%, respectively] with 9.2% less OGTTs.
Conclusions Using risk factors for the identification of who should receive a blood test for dysglycaemia adds little to direct screening with the risk of missing some with significant hyperglycaemia. Screening for dysglycaemia may best be undertaken using blood tests without initial risk factor symptom screening.
C1 Univ Auckland, Waikato Clin Sch, Waikato Hosp, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Middlemore Hosp, S Auckland Diabet Project, Auckland, New Zealand.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabetes Translat, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Simmons, D (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Waikato Clin Sch, Waikato Hosp, Private Bag 3200, Hamilton, New Zealand.
EM simmonsd@waikatodhb.govt.nz
OI Simmons, David/0000-0003-0560-0761
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0742-3071
J9 DIABETIC MED
JI Diabetic Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 22
IS 2
BP 207
EP 212
DI 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01378.x
PG 6
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 889XI
UT WOS:000226475700015
PM 15660740
ER
PT J
AU Santibanez, SS
Abdul-Quader, AS
Broyles, LN
Gusseynova, N
Sofronova, R
Molotilov, V
Garfein, RS
Paxton, LA
AF Santibanez, SS
Abdul-Quader, AS
Broyles, LN
Gusseynova, N
Sofronova, R
Molotilov, V
Garfein, RS
Paxton, LA
TI Expansion of outreach through government AIDS centers is needed to
prevent the spread of HIV in Russia
SO DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY
LA English
DT Article
AB Expansion of outreach through government AIDS centers is needed to prevent the spread of HIV in Russia. Orel, Russia, is the site of a pilot project in HIV community outreach conducted by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Russian Ministry of Health. We sought to determine whether outreach, a documented method for reaching injection drug users and their female sex partners for HIV prevention, is feasible through a Russian Government AIDS Center. We used a rapid assessment cross-sectional-survey. We demonstrated that at-risk persons who are not currently in contact with the public health system can be reached through community outreach by a government AIDS Center with limited resources and political constraints. Community-recruited persons, compared with institutionally recruited persons, had more risk behaviors and less HIV knowledge, suggesting that they are not being reached by current prevention efforts. We recommend that other AIDS centers in Russia consider piloting similar outreach projects in partnership with non-government organizations and the federal government.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Capac Bldg Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Santibanez, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM ssantibanez@cdc.gov
NR 5
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU CARFAX PUBLISHING
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 0968-7637
J9 DRUG-EDUC PREV POLIC
JI Drug-Educ. Prev. Policy
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 12
IS 1
BP 71
EP 74
DI 10.1080/0968763042000275317
PG 4
WC Substance Abuse
SC Substance Abuse
GA 891LZ
UT WOS:000226583900007
ER
PT J
AU Lumlertdacha, B
Boongird, K
Wanghongsa, S
Wacharapluesadee, S
Chanhome, L
Khawplod, P
Hemachudha, T
Kuzmin, I
Rupprecht, CE
AF Lumlertdacha, B
Boongird, K
Wanghongsa, S
Wacharapluesadee, S
Chanhome, L
Khawplod, P
Hemachudha, T
Kuzmin, I
Rupprecht, CE
TI Survey for bat lyssaviruses, Thailand
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID RABIES
AB Surveillance for lyssaviruses was conducted among bat populations in 8 provinces in Thailand. In 2002 and 2003, a total of 932 bats of 11 species were captured and released after serum collection. Lyssavirus infection was determined by conducting virus neutralization assays on bat serum samples. Of collected samples, 538 were either hemolysed or insufficient in volume, which left 394 suitable for analysis. These samples included the following: Pteropus lylei (n = 335), Eonycteris spelaea (n = 45), Hipposideros armiger (n = 13), and Rousettus leschennaulti (n = 1). No serum samples had evidence of neutralizing antibodies when tested against rabies virus. However, 16 samples had detectable neutralizing antibodies against Aravan virus, Khujand virus, Irkut virus, or Australian bat lyssavirus; all were specifically associated with fruit bats P. lylei (n = 15) and E. spelaea (n = 1). These results are consistent with the presence of naturally occurring viruses related to new putative lyssavirus genotypes.
C1 Queen Saovabha Mem Inst, Thai Red Cross Soc, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Minist Agr, Bangkok, Thailand.
Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Lumlertdacha, B (reprint author), Queen Saovabha Mem Inst, Thai Red Cross Soc, Rama 4 Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
EM Qsmibld@yahoo.com
NR 10
TC 40
Z9 44
U1 2
U2 6
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 2
BP 232
EP 236
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 895JJ
UT WOS:000226856900006
PM 15752440
ER
PT J
AU Rouquet, P
Froment, JM
Bermejo, M
Kilbourn, A
Karesh, W
Reed, P
Kumulungui, B
Yaba, P
Delicat, A
Rollin, PE
Leroy, EM
AF Rouquet, P
Froment, JM
Bermejo, M
Kilbourn, A
Karesh, W
Reed, P
Kumulungui, B
Yaba, P
Delicat, A
Rollin, PE
Leroy, EM
TI Wild animal mortality monitoring and human Ebola outbreaks, Gabon and
Republic of Congo, 2001-2003
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RAIN-FOREST; RT-PCR; VIRUS; PRIMATES; TRANSMISSION;
DECLINE; MONKEYS
AB All human Ebola virus outbreaks during 2001-2003 in the forest zone between Gabon and Republic of Congo resulted from handling infected wild animal carcasses. After the first outbreak, we created an Animal Mortality Monitoring Network in collaboration with the Gabonese and Congolese Ministries of Forestry and Environment and wildlife organizations (Wildlife Conservation Society and Programme de Conservation et Utilisation Rationnelle des Ecosystemes Forestiers en Afrique Centrale) to predict and possibly prevent human Ebola outbreaks. Since August 2001, 98 wild animal carcasses have been recovered by the network, including 65 great apes. Analysis of 21 carcasses found that 10 gorillas, 3 chimpanzees, and 1 duiker tested positive for Ebola virus. Wild animal outbreaks began before each of the 5 human Ebola outbreaks. Twice we alerted the health authorities to an imminent risk for human outbreaks, weeks before they occurred.
C1 Ctr Int Rech Med Franceville, Franceville, Gabon.
European Union Project, Cybertracker Monitoring Programme, Libreville, Gabon.
Univ Barcelona, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain.
Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Inst Rech Dev, Franceville, Gabon.
RP Rouquet, P (reprint author), Ctr Int Rech Med Franceville, BP 769, Franceville, Gabon.
EM p.rouquet@cirmf.org
RI LEROY, Eric/I-4347-2016
OI LEROY, Eric/0000-0003-0022-0890
NR 31
TC 106
Z9 111
U1 2
U2 50
PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
EI 1080-6059
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 2
BP 283
EP 290
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 895JJ
UT WOS:000226856900014
PM 15752448
ER
PT J
AU Hutwagner, L
Browne, T
Seeman, GM
Fleischauer, AT
AF Hutwagner, L
Browne, T
Seeman, GM
Fleischauer, AT
TI Comparing aberration detection methods with simulated data
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID SURVEILLANCE DATA; ALGORITHM; OUTBREAKS
AB We compared aberration detection methods requiring historical data to those that require little background by using simulated data. Methods that require less historical data are as sensitive and specific as those that require 3-5 years of data. These simulations can determine which method produces appropriate sensitivity and specificity.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Hutwagner, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM lbutwagner@cdc.gov
NR 8
TC 60
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 2
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 2
BP 314
EP 316
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 895JJ
UT WOS:000226856900020
PM 15752454
ER
PT J
AU Wong, T
Wallington, T
McDonald, LC
Abbas, Z
Christian, M
Low, DE
Gravel, D
Ofner, M
Mederski, B
Berger, L
Hansen, L
Harrison, C
King, A
Yaffe, B
Tam, T
AF Wong, T
Wallington, T
McDonald, LC
Abbas, Z
Christian, M
Low, DE
Gravel, D
Ofner, M
Mederski, B
Berger, L
Hansen, L
Harrison, C
King, A
Yaffe, B
Tam, T
TI Late recognition of SARS in nosocomial outbreak, Toronto
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; HONG-KONG; CORONAVIRUS; PNEUMONIA; FEATURES;
CANADA
AB Late recognition of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was associated with no known SARS contact, hospitalization before the nosocomial outbreak was recognized, symptom onset while hospitalized, wards with SARS clusters, and postoperative status. SARS is difficult to recognize in hospitalized patients with a variety of underlying conditions in the absence of epidemiologic links.
C1 Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Div Community Acquired Infect, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada.
Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Toronto Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
New York Gen Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Wong, T (reprint author), Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Div Community Acquired Infect, Room 3444,Bldg 6,AL 0603B,Tunneys Pasture, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada.
EM tom_wong@phac-aspc.gc.ca
RI Low, Donald/B-1726-2012
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 2
BP 322
EP 325
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 895JJ
UT WOS:000226856900022
PM 15752456
ER
PT J
AU Barr, DB
Wilder, LC
Caudill, SP
Gonzalez, AJ
Needham, LL
Pirkle, JL
AF Barr, DB
Wilder, LC
Caudill, SP
Gonzalez, AJ
Needham, LL
Pirkle, JL
TI Urinary creatinine concentrations in the US population: Implications for
urinary biologic monitoring measurements
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE biomonitoring; creatinine; creatinine adjustment; urine
ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; 3RD
NATIONAL-HEALTH; BLOOD LEAD LEVELS; UNITED-STATES; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS
PESTICIDES; BODY-COMPOSITION; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; SERUM
AB Biologic monitoring (i.e., biomonitoring) is used to assess human exposures to environmental and workplace chemicals. Urinary biomonitoring data typically are adjusted to a constant creatinine concentration to correct for variable dilutions among spot samples. Traditionally, this approach has been used in population groups without much diversity. The inclusion of multiple demographic groups in studies using biomonitoring for exposure assessment has increased the variability in the urinary creatinine levels in these study populations. Our objectives were to document the normal range of urinary creatinine concentrations among various demographic groups, evaluate the impact that variations in creatinine concentrations can have on classifying exposure status of individuals in. 9 epidemiologic studies, and recommend an approach using multiple regression to adjust for variations in creatinine in multivariate analyses. We performed a weighted multivariate analysis of urinary creatinine concentrations in 22,245 participants of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) and established reference ranges (10th-90th percentiles) for each demographic and age category. Significant predictors of urinary creatinine concentration included age group, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, and Fat-free mass. Time of day that urine samples were collected made a small but statistically significant difference in creatinine concentrations. For an individual, the creatinine-adjusted concentration of an analyte should be compared with a "reference" range derived from persons in a similar demographic group (e.g., children with children, adults with adults). For multiple regression analysis of population groups, we recommend that the analyte concentration (unadjusted for creatinine) should be included in the analysis with urinary creatinine added as a separate independent variable. This approach allows the urinary analyte concentration to be appropriately adjusted for urinary creatinine and the statistical significance of other variables in the model to be independent of effects of creatinine concentration.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Barr, DB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM dbarr@cdc.gov
RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr,
Dana/E-2276-2013
NR 42
TC 623
Z9 628
U1 13
U2 91
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 113
IS 2
BP 192
EP 200
DI 10.1289/ehp.7337
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 899TY
UT WOS:000227169400038
PM 15687057
ER
PT J
AU Hore, P
Robson, M
Freeman, N
Zhang, J
Wartenberg, D
Ozkaynak, H
Tulve, N
Sheldon, L
Needham, L
Barr, D
Lioy, PJ
AF Hore, P
Robson, M
Freeman, N
Zhang, J
Wartenberg, D
Ozkaynak, H
Tulve, N
Sheldon, L
Needham, L
Barr, D
Lioy, PJ
TI Chlorpyrifos accumulation patterns for child-accessible surfaces and
objects and urinary metabolite excretion by children for 2 weeks after
crack-and-crevice application
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE biomarker; child; children; chlorpyrifos; crack-and-crevice; indoor
chemical use; pesticide
ID ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; INSECTICIDE RESIDUES; ENVIRONMENTAL-HEALTH;
EXPOSURE; ROOMS; BIOMARKERS; RESIDENTS; HAND; AIR
AB The Children's Post-Pesticide Application Exposure Study (CPPAES) was conducted to look at the distribution of chlorpyrifos within a home environment for 2 weeks after a routine professional crack-and-crevice application and to determine the amount of the chlorpyrifos that is absorbed by a child living within the home. Ten residential homes with a 2- to 5-year-old child in each were selected for study, and the homes were treated with chlorpyrifos. Pesticide measurements were made from the indoor air, indoor surfaces, and plush toys. In addition, periodic morning urine samples were collected from each of the children throughout the 2-week period. We analyzed the urine samples for 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol, the primary urinary metabolite of chlorpyrifos, and used the results to estimate the children's absorbed dose. Average chlorpyrifos levels in the indoor air and surfaces were 26 (pretreatment)/120 (posttreatment) ng/m(3) and 0.48 (pretreatment)/2.8 (posttreatment) ng/cm(2), respectively, reaching peak levels between days 0 and 2; subsequently, concentrations decreased throughout the 2-week period. Chlorpyrifos in/on the plush toys ranged from 7.3 to 1,949 ng/toy postapplication, with concentrations increasing throughout the 2-week period, demonstrating a cumulative adsorption/absorption process indoors. The daily amount of chlorpyrifos estimated to be absorbed by the CPPAES children postapplication ranged from 0.04 to 4.8 mug/kg/day. During the 2 weeks after the crack-and-crevice application, there was no significant increase in the amount of chlorpyrifos absorbed by the CPPAES children.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Exposure Measurement & Assessment Div, Piscataway, NJ USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Contemporary Pesticide Lab, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Lioy, PJ (reprint author), 170 Frelinghuysen Rd,EOHSI Floor 3, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
EM plioy@eohsi.rutgers.edu
RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Lioy, Paul/F-6148-2011
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES07148-17, P30-ES05022]
NR 31
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 5
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 113
IS 2
BP 211
EP 219
DI 10.1289/ehp.6984
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 899TY
UT WOS:000227169400041
PM 15687060
ER
PT J
AU Longnecker, MP
Klebanoff, MA
Dunson, DB
Guo, XG
Zhen, C
Zhou, HB
Brock, JW
AF Longnecker, MP
Klebanoff, MA
Dunson, DB
Guo, XG
Zhen, C
Zhou, HB
Brock, JW
TI Maternal serum level of the DDT metabolite DDE in relation to fetal loss
in previous pregnancies
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE DDT; abortion; spontaneous; epidemiology; reproductive history
ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; DICHLORODIPHENYL DICHLOROETHENE DDE;
SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; MALARIA CONTROL;
HUMAN-MILK; WOMEN; INSECTICIDES; ASSOCIATION; PESTICIDES
AB Use of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) continues in about 25 countries. This use has been justified partly by the belief that it has no adverse consequences on human health. Evidence has been increasing, however, for adverse reproductive effects of DDT, but additional data are needed. Pregnant women who enrolled in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (United States, 1959-1965) were asked about their previous pregnancy history; blood samples were drawn and the serum frozen. In 1997-1999, the sera of 1717 of these women who had previous pregnancies were analyzed for 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chloropbenyl)ethylene (DDE), the major breakdown product of DDT. The odds of previous fetal loss was examined in relation to DDE level in logistic regression models. Compared with women whose DDE level was < 15 mug/L, the adjusted odds ratios of fetal loss according to category of DDE were as follows: 15-29 mug/L, 1.1; 30-44 mug/L, 1.4; 45-59 mug/L, 1.6; and 60 + mug/L, 1.2. The adjusted odds ratio per 60 mug/L increase was 1.4 (95% confidence interval 1.1-1.6). The results were consistent with an adverse effect of DDE on fetal loss, but were inconclusive owing to the possibility that previous pregnancies ending in fetal loss decreased serum DDE levels less than did those carried to term. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Natl Inst Child Hlth & Human Dev, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Rockville, MD USA.
NIEHS, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Analyt Sci Inc, Stat & Publ Hlth Res Div, Durham, NC USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Longnecker, MP (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, POB 12233 MD A3-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM longnecker@niehs.nih.gov
OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322
NR 44
TC 48
Z9 51
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0013-9351
J9 ENVIRON RES
JI Environ. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 2
BP 127
EP 133
DI 10.1016/S0013-9351(03)00108-7
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 879EV
UT WOS:000225700100002
PM 15533328
ER
PT J
AU Weisskopf, MG
Anderson, HA
Hanrahan, LP
Kanarek, MS
Falk, CM
Steenport, DM
Draheim, LA
AF Weisskopf, MG
Anderson, HA
Hanrahan, LP
Kanarek, MS
Falk, CM
Steenport, DM
Draheim, LA
CA Great Lakes Consortium
TI Maternal exposure to Great Lakes sport-caught fish and dichlorodiphenyl
dichloroethylene, but not polychlorinated biphenyls, is associated with
reduced birth weight
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE fishes; polychlorinated biphenyls; dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene;
newborn infant; birth weight
ID PERSISTENT ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; GESTATIONAL-AGE;
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; EXPERIMENTAL-ANIMALS;
CERTIFICATE DATA; RHESUS-MONKEYS; DIETARY-INTAKE; BODY BURDEN
AB Fish consumption may be beneficial for a developing human fetus, but fish may also contain contaminants that could be detrimental. Great Lakes sport-caught fish (GLSCF) are contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (I)DE), but the effects of these contaminants on birth outcome are not clear. To distinguish potential contaminant effects, we examined (1) whether the decrease over time in contaminant levels in GLSCF is paralleled by an increase in birth weight of children of GLSCF-consuming mothers and (2) the relation between maternal serum concentrations of these contaminants and birth weight. Mothers (n = 511) were interviewed from 1993 to 1995, and maternal serum was collected from 1994 to 1995 (n = 143). Potential confounders considered were child gender, maternal age at delivery, maternal prepregnancy body mass index, maternal cigarette and alcohol use during pregnancy, maternal education level, maternal parity, and maternal breastfeeding. Children born during 1970-1977, 1978-1984, and 1985-1993 to mothers who ate more than 116 meals of GLSCF before pregnancy were, on average, 164 g lighter, 46 g heavier, and 134 g heavier, respectively, than children of mothers who ate no GLSCF before pregnancy (P trend = 0.05). GLSCF-consuming mothers had higher serum PCB and DDE concentrations, but only increased DDE was associated with lower birth weight. The data suggest that fetal DDE exposure (as indicated by maternal serum DDE concentration) may decrease birth weight and that decreased birth weight effects associated with GLSCF consumption have decreased over time. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Wisconsin Dept Hlth & Family Serv, Madison, WI 53703 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
RP Weisskopf, MG (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Occupat Hlth Program,Landmark Ctr, 401 Pk Dr,POB 15697, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM mweissko@hsph.harvard.edu
NR 70
TC 55
Z9 56
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0013-9351
J9 ENVIRON RES
JI Environ. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 97
IS 2
BP 149
EP 162
DI 10.1016/j.envres.2004.01.014
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 879EV
UT WOS:000225700100005
PM 15533331
ER
PT J
AU Payne, DB
Sun, A
Butler, JC
Singh, SP
Hollingshead, SK
Briles, DE
AF Payne, DB
Sun, A
Butler, JC
Singh, SP
Hollingshead, SK
Briles, DE
TI PspA family typing and PCR-based DNA fingerprinting with BOX A1R primer
of pneumococci from the blood of patients in the USA with and without
sickle cell disease
SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE PROTEIN-A; RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; UNITED-STATES;
NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE; HETEROLOGOUS PSPA; CONJUGATE VACCINE; INVASIVE
DISEASE; CHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION; ANTIBODIES
AB Disease and mortality rates for Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are much higher in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) than in age-matched patients without SCD. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) has been proposed as a component in human vaccines against S. pneumoniae to provide greater breadth of coverage than can be obtained with the 7-valent conjugate vaccine. The cross-reactivity of PspA is associated with the 'PspA family' structure. In this study we examined strains of S. pneumoniae from patients with and without SCD to determine whether the strains infecting the hypersusceptible population of SCD patients were limited to the same two PspA families already known to comprise over 95 % of strains infecting non-SCD patients. Each strain was also evaluated according to the presence or absence of specific PCR fragments based on repetitive BOX elements to screen for possible SCD-associated clonal structure. Strains from SCD and non-SCD patients were similarly dispersed among the most common BOX PCR groups and strains from both groups expressed a similar distribution of PspA variants. Thus, a PspA vaccine designed for the population at large should also be appropriate for patients with SCD.
C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Alabama State Univ, Biomed Res & Training Programs, Montgomery, AL USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Payne, DB (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, BBRB 658,1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
EM dpa@uab.edu
NR 32
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA
SN 0950-2688
J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT
JI Epidemiol. Infect.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 133
IS 1
BP 173
EP 178
DI 10.1017/S0950268804003085
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 903LV
UT WOS:000227428300021
PM 15724724
ER
PT J
AU Holden, EW
Nguyen, HT
Grossman, E
Robinson, S
Nelson, LS
Gunter, MJ
Von Worley, A
Thurman, DJ
AF Holden, EW
Nguyen, HT
Grossman, E
Robinson, S
Nelson, LS
Gunter, MJ
Von Worley, A
Thurman, DJ
TI Estimating prevalence, incidence, and disease-related mortality for
patients with epilepsy in managed care organizations
SO EPILEPSIA
LA English
DT Article
DE epilepsy; prevalence; incidence; mortality; managed care organizations
ID SUDDEN UNEXPECTED DEATH; POPULATION; SIZE
AB Purpose. The purpose of the present study was to apply computer algorithms to an administrative data set to identify the prevalence of epilepsy, incidence of epilepsy, and epilepsy-related mortality of patients in a managed care organization (MCO).
Methods. The study population consisted of members enrolled in Lovelace Health Plan, a component of Lovelace Health Systems, a statewide MCO headquartered in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Patient records were obtained from July 1996 to June 2001. Four logistic regression models with high sensitivity and specificity were applied to 1-, 3-, and 5-year time frames in which members were continuously enrolled in the MCO. Incidence was defined for patients who did not have an epilepsy-associated code in the 18 months before the first diagnosis entry. Mortality estimates in the population also were assessed by using a matched control group and linkage to a statewide death registry.
Results: The data yielded estimated prevalence rates of 7-10 per 1,000, depending on age, sex, ethnicity, and time interval. Annualized incidence was 47 per 100,000 for members continuously enrolled for 3 years and 71 per 100,000 for members continuously enrolled for 5 years. Crude mortality rates were 2-2.5 times higher for epilepsy patients identified with the algorithms than for the matched controls. Conditional logistic regression indicated that the odds of death for epilepsy patients as compared with controls ranged from 1.24 to 2.06.
Conclusions. Accurate estimation of prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates for epilepsy is an essential component of disease management in MCOs. The algorithms in this project can be used to monitor trends in prevalence, incidence, and mortality to inform decisions critical to improving the health care needs and quality of life for patients with epilepsy.
C1 ORC Macro, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
Lovelace Clin Fdn, Albuquerque, NM USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Holden, EW (reprint author), ORC Macro, 3 Corp Sq,Suite 370, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
EM emery.w.holden@orcmacro.com
FU PHS HHS [2001-Q-000163]
NR 20
TC 42
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC
PI MALDEN
PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA
SN 0013-9580
J9 EPILEPSIA
JI Epilepsia
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 46
IS 2
BP 311
EP 319
DI 10.1111/j.0013-9580.2005.30604.x
PG 9
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 894RV
UT WOS:000226810200017
PM 15679513
ER
PT J
AU McNaghten, AD
Neal, JJ
Li, JM
Fleming, PL
AF McNaghten, AD
Neal, JJ
Li, JM
Fleming, PL
TI Epidemiologic profile of HIV and AIDS among American Indians/Alaska
natives in the USA through 2000
SO ETHNICITY & HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE American Indians/Alaska natives; HIV; AIDS; epidemiologic profile
ID UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION
AB Objectives. To describe HIV and AIDS among American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) in the USA through 2000.
Design. An epidemiologic profile was constructed using HIV/AIDS surveillance, sexually transmitted disease (STD), and seroprevalence data.
Results. Although AIDS among AI/AN represents < 1% of cumulative AIDS cases in the USA, in 2000 the AIDS incidence rate (cases per 100,000 population) for AI/AN (11.9) was higher than that for whites (7.3). AI/AN had high rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis from 1996 through 2000; among all females, AI/AN females had the second highest rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis reported during the time period. Of all AIDS cases among AI/AN, 70% were reported by 10 states.
Conclusions. These data demonstrate that the impact of STDs and the potential for an impact of HIV/AIDS among AI/AN are greater than indicated by the relatively small number of AIDS cases in this population. Additional mechanisms are needed to fill gaps in the available data. Coordination among the complex network of healthcare providers, tribes, and federal, state, and local health agencies is needed to improve delivery of information about HIV/AIDS to AI/AN and to ensure access to HIV prevention and treatment programs for AI/AN.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP McNaghten, AD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM aom5@cdc.gov
NR 37
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU CARFAX PUBLISHING
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1355-7858
J9 ETHNIC HEALTH
JI Ethn. Health
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 1
BP 57
EP 71
DI 10.1080/1355785052000323038
PG 15
WC Ethnic Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Ethnic Studies; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 892QC
UT WOS:000226664100004
PM 15841587
ER
PT J
AU Hartman, TJ
Baer, DJ
Graham, LB
Stone, WL
Gunter, EW
Parker, CE
Albert, PS
Dorgan, JF
Clevidence, BA
Campbell, WS
Tomer, KB
Judd, JT
Taylor, PR
AF Hartman, TJ
Baer, DJ
Graham, LB
Stone, WL
Gunter, EW
Parker, CE
Albert, PS
Dorgan, JF
Clevidence, BA
Campbell, WS
Tomer, KB
Judd, JT
Taylor, PR
TI Moderate alcohol consumption and levels of antioxidant vitamins and
isoprostanes in postmenopausal women
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE alcohol; antioxidants; oxidative stress; isoprostanes
ID IN-VIVO FORMATION; BREAST-CANCER; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING;
E SUPPLEMENTATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; OXIDANT STRESS; RAT-LIVER;
F-2-ISOPROSTANES; RISK
AB Background: Although alcohol intake has been positively associated with breast cancer risk in epidemiologic studies, the mechanisms mediating this association are speculative.
Objective: The Postmenopausal Women's Alcohol Study was designed to explore the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on potential risk factors for breast cancer. In the present analysis, we evaluated the relationship of alcohol consumption with antioxidant nutrients and a biomarker of oxidative stress.
Design: Participants (n = 53) consumed a controlled diet plus each of three treatments (15 or 30 g alcohol/day or a no-alcohol placebo beverage), during three 8-week periods in random order. We measured the antioxidants, vitamin E (alpha (alpha)- and gamma (gamma)-tocopherols), selenium, and vitamin C in fasting blood samples which were collected at the end of diet periods, treated and frozen for assay at the end of the study. We also measured 15-F-2t-IsoP isoprostane, produced by lipid peroxidation, which serves as an indicator of oxidative stress and may serve as a biomarker for conditions favorable to carcinogenesis.
Results: After adjusting for BMI (all models) and total serum cholesterol (tocopherol and isoprostane models) we observed a significant 4.6% decrease (P = 0.02) in alpha-tocopherol and a marginally significant 4.9% increase (P = 0.07) in isoprostane levels when women consumed 30 g alcohol/day (P = 0.06 and 0.05 for overall effect of alcohol on alpha-tocopherol and isoprostanes, respectively). The other antioxidants were not significantly modified by the alcohol treatment.
Conclusions: These results suggest that moderate alcohol consumption increases some biomarkers of oxidative stress in postmenopausal women.
C1 Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
NCI, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
NIEHS, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
E Tennessee State Univ, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA.
RP Hartman, TJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM tjh9@psu.edu
RI Tomer, Kenneth/E-8018-2013; Stone, William/B-6499-2008
OI Stone, William/0000-0002-6829-0417
NR 45
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0954-3007
J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR
JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 59
IS 2
BP 161
EP 168
DI 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602051
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 893AC
UT WOS:000226690200002
PM 15367922
ER
PT J
AU Ford, ES
Mokdad, AH
Liu, S
AF Ford, ES
Mokdad, AH
Liu, S
TI Healthy Eating Index and C-reactive protein concentration: findings from
the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, 1988-1994
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE C-reactive protein; diet; fruit; grain; inflammation; nutrition surveys;
vegetables
ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; GUIDELINES-FOR-AMERICANS; MAJOR CHRONIC DISEASE;
US ADULTS; INFLAMMATION; PREVENTION; RISK; CHOLESTEROL; ADHERENCE;
GRAINS
AB Objective: To examine whether diet quality is associated with C-reactive protein concentration.
Design: Cross-sectional study using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994).
Setting: Representative sample of the US population.
Subjects: A total of 13 811 men and women aged greater than or equal to20 y.
Interventions: We examined the cross-sectional associations between the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), a measure of diet quality according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, and serum C-reactive protein concentration. Dietary information was assessed using a 24-h recall.
Results: After adjustment for age, sex, race or ethnicity, education, smoking status, cotinine concentration, body mass index, waist-hip-ratio, aspirin use, alcohol use, physical activity level, and energy intake, HEI score was inversely associated with an elevated C-reactive protein concentration in logistic regression analysis (odds ratio per 10 unit change: 0.92; 95th confidence interval (CI): 0.86-0.99). Among the components, only the score for grain consumption was inversely associated with an elevated C-reactive protein concentration. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of number of servings of grain consumption, the adjusted odds ratios of having an elevated C-reactive protein concentration for participants in the second, third, fourth, and fifth quintiles were 0.87 (95th CI: 0.67, 1.12), 0.85 (95th CI: 0.69, 1.06), 0.79 (95th CI: 0.65, 0.96), and 0.68 (95th CI: 0.52, 0.88), respectively.
Conclusions: Grain consumption may reduce inflammation. Our findings require confirmation.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA USA.
Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM eford@cdc.gov
RI Liu, Simin/I-3689-2014
OI Liu, Simin/0000-0003-2098-3844
NR 24
TC 41
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0954-3007
J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR
JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 59
IS 2
BP 278
EP 283
DI 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602070
PG 6
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 893AC
UT WOS:000226690200016
PM 15494735
ER
PT J
AU Chesson, HW
Harrison, P
Scotron, CR
Varghese, B
AF Chesson, HW
Harrison, P
Scotron, CR
Varghese, B
TI Does funding for HIV and sexually transmitted disease prevention matter?
Evidence from panel data
SO EVALUATION REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE HIV; sexually transmitted diseases; gonorrhea; Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; CONTROLLED-TRIAL;
INTERVENTIONS; METAANALYSIS; BEHAVIOR; AIDS; MODELS; RATES; SEX
AB Since the onset of the AIDS epidemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has allocated several billion dollars for the prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States. Using state-level data from 1981 to 1998. the authors found that greater amounts of prevention funding in a given year are associated with reductions in reported gonorrhea incidence rates in subsequent years. The authors conclude that funding for STD and HIV prevention, on the whole, appears to have a discentable, impact on the incidence of STDs.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Std HIV Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Hlth & Populat Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Std HIV Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 39
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 3
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0193-841X
J9 EVALUATION REV
JI Eval. Rev.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 29
IS 1
BP 3
EP 23
DI 10.1177/0193841X04270613
PG 21
WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 887GY
UT WOS:000226295100001
PM 15604117
ER
PT J
AU Easton, A
Kiss, E
AF Easton, A
Kiss, E
TI Covariates of current cigarette smoking among secondary school students
in Budapest, Hungary, 1999
SO HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID HEALTH RISK; BEHAVIOR; ADOLESCENCE; ADULTHOOD; ALCOHOL; TOBACCO
AB To date, few studies have examined the relationship between health behavior risk factors and cigarette smoking in Hungary. From 1995 to 1999, the prevalence of current smoking increased from 35.9 to 46.0% among secondary students in Budapest, Hungary. The objective of the present study was to examine the association between smoking and other health behavior risk factors among secondary school students in Budapest. Surveys were administered during regular classes in 21 traditional and nine vocational/technical schools containing Grades 9-12; 2410 students aged 15-18 years were included in the analysis. Overall, 44.9% of males and 46.9% of females were current smokers. Smoking increased with age and was significantly higher among vocational/technical (60.2%) than traditional (43.1%) students. The likelihood of smoking was significantly higher among students who rarely or never used a seatbelt when riding in a car driven by someone else, currently used alcohol, had engaged in episodic heavy drinking, had had four or more sex partners during their lifetime or did not participate in vigorous physical activity. Health-risk behaviors are frequently interrelated. Findings suggest that programs designed to prevent smoking should consider related health-risk behaviors as part of a comprehensive program.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Metropolitan Inst State Publ Hlth, Dept Child & Youth Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Protect, Budapest, Hungary.
Publ Hlth Officer Serv, Budapest, Hungary.
RP Easton, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM ace7@cdc.gov
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0268-1153
J9 HEALTH EDUC RES
JI Health Educ. Res.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 20
IS 1
BP 92
EP 100
DI 10.1093/her/cyg102
PG 9
WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 886AU
UT WOS:000226199500009
PM 15253995
ER
PT J
AU Weston, SR
Leyden, W
Murphy, R
Bass, NM
Bell, BP
Manos, MM
Terrault, NA
AF Weston, SR
Leyden, W
Murphy, R
Bass, NM
Bell, BP
Manos, MM
Terrault, NA
TI Racial and ethnic distribution of nonalcoholic fatty liver in persons
with newly diagnosed chronic liver disease
SO HEPATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BODY-MASS INDEX; VISCERAL ADIPOSE-TISSUE; NATURAL-HISTORY;
INSULIN-RESISTANCE; RISK-FACTORS; US ADULTS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA;
SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; UNITED-STATES
AB We performed a cross-sectional study of newly diagnosed cases of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) identified between December 1998 and December 2000 in the Chronic Liver Disease Surveillance Study. We compared the demographic and clinical features of NAFLD in a racially diverse representative U.S. population (Alameda County, CA). Diagnostic criteria for probable NAFLD were persistent unexplained elevation of serum aminotransferase levels, radiology (ultrasound or computed tomography scan) consistent with fatty liver, and/or two or more of the following: (i) body mass index of 28 kg/m(2) or more, (ii) type 2 diabetes, or (iii) hyperlipidemia, in the absence of significant alcohol use. Definite NAFLD cases required histological confirmation. Of the 742 persons with newly diagnosed chronic liver disease, 159 (21.4%) had definite or probable NAFLD. The majority were nonwhite: Hispanics (28%), Asians (18%), African Americans (3%), and other race(s) (6%). African Americans with NAFLD were significantly older than other racial or ethnic groups (P < .001), and in Asians, NAFLD was 3.5 times more common in males than in females (P = .016). Clinical correlates of NAFLD (obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes) were similar among racial and ethnic groups, except that body mass index was lower in Asians compared with other groups (P < .001). Compared with the base population (Kaiser Permanente members), Hispanics with NAFLD were overrepresented (28% vs. 10%) and whites were underrepresented (45% vs. 59%). In conclusion, these racial and gender variations may reflect differences in genetic susceptibility to visceral adiposity, including hepatic involvement, and may have implications for the evaluation of persons with the metabolic syndrome. Clinicians need to be aware of the variable presentations of NAFLD in different racial and ethnic groups.
C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Terrault, NA (reprint author), S357,513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
EM noraht@itsa.ucsf.edu
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK-26743]; ODCDC CDC HHS [U50 CCU915546]
NR 48
TC 187
Z9 191
U1 1
U2 5
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0270-9139
J9 HEPATOLOGY
JI Hepatology
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 2
BP 372
EP 379
DI 10.1002/hep.20554
PG 8
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 892GK
UT WOS:000226637900020
PM 15723436
ER
PT J
AU Shankar, V
Kools, JJ
Armour, KL
Clark, MR
AF Shankar, V
Kools, JJ
Armour, KL
Clark, MR
TI A chimeric antibody to varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E
SO HYBRIDOMA
LA English
DT Article
ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; E EPITOPE; BINDING; DOMAINS; EXPRESSION;
MOLECULES
AB Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) immune globulin (VZIG) derived from pooled human serum is currently used in immunotherapy of VZV-associated complications of chickenpox and shingles. We developed a mouse-human chimeric antibody against a VZV glycoprotein E (gE) epitope as a safer replacement for VZIG. Variable (V) heavy- and V kappa light-chain exons, derived from an anti-VZV gE antibody secreting mouse hybridoma cell line, were cloned into expression vectors containing an immunoglobulin promoter and enhancer, and human IgG1 or kappa constant (C) region genes. The expression vectors were cotransfected into mouse myeloma cell line (NSO), generating transformants that secreted chimeric human-mouse IgGs. The chimeric and the parent mouse antibody were indistinguishable in their antigen binding specificity. VZV gE chimeric antibody may prove to be a prophylactic antibody that could provide significant advantages over VZIG in having defined specificity, lessened possibility of contamination with viral pathogens, and consistent availability.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biol Branch, Sci Resources Program, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Cambridge, Dept Pathol, Div Immunol, Cambridge CB2 1QP, England.
RP Shankar, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Sect, VRZB, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM vbs2@cdc.gov
RI Clark, Michael/D-2479-2011
OI Clark, Michael/0000-0002-5539-4997
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1554-0014
J9 HYBRIDOMA
JI Hybridoma
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 24
IS 1
BP 50
EP 54
DI 10.1089/hyb.2005.24.50
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Immunology
GA 917PG
UT WOS:000228474200007
PM 15785209
ER
PT J
AU Palaniappan, R
Singh, S
Singh, UP
Sakthivel, SKK
Ades, EW
Briles, DE
Hollingshead, SK
Paton, JC
Sampson, JS
Lillard, JW
AF Palaniappan, R
Singh, S
Singh, UP
Sakthivel, SKK
Ades, EW
Briles, DE
Hollingshead, SK
Paton, JC
Sampson, JS
Lillard, JW
TI Differential PsaA-, PspA-, PspC-, and PdB-specific immune responses in a
mouse model of pneumococcal carriage
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE PROTEIN-A; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA;
STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE; INTRANASAL
IMMUNIZATION; PULMONARY INFECTION; CONJUGATE VACCINE; FACTOR-H; IN-VIVO
AB Larger numbers of pneumococci were detected in the nasal tract compared to the lung, cervical lymph nodes, and spleen 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days after nasal challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae strain EF3030. In this mouse model of pneumococcal carriage, peripheral S. pneumoniae pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA)specific humoral responses (immunoglobulin G2a [IgG2a] much greater than IgG1 = IgG2b > IgG3) were significantly higher than pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA)-specific, genetic toxoid derivative of pneumolysin (PdB)-specific, or pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC)-specific serum antibody levels. However, PspA-specific mucosal IgA antibody levels were significantly higher than those against PsaA, PdB, and PspC. In general, both PsaA- and PspA-specific lung-, cervical lymph node-, nasal tract-, and spleen-derived CD4(+) T-cell cytokine (interleukin-4, interleukin-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) and proliferative responses were higher than those for either PspC or PdB. Taken together, these findings suggest that PsaA- and PspA-specific mucosal responses as well as systemic Immoral and T helper cell cytokine responses are predominantly yet differentially induced during pneumococcal carriage.
C1 Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA.
Mercer Univ, So Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Univ Adelaide, Sch Mol & Biomed Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
RP Lillard, JW (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, 720 Westview Dr SE, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA.
EM lillard@msm.edu
RI Paton, James/A-9920-2008; Ades, Edwin/A-9931-2009
FU NCRR NIH HHS [G12 RR003034, RR 03034]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI 057808, R01
AI057808]; NIGMS NIH HHS [S06 GM008248, GM 08248]
NR 52
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 73
IS 2
BP 1006
EP 1013
DI 10.1128/IAI.73.2.1006-1013.2005
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 893PM
UT WOS:000226731700041
PM 15664944
ER
PT J
AU Sunensbine, RH
Liedtke, LA
Fridkin, SK
Strausbaugh, LJ
AF Sunensbine, RH
Liedtke, LA
Fridkin, SK
Strausbaugh, LJ
CA Infectious Diseases Soc
TI Management of inpatients colonized or infected with
antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in hospitals in the United States
SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th Annual Meeting of the
Society-for-Healthcare-Epidemiology-of-America
CY APR 05-08, 2003
CL ARLINGTON, VA
SP Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer
ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; SOCIETY-OF-AMERICA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS;
RISK-FACTORS; CONTACT ISOLATION; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION;
ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIOLOGY
AB BACKGROUND: Although guidelines for multidrug-resistant organisms generally include recommendations for contact precautions and surveillance cultures, it is not known how frequently U.S. hospitals implement these measures on a routine basis and whether infectious diseases consultants endorse their use.
METHODS: The Emerging Infections Network surveyed its members, infectious diseases consultants, to assess their use of and support for contact precautions and surveillance cultures for routine management of multidrug-resistant organisms in their principal inpatient workplace. Specifically, members were asked about use of these strategies for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and multidrug-resistant, gram-negative bacilli on general wards, ICUs, and transplant units.
RESULTS: Overall, 400 (86%) of 463 respondents supported the routine use of contact precautions to control one or more multidrug-resistant organisms in at least one unit, and 89% worked in hospitals that use them. In contrast, 50% of respondents favored routine use of surveillance cultures to manage at least one multidrug-resistant organism in any unit, and 30% of respondents worked in hospitals that use them routinely in any unit. Members favored routine use of surveillance cultures significantly more in ICUs and transplant units than in general wards for each multidrug-resistant organism (P (.)< 001).
CONCLUSIONS: Most of the infectious diseases consultants endorsed the use of contact precautions for routine management of patients colonized or infected with multidrug-resistant organisms and work in hospitals that have implemented them. In contrast, infectious diseases consultants are divided about the role of routine surveillance cultures in multidrug-resistant organism management, and few work in hospitals that use them.
C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Hosp & Special Med P3ID, Infect Dis Sect, Portland, OR 97239 USA.
Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Portland, OR 97239 USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Strausbaugh, LJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Hosp & Special Med P3ID, Infect Dis Sect, 3710 SW Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA.
EM strausba@ohsu.edu
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU112346]
NR 38
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 1
PU SLACK INC
PI THOROFARE
PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA
SN 0899-823X
J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP
JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 26
IS 2
BP 138
EP 143
DI 10.1086/502517
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 897OH
UT WOS:000227014000007
PM 15756883
ER
PT J
AU Wong, ES
Rupp, ME
Mermel, L
Perl, TM
Bradley, S
Ramsey, KM
Ostrowsky, B
Valenti, AJ
Jernigan, JA
Voss, A
Tapper, ML
AF Wong, ES
Rupp, ME
Mermel, L
Perl, TM
Bradley, S
Ramsey, KM
Ostrowsky, B
Valenti, AJ
Jernigan, JA
Voss, A
Tapper, ML
TI Public disclosure of healthcare-associated infections: The role of the
society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America
SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SURVEILLANCE; RATES
C1 McGuire Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Richmond, VA USA.
Virginia Commonwealth Univ Med Coll Virginia, Richmond, VA USA.
Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA.
Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Univ Michigan Healthcare Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
Vet Affairs Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
Westchester Cty Dept Hlth, New Rochelle, NY USA.
Maine Med Ctr, Portland, ME 04102 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Canisius Wilhelmina Hosp, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Lenox Hill Hosp, New York, NY 10021 USA.
RP Wong, ES (reprint author), Soc Healthcare Epidemiol America, 66 Canal Ctr Plaza,Suite 600, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
RI Voss, A./H-8111-2014
NR 14
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 0
PU SLACK INC
PI THOROFARE
PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA
SN 0899-823X
J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP
JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 26
IS 2
BP 210
EP 212
DI 10.1086/502528
PG 3
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 897OH
UT WOS:000227014000018
PM 15756894
ER
PT J
AU Comstock, RD
Mallonee, S
Jordan, F
AF Comstock, RD
Mallonee, S
Jordan, F
TI A comparison of two surveillance systems for deaths related to violent
injury
SO INJURY PREVENTION
LA English
DT Article
ID MEDICAL EXAMINER DATA; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH;
UNEXPLAINED CAUSES; FATAL INJURIES; CERTIFICATES; STATISTICS; ACCURACY;
CLASSIFICATION; MANNER
AB Objective: To compare violent injury death reporting by the statewide Medical Examiner and Vital Statistics Office surveillance systems in Oklahoma.
Methods: Using a standard study definition for violent injury death, the sensitivity and predictive value positive (PVP) of the Medical Examiner and Vital Statistics violent injury death reporting systems in Oklahoma in 2001 were evaluated.
Results: Altogether 776 violent injury deaths were identified ( violent injury death rate: 22.4 per 100 000 population) including 519 (66.9%) suicides, 248 (32.0%) homicides, and nine (1.2%) unintentional firearm deaths. The Medical Examiner system over-reported homicides and the Vital Statistics system under-reported homicides and suicides and over-reported unintentional firearm injury deaths. When compared with the standard, the Medical Examiner and Vital Statistics systems had sensitivities of 99.2% and 90.7% ( respectively) and PVPs of 95.0% and 99.1% for homicide, sensitivities of 99.2% and 93.1% and PVPs of 100% and 99.0% for suicide, and sensitivities of 100% and 100% and PVPs of 100% and 31.0% for unintentional firearm deaths.
Conclusions: Both the Vital Statistics and Medical Examiner systems contain valuable data and when combined can work synergistically to provide violent injury death information while also serving as quality control checks for each other. Preventable errors within both systems can be reduced by increasing training, addressing sources of human error, and expanding computer quality assurance programming. A standardized nationwide Medical Examiners' coding system and a national violent death reporting system that merges multiple public health and criminal justice datasets would enhance violent injury surveillance and prevention efforts.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Program Off, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Atlanta, GA USA.
Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Injury Prevent Serv, Oklahoma City, OK USA.
Off Chief Med Examiner, Oklahoma City, OK USA.
RP Comstock, RD (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Dept Pediat, 700 Childrens Dr, Columbus, OH 43205 USA.
EM comstocd@pediatrics.ohio-state.edu
RI Alkhalawi, Mohammed/C-6111-2012
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U17/CCU617756]
NR 55
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND
SN 1353-8047
J9 INJURY PREV
JI Inj. Prev.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 58
EP 63
DI 10.1136/ip.2004.007567
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 897LX
UT WOS:000227006700014
PM 15691992
ER
PT J
AU Sosman, JM
MacGowan, RJ
Margolis, AD
Eldridge, G
Flanigan, T
Vardaman, I
Fitzgerald, C
Kacanek, D
Binson, D
Seal, DW
Gaydos, CA
AF Sosman, JM
MacGowan, RJ
Margolis, AD
Eldridge, G
Flanigan, T
Vardaman, I
Fitzgerald, C
Kacanek, D
Binson, D
Seal, DW
Gaydos, CA
CA Project START Study Grp
TI Screening for sexually transmitted diseases and hepatitis in
18-29-year-old men recently released from prison: feasibility and
acceptability
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE sexually transmitted diseases; hepatitis; screening; feasibility; former
prisoners
ID CHAIN-REACTION; HEALTH-POLICY; UNITED-STATES; INMATES; PREVALENCE;
INFECTION; PREVENTION; PROGRAMS; STDS
AB Men entering prisons have high rates of sexually transmitted disease (STD), hepatitis, and HIV. This study sought to determine the acceptability and feasibility of screening for STD and hepatitis in young men released from prison. Participants were interviewed six months after release and offered free screening. Of 42 (56%) eligible men who participated in the qualitative interview, 33 (79%) provided at least a blood or urine specimen. Eight of 33 (24%) men tested had chlamydia, trichomoniasis, hepatitis B or C virus (HBV or HCV). Three of 32 (9%) had chlamydia, three of 32 (9%) had trichomoniasis, two of 28 (7%) had prior syphilis, and two of 28 (7%) had HCV. Of 28 tested for HBV, six (21%) were immune, two (7%) had chronic infection, and 20 (71%) were susceptible. Barriers to screening included lack of forewarning, inconvenience, and insufficient incentive. In conclusion, screening for STD and hepatitis among former inmates can be acceptable and feasible. Forewarning, reducing the time burden, and providing monetary incentives may increase screening rates.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV & AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Alaska, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
Jackson State Univ, Community Hlth Program, Jackson, MS 39217 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth & Social Behav, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Med Coll Wisconsin, Ctr AIDS Intervent Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Sosman, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, 2828 Marshall Court,Suite 100, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
EM jms@medicine.wisc.edu
RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010
FU PHS HHS [114812, 414879, 914806, 514804]
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 4
PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND
SN 0956-4624
J9 INT J STD AIDS
JI Int. J. STD AIDS
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 16
IS 2
BP 117
EP 122
DI 10.1258/0956462053057594
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 901FD
UT WOS:000227267500006
PM 15825246
ER
PT J
AU Laserson, KF
Binkin, NJ
Thorpe, LE
Laing, R
Iademarco, MF
Bloom, A
Agerton, TB
Nelson, L
Cegielski, JP
Ferroussier, O
Holtz, T
Vitek, E
Gammino, V
Tan, K
Finlay, A
Dewan, P
Miranda, A
Aquino, G
Weyer, K
Sy, DN
Vernon, A
Becerra, J
Ershova, J
Wells, CD
AF Laserson, KF
Binkin, NJ
Thorpe, LE
Laing, R
Iademarco, MF
Bloom, A
Agerton, TB
Nelson, L
Cegielski, JP
Ferroussier, O
Holtz, T
Vitek, E
Gammino, V
Tan, K
Finlay, A
Dewan, P
Miranda, A
Aquino, G
Weyer, K
Sy, DN
Vernon, A
Becerra, J
Ershova, J
Wells, CD
TI Capacity building for international tuberculosis control through
operations research training
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
DE operations research; tuberculosis; training; capacity building;
epidemiology
ID INTEGRATION
AB SETTING: In resource-poor countries, few tuberculosis (TB) program staff at the national, provincial, and even district levels have the basic analytical and epidemiological skills necessary for collecting and analyzing quality data pertaining to national TB control program (NTP) improvements. This includes setting program priorities, operations planning, and implementing and evaluating program activities.
OBJECTIVES: To present a model course for building capacity in basic epidemiology and operations research (OR).
DESIGN: A combination of didactic lectures and applied field exercises were used to achieve the main objectives of the 6-day OR course. These were to increase the understanding of quantitative and qualitative research concepts, study design, and analytic methods, and to increase awareness of how these methods apply to the epidemiology and control of TB; and to demonstrate the potential uses of OR in answering practical questions on NTP effectiveness. As a final outcome, course participants develop OR proposals that are funded and later implemented.
RESULTS: Since 1997, this OR course has been conducted nine times in five countries; 149 key NTP and laboratory staff have been trained in OR methods, and 44 OR protocols have been completed or are underway.
CONCLUSION: This low-cost model course can be adapted to a wide range of public health issues.
C1 CDCP, Div TB Eliminat, Int Res & Programs Branch, Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ist Super Sanita, Ctr Nazl Epidemiol, Rome, Italy.
Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA.
WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
US Dept State, US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20520 USA.
CDC, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
S African Med Council, Unit TB Operat & Policy Res, Pretoria, South Africa.
Minist Hlth, Natl Hosp TB & Resp Dis, Hanoi, Vietnam.
CDC, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Wells, CD (reprint author), CDCP, Div TB Eliminat, Int Res & Programs Branch, Dept HHS, Mailstop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM cwells@cdc.gov
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D)
PI PARIS
PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1027-3719
J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D
JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 9
IS 2
BP 145
EP 150
PG 6
WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
GA 896WC
UT WOS:000226963900006
PM 15732732
ER
PT J
AU Dewan, P
Sosnovskaja, A
Thomsen, V
Cicenaite, J
Laserson, K
Johansen, I
Davidaviciene, E
Wells, C
AF Dewan, P
Sosnovskaja, A
Thomsen, V
Cicenaite, J
Laserson, K
Johansen, I
Davidaviciene, E
Wells, C
TI High prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis, Republic of Lithuania,
2002
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
DE tuberculosis; multidrug-resistant; prevalence; Europe; Lithuania
ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; FLUOROQUINOLONES; IMPACT
AB BACKGROUND: Nations of the former Soviet Union have the world's highest reported levels of resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs. We conducted the first national survey of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the Republic of Lithuania.
METHODS: We tested Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from all incident culture-positive pulmonary TB patients registered in 2002. New patients were those treated for <1 month with any first-line anti-tuberculosis drug (isoniazid [INH], rifampin [RMP], ethambutol, or streptomycin); previously treated patients were those treated for greater than or equal to1 month.
RESULTS: Of 1163 isolates, 475 (41%) were resistant to at least one first-line drug, and 263 (23%) were resistant to at least INH and RMP (MDR); this included 76/818 (9.3%) from new patients and 187/345 (54%) from previously treated patients. Of 52 MDR isolates randomly selected for extended testing at an international reference laboratory, 2 7 (51%, 95 % CI 38-66) had resistance to pyrazinamide, 21 (40%, 95% CI 27-55) to kanamycin, and 9 (17%, 95% CI 8-30) to ofloxacin.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MDR-TB in Lithuania is among the world's highest. Among MDR-TB isolates, aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone resistance were common. To combat drug-resistant TB, Lithuania has implemented the WHO global TB control strategy (DOTS), and is developing an MDR-TB treatment program (DOTS-Plus).
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, Div TB Eliminat, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA.
Natl Inst TB & Lung Dis, Vilnius, Lithuania.
State Serum Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Dewan, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, Div TB Eliminat, 1001 Potreoro Ave,WD 94, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA.
EM puneet.dewan@sfdph.org
NR 16
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 2
PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D)
PI PARIS
PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1027-3719
J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D
JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 9
IS 2
BP 170
EP 174
PG 5
WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
GA 896WC
UT WOS:000226963900010
PM 15732736
ER
PT J
AU Lambert, LA
Ijaz, K
Navin, TR
AF Lambert, LA
Ijaz, K
Navin, TR
TI Completing tuberculosis prophylaxis in jail: targeting treatment and a
comparison of rifampin/pyrazinamide with isoniazid regimens
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
LA English
DT Letter
ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, DTBE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Lambert, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, DTBE, MS-E10,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM LLambert@cdc.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D)
PI PARIS
PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1027-3719
J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D
JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 9
IS 2
BP 230
EP 230
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
GA 896WC
UT WOS:000226963900022
PM 15732748
ER
PT J
AU Kendrick, SR
Kroc, KA
Withum, D
Rydman, RJ
Branson, BM
Weinstein, RA
AF Kendrick, SR
Kroc, KA
Withum, D
Rydman, RJ
Branson, BM
Weinstein, RA
TI Outcomes of offering rapid point-of-care HIV testing in a sexually
transmitted disease clinic
SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
LA English
DT Article
DE counseling and testing; HIV; HIV testing; rapid HIV testing; sexually
transmitted disease clinic
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AGGLUTINATION ASSAY; ANTIBODY-ASSAY;
ON-SITE; PERFORMANCE; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; BLOT
AB Background: Delays in receipt of positive HIV test results and in entry into HIV care are common problems in clinics; in public venues, up to 33% of patients with negative results and 25% of those with positive results never learn their results.
Methods: Patients aged 18 years or older at an urban sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic were offered rapid HIV testing between October 1999 and August 2000. Specimens were tested using the rapid Single Use Diagnostic System for HIV-1 (SUDS; Abbott/Murex, Norcross, GA), and results were confirmed by conventional enzyme immunoassay and Western blot (WB) analysis. Trained health educators performed all HIV counseling, phlebotomy, and rapid testing.
Results: Of 1977 eligible patients, 1581 (80%) agreed to HIV testing; of these, 1372 (87%) accepted rapid testing and 1357 (99%) received same-visit results and posttest counseling. Thirty-seven (2.7%) were HIV-positive as confirmed by WB analysis. One of these HIV-positive participants died, but the remaining 36 went to their first clinic appointment.
Conclusion: Rapid HIV testing was acceptable and feasible in this STD clinic and facilitated entry of newly identified HIV-infected patients into health care.
C1 Ruth M Rothstein CORE Ctr, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA.
Cook Cty Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Med Coll, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Weinstein, RA (reprint author), John Stroger Hosp Cook Cty, Div Infect Dis, 129 Durand Bldg,1901 W Harrison St, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
EM rweinste@rush.edu
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [CCU516455]
NR 24
TC 47
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 5
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1525-4135
J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF
JI JAIDS
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 38
IS 2
BP 142
EP 146
DI 10.1097/00126334-200502010-00004
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 893RL
UT WOS:000226736800004
PM 15671798
ER
PT J
AU Teeraratkul, A
Simonds, RJ
Asavapiriyanont, S
Chalermchokcharoenkit, A
Vanprapa, N
Chotpitayasunondh, T
Mock, PA
Stat, MA
Skunodum, N
Neeyapun, K
Jetsawang, B
Culnane, M
Tappero, J
AF Teeraratkul, A
Simonds, RJ
Asavapiriyanont, S
Chalermchokcharoenkit, A
Vanprapa, N
Chotpitayasunondh, T
Mock, PA
Stat, MA
Skunodum, N
Neeyapun, K
Jetsawang, B
Culnane, M
Tappero, J
CA Bangkok Collaborative Perinatal HI
TI Evaluating programs to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in two
large Bangkok hospitals, 1999-2001
SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
LA English
DT Article
DE vertical HIV transmission; children; HIV infection; Thailand;
evaluation; prevention
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PERINATAL TRANSMISSION; NATIONAL PROGRAM;
THAILAND; ZIDOVUDINE; TYPE-1; REGIMENS; TRIAL
AB The 2 largest maternity hospitals in Bangkok implemented comprehensive programs to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in 1998. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of postpartum HIV-infected women in 1999 through 2001 to evaluate these programs. Women were given structured interviews at 0 to 3 days, 1 month, and 2 months postpartum. Medical records of women and their newborns were reviewed. Of 488 enrolled women, 443 (91%) had antenatal care: 391 (88%) at study hospitals and 52 (12%) elsewhere. The HIV diagnosis was first known before pregnancy for 61 (13%) women, during pregnancy for 357 (73%) women, during labor for 22 (5%) women, and shortly after delivery for 48 (10%) women. Antenatal zidovudine (ZDV) was used by 347 (71%) women, and intrapartum ZDV was used by 372 (76%) women. Twelve (55%) of the 22 women who first learned of their HIV infection during labor took intrapartum ZDV. All 495 newborn infants started prophylactic ZDV; the first dose was given within 12 hours for 491 (99%) children. Ten (2%) children were breast-fed at least once by their mother, and 10 (2%) were breast-fed at least once by someone else. Although uptake of services was high, inconsistent antenatal care, fear of stigmatization, and difficulty in disclosing HIV status prevented some women from using services.
C1 US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, TUC, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Rajavithi Hosp, Dept Med Serv, Minist Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand.
Mahidol Univ, Fac Med, Siriraj Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Dept Med Serv, Minist Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand.
RP Teeraratkul, A (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, TUC, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, DMS 6 Bldg,Tivanon Rd, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
EM agt4@cdc.gov
OI chalermchockcharoenkit, amphan/0000-0001-5776-6988
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1525-4135
J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF
JI JAIDS
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 38
IS 2
BP 208
EP 212
DI 10.1097/00126334-200502010-00013
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 893RL
UT WOS:000226736800013
PM 15671807
ER
PT J
AU Cuenca-Estrella, M
Rodriguez, D
Almirante, B
Morgan, J
Planes, AM
Almela, M
Mensa, J
Sanchez, F
Ayats, J
Gimenez, M
Salvado, M
Warnock, DW
Pahissa, A
Rodriguez-Tudela, JL
AF Cuenca-Estrella, M
Rodriguez, D
Almirante, B
Morgan, J
Planes, AM
Almela, M
Mensa, J
Sanchez, F
Ayats, J
Gimenez, M
Salvado, M
Warnock, DW
Pahissa, A
Rodriguez-Tudela, JL
CA Barcelona Candidemia Project Study
TI In vitro susceptibilities of bloodstream isolates of Candida species to
six antifungal agents: results from a population-based active
surveillance programme, Barcelona, Spain, 2002-2003
SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
DE fluconazole resistance; caspofungin; voriconazole; EUCAST
ID TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS; UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY RESISTANCE; INFECTIONS;
FLUCONAZOLE; TRENDS; SPP.; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VORICONAZOLE; CASPOFUNGIN
AB Objectives: The antifungal drug susceptibilities of 351 isolates of Candida species, obtained through active laboratory-based surveillance in the period January 2002-December 2003, were determined (Candida albicans 51%, Candida parapsilosis 23%, Candida tropicalis 10%, Candida glabrata 9%, Candida krusei 4%).
Methods: The MICs of amphotericin B, flucytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and caspofungin were established by means of the broth microdilution reference procedure of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
Results and conclusions: Amphotericin B and flucytosine were active in vitro against all strains. A total of 24 isolates (6.8%) showed decreased susceptibility to fluconazole (MIC greater than or equal to 16 mg/L) and 43 (12.3%) showed decreased susceptibility to itraconazole (MIC greater than or equal to 0.25 mg/L). Voriconazole and caspofungin were active in vitro against the majority of isolates, even those that were resistant to fluconazole.
C1 Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Nacl Microbiol, Serv Micol, Madrid 28220, Spain.
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Hosp Univ Vall Hebron, Div Infect Dis, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Hosp Univ Vall Hebron, Dept Microbiol, Barcelona, Spain.
Hosp Clin Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Dept Microbiol, Barcelona, Spain.
Hosp Clin Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Div Infect Dis, Barcelona, Spain.
Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Dept Microbiol, Barcelona, Spain.
Hosp Univ Bellvitge, Dept Microbiol, Barcelona, Spain.
Hosp Univ Germans Trias & Pujol, Dept Microbiol, Barcelona, Spain.
Hosp del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Cuenca-Estrella, M (reprint author), Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Nacl Microbiol, Serv Micol, Ctra Majadahonda Pozuelo Km 2, Madrid 28220, Spain.
EM mcuenca-estrella@isciii.es
RI Ferrandos, Montserrat/H-7889-2012; Rodriguez-Pardo, Dolors/F-7978-2012;
OI Rodriguez-Pardo, Dolors/0000-0001-6781-5405; Almirante,
Benito/0000-0002-1189-2361
NR 38
TC 93
Z9 103
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-7453
J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH
JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 55
IS 2
BP 194
EP 199
DI 10.1093/jac/dkh548
PG 6
WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 891WR
UT WOS:000226612200011
PM 15618284
ER
PT J
AU Looker, AC
AF Looker, AC
TI Body fat and vitamin D status in black versus white women
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 26th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research
CY OCT 01-05, 2004
CL Seattle, WA
SP Amer Soc Bone & Mineral Res
ID D-ENDOCRINE SYSTEM; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; D DEFICIENCY; NHANES-III; OBESITY;
ADULTS; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; METABOLISM; OVERWEIGHT
AB Obesity has been linked to lower serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] values, but whether this relationship plays a role in the poorer vitamin D status observed in blacks vs. whites is not clear. This study examines the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and percent body fat (%BF) by race in 6042 women (3567 non-Hispanic whites and 2475 non-Hispanic blacks), aged 12+ yr, from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994). Serum 25(OH)D values were measured with an RIA kit (DiaSorin), and %BF was calculated from bioelectrical impedance analysis. Adjusting for %BF only slightly reduced differences in mean serum 25(OH)D by race. The negative relationship between serum 25(OH)D and %BF was noticeably stronger in whites than in blacks of the same age. Within race, the relationship was stronger in younger than older individuals. Adjusting for confounders reduced, but did not remove, these differences in relationship strength. In conclusion, the serum 25(OH)D-%BF relationship in women varies both by race (stronger in whites than blacks) and age (stronger in younger than older persons). This complex relationship may explain why differences in obesity do not appear to play a major role in explaining variation in serum 25(OH)D by race.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
RP Looker, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Room 4310,3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
EM acl1@cdc.gov
NR 30
TC 98
Z9 100
U1 0
U2 3
PU ENDOCRINE SOC
PI CHEVY CHASE
PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA
SN 0021-972X
J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB
JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 90
IS 2
BP 635
EP 640
DI 10.1210/jc.2004-1765
PG 6
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 895HD
UT WOS:000226850700006
PM 15546897
ER
PT J
AU Yang, HL
Kim, SK
Kim, M
Reche, PA
Morehead, TJ
Damon, IK
Welsh, RM
Reinherz, EL
AF Yang, HL
Kim, SK
Kim, M
Reche, PA
Morehead, TJ
Damon, IK
Welsh, RM
Reinherz, EL
TI Antiviral chemotherapy facilitates control of poxvirus infections
through inhibition of cellular signal transduction
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; TYROSINE KINASE; IMMUNITY; COMPLEX; SMALLPOX;
NETWORK; CANCER; DOMAIN; CELLS; ERBB2
AB The EGF-like domain of smallpox growth factor (SPGF) targets human ErbB-1, inducing tyrosine phosphorylation of certain host cellular substrates via activation of the receptor's kinase domain and thereby facilitating viral replication. Given these findings, low molecular weight organic inhibitors of ErbB-1 kinases might function as antiviral agents against smallpox. Here we show that CI-1033 and related 4-anilinoquin-azolines inhibit SPGF-induced human cellular DNA synthesis, protein tyrosine kinase activation, and c-Cbl association with ErbB-1 and resultant internalization. Infection of monkey kidney BSC-40 and VERO-E6 cells in vitro by variola strain Solaimen is blocked by CI-1033, primarily at the level of secondary viral spreading. In an in vivo lethal vaccinia virus pneumonia model, CI-1033 alone promotes survival of animals, augments systemic T cell immunity and, in conjunction with a single dose of anti-L1R intracellular mature virus particle specific mAb, fosters virtually complete viral clearance of the lungs of infected mice by the eighth day after infection. Collectively, these findings show that chemical inhibitors of host-signaling pathways exploited by viral pathogens may represent potent antiviral therapies.
C1 Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Immunobiol Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus Sect, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Reinherz, EL (reprint author), Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Immunobiol Lab, 44 Binney St, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM ellis_reinherz@dfci.harvard.edu
RI Reche, Pedro/B-1881-2013
OI Reche, Pedro/0000-0003-3966-5838
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI019807, AI19807, AI57300, R37 AI019807, R56
AI019807]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR035506]
NR 32
TC 88
Z9 92
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
PI ANN ARBOR
PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA
SN 0021-9738
J9 J CLIN INVEST
JI J. Clin. Invest.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 2
BP 379
EP 387
DI 10.1172/jc1200523200
PG 9
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 895ML
UT WOS:000226867300022
PM 15690085
ER
PT J
AU Marrazzo, JM
Johnson, RE
Green, TA
Stamm, WE
Schachter, J
Bolan, G
Hook, EW
Jones, RB
Martin, DH
Louis, MES
Black, CM
AF Marrazzo, JM
Johnson, RE
Green, TA
Stamm, WE
Schachter, J
Bolan, G
Hook, EW
Jones, RB
Martin, DH
Louis, MES
Black, CM
TI Impact of patient characteristics on performance of nucleic acid
amplification tests and DNA probe for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis
in women with genital infections
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLECTED VAGINAL SWABS; LIGASE CHAIN-REACTION; URINE SPECIMENS;
NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; PCR; DIAGNOSIS; CULTURE; ASSAYS; FIELD; MEN
AB The performance of nucleic acid amplified tests (NAAT) for Chlamydia trachomatis at the cervix and in urine was examined in 3,551 women, and the impacts of clinical findings (age, endocervical and urethral inflammation, menses, and gonococcal coinfection) were assessed. Ligase chain reaction (LCR) and first-generation uniplex PCR were studied relative to an unamplified DNA probe (PACE2) and to an expanded, independent diagnostic reference standard. Relative to the expanded standard, cervical or urine LCR was generally the most sensitive test in most subgroups. Increased detection by NAAT of cervical C. trachomatis over PACE2 was highest among women without mucopurulent endocervical discharge versus those with (relative increase in positivity with cervical LCR, 46%) and among women greater than or equal to20 years old versus younger women (relative increase in positivity with cervical LCR, 45%). The sensitivity of cervical PCR was highest when mucopurullent endocervical discharge was present (84%) and highest for cervical LCR when cervical gonococcal coinfection was detected (91%). Urethral inflammation was associated with higher sensitivities of urine LCR (86 compared to 70% when inflammation was absent) and PCR (82 compared to 62% when inflammation was absent). Menses had no effect on test performance. The effects of patient characteristics on test specificities were less pronounced and were closely related to observed sensitivities. These findings support expanded use of NAAT for screening and diagnosis of C. trachomatis in diverse clinical populations of women.
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA.
Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA.
Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA.
RP Marrazzo, JM (reprint author), Harborview Med Ctr, MPH, Div Infect Dis, 325 9th Ave,Mailbox 359931, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
EM jmm2@u.washington.edu
OI Marrazzo, Jeanne/0000-0002-9277-7364
NR 32
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 577
EP 584
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.577-584.2005
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600008
PM 15695648
ER
PT J
AU Lowell, JL
Wagner, DM
Atshabar, B
Antolin, MF
Vogler, AJ
Keim, P
Chu, MC
Gage, KL
AF Lowell, JL
Wagner, DM
Atshabar, B
Antolin, MF
Vogler, AJ
Keim, P
Chu, MC
Gage, KL
TI Identifying sources of human exposure to plague
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUMBER TANDEM REPEAT; YERSINIA-PESTIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION
AB Yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of plague, has shaped the course of human history, killing millions of people in three major pandemics. This bacterium is still endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, and the Americas, where it poses a natural disease threat to human populations. Y. pestis has also recently received attention as a possible bioterrorism agent. Thus, rapid methods to distinguish between bioterrorism and naturally occurring plague infections are of major importance. Our study is the first to demonstrate that variable-number tandem repeats (VNTRs) in the Y. pestis genome can link human case isolates to those obtained from suspected environmental sources of infection. We demonstrate the valuable utility of VNTR markers in epidemiological investigations of naturally occurring plague and the forensic analysis of possible bioterrorism events.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
M Aikimbayevs Kazakh Sci Ctr Quarantine & Zooton, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan.
No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Lowell, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3500 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
EM rzl9@cdc.gov
RI Wagner, David/A-5125-2010; Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010
NR 25
TC 37
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 650
EP 656
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.650-656.2005
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600019
PM 15695659
ER
PT J
AU Tumpey, TM
Alvarez, R
Swayne, DE
Suarez, DL
AF Tumpey, TM
Alvarez, R
Swayne, DE
Suarez, DL
TI Diagnostic approach for differentiating infected from vaccinated poultry
on the basis of antibodies to NS1, the nonstructural protein of
influenza A virus
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; LIVE BIRD MARKETS; ANIMALS STRATEGY;
UNITED-STATES; CHICKENS; EVOLUTION; EFFICACY; GENES; HEMAGGLUTININ;
INTERFERON
AB Vaccination programs for the control of avian influenza (AI) in poultry have limitations due to the problem of differentiating between vaccinated and virus-infected birds. We have used NS1, the conserved nonstructural protein of influenza A virus, as a differential diagnostic marker for influenza virus infection. Experimentally infected poultry were evaluated for the ability to induce antibodies reactive to NS1 recombinant protein produced in Escherichia coli or to chemically synthesized NS1 peptides. Immune sera were obtained from chickens and turkeys inoculated with live At virus, inactivated purified vaccines, or inactivated commercial vaccines. Seroconversion to positivity for antibodies to the NS1 protein was achieved in birds experimentally infected with multiple subtypes of influenza A virus, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis. In contrast, animals inoculated with inactivated gradient-purified vaccines had no seroconversion to positivity for antibodies to the NS1 protein, and animals vaccinated with commercial vaccines had low, but detectable, levels of NS1 antibodies. The use of a second ELISA with diluted sera identified a diagnostic test that results in seropositivity for antibodies to the NS1 protein only in infected birds. For the field application phase of this study, serum samples were collected from vaccinated and infected poultry, diluted, and screened for anti-NS1 antibodies. Field sera from poultry that received commercial At vaccines were found to possess antibodies against AI virus, as measured by the standard agar gel precipitin (AGP) test, but they were negative by the NS1 ELISA. Conversely, diluted field sera from AI-infected poultry were positive for both AGP and NS1 antibodies. These results demonstrate the potential benefit of a simple, specific ELISA for anti-NS1 antibodies that may have diagnostic value for the poultry industries.
C1 USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, ARS, Athens, GA USA.
Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Branch, DVRD, NCID, Mail Stop G-16,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM tft9@cdc.gov
NR 44
TC 69
Z9 90
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 676
EP 683
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.676-683.2005
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600023
PM 15695663
ER
PT J
AU Cowan, LS
Diem, L
Monson, T
Wand, P
Temporado, D
Oemig, TV
Crawford, JT
AF Cowan, LS
Diem, L
Monson, T
Wand, P
Temporado, D
Oemig, TV
Crawford, JT
TI Evaluation of a two-step approach for large-scale, prospective
genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in the United States
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE UNITS; LOW COPY NUMBERS; DIFFERENTIATION;
RECOMMENDATIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; BACTERIA; COMPLEX
AB Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates is useful in tuberculosis control for confirming suspected transmission links, identifying unsuspected transmission, and detecting or confirming possible false-positive cultures. The value is greatly increased by reducing the turnaround time from positive culture to genotyping result and by increasing the proportion of cases for which results are available. Although IS6110 fingerprinting provides the highest discrimination, amplification-based methods allow rapid, high-throughput processing and yield digital results that can be readily analyzed and thus are better suited for large-scale genotyping. M. tuberculosis isolates (n = 259) representing 99% of culture-positive cases of tuberculosis diagnosed in Wisconsin in the years 2000 to 2003 were genotyped by using spoligotyping, mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit (MIRU) typing, and IS6110 fingerprinting. Spoligotyping clustered 64.1% of the isolates, MIRU typing clustered 46.7% of the isolates, and IS6110 fingerprinting clustered 29.7% of the isolates. The combination of spoligotyping and MIRU typing yielded 184 unique isolates and 26 clusters containing 75 isolates (29.0%). The addition of IS6110 fingerprinting reduced the number of clustered isolates to 30 (11.6%) if an exact pattern match was required or to 44 (17.0%) if the definition of a matching IS6110 fingerprint was expanded to include patterns that differed by the addition of a single band. Regardless of the genotyping method chosen, the addition of a second or third method decreased clustering. Our results indicate that using spoligotyping and MIRU typing together provides adequate discrimination in most cases. IS6110 fingerprinting can then be used as a secondary typing method to type the clustered isolates when additional discrimination is needed.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA.
Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI USA.
Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA.
RP Crawford, JT (reprint author), Mailstop F08,CDC,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM JCrawford@cdc.gov
NR 18
TC 103
Z9 105
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 688
EP 695
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.688-695.2005
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600025
PM 15695665
ER
PT J
AU Lopardo, HA
Vidal, P
Sparo, M
Jeric, P
Centron, D
Facklam, RR
Paganini, H
Pagniez, NG
Lovgren, M
Beall, B
AF Lopardo, HA
Vidal, P
Sparo, M
Jeric, P
Centron, D
Facklam, RR
Paganini, H
Pagniez, NG
Lovgren, M
Beall, B
CA Argentinian Streptococcus Study Gr
TI Six-month multicenter study on invasive infections due to Streptococcus
pyogenes and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis in Argentina
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUP-A STREPTOCOCCI; LEVEL AMINOGLYCOSIDE RESISTANCE; GROUP-C;
M-PROTEINS; ERYTHROMYCIN; GENE; MECHANISMS; PENICILLIN; EMM;
SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB During a 6-month period, 95 invasive infections due to Streptococcus pyogenes and group C or group G Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis were recorded from 40 centers of 16 cities in Argentina. We describe here epidemiologic data available for 55 and 19 patients, respectively, associated with invasive infections due to S. pyogenes and S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. The associated isolates and 58 additional pharyngeal isolates were genotyped and subjected to serologic and/or antibiotic susceptibility testing. Group A streptococcal emm type distribution and strain association with toxic shock appeared to differ somewhat from results found within the United States; however, serologic characterization and sof sequence typing suggested that emm types found in both countries are reflective of shared clonal types.
C1 Hosp Pediat Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Microbiol Serv, RA-1245 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
Hosp Pediat Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Serv Epidemiol Infectol & Med Prevent, RA-1245 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
Hosp Ramon Santamarina, Tandil, Argentina.
Hosp Pirovano, Tres Arroyos, Argentina.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Alberta, Hosp Edmonton, Prov Lab Publ Hlth, Natl Ctr Streptococcus, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
RP Lopardo, HA (reprint author), Hosp Pediat Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Microbiol Serv, Combate Pozos 1881, RA-1245 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
EM hlopardo@garrahan.gov.ar
NR 33
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 802
EP 807
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.802-807.2005
PG 6
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600043
PM 15695683
ER
PT J
AU Tzeng, WP
Zhou, Y
Icenogle, J
Frey, TK
AF Tzeng, WP
Zhou, Y
Icenogle, J
Frey, TK
TI Novel replicon-based reporter gene assay for detection of rubella virus
in clinical specimens
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CONGENITAL-RUBELLA; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION;
PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; INFECTION; AMERICA; SAMPLES; PCR; EPIDEMIOLOGY;
ELIMINATION
AB Proof of concept for a novel diagnostic assay for rubella virus (RUB) based on RUB replicons expressing reporter genes was demonstrated. RUB replicons have the structural protein coding region replaced with a reporter gene such as green fluorescent protein or chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. Previously, it was shown that a replicon construct with a specific in-frame deletion in the nonstructural protein coding region (Notl, approximately nucleotides 1500 to 2100 of the genome) failed to replicate and express the reporter gene unless rescued by a coinfecting wild-type helper RUB (W.-P. Tzeng et al., Virology 289:63-73, 2001). In the present study, it was found that rescue of reporter gene expression by Notl replicons occurred when coinfection was done with clinical specimens containing RUB, indicating that this system could be the basis for a diagnostic assay. The assay was sensitive, using laboratory RUB strains and as low a dose as one plaque-forming unit. The assay was specific in that it was positive for RUB strains of both genotypes and was negative for a panel of human viruses. It was also possible to genetically sequence the RUB present in positive clinical specimens detected in the assay for genotypic strain determination.
C1 Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Measles Virus Sect, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
RP Frey, TK (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, 24 Peachtree Ctr Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
EM tfrey@gsu.edu
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI021389, AI21389]
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 879
EP 885
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.879-885.2005
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600055
PM 15695695
ER
PT J
AU Jones, RN
Anderegg, TR
Swenson, JM
AF Jones, RN
Anderegg, TR
Swenson, JM
CA Quality Control Working Grp
TI Quality control guidelines for testing gram-negative control strains
with polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin E) by standardized methods
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; INTRAVENOUS COLISTIN; BACTERIA
AB An eight-laboratory study addressed the urgent need for quality control (QC) ranges for susceptibility determination when testing colistin (polymyxin E) and polymyxin B, two polycationic peptide antimicrobial agents, against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. For Escherichia coli ATCC 259221, the QC ranges were as follows: for colistin, 0.25 to 1 mug/ml (11 to 17 mm), and for polymyxin B, 0.25 to 2 mug/ml (13 to 19 mm). For Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, the QC ranges were as follows: for colistin, 0.25 to 2 mug/ml (11 to 17 mm), and for polymyxin B, 0.25 to 2 mug/ml (14 to 18 mm). More than 97% of all reported QC results were within these proposed ranges.
C1 JMI Labs Inc, JONES Grp, N Liberty, IA 52317 USA.
Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Jones, RN (reprint author), JMI Labs Inc, JONES Grp, 345 Beaver Kreek Ctr,Suite A, N Liberty, IA 52317 USA.
EM ronald-jones@jmilabs.com
NR 15
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 925
EP 927
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.925-927.2005
PG 3
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600068
PM 15695708
ER
PT J
AU Facklam, R
Elliott, J
Shewmaker, L
Reingold, A
AF Facklam, R
Elliott, J
Shewmaker, L
Reingold, A
TI Identification and characterization of sporadic isolates of
Streptococcus iniae isolated from humans
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INFECTIONS; PATHOGEN; PORCINUS
AB Seven reference strains and seven clinical isolates of Streptococcus iniae, submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Streptococcus Reference Laboratory between 2001 and 2004, were successfully identified by a conventional identification system. The seven randomly submitted clinical isolates were sensitive to beta-lactams, macrolides, quinolones, and vancomycin. Two of the seven clinical isolates were resistant to tetracycline. All seven strains grew well and multiplied in a phagocytosis assay. One of the seven randomly submitted strains was more similar to the type strain of S. iniae than to the other six strains. The latter six strains were similar if not identical to representative strains from a cluster of disease in Canada (M. R. Weinstein et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 337:589-594, 1997).
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Facklam, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM rrf2@cdc.gov
NR 18
TC 50
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 933
EP 937
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.933-937.2005
PG 5
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600071
PM 15695711
ER
PT J
AU Gertz, RE
McEllistrem, MC
Boxrud, DJ
Li, ZY
Sakota, V
Thompson, TA
Facklam, RR
Besser, JM
Harrison, LH
Whitney, CG
Beall, B
AF Gertz, RE
McEllistrem, MC
Boxrud, DJ
Li, ZY
Sakota, V
Thompson, TA
Facklam, RR
Besser, JM
Harrison, LH
Whitney, CG
Beall, B
TI Clonal distribution of invasive pneumococcal isolates from children and
selected adults in the United States prior to 7-valent conjugate vaccine
introduction (vol 41, pg 4149, 2003)
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Div Infect Dis, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
Minnesota Dept Hlth, Acute Dis Epidemiol Sect, Minneapolis, MN USA.
Minnesota Dept Hlth, Div Publ Hlth Labs, Minneapolis, MN USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Gertz, RE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 2
BP 1013
EP 1013
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.2.1013.2005
PG 1
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 897ZO
UT WOS:000227045600098
ER
PT J
AU Glew, RS
VanderJagt, DJ
Bosse, R
Huang, YS
Chuang, LT
Glew, RH
AF Glew, RS
VanderJagt, DJ
Bosse, R
Huang, YS
Chuang, LT
Glew, RH
TI The nutrient content of three edible plants of the Republic of Niger
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE fatty acids; minerals; protein; Niger; nutrients; wild plant foods
ID CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; AMINO-ACID-ANALYSIS; COPPER; ZINC; DERIVATIZATION;
CHROMATOGRAPHY; DEFICIENCY; CHILDREN; RICKETS; LEAVES
AB People in Niger and elsewhere in the western Sahel consume wild and cultivated edible plants to satisfy their nutritional requirements. In many parts of the Republic of Niger farmers in rural areas produce insufficient yields of millet, the staple grain of the region. During periods of grain shortage people in rural Niger increase their reliance on wild plant foods to supplement their diets. Having a database of the nutrient content of wild and cultivated edible plants available in the region would be of value to educators and public health officials positioned to provide dietary advice to the food-stressed populations. Herein we report the fatty acid, amino acid and mineral and trace element content of three leafy plant foods collected in July 2002 in the villages of Droum and Zongon Mallam in the Republic of Niger: cecego (Sesbania pachycarpa), godilo/gudai (Crataeva religiosa), and cabbage leaf (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). All three plants contained large amounts of protein (18.6-36.2%) whose proportions of essential amino acids compared favorably with the WHO standard. Godilo/gudai and cabbage leaf contained large amounts of calcium (23.5-27.4 mg/g dry weight). All three plants contained potentially useful amounts of copper, zinc, iron, and a number of other essential minerals and trace elements, but no detectable selenium. However, the levels of the essential fatty acids, linoleic acid and a-linolenic acid, were low compared to other edible plant foods that are widely available in Niger. The data in this report underscore the potential value and utility of wild edible plants relative to the nutrition of people who live in rural Niger and elsewhere in the Sahel. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Ctr Adv Study Int Dev, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Abbott Labs, Ross Products Div, Columbus, OH USA.
RP Glew, RH (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 915 Camino Salud NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM rglew@salud.unm.edu
NR 31
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0889-1575
J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL
JI J. Food Compos. Anal.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 18
IS 1
BP 15
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2003.12.002
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 879UR
UT WOS:000225744900003
ER
PT J
AU Oberste, MS
Maher, K
Michele, SM
Belliot, G
Uddin, M
Pallansch, MA
AF Oberste, MS
Maher, K
Michele, SM
Belliot, G
Uddin, M
Pallansch, MA
TI Enteroviruses 76, 89, 90 and 91 represent a novel group within the
species Human enterovirus A
SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; UNTYPABLE ENTEROVIRUSES; FREQUENT
RECOMBINATION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; COMPLETE GENOME; VP1; CIRCULATION;
EVOLUTION; CLASSIFICATION; PICORNAVIRUSES
AB Molecular methods have enabled the rapid identification of new enterovirus (EV) serotypes that would have been untypable using existing neutralizing antisera. Nineteen strains of lour new EV types termed EV76 (11 isolates), EV89 (two isolates), EV90 (four isolates) and EV91 (two isolates), isolated from clinical specimens from patients in France (one isolate) and Bangladesh (18 isolates), are described. Nucleotide sequences encoding the VP1 capsid protein (882-888 nt) are less than 65% identical to the homologous sequences of the recognized human EV serotypes, but within each group the sequences are more than 78% identical. The deduced amino acid sequences of the complete capsid (PI) region are more than 94% identical within type but less than 76% identical to those of the recognized serotypes. For both VP1 and P1, the 19 isolates are monophyletic by type with respect to all other EV serotypes. Using the proposed molecular typing scheme, these data support their identification as four new types within the species Human enterovirus A (HEV-A). In almost all cases, ins VP1 sequences were more similar to those of some simian EVs than to the human EVs. Partial 3D sequences of all 19 isolates also clustered within HEV-A; they were monophyletic as a group, but not by type, suggesting that recombination has occurred among viruses of these four types. Partial 3D sequences were more closely related to those of simian EVs than to human viruses in HEV-A. These results suggest that the four new types may represent a new subgroup within HEV-A, in addition to the existing human and simian subgroups.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Oberste, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-17, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM soberste@cdc.gov
NR 37
TC 100
Z9 115
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG,
BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1317
J9 J GEN VIROL
JI J. Gen. Virol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 86
BP 445
EP 451
DI 10.1099/vir.0.80475-0
PN 2
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
GA 893SC
UT WOS:000226738500022
PM 15659764
ER
PT J
AU White, DM
Wilson, WC
Blair, CD
Beaty, BJ
AF White, DM
Wilson, WC
Blair, CD
Beaty, BJ
TI Studies on overwintering of bluetongue viruses in insects
SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CULICOIDES-VARIIPENNIS DIPTERA; CELL-LINES; TRANSOVARIAL TRANSMISSION;
NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SONORENSIS DIPTERA; GENOME SEGMENTS; UNITED-STATES;
CERATOPOGONIDAE; PROTEIN; REPLICATION
AB Bluetongue viruses (BTVs) are economically important arboviruses that affect sheep and cattle. The overwintering mechanism of BTVs in temperate climates has eluded researchers for many years. Many arboviruses overwinter in their invertebrate vectors. To test the hypothesis that BTVs overwinter in their vertically infected insect vectors, Culicoides sonorensis larvae were collected from long-term study sites in northern Colorado, USA, and assayed for the presence of BTV RNA by nested RT-PCR. Sequences from BTV RNA segment 7 were detected in 30% (17/56) of pools composed of larvae and pupae collected in 1998 and in 10%(31/319)of pools composed of adults reared from larvae collected in 1996. BTV was not isolated from the insects. Additionally, Culicoides cell-culture lines derived from material collected at one of the sites, of derived from insect samples collected during a BTV outbreak, contained BTV RNA segment In contrast, segment 2 RNA was detected at half the rate of segment 7 RNA in the field-collected larvae and was only detected in the Culicoides cell lines with one of two primer sets. These data suggest that BTVs could overwinter in the insect vector and that there is reduced expression of the outer capsid genes during persistent infection.
C1 USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Dept 3354, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP White, DM (reprint author), CDC, Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Bldg 15-SB,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM chz8@cdc.gov
NR 39
TC 50
Z9 54
U1 1
U2 14
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG,
BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1317
J9 J GEN VIROL
JI J. Gen. Virol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 86
BP 453
EP 462
DI 10.1099/vir.0.80290-0
PN 2
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
GA 893SC
UT WOS:000226738500023
PM 15659765
ER
PT J
AU Ghanem, KG
Shah, N
Klein, RS
Mayer, KH
Sobel, JD
Warren, DL
Jamieson, DJ
Duerr, AC
Rompalo, AM
AF Ghanem, KG
Shah, N
Klein, RS
Mayer, KH
Sobel, JD
Warren, DL
Jamieson, DJ
Duerr, AC
Rompalo, AM
CA HIV Epidemiology Res Study Grp
TI Influence of sex hormones, HIV status, and concomitant sexually
transmitted infection on cervicovaginal inflammation
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America
CY OCT 09-12, 2003
CL San Diego, CA
SP Infect Dis Soc Amer
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; FEMALE GENITAL-TRACT; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE;
VAGINAL TRANSMISSION; TYPE-1 TRANSMISSION; VIRAL LOAD; RNA LEVELS;
WOMEN; SECRETIONS; PLASMA
AB The impact of demographic characteristics, phase of the menstrual cycle, use of hormonal contraceptives, and concomitant lower genital-tract infections on cervicovaginal inflammatory cells was assessed in 967 women, 654 of whom were infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) fluid was evaluated for total white blood cell (WBC), polymorphonuclear leukocyte, and monocyte counts. HIV-1 infection was not associated with statistically significant differences in numbers of inflammatory cells in CVL fluid except in 1 group-HIV-1-infected women with Chlamydia trachomatis infection had a 0.43 log(10) higher WBC count than their HIV-uninfected, chlamydia-positive counterparts (P = .04). Younger age and use of progesterone-based hormonal contraceptives were independently associated with increased numbers of inflammatory cells in CVL fluid. A 0.15-0.2 log(10) increase in inflammatory cells was seen in black versus white and Hispanic women after adjustment for known potential confounders. Progesterone-based contraceptives, younger age, and race have an independent effect on cervicovaginal inflammatory cells.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA.
Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.
Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.
Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Ghanem, KG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Bayview Med Ctr, B3 N,4940 Eastern Ave, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
EM kghanem@jhmi.edu
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U64/CCU506831, U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798,
U64/CCU306802]
NR 36
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 191
IS 3
BP 358
EP 366
DI 10.1086/427190
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 885BH
UT WOS:000226130500006
PM 15633094
ER
PT J
AU Aral, SO
Padian, NS
Holmes, KK
AF Aral, SO
Padian, NS
Holmes, KK
TI Advances in multilevel approaches to understanding the epidemiology and
prevention of sexually transmitted infections and HIV: An overview
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; DEMOGRAPHIC-IMPACT; TYPE-1 INFECTION;
UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; DISEASES; DETERMINANTS; TRANSMISSION; AIDS;
RATES
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Obstet Gynecol & Res Dept, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Univ Washington, Ctr AIDS & STDs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Aral, SO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCHSTP, Informat Technol Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM soa1@cdc.gov
NR 60
TC 52
Z9 54
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-1899
EI 1537-6613
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 191
SU 1
BP S1
EP S6
DI 10.1086/425290
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 885BV
UT WOS:000226132300001
PM 15627219
ER
PT J
AU Doherty, IA
Padian, NS
Marlow, C
Aral, SO
AF Doherty, IA
Padian, NS
Marlow, C
Aral, SO
TI Determinants and consequences of sexual networks as they affect the
spread of sexually transmitted infections
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CONCURRENT PARTNERSHIPS; MIXING PATTERNS;
SOCIAL NETWORKS; HIV-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE TRANSMISSION;
EPIDEMIC THRESHOLDS; RISK BEHAVIORS; CHLAMYDIA
AB Because pathogens spread only within the unique context of a sexual union between people when one person is infectious, the other is susceptible to new infection, and condoms are not used to prevent transmission, the epidemiological study of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is particularly challenging. Social network analysis entails the study of ties among people and how the structure and quality of such ties affect individuals and overall group dynamics. Although ascertaining complete sexual networks is difficult, application of this approach has provided unique insights into the spread of STIs that traditional individual-based epidemiological methods do not capture. This article provides a brief background on the design and assessments of studies of social networks, to illustrate how these methods have been applied to understanding the distribution of STIs, to inform the development of interventions for STI control.
C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Ctr Reprod Hlth Res & Policy, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
MIT, Media Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Doherty, IA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, CB 7030,130 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM doherty@med.unc.edu
NR 73
TC 123
Z9 125
U1 0
U2 7
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 191
SU 1
BP S42
EP S54
DI 10.1086/425277
PG 13
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 885BV
UT WOS:000226132300005
PM 15627230
ER
PT J
AU Ghani, AC
Aral, SO
AF Ghani, AC
Aral, SO
TI Patterns of sex worker-client contacts and their implications for the
persistence of sexually transmitted infections
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID COMMERCIAL SEX; TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS; SOUTH-AFRICA; HIV; PREVALENCE;
RISK; BENIN; INTERVENTION; GONORRHEA; BEHAVIOR
AB Sex workers (SWs) and their clients are often identified as being central in transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Little is known about how patterns of contact between SWs and their clients influence the persistence of STIs. We developed an individual-based simulation model to explore how variation in number of client contacts per SW, whether clients repeatedly visited the same SW, and the relative sizes of the SW and client populations influence the endemic prevalence of gonorrhea and herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. Persistence of either infection was more likely if clients visited many different SWs, regardless of variation in the SW-client contact rate, and also resulted in a higher endemic prevalence in both populations and a greater likelihood of persistence of infection at lower levels in the general population. The size of the SW population (relative to the total population) was found to be most important in determining the overall prevalence of infection.
C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Fac Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London W2 1PG, England.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Ghani, AC (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Fac Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, Norfolk Pl, London W2 1PG, England.
EM a.ghani@imperial.ac.uk
RI Ghani, Azra/B-8560-2009
NR 21
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 191
SU 1
BP S34
EP S41
DI 10.1086/425276
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 885BV
UT WOS:000226132300004
PM 15627229
ER
PT J
AU Peterman, TA
Lindsey, CA
Selik, RM
AF Peterman, TA
Lindsey, CA
Selik, RM
TI This place is killing me: A comparison of counties where the incidence
rates of AIDS increased the most and the least
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; SOCIAL-ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH; INEQUALITIES; MORTALITY;
SYPHILIS; POVERTY
AB Background. The objective of this study was to identify the socioeconomic and health characteristics of communities with the largest proportional increases in incidence rates of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS).
Methods. Reported AIDS cases (1981-1990 and 1995-1999) were used for a comparison between 20 US counties with the largest proportional increases in incidence rates of AIDS and 20 US counties with the smallest increases. Data were obtained from Community Health Status Indicators Reports of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) and from the US Census Bureau.
Results. Counties with the largest increases in the incidence of AIDS had lower levels of income, education, and literacy; higher incidence rates of syphilis, age-adjusted mortality ( all causes), and infant mortality; more low-birth-weight infants; and higher levels on all 9 specific mortality measures in the HRSA reports.
Conclusions. The incidence of AIDS increased the most in areas where many other health problems occurred. Research is needed to identify and address the root causes of ill health.
C1 CDCP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Reprint Serv, Off Commun,NCHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Peterman, TA (reprint author), CDCP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Reprint Serv, Off Commun,NCHSTP, Mail Stop E-06,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM tpeterman@cdc.gov
NR 27
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 191
SU 1
BP S123
EP S126
DI 10.1086/425284
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 885BV
UT WOS:000226132300014
PM 15627222
ER
PT J
AU Kalou, M
Sassan-Morokro, M
Abouya, L
Bile, C
Maurice, C
Maran, M
Tossou, O
Roels, T
Greenberg, AE
Wiktor, SZ
Nkengasong, JN
AF Kalou, M
Sassan-Morokro, M
Abouya, L
Bile, C
Maurice, C
Maran, M
Tossou, O
Roels, T
Greenberg, AE
Wiktor, SZ
Nkengasong, JN
TI Changes in HIV RNA viral load, CD4+ T-cell counts, and levels of immune
activation markers associated with anti-tuberculosis therapy and
cotrimoxazole prophylaxis among HIV-infected tuberculosis patients in
Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;
TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; POSITIVE TUBERCULOSIS; LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS;
TYPE-1; PLASMA; MORTALITY; BLOOD
AB We analyzed changes in plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 viral load, CD4+ T-cell count, and markers of immune activation markers at start of treatment of tuberculosis and 12 months after among 44 HIV-1-infected patients with newly diagnosed, sputum-smear positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis pulmonary infection. All patients received a standard regimen of 6 months of rifampicin and isoniazid with first 2 months of pyrazinamid with or without cotrimoxazole. Compared with values at start of treatment, median viral load increased by a median of 0.64 log(10) copies/ml after 12 months of follow-up (P=0.0002). Median CD4+ T-cell counts were 393 cells/L at start of treatment and 370 cells/L after 12 months of follow-up (P=0.61). Levels of serum activation markers decreased significantly at 12 months of follow-up of the patients for both patients on standard and cotrimoxazole treatment. Levels of viral load, CD4+ T-cell counts, and markers of immune activation were not different for patients on standard treatment of tuberculosis compared with those on standard and cotrimoxazole treatment. Levels of serum activation markers decreased significantly at 12 months of follow-up of the patients for both patients on standard and cotrimoxazole treatment. Because viral load is a predictor of disease progression, its persistent elevated levels in blood of HIV-infected patients co-infected with tuberculosis, who successfully complete TB treatment, may account for the high mortality observed in this population. Published 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res Lab, Div AIDS STD TB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Projet RETRO CI, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire.
RP Nkengasong, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res Lab, Div AIDS STD TB, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM jcn5@cdc.gov
NR 32
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0146-6615
J9 J MED VIROL
JI J. Med. Virol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 75
IS 2
BP 202
EP 208
DI 10.1002/jmv.20257
PG 7
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 883KG
UT WOS:000226009400004
PM 15602734
ER
PT J
AU Ellepola, ANB
Morrison, CJ
AF Ellepola, ANB
Morrison, CJ
TI Laboratory diagnosis of invasive candidiasis
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE candida; diagnosis; candidiasis; laboratory tests
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MEDICALLY IMPORTANT CANDIDA;
LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; MAJOR
CYTOPLASMIC ANTIGEN; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; STRAND CONFORMATIONAL
POLYMORPHISM; RESTRICTION ENZYME ANALYSIS; LATEX AGGLUTINATION-TEST;
BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS
AB Invasive candidiasis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Clinical diagnosis is complicated by a lack of specific clinical signs and symptoms of disease. Laboratory diagnosis is also complex because circulating antibodies to Candida species may occur in normal individuals as the result of commensal colonization of mucosal surfaces thereby reducing the usefulness of antibody detection for the diagnosis of this disease. In addition, Candida species antigens are often rapidly cleared from the circulation so that antigen detection tests often lack the desired level of sensitivity. Microbiological confirmation is difficult because blood cultures can be negative in up to 50% of autopsy-proven cases of deep-seated candidiasis or may only become positive late in the infection. Positive cultures from urine or mucosal surfaces do not necessarily indicate invasive disease although can occur during systemic infection. Furthermore, differences in the virulence and in the susceptibility of the various Candida species to antifungal drugs make identification to the species level important for clinical management. Newer molecular biological tests have generated interest but are not yet standardized or readily available in most clinical laboratory settings nor have they been validated in large clinical trials. Laboratory surveillance of at-risk patients could result in earlier initiation of antifungal therapy if sensitive and specific diagnostic tests, which are also cost effective, become available. This review will compare diagnostic tests currently in use as well as those under development by describing their assets and limitations for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Peradeniya, Fac Dent Sci, Dept Oral Med & Periodontol, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
RP Morrison, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM cjm3@cdc.gov
NR 178
TC 94
Z9 108
U1 0
U2 6
PU MICROBIOLOGICAL SOCIETY KOREA
PI SEOUL
PA KOREA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER 803, 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU,
SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1225-8873
J9 J MICROBIOL
JI J. Microbiol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
SI SI
BP 65
EP 84
PG 20
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 915SF
UT WOS:000228323900001
PM 15765060
ER
PT J
AU Hunsperger, E
Roehrig, JT
AF Hunsperger, E
Roehrig, JT
TI Characterization of West Nile viral replication and maturation in
peripheral neurons in culture
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE brefeldin A; dorsal root ganglion; neurons; nocodazole; persistence;
West Nile virus (WNV)
ID BORNE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; NEW-YORK-CITY; UNITED-STATES;
ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; VERO CELLS; INFECTION; FLAVIVIRUS; ESTABLISHMENT;
NOCODAZOLE; EPIDEMIC
AB The North American West Nile virus (WNV), New York 1999 strain, appears to be highly neurotropic, and its neuroinvasiveness is an important aspect of human disease. The authors have developed an in vitro model to study WNV replication and protein processing in neurons. They compared WNV infection of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons (sensory neurons) and PC-12 cells (sympathetic neurons) to WNV infection of the mosquito cell line, C6/36, and Vero cells. WNV infection of both neuronal cell types and C6/36 cells was not cytopathic up to 30 days post infection, and continual viral shedding was observed during this period. However, WNV infection of Vero cells was lytic. Interestingly, WNV infection of neurons was not efficient, requiring a high multiplicity of infection of greater than or equal to10. Indirect immunofluorescence assays using normal and confocal microscopy with flavivirus-reactive antibodies and WNV-infected neurons demonstrated viral antigen mostly associated with the plasma membrane and in the neurite processes. Treatment of WNV-infected C6/36, PC-12, or DRG cells with brefeldin A (BFA; a trans-Golgi inhibitor) or nocadazole (a beta-tubulin inhibitor) had little effect on viral maturation and secretion. Treatment of WNV-infected Vero cells with BFA resulted in a 1000-fold decrease in viral titer, but nocodazole had no effect. Our studies suggest that even though PC-12 and DRG neurons are mammalian cells, viral protein processing and maturation in these cells more closely resembles replication in C6/36 insect cells than in mammalian Vero cells.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv, Dept Hlth & Human Serv,Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
RP Hunsperger, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv, Dept Hlth & Human Serv,Natl Ctr Infect Dis, POB 2087,Foothills Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
EM enh4@cdc.gov
OI Roehrig, John/0000-0001-7581-0479
NR 37
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1355-0284
J9 J NEUROVIROL
JI J. Neurovirol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 11
EP 22
DI 10.1080/13550280590900454
PG 12
WC Neurosciences; Virology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Virology
GA 903PR
UT WOS:000227438600002
PM 15804955
ER
PT J
AU Ledikwe, JH
Blanck, HM
Khan, LK
Serdula, MK
Seymour, JD
Tohill, BC
Rolls, BJ
AF Ledikwe, JH
Blanck, HM
Khan, LK
Serdula, MK
Seymour, JD
Tohill, BC
Rolls, BJ
TI Dietary energy density determined by eight calculation methods in a
nationally representative united states population
SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE energy density; intraindividual variation; methodology; diet
ID WEIGHT STATUS; MACRONUTRIENT COMPOSITION; FOOD; WOMEN; CONSUMPTION;
BEVERAGES; CARBOHYDRATE; CHILDREN; QUALITY; HUMANS
AB Dietary energy density [kcal/g (kJ/g)] influences energy intake under controlled laboratory conditions. Little is known about the energy density of the diets of free-living persons. Because energy density investigations are a relatively new endeavor, there are neither standard calculation methods nor published nationally representative values. This paper examines the calculation of energy density based on systematic exclusion of beverage categories, presents data on variability, and compares values by sex, age, and race/ethnicity in a representative sample of U.S. adults. Mean daily dietary energy density values for adults (aged > 19 y) were calculated using two 24-h recalls from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals 1994-1996 based on food, food and liquid meal replacements, food and alcohol, food and juice, food and milk, food and juice and milk, food and energy-containing beverages, and food and all beverages. Energy density varied by calculation method, ranging from 0.94 to 1.85 kcal/g (3.93-7.74 kJ/g). Intraindividual-to-interindividual CV ratios were highest for the food and energy-containing beverages calculation. Men reported diets with a higher energy density than women for all calculation methods (P < 0.0001). There were differences by race/ethnicity and an inverse linear trend for age. These data indicate that beverage inclusion schemes should be clearly defined when reporting energy density values. In epidemiologic studies, calculations based on food and all beverages and food and energy-containing beverages may diminish associations with outcome variables. These nationally representative data, which provide an important frame of reference for other studies, indicate that dietary energy density differs by sex, age, and race/ethnicity.
C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, State Coll, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Publ Hlth Promot, Div Nutr & Phys Activ, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Ledikwe, JH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, State Coll, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM mvh111@psu.edu
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 059853, R37 DK 039177]
NR 27
TC 172
Z9 176
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-3166
J9 J NUTR
JI J. Nutr.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 135
IS 2
BP 273
EP 278
PG 6
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 894GU
UT WOS:000226779700021
PM 15671225
ER
PT J
AU Euler, AR
Mitchell, DK
Kline, R
Pickering, LK
AF Euler, AR
Mitchell, DK
Kline, R
Pickering, LK
TI Prebiotic effect of fructo-oligosaccharide supplemented term infant
formula at two concentrations compared with unsupplemented formula and
human milk
SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTLE-FED INFANTS; FECAL FLORA; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; INTESTINAL
FLORA; LACTOBACILLUS-GG; IN-VITRO; PREVENTION; DIARRHEA; NEWBORN;
FRUCTOOLIGOSACCHARIDE
AB Background: Human milk components, including oligosaccharides, affect the gastrointestinal flora of infants. Previous studies in adults have demonstrated that fructo-oligosaccharides increase potentially beneficial fecal bacteria, including bifidobacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the prebiotic effect of infant formula supplemented with fructo-oligosaccharides.
Methods: Healthy term infants 2 to 6 weeks of age were enrolled in a 5-week, prospective, randomized, crossover, single-site study with a nonrandomized human milk comparator group. Washout weeks preceded and followed a week of feeding with fructo-oligosaccharide-supplemented formula (1.5 or 3.0 g/L). Stool specimens were quantitatively cultured weekly for bacteroides, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, clostridia and enterococci and were tested for Clostridium difficile toxin.
Results: Seventy-two of 87 infants completed the trial; 58 were formula fed and 14 were human milk fed. Mean counts of bitidobacteria and lactobacilli were similar in all groups at entry and no group experienced a significant change in counts with fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation. After 7 days of fructooligosaccharide supplementation the bifidobacteria counts were greater in the 1.5 g/L fructo-oligosaccharide formula group than in the human milk fed or 3.0 g/L fructo-oligosaccharide formula groups. Formula-fed infants had higher counts of enterococci and bacteroides before fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation, and these counts did not change after supplementation. Clostridium counts increased 7 days after supplementation in the 1.5 g/L fructo-oligosaccharide formula group (P = 0.0356). No human milk fed infants had C. difficile toxin in stools. Fructo-oligosaccharide (3.0 g/L) supplementation resulted in more frequent and significantly softer stools.
Conclusions: Infant formula supplemented with 1.5 or 3.0 g/L fructo-oligosaccharides was safe but had minimal effect on fecal flora and C. difficile toxin.
C1 Wyeth Nutr, Collegeville, PA USA.
Eastern Virginia Med Sch, Childrens Hosp Kings Daughters, Ctr Pediat Res, Norfolk, VA 23501 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Euler, AR (reprint author), 2316 Stacey Hollow Pl, Lafayette, IN 47905 USA.
EM a.euler@insightbb.com
NR 34
TC 77
Z9 85
U1 0
U2 8
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0277-2116
J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR
JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 40
IS 2
BP 157
EP 164
DI 10.1097/00005176-200502000-00014
PG 8
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics
GA 894HY
UT WOS:000226783000014
PM 15699689
ER
PT J
AU Grosse, SD
AF Grosse, SD
TI Does newborn screening save money? The difference between cost-effective
and cost-saving interventions
SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BENEFIT-ANALYSIS; PRENATAL-CARE; UNIVERSAL
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-87, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 22
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0022-3476
EI 1097-6833
J9 J PEDIATR-US
JI J. Pediatr.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 146
IS 2
BP 168
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.10.015
PG 3
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 895FM
UT WOS:000226846300006
PM 15689900
ER
PT J
AU Sacks, JJ
Harrold, LR
Helmick, CG
Gurwitz, JH
Emani, S
Yood, RA
AF Sacks, JJ
Harrold, LR
Helmick, CG
Gurwitz, JH
Emani, S
Yood, RA
TI Validation of a surveillance case definition for arthritis
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE arthritis; surveillance; prevalence; case definitions; epidemiology;
validation
ID SYMPTOMATIC KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATIC CONDITIONS; UNITED-STATES;
MANAGEMENT; QUALITY; RISK
AB Objective. To assess whether self-reports of chronic joint symptoms or doctor-diagnosed arthritis can validly identify persons with clinically verifiable arthritis.
Methods. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a telephone health survey, defines a case of arthritis as a self-report of chronic joint symptoms (CJS) and/or doctor-diagnosed arthritis (DDx). A sample of health plan enrollees aged 45-64 years and greater than or equal to 65 years with upcoming annual physical examinations were surveyed by telephone using the 2002 BRFSS CJS and DDx questions. Based on responses (CJS+, DDx-; CJS-, DDx+; CJS+, DDx+; CJS-, DDx-), respondents were recruited to undergo a standardized clinical history and physical examination for arthritis (the gold standard for clinical validation). Weighted sensitivities and specificities of the case definition were calculated to adjust for sampling.
Results. Of 2180 persons completing the telephone questionnaire, 389 were examined; of these, 258 met the case definition and 131 did not. For those examined and aged 45 to 64 years (n = 179), 96 persons had arthritis confirmed, of whom 76 met the case definition. Among those examined and aged greater than or equal to 65 (n = 210), 150 had arthritis confirmed, of whom 124 met the case definition. Among those without clinical arthritis, 45 of 83 of those aged 45 to 64 years and 40 of 60 of those aged greater than or equal to 65 did not meet the case definition. For those aged 45 to 64 years, the weighted sensitivity of the case definition in this sample was 77.4% and the weighted specificity was 58.8%; for those aged 65, the sensitivity was 83.6% and specificity 70.6%. CJS+ had higher sensitivity and lower specificity than DDx+ in the younger age group; CJS+ and DDx+ behaved more comparably in the older age group.
Conclusion. The case definition based on self-reported CJS and/or DDx appeared to be sensitive in identifying arthritis, but specificity was lower than desirable for those under age 65 years. Better methods of ascertaining arthritis by self-report are needed. Until then, a change in the surveillance case definition for arthritis appears warranted.
C1 CDCP, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, DACH, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Fallon Fdn, Meyers Primary Care Inst, Worcester, MA USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Worcester, MA USA.
Fallon Clin Res Dept, W Boylston, MA USA.
Fallon Clin Inc, Worcester, MA USA.
RP Sacks, JJ (reprint author), CDCP, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, DACH, 4770 Buford Highway,MS-K51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM jjs3@cdc.gov
NR 19
TC 70
Z9 75
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 2
BP 340
EP 347
PG 8
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA 895RI
UT WOS:000226880300022
PM 15693097
ER
PT J
AU Lowry, R
Brener, N
Lee, S
Epping, J
Fulton, J
Eaton, D
AF Lowry, R
Brener, N
Lee, S
Epping, J
Fulton, J
Eaton, D
CA Centers Dis Control Prevent
TI Participation in high school physical education - United States,
1991-2003 (Reprinted from MMWR, 2004, 53(36)844-847)
SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Activ, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Lowry, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SCHOOL HEALTH ASSOC
PI KENT
PA PO BOX 708, KENT, OH 44240 USA
SN 0022-4391
J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH
JI J. Sch. Health
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 75
IS 2
BP 47
EP 49
DI 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2005.tb00009.x
PG 3
WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines;
Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services;
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 914MJ
UT WOS:000228231600001
ER
PT J
AU Vicioso, KJ
Parsons, JT
Nanin, JE
Purcell, DW
Woods, WJ
AF Vicioso, KJ
Parsons, JT
Nanin, JE
Purcell, DW
Woods, WJ
TI Experiencing release: Sex environments and escapism for HIV-positive men
who have sex with men
SO JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID RISK BEHAVIOR
AB There are nonsexual reasons that may motivate people to seek out sexual activity with others. Some men who have sex with men may seek out sex environments to engage in sexual behavior Among the nonsexual reasons that exist for men who have sex with men is a desire to escape from distressing thoughts and feelings. The amplified sexuality and other unique characteristics of sex environments allow men to have more intense emotional experiences around sex. Using the cognitive escape model as a theoretical foundation, this analysis focuses on the emotional vulnerability that some of the men who visit these venues may be avoiding and how their experiences at these venues might act as releasing mechanisms to alleviate dissonant thoughts and feelings. Implications for public health services and future research are discussed.
C1 CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Psychol, New York, NY 10021 USA.
CUNY, Grad Ctr, Ctr HIV Educ Studies & Training, New York, NY USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RP Parsons, JT (reprint author), CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Psychol, 695 Pk Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA.
EM jeffrey.parsons@hunter.cuny.edu
OI Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168; Parsons, Jeffrey/0000-0002-6875-7566
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U62/CCU213605, U62/CCU913557]
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 1
PU SOC SCIENTIFIC STUDY SEX INC
PI MT VERNON
PA PO BOX 208, MT VERNON, IA 52314 USA
SN 0022-4499
J9 J SEX RES
JI J. Sex Res.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 1
BP 13
EP 19
PG 7
WC Psychology, Clinical; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 910GT
UT WOS:000227919600003
PM 15795800
ER
PT J
AU Stables, GJ
Young, EM
Howerton, MW
Yaroch, AL
Kuester, S
Solera, MK
Cobb, K
Nebeling, L
AF Stables, GJ
Young, EM
Howerton, MW
Yaroch, AL
Kuester, S
Solera, MK
Cobb, K
Nebeling, L
TI Small school-based effectiveness trials increase vegetable and fruit
consumption among youth
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOURCE TEACHERS; US ADULTS; GIMME 5; HEALTH; PROGRAM; CHILDREN;
OUTCOMES; ADOLESCENTS; CANCER; RISK
AB This article profiles a research initiative of state health agency-initiated 5 A Day school-based interventions. Four of the seven projects reviewed had significant results, with an average effect size of 0.4 servings of vegetables and fruit. Results are comparable with the largerscale, well-controlled, and more costly 5 A Day For Better Health efficacy trials. These comparable findings underscore the value of assessing effectiveness of interventions in real-world settings to potentially enable wide-scale implementation of tested strategies. These small effectiveness trials show that school-based interventions are feasible to implement using current and effective strategies, and may facilitate translation of health promotion research to practice. The projects fostered valuable research/practice partnerships at the community level. Limitations across studies included heterogeneity in research methods, participant attrition, and variability in reporting data. Further research is needed to develop standardized, cost-effective dietary assessment methodology for viable dissemination research in community settings.
C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
GJS Associates, Potomac, MD USA.
NCI, 5 A Day Better Hlth Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NCI, Hlth Promot Res Branch, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Nutr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Canc Prevent & Control, Baltimore, MD USA.
NCI, Behav Res Program, Hlth Promot Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NCI, Hlth Promot Res Branch, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 5 Day Better Hlth Program, Old Saybrook, CT USA.
RP Stables, GJ (reprint author), 12740 Lamp Post Lane, Potomac, MD 20854 USA.
EM gstables@comcast.net
NR 30
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA
SN 0002-8223
J9 J AM DIET ASSOC
JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 105
IS 2
BP 252
EP 256
DI 10.1016/j.jada.2004.11.031
PG 5
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 893QA
UT WOS:000226733100017
PM 15668684
ER
PT J
AU Hausdorff, WP
Feikin, DR
Klugman, KP
AF Hausdorff, WP
Feikin, DR
Klugman, KP
TI Epidemiological differences among pneumococcal serotypes
SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Review
ID RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA;
IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; DAY-CARE-CENTER; CONJUGATE VACCINE;
UNITED-STATES; INVASIVE-DISEASE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SOUTHERN
ISRAEL; YOUNG-CHILDREN
AB The bacterial species Streptococcus pneumoniae consists of 90 immunologically distinct serotypes, of which some possess distinct epidemiological properties. Certain serotypes are much more likely to be associated with nasopharyngeal colonisation than to cause invasive disease. Compared with transient or infrequent colonisers, serotypes carried at high rates by young children may rapidly elicit age-associated natural immunity to invasive disease. Other serotypes seem to be of disproportionate importance as causes of disease in very young infants, in older children, in immuno-compromised individuals, or in elderly people. Some serotypes; seem to be associated with particular disease syndromes, such as complicated pneumonias in children, or with higher rates of hospitalisation in children or mortality in adults, or are consistently responsible for outbreaks in certain populations. Since pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are directed at specific serotypes, national immunisation advisory committees may wish to consider these serotype-specific properties when considering which vaccine formulation to introduce into a national programme.
C1 GlaxoSmithKline Biol, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Witwatersrand, MRC, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa.
RP Hausdorff, WP (reprint author), GlaxoSmithKline Biol, 2301 Reneissance Blvd,BN0220,POB 61540, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA.
EM w25am.p.hausdorff@gsk.com
NR 143
TC 325
Z9 340
U1 1
U2 13
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 1473-3099
J9 LANCET INFECT DIS
JI Lancet Infect. Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 5
IS 2
BP 83
EP 93
PG 11
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 893ZH
UT WOS:000226759100022
PM 15680778
ER
PT J
AU Chowdhary, A
Randhawa, HS
Sharma, S
Brandt, ME
Kumar, S
AF Chowdhary, A
Randhawa, HS
Sharma, S
Brandt, ME
Kumar, S
TI Malassezia furfur in a case of onychomycosis: colonizer or etiologic
agent?
SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE etiologic agent/colonizer; ketoconazole therapy; Malassezia furfur;
onychomycosis
AB The etiologic role of Malassezia furfur in onychomycosis is a contentious diagnostic problem because its keratinolytic ability has never been verified. This case report describes the isolation of M. furfur from the infected nails of a child clinically diagnosed with onychomycosis, and discusses the role of this organism as an etiologic agent/colonizer. The patient presented with subungual hyperkeratosts and onycholysis without associated paronychia. Budding yeast cells compatible with M. furfur were repeatedly demonstrated in KOH wet mounts of damaged nails, histopathology of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stained sections showed penetration of fungal elements between deeper layers of keratin. and numerous colonies of M. furfur were isolated on three consecutive occasions from nail specimens collected from different areas of hand and toenail lesions. No evidence of nail invasion by dermatophytic or nondermatophytic filamentous fungi were found by direct microscopy or culture. Microscopy and culture were negative following 12 weeks of ketoconazole treatment, which resulted in growth of healthy nail plates with normal beds. We can infer from these observations that M. furfur was an etiologic agent rather than a colonizer in the patient's nails even though direct keratinolytic character of this fungus was not demonstrated.
C1 Univ Delhi, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Inst, Dept Med Mycol, Delhi 110007, India.
Univ Delhi, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Inst, Dept Pathol, Delhi 110007, India.
Safdarjang Hosp, Dept Dermatol, New Delhi, India.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Chowdhary, A (reprint author), Univ Delhi, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Inst, Dept Med Mycol, POB 2101, Delhi 110007, India.
EM dranuradha@hotmail.com
RI pasuvalingam, visha/B-5717-2012;
OI Chowdhary, Anuradha/0000-0002-2028-7462
NR 16
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1369-3786
J9 MED MYCOL
JI Med. Mycol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 1
BP 87
EP 90
DI 10.1080/13693780400006070
PG 4
WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 892QY
UT WOS:000226666300010
PM 15712613
ER
PT J
AU Larsson, P
Oyston, PCF
Chain, P
Chu, MC
Duffield, M
Fuxelius, HH
Garcia, E
Halltorp, G
Johansson, D
Isherwood, KE
Karp, PD
Larsson, E
Liu, Y
Michell, S
Prior, J
Prior, R
Malfatti, S
Sjostedt, A
Svensson, K
Thompson, N
Vergez, L
Wagg, JK
Wren, BW
Lindler, LE
Andersson, SGE
Forsman, M
Titball, RW
AF Larsson, P
Oyston, PCF
Chain, P
Chu, MC
Duffield, M
Fuxelius, HH
Garcia, E
Halltorp, G
Johansson, D
Isherwood, KE
Karp, PD
Larsson, E
Liu, Y
Michell, S
Prior, J
Prior, R
Malfatti, S
Sjostedt, A
Svensson, K
Thompson, N
Vergez, L
Wagg, JK
Wren, BW
Lindler, LE
Andersson, SGE
Forsman, M
Titball, RW
TI The complete genome sequence of Francisella tularensis, the causative
agent of tularemia
SO NATURE GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICALLY DEFINED MEDIUM; PASTEURELLA-TULARENSIS; INTRACELLULAR
INFECTION; METABOLIC PATHWAYS; GROWTH INITIATION; VIRULENCE FACTORS;
MACROPHAGES; GENE; IDENTIFICATION; ESCAPE
AB Francisella tularensis is one of the most infectious human pathogens known. In the past, both the former Soviet Union and the US had programs to develop weapons containing the bacterium. We report the complete genome sequence of a highly virulent isolate of F. tularensis (1,892, 819 bp). The sequence uncovers previously uncharacterized genes encoding type IV pili, a surface polysaccharide and iron-acquisition systems. Several virulence-associated genes were located in a putative pathogenicity island, which was duplicated in the genome. More than 10% of the putative coding sequences contained insertion-deletion or substitution mutations and seemed to be deteriorating. The genome is rich in IS elements, including IS630 Tc-1 mariner family transposons, which are not expected in a prokaryote. We used a computational method for predicting metabolic pathways and found an unexpectedly high proportion of disrupted pathways, explaining the fastidious nutritional requirements of the bacterium. The loss of biosynthetic pathways indicates that F. tularensis is an obligate host-dependent bacterium in its natural life cycle. Our results have implications for our understanding of how highly virulent human pathogens evolve and will expedite strategies to combat them.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Def Sci & Technol Lab, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England.
Swedish Def Res Agcy, SE-90182 Umea, Sweden.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA.
Univ Uppsala, Dept Mol Evolut, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
SRI Int, Bioinformat Res Grp, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
Umea Univ, Dept Clin Microbiol, SE-90185 Umea, Sweden.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England.
Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England.
RP Titball, RW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biol & Biotechnol Res Program, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM rtitball@dstl.gov.uk
RI chain, patrick/B-9777-2013; Forsman, Mats/A-1426-2016;
OI Forsman, Mats/0000-0002-4466-5325; Sjostedt, Anders/0000-0002-0768-8405;
Karp, Peter/0000-0002-5876-6418
NR 50
TC 292
Z9 597
U1 2
U2 19
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 1061-4036
J9 NAT GENET
JI Nature Genet.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 37
IS 2
BP 153
EP 159
DI 10.1038/ng1499
PG 7
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 893AB
UT WOS:000226690100021
PM 15640799
ER
PT J
AU Petrini, JR
Callaghan, WM
Klebanoff, M
Green, NS
Lackritz, EM
Howse, JL
Schwarz, RH
Damus, K
AF Petrini, JR
Callaghan, WM
Klebanoff, M
Green, NS
Lackritz, EM
Howse, JL
Schwarz, RH
Damus, K
TI Estimated effect of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate on preterm
birth in the United States
SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Annual Maternal and Child Health Epidemiology Conference
CY DEC, 2003
CL Tempe, AZ
ID PREVENTION
AB OBJECTIVE: A multicenter, randomized placebo-controlled trial among women with singleton pregnancies and a history of spontaneous preterm birth found that weekly injections of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P), initiated between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation, reduced preterm birth by 33%. The current study estimated both preterm birth recurrence and the potential reduction in the national preterm. birth rate.
METHODS: Using 2002 national birth certificate data, augmented by vital statistics from 2 states, we estimated the number of singleton births delivered to women eligible for 17P through both a history of spontaneous preterm. birth and prenatal care onset within the first 4 months of pregnancy. The number and rate of recurrent spontaneous preterm births were estimated. To predict effect, the reported 33% reduction in spontaneous preterm birth attributed to 17P therapy was applied to these estimates.
RESULTS: In 2002, approximately 30,000 recurrent preterm births occurred to women eligible for 17P, having had a recurrent preterm birth rate of 22.5%. If 17P therapy were delivered to these women, nearly 10,000 spontaneous preterm births would have been prevented, thereby reducing the overall United States preterm birth rate by approximately 2%, from 12.1% to 11.8% (P < .001), with higher reductions in targeted groups of eligible pregnant women.
CONCLUSION: Use of 17P could reduce preterm birth among eligible women, but would likely have a modest effect on the national preterm birth rate. Additional research is urgently needed to identify other populations who might benefit from 17P, evaluate new methods for early detection of women at risk, and develop additional prevention strategies.
C1 Natl Off, White Plains, NY 10605 USA.
Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Sci, Atlanta, GA USA.
NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Maimonides Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Brooklyn, NY 11219 USA.
Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pediat & Cell Biol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.
RP Petrini, JR (reprint author), Natl Off, 1375 Mamaroneck Ave, White Plains, NY 10605 USA.
EM jpetrini@marchofdimes.com
OI Green, Nancy/0000-0002-9877-1561
NR 9
TC 67
Z9 67
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3261 USA
SN 0029-7844
J9 OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Obstet. Gynecol.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 105
IS 2
BP 267
EP 272
DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000150560.24297.4f
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 893DX
UT WOS:000226700600008
PM 15684150
ER
PT J
AU Denno, DM
Stapp, JR
Boster, DR
Qin, X
Clausen, CR
Del Beccaro, KH
Swerdlow, DL
Braden, CR
Tarr, PI
AF Denno, DM
Stapp, JR
Boster, DR
Qin, X
Clausen, CR
Del Beccaro, KH
Swerdlow, DL
Braden, CR
Tarr, PI
TI Etiology of diarrhea in pediatric outpatient settings
SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Camplylobacter; Salmonella; Shigella; diarrhea; viruses
ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; YOUNG-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES;
GASTROENTERITIS; NETHERLANDS; POPULATION; TOXIN
AB Background: The frequency with which bacteria cause diarrhea evaluated in ambulatory settings is often unknown. We attempted to determine the microbiologic etiology of diarrhea in a private pediatric practice (site A) and a clinic serving largely immigrant children (site B) and to establish guidelines for bacterial culture.
Methods: Children with diarrhea were prospectively enrolled, and their stools were examined for diarrheagenic bacteria, viruses and parasites.
Results: A total of 123 and 103 children were enrolled at sites A and B, respectively. Stools from all (100%), 126 (55.8%), 104 (46.0%) and 75 (33.2%) were tested for bacterial enteric pathogens, parasites, Clostridium difficile toxin and viruses, respectively. Of the 75 patients whose Stool underwent complete testing, 36 (48%) contained at least 1 definitive or plausible pathogen. Twelve stools (5.3%) tested positive for bacteria [Campylobaeter jejuni (n = 7), Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella serogroup D and Salmonella Braenderup (n - 1 each)]. One contained Blastocystis hominis, 8 contained C. difficile toxin and 16 contained viruses (9 rotavirus, 5 adenovirus and 2 astrovirus). Visible fecal blood (P = 0.029), increased stool frequency (P 0.035), abdominal tenderness (P - 0.011) and fecal white (P < 0.00 1) or red blood cells (P = 0.002) were associated with bacterial infection. All children with stool yielding diarrheagenic bacteria or C. difficile toxin had at least 1 of these factors, but so did 75% of children without these agents (positive predictive value, 11%; negative predictive value, 100%; sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 25%).
Conclusions: The bacterial diarrhea prevalence is similar to that in other ambulatory studies, although the spectrum differs. Exclusion criteria for stool testing in diarrhea remain elusive. Studies to determine the etiology of unexplained diarrhea and cost-effective algorithms for diarrhea diagnosis, are needed.
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Childrens Hosp & Reg Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ballard Pediat Clin, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Denno, DM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
NR 17
TC 32
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0891-3668
J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J
JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 24
IS 2
BP 142
EP 148
DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000151031.47761.6d
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
GA 898WH
UT WOS:000227106400009
PM 15702043
ER
PT J
AU Chokephaibulkit, K
Uiprasertkul, M
Puthavathana, P
Chearskul, P
Auewarakul, P
Dowell, SF
Vanprapar, N
AF Chokephaibulkit, K
Uiprasertkul, M
Puthavathana, P
Chearskul, P
Auewarakul, P
Dowell, SF
Vanprapar, N
TI A child with avian influenza A (H5N1) infection
SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE avian influenza; influenza A (H5N1); Thailand; Asia
ID OSELTAMIVIR TREATMENT; HONG-KONG; VIRUS; DISEASE
AB Human infections with avian influenza viruses can be severe and may be harbingers of the evolution of a pandemic strain. We present a patient in Thailand who was infected with influenza A (H5N1) virus. Prominent features included the progression from fever and dyspnea to the acute respiratory distress syndrome in a short period, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. Establishing the diagnosis for this patient increased public awareness of the virus and was soon followed by a halting of poultry-to-human transmission. On the basis of available data, any child with suspected avian influenza infection should be treated with oseltamivir.
C1 Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Pathol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Thai Minis Publ Hlth, Int Emerging Infect Program, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Chokephaibulkit, K (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
RI Auewarakul, Prasert /D-6015-2011;
OI Auewarakul, Prasert/0000-0002-4745-4291
NR 20
TC 46
Z9 55
U1 1
U2 4
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0891-3668
J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J
JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 24
IS 2
BP 162
EP 166
DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000151037.25237.1e
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
GA 898WH
UT WOS:000227106400012
PM 15702046
ER
PT J
AU Fischer, M
Hilinski, J
Stephens, DS
AF Fischer, M
Hilinski, J
Stephens, DS
TI Adjuvant therapy for meningococcal sepsis
SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE meningococcal sepsis
ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-C; SEPTIC SHOCK; CHILDREN; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT;
DISEASE; TRIAL
C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Fischer, M (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA.
RI Stephens, David/A-8788-2012
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0891-3668
J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J
JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 24
IS 2
BP 177
EP 178
DI 10.1097/01.inf.0000154437.79398.ed
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics
GA 898WH
UT WOS:000227106400015
PM 15702049
ER
PT J
AU Staunton, C
Davidson, S
Kegler, S
Dawson, L
Powell, K
Dellinger, A
AF Staunton, C
Davidson, S
Kegler, S
Dawson, L
Powell, K
Dellinger, A
TI Critical gaps in child passenger safety practices, surveillance, and
legislation: Georgia, 2001
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE motor vehicle safety; child safety seat; seating position; booster
seats; surveillance; legislation
ID SEATS
AB Objective. Motor vehicle crashes remain the leading cause of death among US children 1 year of age and older. Although age-appropriate child passenger restraint use and back seating position are effective injury prevention strategies, many children 12 years of age and younger ride inappropriately restrained and seated in the front seat. In Georgia and in most states, surveillance of child passenger restraint use is less than optimal. Although child safety seat legislation is 1 of the most effective mechanisms for increasing correct restraint use and back seating position, Georgia's child occupant restraint law, like the laws in most states, falls short of practices recommended by government and child advocacy safety groups. The objective of this study was to document child passenger restraint use and seating position among children aged 0 to 12 years in Georgia and to use these study results to evaluate the efficacy of Georgia's child restraint surveillance and legislation.
Methods. In May and June 2001, police roadblocks were used to collect information about child passenger age, restraint use, and seating position.
Results. Data were collected on 1858 children who were riding in 1221 vehicles in 24 different Georgia counties. Results showed that 56% of children were inappropriately restrained and/or in the front seat. The most problematic age groups included infants who were in forward-facing child safety seats (28%) and/or in the front seat (22%); children who were 5 to 8 years of age in car seat belts alone (88%), rather than age- and size-appropriate child safety seats (6%); and children who were 9 to 12 years of age and riding in the front seat (39%). We compared our results with the existing Georgia passenger restraint surveillance system and found that it would have missed 77% of the children in our study who were inappropriately restrained and/or riding in the front seat. In a similar comparison, Georgia's restraint law did not cover over 74% of the children in our study who were riding at risk.
Conclusion. The results of this study highlight 3 important areas for improving child passenger safety: targeted interventions to promote booster seat use and riding in the back seat, expanded child passenger restraint and seating position surveillance, and expanded legislation to mandate booster seat use and back seating position.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA.
Georgia State Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Staunton, C (reprint author), 622 11th Ave E, Seattle, WA 98102 USA.
EM jaicat@earthlink.net
NR 31
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 2
BP 372
EP 379
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-0530
PG 8
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 893NB
UT WOS:000226725000036
PM 15687447
ER
PT J
AU McMahon, AW
Iskander, J
Haber, P
Chang, SJ
Woo, EJ
Braun, MM
Ball, R
AF McMahon, AW
Iskander, J
Haber, P
Chang, SJ
Woo, EJ
Braun, MM
Ball, R
TI Adverse events after inactivated influenza vaccination among children
less than 2 years of age: Analysis of reports from the Vaccine Adverse
Event Reporting System, 1990-2003
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE influenza vaccine; adverse events; infants
ID TETANUS-PERTUSSIS VACCINE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ROTAVIRUS VACCINE;
VIRUS-VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; SAFETY; ADULTS; IMMUNIZATION; SEIZURES;
RISK
AB Background. In April 2002, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices ( ACIP) encouraged providers to vaccinate healthy 6- to 23-month-old infants and children with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV).
Objectives. To describe adverse events (AEs) reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) after TIV vaccination among children <2 years of age and to compare reports before the ACIP guideline (January 1990 to June 2002) and after the ACIP guideline (July 2002 to June 2003).
Methods. VAERS is a passive vaccine safety surveillance system begun by the Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1990. We reviewed reports to VAERS for children <2 years of age who received TIV, alone or in combination with other vaccines. Influenza seasons were defined as the period from July 1 of one year to June 30 of the following year.
Results. Between 1990 and 2003, VAERS received 166 TIV reports for children <2 years of age. There were 62 reports (37%) after administration of TIV alone and 104 reports (63%) after administration of TIV and &GE;1 other vaccine. Approximately one third of reports (N=61) were in the post-ACIP guideline period. The 4 most frequent AE coding terms were fever (N=59, 35%), unspecified or urticarial rash ( 42, 25%), seizure (28, 17%), and injection site reaction (28, 17%). The median number of days from vaccination to symptom onset, the percentage of reports that represented serious AEs, and the gender distribution were similar in the pre-ACIP guideline and post-ACIP guideline periods. The percentage of reports describing an underlying medical condition for the subject decreased from 58% before the ACIP guideline to 37% after the ACIP guideline. Nineteen of 28 seizure reports (68%) described fever with the seizure within 2 days after vaccination. Seizure was the most frequent coding term (N=10, 7 with fever) among 23 serious reports. The annual number of TIV-related VAERS reports for children <2 years of age increased in the post-ACIP guideline period, probably at least in part because of an increase in the number of vaccinees after the ACIP announcement. The safety profiles in the pre-ACIP guideline and post-ACIP guideline periods were similar.
Conclusions. In October 2003, the ACIP recommended that all healthy children 6 to 23 months of age be vaccinated with TIV, starting in the 2004-2005 influenza season. This study provides generally reassuring, although limited, data regarding the safety of TIV among children in this age range. Continued surveillance for seizures and other clinically significant AEs is warranted and will continue.
C1 US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Epidemiol, Off Biostat & Epidemiol, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Branch, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP McMahon, AW (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Epidemiol, Off Biostat & Epidemiol, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM mcmahon@cber.fda.gov
NR 41
TC 46
Z9 49
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 2
BP 453
EP 460
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-1519
PG 8
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 893NB
UT WOS:000226725000045
PM 15687455
ER
PT J
AU Mell, LK
Ogren, DS
Davis, RL
Mullooly, JP
Black, SB
Shinefield, HR
Zangwill, KM
Ward, JI
Marcy, SM
Chen, RT
AF Mell, LK
Ogren, DS
Davis, RL
Mullooly, JP
Black, SB
Shinefield, HR
Zangwill, KM
Ward, JI
Marcy, SM
Chen, RT
CA CTR Dis Control Prevention Vaccine
TI Compliance with national immunization guidelines for children younger
than 2 years, 1996-1999
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE compliance; immunization; guidelines; health maintenance organization
ID CHILDHOOD VACCINE SAFETY; RECOMMENDATIONS; QUALITY; RATES; CARE;
EXTRAIMMUNIZATION; KNOWLEDGE; COVERAGE; PRIVATE; IMPACT
AB Objectives. To evaluate compliance with national immunization guidelines among a large cohort of children cared for at health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and to examine effects on immunization status.
Methods. A cohort study of 176 134 children born between January 1, 1994, and December 31, 1997, and monitored from birth to the second birthday was performed. Subjects belonged to the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project, a study of children enrolled in 1 of 4 HMOs. Children were continuously enrolled in a HMO for the first 2 years of life. Prevailing recommendations regarding optimal ages of immunization and intervals between doses were applied to define appropriate immunization timing and immunization status. Noncompliance was defined as having a missing or late immunization or an immunization error. Immunization errors included invalid immunizations (too early to be acceptable), extra immunizations (superfluous immunizations or make-up immunizations for invalid immunizations), and missed opportunities resulting in late or missing immunizations.
Results. Although 75.4% of children in these HMOs were up to date for all immunizations at 2 years, only 35.6% of children were fully compliant with recommended immunization practices. Less than 8% of children received all immunizations in accordance with strict interpretation of recommended guidelines. Fifty-one percent of children had at least 1 immunization error by age 2 years; 29.7% had a missed opportunity with subsequent late or missing immunization, 20.4% had an invalid immunization, and 11.6% had an extra immunization. Common reasons for noncompliance included missed opportunities for the fourth Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (14.6%), invalid fourth diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis/acellular pertussis immunizations (11.0%), and superfluous polio immunizations (9.8%).
Conclusions. Approximately 35.6% of children were compliant with prevailing childhood immunization recommendations from 1996 to 1999. Efforts to improve compliance with guidelines are recommended, to optimize childhood infectious disease prevention.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Genom & Dis Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Pediat, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Panorama City, CA USA.
RP Davis, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Genom & Dis Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-89, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM rad2@cdc.gov
OI Mell, Loren/0000-0003-2277-6080
NR 38
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 2
BP 461
EP 467
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-1891
PG 7
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 893NB
UT WOS:000226725000046
PM 15687456
ER
PT J
AU Welsh, JA
Cogswell, ME
Rogers, S
Rockett, H
Mei, ZG
Grummer-Strawn, LM
AF Welsh, JA
Cogswell, ME
Rogers, S
Rockett, H
Mei, ZG
Grummer-Strawn, LM
TI Overweight among low-income preschool children associated with the
consumption of sweet drinks: Missouri, 1999-2002
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE child nutrition; children's growth; obesity; weight control; fruit
juice; beverages; diet
ID BODY-MASS INDEX; FRUIT JUICE CONSUMPTION; DIETARY FIBER; FOOD-INTAKE;
CHILDHOOD OBESITY; ENERGY-INTAKE; WEIGHT REGULATION; NATIONAL-HEALTH;
BLOOD-PRESSURE; AGED CHILDREN
AB Objective. To examine the association between sweet drink consumption and overweight among preschool children.
Methods. A retrospective cohort design was used to examine the association between sweet drink consumption and overweight at follow-up among 10 904 children who were aged 2 and 3 years and had height, weight, and Harvard Service Food Frequency Questionnaire data collected between January 1999 and December 2001 and height and weight data collected 1 year later. Sweet drinks included vitamin C - containing juices, other juices, fruit drinks, and sodas as listed on the Harvard Service Food Frequency Questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to adjust for age; gender; race/ethnicity; birth weight; and intake of high-fat foods, sweet foods, and total calories.
Results were stratified by baseline BMI. Results. Among children who were normal or underweight at baseline ( BMI < 85th percentile), the association between sweet drink consumption and development of overweight was positive but not statistically significant. Children who were at risk for overweight at baseline ( BMI 85th -< 95th percentile) and consumed 1 to < 2 drinks/day, 2 to < 3 drinks/day, and greater than or equal to3 drinks/day were, respectively, 2.0 ( 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3 - 3.2), 2.0 ( 95% CI: 1.2 - 3.2), and 1.8 ( 95% CI: 1.1 - 2.8) times as likely to become overweight as the referent (< 1 drink/ day). Children who were overweight at baseline ( BMI &GE; 95th percentile) and consumed 1 to < 2 drinks/day, 2 to < 3 drinks/day, and &GE; 3 drinks/day were, respectively, 2.1, 2.2, and 1.8 times as likely to remain overweight as the referent.
Conclusions. Reducing sweet drink consumption might be 1 strategy to manage the weight of preschool children. Additional studies are needed to understand the mechanism by which such consumption contributes to overweight.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Div Community Hlth, Jefferson City, MO USA.
Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Med,Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Welsh, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Mailstop K-25,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM jwelsh1@cdc.gov
NR 59
TC 132
Z9 133
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 2
BP E223
EP E229
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-1148
PG 7
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 893NB
UT WOS:000226725000015
PM 15687430
ER
PT J
AU McCaig, LF
McNeil, MM
AF McCaig, LF
McNeil, MM
TI Trends in prescribing for vulvovaginal candidiasis in the United States
SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
LA English
DT Article
DE vulvovaginal candidiasis; antifungal prescribing; physician office
visits
ID TORULOPSIS-GLABRATA VAGINITIS; FLUCONAZOLE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ALBICANS;
THERAPY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MEDICATION; DIAGNOSIS; SYMPTOMS; PATTERNS
AB Purpose To describe trends in visits to office-based physicians in the United States by females 15-64 years of age for vulvovaginal candidiasis and related antifungal prescribing. Since January 1991, intravaginal antifungal medications have been available over-the-counter in the United States to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Methods Data from the 1985 through 2001 National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys (NAMCS) were examined. NAMCS is an annual national probability sample survey that collects data on the utilization of services provided by office-based physicians.
Results The average annual visit rates for symptoms of vaginitis and a diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis decreased by 55 and 72%, respectively. The intravaginal antifungal prescribing rate for vulvovaginal candidiasis declined by 41%. No trend was found for total antifungal prescribing; however, during the late 1990s, fluconazole was prescribed at approximately one-third of visits with a diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Conclusion These data suggest an increased trend in self-diagnosis and use of over-the-counter intravaginal antifungal medications. The shift from prescribing intravaginal antifungal preparations to fluconazole raises concern about the possible development of azole drug resistance. Educational efforts are needed to counter potential misuse of these medications that may contribute to increased infection with innately azole resistant non-albicans Candida species and chronic infection. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ambulatory Care Stat Branch, Div Hlth Care Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP McCaig, LF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ambulatory Care Stat Branch, Div Hlth Care Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 3409,M-S P-08, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
EM lfml@cdc.gov
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1053-8569
J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S
JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 14
IS 2
BP 113
EP 120
DI 10.1002/pds.960
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 896IR
UT WOS:000226928300006
PM 15386715
ER
PT J
AU Blake, SM
Ledsky, RA
Sawyer, RJ
Goodenow, C
Banspach, S
Lohrmann, DK
Hack, T
AF Blake, SM
Ledsky, RA
Sawyer, RJ
Goodenow, C
Banspach, S
Lohrmann, DK
Hack, T
TI Local school district adoption of state-recommended policies on HIV
prevention education
SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE HIV; education; school health; diffusion; policy; schools; curriculum;
health occupations; public health; sociology and social phenomena
ID CONDOM AVAILABILITY PROGRAMS; SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIORS; HEALTH POLICIES;
PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ADOLESCENTS; MASSACHUSETTS; INTERVENTIONS; SERVICES;
YOUTH
AB Background. This study evaluated the extent to which school districts in Massachusetts adopted HIV education policies consistent with state education agency recommendations, and whether adoption of state-recommended policy language was associated with other core components of school-based HIV prevention programs such as staff development, curriculum, and implementation characteristics. Methods. A census of health coordinators (n = 251) and high school HIV teachers (n = 174) in randomly selected schools in Massachusetts were surveyed. Chi-squares and analysis of variance (ANOVAs) were used to analyze data. Results. Most districts' policies fully incorporated state-recommended language for training HIV teachers (62%), providing HIV education within comprehensive sexuality education (62%), and providing skills-based instruction (57%). Districts adopting state-recommended policies were significantly more likely to have trained more HIV teachers (82% vs. 59% of teachers trained; P < 0.001), provided HIV education to a greater percentage of students (90% vs. 50% of students educated; P < 0.001), and adopted research-based curricula (44% vs. 27%; P < 0.01). High school teachers who received training and those using research-based curricula covered more HIV prevention topics and used more skills-based instructional methods than those who did not receive training or did not use research-based curricula (P < 0.01). Conclusions. Results suggest that strong, state-level HIV prevention education policy recommendations can help shape local school health policy and, when adopted locally, can positively influence the reach and quality of HIV education. (C) 2004 The Institute For Cancer Prevention and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent & Community Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
Hlth Syst Res Inc, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
Acad Educ Dev, Washington, DC 20009 USA.
Commonwealth Massachusetts, Dept Educ, Malden, MA 02148 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Indiana Univ, Dept Appl Hlth Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
RP Blake, SM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent & Community Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Room 125E,Ross Hall,2300 I St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
EM smblake1@aol.com
FU PHS HHS [200-96-0517]
NR 47
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0091-7435
J9 PREV MED
JI Prev. Med.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 40
IS 2
BP 239
EP 248
DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.05.028
PG 10
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 878DQ
UT WOS:000225627100016
PM 15533535
ER
PT J
AU Choi, BCK
Corber, SJ
McQueen, DV
Bonita, R
Zevallos, JC
Douglas, KA
Barcelo, A
Gonzalez, M
Robles, S
Stachenko, S
Hall, M
Champagne, BM
Lindner, MC
de Salazar, LM
Granero, R
de Laurido, LES
Lum, W
Torres, RE
Warren, CW
Mokdad, AH
AF Choi, BCK
Corber, SJ
McQueen, DV
Bonita, R
Zevallos, JC
Douglas, KA
Barcelo, A
Gonzalez, M
Robles, S
Stachenko, S
Hall, M
Champagne, BM
Lindner, MC
de Salazar, LM
Granero, R
de Laurido, LES
Lum, W
Torres, RE
Warren, CW
Mokdad, AH
TI Enhancing regional capacity in chronic disease surveillance in the
Americas
SO REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC
HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE chronic disease; surveillance; epidemiology; Americas
ID PUBLIC-HEALTH SURVEILLANCE
C1 Govt Canada, Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Control, Ottawa, ON K1A 1B4, Canada.
Pan Amer Hlth Org, Dis Prevent & Control, Washington, DC USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA USA.
WHO, Evidence Informat & Policy, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
WHO, Dept Noncommunicable Dis & Hlth Promot, Programme Evaluat & Monitoring, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Amer Network Chron Dis Surveillance, Bogota, Colombia.
InterAmer Heart Fdn, Dallas, TX USA.
Minist Publ Hlth, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Univ Valle, Publ Hlth Evaluat Ctr, Cali, Colombia.
Minist Hlth & Social Dev, Barquisimeto, Venezuela.
Univ Puerto Rico, Res Inst Global Hlth Promot & Hlth Educ, San Juan, PR 00936 USA.
Minist Hlth, Panama City, Panama.
Minist Hlth, Lima, Peru.
RP Choi, BCK (reprint author), Govt Canada, Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Control, PL 6701A,120 Colonnade Rd, Ottawa, ON K1A 1B4, Canada.
NR 72
TC 6
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU PAN AMER HEALTH ORGANIZATION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 525 23RD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA
SN 1020-4989
J9 REV PANAM SALUD PUBL
JI Rev. Panam. Salud Publica
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 17
IS 2
BP 130
EP 141
PG 12
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 903WR
UT WOS:000227456800010
PM 15826391
ER
PT J
AU Blaser, MJ
AF Blaser, MJ
TI An endangered species in the stomach
SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
LA English
DT Article
AB Just as scientists were learning the importance of Helicobacter pylori they discovered that the bacteria are losing their foothold in the human digestive tract. Whereas nearly all adults in the developing world still carry the organism, its prevalence is much lower in developed countries such as the USA. Epidemiologists believe that H. pylori has been disappearing from developed nations for the past 100 years thanks to improved hygiene, which blocks the transmission of the bacteria, and to the widespread use of antibiotics. As H. pylori hasretreated, the rates of peptic ulcers and stomach cancer have dropped. But atthe same time, diseases of the esophagus, including acid reflux disease and aparticularly deadly type of esophageal cancer, have increased dramatically, and a wide body of evidence indicates that the rise of these illnesses is also related to the disappearance of H. pylori.
C1 NYU, Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nashville, TN 37240 USA.
Rockefeller Univ, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, New York, NY 10021 USA.
Univ Colorado, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Blaser, MJ (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA.
NR 3
TC 33
Z9 37
U1 3
U2 11
PU SCI AMERICAN INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 0036-8733
J9 SCI AM
JI Sci.Am.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 292
IS 2
BP 38
EP +
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 888FZ
UT WOS:000226360900026
PM 15715390
ER
PT J
AU Schillinger, JA
Dunne, EF
Chapin, JB
Ellen, JM
Gaydos, CA
Willard, NJ
Kent, CK
Marrazzo, JM
Klausner, JD
Rietmeijer, CA
Markowitz, LE
AF Schillinger, JA
Dunne, EF
Chapin, JB
Ellen, JM
Gaydos, CA
Willard, NJ
Kent, CK
Marrazzo, JM
Klausner, JD
Rietmeijer, CA
Markowitz, LE
TI Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among men screened in 4 US
cities
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; ADOLESCENT MALES; CHAIN-REACTION; URINE; ADULTS;
FIELD
AB Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection among men in clinical and nonclinical settings across the United States.
Goal: The goal of this study was to obtain data to inform recommendations regarding male CT screening.
Study: The authors conducted a cross-sectional study of CT prevalence among adolescent and adult men in 4 U.S. cities (Baltimore, Denver, San Francisco, and Seattle). CT was detected using urine-based testing, and prevalence was calculated for first testing event.
Results: Over 23,000 men were tested for CT over a 3 1/2-year period. The majority (96%) were asymptomatic. Overall, prevalence was 7% and varied significantly between cities (range: Seattle, 1%; Baltimore, 12%), by age (peak prevalence at age 20-24 years, 9%), and between venues where CT testing was offered.
Conclusions: At 7%, the prevalence of CT is moderately high among men opportunistically tested in nonclinical and clinical settings.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA.
RP Markowitz, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM jus8@cdc.gov; lem2@cdc.gov
RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010;
OI Marrazzo, Jeanne/0000-0002-9277-7364
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U30/CCU317876, U30/CCU817944, U30/CCU917900]
NR 13
TC 52
Z9 56
U1 1
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 2
BP 74
EP 77
DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000149670.11953.ca
PG 4
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 892ZQ
UT WOS:000226688900001
PM 15668611
ER
PT J
AU Hogben, M
McCree, DH
Golden, MR
AF Hogben, M
McCree, DH
Golden, MR
TI Patient-delivered partner therapy for sexually transmitted diseases as
practiced by US physicians
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; NATIONAL-SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; NOTIFICATION;
INFECTION; STD
AB Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate how many U.S. physicians practice patient-delivered partner therapy (PDPT), which is the practice of giving patients diagnosed with curable sexually transmitted infections medication to give to their sex partners.
Study: The authors conducted a national survey of physicians in specialties that diagnose the majority of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States.
Results: A total of 3011 physicians diagnosed at least 1 case of either gonorrhea or chlamydial infection in the preceding year. For gonorrhea and chlamydial infection, 50% to 56% reported ever using PDPT; 11% to 14% reported usually or always doing so. Obstetricians and gynecologists and family practice physicians more often used PDPT than internists, pediatricians, and emergency department physicians. Clinicians who collected sex partner information, as well as those who saw more female and white patients, used PDPT most often.
Conclusions: PDPT is widely but inconsistently used throughout the United States and is typically provided to a minority of persons.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Publ Hlth Serv King Cty, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Hogben, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Mail Stop E-44,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM mhogben@cdc.gov
NR 14
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 2
BP 101
EP 105
DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000151417.43230.18
PG 5
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 892ZQ
UT WOS:000226688900006
PM 15668616
ER
PT J
AU Metcalf, CA
Malotte, CK
Douglass, JM
Paul, SM
Dillon, BA
Cross, H
Brookes, LC
Deaugustine, N
Lindsey, CA
Byers, RH
Peterman, TA
AF Metcalf, CA
Malotte, CK
Douglass, JM
Paul, SM
Dillon, BA
Cross, H
Brookes, LC
Deaugustine, N
Lindsey, CA
Byers, RH
Peterman, TA
CA RESPECT-2 Study Grp
TI Efficacy of a booster counseling session 6 months after HIV testing and
counseling: A randomized, controlled trial - (RESPECT-2)
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION; RISK BEHAVIORS;
REDUCTION; PHYSICIAN; POPULATION; INTERVIEWS; WOMEN; AUDIO
AB Background: HIV counseling prevents sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), with most of the benefit accumulating in the first 6 months.
Study: The authors conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of a 20-minute additional (booster) counseling session 6 months after HIV counseling compared with no additional counseling for prevention of STDs (gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis). Participants were 15- to 39-year-old STD clinic patients in Denver, Long Beach, and Newark.
Results: Booster counseling was completed by 1120 (67.8%) of 1653 assigned to receive it. An incident STD during the 6 to 12 months after initial counseling (and within the 6 months after scheduled booster counseling) was detected in 141 of 1653 (8.5%) participants in the booster counseling group and 144 of 1644 (8.8%) in the no-booster group (relative risk, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.78-1.22). Three months after booster counseling, sexual risk behaviors were reported less frequently by the booster group than the no-booster group.
Conclusions: Booster counseling 6 months after HIV testing and counseling reduced reported sexual risk behavior but did not prevent STDs.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Calif State Univ Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA.
New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ USA.
Long Beach Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Long Beach, CA USA.
RP Peterman, TA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop E-02,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM tpeterman@cdc.gov
NR 26
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 3
U2 5
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 2
BP 123
EP 129
DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000151420.92624.c0
PG 7
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 892ZQ
UT WOS:000226688900010
PM 15668620
ER
PT J
AU Metcalf, CA
Douglass, JM
Malotte, K
Cross, H
Dillon, BA
Paul, SM
Padilla, SM
Brookes, LC
Lindsey, CA
Byers, RH
Peterman, TA
AF Metcalf, CA
Douglass, JM
Malotte, K
Cross, H
Dillon, BA
Paul, SM
Padilla, SM
Brookes, LC
Lindsey, CA
Byers, RH
Peterman, TA
CA RESPECT-2 Study Grp
TI Relative efficacy of prevention counseling with rapid and standard HIV
testing: A randomized, controlled trial - (RESPECT-2)
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; BEHAVIORAL
INTERVENTION; STD/HIV PREVENTION; RISK-REDUCTION; INFECTION; CLINICS;
RATES; INTERVIEWS; OUTCOMES
AB Background: Two risk-reduction counseling sessions can prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); however, return rates for test results are low.
Study: A randomized, controlled trial compared rapid HIV testing and counseling in 1 visit with standard HIV testing and counseling in 2 visits. Main outcomes were STDs (gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, syphilis, HIV) within 12 months. Participants were 15- to 39-year-old STD clinic patients in Denver, Long Beach, and Newark. STD screening and questionnaires were administered every 3 months.
Results: Counseling was completed by 1632 of 1648 (99.0%) of the rapid-test group and 1144 of 1649 (69.4%) of the standard-test group. By 12 months, STD was acquired by 19.1% of the rapid group and 17.1% of the standard group (relative risk [RR], 1.11; confidence interval [CI], 0.96-1.29). STD incidence was higher in the rapid-test group than in the standard-test group among men (RR, 1.34; CI, 1.06-1.70), men who had sex with men (RR, 1.86; 95% CI, 0.92-3.76), and persons with no STDs at enrollment (RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.99-1.48). Behavior was similar in both groups.
Conclusions: Counseling with either test had similar effects on STD incidence. For some persons, counseling with standard testing may be more effective than counseling with rapid testing.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA.
Calif State Univ Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ USA.
RP Peterman, TA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop E-02,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM tpeterman@cdc.gov
NR 51
TC 84
Z9 87
U1 4
U2 8
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 2
BP 130
EP 138
DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000151421.97004.c0
PG 9
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 892ZQ
UT WOS:000226688900011
PM 15668621
ER
PT J
AU Ebrahim, SH
McKenna, MT
Marks, JS
AF Ebrahim, SH
McKenna, MT
Marks, JS
TI Sexual behaviour: related adverse health burden in the United States
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; WOMEN
AB As part of an analysis of the burden of disease and injury in the United States, we identified and quantified the incidence of adverse health events, deaths, and disability adjusted life years (DALY) attributed to sexual behaviour. In 1998, about 20 million such events (7532/100 000 people) and 29 782 such deaths (1.3% of all US deaths) occurred, contributing to 2 161 417 DALYs (6.2% of all US DALYs). The majority of incident health events (62%) and DALYs (57%) related to sexual behaviour were among females, and curable infections and their sequelae contributed to over half of these. Viral infections and their sequelae accounted for nearly all sexual behaviour related deaths - mostly HIV/AIDS. Sexual behaviour attributed DALYs in the United States are threefold higher than that in overall established market economies.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS STD TB Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Ebrahim, SH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS STD TB Prevent, CDC, Mail Stop E-46,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM sebrahim@cdc.gov
NR 16
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 0
PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND
SN 1368-4973
J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT
JI Sex. Transm. Infect.
PD FEB 1
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 1
BP 38
EP 40
DI 10.1136/sti.2003.008300
PG 3
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 892HZ
UT WOS:000226642500009
PM 15681721
ER
PT J
AU Howard, G
Labarthe, DR
Hu, JF
Levine, DA
Howard, VJ
AF Howard, G
Labarthe, DR
Hu, JF
Levine, DA
Howard, VJ
TI Regional differences in the increased stroke mortality of African
Americans: The remarkable stroke burden of being a Southern African
American
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 427
EP 427
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800048
ER
PT J
AU McNicol, K
Cole, J
Stern, B
Wozniak, M
Giles, W
AF McNicol, K
Cole, J
Stern, B
Wozniak, M
Giles, W
TI Risk factors for cervical artery dissection: The stroke prevention in
young women study
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 427
EP 427
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800050
ER
PT J
AU Matheny, M
Cole, J
O'Connell, J
Stine, OC
Gallagher, M
Mitchell, B
Wang, J
Stern, B
Wozniak, M
Kittner, S
AF Matheny, M
Cole, J
O'Connell, J
Stine, OC
Gallagher, M
Mitchell, B
Wang, J
Stern, B
Wozniak, M
Kittner, S
TI Five-lipoxygenase activating protein polymorphisms and risk of cerebral
infarction in a biracial population: The stroke prevention in young
women study
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 457
EP 457
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800200
ER
PT J
AU Song, Q
Cole, J
O'Connell, J
Stine, C
Gallagher, M
Giles, W
Gibbons, G
Mitchell, B
Wang, J
Kittner, S
AF Song, Q
Cole, J
O'Connell, J
Stine, C
Gallagher, M
Giles, W
Gibbons, G
Mitchell, B
Wang, J
Kittner, S
TI Phosphodiesterase 4D polymorphisms and risk of cerebral infarction in a
biracial population: The stroke prevention in young women study
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA.
Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 457
EP 457
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800199
ER
PT J
AU MacClellan, LR
Braxton, MD
Cole, JW
Giles, WH
Kittner, SJ
AF MacClellan, LR
Braxton, MD
Cole, JW
Giles, WH
Kittner, SJ
TI Familial aggregation of ischemic stroke in young women is increased at
younger ages: The stroke prevention in young women study
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 458
EP 458
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800205
ER
PT J
AU Song, Q
Cole, J
O'Connell, J
Stine, C
Gallagher, M
Giles, W
Gibbons, G
Mitchell, B
Wang, J
Kittner, S
AF Song, Q
Cole, J
O'Connell, J
Stine, C
Gallagher, M
Giles, W
Gibbons, G
Mitchell, B
Wang, J
Kittner, S
TI Atrial natriuretic peptide polymorphisms and stroke risk in a biracial
population: The stroke prevention in young women study
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 458
EP 458
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800204
ER
PT J
AU Lackland, DT
Abell, J
Lipsitz, S
Liao, YL
McGee, D
AF Lackland, DT
Abell, J
Lipsitz, S
Liao, YL
McGee, D
TI Increased stroke risk for white and black men and women with blood
pressure at prehypertension and hypertension levels
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 461
EP 462
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800221
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, SS
Illoh, K
Mensah, GA
Zheng, ZJ
AF Yoon, SS
Illoh, K
Mensah, GA
Zheng, ZJ
TI The effectiveness of lipid-lowering drugs on stroke, recurrent MI, and
mortality after the acute coronary syndrome: A meta-analysis
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 492
EP 492
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800375
ER
PT J
AU McGowan, J
Pirtle, C
Giles, WH
Cole, J
Wozniak, M
Stem, B
Kittner, S
AF McGowan, J
Pirtle, C
Giles, WH
Cole, J
Wozniak, M
Stem, B
Kittner, S
TI Type of migraine aura symptoms determines association with ischemic
stroke: The stroke prevention in young women study
SO STROKE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 30th International Stroke Conference
CY FEB 02-04, 2005
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Stroke Assoc
C1 Morehouse Coll, Atlanta, GA USA.
Spelman Coll, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0039-2499
J9 STROKE
JI Stroke
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 500
EP 500
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 904UR
UT WOS:000227523800415
ER
PT J
AU Stefaniak, AB
Guilmette, RA
Day, GA
Hoover, MD
Breysse, PN
Scripsick, RC
AF Stefaniak, AB
Guilmette, RA
Day, GA
Hoover, MD
Breysse, PN
Scripsick, RC
TI Characterization of phagolysosomal simulant fluid for study of beryllium
aerosol particle dissolution
SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
LA English
DT Article
DE alveolar macrophage phagolysosome; dissolution; simulant; chronic
beryllium disease
ID RABBIT ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; COBALT OXIDE PARTICLES; IN-VITRO
DISSOLUTION; INVITRO DISSOLUTION; PH; METAL; CANINE; PHAGOCYTOSIS;
SOLUBILITY; DISEASE
AB A simulant of phagolysosomal fluid is needed for beryllium particle dissolution research because intraphagolysosomal dissolution is believed to be a necessary step in the cellular immune response associated with development of chronic beryllium disease. Thus, we refined and characterized a potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) buffered solution with pH 4.55, termed phagolysosomal simulant fluid (PSF), for use in a static dissolution technique.
To characterize the simulant, beryllium dissolution in PSF was compared to dissolution in the J774A.1 murine cell line. The effects of ionic composition, buffer strength, and the presence of the antifungal agent alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (ABDC) on beryllium dissolution in PSF were evaluated.
Beryllium dissolution in PSF was not different from dissolution in the J774A.1 murine cell line (p = 0.78) or from dissolution in another simulant having the same pH but different ionic composition (p = 0.73). A buffer concentration of 0.01-M KHP did not appear adequate to maintain pH under all conditions. There was no difference between dissolution in PSF with 0.01-M KHP and 0.02-M KHP (p = 0.12). At 0.04-M KHP, beryllium dissolution was increased relative to 0.02-M KHP (p = 0.02). Use of a 0.02-M KHP buffer concentration in the standard formulation for PSF provided stability in pH without alteration of the dissolution rate. The presence of ABDC did not influence beryllium dissolution in PSF (P = 0.35).
PSF appears to be a useful and appropriate model of in vitro beryllium dissolution when using a static dissolution technique. In addition, the critical approach used to evaluate and adjust the composition of PSF may serve as a framework for characterizing PSF to study dissolution of other metal and oxide particles. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Hlth Saftey & Radiat Protect Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Engn, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Stefaniak, AB (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM astefaniak@cdc.gov
RI Stefaniak, Aleksandr/I-3616-2012; Hoover, Mark/I-4201-2012
OI Hoover, Mark/0000-0002-8726-8127
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES07141]; NIOSH CDC HHS [1R03 OH007447-01]
NR 40
TC 38
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0887-2333
J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO
JI Toxicol. Vitro
PD FEB
PY 2005
VL 19
IS 1
BP 123
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2004.08.001
PG 12
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 895UE
UT WOS:000226888400014
PM 15582363
ER
PT J
AU Ungchusak, K
Auewarakul, P
Dowell, SF
Kitphati, R
Auwanit, W
Puthavathana, P
Uiprasertkul, M
Boonnak, K
Pittayawonganon, C
Cox, NJ
Zaki, SR
Thawatsupha, P
Chittaganpitch, M
Khontong, R
Simmerman, JM
Chunsutthiwat, S
AF Ungchusak, K
Auewarakul, P
Dowell, SF
Kitphati, R
Auwanit, W
Puthavathana, P
Uiprasertkul, M
Boonnak, K
Pittayawonganon, C
Cox, NJ
Zaki, SR
Thawatsupha, P
Chittaganpitch, M
Khontong, R
Simmerman, JM
Chunsutthiwat, S
TI Probable person-to-person transmission of avian influenza A (H5N1)
SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID HONG-KONG; VIRUS; ORIGIN; HEMAGGLUTININ; INFECTION; ANTIBODY; SUBTYPES;
DISEASE; DUCKS; RISK
AB BACKGROUND:
During 2004, a highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus caused poultry disease in eight Asian countries and infected at least 44 persons, killing 32; most of these persons had had close contact with poultry. No evidence of efficient person-to-person transmission has yet been reported. We investigated possible person-to-person transmission in a family cluster of the disease in Thailand.
METHODS:
For each of the three involved patients, we reviewed the circumstances and timing of exposures to poultry and to other ill persons. Field teams isolated and treated the surviving patient, instituted active surveillance for disease and prophylaxis among exposed contacts, and culled the remaining poultry surrounding the affected village. Specimens from family members were tested by viral culture, microneutralization serologic analysis, immunohistochemical assay, reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, and genetic sequencing.
RESULTS:
The index patient became ill three to four days after her last exposure to dying household chickens. Her mother came from a distant city to care for her in the hospital, had no recognized exposure to poultry, and died from pneumonia after providing 16 to 18 hours of unprotected nursing care. The aunt also provided unprotected nursing care; she had fever five days after the mother first had fever, followed by pneumonia seven days later. Autopsy tissue from the mother and nasopharyngeal and throat swabs from the aunt were positive for influenza A (H5N1) by RT-PCR. No additional chains of transmission were identified, and sequencing of the viral genes identified no change in the receptor-binding site of hemagglutinin or other key features of the virus. The sequences of all eight viral gene segments clustered closely with other H5N1 sequences from recent avian isolates in Thailand.
CONCLUSIONS:
Disease in the mother and aunt probably resulted from person-to-person transmission of this lethal avian influenzavirus during unprotected exposure to the critically ill index patient.
C1 Thai Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Dept Dis Control, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
Thai Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Med Sci, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
Thai Minist Publ Hlth, Kamphang Phet Hosp, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Fac Med, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Thai Minist Publ Hlth, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Ungchusak, K (reprint author), Thai Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Dept Dis Control, Tivanon Rd, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
EM kum@health.moph.go.th
RI Auewarakul, Prasert /D-6015-2011;
OI Auewarakul, Prasert/0000-0002-4745-4291
NR 25
TC 543
Z9 611
U1 6
U2 61
PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC
PI WALTHAM
PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA
SN 0028-4793
J9 NEW ENGL J MED
JI N. Engl. J. Med.
PD JAN 27
PY 2005
VL 352
IS 4
BP 333
EP 340
DI 10.1056/NEJMoa044021
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 890UH
UT WOS:000226535900005
PM 15668219
ER
PT J
AU Rooney, J
McCombs, K
Pavlin, B
AF Rooney, J
McCombs, K
Pavlin, B
CA CDC
TI Two cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome - Randolph County, West
Virginia, July 2004 (Reprinted from vol 53, pg 1086-1089, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
ID UNITED-STATES
C1 Randolph Cty Dept Hlth, Elkins, WV 26241 USA.
CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Virginia Dept Hlth, New River Hlth Dist, Richmond, VA USA.
W Virginia Dept Hlth & Human Resources, Charleston, WV USA.
RP Rooney, J (reprint author), Randolph Cty Dept Hlth, Elkins, WV 26241 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 26
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 4
BP 416
EP 418
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 890DW
UT WOS:000226492900007
ER
PT J
AU Struttmann, TW
AF Struttmann, TW
CA CDC
TI Fatal and nonfatal occupational injuries involving wood chippers -
United States, 1992-2002 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1130-1131,
2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 NIOSH, Div Safety Res, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Struttmann, TW (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Safety Res, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 26
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 4
BP 418
EP 419
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 890DW
UT WOS:000226492900008
ER
PT J
AU McVeigh, K
Mostashari, F
Thorpe, LE
AF McVeigh, K
Mostashari, F
Thorpe, LE
CA CDC
TI Serious psychological distress among persons with diabetes - New York
City, 2003 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1089-1092, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY USA.
CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP McVeigh, K (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY USA.
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 26
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 4
BP 419
EP 420
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 890DW
UT WOS:000226492900009
ER
PT J
AU Kato, K
Silva, MJ
Needham, LL
Calafat, AM
AF Kato, K
Silva, MJ
Needham, LL
Calafat, AM
TI Determination of total phthalates in urine by isotope-dilution liquid
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL
AND LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE phthalic acid; acid hydrolysis; phthalates; total exposure; body burden
ID SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; INTERNAL EXPOSURE; MALE-RAT; METABOLITES;
POPULATION; DEHP; MALFORMATIONS; PARAMETERS; CHILDREN; DINP
AB Diesters, of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid are a family of industrial compounds called "phthalates". The physical and chemical properties of these diesters, and therefore their potential uses, depend on the structure of the dialkyl or alkyl/aryl side chain. The urinary concentrations of phthalate monoesters, which are metabolites, have been used as biomarkers of human exposure to specific phthalates. However, several phthalates, particularly those with side chains of eight or more carbon atoms, are complex mixtures of isomers. For these, the phthalate metabolites to be used as biomarkers of exposure have not been unequivocally identified. We developed a method for assessing total exposure to phthalates, including the isomeric mixtures of high molecular weight phthalates, by measuring the concentration of phthalic acid (PA) in human urine after acid hydrolysis of the phthalate metabolites to PA. The present method accurately assesses total exposure to phthalates without noticeable contamination from the ubiquitous phthalates in the environment, but it gives no information about the parent phthalate. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Calafat, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM acalafat@cdc.gov
RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011
NR 28
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-0232
J9 J CHROMATOGR B
JI J. Chromatogr. B
PD JAN 25
PY 2005
VL 814
IS 2
BP 355
EP 360
DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.10.056
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 889JD
UT WOS:000226438400020
PM 15639459
ER
PT J
AU Leimane, V
Riekstina, V
Holtz, TH
Zarovska, E
Skripconoka, V
Thorpe, LE
Laserson, KF
Wells, CD
AF Leimane, V
Riekstina, V
Holtz, TH
Zarovska, E
Skripconoka, V
Thorpe, LE
Laserson, KF
Wells, CD
TI Clinical outcome of individualised treatment of multidrug-resistant
tuberculosis in Latvia: a retrospective cohort study
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Article
ID DOTS-PLUS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; MDR-TB; CHEMOTHERAPY; EXPERIENCE;
RIFAMPIN; THERAPY; PERU
AB Background Latvia has one of the highest rates of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB). Our aim was to assess treatment outcomes for the first full cohort of MDRTB patients treated under Latvia's DOTS-Plus strategy following WHO guidelines.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed all civilian patients who began treatment with individualised treatment regimens for pulmonary MDRTB in Latvia between Jan 1, and Dec 31, 2000. We applied treatment outcome definitions for MDRTB, developed by an international. expert consensus group, and assessed treatment effectiveness and risk factors associated with poor outcome.
Findings Of the 204 patients assessed, 55 (27%) had been newly diagnosed with MDRTB, and 149 (73%) had earlier been treated with first-line or second-line drugs for this disease. Assessment of treatment outcomes showed that 135 (66%) patients were cured or completed therapy, 14 (7%) died, 26 (13%) defaulted, and treatment failed in 29 (14%). Of the 178 adherent patients, 135 (76%) achieved cure or treatment completion. In a multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model of these patients, independent predictors of poor outcome (death and treatment failure) included having previously received treatment for MDRTB (hazard ratio 5.7, 95% CI 1.9-16.6), the use of five or fewer drugs for 3 months or more (3.2, 1.1-9.6), resistance to ofloxacin (2.6, 1.2-5.4), and body-mass index less than 18.5 at start of treatment (2.3, 1.1-4.9).
Interpretation The DOTS-Plus strategy of identifying and treating patients with MDRTB can be effectively implemented on a nationwide scale in a setting of limited resources.
C1 State Ctr TB & Lung Dis, Riga, Latvia.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Leimane, V (reprint author), Latvia State Ctr TB & Lung Dis, PO Cekule, Stopinup, Riga Region, Latvia.
EM vaira@tuberculosis.lv
NR 36
TC 175
Z9 189
U1 0
U2 7
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD JAN 22
PY 2005
VL 365
IS 9456
BP 318
EP 326
PG 9
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 889NL
UT WOS:000226449600035
PM 15664227
ER
PT J
AU Bergeron, E
Vincent, MJ
Wickham, L
Hamelin, J
Basak, A
Nichol, ST
Chretien, M
Seidah, NG
AF Bergeron, E
Vincent, MJ
Wickham, L
Hamelin, J
Basak, A
Nichol, ST
Chretien, M
Seidah, NG
TI Implication of proprotein convertases in the processing and spread of
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE SARS-CoV; proprotein convertases; furin; inhibitor; viral infection;
viral spread; biosynthesis; spike glycoprotein processing
ID VIRUS FUSION PROTEIN; SARS CORONAVIRUS; SPIKE PROTEIN; VIRAL ENTRY;
CLEAVAGE; GLYCOPROTEIN; FURIN; ACTIVATION; SURFACE; CELLS
AB Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is the etiological agent of SARS. Analysis of SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein (S) using recombinant plasmid and virus infections demonstrated that the S-precursor (pros) exists as a similar to190 kDa endoplasmic reticulum form and a similar to210 kDa Golgi-modified form. ProS is subsequently processed into two C-terminal proteins of similar to110 and similar to80 kDa. The membrane-bound proprotein convertases (PCs) furin, PC7 or PC5B enhanced the production of the similar to80 kDa protein. In agreement, pros processing, cytopathic effects, and viral titers were enhanced in recombinant Vero E6 cells overexpressing furin, PC7 or PC5B. The convertase inhibitor dec-RVKR-cmk significantly reduced pros cleavage and viral titers of SARS-CoV infected cells. In addition, inhibition of processing by dec-RVKR-cmk completely abrogated the virus-induced cellular cytopathicity. A fluorogenically quenched synthetic peptide encompassing Arg(761) of the spike glycoprotein was efficiently cleaved by furin and the cleavage was inhibited by EDTA and dec-RVKR-cmk. Taken together, our data indicate that furin or PC-mediated processing plays a critical role in SARS-CoV spread and cytopathicity, and inhibitors of the PCs represent potential therapeutic anti-SARS-CoV agents. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Clin Res Inst Montreal, Biochem Neuroendocrinol Lab, Montreal, PQ H2W 1R7, Canada.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ottawa Hlth Res Inst, Reg Prot Chem Ctr, Dis Aging Unit, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada.
RP Seidah, NG (reprint author), Clin Res Inst Montreal, Biochem Neuroendocrinol Lab, 110 Pine Ave W, Montreal, PQ H2W 1R7, Canada.
EM seidahn@ircm.qc.ca
RI Seidah, Nabil/I-3596-2013
OI Seidah, Nabil/0000-0001-6503-9342
NR 38
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0006-291X
J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO
JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
PD JAN 21
PY 2005
VL 326
IS 3
BP 554
EP 563
DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.11.063
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 885FT
UT WOS:000226143200006
PM 15596135
ER
PT J
AU Paulozzi, U
Patel, R
AF Paulozzi, U
Patel, R
CA CDC
TI Trends in motorcycle fatalities associated with alcohol impaired driving
- United States, 1983-2003 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1103-1106)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Paulozzi, U (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 19
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 3
BP 287
EP 288
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 888FA
UT WOS:000226358400009
ER
PT J
AU McMahan, D
Robertson, L
Koch, MB
Lapsley, A
Teclaw, R
Britton, P
Massey, J
Mosher, L
Gonzalez, I
Ijaz, K
Tuckey, D
Cruise, P
Palumbo, G
Felix, D
Heirendt, W
Cropper, T
AF McMahan, D
Robertson, L
Koch, MB
Lapsley, A
Teclaw, R
Britton, P
Massey, J
Mosher, L
Gonzalez, I
Ijaz, K
Tuckey, D
Cruise, P
Palumbo, G
Felix, D
Heirendt, W
Cropper, T
CA CDC
TI Brief report: Tuberculosis outbreak in a low-incidence state - Indiana,
2001-2004 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1134-1135, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 Allen Cty Dept Hlth, Ft Wayne, IN 46802 USA.
Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Bur Labs, Lansing, MI USA.
CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP McMahan, D (reprint author), Allen Cty Dept Hlth, Ft Wayne, IN 46802 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 19
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 3
BP 290
EP 290
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 888FA
UT WOS:000226358400011
ER
PT J
AU Mokdad, AH
Marks, JS
Stroup, DF
Gerberding, JL
AF Mokdad, AH
Marks, JS
Stroup, DF
Gerberding, JL
TI Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000 (vol 291, pg 1238,
2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Correction
ID OBESITY
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Mokdad, AH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM amokdad@cdc.gov
NR 6
TC 308
Z9 315
U1 1
U2 54
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 19
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 3
BP 293
EP 294
DI 10.1001/jama.293.3.293
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 888FA
UT WOS:000226358400012
PM 15657315
ER
PT J
AU Nadel, MR
Shapiro, JA
Klabunde, CN
Seeff, LC
Uhler, R
Smith, RA
Ransohoff, DF
AF Nadel, MR
Shapiro, JA
Klabunde, CN
Seeff, LC
Uhler, R
Smith, RA
Ransohoff, DF
TI A national survey of primary care physicians' methods for screening for
fecal occult blood
SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID CANCER-SOCIETY GUIDELINES; COLORECTAL-CANCER; CLINICAL GUIDELINES;
SELF-REPORT; FOLLOW-UP; SURVEILLANCE; MORTALITY; UPDATE; SIGMOIDOSCOPY;
RATIONALE
AB Background: Screening with the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) has been shown to reduce colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in randomized, controlled trials. Although the test is simple, implementation requires adherence to specific techniques of testing and follow-up of abnormal results.
Objective: To examine how FOBT and follow-up are conducted in community practice across the United States.
Design: Cross-sectional national surveys of primary care physicians and the public.
Setting: The Survey of Colorectal Cancer Screening Practices in Health Care Organizations and the 2000 National Health Interview Survey.
Participants: 1147 primary care physicians who ordered or performed FOBT and 11 365 adults 50 years of age or older who responded to questions about FOBT use.
Measurements: Self-reported data on details of FOBT implementation and follow-up of positive results.
Results: Although screening guidelines recommend home tests, 32.5% (95% Cl, 29.8% to 35.3%) of physicians used only the less accurate method of single-sample in-office testing; another 41.2% (Cl, 38.3% to 44.0%) used both types of test. Follow-up of positive test results showed considerable nonadherence to guidelines, with 29.7% (Cl, 27.1% to 32.4%) of physicians recommending repeating FOBT. Furthermore, sigmoidoscopy, rather than total colon examination, was commonly recommended to work up abnormal findings. Nearly one third of adults who reported having FOBT said they had only an in-office test, and nearly one third of those who reported abnormal FOBT results reported no follow-up diagnostic procedures.
Limitations: The study was based on self-reports. Data from the National Health Interview Survey may underestimate the prevalence of in-office testing and inadequate follow-up.
Conclusions: mortality reductions demonstrated with FOBT in clinical trials may not be realized in community practice because of the common use of in-office tests and inappropriate follow-up of positive results. Education of providers and system-level interventions are needed to improve the quality of screening implementation.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Nadel, MR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM mrn1@cdc.gov
FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-PC-85169]; PHS HHS [99FED06571]
NR 39
TC 129
Z9 131
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA
SN 0003-4819
J9 ANN INTERN MED
JI Ann. Intern. Med.
PD JAN 18
PY 2005
VL 142
IS 2
BP 86
EP 94
PG 9
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 915LQ
UT WOS:000228306100002
PM 15657156
ER
PT J
AU Holguin, F
Mannino, DM
Anto, J
Mott, J
Ford, ES
Teague, WG
Redd, SC
Romieu, I
AF Holguin, F
Mannino, DM
Anto, J
Mott, J
Ford, ES
Teague, WG
Redd, SC
Romieu, I
TI Country of birth as a risk factor for asthma among Mexican Americans
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE asthma; Mexican Americans; migration
ID BODY-MASS INDEX; NHANES-III; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; SERUM IGE; US ADULTS;
IMMIGRANTS; PREVALENCE; ALLERGY; HEALTH; AGE
AB In the United States, among Hispanics, Mexican Americans have the lowest rate of asthma. However, this population includes Mexican Americans born in the United States and in Mexico, and risk factors that might impact the prevalence of asthma differ between these groups. To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for asthma among U.S.- and Mexican-born Mexican Americans, we analyzed data from two U.S. surveys that included 4,574 persons who self-reported their ethnicity as Mexican American from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) 1998-1994 and 12,980 persons who self-reported their ethnicity as Mexican American from National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 1997-2001. U.S.-born Mexican Americans were more likely than Mexican-born Mexican Americans to report ever having asthma in both the NHANES III (7% [SE 0.5] vs. 3% [SE 0.3], p < 0.001) and NHIS surveys (8.1% [0.4] vs. 2.5% [0.2], p < 0.001). In a multivariate regression model controlling for multiple demographic variables and health care, the risk for asthma was higher among U.S.-born Mexicans in NHANES III (odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.4-3.3) and NHIS (odds ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.6-5.5). In conclusion, the prevalence of asthma was higher in U.S.-born than in Mexican-born Mexican Americans. This finding highlights the importance of environmental exposures in developing asthma in a migratory population.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Municipal Inst Med Res, Barcelona, Spain.
Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
RP Holguin, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-17, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM fch5@cdc.gov
RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015; Anto, J/H-2676-2014;
OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284; Anto, J/0000-0002-4736-8529;
Mannino, David/0000-0003-3646-7828
NR 38
TC 75
Z9 76
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER THORACIC SOC
PI NEW YORK
PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA
SN 1073-449X
J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE
JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
PD JAN 15
PY 2005
VL 171
IS 2
BP 103
EP 108
DI 10.1164/rccm.200402-143OC
PG 6
WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System
SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System
GA 886UO
UT WOS:000226258400004
PM 15516539
ER
PT J
AU Bilukha, OO
Brennan, M
AF Bilukha, OO
Brennan, M
TI Injuries and deaths caused by unexploded ordnance in Afganistan: review
of surveillance data, 1997-2002
SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB In 2000-2, Afghanistan had the highest number of casualties due to landmines and unexploded ordnance in the world.(1) Increasing international awareness of the public health threat posed by landmines is the legacy of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines. More attention must be paid to, the growing and equally deadly threat posed by unexploded ordnance.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Bilukha, OO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C-09, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM obilukha@cdc.gov
NR 4
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND
SN 0959-535X
J9 BRIT MED J
JI Br. Med. J.
PD JAN 15
PY 2005
VL 330
IS 7483
BP 127
EP 128
DI 10.1136/bmj.38337.361782.82
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 889PM
UT WOS:000226454900019
PM 15640249
ER
PT J
AU Apisarnthanarak, A
Erb, S
Stephenson, I
Katz, JM
Chittaganpitch, M
Sangkitporn, S
Kitphati, R
Thawatsupha, P
Waicharoen, S
Pinitchai, U
Apisarnthanarak, P
Fraser, VJ
Mundy, LM
AF Apisarnthanarak, A
Erb, S
Stephenson, I
Katz, JM
Chittaganpitch, M
Sangkitporn, S
Kitphati, R
Thawatsupha, P
Waicharoen, S
Pinitchai, U
Apisarnthanarak, P
Fraser, VJ
Mundy, LM
TI Seroprevalence of anti-H5 antibody among Thai health care workers after
exposure to avian influenza (H5N1) in a tertiary care center
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID A H5N1; HONG-KONG; VIRUS; INFECTION
AB After the initial atypical presentation of a patient with avian influenza ( H5N1) infection, paired acute-phase and convalescent-phase serum samples obtained from 25 health care workers ( HCWs) who were exposed to the patient were compared with paired serum samples obtained from 24 HCWs who worked at different units in the same hospital and were not exposed to the patient. There was no serologic evidence of anti-H5 antibody reactivity or subclinical infection in either of the groups.
C1 Thammasart Univ Hosp, Fac Med, Div Infect Dis, Pratumthani 12120, Thailand.
Thammasart Univ Hosp, Fac Med, Intens Care Unit, Pratumthani 12120, Thailand.
Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Med Sci, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Siriraj Hosp, Dept Radiol, Fac Med, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
St Louis Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
RP Apisarnthanarak, A (reprint author), Thammasart Univ Hosp, Fac Med, Div Infect Dis, Pratumthani 12120, Thailand.
EM anapisarn@yahoo.com
NR 9
TC 36
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD JAN 15
PY 2005
VL 40
IS 2
BP E16
EP E18
DI 10.1086/427034
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 904JL
UT WOS:000227492400037
PM 15655735
ER
PT J
AU Ding, YS
Trommel, JS
Yan, XZJ
Ashley, D
Watson, CH
AF Ding, YS
Trommel, JS
Yan, XZJ
Ashley, D
Watson, CH
TI Determination of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mainstream smoke
from domestic cigarettes
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TOTAL PARTICULATE MATTER; TOBACCO-SMOKE; CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION;
NICOTINE; BENZOPYRENE; BENZO(A)PYRENE; CONDENSATE; AMINES; PHASE; TAR
AB Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of environmental pollutants created primarily from incomplete combustion of various organic materials including tobacco. Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of various classes of compounds, including numerous PAHs, in both the mainstream and the sidestrearn smoke fractions. We measured the levels of 14 PAHs in mainstream smoke from unfiltered custom cigarettes made from individual tobacco types and 30 brands of domestic blended cigarettes using standardized smoking conditions, extraction from the Cambridge filter pads, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Differences in smoke PAHs from cigarettes with selected tobacco blends were identified and illustrate how blend composition contributes to the overall mainstream smoke PAH profile. The PAH levels varied among the different commercial cigarette brands, with the amount of total mainstream smoke PAHs ranging from 1 to 1.6 mug per cigarette. Under machine smoking conditions, the mainstream smoke from domestic cigarettes had individual PAHs ranging from benzo[k]fluoranthene at levels below 10 ng/cigarette to naphthalene at levels of around 500 ng/cigarette. Low delivery cigarettes smoked with blocked filter vent holes dramatically increased the mainstream smoke PAH deliveries with respect to their unblocked counterparts. Inhalation of PAHs and other harmful chemicals from cigarette smoke are unique as they represent a routine voluntary exposure to common environmental pollutants.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Watson, CH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, 4470 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM cwatson@cdc.gov
NR 24
TC 101
Z9 110
U1 0
U2 50
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JAN 15
PY 2005
VL 39
IS 2
BP 471
EP 478
DI 10.1021/es048690k
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 889KG
UT WOS:000226441300019
PM 15707046
ER
PT J
AU Otten, RA
Adams, DR
Kim, CN
Jackson, E
Pullium, JK
Lee, K
Grohskopf, LA
Monsour, M
Butera, S
Folks, TM
AF Otten, RA
Adams, DR
Kim, CN
Jackson, E
Pullium, JK
Lee, K
Grohskopf, LA
Monsour, M
Butera, S
Folks, TM
TI Multiple vaginal exposures to low doses of R5 simian-human
immunodeficiency virus: Strategy to study HIV preclinical interventions
in nonhuman primates
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID PIG-TAILED MACAQUES; RHESUS MACAQUES; INTRAVAGINAL INOCULATION; MUCOSAL
TRANSMISSION; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; DUAL INFECTION; TYPE-1; MODEL; AIDS;
PERSISTENT
AB A nonhuman-primate model of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection that more closely emulates human heterosexual transmission by use of multiple exposures to low doses of virus is critical to better evaluate intervention strategies that include microbicides or vaccines. In this report, we describe such a system that uses female pig-tailed macaques exposed vaginally to a CCR5-using simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIVSF162P3) at weekly intervals. Results of dose-titration experiments indicated that 3 once-weekly exposures to 10 tissue culture infectious doses of SHIVSF162P3 resulted in consistent transmission of virus and establishment of systemic infection. The efficacy of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) as a vaginal microbicide was evaluated by applying it to the vaginal vault of macaques (n = 4) 15 min before each weekly exposure to SHIVSF162P3. One conclusion that can be drawn from the data derived from multiple exposures to virus is that CAP prevented infection in 12 of 13 possible chances for infection, over the course of 39 total exposures. Our findings provide a basis to refine monkey models for transmission of HIV-1, which may be relevant to preclinical evaluation for therapeutic interventions.
C1 CDC, HIV AIDS & Retrovirol Branch, DASTLR, NCHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Resources Program, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Stat & Data Management Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Anim Resources, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RP Otten, RA (reprint author), CDC, HIV AIDS & Retrovirol Branch, DASTLR, NCHSTP, Mailstop G-19,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM rxo1@cdc.gov
NR 26
TC 83
Z9 86
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD JAN 15
PY 2005
VL 191
IS 2
BP 164
EP 173
DI 10.1086/426452
PG 10
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 881SK
UT WOS:000225889500004
PM 15609225
ER
PT J
AU Papania, MJ
Strebel, PM
AF Papania, MJ
Strebel, PM
TI Measles surveillance: the importance of finding the tip of the iceberg
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID REPORTING EFFICIENCY; LOS-ANGELES; CITY
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Rubella Mumps Eliminat Team, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Papania, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Rubella Mumps Eliminat Team, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM mpapania@cdc.gov
NR 9
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD JAN 14
PY 2005
VL 365
IS 9454
BP 100
EP 101
DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17715-0
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 885PZ
UT WOS:000226170700004
PM 15639275
ER
PT J
AU Zohrabian, A
AF Zohrabian, A
TI The long-term effects and economic consequences of treatments for
obesity: work in progress
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Zohrabian, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM Abz8@cdc.gov
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD JAN 14
PY 2005
VL 365
IS 9454
BP 104
EP 105
DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17718-6
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 885PZ
UT WOS:000226170700007
PM 15639278
ER
PT J
AU Bloom, S
Rguig, A
Berraho, A
Zniber, L
Bouazzaoui, N
Zaghloul, K
Reef, S
Zidouh, A
Papania, M
Seward, J
AF Bloom, S
Rguig, A
Berraho, A
Zniber, L
Bouazzaoui, N
Zaghloul, K
Reef, S
Zidouh, A
Papania, M
Seward, J
TI Congenital rubella syndrome burden in Morocco: a rapid retrospective
assessment
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Article
ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; SYNDROME CRS; CHILDREN; ABNORMALITIES; DISEASE;
SCHOOL; DEAF
AB Background WHO recommends that countries considering introduction of rubella vaccine into their immunisation programme assess their burden of congenital rubella syndrome, to determine whether vaccination is warranted. However, few guidelines exist for such assessments in developing countries. We retrospectively estimated the burden of congenital rubella syndrome in Morocco, and assessed our methods of rapid case finding.
Methods We undertook case finding in the two cities with Morocco's main tertiary care referral centres, using medical records from births between Jan 1, 1990, and May 31, 2002, disability records from 1965 to 1997, and retinal examinations from deaf students born between 1985 and 1994, applying the WHO definition for a clinically confirmed case of congenital rubella syndrome. We also reviewed disability data for evidence of epidemic periodicity and estimated yearly incidence of the syndrome from congenital cataract data for births between 1990 and 2001.
Findings We identified 62 clinically confirmed cases of congenital rubella syndrome from medical records, 148 from disability records, and 15 in deaf students. We noted no epidemic periodicity in disability data, and estimated a yearly incidence of the syndrome in Morocco of 8.1-12.7 cases per 100 000 livebirths.
Interpretation We show evidence of congenital rubella syndrome in Morocco and support the addition of rubella vaccination to the national programme. Various data sources can be explored to rapidly assess burden of the syndrome; ophthalmology departments and outpatient cardiology clinics could offer the most potential for such case finding, dependent on documentation practices.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Minist Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Rabat, Morocco.
Ibn Sina Univ Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Rabat, Morocco.
Ctr Cardiol, Rabat, Morocco.
Ibn Sina Univ Hosp, Childrens Hosp, Dept Neonatol, Rabat, Morocco.
Ibn Rochd Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat Ophthalmol, Casablanca, Morocco.
RP Bloom, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, MS E-61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM SBloom@cdc.gov
NR 30
TC 15
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD JAN 14
PY 2005
VL 365
IS 9454
BP 135
EP 141
DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17703-4
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 885PZ
UT WOS:000226170700028
PM 15639295
ER
PT J
AU Seipone, K
Ntumy, R
Smith, M
Thuku, H
Mazhani, L
Creek, T
Shaffer, N
Kilmarx, PH
AF Seipone, K
Ntumy, R
Smith, M
Thuku, H
Mazhani, L
Creek, T
Shaffer, N
Kilmarx, PH
CA CDC
TI Introduction of routine HIV testing in prenatal care - Botswana, 2004
(Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1083-1086, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 Botswana Minist Hlth, Family Hlth Div, Gaborone, Botswana.
BOTUSA Project, Gaborone, Botswana.
Francistown Dist Hlth Team, Francistown, Botswana.
Nyangabgwe Hosp, Francistown, Botswana.
CDC, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Seipone, K (reprint author), Botswana Minist Hlth, Family Hlth Div, Gaborone, Botswana.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 12
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 2
BP 152
EP 153
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 885QC
UT WOS:000226171000009
ER
PT J
AU Adler, GS
Winston, CA
AF Adler, GS
Winston, CA
CA CDC
TI Influenza vaccination and self-reported reasons for not receiving
influenza vaccination among Medicare beneficiaries aged >= 65 years -
United States, 1991-2002 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1012-1015,
2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 CDC, Off Res Dev & Informat, Ctr Medicare Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CDC, Off Res Dev & Informat, Ctr Medicaid Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Adler, GS (reprint author), CDC, Off Res Dev & Informat, Ctr Medicare Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 12
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 2
BP 153
EP 155
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 885QC
UT WOS:000226171000010
ER
PT J
AU Teates, K
Brammer, L
Balish, A
Wallis, T
Hall, H
Klimov, A
Fukuda, K
Cox, N
Katz, M
AF Teates, K
Brammer, L
Balish, A
Wallis, T
Hall, H
Klimov, A
Fukuda, K
Cox, N
Katz, M
CA WHO Collaborating Ctr Surveilance
CDC
TI Update: Influenza activity - United States and worldwide, May-October
2004 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 993-996, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 WHO, Collaborating Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Contro, Geneva, Switzerland.
CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Teates, K (reprint author), WHO, Collaborating Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Contro, Geneva, Switzerland.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 12
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 2
BP 155
EP 156
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 885QC
UT WOS:000226171000011
ER
PT J
AU Meltzer, MI
Neuzil, KA
Griffin, MR
Fukuda, K
AF Meltzer, MI
Neuzil, KA
Griffin, MR
Fukuda, K
TI An economic analysis of annual influenza vaccination of children
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE influenza vaccination; economics; children; high risk
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PRIMARY-CARE PRACTICES; ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA;
UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SCHOOLCHILDREN; EFFICACY; ILLNESS;
VISITS; INFECTION
AB We used a Monte Carlo mathematical model to calculate the net economic returns (cost-benefit analysis) from annually vaccinating children against influenza. The model included cohorts of 1000 children in three different age groups (6-23 months, 6-59 months, and 5-14 years), with different proportions of children with high risk conditions (100, 10, and 0%). Vaccinating cohorts of 100% high risk children in all three age groups produced median net savings, regardless of cost of vaccination examined (US$ 30-60/dose administered). Median threshold vaccination costs for cohorts containing 10% high risk children were US$ 48, 46, and 45 per dose administered for age groups 6-23 months, 6-59 months, and 5-14 years, respectively (US$/dose administered below these thresholds generate net savings). For all cohorts, for the range of cost per dose administered examined, the 5th percentiles were net costs. The probability of death, though rare, was the most influential distribution in the model. The number of high-risk children that receive influenza vaccine should be maximized to achieve improved health outcomes as well as cost savings. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 CDC, NCID, OD, OS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Meltzer, MI (reprint author), CDC, NCID, OD, OS, Mailstop D-59,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM qzm4@cdc.gov
NR 34
TC 56
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD JAN 11
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 8
BP 1004
EP 1014
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.07.040
PG 11
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 890XT
UT WOS:000226545400005
PM 15620473
ER
PT J
AU Shenson, D
DiMartino, D
Bolen, J
Campbell, M
Lu, PJ
Singleton, JA
AF Shenson, D
DiMartino, D
Bolen, J
Campbell, M
Lu, PJ
Singleton, JA
TI Validation of self-reported pneumococcal vaccination in behavioral risk
factor surveillance surveys: experience from the sickness prevention
achieved through regional collaboration (SPARC) program
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE validity; vaccination; self-report; pneumococcal infection
ID ELDERLY OUTPATIENTS; INFLUENZA; SAFETY
AB Behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS) is the primary surveillance tool for the ongoing measurement of state-specific delivery of pneumnococcal polysaccharide vaccine. This study is the first validity assessment of self-reported pneumococcal vaccination status in a population-wide BRFSS survey. A subset of respondents to the sickness prevention achieved through regional collaboration (SPARC) BRFSS survey, which was conducted from June to September 1997 in a four-county area were assessed. Self-reporting of pneumococcal vaccination status was validated either by matching to Medicare claims or by reviewing of medical records. Self-reporting of pneumococcal vaccination had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 83%. We conclude that self-reporting of pneumococcal immunization is a moderately sensitive and specific measure and that population-based surveys in the community can be validated when undertaken in collaboration with a local health care agency. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Sickness Prevent Achieved Through Reg Collaborat, Lakeville, CT USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Serv, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Shenson, D (reprint author), 76 Prince St, Newton, MA 02465 USA.
EM dshenson@earthlink.net
NR 19
TC 51
Z9 54
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD JAN 11
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 8
BP 1015
EP 1020
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.07.039
PG 6
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 890XT
UT WOS:000226545400006
PM 15620474
ER
PT J
AU Vong, S
Fiore, AE
Haight, DO
Li, JF
Borgsmiller, N
Kuhnert, W
Pinero, F
Boaz, K
Badsgard, T
Mancini, C
Nainan, OV
Wiersma, S
Bell, BP
AF Vong, S
Fiore, AE
Haight, DO
Li, JF
Borgsmiller, N
Kuhnert, W
Pinero, F
Boaz, K
Badsgard, T
Mancini, C
Nainan, OV
Wiersma, S
Bell, BP
TI Vaccination in the county jail as a strategy to reach high risk adults
during a community-based hepatitis A outbreak among methamphetamine drug
users
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE hepatitis A; methamphetamine; jail
AB Illicit drug use (IDU) is an important risk factor for hepatitis A, but implementing vaccination programs among, drug users is difficult. During January 2001-July 2002, 403 hepatitis A cases were reported in Polk County, Florida; 48% were drug users and of these, 80% were recently in jail. To assess the county jail as a potential vaccination venue. we interviewed 280 inmates and conducted a serologic survey during July-August 2002. Of these, 227 (81%) reported a past IDU history. Previous RAW infection was found in 33%. In communities with illicit drug users at risk for hepatitis A and who are frequently jailed. vaccination programs in jails could be an important component of a community-based strategy to control hepatitis A outbreaks among illicit drug users. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Polk Cty Dept Hlth, Polk Cty, FL USA.
Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Tallahassee, FL USA.
RP Vong, S (reprint author), Inst Pasteur, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
EM svong@pasteur-kh.org
NR 17
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD JAN 11
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 8
BP 1021
EP 1028
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.07.038
PG 8
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 890XT
UT WOS:000226545400007
PM 15620475
ER
PT J
AU Smith, RP
Katz, CL
Holmes, A
Herbert, R
Levin, S
Moline, J
Landsbergis, P
Stevenson, L
North, CS
Larkin, GL
Baron, S
Hurrell, JJ
AF Smith, RP
Katz, CL
Holmes, A
Herbert, R
Levin, S
Moline, J
Landsbergis, P
Stevenson, L
North, CS
Larkin, GL
Baron, S
Hurrell, JJ
TI Mental health status of World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers
and volunteers - New York City, July 2002 August 2004 (Reprinted from
MMWR, vol 53, pg 812-815, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 Disaster Psychiat Outreach, New York, NY USA.
Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA.
Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA.
Univ Texas, SW Med Sch, Dallas, TX 75230 USA.
CDC, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Smith, RP (reprint author), Disaster Psychiat Outreach, New York, NY USA.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD JAN 5
PY 2005
VL 293
IS 1
BP 30
EP 31
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 884QY
UT WOS:000226102100005
ER
PT J
AU B'Hymer, C
Cheever, KL
AF B'Hymer, C
Cheever, KL
TI Development of a headspace gas chromatographic test for the
quantification of 1-and 2-bromopropane in human urine
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL
AND LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE 1-bromopropane; 2-bromopropane
ID 1-BROMOPROPANE; METABOLISM; SOLVENTS; DISORDERS; EXPOSURE; RAT
AB A test procedure was developed for the detection and quantification of 1- and 2-bromopropane in human urine. 1-Bromopropane (1-BP) is a commonly used industrial solvent, and 2-bromopropane (2-BP) is often found as an impurity component in industrial grade 1-BP. Both compounds are a health concern for exposed workers due to their chronic toxicity. Bromopropanes have been associated with neurological disorders in both animals and humans. Sample preparation consisted of diluting urine with water and fortification with 1-bromobutane (1-BB), which was used as an internal standard; then each sample was sealed in a headspace vial. A static-headspace sampler (Teledyne-Tekmar Model 7000) was used to heat each sample at 75 degreesC for a 35-min equilibrium time. Quantification was by means of a gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with an electron capture detector (ECD) and a dimethylpolysiloxane (DB-1) capillary column. A recovery study using fortified urine samples at multiple concentrations (0.5-8 mug/ml) demonstrated full recovery: 104-121%, recovery was obtained. Precision ranged from 5 to 17% for the 15-20 spiked samples used at each concentration, which were analyzed over multiple experimental trial days. The limit of detection (LOD) for this test procedure was approximately 2 ng/ml 1-BP and 7 ng/ml 2-BP in urine. A recovery study of 1- and 2-BP from fortified urine stored in vials appropriate for field collection was also completed. These results and other factors of the development and validation of this test procedure will be discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol,Taft Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
RP B'Hymer, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol,Taft Lab, 4676 Columbia Pky, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM cbhymer@cdc.gov
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-0232
J9 J CHROMATOGR B
JI J. Chromatogr. B
PD JAN 5
PY 2005
VL 814
IS 1
BP 185
EP 189
DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.10.045
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 886ZP
UT WOS:000226272100024
PM 15607724
ER
PT J
AU Angell, SY
Cetron, MS
AF Angell, SY
Cetron, MS
TI Health disparities among travelers visiting friends and relatives abroad
SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-YORK-CITY; EMERGING INFECTIONS; IMPORTED MALARIA; TUBERCULOSIS;
CHILDREN; RISK; MEDICINE; COUNTRIES; MIGRANTS; SENTINEL
AB For an estimated 10 million trips abroad by U.S. residents in 2002, "visiting friends and relatives" (VFR) was a purpose for travel. Made up largely of foreign-born U.S. residents and their children, this population shows disparities in the number of reported cases of many preventable travel-related illnesses compared with people who travel for other purposes, such as tourism. High-risk illnesses in VFR travelers include childhood vaccine-preventable illnesses, hepatitis A and B, tuberculosis, malaria, and typhoid fever. Gaps in the prevalence of disease and access to care both between countries and within the United States uniquely influence disease risk in this population of travelers. We describe this population, a framework for understanding travel-related health disparities, and recommendations for improving the effective delivery of preventive travel-related care to VFR travelers. In addition to transnational efforts to control and eradicate disease, preventing illness in U.S. resident VFR travelers requires focused efforts to remove barriers to their care. In the United States, barriers exist at the systems level (for example, low insurance coverage), patient level (for example, misperception of disease risk), and provider level (for example, inadequate knowledge of travel medicine).
C1 New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hygiene, New York, NY 10007 USA.
Robert Wood Johnson Clin Scholars Program, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Angell, SY (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hygiene, 2 Lafayette St,CN-46, New York, NY 10007 USA.
EM sangell@health.nyc.gov
NR 38
TC 104
Z9 108
U1 4
U2 10
PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA
SN 0003-4819
J9 ANN INTERN MED
JI Ann. Intern. Med.
PD JAN 4
PY 2005
VL 142
IS 1
BP 67
EP 72
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 916DS
UT WOS:000228366200007
PM 15630110
ER
PT J
AU Coleman, MS
Fontanesi, J
Meltzer, MI
Shefer, A
Fishbein, DB
Bennett, NM
Stryker, D
AF Coleman, MS
Fontanesi, J
Meltzer, MI
Shefer, A
Fishbein, DB
Bennett, NM
Stryker, D
TI Estimating medical practice expenses from administering adult influenza
vaccinations
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE adult influenza vaccination; economic evaluation; vaccination costs
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HEALTHY WORKING ADULTS; IMMUNIZATION RATES;
COST-BENEFIT; INFORMATION; IMPACT
AB Potential business losses incurred vaccinating adults against influenza have not been defined because of a lack of estimates for medical practice costs incurred delivering vaccines. We collected data on vaccination labor time and other associated expenses. We modeled estimates of per-vaccination medical practice business costs associated with delivering adult influenza vaccine in different sized practices. Per-shot costs ranged from US$ 13.87 to US$ 46.27 (2001 dollars). When compared with average Medicare payments of US$ 11.7 1, per-shot losses ranged from US$ 2.16 to US$ 34.56. More research is needed to determine less expensive delivery settings and/or whether third-party payers need to make higher payments for adult vaccinations. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, HSREB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Off Surveillance, Off Director, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.
Infect Dis & Internal Med Associates, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Coleman, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, HSREB, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM zby5@cdc.gov
NR 30
TC 20
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD JAN 4
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 7
BP 915
EP 923
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.07.028
PG 9
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 887SS
UT WOS:000226326400010
PM 15603893
ER
PT J
AU Bobanga, L
Hawley, W
Wolkom, A
Beach, R
Tshefu, A
Mulumba, P
Gikapa, J
Muamba, R
AF Bobanga, L.
Hawley, W.
Wolkom, A.
Beach, R.
Tshefu, A.
Mulumba, P.
Gikapa, J.
Muamba, R.
TI ITN programms evaluation in RDC [MIM-TB-79424]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Sante Rurale, Kiinshasa, Congo.
Basics, Kinshasa, Congo.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S125
EP S126
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600191
ER
PT J
AU Breman, J
Rosen, J
Manclark, C
Meade, B
Collins, W
Lobel, H
Saliou, P
Robert, J
Campaore, P
Miller, M
AF Breman, J.
Rosen, J.
Manclark, C.
Meade, B.
Collins, W.
Lobel, H.
Saliou, P.
Robert, J.
Campaore, P.
Miller, M.
TI Malaria chemoprophylaxis and the serologic response to measles and
diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis vaccines [MIM-JB-140947]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NIH, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
US FDA, Div Bacterial Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Aventis Pasteur, Paris, France.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S233
EP S234
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600371
ER
PT J
AU Gimnig, J
Lindblade, K
Dotson, E
Bayoh, N
Mount, D
Smith, S
Vidide, J
Hawley, W
AF Gimnig, J.
Lindblade, K.
Dotson, E.
Bayoh, N.
Mount, D.
Smith, S.
Vidide, J.
Hawley, W.
TI Field and laboratory evaluation of long-lasting insecticide treated nets
[MIM-JG-1.9180]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S492
EP S492
PG 1
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600794
ER
PT J
AU Goodman, C
Kachur, S
Abdulla, S
Bloland, P
Mills, A
AF Goodman, C.
Kachur, S.
Abdulla, S.
Bloland, P.
Mills, A.
TI An economic analysis of the retail market for fever/malaria treatment in
rural Tanzania: Implications for implementing combination therapy
[MIM-CG-25145]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England.
US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S401
EP S402
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600647
ER
PT J
AU Haaland, A
Kachur, P
Kombe, F
Yaa, F
Barongo, V
Duparc, S
Marsh, V
AF Haaland, A.
Kachur, P.
Kombe, F.
Yaa, F.
Barongo, V.
Duparc, S.
Marsh, V.
TI Visual instructions promote malaria treatment [MIM-AH-24695]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Haaland Commun, Fjellstrand, Norway.
KEMRI CGMRC, Kilifi, Kenya.
Natl Inst Med Res, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S241
EP S241
PG 1
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600383
ER
PT J
AU Kachur, S
Schulden, J
Elling, B
Goodman, C
Khatib, R
Causer, L
Mkikima, S
Abdulla, S
Bloland, P
AF Kachur, S.
Schulden, J.
Elling, B.
Goodman, C.
Khatib, R.
Causer, L.
Mkikima, S.
Abdulla, S.
Bloland, P.
TI Prevalence of malaria parasitemia among clients obtaining treatment for
fever or malaria at drug stores in rural Tanzania, 2004 [MIM-SK-110123]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 CDC IHRDC Malaria Programme Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam WC1, Tanzania.
Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania.
London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Rufiji Dist Council Hlth Management Team, Utete, Tanzania.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
SU S
BP S100
EP S101
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600154
ER
PT J
AU Khatib, R
Kachur, S
Hailemeskal, M
Elling, B
Ali, A
Mvageni, E
Nyjau, J
Bloland, P
Abdulla, S
AF Khatib, R.
Kachur, S.
Hailemeskal, M.
Elling, B.
Ali, A.
Mvageni, E.
Nyjau, J.
Bloland, P.
Abdulla, S.
TI Prompt and effective malaria treatment for febrile illness: A comparison
between two autonomous health administrations in Tanzania [MIM-RK-16625]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania.
CDC IHRDC Malaria Programme Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Natl Malaria Control Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Sokoine Univ Agr, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S245
EP S246
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600390
ER
PT J
AU Kilian, A
Byamukama, W
Pigeon, O
Atieli, F
Rubaale, T
AF Kilian, A.
Byamukama, W.
Pigeon, O.
Atieli, F.
Rubaale, T.
TI Field performance of the improved, second generation PermaNet (R), a
polyester based long-lasting insecticidal mosquito net [MIM-AK-20898]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 USAID, Kampala, Uganda.
Ctr Dis Control, Kampala, Uganda.
Kabarole Dist Hlth Serv, Ft Portal, Uganda.
Agr Res Ctr, Gembloux, Belgium.
Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
GTZ Basic Hlth Serv, Ft Portal, Uganda.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S493
EP S494
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600797
ER
PT J
AU Lima-junior, J
Tran, T
Vargas-serrato, E
Farnon, E
De-simone, S
Santos, F
Barnwell, J
Galinski, M
Oliveira-ferreira, J
AF Lima-junior, J.
Tran, T.
Vargas-serrato, E.
Farnon, E.
De-simone, S.
Santos, F.
Barnwell, J.
Galinski, M.
Oliveira-ferreira, J.
TI Cellular and humoral immune responses to P-vivax Merozoite surface
protein 9 (PvMSP9) in naturally exposed individuals from Rondonia
State-Brazil [MIM-JL-15963]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Dept Immunol, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA.
Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
FUNASA, Dept Entomol, Porto Velho, Brazil.
Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RI Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli/E-7942-2014
OI Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli/0000-0002-6063-465X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S157
EP S157
PG 1
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600244
ER
PT J
AU Metta, E
Msechu, J
Kachur, S
Kimweri, A
Abdulla, S
Bloland, P
AF Metta, E.
Msechu, J.
Kachur, S.
Kimweri, A.
Abdulla, S.
Bloland, P.
TI Assessment of community attitudes and perceptions toward
sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and SP plus artesunate in rural Tanzania
[MIM-EM-22589]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania.
CDC IHRDC Malaria Programme Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S250
EP S251
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600399
ER
PT J
AU Mrema, H
Malisa, A
Kachur, S
Mshinda, H
Abdulla, S
AF Mrema, H.
Malisa, A.
Kachur, S.
Mshinda, H.
Abdulla, S.
TI Molecular detection of DHFR and DHPS genes from sporozoite infected
mosquitoes [MIM-HM-25296]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Sokoine Univ Agr, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S213
EP S213
PG 1
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600336
ER
PT J
AU Mulokoz, A
Macarthur, J
Kachur, S
Abdulla, S
Juma, V
Nathan, R
Mshinda, H
Bloland, P
AF Mulokoz, A.
Macarthur, J.
Kachur, S.
Abdulla, S.
Juma, V.
Nathan, R.
Mshinda, H.
Bloland, P.
TI The burden of malaria in pregnancy in Ifakara, Tanzania-An area of high
ITN coverage [MIM-AM-198838]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
CDC IHRDC Malaria Programme Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S131
EP S131
PG 1
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600201
ER
PT J
AU Munkondya, J
Kachur, S
Mkikima, S
Kaizer, E
Khatib, R
Abdulla, S
Bloland, P
Mshinda, H
AF Munkondya, J.
Kachur, S.
Mkikima, S.
Kaizer, E.
Khatib, R.
Abdulla, S.
Bloland, P.
Mshinda, H.
TI Routine delivery of antimalarial combination therapy with
sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) plus artesunate in rural Tanzania:
Coverage and adherence [MIM-JM-179448]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania.
CDC, IHRDC Malaria Programme Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Rufiji Dist Council Hlth Management Team, Utete, Tanzania.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S79
EP S80
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600120
ER
PT J
AU Njau, J
Goodman, C
Kachur, S
Palmer, N
Munkondya, J
Mchomvu, N
Abdulla, S
Bloland, P
Mills, A
AF Njau, J.
Goodman, C.
Kachur, S.
Palmer, N.
Munkondya, J.
Mchomvu, N.
Abdulla, S.
Bloland, P.
Mills, A.
TI The economic and financial costs of introducing artemisinin-based
combination therapy: Evidence from district-wide implementation in rural
Tanzania [MIM-JN-2530]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania.
London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England.
US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S408
EP S409
PG 2
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600659
ER
PT J
AU Simard, F
Licht, M
Lehmann, T
AF Simard, F.
Licht, M.
Lehmann, T.
TI Molecular evidence for selection acting on the Defensin gene in the
Anopheles gambiae complex [MIM-FS-115040]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 OCEAC IRD, Yaounde, Cameroon.
CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NIAID, NIH, Rockville, MD USA.
RI SIMARD, Frederic/J-9489-2016
OI SIMARD, Frederic/0000-0002-2871-5329
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S107
EP S107
PG 1
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600164
ER
PT J
AU Terlouw, D
Eliades, M
Wolkon, A
Morgah, K
Hightower, A
Kuile, F
Hawley, W
AF Terlouw, D.
Eliades, M.
Wolkon, A.
Morgah, K.
Hightower, A.
Kuile, F.
Hawley, W.
TI Program evaluation of the Togo Integrated National Child Health
Campaign: Impact on malaria morbidity in young children at
community-level [MIM-DT-473704]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England.
Togo Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Program, Lome, Togo.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S221
EP S221
PG 1
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600349
ER
PT J
AU Wolkon, A
Frolov, A
Eng, J
Terlouw, D
Eliades, M
Hawley, W
Hightower, A
AF Wolkon, A.
Frolov, A.
Eng, J.
Terlouw, D.
Eliades, M.
Hawley, W.
Hightower, A.
TI Use of Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) with Global Positioning
Systems (GPS) in large-scale community household surveys [MIM-AH-47960]
SO ACTA TROPICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ctr Dis Control, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0001-706X
J9 ACTA TROP
JI Acta Trop.
PY 2005
VL 95
BP S469
EP S469
PG 1
WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine
GA V80CY
UT WOS:000205415600757
ER
PT J
AU Guest, G
McLellan-Lemal, E
Matia, DM
Pickard, R
Fuchs, J
McKirnan, D
Neidig, JL
AF Guest, G
McLellan-Lemal, E
Matia, DM
Pickard, R
Fuchs, J
McKirnan, D
Neidig, JL
TI HIV vaccine efficacy trial participation: men who have sex with men's
experiences of risk reduction counselling and perceptions of risk
behaviour change
SO AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV
LA English
DT Article
ID PREVENTION TRIALS; POPULATIONS; READINESS; NETWORK
AB Qualitative interviews were conducted with 35 men who have sex with men, enrolled in the world's first phase III HIV vaccine efficacy trial at five US sites, regarding their risk reduction counselling experiences and their perceptions of its impact on risk behaviour. Respondents ranged in age from 20 to 58 years and were predominately white (71.4%) in racial/ethnic origin. Systematic qualitative analysis revealed that a positive counselling experience meant having good rapport with clinic staff. Differences in attitudes toward counselling were related to either a personal approach of balancing an enjoyable sex life with safe sex behaviours ( balancing risks) or accepting the consequences of risky sexual behaviour rather than making changes ( risk homeostasis). Respondents seeking to balance risks indicated that they saw themselves engaging in safer sexual behaviour almost twice as often as in riskier behaviours. They perceived counselling and behavioural risk assessments to help increase their awareness of personal risk-taking behaviours. Conversely, those with a risk homeostasis approach reported that they had established sexual boundaries prior to trial participation that had thus far proven to be effective in avoiding HIV infection, and that they were comfortable with the level of risk taken. Thus, risk reduction counselling had little to no influence on their sexual practices. Some of these men also indicated that while they had not found the risk reduction information imparted to them by clinic staff to be novel, counselling was beneficial in reinforcing their HIV/AIDS and safe sex knowledge base.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Surveillance & Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
Fenway Community Hlth, Boston, MA USA.
San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA.
Howard Brown Hlth Ctr, Chicago, IL USA.
Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP McLellan-Lemal, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Surveillance & Epidemiol, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
EM egm4@cdc.gov
RI McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor/J-9720-2012;
OI McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor/0000-0002-1884-9315
NR 13
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU CARFAX PUBLISHING
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 0954-0121
J9 AIDS CARE
JI Aids Care-Psychol. Socio-Med. Asp. Aids/Hiv
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 17
IS 1
BP 46
EP 57
DI 10.1080/09540120412331305124
PG 12
WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Respiratory System; Social Sciences,
Biomedical
SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Psychology; Respiratory System; Biomedical Social Sciences
GA 880CA
UT WOS:000225764800005
PM 15832833
ER
PT J
AU Zeh, C
Pieniazek, D
Agwale, SM
Robbins, KE
Odama, L
Sani-Gwarzo, N
Gboun, MS
Inyang, US
Folks, TM
Wambebe, C
Kalish, ML
AF Zeh, C
Pieniazek, D
Agwale, SM
Robbins, KE
Odama, L
Sani-Gwarzo, N
Gboun, MS
Inyang, US
Folks, TM
Wambebe, C
Kalish, ML
TI Nigerian HIV type 2 subtype A and B from heterotypic HIV type 1 and HIV
type 2 or monotypic HIV type 2 infections
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Article
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; BISSAU
WEST-AFRICA; GUINEA-BISSAU; DUAL INFECTIONS; MIXED INFECTIONS;
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; COTE-DIVOIRE; IVORY-COAST
AB The presence of HIV- 2 in Nigeria has been confirmed serologically, but not genetically. To determine the frequency of HIV- 2 infections and the dynamics between HIV- 1 and HIV- 2 in 35 of 36 Nigerian states, 420 blood samples were collected in 1999. Antibodies to HIV- 1 and HIV- 2 were detected by EIA and seroreactivity was confirmed with the INNO- LIA HIV Line Assay. The frequency of HIV- 2 was 4.3% ( 18 of 420), with 3.8% ( 16 of 420) HIV- 1 and HIV- 2 ( HIV- 1/ 2) heterotypic and 0.5% ( 2 of 420) HIV- 2 homotypic infections. The presence of HIV- 2 subtype B in the two monotypic HIV- 2 infections and subtype A in 11 ( 68.8%) of 16 HIV- 1/ 2 dually seropositive samples was established by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. HIV- 2 subtype B viruses were not found in any of the HIV- 1/ 2 dual infections, and HIV- 2 subtype A strains were not identified in either of the two monotypic HIV- 2 infections. Since our sample size was small and represented only convenience samples, larger randomized studies will be needed to better understand the dynamics of infection between HIV- 1 and different HIV- 2 subtypes and to determine whether significant biological differences exist among the HIV-2 subtypes.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Natl Inst Pharmaceut Res & Dev, Abuja, Nigeria.
Fed Minist Hlth, Abuja, Nigeria.
RP Kalish, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop G19,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM mkalish@cdc.gov
NR 60
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 1
BP 17
EP 27
DI 10.1089/aid.2005.21.17
PG 11
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 895AE
UT WOS:000226832200004
PM 15665641
ER
PT J
AU Cole, TJ
AF Cole, TJ
TI Detecting obesity based on skinfold thicknesses
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Letter
ID FOR-DISEASE-CONTROL; BODY-MASS INDEX; REFERENCE VALUES; CHILDREN;
PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; PREVENTION
C1 Inst Child Hlth, Dept Paediat Epidemiol & Biostat, London WC1N 1EH, England.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Cole, TJ (reprint author), Inst Child Hlth, Dept Paediat Epidemiol & Biostat, 30 Guilford St, London WC1N 1EH, England.
EM tim.cole@ich.ucl.ac.uk
RI Cole, Tim/B-7883-2008
OI Cole, Tim/0000-0001-5711-8200
FU Medical Research Council [G9827821, G9827821(62595)]
NR 4
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 81
IS 1
BP 196
EP 196
PG 1
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 886VC
UT WOS:000226259800030
PM 15640480
ER
PT J
AU Hall, IJ
Moorman, PG
Millikan, RC
Newman, B
AF Hall, IJ
Moorman, PG
Millikan, RC
Newman, B
TI Comparative analysis of breast cancer risk factors among
African-American women and White women
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE African Americans; breast neoplasms; case-control studies; risk factors;
women
ID TRANSIENT INCREASE; BLACK-WOMEN; AGE; TUMOR; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CARCINOMA;
FEATURES; REGISTRY; BIRTH
AB The authors assessed risk factor profiles among 1,505 African-American and 1,809 White women in the 19932001 Carolina Breast Cancer Study. Multiple logistic regression models for case-control data were used to estimate odds ratios for several factors. Racial differences were observed in the prevalence of many breast cancer risk factors among both younger (aged 20-49 years) and older (aged 50-74 years) women. For older women, the magnitude and direction of associations were generally similar for African-American and White women, but important racial differences were observed among younger women. In particular, multiparity was associated with increased risk of breast cancer among younger African-American women (for three or four pregnancies: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9, 2.6; for five or more pregnancies: OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 0.6, 3.1) but not among younger White women (for three or four pregnancies: OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.4, 1.2; for five or more pregnancies: OR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.2, 3.0). The relations with age at first full-term pregnancy and nulliparity also varied by race. Case-only analyses before and after further adjustment for tumor stage and hormone receptor status revealed little effect on results. Hence, racial variations in both prevalences of and risks associated with particular factors may contribute to the higher incidence of breast cancer among younger African-American women.
C1 CDCP, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Canc Prevent Detect & Control Res Program, Durham, NC USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Publ Hlth, Kelvin Grove, Qld, Australia.
RP Hall, IJ (reprint author), CDCP, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM iah9@cdc.gov
FU NCI NIH HHS [P50-CA58223]
NR 32
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 2
U2 7
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD JAN 1
PY 2005
VL 161
IS 1
BP 40
EP 51
DI 10.1093/aje/kwh331
PG 12
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 884OK
UT WOS:000226094700006
PM 15615914
ER
PT J
AU Gust, D
Brown, C
Sheedy, K
Hibbs, B
Weaver, D
Nowak, G
AF Gust, D
Brown, C
Sheedy, K
Hibbs, B
Weaver, D
Nowak, G
TI Immunization attitudes and beliefs among parents: Beyond a dichotomous
perspective
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Article
DE childhood immunizations; parents; attitudes and beliefs; audience
segmentation
ID VACCINATION; UNDERSTAND; MOTHERS
AB Objectives: To better understand differences among parents in their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors regarding childhood immunizations and health-related issues. Methods: Forty-four survey variables assessing attitudes and beliefs about immunizations and health were analyzed. The K-means clusters technique was used to identify homogeneous groups of parents based upon their responses to the questions. Results: Five clusters were identified: Immunization Ad- vocates (33.0%), Go Along to Get Alongs (26.4%), Health Advocates (24.8%), Fencesitters (13.2%), and Worrieds (2.6%). Conclusions: Although only a small percentage of parents are seriously concerned, other parents who are generally supportive of immunizations for their child are also affected by immunization safety issues.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Data Management Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Off Commun, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Off Commun, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Gust, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM DGust@cdc.gou
NR 15
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 3
U2 10
PU PNG PUBLICATIONS
PI STAR CITY
PA PO BOX 4593, STAR CITY, WV 26504-4593 USA
SN 1087-3244
J9 AM J HEALTH BEHAV
JI Am. J. Health Behav.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 29
IS 1
BP 81
EP 92
PG 12
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 886VK
UT WOS:000226260700007
PM 15604052
ER
PT J
AU Matson-Koffman, DM
Brownstein, JN
Neiner, JA
Greaney, ML
AF Matson-Koffman, DM
Brownstein, JN
Neiner, JA
Greaney, ML
TI A site-specific literature review of policy and environmental
interventions that promote physical activity and nutrition for
cardiovascular health: What works?
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION
LA English
DT Review
DE cardiovascular health; environmental; policy; interventions; physical
activity; nutrition; fruit and vegetable consumption
ID COMMUNITY-BASED INTERVENTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL;
CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CITY LATINO COMMUNITY; NORTH-KARELIA PROJECT;
WORCESTER-AREA TRIAL; LOW-FAT MILK; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; INCREASE
FRUIT; STAIR USE
AB Objective. To review the literature to determine whether policy and environmental interventions can increase people's physical activity or improve their nutrition.
Data Source. The following database were searched for relevant intervention studies: Medline, Chronic Disease Prevention File, PsychInfo, Health Star, Web of Science, ERIC, the U.S Department of Transportation, and the U.S Department of Agriculture.
Study Selection. To be included in the review, studies must have (1) addressed policy or environmental interventions to promote physical activity and or good nutrition; (2) been published from 1970 to October 2003; (3) provided a description of the intervention; and (4) reported behavioral, physiological, or organizational change outcomes. Studies that had inadequate interventions descriptions or that focused on determinants research, individual-level interventions only, the built environment, or media-only campaigns were excluded.
Data Extraction. We extracted and summarized studies conducted before 1990 (n = 65) and during 1990-2003 (n = 64).
Data Synthesis. Data were synthesized by topic (i.e., physical activity or nutrition), by type of intervention (i.e., point-of-purchase), and by setting (i.e., community, health care facility, school, worksite). Current studies published during 1990-2003 are described in more detail, including setting and location, sample size and characteristics, intervention to show the strength of the study designs and the associations of policy and environmental interventions with physical activity and nutrition.
Conclusion. The results of our review suggest that policy and environmental strategies may promote physical activity and good nutrition. Based on the experimental and quasi-experimental studies in this reviews, the following interventions provide the strongest evidence for influencing these behaviors: prompts to increase stair use (N = 5); access to places and opportunities for physical activity (N = 6); school-based physical education(PE) with better-trained PE teachers, and increased length of time students are physically active (N = 7); comprehensive work-site approaches, including eduction, employee and peer support for physical activity, incentives, and access to exercise facilities (N = 5); the availability of nutritious foods (N = 33), point-of-purchase strategies (N = 29); and systemalic officer reminders and training of health care providers to provide nutritional counseling (N = 4). Further research is needed to determine the long-term effectiveness of different policy and environmental interventions with various populations and to identify the steps necessary to successfully implement these types of interventions.
C1 Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Matson-Koffman, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mailstop K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015
OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284
NR 168
TC 123
Z9 129
U1 3
U2 52
PU AMER J HEALTH PROMOTION INC
PI KEEGO HARBOR
PA 1660 CASS LAKE RD, STE 104, KEEGO HARBOR, MI 48320 USA
SN 0890-1171
J9 AM J HEALTH PROMOT
JI Am. J. Health Promot.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 19
IS 3
BP 167
EP 193
PG 27
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 887OL
UT WOS:000226315300004
PM 15693346
ER
PT J
AU Saig, J
Alterman, T
AF Saig, J
Alterman, T
TI A proportionate mortality study of bricklayers and allied craftworkers
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE mortality; construction industry; cancer; occupational disease;
bricklayers
ID TABLE ANALYSIS SYSTEM; LUNG-CANCER; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; SCIENTIFIC
JUDGMENT; SILICA EXPOSURE; RISK; ESOPHAGEAL; WORKERS; CARCINOGENICITY;
OCCUPATION
AB Background Mortality among members of the International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers (IUBAC) is examined. Bricklayers and allied craft workers may be exposed to cobalt, epoxy resins, pitch, lime, and to lung carcinogens such as asbestos, silica, and nickel.
Methods Proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) were computed using US age-, gender-, and race-specific mortality rates for members who died during 1986-1991.
Results Statistically significant PMRs among white men were found for cancers of the esophagus (PMR = 134), stomach (PMR = 131), respiratory system, trachea, bronchus, and lung (PMR = 144), other parts of the respiratory system (PMR = 216), other and unspecified sites (PMR = 125). Elevated PMRs were also found for other diseases of the blood and blood forming organs (PMR = 201), emphysema (PMR = 133) and for asbestosis (PMR = 554), and other respiratory diseases (PMR = 119).
Conclusions Results are consistent with those found in previous studies, and suggest the need for intervention activities directed at the prevention of these cancers, and other respiratory diseases. Published 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
RP Alterman, T (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS-R18,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM Talterman@cdc.gov
OI Alterman, Toni/0000-0003-1512-4367
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0271-3586
J9 AM J IND MED
JI Am. J. Ind. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 47
IS 1
BP 10
EP 19
DI 10.1002/ajim.20115
PG 10
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 884SI
UT WOS:000226106000003
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, JC
Van Steenberg, C
AF Hansen, JC
Van Steenberg, C
TI Keeping PACE with older adults
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Natl Nursing Home Survey, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0002-936X
J9 AM J NURS
JI Am. J. Nurs.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 105
IS 1
BP 92
EP 92
PG 1
WC Nursing
SC Nursing
GA 886WA
UT WOS:000226262400046
PM 15660010
ER
PT J
AU Kim, C
Ferrara, A
McEwen, LN
Marrero, DG
Gerzoff, RB
Herman, WH
AF Kim, C
Ferrara, A
McEwen, LN
Marrero, DG
Gerzoff, RB
Herman, WH
CA TRIAD Study Grp
TI Preconception care in managed care: The translating research into action
for diabetes study
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE prepregnancy counseling; diabetes
ID PREGNANCY; IMPROVEMENT; SERVICES; ADULTS
AB Objectives: This study was undertaken to examine the rates of preconception counseling in managed care for women with diabetes and associated patient and physician characteristics.
Study design: Participants included women aged 18 to 45 years enrolled in a study of diabetes care in managed care. Women were asked if they recalled discussions regarding glucose control before conception (n = 236) and use of family planning until Glucose control was achieved (n = 227). Hierarchical logistic regression models accounted for patient and physician characteristics.
Results: Fifty-two percent of women recalled being counseled about glucose control and 31% recalled family planning advice. In adjusted models, patient age (years) (odds ratio [OR] 0.91 95% CI 0.86-0.96) and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m(2)) (OR 0.96. 95% CI 0.93-0.99) remained significant predictors of glucose control counseling. Similarly, patient age (years) (OR 0.94. 95% CI 0.89-0.99) and BMI (kg/m(2)) (0.96,95% Cl 0.93-0.99) remained significant predictors of family planning counseling,
Conclusions: Preconception counseling rates for diabetic women are low and associated with younger age and lower BMI. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Kim, C (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
OI Ferrara, Assiamira/0000-0002-7505-4826
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U48 CCU516410-02]
NR 22
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 2
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0002-9378
J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 192
IS 1
BP 227
EP 232
DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.06.105
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 893ZU
UT WOS:000226760400036
PM 15672029
ER
PT J
AU Little, J
Sharp, L
Khoury, MJ
Bradley, L
Gwinn, M
AF Little, J
Sharp, L
Khoury, MJ
Bradley, L
Gwinn, M
TI The epidemiologic approach to pharmacogenomics
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGENOMICS
LA English
DT Review
ID GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; HORMONE
REPLACEMENT THERAPY; S-TRANSFERASE M1; ANTIDEPRESSANT MEDICATION USE;
DISEASE-SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; SAMPLE-SIZE
CALCULATIONS; CASE-CONTROL ASSOCIATION; HUMAN-GENOME-PROJECT
AB The epidemiologic approach enables the systematic evaluation of potential improvements in the safety and efficacy of drug treatment which might result from targeting treatment on the basis of genomic information. The main epidemiologic designs are the randomized control trial, the cohort study, and the case-control Study, and derivatives of these proposed for investigating gene-environment interactions. However, no one design is ideal for every situation, and methodological issues, notably selection bias, information bias, confounding and chance, all play a part in determining which study design is best for a given situation. There is also a need to employ a range of different designs to establish a portfolio of evidence about specific gene-drug interactions.
In view of the complexity of gene-drug interactions, pooling of data across studies is likely to be needed in order to have adequate statistical power to test hypotheses. We suggest that there may be opportunities (i) to exploit samples from trials already completed to investigate possible gene-drug interactions; (ii) to consider the use of the case-only design nested within randomized controlled trials as a possible means of reducing genotyping costs when dichotomous outcomes are being investigated; and (iii) to make use of population-based disease registries that can be linked with tissue samples, treatment information and death records, to investigate gene-treatment interactions in survival.
C1 Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
Natl Canc Registry Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Genom & Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Little, J (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
EM jlittle@uottawa.ca
NR 189
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD
PI AUCKLAND
PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 1311, NEW
ZEALAND
SN 1175-2203
J9 AM J PHARMACOGENOMIC
JI Am. J. Pharmacogenomics
PY 2005
VL 5
IS 1
BP 1
EP 20
DI 10.2165/00129785-200505010-00001
PG 20
WC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 961XM
UT WOS:000231695100001
PM 15727485
ER
PT J
AU Norris, SL
Zhang, XP
Avenell, A
Gregg, E
Bowman, B
Schmid, CH
Lau, P
AF Norris, SL
Zhang, XP
Avenell, A
Gregg, E
Bowman, B
Schmid, CH
Lau, P
TI Long-term effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in adults with
pre-diabetes - A review
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS;
LIFE-STYLE-INTERVENTION; BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; DA QING IGT; PREVENTION
PROGRAM; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT;
INSULIN-RESISTANCE
AB Objective: To assess the effectiveness of weight-loss and weight-control interventions for adults with pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance), an important risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Computerized searches were conducted of multiple electronic bibliographic databases tip to August 2003. Randomized controlled trials in any language were selected that examined weight-loss or weight-control strategies rising at least one dietary, physical activity, or behavioral intervention, and with a follow-up interval of aparts per thousandY12 months. Effects were combined using a random effects model.
Results: Studies were identified, with a total of 5168 participants. Follow-up ranged front 1 to 10 years. Quantitative synthesis was limited by the heterogeneity of populations, settings, and interventions, and by the small number of studies that examined outcomes other than weight. Overall, compared to usual care, font Studies with a follow-up of 1 year reduced weight by 2.8 kg (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-4.7) (3.3% of baseline body weight) and decreased body mass index by 1.4 kg/m(2) (CI=0.5-2.3). Weight loss at 2 bears was 2.7 kg (CI=1.9-3.4) (two studies). Modest improvements were noted in the few studies that examined glycemic control, blood pressure, and lipid concentrations (p>0.05). The incidence of diabetes was significantly lower in the intervention groups versus the controls in three of five studies examining this outcome at 3 to 6 years follow-up.
Conclusions: Overall, weight-loss strategies rising dietary, physical activity, or behavioral interventions produced significant improvements in weight among persons with pre-diabetes, and a significant decrease in diabetes incidence. Further work is needed on the long-term effects of these interventions on morbidity and mortality and on how to implement these interventions in the community setting. (C) 2005 American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Aberdeen, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Tufts New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA.
RP Norris, SL (reprint author), Ctr Outcomes & Effectiveness, Agcy Hlth Care Res & Qual, 540 Gaither Rd,Room 6325, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
OI Schmid, Christopher/0000-0002-0855-5313
NR 58
TC 79
Z9 82
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 1
BP 126
EP 139
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.08.006
PG 14
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 884ZQ
UT WOS:000226125600021
PM 15626569
ER
PT J
AU Greenwood, GL
Paul, JP
Pollack, LM
Binson, D
Catania, JA
Chang, J
Humfleet, G
Stall, R
AF Greenwood, GL
Paul, JP
Pollack, LM
Binson, D
Catania, JA
Chang, J
Humfleet, G
Stall, R
TI Tobacco use and cessation among a household-based sample of US urban men
who have sex with men
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SMOKING-CESSATION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; MAJOR DEPRESSION; QUIT SMOKING;
ALCOHOL-USE; DRUG-USE; GAY MEN; PROGRESSION; RELAPSE; PREVALENCE
AB Objectives. We examined tobacco use and cessation among a probability sample of urban men who have sex with men (MSM) living in 4 large US cities.
Methods. Of the 2402 men who were eligible for follow-up from a previously recruited probability sample, 1780 (74%) completed tobacco surveys between January and December 1999.
Results. Current smoking rates were higher for urban MSM (31.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 28.6%, 34.3%) than for men in the general population (24.7%; 95% CI = 21.2%, 28.2%). Among MSM, 27% were former smokers. A complex set of sociodemographic, tobacco-related, and other factors were associated with cessation.
Conclusions. Results support earlier reports that smoking rates are higher for MSM compared with men in the general population. Findings related to cessation underscore the need to target tobacco control efforts for MSM.
C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Greenwood, GL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, 74 New Montgomery St,Suite 600, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
EM ggreenwood@psg.ucsf.edu
FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH 54320, R01 MH054320]
NR 40
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0090-0036
J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH
JI Am. J. Public Health
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 1
BP 145
EP 151
DI 10.2105/AJPH.2003.021451
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 884SW
UT WOS:000226107500028
PM 15623875
ER
PT J
AU Denning, PH
Campsmith, ML
AF Denning, PH
Campsmith, ML
TI Unprotected anal intercourse among HIV-positive men who have a steady
male sex partner with negative or unknown HIV serostatus
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-RISK SEX; YOUNG GAY MEN; SUBSTANCE USE; BISEXUAL MEN; SEROPOSITIVE
GAY; SAFER SEX; COMBINATION THERAPIES; SELF-DISCLOSURE; HOMOSEXUAL MEN;
SAN-FRANCISCO
AB Objectives. We sought to determine the prevalence and predictors of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among HIV-positive men who have a single steady male partner with negative or unknown HIV serostatus.
Methods. We analyzed behavioral surveillance data from HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) interviewed in 12 states between 1995 and 2000.
Results. Of 970 HIV-positive MSM who had a single steady male sex partner with negative or unknown serostatus, 278 (29%) reported UAI during the previous year. In a subset of 674 men who were aware of their infection, 144 (21%) had UAI. Among the men who were aware of their infectors, factors found to be predictive of UAI in multivariate modeling were hetero, self-identification, crack cocaine use, no education beyond high school, and partner with unknown serostatus.
Conclusions. Even after learning of their infection, one fifth of HIV-positive MSM who had a single steady male partner with negative or unknown serostatus engaged in UAI, underscoring the need to expand HIV prevention interventions among these men.
C1 CDCP, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Denning, PH (reprint author), CDCP, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM pdenning@cdc.gov
NR 55
TC 31
Z9 34
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0090-0036
J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH
JI Am. J. Public Health
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 95
IS 1
BP 152
EP 158
DI 10.2105/AJPH.2003.017814
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 884SW
UT WOS:000226107500029
PM 15623876
ER
PT J
AU Hopkins, DR
Richards, FO
Katabarwa, M
AF Hopkins, DR
Richards, FO
Katabarwa, M
TI Whither onchocerciasis control in Africa?
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Carter Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Hopkins, DR (reprint author), Carter Ctr, 453 Freedom Pkwy, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA.
EM sdsulli@emory.edu
NR 14
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 1
BP 1
EP 2
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 900OM
UT WOS:000227224200001
PM 15728857
ER
PT J
AU Garcia, HH
Del Brutto, OH
Nash, TE
White, AC
Tsang, VCW
Gilman, RH
AF Garcia, HH
Del Brutto, OH
Nash, TE
White, AC
Tsang, VCW
Gilman, RH
TI New concepts in the diagnosis and management of neurocysticercosis
(Taenia solium)
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID CEREBRAL CYSTICERCOSIS; FOLLOW-UP; SUBARACHNOID CYSTICERCI; ALBENDAZOLE
THERAPY; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; ANTIGEN-DETECTION; SEIZURES;
HYDROCEPHALUS; LESIONS; ASSAY
AB Human neurocysticercosis, the infection of the nervous system by the larvae of Taenia solium, is a major cause of epileptic seizures and other neurologic morbidity worldwide. The diagnosis and treatment of neurocysticercosis have been considerably improved in recent years. This improvement includes identification and sequencing of specific antigens and development of new assays for laboratory diagnosis, recognition of the frequency and significance of edema around old, calcified cysts (associated to symptomatic episodes), results of a randomized blinded control treatment trial on treatment efficacy for intraparenchyrnal disease showing a clinical benefit of decreased seizures, and a much better assessment of the frequency and spectrum of cerebrovascular complications. These advances now permit a much better integration of clinical, serologic, and imaging data for diagnosis and therapeutic purposes.
C1 Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru.
Inst Nacl Ciencias Neurol, Cysticercosis Unit, Lima, Peru.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA.
Hosp Clin Kennedy, Dept Neurol Sci, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, Gastrointestinal Parasites Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Houston, TX USA.
Ben Taub Gen Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Immunol Branch, Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Garcia, HH (reprint author), Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru.
EM hgarcia@jshph.edu
OI White, A Clinton/0000-0002-9668-4632
NR 54
TC 87
Z9 91
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 1
BP 3
EP 9
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 900OM
UT WOS:000227224200002
PM 15728858
ER
PT J
AU Carroll, DS
Mills, JN
Montgomery, JM
Bausch, DG
Blair, IJ
Burans, JP
Felices, V
Gianella, A
Iihoshi, N
Nichol, ST
Olson, JG
Rogers, DS
Salazar, M
Ksiazek, TG
AF Carroll, DS
Mills, JN
Montgomery, JM
Bausch, DG
Blair, IJ
Burans, JP
Felices, V
Gianella, A
Iihoshi, N
Nichol, ST
Olson, JG
Rogers, DS
Salazar, M
Ksiazek, TG
TI Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in central Bolivia: Relationships between
reservoir hosts, habitats, and viral genotypes
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID CYTOCHROME-B GENE; VIRUS; ARGENTINA; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY;
EVOLUTION; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; DISEASE; RODENTS
AB In August 2002, two cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) were confirmed in Mineros and Concepcion, within the Santa Cruz Department of Bolivia. Extensive alteration of the native ecosystem, from dense forest to pasture or sugarcane, had occurred in both regions. An ecologic assessment of reservoir species associated with the human disease identified a single hantavirus antibody-positive Oligoryzonzys microtis from Mineros and three hantavirus antibody-positive Calomys callosits from Concepcion. In Mineros, the virus from the O. microtis was 90% similar to sequences published for Rio Mamore virus. Viral nucleotide sequences from two C. callosits were 87-88% similar to the sequence of Laguna Negra virus. The viral sequence from the C. callosus was 99% identical to viral sequences obtained from the HPS patient in this area, implicating C. callosits as the host and Laguna Negra virus as the agent responsible for the HPS case near Concepcion.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA.
USN, Med Res Ctr, Lima, Peru.
Natl Ctr Trop Dis, Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
Brigham Young Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Provo, UT USA.
Brigham Young Univ, ML Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT USA.
RP Carroll, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
EM dcarroll@ede.gov
NR 32
TC 40
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 1
BP 42
EP 46
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 900OM
UT WOS:000227224200010
PM 15728866
ER
PT J
AU Desai, MR
Terlouw, DJ
Kwena, AM
Phillips-Howard, PA
Kariuki, SK
Wannemuehler, KA
Odhacha, A
Hawley, WA
Shi, YP
Nahlen, BL
Ter Kuile, FO
AF Desai, MR
Terlouw, DJ
Kwena, AM
Phillips-Howard, PA
Kariuki, SK
Wannemuehler, KA
Odhacha, A
Hawley, WA
Shi, YP
Nahlen, BL
Ter Kuile, FO
TI Factors associated with hemoglobin concentrations in pre-school children
in western Kenya: Cross-sectional studies
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID TREATED BED NETS; DAILY IRON SUPPLEMENTATION; BAY-COHORT-PROJECT;
PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM PARASITEMIA; PERENNIAL MALARIA TRANSMISSION;
LONGITUDINAL COHORT; CHILDHOOD ANEMIA; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
RISK-FACTORS
AB In sub-Saharan Africa, the etiology of anemia in early childhood is complex and muftifactorial. Three community-based cross-sectional surveys were used to determine the prevalence and severity of anemia. Regression methods were used to compare mean hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations across covariate levels to identify children at risk of low Hb levels in an area with intense malaria transmission. In a random sample of 2,774 children < 36 months old, the prevalence of anemia (Hb < 1Ig/dL) was 76.1% and 71%, respectively, in villages without and with insecticidetreated bed nets (ITNs); severe-moderate anemia (Hb < 7 g/dL) was observed in 11% (non-ITN) and 8.3% (ITN). The prevalence of anemia, high-density malaria parasiternia (21.7%), microcytosis (34.9%), underweight (21.9%), and diarrhea (54.8%) increased rapidly from age three months onwards and remained high until 35 months of age. Multivariate analyses showed that family size, history of fever, pate body, general body weakness, diarrhea, soil-eating, concurrent fever, stunting, and malaria parasiternia were associated with mean Hb levels. Prevention of severe anemia should start early in infancy and include a combination of micronutrient supplementation, malaria control, and possibly interventions against diarrheal illness.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu 1578, Kenya.
Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis Trop Med & AIDS, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Moi Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem Med, Eldoret, Kenya.
Kenyan Minist Hlth, Off Prevent Hlth, Kisumu, Kenya.
WHO, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
RP Desai, MR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM mdesai@cdc.gov
NR 68
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 1
BP 47
EP 59
PG 13
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 900OM
UT WOS:000227224200011
PM 15728867
ER
PT J
AU Langevin, SA
Brault, AC
Panella, NA
Bowen, RA
Komar, N
AF Langevin, SA
Brault, AC
Panella, NA
Bowen, RA
Komar, N
TI Variation in virulence of West Nile virus strains for house sparrows
(Passer domesticus)
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; EARLY WARNING SYSTEM; NEW-YORK-CITY;
MIDDLE-EAST; INFECTION; BIRDS; SURVEILLANCE; OUTBREAK; DEATHS; EUROPE
AB The observation of avian mortality associated with West Nile virus (WNV) infection has become a hallmark epiderniologic feature in the recent emergence of this pathogen in Israel and North America. To determine if phenotypic differences exist among different WNV isolates, we exposed house sparrows (Passer doniesticits) to low passage, lineage 1 WNV strains from North America (NY99), Kenya (KEN), and Australia (KUN; also known as Kunjin virus). House sparrows inoculated with the NY99 and KEN strains experienced similar mortality rates and viremia profiles. The KUN strain elicited significantly lower-titered viremia when compared with the other strains and induced no mortality. This study suggests that natural mortality in house sparrows due to Old World strains of WNV may be occurring where the KEN strain occurs.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Komar, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, POB 2087, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
EM salangevin@ucdavis.edu; acbrault@ucdavis.edu; nap4@cdc.gov;
rbowen@colostate.edu; nck6@cdc.gov
NR 22
TC 51
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 72
IS 1
BP 99
EP 102
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 900OM
UT WOS:000227224200018
PM 15728874
ER
PT J
AU Tucker, SP
Pretty, JR
AF Tucker, SP
Pretty, JR
TI Identification of oxidation products of solanesol produced during air
sampling for tobacco smoke by electrospray mass spectrometry and HPLC
SO ANALYST
LA English
DT Article
ID SUSPENDED PARTICLE EXPOSURES; INDOOR AIR; INTERNATIONAL CIGARETTES;
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; NONSMOKERS; OZONE; ETS; VENTILATION; ENVIRONMENTS;
CONSTITUENTS
AB Solanesol, a 45-carbon, trisesquiterpenoid alcohol found in tobacco leaves and tobacco smoke, has been used as a quantitative marker for tobacco smoke for years. However, solanesol appears to be unreliable as a quantitative marker for tobacco smoke during environmental air sampling because it can be degraded substantially when present as a component of tobacco smoke and by as much as 100% when present as pure solanesol on fortified filters during air sampling. Since there is strong evidence that ozone is the agent responsible for the degradation, solanesol appears to be unreliable as a quantitative marker during indoor air sampling when indoor levels of ozone are greater than about 15 ppb. The degree of loss of pure solanesol is directly proportional to the concentration of ozone and the length of the sampling period and depends on the type of 37 mm membrane filter used for air sampling ( PTFE or quartz fiber). While the degree of loss of solanesol is inversely proportional to the relative humidity of the air at a sampling rate of 1.7 L min(-1), the degree of loss is virtually independent of relative humidity at a lower sampling rate; i.e., 0.25 L min(-1). A curve of loss of solanesol on a filter versus concentration of ozone from an ozone generator is virtually identical to a curve segment based on atmospheric ozone under the same conditions of air sampling. Oxidation of solanesol by ozone to approximately 25 to 60% completion produces at least three series of products for a total of at least 26 compounds: ( 1) isoprenoid acetones, ( 2) omega-hydroxyisoprenoid acetaldehydes, and ( 3) isoprenoid oxoaldehydes. All products in each series were tentatively identified as their derivatives with 2-(p-aminophenyl) ethanol (APE) by electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS). Ten ozonation products were detected as their 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatives by HPLC at 360 nm: 4-oxopentanal and nine isoprenoid acetones ( acetone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, geranylacetone, farnesylacetone, tetraprenylacetone, geranylfarnesylacetone, farnesylfarnesylacetone, farnesylgeranylgeranylacetone and bombiprenone.
C1 NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
RP Tucker, SP (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM spt1@cdc.gov
NR 46
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 8
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0003-2654
J9 ANALYST
JI Analyst
PY 2005
VL 130
IS 10
BP 1414
EP 1424
DI 10.1039/b505328e
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 965VQ
UT WOS:000231978900016
PM 16172668
ER
PT J
AU Needham, LL
Patterson, DG
Barr, DB
Grainger, J
Calafat, AM
AF Needham, LL
Patterson, DG
Barr, DB
Grainger, J
Calafat, AM
TI Uses of speciation techniques in biomonitoring for assessing human
exposure to organic environmental chemicals
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE speciation; specificity; biomonitoring; chromatography; organic
environmental chemicals
ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN-SERUM; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BUTYL ETHER; HUMAN
BLOOD; PESTICIDES; PHTHALATE
AB Speciation analysis has been used for many years to identify and measure different forms of a given chemical in environmental and human samples. Although the term "speciation" is generally applied to the measurement of inorganic chemicals, the term can also be applied to many measurements of organic chemicals in complex samples, such as environmental media and biological matrices. We present several examples of achieving speciation analysis by selecting the appropriate biological matrix in which to measure a specific chemical(s), by a given analytical method, for the most accurate assessment of human exposure to the environmental chemical. Much of this information and many of these techniques are transferable to the measurement of inorganic elements in environmental and biological samples.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Needham, LL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM lneedham@cdc.gov
RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr,
Dana/E-2276-2013
NR 14
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 381
IS 2
BP 397
EP 404
DI 10.1007/s00216-004-2975-5
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 895UF
UT WOS:000226888500014
PM 15616776
ER
PT J
AU Ein, D
Gruchalla, R
Baker, JR
Bellanti, JA
Engler, RAM
Jones, JF
Martin, BL
Routes, JM
AF Ein, D
Gruchalla, R
Baker, JR
Bellanti, JA
Engler, RAM
Jones, JF
Martin, BL
Routes, JM
TI Pre-event smallpox vaccination and postevent exposure and disease: a
report of the Joint Task Force on Smallpox Vaccination for Allergists
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLICY; RISK
C1 George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC USA.
Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75230 USA.
Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Denver, CO USA.
RP Ein, D (reprint author), Amer Coll Allergy Asthma & Immunol, 85 W Algonquin Rd,Suite 550, Arlington Hts, IL 60005 USA.
EM maryloucallaghan@acaai.org
OI Bellanti, Joseph/0000-0002-5038-7202
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY
PI ARLINGTON HTS
PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 94
IS 1
BP 4
EP 7
PG 4
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 894EN
UT WOS:000226773500003
PM 15702806
ER
PT J
AU Hall, HI
Lee, LM
Li, JM
Song, RG
McKenna, MT
AF Hall, HI
Lee, LM
Li, JM
Song, RG
McKenna, MT
TI Describing the HIV/AIDS epidemic: Using HIV case data in addition to
AIDS case reporting
SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE HIV; AIDS; surveillance
ID UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; SURVEILLANCE; COMPLETENESS; INFECTION
AB PURPOSE: We examined the demographic and risk characteristics of persons with HIV using traditional AIDS case reporting and the more recent system that includes HIV diagnoses without AIDS.
METHODS: Using data from 25 states with HIV reporting of HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed from 1994 through 2001, we calculated percentage distributions, annual diagnosis rates, and estimated annual percent change (EAPC) for persons with HIV (all HIV diagnoses with or without AIDS) and persons with AIDS.
RESULTS: The age at diagnosis of persons with all stages of HIV tended to be Younger than that of the subset of persons with AIDS. Annual diagnosis rates decreased more among AIDS cases (men: EAPC, 9.76; 95% CI, - 12.00, - 7.45; women: EAPC, - 3.40; 95% Cl - 5.72, - 1.02) than for persons with HIV (men: EAPC, - 6.14; 95% Cl, - 7.66, - 4.60; women: EAPC, - 2.99; 95% Cl, - 4.15, - 1.82), except among women and black non-Hispanics, for whom the difference in the decreases in rates for both disease groups were small. Injection drug use was a more common mode of exposure for women with AIDS than for women with HIV.
CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiology of HIV differs for certain key population groups from that of AIDS.
(C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 CDCP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Hall, HI (reprint author), CDCP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Mail Stop E-47,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM ihall1@cdc.gov
NR 32
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1047-2797
J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL
JI Ann. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 1
BP 5
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.008
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 880OC
UT WOS:000225798100002
PM 15571988
ER
PT J
AU Patnick, J
Ransohoff, D
Atkin, W
Borras, JM
Elwood, M
Hoff, G
Nadel, M
Russo, A
Simon, J
Weiderpass-Vaino, E
Zappa, M
Smith, R
AF Patnick, J
Ransohoff, D
Atkin, W
Borras, JM
Elwood, M
Hoff, G
Nadel, M
Russo, A
Simon, J
Weiderpass-Vaino, E
Zappa, M
Smith, R
TI Workgroup III: facilitating screening for colorectal cancer: quality
assurance evaluation. UICC International Workshop on Facilitating
Screening for Colorectal Cancer, Oslo, Norway (29 and 30 June 2002)
SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT UICC International Workshop on Facilitating Screening for Colorectal
Cancer
CY JUN 29-SEP 30, 2002
CL Oslo, NORWAY
SP Int Union Against Canc, Amer Canc Soc, Norwegian Canc Soc
ID RISK
C1 Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Manor House, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
Canc Res UK, London, England.
Inst Catala Oncol, Barcelona, Spain.
Natl Canc Control Initiat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Inst Populat Based Canc Res, Oslo, Norway.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Local Hlth Author Milan, Milan, Italy.
Queens Univ, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Int Agcy Res Canc, F-69372 Lyon, France.
Ctr Study & Prevent Canc, Florence, Italy.
RP Smith, R (reprint author), Amer Canc Soc, 1599 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
EM Robert.Smith@cancer.org
RI Weiderpass, Elisabete/M-4029-2016
OI Weiderpass, Elisabete/0000-0003-2237-0128
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0923-7534
J9 ANN ONCOL
JI Ann. Oncol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 16
IS 1
BP 34
EP 37
DI 10.1093/annonc/mdi032
PG 4
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 885JR
UT WOS:000226153400009
PM 15598934
ER
PT S
AU Gage, KL
Kosoy, MY
AF Gage, KL
Kosoy, MY
TI Natural history of plague: Perspectives from more than a century of
research
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY
SE Annual Review of Entomology
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE flea; Siphonaptera; Yersinia pestis; rodent; zoonosis
ID YERSINIA-PESTIS; UNITED-STATES; XENOPSYLLA-CHEOPIS; BUBONIC PLAGUE;
NEW-MEXICO; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; FLEA VECTOR;
DYNAMICS; TRANSMISSION
AB For more than a century, scientists have investigated the natural history of plague, a highly fatal disease caused by infection with the gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis. Among their most important discoveries were the zoonotic nature of the disease and that plague exists in natural cycles involving transmission between rodent hosts and flea vectors. Other significant findings include those on the evolution of Y. pestis; geographic variation among plague strains: the dynamics and maintenance of transmission cycles; mechanisms by which fleas transmit Y. pestis; resistance and susceptibility among plague hosts; the structure and typology of natural foci: and how landscape features influence the focality, maintenance. and spread of the disease. The knowledge gained from these studies is essential for the development of effective prevention and control strategies.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Gage, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM KGage@cdc.gov; MKosoy@cdc.gov
NR 144
TC 310
Z9 332
U1 17
U2 92
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 0066-4170
BN 978-0-8243-0150-7
J9 ANNU REV ENTOMOL
JI Annu. Rev. Entomol.
PY 2005
VL 50
BP 505
EP 528
DI 10.1146/annurev.ento.50.071803.130337
PG 24
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 893GT
UT WOS:000226708000022
PM 15471529
ER
PT S
AU Kew, OM
Sutter, RW
de Gourville, EM
Dowdle, WR
Pallansch, MA
AF Kew, OM
Sutter, RW
de Gourville, EM
Dowdle, WR
Pallansch, MA
TI Vaccine-derived polioviruses and the endgame strategy for global polio
eradication
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY
SE Annual Review of Microbiology
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE poliomyelitis; attenuation of neurovirulence; oral poliovirus vaccine
ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; ACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS; WILD POLIOVIRUS;
TYPE-3 POLIOVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNODEFICIENT PATIENT; ATTENUATION
PHENOTYPE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; GENETIC STABILITY; SABIN VACCINE
AB As the global eradication of wild poliovirus nears, the World Health Organization (WHO) is addressing challenges unprecedented in public health. The live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), used for more than four decades to interrupt poliovirus transmission, and the vaccine of choice for developing countries, is genetically unstable. Reversion of the small number of substitutions conferring the attenuated phenotype frequently occurs during OPV replication in humans and is the underlying cause of the rare cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) in OPV recipients and their close contacts. Whereas VAPP has long been recognized, two other adverse events have been identified more recently: (a) long-term excretion of highly evolved vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) in persons with primary immunodeficiencies, and (b) polio outbreaks associated with circulating VDPVs in areas with low rates of OPV coverage. Developing a posteradication strategy to minimize the risks of VDPV emergence and spread has become an urgent WHO priority.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Task Force Child Survival & Dev, Decatur, GA 30030 USA.
RP Kew, OM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM omk1@cdc.gov; sutterr@who.int; degourvillee@who.int;
wdowdle@taskforce.org; map1@cdc.gov
NR 229
TC 316
Z9 346
U1 11
U2 112
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 0066-4227
BN 978-0-8243-1159-9
J9 ANNU REV MICROBIOL
JI Annu. Rev. Microbiol.
PY 2005
VL 59
BP 587
EP 635
DI 10.1146/annurev.micro.58.030603.123625
PG 49
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 980YT
UT WOS:000233054800024
PM 16153180
ER
PT S
AU Belay, ED
Schonberger, LB
AF Belay, ED
Schonberger, LB
TI The public health impact of prion diseases
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH
SE Annual Review of Public Health
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease;
variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; bovine spongiform encephalopathy;
chronic wasting disease
ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; DURA-MATER GRAFT; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE;
TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES; GROWTH-HORMONE RECIPIENTS;
UNITED-STATES; SCRAPIE PRION; VARIANT CJD; PERSON TRANSMISSION; TONSIL
BIOPSY
AB Several prion disease-related human health risks from an exogenous source can be identified in the United States, including the iatrogenic transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), the possible occurrence of variant CJD (vCJD), and potential zoonotic transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD). Although cross-species transmission of prion diseases seems to be limited by an apparent "species barrier," the occurrence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and its transmission to humans indicate that animal prion diseases can pose a significant public health risk. Recent reports of secondary person-to-person spread of vCJD via blood products and detection of vCJD transmission in a patient heterozygous at codon 129 further illustrate the potential public health impacts of BSE.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Belay, ED (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM EBelay@cdc.gov
RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013
NR 79
TC 61
Z9 63
U1 1
U2 16
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 0163-7525
BN 978-0-8243-2726-2
J9 ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH
JI Annu. Rev. Public Health
PY 2005
VL 26
BP 191
EP 212
DI 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144536
PG 22
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 924LY
UT WOS:000228981500009
PM 15760286
ER
PT S
AU Robertson, BH
Nicholson, JKA
AF Robertson, BH
Nicholson, JKA
TI New microbiology tools for public health and their implications
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH
SE Annual Review of Public Health
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE polymerase chain reaction; flow cytometry; pulsed field gel
electrophoresis; multi-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis;
time-resolved fluorescence; microarrays
ID LINE PROBE ASSAY; TIME-RESOLVED FLUOROIMMUNOASSAY; PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII
PNEUMONIA; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; DEFICIENCY SYNDROME AIDS; SPECIES
IDENTIFICATION; CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS;
DRUG-RESISTANCE; WILD POLIOVIRUS
AB The realm of diagnostic assays for detection of acute infections is rapidly changing from antibody detection to pathogen detection, from clinical laboratory based to point-of-care based, from single analyte detection to multiple analyte detection, and is more focused on detection using less invasive approaches for collecting biological samples. New assays are typically more sensitive than are conventional assays and have the capability of providing more information that characterizes the pathogen or the host response to the pathogen. From a public health perspective, the advent of molecular epidemiology, which allows tracking of pathogens based on unique genetic sequences or antigenic properties, has revolutionized how epidemiologists investigate and evaluate epidemics and assess endemic diseases. In addition, the use of point-of-care (POC) devices can impact the detection and surveillance of infections and will enhance our ability to accurately identify the causes of illnesses.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Robertson, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM bjr1@cdc.gov; jkn1@cdc.gov
NR 61
TC 27
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 26
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 0163-7525
BN 978-0-8243-2726-2
J9 ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH
JI Annu. Rev. Public Health
PY 2005
VL 26
BP 281
EP 302
DI 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144522
PG 22
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 924LY
UT WOS:000228981500013
PM 15760290
ER
PT S
AU Baker, EL
Potter, MA
Jones, DL
Mercer, SL
Cioffi, JP
Green, LW
Halverson, PK
Lichtveld, MY
Fleming, DW
AF Baker, EL
Potter, MA
Jones, DL
Mercer, SL
Cioffi, JP
Green, LW
Halverson, PK
Lichtveld, MY
Fleming, DW
TI The public health infrastructure and our nation's health
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH
SE Annual Review of Public Health
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE organizational capacity; workforce development; information systems;
public health preparedness
ID INFORMATICS; PREVENTION; WORKFORCE; AGENDA
AB Threats to Americans' health - including chronic disease, emerging infectious disease, and bioterrorism - are present and growing, and the public health system is responsible for addressing these challenges. Public health systems in the United States are built on an infrastructure of workforce, information systems, and organizational capacity; in each of these areas, however, serious deficits have been well documented. Here we draw on two 2003 Institute of Medicine reports and present evidence for current threats and the weakness of our public health infrastructure. We describe major initiatives to systematically assess, invest in, rebuild, and evaluate workforce competency, information systems, and organizational capacity through public policy making, practical initiatives, and practice-oriented research. These initiatives are based on applied science and a shared federal-state approach to public accountability. We conclude that a newly strengthened public health infrastructure must be sustained in the future through a balancing of the values inherent in the federal system.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, N Carolina Inst Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Interfaith Hlth Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Publ Hlth Practice Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Global Hlth Strategies, Seattle, WA 98102 USA.
RP Baker, EL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, N Carolina Inst Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM elbaker@email.unc.edu; potterm@edc.pitt.edu; djones9@sph.emory.edu;
zhi5@cdc.gov; vzc1@cdc.gov; lwgreen@comcast.net;
phalverson@healthyarkansas.com; mlichrveld@gsu.edu;
davidf@gatesfoundation.org
NR 73
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 6
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 0163-7525
BN 978-0-8243-2726-2
J9 ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH
JI Annu. Rev. Public Health
PY 2005
VL 26
BP 303
EP 318
DI 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144647
PG 16
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 924LY
UT WOS:000228981500014
PM 15760291
ER
PT J
AU Clark, NC
Weigel, LM
Patel, JB
Tenover, FC
AF Clark, NC
Weigel, LM
Patel, JB
Tenover, FC
TI Comparison of Tn1546-like elements in vancomycin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Michigan and Pennsylvania
SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID GLYCOPEPTIDE RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; ENTEROCOCCI; GENE
AB In 2002, the first two clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) containing vanA were recovered in Michigan and Pennsylvania. Tn1546, a mobile genetic element that encodes high-level vancomycin resistance in enterococci, was present in both isolates. With PCR and DNA sequence analysis, we compared the Tn1546 elements from each isolate to the prototype Tn1546 element. The Michigan VRSA element was identical to the prototype Tn1546 element. The Pennsylvania VRSA element showed three distinct modifications: a deletion of nucleotides 1 to 3098 at the 5' end, which eliminated the orf1 region; an 809-bp IS1216V-Iike element inserted before nucleotide 3099 of Tn1546; and an inverted 1,499-bp IS1251-like element inserted into the vanSH intergenic region. These differences in the Tn1546-like elements indicate that the first two VRSA isolates were the result of independent genetic events.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Clark, NC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-08, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM ncc1@cdc.gov
NR 14
TC 45
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0066-4804
J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH
JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 49
IS 1
BP 470
EP 472
DI 10.1128/AAC.49.1.470-472.2005
PG 3
WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 883SF
UT WOS:000226035300071
PM 15616340
ER
PT J
AU Hayden, F
Klimov, A
Tashiro, M
Hay, A
Monto, A
McKimm-Breschkin, J
Macken, C
Hampson, A
Webster, RG
Amyord, M
Zambon, M
AF Hayden, F
Klimov, A
Tashiro, M
Hay, A
Monto, A
McKimm-Breschkin, J
Macken, C
Hampson, A
Webster, RG
Amyord, M
Zambon, M
TI Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility network position statement:
antiviral resistance in influenza A/H5N1 viruses
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID A H5N1; OSELTAMIVIR PHOSPHATE; DISEASE
AB The emerging epidemic of H5N1 avian influenza virus with spillover into the human population in Asia has provoked intense concern globally about the potential of these particularly pathogenic viruses to evolve with the capacity for human-to-human transmission with a consequent pandemic. The availability of antiviral drugs with activity against influenza A viruses and the recognition of drug-resistant variants to these drugs prompted the following report by a select group of the global experts - members of the Neuraminidase Inhibitor Susceptibility Network - on the best use of the available drugs, both for prophylaxis and treatment. The editors of Antiviral Therapy are pleased to be able to provide this document in an expeditious manner.
C1 Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Strain Surveillance Sect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Natl Inst Infect Dis, Tokyo, Japan.
MRC, Natl Inst Med Res, London, England.
Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
CSIRO, Div Hlth Sci & Nutr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
WHO, Collaborating Ctr Influenza Reference & Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
St Jude Childrens Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.
Univ Lyon 1, F-69365 Lyon, France.
Hlth Protect Acgy, London, England.
RP Hayden, F (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
EM FGH@Virginia.edu
RI McKimm-Breschkin, Jennifer/D-1880-2013
NR 26
TC 47
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 8
BP 873
EP 877
PG 5
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 009SN
UT WOS:000235133100001
PM 16430192
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, DE
McCormick, L
Wheeler, W
Kline, R
AF Bennett, DE
McCormick, L
Wheeler, W
Kline, R
TI Mutation patterns associated with resistance to tenofovir in drug-naive
persons newly diagnosed with HIV
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 CDC, NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
SU 1
BP S27
EP S27
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 972RL
UT WOS:000232470800028
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, DE
McCormick, L
Wheeler, W
Kline, R
AF Bennett, DE
McCormick, L
Wheeler, W
Kline, R
TI Mutation patterns associated with resistance to tenofovir in drug-naive
persons newly diagnosed with HIV
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 CDC, NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 4
MA 025
BP S27
EP S27
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 965PQ
UT WOS:000231963100041
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, DE
Winters, MA
Shafer, RW
Heneine, W
McCormick, L
Johnson, J
Garcia-Lerma, JG
Zaidi, I
Weinstock, H
AF Bennett, DE
Winters, MA
Shafer, RW
Heneine, W
McCormick, L
Johnson, J
Garcia-Lerma, JG
Zaidi, I
Weinstock, H
TI Concordance of HIV drug resistance genotyping results for paired PBMC
and plasma specimens from persons newly diagnosed with HIV
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 CDC, NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
CDC, NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDSTD, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
SU 1
BP S176
EP S176
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 972RL
UT WOS:000232470800164
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, DE
Winters, MA
Shafer, RW
Heneine, W
McCormick, L
Johnson, J
Garcia-Lerma, JG
Zaidi, I
Weinstock, H
AF Bennett, DE
Winters, MA
Shafer, RW
Heneine, W
McCormick, L
Johnson, J
Garcia-Lerma, JG
Zaidi, I
Weinstock, H
TI Concordance of HIV drug resistance genotyping results for paired PBMC
and plasma specimens from persons newly diagnosed with HIV
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA.
Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 4
MA 161
BP S176
EP S176
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 965PQ
UT WOS:000231963100177
ER
PT J
AU Cong, M
Bennett, DE
Heneine, W
Garcia-Lerma, JG
AF Cong, M
Bennett, DE
Heneine, W
Garcia-Lerma, JG
TI Fitness cost of drug resistance mutations is relative and is modulated
by other resistance mutations: implications for persistance of
transmitted resistance
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 CDC, NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
SU 1
BP S169
EP S169
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 972RL
UT WOS:000232470800157
ER
PT J
AU Cong, M
Bennett, DE
Heneine, W
Garcia-Lerma, JG
AF Cong, M
Bennett, DE
Heneine, W
Garcia-Lerma, JG
TI Fitness cost of drug resistance mutations is relative and is modulated
by other resistance mutations: implications for persistance of
transmitted resistance
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDS, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 4
MA 154
BP S169
EP S169
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 965PQ
UT WOS:000231963100170
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Lerma, J
McNulty, A
Jennings, C
Bennett, D
Fitzgibbon, J
Morack, R
Ussery, M
Folks, TM
Kalish, ML
Heneine, W
AF Garcia-Lerma, J
McNulty, A
Jennings, C
Bennett, D
Fitzgibbon, J
Morack, R
Ussery, M
Folks, TM
Kalish, ML
Heneine, W
TI Evaluation of dried blood spots for HIV-1 drug resistance testing
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, NCHSTP, Atlanta, GA USA.
Rush Med Coll, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
NIAID, Div AIDS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 4
MA 044
BP S49
EP S49
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 965PQ
UT WOS:000231963100060
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Lerma, JG
McNulty, A
Jennings, C
Bennett, D
Fitzgibbon, J
Morack, R
Ussery, M
Folks, TM
Kalish, ML
Heneine, W
AF Garcia-Lerma, JG
McNulty, A
Jennings, C
Bennett, D
Fitzgibbon, J
Morack, R
Ussery, M
Folks, TM
Kalish, ML
Heneine, W
TI Evaluation of dried blood spots for HIV-1 drug resistance testing
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 CDC, NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Rush Med Coll, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
NIAID, Div Aids, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
SU 1
BP S49
EP S49
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 972RL
UT WOS:000232470800047
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JA
Li, JF
Morris, L
Martinson, N
Gray, G
McIntyre, J
Heneine, W
AF Johnson, JA
Li, JF
Morris, L
Martinson, N
Gray, G
McIntyre, J
Heneine, W
TI Resistance mutations arise in the majority of women provided single-dose
NVP and appear to differ in emergence and persistence
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & Tuberculosis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Univ Witwatersrand, Preinatal HIV Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
SU 1
BP S13
EP S13
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 972RL
UT WOS:000232470800014
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JA
Li, JF
Morris, L
Martinson, N
Gray, G
McIntyre, J
Heneine, A
AF Johnson, JA
Li, JF
Morris, L
Martinson, N
Gray, G
McIntyre, J
Heneine, A
TI Resistance mutations arise in the majority of women provided single-dose
NVP and appear to differ in emergence and persistence
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
Univ Witwatersrand, Perinatal HIV Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 4
MA 011
BP S13
EP S13
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 965PQ
UT WOS:000231963100027
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JA
Li, JF
Brant, A
Bennett, D
Cong, M
Spira, T
Sandstrom, P
Heneine, W
AF Johnson, JA
Li, JF
Brant, A
Bennett, D
Cong, M
Spira, T
Sandstrom, P
Heneine, W
TI Multi-drug resistant HIV-1 are transmitted more frequently than current
estimates
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
SU 1
BP S124
EP S124
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 972RL
UT WOS:000232470800114
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JA
Li, JF
Brant, A
Bennett, D
Cong, M
Spira, T
Sandstrom, P
Heneine, W
AF Johnson, JA
Li, JF
Brant, A
Bennett, D
Cong, M
Spira, T
Sandstrom, P
Heneine, W
TI Multi-drug resistant HIV-1 are transmitted more frequently than current
estimates
SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 14th International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop
CY JUN 07-11, 2005
CL Quebec City, CANADA
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6535
J9 ANTIVIR THER
JI Antivir. Ther.
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 4
MA 111
BP S124
EP S124
PG 1
WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology
GA 965PQ
UT WOS:000231963100127
ER
PT J
AU Rose, LJ
Rice, EW
Jensen, B
Murga, R
Peterson, A
Donlan, RM
Arduino, MJ
AF Rose, LJ
Rice, EW
Jensen, B
Murga, R
Peterson, A
Donlan, RM
Arduino, MJ
TI Chlorine inactivation of bacterial bioterrorism agents
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISINFECTION; WATER
AB Seven species of bacterial select agents were tested for susceptibility to free available chlorine (FAC). Under test conditions, the FAC routinely maintained in potable water would be sufficient to reduce six species by 2 orders of magnitude within 10 min. Water contaminated with spores of Bacillus anthracis spores would require further treatment.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Rose, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,C16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM lrose@cdc.gov
NR 13
TC 50
Z9 52
U1 3
U2 13
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 1
BP 566
EP 568
DI 10.1128/AEM.71.1.566-568.2005
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 889QZ
UT WOS:000226458800074
PM 15640238
ER
PT J
AU Ashley, DL
Blount, BC
Singer, PC
Depaz, E
Wilkes, C
Gordon, S
Lyu, C
Masters, J
AF Ashley, David L.
Blount, Benjamin C.
Singer, Philip C.
Depaz, Erika
Wilkes, Charles
Gordon, Sydney
Lyu, Christopher
Masters, John
TI Changes in blood trihalomethane concentrations resulting from
differences in water quality and water use activities
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE bathing; birth defects; blood; household water; showering;
trihalomethanes (THMs)
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; CHROMATOGRAPHY
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DRINKING-WATER; TAP WATER; BIRTH-DEFECTS;
SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; BREATH MEASUREMENTS; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATION
AB Water disinfection is extremely important for the protection of public health; however, it also forms by-products, including trihatomethanes (THMs). Previous studies of health effects from disinfection by-products have lacked accurate methods to quantify exposure over time. As a first step in establishing a better system for exposure assessment, the authors investigated which household water use activities cause a significant increase in internal dose concentrations of THMs. In this study, 7 subjects in 2 different cities carried out 12 common activities that involved water use. In 3 of these activities-bathing, showering, and washing dishes by hand-the blood concentrations of THMs increased substantially. Further analysis of the data suggested that tap water concentrations primarily controlled the blood concentrations from bathing exposure, whereas tap water concentrations and ambient air concentrations resulting from water use affected the blood concentrations from showering exposure. Further studies will focus on variables in these activities that can alter exposure.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
Wilkes Technol Inc, Bethesda, MD USA.
Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
Battele, Durham, NC USA.
RP Ashley, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Mailstop F-47,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM dla1@cdc.gov
NR 33
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 9
PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA
SN 0003-9896
J9 ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH
JI Arch. Environ. Health
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 60
IS 1
BP 7
EP 15
DI 10.3200/AEOH.60.1.7-15
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 060KG
UT WOS:000238800500002
PM 16961003
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, R
Johnson, M
Dunn, KH
Naeher, LP
AF Edwards, Rufus
Johnson, Michael
Dunn, Kevin H.
Naeher, Luke P.
TI Application of real-time particle sensors to help mitigate exposures of
wildland firefighters
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon monoxide; occupational health monitoring; particle mass; personal
exposure; respiratory protection
ID PULMONARY-FUNCTION; SMOKE EXPOSURE; LUNG-FUNCTION
AB High particulate exposures have been demonstrated to decrease lung function among firefighters. In this article, the authors demonstrated the feasibility of using small real-time particle sensors to inform wildland firefighters so they may make informed decisions on the use of personal respiratory protection. Using 1 mg/m(3) as an indicator point for use of appropriately designed respiratory protection, such sensors could help prevent 16% to 74% of particulate exposure during prescribed burns when firefighters assess exposure as low or medium. Adherence to such a guideline for the use of respiratory protection would involve its deployment during 3% to 22% of individual 8-hour shifts. In addition, data-logging sensors would provide a valuable tool for tracking exposure to particulates among wildland firefighters for occupational health monitoring.
C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Environm Hlth Sci & Policy, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Edwards, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Environm Hlth Sci & Policy, 268 Social Ecol 1, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM edwardsr@uci.edu
RI Dunn, Kevin/I-2195-2012
NR 13
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 7
PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA
SN 0003-9896
J9 ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH
JI Arch. Environ. Health
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 60
IS 1
BP 40
EP 43
DI 10.3200/AEOH.60.1.40-43
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 060KG
UT WOS:000238800500006
PM 16961007
ER
PT J
AU Shahangian, S
Stankovic, AK
Lubin, IM
Handsfield, JH
White, MD
AF Shahangian, S
Stankovic, AK
Lubin, IM
Handsfield, JH
White, MD
TI Results of a survey of hospital coagulation laboratories in the United
States, 2001
SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Scientific Session of the American-Society-for-Clinical-Pathology
CY SEP 18-21, 2003
CL NEW ORLEANS, LA
SP Amer Soc Clin Pathol
ID PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME; CANADIAN MEDICAL LABORATORIES; PATHOLOGISTS
CONFERENCE XXXI; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-C; INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO;
CURRENT DIAGNOSTIC PRACTICE; VON-WILLEBRAND-DISEASE; V-LEIDEN MUTATION;
ANTICOAGULANT-THERAPY; ROUTINE COAGULATION
AB Context.-Coagulation and bleeding problems are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, and inappropriate testing practices may lead to bleeding or thrombotic complications.
Objective.-To evaluate practices reported by hospital coagulation laboratories in the United States and to determine if the number of beds in a hospital was associated with different practices.
Design.-From a sampling frame of institutions listed in the 1999 directory of the American Hospital, Association, stratified into hospitals with 200 or more beds ("large hospitals") and those with fewer than 200 beds ("small hospitals"), we randomly selected 425 large hospitals (sampling rate, 25.6%) and 375 small hospitals (sampling rate, 8.8%) and sent a survey to them between June and October 2001. Of these, 321 large hospitals (75.5%) and 311 small hospitals (82.9%) responded.
Results.-An estimated 97.1% of respondents reported performing some coagulation laboratory tests. Of these, 71.6% reported using 3.2% sodium citrate as the specimen anticoagulant to determine prothrombin time (81.3% of large vs 67.7% of small hospitals, P <.001). Of the same respondents, 45.3% reported selecting thromboplastins insensitive to heparin in the therapeutic range when measuring prothrombin time (59.4% of large vs 39.8% of small hospitals, P <.001), and 58.8% reported having a therapeutic range for heparin (72.9% of large vs 53.2% of small hospitals, P <.001). An estimated 96.3% of respondents assayed specimens for activated partial thromboplastin time within 4 hours after phlebotomy, and 89.4% of respondents centrifuged specimens within 1 hour of collection. An estimated 12.1% reported monitoring low-molecular-weight heparin therapy, and to do so, 79% used an assay for activated partial thromboplastin time (58% of large vs 96% of small hospitals, P =.001), whereas 38% used an antifactor Xa assay (65% of large vs 18% of small hospitals, P =.001).
Conclusions.-Substantial variability in certain laboratory practices was evident. Where significant differences existed between the hospital groups, usually large hospitals adhered to accepted practice guidelines to a greater extent. Some reported practices are not consistent with current recommendations, showing a need to understand the reasons for noncompliance so that better adherence to accepted standards of laboratory practice can be promoted.
C1 CDCP, Div Lab Serv, Coordinating Ctr Hlth Informat & Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Shahangian, S (reprint author), CDCP, Div Lab Serv, Coordinating Ctr Hlth Informat & Serv, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mailstop G-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM sshahangian@cdc.gov
NR 55
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 2
PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS
PI NORTHFIELD
PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 USA
SN 0003-9985
J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED
JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 129
IS 1
BP 47
EP 60
PG 14
WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental;
Pathology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine;
Pathology
GA 887FO
UT WOS:000226291200008
PM 15628908
ER
PT J
AU Mahy, BW
Rowlands, DJ
AF Mahy, BW
Rowlands, DJ
TI In memoriam Fred Brown (1925-2004) - Obituary
SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Leeds, Fac Biol Sci, Div Microbiol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
RP Mahy, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI VIENNA
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0304-8608
J9 ARCH VIROL
JI Arch. Virol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 150
IS 1
BP 199
EP 200
DI 10.1007/s00705-004-0442-4
PG 2
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 887QQ
UT WOS:000226321000017
ER
PT J
AU Mills, JN
AF Mills, JN
TI Regulation of Rodent-Borne viruses in the natural host: implications for
human disease
SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; SIN-NOMBRE-VIRUS; SOUTHWESTERN
UNITED-STATES; ARGENTINE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; LAGUNA NEGRA VIRUS;
LONG-TERM; SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO; RESERVOIR POPULATIONS; INFECTION;
ECOLOGY
AB Prevalence and transmission rates of rodent-borne viruses within host populations vary in time and space and among host-virus systems. Improving our understanding of the causes of these variations will lead to a better understanding of changes in disease risk to humans. The regulators of prevalence and transmission can be categorized into five major classes: (1) Environmental regulators such as weather and food supply affect transmission rates through their effect on reproductive success and population densities. (2) Anthropogenic factors, such as disturbance, may lead to ecosystem simplification and decreased diversity. These changes favor opportunistic species, which may serve as reservoirs for zoonotic viruses. (3) Genetic factors influence susceptibility of mice to infection or capacity for chronic shedding and may be related to population cycling. (4) Behavioral factors, such as fighting, increase risk of transmission of some viruses and result in different patterns of infection between male and female mice. Communal nesting may result in overwinter transmission in colder climates. (5) Physiologic factors control host response to infection and length of time the host remains infectious. Risk prediction is difficult because these regulators are numerous and often interact, and the relative importance of each varies according to the host species, season, year, and geographic location.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Mills, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Mailstop G-14,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM jmills@cdc.gov
NR 41
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 18
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI VIENNA
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0304-8608
J9 ARCH VIROL
JI Arch. Virol.
PY 2005
SU 19
BP 45
EP 57
PG 13
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 984RI
UT WOS:000233321600006
PM 16355867
ER
PT J
AU Hughes, JM
AF Hughes, JM
TI Emerging infectious diseases: the public's view of the problem and what
should be expected from the public health community
SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SARS; THREATS; FUTURE
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Hughes, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM jmh2@cdc.gov
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI VIENNA
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0304-8608
J9 ARCH VIROL
JI Arch. Virol.
PY 2005
SU 19
BP 207
EP 213
PG 7
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 984RI
UT WOS:000233321600018
PM 16355875
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, AL
Kraus, VB
Luta, G
Stabler, T
Renner, JB
Woodard, J
Dragomir, AD
Helmick, CG
Hochberg, MC
Jordan, JM
AF Elliott, AL
Kraus, VB
Luta, G
Stabler, T
Renner, JB
Woodard, J
Dragomir, AD
Helmick, CG
Hochberg, MC
Jordan, JM
TI Serum hyaluronan levels and radiographic knee and hip osteoarthritis in
African Americans and Caucasians in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis
Project
SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
LA English
DT Article
ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; CIRCULATING HYALURONATE;
DISSEMINATED NEOPLASM; DISEASE PROGRESSION; KERATAN SULFATE;
PLASMA-LEVELS; CARTILAGE; ACID; MARKERS
AB Objective. Serum hyaluronan (HA) has been proposed as a potential biomarker of osteoarthritis (OA). We examined associations between serum HA and radiographic OA in an ethnically diverse, population-based sample.
Methods. Participants were selected from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, using stratified simple random sampling to achieve balance according to radiographic knee OA status, ethnic group, sex, and age group. Serum HA was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Radiographic OA variables included knee OA, knee OA laterality, knee OA severity, concomitant knee and hip OA, and total number of OA-affected knee and hip joints. Analysis of covariance was used to assess differences in mean serum levels of natural log-transformed HA (In serum HA) between groups, adjusting for ethnicity, sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and self-reported comorbidities.
Results. Levels of In serum HA were positively associated with all definitions of radiographic OA (P < 0.0001). Levels of In serum HA were higher in Caucasians (P = 0.0094) and in men (P = 0.0038) and were moderately correlated with age (r = 0.35, P < 0.0001). The associations with radiographic OA, ethnicity, sex, and age remained statistically significant after adjustment (P < 0.0045). There were no interactions between ethnicity and the other covariates.
Conclusion. These cross-sectional data support a role for serum HA as a biomarker of radiographic OA. The variations in levels of serum HA attributable to ethnicity, sex, and age were not explained by radiographic OA, BMI, or comorbidities. The lack of strong confounding between serum HA and comorbidities further supports a role for serum HA as a potential biomarker.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Jordan, JM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Rheumatol, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, 3330 Thurston Bldg,CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM Joanne_Jordan@med.unc.edu
OI Luta, George/0000-0002-4035-7632; Luta, George/0000-0001-9013-2207
FU NIA NIH HHS [5P60 AG 11268, AG 15108]; NIAMS NIH HHS [5P60 AR 30701, T32
AR 07416]
NR 37
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0004-3591
J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM
JI Arthritis Rheum.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 52
IS 1
BP 105
EP 111
DI 10.1002/art.20724
PG 7
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA 890JO
UT WOS:000226507700014
PM 15641044
ER
PT J
AU Abramson, JL
Hooper, WC
Jones, DP
Ashfaq, S
Rhodes, SD
Weintraub, WS
Harrison, DG
Quyyumi, AA
Vaccarino, V
AF Abramson, JL
Hooper, WC
Jones, DP
Ashfaq, S
Rhodes, SD
Weintraub, WS
Harrison, DG
Quyyumi, AA
Vaccarino, V
TI Association between novel oxidative stress markers and C-reactive
protein among adults without clinical coronary heart disease
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE C-reactive protein; oxidative stress; inflammation
ID NF-KAPPA-B; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HEMODIALYZED PATIENTS;
ANGIOTENSIN-II; OXIDIZED LDL; REDOX STATE; INFLAMMATION; ACTIVATION;
CELLS; EXPRESSION
AB Objective: Increases in the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) have been associated with a higher risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD). The causes of increased CRP, however, are not completely understood. Studies suggest that oxidative stress may have proinflammatory effects, but data on the relationship between oxidative stress and CRP in healthy persons is sparse. Methods and Results: We conducted a cross-sectional study of oxidative stress markers and high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) among 126 adults without CHID. Markers of oxidative stress included the free oxygen radical test (FORT), which reflects levels of organic hydroperoxides. and the redox potential of the reduced glutathione/glutathione disulfide couple, (E-h) GSH/GSSG. In a linear regression model that adjusted for age, sex, body mass: index, and other potential hsCRP determinants, the FORT was positively associated with log-transformed hsCRP and explained 14% of log-transformed hsCRP variance (P < 0.001). In contrast, (Eh) GSH/GSSG showed little association with hsCRP. Conclusions: Among adults free of CHD, oxidative stress, as measured by the FORT, is significantly associated with higher hsCRP levels. independent of BMI and other CRP determinants. This result suggests that oxidative stress may be a determinant of CRP levels and promote pro-atherosclerotic inflammatory processes at the earliest stages of CHD development. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All fights reserved.
C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hematol Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Wichita, KS 67214 USA.
Robert J Dole Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Wichita, KS 67214 USA.
RP Abramson, JL (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Briarcliff Complex, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM jabram3@emory.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR00039]
NR 32
TC 71
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE,
IRELAND
SN 0021-9150
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS
JI Atherosclerosis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 178
IS 1
BP 115
EP 121
DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.08.007
PG 7
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 889GL
UT WOS:000226431400015
PM 15585208
ER
PT J
AU Caldwell, KL
Hartel, J
Jarrett, J
Jones, RL
AF Caldwell, KL
Hartel, J
Jarrett, J
Jones, RL
TI Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to measure multiple toxic
elements in urine in NHANES 1999-2000
SO ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
AB Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has become a reliable and mature method for the measurement of both toxic and essential elements in biological matrices such as urine. We recently measured 12 elements (metals) in urine of 2,465 U.S. residents using a modified version of our previous multi-element inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. The current method measures antimony, barium, beryllium, cadmium, cesium, cobalt, lead, molybdenum, platinum, thallium, tungsten, and uranium in urine. Results have been presented in The Second National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals which can be accessed in its entirety on line at www.cdc.gov/exposurereport. Selected data will be presented in this paper. Examples of data in the report are the geometric mean for lead, with a sample size of 2465, was found to be 0.76 mug/L with a 95(th) percentile of 2.90 mug/L. Cadmium had a geometric mean of 0.33 mug/L, sample size of 2465, and a 95(th) percentile of 1.03 mug/L. Uranium, sample size 2464, had a geometric mean of 0.007 mug/L, with 0.026 mug/L 95(th) percentile. Tin and manganese were removed from the original panel: tin due to contamination in the ultra pure water system and manganese because of interferences in the mass spectrum. Cadmium and uranium were added to the panel. This paper describes the modifications that have been incorporated since the original method was published and presents reference ranges for the 12 elements measured.
C1 CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Inorgan Toxicol & Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Caldwell, KL (reprint author), CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Inorgan Toxicol & Nutr Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F18, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM klc7@cdc.gov
RI Caldwell, Kathleen/B-1595-2009;
OI Jarrett, Jeffery/0000-0001-5755-3552
NR 7
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 3
PU PERKIN-ELMER CORP
PI SHELTON
PA 710 BRIDGEPORT AVENUE, SHELTON, CT 06484 USA
SN 0195-5373
J9 ATOM SPECTROSC
JI Atom. Spectrosc.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 26
IS 1
BP 1
EP 7
PG 7
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA 903TS
UT WOS:000227449100001
ER
PT J
AU Conway, GA
Mode, NA
Berman, MD
Martin, S
Hill, A
AF Conway, GA
Mode, NA
Berman, MD
Martin, S
Hill, A
TI Flight safety in Alaska: Comparing attitudes and practices of high- and
low-risk air carriers
SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; aircraft crash; occupational injury; case-control study
AB Introduction: Aircraft operations are a vital component of the transportation system in Alaska. Between 1990-2002, a total of 481 people died in Alaska in aviation accidents. The purpose of this study was to examine the practices and attitudes of Alaska commuter and air taxi operators and their pilots as they relate to company fatal accident rates. Methods: A case-control analysis based on accident statistics was performed, grouping operators and their pilots into cases and controls, based on operator fatal accident rates, during January 1990 to June 2001. Responses from two aviation safety surveys-one of air carrier operators and one of active commercial pilots-were compared between cases and controls. Results: The average case pilot had less career flight experience than control pilots and worked 13 h (.) d(-1) and 81 h wk(-1); that is, 1 h (.) d(-1) and 10 h (.) wk(-1) more than controls. Case operators were less likely to consider pilot fatigue a problem when scheduling flights (p = 0.05) and more likely to depend financially on timely delivery of bypass mail (p = 0.04). Case pilots were three times as likely as controls to fly daily into unknown weather conditions. Nearly 90% of case pilots reported that they never flew when so fatigued that they wanted to decline the flight, compared with 64% of control pilots (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Pilots of high-risk operators differed from those working for the other operators, both in experience and working conditions. The combination of pilot inexperience and longer work hours and workweeks may contribute to Alaska's high aviation crash rate.
C1 NIOSH, CDC, Alaska Field Stn, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
Univ Alaska, Inst Social & Econ Res, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Conway, GA (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, Alaska Field Stn, 4230 Univ Dr,Ste 310, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM gconway@cdc.gov
RI Mode, Nicolle/A-6804-2011
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 2
PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA
SN 0095-6562
J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD
JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 76
IS 1
BP 52
EP 57
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal; Sport Sciences
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal
Medicine; Sport Sciences
GA 886IC
UT WOS:000226219300008
PM 15672987
ER
PT J
AU Williams, MM
Domingo, JWS
Meckes, MC
AF Williams, MM
Domingo, JWS
Meckes, MC
TI Population diversity in model potable water biofilms receiving chlorine
or chloramine residual
SO BIOFOULING
LA English
DT Article
DE chloramine; monochloramine; non-tuberculous mycobacteria; potable water;
biofilm; chlorine
ID DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM SIMULATOR; FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; DRINKING-WATER;
MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE;
BACTERIA; COLIFORMS; MONOCHLORAMINE; ENUMERATION
AB Most water utilities use chlorine or chloramine to produce potable water. These disinfecting agents react with water to produce residual oxidants within a water distribution system (WDS) to control bacterial growth. While monochloramine is considered more stable than chlorine, little is known about the effect it has on WDS biofilms. Community structure of 10-week old WDS biofilms exposed to disinfectants was assessed after developing model biofilms from unamended distribution water. Four biofilm types were developed on polycarbonate slides within annular reactors while receiving chlorine, chloramine, or inactivated disinfectant residual. Eubacteria were identified through 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The model WDS biofilm exposed to chloramine mainly contained Mycobacterium and Dechloromonas sequences, while a variety of alpha- and additional beta-proteobacteria dominated the 16S rDNA clone libraries in the other three biofilms. Additionally, bacterial clones distantly related to Legionella were found in one of the biofilms receiving water with inactivated chlorine residual. The biofilm reactor receiving chloraminated water required increasing amounts of disinfectant after 2 weeks to maintain chlorine residual. In contrast, free chlorine residual remained steady in the reactor that received chlorinated water. The differences in bacterial populations of potable water biofilms suggest that disinfecting agents can influence biofilm development. These results also suggest that biofilm communities in distribution systems are capable of changing in response to disinfection practices.
C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS-387, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov
NR 39
TC 31
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0892-7014
J9 BIOFOULING
JI Biofouling
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 5-6
BP 279
EP 288
DI 10.1080/08927010500452695
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 019AW
UT WOS:000235809000006
PM 16522541
ER
PT J
AU Cowan, AE
Ching, PLYH
Clark, SJ
Kemper, AR
AF Cowan, AE
Ching, PLYH
Clark, SJ
Kemper, AR
TI Willingness of private physicians to be involved in smallpox
preparedness and response activities
SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS; NATIONAL-SURVEY; VACCINATION; BIOTERRORISM
AB Background. The public health system continues its efforts to prepare for bioterrorist events, such as a smallpox outbreak, but may need to call on other health professionals to ensure sufficient capacity to implement preparedness plans.
Objective. The goal was to understand the willingness of primary care physicians to participate in possible smallpox pre- or post-event activities.
Methods. A 23-question mail survey was sent to a national random sample of 727 internists and 720 family physicians. After three mailings, a one-page version of the survey was sent to nonrespondents.
Results. Response rates were 26 % for questions common to both surveys and 22 % for questions on the longer survey only. Respondents to the survey expressed moderate support for participating in certain smallpox pre- and post-event activities. Under a pre-event scenario, many providers would be willing to vaccinate first responders in their practice, and roughly one-third would be willing to vaccinate patients in their practice or to work in a public health clinic as a vaccinator. Most physicians, however, would be unwilling to be vaccinated themselves. Under post-event conditions, most providers would be willing to vaccinate their own patients, and many would vaccinate other community members in their practice.
Conclusions. Despite the low response rate, information from this study on the smallpox preparedness activities in which physicians are most willing to participate can help to inform efforts by public health officials and private physicians to collaborate on bioterrorism preparedness efforts.
C1 Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Immunizat Serv Div, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Cowan, AE (reprint author), 300 N Ingalls,Room 6E16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM cowana@med.umich.edu
NR 13
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1538-7135
J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR
JI Biosecur. Bioterror.
PY 2005
VL 3
IS 1
BP 16
EP 22
DI 10.1089/bsp.2005.3.16
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations
GA 919XN
UT WOS:000228651000010
PM 15853451
ER
PT J
AU Kemper, AR
Cowan, AE
Ching, PLYH
Davis, MM
Kennedy, EJ
Clark, SJ
Freed, GL
AF Kemper, AR
Cowan, AE
Ching, PLYH
Davis, MM
Kennedy, EJ
Clark, SJ
Freed, GL
TI Hospital decision-making regarding the smallpox pre-event vaccination
program
SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS
AB Objectives: To understand the factors underlying the decision by U.S. hospitals to participate or not in the U.S. Smallpox Pre-Event Vaccination Program (SPVP).
Methods: We conducted semistructured telephone interviews with a convenience sample of 123 hospital decision-makers in nine states between June and November 2003.
Results: Within our sample, 88 hospitals (72%) decided to participate in the SPVP and 35 (28%) decided against doing so. Nearly all hospital decision-makers considered the risk of a smallpox outbreak, risks associated with vaccination, hospital costs, and the reaction of hospital stakeholders. However, these factors often were weighed differently by hospitals that decided to participate compared to those that did not. Fewer than half of all hospitals reported that public health officials played an important role in their decision-making process, but those that did felt the influence of public health officials was positive.
Conclusions: Strengthening the linkage between the public and private health sectors may help to address some of the barriers to broader participation by hospitals in the SPVP and foster the success of smallpox outbreak response preparedness efforts in the future.
C1 Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Immunizat Serv Div, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Kemper, AR (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM kempera@med.umich.edu
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1538-7135
J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR
JI Biosecur. Bioterror.
PY 2005
VL 3
IS 1
BP 23
EP 30
DI 10.1089/bsp.2005.3.23
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations
GA 919XN
UT WOS:000228651000011
PM 15853452
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, KM
Begier, EM
Griffith, KS
Adams, ML
Hadler, JL
AF Marshall, KM
Begier, EM
Griffith, KS
Adams, ML
Hadler, JL
TI A population survey of smallpox knowledge, perceptions, and
healthcare-seeking behavior surrounding the Iraq invasion - Connecticut
2002-03
SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID VACCINATION; EMERGENCY; PROVIDERS
AB Background. Knowledge and perceptions about smallpox would probably influence public behavior following an intentional smallpox release. We assessed public knowledge, perceptions, and related healthcare-seeking behavior in Connecticut during the period of heightened interest in smallpox preparedness surrounding the Iraq invasion.
Methods. Smallpox-related questions were added to Connecticut's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey, an ongoing statewide adult population-based survey during December 2002-July 2003 and November-December 2003.
Results. Among 4,074 respondents, when asked about a hypothetical febrile illness, 72% would first contact their primary care provider (PCP) on weekdays. During nights and weekends, respondents would depend nearly equally on PCPs and emergency departments (37% versus 36%). Most knew smallpox is transmissible from person to person (72%) but not that the majority infected with smallpox survive (38%) or that smallpox is most contagious after the appearance of rash (11%). Knowledge regarding transmissibility and mortality improved during the study period (p < 0.001). Only 31% recognized that vaccinia vaccine is riskier than routine vaccines; 41% would choose vaccination if available. Concern about smallpox's potential use as a weapon was high but decreased after President Bush declared "mission accomplished" in Iraq in May 2003 (P < 0.001).
Conclusions. Despite national coverage of smallpox by the media, most respondents lacked basic knowledge regarding the disease. Incorrect perceptions regarding vaccinia vaccine's risks could increase inappropriate vaccine demand among nonexposed people with vaccine contraindications during a mass vaccination campaign. Current perceptions should inform future smallpox preparedness planning. In addition, both PCPs and emergency medicine clinicians should be targeted for education regarding smallpox diagnosis.
C1 Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Hartford, CT 06134 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Infect Dis, Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Risk Factor Surveillance Syst, Hartford, CT 06134 USA.
RP Marshall, KM (reprint author), Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Hartford, CT 06134 USA.
EM katherine.marshall@po.state.ct.us
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1538-7135
J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR
JI Biosecur. Bioterror.
PY 2005
VL 3
IS 3
BP 246
EP 255
DI 10.1089/bsp.2005.3.246
PG 10
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations
GA 967EV
UT WOS:000232075200007
PM 16181047
ER
PT J
AU Reeves, WC
Wagner, D
Nisenbaum, R
Jones, JF
Gurbaxani, B
Solomon, L
Papanicolaou, DA
Unger, ER
Vernon, SD
Heim, C
AF Reeves, William C.
Wagner, Dieter
Nisenbaum, Rosane
Jones, James F.
Gurbaxani, Brian
Solomon, Laura
Papanicolaou, Dimitris A.
Unger, Elizabeth R.
Vernon, Suzanne D.
Heim, Christine
TI Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - A clinically empirical approach to its
definition and study
SO BMC MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: The lack of standardized criteria for defining chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has constrained research. The objective of this study was to apply the 1994 CFS criteria by standardized reproducible criteria.
Methods: This population-based case control study enrolled 227 adults identified from the population of Wichita with: (1) CFS (n = 58); (2) non-fatigued controls matched to CFS on sex, race, age and body mass index (n = 55); (3) persons with medically unexplained fatigue not CFS, which we term ISF (n = 59); (4) CFS accompanied by melancholic depression (n = 27); and (5) ISF plus melancholic depression (n = 28). Participants were admitted to a hospital for two days and underwent medical history and physical examination, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, and laboratory testing to identify medical and psychiatric conditions exclusionary for CFS. Illness classification at the time of the clinical study utilized two algorithms: (1) the same criteria as in the surveillance study; (2) a standardized clinically empirical algorithm based on quantitative assessment of the major domains of CFS (impairment, fatigue, and accompanying symptoms).
Results: One hundred and sixty-four participants had no exclusionary conditions at the time of this study. Clinically empirical classification identified 43 subjects as CFS, 57 as ISF, and 64 as not ill. There was minimal association between the empirical classification and classification by the surveillance criteria. Subjects empirically classified as CFS had significantly worse impairment (evaluated by the SF-36), more severe fatigue (documented by the multidimensional fatigue inventory), more frequent and severe accompanying symptoms than those with ISF, who in turn had significantly worse scores than the not ill; this was not true for classification by the surveillance algorithm.
Conclusion: The empirical definition includes all aspects of CFS specified in the 1994 case definition and identifies persons with CFS in a precise manner that can be readily reproduced by both investigators and clinicians.
C1 [Reeves, William C.; Wagner, Dieter; Nisenbaum, Rosane; Jones, James F.; Gurbaxani, Brian; Solomon, Laura; Unger, Elizabeth R.; Vernon, Suzanne D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Nisenbaum, Rosane] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Solomon, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Current Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Papanicolaou, Dimitris A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Papanicolaou, Dimitris A.] Merck & Co Inc, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA.
[Heim, Christine] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Reeves, WC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM wcr1@cdc.gov; dieter_krefeld@web.de; NisenbaumR@smh.toronto.on.ca;
jaj9@cdc.gov; buw8@cdc.gov; zfk9@cdc.gov;
dimitris_papanicolaou@merck.com; eru0@cdc.gov; sdv2@cdc.gov;
cmheim@emory.edu
RI Heim, Christine/A-1183-2009;
OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635
FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
FX This study was fully funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention.
NR 18
TC 117
Z9 118
U1 2
U2 4
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1741-7015
J9 BMC MED
JI BMC Med.
PY 2005
VL 3
AR 19
DI 10.1186/1741-7015-3-19
PG 9
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA V22MY
UT WOS:000208280500019
PM 16356178
ER
PT S
AU Vesper, HW
Licea-Perez, H
Meyers, T
Ospina, M
Myers, GL
AF Vesper, HW
Licea-Perez, H
Meyers, T
Ospina, M
Myers, GL
BE Friedman, M
Mottram, D
TI Pilot study on the impact of potato chips consumption on biomarkers of
acrylamide exposure
SO CHEMISTRY AND SAFETY OF ACRYLAMIDE IN FOOD
SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Symposium on Chemistry and Safety of Acrylamide in
Food
CY MAR 29-31, 2004
CL Anaheim, CA
DE acrylamide; glycidamide; hemoglobin adducts; LC-MS/MS; potato chips;
pilot study
ID HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; MAILLARD REACTION; GLYCIDAMIDE; ACRYLONITRILE
AB Food is assumed to be one major source of acrylamide exposure in the general population. Acrylamide exposure is usually assessed by measuring hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and its primary metabolite glycidamide as biomarkers. Little is known about the impact of acrylamide in food on biomarkers of acrylamide exposure. Therefore, CDC is conducting a feeding study to investigate the effect of consumption of endogenous acrylamide in food on biomarkers of acrylamide exposure. As part of this study, we performed a pilot study to obtain further information on the magnitude of the changes in biomarker levels after consumption of high amounts of potato chips (21 ounces) over a short period of time (I week) in non-smokers. After I week, biomarkers levels increased up to 46% for acrylamide adducts and 79% for glycidamide adducts. The results indicate that changes in biomarker levels due to consumption of potato chips can be detected. However, because of the design of this pilot study, the observed magnitude of change cannot. be generalized and needs to be confirmed in the main study.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 477 Buford Hwy NE,MS F25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM HVesper@cdc.gov
RI Ospina, Maria/C-5111-2012
NR 18
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 0065-2598
BN 0-387-23920-0
J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL
JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol.
PY 2005
VL 561
BP 89
EP 96
PG 8
WC Food Science & Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Toxicology
SC Food Science & Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Toxicology
GA BDB40
UT WOS:000232360300007
PM 16438291
ER
PT S
AU Ospina, M
Vesper, HW
Licea-Perez, H
Meyers, T
Mi, LC
Myers, G
AF Ospina, M
Vesper, HW
Licea-Perez, H
Meyers, T
Mi, LC
Myers, G
BE Friedman, M
Mottram, D
TI LC/MS/MS method for the analysis of acrylamide and glycidamide
hemoglobin adducts
SO CHEMISTRY AND SAFETY OF ACRYLAMIDE IN FOOD
SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Symposium on Chemistry and Safety of Acrylamide in
Food
CY MAR 29-31, 2004
CL Anaheim, CA
DE acrylamide; glycidamide; hemoglobin adducts; LC/MS/MS
AB Hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and its primary metabolite, glycidamide are used as biomarkers of acrylamide exposure. Several methods for analyzing these biomarkers in blood have been described previously. These methods were developed to analyze small numbers of samples, not the high sample throughput that is needed in population screening. Obtaining data on exposure of the US population to acrylamide through food and other sources is important to initiate appropriate public health activities. As part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention biomonitoring activities, we developed a high throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide. The LC/MS/MS method consists of using the Edman reaction and isolating the reaction products by protein precipitation and solid-phase extraction (SPE). Quantitation is achieved by using stable-isotope labeled peptides as internal standards. The method is performed on an automated liquid handling and SPE system. It provides good sensitivity in the low-exposure range as assessed in pooled samples and enables differentiation between smokers and non smokers.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Ospina, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 477 Buford Highway,MS-F25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM MOspina@cdc.gov
RI Ospina, Maria/C-5111-2012
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 0065-2598
BN 0-387-23920-0
J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL
JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol.
PY 2005
VL 561
BP 97
EP 107
PG 11
WC Food Science & Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Toxicology
SC Food Science & Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Toxicology
GA BDB40
UT WOS:000232360300008
PM 16438292
ER
PT J
AU Fleck, RA
Romero-Steiner, S
Nahm, MH
AF Fleck, RA
Romero-Steiner, S
Nahm, MH
TI Use of HL-60 cell line to measure opsonic capacity of pneumococcal
antibodies
SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA-CELLS; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; FC-GAMMA-RIIA;
OPSONOPHAGOCYTIC KILLING ASSAY; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY;
PROTEIN-KINASE-C; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE;
POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE
C1 Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, Herts, England.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
RP Fleck, RA (reprint author), Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Blanche Lane S Mimms, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, Herts, England.
EM rfleck@nibsc.ac.uk
OI Romero-Steiner, Sandra/0000-0003-4128-7768; Nahm,
Moon/0000-0002-6922-1042
FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-30021, N01AI30021]
NR 97
TC 36
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 1071-412X
J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN
JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 12
IS 1
BP 19
EP 27
DI 10.1128/CDLI.12.1.19-27.2005
PG 9
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 901GU
UT WOS:000227271800001
PM 15642980
ER
PT J
AU Little, RR
Vesper, H
Rohlfing, CL
Ospina, M
Safar-Pour, S
Roberts, WL
AF Little, RR
Vesper, H
Rohlfing, CL
Ospina, M
Safar-Pour, S
Roberts, WL
TI Validation by a mass spectrometric reference method of use of boronate
affinity chromatography to measure glycohemoglobin in the presence of
hemoglobin S and C traits
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN BLOOD; COMPLICATIONS; GLUCOSE
C1 Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Anat Sci, Columbia, MO 65212 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Utah, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Little, RR (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Anat Sci, 1 Hosp Dr, Columbia, MO 65212 USA.
EM littler@health.missouri.edu
RI Ospina, Maria/C-5111-2012;
OI Little, Randie/0000-0001-6450-8012
NR 14
TC 35
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 51
IS 1
BP 264
EP 265
PG 2
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 883DS
UT WOS:000225991100057
PM 15563476
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, GR
Caudill, SP
Myers, GL
Duerr, GM
AF Cooper, GR
Caudill, SP
Myers, GL
Duerr, GM
TI Comparison of HDLC homogeneous and conventional methods reported by
participants in the CDC-NHLBI Lipid Standardization Program
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Clinical-Chemistry
CY JUL 24-28, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Assoc Clin Chem
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Lockheed Martin, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PY 2005
VL 51
SU 6
BP A136
EP A136
PG 1
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 930YH
UT WOS:000229452500442
ER
PT J
AU Dasti, M
Kimberly, MM
Caudill, SP
Myers, GL
AF Dasti, M
Kimberly, MM
Caudill, SP
Myers, GL
TI Statistical basis for new Cholesterol Reference Method Laboratory
Network programs for manufacturers for certification and recertification
of total cholesterol methods
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Clinical-Chemistry
CY JUL 24-28, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Assoc Clin Chem
C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PY 2005
VL 51
SU 6
BP A136
EP A136
PG 1
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 930YH
UT WOS:000229452500441
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, BC
Satterfield, MB
Sniegoski, LT
Zhang, N
Hornikova, A
Pfeiffer, CM
Welch, MJ
AF Nelson, BC
Satterfield, MB
Sniegoski, LT
Zhang, N
Hornikova, A
Pfeiffer, CM
Welch, MJ
TI Development of a serum-based standard reference material with certified
values for homocysteine and folate
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Clinical-Chemistry
CY JUL 24-28, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Assoc Clin Chem
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PY 2005
VL 51
SU 6
BP A194
EP A194
PG 1
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 930YH
UT WOS:000229452500631
ER
PT J
AU Shahangian, S
LaBeau, K
AF Shahangian, S
LaBeau, K
TI Prothrombin time testing practices in the US Pacific Northwest, 2004
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Clinical-Chemistry
CY JUL 24-28, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Assoc Clin Chem
C1 CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PY 2005
VL 51
SU 6
BP A159
EP A159
PG 1
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 930YH
UT WOS:000229452500518
ER
PT J
AU Vesper, H
Mi, L
Archibold, E
Myers, GL
AF Vesper, H
Mi, L
Archibold, E
Myers, GL
TI Measurement of hemoglobin A1c by mass spectrometry using
microwave-assisted protein digestion
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Clinical-Chemistry
CY JUL 24-28, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Assoc Clin Chem
C1 CDC, NCEH, DLS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PY 2005
VL 51
SU 6
BP A245
EP A246
PG 2
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 930YH
UT WOS:000229452500791
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, M
AF Zhang, M
TI Reevaluation of the traditional microbiologic assay for serum folate
measurement by comparison to LC/MS/MC
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 57th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Clinical-Chemistry
CY JUL 24-28, 2005
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Assoc Clin Chem
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PY 2005
VL 51
SU 6
BP A194
EP A195
PG 2
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 930YH
UT WOS:000229452500632
ER
PT J
AU Lichtenstein, KA
Armon, C
Baron, A
Moorman, AC
Wood, KC
Holmberg, SD
AF Lichtenstein, KA
Armon, C
Baron, A
Moorman, AC
Wood, KC
Holmberg, SD
CA HIV Outpatient Study Invest
TI Modification of the incidence of drug-associated symmetrical peripheral
neuropathy by host and disease factors in the HIV outpatient study
cohort
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International-AIDS-Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and
Treatment
CY JUL 13-16, 2003
CL Paris, FRANCE
SP Int AIDS Soc
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; RISK-FACTORS;
SENSORY NEUROPATHY; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS; TOXICITY;
2',3'-DIDEHYDRO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE; PHARMACOLOGY; POPULATION
AB Background. We sought to identify factors associated with the clinical diagnosis of symmetrical peripheral neuropathy ( SPN) during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART) in a retrospective, longitudinal cohort analysis.
Methods. Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 were evaluated for clinical signs of SPN and its association with immunologic, virologic, clinical, and drug treatment factors by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results. Of 2515 patients, 329 ( 13.1%) received a diagnosis of SPN. In the logistic regression analysis, statistically significant non - drug- based risk factors for SPN were age 140 years ( adjusted odds ratio [ aOR], 1.17), diabetes mellitus ( aOR, 1.79), white race ( aOR, 1.33), nadir CD4(+) T lymphocyte count <50 cells/ mm(3) ( aOR, 1.64), CD4(+) T lymphocyte count 50 - 199 cells/ mm(3) ( aOR, 1.40), and viral load >110,000 copies/ mL at first measurement ( aOR, 1.44). Although initial use of didanosine, stavudine ( 40 mg b. i. d.), nevirapine, or 4 protease inhibitors was associated with SPN ( ORs for all 4 treatments, >1.41), the strength of association decreased with continued use of all medications studied.
Conclusion. Since HAART was introduced, the incidence of SPN has decreased. Host factors and signs of increased disease severity were associated with an increased risk of developing SPN during the initial period of exposure to drug therapy. Immunity improved and the risk of SPN decreased with continued use of HAART. Delaying the initiation of therapy may select those individuals who will be more likely to develop SPN, and earlier initiation of HAART may decrease the risk of developing this common problem, as well as increase the therapeutic effects and decrease the toxic effects of the drugs.
C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Denver, CO 80262 USA.
Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Lichtenstein, KA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Infect Dis, 4200 E 9th Ave,B168, Denver, CO 80262 USA.
EM didc.kal@juno.com
NR 36
TC 91
Z9 99
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD JAN 1
PY 2005
VL 40
IS 1
BP 148
EP 157
DI 10.1086/426076
PG 10
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 904JK
UT WOS:000227492300023
PM 15614705
ER
PT J
AU O'Hara, CM
AF O'Hara, CM
TI Manual and automated instrumentation for identification of
Enterobacteriaceae and other aerobic gram-negative bacilli
SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING SYSTEM; CLINICALLY IMPORTANT BACTERIA;
IMPREGNATED PAPER STRIPS; RAPID SS/U SYSTEM; VITEK 2 SYSTEM;
AUTOMICROBIC SYSTEM; BLOOD CULTURES; FAMILY ENTEROBACTERIACEAE;
BURKHOLDERIA-CEPACIA; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA
AB Identification of gram-negative bacilli, both enteric and nonenteric, by conventional methods is not realistic for clinical microbiology laboratories performing routine cultures in today's world. The use of commercial kits, either manual or automated, to identify these organisms is a common practice. The advent of rapid or "spot" testing has eliminated the need for some commonly isolated organisms to be identified with the systems approach. Commercially available systems provide more in-depth identification to the species level as well as detect new and unusual strains. The answers obtained from. these systems may not always be correct and must be interpreted with caution. The patient demographics, laboratory workload and work flow, and technologists skill levels should dictate the system of choice. Cost considerations introduce another variable into the equation affecting choice. Each system has its own strengths and weaknesses, and each laboratory must decide on the level of sophistication that fulfills its particular needs.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Epidemiol & Lab Branch, Diagnost Microbiol Sect, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP O'Hara, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Mailstop C16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM cmo1@cdc.gov
NR 101
TC 42
Z9 45
U1 3
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0893-8512
J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV
JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 18
IS 1
BP 147
EP +
DI 10.1128/CMR.18.1.147-162.2005
PG 17
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 891IU
UT WOS:000226575300009
PM 15653824
ER
PT J
AU Watson, JT
Jones, RC
Siston, AM
Diaz, PS
Gerber, SI
Crowe, JB
Satzger, RD
AF Watson, JT
Jones, RC
Siston, AM
Diaz, PS
Gerber, SI
Crowe, JB
Satzger, RD
TI Outbreak of food-borne illness associated with plant material containing
raphides
SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE disease outbreaks; calcium oxalate; Araceae; toxic plants; food
poisoning
ID DIEFFENBACHIA; PHILODENDRON
AB Background. Many botanicals, particularly ornamental houseplants, contain crystals of calcium oxalate called raphides. Raphides have known toxic effects when chewed, including painful edema, vesicle formation, and dysphagia. We report a food-borne illness outbreak associated with ingestion of raphides. Methods. On February 24, 2003, the Chicago Department of Public Health was notified of multiple cases of oral burning and facial edema associated with lunch in an office cafeteria on February 21. The investigation included a case-control study, interviews with kitchen staff, an environmental inspection, and laboratory analysis of leftover foods. Results. Ten cases were identified, including one admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for potential airway obstruction secondary to severe edema, and another seen by Emergency Department staff for oral edema and pain. Ten of 10 case-patients reported oral stinging and burning, and 8 of 10 reported dysphagia. Four of 10 case-patients continued to have symptoms 2 weeks later. Food from the cafeteria's international buffet was consumed by 10 of 10 case-patients and by I of 22 control subjects (odds ratio=undefined); each of the 10 case-patients reported consumption of a Chinese vegetable entree from the international buffet and had no other foods in common. Plant material from the Chinese vegetable entree contained raphides. Conclusion. This outbreak was associated with consumption of raphides resembling those from common botanicals. Clinicians and public health practitioners should be aware of raphide-containing plants as a potential cause of food-borne illness.
C1 Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA.
US FDA, Forens Chem Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Watson, JT (reprint author), Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 2160 W Ogden Ave, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
EM watson_john@cdph.org
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0731-3810
J9 CLIN TOXICOL
JI Clin. Toxicol.
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 1
BP 17
EP 21
DI 10.1081/CLT-200044721
PG 5
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 917PZ
UT WOS:000228476400004
PM 15732442
ER
PT J
AU Heilig, CM
Weijer, C
AF Heilig, CM
Weijer, C
TI A critical history of individual and collective ethics in the lineage of
Lellouch and Schwartz
SO CLINICAL TRIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTROLLED CLINICAL-TRIALS; SEQUENTIAL MEDICAL TRIALS; PHASE-III;
DESIGNS; ALLOCATION; PHYSICIAN; ATTITUDES; WINNER
AB The notions of individual and collective ethics were first explicitly defined in the biostatistical literature in 1971 to motivate a mathematical solution to a posed ethical dilemma. This paper reviews key antecedents to these concepts and traces explicit references to them over time, primarily in the biostatistical literature. Following a historical exposition of these texts, a critical thematic analysis shows the following: the normative force of these concepts has not been adequately argued. Individual and collective ethics do not solve the problem of how to use accumulating data to inform ethical action. The notions of the "individual" and the "collective" are too vague to prompt clear moral imperatives, especially in difficult cases. These concepts have not been successfully linked to a standard ethical framework. Finally, the paper concludes with the observation that a systematic, comprehensive ethical framework must be identified to fulfill the intuitions behind individual and collective ethics.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Dalhousie Univ, Dept Bioeth, Halifax, NS, Canada.
RP Heilig, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE MS K21, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM cheilig@cdc.gov
RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008
OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310
NR 55
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU HODDER ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC
PI LONDON
PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND
SN 1740-7745
J9 CLIN TRIALS
JI Clin. Trials
PY 2005
VL 2
IS 3
BP 244
EP 253
DI 10.1197/1740774505cn084oa
PG 10
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 975GB
UT WOS:000232647900014
PM 16279147
ER
PT J
AU Norris, SL
Zhang, X
Avenell, A
Gregg, E
Schmid, CH
Lau, J
AF Norris, SL
Zhang, X
Avenell, A
Gregg, E
Schmid, CH
Lau, J
TI Pharmacotherapy for weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
SO COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; LIFE-STYLE
MODIFICATION; LOW-CALORIE DIET; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; IMPAIRED
GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; ENERGY RESTRICTED DIET; LONG-TERM CHANGES; FREE
FATTY-ACIDS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE
AB Background Obesity is closely related to type 2 diabetes and long-term weight reduction is an important part of the care delivered to obese persons with diabetes.
Objectives To assess the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Search strategy Computerized searches were performed of MEDLINE (January 1966 to May 2004), EMBASE (January 1974 to May 2004, Web of Science (January 1981 to May 2004, and other electronic bibliographic databases, supplemented with hand searches of reference lists and selected journals.
Selection criteria Randomized, controlled trials were included where pharmacotherapy was used as the primary strategy for weight loss among adults with type 2 diabetes. Published and unpublished literature in any language and with any study design was included.
Data collection and analysis Two reviewers abstracted data and the quality of included studies was evaluated by assessing potential attrition, as well as selection and measurement bias, and a Jadad score was obtained. Effects were combined using a random effects model.
Main results A sufficient number of studies were available for a quantitative synthesis for fluoxetine, orlistat, and sibutramine. Twenty two randomized controlled trials were included in the review, with a total of 296 participants for fluoxitine, 2036 for orlistat, and 1047 for sibutramine. Pharmacotherapy produced modest reductions in weight for fluoxetine (5.1 kg (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3-6.9) at 24 to 26 weeks follow up; orlistat 2.0 kg (CI, 1.3 - 2.8) at 12 to 57 weeks follow-up, and sibutramine 5.1 kg ( CI, 3.2 - 7.0) at 12 to 52 weeks follow- up. Glycated hemoglobin also modestly and significantly reduced for fluoxetine and orlistat. Gastrointestinal side effects were common with orlistat; tremor, somnolence and sweating with fluoxetine; and palpitations with sibutramine. Some studies, using a variety of study designs, were available on other drugs and a significant decrease in weight was noted in three studies of mazindol, one of phenmetrazine, two of phentermine. No studies were identified that fit inclusion criteria for pseudophedrine, ephedra, sertraline, yohimbine, amphetamine or its derivatives, bupropion, topiramate, benzocaine, threachlorocitric acid, sertraline, and bromocriptine.
Authors' conclusions Fluoxetine, orlistat, and sibutramine can achieve statistically significant weight loss over 12 to 57 weeks. The magnitude of weight loss is modest, however, and the long-term health benefits remain unclear. The safety of sibutramine is uncertain. There is a paucity of data on other drugs for weight loss or control in persons with type 2 diabetes.
C1 Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Ctr Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Norris, SL (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Ctr Control & Prevent, 4774 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM snorris@cdc.gov
NR 259
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 7
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1469-493X
J9 COCHRANE DB SYST REV
JI Cochrane Database Syst Rev.
PY 2005
IS 1
AR CD004096.pub2
DI 10.1002/14651858.CD004096.pub2
PG 203
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 967ND
UT WOS:000232097000030
ER
PT J
AU Feng, H
Willemain, TR
Shang, N
AF Feng, H
Willemain, TR
Shang, N
TI Wavelet-based bootstrap for time series analysis
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE long memory; long-range dependence; standard error; wavelet
ID FRACTIONAL BROWNIAN-MOTION; STOCHASTIC-PROCESSES; JACKKNIFE; MODELS;
REPRESENTATIONS
AB Using wavelet domain analysis and modeling of stochastic processes, we develop a unified bootstrap scheme that can be applied to both short-range dependent and long-range dependent stationary Gaussian time series. Our idea was motivated by the fact that the discrete wavelet transform is capable of converting long-range dependence in the time domain into short-range dependence in the wavelet domain. Hence we can use a simple Markov model to model the short-range dependence in the wavelet domain. The Markov model is used to generate a new version ( the bootstrapped version) of the wavelet representation of the time series. The bootstrapped series is obtained by performing the inverse wavelet transform on the new wavelet representation of the original series. We compare our wavelet-based bootstrap with the moving block bootstrap for estimating the standard errors of the unit lag sample autocorrelation and the sample standard deviation. Our results show that the wavelet-based bootstrap can achieve performance better than the moving block bootstrap for both short-range dependent data and long-range dependent data.
C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Decis Sci & Engn Syst, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Willemain, TR (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Decis Sci & Engn Syst, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM willet@rpi.edu
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0361-0918
J9 COMMUN STAT-SIMUL C
JI Commun. Stat.-Simul. Comput.
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 2
BP 393
EP 413
DI 10.1081/SAC-200055722
PG 21
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 933HQ
UT WOS:000229619900011
ER
PT J
AU Song, R
Karon, JM
AF Song, R
Karon, JM
TI Distributions of renewal variables when renewal process reaches a
special event
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE equilibrium; gamma distribution; incidence; renewal process; window
period
AB Motivated by a problem in estimating the incidence of a disease with delayed onset of symptoms, the current, excess, and total life length distributions of a renewal process at a random event time point are considered. Distributions of these renewal variables at a random time point can be easily derived if we know their corresponding distributions at a fixed time point. Unfortunately, the distribution conditional on a fixed time point is usually not available since it requires solving a renewal equation and an explicit solution of the renewal equation rarely exists. In this article, we consider the situation where the time to a specific event is random and independent of the renewal process. We assume that the occurrence rate of the event is constant, in other words, the time to the event for each individual follows an exponential distribution. Under these assumptions, we derive the distributions for the renewal variables considered. We also derive the distribution of the total life when excess life is bounded by an independent random variable. Using results developed in this article, one can derive the distributions of the renewal variables considered front the distribution of the renewal process and vice versa. Our results show that when the incidence rate is small, the renewal distributions can be approximated by the corresponding asymptotic distributions under equilibrium.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Emergint Corp, Louisville, KY USA.
RP Song, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM Rsong@cdc.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0361-0926
J9 COMMUN STAT-THEOR M
JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 8
BP 1813
EP 1819
DI 10.1080/STA-200066307
PG 7
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 956AS
UT WOS:000231271900009
ER
PT S
AU Kolli, VS
Liu, H
Pan, MH
Pan, Y
AF Kolli, VS
Liu, H
Pan, MH
Pan, Y
BE Sunderam, VS
VanAlbada, GD
Sloot, PMA
Dongarra, JJ
TI A parallel implementation for determining genomic distances under
deletion and insertion
SO COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE - ICCS 2005, PT 2
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS 2005)
CY MAY 22-25, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Intel, IBM Corp, Microsoft Res, SGI Silicon Graph, Emory Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Emory Univ, Inst Comparat & Int Studies, Emory Univ, Emory Coll, Emory Univ, Off Provost, Emory Univ, Grad Sch Arts & Sci, Springer
AB As the need for comparing genomes of different species has grown dramatically with the fast progress of the Human Genome Project, the evolution at the level of whole genomes has attracted more and more attention from both biologists and computer scientists. They are especially interested in the scenarios in which the genome evolves through insertions, deletions, and movements of genes along its chromosomes. Marron et al proposed a polynomial-time approximation algorithm to compute (near) minimum edit distances under inversions, deletions, and unrestricted insertions. Our work is based on their algorithm, which carries out lots of comparisons and sorting to calculate the edit distance. These comparisons and sorting are extremely time-consuming, and they result in decrease of computational efficiency. We believe the time of the algorithm can be improved through parallelization. We parallelize their algorithm via OpenMP using Intel C++ compiler for Linux 7.1, and compare three levels of parallelism: coarse grain, fine grain and combination of both. The experiments are conducted for a varying number of threads and different lengths of the gene sequences. The experimental results show that either coarse grain parallelism or fine grain parallelism alone does not improve the performance of the algorithm very much. However, the use of combination of both fine grain and coarse grain parallelism improves the performance of the algorithm drastically.
C1 Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workfoce & Career Dev, Career Dev Div, Publ Hlth Informat Fellow Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
EM hui.anitaliu@gmail.com; hdp1@cdc.gov; pan@cs.gsu.edu
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 3-540-26043-9
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2005
VL 3515
BP 1003
EP 1010
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BCM76
UT WOS:000230023800127
ER
PT J
AU Widdowson, MA
Bresee, JS
Gentsch, JR
Glass, RI
AF Widdowson, MA
Bresee, JS
Gentsch, JR
Glass, RI
TI Rotavirus disease and its prevention
SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE rotavirus; vaccine; disease burden; intussusception
ID NEW-YORK-STATE; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; SEROTYPE G9;
VACCINE; CHILDREN; INFECTION; DIARRHEA; INFANTS; INTUSSUSCEPTION
AB Purpose of review Rotavirus infection is the foremost cause of severe gastroenteritis of young children worldwide. Efforts to develop safe and effective vaccines resulted in licensure of the first live oral vaccine, tetravalent, rhesus-based rotavirus vaccine (RRV-TV), which was incorporated into the US immunization schedule in 1998. Less than 1 year later, however, the vaccine was withdrawn when reports of cases of intussusception were linked to recent vaccination. This setback created significant hurdles as well as new opportunities for the development of the next generation of rotavirus vaccines. This review focuses on new information related to the clinical presentation and pathogenesis of rotavirus infection, the associated global disease burden, and the ongoing efforts to develop and introduce the next generation of rotavirus vaccines for widespread use.
Recent findings Recent studies have confirmed that rotavirus infection is not confined only to the gut but can have extraintestinal manifestations, including viremia. Estimates of the global disease burden of rotavirus diarrhea have been refined and suggest that mortality has not declined, and that among hospitalized cases of diarrhea, the fraction associated with rotavirus has increased in many countries. In the United States, the estimated number of hospitalizations attributed to rotavirus has increased. Debate continues about the magnitude of the attributable risk of the association between RRV-TV and intussusception. Several new rotavirus vaccines are in late stages of development. One vaccine was licensed in Mexico in 2004 and a second has completed clinical trials in the United States and Europe and may be licensed within 2 to 3 years.
Summary The tremendous burden of rotavirus diarrhea among children all over the world continues to drive the remarkable pace of vaccine development and the variety of approaches to creating rotavirus vaccines.
C1 CDCP, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Resp & Enteric Viruses Branch, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Widdowson, MA (reprint author), CDCP, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Resp & Enteric Viruses Branch, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM zux5@cdc.gov
NR 50
TC 44
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0267-1379
J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN
JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 21
IS 1
BP 26
EP 31
PG 6
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 881NQ
UT WOS:000225874600006
PM 15687881
ER
PT J
AU Tran, TM
Moreno, A
Yazdani, SS
Chitnis, CE
Barnwell, JW
Galinski, MR
AF Tran, TM
Moreno, A
Yazdani, SS
Chitnis, CE
Barnwell, JW
Galinski, MR
TI Detection of a Plasmodium vivax erythrocyte binding protein by flow
cytometry
SO CYTOMETRY PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE malaria; flow cytometry; Plasmodium vivax; reticulocyte; erythrocyte
binding assay; Duffy binding protein
ID DUFFY-BLOOD-GROUP; RECEPTOR-BINDING; LIFE-CYCLE; FALCIPARUM; INVASION;
ANTIGEN; IDENTIFICATION; RETICULOCYTES; MEROZOITES; SPECIFICITY
AB Background: The malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax preferentially invades reticulocytes. It is therefore relevant for vaccine development purposes to identify and characterize P. vivax proteins that bind specifically to the surface of reticulocytes. We have developed a two-color flow cytometric erythrocyte binding assay (T-EBAs) that has several advantages over traditional erythrocyte binding assays (F-EBA) used in malaria research. We demonstrate the use of F-EBA using the P. vivax Duffy binding protein region II (PvDBP-RII) recombinant protein as a model. This protein binds to all erythrocytes that express the Duffy receptor (Fy) and discriminates binding between normocytes and reticulocytes.
Methods: F-EBAs were performed by incubating freshly isolate Aotus nancymai, Macaca mulatta, Saimiri boliviensis, and human erythrocytes with PvDBP-RII, a fluorescent anti-His tag detection antibody, and thiazole orange before flow cytometric analysis. T-EBAs employing immunoblot detection with an anti-His antibody were performed concomitantly.
Results: PvDBP-RII bound to A. nancymai, M. mulatta, and human Fy(+) erythrocytes, but not human Fy(-) erythrocytes, by F-EBAs and T-EBAs. However, F-EBAs exhibited higher sensitivity and better concordance between experiments compared with T-EBAs.
Conclusions: F-EBA is a rapid, simple, and reliable method for quantifying the ability of malaria proteins to bind to the surface of erythrocytes. F-EBA can discriminate binding between erythrocyte subpopulations without enrichment protocols and may be more reliable and sensitive than T-EBAs in identifying novel erythrocyte binding proteins. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Malaria Res Grp, New Delhi, India.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RP Galinski, MR (reprint author), Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
EM galinski@rmy.emory.edu
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01AI52371-02, R01AI247-18]
NR 29
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4922
J9 CYTOM PART A
JI Cytom. Part A
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 63A
IS 1
BP 59
EP 66
DI 10.1002/cyto.a.20098
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 894XL
UT WOS:000226824800007
PM 15584018
ER
PT J
AU Allweiss, P
Tomlinson, D
Finch, R
Kelly, J
AF Allweiss, P
Tomlinson, D
Finch, R
Kelly, J
TI A unique public private partnership for primary prevention of diabetes
and cardiovascular disease at the worksite: a collaboration of CDC, GE
Power and the National Business Group on Health
SO DIABETOLOGIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 41st Annual Meeting of the
European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes
CY SEP 10-15, 2005
CL Athens, GREECE
SP European Assoc Study Diabet
C1 CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
GE Power, Schenectady, NY USA.
Natl Business Grp Hlth, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0012-186X
J9 DIABETOLOGIA
JI Diabetologia
PY 2005
VL 48
SU 1
MA 160
BP A62
EP A62
PG 1
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 962OX
UT WOS:000231743200161
ER
PT J
AU Dabelea, D
Maahs, DM
Snively, BM
Bell, RA
Dolan, LM
Hirsch, IB
Imperatore, GA
Liese, AD
Mayer-Davis, EJ
Pettitt, DJ
Rodriguez, BL
AF Dabelea, D
Maahs, DM
Snively, BM
Bell, RA
Dolan, LM
Hirsch, IB
Imperatore, GA
Liese, AD
Mayer-Davis, EJ
Pettitt, DJ
Rodriguez, BL
CA SEARCH Diabetes Youth Study Grp
TI High prevalence of elevated albumin excretion in youth with type 2
diabetes: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
SO DIABETOLOGIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 41st Annual Meeting of the
European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes
CY SEP 10-15, 2005
CL Athens, GREECE
SP European Assoc Study Diabet
C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA.
Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ S Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
Samsung Med Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0012-186X
J9 DIABETOLOGIA
JI Diabetologia
PY 2005
VL 48
SU 1
MA 134
BP A53
EP A54
PG 2
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 962OX
UT WOS:000231743200135
ER
PT J
AU Maahs, DM
Snively, BM
Imperatore, GA
Belle, RA
Liese, AD
Mayer-Davis, EJ
Dolan, LM
Pettitt, DJ
Hirsch, IB
Rodriguez, BL
Dabelea, D
AF Maahs, DM
Snively, BM
Imperatore, GA
Belle, RA
Liese, AD
Mayer-Davis, EJ
Dolan, LM
Pettitt, DJ
Hirsch, IB
Rodriguez, BL
Dabelea, D
CA SEARCH Diabet Youth Study Grp
TI Birth weight and elevated albumin/creatinine ratio in youth with
diabetes: the SEARCH for diabetes in youth study
SO DIABETOLOGIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 41st Annual Meeting of the
European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes
CY SEP 10-15, 2005
CL Athens, GREECE
SP European Assoc Study Diabet
C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA.
Samsum Med Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0012-186X
J9 DIABETOLOGIA
JI Diabetologia
PY 2005
VL 48
SU 1
MA 893
BP A325
EP A325
PG 1
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 962OX
UT WOS:000231743202093
ER
PT J
AU Rewers, A
Klingensmith, G
Davis, C
Pettiti, D
Pihoker, C
Rodriguezs, B
Imperatore, G
Williams, D
Dolan, L
Mayer-Davis, E
Schwartz, D
Dabelea, D
AF Rewers, A
Klingensmith, G
Davis, C
Pettiti, D
Pihoker, C
Rodriguezs, B
Imperatore, G
Williams, D
Dolan, L
Mayer-Davis, E
Schwartz, D
Dabelea, D
TI Diabetic ketoacidosis at onset of diabetes in a representative sample of
the US population
SO DIABETOLOGIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 41st Annual Meeting of the
European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes
CY SEP 10-15, 2005
CL Athens, GREECE
SP European Assoc Study Diabet
C1 Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
Kaiser Permanente, Pasadena, CA USA.
Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA USA.
Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA.
CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Childrens Hosp, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0012-186X
J9 DIABETOLOGIA
JI Diabetologia
PY 2005
VL 48
SU 1
MA 897
BP A326
EP A326
PG 1
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 962OX
UT WOS:000231743202097
ER
PT J
AU Bruce, M
Parkinson, A
Gessner, B
AF Bruce, M
Parkinson, A
Gessner, B
TI Does delayed testing of urea breath test samples effect results?
SO DIGESTION
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
Alaska Div Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Bruce, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM zwa8@cdc.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0012-2823
J9 DIGESTION
JI Digestion
PY 2005
VL 71
IS 4
BP 261
EP 261
DI 10.1159/000087052
PG 1
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 958LH
UT WOS:000231449300011
PM 16024932
ER
PT J
AU Hoffman, RE
Greenblatt, J
Matyas, BT
Sharp, DJ
Esteban, E
Hodge, K
Liang, A
AF Hoffman, RE
Greenblatt, J
Matyas, BT
Sharp, DJ
Esteban, E
Hodge, K
Liang, A
TI Capacity of state and territorial health agencies to prevent foodborne
illness
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; UNITED-STATES
AB The capacity of state and territorial health departments to investigate foodborne diseases was assessed by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists from 2001 to 2002 with a self-administered, Web-based survey. Forty-eight health departments responded (47 states and 1 territory). The primary reason for not conducting more active case surveillance of enteric disease is lack of staff, while the primary reasons for not investigating foodborne disease outbreaks are limited staff and delayed notification of the outbreak. Sixty-four percent of respondents have the capacity to conduct analytic epidemiologic investigations. States receiving Emerging Infections Program (EIP) funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention more often reported having a dedicated foodborne disease epidemiologist and the capability to perform analytic studies than non-EIP states. We conclude that by addressing shortages in the number of dedicated personnel and reducing delays in reporting, the capacity of state health departments to respond to foodborne disease can be improved.
C1 Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA.
New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA.
Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
USDA, Alameda, CA USA.
RP Hoffman, RE (reprint author), 8155 Fairmt Dr,Unit 511, Denver, CO 80230 USA.
EM rehoffman49@msn.com
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U60/CCU 007277-10]
NR 12
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 11
EP 16
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300003
PM 15705316
ER
PT J
AU Belongia, EA
Kieke, B
Lynfield, R
Davis, JP
Besser, RE
AF Belongia, EA
Kieke, B
Lynfield, R
Davis, JP
Besser, RE
TI Demand for prophylaxis after bioterrorism-related anthrax cases, 2001
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIMICROBIAL POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; LEVOFLOXACIN; RESISTANCE; CARE
AB Media reports suggested increased public demand for anthrax prophylaxis after the intentional anthrax cases in 2001, but the magnitude of anthrax-related prescribing in unaffected regions was not assessed. We surveyed a random sample of 400 primary care clinicians in Minnesota and Wisconsin to assess requests for and provision of anthrax-related antimicrobial agents. The survey was returned by 239 (60%) of clinicians, including 210 in outpatient practice. Fifty-eight (28%) of those in outpatient practice received requests for anthrax-related antimicrobial agents, and 9 (4%) dispensed them. Outpatient fluoroquinolone use in both states was also analyzed with regression models to compare predicted and actual use in October and November 2001. Fluoroquinolone use as a proportion of total antimicrobial use was not elevated, and anthrax concerns accounted for an estimated 0.3% of all fluoroquinolone prescriptions. Most physicians in Minnesota and Wisconsin managed anthrax-related requests without dispensing antimicrobial agents.
C1 Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr ML2, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA.
Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA.
Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Belongia, EA (reprint author), Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr ML2, 1000 N Oak Ave, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA.
EM belongia.edward@mcrf.mfldclin.edu
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU 515878]
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 42
EP 47
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300008
PM 15705321
ER
PT J
AU Siqueira, JB
Martelli, CMT
Coelho, GE
Simplicio, ACD
Hatch, DL
AF Siqueira, JB
Martelli, CMT
Coelho, GE
Simplicio, ACD
Hatch, DL
TI Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever, Brazil, 1981-2002
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOW-FEVER; VIRUS; EPIDEMIC; ANTIBODIES; SEQUENCES; EMERGENCE
AB In the last 5 years, Brazil has accounted for approximate to70% of reported dengue fever cases in the Americas. We analyzed trends of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) from the early 1980s to 2002 by using surveillance data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Two distinct epidemiologic patterns for dengue were observed: localized epidemics (1986-1993), and endemic and epidemic virus circulation countrywide (1994-2002). Currently, serotypes 1, 2, and 3 cocirculate in 22 of 27 states. Dengue and DHF affected mainly adults; however, an increase in occurrence of DHF among children has been recently detected in northern Brazil, which suggests a shift in the occurrence of severe disease to younger age groups. In 2002, hospitalizations. increased, which points out the change in disease severity compared to that seen in the 1990s. We describe the epidemiology of dengue in Brazil, characterizing the changing patterns of it and DHF during the last 20 years.
C1 Minist Hlth, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
Fed Univ Goias, Goiania, Go, Brazil.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Siqueira, JB (reprint author), SAS, Secretaria Vigilancia Saude, Quadra 4,Bloco N,7o Andar Sala 715, BR-70070040 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
EM joao.siqueira@funasa.gov.br
NR 34
TC 128
Z9 141
U1 3
U2 14
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 48
EP 53
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300009
PM 15705322
ER
PT J
AU Widdowson, MA
Sulka, A
Bulens, SN
Beard, RS
Chaves, SS
Hammond, R
Salehi, EDP
Swanson, E
Totaro, J
Woron, R
Mead, PS
Bresee, JS
Monroe, SS
Glass, RI
AF Widdowson, MA
Sulka, A
Bulens, SN
Beard, RS
Chaves, SS
Hammond, R
Salehi, EDP
Swanson, E
Totaro, J
Woron, R
Mead, PS
Bresee, JS
Monroe, SS
Glass, RI
TI Norovirus and foodborne disease, United States, 1991-2000
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK;
CONSUMPTION; ILLNESS; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SANDWICHES;
EXPERIENCE; OYSTERS
AB Efforts to prevent foodborne illness target bacteria[ pathogens, yet noroviruses (NoV) are suspected to be the most common cause of gastroenteritis. New molecular assays allow for better estimation of the role of NoV in foodborne illness. We analyzed 8,271 foodborne outbreaks reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 1991 to 2000 and additional data from 6 states. The proportion of NoV-confirmed outbreaks increased from 1% in 1991 to 12% in 2000. However, from 1998 to 2000, 76% of NoV outbreaks were reported by only 11 states. In 2000, an estimated 50% of foodborne outbreaks in 6 states were attributable to NoV. NoV outbreaks were larger than bacterial outbreaks (median persons affected: 25 versus 15), and 10% of affected persons sought medical care; 1% were hospitalized. More widespread use of molecular assays will permit better estimates of the role of NoV illness and help direct efforts to control foodborne illness.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Virus Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA.
Dept Human Resources, Atlanta, GA USA.
Bur Community Environm Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA.
Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA.
Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA.
Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA.
New York State Dept Hlth, Troy, NY USA.
RP Widdowson, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Virus Branch, Mailstop G04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM zux5@cdc.gov
OI Monroe, Stephan/0000-0002-5424-716X
NR 35
TC 155
Z9 168
U1 0
U2 7
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 95
EP 102
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300016
PM 15705329
ER
PT J
AU Schroeder, CM
Naugle, AL
Schlosser, WD
Hogue, AT
Angulo, FJ
Rose, JS
Ebel, ED
Disney, WT
Holt, KG
Goldman, DP
AF Schroeder, CM
Naugle, AL
Schlosser, WD
Hogue, AT
Angulo, FJ
Rose, JS
Ebel, ED
Disney, WT
Holt, KG
Goldman, DP
TI Estimate of illnesses from Salmonella enteritidis in eggs, United
States, 2000
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID INFECTIONS
AB Results from our model suggest that eating Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis-contaminated shell eggs caused 182,060 illnesses in the United States during 2000. Uncertainty about the estimate ranged from 81,535 (5th percentile) to 276,500 illnesses (95th percentile). Our model provides but 1 approach for estimating foodborne illness and quantifying estimate uncertainty.
C1 USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Aerosp Ctr 333, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
Food Safety & Inspect Serv, College Stn, TX USA.
Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Riverside, CA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA.
Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA.
Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Schroeder, CM (reprint author), USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Aerosp Ctr 333, 1400 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
EM carl.schroeder@fsis.usda.gov
NR 8
TC 58
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 0
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 113
EP 115
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300019
PM 15705332
ER
PT J
AU Gray, GC
Setterquist, SF
Jirsa, SJ
DesJardin, LE
Erdman, DD
AF Gray, GC
Setterquist, SF
Jirsa, SJ
DesJardin, LE
Erdman, DD
TI Emergent strain of human adenovirus endemic in Iowa
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases
CY FEB 29-MAR 03, 2004
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Amer Soc Microbiol, Assoc Public Hlth Labs, Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists, WHO
ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION;
POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDREN; DISEASE;
TYPE-7; SURVEILLANCE; ADULTS; JAPAN
AB We evaluated 76 adenovirus type 7 (Ad7) isolates collected in Iowa from 1992 to 2002 and found that genome type Ad7d2 became increasingly prevalent. By 2002, it had supplanted all other Ad7 genome types. The association of Ad7d2 with severe illness and death calls for heightened public health concern.
C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Univ Iowa, Hyg Lab, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Gray, GC (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, 200 Hawkins Dr,C21K GH, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM gregory-gray@uiowa.edu
NR 15
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 1
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 127
EP 128
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300023
PM 15705336
ER
PT J
AU Srikantiah, P
Charles, MD
Reagan, S
Clark, TA
Pletz, MWR
Patel, PR
Hoekstra, RM
Lingappa, J
Jernigan, JA
Fischer, M
AF Srikantiah, P
Charles, MD
Reagan, S
Clark, TA
Pletz, MWR
Patel, PR
Hoekstra, RM
Lingappa, J
Jernigan, JA
Fischer, M
CA CDC SARS Clinical Investi
TI SARS clinical features, United States, 2003
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; CORONAVIRUS INFECTION; OUTCOMES;
PROGRESSION; PATIENT
AB We compared the clinical features of 8 U.S. case-patients with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) to 65 controls who tested negative for SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection. Shortness of breath, vomiting, diarrhea, progressive bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph, and need for supplemental oxygen were significantly associated with confirmed SARS-CoV infection.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Fischer, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM mxf2@cdc.gov
RI Pletz, Mathias/C-6848-2009
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 135
EP 138
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300026
PM 15705339
ER
PT J
AU Manning, SE
Lee, E
Bambino, M
Ackelsberg, J
Weiss, D
Sathyakumar, C
Kornblum, J
Barbot, O
Johnson, D
Kaplan, EL
Layton, M
AF Manning, SE
Lee, E
Bambino, M
Ackelsberg, J
Weiss, D
Sathyakumar, C
Kornblum, J
Barbot, O
Johnson, D
Kaplan, EL
Layton, M
TI Invasive group A streptococcal infection in high school football
players, New York City, 2003
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI; PREVENTION; CHILDREN;
DISEASE; SPORTS
AB After being notified that 2 high school football team-mates from New York City were hospitalized with confirmed or suspected invasive group A streptococcal infections, we conducted an investigation of possible spread among other team members. This investigation highlights a need for guidelines on management of streptococcal and other infectious disease outbreaks in team sport settings.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA.
Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.
WHO, Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Streptococci, Minneapolis, MN USA.
RP Manning, SE (reprint author), 923 Peachtree St,739, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA.
EM aci6@cdc.gov
NR 16
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 0
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 146
EP 149
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300029
PM 15705342
ER
PT J
AU Isakbaeva, ET
Widdowson, MA
Beard, RS
Bulens, SN
Mullins, J
Monroe, SS
Bresee, J
Sassano, P
Cramer, EH
Glass, RI
AF Isakbaeva, ET
Widdowson, MA
Beard, RS
Bulens, SN
Mullins, J
Monroe, SS
Bresee, J
Sassano, P
Cramer, EH
Glass, RI
TI Norovirus transmission on cruise ship
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; GASTROENTERITIS ABOARD; VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS;
UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; HAWAII; STRAIN
AB An outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis affected passengers on two consecutive cruises of ship X and continued on 4 subsequent cruises despite a 1-week sanitization. We documented virus transmission by food and person-to-person contact, persistence of virus despite sanitization onboard, introduction of new strains, and seeding of an outbreak on land.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA.
Bucks Cty Dept Hlth, Doylestown, PA USA.
RP Widdowson, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM MWiddowson@cdc.gov
OI Monroe, Stephan/0000-0002-5424-716X
NR 14
TC 80
Z9 85
U1 0
U2 3
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 154
EP 157
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300031
PM 15705344
ER
PT J
AU Potter, P
AF Potter, P
TI Genre painting and the world's kitchen
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM PMP1@cdc.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 188
EP 189
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885HI
UT WOS:000226147300046
ER
PT B
AU Gimnig, JE
Hightower, AW
Hawley, WA
AF Gimnig, JE
Hightower, AW
Hawley, WA
BE Takken, W
Martens, P
Bogers, RJ
TI Application of geographic information systems to the study of the
ecology of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases
SO Environmental Change and Malaria Risk: Global and Local Implications
SE WAGENINGEN UR FRONTIS SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Environmental Change and Malaria Risk
CY NOV, 2003
CL Wageningen, NETHERLANDS
SP Netherlands Fdn Adv Trop Res, Natl Programme Res Climate Change & Air Qual
DE geographic information systems; remote sensing; mosquitoes; malaria
ID TREATED BED NETS; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE COMPLEX; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WESTERN
KENYA; MALARIA TRANSMISSION; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; EARTH-OBSERVATION;
CHILD-MORTALITY; LARVAL HABITATS; VECTORS
AB Geographic information systems (GIS) are powerful computer mapping and analysis systems for studying spatial patterns and processes; they are applicable to numerous disciplines, including the study of mosquito ecology. The distribution of mosquitoes is largely dependent upon the spatial distribution of their larval breeding sites, their flight range and the spatial distribution of their preferred hosts. These are all heterogeneous in space and time and GIS therefore has many potential applications to the study of mosquitoes and the diseases they transmit. GIS may be used to map and analyse the spatial distribution of mosquitoes and to assess the ecological factors that contribute to observed distributions. A detailed understanding of what drives heterogeneities in the distribution of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases can help to design better, more efficient control programmes that maximize the use of limited resources.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Gimnig, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Mailstop F-22,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 1-4020-3927-1
J9 WAG UR FRON
PY 2005
VL 9
BP 27
EP 39
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA BEF97
UT WOS:000237173700004
ER
PT S
AU Boothe, V
Dimmick, WF
Talbot, TO
AF Boothe, V
Dimmick, WF
Talbot, TO
BE Aral, MM
Brebbia, CA
Maslia, ML
Sinks, T
TI Relating air quality and environmental public health tracking data
SO Environmental Exposure and Health
SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Environmental Exposure and Health
CY OCT 05-07, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Wessex Inst Technol, Georgia Tech, WIT Transact Ecol Environm
DE ozone; particulate matter; asthma; myocardial infarctions; case
cross-over; exposure assessment
ID CASE-CROSSOVER DESIGN; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; POLLUTION
AB Initiated in February 2004, the Public Health Air Surveillance Evaluation (PHASE) Project is a multi-disciplinary collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and three Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (EPHTN) state agencies. The objective of this project is to develop, evaluate, and demonstrate the advantages and limitations of different methods of generating air quality characterization data that could be systematically and routinely available to link with public health surveillance data as part of the Environmental Public Health Tracking Network.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Boothe, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1746-448X
BN 1-84564-029-2
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
PY 2005
VL 85
BP 43
EP 52
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA BEE01
UT WOS:000236906600005
ER
PT S
AU Evans, MW
AF Evans, MW
BE Aral, MM
Brebbia, CA
Maslia, ML
Sinks, T
TI A dose reconstruction of air emissions from the Oak Ridge Gaseous
Diffusion Plant, Oak Ridge TN, using historic air monitoring and
emission data
SO Environmental Exposure and Health
SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Environmental Exposure and Health
CY OCT 05-07, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Wessex Inst Technol, Georgia Tech, WIT Transact Ecol Environm
DE uranium hexafluoride; historic monitoring; dispersion modelling; dose
reconstruction; air emissions
AB As part of its mandated public health mission, ATSDR must determine whether historic air emissions from the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant represented a public health hazard to adjacent communities. ORGDP produced enriched uranium via gaseous or thermal diffusion of uranium hexafluoride (UF6; which undergoes rapid atmospheric transformation into hydrogen fluoride and uranium oxides). The dose reconstruction was accomplished using established air dispersion models and site-specific meteorological and historic air monitoring data to verify the use of both the modelling tools and the emission estimates. Air concentrations and doses to radionuclides were estimated using the standard air dispersion models. Meteorological data are from multiple weather years for two on-site stations. The Department of Energy has been collecting environmental measurements in soil, air, and water since at least 1953. Two stations adjacent to ORGDP were sampled for airborne gross alpha particulates since at least the mid-1960s. With some simplifying assumptions, there is good agreement between the historic gross alpha concentrations and those predicted from dispersion modelling. When combined with health-protective exposure assumptions, the estimated emission data and dispersed air concentrations provide a reliable basis for the public health determinations at this site.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Evans, MW (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1746-448X
BN 1-84564-029-2
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
PY 2005
VL 85
BP 139
EP 148
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA BEE01
UT WOS:000236906600016
ER
PT S
AU Maslia, ML
Aral, MM
AF Maslia, ML
Aral, MM
BE Aral, MM
Brebbia, CA
Maslia, ML
Sinks, T
TI Reconstructing historical contamination events: use of computational
tools to assist environmental engineers and health scientists
SO Environmental Exposure and Health
SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Environmental Exposure and Health
CY OCT 05-07, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Wessex Inst Technol, Georgia Tech, WIT Transact Ecol Environm
DE historical reconstruction; analytical models; probabilistic analysis;
ACTS; water-distribution system model; EPANET; genetic algorithm; POGA
ID EXPOSURE; SYSTEMS
AB The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) assesses numerous historical and legacy hazardous waste sites as part of its congressionally mandated public health responsibilities. Because historical, site-specific, contaminant and exposure data may be very limited or non-existent, computational tools (models) are needed to answer environmental and healthrelated questions associated with exposure scenarios and the conduct of public health assessments. This paper summarizes two case studies that demonstrate the effective application and use of computational tools for reconstructing historical contamination and exposure events. The case studies demonstrate the application of an analytical multimedia computational tool-the analytical contaminant analysis transport system (ACTS) and a water-distribution system model (EPANET) that has been coupled with a progressive optimality genetic algorithm (POGA). The resulting application and use of these computational tools have allowed environmental engineers and health scientists at the ATSDR to assess numerous exposure scenarios so that public health managers could address issues related to health risks associated with contaminated public water supplies. These case studies also illustrate the different levels of assessment complexity-probabilistic screening level to research-that can be used to assess the impacts of historical contamination events.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Maslia, ML (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1746-448X
BN 1-84564-029-2
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
PY 2005
VL 85
BP 175
EP 184
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA BEE01
UT WOS:000236906600019
ER
PT S
AU Ospina, M
Vesper, H
Meyers, T
Smith, A
Gray, G
Ingham, L
Myers, G
AF Ospina, M
Vesper, H
Meyers, T
Smith, A
Gray, G
Ingham, L
Myers, G
BE Aral, MM
Brebbia, CA
Maslia, ML
Sinks, T
TI A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis
of biomarkers of acrylamide exposure
SO ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE AND HEALTH
SE WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Environmental Exposure and Health
CY OCT 05-07, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Wessex Inst Technol, Georgia Tech, WIT Transact Ecol Environm
DE biomarkers of exposure; hemoglobin adducts; mass spectrometry
ID HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; CARCINOGEN; SMOKING
AB Acrylamide is a widely used industrial chemical. It has attracted attention since being found to occur in a variety of fried and oven-baked foods. Acrylamide is a known neurotoxin shown to be carcinogenic in animals. It is classified as a potential human carcinogen. Acrylamide and one of its main metabolites, glycidamide, form adducts with hemoglobin, which can be used as biomarkers of acrylamide exposure. More data are need to ascertain the effects of acrylamide on public health. Current methods have been designed to measure acrylamide in exposed people with high acrylamide biomarker concentrations. However, biomarker levels in the general population are significantly lower. Therefore, one critical aspect for measuring acrylamide in the general population is appropriate sensitivity of the instruments used. We performed systematic liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) studies to determine the optimal instrument conditions using commonly used techniques and newly developed LC/MS/MS conditions. Results from different ionization techniques and conditions show that the sensitivity can be increased sixfold using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization instead of electrospray ionization. Sensitivity was improved another tenfold by using a redesigned instrument. Using 50 mg globin, the detection limits for these hemoglobin adducts are 7 pmol/g globin for glycidamide adducts and 3 pmol/g globin for acrylamide adducts.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Ospina, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1743-3541
BN 1-84564-029-2
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
JI WIT Trans. Ecol. Environ.
PY 2005
VL 85
BP 187
EP 194
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA BEE01
UT WOS:000236906600020
ER
PT S
AU Vesper, HW
Ospina, M
Meyers, T
Smith, A
Ingham, L
Gray, G
Myers, GL
AF Vesper, HW
Ospina, M
Meyers, T
Smith, A
Ingham, L
Gray, G
Myers, GL
BE Aral, MM
Brebbia, CA
Maslia, ML
Sinks, T
TI Assessing human exposure to acrylamide
SO Environmental Exposure and Health
SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Environmental Exposure and Health
CY OCT 05-07, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Wessex Inst Technol, Georgia Tech, WIT Transact Ecol Environm
DE acrylamide; glycidamide; exposure assessment; hemoglobin adducts
ID HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; MAILLARD REACTION;
GLYCIDAMIDE; BIOMARKERS; ACRYLONITRILE; CARCINOGEN; WORKERS
AB Acrylamide is considered as probably carcinogenic to humans. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rates it as a Group 2A reagent. Therefore, human exposure to acrylamide in occupational settings has been of concern for a long time. Until recently, tobacco smoke was assumed to be the only major source of acrylamide exposure in the general population. Now, it is well established that acrylamide is formed in food during processing or cooking at high temperatures. Surveys showed that acrylamide can be found in most types of food, with highest amounts measured in French flies and potato chips. The concentrations found in some foods exceed the concentrations found for other environmental contaminants, such as pesticides.
The Division of Laboratory Sciences at CDC's National Center for Environmental Health, through a biomonitoring program project, is assessing people's exposure to this chemical. The goal is to better assess the magnitude and distribution of human exposure to acrylamide and risks associated with this exposure in the general population. Project researchers are measuring biomarkers of exposure such as hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and its primary metabolite glycidamide. First assessments show that biomarker levels mainly range between 27 pmol/g globin and 148 pmol/g globin for acrylamide and glycidamide adducts, respectively. Biomarker values in smokers are about 3 to 4 times higher than in non-smokers. An initial study looked at the effects of acrylamide in food on biomarkers of acrylamide exposure. Results indicate that acrylamide consumed through food has a more profound effect on glycidamide adduct levels than on acrylamide adduct levels. The acrylamide biomarker concentrations determined so far are within the range reported by other investigators. Smoking appears to be an important contributor to the background exposure found in people.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1746-448X
BN 1-84564-029-2
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
PY 2005
VL 85
BP 195
EP 203
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA BEE01
UT WOS:000236906600021
ER
PT S
AU Fay, M
AF Fay, M
BE Aral, MM
Brebbia, CA
Maslia, ML
Sinks, T
TI Exposure to contaminant mixtures at US hazardous waste sites
SO Environmental Exposure and Health
SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Environmental Exposure and Health
CY OCT 05-07, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Wessex Inst Technol, Georgia Tech, WIT Transact Ecol Environm
DE hazardous waste sites; exposure; contaminants; chemical mixtures;
combinations
AB The Chemical Mixtures Program of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) studied the frequency of exposure to chemical mixtures at hazardous waste sites (HWSs) in the United States by analyzing contaminants found in completed exposure pathways (CEPs). CEPs are documented pathways in which exposure likely occurred. Data from 1,706 HWSs reveal that CEPs occurred at 743 (44%) of the sites. Of these, 588 sites had two or more substances in a CEP. Thus, exposure to mixtures occurred at 79% of the sites with exposure (588/743). However, sites often have more than 1 pathway, and pathways with a single contaminant are common. The number of exposure pathways with two or more chemicals is estimated to be approximately half of all CEPs. This estimate does not include exposure by multiple pathways, so the extent of exposure to mixtures might be higher than the estimate. Further analysis revealed that exposure to simple mixtures consisting of 3, 4, and 5 components occurred at 475, 390, and 321 sites, respectively. Although 2 chemicals constitute a mixture, 64% of the 743 sites had 3 chemicals in a CEP, 52% had 4 chemicals in a CEP, and 43% had 5 chemicals in a CEP. Exposure to mixtures by specific media was as follows: water, 413 sites; soil, 255 sites; air, 113 sites; and biota (mainly fish), 53 sites. Overall, water pathways had mixtures more often for lower numbers of chemicals (2 to 8 chemicals), but the number of sites with mixtures in soil pathways surpassed the counts for water at (and above) 9 chemicals in the mixture. The maximum number of chemicals in a CEP was 62. In conclusion, about four-fifths of U.S. HWSs with exposure pathways have chemical mixtures in a CEP, and, more importantly, about half of CEPs have a chemical mixture. Thus, exposure to mixtures of chemicals is quite common at HWSs.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Fay, M (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1746-448X
BN 1-84564-029-2
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
PY 2005
VL 85
BP 227
EP 231
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA BEE01
UT WOS:000236906600024
ER
PT S
AU Williamson, DM
White, MC
Poole, C
Kleinbaum, D
Vogt, R
North, K
AF Williamson, DM
White, MC
Poole, C
Kleinbaum, D
Vogt, R
North, K
BE Aral, MM
Brebbia, CA
Maslia, ML
Sinks, T
TI Distribution of immunoglobulins A, G and M among individuals living in
communities potentially exposed to low-level environmental exposures
SO Environmental Exposure and Health
SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Environmental Exposure and Health
CY OCT 05-07, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Wessex Inst Technol, Georgia Tech, WIT Transact Ecol Environm
DE immunoglobulin; environmental exposures; Superfund; community concerns
AB Communities living near hazardous waste sites are concerned about what impact releases from these sites are having on their health. Although little is known about how the immune system is affected by exposure to hazardous substances at the low levels typically seen with environmental exposures, it has been postulated that living near a hazardous waste site can damage the immune system although these effects have rarely been studied. The purpose of this study is to re-evaluate immunoglobulin A, G and M levels from six cross-sectional studies conducted in the United States to determine whether individuals who live near several Superfund sites are more likely to have test results below or above the reference range than individuals who live in comparison areas with no Superfund site.
The results indicate that: 1) individuals who live near a Superfund site were more likely to have IgA test results above the reference range than comparison area residents; 2) that individuals living closer to military bases were less likely to have IgA test results below the reference range than individuals who lived in the comparison neighborhood; and 3) residents who lived near the industrial complex in Kentucky with potential ambient air exposure to heavy metals and other chemicals were more likely to have IgG test results above the reference range than comparison area residents. Because the reference ranges used for this analysis were age- and sex-adjusted, the observed variability in immunoglobulin results is unlikely to be due to residual confounding by age and sex.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Williamson, DM (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1746-448X
BN 1-84564-029-2
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
PY 2005
VL 85
BP 241
EP 247
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA BEE01
UT WOS:000236906600026
ER
PT S
AU Charp, P
Hanley, J
AF Charp, P
Hanley, J
BE Aral, MM
Brebbia, CA
Maslia, ML
Sinks, T
TI Justification for soil sampling for Iodine-129 associated with the
release of Iodine-131 from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory
SO Environmental Exposure and Health
SE WIT TRANSACTIONS ON ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Environmental Exposure and Health
CY OCT 05-07, 2005
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Wessex Inst Technol, Georgia Tech, WIT Transact Ecol Environm
DE soil sampling; Iodine-131; Iodine-129; air modelling; thyroid
ID SURFACE SOILS; THYROIDS; DEER; ANIMALS; CS-137
AB We will discuss the evaluation of air monitoring data and deer thyroid data related to radioactive iodine releases from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The radioactive iodines, estimated at 1.55 petaBecquerels (42,000 Curies) were released during chemical processing of nuclear reactor fuel rods during a procedure called RaLa. The RaLa process was designed to isolate and concentrate radioactive lanthanium used for early nuclear weapon design. The monitoring data were derived from air sampling locations in and around ORNL collected in the 1950s. Our evaluation suggests that atmospheric dispersion of Iodine-131 did not extend beyond ORNL site boundaries; thereby limiting human exposures. The dose reconstruction effort by the state of Tennessee that shows radioiodine-related thyroid doses over a 37 kilometer radius. The dose reconstruction effort was predominated by modeling efforts and includes many associated uncertainties. Among these included scrubber efficiencies, chemical forms of the iodine released, air dispersion models, and fate and transport of the iodines. Moreover, these uncertainties contribute to a typical thyroid dose 95% confidence interval covering 2 orders of magnitude. Because of these uncertainties and its potential impact on public health, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) believes that environmental soil sampling could help better identify the impacted area. In support of the soil sampling, we will discuss how the current but unknown Iodine-129 concentrations in soils can be used as a long-term retroactive surrogate for the dispersion of iodine.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Charp, P (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON S04 2AA, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1746-448X
BN 1-84564-029-2
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
PY 2005
VL 85
BP 439
EP 446
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA BEE01
UT WOS:000236906600045
ER
PT J
AU Noji, EK
AF Noji, EK
TI Disasters: Introduction and state of the art
SO EPIDEMIOLOGIC REVIEWS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CLUSTER-SAMPLING METHOD; NEEDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY
C1 CDC, Washington Off, Washington, DC 20201 USA.
RP Noji, EK (reprint author), CDC, Washington Off, 200 Independence Ave SW,Room 719-B, Washington, DC 20201 USA.
EM exn1@cdc.gov
NR 26
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0193-936X
J9 EPIDEMIOL REV
JI Epidemiol. Rev.
PY 2005
VL 27
BP 3
EP 8
DI 10.1093/epirev/mxi007
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 939KR
UT WOS:000230072100002
PM 15958421
ER
PT J
AU Sommer, A
Mosley, WH
AF Sommer, A
Mosley, WH
TI East Bengal cyclone of November 1970 - Epidemiological approach to
disaster assessment
SO EPIDEMIOLOGIC REVIEWS
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 Ctr Dis Control, US Publ Hlth Serv, Program Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Cholera Res Lab, Div Epidemiol, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
RP Sommer, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, US Publ Hlth Serv, Program Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0193-936X
J9 EPIDEMIOL REV
JI Epidemiol. Rev.
PY 2005
VL 27
BP 13
EP 20
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 939KR
UT WOS:000230072100004
PM 15958423
ER
PT J
AU Shultz, JM
Russell, J
Espinel, Z
AF Shultz, JM
Russell, J
Espinel, Z
TI Epidemiology of tropical cyclones: The dynamics of disaster, disease,
and development
SO EPIDEMIOLOGIC REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; DIFFERENT MEDICAL NEEDS;
HURRICANE-ANDREW; NATURAL DISASTERS; PUERTO-RICO; PSYCHOLOGICAL
DISTRESS; FLOOD DISASTER; MORBIDITY; CHILDREN; DEATHS
C1 Univ Miami, Sch Med, Ctr Disaster Epidemiol & Emergency Preparedness, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Shultz, JM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Sch Med, Ctr Disaster Epidemiol & Emergency Preparedness, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Highland Profess Bldg D-93,1801 NW 9th Ave, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
EM jshultz1@med.miami.edu
NR 152
TC 88
Z9 91
U1 4
U2 11
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0193-936X
J9 EPIDEMIOL REV
JI Epidemiol. Rev.
PY 2005
VL 27
BP 21
EP 35
DI 10.1093/epirev/mxi011
PG 15
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 939KR
UT WOS:000230072100005
PM 15958424
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, JL
Waller, DK
Canfield, MA
Shaw, GM
Watkins, ML
Werler, MM
AF Anderson, JL
Waller, DK
Canfield, MA
Shaw, GM
Watkins, ML
Werler, MM
TI Maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, and central nervous system birth
defects
SO EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; EARLY-PREGNANCY;
EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; RISK; MALFORMATIONS; MELLITUS;
MOTHERS; WOMEN
AB Background: Maternal obesity and diabetes are both associated with increased risk of congenital central nervous system (CNS) malformations in the offspring and may share a common underlying mechanism. Our objective was to evaluate whether gestational diabetes influenced the association of prepregnancy maternal obesity and risks for CNS birth defects.
Methods: This Texas population-based case-control study evaluated births occurring January 1997 through June 2001. Data came from structured telephone interviews. Cases (n = 477) were mothers of offspring with anencephaly (n = 120), spina bifida (n = 184), holoprosencephaly (n = 49), or isolated hydrocephaly (n = 124). Controls (n = 497) were mothers of live infants without abnormalities randomly selected from the same hospitals as cases. Response rates were approximately 60% for both cases and controls. We evaluated maternal obesity (body mass index greater than or equal to30.0 kg/m(2)) and risks for CNS birth defects, as well as whether gestational diabetes influenced the risks.
Results: After adjusting for maternal ethnicity, age, education, smoking, alcohol use, and periconceptional vitamin use, obese women had substantially increased risks of delivering offspring with anencephaly (odds ratio = 2.3; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-4.3), spina bifida (2.8; 1.7-4.5), or isolated hydrocephaly (2.7; 1.5-5.0), but not holoprosencephaly (1.4; 0.5-3.8). Odds ratios were higher for the joint effects of maternal obesity and gestational diabetes, with evidence for interaction on a multiplicative scale.
Conclusions: Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes may increase the risk of CNS birth defects through shared causal mechanisms.
C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA.
Texas Dept Hlth, Texas Birth Defects Monitoring Div, Bur Epidemiol, Austin, TX 78756 USA.
Calif Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Oakland, CA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA.
Boston Univ, Sch Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Slone Epidemiol Unit, Brookline, MA 02146 USA.
RP Anderson, JL (reprint author), E Tennessee State Univ, Coll Publ & Allied Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Box 70674, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA.
EM andersjl@etsu.edu
OI Werler, Martha/0000-0003-3392-6814
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU613232]
NR 35
TC 99
Z9 104
U1 0
U2 5
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1044-3983
J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY
JI Epidemiology
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 16
IS 1
BP 87
EP 92
DI 10.1097/01.ede.0000147122.97061.bb
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 884JA
UT WOS:000226079600013
PM 15613950
ER
PT J
AU Nicoletti, A
Bartoloni, A
Sofia, V
Bartalesi, F
Chavez, JR
Osinaga, R
Paradisi, F
Dumas, JL
Tsang, VCW
Reggio, A
Hall, AJ
AF Nicoletti, A
Bartoloni, A
Sofia, V
Bartalesi, F
Chavez, JR
Osinaga, R
Paradisi, F
Dumas, JL
Tsang, VCW
Reggio, A
Hall, AJ
TI Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in rural Bolivia: A population based
survey
SO EPILEPSIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 26th International Epilepsy Congress
CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2005
CL Paris, FRANCE
SP Int League Against Epilepsy, Int Bureau Epilepsy
C1 Univ Catania, Dept Neurosci, I-95124 Catania, Italy.
Univ Florence, Inst Infect Dis, Florence, Italy.
Hlth Dist Cordillera Province, Camiri, Bolivia.
Hosp San Juan Dios, Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
Univ Paris, Hop Avicenne, Paris, France.
Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0013-9580
J9 EPILEPSIA
JI Epilepsia
PY 2005
VL 46
SU 6
BP 215
EP 216
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 964MN
UT WOS:000231885301087
ER
PT J
AU Tian, H
Bagiella, E
Hauser, WA
Thurman, D
Hesdorffer, D
AF Tian, H
Bagiella, E
Hauser, WA
Thurman, D
Hesdorffer, D
TI Estimating the prevalence of epilepsy in northern Manhattan and use of
the ED in prevalent epilepsy
SO EPILEPSIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Joint Annual Meeting of the
American-Epilepsy-Society/American-Clinical-Neurophsiology-Society
CY DEC 02-06, 2005
CL Washington, DC
SP Amer Epilepsy Soc, Amer Clin Neurophysiol Soc
C1 Columbia Univ, Dept Biostat, New York, NY USA.
Columbia Univ, Sergievsky Ctr, New York, NY USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0013-9580
J9 EPILEPSIA
JI Epilepsia
PY 2005
VL 46
SU 8
BP 364
EP 364
PG 1
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 973RK
UT WOS:000232540101445
ER
PT J
AU Mahy, BWJ
AF Mahy, BWJ
TI Introduction and history of foot-and-mouth disease virus
SO FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS
SE CURRENT TOPICS IN MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID UK
AB Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has been recognized as a significant epidemic disease threatening the cattle industry since the sixteenth century, and in the late nineteenth century it was shown by Loeffler and Frosch to be caused by a submicroscopic, filterable transmissible agent, smaller than any known bacteria. The agent causing FMD was thus the first virus of vertebrates to be discovered, soon after the discovery of tobacco mosaic virus of plants. It was not until 1920 that a convenient animal model for the study of FMD virus was established by Waldmann and Pape, using guinea-pigs, and with the later development of in vitro cell culture systems for the virus, the chemical and physical properties of FMD virus were elucidated during the remainder of the twentieth century, culminating in 1989 with a complete description of the three-dimensional structure of the virion. FMD virus is classified as a species in the Aphthovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae. The virus is acid labile, and the genome RNA contains a characteristic tract of polyC located about 360 nucleotides from the 5' terminus. Seven main serotypes exist throughout the world, as well as numerous subtypes. The World Reference Laboratory for FMD is located at Pirbright, Surrey, UK and undertakes surveillance of FMD epidemics by serotyping as well as by genotyping isolates of the virus. A major epidemic of FMD occurred in the UK in 2001 and was caused by a virulent strain of FMD virus with origins in Asia. The advantages and some disadvantages of controlling FMD outbreaks by vaccination are discussed.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Mahy, BWJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
EM bxm1@cdc.gov
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0070-217X
J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL
JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol.
PY 2005
VL 288
BP 1
EP 8
PG 8
WC Immunology; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Microbiology
GA BBV51
UT WOS:000228029600001
PM 15648172
ER
PT J
AU Gwinn, MR
Leonard, SS
Pack, DL
Vallyathan, V
AF Gwinn, MR
Leonard, SS
Pack, DL
Vallyathan, V
TI The role of p53 in silica-induced carcinogenicity
SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 12th Annual Meeting Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicine
CY NOV 16-20, 2005
CL Austin, TX
SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med
C1 CDC, NIOSH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0891-5849
J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED
JI Free Radic. Biol. Med.
PY 2005
VL 39
SU 1
BP S72
EP S72
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 985VL
UT WOS:000233406700200
ER
PT B
AU Crawford, CAG
Young, LJ
AF Crawford, CAG
Young, LJ
BE Renard, P
DemougeotRenard, H
Froidevaux, R
TI Change of support: an inter-disciplinary challenge
SO GEOSTATISTICS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th European Conference on Geostatistics for Environmental Applications
CY OCT 13-15, 2004
CL Neuchatel, SWITZERLAND
SP Swiss Fed Stat Off, Swiss Fed Off Water & Geol, Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Univ Neuchatel, Univ Neuchatel, Ctr Hydrogeol, Banque Cantonale Neuchateloise, NCCR Plant Survival
ID INTERPOLATION
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Crawford, CAG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 3-540-26533-3
PY 2005
BP 1
EP 13
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geology; Statistics & Probability; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Mathematics; Water Resources
GA BDB87
UT WOS:000232413500001
ER
PT J
AU Sejvar, J
Boneva, R
Lane, JM
Iskander, J
AF Sejvar, J
Boneva, R
Lane, JM
Iskander, J
TI Severe headaches following smallpox vaccination
SO HEADACHE
LA English
DT Article
DE headache; smallpox vaccination; adverse events
AB Headaches are common following smallpox vaccination; the re-introduction of civilian vaccination necessitates better understanding of the clinical features and outcome of postvaccination headache. We identified patients reporting headache following vaccination from among those reported to the U. S. Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System to characterize demographic and clinical features. One-hundred and eight reports were obtained from among 627 smallpox vaccine-related reports, including 15 hospitalized persons. None had neurologic dysfunction or acute laboratory abnormalities; headache resolved in all except 2 hospitalized patients within 3 months. Severe headache following smallpox vaccination is generally transient, but debilitating headache may occur and further characterization is needed.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV STD & TB Lab Res, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Sejvar, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-39, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 3
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC
PI MALDEN
PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA
SN 0017-8748
J9 HEADACHE
JI Headache
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 1
BP 87
EP 88
DI 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2005.t01-5-05013.x
PG 2
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 882QK
UT WOS:000225953200017
PM 15663622
ER
PT J
AU Iloeje, UH
Yuan, Y
L'Italien, G
Mauskopf, J
Holmberg, SD
Moorman, AC
Wood, KC
Moore, RD
AF Iloeje, UH
Yuan, Y
L'Italien, G
Mauskopf, J
Holmberg, SD
Moorman, AC
Wood, KC
Moore, RD
TI Protease inhibitor exposure and increased risk of cardiovascular disease
in HIV-infected patients
SO HIV MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE antiretroviral therapy; cardiovascular disease; HAART; protease
inhibitors; treatment complications
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ANTIRETROVIRAL
THERAPY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DEATH; TRENDS; DYSLIPIDEMIA;
CHOLESTEROL; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY
AB Objectives To study the relationship between exposure to protease inhibitor (PI) therapy and increased risk of cardiovascular events in HIV-infected patients.
Methods We estimated the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events with PI exposure in a cohort of HIV-infected patients using a time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for the major CVD risk factors. Only the first CVD event for each subject was counted.
Results Of a total of 7542 patients, 77% were exposed to Pls. CVD event rates were 9.8/1000 and 6.5/1000 person-years of follow-up (PYFU) in the PI-exposed and nonexposed groups, respectively (P = 0.0008). PI exposure greater than or equal to 60 days was associated with an increased risk of CVD event [adjusted hazards ratio (HRadj) 1.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-2.74; P = 0.03]. Results from a subgroup of patients aged between 35 and 65 years were similar (HRadj 1.90; 95% CI 1.13-3.20; P = 0.02). Other significant risk factors included smoking status, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and pre-existing CVD.
Conclusions Patients exposed to PI therapy had an increased risk of CVD events. Clinicians should evaluate the risk of CVD when making treatment decisions for HIV-infected patients.
C1 Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Pharmaceut Res Inst, Wallingford, CT 06492 USA.
Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Pharmaceut Res Inst, Plainsboro, NJ USA.
Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Cerner Corp, Vienna, Austria.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Iloeje, UH (reprint author), 5 Res Pkwy,Room EF 469, Wallingford, CT 06492 USA.
EM Uchenna.iloeje@bms.com
NR 32
TC 72
Z9 75
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1464-2662
J9 HIV MED
JI HIV Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 6
IS 1
BP 37
EP 44
DI 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2005.00265.x
PG 8
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 898CK
UT WOS:000227053400007
PM 15670251
ER
PT J
AU Louis, GMB
Schisterman, EF
Dukic, VM
Schieve, LA
AF Louis, GMB
Schisterman, EF
Dukic, VM
Schieve, LA
TI Research hurdles complicating the analysis of infertility treatment and
child health
SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE assisted reproductive technologies; child health; correlated outcomes;
design; hierarchical models
ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY;
TIME-TO-PREGNANCY; LONG-TERM RECALL; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS;
UNITED-STATES; INVITRO FERTILIZATION; MULTIPLE GESTATION; FOLLOW-UP;
BORN
AB Research aimed at the empirical evaluation of infertility treatment including assisted reproductive technologies (ART) on child health and development is hampered by investigators' inability to methodologically separate possible treatment effects from underlying fecundity impairments. While the literature continues to identify ART as a risk factor for many child health outcomes, less attention has been paid to the methodologic rigor needed to answer this question. We identify aspects of fecundity and the nuances of medical practice that need to be considered and captured when designing epidemiologic investigations aimed at assessing ART and child health. These include: (i) the use of prospective study designs in which the unit of analysis (cycle versus individual versus couple) is defined; (ii) data collection on relevant time-varying covariates at, before and during treatment; and (iii) the use of statistical techniques appropriate for hierarchical data and correlated exposures. While none of these issues in and by itself is unique to ART research, attention to these issues has been lacking in much of the published research limiting our ability to evaluate health consequences for children. Longitudinal studies of children conceived with ART will benefit from attention to these issues and, hopefully, produce answers to lingering questions about safety.
C1 NICHHD, Epidemiol Branch, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Dept Hlth & Human Serv,NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Hlth Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Louis, GMB (reprint author), NICHHD, Epidemiol Branch, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Dept Hlth & Human Serv,NIH, 6100 Execut Blvd,Room 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM gb156i@nih.gov
OI Dukic, Vanja/0000-0002-0348-0834; Schisterman,
Enrique/0000-0003-3757-641X; Buck Louis, Germaine/0000-0002-1774-4490
NR 54
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0268-1161
J9 HUM REPROD
JI Hum. Reprod.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 20
IS 1
BP 12
EP 18
DI 10.1093/humrep/deh542
PG 7
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology
GA 886AP
UT WOS:000226199000004
ER
PT J
AU Schmechel, D
Simpson, JP
Lewis, DM
AF Schmechel, D
Simpson, JP
Lewis, DM
TI The production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the
fungus Aspergillus versicolor
SO INDOOR AIR
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 9th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate (Indoor
Air 2002)
CY JUN 30-JUL 05, 2002
CL Monterey, CA
SP Swedish Assoc Asthma & Allergy
DE monoclonal antibodies; fungi; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays;
Aspergillus; exposure measurements
ID INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS; HYDROPHOBINS; IMMUNIZATION; ALLERGENS; COMPLEX
AB Fungal exposure measurements in indoor environments require accurate and precise monitoring methods. Such techniques may be based on monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and here we report the cross-reactivity patterns of Mabs produced against Aspergillus versicolor. Balb/c mice were immunized with the particulate fraction of homogenized spores and 46 Mabs (35 IgM, nine IgG(3), two IgG(1)) were produced and tested for cross-reactivity against 55 fungal species. None of the Mabs was found to be species-specific for A. versicolor. Several Mabs strongly cross-reacted with most Aspergillus, Penicillium and Eurotium species and some Mabs also cross-reacted with Paecilomyces variotii and several Cladosporium and Stachybotrys species. Our results show that antibody responses in mice against spores of A. versicolor are dominated by highly cross-reactive antibodies of the IgM isotype. The widespread cross-reactivity suggests that the specificity of antibodies to be used for the detection of fungi in environmental samples need to be thoroughly characterized in order to avoid ambiguities in the interpretation of monitoring results. Furthermore, accurate estimates of spore concentrations may require the application of species-specific Mabs in order to avoid bias in result interpretation because of the differential reactivity of cross-reactive Mabs with different fungi.
C1 NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Schmechel, D (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd,M-S H-4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM dschmechel@cdc.gov
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0905-6947
J9 INDOOR AIR
JI Indoor Air
PY 2005
VL 15
SU 9
BP 11
EP 19
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2005.00340.x
PG 9
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public,
Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental &
Occupational Health
GA 937QM
UT WOS:000229940600003
PM 15910525
ER
PT J
AU Nakata, A
Ikeda, T
Takahashi, M
Haratani, T
Fujioka, Y
Fukui, S
Swanson, NG
Hojou, M
Araki, S
AF Nakata, A
Ikeda, T
Takahashi, M
Haratani, T
Fujioka, Y
Fukui, S
Swanson, NG
Hojou, M
Araki, S
TI Sleep-related risk of occupational injuries in Japanese small and
medium-scale enterprises
SO INDUSTRIAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE sleep; occupational injury; safety; small and medium-scale enterprise;
epidemiology
ID JOB STRESS; MANUFACTURING COMPANY; WORKING POPULATION;
GENDER-DIFFERENCES; POOR SLEEP; WORKERS; ACCIDENTS; INSOMNIA; AGE;
PREVALENCE
AB A cross-sectional study evaluated the contribution of daily sleep habits to occupational injuries. A self-administered questionnaire solicited answers about sleep, symptoms of depression, occupational injury, demographics, presence of diseases and lifestyle factors from 2,903 workers between the ages of 16-83 (mean 45) yr in small and medium-scale enterprises. Eight sleep habits were queried and dichotomized: 1) less or more than 6 hr of daily sleep, 2) taking more or less than 30 min to fall asleep (Difficulty initiating sleep; DIS), 3) awakening during sleep more or less than 3 times/wk (Difficulty maintaining sleep; DMS), 4) early morning awakening more or less than 3 times/wk (EMA), 5) definitely/somewhat difficulty waking up or not, 6) sleeping very poorly/not so well at night or not, 7) definitely/somewhat insufficient nightly sleep or not, and 8) difficulty in breathing during sleep more than once/week or less. Occupational injury was assessed by asking subjects 'Have you ever been injured during your work, including minor scratches and cuts (Yes/No)?' Both sleep and injury were assessed over the previous one year period. One-third of workers answered that they had experienced injury. Workers with sleep features of DIS, sleeping poorly at night, insufficient sleep, and insomnia had a significantly higher prevalence for injury after adjusting for multiple confounders. The findings suggest that poor nocturnal sleep habits are associated with self-reported occupational injury.
C1 Natl Inst Ind Hlth, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Ibaraki Prefectural Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing, Sch Hlth Sci, Ibaraki, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Occupat Med, Tokyo, Japan.
Tokyo Gakugei Univ, Dept Educ Psychol, Tokyo, Japan.
Ota Reg Occupat Hlth Ctr, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Nakata, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Ind Hlth, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
RI Nakata, Akinori/A-2399-2008
NR 49
TC 46
Z9 50
U1 1
U2 5
PU NATL INST INDUSTRIAL HEALTH
PI KAWASAKI KANAGAWA
PA 21-1 NAGAO 6-CHOME TAMA-KU, KAWASAKI KANAGAWA, 214, JAPAN
SN 0019-8366
J9 IND HEALTH
JI Ind. Health
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 1
BP 89
EP 97
DI 10.2486/indhealth.43.89
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 891YH
UT WOS:000226616400015
PM 15732310
ER
PT J
AU Darko, CA
Angov, E
Collins, WE
Bergmann-Leitner, ES
Girouard, AS
Hitt, SL
McBride, JS
Diggs, CL
Holder, AA
Long, CA
Barnwell, JW
Lyon, JA
AF Darko, CA
Angov, E
Collins, WE
Bergmann-Leitner, ES
Girouard, AS
Hitt, SL
McBride, JS
Diggs, CL
Holder, AA
Long, CA
Barnwell, JW
Lyon, JA
TI The clinical-grade 42-kilodalton fragment of merozoite surface protein 1
of Plasmodium falciparum strain FVO expressed in Escherichia coli
protects Aotus nancymai against challenge with homologous
erythrocytic-stage parasites
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID C-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; MALARIA VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY;
IN-VITRO; CRITICAL PATH; MONKEYS; INVASION; INHIBIT; GROWTH;
IMMUNIZATION
AB A 42-kDa fragment from the C terminus of major merozoite surface protein 1 (MSPI) is among the leading malaria vaccine candidates that target infection by asexual erythrocytic-stage malaria parasites. The MSP1(42) gene fragment from the Vietnam-Oak Knoll (FVO) strain of Plasmodium falciparum was expressed as a soluble protein in Escherichia coli and purified according to good manufacturing practices. This clinical-grade recombinant protein retained some important elements of correct structure, as it was reactive with several functional, conformation-dependent monoclonal antibodies raised against P. falciparum malaria parasites, it induced antibodies (Abs) that were reactive to parasites in immunofluorescent Ab tests, and it induced strong growth and invasion inhibitory antisera in New Zealand White rabbits. The antigen quality was further evaluated by vaccinating Aotus naneymai monkeys and challenging them with homologous P. falciparum FVO erythrocytic-stage malaria parasites. The trial included two control groups, one vaccinated with the sexual-stage-specific antigen of Plasmodium vivax, Pvs25, as a negative control, and the other vaccinated with baculovirus-expressed MSPI,, (FVO) as a positive control. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Ab titers induced by E. coli MSP1(42) were significantly higher than those induced by the baculovirus-expressed antigen. None of the six monkeys that were vaccinated with the E. coli MSPI,, antigen required treatment for uncontrolled parasitemia, but two required treatment for anemia. Protective immunity in these monkeys correlated with the ELISA Ab titer against the p19 fragment and the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain 2 fragment of MSP1(42), but not the MSP1(42) protein itself or the EGF-like domain 1 fragment. Soluble MSP1(42) (FVO) expressed in E. coli offers excellent promise as a component of a vaccine against erythrocytic-stage falciparum malaria.
C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
NIAID, Malaria Vaccine Dev Unit, NIH, Rockville, MD USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Chamblee, GA USA.
US Agcy Int Dev, USAID Malaria Vaccine Dev Program, Washington, DC 20523 USA.
Univ Edinburgh, Sch Biol Sci, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland.
Natl Inst Med Res, Div Parasitol, London NW7 1AA, England.
RP Angov, E (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Evelina.angov@na.amedd.army.mil
RI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011; Holder, Anthony/A-7554-2013
OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956; Holder,
Anthony/0000-0002-8490-6058
FU Medical Research Council [MC_U117532067]; NIAID NIH HHS [YIAI-0438-03];
NIDCD NIH HHS [CDC C100-042]
NR 41
TC 80
Z9 82
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0019-9567
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 73
IS 1
BP 287
EP 297
DI 10.1128/IAI.73.1.287-297.2004
PG 11
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 883TD
UT WOS:000226037700029
PM 15618165
ER
PT J
AU Broadwell, SD
Light, KC
AF Broadwell, SD
Light, KC
TI Hostility, conflict and cardiovascular responses in married couples: A
focus on the dyad
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE marital relationship; blood pressure; cardiac index; vascular
resistance; social support; hostility; stress
ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; AMBULATORY BLOOD-PRESSURE; LEFT-VENTRICULAR
MASS; CYNICAL HOSTILITY; MARITAL CONFLICT; HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSES;
SELF-DISCLOSURE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; REACTIVITY; MEN
AB This study examined the relations of one's own total trait hostility and one's spouse's hostility as influences on cardiovascular (CV) responses to couple interactions (including conflict discussions) in 45 married couples aged 24-50. Systolic blood pressure and cardiac index (CI) reactivity to conflict discussion and recovery after conflict was greater in low hostile males if they were interacting with high hostile wives (p <.02). Vascular resistance index (VRI) reactivity to interactions was greater in high hostile husbands with high hostile wives (p <. 05). Women showed no adverse CV effects of having a hostile spouse when their own hostility was low. Instead, seeming to anticipate the subsequent couple interactions, wives from duos in which both partners were high in hostility had higher baseline VRI levels and lower baseline CI compared to wives from duos in which both were low in hostility (ps <.05), and they simply maintained these group differences with no greater CV reactivity during the interactions. Findings suggest that CV responses before, during, and after marital discussions, particularly those characterized by conflict, may be influenced not only by one's own hostility but by the hostility of one's partner as well.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Prevent Res Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Light, KC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychiat, CB 7175 Med Bldg A, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM kalight@med.unc.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00046]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL64927]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH10586]
NR 71
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1070-5503
J9 INT J BEHAV MED
JI Int. J. Behav. Med.
PY 2005
VL 12
IS 3
BP 142
EP 152
DI 10.1207/s15327558ijbm1203_3
PG 11
WC Psychology, Clinical
SC Psychology
GA 957JO
UT WOS:000231366300003
PM 16083317
ER
PT J
AU Kochanek, KD
Martin, JA
AF Kochanek, KD
Martin, JA
TI Supplemental analyses of recent trends in infant mortality
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES
LA English
DT Article
ID PREMATURE RUPTURE; MEMBRANES; INDUCTION; VIABILITY; LABOR
AB U.S. preliminary data for 2002 show a significant increase in the infant mortality rate to 7.0 infant deaths per 1,000 live births, the first rise in the infant mortality rate since 1958. The increase in infant mortality was concentrated in the neonatal period, particularly in deaths occurring within seven days of birth. Partially edited fetal death data suggest that the increase in neonatal mortality was accompanied by a decline in the late fetal mortality rate, and thus it appears that the 2002 perinatal mortality rate will remain level. Potential explanatory factors for the changes in the infant mortality rate are examined, including causes of infant death, percentage of births that are preterm, and low birthweight. Data from the 2002 linked birth and infant death file will allow an assessment of the contribution of maternal and infant factors such as multiple births and management of labor and delivery.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
RP Kochanek, KD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 7318, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
EM kdk2@cdc.gov
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU BAYWOOD PUBL CO INC
PI AMITYVILLE
PA 26 AUSTIN AVE, AMITYVILLE, NY 11701 USA
SN 0020-7314
J9 INT J HEALTH SERV
JI Int. J. Health Serv.
PY 2005
VL 35
IS 1
BP 101
EP 115
DI 10.2190/GR22-P1N5-0U7W-NUDV
PG 15
WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services
SC Health Care Sciences & Services
GA 903UH
UT WOS:000227450600005
PM 15759559
ER
PT J
AU Pirkle, JL
Osterloh, J
Needham, LL
Sampson, EJ
AF Pirkle, JL
Osterloh, J
Needham, LL
Sampson, EJ
TI National exposure measurements for decisions to protect public health
from environmental exposures
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE biomonitoring; public health; chemical exposures
ID US POPULATION; LEAD
AB Protecting public health from environmental exposures requires four steps: detection of exposures known or expected to cause disease, assessment of health risk from exposure, implementation of an exposure intervention, and assurance that the exposure intervention is effective. To prioritize efforts in these four areas one must consider the size of the population affected, the seriousness of health effects, and the availability of cost-effective exposure interventions. Population exposure data is critical to each of these steps for protecting health. Biomonitoring data for the US population is now available to assist public health scientists and physicians in preventing disease from environmental exposures, and it complements that available for levels of chemicals in environmental media. The Second National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals provides for the US population serum, blood and urine levels for 116 environmental chemicals over the years 1999 and 2000, with separate analyses by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. This national exposure information identifies which chemicals get into Americans in measurable quantities; determines whether exposure levels are higher among population subgroups; determines how many Americans have levels of chemicals above recognized health threshold levels (for chemicals with such threshold levels); establishes reference ranges that define general population exposure so unusual exposures can be recognized; assesses the effectiveness of public health efforts to reduce population exposure to selected chemicals; and tracks over time trends in US population exposure. Blood lead measurements in the population were important in identifying lead in gasoline as a significant source of human lead exposure and documenting the reduction in blood lead levels in the population as a result of removing lead from gasoline and other products in the United States. Serum cotinine levels in the early 1990s found more widespread exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the United States than previously thought and additional measurements in 1999 and 2000 documented major declines in exposure to ETS as a result of public health actions in the 1990s.
A new biomonitoring assessment of the exposure of the US population will be released every 2 years as the "National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals." These reports will include the current 116 chemicals and new chemicals added to monitor priority exposures of the population. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Serv, Natl Ctr Environ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Pirkle, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Serv, Natl Ctr Environ Hlth, Mail Stop F-20 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM JPirkle@cdc.gov
RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011
NR 12
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 7
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 5
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.001
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400001
PM 15881972
ER
PT J
AU Ashizawa, AE
Hicks, HE
De Rosa, CT
AF Ashizawa, AE
Hicks, HE
De Rosa, CT
TI Human health research and policy development: experience in the Great
Lakes region
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE fish consumption; Great Lakes sport fish; human health; mercury; policy
development; polychlorinated biphenyls; PCB
ID SERUM PCB CONCENTRATIONS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; FISH CONSUMPTION;
SPORT FISH; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; IN-UTERO; CHILDREN; CONSUMERS;
METHYLMERCURY; PERFORMANCE
AB As a direct outgrowth of industrial and agricultural activities, the quality of the Great Lakes ecosystem has declined significantly because of toxic substances in the water, eutrophication, overfishing, and invasive species that have been introduced into the waterways. Although measures have been adopted to restore the health of the ecosystem, contamination of Great Lakes sport fish continues arising from conditions that still prevail, but on a more limited scale. As a consequence, the Great Lakes states have issued guidelines for the public in the form of health advisories for fish consumption to encourage practices that will minimize exposure to contaminants found in Great Lakes sport fish. Scientific research has strongly influenced many policy decisions, including the development of laws, rules, and guidelines applicable to public health not only in regard to fish advisories but also other issues impacting human health.
This paper proposes to outline how policy has been influenced by scientific findings and the far-reaching effect that these decisions have had on the health status of the public in the Great Lakes area and its potential for influencing the nation as a whole and our global neighbors.
Within the Great Lakes basin, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and mercury are the subject of the greatest number of fish advisories. Great Lakes-based researchers have studied populations residing in the Great Lakes basin to determine their level of awareness concerning fish consumption health advisories. They found that almost 50% of the residents who consumed Great Lakes sport fish were aware of sport fish consumption advisories. Of those with awareness, almost 60% were males and only about 40% were females. The researchers attributed the greater awareness among males to the health advisory materials that males receive with their fishing licenses and to their contact with fishing-related groups. The lower level of awareness among women regarding fish consumption advisories subsequently prompted the researchers to recommend targeting risk communication programs for female consumers of Great Lakes sport fish, particularly women of reproductive age. The Wisconsin Department of Health and Family Services subsequently followed the recommendation and developed uniform outreach materials for women, minorities, and the general public to be used by the Great Lakes states. The policy change directing educational materials to at-risk groups (e.g., women of reproductive age and minorities) is a direct outgrowth of the finding of low awareness about fish advisories among women who were interviewed. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Ashizawa, AE (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop F-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM ADA8@CDC.GOV
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 15
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 7
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.002
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400002
PM 15881973
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, PA
Staley, F
Staley, P
Curtis, J
Blanton, C
Brown, MJ
AF Meyer, PA
Staley, F
Staley, P
Curtis, J
Blanton, C
Brown, MJ
TI Improving strategies to prevent childhood lead poisoning using local
data
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE lead poisoning; environmental health; prevention; surveillance
ID CONTAMINATED HOUSE-DUST; CHILDREN; HEALTH
AB Lead poisoning remains an important, yet entirely preventable, disease among children worldwide. Children's blood lead levels (BLLs) have been declining in the United States; however, nearly half a million children have BLLs >= 10 mu g/dl, the level targeted for elimination by 2010. Attainment of this national goal will require translating knowledge into public health practice. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funds state and local health departments to develop comprehensive prevention programs and surveillance. The Jefferson County, Kentucky Program, which includes Louisville, adopted CDC's recommendation for targeting lead testing to children at highest risk and used knowledge of risk factors for lead poisoning to develop prevention strategies. Blood lead testing was targeted to Louisville neighborhoods at high risk, i.e., those characterized by housing built before 1950 and valued < $50,000, which are known risk factors for BLLs >= 10 mu g/dl among children. We evaluated the impact of these and other interventions. Testing of children aged 9-24 months who were born in high risk housing increased from 64.5% to 73.7% (p-value < 0.001) among the 1996 and 2000 birth cohorts. Among the 1996 and 2000 birth cohorts, there was no significant change in testing of children born in low risk housing, i.e., built after 1950 and valued at >= $50,000 (37.0-37.5%; p-value = 0.649). This report demonstrates that applying scientific knowledge to public health practice and using surveillance and other data to evaluate practice effectively increased testing of children at high risk for lead poisoning, increased lead-safe housing, and empowered communities to protect their children from lead exposure. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Serv, Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Jefferson Cty Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevent Br, Louisville, KY USA.
RP Meyer, PA (reprint author), CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Serv, Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS F-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM pmeyer@cdc.gov
NR 19
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 15
EP 20
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.003
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400003
PM 15881974
ER
PT J
AU Boss, LP
Evans, D
Ramos-Bonoan, C
Liao, W
Taggart, V
Redd, SC
AF Boss, LP
Evans, D
Ramos-Bonoan, C
Liao, W
Taggart, V
Redd, SC
TI Ensuring a scientific basis for community interventions for asthma
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE asthma; intervention; physicians; research; public health clinics
ID GUIDELINES; CHILDREN; CARE
AB Community based interventions are an important part of public health management of many diseases, including asthma. However, there are few scientifically proven and readily available community interventions for asthma. In an effort to increase the number of available interventions, we have identified ongoing asthma intervention research, identified potentially effective asthma interventions based on completed research, and prepared several of the effective interventions for widespread implementation through a process called "translation." We provide an example of one of these effective interventions now available for widespread implementation, "Creating a medical home for asthma." This intervention grew out of need for an intervention in New York City Department of Health (NYCDOH) clinics. The intervention includes training all clinic staff in a comprehensive, preventive approach to asthma care. All of the materials needed to implement the intervention are available to all through the NYCDOH web site (www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/cmha/index.html). This example points to the importance of making the tools needed to implement effective interventions available across the country and the role of public/private partnerships to assure the availability of science-based interventions for asthma control. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA.
New York City Dept Hlth, New York, NY USA.
RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Boss, LP (reprint author), 1667 Alderbrook Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM lpboss@earthlink.net
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 21
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.004
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400004
PM 15881975
ER
PT J
AU Green, L
Selman, C
Banerjee, A
Marcus, R
Medus, C
Angulo, FJ
Radke, V
Buchanan, S
AF Green, L
Selman, C
Banerjee, A
Marcus, R
Medus, C
Angulo, FJ
Radke, V
Buchanan, S
CA EHS-Net Working Grp
TI Food service workers' self-reported food preparation practices: an
EHS-Net study
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE food safety; food handling practices; food preparation practices; food
service workers; handwashing
ID RESTAURANTS; HANDLERS; SAFETY
AB This study was conducted by the Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net), a network of environmental health specialists and epidemiologists at federal and state health agencies, whose mission is to improve environmental health practice. One of EHS-Net's primary goals is to improve the understanding of the underlying causes of foodborne illness using a system-based approach. As part of this ongoing effort, EHS-Net analyzed data from a telephone survey of food service workers designed to increase our understanding of food preparation practices (a cause of foodborne illness) in restaurants. Results indicated that risky food preparation practices were commonly reported. Respondents said that at work they did not always wear gloves while touching ready-to-eat (RTE) food (60%), did not always wash their hands or change their gloves between handling raw meat and RTE food (23% and 33%), did not use a thermometer to check food temperatures (53%), and had worked while sick with vomiting or diarrhea (5%). Several factors were associated with safer food preparation practices. Workers responsible for food preparation reported washing their hands and wearing gloves when handling RTE food more often than workers not responsible for food preparation. Workers who cooked reported changing their gloves more often than workers who did not cook. Older workers and managers reported washing their hands more often than younger workers and non-managers. Workers in chain restaurants more frequently reported using thermometers than workers in independently owned restaurants. This study provides valuable information concerning the prevalence of food preparation practices and factors that may impact those practices. Additional research is needed to better understand those factors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RTI Int, Hlth Soc & Econ Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA.
Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA.
RP Green, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F28, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM lrg0@cdc.gov
NR 20
TC 46
Z9 47
U1 2
U2 10
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 27
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.005
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400005
PM 15881976
ER
PT J
AU Kaye, WE
Orr, MF
Wattigney, WA
AF Kaye, WE
Orr, MF
Wattigney, WA
TI Surveillance of hazardous substance emergency events: identifying areas
for public health prevention
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE hazardous substances; surveillance; prevention; environmental health;
HAZMAT
AB The Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) system is a comprehensive, state-based surveillance system of hazardous substance releases and public health consequences. Maintained by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) since 1990, the system captures information on acute releases of hazardous substances that need to be cleaned up or neutralized according to federal, state, or local law. Information about threatened releases that result in public health action such as evacuation is also included. Of the 39,766 events reported to HSEES for 1996-2001, 8% resulted in deaths or injuries. Funded through a competitive program announcement, 15 states currently participate in HSEES. State coordinators actively collect data from multiple sources after an eligible event occurs and enter data about the event into a standardized ATSDR-provided web-based system. The information in HSEES describes the distribution and characteristics of hazardous substances emergencies and the morbidity and mortality experienced by employees, responders, and the general public as the result of hazardous substances releases. Analysis of HSEES data helps identify risk factors associated with hazardous substances releases. For example, although events in which chlorine was released account for only 1.6% of all events, they were 3.52 times more likely to result in injuries. Knowledge of these factors is useful in planning public safety interventions and can impact the formulation of guidelines and policies to help reduce the number of events (primary prevention) and the morbidity and mortality associated with these events (secondary prevention). Utilizing state-specific analyses of HSEES data, participating states have been able to develop prevention outreach activities such as awareness training of first responders, primary prevention of spills, and secondary prevention of related injuries and deaths caused by ammonia, chlorine, and mercury. Specific examples involving ammonia, chlorine, and mercury releases will be presented in detail. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Kaye, WE (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM wkaye@cdc.gov
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 2
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 37
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.006
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400006
PM 15881977
ER
PT J
AU Maslia, ML
Reyes, JJ
Gillig, RE
Sautner, JB
Fagliano, JA
Aral, MM
AF Maslia, ML
Reyes, JJ
Gillig, RE
Sautner, JB
Fagliano, JA
Aral, MM
TI Public health partnerships addressing childhood cancer investigations:
case study of Toms River, Dover Township, New Jersey, USA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE public health partnerships; rules of engagement; childhood cancers;
case-control study; environmental exposures
ID WATER
AB Toms River, located in Dover Township, Ocean County, New Jersey, USA, experienced an increased incidence in childhood leukemia, brain, and central nervous system cancers from the mid-1980s through the early 1990s. These findings initiated a series of community-based activities that lead to the establishment of a successful partnership between the community, public health, and environmental agencies. The common goal of this partnership was to investigate linkages between environmental exposures and childhood cancers. The investigation was comprehensive in nature and a product of an extensive collaborative effort on the part of community, local, state, and federal health agencies, and university research organizations. Central to the success of this partnership was development of a public health response plan. This response plan served to coordinate activities of various entities and ensure that actions to cease or reduce ongoing exposures were implemented in addressing the incidence of childhood cancers using the partnership paradigm. The authors propose six rules of engagement: (1) seek out willing participants, (2) establish an equitable partnership, (3) consider each partner's perspective, (4) define goals and roles for each partner, (5) seek out innovative opportunities, and (6) assure scientific credibility. The application of these rules of engagement led to innovations and advances in the fields of environmental health science and public health practice. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA.
New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ USA.
Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Maslia, ML (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-32, Atlanta, GA USA.
EM mmaslia@cdc.gov
NR 22
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 5
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 45
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.007
PG 10
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400007
PM 15881978
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, BA
Dearwent, SM
Durant, JT
Dyken, JJ
Freed, JA
Moore, SM
Wheeler, JS
AF Anderson, BA
Dearwent, SM
Durant, JT
Dyken, JJ
Freed, JA
Moore, SM
Wheeler, JS
TI Exposure pathway evaluations for sites that processed
asbestos-contaminated vermiculite
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE asbestos; exposure pathways; Libby asbestos; national asbestos exposure
review; vermiculite
ID TREMOLITE ACTINOLITE; MORTALITY; MINERS; MORBIDITY
AB The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) is currently evaluating the potential public health impacts associated with the processing of asbestos-contaminated vermiculite at various facilities around the country. Vermiculite ore contaminated with significant levels of asbestos was mined and milled in Libby, Montana, from the early 1920s until 1990. The majority of the Libby ore was then shipped to processing facilities for exfoliation. ATSDR initiated the National Asbestos Exposure Review (NAER) to identify and evaluate exposure pathways associated with these processing facilities. This manuscript details ATSDR's phased approach in addressing exposure potential around these sites. As this is an ongoing project, only the results from a selected set of completed site analyses are presented. Historical occupational exposures are the most significant exposure pathway for the site evaluations completed to date. Former workers also probably brought asbestos fibers home on their clothing, shoes, and hair, and their household contacts may have been exposed. Currently, most site-related worker and community exposure pathways have been eliminated. One community exposure pathway of indeterminate significance is the current exposure of individuals through direct contact with waste rock brought home for personal use as fill material, driveway surfacing, or soil amendment. Trace levels of asbestos are present in soil at many of the sites and buried waste rock has been discovered at a few sites; therefore, future worker and community exposure associated with disturbing on-site soil during construction or redevelopment at these sites is also a potential exposure pathway. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Anderson, BA (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE Mail Stop E-29, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM BAAnderson@cdc.gov
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 4
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 55
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.008
PG 11
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400008
PM 15881979
ER
PT J
AU Gelting, R
Sarisky, J
Selman, C
Otto, C
Higgins, C
Bohan, PO
Buchanan, SB
Meehan, PJ
AF Gelting, R
Sarisky, J
Selman, C
Otto, C
Higgins, C
Bohan, PO
Buchanan, SB
Meehan, PJ
TI Use of a systems-based approach to an environmental health assessment
for a waterborne disease outbreak investigation at a snowmobile lodge in
Wyoming
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE systems approach; systems-based outbreak investigation; environmental
antecedent; environmental health assessment; norovirus; Sheridan County;
Wyoming
AB Investigations into disease outbreaks generally incorporate an epidemiologic investigation, laboratory analysis, and an environmental health assessment. This last component is designed to discover connections between factors in the environment and the outbreak, but is often limited, either by time and resources, or the expertise of the personnel included in outbreak investigation teams. A waterborne Norovirus outbreak investigation in Sheridan County, Wyoming, in 2001 provides an excellent example of the importance of including an in-depth, systems-based environmental health assessment in outbreak investigations. The epidemiologic component of this investigation identified the water supply of a snowmobile lodge in the Bighorn Mountains as the source of the outbreak, a result that was confirmed by laboratory analysis. Including a systems-based environmental health assessment in this investigation also helped to uncover the underlying environmental factors that led to contamination of the water supply. Those factors included an onsite wastewater disposal system that was overloaded by increased use and not well suited to local soil and geologic conditions and a drinking water system with no treatment or disinfection. In addition, heavy precipitation and increased pumping of wells to satisfy higher demands probably facilitated the contamination of the drinking water wells by causing greater movement of wastewater through the soil and underlying bedrock. By focusing on these links between factors in the environment and adverse health outcomes, the systems-based environmental health assessment also helped to highlight prevention strategies for avoiding recurrences. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA USA.
Santa Cruz Womens Htlh Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Off Chief Operating Officer, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Pk Serv, Publ Hlth Program, Washington, DC 20240 USA.
RP Gelting, R (reprint author), CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Mail Stop F-28,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA USA.
EM rgelting@cdc.gov
NR 9
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 1
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 67
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.009
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400009
PM 15881980
ER
PT J
AU Mott, JA
Mannino, DM
Alverson, CJ
Kiyu, A
Hashim, J
Lee, T
Falter, K
Redd, SC
AF Mott, JA
Mannino, DM
Alverson, CJ
Kiyu, A
Hashim, J
Lee, T
Falter, K
Redd, SC
TI Cardiorespiratory hospitalizations associated with smoke exposure during
the 1997 Southeast Asian forest fires
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE forest fires; air pollution; respiratory health; asthma; COPD
ID CALIFORNIA
AB We investigated the cardiorespiratory health effects of smoke exposure from the 1997 Southeast Asian Forest Fires among persons who were hospitalized in the region of Kuching, Malaysia. We selected admissions to seven hospitals in the Kuching region from a database of all hospital admissions in the state of Sarawak during January 1, 1995 and December 31, 1998. For several cardiorespiratory disease classifications we used Holt-Winters time-series analyses to determine whether the total number of monthly hospitalizations during the forest fire period (August 1 to October 31, 1997), or post-fire period (November 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997) exceeded forecasted estimates established from a historical baseline period of January 1, 1995 to July 31, 1997. We also identified age-specific cohorts of persons whose members were admitted for specific cardiorespiratory problems during January I to July 31 of each year (1995-1997). We compared Kaplan-Meier survival curves of time to first readmission for the 1997 cohorts (exposed to the forest fire smoke) with the survival curves for the 1995 and 1996 cohorts (not exposed, pre-fire cohorts). The time-series analyses indicated that statistically significant fire-related increases were observed in respiratory hospitalizations, specifically those for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The survival analyses indicated that persons over age 65 years with previous hospital admissions for any cause (chi(ldf)(2) = 5.98, p = 0.015), any cardiorespiratory disease (chi(ldf)(2) = 5.3, p = 0.02), any respiratory disease (chi(ldf)(2) = 7.8, p = 0.005), or COPD (chi(ldf)(2) = 3.9, p = 0.047), were significantly more likely to be rehospitalized during the follow-up period in 1997 than during the follow-up periods in the pre-fire years of 1995 or 1996. The survival functions of the exposed cohorts resumed similar trajectories to unexposed cohorts during the post-fire period of November 1, 1997 to December 31, 1998. Communities exposed to forest fire smoke during the Southeast Asian forest fires of 1997 experienced short-term increases in cardiorespiratory hospitalizations. When an air quality emergency is anticipated, persons over age 65 with histories of respiratory hospitalizations should be preidentified from existing hospitalization records and given priority access to interventions. (c) 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Mott, JA (reprint author), CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-17, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM zud9@cdc.gov
OI Mannino, David/0000-0003-3646-7828
NR 13
TC 70
Z9 73
U1 2
U2 12
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 75
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.018
PG 11
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400010
PM 15881981
ER
PT J
AU Muravov, OI
Kaye, WE
Lewin, M
Berkowitz, Z
Lybarger, JA
Campolucci, SS
Parker, JE
AF Muravov, OI
Kaye, WE
Lewin, M
Berkowitz, Z
Lybarger, JA
Campolucci, SS
Parker, JE
TI The usefulness of computed tomography in detecting asbestos-related
pleural abnormalities in people who had indeterminate chest radiographs:
the Libby, NIT, experience
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE pleural abnormalities; health effects; asbestos; vermiculite; computed
tomography of the chest
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION CT; VERMICULITE MINERS; PULMONARY ASBESTOSIS; TREMOLITE
ACTINOLITE; SHIPYARD WORKERS; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; MORTALITY; SMOKING;
MORBIDITY
AB This epidemiological study was conducted to determine whether high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is useful to screen for pulmonary abnormalities in people exposed to vermiculite containing asbestos. During June-September 2001, we evaluated HRCT of 353 people in Libby, MT, who had been exposed to asbestiform minerals associated with vermiculite. Of these, 334 participants of the summer 2000 medical testing program underwent HRCT of the chest at St. John's Lutheran Hospital and 19 eligible people who recently had undergone an HRCT scan at the same facility and under the same testing protocol allowed the study reviewers to use that scan. All 353 study participants were former vermiculite mine/mill workers (n = 55), their household contacts (n = 99), and people exposed to vermiculite through recreational or other activities (n = 199). Participants' 2000 medical testing results indicated only one of the three B-reader chest radiograph reviewers had reported a pleural abnormality (indeterminate chest radiograph). Three expert computer tomography (CT) scan evaluators reviewed the HRCT scans and identified pleural abnormalities in 98 (27.8%) of the 353 participants whose previous chest radiographs were classified indeterminate. Of these 98 people, 69 (70.4%) were either former vermiculite mine/mill workers or household contacts, and 40 (40.8%) showed pleural calcification on HRCT. Thirty out of the 40 people with pleural calcification reported having no occupational exposure to either Libby vermiculite or asbestos. Our findings indicate that low-dose HRCT can be considered for screening certain former vermiculite mine/mill workers and their household contacts who have indeterminate chest radiographs and may be useful for diagnosing a suspicious finding on a chest radiograph, particularly in a high-risk person. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
W Virginia Univ, Pulm & Crit Care Med, Morgantown, WV USA.
RP Muravov, OI (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM oim0@cdc.gov
NR 62
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 2
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 87
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.019
PG 13
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400011
PM 15881982
ER
PT J
AU Hubbard, B
Gelting, R
Baffigo, V
Sarisky, J
AF Hubbard, B
Gelting, R
Baffigo, V
Sarisky, J
TI Community environmental health assessment strengthens environmental
public health services in the Peruvian Amazon
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE international environmental health; community environmental health
assessment; global health; community participation; water and sanitation
AB In December 1999, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, Peru Country Office (CARE Peru), initiated the Urban Environmental Health Project (SAU, in Spanish) to strengthen environmental public health services in urban and periurban settlements in Peru. The project received funding from the Woodruff Foundation as part of the CARE-CDC Health Initiative (CCHI). The "Protocol for Assessing Community Excellence in Environmental Health" (PACE EH) guided the development of a community environmental public health assessment (CEHA) process in Cardozo, a settlement in Iquitos, Peru. The project developed a three-phase process that merged scientific understanding and community perception about local environmental health problems. In phase 1, local environmental health technicians assisted the community in understanding environmental health conditions in Cardozo and selecting priorities. During phase 2, local technicians assessed the community-selected priorities: water and sanitation. Results from recent water quality assessments revealed that 82% (9 of 11) of samples from shallow dug wells, 18% (2 of 11) from deeper drilled wells, and 61% (11/18) from household drinking containers were positive for thermotolerant coliforms. Phase 3 activities produced an action plan and an intervention to mitigate health problems associated with inadequate water and sanitation services in the Cardozo community. As a result of the CEHA process, CARE Peru obtained funding from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to develop and implement an environmental health risk monitoring system and the proposed water and sewage intervention in the settlement. CDC continues to provide technical assistance to the local environmental health services groups in Iquitos through an agreement with CARE Peru as part of the USAID-funded Urban Environmental Health Models Project (MUSA). Technical assistance activities and the development of the environmental health risk monitoring system have helped to strengthen the local environmental public health services delivery system. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
CARE Peru, Urban Environm Hlth Project, Lima, Peru.
RP Hubbard, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-28, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM bnh5@cdc.gov
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 101
EP 107
DI 10.1016/j.jiheh.2005.01.010
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400012
PM 15881983
ER
PT J
AU Au, WW
Lybarger, JA
Barrett, DH
Falk, H
AF Au, WW
Lybarger, JA
Barrett, DH
Falk, H
TI Perspectives on the use of scientific knowledge for public health
practice
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE public health practice; scientific knowledge; disease prevention;
environmental health assessment; disaster management
AB Achieving the goal of increasing quality and years of healthy life is fundamentally based on success in the practice of public health. As our life style changes with time and as public health issues become more global, the practice of public health is enhanced to meet new challenges. In addition to addressing infectious diseases, environmental concerns are gaining attention. New challenges require the modification of the methods of investigations, use of new technologies and application of real-time management of public health emergencies. In many situations, collaborations at the local, regional, national and global levels are needed. This manuscript provides a summary of the approaches to address certain crucial environmental health concerns towards the goal of increasing quality and years of healthy life. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Galveston, TX 77550 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Falk, H (reprint author), CDCP, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E28, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM hxf1@cdc.gov
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 1-2
BP 135
EP 139
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.013
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 927PV
UT WOS:000229207400016
PM 15881987
ER
PT J
AU Brown, LM
Kim, D
Yomai, A
Meyer, PA
Noonan, GP
Huff, D
Flanders, WD
AF Brown, LM
Kim, D
Yomai, A
Meyer, PA
Noonan, GP
Huff, D
Flanders, WD
TI Blood lead levels and risk factors for lead poisoning in children and
caregivers in Chuuk State, Micronesia
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE blood lead; children; prevention; environmental exposure; battery
melting
ID COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; EXPOSURE; WORKERS; DEFICITS; COHORT; PLANT; AGE
AB Lead poisoning is a preventable environmental disease. Children and developing fetuses are especially vulnerable; even low blood lead levels (BLLs) are linked with learning and behavioral problems. We assessed children's and their caregivers' BLLs and risk factors for lead exposure in Chunk State, Federated States of Micronesia. Children aged 2-6 years were randomly selected within 20 randomly selected villages. Children and caregivers provided venous blood, and caregivers offered information about possible risk factors for lead exposure. Mean BLLs were 39 mu g/l for children and 16 mu g/l for caregivers. Children with BLLs of >= 100 mu g/l (elevated) were 22.9 (95% CI: 4.5-116.0) times more likely to have a caregiver with an elevated BLL, 6.2 (95% CI: 1.4-27.3) times more likely to live on an outer island, and 3.4 (95% CI: 1.7-6.9) times more likely to have a family member who made lead fishing weights than did other children even after controlling for age and sex. For children, 61% of elevated BLLs could be attributed to making fishing weights. Caregivers with elevated BLLs were 5.9 (95% CI: 1.5-23.7) times more likely to live in a household that melted batteries than other caregivers even after controlling for age and education. For caregivers, 37% of the elevated BLLs could be attributed to melting batteries. The association of elevated BLLs in children and their caregiver suggests a common environmental exposure. Melting batteries to make fishing sinkers is a preventable source of lead exposure for children and their caregivers in Chunk. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
C1 Ctr Dis Control, NCEH, EEHS, LPPB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
Chuuk State Hosp, Chuuk, Micronesia.
RP Meyer, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, NCEH, EEHS, LPPB, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM pmeyer@cdc.gov
NR 19
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA BRANCH OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, D-07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1438-4639
J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL
JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health.
PY 2005
VL 208
IS 4
BP 231
EP 236
DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.01.028
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 952OT
UT WOS:000231016100001
PM 16078636
ER
PT J
AU Freedman, DS
Wang, J
Maynard, LM
Thornton, JC
Mei, Z
Pierson, RN
Dietz, WH
Horlick, M
AF Freedman, DS
Wang, J
Maynard, LM
Thornton, JC
Mei, Z
Pierson, RN
Dietz, WH
Horlick, M
TI Relation of BMI to fat and fat-free mass among children and adolescents
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
LA English
DT Article
DE body mass index; X-ray densitometry
ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; PERCENTAGE BODY-FAT; UNITED-STATES; ETHNIC-GROUPS;
OLD CHILDREN; INDEX; OVERWEIGHT; FATNESS; CHILDHOOD; HEIGHT
AB Objective: Although the body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) is widely used as a surrogate measure of adiposity, it is a measure of excess weight, rather than excess body fat, relative to height. We examined the relation of BMI to levels of fat mass and fat-free mass among healthy 5- to 18-y-olds.
Methods and Procedures: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure fat and fat-free mass among 1196 subjects. These measures were standardized for height by calculating the fat mass index (FMI, fat mass/ht(2)) and the fat-free mass index (FFMI, fat-free mass/ht(2)).
Results: The variability in FFMI was about 50% of that in FMI, and the accuracy of BMI as a measure of adiposity varied greatly according to the degree of fatness. Among children with a BMI-for-age greater than or equal to85th P, BMI levels were strongly associated with FMI (r=0.85-0.96 across sex-age categories). In contrast, among children with a BMI-for-age <50th P, levels of BMI were more strongly associated with FFMI (r=0.56-0.83) than with FMI (r=0.22-0.65). The relation of BMI to fat mass was markedly nonlinear, and substantial differences in fat mass were seen only at BMI levels &GE;85th P.
Discussion: BMI levels among children should be interpreted with caution. Although a high BMI-for-age is a good indicator of excess fat mass, BMI differences among thinner children can be largely due to fat-free mass.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent K26, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA.
St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Obes Res Ctr, Dept Med, Body Composit Unit, New York, NY USA.
Columbia Univ, Childrens Hosp New York, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Freedman, DS (reprint author), CDC, Mailstop K-26,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM DFreedman@CDC.gov
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK37352]
NR 39
TC 181
Z9 183
U1 3
U2 12
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0307-0565
J9 INT J OBESITY
JI Int. J. Obes.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 29
IS 1
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802735
PG 8
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 879IS
UT WOS:000225710800001
PM 15278104
ER
PT J
AU Posner, SF
Kerimova, J
Aliyeva, F
Duerr, A
AF Posner, SF
Kerimova, J
Aliyeva, F
Duerr, A
TI Strategies for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in a resource-poor
setting
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE bacterial vaginosis; diagnostic methods; resource-poor settings;
sensitivity; specificity
ID VAGINITIS
AB This study evaluated Amsel's criteria, the FemExam((R)) card and pH plus amine methods for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in a resource-poor setting. Two hundred Azerbaijani women participated in a study about reproductive health that included a gynaecological examination and an interviewer-administered survey. Using the WHO syndromic diagnosis algorithm, nearly all women (99%) had abnormal vaginal discharge. The prevalence of BV by Gram stain was 35%; using pH plus amine, the FemExam((R)) card and Amsel's criteria, prevalence ranged from 29% to 49%. No behavioural or demographic characteristics were associated with BV as diagnosed by Gram stain. The sensitivity ranged from 0.59 to 0.74 and specificity from 0.65 to 0.92 using the three methods. The pH plus amine test is better than syndromic management protocols, and although it is not the most sensitive or specific of the three methods it will be easiest to implement in resource-poor settings.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Int Assoc Family & Soc, Baku 370000, Azerbaijan.
RP Posner, SF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM SHP5@CDC.GOV
OI Posner, Samuel/0000-0003-1574-585X
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND
SN 0956-4624
J9 INT J STD AIDS
JI Int. J. STD AIDS
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 16
IS 1
BP 52
EP 55
DI 10.1258/0956462052932601
PG 4
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 894AJ
UT WOS:000226761900012
PM 15705274
ER
PT J
AU Guzman, R
Colfax, GN
Wheeler, S
Mansergh, G
Marks, G
Rader, M
Buchbinder, S
AF Guzman, R
Colfax, GN
Wheeler, S
Mansergh, G
Marks, G
Rader, M
Buchbinder, S
TI Negotiated safety relationships and sexual behavior among a diverse
sample of HIV-negative men who have sex with men
SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
LA English
DT Article
DE negotiated safety; gay men; sexual risk; primary; relationships; HIV
prevention strategies
ID HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; GAY MEN; RISK BEHAVIOR; SAN-FRANCISCO; YOUNG GAY;
INFECTION; SEROCONVERSION; INCREASES; PARTNERS
AB Objective: To examine the prevalence of negotiated safety (NS) in a diverse sample of HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM), characteristics of MSM practicing NS, and adherence to NS.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of San Francisco MSM recruited from venues and community organizations. NS relationships were defined as those in which HIV-negative men were in seroconcordant primary relationships for greater than or equal to6 months, had unprotected anal intercourse (UA) together, and had rules prohibiting UA with others. Adherence to NS was determined from self-reported sexual behavior in the prior 3 months. Presence of an agreement with NS partners to disclose rule breaking was also determined.
Results: Of 340 HIV-negative participants, 76 (22%) reported a current seroconcordant primary relationship for greater than or equal to6 months. Of these 76 men, 38 (50%) had NS relationships, 30 (39%) had no UA with primary partners, and 8 (11%) had UA with primary partners without rules prohibiting UA with others. In multivariate analysis, NS was more common than no UA with primary partners in younger men. Among 38 NS men, 29% violated their NS-defining rule in the prior 3 months, including 18% who reported UA with others, and 18% reported a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the prior year. Only 61% of NS men adhered fully to rules and agreed to disclose rule breaking.
Conclusions: Although NS was commonly practiced among HIV-negative men in seroconcordant relationships, some men violated NS-defining rules, placing themselves and potentially their primary partners at risk for HIV infection. Prevention efforts regarding NS should emphasize the importance of agreement adherence, disclosure of rule breaking, and routine STI testing.
C1 HIV Res Sect, San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA.
US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Guzman, R (reprint author), HIV Res Sect, San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, 25 Van Ness Ave,Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA.
EM robert.guzman@sfdph.org
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U64/CCU914930]
NR 24
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1525-4135
J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF
JI JAIDS
PD JAN 1
PY 2005
VL 38
IS 1
BP 82
EP 86
DI 10.1097/00126334-200501010-00015
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 885TI
UT WOS:000226179400015
PM 15608530
ER
PT J
AU Wetta-Hall, R
Ablah, E
Frazier, LM
Molgaard, CA
Berry, M
Good, MJ
AF Wetta-Hall, R
Ablah, E
Frazier, LM
Molgaard, CA
Berry, M
Good, MJ
TI Factors influencing nurses' smoking cessation assessment and counseling
practices
SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIONS NURSING
LA English
DT Article
DE assessment; counseling; logistic regression; nurses; smoking cessation
ID ATTITUDES; CARE; DELIVERY
AB Nurses are in a strategic position to influence their patients to stop smoking, but factors affecting their likelihood of assessing and counseling are unknown. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey study was to identify predictors of tobacco use assessment and smoking cessation intervention by office-based nurses employed in private physician practices in Kansas. A 43-item questionnaire was mailed to all family practice, internal medicine, and pediatric private practice offices located throughout the state of Kansas with a final sample of 415 completed surveys. Logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of three dependent variables: (1) tobacco use assessment, (2) patient interest in smoking cessation, and (3) delivering smoking cessation counseling. Nurses were more likely to assess patient tobacco use, assess patient interest in tobacco cessation, and provide tobacco cessation counseling if they believed they had the skills, and had attended tobacco-related continuing education in the previous year. Advanced practice nursing and more years of experience were predictors of assessment activities, but not cessation counseling. Nurses with a bachelor (BSN) degree or higher did provide smoking cessation advice more consistently than non-BSN prepared nurses. Nurses must believe they are sufficiently skilled to overcome perceived barriers to assess tobacco use. Continuing education, skills development and improved understanding of tobacco cessation facts may increase self-efficacy.
C1 Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Wichita, KS 67214 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA.
Via Christi Reg Med Ctr, Wichita Community Clin Oncol Program, Wichita, KS USA.
RP Wetta-Hall, R (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, 1010 N Kansas, Wichita, KS 67214 USA.
EM rwettaha@kumc.edu
NR 25
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1088-4602
J9 J ADDICT NURS
JI J. Addict. Nurs.
PY 2005
VL 16
IS 3
BP 131
EP 135
DI 10.1080/10884600500203655
PG 5
WC Substance Abuse; Nursing
SC Substance Abuse; Nursing
GA 048WY
UT WOS:000237978400006
ER
PT J
AU Cress, ME
Buchner, DM
Prohaska, T
Rimmer, J
Brown, M
Macera, C
DiPietro, L
Chodzko-Zajko, W
AF Cress, ME
Buchner, DM
Prohaska, T
Rimmer, J
Brown, M
Macera, C
DiPietro, L
Chodzko-Zajko, W
TI Best practices for physical activity programs and behavior counseling in
older adult populations
SO JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE aging; quality of life; exercise; functional limitations
ID ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS; EXERCISE; RECOMMENDATIONS
AB Physical activity offers one of the greatest opportunities for people to extend years of active independent life and reduce functional limitations. The article identifies key practices for promoting physical activity in older adults, with a focus on those with chronic disease or low fitness and those with low levels of physical activity. Key practices identified: (a) A multidimensional activity program that includes endurance, strength, balance, and flexibility training is optimal for health and functional benefits; (b) principles of behavior change including social support, self-efficacy, active choices, health contracts, assurances of safety, and positive reinforcement enhance adherence; (c) manage risk by beginning at low intensity but gradually increasing to moderate physical activity, which has a better risk:benefit ratio and should be the goal for older adults; (d) an emergency procedure plan is prudent for community-based programs; and (e) monitoring aerobic intensity is important for progression and motivation. Selected content review of physical activity programming from major organizations and institutions is provided.
C1 Univ Georgia, Dept Exercise Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Chicago, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Disabil & Human Dev, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Missouri, Sch Hlth Profess, Columbia, MO USA.
San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
Yale Univ, John B Pierce Fdn Lab, New Haven, CT USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Kinesiol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Cress, ME (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Exercise Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
NR 31
TC 110
Z9 114
U1 0
U2 18
PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC
PI CHAMPAIGN
PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA
SN 1063-8652
J9 J AGING PHYS ACTIV
JI J. Aging Phys. Act.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 13
IS 1
BP 61
EP 74
PG 14
WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Sport Sciences
SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Sport Sciences
GA 886IU
UT WOS:000226221300006
PM 15677836
ER
PT J
AU Popovic, T
Hoffmaster, A
Ezzell, JW
Abshire, TG
Brown, JE
AF Popovic, T
Hoffmaster, A
Ezzell, JW
Abshire, TG
Brown, JE
TI Validation of methods for confirmatory identification of presumptive
isolates of Bacillus anthracis
SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
RP Popovic, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM txpl@cdc.gov
NR 0
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL
PI GAITHERSBURG
PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA
SN 1060-3271
J9 J AOAC INT
JI J. AOAC Int.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 88
IS 1
BP 175
EP 177
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA 893HN
UT WOS:000226710000022
PM 15759739
ER
PT J
AU Ford, ES
Mannino, DM
AF Ford, ES
Mannino, DM
TI Time trends in obesity among adults with asthma in the United States:
Findings from three national surveys
SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA
LA English
DT Article
DE asthma; body mass index; obesity; trends
ID BODY-MASS INDEX; MEDICAL RECORDS; PREVALENCE; RISK
AB Obesity may affect the respiratory health of people with asthma. Because the temporal trends in the prevalence of obesity among people with asthma have not been described in the United States, our objective was to describe these trends. Using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ( NHANES) I ( 1971 - 1975), II ( 1976 - 1980), and III ( 1988 - 1994), the authors examined changes in the prevalence of obesity during the period covered by these surveys. The age-adjusted prevalence of current asthma was 3.5% for NHANES I, 3.1% for NHANES II, and 5.2% in NHANES III. Among people with current asthma, age-adjusted mean body mass index increased from 26.1 kg/m(2) in the NHANES I to 28.0 kg/m(2) in NHANES III, and the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity increased from 21.3 to 32.8%. Among people without asthma, age-adjusted mean body mass index increased from 25.4 kg/m(2) in NHANES I to 26.6 kg/m(2) in NHANES III, and the prevalence of obesity increased from 14.6 to 22.8%. These results show that people with asthma are far more likely to be obese than people who do not have asthma. Because excess weight may adversely affect the respiratory health of people with asthma, weight management for overweight and obese patients with asthma may be an important component in the medical care of these patients.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM eford@cdc.gov
OI Mannino, David/0000-0003-3646-7828
NR 23
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0277-0903
J9 J ASTHMA
JI J. Asthma
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 2
BP 91
EP 95
DI 10.1081/JAS-200051328
PG 5
WC Allergy; Respiratory System
SC Allergy; Respiratory System
GA 920MN
UT WOS:000228694900002
PM 15871439
ER
PT J
AU Savage-Brown, A
Mannino, DM
Redd, SC
AF Savage-Brown, A
Mannino, DM
Redd, SC
TI Lung disease and asthma severity in adults with asthma: Data from the
Third National Health and Nutrition Examination
SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA
LA English
DT Article
DE spirometry; lung function; restrictive lung disease; obstructive lung
disease; asthma; asthma severity
ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; RISK; SURVEILLANCE;
POPULATION; SYMPTOMS; SAMPLE
AB Risk factors for obstructive or restrictive lung disease among persons with asthma are not well defined. Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to determine predictors of poor lung function among 1063 adults, aged 20 years and older, who self-report physician-diagnosed asthma any time during their life regardless of current asthma status. Obstructive lung disease and restrictive lung disease were defined by using spirometry and modified Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria. Reported symptoms were used to grade asthma severity. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between lung disease, respiratory symptom severity, and adults who ever had asthma. Risk factors for spirometry-defined obstructive lung disease included increasing age, body mass index < 18.5, current asthma, and non-white race (p < 0.05). Risk factors for spirometry-defined restrictive lung disease included older age at asthma diagnosis, low socioeconomic status, current asthma, and being female (p < 0.05). Risk factors for moderate or severe respiratory symptoms included older age at diagnosis and current smoking status (p < 0.05). Asthma is a known risk factor for chronic obstructive lung disease; these data also suggest that adults, particularly females, who are older at the time of asthma diagnosis, may be at risk to develop spriometry-defined restrictive lung disease as well. These data also suggest that a significant proportion of people with lifetime asthma have impaired lung function; however, it is unclear if more aggressive therapy for asthma would prevent these complications. To further examine the role of these factors in predicting poor lung function among adults with asthma, additional information is needed on these patients' asthma therapy, natural history, and environmental exposures.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Savage-Brown, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-17, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM ABrown2@cdc.gov
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0277-0903
J9 J ASTHMA
JI J. Asthma
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 6
BP 519
EP 523
DI 10.1081/JAS-200067605
PG 5
WC Allergy; Respiratory System
SC Allergy; Respiratory System
GA 972UX
UT WOS:000232479800015
PM 16293549
ER
PT J
AU Brown, DW
Young, KE
Anda, RF
Giles, WH
AF Brown, DW
Young, KE
Anda, RF
Giles, WH
TI Asthma and risk of death from lung cancer: NHANES II mortality study
SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA
LA English
DT Article
DE asthma; lung neoplasms; mortality; survival analysis; cohort studies;
epidemiology
ID NONSMOKING WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; INDEX; SMOKING; MEN
AB Objective. Although smoking is the most important risk factor for lung cancer, nearly 10% of lung cancer is not attributable to smoking. Insights into risk factors for lung cancer other than smoking will become increasingly important, given decreasing trends in the prevalence of smoking. Prior research suggests asthma may increase the risk of lung cancer, particularly among nonsmokers. Methods. We used Cox regression analyses of data from a nationally representative sample of 9087 adults aged 30-75 years included in the NHANES II Mortality Study (1976-1992) to estimate the relative risk (RR) of death from lung cancer associated with self-reported asthma, independent of smoking. Results. Age-adjusted prevalence of smoking was 36.0%, and the age-adjusted prevalence of asthma was 6.1% (6.2% among nonsmokers) at baseline. During approximately 17 years of follow-up, 196 adults died of lung cancer (ICD-9 160-165). Among 6144 nonsmokers, the RR of lung cancer death comparing adults with asthma to those without was 1.69 (95% CI: 0.94-3.04) although the association was not statistically significant. For nonsmokers without a history of cancer, the RR was 2.53 (95% CI: 1.42-4.52). After exclusion of adults with emphysema and chronic bronchitis, the RR of lung cancer death associated with asthma was 3.54 (95% CI: 1.93-6.42). Conclusions. Consistent with prior reports, we observed an increased risk of lung cancer mortality associated with asthma among nonsmokers without a history of cancer.
C1 CDCP, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Brown, DW (reprint author), CDCP, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS K67,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
NR 20
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0277-0903
J9 J ASTHMA
JI J. Asthma
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 7
BP 597
EP 600
DI 10.1080/02770900500216234
PG 4
WC Allergy; Respiratory System
SC Allergy; Respiratory System
GA 966PL
UT WOS:000232033000013
PM 16169796
ER
PT J
AU Rhodes, L
Moorman, JE
Redd, SC
AF Rhodes, L
Moorman, JE
Redd, SC
TI Sex differences in asthma prevalence and other disease characteristics
in eight states
SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA
LA English
DT Article
DE asthma; sex differences; prevalence; control
AB Objectives . We assessed the sex differences in asthma prevalence and asthma-control characteristics within eight states. Methods . We analyzed data from the 2001 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Results . Lifetime and current asthma prevalence were higher for females in each of the eight states compared to males. Adult onset of asthma was reported more often by females with current asthma, and childhood onset was reported more often by males. Sex differences were identified for the eight asthma-control characteristics. Conclusions . Females in eight states presented higher asthma risk and poorer asthma profiles than males. State surveillance data can be used to identify disparities and to develop appropriate public health interventions.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Moorman, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Mailstop E-17,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM zva9@cdc.gov
NR 8
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0277-0903
J9 J ASTHMA
JI J. Asthma
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 9
BP 777
EP 782
DI 10.1080/02770900500308387
PG 6
WC Allergy; Respiratory System
SC Allergy; Respiratory System
GA 988AB
UT WOS:000233558200010
PM 16316873
ER
PT J
AU Hyma, KE
Lacher, DW
Nelson, AM
Bumbaugh, AC
Janda, JM
Strockbine, NA
Young, VB
Whittam, TS
AF Hyma, KE
Lacher, DW
Nelson, AM
Bumbaugh, AC
Janda, JM
Strockbine, NA
Young, VB
Whittam, TS
TI Evolutionary genetics of a new pathogenic Escherichia species:
Escherichia albertii and related Shigella boydii strains
SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CYTOLETHAL DISTENDING TOXIN; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; HAFNIA-ALVEI;
COLI-STRAINS; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; HELICOBACTER-HEPATICUS;
HAEMOPHILUS-DUCREYI; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; GENUS ESCHERICHIA; VARIANT
TYPE
AB A bacterium originally described as Hafnia alvei induces diarrhea in rabbits and causes epithelial damage similar to the attachment and effacement associated with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Subsequent studies identified similar H. alvei-like strains that are positive for an intimin gene (eae) probe and, based on DNA relatedness, are classified as a distinct Escherichia species, Escherichia albertii. We determined sequences for multiple housekeeping genes in five E. albertii strains and compared these sequences to those of strains representing the major groups of pathogenic E. coli and Shigella. A comparison of 2,484 codon positions in 14 genes revealed that E. albertii strains differ, on average, at similar to7.4% of the nucleotide sites from pathogenic E. coli strains and at 15.7% from Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium. Interestingly, E. albertii strains were found to be closely related to strains of Shigella boydii serotype 13 (Shigella B13), a distant relative of E. coli representing a divergent lineage in the genus Escherichia. Analysis of homologues of intimin (eae) revealed that the central conserved domains are similar in E. albertii and Shigella B13 and distinct from those of eae variants found in pathogenic E. coli. Sequence analysis of the cytolethal distending toxin gene cluster (cdt) also disclosed three allelic groups corresponding to E. alberti, Shigella B13, and a nontypeable isolate serollogically related to S. boydii serotype 7. Based on the synonymous substitution rate, the E. albertii-Shigella B13 lineage is estimated to have split from an E. coli-like ancestor similar to28 million years ago and formed a distinct evolutionary branch of enteric pathogens that has radiated into groups with distinct virulence properties.
C1 Michigan State Univ, Microbial Evolut Lab, Natl Food Safety & Toxicol Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Infect Dis Unit, Dept Internal Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Microbial Dis Lab, Div Communicable Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Whittam, TS (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Microbial Evolut Lab, Natl Food Safety & Toxicol Ctr, 165 Food Safety & Toxicol Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM whittam@msu.edu
RI Young, Vincent/B-3179-2009
OI Young, Vincent/0000-0003-3687-2364
FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01AI30058, N01-AI-30058]
NR 54
TC 88
Z9 89
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0021-9193
J9 J BACTERIOL
JI J. Bacteriol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 187
IS 2
BP 619
EP 628
DI 10.1128/JB.187.2.619-628.2005
PG 10
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 889CY
UT WOS:000226422300023
PM 15629933
ER
PT J
AU Mutisya, PM
Ross, LE
AF Mutisya, PM
Ross, LE
TI Afrocentricity and racial socialization among African American college
students
SO JOURNAL OF BLACK STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Afrocentricity; racial socialization; socialization
AB This article reviews and examines conceptual issues and definitions related to Afrocentricity and racial socialization. Data for the study were obtained from a survey of 453 African American college students. Afrocentricity has been conceptualized as being multidimensional. Several variables thought to represent both the constructs of Afrocentricity and racial socialization were constructed, analyzed for their reliabilities, and combined into attitudinal scales. This exploratory analysis sought to ascertain if two attitudinal scales were related. Findings from this study suggest that the overall scales or composite variables are positively related and that a strong interitem correlation among the individual statements exists. This study (a) provides insight on future development of an Afrocentric scale, (b) helps to clarify the importance of racial socialization as it relates to Afrocentricity, and (c) gives direction and encouragement for future research on African Americans.
C1 N Carolina Cent Univ, Sch Educ, Dept Educ Leadership, Durham, NC 27707 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Mutisya, PM (reprint author), N Carolina Cent Univ, Sch Educ, Dept Educ Leadership, 712 Cecil St, Durham, NC 27707 USA.
EM pmmutisya@wpo.nccu.edu
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0021-9347
J9 J BLACK STUD
JI J. Black Stud.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 35
IS 3
BP 235
EP 247
DI 10.1177/0021934704266597
PG 13
WC Ethnic Studies; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
SC Ethnic Studies; Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 877MO
UT WOS:000225574900001
ER
PT J
AU Glass, MB
Popovic, T
AF Glass, MB
Popovic, T
TI Preliminary evaluation of the API 20NE and RapID NF plus systems for
rapid identification of Burkholderia pseudomallei and B. mallei
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PSEUDOMONAS-PSEUDOMALLEI
AB We evaluated the API 20NE and the RapID NF Plus systems with 58 Burkholderia pseudomallei and 23 B. mallei strains for identification of these agents, but neither was reliable for confirmatory identification, with only 0 to 60% strains identified accurately. A greater diversity of strains in the system databases would be beneficial.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Meningitis & Special Pathogens Branch, Div & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Glass, MB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Meningitis & Special Pathogens Branch, Div & Mycot Dis, MS G34,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM mglass@cdc.gov
NR 13
TC 29
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 1
BP 479
EP 483
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.1.479-483.2005
PG 5
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 888NB
UT WOS:000226380400077
PM 15635021
ER
PT J
AU Respess, RA
Cachafeiro, A
Withum, D
Fiscus, SA
Newman, D
Branson, B
Varnier, OE
Lewis, K
Dondero, TJ
AF Respess, RA
Cachafeiro, A
Withum, D
Fiscus, SA
Newman, D
Branson, B
Varnier, OE
Lewis, K
Dondero, TJ
TI Evaluation of an ultrasensitive p24 antigen assay as a potential
alternative to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA viral load assay
in resource-limited settings
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-DENATURED PLASMA; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; HIV-1 P24;
SIGNAL-AMPLIFICATION; BOOSTED ELISA; INFECTION; PERFORMANCE; DIAGNOSIS;
SUBTYPES; INFANTS
AB An inexpensive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method for human immunodeficiency virus type I quantitation, ultrasensitive p24 antigen assay (Up24), was compared with RNA viral load assay (VL). Up24 had 100% sensitivity of detection at a viral load of greater than or equal to30,000, with sensitivity of 46.4% at a viral load of <30,000 (232 specimens from 65 seropositive subjects). The assay was highly reproducible, with excellent correlation between duplicates and among three laboratories.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV,STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
Univ Genoa, I-16126 Genoa, Italy.
RP Respess, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV,STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A-12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM rrespess@cdc.gov
NR 16
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 43
IS 1
BP 506
EP 508
DI 10.1128/JCM.43.1.506-508.2005
PG 3
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 888NB
UT WOS:000226380400085
PM 15635029
ER
PT J
AU Bile, EC
Adje-Toure, C
Borget, MY
Kalou, M
Diomande, F
Chorba, T
Nkengasong, JN
AF Bile, EC
Adje-Toure, C
Borget, MY
Kalou, M
Diomande, F
Chorba, T
Nkengasong, JN
TI Performance of drug-resistance genotypic assays among HIV-1 infected
patients with predominantly CRF02_AG strains of HIV-1 in Abidjan, Cote
d'Ivoire
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE resistance assays; Africa; HIV subtypes
ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; THERAPY; UGANDA
AB Objective: We evaluated the performance of three genotypic assays to detect resistant mutations among HIV-1 infected patients with known antiretroviral drug resistance profile in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, most of whom had the circulating recombinant form (CRF02_A/G) of HIV-1.
Methods: The 56 patients analyzed in this study were enrolled in a pilot program to make available antiretroviral therapy (ART) to HIV-infected patients in Abidjan through the UNAIDS Drug Access Initiative (DAI). These patients had failed ART, as demonstrated by rebound in RNA viral load. Their plasma samples had been previously analyzed for ART genotypic drug-resistance by VircoGEN(TM) (Mechelen, Belgium) and were known to have primary and secondary resistance mutations, and also had phenotypic drug-resistance by a recombinant virus assay technology (Mechelen, Belgium). The two assays we evaluated were: VircoGEN(TM), TruGene(TM) HIV-1, and ViroSEQ HIV-1 assays.
Results: For the reverse transcriptase gene, all 27 samples that had the T215Y/F mutation were detected by VircoGEN(TM), ViroSEQ, and TrueGene(TM) All 19 (100%) samples that had the K70R/E mutation detected by VircoGEN(TM) were detected by ViroSEQ, and 18 (94.7%) by TrueGene(TM). All ten samples with the M184V mutation, three with the K65R, two with the G190A mutation, one with the K103N mutation, and one with the V75T mutation were detected similarly by all three assays. For the protease gene, all three assays detected the I84V (n = 1), M46I (n = 1), and L90M (n = 1) mutations.
Conclusion: These results suggest that any of these assays should be considered for monitoring the occurrence of drug resistance among HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in West Africa. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div AIDS STD TB Lab Res, Atlanta, GA USA.
Projet RETRO CI, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire.
Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr STD HIV & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Nkengasong, JN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div AIDS STD TB Lab Res, Atlanta, GA USA.
EM jcn5@cdc.gov
NR 12
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1386-6532
J9 J CLIN VIROL
JI J. Clin. Virol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 1
BP 60
EP 66
DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2004.07.008
PG 7
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 885XC
UT WOS:000226189600010
PM 15572008
ER
PT J
AU Bisiacchi, PS
Tarantino, V
Tozzi, AE
D'Elia, L
De Mei, B
Shay, D
AF Bisiacchi, PS
Tarantino, V
Tozzi, AE
D'Elia, L
De Mei, B
Shay, D
TI Epidemiology of neurocognitive disorders in children: A key to
understand trends in development.
SO JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 12th Annnual Meeting of the Cognitive-Neuroscience-Society
CY APR 09-12, 2005
CL New York, NY
SP Cognit Neurosci Soc
C1 Osped Bambino Gesu, Rome, Italy.
Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RI BISIACCHI, PATRIZIA/B-8976-2008; Tozzi, Alberto Eugenio/F-9494-2012
OI BISIACCHI, PATRIZIA/0000-0003-2760-8000; Tozzi, Alberto
Eugenio/0000-0002-6884-984X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU M I T PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA
SN 0898-929X
J9 J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI
JI J. Cogn. Neurosci.
PY 2005
SU S
BP 159
EP 159
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology
GA 909RP
UT WOS:000227878701061
ER
PT J
AU Williamson, DM
Millette, D
Beauboeuf-Lafontant, T
Henry, JP
Atherton, C
AF Williamson, DM
Millette, D
Beauboeuf-Lafontant, T
Henry, JP
Atherton, C
TI Including residents in epidemiologic studies of adverse health effects
in communities with hazardous exposures
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
AB For individuals who live within the shadows of hazardous waste sites, there is a constant worry about what impact releases from these sites are having on their health and environment. Public health agencies at the local, state, and federal levels are routinely asked to investigate these concerns and determine what, if any, exposures are occuring or may have occurred in the past, and what the health risk to nearby residents may be. To ensure the credibility of research findings, full participation of affected communities is needed. Including communities in research activities can, however, be a difficult process.
This paper discusses the concerns, needs, and expectations of U.S. communities in which environmental exposures are occurring, or in which exposures have occurred in the past. Three case studies are presented in which activities were undertaken to involve a community in the research process where environmental contaminants were of concern. The strengths and limitations of these activities are discussed, and recommendations for community involvement in future research are made.
C1 ATSDR, Dept Hlth Studies, Hlth Investigat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Williamson, DM (reprint author), ATSDR, Dept Hlth Studies, Hlth Investigat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM DJW8@cdc.gov
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSN
PI DENVER
PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA
SN 0022-0892
J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH
JI J. Environ. Health
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 67
IS 6
BP 23
EP 27
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 885ZZ
UT WOS:000226197200004
PM 15690902
ER
PT J
AU Burton, NC
Adhikari, A
Grinshpun, SA
Hornung, R
Reponen, T
AF Burton, NC
Adhikari, A
Grinshpun, SA
Hornung, R
Reponen, T
TI The effect of filter material on bioaerosol collection of Bacillus
subtilis spores used as a Bacillus anthracis simulant
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL SAMPLERS; BIOTERRORISM; BACTERIA
AB The objective of this study was to determine filter materials and extraction methods that are appropriate to use for environmental sampling of B. anthracis. Four types of filters were tested: mixed cellulose ester (MCE) with a pore size of 3 μ m, polytetra fluoroethylene ( PTFE) with pore sizes of 1 and 3 μ m, and gelatin with a pore size of 3 μ m. Bacillus subtilis var. niger endospores (also known as Bacillus globigii [BG]) were used as a surrogate for B. anthracis. Endospores were collected into Button Inhalable Aerosol Samplers with sampling times of 15 minutes, 1 hour, and 4 hours. Physical collection efficiency was determined by measuring upstream and downstream B. subtilis concentrations with an optical particle counter. Vortexing with ultrasonic agitation and vortexing with shaker agitation extraction methods were evaluated. The MCE, 1 μ m PTFE, and gelatin filters provided physical collection efficiencies of 94% or greater. The 3 μ m PTFE filter showed inconsistent physical efficiency characteristics between filters. Epifluorescence microscopic analysis of the gelatin filter extraction fluid revealed the presence of contamination by non-culturable bacteria. Mean differences for microbial culturability were not statistically significant for filter materials and extraction methods. However, the vortexing with shaker agitation extraction method resulted in higher total microbial counts in the extraction fluids for MCE and 1 μ m PTFE filters when compared to vortexing with ultrasonic agitation. In summary, the MCE and 1 μ m PTFE filters in combination with vortexing and shaker extraction demonstrated the best performance for the filter collection and extraction of BG spores.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Ctr Hlth Related Aerosol Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Inst Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
RP Burton, NC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
NR 15
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 3
U2 10
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1464-0325
J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR
JI J. Environ. Monit.
PY 2005
VL 7
IS 5
BP 475
EP 480
DI 10.1039/b500056d
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 923TO
UT WOS:000228932400013
ER
PT J
AU Aylward, LL
Brunet, RC
Carrier, G
Hays, SM
Cushing, CA
Needham, LL
Patterson, DG
Gerthoux, PM
Brambilla, P
Mocarelli, P
AF Aylward, LL
Brunet, RC
Carrier, G
Hays, SM
Cushing, CA
Needham, LL
Patterson, DG
Gerthoux, PM
Brambilla, P
Mocarelli, P
TI Concentration-dependent TCDD elimination kinetics in humans:
toxicokinetic modeling for moderately to highly exposed adults from
Seveso, Italy, and Vienna, Austria, and impact on dose estimates for the
NIOSH cohort
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE ANALYSIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE TCDD; elimination kinetics; human; toxicokinetic modeling
ID DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; DIGESTIVE-TRACT ABSORPTION; OPERATION RANCH HAND;
BODY-MASS INDEX; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN TCDD; INCLUDING
HUMANS; CANCER-MORTALITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; HUMAN BLOOD; EXCRETION
AB Serial measurements of serum lipid 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) concentrations in 36 adults from Seveso, Italy, and three patients from Vienna, Austria, with initial serum lipid TCDD concentrations ranging from 130 to 144,000 ppt, were modeled using a modified version of a previously published toxicokinetic model for the distribution and elimination of dioxins. The original model structure accounted for a concentration-dependent increase in overall elimination rate for TCDD due to nonlinear distribution of TCDD to the liver ( secondary to induction of the binding protein CYP1A2), from which elimination takes place via a first-order process. The original model structure was modified to include elimination due to lipid partitioning of TCDD from circulation into the large intestine, based on published human data. We optimized the fit of the modified model to the data by varying the hepatic elimination rate parameter for each of the 39 people. The model fits indicate that there is significant interindividual variability of TCDD elimination efficiency in humans and also demonstrate faster elimination in men compared to women, and in younger vs. older persons. The data and model results indicate that, for males, the mean apparent half-life for TCDD ( as reflected in changes in predicted serum lipid TCDD level) ranges from less than 3 years at serum lipid levels above 10,000 ppt to over 10 years at serum lipid levels below 50 ppt. Application of the model to serum sampling data from the cohort of US herbicide-manufacturing workers assembled by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) indicates that previous estimates of peak serum lipid TCDD concentrations in dioxin-exposed manufacturing workers, based on first-order back-extrapolations with half-lives of 7 - 9 years, may have underestimated the maximum concentrations in these workers and other occupational cohorts by several-fold to an order of magnitude or more. Such dose estimates, based on a single sampling point decades after last exposure, are highly variable and dependent on a variety of assumptions and factors that cannot be fully determined, including interindividual variations in elimination efficiency. Dose estimates for these cohorts should be re-evaluated in light of the demonstration of concentration-dependent elimination kinetics for TCDD, and the large degree of uncertainty in back-calculated dose estimates should be explicitly incorporated in quantitative estimates of TCDD's carcinogenic potency based on such data.
C1 Exponent Inc, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
Univ Montreal, Dept Math & Stat, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
Univ Montreal, Ctr Rech Math, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Sante Environm & Sante Travail, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
Intertox, Seattle, WA 98121 USA.
Exponent Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Organ Analyt Toxicol Branch, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Univ Milano Bicocca, Desio Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, Milan, Italy.
San Leopoldo Mand Hosp, Dept Clin Pathol, Lecce, Italy.
RP Aylward, LL (reprint author), Exponent Inc, 1800 Diagonal Rd,Suite 355, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
EM laylward@exponent.com
RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Aylward, Lesa/F-7418-2012
OI Aylward, Lesa/0000-0003-3191-8175
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES07171]
NR 38
TC 78
Z9 83
U1 1
U2 14
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1053-4245
J9 J EXPO ANAL ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 1
BP 51
EP 65
DI 10.1038/sj.jea.7500370
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 884ZO
UT WOS:000226125400007
PM 15083163
ER
PT J
AU Isaacs, S
Aramini, J
Ciebin, B
Farrar, JA
Ahmed, R
Middleton, D
Chandran, AU
Harris, LJ
Howes, M
Chan, E
Pichette, AS
Campbell, K
Gupta, A
Lior, LY
Pearce, M
Clark, C
Rodgers, F
Jamieson, F
Brophy, I
Ellis, A
AF Isaacs, S
Aramini, J
Ciebin, B
Farrar, JA
Ahmed, R
Middleton, D
Chandran, AU
Harris, LJ
Howes, M
Chan, E
Pichette, AS
Campbell, K
Gupta, A
Lior, LY
Pearce, M
Clark, C
Rodgers, F
Jamieson, F
Brophy, I
Ellis, A
CA Salmonella Enteritidis PT30 Outbre
TI An international outbreak of salmonellosis associated with raw almonds
contaminated with a rare phage type of Salmonella enteritidis
SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
ID ENTERICA SEROTYPE ENTERITIDIS; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MICROBIAL FLORA; ENVIRONMENTS; CANADA; MEATS
AB During the winter of 2000 to 2001, an outbreak due to Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) phage type 30 (PT30), a rare strain. was detected in Canada. The ensuing investigation involved Canadian and American public health and food regulatory agencies and an academic research laboratory. Enhanced laboratory surveillance. including phage typing and pulsed-field eel electrophoresis, was used to identify cases. Case questionnaires were administered to collect information about food and environmental exposures. A case-control study with 16 matched case-control pairs was conducted to test the hypothesis of an association between raw whole almond consumption and infection. Almond samples were collected from case homes. retail outlets. and the implicated processor, and environmental samples were collected from processing equipment and associated farms for microbiological testing. One hundred sixty-eight laboratory-confirmed cases of SE PT30 infection (157 in Canada. I I in the United States) were identified between October 2000 and July 2001. The case-control study identified raw whole almonds as the source of infection (odds ration, 21.1; 95% confidence interval, 3.6 to infinity). SE PT30 was detected in raw whole natural almonds collected from home, retail, distribution, and warehouse sources and from environmental swabs of processing equipment and associated farmers' orchards. The frequent and prolonged recovery of this specific organism from a large agricultural area was an unexpected finding and may indicate significant diffuse contamination on these farms. Identification of almonds as the source of a foodborne outbreak is a previously undocumented finding. leading to a North American recall of this product and a review of current industry practices.
C1 Ctr Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Foodborne Waterborne & Zoonot Infect Div, Hlth Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5B2, Canada.
Minist Hlth & Long Term Care, Cent Publ Hlth Lab, Lab Branch, Etobicoke, ON M9P 3T1, Canada.
Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Food & Drug Branch, Sacramento, CA 94234 USA.
Hlth Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Natl Lab Enter Pathogens, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada.
Minist Hlth & Long Term Care, Dis Control Serv, Pub Hlth Branch, Toronto, ON M2M 4K5, Canada.
Hlth Canada, Populat & Publ Hlth Branch, Canadian Field Epidemiol Program, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Burnaby, BC V5G 4P2, Canada.
US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA.
CDC, Epidem Intelligent Serv, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Foodborne & Diarrheal Dis Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Vancouver Isl Hlth Author, Victoria, BC V8T 4E2, Canada.
Dept Hlth & Wellness, Provincial Epidemiol Serv, Fredericton, NB E3A 3N6, Canada.
RP Isaacs, S (reprint author), Ctr Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Foodborne Waterborne & Zoonot Infect Div, Hlth Canada, 160 Res Lane,Unit 206, Guelph, ON N1G 5B2, Canada.
EM sandy_isaacs@hc-sc.gc.ca
RI Harris, Linda/B-5030-2011; Jamieson, Frances/B-2040-2013
OI Harris, Linda/0000-0002-1911-752X;
NR 36
TC 116
Z9 120
U1 2
U2 25
PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION
PI DES MOINES
PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA
SN 0362-028X
J9 J FOOD PROTECT
JI J. Food Prot.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 68
IS 1
BP 191
EP 198
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology
GA 886ZU
UT WOS:000226272600031
PM 15690826
ER
PT J
AU Nisbet, DJ
Lee, KJ
van den Hurk, AF
Johansen, CA
Kuno, G
Chang, GJJ
Mackenzie, JS
Ritchie, SA
Hall, RA
AF Nisbet, DJ
Lee, KJ
van den Hurk, AF
Johansen, CA
Kuno, G
Chang, GJJ
Mackenzie, JS
Ritchie, SA
Hall, RA
TI Identification of new flaviviruses in the Kokobera virus complex
SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; CAPE-YORK PENINSULA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES;
ARBOVIRUS INFECTIONS; AUSTRALIA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; QUEENSLAND; ISOLATIONS;
SEQUENCES; HUMANS
AB Novel flavivirus isolates from mosquitoes collected in northern Australia were analysed by partial genomic sequencing, monoclonal antibody-binding assays and polyclonal cross-neutralization tests. Two isolates were found to be antigenically distinct from, but related to, viruses of the Kokobera virus complex, which currently contains Kokobera (KOKV) and Stratford (STRV) viruses. Nucleotide sequence comparison of two separate regions of the genome revealed that an isolate from Saibai Island in the Torres Strait in 2000 (TS5273) was related closely to KOKV and STRV, with 74-80 and 75-76% nucleotide similarity, respectively. An isolate from mainland Cape York in 1998 (CY1014) was found to be more divergent from KOKV and STRV, with <70% nucleotide sequence similarity to either virus. It is proposed that isolate TS5273 represents a new subtype of KOKV and that CY1014 be classified as a novel species within the Kokobera virus complex of flaviviruses, named New Mapoon virus.
C1 Univ Queensland, Sch Mol & Microbial Sci, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
Trop Publ Hlth Unit, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
James Cook Univ N Queensland, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia.
RP Hall, RA (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Mol & Microbial Sci, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM roy.hall@uq.edu.au
RI Johansen, Cheryl/A-2208-2009; van den Hurk, Andrew/G-7992-2012
NR 25
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 10
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG,
BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1317
J9 J GEN VIROL
JI J. Gen. Virol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 86
BP 121
EP 124
DI 10.1099/vir.0.80381-0
PN 1
PG 4
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
GA 888QT
UT WOS:000226390000014
PM 15604438
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, B
Seeger, MW
AF Reynolds, B
Seeger, MW
TI Crisis and emergency risk communication as an integrative model
SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT National-Communication-Association Convention
CY NOV 19-23, 2002
CL Miami, FL
ID FEAR APPEALS
AB This article describes a model of communication known as crisis and emergency risk communication (CERC). The model is outlined as a merger of many, traditional notions of health and risk communication with work in crisis and disaster communication. The specific kinds of communication activities that should be called for at various stages of disaster or crisis development are outlined. Although crises are by definition uncertain, equivocal, and often chaotic situations, the CERC model is presented as a tool health communicators can use to help manage these complex events.
C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Commun, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Commun, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Seeger, MW (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Commun, 585 Manooqian Hall, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
EM Matthew.Seeger@Wayne.edu
NR 45
TC 121
Z9 125
U1 7
U2 49
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1081-0730
J9 J HEALTH COMMUN
JI J. Health Commun.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 10
IS 1
BP 43
EP 55
DI 10.1080/10810730590904571
PG 13
WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science
SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science
GA 903PP
UT WOS:000227438400004
PM 15764443
ER
PT J
AU Appleby, PR
Marks, G
Ayala, A
Miller, LC
Murphy, S
Mansergh, G
AF Appleby, PR
Marks, G
Ayala, A
Miller, LC
Murphy, S
Mansergh, G
TI Consideration of future consequences and unprotected anal intercourse
among men who have sex with men
SO JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY
LA English
DT Article
DE MSM; HIV/AIDS; predictors of sexual risk; consideration of future
consequences
ID TIME PERSPECTIVE; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; DIMENSIONS; RISK; BAREBACKING;
ORIENTATION; BEHAVIOR
AB This study of men who have sex with men (MSM) examined whether tendencies to consider the future consequences of one's actions were associated with sexual behaviors that place oneself at risk for HIV infection. A total of 339 HIV-negative MSM responded to the Consideration of Future Consequences Scale (CFC; Strathman et al., 1994) and to questions about their anal intercourse practices in the past year. In bivariate analyses, men with a stronger future orientation were less likely to engage in anal intercourse unprotected by a condom (P <.05). Multivariate analyses revealed that CFC accounted for significant variance in three of four measures of unprotected anal sex after statistically controlling for demographic covariates (education, income, ethnicity, age). CFC was a better predictor of sexual behavior and accounted for more unique variance than any of the demographic factors. Additional research is needed to confirm that CFC is an antecedent of behavior and to examine the feasibility and efficacy of focusing on CFC in HIV prevention interventions.
C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Appleby, PR (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM appleby@usc.edu
RI Miller, Lynn/E-8101-2010
OI Miller, Lynn/0000-0003-3379-3564
NR 32
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 5
PU HAWORTH PRESS INC
PI BINGHAMTON
PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA
SN 0091-8369
J9 J HOMOSEXUAL
JI J. Homosex.
PY 2005
VL 50
IS 1
BP 119
EP 133
DI 10.1300/J082v50n01_06
PG 15
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 019DA
UT WOS:000235814600006
PM 16368667
ER
PT J
AU Dull, PM
Abdelwahab, J
Sacchi, CT
Becker, M
Noble, CA
Barnett, GA
Kaiser, RM
Mayer, LW
Whitney, AM
Schmink, S
Ajello, GW
Dolan-Livengood, J
Stephens, DS
Cetron, MS
Popovic, T
Rosenstein, NE
AF Dull, PM
Abdelwahab, J
Sacchi, CT
Becker, M
Noble, CA
Barnett, GA
Kaiser, RM
Mayer, LW
Whitney, AM
Schmink, S
Ajello, GW
Dolan-Livengood, J
Stephens, DS
Cetron, MS
Popovic, T
Rosenstein, NE
TI Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W-135 carriage among US travelers to
the 2001 Hajj
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; EXPRESSION; DIVERSITY; PILGRIMS;
CONTACTS; CAPSULE; COMPLEX
AB In 2000, a large international outbreak of meningococcal disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W-135 was identified among pilgrims returning from the Hajj in Saudi Arabia. To assess ongoing risk, we evaluated N. meningitidis carriage among US travelers to the 2001 Hajj. Of 25 N. meningitidis isolates obtained, 15 (60%) were nongroupable and 8 (32%) were serogroup W-135 when tested by standard slide-agglutination techniques. Two additional nongroupable isolates were characterized as serogroup W-135 when tested by polymerase chain reaction. Nine of 10 serogroup W-135 isolates were indistinguishable from the Hajj-2000 clone. None of the departing, but 9 (1.3%) of the returning, pilgrims carried serogroup W-135 (P = .01); all carriers reported previous vaccination. Carriage of N. meningitidis serogroup W-135 increased significantly in pilgrims returning from the Hajj. Although the risk of disease to pilgrims appears to be low, the risk of spread to others of this pathogenic strain remains a concern.
C1 Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Epidem Intelligene Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
CDCP, Epidemiol Sect, Meningitis & Special Pathogens Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis,NCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Prevent Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Rosenstein, NE (reprint author), CDC, Epidemiol Sect, Meningitis & Special Pathogens Branch, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis,NCID, C-09,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM nar5@cdc.gov
RI Stephens, David/A-8788-2012
NR 25
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD JAN 1
PY 2005
VL 191
IS 1
BP 33
EP 39
DI 10.1086/425927
PG 7
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 877JF
UT WOS:000225564000006
PM 15593000
ER
PT J
AU Kayentao, K
Kodio, M
Newman, RD
Maiga, H
Doumtabe, D
Ongoiba, A
Coulibaly, D
Keita, AS
Maiga, B
Mungai, M
Parise, ME
Doumbo, O
AF Kayentao, K
Kodio, M
Newman, RD
Maiga, H
Doumtabe, D
Ongoiba, A
Coulibaly, D
Keita, AS
Maiga, B
Mungai, M
Parise, ME
Doumbo, O
TI Comparison of intermittent preventive treatment with chemoprophylaxis
for the prevention of malaria during pregnancy in Mali
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; PARASITE PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM;
SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; RURAL MALAWI; CHLOROQUINE CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS;
INFECTION; EFFICACY; PROPHYLAXIS; RESISTANCE; MORBIDITY
AB Background. Malaria during pregnancy contributes to maternal anemia and low birth weight. In East Africa, several studies have demonstrated that intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is more efficacious than weekly chloroquine (CQ) chemoprophylaxis in preventing these adverse consequences. To our knowledge, there are no published trials evaluating IPT in West Africa.
Methods. We undertook a randomized controlled trial of weekly CQ chemoprophylaxis, 2-dose IPT with CQ, and 2-dose IPT with SP; 1163 women were enrolled.
Results. In multivariate analyses, when compared with weekly CQ, IPT/SP was associated with a reduction in third-trimester anemia (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.49; P < .001), placental parasitemia (AOR, 0.69; P = .04), and low birth weight (<2500 g) (AOR, 0.69; P = .04). The prevalence of placental infection remained. unexpectedly high, even in the IPT/SP group (24.5%), possibly because of the intensity of seasonal transmission. There were no significant differences in stillbirths, spontaneous abortions, or neonatal deaths among the 3 groups.
Conclusions. In Mali, IPT with SP appears more efficacious than weekly chloroquine chemoprophylaxis in preventing malaria during pregnancy. These data support World Health Organization recommendations to administer at least 2 doses of IPT during pregnancy. In intensely seasonal transmission settings in Mali, 12 doses may be required to prevent placental reinfection prior to delivery.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Univ Bamako, Fac Med & Dent, Dept Epidemiol & Parasit Dis, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Bamako, Mali.
RP Newman, RD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM ren5@cdc.gov
NR 29
TC 87
Z9 87
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD JAN 1
PY 2005
VL 191
IS 1
BP 109
EP 116
DI 10.1086/426400
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 877JF
UT WOS:000225564000017
PM 15593011
ER
PT J
AU Arnon, SS
Schechter, R
Maslanka, S
Hatheway, CL
AF Arnon, SS
Schechter, R
Maslanka, S
Hatheway, CL
TI Randomized and open-label clinical trials of human botulism immune
globulin intravenous for the treatment of infant botulism.
SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU B C DECKER INC
PI HAMILTON
PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7,
CANADA
SN 1081-5589
J9 J INVEST MED
JI J. Invest. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 1
SU S
MA 436
BP S154
EP S154
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 890VR
UT WOS:000226539700449
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, J
Chambers, T
Koren, G
Lavigne, S
Miller, R
Polifka, J
Moore, C
Carey, IC
AF Robertson, J
Chambers, T
Koren, G
Lavigne, S
Miller, R
Polifka, J
Moore, C
Carey, IC
TI Why do pregnancies continue to occur on isotretinoin: Results of a
survey study.
SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Teratol Informat Serv, Toronto, ON, Canada.
CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU B C DECKER INC
PI HAMILTON
PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7,
CANADA
SN 1081-5589
J9 J INVEST MED
JI J. Invest. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 1
SU S
MA 333
BP S136
EP S136
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 890VR
UT WOS:000226539700346
ER
PT J
AU Washington, CH
Lovegrove, MC
BeaudeRochars, M
Sivilus, JS
Addiss, DG
Lammie, PJ
Streit, TG
AF Washington, CH
Lovegrove, MC
BeaudeRochars, M
Sivilus, JS
Addiss, DG
Lammie, PJ
Streit, TG
TI Assessment of lymphatic filariasis transmission in areas of low
prevalence in Haiti.
SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Trop Dis Res & Training, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
Hop St Croix, Filariasis Program, Leogane, Haiti.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU B C DECKER INC
PI HAMILTON
PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7,
CANADA
SN 1081-5589
J9 J INVEST MED
JI J. Invest. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 53
IS 1
SU S
MA 442
BP S155
EP S155
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 890VR
UT WOS:000226539700455
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, CP
Mallon, KP
Leadbetter, S
Pollack, LA
Peipins, LA
AF Cooper, CP
Mallon, KP
Leadbetter, S
Pollack, LA
Peipins, LA
TI Cancer Internet search activity on a major search engine, United States
2001-2003
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Internet; neoplasms; health education
ID NEWSPAPER COVERAGE; MEDICAL INFORMATION; PROSTATE-CANCER; HEALTH;
POPULATION; DISEASES; IMPACT; DEATH; RISK; NEWS
AB Background: To locate online health information, Internet users typically use a search engine, such as Yahoo! or Google. We studied Yahoo! search activity related to the 23 most common cancers in the United States.
Objective: The objective was to test three potential correlates of Yahoo! cancer search activity-estimated cancer incidence, estimated cancer mortality, and the volume of cancer news coverage-and to study the periodicity of and peaks in Yahoo! cancer search activity.
Methods: Yahoo! cancer search activity was obtained from a proprietary database called the Yahoo! Buzz Index. The American Cancer Society's estimates of cancer incidence and mortality were used. News reports associated with specific cancer types were identified using the LexisNexis "US News" database, which includes more than 400 national and regional newspapers and a variety of newswire services.
Results: The Yahoo! search activity associated with specific cancers correlated with their estimated incidence (Spearman rank correlation, p = 0.50, P =.0 15), estimated mortality (p = 0.66, P =.001), and volume of related news coverage (p = 0.88, P <.001). Yahoo! cancer search activity tended to be higher on weekdays and during national cancer awareness months but lower during summer months; cancer news coverage also tended to follow these trends. Sharp increases in Yahoo! search activity scores from one day to the next appeared to be associated with increases in relevant news coverage.
Conclusions: Media coverage appears to play a powerful role in prompting online searches for cancer information. Internet search activity offers an innovative tool for passive surveillance of health information-seeking behavior.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Pollack, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM lpollack@cdc.gov
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
PI TORONTO
PA TORONTO GENERAL HOSPITAL, R FRASER ELLIOTT BLDG, 4TH FL, R 4S435, 190
ELIZABETH ST, TORONTO, ON M5G 2C4, CANADA
SN 1438-8871
J9 J MED INTERNET RES
JI J. Med. Internet Res.
PY 2005
VL 7
IS 3
DI 10.2196/jmir.7.3.e36
PG 9
WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics
SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics
GA 970JS
UT WOS:000232304600007
ER
PT J
AU Levett, PN
Morey, RE
Galloway, RL
Turner, DE
Steigerwalt, AG
Mayer, LW
AF Levett, PN
Morey, RE
Galloway, RL
Turner, DE
Steigerwalt, AG
Mayer, LW
TI Detection of pathogenic leptospires by real-time quantitative PCR
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MEMBRANE PROTEIN LIPL32; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M;
HUMAN-SERUM; ASSAY; DIAGNOSIS; INFECTION
AB Definitive diagnosis of leptospirosis has traditionally depended upon the isolation of leptospires from clinical specimens or the demonstration of seroconversion in paired acute and convalescent serum samples. Both of these approaches require expertise not routinely available in clinical Laboratories and usually result in delayed diagnosis. Conventional PCR assays have been developed, bull all have limitations which have restricted their widespread use. In order to overcome these limitations a real-time PCR assay was developed using a 423 bp target on the lipL32 gene, which is conserved among pathogenic serovars of Leptospira. Reactions were monitored by SYBR green fluorescence and melting curve analysis. Representative serovars from 16 species of Leptospira and over 40 species of other bacteria and fungi were tested. Positive results were obtained with all pathogenic leptospiral serovars, with the exception of Leptospira fainei serovar Hurstbridge. The analytical sensitivity of this assay was 3 genome equivalents per reaction; approximately 10 genome equivalents were detectable in human urine. Leptospiral DNA was amplified from blood containing EDTA or citrate anticoagulants, but heparin, sodium polyanetholesulfonate and saponin were inhibitory. The assay successfully detected leptospiral DNA from serum and urine samples of patients with leptospirosis. This assay has the potential to facilitate rapid, sensitive diagnosis of acute leptospirosis.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Meningitis & Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Levett, PN (reprint author), Saskatchewan Hlth, Provincial Lab, 3211 Albert St, Regina, SK S4S 5W6, Canada.
EM plevett@health.gov.sk.ca
NR 27
TC 115
Z9 129
U1 2
U2 10
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG,
BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2615
J9 J MED MICROBIOL
JI J. Med. Microbiol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 54
IS 1
BP 45
EP 49
DI 10.1099/jmm.0.45860-0
PG 5
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 892VF
UT WOS:000226677400008
PM 15591254
ER
PT J
AU Law, MR
Palomaki, G
Alfirevic, Z
Gilbert, R
Heath, P
McCartney, C
Reid, T
Schrag, S
AF Law, MR
Palomaki, G
Alfirevic, Z
Gilbert, R
Heath, P
McCartney, C
Reid, T
Schrag, S
TI The prevention of neonatal group B streptococcal disease: a report by a
working group of the Medical Screening Society
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCREENING
LA English
DT Article
ID SELECTIVE INTRAPARTUM CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; TOXOID CONJUGATE VACCINE;
PREGNANT-WOMEN; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; INVASIVE DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS;
INFECTION; POLYSACCHARIDE; SEPSIS; COLONIZATION
AB Streptococcus agalactiae, or Lancefield group B streptococcus (GBS), is the most frequent cause of serious bacterial sepsis, including neonatal meningitis, in UK neonates. Early-onset neonatal GBS infection, but not late-onset, can be prevented by screening to identify high-risk pregnancies and administering penicillin during delivery. g delivery. A vaccine has been developed as an alternative means of g penicillin during prevention but it is awaiting a randomized trial before being available for general use. In this review we examine the published literature to assess the morbidity and mortality attributable to neonatal GBS infection, quantify the screening performance of the two alternative modes of screening (microbiological and risk factor based), review the evidence on the efficacy of the vaccine, and estimate the numbers of deaths and cases of serious disability that each strategy in turn might prevent in the UK, in order to assess the most effective means of prevention for the UK.
C1 Barts & London Queen Marys Sch Med & Dent, Wolfson Inst Prevent Med, London EC1M 6BQ, England.
Women & Infants Hosp Rhode Isl, Dept Pathol, Div Med Screening, Providence, RI USA.
Liverpool Womens Hosp, Liverpool L8 7SS, Merseyside, England.
Inst Child Hlth, Ctr Paediat Epidemiol & Biostat, London WC1N 1EH, England.
St George Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Child Hlth, London SW17 0RE, England.
Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, London NW9 5HT, England.
Grampian Univ Hosp Trust, Dept Med Microbiol, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, Scotland.
Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Law, MR (reprint author), Barts & London Queen Marys Sch Med & Dent, Wolfson Inst Prevent Med, Charterhouse Sq, London EC1M 6BQ, England.
EM m.r.law@qmul.ac.uk
NR 55
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND
SN 0969-1413
J9 J MED SCREEN
JI J. Med. Screen.
PY 2005
VL 12
IS 2
BP 60
EP 68
DI 10.1258/0969141053908366
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 002CQ
UT WOS:000234589400004
PM 15949116
ER
PT J
AU Kalish, RB
Branum, A
Sharma, G
Keith, LG
Blickstein, I
AF Kalish, RB
Branum, A
Sharma, G
Keith, LG
Blickstein, I
TI Gestational age-specific distribution of twin birth weight discordance
SO JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE birth weight; discordance; fetal growth; multifetal gestation; neonatal
mortality; twins
ID GROWTH DISCORDANCY; FETAL-GROWTH; NEONATAL-MORTALITY; PRETERM BIRTH;
UNITED-STATES; PREGNANCIES; RISK; DIFFERENCE; PREDICTION
AB Aim: To examine the gestational age-specific distribution of twin birth weight discordance.
Methods: We analyzed all liveborn twin sets between 28 and 40 weeks' gestation from the United States 1995-1998 Multiple Matched Birth Data Set compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics. We calculated the 50th and 95th percentiles of birth weight discordance at each gestational age. Neonatal mortality rates were calculated for discordant twins at the 95th percentile of birth weight discordance for each gestational age.
Results: At older gestational ages, the 95th percentile of birth weight discordance resulted in an inter-twin birth weight difference of approximately 25%, a value often used to define twins as birth weight discordant. However, at earlier gestational ages, the 95th percentile of birth weight discordance was greater, reaching nearly 50% at 28 weeks.
Conclusions: The inter-twin birth weight difference at the 95th percentile is greater at lower gestational ages, possibly illustrating the different nature or severity of twin birth weight discordance at an earlier gestational age.
C1 Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, New York, NY 10021 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Infant & Child Hlth Studies Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Feinberg Sch Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
NW Mem Hosp, Matern Ctr, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Kaplan Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Rehovot, Israel.
Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Med Sch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel.
RP Kalish, RB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, 525 E 68th St,Suite J-130, New York, NY 10021 USA.
EM robinkal@aol.com
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0300-5577
J9 J PERINAT MED
JI J. Perinat. Med.
PY 2005
VL 33
IS 2
BP 117
EP 120
DI 10.1515/JPM.2005.022
PG 4
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics
GA 912FF
UT WOS:000228062300006
PM 15843260
ER
PT J
AU Arrington, MI
Grant, CH
Vanderford, ML
AF Arrington, MI
Grant, CH
Vanderford, ML
TI Man to man and side by side, they cope with prostate cancer: Self-help
and social support
SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Kentucky Conference on Health Communication
CY 1998
CL Lexington, KY
DE prostate cancer; social support; self-help; group facilitator
ID HEALTH BEHAVIORS; BREAST-CANCER; STRESS; SURVIVAL; INTEGRATION; FAMILY
AB Prostate cancer affects men and their loved ones; consequently, survivors and their wives can gain from social support throughout the illness experience. After observing meetings of a support group for prostate cancer survivors and their partners, the authors used the constant comparison method to draw conclusions about the types of support generated in the men's and women's divisions of the group. The authors concluded that both divisions served as sites of information but not as scenes of practical assistance. The authors also found that the discursive practices of the groups and the structural elements of the group meetings inhibited emotional support through topic turning, comparisons between members, and the role of group facilitators. The authors consider the study's implications for support group leaders and scholars.
C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Commun, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
E Carolina Univ, Sch Commun, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Arrington, MI (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Commun, 247 Grehan Bldg, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM michaelarrington@uky.edu; Grantc@mail.ecu.edu; mev7@cdc.gov
NR 41
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 2
PU HAWORTH PRESS INC
PI BINGHAMTON
PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA
SN 0734-7332
J9 J PSYCHOSOC ONCOL
JI J. Psychosoc. Oncol.
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 4
BP 81
EP 102
DI 10.1300/J077v23n04_05
PG 22
WC Psychology, Social
SC Psychology
GA 050DD
UT WOS:000238066800005
PM 16618689
ER
PT J
AU Valdiserri, RO
AF Valdiserri, RO
TI A future free of HIV: What will it take?
SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30342 USA.
RP Valdiserri, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E07, Atlanta, GA 30342 USA.
EM rov1@cdc.gov
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1078-4659
J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN
JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 1
EP 3
PG 3
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 914QU
UT WOS:000228243400001
PM 15692285
ER
PT J
AU Niskar, AS
Buchanan, S
Meyer, PA
AF Niskar, AS
Buchanan, S
Meyer, PA
TI A federal agency's role in fulfilling the public health core functions:
The Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program model
SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
DE assessment; assurance; CDC; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;
childhood lead poisoning; policy; prevention; public health core
functions
ID LOCAL HEALTH; NATIONAL SURVEY; PRIVATIZATION; EXPOSURE; DEPARTMENTS;
PERFORMANCE; DIRECTORS; EDUCATION; CHILDREN
AB The Institute of Medicine identified 3 core functions of public health: assessment, policy development, and assurance. Federal, state, and local public health agencies all have an obligation to provide these vital functions to ensure conditions in which people can be healthy. However, the few publications that provide core function applications only focus on applications at the local or state levels. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program uses a comprehensive public health approach. This article describes the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's leading role in applying the core public health functions to prevent childhood lead poisoning.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Niskar, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop F-40, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 55
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1078-4659
J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN
JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 1
BP 50
EP 58
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 914QU
UT WOS:000228243400009
PM 15692293
ER
PT J
AU Yeung, SS
Genaidy, A
Deddens, J
Sauter, S
AF Yeung, SS
Genaidy, A
Deddens, J
Sauter, S
TI The relationship between protective and risk characteristics of acting
and experienced workload, and musculoskeletal disorder cases among
nurses
SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE musculoskeletal symptoms; single body regions; work demands; work
energizers; nursing
ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; JOB-STRESS MODELS; NURSING
PERSONNEL; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; WORKING POPULATION; RANDOM SAMPLE;
BODY REGIONS; SYMPTOMS; INJURIES
AB Problems: Limited research is available on the acting (work characteristics) and experienced (perceived stress) workload of nurses. The relationship between risk and protective characteristics of work-related factors and the prevalence of musculoskletal symptoms in different body regions is also unclear. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design with 97 female registered nurses working in a hospital setting. Two surveys were used to document the workload exposure of the nurses. One survey consisted of 148 items aimed to measure the acting workload variables from the environment; the other survey included 33 items that were aimed to measure the nurses' experienced workload. The musculoskeletal outcomes were documented with a modified version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Survey. Results: Factor analyses revealed three factors that accounted for 56% of the total variance. Factor 1 (i.e., integrated experienced energy replenishment/ expenditure) represented the psychological effects of work characteristics, effort, perceived risk, and performance. Factor 2 (i.e., acting energy replenishment/expenditure) consisted of non-physical variables of the work characteristics, while Factor 3 (i.e., acting energy expenditure) included both acting and experienced workload. Logistic regression analyses indicated that Factor 3 was significantly associated with the musculoskeletal symptoms of lower and upper back, hands/wrists, and knees/lower legs (odds ratios > 1.0). Factor 2 was significantly associated with the musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper back and knees/lower legs (odds ratios < 1.0). Summary: Both the acting and experienced workloads exhibited associations with musculoskeletal outcomes in the lower back, upper back, hands/wrists, and knees/lower legs in terms of risk and protective effects. (c) 2005 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Cincinnati, Ind & Mfg Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Rehabil Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
RP Genaidy, A (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Ind & Mfg Engn Program, Mail Locat 0072, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM ash.genaidy@uc.edu
NR 68
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4375
J9 J SAFETY RES
JI J. Saf. Res.
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 1
BP 85
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2004.12.002
PG 11
WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation
SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation
GA 907VA
UT WOS:000227744900009
PM 15752486
ER
PT J
AU Hendricks, KJ
Myers, JR
Layne, LA
Goldcamp, EM
AF Hendricks, KJ
Myers, JR
Layne, LA
Goldcamp, EM
TI Household youth on minority operated farms in the United States, 2000:
Exposures to and injuries from work, horses, ATVs and tractors
SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE agriculture; surveillance; minority; injury; youth
ID NORTH-CAROLINA; AGRICULTURAL INJURY; CHILDREN; HAZARDS; RECALL
AB Introduction: It is likely that youth living on minority operated farms (< 3% of U.S. farms) face hazards similar to the general farm population; however, since minority youth are not well represented by general farm surveys, this information hasn't been confirmed. Method: Nonfatal injury and exposure data were obtained from the 2000 Minority Farm Operator Childhood Agricultural Injury Survey (M-CAIS). Results: On racial minority farms, there were an estimated 28,600 household youth. Of these, about 41% worked, 26% rode a horse, 23% drove an ATV, and 23% operated a tractor. On Hispanic farms, there were an estimated 17,998 household youth. Of these, 44% worked, 30% rode a horse, 27% drove an ATV, and 25% operated a tractor. Conclusions: These results show the value of conducting a survey of minorities to identify high risk groups and target issues that may be unique to the minority farm population. © 2005 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Hendricks, KJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM khendricks@cdc.gov
NR 38
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4375
J9 J SAFETY RES
JI J. Saf. Res.
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 149
EP 157
DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.01.002
PG 9
WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation
SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation
GA 932PE
UT WOS:000229565000005
PM 15882873
ER
PT J
AU Dellinger, AM
AF Dellinger, AM
TI Non-fatal transportation injuries among women: Differences in injury
patterns and severity by age
SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID MAJOR TRAUMA; MEN; OUTCOMES
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Dellinger, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM adellinger@cdc.gov
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4375
J9 J SAFETY RES
JI J. Saf. Res.
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 2
BP 203
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.02.002
PG 4
WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation
SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation
GA 932PE
UT WOS:000229565000011
PM 15885704
ER
PT J
AU Biddle, E
Ray, T
Owusu-Edusei, K
Camm, T
AF Biddle, E
Ray, T
Owusu-Edusei, K
Camm, T
TI Synthesis and recommendations of the economic evaluation of OHS
interventions at the company level conference
SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Economic Evaluation of Occupational Health
and Safety Interventions at the Company Level
CY NOV, 2004
CL Washington, DC
SP Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, WHO, Int Labour Org, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Int Commiss Occupat Hlth
DE occupational health and safety; economic evaluation; corporate
enterprises; small and medium enterprises; developing and transitioning
nations; economic theory
AB Problem: In today's economic environment, enterprises may not be able to fund every new project aimed at promoting health and safety in the workplace. Company level economic evaluation of interventions can provide guidance in sound business decision-making. The Economic Evaluation of Occupational Health and Safety Interventions at the Company Level Meeting brought together members of the global occupational safety and health community interested in encouraging the use of economic knowledge and tools to evaluate economic gains from occupational health and safety interventions. Discussion: Discussions of the six models presented explored similarities, reliability, and potential use by corporate enterprises, small and medium enterprises, developing and transitioning nations, and economic theorists. Each group provided specific projects that could be pursued to advance knowledge in the area of economic evaluation at the company level. Conclusion: This conference established pathway to incorporate economic evaluation of health and safety interventions or programs at the workplace. (c) 2005 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
RP Biddle, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,M-S 1811, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM EBiddle@cdc.gov
NR 0
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4375
J9 J SAFETY RES
JI J. Saf. Res.
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 3
BP 261
EP 267
DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.06.008
PG 7
WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation
SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation
GA 954LI
UT WOS:000231156200008
PM 16038935
ER
PT J
AU Paulozzi, LJ
AF Paulozzi, LJ
TI The role of sales of new motorcycles in a recent increase in motorcycle
mortality rates
SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE motor vehicle; motorcycle; injury; surveillance; traffic accident
ID INJURY; RISK
AB introduction: The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has reported that mortality rates from crashes among motorcycle riders in the United States increased from 21.0 per 100 million motorcycle miles traveled in 1997 to 38.4 per 100 million motorcycle miles traveled in 2003. At the same time, annual domestic sales of new, on-road motorcycles increased from 247,000 in 1997 to 648,000 in 2003. Method: This study used data from the NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System and annual sales figures for on-road motorcycles to determine if newer motorcycles were more likely to be involved in fatal crashes and if fatal crashes involving newer motorcycles could account for the mortality increase after 1997. Results: Mortality rates were 7.9, 8.1, 5.4, and 2.9 per 10,000 motorcycles sold for motorcycles < 1, 1-3, 4-6, and 7-11 years old, respectively, from 1994 to 2003. Assuming complete registration, the number of motorcycles sold during the 2000-2003 time period accounted for 42.4% of the total number of motorcycles registered in 2003. Motorcycles sold during 2000-2003 were associated with 52.5% of all motorcycle deaths in 2003. The increase in the number of deaths associated with motorcycles less than four years old between 1997 and 2003 accounted for 78.1% of the total increase in motorcyclist deaths over this time period. Conclusions: Two possible explanations for the association between high sales volumes and mortality rates are: (a) increased exposure from more extensive use of motorcycles when they are new; and (b) inexperience with motorcycle riding or with specific motorcycles. Impact on industry: This study suggests that the deaths of growing numbers of motorcyclists are a consequence of the financial success of the motorcycle industry. (c) 2005 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Paulozzi, LJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM Lbp4@cdc.gov
NR 11
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4375
J9 J SAFETY RES
JI J. Saf. Res.
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 4
BP 361
EP 364
DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.07.002
PG 4
WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation
SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation
GA 982HP
UT WOS:000233149000007
PM 16213526
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, JA
AF Stevens, JA
TI Falls among older adults - risk factors and prevention strategies
SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE elderly; falls; injury; interventions; prevention
AB The Journal of Safety Research has partnered with the Injury Center at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, to briefly report on some of the latest findings in the research community. This report is the third in a series of CDC articles. Look for other such articles in future issue of the Journal of Safety Research. (c) 2005 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Stevens, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM jas2@cdc.gov
NR 15
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4375
J9 J SAFETY RES
JI J. Saf. Res.
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 4
BP 409
EP 411
DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2005.08.001
PG 3
WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation
SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social
Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation
GA 982HP
UT WOS:000233149000012
PM 16242155
ER
PT J
CA Global Tobacco Surveillance Syst Collaborating Grp
TI Global tobacco surveillance system (GTSS): Purpose, production, and
potential
SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID YOUTH
AB The World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) developed the Global Tobacco Surveillance System (GTSS) to assist all 192 WHO Member States in collecting data on youth and adult tobacco use. The flexible GTSS system includes common data items but allows countries to include important unique information at their discretion. It uses a common survey methodology, similar field procedures for data collection, and similar data management and processing techniques. The GTSS includes collection of data through three surveys: the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) for youth, and the Global School Personnel Survey (GSPS) and the Global Health Professional Survey (GHPS) for adults. GTSS data potentially can be applied in four ways. First, countries and research partners can disseminate data through publications, presentations, and an active GTSS web site. Second, countries can use GTSS data to inform politicians about the tobacco problem in their country, leading to new policy decisions to prevent and control tobacco use. Third, GTSS can provide countries with valuable feedback to evaluate and improve Country National Action Plans or develop new plans. Fourth, in response to the WHO FCTC call for countries to use consistent methods and procedures in their surveillance efforts, GTSS offers such consistency in sampling procedures, core questionnaire items, training infield procedures, and analysis of data across all survey sites. The GTSS represents the most comprehensive tobacco surveillance system ever developed and implemented. As an example, this paper describes development of the GYTS and discusses potential uses of he data. Sample data were drawn from 38 sites in 24 countries in the African Region, 82 sites in 35 countries in the Americas Region, 20 sites in 17 countries and the Gaza Strip/West Bank region in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 25 sites in 22 countries in the European Region, 34 sites in six countries in the Southeast Asia Region, and 25 sites in 14 countries in the Western Pacific Region.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS- K50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SCHOOL HEALTH ASSOC
PI KENT
PA PO BOX 708, KENT, OH 44240 USA
SN 0022-4391
J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH
JI J. Sch. Health
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 75
IS 1
BP 15
EP 24
PG 10
WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines;
Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services;
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 896RW
UT WOS:000226952200004
ER
PT J
AU Oster, NV
Mcphillips-Tangum, CA
Averhoff, F
Howell, K
AF Oster, NV
Mcphillips-Tangum, CA
Averhoff, F
Howell, K
TI Barriers to adolescent immunization: A survey of family physicians and
pediatricians
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
ID VARICELLA VACCINATION; IMPLEMENTATION; BEHAVIOR; HEALTH; FOCUS
AB Background: Although early childhood vaccination rates have increased, many adolescents are not up to date on recommended vaccinations. We assessed attitudes and practices of family physicians and pediatricians regarding adolescent vaccination to identify provider-level barriers that may contribute to low immunization rates.
Methods: A 94-item self-report questionnaire was mailed to 400 physicians contracted with a managed care organization. Physicians were queried about demographic characteristics, source of vaccine recommendations, adolescent immunization practices, barriers to immunizing adolescents, and use of reminder/recall systems.
Results: Response rate was 59%. Most respondents reported routinely recommending vaccines for tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (98%), Hepatitis B (90%), and measles, mumps, and rubella (84%), whereas 60% routinely recommended varicella vaccine. Physicians reported that they were more likely to assess immunization status, administer indicated immunizations, and schedule return immunization visits to younger adolescents (11 to 13 years old) than to older adolescents (14 to 18 and 19 to 21 years old).
Conclusion: Most respondents reported recommending the appropriate vaccinations during preventive health visits; however, older adolescents were least likely to be targeted for immunization assessment and administration of all recommended vaccines.
C1 ECHOQ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Oster, NV (reprint author), ECHOQ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 6th Floor,1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM noster@sph.emory.edu
NR 17
TC 60
Z9 60
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER BOARD FAMILY PRACTICE
PI LEXINGTON
PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA
SN 0893-8652
J9 J AM BOARD FAM PRACT
JI J. Am. Board Fam. Pract.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 18
IS 1
BP 13
EP 19
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 897CT
UT WOS:000226982300003
PM 15709059
ER
PT J
AU Coresh, J
Byrd-Holt, D
Astor, BC
Briggs, JP
Eggers, PW
Lacher, DA
Hostetter, TH
AF Coresh, J
Byrd-Holt, D
Astor, BC
Briggs, JP
Eggers, PW
Lacher, DA
Hostetter, TH
TI Chronic kidney disease awareness, prevalence, and trends among US
adults, 1999 to 2000
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH;
GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION RATE; HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; SERUM
CREATININE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; POPULATION; INSUFFICIENCY
AB The incidence of kidney failure treatment in the United States increased 57% from 1991 to 2000. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence was 11% among U.S. adults surveyed in 1988 to 1994. The objective of this study was to estimate awareness of CKD in the U.S. population during 1999 to 2000 and to determine whether the prevalence of CKD in the United States increased compared with 1988 to 1994. Analysis was conducted of nationally representative samples of noninstitutionalized adults, aged 20 yr and older, in two National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 1988 to 1994 (n = 15,488) and 1999 to 2000 (n = 4101) for prevalence SE. Awareness of CKD is self-reported. Kidney function (GFR), kidney damage (microalbuminuria or greater), and stages of CKD (GFR and albuminuria) were estimated from calibrated serum creatinine, spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR), age, gender, and race. GFR was estimated using the simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation. Self-reported awareness of weak or failing kidneys in 1999 to 2000 was strongly associated with decreased kidney function and albuminuria but was low even in the presence of both conditions. Only 24.3 +/- 6.4% of patients at GFR 15 to 59 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) and albuminuria were aware of CKD compared with 1.1 +/- 0.3% at GFR of 90 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) or greater and no microalbuminuria. At moderately decreased kidney function (GFR 30 to 59 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)), awareness was much lower among women than men (2.9 +/- 1.6 versus 17.9 +/- 5.9%; P = 0.008). The prevalence of moderately or severely decreased kidney function (GFR 15 to 59 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)) remained stable over the past decade (4.4 +/- 0.3% in 1988 to 1994 and 3.8 +/- 0.4% in 1999 to 2000; P = 0.23). At the same time, the prevalence of albuminuria (ACR 2: 30 mg/g) in single spot urine increased from 8.2 +/- 0.4% to 10.1 +/- 0.7% (P = 0.01). Overall CKD prevalence was similar in both surveys (9% using ACR > 30 mg/g for persistent microalbuminuria; 11% in 1988 to 1994 and 12% in 1999 to 2000 using gender-specific ACR cutoffs). Despite a high prevalence, CKD awareness in the U.S. population is low. In contrast to the dramatic increase in treated kidney failure, overall CKD prevalence in the U.S. population has been relatively stable.
C1 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD USA.
Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Soc & Sci Syst Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NIDDKD, Div Kidney Urol & Hematol Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
RP Coresh, J (reprint author), 2024 E Monument St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM coresh@jhu.edu
RI Briggs, Josephine/B-9394-2009
OI Briggs, Josephine/0000-0003-0798-1190
FU NCRR NIH HHS [5M01RR00722, RR00035]; NIDDK NIH HHS [1R21DK67651,
N01-DK-1-2478]
NR 31
TC 476
Z9 497
U1 2
U2 11
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1046-6673
J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL
JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 16
IS 1
BP 180
EP 188
PG 9
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 883JZ
UT WOS:000226008700025
PM 15563563
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, E
Kozarsky, P
Wilson, M
Cetron, M
AF Schwartz, E
Kozarsky, P
Wilson, M
Cetron, M
TI Schistosome infection among river rafters on Omo River, Ethiopia
SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAVELERS; HEMATOSPERMIA; AFRICA; MALI
AB Background: Adventure trips to Africa have become more frequent, and rafting on some of the great rivers has become almost commonplace. We describe three rafting trips on the Omo River in Ethiopia, after which most of the participants were diagnosed with schistosomiasis.
Methods: After index cases from the three groups came to medical attention, active surveillance detected outbreaks of illness in a group of American travelers (n = 18) in 1993 and in two groups of Israeli travelers in 1997 (n = 26).
Results: Of 44 travelers, 37 were screened and 28 (76%) were infected, all with Schistosoma mansoni. Among the infected patients, 16 of 28 (57%) were symptomatic, the most frequent manifestation being fever, which occurred in 14 of 25(56%) cough occurred in 6 of 18 (33%). Diagnosis was based on FAST-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, with confirmation by immunoblot. Other rafting trips on the Omo River sponsored by the same tour companies did not result in symptomatic infection. Investigation of the rafting itineraries suggested the route may have been altered from the usual for these three groups, exposing them to a part of the river that is wider, slower moving, and more densely populated.
Conclusions: Schistosomiasis should be considered in febrile patients following rafting trips in schistosome-endemic areas. As asymptomatic schistosomiasis in travelers is also common (43% in this series), all travelers exposed to freshwater in endemic areas should be encouraged to undergo serologic screening.
C1 Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Ctr Geog Med, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel.
Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCID, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCID, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Schwartz, E (reprint author), Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Ctr Geog Med, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel.
NR 20
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 1
PU B C DECKER INC
PI HAMILTON
PA 20 HUGHSON ST SOUTH, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7,
CANADA
SN 1195-1982
J9 J TRAVEL MED
JI J. Travel Med.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 12
IS 1
BP 3
EP 8
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 893GW
UT WOS:000226708300002
PM 15996460
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, A
Vogel, L
Guarner, J
Hayes, N
Murphy, B
Zaki, S
Subbarao, K
AF Roberts, A
Vogel, L
Guarner, J
Hayes, N
Murphy, B
Zaki, S
Subbarao, K
TI Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection of Golden Syrian
hamsters
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE-3; SARS CORONAVIRUS; MUCOSAL IMMUNIZATION;
AFRICAN-GREEN; MONKEYS; PROTEIN; REPLICATION; INFLUENZA; SINGAPORE;
VACCINE
AB Small animal models are needed in order to evaluate the efficacy of candidate vaccines and antivirals directed against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV). We investigated the ability of SARS CoV to infect 5-week-old Golden Syrian hamsters. When administered intranasally, SARS CoV replicates to high titers in the lungs and nasal turbinates. Peak replication in the lower respiratory tract was noted on day 2 postinfection (p.i.) and was cleared by day 7 p.i. Low levels of virus were present in the nasal turbinates of a few hamsters at 14 days p.i. Viral replication in epithelial cells of the respiratory tract was accompanied by cellular necrosis early in infection, followed by an inflammatory response coincident with viral clearance, focal consolidation in pulmonary tissue, and eventual pulmonary tissue repair. Despite high levels of virus replication and associated pathology in the respiratory tract, the hamsters showed no evidence of disease. Neutralizing antibodies were detected in sera at day 7 p.i., and mean titers at day 28 p.i. exceeded 1:400. Hamsters challenged with SARS CoV at day 28 p.i. were completely protected from virus replication and accompanying pathology in the respiratory tract. Comparing these data to the mouse model, SARS CoV replicates to a higher titer and for a longer duration in the respiratory tract of hamsters and is accompanied by significant pathology that is absent in mice. Viremia and extrapulmonary spread of SARS CoV to liver and spleen, which are seen in hamsters, were not detected in mice. The hamster, therefore, is superior to the mouse as a model for the evaluation of antiviral agents and candidate vaccines against SARS CoV replication.
C1 NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Infect Dis Pathol Activ, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Roberts, A (reprint author), NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bldg 50,Room 6513,50 S Dr,MSC 8007, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM ajroberts@niaid.nih.gov
RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013
NR 27
TC 101
Z9 110
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 79
IS 1
BP 503
EP 511
DI 10.1128/JVI.79.1.503-511.2005
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 881YF
UT WOS:000225904700047
PM 15596843
ER
PT J
AU Calisher, CH
Root, JJ
Mills, JN
Rowe, JE
Reeder, SA
Jentes, ES
Wagoner, K
Beaty, BJ
AF Calisher, CH
Root, JJ
Mills, JN
Rowe, JE
Reeder, SA
Jentes, ES
Wagoner, K
Beaty, BJ
TI Epizootiology of Sin Nombre and El Moro Canyon hantavirusts,
southeastern Colorado, 1995-2000
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE antibody; deer mice; hantaviruses; Peromyscus maniculatus;
Reithrodontomys megalotis; rodents; western harvest mice
ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; RODENT POPULATIONS; PEROMYSCUS-MANICULATUS;
PULMONARY SYNDROME; RATTUS-NORVEGICUS; NORTH-AMERICA; SMALL MAMMALS;
LONG-TERM; VIRUS; PREVALENCE
AB Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is an etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. To better understand the natural history of this virus we studied population dynamics and temporal pattern of infection of its rodent hosts in southeastern Colorado (USA) from 1995 to 2000. We present evidence for the presence of two hantaviruses, SNV in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and El Moro Canyon virus in western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis), at our study sites. Sin Nombre virus appeared only sporadically in deer mouse populations; overall prevalence of antibody to SNV was 2.6%. El Moro Canyon virus was enzootic: seroconversions occurred throughout the year; antibody prevalence (11.-9% overall) showed a delayed-density-dependent pattern, peaking as relative abundance of mice was declining. Males of both host species were more frequently infected than were females. An apparently lower mean survivorship (persistence at the trapping site) for SNV antibody-positive deer mice could indicate a detrimental effect of SNV on its host, but might also be explained by the fact that antibody-positive mice were older when first captured.
C1 Colorado State Univ, Arthropodborne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Nevada, Nevada Genom Ctr, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Calisher, CH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Arthropodborne & Infect Dis Lab, Foothills Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM calisher@cybercell.net
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU809862-03]
NR 31
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSN, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 1
BP 1
EP 11
PG 11
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 920RP
UT WOS:000228708100001
PM 15827206
ER
PT J
AU Calisher, CH
Milis, JN
Sweeney, WP
Root, JJ
Reeder, SA
Jentes, ES
Wagoner, K
Beaty, BJ
AF Calisher, CH
Milis, JN
Sweeney, WP
Root, JJ
Reeder, SA
Jentes, ES
Wagoner, K
Beaty, BJ
TI Population dynamics of a diverse rodent assemblage in mixed grass-shrub
habitat, southeastern Colorado, 1995-2000
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE abiotic environment; Colorado; grass-shrub habitat; population dynamics;
rainfall; rodents; temperature
ID ARGENTINE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; TIME-SERIES
ANALYSIS; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; SIGMODON-HISPIDUS; NATURAL-HISTORY;
HANTAVIRUS; VIRUS; RESERVOIR; FLUCTUATIONS
AB We followed seasonal and year-to-year population dynamics for a diverse rodent assemblage in a short-grass prairie ecosystem in southeastern Colorado (USA) for 6 yr. We captured 2,798 individual rodents (range, one to 812 individuals per species) belonging to 19 species. The two most common species, deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis), generally had population peaks in winter and nadirs in summer; several other murid species demonstrated autumn peaks and spring nadirs; heteromyids were infrequently captured in winter, and populations generally peaked in summer or autumn. Interannual trends indicated an interactive effect between temperature and precipitation. Conditions associated with low rodent populations or population declines were high precipitation during cold periods (autumn and winter) and low precipitation during warm periods (spring and summer). Severity of adverse effects varied by species. Heteromyids, for example, were apparently not negatively affected by the hot, dry spring and summer of 2000. Cross-correlations for the temporal series of relative population abundances between species pairs (which are affected by both seasonal and interannual population dynamics) revealed positive associations among most murids and among most heteromyids, but there were negative associations between murids and heteromyids. These results have important implications for those attempting to model population dynamics of rodent populations for purposes of predicting disease risk.
C1 Colorado State Univ, Arthropodborne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Calisher, CH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Arthropodborne & Infect Dis Lab, Foothills Campus, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM calisher@cybercell.net
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU809862-03]
NR 36
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSN, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 1
BP 12
EP 28
PG 17
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 920RP
UT WOS:000228708100002
PM 15827207
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, ER
Ginn, PE
Troutman, JM
Farina, L
Stark, L
Klenk, K
Burkhalter, KL
Komar, N
AF Jacobson, ER
Ginn, PE
Troutman, JM
Farina, L
Stark, L
Klenk, K
Burkhalter, KL
Komar, N
TI West Nile virus infection in farmed American alligators (Alligator
mississippiensis) in Florida
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Alligator mississippiensis; American alligator; infection; molecular
virology; pathology; West Nile virus
ID NEW-YORK; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; RAPID DETECTION; CROCODILES; MOSQUITOS;
BIRDS; MORTALITY; PATHOLOGY; STRAIN; CULEX
AB In September and October 2002, an epizootic of neurologic disease occurred at an alligator farm in Florida (USA). Three affected American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) were euthanatized and necropsied, and results confirmed infection with West Nile virus (WNV). The most significant microscopic lesions were a moderate heterophilic to lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalomyelitis, necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis, pancreatic necrosis, myocardial degeneration with necrosis, mild interstitial pneumonia, heterophilic necrotizing stomatitis, and glossitis. Immunohistochemistry identified WNV antigen, with the most intense staining in liver, pancreas, spleen, and brain. Virus isolation and RNA detection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction confirmed WNV infection in plasma and tissue samples. Of the tissues, liver had the highest viral loads (maximum 10(8.9) plaque-forming units [PFU]/0.5cm(3)), whereas brain and spinal cord had the lowest viral loads (maximum 10(6.6) PFU/0.5cm(3) each). Virus titers in plasma ranged from 10(3.6) to 10(6.5) PFU/ml, exceeding the threshold needed to infect Culex quinquejasciatus mosquitoes (10(5) PFU/ml). Thus, alligators may serve as a vertebrate amplifying host for WNV.
C1 Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
Florida Dept Hlth Bureau Labs, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vectorborne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA.
RP Jacobson, ER (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM jacobsone@mail.vetmed.ufl.edu
NR 38
TC 31
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 11
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSN, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 1
BP 96
EP 106
PG 11
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 920RP
UT WOS:000228708100010
PM 15827215
ER
PT J
AU Guarner, J
Paddock, CD
Shieh, WJ
Patel, M
Uyeki, T
Klimov, A
Bhat, N
AF Guarner, J
Paddock, CD
Shieh, WJ
Patel, M
Uyeki, T
Klimov, A
Bhat, N
TI Pulmonary histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of influenza
cases during the 2003-2004 season
SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 0023-6837
J9 LAB INVEST
JI Lab. Invest.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 85
SU 1
MA 1210
BP 261A
EP 262A
PG 2
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology
GA 886OQ
UT WOS:000226238601383
ER
PT J
AU Guarner, J
Shieh, WJ
Paddock, CD
Greer, PW
Sumner, J
Carlone, G
Sampson, J
Facklam, R
Van Beneden, CA
AF Guarner, J
Shieh, WJ
Paddock, CD
Greer, PW
Sumner, J
Carlone, G
Sampson, J
Facklam, R
Van Beneden, CA
TI Diagnosis of group a streptococcal infections by using
immunohistochemical and molecular assays
SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 0023-6837
J9 LAB INVEST
JI Lab. Invest.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 85
SU 1
MA 1211
BP 262A
EP 262A
PG 1
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology
GA 886OQ
UT WOS:000226238601384
ER
PT J
AU Paddock, C
Ksiazek, T
Comer, JA
Rollin, P
Nichol, S
Shieh, WJ
Guarner, J
Goldsmith, C
Greer, P
Srinivasan, A
Jernigan, D
Kehl, S
Graham, M
Zaki, S
AF Paddock, C
Ksiazek, T
Comer, JA
Rollin, P
Nichol, S
Shieh, WJ
Guarner, J
Goldsmith, C
Greer, P
Srinivasan, A
Jernigan, D
Kehl, S
Graham, M
Zaki, S
TI Pathology of fatal lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in
multiple organ transplant recipients from a common donor
SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 0023-6837
J9 LAB INVEST
JI Lab. Invest.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 85
SU 1
MA 1219
BP 263A
EP 264A
PG 2
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology
GA 886OQ
UT WOS:000226238601392
ER
PT J
AU Paddock, C
Shieh, WJ
Guarner, J
Uyeki, T
Fischer, M
Reagan, S
Park, B
Greer, P
Packard, M
Zaki, S
AF Paddock, C
Shieh, WJ
Guarner, J
Uyeki, T
Fischer, M
Reagan, S
Park, B
Greer, P
Packard, M
Zaki, S
TI Histopathology and immunohistochemical localization of influenzavirus in
patients with fatal influenzavirus B
SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 0023-6837
J9 LAB INVEST
JI Lab. Invest.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 85
SU 1
MA 1218
BP 263A
EP 263A
PG 1
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology
GA 886OQ
UT WOS:000226238601391
ER
PT J
AU Shieh, WJ
Hunter, S
Sejvar, J
Bartlett, J
Jones, T
Montague, J
Guarner, G
Paddock, C
Belay, E
Schonberger, LB
Zaki, SR
AF Shieh, WJ
Hunter, S
Sejvar, J
Bartlett, J
Jones, T
Montague, J
Guarner, G
Paddock, C
Belay, E
Schonberger, LB
Zaki, SR
TI Pathologic studies of a variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease case in the
United States
SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 0023-6837
J9 LAB INVEST
JI Lab. Invest.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 85
SU 1
MA 1223
BP 264A
EP 264A
PG 1
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology
GA 886OQ
UT WOS:000226238601396
ER
PT J
AU Fewtrell, L
Kaufmann, RB
Kay, D
Enanoria, W
Haller, L
Colford, JM
AF Fewtrell, L
Kaufmann, RB
Kay, D
Enanoria, W
Haller, L
Colford, JM
TI Water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions to reduce diarrhoea in less
developed countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Review
ID DRINKING-WATER; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; RURAL BANGLADESH; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
SAFE STORAGE; EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION; SOLAR DISINFECTION;
NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; URBAN BANGLADESH; SRI-LANKA
AB Many studies have reported the results of interventions to reduce illness through improvements in drinking water, sanitation facilities, and hygiene practices in less developed countries. There has, however, been no formal systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the evidence of the relative effectiveness of these interventions. We developed a comprehensive search strategy designed to identify all peer-reviewed articles, in any language, that presented water, sanitation, or hygiene interventions. We examined only those articles with specific measurement of diarrhoea morbidity as a health outcome in non-outbreak conditions. We screened the titles and, where necessary, the abstracts of 2120 publications. 46 studies were judged to contain relevant evidence and were reviewed in detail. Data were extracted from these studies and pooled by meta-analysis to provide summary estimates of the effectiveness of each type of intervention. All of the interventions studied were found to reduce significantly the risks of diarrhoeal illness. Most of the interventions had a similar degree of impact on diarrhoeal illness, with the relative risk estimates from the overall meta-analyses ranging between 0 . 63 and 0 . 75. The results generally agree with those from previous reviews, but water quality interventions (point-of-use water treatment) were found to be more effective than previously thought, and multiple interventions (consisting of combined water, sanitation, and hygiene measures) were not more effective than interventions with a single focus. There is some evidence of publication bias in the findings from the hygiene and water treatment interventions.
C1 Univ Wales, Ctr Res Environm & Hlth, Aberystwyth SY23 2DB, Dyfed, Wales.
World Bank, Washington, DC 20433 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
WHO, Water Sanitat & Hyg Unit, Geneva, Switzerland.
RP Fewtrell, L (reprint author), Univ Wales, Ctr Res Environm & Hlth, Aberystwyth SY23 2DB, Dyfed, Wales.
EM lorna@creh.demon.co.uk
NR 65
TC 540
Z9 557
U1 11
U2 131
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 1473-3099
J9 LANCET INFECT DIS
JI Lancet Infect. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 5
IS 1
BP 42
EP 52
DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01253-8
PG 11
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 882UD
UT WOS:000225963100024
PM 15620560
ER
PT J
AU Boily, MC
Godin, G
Hogben, M
Sherr, L
Bastos, FI
AF Boily, MC
Godin, G
Hogben, M
Sherr, L
Bastos, FI
TI The impact of the transmission dynamics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on
sexual behaviour: A new hypothesis to explain recent increases in risk
taking-behaviour among men who have sex with men
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PLANNED BEHAVIOR; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; HIV
PREVENTION; GAY MEN; TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; HEALTH-PROMOTION; VIRAL LOAD;
AIDS; GONORRHEA
AB Increases in sexually transmitted infections and related high-risk behaviours have been reported among men who have sex with men (MSM) in industrialised countries when effective antiretroviral. therapy against HIV infection has become widely available, in the mid-nineties. The reasons for these increases are not fully understood and often conflicting. Prevention fatigue, relapses to unsafe sex, as well as optimism toward the risk of developing AIDS among people Living with HIV are not unique to the era of antiretroviral. therapy (ART). This has Led researchers to highlight the need to investigate other potential reasons that could explain the increase in high-risk taking following the ART introduction. We put forward the hypothesis that the change in the transmission dynamics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic before and after the introduction of ART has contributed to this change in high-risk behaviour.
It is suggested that a decline in sexual risk activities has occurred at the population-level following the initial spread of the HIV/AIDS epidemic because AIDS mortality and severe morbidity disproportionately depleted the pool of high-risk taking individuals. As a result, non-volitional changes may have occurred at the individual-level over time because the depletion of this pool of high-risk individuals made it more difficult for the remaining high-risk taking individuals to find partners to engage in risky sex with.
Following its introduction, ART has facilitated the differential replenishment of the pool of individuals willing to engage in high-risk taking behaviours because ART reduces AIDS mortality, and morbidity. Consequently, high-risk taking individuals who had previously reduced their level of risky sex non-volitionally (i.e., as a result of the reduced availability of high-risk partners) were able to resume their initial high-risk practices as the pool of high-risk taking individuals replenished over time. Thus, a fraction of the recently reported increase in high-risk sexual activities may be secondary to the fact that those MSM who were unable to engage in their desired high-risky sexual activities (because of reduced availability) are now able to revert to them as the availability of men willing to engage in risky sexual behaviours increases partly due to ART. Therefore, we suggest that a fraction of the changes in individual behaviour are non-volitional and can be explained by a change in "sexual partner availability" due to the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS before and after ART.
The hypothesis is formulated and explained using simple social network diagrams and the Theory of Planned Behaviour. We also discuss the implication of this hypothesis for HIV prevention. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Imperial Coll Sch Med, Fac Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London W2 1PG, England.
Univ Laval, Canada Res Chair Behav & Hlth, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
UCL Royal Free & Univ Coll Med Sch, London, England.
Inst Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
RP Boily, MC (reprint author), Imperial Coll Sch Med, Fac Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, St Marys Campus,Norfolk Pl, London W2 1PG, England.
EM mc.boily@imperial.ac.uk
NR 61
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 4
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2005
VL 65
IS 2
BP 215
EP 226
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2005.03.017
PG 12
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 935YI
UT WOS:000229818900003
PM 15922091
ER
PT J
AU Verstraeten, T
Davis, R
Destefano, F
AF Verstraeten, T
Davis, R
Destefano, F
TI Immunity to tetanus is protective against the development of multiple
sclerosis
SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
LA English
DT Article
ID RISK-FACTORS; VACCINATIONS; DISEASES; AUTOIMMUNE; INFECTIONS;
ANTIBODIES; DIPHTHERIA; COMMUNITY; ISLANDS; ADULTS
AB Following allegations that Hepatitis B vaccination causes or triggers multiple sclerosis (MS), several epidemiological studies have been conducted to evaluate the association between MS and vaccination. In one study conducted in the US, a significant protective effect on the development of MS was observed for tetanus immunization.
We reviewed the medical literature and found two additional recent studies, as well as several older studies, which also observed a significant protective effect of tetanus immunization on the development or progression of MS. Furthermore, decreased humoral and cellular immunity to tetanus toxoid has been observed among MS patients.
We postulate that naturally acquired or vaccine-induced immunity to tetanus has a protective effect against the development and progression of MS. We also postulate that this link to tetanus is in part responsible for the gender, age, geographic and socio-economic distribution of MS, as well as its pattern among migrants. The biological basis for this protective effect could be an unspecific boost of bystander suppression of auto-immunity as shown for other infections. Our hypothesis can be tested in several ways. The simplest approach would be to compare tetanus exposure and MS occurrence on a population level. Stronger support would come from the reanalysis of previous studies that have information at the individual level on both tetanus exposure, whether induced or natural, and on the development of MS. Laboratory evidence could be sought by testing the effect of tetanus toxoid on experimental allergic encephatomyelitis, the experimental animal model of MS. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Program Off, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Washington, Washington, DC USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Vaccine Safety Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Verstraeten, T (reprint author), Zonnewegel 16, Teruren, Belgium.
EM tvbelgium@hotmail.com
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 0306-9877
J9 MED HYPOTHESES
JI Med. Hypotheses
PY 2005
VL 65
IS 5
BP 966
EP 969
DI 10.1016/j.mehy.2005.05.009
PG 4
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 963WQ
UT WOS:000231837300024
PM 16023300
ER
PT J
AU Lyalin, D
Williams, W
AF Lyalin, D
Williams, W
TI Modeling cancer registration processes with an enhanced activity diagram
SO METHODS OF INFORMATION IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE public health informatics; organizational models; unified modeling
language (UML); population surveillance; cancer
AB Objectives. Adequate instruments are needed to reflect the complexity of routine cancer registry operations properly in a business model. The activity diagram is a key instrument of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) for the modeling of business processes. The authors aim to improve descriptions of processes in cancer registration, as well as in other public health domains, through the enhancements of an activity diagram notation within the standard semantics of UML.
Methods: The authors introduced the practical approach to enhance a conventional UML activity diagram, complementing it with the following business process concepts: timeline, duration for individual activities, responsibilities for individual activities within swimlanes, and descriptive text.
Results. The authors used an enhanced activity diagram for modeling surveillance processes in the cancer registration domain. Specific example illustrates the use of an enhanced activity diagram to visualize a process of linking Cancer registry records with external mortality files.
Conclusions. Enhanced activity diagram allows for the addition of more business concepts to a single diagram and can improve descriptions of processes in cancer registration, as well as in other domains. Additional features of an enhanced activity diagram allow to advance the visualization of cancer registration processes. That, in turn, promotes the clarification of issues related to the process timeline, responsibilities for particular operations, and collaborations among process participants. Our first experiences in a cancer registry best practices development workshop setting support the usefulness of such an approach.
C1 Northrop Grumman Co CITS, CDC, Informat Technol Support Contract, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Lyalin, D (reprint author), Northrop Grumman Co CITS, CDC, Informat Technol Support Contract, 3375 NE Expressway,Koger Ctr,Harvard Bldg, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM dlyalin@cdc.gov
NR 10
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
PI STUTTGART
PA HOLDERLINSTRASSE 3, D-70174 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0026-1270
J9 METHOD INFORM MED
JI Methods Inf. Med.
PY 2005
VL 44
IS 1
BP 11
EP 13
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Health Care Sciences & Services;
Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics
GA 914HD
UT WOS:000228217500003
PM 15778789
ER
PT J
AU Terry, PE
Masvaure, TB
Gavin, L
AF Terry, PE
Masvaure, TB
Gavin, L
TI HIV/AIDS health literacy in Zimbabwe - Focus group findings from
university students
SO METHODS OF INFORMATION IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd HealthGRID 2004 Conference
CY JAN, 2004
CL Clermont-Ferrand, FRANCE
DE HIV/AIDS; prevention; peer education; gender; edutainment
ID EDUCATION-PROGRAM; PEER EDUCATION; HIV PREVENTION; SOUTH-AFRICA; CONDOM
USE; ENTERTAINMENT-EDUCATION; AIDS-PREVENTION; RURAL UGANDA;
YOUNG-ADULTS; INTERVENTION
AB Objective: This qualitative study was designed to assess program needs and evaluate and improve HIV/AIDS prevention efforts at the University of Zimbabwe.
Methods: We conducted eight focus group discussions with 70 students and conducted key informant interviews with formal and informal opinion leaders. Four mixed-sex focus group discussions, two all-female, and two all-male sessions were held.
Results: We found a pervasive sense of despondency and powerlessness among students. Consistent across focus groups, but particularly within the women's groups, respondents revealed that financial and accommodation needs and peer pressure were causing many male and female students to engage in prostitution. Focus group discussions also revealed condom use with regular partners is low and that students dating partners who are employed find it hard to insist on condom use in the relationship.
Conclusions: Participants stated programs hod positively influenced their reduction in the number of sexual partners and intentions to get tested for HIV.
C1 Pk Nicollet Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55416 USA.
Univ Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Terry, PE (reprint author), Pk Nicollet Inst, 3800 Pk Nicollet Blvd, Minneapolis, MN 55416 USA.
EM terryp@parknicollet.com
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 10
PU SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
PI STUTTGART
PA HOLDERLINSTRASSE 3, D-70174 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0026-1270
J9 METHOD INFORM MED
JI Methods Inf. Med.
PY 2005
VL 44
IS 2
BP 288
EP 292
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Health Care Sciences & Services;
Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics
GA 935OA
UT WOS:000229790400033
PM 15924194
ER
PT J
AU Barrientos, LG
Gronenborn, AM
AF Barrientos, LG
Gronenborn, AM
TI The highly specific carbohydrate-binding protein cyanovirin-N:
Structure, anti-HIV/Ebola activity and possibilities for therapy
SO MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE cyanovirin-N; HIV; GP120; Ebola; GP(1,2); SARS; microbicidal agent;
high-mannose oligosaccharides
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIV-INACTIVATING PROTEIN; DOMAIN-SWAPPED
DIMER; CIRCULAR-PERMUTED VARIANT; HIGH-MANNOSE OLIGOSACCHARIDES;
EBOLA-VIRUS; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEINS; RELATIVE
ORIENTATION; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY
AB Cyanovirin-N (CV-N), a cyanobacterial lectin, is a potent viral entry inhibitor currently under development as a microbicide against a broad spectrum of enveloped viruses. CV-N was originally identified as a highly active anti-HIV agent and later, as a virucidal agent against other unrelated enveloped viruses Such as Ebola, and possibly other viruses. CV-N's antiviral activity appears to involve unique recognition of N-linked high-mannose oligosaccharides, Man-8 and Man-9, on the viral surface glycoproteins. Due to its distinct mode of action and opportunities for harnessing the associated interaction for therapeutic intervention, a substantial body of research on CV-N has accumulated since its discovery in 1997. In this review we focus in particular on structural studies on CV-N and their relationship to biological activity.
C1 NIDDK, Chem Phys Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Barrientos, LG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DVRD, NCID, Special Pathogens Branch, Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM lbarrientos1@cdc.gov; gronenborn@nih.gov
NR 86
TC 65
Z9 70
U1 3
U2 17
PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
PI SHARJAH
PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB
EMIRATES
SN 1389-5575
J9 MINI-REV MED CHEM
JI Mini-Rev. Med. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 5
IS 1
BP 21
EP 31
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 891RA
UT WOS:000226597000003
PM 15638789
ER
PT J
AU Guarner, J
Paddock, CD
Shieh, WJ
Patel, M
Uyeki, T
Klimov, A
Bhat, N
AF Guarner, J
Paddock, CD
Shieh, WJ
Patel, M
Uyeki, T
Klimov, A
Bhat, N
TI Pulmonary histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of influenza
cases during the 2003-2004 season
SO MODERN PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 0893-3952
J9 MODERN PATHOL
JI Mod. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 18
SU 1
MA 1210
BP 261A
EP 262A
PG 2
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 884WR
UT WOS:000226117901363
ER
PT J
AU Guarner, J
Shieh, WJ
Paddock, C
Greer, PW
Sumner, J
Carlone, G
Sampson, J
Facklam, R
Van Beneden, CA
AF Guarner, J
Shieh, WJ
Paddock, C
Greer, PW
Sumner, J
Carlone, G
Sampson, J
Facklam, R
Van Beneden, CA
TI Diagnosis of group A streptococcal infections by using
immunohistochemical and molecular assays
SO MODERN PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 0893-3952
J9 MODERN PATHOL
JI Mod. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 18
SU 1
MA 1211
BP 262A
EP 262A
PG 1
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 884WR
UT WOS:000226117901364
ER
PT J
AU Paddack, C
Ksiazek, T
Comer, JA
Rollin, P
Nichol, S
Shieh, WJ
Guarner, J
Goldsmith, C
Greer, P
Srinivasan, A
Jernigan, D
Kehl, S
Graham, M
Zaki, S
AF Paddack, C
Ksiazek, T
Comer, JA
Rollin, P
Nichol, S
Shieh, WJ
Guarner, J
Goldsmith, C
Greer, P
Srinivasan, A
Jernigan, D
Kehl, S
Graham, M
Zaki, S
TI Pathology of fatal lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in
multiple organ transplant recipients from a common donor
SO MODERN PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0893-3952
J9 MODERN PATHOL
JI Mod. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 18
SU 1
MA 1219
BP 263A
EP 264A
PG 2
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 884WR
UT WOS:000226117901372
ER
PT J
AU Paddock, C
Shieh, WJ
Guarner, J
Uyeki, T
Fischer, M
Reagan, S
Park, B
Greer, P
Packard, M
Zaki, S
AF Paddock, C
Shieh, WJ
Guarner, J
Uyeki, T
Fischer, M
Reagan, S
Park, B
Greer, P
Packard, M
Zaki, S
TI Histopathology and immuncihistochemical localization of influenzavirus
in patients with fatal influenzavirus B
SO MODERN PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0893-3952
J9 MODERN PATHOL
JI Mod. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 18
SU 1
MA 1218
BP 263A
EP 263A
PG 1
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 884WR
UT WOS:000226117901371
ER
PT J
AU Shieh, WJ
Hunter, S
Sejvar, J
Bartlett, J
Jones, T
Montague, J
Guarner, G
Paddock, C
Belay, E
Schonberger, LB
Zaki, SR
AF Shieh, WJ
Hunter, S
Sejvar, J
Bartlett, J
Jones, T
Montague, J
Guarner, G
Paddock, C
Belay, E
Schonberger, LB
Zaki, SR
TI Pathologic studies of a variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease case in the
United States
SO MODERN PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 94th Annual Meeting of the
United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology
CY FEB 26-MAR 04, 2005
CL San Antonio, TX
SP US Canadian Acad Pathol
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 0893-3952
J9 MODERN PATHOL
JI Mod. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 18
SU 1
MA 1223
BP 264A
EP 264A
PG 1
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 884WR
UT WOS:000226117901376
ER
PT S
AU Hartman, AL
Towner, JS
Nichol, S
AF Hartman, AL
Towner, JS
Nichol, S
BE Digard, P
Nash, AA
Randall, RE
TI Pathogenesis of Ebola and Marburg viruses
SO MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS OF VIRUS INFECTIONS
SE SYMPOSIA OF THE SOCIETY FOR GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 64th Symposium of the Society-for-General-Microbiology
CY APR, 2005
CL Heriot-Watt Univ, Edinburgh, SCOTLAND
SP Soc Gen Microbiol
HO Heriot-Watt Univ
ID FOLATE RECEPTOR-ALPHA; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN;
DENDRITIC CELLS; TISSUE FACTOR; DC-SIGN; LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION;
FILOVIRUS INFECTIONS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30306 USA.
RP Hartman, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30306 USA.
NR 80
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 12
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0081-1394
BN 0-521-83248-9
J9 SYMP SOC GEN MICROBI
JI Symp. Soc. Gen. Microbiol.
PY 2005
VL 64
BP 109
EP 124
PG 16
WC Microbiology; Pathology; Virology
SC Microbiology; Pathology; Virology
GA BDH05
UT WOS:000233559700005
ER
PT J
AU Schmid, DS
Rouse, BT
AF Schmid, D. Scott
Rouse, Barry T.
BE Mestecky, J
Lamm, ME
Strober, W
Bienenstock, J
McGhee, JR
Mayer, L
TI Respiratory Viral Vaccines
SO MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY, 3RD EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID SYNCYTIAL VIRUS-INFECTION; INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; CD8(+) T-CELLS;
COLD-ADAPTED INFLUENZA; RSV G-PROTEIN; MUCOSAL IMMUNIZATION; PROTECTIVE
IMMUNITY; SUBUNIT VACCINES; INTRANASAL IMMUNIZATION; INACTIVATED
VACCINES
C1 [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Immunol Sect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Rouse, Barry T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Schmid, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Immunol Sect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 127
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
BN 978-0-08-045426-9
PY 2005
BP 923
EP 936
DI 10.1016/B978-012491543-5/50055-3
PG 14
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA BCR49
UT WOS:000311099400055
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, LC
Pollack, LA
AF Richardson, LC
Pollack, LA
TI Therapy Insight: influence of type 2 diabetes on the development,
treatment and outcomes of cancer
SO NATURE CLINICAL PRACTICE ONCOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE cancer chemotherapy; cancer survival; diabetes mellitus; glucose
tolerance; type 2 diabetes
ID POPULATION-BASED COHORT; BREAST-CANCER; COLORECTAL-CANCER;
UNITED-STATES; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; GROWTH-FACTORS; RISK-FACTOR;
MELLITUS; MORTALITY; INSULIN
AB Although type 2 diabetes and cancer are major health concerns among the adult population, few studies have directly addressed the relationship between the two, or the impact of diabetes on cancer outcomes. Diabetes and hyperglycemia are associated with an elevated risk of developing pancreatic, liver, colon, breast, and endometrial cancer. When treating cancer patients who have diabetes, clinicians must consider the cardiac, renal, and neurologic complications commonly associated with diabetes. Chemotherapeutic choices and, ultimately, the outcome for cancers may be affected by the avoidance of agents that have been shown to provide the best clinical response and survival in cancer patients without other disease complications. Evidence from population-based studies and clinical trials indicate that hyperglycemic and diabetic patients experience higher mortality and recurrence rates after diagnosis with, and treatment for, cancer. Evidence from the intensive care literature indicates that achieving glucose control leads to better clinical outcomes. If so, continued improvement of cancer outcomes may depend upon improved diabetes control. The association between diabetes and cancer is complex and warrants further study as the general population ages and the magnitude of both health problems continues to grow. Here we consider the influence of diabetes and hyperglycemia on the development, treatment, and long-term outcomes of cancer.
C1 Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Serv Med Officer, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Richardson, LC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Serv Med Officer, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM lfr8@cdc.gov
NR 51
TC 140
Z9 151
U1 0
U2 10
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA
SN 1743-4254
J9 NAT CLIN PRACT ONCOL
JI Nat. Clin. Pract. Oncol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 2
IS 1
BP 48
EP 53
DI 10.1038/ncponc0062
PG 6
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 926JF
UT WOS:000229118800014
PM 16264856
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, RS
Scherr, PA
Hoganson, G
Bienias, JL
Evans, DA
Bennett, DA
AF Wilson, RS
Scherr, PA
Hoganson, G
Bienias, JL
Evans, DA
Bennett, DA
TI Early life socioeconomic status and late life risk of Alzheimer's
disease
SO NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alzheimer's disease; socioeconomic status; longitudinal
clinicopathologic study; cognitive function
ID OLDER PERSONS; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; EDUCATION; POPULATION; HEALTH
AB The authors examined the relation of early life socioeconomic status to incident Alzheimer's disease (AD), level of cognition and rate of cognitive decline in old age. For up to 10 years, 859 older Catholic clergy members without dementia at baseline completed annual clinical evaluations as part of the Religious Orders Study. The evaluations included clinical classification of AD and detailed cognitive testing. At baseline, indicators of early life household socioeconomic level (e.g., parental education) and the county of birth were ascertained. Socioeconomic features of the birth county (e.g., literacy rate) were estimated with data from the 1920 US Census. Composite measures of early life household and community socioeconomic level were developed. In analyses that controlled for age, sex and education, higher household and community socioeconomic levels in early life were associated with higher level of cognition in late life but not with risk of AD or rate of cognitive decline. The results suggest that early life socioeconomic level is related to level of cognition in late life but not to rate of cognitive decline or risk of AD. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.
C1 Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Hlth Aging, Dept Neurol Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Hlth Aging, Dept Psychol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Hlth Aging, Dept Internal Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Wilson, RS (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, 600 S Paulina,Suite 1038, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
EM rwilson@rush.edu
NR 41
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 10
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0251-5350
J9 NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
JI Neuroepidemiology
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 1
BP 8
EP 14
DI 10.1159/000085307
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Clinical Neurology
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 934XV
UT WOS:000229743800002
PM 15855799
ER
PT J
AU Sejvar, JJ
Holman, RC
Bresee, JS
Kochanek, KD
Schonberger, LB
AF Sejvar, JJ
Holman, RC
Bresee, JS
Kochanek, KD
Schonberger, LB
TI Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mortality in the United States, 1979-2001
SO NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; national mortality database; mortality
ID MOTOR-NEURON-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; ALS; NEUROTOXIN;
DIAGNOSIS; FINLAND; DEATH; GENE
AB The etiology of nonfamilial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains unknown. Earlier studies have suggested an increase in the incidence of ALS over time. We performed a retrospective analysis of ALS-associated death rates and trends in the United States for 1979-2001 using death records from the national multiple cause-of-death database. The US average annual age-adjusted ALS death rate was 1.84 per 100,000 persons for 1979 through 1998. Most deaths were among adults >= 65 years of age and the median age at death was 67 years. A small overall increase in the death rate was observed primarily between 1979 and 1983, with a subsequent plateau. This slight change in the overall rate reflected apparent increases in the rates among those persons >= 65 years of age, particularly women, and persons in the 20- to 49-year-old age group. The ALS-associated death rate appeared to differ by geographic area, with a higher occurrence among most northern states. Our findings suggest that the epidemiology of ALS-associated deaths in the United States demonstrated small increases in the overall age-adjusted death rate and in the death rates among elderly women and adults 20-49 years of age. Subpopulations at higher risk for ALS were males, whites, persons >= 65 years of age, and residents of northern states. This study provides information for further studies to examine the epidemiology and risk factors associated with ALS. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Marine Res, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
RP Sejvar, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Marine Res, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-39, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM zea3@cdc.gov
NR 41
TC 66
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 6
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0251-5350
J9 NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
JI Neuroepidemiology
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 3
BP 144
EP 152
DI 10.1159/000086679
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Clinical Neurology
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 961ZG
UT WOS:000231700200006
PM 15990445
ER
PT J
AU Gillum, RF
Sempos, CT
AF Gillum, R. F.
Sempos, Christopher T.
TI Ethnic variation in validity of classification of overweight and obesity
using self-reported weight and height in American women and men: the
Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
SO NUTRITION JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: Few data have been published on the validity of classification of overweight and obesity based on self-reported weight in representative samples of Hispanic as compared to other American populations despite the wide use of such data.
Objective: To test the null hypothesis that ethnicity is unrelated to bias of mean body mass index (BMI) and to sensitivity of overweight or obesity (BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)) derived from self-reported (SR) versus measured weight and height using measured BMI as the gold standard.
Design: Cross-sectional survey of a large national sample, the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) conducted in 1988-1994.
Participants: American men and women aged 20 years and over (n = 15,025).
Measurements: SR height, weight, cigarette smoking, health status, and socio-demographic variables from home interview and measured weight and height.
Results: In women and Mexican American (MA) men SR BMI underestimated true prevalence rates of overweight or obesity. For other men, no consistent difference was seen. Sensitivity of SR was similar in non-Hispanic European Americans (EA) and non-Hispanic African Americans (AA) but much lower in MA. Prevalence of obesity (BMI >= 30 kg/m(2)) is consistently underestimated by self-report, the gap being greater for MA than for other women, but similar for MA and other men. The mean difference between self-reported and measured BMI was greater in MA (men -0.37, women -0.76 kg/m(2)) than in non-Hispanic EA (men -0.22, women -0.62 kg/m(2)). In a regression model with the difference between self-reported and measured BMI as the dependent variable, MA ethnicity was a significant (p < 0.01) predictor of the difference in men and in women. The effect of MA ethnicity could not be explained by socio-demographic variables, smoking or health status.
Conclusion: Under-estimation of the prevalence of overweight or obesity based on height and weight self-reported at interview varied significantly among ethnic groups independent of other variables.
C1 [Gillum, R. F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
[Sempos, Christopher T.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Gillum, RF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6323, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
EM rfg2@cdc.gov; cs217e@NIH.GOV
NR 42
TC 138
Z9 139
U1 1
U2 3
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1475-2891
J9 NUTR J
JI Nutr. J.
PY 2005
VL 4
AR 27
DI 10.1186/1475-2891-4-27
PG 8
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA V21OE
UT WOS:000208216100027
PM 16209706
ER
PT J
AU Ford, ES
Mokdad, AH
Giles, WH
Galuska, DA
Serdula, MK
AF Ford, ES
Mokdad, AH
Giles, WH
Galuska, DA
Serdula, MK
TI Geographic variation in the prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and
obesity-related behaviors
SO OBESITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE diabetes; fruits and vegetables; physical activity; weight loss;
geographic locations
ID LOSE WEIGHT; US ADULTS; ADVICE; HEALTH; CARE
AB Objective: To examine the variation in the prevalences of obesity and type 2 diabetes in weight loss counseling by health providers and in other potential obesity-related determinants in 100 metropolitan statistical areas in the United States.
Research Methods and Procedures: We performed a cross-sectional study using data from the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the largest telephone survey of health behaviors in the United States, of age-adjusted prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, intake of >= five servings of fruits and vegetables per day, participation in 150 minutes of leisure-time physical activity per week, receipt of weight management advice, and reports of trying to lose or maintain weight among men and women more than 18 years old.
Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity ranged from 13.1% to 30.0% and that of type 2 diabetes from 3.3% to 9.2%. Among participants who had visited a physician for a routine checkup in the previous 12 months, 13.1% to 27.1% of all participants recalled receiving advice from a health professional about their weight, and 11.7% to 34.6% of overweight or obese participants recalled receiving advice to maintain or lose weight.
Discussion: Significant differences in the prevalence of obesity and self-reported type 2 diabetes and in medical practice patterns regarding weight management advice exist among metropolitan statistical areas. These results suggest important opportunities to investigate reasons for these variations that could potentially be used to mitigate the current epidemic of obesity and to identify areas where obesity and diabetes prevention efforts may need to be targeted.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM eford@cdc.gov
NR 17
TC 71
Z9 73
U1 1
U2 6
PU NORTH AMER ASSOC STUDY OBESITY
PI SILVER SPRING
PA 8630 FENTON ST, SUITE 918, SILVER SPRING, MD 20910 USA
SN 1071-7323
J9 OBES RES
JI Obes. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 13
IS 1
BP 118
EP 122
DI 10.1038/oby.2005.15
PG 5
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 907BG
UT WOS:000227689200015
PM 15761170
ER
PT J
AU Philipp, CS
Faiz, A
Dowling, N
Dilley, A
Michaels, LA
Ayers, C
Miller, CH
Bachmann, G
Evatt, B
Saidi, P
AF Philipp, CS
Faiz, A
Dowling, N
Dilley, A
Michaels, LA
Ayers, C
Miller, CH
Bachmann, G
Evatt, B
Saidi, P
TI Age and the prevalence of bleeding disorders in women with menorrhagia
SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VON-WILLEBRAND-DISEASE; MENSTRUAL BLOOD-LOSS; PICTORIAL CHART
AB OBJECTIVE: A study was conducted to evaluate the frequency and types of hemostatic defects occurring in adolescent and perimenopausal-age women diagnosed with menorrhagia.
METHODS: A total of 115 women with a physician diagnosis of menorrhagia, including 25 adolescent women, 25 perimenopausal-age women, and 65 women between the ages of 20 and 44, underwent comprehensive hemostatic testing for possible bleeding disorders. Frequencies of bleeding disorders were calculated and compared.
RESULTS: Forty-seven percent of women were found to have hemostatic abnormalities, including platelet dysfunction, von Willebrand's disease, and coagulation factor deficiencies. Adolescents and perimenopausal-age women with menorrhagia were just as likely to have hemostatic abnormalities as were women aged 20 to 44.
CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that underlying bleeding disorders are frequently found in adolescent, postadolescent reproductive age, and perimenopausal-age women presenting with menorrhagia and suggest that women with menorrhagia should be considered for further hemostatic evaluation. (C) 2005 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Hematol, Dept Med, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Hematol, Dept Pediat, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Hematol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Birth Defects, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Philipp, CS (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Hematol, Dept Med, MEB Rm 578,1 Robert Wood Johnson Pl, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
EM philipp@umdnj.edu
OI Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973
FU ATSDR CDC HHS [TS-479]
NR 24
TC 84
Z9 87
U1 0
U2 4
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0029-7844
J9 OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Obstet. Gynecol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 105
IS 1
BP 61
EP 66
DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000148889.15061.fb
PG 6
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 882IG
UT WOS:000225932000011
PM 15625143
ER
PT J
AU Beste, LA
England, LJ
Schisterman, EF
Qian, C
Yu, KF
Levine, RJ
AF Beste, LA
England, LJ
Schisterman, EF
Qian, C
Yu, KF
Levine, RJ
TI Pregnancy outcomes in smokers who develop pre-eclampsia
SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GROWTH; RISK; ASSOCIATION;
POPULATION; CALCIUM; TRIAL; RATES
AB Maternal smoking reduces the risk of pre-eclampsia, but has been reported to increase the risk of adverse outcomes related to the disease. We used data from the trial of Calcium for Pre-eclampsia Prevention (CPEP) to explore whether clinical manifestations of pre-eclampsia were altered by maternal smoking. CPEP was a randomised study of 4589 nulliparous women conducted in five US medical centres. Smoking history was obtained at study enrolment and women were monitored for the development of hypertension, proteinuria, and other medical complications.
Among pre-eclamptic women (n = 274), the risk of severe disease was not elevated in smokers (adjusted odds ratio 0.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30, 2.51]). Compared with non-smokers, gestational age (days, +/-SE) at onset of pre-eclampsia was not reduced in smokers (264.8 +/- 1.5, and 268.2 +/- 5.5, respectively, P = 0.48). The smoking-attributable deficit in birthweight was not increased in pre-eclamptic women compared with normotensive women (97 g [95% CI -49, 244] and 185 g [95% CI 141, 229] respectively).
In conclusion, among women who developed pre-eclampsia, smoking during pregnancy was not associated with disease severity. We found no evidence that pre-eclampsia and smoking act synergistically to restrict fetal growth.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, NIH, US Dept HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Allied Technol Grp, Rockville, MD USA.
RP England, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM lengland@cdc.gov
OI Schisterman, Enrique/0000-0003-3757-641X
FU NICHD NIH HHS [N01-HD-1-3121, N01-HD-1-3122, N01-HD-1-3123,
N01-HD-1-3124, N01-HD-1-3125, N01-HD-1-3126, N01-HD-2-3154,
N01-HD-53246]
NR 19
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-5022
J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP
JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 19
IS 1
BP 12
EP 18
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2004.00617.x
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
GA 889VJ
UT WOS:000226470500003
PM 15670103
ER
PT J
AU Braun, KV
Autry, A
Boyle, C
AF Braun, KV
Autry, A
Boyle, C
TI A population-based study of the recurrence of developmental disabilities
- Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program,
1991-94
SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; MILD MENTAL-RETARDATION; HEARING IMPAIRMENT;
RISK-FACTORS; CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; ETIOLOGY; CHILDHOOD; INFANTS; AGE
AB Serious developmental disabilities (DD) are quite common and affect approximately 2% of all school-aged children. The impact of DDs with respect to the need for special education services, medical care and the demand on family members can be enormous. While this impact can be magnified for families with more than one child with a DD, little is known regarding the epidemiology of recurrence of DDs. When the cause of a DD is unknown, genetic counsellors rely on recurrence risk estimates which for DDs are over 10 years old. The objectives of our study were to: (1) assess the contribution of recurrent cases to the prevalence of DDs; (2) provide current, population-based recurrence risk estimates; and (3) examine characteristics of the first affected child as predictors of recurrence. Two population-based data sources were used to identify all children born to the same mother during the period 1981-91 in the five-county metropolitan Atlanta area with at least one of four DDs: mental retardation (MR), cerebral palsy, hearing loss, or vision impairment. Recurrence risk estimates for these DDs ranged from 3% to 7% and were many times higher than the background prevalences. The risk of recurrence of DDs was greatest for MR - approximately eight times greater than the baseline MR prevalence. Isolated mild MR (IQ 50-70) was highly concordant between siblings with MR. Sex, race, and birthweight of the index child, maternal education, and maternal age were not significantly associated with recurrence risk. Further research is needed to investigate the roles of genetic and environmental factors on the recurrence of DDs, particularly isolated mild MR.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dev Disabilities Team, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabilities, Atlanta, GA USA.
US DOE, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Braun, KV (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM kbn5@cdc.gov
NR 45
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-5022
J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP
JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 19
IS 1
BP 69
EP 79
PG 11
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
GA 889VJ
UT WOS:000226470500012
ER
PT J
AU Ehigiator, HN
Romagnoli, P
Borgelt, K
Fernandez, M
McNair, N
Secor, WE
Mead, JR
AF Ehigiator, HN
Romagnoli, P
Borgelt, K
Fernandez, M
McNair, N
Secor, WE
Mead, JR
TI Mucosal cytokine and antigen-specific responses to Cryptosporidium
parvum in IL-12p40 KO mice
SO PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cellular response; Cryptosporidium parvum; cytokine; IL-12p40-knockout;
mouse; real-time PCR
ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MASSIVE WATERBORNE OUTBREAK; INTERFERON KNOCKOUT
MICE; GROWTH-FACTOR BETA-1; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IFN-GAMMA; C57BL/6 MICE;
INTRAEPITHELIAL LYMPHOCYTES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII
AB Studies of cellular immune responses to Cryptosporidium parvum have been limited in part by lack of suitable animal models. IL-12p40(-/-)mice are susceptible to initial infection with C. parvum but recover within 2 weeks, rendering the animals resistant to reinfection. Because the host responses that determine duration and severity of primary infection are not yet understood, we studied the cellular immune response to primary infection with C. parvum in IL-12p40(-/-)mice and also explored possible mechanisms for this response. Female IL-12p40(-/-)mice were inoculated with 10 000 oocysts. Uninfected age-matched mice served as controls. At different time intervals following exposure to oocysts, mice were sacrificed and their intestine, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node tissues were harvested. Cellular immune responses to C. parvum were characterized. Infection of IL-12p40(-/-)mice induced changes in the gene expression of the cytokines IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-15, IL-18, TNF-alpha and TGF-beta during primary infection. There was also a significant increase in total numbers of lymphocytes and CD19/CD62L-expressing cells in mesenteric lymph nodes. These MLN cells exhibited increased antigen-specific proliferation and cytokine production (IL-6 and IFN-gamma) levels when stimulated in vitro. These observations delineate the cellular immune responses during acute C. parvum infection of the IL-12p40(-/-)mouse model.
C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Decatur, GA 30033 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA.
NCID, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Mead, JR (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Res 151,1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA 30033 USA.
EM jmead@emory.edu
OI Romagnoli, Pablo/0000-0002-6328-9070
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI-36680]
NR 59
TC 26
Z9 29
U1 3
U2 4
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DG, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-9838
J9 PARASITE IMMUNOL
JI Parasite Immunol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 27
IS 1-2
BP 17
EP 28
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2005.00736.x
PG 12
WC Immunology; Parasitology
SC Immunology; Parasitology
GA 913EC
UT WOS:000228133400003
PM 15813719
ER
PT J
AU Freedman, DS
Khan, LK
Serdula, MK
Dietz, WH
Srinivasan, SR
Berenson, GS
AF Freedman, DS
Khan, LK
Serdula, MK
Dietz, WH
Srinivasan, SR
Berenson, GS
TI The relation of childhood BMI to adult adiposity: The Bogalusa Heart
Study
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE body mass index; obesity; adult adiposity; Bogalusa Heart Study;
longitudinal study; skinfolds
ID BODY-MASS INDEX; BIOELECTRICAL-IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY;
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; YOUNG ADULTHOOD; WHITE-CHILDREN;
UNITED-STATES; BIRTH COHORT; FOLLOW-UP
AB Objective. Although many studies have found that childhood levels of body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2)) are associated with adult levels, it has been reported that childhood BMI is not associated with adult adiposity. We further examined these longitudinal associations.
Design. Cohort study based on examinations between 1973 and 1996.
Setting. Bogalusa, Louisiana.
Participants. Children (2610; ages 2-17 years old) who were followed to ages 18 to 37 years; the mean follow-up was 17.6 years.
Main Outcome Measures. BMI-for-age and triceps skinfold thickness (SF) were measured in childhood. Subscapular and triceps SFs were measured among adults, and the mean SF was used as an adiposity index. Adult obesity was defined as a BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m(2) and adult overfat as a mean SF in the upper (gender-specific) quartile.
Results. Childhood levels of both BMI and triceps SF were associated with adult levels of BMI and adiposity. The magnitude of these longitudinal associations increased with childhood age, but the BMI levels of even the youngest (ages 2-5 years) children were moderately associated (r = 0.33-0.41) with adult adiposity. Overweight (BMI-for-age greater than or equal to95th centile) 2- to 5-year-olds were >4 times as likely to become overfat adults (15 of 23 [65%]), as were children with a BMI <50th centile (30 of 201 [15%]). Even after accounting for the triceps SF of children, BMI-for-age provided additional information on adult adiposity.
Conclusions. Childhood BMI is associated with adult adiposity, but it is possible that the magnitude of this association depends on the relative fatness of children.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Tulane Ctr Cardiovasc Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA.
RP Freedman, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, CDC Mailstop K-26,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM dfreedman@cdc.gov
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-38844]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-16592]; NICHD NIH HHS
[HD-043820]
NR 42
TC 422
Z9 441
U1 2
U2 39
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 1
BP 22
EP 27
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-0220
PG 6
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 884KN
UT WOS:000226083700024
PM 15629977
ER
PT J
AU Hsu, VP
Staat, MA
Roberts, N
Thieman, C
Bernstein, DI
Bresee, J
Glass, RI
Parashar, UD
AF Hsu, VP
Staat, MA
Roberts, N
Thieman, C
Bernstein, DI
Bresee, J
Glass, RI
Parashar, UD
TI Use of active surveillance to validate International Classification of
Diseases code estimates of rotavirus hospitalizations in children
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE acute gastroenteritis; United States; child; surveillance;
hospitalization; ICD codes; sensitivity; specificity
ID UNITED-STATES; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; INFECTION; GASTROENTERITIS; MORBIDITY;
MORTALITY; BURDEN; TRENDS; ASSAY
AB Objective. National estimates of hospitalizations for rotavirus, the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis ( AGE) in children, have been used to establish the need for rotavirus vaccines. A previous method directly estimated discharges by using the rotavirus-specific International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code, but this method has not been validated. Our study evaluated the sensitivity of the rotavirus ICD code among children hospitalized for AGE by using active surveillance for rotavirus at a tertiary children's hospital.
Design. We compared data for rotavirus-coded hospital discharges in 2000-2001 at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center with data on laboratory-confirmed cases of rotavirus obtained from active surveillance. We estimated additional rotavirus hospitalizations by extrapolating the proportion of rotavirus-positive results from active-surveillance cases to those with an unknown rotavirus status.
Results. Of 767 cases of AGE-related discharge codes, 103 (13%) were coded as rotavirus, 91% ( 94 of 103) of which were laboratory-confirmed diagnoses. Among all children discharged with an AGE-related illness, 260 (34%) were enrolled in active surveillance, of whom 155 (60%) tested positive for rotavirus. An additional 47 laboratory-confirmed rotavirus-case patients not enrolled in active surveillance yielded a total of 202 rotavirus cases and a maximum sensitivity of the rotavirus code of 47%. Extrapolation indicated that an additional 170 untested children might be rotavirus- positive, yielding a total of 372 rotavirus hospitalizations and a minimum sensitivity of the rotavirus code of 25%.
Conclusions. Measurement of rotavirus- coded hospital discharges alone seems to greatly underestimate the true burden of rotavirus- associated hospitalizations. The numbers of national rotavirus hospitalization discharges may be substantially greater than previously estimated.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Glass, RI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM rglass@cdc.gov
NR 20
TC 78
Z9 80
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 1
BP 78
EP 82
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-0860
PG 5
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 884KN
UT WOS:000226083700031
PM 15629984
ER
PT J
AU Kempe, A
Daley, MF
Barrow, J
Allred, N
Hester, N
Beaty, BL
Crane, LA
Pearson, K
Berman, S
AF Kempe, A
Daley, MF
Barrow, J
Allred, N
Hester, N
Beaty, BL
Crane, LA
Pearson, K
Berman, S
TI Implementation of universal influenza immunization recommendations for
healthy young children: Results of a randomized, controlled trial with
registry-based recall
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the Pediatric-Academic-Societies
CY MAY 04, 2004
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Pediat Acad Soc
DE influenza; immunizations; reminder/recall; immunization registry
ID VIRUS-INFECTIONS; RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; OUTPATIENT VISITS; AGE
DISTRIBUTION; UNITED-STATES; IMPACT; VACCINE; CARE; HOSPITALIZATIONS;
MORTALITY
AB Background. An Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices policy of encouraging influenza vaccination for healthy 6- to 23-month-old children was in effect during the 2003-2004 influenza season, which was unusually severe in Colorado. We collaborated with 5 pediatric practices to attempt universal influenza immunization in this age group.
Objectives. The objectives were (1) to assess the maximal influenza immunization rates that could be achieved for healthy young children in private practice settings, (2) to evaluate the efficacy of registry-based reminder/recall for influenza vaccination, and (3) to describe methods used by private practices to implement the recommendations.
Methods. The study was conducted in 5 private pediatric practices in Denver, Colorado, with a common billing system and immunization registry. Although recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices included children who were 6 to 23 months of age at any point during the influenza season, our practices chose not to recall children 22 to 23 months of age, because they would have become >24 months of age during the study period. Therefore, our study population consisted of all healthy children 6 to 21 months of age from the 5 practices (N = 5193), who were randomized to intervention groups (n = 2595) that received up to 3 reminder/recall letters or to control groups (n = 2598) that received usual care. The primary outcome was receipt of greater than or equal to1 influenza immunization, as noted either in the immunization registry or in billing data.
Results. Immunization rates for greater than or equal to1 dose of influenza vaccine for the intervention groups in the 5 practices were 75.9%, 75.4%, 68.1%, 55.6%, and 44.3% at the end of the season. Overall, 62.4% of children in the intervention groups and 58.0% of children in the control groups were immunized (4.4% absolute difference), with absolute differences, compared with control values, ranging from 1.0% to 9.1% according to practice. However, before intensive media coverage of the influenza outbreak began (November 15, 2003), absolute differences, compared with control values, ranged from 5.1% to 15.3% and were 9.6% overall. Before November 15, significant effects of recall were seen for children in the intervention groups, in both the 12- to 21-month age category (10.4% increase over control) and the 6- to 11-month category (8.1% increase over control); at the end of the season, however, significant effects of recall were seen only for the older age group (6.2% increase over control). The rates of receipt of 2 vaccine doses greater than or equal to1 month apart for eligible children ranged from 21% to 48% among the practices. Four of the 5 practices held influenza immunization clinics during office hours, evenings, or weekends, and these clinics achieved higher coverage rates.
Conclusions. These results demonstrated that, in an epidemic influenza year, private practices were able to immunize the majority of 6- to 21-month-old children in a timely manner. Although media coverage regarding the epidemic blunted the effect of registry-based recall, recall was effective in increasing rates early in the epidemic, especially for children between 1 and 2 years of age. The practices that achieved the highest immunization rates were proactive in planning influenza clinics to handle the extra volume of immunizations required.
C1 Childrens Hosp, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80262 USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver, CO 80262 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Kempe, A (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, 1056 E 19th Ave,B032, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
EM kempe.allison@tchden.org
NR 62
TC 48
Z9 50
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 1
BP 146
EP 154
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-1804
PG 9
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 884KN
UT WOS:000226083700041
PM 15629993
ER
PT J
AU Parker, S
Todd, J
Schwartz, B
AF Parker, S
Todd, J
Schwartz, B
TI Thimerosal-containing vaccines and autistic spectrum disorder: A
critical review of published original data
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Parker, S (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80218 USA.
NR 1
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 1
BP 200
EP 200
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-2402
PG 1
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 884KN
UT WOS:000226083700066
PM 15630018
ER
PT J
AU Li, RW
Darling, N
Maurice, E
Barker, L
Grummer-Strawn, LM
AF Li, RW
Darling, N
Maurice, E
Barker, L
Grummer-Strawn, LM
TI Breastfeeding rates in the United States by characteristics of the
child, mother, or family: The 2002 National Immunization Survey
SO PEDIATRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE breastfeeding; National Immunization Survey; surveillance; statistics
ID DURATION; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; RECALL
AB Objective. In the third quarter of 2001, the National Immunization Survey (NIS) began collecting data on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding and whether it was the exclusive method of infant feeding. Using the data from the 2002 NIS, this study estimates breastfeeding rates in the United States by characteristics of the child, mother, or family.
Methods. The NIS uses random-digit dialing to survey households nationwide with children 19 to 35 months old about vaccinations and then validates the information through a mail survey of the health care providers who gave the vaccinations. In 2002, similar to3500 households from the NIS were randomized to 1 of the 3 rotating topical modules that covered breastfeeding.
Results. More than two thirds (71.4%) of the children had ever been breastfed. At 3 months, 42.5% of infants were exclusively breastfed, and 51.5% were breastfed to some extent. At 6 months, these rates dropped to 13.3% and 35.1%, respectively. At 1 year, 16.1% of infants were receiving some breast milk. Non-Hispanic black children had the lowest breastfeeding rates. Breastfeeding rates also varied by participation in day care or the Women, Infants, and Children program, socioeconomic status, and geographic area of residence.
Conclusions. Although the rate of breastfeeding initiation in the United States is near the national goal of 75%, at 6 and 12 months postpartum the rates of breastfeeding duration are still considerably below the national goals of 50% and 25%, respectively. In addition, rates of exclusive breastfeeding are low. Strenuous public health efforts are needed to improve breastfeeding behaviors, particularly among non-Hispanic black women and socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Data Management Div, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Li, RW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS K-25,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM ril6@cdc.gov
NR 39
TC 179
Z9 181
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS
PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE
PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA
SN 0031-4005
J9 PEDIATRICS
JI Pediatrics
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 1
BP E31
EP E37
DI 10.1542/peds.2004-0481
PG 7
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 884KN
UT WOS:000226083700005
PM 15579667
ER
PT J
AU Pisu, M
Meltzer, MI
Hurwitz, ES
Haber, M
AF Pisu, M
Meltzer, MI
Hurwitz, ES
Haber, M
TI Household-based costs and benefits of vaccinating healthy children in
daycare against - Results from a pilot study influenza virus
SO PHARMACOECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATTENDING DAY-CARE; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; OTITIS-MEDIA; INFECTIONS; ILLNESS;
ATTENDANCE; COMMUNITY; AGE
AB Background: Vaccinating children against influenza virus may reduce infections in immunised children and household contacts, thereby reducing the household-based cost associated with respiratory illnesses.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of influenza virus vaccination of daycare children on costs of respiratory illnesses of the children and their household contacts from the household and societal perspective.
Study design: Cost analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial covering the period November to April of 1996-7 and 1998-9. Children (127 in 1996-7 and 133 in 1998-9) from daycare centres in Californian (USA) naval bases received influenza virus vaccine (inactivated). or hepatitis A virus vaccination.
Outcome measures: Direct and indirect costs (1997 and 1999 US dollars) of respiratory illnesses in households of vaccinated and not vaccinated daycare children, excluding the cost of vaccination.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in household costs of respiratory illness between households with or without influenza virus-vaccinated children ($US635 vs $US492: p = 0.98 [1996-7]; $US412.70 vs $US499.50: p = 0.42 [1998-9]). In 1996-7, adult and 5- to 17-year-old contacts of vaccinated children had lower household costs than contacts of unvaccinated children ($US58.50 vs $US83.20, p = 0.01 and $US32.80 vs $US59.50, p = 0.04, respectively), while vaccinated children 0-4 years old had higher household costs than unvaccinated children in the same age group ($US383 vs $US236, p = 0.05). In 1998-9, there were no differences within individual age groups. Results from societal perspective were similar.
Conclusions: Overall, from both the household and societal perspectives, there were no economic benefits to households from vaccinating daycare children against influenza virus. However, we found some over-time inconsistency in results; this should be considered if changing recommendations about routine influenza virus vaccination of healthy children. Our study size may limit the general isability of the results.
C1 Univ Alabama, COERE, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA.
RDMA, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RP Pisu, M (reprint author), Univ Alabama, COERE, 1530 3rd Ave S 1 MT 528, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
EM mpisu@uab.edu
NR 23
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD
PI AUCKLAND
PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW
ZEALAND
SN 1170-7690
J9 PHARMACOECONOMICS
JI Pharmacoeconomics
PY 2005
VL 23
IS 1
BP 55
EP 67
DI 10.2165/00019053-200523010-00005
PG 13
WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Pharmacology &
Pharmacy
GA 895FW
UT WOS:000226847300005
PM 15693728
ER
PT J
AU Chen, RT
Davis, RL
Rhodes, PH
AF Chen, Robert T.
Davis, Robert L.
Rhodes, Philip H.
BE Strom, BL
TI Special Methodological Issues in Pharmacoepidemiology Studies of Vaccine
Safety
SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY, 4TH EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID EVENT-REPORTING-SYSTEM; DIPHTHERIA-TETANUS-PERTUSSIS;
GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; SUDDEN-INFANT-DEATH; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS
VACCINE; HEPATITIS-B VACCINATION; MUMPS-RUBELLA VACCINE; INACTIVATED
POLIOVIRUS VACCINATION; HYPOTONIC-HYPORESPONSIVE EPISODES; YELLOW-FEVER
VACCINATION
C1 [Chen, Robert T.; Rhodes, Philip H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Branch, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Davis, Robert L.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Chen, RT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Branch, Natl Immunizat Program, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM bchen@cdc.gov; rdavis@u.washington.edu; prhodes@cdc.gov
NR 304
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-05987-6
PY 2005
BP 455
EP 485
PG 31
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA BYG80
UT WOS:000298629600031
ER
PT J
AU Lipsitch, M
Whitney, CG
Zell, E
Kaijalainen, T
Dagan, R
Malley, R
AF Lipsitch, M
Whitney, CG
Zell, E
Kaijalainen, T
Dagan, R
Malley, R
TI Are anticapsular antibodies the primary mechanism of protection against
invasive pneumococcal disease?
SO PLOS MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE;
CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDES; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE; NATURAL DEVELOPMENT;
YOUNG-CHILDREN; INFECTION; EFFICACY; COLONIZATION
AB Background Antibody to capsular polysaccharide has been the basis of several vaccines that offer protection against invasive disease from Streptococcus pneumoniae. The success of such vaccines has led to the inference that natural protection against invasive pneumococcal disease is largely conferred by anticapsular antibody. If this is so, one would expect that the decline in disease from different serotypes would vary significantly, and that the appearance of substantial concentrations of anticapsular antibodies would coincide temporally with the decline in age-specific incidence.
Methods and Findings,Using incidence data from the United States, we show that, on the contrary, the decline in incidence with age is quite similar for the seven most important serogroups, despite large differences in exposure in the population. Moreover, only modest increases in antibody concentration occur over the second and third years of life, a period in which serotype-specific incidence declines to less than 25% of its peak. We also present detailed data on the distribution of antibody concentrations in Israeli toddlers, which are consistent with the United States findings. The same conclusion is supported by new data on age-specific incidence in Finland, which is compared with published data on antibody acquisition in Finnish toddlers.
Conclusion We suggest some additional studies of the mechanisms of protection that could distinguish among potential alternative mechanisms, including acquired immunity to noncapsular antigens, maturation of nonspecific immune responses, or changes in anatomy or exposure.
C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Act Bacterial Core Suveillance, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Natl Reference Lab Pneumococcus, Oulu, Finland.
Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Fac Hlth Sci, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel.
Soroka Univ, Med Ctr, Pediat Infect Dis Unit, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Lipsitch, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM mlipsitc@hsph.harvard.edu
OI Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213
FU NIAID NIH HHS [1K08 AI51526-01, 1R01 AI48935, K08 AI051526, R01
AI048935]
NR 32
TC 79
Z9 79
U1 1
U2 4
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1549-1277
J9 PLOS MED
JI PLos Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 2
IS 1
BP 62
EP 68
AR e15
DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020015
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 904UB
UT WOS:000227522100017
PM 15696204
ER
PT J
AU Grainger, J
Huang, WL
Li, Z
Edwards, S
Walcott, C
Smith, C
Turner, W
Wang, R
Patterson, DG
AF Grainger, J
Huang, WL
Li, Z
Edwards, S
Walcott, C
Smith, C
Turner, W
Wang, R
Patterson, DG
TI Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon reference range levels in the US
population by measurement of urinary mono-hydroxy metabolites
SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE reference range; PAH mono-hydroxy metabolites; gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry; isotope-dilution mass spectrometry
ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; COKE-OVEN WORKERS; PYRENE METABOLITES;
INTERNAL EXPOSURE; 1-HYDROXYPYRENE; PHENANTHRENE; BENZOPYRENE;
CHROMATOGRAPHY; HEMOGLOBIN; ADDUCTS
AB We developed a gas chromatography/isotope dilution high resolution mass spectrometry (GC/ID-HRMS) method for measuring 18 PAH metabolites representing 8 parent PAHs in 3 mL of urine at low part-per-trillion levels. We applied this method to the analysis of urine specimens from approximately, 2400 people who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the years 1999 and 2000 to determine levels for 14 PAH hydroxy metabolites of 7 parent compounds. Using this GC/ID-HRMS method, we found detectable concentrations for monohydroxy metabolite isomers of fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene, and for chrysene, benzo[c]phenanthrene, and benz[a]anthracene. Some mono-hydroxy metabolite isomers of chrysene, benzo[c]phenanthrene, and benz[a]anthracene exhibited low detection frequencies which did not allow for geometric mean calculations. From our study, we established a reference range for the targeted PAHs in the general U.S. population.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Grainger, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA.
EM jag2@cdc.gov
NR 44
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1040-6638
J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP
JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 1
BP 47
EP 65
DI 10.1080/104066390517927
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 897CL
UT WOS:000226981500004
ER
PT J
AU Shaheen, BW
Barrett, T
Oyarzabal, OA
AF Shaheen, B. W.
Barrett, T.
Oyarzabal, O. A.
TI Acid resistance properties of fluoroquinolone-resistant Camphylobacter
jejuni.
SO POULTRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
DE Camphylobacter; acid; adaptation; stress
C1 [Shaheen, B. W.; Oyarzabal, O. A.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Barrett, T.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC
PI SAVOY
PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA
SN 0032-5791
J9 POULTRY SCI
JI Poult. Sci.
PY 2005
VL 84
SU 1
BP 100
EP 100
PG 1
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA V50KR
UT WOS:000203407700395
ER
PT J
AU Khoshnood, B
Blondel, B
Breart, G
Lee, KS
Pryde, P
Schoendorf, K
AF Khoshnood, B
Blondel, B
Breart, G
Lee, KS
Pryde, P
Schoendorf, K
TI Comparison of the use of amniocentesis in two countries with different
policies for prenatal testing: the case of France and the United States
SO PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE prenatal diagnosis; amniocentesis; United States; France; maternal
education
ID DOWN-SYNDROME; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; PREGNANT-WOMEN; MATERNAL AGE;
DIAGNOSIS; PREFERENCES; POPULATION; OUTCOMES; IMPACT; VALIDATION
AB Objective To compare maternal age- and education-specific use of amniocentesis in France and the United States.
Methods We used two nationally representative datasets, National Perinatal Survey of 1998 in France (n = 12 816) and National Center for Health Statistics birth data for 1997 in the United States (n = 3 799 975). Analyses included binomial regression with test of interactions between country, maternal age and education.
Results Amniocentesis use was more than threefold greater in France than in the United States (Risk Ratio (RR) 3.2, 95% CI, 3.1-3.4). This was true across maternal age and education groups. Differences in use of amniocentesis were greatest, however, for women with lower levels of education and older (greater than or equal to38 years) women.
Conclusion Our results suggest greater use and lesser disparities in maternal age- and education-specific use of amniocentesis in France as compared to that in the United States. These differences may be due to several factors, including differences in women's cultural values and preferences. They may also represent barriers to effective access to prenatal testing, particularly for women in lower socioeconomic groups, in the United States. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley Sons. Ltd.
C1 INSERM, U149, Epidemiol Res Unit Perinatal & Womens Hlth, F-94807 Villejuif, France.
Univ Chicago, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
RP Khoshnood, B (reprint author), INSERM, U149, Epidemiol Res Unit Perinatal & Womens Hlth, 16 Ave Paul Vaillant Couturier, F-94807 Villejuif, France.
EM khoshnood@vjf.inserm.fr
OI Khoshnood, Babak/0000-0002-4031-4915; breart, gerard/0000-0003-3142-9128
NR 41
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0197-3851
J9 PRENATAL DIAG
JI Prenat. Diagn.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 1
BP 14
EP 19
DI 10.1002/pd.1075
PG 6
WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 893PK
UT WOS:000226731500003
PM 15662697
ER
PT J
AU Mandell, DS
Thompson, WW
Weintraub, ES
DeStefano, F
Blank, MB
AF Mandell, DS
Thompson, WW
Weintraub, ES
DeStefano, F
Blank, MB
TI Trends in diagnosis rates for autism and ADHD at hospital discharge in
the context of other psychiatric diagnoses
SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES
LA English
DT Article
ID DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER; DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; RUBELLA VACCINATION; NATIONAL
TRENDS; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY
AB Objective: Concerns have been raised over observed increases in the number of children who are given a diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder. The goal of this study was to examine trends by age and calendar year in the diagnosis of two of these disorders, autism and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in the context of other psychiatric disorders in a sample of hospitalized children. Methods: Data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) were used for descriptive analyses of secular trends of diagnosed psychiatric disorders between 1989 and 2000. Changes over time in rates of diagnosis of autism, ADHD, affective disorders, and substance-related disorders were examined and compared. Results: Substance-related disorders were the most common mental disorders recorded at hospital discharge and increased by 39 percent between 1989 and 2000. Affective disorder was the next most common diagnosis and increased by 138 percent. Although autism and ADHD were far less common, their diagnosis rates nearly quadrupled over the course of the study. Although rates of diagnosis of affective and substance-related disorders generally increased over the lifespan, diagnosis of autism and ADHD followed a very different pattern, with peaks in rates at ages seven and 12. Conclusions: Increases in rates of diagnosis of etiologically unrelated mental disorders suggest that there have been changes in diagnostic practices over time, increases in community prevalence of these disorders, and increased likelihood of hospitalizations for different mental disorders.
C1 Univ Penn, Ctr Mental Hlth Policy & Serv Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Mandell, DS (reprint author), Univ Penn, Ctr Mental Hlth Policy & Serv Res, 3535 Market St,3rd Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM mandelld@mail.upenn.edu
RI Mandelld, David/A-1044-2007; Mandell, David/H-2730-2012
OI Mandell, David/0000-0001-8240-820X
NR 53
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA
SN 1075-2730
J9 PSYCHIAT SERV
JI Psychiatr. Serv.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 56
IS 1
BP 56
EP 62
DI 10.1176/appi.ps.56.1.56
PG 7
WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Psychiatry
SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Psychiatry
GA 886HJ
UT WOS:000226217200010
PM 15637193
ER
PT J
AU Gaines, SK
Wold, JL
Spencer, L
Leary, JM
AF Gaines, SK
Wold, JL
Spencer, L
Leary, JM
TI Assessing the need for child-care health consultants
SO PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
LA English
DT Article
DE child care; child-care health consultants; healthy child care; public
health nurses
AB This study surveyed health and safety needs of child-care programs; examined the perceptions of directors, the person identified as being responsible for a program, concerning health consultation; and determined how directors would secure funds to pay for consultative services. The survey was conducted in a state without mandates for child-care health consultation and minimal access to consultants. The researchers designed and pilot-tested a Child Care Health and Safety Survey. Working with a task group of statewide child health experts, the researchers revised the survey and mailed it to a random sample of child-care programs. Twenty-two Head Start Programs, 122 licensed child-care centers, and 116 family child-care homes participated, representing a return rate of 73, 36, and 30%, respectively. The majority of programs expressed interest in child-care health consultation offered for free or fee-based. Directors identified reasonable means of obtaining funds to support consultation. All programs had needs related to supporting health practices in their settings, provision of health services for staff, and health screening for children. Public health nurses, specially trained to advise child care, are well positioned to offer consultation. Systems of health consultation may be accepted as fee-for-service arrangements, supporting sustainability.
C1 Georgia State Univ, Byrdine F Lewis Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Gaines, SK (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Byrdine F Lewis Sch Nursing, POB 4019, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
EM sgaines@gsu.edu
NR 21
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC
PI MALDEN
PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA
SN 0737-1209
J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NURS
JI Public Health Nurs.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 22
IS 1
BP 8
EP 16
DI 10.1111/j.0737-1209.2005.22103.x
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nursing
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nursing
GA 889QM
UT WOS:000226457500003
PM 15670320
ER
PT J
AU Miner, KR
Childers, WK
Alperin, M
Cioffi, J
Hunt, N
AF Miner, KR
Childers, WK
Alperin, M
Cioffi, J
Hunt, N
TI The MACH model: From competencies to instruction and performance of the
public health workforce
SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB In A National Public Health Strategy for Terrorism Preparedness and Response 2003-2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) outlined the 11 imperatives for preventing death, disability, disease, and injury associated with urgent health threats.(1) Imperative five, Competent and Sustainable Workforce, identifies four critical objectives: (1) increase the number and type of professionals who comprise a preparedness and response workforce; (2) deliver certification and competency-based training and education; (3) recruit and retain the highest quality workforce; and (4) evaluate the impact of training to ensure learning has occurred. The plan states: "Challenges that exist... include defining the role of certification, practicing quality assurance and performance measurement, developing customized standard competencies...."(1)
The MACH (Miner, Alperin, Cioffl, and Hunt) Model, developed at the Rollins School of Public Health, serves as a logic map that describes the associations among the objectives and challenges within this imperative. The MACH Model places into context the organizational and instructional theories that underpin workforce preparation and practice. It also accounts for the two general types of needs within public health: those of the employee with skill deficits for specific tasks, which can be met through training or other expert systems; and those of the institution with deficiencies in the work environment, which can be met through management practices and organizational priorities.
C1 Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Practice Program Off, Off Workforce Policy & Planning, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Program Off, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Miner, KR (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd,8th Flr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM kminer@sph.emory.edu
NR 14
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0033-3549
J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP
JI Public Health Rep.
PY 2005
VL 120
SU 1
BP 9
EP 15
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 940IH
UT WOS:000230136400004
PM 16025702
ER
PT J
AU Compton, MT
Kotwicki, RJ
Kaslow, NJ
Reissman, DB
Wetterhall, SF
AF Compton, MT
Kotwicki, RJ
Kaslow, NJ
Reissman, DB
Wetterhall, SF
TI Incorporating mental health into bioterrorism response planning
SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS; TERRORIST ATTACKS; DISASTER; ALCOHOL
C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
DeKalb Cty Board Hlth, Ctr Publ Hlth Preparedness, Decatur, GA USA.
RP Compton, MT (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Box 26238,80 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
EM Michael.Compton@emory.edu
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 6
PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0033-3549
J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP
JI Public Health Rep.
PY 2005
VL 120
SU 1
BP 16
EP 19
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 940IH
UT WOS:000230136400005
PM 16025703
ER
PT J
AU Estrada, LC
Fraser, MR
Cioffi, JP
Sesker, D
Walkner, L
Brand, MW
Kerby, DS
Johnson, DL
Cox, G
Brewer, L
AF Estrada, LC
Fraser, MR
Cioffi, JP
Sesker, D
Walkner, L
Brand, MW
Kerby, DS
Johnson, DL
Cox, G
Brewer, L
TI Partnering for preparedness: The project public health ready experience
SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
AB Effective partnerships between local and state public health agencies and schools of public health have tremendous potential to improve the health of communities nationwide. This article highlights successful collaboration between local public health agencies (LPHA), state health departments, and Academic Centers for Public Health Preparedness (ACPHP) in schools of public health developed through participation in Project Public Health Ready, a program to recognize LPHA emergency preparedness. The project's pilot phase illustrated that LPHAs, state health departments, and ACPHP can effectively work together to improve individual public health worker competency and organizational response capacity in local public health agencies nationwide.
C1 NACCHO, Project Publ Hlth Ready, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
NACCHO, Preparedness & Publ Hlth Infrastruct, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Practise Program Off, Off Workforce Policy & Planning, Atlanta, GA USA.
Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, EMS & Disaster Operat, Div Epidemiol, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA.
Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Upper Midwest Ctr Publ Hlth Preparedness, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot Sci,SW Ctr Publ Hlth Preparednes, Oklahoma City, OK USA.
Tulsa City Cty Hlth Dept, Tulsa, OK USA.
Tarrant Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Ft Worth, TX USA.
RP Estrada, LC (reprint author), NACCHO, Project Publ Hlth Ready, 1100 17th St NW,Flr 2, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
EM lestrada@naccho.org
FU PHS HHS [302718]
NR 1
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0033-3549
J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP
JI Public Health Rep.
PY 2005
VL 120
SU 1
BP 69
EP 75
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 940IH
UT WOS:000230136400014
PM 16025710
ER
PT J
AU Mussolino, ME
AF Mussolino, ME
TI Depression and hip fracture risk: The NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up
study
SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; WOMEN; OSTEOPOROSIS; DISORDER;
METABOLISM; SMOKING; CANCER; SAMPLE
AB Objective. Since hip fracture is the most devastating consequence of osteoporosis from a public health standpoint, addressing whether depression is predictive of fracture risk is important. The purpose of this study is to determine whether individuals with high depressive symptomatology are more likely to suffer an osteoporotic hip fracture than subjects with intermediate or low depressive symptomatology.
Methods. Data from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1) were obtained from a nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized civilians. A cohort aged 25 through 74 at baseline (1971-1975) was observed through 1992. Subjects were followed-up for a maximum of 22 years. Included in the analyses were 6,195 white and black subjects. Ninety-five percent of the original cohort completed the study. Hospital records and death certificates were used to identify a total of 122 hip fracture cases.
Results. In an unadjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model for all individuals, depression was predictive of hip fracture (hazard ratio [HR]=1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.13, 3.21; p=0.016). In a multivariate proportional hazards model controlling for (1) age at baseline, (2) gender, (3) race, (4) body mass index, (5) smoking status, (6) alcohol consumption, and (7) physical activity level, high depressive symptomatology remained predictive of hip fracture (HR=1.70; 95% CI=0.99, 2.91; p=0.055).
Conclusions. This study gives evidence of a prospective association between depression and hip fracture. Additional studies are needed to verify these findings and to elucidate the pathways for the effects of depression on hip fracture incidence.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
RP Mussolino, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Rm 6431, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA.
EM MMussolino@cdc.gov
NR 33
TC 59
Z9 62
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0033-3549
J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP
JI Public Health Rep.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 120
IS 1
BP 71
EP 75
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 881XF
UT WOS:000225902100012
PM 15736334
ER
PT J
AU Hall, HI
Li, JM
Campsmith, M
Sweeney, P
Lee, LM
AF Hall, HI
Li, JM
Campsmith, M
Sweeney, P
Lee, LM
TI Date of first positive HIV test: Reliability of information collected
for HIV/AIDS surveillance in the United States
SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
AB Objectives. This study examined the reliability of the first positive HIV test date reported in the U.S. HIV/AIDS Reporting System (HARS). This date is essential to determine case counts for resource allocation for HIV treatment and prevention efforts.
Methods. The dates of first positive HIV tests reported by individuals with HIV in an interview survey conducted in 16 states (n=16,394, interviewed 1995-2002) were compared with the dates of HIV diagnosis reported to HAIRS. The percentage of agreement for the year of diagnosis and the weighed kappa (k) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated.
Results. Self-reported year of diagnosis agreed with the year of diagnosis in HARS for 56% of date pairs (k=0.69; 95% CI 0.68, 0.70); 30% reported an earlier diagnosis year. Agreement differed by sex, age, race, exposure, and reason or place of testing (p<.01). Lower agreement was found when the self-reported diagnostic test was anonymous (k=0.57; 95% CI 0.52, 0.62) compared with confidential tests (k=0.66; 95% CI 0.64, 0.68). Lower agreement was also found for cases first reported with AIDS (k=0.58; 95% CI 0.55, 0.62) compared with cases first reported with HIV not AIDS (k=0.71; 95% CI 0.70, 0.73) as well as for participants interviewed three years or more after their HARS diagnosis date (k=0.55; 95% CI 0.52, .57) compared with those interviewed within one year (k=0.62; 95% CI 0.61, 0.63). More than 20% of participants in almost all groups, however, reported earlier diagnosis years than those recorded in HARS.
Conclusion. As many as 30% of HIV diagnoses may have occurred earlier than recorded in HARS. Additional studies need to determine mechanisms to adequately capture diagnosis dates in HARS.
C1 CDCP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Hall, HI (reprint author), CDCP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, MS E-47,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM ixh1@cdc.gov
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0033-3549
J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP
JI Public Health Rep.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 120
IS 1
BP 89
EP 95
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 881XF
UT WOS:000225902100015
PM 15736337
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, JL
Hertel, NE
AF Anderson, JL
Hertel, NE
TI Bremsstrahlung doses from natural uranium ingots
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Radiation Shielding (ICRS-10)/13th ANS
Topical Meeting on Radiation Protection and Shielding (RPS 2004)
CY MAY 09-14, 2004
CL Funchal, PORTUGAL
SP Amer Nucl Soc
AB In the past, some privately owned commercial facilities in the United States were involved in producing or processing radioactive materials used in the production of atomic weapons. Seven different geometrical objects, representative of the configurations of natural uranium metal potentially encountered by workers at these facilities, are modelled to determine gamma ray and bremsstrahlung dose rates. The dose rates are calculated using the MCNP5 code and also by using the MICROSHIELD point-kernel code. Both gamma ray and bremsstrahlung dose rates are calculated and combined to obtain a total dose rate. The two methods were found to be in good agreement despite differences in modelling assumptions and method differences. Computed total dose rates on the surface of these objects ranged from similar to 51-84 mu Sv h(-1) and 17-95 mu Sv h(-1) using the MCNP5 and the MICROSHIELD modeling, respectively. The partitioning of the computed dose rates between gamma rays and bremsstrahlung were the same order of magnitude for each object.
C1 NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Anderson, JL (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM JLAnderson@cdc.gov
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PY 2005
VL 115
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 298
EP 301
DI 10.1093/rpd/nci119
PN 1
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 010SQ
UT WOS:000235218600060
PM 16381733
ER
PT J
AU Daniels, RD
Schubauer-Berigan, MK
AF Daniels, RD
Schubauer-Berigan, MK
TI Bias and uncertainty of penetrating photon dose measured by film
dosemeters in an epidemiological study of US nuclear workers
SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID EXPOSURE; ENERGIES
AB A retrospective exposure assessment of 1269 study subjects was completed for use in a multi-site case-control study of the relationship between protracted workplace external radiation exposure and leukaemia mortality. The majority of exposure data result from film badge monitoring programmes at the four US weapons production facilities and a US Naval shipyard. Bias and uncertainty in reported exposures among study facilities and across time were as result of differences in incident photon energy, exposure geometry, dosemeter type and dosimetry methods. These sources of measurement uncertainty were examined by facility and time to derive bias factors (B) for normalising exposures. In conjunction with facility reported results, the bias factors provide a means to estimate the equivalent dose, penetrating to a depth of 10 mm [H-p(10)] and the equivalent dose to the active bone marrow for use in the epidemiological study. Uncertainty was expressed as the constructed 95% confidence interval (i.e. the 2.5th-97.5th% range) of the estimated parameter. The bias factors indicate that recorded exposures provide a reasonable estimate of Hp(10) (bias factor near unity) and overestimate equivalent dose to active bone marrow (HT) by a factor between 1.2 and 1.7. On average, dosemeter-response uncertainties estimated using Monte Carlo simulation were approximately +/- 19 and +/- 33% for H-p(10) and H-T, respectively.
C1 NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA.
RP Daniels, RD (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, 555 Ridge Ave,R-44, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA.
EM RTD2@CDC.gov
RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009
OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X
NR 60
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8420
J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM
JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim.
PY 2005
VL 113
IS 3
BP 275
EP 289
DI 10.1093/rpd/nch470
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 929NW
UT WOS:000229353800005
PM 15769802
ER
PT J
AU McCoy, LF
Scholl, PF
Schleicher, RL
Groopman, JD
Powers, CD
Pfeiffer, CM
AF McCoy, LF
Scholl, PF
Schleicher, RL
Groopman, JD
Powers, CD
Pfeiffer, CM
TI Analysis of aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct in serum using isotope-dilution
liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ALBUMIN ADDUCTS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY;
CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS; HUMAN EXPOSURE; RATS; BIOMARKERS; MORTALITY;
DOSIMETRY; HUMANS
AB A method for quantitative analysis of aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct (B1-Lys) in serum by liquid chromatography using tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) is presented. The protein in a 250-mu L sample was digested in the presence of a stable-isotope internal standard during a 4-h incubation at 37 degrees C with Pronase(TM). B1-Lys and the internal standard were extracted using mixed-mode solid-phase extraction cartridges and eluted with 2% formic acid in methanol. Following evaporation and reconstitution, extracts were injected onto a Luna C-18(2) column and eluted with a step gradient of acetonitrile and 0.06% formic acid. The B1-Lys and the internal standard were detected in a positive ionization selective reaction monitoring mode with a ThermoFinnigan TSQ Quantum triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Calibration curves were linear for concentrations from 0.05-8.0 ng/mL. The method was validated with aflatoxin B1 dosed rat serum diluted to anticipated high and low concentrations. Total imprecision determined from 30 measurements over 15 days was 5.6% and 9.1%, respectively. Recoveries of 78.8 +/- 6.4% for B1-Lys and 85.4 +/- 12.4% for the internal standard were based on the full extraction and reconstitution processes. The method can be used to quantitate B1-Lys at the 0.5 pg/mg albumin level and is suitable for routine analysis. Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
RP Schleicher, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-18, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM zwa5@cdc.gov
OI Scholl, Peter/0000-0002-8870-3266
NR 35
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 10
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PY 2005
VL 19
IS 16
BP 2203
EP 2210
DI 10.1002/rcm.2045
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 954NS
UT WOS:000231162400001
PM 16015671
ER
PT J
AU Vesper, HW
Mi, LC
Enada, A
Myers, GL
AF Vesper, HW
Mi, LC
Enada, A
Myers, GL
TI Assessment of microwave-assisted enzymatic digestion by measuring
glycated hemoglobin A1c by mass spectrometry
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PEPTIDE ANALYSIS; COMPLICATIONS; METABOLITE; ADDUCTS; BLOOD
AB Enzymatic digestion of proteins and analysis of the resulting peptides by mass spectrometry is an established approach in proteomics and in clinical and environmental chemistry. The long digestion times of several hours prevent the fast turnover of samples and results. Qualitative applications showed that microwave radiation profoundly shortens enzymatic digestion. However, its usefulness for quantitative applications had not been assessed. In this study, the microwave-assisted enzymatic digestion of hemoglobin at different temperatures, buffer concentrations, and digestion times was assessed and compared with conventional digestion for the proteolytic enzymes trypsin and Glu-C. A microwave-assisted enzymatic digestion method optimized for digestion time and temperature was applied for the analysis of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c and compared with a reference method. Using trypsin, complete digestion was obtained at 50 degrees C within 20 min. Under these conditions, the digestion efficiency was 20% higher than with conventional trypsin digestion. These effects were not observed with Glu-C as enzyme, probably because of the decreased stability of Glu-C at elevated temperatures in comparison with the trypsin used. The comparison of the optimized microwave-assisted digestion method using trypsin with the reference method for HbA1c using Glu-C gave a close correlation in the results (R-2: 0.996). A significant bias of 0.33% HbA1c was observed, with higher values obtained with the microwave-assisted tryptic digest; this finding might have resulted from the use of a different enzyme. This study showed that microwave-assisted enzymatic digestion can substantially reduce digestion times to minutes and can be used in qualitative as well as quantitative applications. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA.
RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-25, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA.
EM HVesper@cdc.gov
NR 20
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 5
U2 11
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PY 2005
VL 19
IS 19
BP 2865
EP 2870
DI 10.1002/rcm.2135
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 969YL
UT WOS:000232271800020
PM 16155977
ER
PT S
AU Raoult, D
Fournier, PE
Eremeeva, M
Graves, S
Kelly, PJ
Oteo, JA
Sekeyova, Z
Tamura, A
Tarasevich, I
Zhang, LJ
AF Raoult, D
Fournier, PE
Eremeeva, M
Graves, S
Kelly, PJ
Oteo, JA
Sekeyova, Z
Tamura, A
Tarasevich, I
Zhang, LJ
BE Hechemy, KE
Oteo, JA
Raoult, DA
Silverman, DJ
Blanco, JR
TI Naming of rickettsiae and rickettsial diseases
SO RICKETTSIOSES: FROM GENOME TO PROTEOME, PATHOBIOLOGY, AND RICKETTSIAE AS
AN INTERNATIONAL THREAT
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases
CY JUN 18-21, 2005
CL Logrono, SPAIN
SP Gobierno Rioja, Fund Rioja Salud, European Soc Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Amer Soc Rickettsiol
DE Rickettsia; taxonomy; genus; species; rickettsiosis; name
ID SPOTTED-FEVER-GROUP; AD-HOC-COMMITTEE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; GENUS RICKETTSIA; COMB-NOV; TICKS; IDENTIFICATION;
TYPHUS; PROTEIN
AB Over the last 20 years, advances in molecular techniques have greatly facilitated the identification of the members of the Rickettsiales, and numerous new species and diseases have been described. In this paper, we review taxonomic rules and appropriate approaches to valid naming of rickettsial species and the diseases they cause.
C1 Univ Mediterranee, Fac Med, CNRS, UMR 6020,IFR 48,Unite Rickettsies, F-13385 Marseille 05, France.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Geelong Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Geelong, Vic, Australia.
Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Basseterre, St Kitts, W Ind Assoc St.
Hosp La Rioja, Area Gest Clin Enfermedades Infecc, Logrono, Spain.
Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Virol, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Niigata Univ Pharm & Appl Life Sci, Niigata, Japan.
Russian Acad Med Sci, Gamaleya Inst Epidemiol & Microbiol, Lab Rickettsial Ecol, Moscow, Russia.
Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Raoult, D (reprint author), Univ Mediterranee, Fac Med, CNRS, UMR 6020,IFR 48,Unite Rickettsies, 27 Blvd Jean Moulin, F-13385 Marseille 05, France.
EM didier.raoult@medecine.univ-inrs.fr
NR 53
TC 41
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 9
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA
SN 0077-8923
BN 1-57331-600-8
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2005
VL 1063
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.1196/annals.1355.002
PG 12
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Multidisciplinary
Sciences
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA BEE03
UT WOS:000236907200001
PM 16481485
ER
PT S
AU Eremeeva, ME
Madan, A
Shaw, CD
Tang, K
Dasch, GA
AF Eremeeva, Marina E.
Madan, Anup
Shaw, Chris D.
Tang, Kevin
Dasch, Gregory A.
BE Hechemy, KE
Oteo, JA
Raoult, DA
Silverman, DJ
Blanco, JR
TI New perspectives on rickettsial evolution from new genome sequences of
Rickettsia, particularly R. canadensis, and Orientia tsutsugamushi
SO RICKETTSIOSES: FROM GENOME TO PROTEOME, PATHOBIOLOGY, AND RICKETTSIAE AS
AN INTERNATIONAL THREAT
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases
CY JUN 18-21, 2005
CL Logrono, SPAIN
SP Gobierno Rioja, Fund Rioja Salud, European Soc Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Amer Soc Rickettsiol
DE Rickettsia; Orientia; genome; variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR);
annotation
ID TYPHUS GROUP RICKETTSIAE; RNA GENE-SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
FLYING SQUIRRELS; SPOTTED-FEVER; DNA-SEQUENCES; CANADA; PROWAZEKII;
STRAINS; INFECTION
AB The complete genome sequences available for eight species of Rickettsia and information for other near relatives in the Rickettsiales including Orientia and species of Anaplasmataceae are a rich resource for comparative analyses of the evolution of these obligate intracellular bacteria. Differences in these organisms have permitted them to colonize varied intracellular compartments, arthropod vectors, and vertebrate reservoirs in both pathogenic and symbiotic relationships. We summarize some comparative aspects of the genomes of these organisms, paying particular attention to the recently completed sequence for R. canadensis McKiel strain and an estimated two-thirds of the genome sequence for a Thailand patient isolate of Orientia tsutsugamushi. The Rickettsia genomes exhibit a high degree of synteny punctuated by distinctive chromosome inversions and consistent phylogenetic relationships regardless of whether protein coding sequences or RNA genes, concatenated open reading frames or gene regions, or whole genomes are used to construct phylogenetic trees. The aggregate characteristics (number, length, composition, repeat identity) of tandem repeat sequences of Rickettsia, which often exhibit recent and rapid divergence between closely related strains and species of bacteria, are also very conserved in Rickettsia but differed significantly in Orientia. O. tsutsugamushi shared no significant synteny to species of Rickettsia or Anaplasmataceae, supporting its placement in a unique genus. Like Rickettsia felis, Orientia has many transposases and ankyrin and tetratricopeptide repeat domains. Orientia shares the important ATP/ADP translocase and proline-betaine transporter multigene families with Rickettsia, but has more gene families that may be involved in regulatory and transporter responses to environmental stimuli.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Iowa, Neurobiol Lab, Iowa City, IA USA.
Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Interact Arts & Technol, Surrey, BC, Canada.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Sci Resources Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Eremeeva, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Mail Stop G-13,1600 CLifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM MEremeeva@cdc.gov
OI Dasch, Gregory/0000-0001-6090-1810
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI50942, AI05326-01]
NR 44
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 5
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA
SN 0077-8923
BN 1-57331-600-8
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2005
VL 1063
BP 47
EP 63
DI 10.1196/annals.1355.006
PG 17
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Multidisciplinary
Sciences
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA BEE03
UT WOS:000236907200005
PM 16481489
ER
PT S
AU Paddock, CD
AF Paddock, CD
BE Hechemy, KE
Oteo, JA
Raoult, DA
Silverman, DJ
Blanco, JR
TI Rickettsia parkeri as a paradigm for multiple causes of tick-borne
spotted fever in the Western Hemisphere
SO RICKETTSIOSES: FROM GENOME TO PROTEOME, PATHOBIOLOGY, AND RICKETTSIAE AS
AN INTERNATIONAL THREAT
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases
CY JUN 18-21, 2005
CL Logrono, SPAIN
SP Gobierno Rioja, Fund Rioja Salud, European Soc Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Amer Soc Rickettsiol
DE Rickettsia parkeri; Rickettsia rickettsii; Rickettsia amblyommii;
spotted fever rickettsia; rocky mountain spotted fever; Amblyomma
maculatum; gulf coast tick; R.R!Parker
ID GULF-COAST TICK; UNITED-STATES; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM;
DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; INFECTED TICKS; IXODIDAE; TYPHUS; ACARI; OHIO;
EPIDEMIOLOGY
AB Among the many contributions made to rickettsiology by entomologist and rickettsiologist Ralph R. Parker was his discovery in 1937 of a novel rickettsia isolated from the Gulf Coast tick, Amblyomma maculatum. This bacterium was subsequently characterized as a unique rickettsial species in 1965 and named Rickettsia parkeri in honor of its discoverer. During the next several decades R. parkeri was generally considered as one of several "nonpathogenic" spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae that resided in ticks of the United States. The identification of novel rickettsioses on other continents during the last two decades of the twentieth century provided important evidence of the frequent coexistence of multiple and unique tick-borne SFG rickettsiae sharing common geographic regions. Surprisingly, this paradigm, which was repeatedly demonstrated in Europe, Africa, and Australia during the last 10 years, had no confirmed correlate in the United States until 2002, when R. parkeri was isolated from a patient from the state of Virginia. Several pieces of epidemiologic, laboratory, and clinical evidence are compelling enough to suggest that this infection has occurred in other U.S. patients who reside within the range of the Gulf Coast tick. Just as important are new data indicating relatively high infection rates of A. maculatum ticks with R. parkeri, documenting the occurrence of R. parkeri in Amblyomma triste ticks from Uruguay, and providing evidence that other Amblyomma species might serve as efficient vectors of R. parkeri. The recognition of R. parkeri as a cause of disease in humans will hopefully encourage a closer examination for specific etiologies of tick-borne spotted fever rickettsioses in the United States and other countries of the Western Hemisphere.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Paddock, CD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Mailstop G-32,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM cdp9@cdc.gov
NR 67
TC 39
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 9
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA
SN 0077-8923
BN 1-57331-600-8
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2005
VL 1063
BP 315
EP 326
DI 10.1196/annals.1355.051
PG 12
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Multidisciplinary
Sciences
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA BEE03
UT WOS:000236907200050
PM 16481534
ER
PT S
AU Jiang, J
Blair, PJ
Felices, V
Moron, C
Cespedes, M
Anaya, E
Schoeler, GB
Sumner, JW
Olson, JG
Richards, AL
AF Jiang, J
Blair, PJ
Felices, V
Moron, C
Cespedes, M
Anaya, E
Schoeler, GB
Sumner, JW
Olson, JG
Richards, AL
BE Hechemy, KE
Oteo, JA
Raoult, DA
Silverman, DJ
Blanco, JR
TI Phylogenetic analysis of a novel molecular isolate of spotted fever
group rickettsiae from northern Peru - Candidatus rickettsia andeanae
SO RICKETTSIOSES: FROM GENOME TO PROTEOME, PATHOBIOLOGY, AND RICKETTSIAE AS
AN INTERNATIONAL THREAT
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases
CY JUN 18-21, 2005
CL Logrono, SPAIN
SP Gobierno Rioja, Fund Rioja Salud, European Soc Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Amer Soc Rickettsiol
DE Peru; ticks; spotted fever rickettsiae; phylogenetic analysis
ID IDENTIFICATION
AB Phylogenetic analysis of five rickettsial genes (17-kDa gene, gltA, ompB, ompA, and sca4) from two molecular isolates of Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae from two ticks (Amblyomma maculatum and Ixodes boliviensis) collected from two domestic horses living in two separate locations in northern Peru (Coletas and Naranjo) was conducted to more clearly characterize this recently reported novel spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsia. Following nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 17-kDa gene, gltA, ompB, ompA, and sca4, amplicons were purified, sequenced, and compared to those downloaded from GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses of the Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae sequences generated from 17-kDa gene (483 bp), gltA (1185 bp), ompA (1598 lip), ompB (4839 bp), and sca4 (2634 bp) demonstrated that they aligned strongly with those of SFG rickettsiae. Moreover, the sequences of these five genes most closely aligned with the following rickettsiae: ompA: Rickettsia sp RpA4 (98.03%), R. sp DnS28 (97.90%), and R. rhipicephali and R. massiliae (97.11%); ompB: R. aeschlimannii (97.22%), R. rhipicephali (97.20%), and R. sp Bar 29 (97.10%); and sca4: R. massiliae (97.8%), R. rhipicephali, and R. slovaca (97.7%). These results from the additional phylogenetic analyses of Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae confirm its inclusion within, and distance and uniqueness from, other known SFG rickettsiae.
C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Rickettsial Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru.
Minist Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Lima, Peru.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA.
Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Richards, AL (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Rickettsial Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM RichardsA@nmrc.navy.mil
NR 5
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 6
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA
SN 0077-8923
BN 1-57331-600-8
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2005
VL 1063
BP 337
EP 342
DI 10.1196/annals.1355.054
PG 6
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Multidisciplinary
Sciences
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA BEE03
UT WOS:000236907200053
PM 16481537
ER
PT S
AU Reeves, WK
Loftis, AD
Priestley, RA
Wills, W
Sanders, F
Dasch, GA
AF Reeves, WK
Loftis, AD
Priestley, RA
Wills, W
Sanders, F
Dasch, GA
BE Hechemy, KE
Oteo, JA
Raoult, DA
Silverman, DJ
Blanco, JR
TI Molecular and biological characterization of a novel Coxiella-like agent
from Carios capensis
SO RICKETTSIOSES: FROM GENOME TO PROTEOME, PATHOBIOLOGY, AND RICKETTSIAE AS
AN INTERNATIONAL THREAT
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases
CY JUN 18-21, 2005
CL Logrono, SPAIN
SP Gobierno Rioja, Fund Rioja Salud, European Soc Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Amer Soc Rickettsiol
DE argasidae; Coxiella; characterization; novel species
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; BURNETII; SEQUENCE; TICKS; PCR;
IDENTIFICATION; MICROORGANISM; AMPLIFICATION; SAMPLES; 23S
AB The genus Coxiella is currently defined by a single monotypic species, Coxiella burnetii. Novel Coxiella spp. have been detected in ticks throughout the world. These bacteria have not been cultured or named, and their evolutionary relationships to C. burnetii are poorly known. A novel Coxiella-like agent was detected by PCR amplification and sequencing of DNA extracted from 64 pelican ticks, Carios capensis, from Devoux Bank, South Carolina, USA. PCR was used to amplify and characterize genes from the new bacterium. Sequences from some metabolic and housekeeping genes shared a 92-98% similarity to C. burnetii, but other genes such as the IS1111 transposon, com1, and 5S and 16S rRNA genes were not amplified by conventional PCR. Transovarial and transtadial transmission and environmental shedding of the agent were detected by PCR.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Clemson Univ, Dept Entomol Soils & Plant Sci, Clemson, SC USA.
S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Santee Coastal Reserve, McClellanville, SC USA.
RP Dasch, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM cui8@cdc.gov
OI Dasch, Gregory/0000-0001-6090-1810
NR 16
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 5
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA
SN 0077-8923
BN 1-57331-600-8
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2005
VL 1063
BP 343
EP 345
DI 10.1196/annals.1355.055
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Multidisciplinary
Sciences
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA BEE03
UT WOS:000236907200054
PM 16481538
ER
PT S
AU Massung, RF
Zeidner, NS
Dolan, MC
Roellig, D
Gabitzsch, E
Troughton, DR
AF Massung, RF
Zeidner, NS
Dolan, MC
Roellig, D
Gabitzsch, E
Troughton, DR
BE Hechemy, KE
Oteo, JA
Raoult, DA
Silverman, DJ
Blanco, JR
TI Prophylactic use of sustained-release doxycycline blocks
tick-transmitted infection by Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a murine
model
SO RICKETTSIOSES: FROM GENOME TO PROTEOME, PATHOBIOLOGY, AND RICKETTSIAE AS
AN INTERNATIONAL THREAT
SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Conference on Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases
CY JUN 18-21, 2005
CL Logrono, SPAIN
SP Gobierno Rioja, Fund Rioja Salud, European Soc Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Amer Soc Rickettsiol
DE Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Ixodes scapularis; doxycycline; human
granulocytic anaplasmosis; treatment
ID HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS
AB A sustained-release formulation of doxycycline hyclate was tested for its ability to block Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in mice. Mice treated with sustained-release doxycycline showed no splenomegaly and their blood samples were negative by PCR on days 7, 14, and 21. Control mice treated with either oral doxycycline or water had significant splenomegaly and were PCR positive at multiple time points. The sustained-release doxycycline formulation was shown to be efficacious for preventing tick-transmitted A. phagocytophilum infection in a mouse model.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Massung, RF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM rfm2@cdc.gov
NR 5
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA
SN 0077-8923
BN 1-57331-600-8
J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI
JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci.
PY 2005
VL 1063
BP 436
EP 438
DI 10.1196/annals.1355.080
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Multidisciplinary
Sciences
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA BEE03
UT WOS:000236907200072
PM 16481556
ER
PT J
AU Curwin, B
Brown, A
Acquavella, J
AF Curwin, B
Brown, A
Acquavella, J
TI Sessions on exposure assessment
SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Monsanto Inc, St Louis, MO USA.
RP Curwin, B (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM bcurwin@cdc.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
PI HELSINKI
PA TOPELIUKSENKATU 41A, SF-00250 HELSINKI, FINLAND
SN 0355-3140
J9 SCAND J WORK ENV HEA
JI Scand. J. Work Environ. Health
PY 2005
VL 31
SU 1
BP 63
EP 65
PG 3
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 966HI
UT WOS:000232010300010
ER
PT J
AU Fingerhut, M
Driscoll, T
Nelson, DI
Concha-Barrientos, M
Punnett, L
Pruss-Ustin, A
Steenland, K
Leigh, J
Corvalan, C
AF Fingerhut, M
Driscoll, T
Nelson, DI
Concha-Barrientos, M
Punnett, L
Pruss-Ustin, A
Steenland, K
Leigh, J
Corvalan, C
TI Contribution of occupational risk factors to the global burden of
disease - a summary of findings
SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Occupational Health Services
CY JAN 25-27, 2005
CL Helsinki, FINLAND
DE asthma; back pain; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; hearing loss;
leukemia; lung cancer; needlesticks; occupational disease; occupational
injuries; occupational carcinogens; risk assessment
AB The World Health Organization conducted a comparative risk assessment to ascertain the contributions of 26 risk factors to the global burden of disease. Five occupational risk factors accounted for an estimated 37% of back pain, 16% of hearing loss, 13% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 11% of asthma, 9% of lung cancer, 8% of injuries, and 2% of leukemia worldwide. Virtually all cases of silicosis, asbestosis, and coal workers' pneumoconiosis were work-related. Contaminated sharps injuries accounted for 40% of hepatitis B, 40% of hepatitis C, and 4% of HIV/AlDS infections among health care workers. Data limitations, primarily in developing countries, prevented the inclusion of other major occupational risk factors. These selected occupational risks accounted for about 850 000 deaths and 24 million years of healthy life lost each year. The deaths due to these selected occupational risk factors constitute only 43% of the International Labour Organization's estimate of 2 million deaths worldwide due to work-related risks.
C1 NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Univ Sydney, Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Geol Soc Amer, Boulder, CO USA.
Asociac Chilena Seguridad, Santiago, Chile.
Univ Massachusetts, Lowell, MA USA.
World Hlth Org, Occupat & Environm Hlth Unit, Geneva, Switzerland.
Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Univ Sydney, Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
RP Fingerhut, M (reprint author), NIOSH, 200 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20201 USA.
EM mfingerhut@cdc.gov
NR 14
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 5
PU SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
PI HELSINKI
PA TOPELIUKSENKATU 41A, SF-00250 HELSINKI, FINLAND
SN 0355-3140
J9 SCAND J WORK ENV HEA
JI Scand. J. Work Environ. Health
PY 2005
SU 1
BP 58
EP 61
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 981IY
UT WOS:000233083300014
ER
PT J
AU Finelli, L
Miller, JT
Tokars, JI
Alter, MJ
Arduino, MJ
AF Finelli, L
Miller, JT
Tokars, JI
Alter, MJ
Arduino, MJ
TI National surveillance of dialysis-associated diseases in the United
States, 2002
SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEPATITIS-B; HEMODIALYSIS UNIT; OUTBREAK
AB In December 2002, all U.S. chronic hemodialysis centers were surveyed regarding selected patient care practices and dialysis-associated diseases. The results were compared with similar surveys conducted in previous years. In 2002, 85% of hemodialysis centers were free-standing and 81% operated for profit; the proportion of centers operating for profit has increased each year since 1985. During 1995-2002, the percentage of patients who received dialysis through central catheters increased from 13% to 26%; this trend is worrisome, as infections and antimicrobial use are higher among patients receiving dialysis through catheters. However, during the same period, the percentage of patients receiving dialysis through fistulas increased from 22% to 33%. The percentage of centers reporting one or more patients infected or colonized with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) increased from 12% in 1995 to 30% in 2002. During 1997-2002, the percentage of patients vaccinated against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection increased from 47% to 56% and the percentage of staff vaccinated increased from 87% to 90%. In 2002, routine testing for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was performed on patients at 64% of centers; anti-HCV was found in 7.8% of patients. In 2001, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) published Recommendations for Preventing Transmission of Infections among Chronic Hemodialysis Patients. Centers were surveyed regarding their awareness of the recommendations and about a variety of infection control practices. In general, the incidence of HBV and HCV was not substantially different for the infection control practices evaluated, including where staff obtain clean supplies for patient treatment, reuse of unused and unopened supplies, and practices for changing external transducer filters/protectors. However, in 2002, the incidence of HBV infection was higher among patients in centers where injectable medications were prepared on a medication cart or medication area located in the treatment area compared to a dedicated medication room. Also, those centers that used a disposable container versus a nondisposable container for priming the dialyzer had a significantly lower incidence of HCV.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Healthcare Outcomes Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Lab Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Div Viral Hepatitis,natl Ctr Infect Dis, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Finelli, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Hepatitis, US Dept HHS, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM LFinelli@cdc.gov
RI Arduino, Matthew/C-1461-2012
OI Arduino, Matthew/0000-0001-7072-538X
NR 24
TC 203
Z9 218
U1 1
U2 6
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC
PI MALDEN
PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA
SN 0894-0959
J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS
JI Semin. Dial.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2005
VL 18
IS 1
BP 52
EP 61
DI 10.1111/j.1525-139X.2005.18108.x
PG 10
WC Urology & Nephrology
SC Urology & Nephrology
GA 889JY
UT WOS:000226440500015
PM 15663766
ER
PT J
AU Rota, PA
Liu, X
Cook, BT
Tong, SX
AF Rota, Paul A.
Liu, Xin
Cook, Byron T.
Tong, Suxiang
BE Peiris, M
Anderson, LJ
Osterhaus, AD
Stohr, K
Yuen, KY
TI Structure of the Genome of SARS CoV
SO SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ACUTE-RESPIRATORY-SYNDROME; SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS; MOLECULAR
EPIDEMIOLOGY; EVOLUTION; CHINA; SEQUENCE; UNIQUE; VIRUS
C1 [Rota, Paul A.; Liu, Xin; Cook, Byron T.; Tong, Suxiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Rota, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-47075-595-2
PY 2005
BP 58
EP 63
D2 10.1002/9780470755952
PG 6
WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
GA BZM56
UT WOS:000302029300009
ER
PT B
AU LeDuc, JW
AF LeDuc, James W.
BE Peiris, M
Anderson, LJ
Osterhaus, AD
Stohr, K
Yuen, KY
TI Public Health Response: A View from a Region with a Low Incidence of
SARS
SO SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; CORONAVIRUS
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP LeDuc, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-47075-595-2
PY 2005
BP 169
EP 175
D2 10.1002/9780470755952
PG 7
WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
GA BZM56
UT WOS:000302029300019
ER
PT J
AU Parashar, UD
Merianos, A
Roth, C
Anderson, LJ
AF Parashar, Umesh D.
Merianos, Angela
Roth, Cathy
Anderson, Larry J.
BE Peiris, M
Anderson, LJ
Osterhaus, AD
Stohr, K
Yuen, KY
TI Preparing for a Possible Resurgence of SARS
SO SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; HONG-KONG; CORONAVIRUS; IDENTIFICATION;
INFECTION; OUTBREAK; CLUSTER
C1 [Parashar, Umesh D.; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Merianos, Angela] World Hlth Org, Dept Communicable Dis Surveillance & Response, Geneva, Switzerland.
RP Parashar, UD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-47075-595-2
PY 2005
BP 231
EP 238
D2 10.1002/9780470755952
PG 8
WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System
GA BZM56
UT WOS:000302029300024
ER
PT J
AU Valappil, T
Kelaghan, J
Macaluso, M
Artz, L
Austin, H
Fleenor, ME
Robey, L
Hook, EW
AF Valappil, T
Kelaghan, J
Macaluso, M
Artz, L
Austin, H
Fleenor, ME
Robey, L
Hook, EW
TI Female condom and male condom failure among women at high risk of
sexually transmitted diseases
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL-TRIAL; LATEX CONDOM;
CONTRACEPTIVE EFFICACY; POLYURETHANE CONDOM; VAGINAL INTERCOURSE; HIV
TRANSMISSION; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; UNITED-STATES; SEX WORKERS
AB Objective: The objective of this study was to study the frequency and determinants of breakage and slippage during female and male condom use.
Goal: The goal of this study was to determine condom breakage and slippage rate.
Study: We conducted a 6-month prospective follow-up study of women attending 2 sexually transmitted disease clinics. Breakage and slippage rates were computed. Logistic regression was used to evaluate baseline characteristics and time-dependent behaviors.
Results: A total of 869 women used condoms in 20,148 acts of intercourse. Breakage was less common for female condoms (0.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05-0.21) than for male condoms (3.1%; 95% CI, 2.80-3.42). Slippage was more common for female condoms (5.6%; 95% CI, 5.10-6.13) than for male condoms (1.1%; 95% CI, 0.90-1.28). Rates significantly decreased with use and increased with number of previous failures. From first use to >15 uses, combined failure rate fell from 20% to 1.2% for female condoms (P <0.0001) and 9% to 2.3% for male condoms (P <0.01).
Conclusions: Both condoms may provide good protection against sexually transmitted diseases. Experience determines success with either condom.
C1 US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA.
NICHHD, Rockville, MD USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Jefferson Cty Dept Hlth, Birmingham, AL USA.
Madison Cty Hlth Dept, Huntsville, AL USA.
RP Valappil, T (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, HFD-725,9201 Corp Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
EM valappilt@cder.fda.gov
RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015
OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690
FU NICHD NIH HHS [N01-HD-1-3,135]
NR 51
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 1
BP 35
EP 43
DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000148295.60514.0b
PG 9
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 885XZ
UT WOS:000226192000006
PM 15614119
ER
PT J
AU Choi, KH
McFarland, W
Neilands, TB
Nguyen, S
Secura, G
Behel, S
MacKellar, D
Valleroy, L
AF Choi, KH
McFarland, W
Neilands, TB
Nguyen, S
Secura, G
Behel, S
MacKellar, D
Valleroy, L
TI High level of hepatitis B infection and ongoing risk among Asian/Pacific
islander men who have sex with men, San Francisco, 2000-2001
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID YOUNG MEN; VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; HIV; VACCINATION;
IMMUNIZATION; PREVALENCE; HEALTH
AB Objectives: This study examined serologic markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and immunity among young Asian/Pacific Islander men who have sex with men (API MSM) in San Francisco.
Methods: Participants were 496 API MSM, aged 18 to 29 years, recruited to participate in a cross-sectional survey using a random, venue-based, time-space sampling method.
Results: Of 489 subjects tested, 28.0% had evidence of past HBV infection, including 8.2% who were chronically infected; 24.9% were immune as a result of vaccination; and 47.0% were susceptible to infection. Self-reported vaccination history was low overall and discrepant with serologic findings.
Conclusions: HBV infection persists as a significant health problem among API MSM as a result of childhood infection, low vaccination coverage in Asia and the United States, and continuing adult exposure through male-male sex. Although challenging, vigorous efforts are needed to increase vaccination coverage among adult API MSM.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA.
St Louis Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Choi, KH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, 74 New Montgomery St,Suite 600, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
EM khchoi@psg.ucsf.edu
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U62/CCU906255-12]
NR 25
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 1
BP 44
EP 48
DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000148296.93945.53
PG 5
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 885XZ
UT WOS:000226192000007
PM 15614120
ER
PT J
AU van der Straten, A
Kang, MS
Posner, SF
Kamba, M
Chipato, T
Padian, NS
AF van der Straten, A
Kang, MS
Posner, SF
Kamba, M
Chipato, T
Padian, NS
TI Predictors of diaphragm use as a potential sexually transmitted
disease/HIV prevention method in Zimbabwe
SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCEPTABILITY; WOMEN; HIV; TRANSMISSION; CONTRACEPTIVES; SPERMICIDE;
INFECTION; CULTURE; TURKEY; TRACT
AB Background: Women who are the most vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases/HIV are often unable to consistently use condoms. One potential alternative method currently under investigation is the diaphragm.
Goals: The goals of this study were to assess diaphragm uptake and use over time in Zimbabwe and to identify factors associated with self-reported consistent diaphragm use.
Study: Women attending family planning clinics who were inconsistent condom users received a diaphragm intervention and were followed for 6 months.
Results: Of the 186 participants, 99% ever reported using the diaphragm, and, at study exit, 96% had used it in the previous 2 months. Consistent diaphragm use since the previous visit was reported by 13% to 16% of the women, and in multivariate regression analysis, it was significantly associated with never using condoms (adjusted odds ratio, 24.08; 95% confidence interval, 6.71-86.34). Other factors included discreet use, preferring diaphragms to condoms, timing of insertion, domestic violence, and contraception.
Conclusion: Diaphragms were well accepted among women at risk for sexually transmitted diseases/HIV.
C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Ctr Reprod Hlth Res & Policy, San Francisco, CA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, UZ UCSF Collaborat Res Programme Womens Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA.
Univ Zimbabwe, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Harare, Zimbabwe.
RP van der Straten, A (reprint author), Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, 74 New Montgomery St,Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
EM avdstraten@psg.ucsf.edu
OI Posner, Samuel/0000-0003-1574-585X
NR 43
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0148-5717
J9 SEX TRANSM DIS
JI Sex. Transm. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 1
BP 64
EP 71
DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000148301.90343.3a
PG 8
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA 885XZ
UT WOS:000226192000010
PM 15614123
ER
PT J
AU Kisin, E
Murray, AR
Johnson, V
Gorelik, O
Arepalli, S
Gandelsman, VZ
Hubbs, AF
Mercer, RR
Baron, P
Kagan, VE
Potapovich, AI
Castranova, V
Shvedova, AA
AF Kisin, E
Murray, AR
Johnson, V
Gorelik, O
Arepalli, S
Gandelsman, VZ
Hubbs, AF
Mercer, RR
Baron, P
Kagan, VE
Potapovich, AI
Castranova, V
Shvedova, AA
TI Pulmonary oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis induced by carbon
nanotubes.
SO SHOCK
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 11th Congress of the European-Shock-Society
CY JAN 27-30, 2005
CL Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP European Shock Soc, Soc Advancement Res Traumat & Sept Shock
C1 NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, HELD, Morgantown, WV USA.
NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, HELD, Morgantown, WV USA.
W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
Lockheed Martin Corp, Engn Directorate, Mat & Proc Branch, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
NASA, Nanotube Team, GBTech Inc, JSC, Houston, TX USA.
NIOSH, Monitoring Res & Stat Act, DART, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1073-2322
J9 SHOCK
JI Shock
PY 2005
VL 23
SU 2
MA 177
BP 65
EP 65
PG 1
WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System
& Cardiology
GA 884QP
UT WOS:000226101200151
ER
PT J
AU Strine, TW
Chapman, DP
AF Strine, TW
Chapman, DP
TI Associations of frequent sleep insufficiency with health-related quality
of life and health behaviors
SO SLEEP MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE insufficient sleep; health-related quality of life; risk behaviors;
chronic disease; physical health; mental health
ID SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; DISORDERS; DISTURBANCES; AGE
AB Background and purpose: Sleep-related problems, which affect 50-70 million Americans, involve all areas of life, including cognitive performance, emotional well-being, work and leisure-time activities, and general physical and mental well-being. We examined the association of insufficient sleep with health-related quality of life (BRQOL) and health behaviors.
Patients and methods: Data were obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, an ongoing, state-based, random-digit telephone survey of the non-institutionalized US population aged greater than or equal to 18 years. In 2002, HRQOL measures were administered in 18 states and the District of Columbia, yielding complete responses to questions regarding sleep and demographic characteristics from 98% of study participants (n = 79,625).
Results: An estimated 26% of adults reported frequent ( greater than or equal to 14 days in the past 30 days) sleep insufficiency. They were significantly more likely than those without frequent sleep insufficiency to report fair/poor general health, frequent physical distress, frequent mental distress, activity limitations, depressive symptoms, anxiety, and pain. In addition, they were significantly more likely to smoke, to be physically inactive, to be obese, and, among men, to drink heavily.
Conclusion: Insufficient sleep is associated with a variety of adverse health behaviors and impairment in all HRQOL domains investigated. Accordingly, assessment of sleep appears to be an important component of general medical care. Moreover, expanded assessment of sleep in the general population may provide a better understanding of prevalence of impaired sleep and its many implications. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Strine, TW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM tws2@cdc.gov
NR 27
TC 143
Z9 153
U1 1
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1389-9457
J9 SLEEP MED
JI Sleep Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 6
IS 1
BP 23
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.sleep.2004.06.003
PG 5
WC Clinical Neurology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 899CY
UT WOS:000227123700003
PM 15680291
ER
PT J
AU Kendall, C
Afable-Munsuz, A
Speizer, I
Avery, A
Schmidt, N
Santelli, J
AF Kendall, C
Afable-Munsuz, A
Speizer, I
Avery, A
Schmidt, N
Santelli, J
TI Understanding pregnancy in a population of inner-city women in New
Orleans - results of qualitative research
SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE unintended pregnancy; qualitative methods; multiple dimensions;
inner-city women; relationships; USA
ID UNINTENDED PREGNANCIES; TEENAGE CHILDBEARING; UNITED-STATES; CONDOM;
INTENTIONS; QUESTIONS; BEHAVIOR; RISK
AB Unintended pregnancy has conventionally been defined as a pregnancy that is mistimed or unwanted, and this classification has been widely used in survey research. This study explores the utility of these constructs for women who visited a family planning clinic and a prenatal clinic in inner-city New Orleans, LA, and, by extension, for women of similar background and experience. We used semi-structured, open-ended research to explore sexual debut and history, contraceptive knowledge and use, pregnancy history, partner relations, and service use among 77 women (73 of whom were African-American).
This study addresses the apparent paradox of high-risk sexual and contraceptive behavior in the presence of expressed preferences to postpone childbearing. It provides some insight into the cultural and social context in which these events and decisions take place and explores the multiple dimensions that shape women's sexual behaviors and their desires for pregnancy. The dimensions explored include perceptions of and experiences with sex/sexuality, values concerning childbearing/motherhood, relationships with partners, experiences with contraception, and attitudes toward abortion.
The apparent ambivalence seen in reports of women asked whether a pregnancy was intended, such as statements that they did not want to get pregnant but were either not using contraception or using it irregularly, calls into question the idea that intendedness can be routinely and easily inferred from survey research. Correspondingly, it is not possible to simply assume that either intentionality or future intentions directly affect decisions to use contraception. The problem is that the many factors-structural and individual-affect women's preferences and ability to postpone a pregnancy or to use contraception. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Int Hlth & Dev, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Social Disparities Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Div Reprod Hlth, DynCorp Consultant Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Richmond, VA USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Div Reprod Hlth, Appl Sci Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Kendall, C (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Int Hlth & Dev, 1440 Canal St,Suite 2200, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA.
EM ckendall@tulane.edu
NR 40
TC 88
Z9 89
U1 0
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-9536
J9 SOC SCI MED
JI Soc. Sci. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 60
IS 2
BP 297
EP 311
DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.05.007
PG 15
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences
GA 872KV
UT WOS:000225207000009
PM 15522486
ER
PT J
AU Schmid, T
Zabina, H
McQueen, D
Glasunov, I
Potemkina, R
AF Schmid, T
Zabina, H
McQueen, D
Glasunov, I
Potemkina, R
TI The first telephone-based health survey in Moscow: building a model for
behavioral risk factor surveillance in Russia
SO SOZIAL-UND PRAVENTIVMEDIZIN
LA English
DT Article
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Russian Ctr Prevent Med, Moscow, Russia.
RP Schmid, T (reprint author), CDC, Div Nutr & Phys Act, MS K-46,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM Tschmid@cdc.gov
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG
PI BASEL
PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0303-8408
J9 SOZ PRAVENTIV MED
JI Sozial-und Pravent.
PY 2005
VL 50
IS 1
BP 60
EP 62
DI 10.1007/s000380-004-3069-z
PG 3
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 994QI
UT WOS:000234045900016
PM 15771331
ER
PT J
AU Flegal, KM
AF Flegal, KM
TI Estimating the impact of obesity
SO SOZIAL-UND PRAVENTIVMEDIZIN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID RISK
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Weight & Hlth, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA.
EM kmf2@cdc.gov
RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013;
OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG
PI BASEL
PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0303-8408
J9 SOZ PRAVENTIV MED
JI Sozial-und Pravent.
PY 2005
VL 50
IS 2
BP 73
EP 74
DI 10.1007/s00038-004-4109-4
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 994QJ
UT WOS:000234046000001
PM 15900958
ER
PT J
AU Huo, DZ
Bailey, SL
Garfein, RS
Ouellet, LJ
AF Huo, DZ
Bailey, SL
Garfein, RS
Ouellet, LJ
TI Changes in the sharing of drug injection equipment among
street-recruited injection drug users in Chicago, Illinois, 1994-1996
SO SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
LA English
DT Article
DE HIV infections; intravenous substance abuse; longitudinal studies;
needle-exchange program; needle sharing
ID HIV RISK BEHAVIORS; SYRINGE EXCHANGE; VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATITIS-C;
DETERMINANTS; PREVALENCE; PREDICTORS; PROGRAM
AB This study examines changes in the multi-person use of drug injection paraphernalia during the mid-1990s, a time of increasing awareness of HIV transmission modes and availability of prevention programs. Beginning in 1994, 794 street-recruited injection drug users in Chicago were interviewed and followed at 6 and 12 months postbaseline. Random-effects, pattern-mixture logistic regression models were used to determine correlates of five injection-equipment sharing practices, while accounting for repeated measurement and study attrition. At baseline, 45.7% of participants reported receptive syringe sharing in the previous 6 months. Syringe-mediated sharing was reported by 28.7% of participants and the sharing of cookers (65.1%), cotton filters (55.7%), and rinse water (46.9%) was common. During follow-up, the proportion of all sharing behaviors decreased significantly, especially receptive syringe sharing. Participation in a syringe exchange program was associated with reductions in receptive syringe sharing and syringe-mediated sharing, but not the sharing of cookers.
C1 Univ Chicago, Dept Hlth Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Community Outreach Intervent Projects, Chicago, IL USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Huo, DZ (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Hlth Studies, 5841 S Maryland Ave,MC2007, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM dhuo@health.bsd.uchicago.edu
FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U64/CCU509678-01]
NR 33
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1082-6084
J9 SUBST USE MISUSE
JI Subst. Use Misuse
PY 2005
VL 40
IS 1
BP 63
EP 76
DI 10.1081/JA-200030495
PG 14
WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology
SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology
GA 891MM
UT WOS:000226585200004
PM 15702649
ER
PT J
AU Costello, R
Young, J
Burkholder, R
Cranston, J
Ortel, TL
Dentali, S
Cotter, R
Maillet, JOS
Hawkins, B
Hooper, WC
AF Costello, R
Young, J
Burkholder, R
Cranston, J
Ortel, TL
Dentali, S
Cotter, R
Maillet, JOS
Hawkins, B
Hooper, WC
TI Dialogue with patient care organizations
SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Dietary Supplements, Coagulation and Antithrombotic
Therapies
CY JAN 13-14, 2005
CL NIH, Bethesda, MD
HO NIH
ID ST-JOHNS-WORT; VITAMIN-K INTAKE; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; NUTRITIONAL
SUPPLEMENTS; HERBAL MEDICINES; PRODUCTS; THERAPIES; MORTALITY; REMEDIES;
GINSENG
C1 NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Platelet Disorder Support Assoc, Rockville, MD USA.
Natl Consumers League, Washington, DC USA.
Amer Med Assoc, Chicago, IL 60610 USA.
Amer Soc Hematol, Washington, DC USA.
Amer Herbal Prod Assoc, Silver Spring, MD USA.
Amer Soc Clin Nutr, Bethesda, MD USA.
Amer Dietet Assoc, Chicago, IL USA.
Amer Soc Hlth Syst Pharmacists, Bethesda, MD USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Costello, R (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, 6100 Execut Blvd,3B01, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM CostellB@od.nih.gov
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0049-3848
J9 THROMB RES
JI Thromb. Res.
PY 2005
VL 117
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 211
EP 222
DI 10.1016/j.thromres.2005.07.004
PG 12
WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 987AM
UT WOS:000233490800031
PM 16125754
ER
PT J
AU Brent, G
Boyle, CA
AF Brent, G
Boyle, CA
TI The impact of maternal thyroid diseases on the developing fetus:
Implications for diagnosis, treatment, and screening. Summary of
proceedings, workshop organization, program, and participants
SO THYROID
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Amer Thyroid Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Div Thyroid 1, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Boyle, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-87, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM cboyle@cdc.gov
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA
SN 1050-7256
J9 THYROID
JI Thyroid
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 1
BP 36
EP 40
DI 10.1089/thy.2005.15.36
PG 5
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 896FX
UT WOS:000226921100007
PM 15687821
ER
PT J
AU Boyle, CA
Ladenson, P
Haddow, JE
AF Boyle, CA
Ladenson, P
Haddow, JE
TI Methods and criteria used in evidence-based decisions in public health
SO THYROID
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on the Impact of Maternal Thyroid Diseases on the Developing
Fetus
CY JAN 12-13, 2004
CL Atlanta, GA
ID GUIDELINES
AB A workshop entitled, "The Impact of Maternal Thyroid Diseases on the Developing Fetus: Implications for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Screening," was held in Atlanta, Georgia, January 12-13, 2004. This paper reports on the session that examined methods and criteria used for decisions in public health. For this session the following papers were presented: "Methods to Evaluate Scientific Evidence," "Criteria for Screening," and "Public Health Considerations." Development of evidence-based guidelines, strengthened by rigorous systematic reviews, will improve the quality, efficiency, and cost effectiveness of management of thyroid dysfunction among reproductive-age women. Maternal and fetal benefits that have been hypothesized to result from screening pregnant and pre-pregnant women for hypothyroidism include reduced incidences of peripartum maternal complications and fetal loss and optimization of fetal and neonatal neuropsychological development. Screening should be considered as the initial step in a comprehensive program that includes appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. The actual benefits and potential risks (i.e., iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis) of implementing a thyroid function screening program have not been demonstrated in a prospective randomized clinical trial or prospective cohort study. Consequently, it is difficult to develop consensus and secure resources for a comprehensive thyroid function screening and therapeutic intervention program in women who are or anticipate becoming pregnant. Marshalling support for performance of both a clinical trial and high-quality observational studies should be a high priority.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Baltimore, MD USA.
Fdn Blood Res, Scarborough, ME 04074 USA.
RP Boyle, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-87, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM cboyle@cdc.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA
SN 1050-7256
J9 THYROID
JI Thyroid
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 1
BP 41
EP 43
DI 10.1089/thy.2005.15.41
PG 3
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 896FX
UT WOS:000226921100008
PM 15687822
ER
PT J
AU Hollowell, JG
LaFranchi, S
Smallridge, RC
Spong, CY
Haddow, JE
Boyle, CA
AF Hollowell, JG
LaFranchi, S
Smallridge, RC
Spong, CY
Haddow, JE
Boyle, CA
TI 2004 where do we go from here? - Summary of working group discussions on
thyroid function and gestational outcomes
SO THYROID
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB A workshop entitled, "The Impact of Maternal Thyroid Diseases on the Developing Fetus: Implications for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Screening," was held in Atlanta, Georgia, January 12-13,2004. This paper reports points of agreement among the attendees based on the scientific rigor of material presented. At the end of the workshop, participants were divided into four smaller groups to discuss and determine areas of agreement on issues associated with thyroid insufficiency, identify research needs and gaps, and recommend research strategies and policy needs. Discussion included: problems for the mother and the pregnancy; neuropsychological/developmental performance in offspring of women with thyroid deficiency; issues of diagnosis and treatment for the pregnant women with overt and subclinical hypothyroidism; the issues involved with screening women who are pregnant or who are planning pregnancy; and the status of Iodine Nutrition in the United States. The group then identified research needs and gaps. The results of these discussions are outlined in the paper with recommended research strategies and public health action.
C1 Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Kansas City, KS 66049 USA.
Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pediat, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
Mayo Clin Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA.
NICHHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Fdn Blood Res, Scarborough, ME 04074 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Hollowell, JG (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 435 N 1500 Rd, Kansas City, KS 66049 USA.
EM jgh3@mindspring.com
NR 6
TC 14
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 2
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA
SN 1050-7256
J9 THYROID
JI Thyroid
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 15
IS 1
BP 72
EP 76
DI 10.1089/thy.2005.15.72
PG 5
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 896FX
UT WOS:000226921100012
PM 15687826
ER
PT S
AU Kolli, VS
Liu, H
He, JY
Pan, MH
Pan, Y
AF Kolli, VS
Liu, H
He, JY
Pan, MH
Pan, Y
BE Priami, C
Zelikovsky, A
TI Calculating genomic distances in parallel using OpenMP
SO TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL SYSTEMS BIOLOGY II
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Bioinformatics Research and Applications
(IWBRA 2004)
CY MAY 22-24, 2005
CL Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA
HO Emory Univ
AB By finding the corresponding shortest edit distance between two signed gene permutations, we can know the smallest number of insertions, deletions, and inversions required to change on string of genes into another, where insertion, deletion and inversion are the process of genome evolutions. However, it is NP-hard problem to compute the edit distance between two genomes. Marron et al proposed a polynomial-time approximation algorithm to compute (near) minimum edit distances under inversions, deletions, and unrestricted insertions. Our work is based on Marron's et al algorithm, which carries out lots of comparisons and sorting to calculate the edit distance. These comparisons and sorting are extremely time-consuming, and they result in the decrease of the efficiency. We believe the efficiency of the algorithm can be improved by parallelizing. We parallelize their algorithm via OpenMP on Intel C++ compiler for Linux 7.1, and compare three levels of parallelism: coarse grain, fine grain and combination of both. The experiments are conducted for a varying number of threads and length of the gene sequences. The experimental results have shown that either coarse grain parallelism or fine grain parallelism alone does not improve the performance of the algorithm very much, however, the combination of both fine grain and coarse grain parallelism have improve the performance to a great extent.
C1 Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
Southeast Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Carrer Dev, Career Dev Div, Publ Hlth Informat Fellow Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Georgia State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
EM hui.anitaliu@gmail.com; pan@cs.gsu.edu
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 3-540-29401-5
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2005
VL 3680
BP 113
EP 123
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary
Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science
GA BDM91
UT WOS:000234378500008
ER
PT B
AU Bell, BP
AF Bell, Beth P.
BE Thomas, H
Lemon, S
Zuckerman, A
TI Prevention
SO VIRAL HEPATITIS, 3RD EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID HEPATITIS-A VACCINE; COMMUNITY-WIDE OUTBREAK; IMMUNE SERUM GLOBULIN;
CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED
TRIAL; PEACE-CORPS VOLUNTEERS; DAY-CARE-CENTERS; WILD-TYPE VIRUS;
ATTENUATED HEPATITIS
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Bell, BP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 203
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-98713-1; 978-1-4051-3005-9
PY 2005
BP 126
EP 144
DI 10.1002/9780470987131.ch9
D2 10.1002/9780470987131
PG 19
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA BZS84
UT WOS:000302866100010
ER
PT J
AU Krawczynski, K
Aggarwal, R
Kamili, S
AF Krawczynski, Kris
Aggarwal, Rakesh
Kamili, Saleem
BE Thomas, H
Lemon, S
Zuckerman, A
TI Epidemiology, clinical and pathologic features, diagnosis, and
experimental models
SO VIRAL HEPATITIS, 3RD EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID HEPATITIS-E VIRUS; NON-B-HEPATITIS; TRANSMITTED NON-A;
LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ACUTE SPORADIC
HEPATITIS; ACUTE VIRAL-HEPATITIS; CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES;
CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES
C1 [Krawczynski, Kris] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Expt Pathol Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Kamili, Saleem] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Aggarwal, Rakesh] Sanjay Gandhi Postgrad Inst Med Sci, Dept Gastroenterol, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
RP Krawczynski, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Expt Pathol Lab, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
OI Aggarwal, Rakesh/0000-0001-9689-494X
NR 125
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-98713-1
PY 2005
BP 624
EP 634
DI 10.1002/9780470987131.ch41
D2 10.1002/9780470987131
PG 11
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA BZS84
UT WOS:000302866100042
ER
PT J
AU Chao, DY
King, CC
Wang, WK
Chen, WJ
Wu, HL
Chang, GJJ
AF Chao, Day-Yu
King, Chwan-Chuen
Wang, Wei-Kung
Chen, Wei-June
Wu, Hui-Lin
Chang, Gwong-Jen J.
TI Strategically examining the full-genome of dengue virus type 3 in
clinical isolates reveals its mutation spectra
SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: Previous studies presented the quasispecies spectrum of the envelope region of dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) from either clinical specimens or field-caught mosquitoes. However, the extent of sequence variation among full genomic sequences of DENV within infected individuals remains largely unknown.
Results: Instead of arbitrarily choosing one genomic region in this study, the full genomic consensus sequences of six DENV-3 isolates were used to locate four genomic regions that had a higher potential of sequence heterogeneity at capsid-premembrane (C-prM), envelope (E), nonstructural protein 3 (NS3), and NS5. The extentof sequence heterogeneity revealed by clonal sequencing was genomic region-dependent, whereas the NS3 and NS5 had lower sequence heterogeneity than C-prM and E. Interestingly, the Phylogenetic Analysis by Maximum Likelihood program (PAML) analysis supported that the domain III of E region, the most heterogeneous region analyzed, was under the influence of positive selection.
Conclusion: This study confirmed previous reports that the most heterogeneous region of the dengue viral genome resided at the envelope region, of which the domain III was under positive selection pressure. Further studies will need to address the influence of these mutations on the overall fitness in different hosts (i. e., mosquito and human) during dengue viral transmission.
C1 [Chao, Day-Yu; King, Chwan-Chuen] NTU, Coll Publ Hlth, Inst Epidemiol, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
[Wang, Wei-Kung] NTU, Coll Med, Inst Microbiol, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
[Chen, Wei-June] Chang Gung Coll Med & Technol, Dept Parasitol, Tao Yuan 100, Taiwan.
[Wu, Hui-Lin] NTU Hosp, Hepatitis Res Ctr, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
[Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Chao, DY (reprint author), NTU, Coll Publ Hlth, Inst Epidemiol, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
EM bmp3@cdc.gov; a1234567@ccms.ntu.edu.tw; wwang60@yahoo.com;
wjchen@mail.cgu.edu.tw; hlwu@ntu.edu.tw; gxc7@cdc.gov
OI King, Chwan-Chuen/0000-0002-6078-2601
FU National Health Research Institute (NHRI), Taipei, Taiwan (NHRI)
[DD01-861X-CR-501P, CN-CL8903P]; International Society of Infectious
Disease (ISID)
FX This study was supported by the grants from the National Health Research
Institute (NHRI), Taipei, Taiwan (NHRI# DD01-861X-CR-501P and NHRI#
CN-CL8903P) and the training grant to D.-Y. Chao from International
Society of Infectious Disease (ISID).
NR 36
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U1 1
U2 3
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1743-422X
J9 VIROL J
JI Virol. J.
PY 2005
VL 2
AR 72
DI 10.1186/1743-422X-2-72
PG 10
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA V26AR
UT WOS:000208519000072
PM 16120221
ER
PT J
AU Korukluoglu, G
Liffick, S
Guris, D
Kobune, F
Rota, PA
Bellini, WJ
Ceylan, A
Ertem, M
AF Korukluoglu, Gulay
Liffick, Stephanie
Guris, Dalya
Kobune, Fumio
Rota, Paul A.
Bellini, William J.
Ceylan, Ali
Ertem, Meliksah
TI Genetic characterization of measles viruses isolated in Turkey during
2000 and 2001
SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: Molecular epidemiologic studies have made significant contributions to measles surveillance activities by helping to identify source and transmission pathways of the virus. This report describes the genetic characterization of wild-type measles viruses isolated in Turkey in 2000 and 2001.
Results: Wild-type measles viruses were isolated from 24 cases from five provinces in Turkey during 2001. The viruses were analyzed using the standard genotyping protocols. All isolates were classified as genotype D6, the same genotype that was identified in Turkey in previous outbreaks during 1998.
Conclusion: Turkey has begun implementation of a national program to eliminate measles by 2010. Therefore, this baseline genotype data will provide a means to monitor the success of the elimination program.
C1 [Liffick, Stephanie; Rota, Paul A.; Bellini, William J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Korukluoglu, Gulay; Kobune, Fumio] Refik Saydam Natl Hyg Ctr, Natl Measles Rubella Lab, Ankara, Turkey.
[Guris, Dalya] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Kobune, Fumio] Biomed Sci Assoc, Tokyo, Japan.
[Ceylan, Ali; Ertem, Meliksah] Dicle Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
RP Rota, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM gucank@hotmail.com; sliffick@cdc.gov; dguris@cdc.gov;
fukobune@ims.u_tokyo.ac.jap; prota@cdc.gov; wjb2@cdc.gov;
alic@dicle.edu.tr; alic@dicle.edu.tr
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 4
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1743-422X
J9 VIROL J
JI Virol. J.
PY 2005
VL 2
AR 58
DI 10.1186/1743-422X-2-58
PG 5
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA V26AR
UT WOS:000208519000058
PM 16029506
ER
PT J
AU Riddell, MA
Rota, JS
Rota, PA
AF Riddell, Michaela A.
Rota, Jennifer S.
Rota, Paul A.
TI Review of the temporal and geographical distribution of measles virus
genotypes in the prevaccine and postvaccine eras
SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
AB Molecular epidemiological investigation of measles outbreaks can document the interruption of endemic measles transmission and is useful for establishing and clarifying epidemiological links between cases in geographically distinct clusters. To determine the distribution of measles virus genotypes in the prevaccine and postvaccine eras, a literature search of biomedical databases, measles surveillance websites and other electronic sources was conducted for English language reports of measles outbreaks or genetic characterization of measles virus isolates. Genotype assignments based on classification systems other than the currently accepted WHO nomenclature were reassigned using the current criteria. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the distribution of MV genotypes in the prevaccine and postvaccine eras and describes the geographically diverse distribution of some measles virus genotypes and the localized distributions of other genotypes.
C1 [Riddell, Michaela A.] Univ Melbourne, Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, WHO Western Pacific Measles Reg Reference Lab, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Riddell, Michaela A.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Populat Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Rota, Jennifer S.; Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Riddell, Michaela A.] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
RP Riddell, MA (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, WHO Western Pacific Measles Reg Reference Lab, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM michaela.riddell@mh.org.au; jjs4@CDC.GOV; par1@cdc.gov
OI Riddell, Michaela/0000-0001-8852-0569
FU National Health and Medical Research Council Public Health PhD Research
Scholarship
FX Thanks to Doris Chibo, Graham Tipples, David Brown, Li Jin for helpful
suggestions and clarification of genotypes included in the table. Thanks
to Doris Chibo and Heath Kelly for critical review of the earlier drafts
of the manuscript. MAR received funding through a National Health and
Medical Research Council Public Health PhD Research Scholarship. The
authors welcome amendments, additions and updates to the comprehensive
table submitted as Additional file 1. Regularly updated versions of the
additional file will be available from the measles Global Specialized
Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
Georgia, USA http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/revb/measles/index.htm
NR 62
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U1 0
U2 3
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1743-422X
J9 VIROL J
JI Virol. J.
PY 2005
VL 2
AR 87
DI 10.1186/1743-422X-2-87
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA V26AR
UT WOS:000208519000087
PM 16303052
ER
PT J
AU Vincent, MJ
Bergeron, E
Benjannet, S
Erickson, BR
Rollin, PE
Ksiazek, TG
Seidah, NG
Nichol, ST
AF Vincent, Martin J.
Bergeron, Eric
Benjannet, Suzanne
Erickson, Bobbie R.
Rollin, Pierre E.
Ksiazek, Thomas G.
Seidah, Nabil G.
Nichol, Stuart T.
TI Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and
spread
SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (SARS-CoV). No effective prophylactic or post-exposure therapy is currently available.
Results: We report, however, that chloroquine has strong antiviral effects on SARS-CoV infection of primate cells. These inhibitory effects are observed when the cells are treated with the drug either before or after exposure to the virus, suggesting both prophylactic and therapeutic advantage. In addition to the well-known functions of chloroquine such as elevations of endosomal pH, the drug appears to interfere with terminal glycosylation of the cellular receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. This may negatively influence the virus-receptor binding and abrogate the infection, with further ramifications by the elevation of vesicular pH, resulting in the inhibition of infection and spread of SARS CoV at clinically admissible concentrations.
Conclusion: Chloroquine is effective in preventing the spread of SARS CoV in cell culture. Favorable inhibition of virus spread was observed when the cells were either treated with chloroquine prior to or after SARS CoV infection. In addition, the indirect immunofluorescence assay described herein represents a simple and rapid method for screening SARS-CoV antiviral compounds.
C1 [Vincent, Martin J.; Erickson, Bobbie R.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Ksiazek, Thomas G.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Brach, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Bergeron, Eric; Benjannet, Suzanne; Seidah, Nabil G.] Clin Res Inst Montreal, Biochem Neuroendocrinol Lab, Montreal, PQ H2W 1R7, Canada.
RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Brach, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM mvincent@cdc.gov; bergere@ircm.qc.ca; benjans@ircm.qc.ca;
BErickson1@cdc.gov; PRollin@cdc.gov; TKsiazek@cdc.gov;
seidahn@ircm.qc.ca; SNichol@cdc.gov
RI Seidah, Nabil/I-3596-2013
OI Seidah, Nabil/0000-0001-6503-9342
FU Canadian PENCE [T3]; CIHR [MGC 64518, MGP- 44363]
FX We thank Claudia Chesley and Jonathan Towner for critical reading of the
manuscript. This work was supported by a Canadian PENCE grant (T3), CIHR
group grant #MGC 64518, and CIHR grant #MGP- 44363 (to NGS).
NR 26
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U1 0
U2 0
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1743-422X
J9 VIROL J
JI Virol. J.
PY 2005
VL 2
AR 69
DI 10.1186/1743-422X-2-69
PG 10
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA V26AR
UT WOS:000208519000069
PM 16115318
ER
PT J
AU Kajon, AE
Xu, W
Erdman, DD
AF Kajon, AE
Xu, W
Erdman, DD
TI Sequence polymorphism in the E3 7.7K ORF of subspecies B1 human
adenoviruses
SO VIRUS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE adenovirus; E3 7.7K ORF; illegitimate recombination
ID GENOME TYPE 7H; INTERMEDIATE STRAIN; INTERTYPIC RECOMBINANTS; MOLECULAR
EPIDEMIOLOGY; E3-10.4K/14.5K COMPLEX; RESPIRATORY ILLNESS;
ARACHIDONIC-ACID; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; CROSSOVER SITES; EARLY REGION-3
AB Sequences corresponding to the 7.7K open-reading frame (ORF) of the E3 region of subspecies B1 adenoviruses (Ad) were compared with prototype strains of Ad3. Ad7 Ad16. Ad21. and Ad50 and field isolates representing a variety of genome restriction types of Ad3 and Ad7 to better assess the extent of genetic variation in this intriguing region of the viral genome encoding a product whose function is still unknown. Alignment of 55 species B1 Ad sequences revealed a marked polymorphism in the 7.7K ORF and allowed the identification of eight distinct sequence profiles (SPs) characterized by (1) deletions that retain or change the reading frame, (2)single-base mutations (SBMs) that change the start codon (ATG to ATT or ATC), and (3) other SBMs. mRNAs of expected size for the observed sequence polymorphisms were identified by RT-PCR from DNAse I-treated total RNA extracts of infected cells. Predicted proteins ranged front 0 to 94 amino acids corresponding to molecular masses of 0-11 K.
Together with the hypervariable regions of the hexon gene. the E3 7.7K ORF appears to be another area of the Ad genome in which genetic diversity may be generated by illegitimate recombination. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Erdman, DD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM dde1@cdc.gov
NR 57
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1702
J9 VIRUS RES
JI Virus Res.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 1
BP 11
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2004.06.005
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 885QW
UT WOS:000226173000002
PM 15567028
ER
PT J
AU Lwamba, HCM
Alvarez, R
Wise, MG
Yu, QZ
Halvorson, D
Njenga, MK
Seal, BS
AF Lwamba, HCM
Alvarez, R
Wise, MG
Yu, QZ
Halvorson, D
Njenga, MK
Seal, BS
TI Comparison of the full-length genome sequence of Avian metapneumovirus
subtype C with other paramyxoviruses
SO VIRUS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Paramyxovirus; Metapneumovirus; subtype; intergenic region
ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; TURKEY RHINOTRACHEITIS VIRUS;
AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE
VIRUS; GENE ORDER DIFFERENT; STRAND RNA VIRUSES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY;
GREATER IDENTITY; YOUNG-CHILDREN
AB We determined the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the small hydrophobic (SH). attachment glycoprotein (G). and RNA polymerase (L) genes, plus the leader and trailer regions of the Colorado strain of Avian metapneumovirus subtype C (aMPV/C) in order to complete the genome sequencing. The complete genome comprised of 13,134 nucleotides, with a 40 nt leader at its 3' end and a 45 nt trailer at its 5' end. The aMPV/C L gene was the largest with 6173 nt and consisting of a single open reading frame encoding a 2005 amino acids (aa) protein. Comparison of the aMPV/C SH. G. and L nt and predicted aa sequences with those of Human metapneumoviruses (hMPV) revealed higher nt and aa sequence identities than the sequence identities between the aMPV subtypes A, B, C, and D, supporting earlier finding that aMPV/C was closer evolutionary to hMPV than the other aMPV subtypes. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Njenga, MK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, 1971 Commonwealth Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM Njeng001@umn.edu
NR 59
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1702
J9 VIRUS RES
JI Virus Res.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 1
BP 83
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2004.07.002
PG 10
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 885QW
UT WOS:000226173000011
PM 15567037
ER
PT J
AU Yilla, M
Harcourt, BH
Hickman, CJ
McGrew, M
Tamin, A
Goldsmith, CS
Bellini, WJ
Anderson, LJ
AF Yilla, M
Harcourt, BH
Hickman, CJ
McGrew, M
Tamin, A
Goldsmith, CS
Bellini, WJ
Anderson, LJ
TI SARS-coronavirus replication in human peripheral monocytes/macrophages
SO VIRUS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE SARS-CoV; monocytes/macrophages; interferon
ID ACUTE-RESPIRATORY-SYNDROME; INTERFERON-ALPHA; SURFACE EXPRESSION;
PROTEINS; VIRUS; CELLS; INFECTION; METAPNEUMOVIRUS; RECEPTOR
AB A novel coronavirus (CoV) has been described in association with cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The virus, SARS-CoV, differs from the previously described human coronaviruses, 229E and OC43. 229E was previously shown to productively infect human monocytes/macrophaaes, whereas OC43 poorly infected the cells. In this study, we examined whether SARS-CoV could productively infect purified monocytes/macrophages (PM) derived from human donor cells. Unlike 229E-infected cells, which produced viral titers of 10(3.3) to 10(6) TCID50/ml, SARS-CoV replicated poorly in PM, producing titers of 10(1.75) to 10(2) TCID50/ml. This finding was similar to results reported for OC43-infected cells, with titers ranging from 10(1.2) to 10(2.7) TCID50/ml. Of interest, SARS-CoV proteins were detected only in PM that did not produce significant amounts of interferon (IFN)-alpha, and in one such case, preliminary electron microscope studies demonstrated that SARS-CoV-like particles could enter the cells, possibly via phagocytosis. These results suggest that SARS-CoV, like human CoV OC43, poorly infects human PM, and production of IFN-alpha by these cells further limits the infection. Given the importance of monocyte/macrophages to the immune response. it is possible that their infection by SARS-CoV and alteration of this infection by IFN-alpha may be important to the course of the infection in humans. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Yilla, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Enter Viruses Branch, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-C22, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM mby7@cdc.gov
NR 34
TC 28
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1702
J9 VIRUS RES
JI Virus Res.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 1
BP 93
EP 101
DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2004.09.004
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 885QW
UT WOS:000226173000012
PM 15567038
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez, R
Jones, LP
Seal, BS
Kapczynski, DR
Tripp, RA
AF Alvarez, R
Jones, LP
Seal, BS
Kapczynski, DR
Tripp, RA
TI Serological cross-reactivity of members of the Metapneumovirus genus
(vol 105, pg 67, 2004)
SO VIRUS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp & Enter Viruses, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Tripp, RA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Med Microbiol, Room 356, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM rtripp@vet.uga.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1702
J9 VIRUS RES
JI Virus Res.
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 107
IS 1
BP 109
EP 109
DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2004.09.003
PG 1
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 885QW
UT WOS:000226173000014
ER
PT S
AU Calam, D
Wood, DJ
Bristow, A
Das, REG
Padilla, A
Unger, G
Shin, J
Heath, A
Van Aken, WG
Aralkawa, Y
Barrowcliffe, T
Bektimirov, T
Leal, EC
Ciesiolka, T
Decker, R
Egan, W
Gairola, S
Grossberg, SE
Hancox, T
Jivapaisampong, T
Lelie, N
Lower, J
Madej, RM
Marcovina, S
Miede, P
Min, H
Phillips, P
Schild, G
Solkhey, J
Spieser, JM
Wielgosz, R
Zhou, T
Zoon, K
AF Calam, D.
Wood, D. J.
Bristow, A.
Das, R. E. Gaines
Padilla, A.
Unger, G.
Shin, J.
Heath, A.
Van Aken, W. G.
Aralkawa, Y.
Barrowcliffe, T.
Bektimirov, T.
Leal, E. Chaves
Ciesiolka, T.
Decker, R.
Egan, W.
Gairola, S.
Grossberg, S. E.
Hancox, T.
Jivapaisampong, T.
Lelie, N.
Lower, J.
Madej, R. M.
Marcovina, S.
Miede, P.
Min, H.
Phillips, P.
Schild, G.
Solkhey, J.
Spieser, J-M.
Wielgosz, R.
Zhou, Tiequn
Zoon, K.
CA WHO
GP WHO
TI WHO Expert Committe on Biological Standardization - Fifty-fifth report -
Introduction
SO WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION
SE WHO Technical Report Series
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCELERATED DEGRADATION TESTS; LIVE FLAVIVIRUS VACCINES; STABILITY;
DESIGN
C1 MP Chumakov Inst Poliomyelitis & Viral Encephalit, Moscow, Russia.
Mahidol Univ, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
OraVax Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Pasteur Merieux Connaught, Lyon, France.
Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77550 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA.
Franklin Quest Co, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA.
WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
RP Calam, D (reprint author), MP Chumakov Inst Poliomyelitis & Viral Encephalit, Moscow, Russia.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
PI GENEVA
PA DISTRIBUTION & SALES SERVICE, 1211 27 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND
SN 0512-3054
BN 978-92-4-120932-8
J9 WHO TECH REP SER
JI WHO Tech. Rep. Ser.
PY 2005
VL 932
BP 1
EP 137
PG 137
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA BFR39
UT WOS:000243994400001
ER
PT J
AU Sharpe, PA
Brandt, HM
McCree, DH
AF Sharpe, PA
Brandt, HM
McCree, DH
TI Knowledge and beliefs about abnormal Pap test results and HPV among
women with high-risk HPV: Results from in-depth interviews
SO WOMEN & HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE human papillomavirus; Pap test; sexually transmitted infection; rural
women; knowledge
ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES;
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CERVICAL-CANCER; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS;
PATIENT EDUCATION; PARTICLE VACCINE; PREVENTION; EFFICACY; TYPE-16
AB The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore women's knowledge and Understanding of abnormal Pap tests and HPV. Forty-four in-depth interviews were conducted with low-income, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) positive women (ages 18-64 years). Major themes regarding abnormal Pap test results were: (a) getting cancer ; (b) need for repeat Pap testing; (c) need for additional tests/treatment; (d) low concern; (e) variety of causes; (f) sexual transmission; and (g) connection to HPV/other sexually transmitted disease (STD). Major themes related to HPV were: (a) getting follow-up care and (b) association of HPV with cancer. Findings indicate a need for clear, consistent educational messages.
C1 Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch, Publ Hlth Prevent Res Ctr, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & Tb Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Behav Intervent & Res Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Sharpe, PA (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch, Publ Hlth Prevent Res Ctr, 730 Devine St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM pasharpe@sc.edu; hmbrand@gwm.sc.edu; zyr1@cdc.gov
FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [1-U48-DP-000051]; PHS HHS [U36/CCU300430-22,
U48/CCU-409664]
NR 55
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0363-0242
EI 1541-0331
J9 WOMEN HEALTH
JI Women Health
PY 2005
VL 42
IS 2
BP 107
EP 133
DI 10.1300/J013v42n02_07
PG 27
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies
GA 038XG
UT WOS:000237262200007
PM 16537303
ER
PT J
AU Grinstead, OA
Faigeles, B
Comfort, M
Seal, D
Nealey-Moore, J
Belcher, L
Morrow, K
AF Grinstead, OA
Faigeles, B
Comfort, M
Seal, D
Nealey-Moore, J
Belcher, L
Morrow, K
TI HIV, STD, and hepatitis risk to primary female partners of men being
released from prison
SO WOMEN & HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE prison; parolees; HIV/AIDS; STD risk behavior; female partners; reentry
ID INMATES; TRANSMISSION; BEHAVIOR; FAMILIES
AB Incarcerated men in the US are at increased risk for HIV, STDs and hepatitis, and many men leaving prison have unprotected sex with a primary female partner immediately following release from prison. This paper addressees risk to the primary female partners of men being released from prison (N = 106) by examining the prevalence of men's concurrent unprotected sex with other partners or needle sharing prior to and following release from prison (concurrent risk). Rates of concurrent risk were 46% prior to incarceration, 18% one month postrelease, and 24% three months postrelease. Multivariate analysis showed concurrent risk was significantly associated with having a female partner who had one or more HIV/STD risk factors and having a history of injection drug use. Findings demonstrate need for prevention programs for incarcerated men and their female partners.
C1 UCSF, CAPS, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
CDC, NCHSTP, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Grinstead, OA (reprint author), UCSF, CAPS, 74 New Montgomery St,6th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
EM ogrinstead@psg.ucsf.edu
OI McGregor, Howard/0000-0001-7532-8324
NR 47
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 2
PU HAWORTH PRESS INC
PI BINGHAMTON
PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA
SN 0363-0242
J9 WOMEN HEALTH
JI Women Health
PY 2005
VL 41
IS 2
BP 63
EP 80
DI 10.1300/J013v41N02_05
PG 18
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies
GA 979IM
UT WOS:000232935600005
PM 16219588
ER
PT J
AU Scott, PT
Petersen, K
Fishbain, MJ
Craft, DW
Ewell, AJ
Moran, K
Hack, DC
Deye, GA
Riddell, S
Christopher, G
Mancuso, JD
Petruccelli, BP
Endy, T
Lindler, L
Davis, K
Milstrey, EG
Brosch, L
Pool, J
Blankenship, CL
Malone, JL
Tornberg, DN
Srinivasan, A
AF Scott, PT
Petersen, K
Fishbain, MJ
Craft, DW
Ewell, AJ
Moran, K
Hack, DC
Deye, GA
Riddell, S
Christopher, G
Mancuso, JD
Petruccelli, BP
Endy, T
Lindler, L
Davis, K
Milstrey, EG
Brosch, L
Pool, J
Blankenship, CL
Malone, JL
Tornberg, DN
Srinivasan, A
CA CDC
TI Acinetobacter baumannii infections among patients at military medical
facilities treating injured U.S. service members, 2002-2004 (Reprinted
from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1063-1066, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
ID NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; WOUNDS
C1 USA, Med Surveillance Activ, Washington, DC 20314 USA.
Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA.
Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany.
USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA.
Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA.
USA, Med Brigade 30, Washington, DC USA.
Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
USA, Off Surg Gen, Washington, DC USA.
USN, Off Surg Gen, Washington, DC USA.
US Dept Def, Off Hlth Affairs, Washington, DC USA.
CDC, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Scott, PT (reprint author), USA, Med Surveillance Activ, Washington, DC 20314 USA.
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 22
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 24
BP 2964
EP 2966
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 881CV
UT WOS:000225841900007
ER
PT J
AU Bombard, J
Malarcher, A
MacNeil, A
AF Bombard, J
Malarcher, A
MacNeil, A
CA CDC
TI State-specific prevalence of current cigarette smoking among adults -
United States, 2003 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1035-137, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Bombard, J (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 22
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 24
BP 2966
EP 2967
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 881CV
UT WOS:000225841900008
ER
PT J
AU Shepard, C
Finelli, L
Bell, B
Miller, J
AF Shepard, C
Finelli, L
Bell, B
Miller, J
CA CDC
TI Acute hepatitis B among children and adolescents - United States,
1990-2002 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1015-1018, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 CDC, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Shepard, C (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 22
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 24
BP 2967
EP 2968
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 881CV
UT WOS:000225841900009
ER
PT J
AU Maragakis, LL
Cosgrove, SE
Song, XY
Kim, D
Rosenbaum, P
Ciesla, N
Srinivasan, A
Ross, T
Carroll, K
Perl, TM
AF Maragakis, LL
Cosgrove, SE
Song, XY
Kim, D
Rosenbaum, P
Ciesla, N
Srinivasan, A
Ross, T
Carroll, K
Perl, TM
TI An outbreak of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii associated
with pulsatile lavage wound treatment
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; RISK-FACTORS; PATTERNS; FEATURES; BROOKLYN;
UNIT
AB Context Pulsatile lavage is a high-pressure irrigation treatment used increasingly in a variety of health care settings to debride wounds. Infection control precautions are not routinely used during the procedure and are not included in pulsatile lavage equipment package labeling.
Objectives To investigate an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and to test the hypothesis that pulsatile lavage wound treatment was the mode of transmission for the organism.
Design Outbreak case-control investigation including case identification, review of medical records, environmental cultures, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
Setting A 1000-bed tertiary care hospital in Baltimore, Md, during September and October 2003.
Patients The investigation included 11 patients infected or colonized with multidrug-resistant A baumannii. Seven of these patients met the case definition for the case-control study and were compared with 28 controls randomly selected from a list of inpatients without multidrug-resistant A baumannii who had a wound care consultation.
Main Outcome Measure Infection or colonization with multidrug-resistant A baumannii.
Results Eleven patients had cultures that grew multidrug-resistant A baumannii during the outbreak period. Of the 10 health care-associated cases, 8 had received pulsatile lavage treatment. One strain of multidrug-resistant A baumannii was recovered from all 6 pulsatile lavage patients who had isolates available for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis and from multiple surfaces in the wound care area. Six of 7 cases (86%) were treated with pulsatile lavage vs 4 of 28 controls (14%) (odds ratio, 36; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-1721; P<.001). These results confirm that pulsatile lavage was a significant risk factor for acquisition of multidrug-resistant A baumannii.
Conclusions Transmission was apparently caused by dissemination of multidrug-resistant A baumannii during the pulsatile lavage procedure, resulting in environmental contamination. Appropriate infection control precautions should be used during pulsatile lavage therapy and should be included in pulsatile lavage equipment labeling.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Hosp Epidemiol & Infect Control, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Maragakis, LL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Hosp Epidemiol & Infect Control, 600 N Wolfe St,Osler 425, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA.
EM lmaraga1@jhmi.edu
FU NCPDCID CDC HHS [1 K01 CI000300-01]; NIAID NIH HHS [5-T32/AI07291];
ODCDC CDC HHS [UR8/CCU315092]
NR 19
TC 67
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 22
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 24
BP 3006
EP 3011
DI 10.1001/jama.292.24.3006
PG 6
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 881CV
UT WOS:000225841900035
PM 15613669
ER
PT J
AU Breiman, RF
Streatfield, PK
Phelan, M
Shifa, N
Rashid, M
Yunus, M
AF Breiman, RF
Streatfield, PK
Phelan, M
Shifa, N
Rashid, M
Yunus, M
TI Effect of infant immunisation on childhood mortality in rural
Bangladesh: analysis of health and demographic surveillance data
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Article
ID MEASLES VACCINATION
AB Background In developing countries, immunisation programmes must compete with other strategies to improve public health and quality of life. Studies of long-term effects of immunisation programmes are rare. We assessed associations between vaccinations and mortality over 15 years after the introduction of routine infant immunisation programmes in Matlab, Bangladesh.
Methods We analysed data recorded in a comprehensive health and demographic surveillance system from 1986 to 2001. We did univariate analyses and assessed vaccinations as independent factors with other variables in Cox models with time dependent covariates.
Findings Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) and oral polio vaccination were independently associated with decreased risk of death before age 9 months, as were amount of maternal education, maternal age, and birth order of the child. DTP vaccination was associated with increased survival (hazard ratio=0.76, 95% CI 0.67-0.88; p=0.001) in a model evaluating mortality between 6 weeks and 9 months of age. Measles vaccination was also associated with increased survival when data after late immunisation with DTP and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) were excluded. BCG vaccination was associated with reduced survival; however, children vaccinated with BCG during the first 6 months of life had significantly lower risk of death than those vaccinated later (hazard ratio=0.59; 95% CI 0.47-0.73; p=0.0001).
Interpretation By contrast with previous findings, we noted substantially reduced mortality among children who received DTP vaccine. This effect could be due to actual protection against pertussis disease and secondary illnesses or to a non-specific benefit, although we cannot rule out epidemiological artifact. Our findings show the value of population-based health surveillance systems.
C1 Ctr Hlth & Populat Res, Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Breiman, RF (reprint author), CDC Kenya, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya.
EM rbreiman@cdc.gov
NR 21
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 1
U2 8
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD DEC 18
PY 2004
VL 364
IS 9452
BP 2204
EP 2211
DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17593-4
PG 8
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 880OS
UT WOS:000225799700029
PM 15610807
ER
PT J
AU Rupprecht, CE
Gibbons, RV
AF Rupprecht, CE
Gibbons, RV
TI Prophylaxis against rabies
SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID PUBLIC VETERINARY-MEDICINE; GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; DIPLOID
CELL-CULTURE; UNITED-STATES; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; ANTIRABIES
VACCINE; HUMAN EXPOSURE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEALTH; HUMANS
AB A six-month- old girl presents for a "well-baby" appointment in New Jersey. The mother is concerned about a dead bat she found in the child's bedroom.
A Virginia businessman relaxing on his patio after work pulls a toy from his puppy's mouth. He notices a dead raccoon within his fenced yard, where his puppy has been playing, and telephones you for advice.
You receive e-mail from a South American colleague, who has been bitten by a stray dog while jogging. She solicits your medical opinion.
How would you manage these situations?
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
RP Rupprecht, CE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM cyr5@cdc.gov
NR 57
TC 73
Z9 78
U1 0
U2 5
PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC
PI WALTHAM
PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA
SN 0028-4793
J9 NEW ENGL J MED
JI N. Engl. J. Med.
PD DEC 16
PY 2004
VL 351
IS 25
BP 2626
EP 2635
DI 10.1056/NEJMcp042140
PG 10
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 879OC
UT WOS:000225726100010
PM 15602023
ER
PT J
AU Russell, M
Pool, V
Kelso, JA
Tomazic-Jezic, VJ
AF Russell, M
Pool, V
Kelso, JA
Tomazic-Jezic, VJ
TI Vaccination of persons allergic to latex: a review of safety data in the
Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article
DE natural dry rubber latex; allergy or hypersensitivity; vaccination
ID VIAL CLOSURES; ANAPHYLAXIS; SYRINGES; RISK
AB Vaccine products currently licensed in the US and other countries are marketed in vials and syringes that may contain natural latex allergens. Little scientific information exists regarding the safety of vaccination of latex-allergic individuals. A review of data within the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), a large registry of reported possible vaccine adverse reactions was conducted. A search of the database, which contains >160,000 vaccine adverse event reports. revealed only 28 cases of possible immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions in vaccine recipients with a history of allergy to latex. Given the large number Of immunizations administered every year in the US. the reported risk of allergic reactions possibly due to latex contamination of vaccines appears to be very small. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 CDC, NIP, Immunizat Safety Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
US FDA, CDRH, DLS, Off Sci & Technol, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
RP Russell, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Mail Stop E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM yzr8@cdc.gov
NR 21
TC 16
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD DEC 16
PY 2004
VL 23
IS 5
BP 664
EP 667
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.06.042
PG 4
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 882KB
UT WOS:000225936700013
PM 15542187
ER
PT J
AU England, LJ
Levine, RJ
Qian, C
Soule, LM
Schisterman, EF
Yu, KF
Catalano, PM
AF England, LJ
Levine, RJ
Qian, C
Soule, LM
Schisterman, EF
Yu, KF
Catalano, PM
TI Glucose tolerance and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in
nulliparous women who smoke during pregnancy
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE diabetes; gestational; glucose tolerance test; pregnancy; smoking
ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; MEN; PREECLAMPSIA; SENSITIVITY;
COHORT; TRIAL; DETERMINANTS; HEMOGLOBIN; METABOLISM
AB Gestational diabetes mellitus has been associated with adverse maternal and infant outcomes, including preeclampsia and fetal macrosomia. Although cigarette smoking has been associated with increased insulin resistance, its effect on gestational diabetes mellitus risk is uncertain. The authors evaluated the effects of smoking on glucose tolerance in a cohort of pregnant women who participated in the Calcium for Preeclampsia Prevention trial, a randomized study of nulliparous women conducted in five US medical centers from 1992 to 1995. Results of screening and diagnostic testing for gestational diabetes mellitus were analyzed. For 3,774 of the 4,589 women enrolled, plasma glucose concentration 1 hour after a 50-g oral glucose challenge and complete information on pregnancy outcome were available; for 3,602 of the women, gestational diabetes mellitus status was known. Adjusted mean 1-hour plasma glucose concentration (mg/dl) was elevated in women who smoked at study enrollment (112.6, 95% confidence interval: 110.0, 115.3) compared with women who had never smoked (108.3, 95% confidence interval: 106.7, 109.8; p < 0.01). Women who smoked were at increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus when criteria proposed by the National Diabetes Data Group were used (adjusted odds ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.0, 3.6). These findings support an association between smoking and gestational diabetes mellitus.
C1 NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, US Dept HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Allied Technol Grp, Rockville, MD USA.
Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Baltimore, MD USA.
Case Western Reserve Univ, Metrohlth Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP England, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal Infant Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth,US Dept HHS, 4770 Buford Highway NE, MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM lbe9@cdc.gov
OI Schisterman, Enrique/0000-0003-3757-641X
FU NICHD NIH HHS [N01-HD-13123, N01-HD-13121, N01-HD-13122, N01-HD-13124,
N01-HD-13125, N01-HD-13126, N01-HD-23154, N01-HD-53246]
NR 46
TC 25
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 160
IS 12
BP 1205
EP 1213
DI 10.1093/aje/kwh340
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 878RF
UT WOS:000225663600010
PM 15583373
ER
PT J
AU Jasmer, RM
Bozeman, L
Schwartzman, K
Cave, MD
Saukkonen, JJ
Metchock, B
Khan, A
Burman, WJ
AF Jasmer, RM
Bozeman, L
Schwartzman, K
Cave, MD
Saukkonen, JJ
Metchock, B
Khan, A
Burman, WJ
CA Tuberculosis Trial Consortium
TI Recurrent tuberculosis in the United States and Canada - Relapse or
reinfection?
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA fingerprinting; pulmonary tuberculosis; reinfection; relapse
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; PULMONARY
TUBERCULOSIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; EXOGENOUS REINFECTION;
CROSS-CONTAMINATION; RIFAPENTINE; POPULATION; CULTURES; COHORT
AB Recurrence of active tuberculosis after treatment can be due to relapse of infection with the same strain or reinfection with a new strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The proportion of recurrent tuberculosis cases caused by reinfection has varied widely in previous studies. We evaluated cases of recurrent tuberculosis in two prospective clinical trials: a randomized study of two regimens for the last 4 months of treatment (n = 1,075) and a study of a twice-weekly rifabutin-containing regimen for human immunodeficiency virus-infected tuberculosis (n = 169). Isolates at diagnosis and from positive cultures after treatment completion underwent genotyping using IS6110 (with secondary genotyping for isolates with less than six copies of IS6110). Of 85 patients having a positive culture after completing treatment, 6 (7.1%) were classified as false-positive cultures by a review committee blinded to treatment assignment. Of the remaining 75 cases with recurrent tuberculosis and genotyping data available, 72 (96%; 95% confidence interval, 88.8-99.2%) paired isolates had the same genotype; only 3 (4%; 95% confidence interval, 0.8-11.2%) had a different genotype and were categorized as reinfection. We conclude that recurrent tuberculosis in the United States and Canada, countries with low rates of tuberculosis, is rarely due to reinfection with a new strain of M. tuberculosis.
C1 San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Little Rock, AR USA.
Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Montreal Chest Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
Denver Publ Hlth Dept, Denver, CO USA.
RP Jasmer, RM (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Room 5K-1,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA.
EM rjasmer@itsa.ucsf.edu
NR 34
TC 61
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER THORACIC SOC
PI NEW YORK
PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA
SN 1073-449X
J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE
JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 170
IS 12
BP 1360
EP 1366
DI 10.1164/rccm.200408-10810C
PG 7
WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System
SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System
GA 880HY
UT WOS:000225780800016
PM 15477492
ER
PT J
AU Malone, JL
Ijaz, K
Lambert, L
Rosencrans, L
Phillips, L
Tomlinson, V
Arbise, M
Moolenaar, RL
Dworkin, MS
Simoes, EJ
AF Malone, JL
Ijaz, K
Lambert, L
Rosencrans, L
Phillips, L
Tomlinson, V
Arbise, M
Moolenaar, RL
Dworkin, MS
Simoes, EJ
TI Investigation of healthcare-associated transmission of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis among patients with malignancies at three hospitals and at
a residential facility
SO CANCER
LA English
DT Article
DE cross-infection; tuberculosis transmission; restriction fragment length
polymorphism; leukemia complications; residential facilities; infection
control
ID SURVEILLANCE NETWORK; DISEASE; ALEMTUZUMAB; DIAGNOSIS
AB BACKGROUND. Immunocompromised patients have an increased risk of experiencing progression of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) to active tuberculosis (TB) disease. In January 2002, 2 patients with leukemia (Patients 1 and 2) developed pulmonary TB after recent exposure at 3 hospitals (Hospital A, Hospital B, and Hospital C) and at a residential facility for patients with cancer. Neither was known to have LTBI. Within 1 year, 3 other patients with malignancy and TB disease had been identified at these facilities, prompting an investigation of healthcare facility-associated transmission of M. tuberculosis.
METHODS. The authors performed genotypic analysis of the five available M. tuberculosis isolates from patients with malignancies at these facilities, reviewed medical records, interviewed individuals who had identical M. tuberculosis genotypic patterns, and performed tuberculin skin testing (TST) and case finding for possible exposed contacts.
RESULTS. Only Patients 1 and 2 had identical genotypic patterns. Neither patient had baseline TST results available. Patient 1 had clinical evidence of infectiousness 3 months before the diagnosis of TB was ascertained. Among employee contacts of Patient 1, TST conversions occurred in 1 of 59 (2%), 2 of 34 (6%), 2 of 32 (6%), and 0 of 8 who were tested at Hospitals A, B, and C and at the residential facility, respectively. Among the others who were exposed to Patient 1, 1 of 31 (3%), 1 of 30 (3%), 0 of 40 (0%), and 12 of 136 (9%) who were tested had positive TSTs at Hospitals A, B, and C and at the residential facility, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS. Delayed TB diagnosis in 2 patients with leukemia resulted in the transmission of M. tuberculosis to 19 patients and staff at 3 hospitals and a residential facility. Baseline TB screening and earlier clinical recognition of active disease could reduce healthcare facility-associated transmission of M. tuberculosis among patients with malignancy.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, State Branch, Div Appl Publ Hlth Training,Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Epidemiol & Outbreak Invest Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Measles Branch, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Serv Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Springfield, IL 62761 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Ctr Program, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Malone, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Dept Def, Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Response Sy, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM joseph.malone@na.amedd.army.mil
OI Simoes, Eduardo/0000-0003-4371-4305
NR 40
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0008-543X
J9 CANCER
JI Cancer
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 101
IS 12
BP 2713
EP 2721
DI 10.1002/cncr.20698
PG 9
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 878HK
UT WOS:000225637200001
PM 15547933
ER
PT J
AU Armstrong, LR
Thompson, T
Hall, HI
Coughlin, SS
Steele, B
Rogers, JD
AF Armstrong, LR
Thompson, T
Hall, HI
Coughlin, SS
Steele, B
Rogers, JD
TI Colorectal carcinoma mortality among Appalachian men and women,
1969-1999
SO CANCER
LA English
DT Article
DE colorectal carcinoma; mortality; Appalachian region; joinpoint
ID UNITED-STATES; CANCER MORTALITY; DEATH; RATES; RACE; ACCURACY; RECTUM;
BREAST; COLON
AB BACKGROUND. Colorectal carcinoma screening can reduce mortality, but residents of poor or medically underserved areas may face barriers to screening. The current study assessed colorectal carcinoma mortality in Appalachia, a historically underserved area, from 1969 to 1999.
METHODS. All counties within the 13-state Appalachian region, which stretches from southern New York to northern Mississippi, were used to calculate annual death rates for the 31-year period. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to examine trends by age and race for the Appalachian region and the remainder of the United States. Five-year rates for 1995-1999 age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population were calculated, by race and age group for the Appalachian region and elsewhere in the United States.
RESULTS. Trend analysis showed that colorectal carcinoma death rates among both racial and gender groups studied had declined in recent years. Despite this, the rates for white males and white females were still significantly higher in Appalachia than in the rest of the country at the end of the study period, 1999. Five-year colorectal carcinoma death rates among white males (ages < 50, 50-59, and 70-79 years) and white females (ages < 50, 50-59, 70-79, greater than or equal to 80 years) were significantly higher in Appalachia than elsewhere in the United States, whereas rates among black females 60-69 and 70-79 years old were significantly lower in Appalachia.
CONCLUSIONS. The Appalachian region may benefit from targeted prevention efforts to eliminate disparities in the colorectal carcinoma death rates among subgroups. Further studies are needed to determine whether the higher death rates in specific Appalachian subgroups are related to a higher incidence of the disease, the cancer being at a later stage at diagnosis, poorer treatment, or other factors.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Armstrong, LR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Mail Stop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM LArmstrong@cdc.gov
NR 36
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0008-543X
J9 CANCER
JI Cancer
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 101
IS 12
BP 2851
EP 2858
DI 10.1002/cncr.20667
PG 8
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 878HK
UT WOS:000225637200017
PM 15526322
ER
PT J
AU Tanz, RR
Shulman, ST
Shortridge, VD
Kabat, W
Kabat, K
Cederlund, E
Rippe, J
Beyer, J
Doktor, S
Beall, BW
AF Tanz, RR
Shulman, ST
Shortridge, VD
Kabat, W
Kabat, K
Cederlund, E
Rippe, J
Beyer, J
Doktor, S
Beall, BW
CA N Amer Streptococcal Pharyngitis S
TI Community-based surveillance in the United States of macrolide-resistant
pediatric pharyngeal group a streptococci during 3 respiratory disease
seasons
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America
CY OCT 09-12, 2003
CL San Diego, CA
SP Infect Dis Soc Amer
ID BETA-HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI; 23S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ERYTHROMYCIN RESISTANCE;
NORTH-AMERICA; IN-VITRO; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; PYOGENES;
SUSCEPTIBILITY; PNEUMONIAE; MECHANISMS
AB Background. In 2001, a total of 48% of pharyngeal group A streptococci (GAS) from Pittsburgh children were macrolide resistant. We assessed macrolide resistance, resistance genes, and emm types among GAS in the United States.
Methods. In prospective, multicenter, community-based surveillance of pharyngeal GAS recovered from children 3-18 years old during 3 respiratory seasons (the 2000-2001 season, the 2001-2002 season, and the 2002 2003 season), GAS were tested for macrolide resistance and underwent emm gene sequencing. Macrolide-resistant GAS were tested for resistance to clindamycin, and resistance genes were determined.
Results. Erythromycin resistance was observed in 4.4% of isolates from the 2000-2001 season, 4.3% from the 2001-2002 season, and 3.8% from the 2002-2003 season (P = .80). Clindamycin resistance was found in 1.04% of isolates; annual rates of clindamycin resistance were stable (P = .75). The predominant resistance genotype each year was mef A (65%-76.9%; overall, 70.3%). Resistant isolates included strains representing 8-11 different emm types each year. Heterogeneity of emm subtypes, resistance genes, and clindamycin resistance was evident among resistant isolates within some emm types. Geographic variability in resistance rates was present each year.
Conclusions. The macrolide resistance rate among pharyngeal GAS was <5% and was stable over the 3 seasons. However, rates varied among sites each year. There was no evidence of spread of a specific resistant clone, increasing clindamycin resistance, or escalation in median erythromycin MICs.
C1 Childrens Mem Hosp, Div Gen Acad Pediat, Chicago, IL 60614 USA.
Childrens Mem Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60614 USA.
Childrens Mem Hosp, Infect Dis Lab, Chicago, IL 60614 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Abbott Labs, Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Res Lab, Abbott Pk, IL 60064 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcal Mol Epidemiol Lab, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Tanz, RR (reprint author), Childrens Mem Hosp, Div Gen Acad Pediat, 2300 Childrens Pl,Box 16, Chicago, IL 60614 USA.
EM rtanz@northwestern.edu
FU NIAID NIH HHS [5 R37 AI 1010085-39S]
NR 43
TC 40
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 39
IS 12
BP 1794
EP 1801
DI 10.1086/426025
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 904JJ
UT WOS:000227492200009
PM 15578402
ER
PT J
AU Moore, ZS
Seward, JF
Watson, BM
Maupin, TJ
Jumaan, AO
AF Moore, ZS
Seward, JF
Watson, BM
Maupin, TJ
Jumaan, AO
TI Chickenpox or smallpox: The use of the febrile prodrome as a
distinguishing characteristic
SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID VARICELLA VACCINE
AB Background. The ability to differentiate chickenpox from smallpox is important for early recognition of bioterrorism events and prevention of false alarms. The febrile prodrome is a clinical feature used to differentiate these conditions. However, the prevalence of prodromal manifestations in chickenpox has not been well established.
Methods. We evaluated prodrome characteristics of all chickenpox cases identified through an active varicella surveillance program over a 21-month period. The frequencies of various prodromal manifestations among vaccinated and unvaccinated case patients were assessed, and the impact of other demographic features on these manifestations was evaluated. Data were analyzed to determine what proportion met the smallpox febrile prodrome criteria as elaborated in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention algorithm for evaluating patients suspected of having smallpox. Finally, we compared our data with historical data on smallpox prodromes.
Results. Data on prodrome characteristics were available for 932 chickenpox cases. Prodromal fever was present in 37% of unvaccinated chickenpox case patients and in 25% of vaccinated case patients. Among unvaccinated case patients, adults were 70% more likely than children to have fever in the prodrome period. We found that prodromes are less common and less severe in chickenpox than in smallpox. Nevertheless, 7%-17% of unvaccinated chickenpox case patients meet the smallpox febrile prodrome criteria.
Conclusions. Febrile prodromes occur in a significant proportion of patients with chickenpox, particularly among unvaccinated case patients and adults. Therefore, the febrile prodrome alone is not a sufficient marker of smallpox risk. All major and minor smallpox criteria should be considered together in assessing the likelihood of smallpox.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Viral Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA.
Los Angeles Cty Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Moore, ZS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis Epidemiol & Immunol, 2015 Uppergate Dr NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM zack_moore@oz.ped.emory.edu
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 1058-4838
J9 CLIN INFECT DIS
JI Clin. Infect. Dis.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 39
IS 12
BP 1810
EP 1817
DI 10.1086/426026
PG 8
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 904JJ
UT WOS:000227492200011
PM 15578404
ER
PT J
AU Aufiero, P
Karabulut, N
Rumowitz, D
Shah, S
Nsubuga, J
Piepszak, B
Bresnitz, E
Lacy, CR
Robertson, C
Tan, C
AF Aufiero, P
Karabulut, N
Rumowitz, D
Shah, S
Nsubuga, J
Piepszak, B
Bresnitz, E
Lacy, CR
Robertson, C
Tan, C
TI Imported Lassa Fever - New Jersey, 2004 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg
894-897, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
ID MANAGEMENT
C1 Capital Hlth Syst, Trenton, NJ USA.
City Trenton Div Hlth, Trenton, NJ USA.
CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quartine, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Aufiero, P (reprint author), Capital Hlth Syst, Trenton, NJ USA.
RI KARABULUT, Nevzat/A-8010-2014
OI KARABULUT, Nevzat/0000-0002-0822-0281
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 23
BP 2828
EP 2830
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 879CR
UT WOS:000225694500008
ER
PT J
AU Lyons, B
Stanwyck, C
McCauley, M
AF Lyons, B
Stanwyck, C
McCauley, M
TI Vaccination coverage among children entering school - United States,
2003-04 school year (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1041-1044, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CDC, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Lyons, B (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 23
BP 2830
EP 2831
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 879CR
UT WOS:000225694500009
ER
PT J
AU Midanik, LT
Chaloupka, FJ
Saitz, R
Toomey, TL
Fellows, JL
Dufour, M
Landen, M
Brounstein, PJ
Stahre, MA
Brewer, RD
Naimi, TS
Miller, JW
AF Midanik, LT
Chaloupka, FJ
Saitz, R
Toomey, TL
Fellows, JL
Dufour, M
Landen, M
Brounstein, PJ
Stahre, MA
Brewer, RD
Naimi, TS
Miller, JW
TI Alcohol-attributable deaths and years of potential life lost - United
States, 2001 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 866-870, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA.
Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA.
Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA.
CSR Inc, Arlington, VA USA.
Subst Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA.
CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Midanik, LT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 23
BP 2831
EP 2832
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 879CR
UT WOS:000225694500010
ER
PT J
AU Ramsey, LT
Pelletier, AR
AF Ramsey, LT
Pelletier, AR
TI Update on firearm use in G- and PG-rated movies
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Letter
ID ADOLESCENT SMOKING
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Ramsey, LT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
EM Itramsey@cdc.gov
NR 9
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 23
BP 2836
EP 2837
DI 10.1001/jama.292.23.2836-c
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 879CR
UT WOS:000225694500020
PM 15598913
ER
PT J
AU Krebs, JW
Mandel, EJ
Swerdlow, DL
Rupprecht, CE
AF Krebs, JW
Mandel, EJ
Swerdlow, DL
Rupprecht, CE
TI Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2003
SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID PUBLIC VETERINARY-MEDICINE; RACCOON RABIES; VACCINATION PROGRAM; ORAL
VACCINATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VIRUS; COYOTES; HEALTH; INFECTION; EFFICACY
AB During 2003, 49 states and Puerto Rico reported 7,170 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings to the CDC. This represents a 10% decrease from the 7,967 cases in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings reported in 2002. More than 91 % (n = 6,556) were in wild animals, and 8.6% (614) were in domestic species (compared with 92.5% in wild animals and 74% in domestic species in 2002). The relative contributions of the major groups of animals were as follows: 2,635 raccoons (36.7%), 2,112 skunks (29.4%), 1,212 bats (16.9%), 456 foxes (6.4%), 321 cats (4.5%), 117 dogs (1.6%), and 98 cattle (1.4%). Compared with cases reported in 2002, the number of cases reported in 2003 decreased among all reporting groups with the exception of cats, dogs, equids, and swine. Ten of the 19 states with enzootic rabies in raccoons, the District of Columbia, and New York City reported decreases in the numbers of rabid raccoons during 2003. Tennessee reported 4 cases of indigenous rabies in raccoons during 2003, becoming the 20th state where rabies in raccoons is known to be enzootic.
On a national level, the number of rabies cases in skunks during 2003 decreased by 13.2% from those reported in 2002. Texas again reported the greatest number (n = 620) of rabid skunks during 2003, as well as the greatest overall state total of rabies cases (909). As in 2002, Texas did not report any cases of rabies associated with the dog/coyote variant of the rabies virus, but did report 61 cases associated with the gray fox variant of the virus (compared with 65 cases in 2002). The 1,212 cases of rabies reported in bats during 2003 represented a decline of nearly 12% from the previous year's record high of 1,373 cases for this group of mammals. Cases of rabies reported in foxes and raccoons declined 10.2% and 8.9%, respectively, during 2003. Rabies among sheep and goats decreased from 15 cases in 2002 to 12 cases in 2003, whereas cases reported in cats, dogs, and equids increased 74%, 18.2%, and 8.6%, respectively. In Puerto Rico, reported cases of rabies in mongooses and dogs decreased 26.9% and 35.7%, respectively, from those reported in 2002.
Three cases of rabies in human beings were reported in California, Virginia, and Puerto Rico during 2003. The Virginia case was the first reported occurrence of rabies in a human being infected with the raccoon rabies virus variant; however, the exposure history was unknown. The California and Puerto Rico cases were the result of infections with bat and dog/mongoose rabies virus variants, respectively, and each patient had a history of a bite.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Krebs, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 52
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA
SN 0003-1488
J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A
JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 225
IS 12
BP 1837
EP 1849
DI 10.2460/javma.2004.225.1837
PG 13
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 879YY
UT WOS:000225756600015
PM 15643834
ER
PT J
AU Engels, EA
Switzer, WM
Heneine, W
Viscidi, RP
AF Engels, EA
Switzer, WM
Heneine, W
Viscidi, RP
TI Serologic evidence for exposure to simian virus 40 in North American zoo
workers
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Malignancies in AIDS and Other
Immunodeficiencies
CY APR 29-30, 2004
CL Bethesda, MD
ID FOAMY VIRUS-INFECTION; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; HUMAN SERA; BK VIRUS; JC
VIRUS; 40 SV40; HUMANS
AB Some laboratories have detected DNA from the macaque polyomavirus simian virus 40 (SV40) in human tumors, but possible routes of infection remain unknown. In the present study, an enzyme immunoassay using viruslike particles (VLPs) was used to test 254 zoo workers for antibodies to SV40; 25 zoo workers with direct contact with nonhuman primates and 15 other zoo workers (23% vs. 10%, respectively; P = .01) were seropositive for SV40. Additionally, SV40 seroreactivity confirmed by competitive-inhibition experiments (i.e., blocked by addition of SV40 VLPs but not by VLPs for BK virus or JC virus, which are related human polyomaviruses) was increased in zoo workers with direct contact with nonhuman primates ( 10% vs. 3%, respectively; P = .04). SV40 seroreactivity therefore may reflect zoonotic exposure.
C1 NCI, Rockville, MD USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Engels, EA (reprint author), NCI, Viral Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, DHHS, 6120 Execut Blvd,EPS 9010, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM engelse@exchange.nih.gov
NR 15
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 190
IS 12
BP 2065
EP 2069
DI 10.1086/425997
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 873LK
UT WOS:000225281600002
PM 15551203
ER
PT J
AU Harpaz, R
Papania, MJ
AF Harpaz, R
Papania, MJ
TI Elimination programs: Monitoring the effectiveness of surveillance -
Reply
SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Harpaz, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, MS E61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM rzh6@cdc.gov
NR 2
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0022-1899
J9 J INFECT DIS
JI J. Infect. Dis.
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 190
IS 12
BP 2196
EP 2197
DI 10.1086/425428
PG 2
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
GA 873LK
UT WOS:000225281600020
ER
PT J
AU Michaels, MG
Kaufman, C
Volberding, PA
Gupta, P
Switzer, WM
Heneine, W
Sandstrom, P
Kaplan, L
Swift, P
Damon, L
Ildstad, ST
AF Michaels, MG
Kaufman, C
Volberding, PA
Gupta, P
Switzer, WM
Heneine, W
Sandstrom, P
Kaplan, L
Swift, P
Damon, L
Ildstad, ST
TI Baboon bone-marrow xenotransplant in a patient with advanced HIV
disease: Case report and 8-year follow-up
SO TRANSPLANTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE xenotransplantation; immune reconstitution; AIDS; xenozoonoses;
xenogeneic chimerism
ID TOTAL-LYMPHOID IRRADIATION; TOLERANCE INDUCTION; T-LYMPHOCYTES; CELLS;
TRANSPLANTATION; CHIMERAS; AMPLIFICATION; ENGRAFTMENT; INFECTION; VIRUS
AB Background. Xenotransplantation offers a solution to the shortage of organ donors and may offer resistance to human-specific pathogens. Baboons are resistant to productive infection with HIV-1. A baboon bone-marrow transplant (BMT) was performed in an attempt to reconstitute the immune system of a patient with advanced AIDS. The aims of this pilot study were to evaluate the safety of the procedure and develop an approach to prevent and monitor for xenozoonoses.
Methods. A source animal was selected on the basis of infectious disease surveillance protocols. Baboon bone marrow, engineered to remove graft-versus-host-disease-producing mature lineages, but to retain hematopoietic stem cells and facilitating cells, was infused into the patient after nonmyeloablative conditioning. Serial clinical, virologic, immunologic, and hematologic evaluations were performed.
Results. A 38-year-old male with advanced AIDS, who had failed to respond to triple-drug antiretroviral therapy, underwent baboon BMT in 1995. The patient tolerated the procedure without complication. Baboon cells were detected in the peripheral blood on days 5 and 13 after transplantation. Baboon endogenous virus (BaEV) was detected on day 5 but not subsequently. Antibody to BaEV was not detected. HIV-1 viral load declined 1.5 log and remained low until 11 months. The patient improved clinically, and no adverse events occurred. The patient is alive 8 years after the procedure.
Conclusions. Baboon BMT to treat AIDS was attempted using nonmyeloablative conditioning and resulted in transient microchimerism and clinical and virologic improvements. Long-term improvement was not achieved; however, no adverse events occurred, and no evidence of transmission of xenogeneic infections was found.
C1 Univ Louisville, Inst Cellular Therapeut, Louisville, KY 40202 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA.
CDC, HIV & Retrovirol Branch, Div Aids STD TB Lab Res, Atlanta, GA USA.
Hlth Canada, Natl HIV & Retrovirol Labs, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada.
Alta Bates Comprehens Canc Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA.
Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Hematol & Oncol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
RP Ildstad, ST (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Inst Cellular Therapeut, Baxer I Biomed Res Bldg,570 S Preston St,Suite 40, Louisville, KY 40202 USA.
EM stilds01@louisville.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RROO083-84]; NIAID NIH HHS [K08 AI 01437-03, P30 AI
27763-11]
NR 39
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 7
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0041-1337
J9 TRANSPLANTATION
JI Transplantation
PD DEC 15
PY 2004
VL 78
IS 11
BP 1582
EP 1589
DI 10.1097/01.TP.0000141365.41365.23479.4E
PG 8
WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation
SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation
GA 879FQ
UT WOS:000225702200003
PM 15591945
ER
PT J
AU Granowitz, EV
Srinivasan, A
Clynes, ND
AF Granowitz, EV
Srinivasan, A
Clynes, ND
TI Using the internet to identify infectious-disease outbreaks
SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
LA English
DT Letter
ID SOCIETY-OF-AMERICA; NETWORK
C1 Baystate Med Ctr, Springfield, MA 01199 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
New York Presbyterian Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA.
RP Granowitz, EV (reprint author), Baystate Med Ctr, Springfield, MA 01199 USA.
EM eric.granowitz@bhs.org
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC
PI WALTHAM
PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA
SN 0028-4793
J9 NEW ENGL J MED
JI N. Engl. J. Med.
PD DEC 9
PY 2004
VL 351
IS 24
BP 2558
EP 2559
DI 10.1056/NEJM200412093512422
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 877TE
UT WOS:000225593100032
PM 15590966
ER
PT J
AU Schuster, FL
Visvesvara, GS
AF Schuster, FL
Visvesvara, GS
TI Amebae and ciliated protozoa as causal agents of waterborne zoonotic
disease
SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE free-living amebae; amebic encephalitis; amebic keratitis; amebic
dysentery; balantidiasis; Acanthamoeba; Balamuthia; Naegleria fowleri;
Entamoeba histolytica; Balantidium coli
ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; BALAMUTHIA-MANDRILLARIS;
ACANTHAMOEBA-KERATITIS; ENTAMOEBA-HISTOLYTICA; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI;
LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; OPPORTUNISTIC AMEBAS; CUTANEOUS AMEBIASIS;
LEPTOMYXID-AMEBA
AB The roles free-living amebae and the parasitic protozoa Entamoeba histolytica and Balantidium coli play as agents of waterborne zoonotic diseases are examined. The free-living soil and water amebae Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba spp., and Balamuthia mandrillaris are recognized etiologic agents of mostly fatal amebic encephalitides in humans and other animals, with immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts among the victims. Acanthamoeba spp. are also agents of amebic keratitis. Infection is through the respiratory tract, breaks in the skin, or by uptake of water into the nostrils, with spread to the central nervous system. E. histolytica and B. coli are parasitic protozoa that cause amebic dysentery and balantidiasis, respectively. Both intestinal infections are spread via a fecal-oral route, with cysts as the infective stage. Although the amebic encephalitides can be acquired by contact with water, they are not, strictly speaking, waterborne diseases and are not transmitted to humans from animals. Non-human primates and swine are reservoirs for E. histolytica and B. coli, and the diseases they cause are acquired from cysts, usually in sewage-contaminated water. Amebic dysentery and balantidiasis are examples of zoonotic waterborne infections, though human-to-human transmission can occur. The epidemiology of the diseases is examined, as are diagnostic procedures, anti-microbial interventions, and the influence of globalization, climate change, and technological advances on their spread. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Schuster, FL (reprint author), Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
EM fschuste@dhs.ca.gov
NR 96
TC 56
Z9 62
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4017
J9 VET PARASITOL
JI Vet. Parasitol.
PD DEC 9
PY 2004
VL 126
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 91
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.09.019
PG 30
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 880XY
UT WOS:000225824800007
PM 15567581
ER
PT J
AU Bardenheier, BH
Euler, G
AF Bardenheier, BH
Euler, G
CA CDC
TI Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination coverage among persons aged >= 65
years and persons aged 18-64 years with diabetes or asthma - United
States, 2003 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 53, pg 1007-1012, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 Immunizat Svcs Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
CDC, Eidemiol & Surveillance Div, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Bardenheier, BH (reprint author), Immunizat Svcs Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 8
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 22
BP 2715
EP 2716
PG 2
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 877CY
UT WOS:000225546600008
ER
PT J
AU Elsayed, EA
Mousa, N
Dabbagh, A
El-Bushra, H
Mahoney, F
Haithami, S
El-Sakka, H
Sabitenelli, G
Agbo, S
Nandy, R
Cairns, L
AF Elsayed, EA
Mousa, N
Dabbagh, A
El-Bushra, H
Mahoney, F
Haithami, S
El-Sakka, H
Sabitenelli, G
Agbo, S
Nandy, R
Cairns, L
CA CDC
TI Emergency measles control activities - Darfur, Sudan, 2004 (Reprinted
from MMWR, vol 53, pg 897-899, 2004)
SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Reprint
C1 Fed Minst Hlth Sudan, Khartoum, Sudan.
WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
WHO, Eastern Mediterranean Reg Off, Cairo, Egypt.
UNICEF, Khartoum, Sudan.
CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Elsayed, EA (reprint author), Fed Minst Hlth Sudan, Khartoum, Sudan.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC
PI CHICAGO
PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA
SN 0098-7484
J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC
JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.
PD DEC 8
PY 2004
VL 292
IS 22
BP 2716
EP 2718
PG 3
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 877CY
UT WOS:000225546600009
ER
PT J
AU Fischer, TK
Bresee, JS
Glass, RI
AF Fischer, TK
Bresee, JS
Glass, RI
TI Rotavirus vaccines and the prevention of hospital-acquired diarrhea in
children
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Immunological Approaches Against Nosocomial
Infections
CY NOV 19-21, 2003
CL Les Pensieres, FRANCE
SP Merieux Fdn
DE rotavirus; gastroenteritis; vaccine; nosocomial; intra-hospital-acquired
ID GENERAL PEDIATRIC UNIT; NOSOCOMIAL ROTAVIRUS; YOUNG-CHILDREN;
GASTROENTERITIS; EFFICACY; INFECTION; INFANTS; IMPACT; SAFETY; OUTBREAK
AB Rotavirus, the major cause of severe acute dehydrating gastroenteritis in children less than 5 years of age, is responsible for an estimated 20-50% of all hospitalizations for diarrhea and approximately 440,000 deaths annually, primarily in the developing world. Rotavirus vaccines are considered the most promising means for disease prevention. While the prime rationale for developing rotavirus vaccines has been the enormous burden of rotavirus infection leading to severe and fatal disease, a secondary benefit may be the prevention of nosocomial rotavirus diarrhea. We have reviewed the burden of intra-hospital-acquired rotavirus infections from several countries and found that in the United States alone, as many as 25% of rotavirus hospitalizations or approximately 16,000-18,000 hospitalizations each year might be due to rotavirus infections acquired within hospitals. To countries with low rotavirus-associated mortality, prevention of these infections and the resulting economic savings therefore represent an important secondary goal. Several rotavirus vaccines are in development, and two candidates are currently being tested in large-scale safety and efficacy trials. Development of safe and effective rotavirus vaccines will protect children worldwide against the severe consequences of rotavirus infections including prolonged hospitalizations for nosocomially acquired infections. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Viral Gastroenteritis Sect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Fischer, TK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Epidemiol Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM thf7@cdc.gov
NR 47
TC 60
Z9 68
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD DEC 6
PY 2004
VL 22
SU 1
BP S49
EP S54
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.08.017
PG 6
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 884QG
UT WOS:000226100200010
PM 15576202
ER
PT J
AU McAuliffe, J
Vogel, L
Roberts, A
Fahle, G
Fischer, S
Shieh, WJ
Butler, E
Zaki, S
Claire, MS
Murphy, B
Subbarao, K
AF McAuliffe, J
Vogel, L
Roberts, A
Fahle, G
Fischer, S
Shieh, WJ
Butler, E
Zaki, S
Claire, MS
Murphy, B
Subbarao, K
TI Replication of SARS coronavirus administered into the respiratory tract
of African Green, rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys
SO VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE replication; SARS; respiratory tract
ID FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; VIRUS-INFECTION; PRIMATE MODEL;
PATHOGENESIS; IDENTIFICATION; VACCINE
AB SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) administered intranasally and intratracheally to rhesus, cynomolgus and African Green monkeys (AGM) replicated in the respiratory tract but did not induce illness. The titer of serum neutralizing antibodies correlated with the level of virus replication in the respiratory tract (AGM>cynomolgus>rhesus). Moderate to high titers of SARS-CoV with associated interstitial pneumonitis were detected in the lungs of AGMs on day 2 and were resolving by day 4 post-infection. Following challenge of AGMs 2 months later, virus replication was highly restricted and there was no evidence of enhanced disease. These species will be useful for the evaluation of the immunogenicity of candidate vaccines, but the lack of apparent clinical illness in all three species, variability from animal to animal in level of viral replication, and rapid clearance of virus and pneumonitis in AGMs must be taken into account by investigators considering the use of these species in efficacy and challenge studies. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NIH, Microbiol Serv, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Bioqual Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
RP Subbarao, K (reprint author), NIAID, Infect Dis Lab, NIH, Bldg 50,Room 6132,50 South Dr,MSC 8007, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM ksubbarao@niaid.nih.gov
NR 21
TC 96
Z9 102
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0042-6822
J9 VIROLOGY
JI Virology
PD DEC 5
PY 2004
VL 330
IS 1
BP 8
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.virol.2004.09.030
PG 8
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 872GL
UT WOS:000225195600002
PM 15527829
ER
PT J
AU Mollica, RF
Cardozo, BL
Osofsky, HJ
Raphael, B
Ager, A
Salama, P
AF Mollica, RF
Cardozo, BL
Osofsky, HJ
Raphael, B
Ager, A
Salama, P
TI Mental health in complex emergencies
SO LANCET
LA English
DT Review
ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; EYE-MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION; NATIONAL
COMORBIDITY SURVEY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; POLITICAL VIOLENCE; FUNCTIONAL
HEALTH; BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS; BOSNIAN REFUGEES; BORDER CAMPS; PRIMARY-CARE
AB Mental health is becoming a central issue for public health complex emergencies. In this review we present a culturally valid mental health action plan based on scientific evidence that is capable of addressing the mental health effects of complex emergencies. A mental health system of primary care providers, traditional healers, and relief workers, if properly trained and supported, can provide cost-effective, good mental health care. This plan emphasises the need for standardised approaches to the assessment, monitoring, and outcome of all related activities. Crucial to the improvement of outcomes during crises and the availability to future emergencies of lessons learned from earlier crises is the regular dissemination of the results achieved with the action plan. A research agenda is included that should, in time, fill knowledge gaps and reduce the negative mental health effects of complex emergencies.
C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Harvard Program Refugee Trauma, Cambridge, MA USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emergency & Reguee Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
New S Wales Hlth Dept, Ctr Mental Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Ctr Int Hlth Studies, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
UNICEF, Kabul, Afghanistan.
RP Mollica, RF (reprint author), Harvard Program Refugee Trauma, 22 Putnam Ave 2nd Floor, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM rmollica@partners.org
NR 145
TC 109
Z9 112
U1 4
U2 17
PU LANCET LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0140-6736
J9 LANCET
JI Lancet
PD DEC 4
PY 2004
VL 364
IS 9450
BP 2058
EP 2067
DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17519-3
PG 10
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA 876KM
UT WOS:000225495700030
PM 15582064
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, WW
DeStefano, F
Chen, R
AF Thompson, WW
DeStefano, F
Chen, R
TI Letter to the editor
SO VACCINE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, Immunizat Safety Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Thompson, WW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Epidemiol & Surveillance Div, Immunizat Safety Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM wct2@cdc.gov
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-410X
J9 VACCINE
JI Vaccine
PD DEC 2
PY 2004
VL 23
IS 3
BP 281
EP 282
DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.06.002
PG 2
WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 880HC
UT WOS:000225778600003
PM 15530668
ER
PT J
AU Fleischauer, AT
Silk, BJ
Schumacher, M
Komatsu, K
Santana, S
Vaz, V
Wolfe, M
Hutwagner, L
Cono, J
Berkelman, R
Treadwell, T
AF Fleischauer, AT
Silk, BJ
Schumacher, M
Komatsu, K
Santana, S
Vaz, V
Wolfe, M
Hutwagner, L
Cono, J
Berkelman, R
Treadwell, T
TI The validity of chief complaint and discharge diagnosis on emergency
department-based syndromic surveillance
SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE bioterrorism preparedness; syndromic surveillance; emergency
departments; chief complaint; discharge diagnosis; evaluation
ID PUBLIC-HEALTH SURVEILLANCE; SYSTEMS
AB Objective: Emergency department (ED)-based syndromic surveillance systems are being used by public health departments to monitor for outbreaks of infectious diseases, including bioterrorism; however, few systems have been validated. The authors evaluated a "drop-in" syndromic surveillance system by comparing syndrome categorization in the ED with chief complaints and ED discharge diagnoses from medical record review. Methods: A surveillance form was completed for each ED visit at 15 participating Arizona hospitals between October 27 and November 18, 2001. Each patient visit was assigned one of ten clinical syndromes or "none." For six of 15 EDs, K statistics were used to compare syndrome agreement between surveillance forms and syndrome categorization with chief complaint and ED discharge diagnosis from medical record review. Results: Overall, agreement between surveillance forms and ED discharge diagnoses (kappa = 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52 to 0.59) was significantly higher than between surveillance forms and chief complaints (K = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.44 to 0.52). Agreement between chief complaints and ED discharge diagnoses was poor for respiratory tract infection with fever (kappa =0.33; 95% CI = 0.27 to 0.39). Furthermore, pediatric chief complaints showed lower agreement for respiratory tract infection with fever when compared with adults (kappa = 0.34 [95% CI = 0.20 to 0.47] vs. K = 0.44 [95% CI = 0.28 to 0.59], respectively). Conclusions: In general, this syndromic surveillance system classified patients into appropriate syndrome categories with fair to good agreement compared with chief complaints and discharge diagnoses. The present findings suggest that use of ED discharge diagnoses, in addition to or instead of chief complaints, may increase surveillance validity for both automated and drop-in syndromic surveillance systems.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bioterrorism Preparedness & Response Program, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Publ Hlth Preparedness & Res, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Maricopa Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Biodef Preparedness & Response, Phoenix, AZ USA.
Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Infect Dis Epidemiol Sect, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA.
Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Fleischauer, AT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bioterrorism Preparedness & Response Program, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM alf6@cdc.gov
NR 19
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA
SN 1069-6563
J9 ACAD EMERG MED
JI Acad. Emerg. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 11
IS 12
BP 1262
EP 1267
DI 10.1197/j.aem.2004.07.013
PG 6
WC Emergency Medicine
SC Emergency Medicine
GA 876XE
UT WOS:000225531300002
PM 15576514
ER
PT J
AU Boone, DJ
AF Boone, DJ
TI Is it safe to have a laboratory test?
SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT European Conference on Quality in the Spotlight in Medical Laboratories
CY MAR 18-19, 2004
CL Antwerp, BELGIUM
DE medical errors; laboratory mistakes; quality Institute; Institute for
Quality in Laboratory Medicine; patient safety; improving laboratory
services
ID MEDICAL ERRORS; HEALTH-CARE; QUALITY
AB A recent US Institute of Medicine report indicated that up to 98,000 deaths and more than 1 million injuries occur each year in the United States due to medical errors. These include diagnostic errors, such as an "error or delay in diagnosis, failure to employ indicated tests" and the "use of outmoded tests." Laboratory tests provide up to 80% of the information used by physicians to make important medical decisions, therefore it is important to determine how often laboratory testing mistakes occur, whether they cause patient harm, where they are most likely to occur in the testing process, and how to prevent them from occurring. A review of the literature and a US Quality Institute Conference in 2003 indicates that errors in laboratory medicine occur most often in the preanalytical and post-analytical steps in the testing process, but most of the quality improvement efforts focus on improving the analytical process. Measures must be developed and employed to reduce the potential for mistakes in laboratory medicine, including better indicators for the quality of laboratory service. Users of laboratory services must be linked with the laboratory's information system to assist them with decisions about test ordering, patient preparation, and test interpretation. Quality assessment efforts need to be expanded beyond external quality assessment programs to encompass the detection of non-analytical mistakes and improving communication between the users of and providers of laboratory services. The actual number of mistakes in laboratory testing is not fully recognized, because no widespread process is in place to either determine how often mistakes occur or to systematically eliminate sources of error. We also tend to focus on mistakes that result in adverse events, not the near misses that cause no observable harm. The users of laboratory services must become aware of where testing mistakes can occur and actively participate in designing processes to prevent mistakes. Most importantly, healthcare institutions need to adopt a culture of safety, which is implemented at all levels of the organization. This includes establishing closer links between providers of laboratory services and others in the healthcare delivery system. This was the theme of a 2003 Quality Institute Conference aimed at "making the laboratory a key partner in patient safety." Plans to create a permanent public - private partnership, called the Institute for Quality in Laboratory Medicine, whose mission is to promote improvements in the use of laboratory tests and laboratory services are underway.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Boone, DJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, 4770 Buford Highway MS-G25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM dboone@cdc.gov
NR 10
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-1775
J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR
JI Accredit. Qual. Assur.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 10
IS 1-2
BP 5
EP 9
DI 10.1007/s00769-004-0855-5
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 876VJ
UT WOS:000225526200003
ER
PT J
AU Miller, LC
Murphy, ST
Clark, LF
Hamburger, M
Moore, J
AF Miller, LC
Murphy, ST
Clark, LF
Hamburger, M
Moore, J
TI Hierarchical messages for introducing multiple HIV prevention options:
Promise and pitfalls
SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION
LA English
DT Article
ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; METHODS
WOMEN; SEX WORKERS; CONDOM USE; FEMALE CONDOM; NONOXYNOL-9;
TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS; PROTECTION
AB dn battling HIV, many interventionists advocate the use of hierarchical messages that present multiple prevention options in order of decreasing effectiveness. The purpose of the present study was to determine if hierarchical messages provide women with additional prevention options without reducing the perceived efficacy of and willingness to use the primary method mentioned (in this case, male condoms). African American and Mexican American women between 18 and 32 years of age (n = 112) at risk for HIV were randomly assigned to receive either a male-condom-only message (use male condoms) or a hierarchical message (use male condoms; if not, use female condoms; if not, use spermicide). Compared with women in the male-condom-only condition, a significantly smaller percentage of women who received the hierarchical message perceived male condoms as highly effective against HIV. Women currently not using male condoms who received the hierarchical, rather than the male-condom-only, message were less likely to consider using male condoms in the future. Among current male condom users, however, the hierarchical message did not influence intent to use male condoms. These data point to the need for examining both the intended and unintended effects of hierarchical health care messages.
C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
CDCP, Program Evaluat Res Branch, Div HIV Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
CDCP, Program Evaluat Res Branch, Div AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
CDCP, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Miller, LC (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Annenberg Sch Commun, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM lmiller@rcf.usc.edu
RI Miller, Lynn/E-8101-2010
OI Miller, Lynn/0000-0003-3379-3564
NR 36
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 370 SEVENTH AVE, SUITE 1200, NEW YORK, NY 10001-1020 USA
SN 0899-9546
EI 1943-2755
J9 AIDS EDUC PREV
JI Aids Educ. Prev.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 16
IS 6
BP 509
EP 525
DI 10.1521/aeap.16.6.509.53788
PG 17
WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 884CH
UT WOS:000226061700003
PM 15585428
ER
PT J
AU Deloria-Knoll, M
Chmiel, JS
Moorman, AC
Wood, KC
Holmberg, SD
Palella, FJ
AF Deloria-Knoll, M
Chmiel, JS
Moorman, AC
Wood, KC
Holmberg, SD
Palella, FJ
CA HOPS Investigators
TI Factors related to and consequences of adherence to antiretroviral
therapy in an ambulatory HIV-infected patient cohort
SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS
LA English
DT Article
ID OUTCOMES
AB In a confidential medication adherence questionnaire completed by 255 participants in the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) between March and November 1999, 33% reported skipping antiretroviral doses within the previous 3 days. The respondents, with a median age of 41, were predominantly male (86%), white (62%), and highly educated (33% had some post-high school training but no college degree and 39% had a college degree; only 11% had less than a high school diploma). Twenty-one percent had a history of injection drug use, 12% were unemployed, and 18% had Medicaid insurance. Questions about difficulty taking antiretroviral medications or drug holidays identified an additional 16% of patients experiencing adherence problems and explained significantly more of the failure to achieve undetectable viral loads than simply querying about skipped doses.
C1 Northwestern Univ, Div Infect Dis, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA.
Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA.
RP Palella, FJ (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Div Infect Dis, Feinberg Sch Med, 676 N St Clair,Suite 200, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
EM f-palella@northwestern.edu
NR 12
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA
SN 1087-2914
J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST
JI Aids Patient Care STDS
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 18
IS 12
BP 721
EP 727
DI 10.1089/apc.2004.18.721
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 885MB
UT WOS:000226159900006
PM 15659883
ER
PT J
AU Smith, JM
Amara, RR
Campbell, D
Xu, Y
Patel, M
Sharma, S
Butera, ST
Ellenberger, DL
Yi, H
Chennareddi, L
Herndon, JG
Wyatt, LS
Montefiori, D
Moss, B
McClure, HM
Robinson, HL
AF Smith, JM
Amara, RR
Campbell, D
Xu, Y
Patel, M
Sharma, S
Butera, ST
Ellenberger, DL
Yi, H
Chennareddi, L
Herndon, JG
Wyatt, LS
Montefiori, D
Moss, B
McClure, HM
Robinson, HL
TI DNA/MVA vaccine for HIV type 1: Effects of codon-optimization and the
expression of aggregates or virus-like particles on the immunogenicity
of the DNA prime
SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
LA English
DT Article
ID CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; AIDS VACCINE; CELL
DIFFERENTIATION; MUCOSAL CHALLENGE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; RHESUS-MONKEYS;
VIRAL ESCAPE; MEMORY; PROTECTION
AB Recently, a vaccine consisting of DNA priming followed by boosting with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) has provided long-term protection of rhesus macaques against a virulent challenge with a chimera of simian and human immunodeficiency viruses. Here, we report studies on the development of the DNA component for a DNA/MVA HIV vaccine for humans. Specifically, we assess the ability of a codon-optimized Gag-expressing DNA and two noncodon-optimized Gag - Pol - Env-expressing DNAs to prime the MVA booster dose. The codon-optimized DNA expressed virus-like particles (VLPs), whereas one of the noncodon-optimized DNAs expressed VLPs and the other expressed aggregates of HIV proteins. The MVA boost expressed Gag - Pol and Env and produced VLPs. Immunogenicity studies in macaques used one intramuscular prime with 600 mug of DNA and two intramuscular boosts with 1 x 10(8) pfu of MVA at weeks 8 and 30. The codon-optimized and noncodon-optimized DNAs proved similar in their ability to prime anti-Gag T cell responses. The aggregate and VLP-expressing Gag - Pol - Env DNAs also showed no significant differences in their ability to prime anti-Env Ab responses. The second MVA booster dose did not increase the peak CD4 and CD8 T cell responses, but increased anti-Env Ab titers by 40- to 90-fold. MVA-only immunizations elicited 10 - 100 times lower frequencies of T cells and 2 - 4 lower titers of anti-Env Ab than the Gag - Pol - Env DNA/MVA immunizations. Based on the breadth of the T cell response and a trend toward higher titers of anti-Env Ab, we are moving forward with human trials of the noncodon-optimized VLP-expressing DNA.
C1 Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV & Retrovirol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Electron Microscope Core, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
NIAID, Viral Dis Lab, Bethesda, MD USA.
Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
RP Robinson, HL (reprint author), Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, 954 Gatewood Rd,Box 129, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.
EM hrobins@rmy.emory.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00165]; NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI49364]; NIDA NIH HHS [P30
DA 12121]
NR 30
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI LARCHMONT
PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA
SN 0889-2229
J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV
JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 20
IS 12
BP 1335
EP 1347
DI 10.1089/aid.2004.20.1335
PG 13
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology
GA 883XN
UT WOS:000226049200008
PM 15650426
ER
PT J
AU Painter, TM
AF Painter, TM
TI Natural resource conflict management case studies: An analysis of power,
participation and protected areas.
SO AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
RP Painter, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 4350 NORTH FAIRFAX DRIVE SUITE 640, ARLINGTON, VA 22203 USA
SN 0002-7294
J9 AM ANTHROPOL
JI Am. Anthropol.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 106
IS 4
BP 754
EP 755
DI 10.1525/aa.2004.106.4.754
PG 2
WC Anthropology
SC Anthropology
GA 874WM
UT WOS:000225381200023
ER
PT J
AU Weisberg, P
Scanlon, KS
Li, RW
Cogswell, ME
AF Weisberg, P
Scanlon, KS
Li, RW
Cogswell, ME
TI Nutritional rickets among children in the United States: review of cases
reported between 1986 and 2003
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Vitamin D and Health in the 21st Century
CY OCT 09-10, 2003
CL Bethesda, MD
SP NCI, NIH, DHHS, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, USDA Agr Res Serv, NIAMS, DNRC, NIDDK, ORWH, Coca Cola N Amer, Natl Dairy Council
DE vitamin D deficiency; rickets; breast-feeding; case reports; children;
African American children
ID VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; BREAST-FED INFANTS; HUMAN-MILK; AFRICAN-AMERICAN;
25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; FOOD
AB Reports of hypovitaminosis D among adults in the United States have drawn attention to the vitamin D status of children. National data on hypovitaminosis D among children are not yet available. Reports from 2000 and 2001 of rickets among children living in North Carolina, Texas, Georgia, and the mid-Atlantic region, however, confirmed the presence of vitamin D deficiency among some US children and prompted new clinical guidelines to prevent its occurrence. We reviewed reports of nutritional rickets among US children < 18 y of age that were published between 1986 and 2003. We identified 166 cases of rickets in 22 published studies. Patients were 4-54 mo of age, although in 17 studies the maximal age was < 30 mo. Approximately 83% of children with rickets were described as African American or black, and 96% were breast-fed. Among children who were breast-fed, only 5% of records indicated vitamin D supplementation during breast-feeding. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recently recommended a minimal intake of 200 IU/d vitamin D for all infants, beginning in the first 2 mo of life. AAP recommends a vitamin D supplement for breast-fed infants who do not consume at least 500 mL of a vitamin D-fortified beverage. Given our finding of a disproportionate number of rickets cases among young, breast-fed, black children, we recommend that education regarding AAP guidelines emphasize the higher risk of rickets among these children. Education should also emphasize the importance of weaning children to a diet adequate in both vitamin D and calcium.
C1 CDCP, Maternal Child Nutr Branch, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Scanlon, KS (reprint author), CDCP, Maternal Child Nutr Branch, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Mailstop K-25,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM kscanlon@cdc.gov
NR 45
TC 117
Z9 117
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998
USA
SN 0002-9165
J9 AM J CLIN NUTR
JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 80
IS 6
SU S
BP 1697S
EP 1705S
PG 9
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 879ID
UT WOS:000225708700004
PM 15585790
ER
PT J
AU Caruso, CC
Lusk, SL
Gillespie, BW
AF Caruso, CC
Lusk, SL
Gillespie, BW
TI Relationship of work schedules to gastrointestinal diagnoses, symptoms,
and medication use in auto factory workers
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE shift work; overtime; work hours; work schedule; circadian rhythms;
sleep; gastrointestinal diseases; digestive system diseases; work
schedule tolerance; workload; occupational diseases; occupational
exposure
ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SHIFT WORK; OVERTIME WORK; RISK-FACTORS;
PROCESSING INDUSTRY; DIABETES-MELLITUS; AIRCRAFT NOISE; BLOOD-PRESSURE;
JAPANESE MEN; HEALTH
AB Background Gastrointestinal (GI) complaints are common in shift workers. This study examines the relationship between work schedules and GI symptoms, medications, and diagnoses.
Methods In a cross-sectional survey of 343 US auto factory workers, four work schedule variables were examined: assigned shift, number of hours worked, number of night hours, and schedule variability. Multiple regression tested the relationship between GI outcomes and work schedule variables while controlling for covariates.
Results The evening shift was associated with more GI symptoms and GI diagnoses. Unexpectedly, more consistent work times were associated with having a GI diagnosis. As schedule variability increased the probability of GI medication use increased in low noise exposure.
Conclusion Findings suggest that evening shift and widely varying work start and end times may increase risks for GI disturbances. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Univ Michigan, Ctr Stat Consultat & Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Caruso, CC (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM ccaruso@cdc.gov
NR 65
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0271-3586
J9 AM J IND MED
JI Am. J. Ind. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 46
IS 6
BP 586
EP 598
DI 10.1002/ajim.20099
PG 13
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 876XS
UT WOS:000225532700004
PM 15551368
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, L
Ashley, K
Jones, RL
Deddens, JA
AF Taylor, L
Ashley, K
Jones, RL
Deddens, JA
TI Field evaluation of a portable blood lead analyzer in workers living at
a high altitude: A follow-up investigation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE anodic stripping voltammetry; blood lead analysis; high-altitude
population; instrument evaluation; occupational lead exposure; smelter
ID HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION
AB Background Field-portable instruments can offer expeditious analytical results to health professionals infield settings and in areas lacking laboratory infrastructure. This study further evaluated an electroanalytical field-portable instrument, which rapidly analyzes blood lead concentrations.
Methods A portable anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) instrument was evaluated utilizing paired samples from 243 employees working at an elevation of approximately 3,800 meters in Peru. Each worker donated two venous blood samples, one of which was analyzed by the ASV device and the other by a reference analytical method, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS).
Results According to the GFAAS results, the mean blood lead concentration measured was 46(+/-16) mug/dl; this was significantly greater than the mean ASV measurement of 32(+/-11) mug/dl (paired t-test; P < 0.0001). The accuracy of the ASV estimation decreased as the measured blood lead concentration increased.
Conclusions The results from this investigation were significantly different from the previous study, which was conducted near sea level. The exact causes for the discrepancies between the portable ASV results from the two studies are unclear but are thought to be related to differences in blood chemistry between the Midwestern United States and Peruvian Andes worker cohorts. Portable ASV blood lead measurements from populations living at high altitudes should be viewed with caution. Published 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger)
C1 CDC, NIOSH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, US DHHS, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Taylor, L (reprint author), CDC, NIOSH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM LTaylor@cdc.gov
RI Ashley, Kevin/C-9005-2011
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0271-3586
J9 AM J IND MED
JI Am. J. Ind. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 46
IS 6
BP 656
EP 662
DI 10.1002/ajim.20096
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 876XS
UT WOS:000225532700011
PM 15551370
ER
PT J
AU Joseph, HA
Shrestha-Kuwahara, R
Lowry, D
Lambert, LA
Panlilio, AL
Raucher, BG
Holcombe, JM
Poujade, J
Rasmussen, DM
Wilce, M
AF Joseph, HA
Shrestha-Kuwahara, R
Lowry, D
Lambert, LA
Panlilio, AL
Raucher, BG
Holcombe, JM
Poujade, J
Rasmussen, DM
Wilce, M
TI Factors influencing health care workers' adherence to work site
tuberculosis screening and treatment policies
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; US HOSPITALS;
FOLLOW-UP; PHYSICIANS; INFECTION; PREVENTION; GUIDELINES; OUTBREAK;
THERAPY
AB Background: Despite the known risk of tuberculosis (TB) to health care workers (HCWs), research suggests that many are not fully adherent with local TB infection control policies. The objective of this exploratory study was to identify factors influencing HCWs' adherence to policies for routine tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI).
Methods: Sixteen focus groups were conducted with clinical and nonclinical staff at 2 hospitals and 2 health departments. Participants were segmented by adherence to TST or LTBI treatment policies. In-depth, qualitative analysis was conducted to identify facilitators and barriers to adherence.
Results: Among all focus groups, common themes included the perception that the TST was mandatory, the belief that conducting TSTs at the work site facilitated adherence, and a general misunderstanding about TB epidemiology and pathogenesis. Adherent groups more commonly mentioned facilitators, such as the perception that periodic tuberculin skin testing was protective and the employee health (EH) provision of support services. Barriers, such as the logistic difficulty in obtaining the TST, the perception that LTBI treatment was harmful, and a distrust of EH, emerged consistently in nonadherent groups.
Conclusions: This information may be used to develop more effective interventions for promoting HCW adherence to TB prevention policies. informed efforts can be implemented in coordination with reevaluations of infection control and EH programs that may be prompted by the publication of the revised TB infection control guidelines issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2005.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DTBE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Beth Israel Med Ctr, Dept Infect Control, New York, NY 10003 USA.
Mississippi Dept Hlth, Bur TB & Refugee Hlth, Jackson, MS USA.
Multnomah Cty Hlth Dept, Portland, OR USA.
St Lukes Hosp, Employee Hlth Serv, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Joseph, HA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DTBE, Mailstop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM HJosephI@cdc.gov
NR 26
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0196-6553
J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL
JI Am. J. Infect. Control
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 32
IS 8
BP 456
EP 461
DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2004.06.004
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases
GA 878DZ
UT WOS:000225628000006
PM 15573052
ER
PT J
AU Rein, DB
Anderson, LA
Irwin, KL
AF Rein, DB
Anderson, LA
Irwin, KL
TI Mental health disorders and sexually transmitted diseases in a privately
insured population
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MANAGED CARE
LA English
DT Article
DE \
ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; CHLAMYDIAL
INFECTION; RISK BEHAVIOR; MANAGED CARE; HIV; ADOLESCENTS; PREVENTION;
COST; INTERVENTION
AB Objectives: To consider whether patients who use mental health services in privately insured settings are also more likely to have received sexually transmitted disease (STD) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses and whether this relationship extends to patients with milder mental health disorders.
Methods: Using frequency tables stratified by age and sex, a logistic regression model, and difference of means tests, we examined the relationship between mental health claims and STDs in a sample of 289 604 privately insured people across the United States.
Results: Patients with mental health claims were more than twice as likely as other patients to have an STD claim in the same year after controlling for confounding factors (odds ratio, 2.33; 95% confidence interval, 2.11-2.58). This relationship held for severe and milder mental health diagnoses, for male and female patients, and in each age category from 15 to 44 years. Among women, patients aged 20 to 24 years with a mental health claim had the highest predicted probability of STD diagnoses (3.0%); among men, patients aged 25 to 29 years with a mental health claim had the highest predicted probability of STD diagnoses (1.2%).
Conclusions: In this population, patients with mental health claims were more likely to also have claims with diagnoses for STDs than patients without mental health claims, and this relationship applied to severe and milder mental health disorders. This suggests that people with mental health disorders in privately insured populations may benefit from routine STD risk assessments to identify high-risk patients for referral to cost-effective, preventive services.
C1 RTI Int, Div Hlth Econ Res, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Rein, DB (reprint author), RTI Int, Div Hlth Econ Res, 2951 Flowers Rd S,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM drein@rti.org
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER MED PUBLISHING, M W C COMPANY
PI JAMESBURG
PA 241 FORSGATE DR, STE 102, JAMESBURG, NJ 08831 USA
SN 1088-0224
J9 AM J MANAG CARE
JI Am. J. Manag. Care
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 10
IS 12
BP 917
EP 922
PG 6
WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medicine,
General & Internal
SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine
GA 878DW
UT WOS:000225627700003
PM 15617367
ER
PT J
AU Lashley, S
Calafat, A
Barr, D
Ledoux, T
Hore, P
Lake, M
Robson, M
Smulian, J
AF Lashley, S
Calafat, A
Barr, D
Ledoux, T
Hore, P
Lake, M
Robson, M
Smulian, J
TI Endocrine disruptors in the maternal and fetal compartments
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 25th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine
CY FEB 09-12, 2005
CL Reno, NV
SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med
C1 UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Robert Wood Johnson Univ Hosp, New Brunswick, NJ USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
New Jersey Dept Environm Protect, Div Sci & Res, Risk Assessment & Toxicol Sect, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY, INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA
SN 0002-9378
J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 191
IS 6
SU S
MA 488
BP S140
EP S140
DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.10.390
PG 1
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 882FW
UT WOS:000225925500482
ER
PT J
AU Saraiya, M
Glanz, K
Briss, PA
Nichols, P
White, C
Das, D
Smith, SJ
Tannor, B
Hutchinson, AB
Wilson, KM
Gandhi, N
Lee, NC
Rimer, B
Coates, RC
Kerner, JF
Hiatt, RA
Buffler, P
Rochester, P
AF Saraiya, M
Glanz, K
Briss, PA
Nichols, P
White, C
Das, D
Smith, SJ
Tannor, B
Hutchinson, AB
Wilson, KM
Gandhi, N
Lee, NC
Rimer, B
Coates, RC
Kerner, JF
Hiatt, RA
Buffler, P
Rochester, P
TI Interventions to prevent skin cancer by reducing exposure to ultraviolet
radiation - A systematic review
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Review
ID SUN-PROTECTION BEHAVIORS; CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; RANDOMIZED
CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HEALTH-EDUCATION PROGRAM; BASAL-CELL CARCINOMA; POOL
COOL PROGRAM; SUNSCREEN USE; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; OUTDOOR
WORKERS
AB The relationship between skin cancer and ultraviolet radiation is well established. Behaviors such as seeking shade, avoiding sun exposure during peak hours of radiation, wearing protective clothing, or some combination of these behaviors can provide protection. Sunscreen use alone is not considered an adequate protection against ultraviolet radiation. This report presents the results of systematic reviews of effectiveness, applicability, other harms or benefits, economic evaluations, and barriers to use of selected interventions to prevent skin cancer by reducing exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The Task Force on Community Preventive Services found that education and policy approaches to increasing sun-protective behaviors were effective when implemented in primary schools and in recreational or tourism settings, but found insufficient evidence to determine effectiveness when implemented in other settings, such as child care centers, secondary schools and colleges, and occupational settings. They also found insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of interventions oriented to healthcare settings and providers, media campaigns alone, interventions oriented to parents or caregivers of children, and community-wide multicomponent interventions. The report also provides suggestions for areas for future research. (C) 2004 American journal of Preventive Medicine.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Univ Hawaii, Canc Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
NCI, NIH, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM MSaraiya@cdc.gov
OI Kerner, Jon/0000-0002-8792-3830
NR 252
TC 197
Z9 203
U1 12
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 27
IS 5
BP 422
EP 466
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.08.009
PG 45
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 872KF
UT WOS:000225205400011
PM 15556744
ER
PT J
AU Fielding, JE
Clark, NM
Clymer, J
Dickersin, K
Hinman, AR
Johnson, RL
Land, GH
Nolan, PA
Plough, AL
Pronk, NP
Richling, DE
Rimer, BK
Teutsch, SM
Lawrence, RS
McGinnis, JM
Novick, LF
Evans, CA
Brownson, R
Buffler, PA
England, MJ
Fleming, DW
Fullilove, MT
Guerra, FA
Isham, GJ
Mahan, CS
Mullen, PD
Scrimshaw, SC
Thompson, RS
AF Fielding, JE
Clark, NM
Clymer, J
Dickersin, K
Hinman, AR
Johnson, RL
Land, GH
Nolan, PA
Plough, AL
Pronk, NP
Richling, DE
Rimer, BK
Teutsch, SM
Lawrence, RS
McGinnis, JM
Novick, LF
Evans, CA
Brownson, R
Buffler, PA
England, MJ
Fleming, DW
Fullilove, MT
Guerra, FA
Isham, GJ
Mahan, CS
Mullen, PD
Scrimshaw, SC
Thompson, RS
CA Task Force Community Preventive Se
TI Recommendations to prevent skin cancer by reducing exposure to
ultraviolet radiation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID SUN PROTECTION; CHILDHOOD; CHILDREN
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Fielding, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS-K55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
NR 22
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0749-3797
J9 AM J PREV MED
JI Am. J. Prev. Med.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 27
IS 5
BP 467
EP 470
DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.08.003
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 872KF
UT WOS:000225205400012
ER
PT J
AU Kachur, SP
Khatib, RA
Kaizer, E
Fox, SS
Abdulla, SM
Bloland, PB
AF Kachur, SP
Khatib, RA
Kaizer, E
Fox, SS
Abdulla, SM
Bloland, PB
TI Adherence to antimalarial combination therapy with
sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and artesunate in rural Tanzania
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; HOME TREATMENT;
UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; CHILDREN; CHLOROQUINE; DRUGS; EFFICACY; TRIAL;
ARTEMISININ
AB Artemisinin-containing antimalarial combination therapies are recommended to confront drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Among the questions surrounding whether these complex multidose treatments will be practical is to what extent patients complete the recommended doses. Combination therapy through coadministration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate was introduced as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in one district in Tanzania. Interventions to optimize correct use were also implemented. We observed 453 patient encounters at one health facility and recorded key practices as health workers dispensed the combination. A total of 253 patients were followed-up at 24 or 48 hours. Complete adherence measured at 48 hours reached 75.0%, based on self-report and tablet counts. This is substantially better than reported elsewhere and compares favorably with intervention studies to optimize adherence to chloroquine. Counseling about what to do if a patient vomits appears to have been an independent risk factor for nonadherence.
C1 Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Malaria Branch, Malaria Case Management Unit,Ctr Dis Control & Pr, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Program, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
RP Kachur, SP (reprint author), Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Malaria Branch, Malaria Case Management Unit,Ctr Dis Control & Pr, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM skachur@cdc.gov
NR 36
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 71
IS 6
BP 715
EP 722
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 884ZN
UT WOS:000226125300005
PM 15642960
ER
PT J
AU Mwinzi, PNM
Karanja, DMS
Kareko, I
Magak, PW
Orago, ASS
Colley, DG
Secor, WE
AF Mwinzi, PNM
Karanja, DMS
Kareko, I
Magak, PW
Orago, ASS
Colley, DG
Secor, WE
TI Short report: Evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in persons co-infected with
Schistosoma mansoni and human immunodeficiency virus 1
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID HEPATOSPLENIC DISEASE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES
AB To investigate whether infection with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) affects fibrosis development in patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni, we evaluated schistosomiasis-induced pathology in the livers of Kenyan patients co-infected with HIV-1. Compared with persons with schistosomiasis alone (n = 58), there were no significant differences in distribution of ultrasound-detectable pathology in persons with HIV-1 co-infection (n = 23). Similarly, serum aspartate aminotransferase levels were not significantly different in HIV-1+ individuals. Hepatic fibrosis was associated with significantly decreased CD4+ T cell counts, even in the absence of HIV-1 infection. These data suggest that HIV-1 co-infection does not significantly alter the proportion of patients experiencing schistosomiasis-induced fibrosis, but pathology associated with S. mansoni infections leads to CD4+ T cell reductions and thereby may exacerbate the effects of HIV-1 in co-infected individuals.
C1 Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya.
Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Clin Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya.
Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kenyatta Univ, Dept Zool, Nairobi, Kenya.
Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Secor, WE (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya.
EM was4@cdc.gov
NR 6
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 71
IS 6
BP 783
EP 786
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 884ZN
UT WOS:000226125300017
PM 15642972
ER
PT J
AU Chen, YH
Tenover, FC
Koehler, TM
AF Chen, YH
Tenover, FC
Koehler, TM
TI beta-lactamase gene expression in a penicillin-resistant Bacillus
anthracis strain
SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; STREPTOMYCES-CACAOI; CUTANEOUS ANTHRAX;
TOXIN GENE; TRANSCRIPTION; REGULATOR; PROTEIN; BLAL
AB Expression of the bla1 and bla2 genes in an archetypal Bacillus anthracis strain is insufficient for penicillin resistance. In a penicillin-resistant clinical isolate, both genes are highly transcribed, but bla1 is the major contributor to high-level resistance to ampicillin. Differential expression of the bla genes is dependent upon strain background.
C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Koehler, TM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, 6431 Fannin St,JFB 1-765, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM theresa.m.koehler@uth.tmc.edu
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI033537, AI33537]
NR 36
TC 48
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0066-4804
J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH
JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.
PD DEC
PY 2004
VL 48
IS 12
BP 4873
EP 4877
DI 10.1128/AAC.48.12.4873-4877.2004
PG 5
WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 876CW
UT WOS:000225474500054
PM 15561870
ER
EF