FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU LaKind, JS Berlin, CM Sjodin, A Turner, W Wang, RY Needham, LL Paul, IM Stokes, JL Naiman, DQ Patterson, DG AF LaKind, Judy S. Berlin, Cheston M., Jr. Sjodin, Andreas Turner, Wayman Wang, Richard Y. Needham, Larry L. Paul, Ian M. Stokes, Jennifer L. Naiman, Daniel Q. Patterson, Donald G., Jr. TI Do Human Milk Concentrations of Persistent Organic Chemicals Really Decline During Lactation? Chemical Concentrations During Lactation and Milk/Serum Partitioning SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE blood; breast milk; depuration; dioxins; elimination kinetics; infant exposure; partitioning; PBDEs; PCBs; pesticides ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; HIGH-THROUGHPUT EXTRACTION; BREAST-MILK; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; HUMAN-SERUM; CLEANUP METHOD; CORD SERUM; BLOOD; DIOXINS AB BACKGROUND: Conventional wisdom regarding exposures to persistent organic chemicals via breast-feeding assumes that concentrations decline over the course of lactation and that the mother's body burden reflects her cumulative lifetime exposure. Two important implications stemming from these lines of thought are, first, that assessments of early childhood exposures should incorporate decreasing breast milk concentrations over lactation; and, second, that there is little a breast-feeding mother can do to reduce her infant's exposures via breast-feeding because of the cumulative nature of these chemicals. OBJECTIVES: We examined rates of elimination and milk/serum partition coefficients for several groups of persistent organic chemicals. METHODS: We collected simultaneous milk and blood samples of 10 women at two times postpartum and additional milk samples without matching blood samples. RESULTS: Contrary to earlier research, we found that lipid-adjusted concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, and organochlorine pesticides in serum and milk do not consistently decrease during lactation and can increase for some women. Published research has also suggested an approximate 1: 1 milk/serum relationship (lipid adjusted) on a population basis for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; however, our results suggest a more complex relationship for persistent, lipophilic chemicals with the milk/serum relationship dependent on chemical class. CONCLUSIONS: Decreases in concentration of lipophilic chemicals on a lipid-adjusted basis during lactation should no longer be assumed. Thus, the concept of pumping and discarding early milk as means of reducing infant exposure is not supported. The hypothesis that persistent lipophilic chemicals, on a lipid-adjusted basis, have consistent concentrations across matrices is likely too simplistic. C1 [LaKind, Judy S.] LaKind Associates LLC, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. [LaKind, Judy S.; Berlin, Cheston M., Jr.; Paul, Ian M.; Stokes, Jennifer L.] Penn State Coll Med, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Hershey, PA USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Sjodin, Andreas; Turner, Wayman; Wang, Richard Y.; Needham, Larry L.; Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Naiman, Daniel Q.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, Jasper, GA USA. RP LaKind, JS (reprint author), LaKind Associates LLC, 106 Oakdale Ave, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. EM lakindassoc@comcast.net RI Naiman, Daniel/A-3304-2010; Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010; OI Naiman, Daniel/0000-0001-6504-9081; Paul, Ian/0000-0002-6344-8609 FU Research Foundation for Health and Environmental Effects (RFHEE), Arlington, VA FX Partial support for this research was provided by the Research Foundation for Health and Environmental Effects (RFHEE), Arlington, VA. NR 28 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 23 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 117 IS 10 BP 1625 EP 1631 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900876 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 503JI UT WOS:000270529800041 PM 20019916 ER PT J AU Blount, BC Rich, DQ Valentin-Blasini, L Lashley, S Ananth, CV Murphy, E Smulian, JC Spain, BJ Barr, DB Ledoux, T Hore, P Robson, M AF Blount, Benjamin C. Rich, David Q. Valentin-Blasini, Liza Lashley, Susan Ananth, Cande V. Murphy, Eileen Smulian, John C. Spain, Betty J. Barr, Dana B. Ledoux, Thomas Hore, Paromita Robson, Mark TI Perinatal Exposure to Perchlorate, Thiocyanate, and Nitrate in New Jersey Mothers and Newborns SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; SODIUM-IODIDE SYMPORTER; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; UNITED-STATES; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; RADIOACTIVE IODIDE; ACTIVE-TRANSPORT; THYROID-FUNCTION; NATIONAL-HEALTH AB Perchlorate is a commonly occurring environmental toxicant that maybe transported across the placental barrier by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), possibly resulting in both increased perchlorate exposure and decreased iodide uptake by the fetus. Therefore, we measured levels of three physiologically relevant NIS-inhibitors (perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate) and iodide in maternal and fetal fluids collected during cesarean-section surgeries an 150 U.S. women. Geometric means of perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate levels in maternal urine (2,90, 947, and 47900 mu g/L, respectively) were similar to previously published results, while urinary iodide levels (1420 mu g/L) were significantly higher (p < 0.0001), likely because of prevalent prenatal vitamin use in the study population (74%). Thiocyanate levels were higher in the maternal serum, cord serum, and amniotic fluid of smokers compared to women with environmental tobacco smoke exposure and nonsmokers (p-values of 0.0006, 0.0011, and 0.0026, respectively). Perchlorate was detected in most samples: urine (100%), maternal serum (94%), cord serum (67%), and amniotic fluid (97%). Maternal urinary perchlorate levels were positively correlated with perchlorate levels in amniotic fluid (r = 0.57), indicating that maternal urine perchlorate is an effective biomarker of fetal perchlorate exposure. Maternal serum perchlorate was generally higher than cord serum perchlorate (median ratio 2.41 for paired samples), and maternal urine perchlorate was always higher than fetal amniotic fluid perchlorate levels (mean ratio 22:1); conversely, iodide levels were typically higher in fetal fluids compared to maternal fluids. We found no evidence of either disproportionate perchlorate accumulation or lack of iodide in the fetal compartment In this panel of healthy infants, we found no association between cord blood levels of these anions and newborn weight length, and head circumference. C1 [Blount, Benjamin C.; Valentin-Blasini, Liza; Spain, Betty J.; Barr, Dana B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rich, David Q.; Lashley, Susan; Smulian, John C.; Robson, Mark] UMDNJ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Rich, David Q.; Hore, Paromita; Robson, Mark] UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Ananth, Cande V.] UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Murphy, Eileen; Ledoux, Thomas] New Jersey Dept Environm Protect, Trenton, NJ USA. [Smulian, John C.] Lehigh Valley Hlth Network, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Allentown, PA USA. [Hore, Paromita] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Entomol, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, Piscataway, NJ USA. RP Blount, BC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BBlount@cdc.gov RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 FU NIEHS [T32ES007148, P30ES005022]; NJDEP [SR04-058] FX We thank Janice Menuel, John Morrow,and Marian Lake for technical support. This work was supported by NIEHS Grant T32ES007148 (MR), NIEHS Grant P30ES005022 (MR), and NJDEP Grant SR04-058 (MR). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. NR 46 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 19 BP 7543 EP 7549 DI 10.1021/es9008486 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 498JT UT WOS:000270136500062 PM 19848174 ER PT J AU Parko, K Thurman, DJ AF Parko, Karen Thurman, David J. TI Prevalence of epilepsy and seizures in the Navajo Nation 1998-2002 SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Health disparities; Native American; Global health AB P>Purpose: To determine the prevalence of epilepsy and seizures in the Navajo. Methods: We studied 226,496 Navajo residing in the Navajo Reservation who had at least one medical encounter between October 1, 1998 and September 30, 2002. We ascertained and confirmed cases in two phases. First, we identified patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes signifying epilepsy or seizures using Indian Health Service (IHS) administrative data. Second, we reviewed medical charts of a geographic subpopulation of identified patients to confirm diagnoses and assess the positive predictive value of the ICD-9-CM codes in identifying patients with active epilepsy. Results: Two percent of Navajo receiving IHS care were found to have an ICD-9-CM code consistent with epilepsy or seizures. Based on confirmed cases, the crude prevalence for the occurrence of any seizure (including febrile seizures and recurrent seizures that may have been provoked) in the geographic subpopulation was 13.5 per 1,000 and the crude prevalence of active epilepsy was 9.2 per 1,000. Prevalence was higher among males, children under 5 years of age, and older adults. Discussion: The estimated prevalence of active epilepsy in the Navajo Nation is above the upper limit of the range of reported estimates from other comparable studies of U.S. communities. C1 [Parko, Karen] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Parko, Karen] San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. [Thurman, David J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Epilepsy Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Parko, K (reprint author), 4150 Clement St 127, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. EM Karen.Parko@ucsf.edu OI Thurman, David/0000-0002-0533-7062 FU CDC National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; Indian Health Service Information Technology; Shiprock Service Unit Health Board; Richard Champany DDS; CEO; Northern Navajo Medical Center; National IHS IRB; Navajo Nation Human Research Review Board FX The authors thank the following for their direct assistance: Indian Health Service Information Technology Support Center; Anne Butman, management analyst, DataCom Sciences; Yolinda Cadman; Dr. Nathanial Cobb; Navajo Area medical records department; Northern Navajo Medical Center in Shiprock: Gary Russell-King, in Kayenta: Lorraine Dohi, in Crownpoint: Cynthia Begaye; Clinical pharmacists in the NNMC seizure clinic: Tom Duran, Lauren Dolence, Melissa Stahlecker, Dr. David Labiner, Karla Lindquist, Peter Taylor, and Elena Cherkasova. This work could not have been undertaken without the support from: Duane H. Yazzie and the Shiprock Chapter House; Manuel Morgan and the Shiprock Service Unit Health Board; Richard Champany DDS, CEO, Northern Navajo Medical Center; Phillip Smith, MD, MPH and the National IHS IRB; and Beverly Pigman and the Navajo Nation Human Research Review Board. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD OCT PY 2009 VL 50 IS 10 BP 2180 EP 2185 DI 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02140.x PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 498GW UT WOS:000270126300002 PM 19490040 ER PT J AU Burneo, JG Jette, N Theodore, W Begley, C Parko, K Thurman, DJ Wiebe, S AF Burneo, Jorge G. Jette, Nathalie Theodore, William Begley, Charles Parko, Karen Thurman, David J. Wiebe, Samuel CA Task Force Disparties Epilepsy N Amer Commission Int League TI Disparities in epilepsy: Report of a systematic review by the North American Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Editorial Material DE Epilepsy; Disparity; North America ID TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; PUBLIC ATTITUDES; SOCIAL-SKILLS; SELF-EFFICACY; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; HEALTH; SEIZURES; RACE/ETHNICITY; PREVALENCE AB P>Purpose: We undertook a systematic review of the evidence on disparities in epilepsy with a focus on North American data (Canada, United States, and the English-speaking Caribbean). Methods: We identified and evaluated: access to and outcomes following medical and surgical treatment, disability, incidence and prevalence, and knowledge and attitudes. An exhaustive search (1965-2007) was done, including: (1) disparities by socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity, age, or education of subgroups of the epilepsy population; or (2) disparities between people with epilepsy (PWE) and healthy people or with other chronic illnesses. Results: From 1,455 citations, 278 eligible abstracts were identified and 44 articles were reviewed. Comparative research data were scarce in all areas. PWE have been shown to have lower education and employment status; among PWE, differences in access to surgery have been shown by racial/ethnic groups. Aboriginals, women, and children have been shown to differ in use of health resources. Poor compliance has been shown to be associated with lower SES, insufficient insurance, poor relationship with treating clinicians, and not having regular responsibilities. Discussion: Comprehensive, comparative research on all aspects of disparities in epilepsy is needed to understand the causes of disparities and the development of any policies aimed at addressing health disparities and minimizing their impact. C1 [Burneo, Jorge G.] Univ Western Ontario, Epilepsy Programme, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada. [Jette, Nathalie; Wiebe, Samuel] Univ Calgary, Dept Clin Neurosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Theodore, William] NIH, Epilepsy Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Begley, Charles] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Parko, Karen] Univ Calif San Francisco, US Publ Hlth Serv, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Thurman, David J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Burneo, JG (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Epilepsy Programme, 339 Windermere Rd, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada. EM jburneo2@uwo.ca RI shengkun, yu/B-8440-2012 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 NS002236-32] NR 56 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD OCT PY 2009 VL 50 IS 10 BP 2285 EP 2295 DI 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02282.x PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 498GW UT WOS:000270126300014 PM 19732134 ER PT J AU Benn, EKT Hauser, WA Shih, T Leary, L Bagiella, E Dayan, P Green, R Andrews, H Thurman, DJ Hesdorffer, DC AF Benn, Emma K. T. Hauser, W. Allen Shih, Tina Leary, Linda Bagiella, Emilia Dayan, Peter Green, Robert Andrews, Howard Thurman, David J. Hesdorffer, Dale C. TI Underlying cause of death in incident unprovoked seizures in the urban community of Northern Manhattan, New York City SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Article DE Epilepsy; Epidemiology; Mortality ID SHORT-TERM MORTALITY; EPILEPSY; COHORT AB P>We determined underlying cause-specific mortality for incident unprovoked seizures from Northern Manhattan, New York City. We calculated the case fatality, proportionate mortality, and the underlying cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), with U.S. death rates as the standard. Thirty-two deaths were observed between 2003 and 2007 among 209 participants. Case fatality was significantly lower for idiopathic/cryptogenic seizures versus symptomatic seizures. About 31.3% of the deaths were attributed to malignant neoplasms, 25.0% to diseases of the heart, 15.6% to influenza and pneumonia, 3.1% to cerebrovascular diseases, and 25.0% to other causes. Significant SMRs were observed for all causes (SMR = 1.6), influenza and pneumonia (SMR = 7.1), and malignant neoplasms (SMR = 2.9). Younger cases (< 65 years) had increased SMRs for all causes, malignant neoplasms, and other causes. Older cases (>= 65 years) had increased SMRs for influenza and pneumonia. Underlying cause of death paralleled the underlying cause of seizure in patients with symptomatic etiologies. C1 [Benn, Emma K. T.; Hauser, W. Allen; Hesdorffer, Dale C.] Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Hauser, W. Allen; Hesdorffer, Dale C.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Hauser, W. Allen] Columbia Univ, Dept Neurol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Shih, Tina] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Leary, Linda] Columbia Univ, Dept Neurol & Pediat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Bagiella, Emilia; Andrews, Howard] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Dayan, Peter] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Pediat, Morgan Stanley Childrens Hosp New York Presbyteri, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Green, Robert] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Emergency Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Thurman, David J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hesdorffer, DC (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, P&S Unit 16,630 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM dch5@columbia.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [MM-0322]; Biostatistics Enrichment Summer Training (BEST); Mailman School of Public Health FX This work was supported by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (MM-0322). The authors would like to thank the study participants, as well as Mr. Julio Pina who worked on the study as a summer fellow of the Biostatistics Enrichment Summer Training (BEST) Diversity Program at the Mailman School of Public Health.We confirm that we have read the Journal's position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this report is consistent with those guidelines. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD OCT PY 2009 VL 50 IS 10 BP 2296 EP 2300 DI 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02133.x PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 498GW UT WOS:000270126300015 PM 19490054 ER PT J AU Santos, R Pratt, M Ribeiro, JC Santos, MP Carvalho, J Mota, J AF Santos, R. Pratt, M. Ribeiro, J. C. Santos, M. P. Carvalho, J. Mota, J. TI Walking and body mass index in a portuguese sample of adults: a multilevel analysis SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE walking; physical activity; obesity ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; METAANALYSIS; ASSOCIATION; OVERWEIGHT; INTENSITY; OBESITY; HEALTH; WOMEN AB Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for many chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cross-sectional associations between walking and body mass index (BMI). This study comprised 9991 adults (5723 women), aged 37.8 +/- 9.5 years, from the 2004 Azorean Physical Activity and Health Study. Walking was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and expressed as minutes per week. BMI was calculated from self-reported weight and height. A series of multilevel linear regression models were fitted to assess regression coefficients and s.e. predicting BMI. Results show that, in both genders, and after adjustments for potential confounders, walking was not a significant predictor of BMI. Therefore, our analysis does not extend the findings of earlier studies as it shows no significant associations between walking and BMI, after adjustments for potential confounders. Nevertheless, among Azoreans walking should be encouraged, as walking has other health benefits, beyond controlling obesity. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2009) 63, 1260-1262; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.47; published online 24 June 2009 C1 [Santos, R.; Ribeiro, J. C.; Santos, M. P.; Carvalho, J.; Mota, J.] Univ Porto, Res Ctr Phys Act Hlth & Leisure, Fac Sport, P-4200450 Oporto, Portugal. [Pratt, M.] WHO Collaborating Ctr, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Santos, R (reprint author), Univ Porto, Res Ctr Phys Act Hlth & Leisure, Fac Sport, Rua Dr Placido Costa 91, P-4200450 Oporto, Portugal. EM rutemarinasantos@hotmail.com RI mota, jorge/B-2980-2013; Ribeiro, Jose/L-7487-2013; Carvalho, Joana/L-7948-2013; Santos, Rute/A-6401-2012; Santos, Maria Paula/L-7533-2013 OI mota, jorge/0000-0001-7571-9181; Ribeiro, Jose/0000-0001-6628-4606; Carvalho, Joana/0000-0001-6500-7543; Santos, Rute/0000-0002-7604-5753; Santos, Maria Paula/0000-0002-2182-9841 FU Azorean Government Department of Sports; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PIHM/ESP/49737/03]; [FCT: BD/22587/2005] FX This study was sponsored by the Azorean Government Department of Sports and by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (PIHM/ESP/49737/03). RS is supported by FCT: BD/22587/2005. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 63 IS 10 BP 1260 EP 1262 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2009.47 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 503DZ UT WOS:000270514100014 PM 19550431 ER PT J AU Martellini, JA Cole, AL Venkataraman, N Quinn, GA Svoboda, P Gangrade, BK Pohl, J Sorensen, OE Cole, AM AF Martellini, Julie A. Cole, Amy L. Venkataraman, Nitya Quinn, Gerry A. Svoboda, Pavel Gangrade, Bhushan K. Pohl, Jan Sorensen, Ole E. Cole, Alexander M. TI Cationic polypeptides contribute to the anti-HIV-1 activity of human seminal plasma SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE antigens; epitopes; AIDS; reproductive immunology; viral; antimicrobial ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; SPERM MOTILITY INHIBITOR; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; SEMENOGELIN-I; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; PROTEIN; LACTOFERRIN AB Mucosal surfaces of the reproductive tract as well as their secretions have important roles in preventing sexual transmission of HIV-1. In the current study, the majority of the intrinsic anti-HIV-1 activity of human seminal plasma (SP) was determined to reside in the cationic polypeptide fraction. Antiviral assays utilizing luciferase reporter cells and lymphocytic cells revealed the ability of whole SP to prevent HIV-1 infection, even when SP was diluted 3200-fold. Subsequent fractionation by continuous flow acid-urea (AU)-PAGE and antiviral testing revealed that cationic polypeptides within SP were responsible for the majority of anti-HIV-1 activity. A proteomic approach was utilized to resolve and identify 52 individual cationic polypeptides that contribute to the aggregate anti-HIV-1 activity of SP. One peptide fragment of semenogelin I, termed SG-1, was purified from SP by a multistep chromatographic approach, protein sequenced, and determined to exhibit anti-HIV-1 activity against HIV-1. Anti-HIV-1 activity was transient, as whole SP incubated for prolonged time intervals exhibited a proportional decrease in anti-HIV-1 activity that was directly attributed to the degradation of semenogelin I peptides. Collectively, these results indicate that the cationic polypeptide fraction of SP is active against HIV-1, and that semenogelin-derived peptides contribute to the intrinsic anti-HIV-1 activity of SP.-Martellini, J. A., Cole, A. C., Venkataraman, N., Quinn, G. A., Svoboda, P., Gangrade, B. K., Pohl, J., Sorensen, O. E., Cole, A. M. Cationic polypeptides contribute to the anti-HIV-1 activity of human seminal plasma. FASEB J. 23, 3609-3618 (2009). www.fasebj.org C1 [Martellini, Julie A.; Cole, Amy L.; Venkataraman, Nitya; Quinn, Gerry A.; Cole, Alexander M.] Univ Cent Florida, Burnett Sch Biomed Sci, Biomol Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Svoboda, Pavel; Pohl, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gangrade, Bhushan K.] Ctr Reprod Med, Orlando, FL USA. [Sorensen, Ole E.] Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Div Infect Med, Lund, Sweden. RP Cole, AM (reprint author), 4000 Cent Florida Blvd,Bldg 20,Rm 236, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM ole_e.sorensen@med.lu.se; acole@mail.ucf.edu OI Sorensen, Ole E./0000-0001-8681-6921 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI052017-08, R01 AI052017, R01 AI052017-06, R01 AI052017-07, R01 AI052017-09, R01 AI052017-10] NR 38 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 23 IS 10 BP 3609 EP 3618 DI 10.1096/fj.09-131961 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 501BQ UT WOS:000270354300037 PM 19487309 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Rich, EC Randhawa, G Teutsch, SM Niederhuber, J AF Khoury, Muin J. Rich, Eugene C. Randhawa, Gurvaneet Teutsch, Steven M. Niederhuber, John TI Comparative effectiveness research and genomic medicine: An evolving partnership for 21st century medicine SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE genomics; medicine; comparative effectiveness; evidence-based medicine ID EGAPP WORKING GROUP; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE; WARFARIN; POLICY; RECOMMENDATIONS; ANTICOAGULATION; PREDICTION; GENETICS; CANCER; HEALTH AB The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act has provided resources for comparative effectiveness research that will lead to evidence-based decisions about health and health care choices. Some have voiced concerns that evidence-based comparative effectiveness research principles are only relevant to "average" patients and not as much to individuals with unique combinations of genes, exposures and disease outcomes, intrinsic to genomic medicine. In this commentary, we argue that comparative effectiveness research and genomic medicine not only can and should coexist but also they will increasingly benefit front each other. The promise and success of genomic medicine will depend on rigorous comparative effectiveness research to compare outcomes for genome-based applications in practice to traditional non-genome-based approaches. In addition, the success of comparative effectiveness research will depend on developing new methods and clinical research infrastructures to integrate genome-based personalized perspectives into point of care decisions by patients and providers. There is a need to heal the apparent schism between genomic medicine and comparative effectiveness research to enhance knowledge-driven practice of medicine in the 21st century. Genet Aled 2009:11(10):707-711. C1 [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.; Niederhuber, John] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rich, Eugene C.] Assoc Amer Med Coll, Washington, DC USA. [Randhawa, Gurvaneet] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. [Teutsch, Steven M.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mkhoury@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 11 IS 10 BP 707 EP 711 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181b99b90 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 515EK UT WOS:000271449800003 PM 19752739 ER PT J AU Goins, R Spencer, S McGuire, LC Henderson, JA Wen, Y Goldberg, J AF Goins, R. Spencer, S. McGuire, L. C. Henderson, J. A. Wen, Y. Goldberg, J. TI ADULT CAREGIVING AMONG AMERICAN INDIANS: THE ROLE OF CULTURAL INDICATORS SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goins, R.] W Virginia Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Aging, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Spencer, S.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [McGuire, L. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Healthy Aging Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Henderson, J. A.; Wen, Y.] Black Hills Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Rapid City, SD USA. [Goldberg, J.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Goldberg, J.] Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 109 EP 109 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UI UT WOS:000271793900512 ER PT J AU Wu, B Wei, L Liang, J AF Wu, B. Wei, L. Liang, J. TI GENDER VARIATIONS IN THE ONSET OF FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS: DO BLACK, HISPANIC, AND WHITE AMERICANS DIFFER? SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wu, B.] Univ N Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. [Liang, J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wei, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 111 EP 111 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UI UT WOS:000271793900521 ER PT J AU Kruger, J AF Kruger, J. TI HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS IN HEALTHY COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTS SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kruger, J.] CDC, PAHB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 135 EP 135 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UI UT WOS:000271793900632 ER PT J AU Brown, M McGuire, L Toal, S Burgio, L AF Brown, M. McGuire, L. Toal, S. Burgio, L. TI DEVELOPING AN ACTION GUIDE TO ASSIST WITH MOVING CAREGIVING INTERVENTIONS INTO PRACTICE SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brown, M.; McGuire, L.] CDC, Healthy Aging Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burgio, L.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Toal, S.] SB Toal, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 201 EP 201 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UI UT WOS:000271793900951 ER PT J AU McGuire, L Bouldin, E Andresen, E Anderson, L AF McGuire, L. Bouldin, E. Andresen, E. Anderson, L. TI A SNAPSHOT OF THE HEALTH OF CAREGIVERS IN HAWAII, KANSAS, AND WASHINGTON, BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS 2007 SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McGuire, L.; Anderson, L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bouldin, E.; Andresen, E.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 224 EP 224 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100096 ER PT J AU Barnes, LL Wilson, RS Hebert, LE Scherr, PA Evans, DA de Leon, CFM AF Barnes, L. L. Wilson, R. S. Hebert, L. E. Scherr, P. A. Evans, D. A. de Leon, C. F. Mendes TI RACE, EDUCATION, AND HEALTH IN LATE LIFE SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Barnes, L. L.; Wilson, R. S.; Hebert, L. E.; Evans, D. A.; de Leon, C. F. Mendes] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Scherr, P. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 231 EP 232 PG 2 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100129 ER PT J AU Li, J Zhao, G Pollack, L Lee, J Joseph, D AF Li, J. Zhao, G. Pollack, L. Lee, J. Joseph, D. TI THE USE OF PSA TEST AMONG MEN AGED 75 YEARS AND OLDER IN THE UNITED STATES: FINDINGS FROM THE 2006 BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM DATA SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Li, J.; Zhao, G.; Pollack, L.; Lee, J.; Joseph, D.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 243 EP 243 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100183 ER PT J AU Dwyer, LL Caffrey, C Jones, A Sengupta, M Moss, A Harris-Kojetin, L AF Dwyer, L. L. Caffrey, C. Jones, A. Sengupta, M. Moss, A. Harris-Kojetin, L. TI NATIONAL HOME AND HOSPICE CARE SURVEY: PATIENT DATA SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dwyer, L. L.; Caffrey, C.; Jones, A.; Sengupta, M.; Moss, A.; Harris-Kojetin, L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth Care Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 259 EP 259 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100258 ER PT J AU Cheng, YJ de Rekeneire, N Caspersen, C AF Cheng, Y. J. de Rekeneire, N. Caspersen, C. TI CHANGE IN RATE OF SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE AMONG US OLDER ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETES: 1997-2004 SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cheng, Y. J.; Caspersen, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [de Rekeneire, N.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. RI Caspersen, Carl/B-2494-2009 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100425 ER PT J AU Kruger, J Loustalot, F AF Kruger, J. Loustalot, F. TI PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES FOR OLDER AMERICANS SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kruger, J.; Loustalot, F.] CDC, PAHB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100423 ER PT J AU Zhao, G Ford, ES Li, C Balluz, LS AF Zhao, G. Ford, E. S. Li, C. Balluz, L. S. TI ARE US OLDER ADULTS WITH DIAGNOSED DIABETES MEETING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS? SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zhao, G.; Ford, E. S.; Li, C.; Balluz, L. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100424 ER PT J AU Kirtland, K Caspersen, C Zack, M AF Kirtland, K. Caspersen, C. Zack, M. TI PROJECTING THE NEED FOR STATE-BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROGRAMS FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH DIABETES SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kirtland, K.] Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kirtland, K.; Caspersen, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zack, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Caspersen, Carl/B-2494-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 295 EP 295 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100426 ER PT J AU Magaziner, J Anderson, L AF Magaziner, J. Anderson, L. TI CREATIVE APPROACHES TO PREVENTION AND HEALTHY AGING SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Magaziner, J.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Anderson, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 332 EP 332 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100610 ER PT J AU Sambhara, P AF Sambhara, P. TI MODULATING INNATE IMMUNITY IN OLDER ADULTS TO ENHANCE DISEASE RESISTANCE AND VACCINE EFFICACY SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sambhara, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 346 EP 346 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100678 ER PT J AU McGuire, L Strine, T Anderson, L AF McGuire, L. Strine, T. Anderson, L. TI CHRONIC DISEASE AND HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AS A FUNCTION OF DEPRESSION SYMPTOMS, 2003 BRFSS SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McGuire, L.; Strine, T.; Anderson, L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 351 EP 352 PG 2 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100704 ER PT J AU Dellinger, A AF Dellinger, A. TI PEARLS AND PERILS OF LONGITUDINAL DATASETS: PERSPECTIVES FROM AN EPIDEMIOLOGIST SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dellinger, A.] CDC, Injury Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 362 EP 362 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100758 ER PT J AU Stevens, JA AF Stevens, J. A. TI BUILDING THE AGENDA: THE BURDEN AND IMPACT OF FALL INJURIES SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stevens, J. A.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 SU 2 BP 381 EP 381 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UK UT WOS:000271794100852 ER PT J AU Perkins, M Adelman, R Furlow, C Sweatman, WM Baird, J AF Perkins, M. Adelman, R. Furlow, C. Sweatman, W. M. Baird, J. TI FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TURNOVER IN ASSISTED LIVING: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Perkins, M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sweatman, W. M.; Baird, J.] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Adelman, R.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Furlow, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 BP 465 EP 465 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UL UT WOS:000271794200284 ER PT J AU Day, K Wu, B Friedman, DB McGuire, L Laditka, SB Laditka, JN Hunter, R Anderson, L AF Day, K. Wu, B. Friedman, D. B. McGuire, L. Laditka, S. B. Laditka, J. N. Hunter, R. Anderson, L. TI PHYSICIAN BELIEFS AND PRACTICES FOR REDUCING RISKS OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: A LARGE NATIONAL SURVEY SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Day, K.; McGuire, L.; Anderson, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Healthy Aging Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wu, B.] Univ N Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. [Friedman, D. B.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Laditka, S. B.; Laditka, J. N.] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Hunter, R.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 BP 481 EP 481 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UL UT WOS:000271794200359 ER PT J AU McGuire, L Brown, M AF McGuire, L. Brown, M. TI THE NEED FOR TRANSLATING EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS: WHAT DO THE DATA TELL US ABOUT THE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF CAREGIVERS? SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McGuire, L.; Brown, M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 BP 484 EP 484 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UL UT WOS:000271794200374 ER PT J AU McGuire, L AF McGuire, L. TI REACH OUT: THE BENEFIT OF ACTION GUIDES FOR TRANSLATING EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS FOR CAREGIVERS SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McGuire, L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 BP 484 EP 484 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UL UT WOS:000271794200373 ER PT J AU Toal, SB AF Toal, S. B. TI DEVELOPING AN ACTION GUIDE TO TRANSLATE A CAREGIVING INTERVENTION SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Toal, S. B.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 BP 484 EP 485 PG 2 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UL UT WOS:000271794200376 ER PT J AU de Leon, CFM Cagney, KA Rajan, K Barnes, LL Scherr, PA Evans, DA AF de Leon, C. F. Mendes Cagney, K. A. Rajan, K. Barnes, L. L. Scherr, P. A. Evans, D. A. TI NEIGHBORHOOD COHESION AND DISORDER IN RELATION TO CHANGE IN DISABILITY SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [de Leon, C. F. Mendes; Rajan, K.; Barnes, L. L.; Evans, D. A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Cagney, K. A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Hlth Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Scherr, P. A.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 BP 501 EP 501 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UL UT WOS:000271794200447 ER PT J AU Wadley, VG Unverzagt, FW McGuire, LC Moy, CS Kissela, B McClure, LA Crowe, M Howard, VJ AF Wadley, V. G. Unverzagt, F. W. McGuire, L. C. Moy, C. S. Kissela, B. McClure, L. A. Crowe, M. Howard, V. J. TI REGIONAL DISPARITIES IN INCIDENT COGNITIVE DECLINE: THE REGARDS STUDY SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wadley, V. G.; McClure, L. A.; Crowe, M.; Howard, V. J.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. [Unverzagt, F. W.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [McGuire, L. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Healthy Aging Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moy, C. S.] NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kissela, B.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 BP 524 EP 524 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 519UL UT WOS:000271794200565 ER PT J AU Harvey, SM Kraft, JM West, SG Taylor, AB Pappas-DeLuca, KA Beckman, LJ AF Harvey, S. Marie Kraft, Joan Marie West, Stephen G. Taylor, Aaron B. Pappas-DeLuca, Katina A. Beckman, Linda J. TI Effects of a Health Behavior Change Model-Based HIV/STI Prevention Intervention on Condom Use Among Heterosexual Couples: A Randomized Trial SO HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV prevention; STI prevention; couple-based intervention; health behavior model ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; HIV-PREVENTION; MULTIETHNIC NEIGHBORHOODS; DECISION-MAKING; RISK BEHAVIOR; UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; POWER; AIDS; DISPARITIES AB This study examines an intervention for heterosexual couples to prevent human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted infections. It also evaluates the effect of the intervention, which is based on current models of health behavior change, on intermediate outcomes (individual and relationship factors) and consistency of condom use. Eligible couples were administered a baseline interview and randomized to either a 3-session theory-based intervention or a 1-session standard of care comparison condition. Men and women completed 3-month interviews; only women completed 6-month interviews. No significant intervention effect on condom use was found among couples at 3 months (n = 212) or among women (n = 178) at 6 months. However, condom use increased significantly between baseline and 3 months and baseline and 6 months for participants in both treatment conditions. Intervention effects on condom use self-efficacy were found at 3 months and 6 months and on health-protective communication at 3 months. These findings provide valuable information for the design of future studies to help disentangle the effects of intervening with couples. C1 [Harvey, S. Marie] Oregon State Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kraft, Joan Marie; Pappas-DeLuca, Katina A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [West, Stephen G.; Taylor, Aaron B.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Psychol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Beckman, Linda J.] Alliant Univ, Alhambra, CA USA. RP Harvey, SM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM marie.harvey@oregonstate.edu NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1090-1981 J9 HEALTH EDUC BEHAV JI Health Educ. Behav. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 36 IS 5 BP 878 EP 894 DI 10.1177/1090198108322821 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 502JG UT WOS:000270454300005 PM 18784350 ER PT J AU Livingston, S Bruden, DL Townshend-Bulson, LJ Homan, CE McMahon, BJ Pawlotsky, JM Chevaliez, S Bruce, M Rosen, HR Gretch, DR AF Livingston, Stephen Bruden, Dana L. Townshend-Bulson, Lisa J. Homan, Chriss E. McMahon, Brian J. Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel Chevaliez, Stephane Bruce, Michael Rosen, Hugo R. Gretch, David R. TI GENOTYPE 1 VERSUS GENOTYPES 2 AND 3, FEMALE GENDER AND YOUNGER AGE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH RECOVERY FROM HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION IN ALASKA NATIVE AND AMERICAN INDIAN PERSONS SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY OCT 30-NOV 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Livingston, Stephen; Townshend-Bulson, Lisa J.; Homan, Chriss E.; McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Natve Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bruden, Dana L.; McMahon, Brian J.; Bruce, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel; Chevaliez, Stephane] French Natl Reference Ctr Viral Hepatitis B C & D, Creteil, France. [Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel; Chevaliez, Stephane] Univ Paris 12, Hop Henri Mondor, F-94010 Creteil, France. [Rosen, Hugo R.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Denver, CO USA. [Gretch, David R.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2009 VL 50 IS 4 MA 81 BP 342A EP 342A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 502JV UT WOS:000270456000082 ER PT J AU Golden-Mason, L Palmer, BE Kassam, N Townshend-Bulson, LJ Livingston, S McMahon, BJ Kuchroo, V Gretch, DR Rosen, HR AF Golden-Mason, Lucy Palmer, Brent E. Kassam, Nasim Townshend-Bulson, Lisa J. Livingston, Stephen McMahon, Brian J. Kuchroo, Vijay Gretch, David R. Rosen, Hugo R. TI NEGATIVE IMMUNE REGULATOR TIM-3 IS OVEREXPRESSED ON INTRAHEPATIC AND PERIPHERAL T CELLS IN CHRONIC HCV INFECTION AND ITS BLOCKADE RESCUES DYSFUNCTIONAL CD4+AND CD8+T CELLS SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY OCT 30-NOV 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Golden-Mason, Lucy; Palmer, Brent E.; Rosen, Hugo R.] Univ Colorado HSC, Aurora, CO USA. [Kassam, Nasim; Kuchroo, Vijay] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Neurol Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Townshend-Bulson, Lisa J.; Livingston, Stephen; McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Gretch, David R.] Univ Washington, Div Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2009 VL 50 IS 4 MA 178 BP 387A EP 387A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 502JV UT WOS:000270456000179 ER PT J AU Avery, JR King, H Reichert, PE Yu, YY Nickell, S AF Avery, Jacqueline R. King, Hope Reichert, Phillip E. Yu, Ying-Ying Nickell, Steve TI PREVENTING LIVER DISEASE BY VACCINATING HIGH-RISK ADULTS FOR HBV SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY OCT 30-NOV 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [Avery, Jacqueline R.; King, Hope] CDC, DVH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reichert, Phillip E.] Florida Dept Hlth, Hepatitis Prevent Program, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Yu, Ying-Ying] Calif Dept Hlth, STD Control Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Nickell, Steve] Calif Dept Hlth, Imminizat Branch, Richmond, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2009 VL 50 IS 4 MA 743 BP 652A EP 653A PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 502JV UT WOS:000270456000742 ER PT J AU McMahon, BJ Bulkow, L Livingston, S Homan, CE Negus, S Snowball, M Chaves, SS Hu, D Bruce, M AF McMahon, Brian J. Bulkow, Lisa Livingston, Stephen Homan, Chriss E. Negus, Susan Snowball, Mary Chaves, Sandra S. Hu, Dale Bruce, Michael TI PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B "E" ANTIGEN NEGATIVE ACTIVE HEPATITIS IN ALASKA NATIVE PERSONS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B INFECTION: A PROSPECTIVE 7 YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 60th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY OCT 30-NOV 03, 2009 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis C1 [McMahon, Brian J.; Livingston, Stephen; Homan, Chriss E.; Negus, Susan; Snowball, Mary] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [McMahon, Brian J.; Bulkow, Lisa; Bruce, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Chaves, Sandra S.; Hu, Dale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 2009 VL 50 IS 4 MA 1441 BP 967A EP 967A PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 502JV UT WOS:000270456001437 ER PT J AU Lepus, CM Gibson, TF Gerber, SA Kawikova, I Szczepanik, M Hossain, J Ablamunits, V Kirkiles-Smith, N Herold, KC Donis, RO Bothwell, AL Pober, JS Harding, MJ AF Lepus, Christin M. Gibson, Thomas F. Gerber, Scott A. Kawikova, Ivana Szczepanik, Marian Hossain, Jaber Ablamunits, Vitaly Kirkiles-Smith, Nancy Herold, Kevan C. Donis, Ruben O. Bothwell, Alfred L. Pober, Jordan S. Harding, Martha J. TI Comparison of human fetal liver, umbilical cord blood, and adult blood hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in NOD-scid/gamma c(-/-), Balb/c-Rag1(-/-)gamma c(-/-), and C.B-17-scid/bg immunodeficient mice SO HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hematopoietic stem cell; Mouse model; Human immune system development; Delayed-type hypersensitivity; Isotype switching ID SCID IL2R-GAMMA(NULL) MICE; RECEPTOR-GAMMA CHAIN; MOUSE MODEL; T-CELLS; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; RHEUMATOID-FACTOR; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; CD34(+) CELLS; HU MOUSE; B-CELLS AB Immunodeficient mice bearing components of a human immune system present a novel approach for studying human immune responses. We investigated the number, phenotype, developmental kinetics, and function of developing human immune cells following transfer of CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) preparations originating from second trimester human fetal liver (HFL), umbilical cord blood (UCB), or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized adult blood (G-CSF-AB) delivered via intrahepatic injection into sublethally irradiated neonatal NOD-scid/gamma c(-/-), Balb/c-Rag1(-/-)gamma c(-/-), and C.B-17-scid/bg mice. HFL and UCB HSC provided the greatest number and breadth of developing cells. NOD-scid/gamma c(-/-) and Balb/c-Rag1(-/-)gamma c(-/-) harbored human B and dendritic cells as well as human platelets in peripheral blood, whereas NOD-scid/gamma c(-/-) mice harbored higher levels of human T cells. NOD-scid/gamma c(-/-) mice engrafted with HFL CD34(+) HSC demonstrated human immunological competence evidenced by white pulp expansion and increases in total human immunoglobulin following immunization with T-dependent antigens and delayed-type hypersensitivity-infiltrating leukocytes in response to antigenic challenge. In conclusion, we describe an encouraging base system for studying human hematopoietic lineage development and function utilizing human HFL or UCB HSC-engrafted NOD-scid/gamma c(-/-) mice that is well suited for future studies toward the development of a fully competent humanized mouse model. (C) 2009 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lepus, Christin M.; Harding, Martha J.] Yale Univ, Comparat Med Sect, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06509 USA. [Gibson, Thomas F.; Gerber, Scott A.; Kawikova, Ivana; Ablamunits, Vitaly; Kirkiles-Smith, Nancy; Herold, Kevan C.; Bothwell, Alfred L.; Pober, Jordan S.] Yale Univ, Dept Immunobiol, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06509 USA. [Szczepanik, Marian] Dept Human Dev Biol, Krakow, Poland. [Szczepanik, Marian] Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Krakow, Poland. [Hossain, Jaber; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pober, Jordan S.] Yale Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06509 USA. [Pober, Jordan S.] Yale Univ, Dept Dermatol, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06509 USA. RP Harding, MJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Comparat Med Sect, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06509 USA. EM martha.harding@yale.edu FU NIH [P01-HL070295] FX We thank Dr. Leonard Shultz, Jackson Laboratories, and Dr. Drew Pardoll, Johns Hopkins University for the donations of breeding pairs of NOD-scid/gamma-/- and Balb/c-Rag1 gamma-/- mice, respectively; Drs. Li Wen and Sara Rockwell for the donations of control NOD and Balb/c mice, respectively; Dr. Bradford Poulos of the Human Fetal Tissue Repository, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, for human fetal liver tissue; Dr. Diane Krause and Wendy Haskell at the Yale Center of Excellence in Molecular Hematology (NIH No. DK0724429) for G-CSF-AB-isolex cells: Labor and Birth Yale-New Haven Hospital staff and Ann Marie Franco for UCB cells; Paul Bonjiorni for assistance with irradiation; and Lisa Gras, Louise Benson and Michelle Benevento for assistance with mice. Helpful discussions with Drs. Elizabeth Eynon, Anthony Rongvaux, Tim Willinger, and Diane Krause are also gratefully acknowledged. This study was supported by the Section of Comparative Medicine and NIH Grant P01-HL070295. MJH is the recipient of a Research Scholar Award from the American Gastroenterology Association. NR 44 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0198-8859 J9 HUM IMMUNOL JI Hum. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 70 IS 10 BP 790 EP 802 DI 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.06.005 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 503YI UT WOS:000270577900005 PM 19524633 ER PT J AU Hughes, MA Burns, DL Juris, SJ Tang, WJ Clement, KH Eaton, LJ Kelly-Cirino, CD Mckee, ML Powell, BS Bishop, BL Rudge, TL Shine, N Verma, A Willis, MS Morse, SA AF Hughes, Molly A. Burns, Drusilla L. Juris, Stephen J. Tang, Wei-Jen Clement, Kristin H. Eaton, Linda J. Kelly-Cirino, Cassandra D. McKee, Marian L. Powell, Bradford S. Bishop, Brian L. Rudge, Thomas L. Shine, Nancy Verma, Anita Willis, Melissa Swope Morse, Stephen A. TI The Case for Developing Consensus Standards for Research in Microbial Pathogenesis: Bacillus anthracis Toxins as an Example SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PUBLIC-HEALTH MANAGEMENT; RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; LETHAL TOXIN; BIOLOGICAL WEAPON; TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSES; MURINE MACROPHAGES; GENE ONTOLOGY; EDEMA TOXIN; CELL-TYPE; A TOXIN C1 [Hughes, Molly A.] Univ Virginia Hlth Sci Syst, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Burns, Drusilla L.; Verma, Anita] US FDA, Lab Resp & Special Pathogens Ctr, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Juris, Stephen J.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Juris, Stephen J.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Chem, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Tang, Wei-Jen; Bishop, Brian L.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Integrat Sci, Ben May Dept Canc Res, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Clement, Kristin H.; Rudge, Thomas L.] Battelle Biomed Res Ctr, Battelle Mem Inst, W Jefferson, OH 43162 USA. [Eaton, Linda J.; Shine, Nancy] List Biol Labs Inc, Campbell, CA 95008 USA. [Kelly-Cirino, Cassandra D.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Biodefense Lab,David Axelrod Inst, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [McKee, Marian L.; Willis, Melissa Swope] ATCC, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Powell, Bradford S.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Morse, Stephen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bioterrorism Preparedness & Response, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hughes, MA (reprint author), Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, POB 800513, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM mah3x@virginia.edu OI Tang, Wei-Jen/0000-0002-8267-8995; Kelly-Cirino, Cassandra/0000-0002-4526-8487 NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 77 IS 10 BP 4182 EP 4186 DI 10.1128/IAI.00368-09 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 496ER UT WOS:000269952800002 PM 19651858 ER PT J AU McKinney, W Chen, B Frazer, D AF McKinney, Walter Chen, Bean Frazer, Dave TI Computer controlled multi-walled carbon nanotube inhalation exposure system SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbon nanotube; inhalation exposure; exposure system; computer control; particle generation; particle distribution; feedback control ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLES AB Inhalation exposure systems are necessary tools for determining the dose-response relationship of inhaled toxicants under a variety of exposure conditions. The objective of this project was to develop an automated computer controlled system to expose small laboratory animals to precise concentrations of airborne multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). An aerosol generator was developed which was capable of suspending a respirable fraction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes from bulk material. The output of the generator was used to expose small laboratory animals to constant aerosol concentrations up to 12 mg/m(3). Particle distribution and morphology of the MWCNT aerosol delivered to the exposure chamber were measured and compared to samples previously taken from air inside a facility that produces MWCNT. The comparison showed the MWCNT generator was producing particles similar in size and shape to those found in a work environment. The inhalation exposure system combined air flow controllers, particle monitors, data acquisition devices, and custom software with automatic feedback control to achieve constant and repeatable exposure chamber temperature, relative humidity, pressure, aerosol concentration, and particle size distribution. The automatic control algorithm was capable of maintaining the mean aerosol concentration to within 0.1 mg/m(3) of the selected target value, and it could reach 95% of the target value in less than 10 minutes during the start-up of an inhalation exposure. One of the major advantages of this system was that once the exposure parameters were selected, a minimum amount of operator intervention was required over the exposure period. C1 [McKinney, Walter; Chen, Bean; Frazer, Dave] CDC NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP McKinney, W (reprint author), NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM wdm9@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 21 IS 12 BP 1053 EP 1061 DI 10.1080/08958370802712713 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 543YZ UT WOS:000273619200010 PM 19555230 ER PT J AU Kazerouni, NN Shah, N Lathrop, S Landen, MG AF Kazerouni, N. Neely Shah, N. Lathrop, S. Landen, M. G. TI Non-firearm-related homicide, New Mexico, 2001-3 SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-CITY; UNITED-STATES; ALCOHOL-USE; VIOLENCE; VICTIMS; SUICIDE; DEATHS; URBANIZATION; DETERMINANTS; UPDATE AB Objective: New Mexico (NM) has the highest rate of non-firearm-related homicide in the USA and ranks 20th in firearm-related homicides. Because non-firearm-related homicides are inadequately described in the literature, characterisation of non-firearm-related homicide victims will enhance efforts to reduce homicides. Methods: Homicide victims were identified through the Office of the Medical Investigator. Age-specific and age-adjusted homicide death rates were calculated for 2001-3 by sex and race/ethnicity, and associations between covariates and non-firearm-related homicide were measured. Results: Non-firearm-related homicides comprised 33% of US homicide victims, 47% of NM homicide victims, and 74% of NM American Indian (AI) homicide victims. Of 212 NM non-firearm-related homicide victims, 37% had been beaten, 32% had been stabbed, and 12% had been strangled. Females comprised 30% of non-firearm-related homicide victims and 18% of firearm-related homicide victims. A blood alcohol concentration (BAC) >= 0.08 mg/dl was detected among 43% of non-firearm-related (61% of AI) and 33% of firearm-related (50% of AI) homicide victims. Non-firearm-related homicide rates were highest among AI men aged 25-34 years (31/100 000). Non-firearm-related homicide victims were more likely than firearm-related victims to be AI (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.20; 95% CI 2.16 to 8.16) and female (AOR 2.05; 95% CI 1.27 to 3.31), and to have had a BAC >= 0.08 mg/dl (AOR 1.65; 95% CI 1.08 to 2.52). Conclusions: Homicide-prevention efforts among AIs in NM should focus on non-firearm-related homicides. The association between excessive drinking and non-firearm-related homicide should be further characterised. Continued surveillance for non-firearm-related homicides will assist these efforts. C1 [Kazerouni, N. Neely; Shah, N.; Landen, M. G.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Epidemiol & Response Div, Santa Fe, NM 87502 USA. [Kazerouni, N. Neely] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lathrop, S.] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Off Med Investigator, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Landen, MG (reprint author), New Mexico Dept Hlth, Epidemiol & Response Div, 1190 St Francis Dr N1320,POB 26110, Santa Fe, NM 87502 USA. EM michael.landen@state.nm.us NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 15 IS 5 BP 317 EP 321 DI 10.1136/ip.2008.020180 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 502UJ UT WOS:000270485400006 PM 19805600 ER PT J AU Halpin, J Greenspan, AI Haileyesus, T Annest, JL AF Halpin, J. Greenspan, A. I. Haileyesus, T. Annest, J. L. TI The effect of counting principal and secondary injuries on national estimates of motor vehicle-related trauma: a NEISS-AIP special study SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE INJURIES; UNITED-STATES AB Objective: To demonstrate the effect of including both principal and secondary injuries in the calculation of national estimates of non-fatal motor vehicle-related injury, using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP). Methods: The setting was a stratified sample of 15 US hospital emergency departments selected among 50 NEISS-AIP hospitals which agreed to participate in the study. Non-fatal injury data from a special study of the 2004 NEISS-AIP were analysed which allowed up to five injuries to be coded per case. National estimates of number and rate of injuries for 2004 were calculated, first using principal injuries alone, then by including principal and secondary injuries. Results: An estimated 4 833 626 principal and secondary injuries were sustained by the estimated 2 893 782 motor vehicle occupants involved in a crash and treated in US hospital emergency departments (EDs) in 2004. This represents a 67% increase in the total number of injuries compared with an estimate of principal injury alone. Incidence of contusions/abrasions and lower trunk injuries rose most steeply among broad injury types, and whiplash injury rose 18% in number and rate. A significantly lower percentage of cases with a single listed injury were hospitalised (5%) compared with those who sustained multiple injuries (8%). Conclusions: Based on an analysis of NEISS-AIP special study data, the inclusion of both principal and secondary injuries in national estimates of motor vehicle-related occupant injury would provide a more comprehensive report of non-fatal injuries treated in US hospital EDs. Other countries with ED-based surveillance systems could consider reporting multiple injuries when assessing injury count associated with motor vehicle trauma requiring ED care. C1 [Halpin, J.; Greenspan, A. I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Haileyesus, T.; Annest, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Stat & Programming, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Halpin, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jhalpin@cdc.gov FU National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was partially funded by the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 15 IS 5 BP 328 EP 333 DI 10.1136/ip.2009.021691 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 502UJ UT WOS:000270485400008 PM 19805602 ER PT J AU Powell, K Huang, L AF Powell, Krista Huang, Laurence TI The ART of caring for patients with HIV infection in the ICU SO INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; ERA; SURVIVAL; OUTCOMES; VENTILATION; PNEUMONIA; MORTALITY C1 [Powell, Krista] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Powell, Krista] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Huang, Laurence] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div HIV AIDS, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Huang, Laurence] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Powell, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kpow05@gmail.com RI Andrade, Hugo/M-6631-2013; OI Andrade, Hugo/0000-0001-6781-6125; Huang, Laurence/0000-0003-3888-2195 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [K24 HL087713] NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-4642 J9 INTENS CARE MED JI Intensive Care Med. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 35 IS 10 BP 1659 EP 1661 DI 10.1007/s00134-009-1578-1 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 498VD UT WOS:000270171900002 PM 19636534 ER PT J AU Pierik, FH Deddens, JA Burdorf, A Keizer-Schrama, SMPFD de Jong, FH Weber, RFA AF Pierik, Frank H. Deddens, James A. Burdorf, Alex Keizer-Schrama, Sabine M. P. F. de Muinck de Jong, Frank H. Weber, Rob F. A. TI The hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis in boys during the first six months of life: a comparison of cryptorchidism and hypospadias cases with controls SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE AHM; cryptorchidism; FSH; hypospadias; inhibin B; LH; newborn boys; testosterone ID SERUM INHIBIN-B; ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE; FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; BINDING GLOBULIN; ADULT MEN; TESTOSTERONE; INFANTS; PUBERTY; SPERMATOGENESIS AB P>It is inconclusive whether the feedback mechanisms of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis (HTP) axis are already established in the first 6 months of life, partly due to the dramatic changes in HPT-axis hormone levels over this period. Moreover, it is unclear whether these hormone levels are aberrant in boys with cryptorchidism or hypospadias, and therefore predictive for future fertility. We studied the regulation mechanisms of the HTP axis, and the effect of age, in boys 1-6 months of age. Secondly, we studied testicular function - as reflected by HPT hormones - in newborns with cryptorchidism or hypospadias. Sera from a population sample of infants with cryptorchidism (n = 43), hypospadias (n = 41) and controls (n = 113) were analyzed for inhibin B, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). LH, testosterone, non-shbg-bound testosterone (NSBT), and AHM levels showed significant age-related trends. After age-correction, a negative correlation between FSH and inhibin B was observed (r = -0.43). The only significant group-differences were lower testosterone and NSBT levels in cryptorchidism cases, with a mean testosterone of 1.8 and 2.6 nmol/L and a mean NSBT of 0.48 and 0.70 nmol/L for cryptorchidism cases and controls, respectively. The higher levels of LH, testosterone, and NSBT in boys born pre-term or with a low birthweight indicate that abnormal prenatal development may determine postnatal testis function. Our results support the hypothesis that the inhibin B - FSH feedback loop is already functional before puberty. The lower testosterone and NSBT levels indicate that disturbed Leydig cell function can already be detected early after birth in cryptorchid boys. C1 [Pierik, Frank H.; Weber, Rob F. A.] Erasmus MC, Dept Androl, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Pierik, Frank H.; Burdorf, Alex] Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Deddens, James A.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Keizer-Schrama, Sabine M. P. F. de Muinck] Erasmus MC, Dept Pediat Endocrinol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [de Jong, Frank H.] Erasmus MC, Dept Internal Med, Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP Pierik, FH (reprint author), TNO Environm Hlth & Safety, Dept Environm & Hlth, POB 49, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands. EM frank.pierik@tno.nl RI Burdorf, Alex/A-2226-2008; Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010 OI Burdorf, Alex/0000-0003-3129-2862; Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X FU European Chemical Industry Council (EMSG-CEFIC) FX The Endocrine Modulators Study Group of the European Chemical Industry Council (EMSG-CEFIC) is acknowledged for financial support. The sponsors of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data interpretation, or reporting. NR 38 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0105-6263 J9 INT J ANDROL JI Int. J. Androl. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 32 IS 5 BP 453 EP 461 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2008.00877.x PG 9 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 491PJ UT WOS:000269591000003 PM 18336537 ER PT J AU Warren, CW Sinha, DN Lee, J Lea, V Jones, NR AF Warren, Charles W. Sinha, Dhirendra N. Lee, Juliette Lea, Veronica Jones, Nathan R. TI Tobacco Use, Exposure to Secondhand Smoke, and Training on Cessation Counseling Among Nursing Students: Cross-Country Data from the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS), 2005-2009 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE tobacco use; health professionals; nursing students; counseling training ID BELIEFS AB The Nursing Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) has been conducted in schools in 39 countries and the Gaza Strip/West Bank (identified as "sites" for the remainder of this paper). In half the sites, over 20% of the students currently smoked cigarettes, with males having higher rates than females in 22 sites. Over 60% of students reported having been exposed to secondhand smoke in public places in 23 of 39 sites. The majority of students recognized that they are role models in society, believed they should receive training on counseling patients to quit using tobacco, but few reported receiving any formal training. Tobacco control efforts must discourage tobacco use among health professionals, promote smoke free workplaces, and implement programs that train health professionals in effective cessation-counseling techniques. C1 [Warren, Charles W.; Lee, Juliette; Lea, Veronica] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sinha, Dhirendra N.] WHO, Tobacco Free Initiat, SE Asia Reg, Delhi, India. [Jones, Nathan R.] Univ Wisconsin, Paul P Carbone Comprehens Canc Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Warren, CW (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wcw1@cdc.gov; sinhad@searo.who.int; jpa7@cdc.gov; vcl7@cdc.gov; nrjones@uwcarbone.wisc.edu NR 18 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 7 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD OCT PY 2009 VL 6 IS 10 BP 2534 EP 2549 DI 10.3390/ijerph6102534 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 512UL UT WOS:000271276200002 PM 20054453 ER PT J AU Adjemian, JZ Howell, J Holzbauer, S Harris, J Recuenco, S McQuiston, J Chester, T Lynfield, R Devries, A Belay, E Sejvar, J AF Adjemian, Jennifer Zipser Howell, James Holzbauer, Stacy Harris, Julie Recuenco, Sergio McQuiston, Jennifer Chester, Thomas Lynfield, Ruth Devries, Aaron Belay, Ermias Sejvar, Jim TI A Clustering of Immune-mediated Polyradiculoneuropathy among Swine Abattoir Workers Exposed to Aerosolized Porcine Brains, Indiana, United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE neuropathy; swine; porcine; abattoir; brain; aerosolization ID EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC NEURITIS; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; PROTEIN AB In November 2007 a novel neuropathy, immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy (IP), was identified among workers at a Minnesota swine abattoir where a unique compressed air technique was used to remove porcine brains. An epidemiologic investigation at another abattoir in Indiana that also uses this process was launched to evaluate workers self-reporting neurologic illness compatible with IP. A nested case-control study was performed to identify cases and risk factors. Six confirmed, one probable, and three possible IP cases were detected. IP cases were 28-52 years old, of Latino origin, and 62.5% female. Onset dates ranged from April 2005-December 2007; 60% were hospitalized. IP cases at this plant were similar in clinical presentation and exposure risks to those detected in Minnesota. Swine abattoirs using similar brain extraction methods should discontinue this process. C1 [Adjemian, Jennifer Zipser; Recuenco, Sergio; McQuiston, Jennifer; Belay, Ermias; Sejvar, Jim] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chester, Thomas] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Holzbauer, Stacy; Lynfield, Ruth; Devries, Aaron] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. RP Adjemian, JZ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jadjemian@bop.gov RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013; OI Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Minnesota Department of Health; Indiana State Department of Health FX Funding for this study was received from: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Minnesota Department of Health; Indiana State Department of Health. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ABEL PUBLICATION SERVICES PI BURLINGTON PA 1611 AQUINAS COURT, BURLINGTON, NC 27215 USA SN 1077-3525 J9 INT J OCCUP ENV HEAL JI Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health PD OCT-DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 331 EP 338 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 514ZP UT WOS:000271436000001 PM 19886343 ER PT J AU Arcury, TA Grzywacz, JG Isom, S Whalley, LE Vallejos, QM Chen, HY Galvan, L Barr, DB Quandt, SA AF Arcury, Thomas A. Grzywacz, Joseph G. Isom, Scott Whalley, Lara E. Vallejos, Quirina M. Chen, Haiying Galvan, Leonardo Barr, Dana B. Quandt, Sara A. TI Seasonal Variation in the Measurement of Urinary Pesticide Metabolites among Latino Farmworkers in Eastern North Carolina SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE farmworker; agriculture; occupational health; pesticide exposure; biomonitoring ID ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; HEALTH; COMMUNITY; VIRGINIA AB This analysis describes the detection of urinary pesticide metabolites for Latino farmworkers across the agricultural season. Two hundred and eighty four farmworkers were recruited from 44 camps in eastern North Carolina in 2007. Data were collected at one month intervals for a total of 939 data points. The OP insecticide metabolites 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (46.2%), malathion dicarboxylic acid (27.7%), and para-nitrophenol (97.4%); the pyrethroid metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (56.4%); and the herbicides 2,4-D (68.1%), acetochlor (29.2%), and metolachlor (16.9%) were found in sizable percentages of the samples. The percentage of farmworkers for whom metabolites were detected varied across the agricultural season. None of the farmworker characteristics were significantly associated with the detection of any pesticide metabolite. Seasonality overrides the effects of other farmworker characteristics in predicting detection of pesticide urinary metabolites. Future research needs to collect multiple exposure measures at frequent intervals over an extended period to characterize factors associated with exposure. C1 [Arcury, Thomas A.; Grzywacz, Joseph G.; Whalley, Lara E.; Vallejos, Quirina M.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Family & Community Med, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Isom, Scott; Chen, Haiying] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biostat Sci, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Galvan, Leonardo] N Carolina Farmworkers Project, Benson, NC USA. [Barr, Dana B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Quandt, Sara A.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Arcury, TA (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Family & Community Med, Sch Med, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM tarcury@wfubmc.edu RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; OI Grzywacz, Joseph/0000-0002-2308-7781 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, United States National Institutes of Health [R01-ES008739] FX This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, United States National Institutes of Health (R01-ES008739). NR 19 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU ABEL PUBLICATION SERVICES PI BURLINGTON PA 1611 AQUINAS COURT, BURLINGTON, NC 27215 USA SN 1077-3525 J9 INT J OCCUP ENV HEAL JI Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health PD OCT-DEC PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 339 EP 350 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 514ZP UT WOS:000271436000002 PM 19886344 ER PT J AU Gust, DA Wiegand, RE Para, M Chen, RT Bartholow, BN AF Gust, Deborah A. Wiegand, Ryan E. Para, Michael Chen, Robert T. Bartholow, Brad N. TI HIV Testing Outside of the Study Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Participating in an HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trial SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIDS Vaccine 2008 Conference CY OCT 13-16, 2008 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA SP NIAID, Div AIDS, NIH, Div AIDS DE differential risk behavior; HIV test; HIV vaccine clinical trial; lost to follow up AB Objectives: Participants who obtain an HIV test outside of an HIV vaccine efficacy trial could potentially unblind themselves which could result in differential behavior change and loss to follow-up based on assignment status. In a reanalysis of the VaxGen VAX004 data, the objectives were to determine: 1) the proportion of participants who were tested for HIV outside of the study (despite instructions not to do this) and reasons why; 2) demographic and risk factors associated with reported testing outside of the study; and 3) if outside testing was related to participant loss to follow-up. Methods: Analyses were restricted to men who have sex with men (MSM) who completed a survey at one or more annual visits in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled efficacy trial of a bivalent rgp 120 vaccine conducted from 1998-2002. A generalized linear mixture model assessed associations with outside testing. Results: Despite instructions to the contrary, 16.9% (791/4670) of MSM reported being tested for HIV outside of the study, with the top two reasons being a) medical provider request (28.1%) and b) insurance requirement (17.1%). Increased odds of self-reported outside testing was associated with site location, reporting one or more sexually transmitted infections (STIs), joining the trial because of the belief that participation might confer some protection against HIV infection, engaging in unprotected anal sex, and being lost to follow-up. Decreased odds of self-reported outside testing was associated with perceived study arm assignment to vaccine or uncertainty about study arm assignment compared to placebo. Conclusions: To avoid biases such as differential risk behavior and loss to follow-up based on perceived assignment status, initiating additional procedures to reduce the likelihood of outside testing will be important to assure the validity of future study results. C1 [Gust, Deborah A.; Wiegand, Ryan E.; Chen, Robert T.; Bartholow, Brad N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis TB & STD Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Para, Michael] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), CDC, Epidemiol Branch, HIV Vaccine & Special Studies Team, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 2 BP 294 EP 298 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 499GQ UT WOS:000270206500020 PM 19574927 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Flores, AL Ouyang, LJ Robbins, JM Tilford, JM AF Grosse, Scott D. Flores, Alina L. Ouyang, Lijing Robbins, James M. Tilford, John M. TI Impact of Spina Bifida on Parental Caregivers: Findings from a Survey of Arkansas Families SO JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES LA English DT Article DE Caregiving; Disability; Quality of life; Parental stress; Time use ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CEREBRAL-PALSY; DOWN-SYNDROME; CHILDREN; HEALTH; DISABILITY; MOTHERS; STRESS; ADAPTATION; SEVERITY AB The well-being of caregivers of children with spina bifida and other conditions is an important topic. We interviewed the primary caregivers of 98 children aged 0 17 years with spina bifida sampled from a population based birth defects registry in Arkansas and the caregivers of 49 unaffected children. Measures of caregiver wellbeing were compared between the groups and by level of lesion (sacral, lower lumbar, and upper lumbar/thoracic). We performed linear and logistic regression analysis to test the associations controlling for other characteristics. Among caregivers of children with spina bifida, the average number of hours of sleep was significantly less than reported by other caregivers and was associated with lesion level among children less than 7 years of age. Significant associations, often varying by child age, were also found for the caregiver's reports of lower Quality of Well-Being (QWB) score, often feeling blue, rarely feeling happy, fair or poor health, lack of leisure days, and not hosting friends, but no significant association was found with not visiting friends. The intensive long-term care required by children with spina bifida, particularly by those with higher lesions, can negatively impact caregiver health and well-being. Support for these caregivers is needed. C1 [Grosse, Scott D.; Flores, Alina L.; Ouyang, Lijing] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Robbins, James M.; Tilford, John M.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Ctr Appl Res & Evaluat, Coll Med, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Robbins, James M.; Tilford, John M.] Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgg4@cdc.gov OI Robbins, James/0000-0003-2200-1947 NR 35 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1062-1024 J9 J CHILD FAM STUD JI J. Child Fam. Stud. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 18 IS 5 BP 574 EP 581 DI 10.1007/s10826-009-9260-3 PG 8 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry SC Family Studies; Psychology; Psychiatry GA 507GV UT WOS:000270841000008 ER PT J AU Wolk, DM Blyn, LB Hall, TA Sampath, R Ranken, R Ivy, C Melton, R Matthews, H White, N Li, F Harpin, V Ecker, DJ Limbago, B McDougal, LK Wysocki, VH Cai, M Carroll, KC AF Wolk, Donna M. Blyn, Lawrence B. Hall, Thomas A. Sampath, Rangarajan Ranken, Raymond Ivy, Cristina Melton, Rachael Matthews, Heather White, Neill Li, Feng Harpin, Vanessa Ecker, David J. Limbago, Brandi McDougal, Linda K. Wysocki, Vicki H. Cai, Mian Carroll, Karen C. TI Pathogen Profiling: Rapid Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus by PCR/Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry and Correlation with Phenotype SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; MUPIROCIN RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; VIRULENCE DETERMINANTS; NECROTIZING PNEUMONIA; GENETIC ORGANIZATION; LUKE-LUKD AB There are few diagnostic methods that readily distinguish among community-acquired methicillin (meticillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, now frequently transmitted within hospitals. We describe a rapid and high-throughput method for bacterial profiling of staphylococcal isolates. The method couples PCR to electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and is performed on a platform suitable for use in a diagnostic laboratory. This profiling technology produces a high-resolution genetic signature indicative of the presence of specific genetic elements that represent distinctive phenotypic features. The PCR/ESI-MS signature accurately identified genotypic determinants consistent with phenotypic traits in well-characterized reference and clinical isolates of S. aureus. Molecular identification of the antibiotic resistance genes correlated strongly with phenotypic in vitro resistance. The identification of toxin genes correlated with independent PCR analyses for the toxin genes. Finally, isolates were correctly classified into genotypic groups that correlated with genetic clonal complexes, repetitive-element-based PCR patterns, or pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types. The high-throughput PCR/ESI-MS assay should improve clinical management of staphylococcal infections. C1 [Wolk, Donna M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Pathol, Inst BIO5, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Blyn, Lawrence B.; Hall, Thomas A.; Sampath, Rangarajan; Ranken, Raymond; Ivy, Cristina; Melton, Rachael; Matthews, Heather; White, Neill; Li, Feng; Harpin, Vanessa; Ecker, David J.] Abbott Mol Inc, Ibis Biosci, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA. [Limbago, Brandi; McDougal, Linda K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cai, Mian; Carroll, Karen C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Wolk, DM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Pathol, Inst BIO5, 1501 N Campbell Ave,POB 245059, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. EM dwolk@email.arizona.edu FU Ibis Biosciences FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 44 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 47 IS 10 BP 3129 EP 3137 DI 10.1128/JCM.00709-09 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 501BC UT WOS:000270351700008 PM 19710268 ER PT J AU Balajee, SA Kano, R Baddley, JW Moser, SA Marr, KA Alexander, BD Andes, D Kontoyiannis, DP Perrone, G Peterson, S Brandt, ME Pappas, PG Chiller, T AF Balajee, S. Arunmozhi Kano, Rui Baddley, John W. Moser, Stephen A. Marr, Kieren A. Alexander, Barbara D. Andes, David Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P. Perrone, Giancarlo Peterson, Stephen Brandt, Mary E. Pappas, Peter G. Chiller, Tom TI Molecular Identification of Aspergillus Species Collected for the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELL; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; SP NOV.; FUMIGATUS; LENTULUS; PCR AB A large aggregate collection of clinical isolates of aspergilli (n = 218) from transplant patients with proven or probable invasive aspergillosis was available from the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network, a 6-year prospective surveillance study. To determine the Aspergillus species distribution in this collection, isolates were subjected to comparative sequence analyses by use of the internal transcribed spacer and beta-tubulin regions. Aspergillus fumigatus was the predominant species recovered, followed by A. flavus and A. niger. Several newly described species were identified, including A. lentulus and A. calidoustus; both species had high in vitro MICs to multiple antifungal drugs. Aspergillus tubingensis, a member of the A. niger species complex, is described from clinical specimens; all A. tubingensis isolates had low in vitro MICs to antifungal drugs. C1 [Balajee, S. Arunmozhi; Kano, Rui; Brandt, Mary E.; Chiller, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baddley, John W.; Pappas, Peter G.] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Moser, Stephen A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Baddley, John W.] Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Marr, Kieren A.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Marr, Kieren A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Alexander, Barbara D.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Andes, David] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Perrone, Giancarlo] CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, Bari, Italy. [Peterson, Stephen] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Balajee, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Mail Stop G 11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fir3@cdc.gov RI Moser, Stephen/A-1168-2008; Perrone, Giancarlo/O-7475-2014 OI Perrone, Giancarlo/0000-0002-3841-6066 FU Nihon University in Japan; NIH [K23AI064613] FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 18 TC 92 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 47 IS 10 BP 3138 EP 3141 DI 10.1128/JCM.01070-09 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 501BC UT WOS:000270351700009 PM 19675215 ER PT J AU Baddley, JW Marr, KA Andes, DR Walsh, TJ Kauffman, CA Kontoyiannis, DP Ito, JI Balajee, SA Pappas, PG Moser, SA AF Baddley, John W. Marr, Kieren A. Andes, David R. Walsh, Thomas J. Kauffman, Carol A. Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P. Ito, James I. Balajee, S. Arunmozhi Pappas, Peter G. Moser, Stephen A. TI Patterns of Susceptibility of Aspergillus Isolates Recovered from Patients Enrolled in the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMPHOTERICIN-B; IN-VITRO; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; CROSS-RESISTANCE; AZOLE RESISTANCE; FUMIGATUS; ITRACONAZOLE; VORICONAZOLE; TERREUS; RAVUCONAZOLE AB We analyzed antifungal susceptibilities of 274 clinical Aspergillus isolates from transplant recipients with proven or probable invasive aspergillosis collected as part of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET) and examined the relationship between MIC and mortality at 6 or 12 weeks. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 broth dilution method for amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ITR), voriconazole (VOR), posaconazole (POS), and ravuconazole (RAV). The isolate collection included 181 Aspergillus fumigatus, 28 Aspergillus niger, 27 Aspergillus flavus, 22 Aspergillus terreus, seven Aspergillus versicolor, five Aspergillus calidoustus, and two Aspergillus nidulans isolates and two isolates identified as Aspergillus spp. Triazole susceptibilities were <= 4 mu g/ml for most isolates (POS, 97.6%; ITR, 96.3%; VOR, 95.9%; RAV, 93.5%). The triazoles were not active against the five A. calidoustus isolates, for which MICs were >= 4 mu g/ml. AMB inhibited 93.3% of isolates at an MIC of 1 mu g/ml. The exception was A. terreus, for which 15 (68%) of 22 isolates had MICs of >1 mu g/ml. One of 181 isolates of A. fumigatus showed resistance (MIC > 4 mu g/ml) to two of three azoles tested. Although there appeared to be a correlation of higher VOR MICs with increased mortality at 6 weeks, the relationship was not statistically significant (R(2) = 0.61; P = 0.065). Significant relationships of in vitro MIC to all-cause mortality at 6 and 12 weeks for VOR or AMB were not found. C1 [Baddley, John W.; Pappas, Peter G.] Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Baddley, John W.] Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Marr, Kieren A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Andes, David R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Madison, WI USA. [Walsh, Thomas J.] NCI, Pediat Oncol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kauffman, Carol A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kauffman, Carol A.] Vet Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ito, James I.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moser, Stephen A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Baddley, JW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 1900 Univ Blvd,229 Tinsley Harrison Tower, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM jbaddley@uab.edu RI Moser, Stephen/A-1168-2008 FU NIH [K23AI064613] FX J.W.B. is sponsored in part by NIH grant K23AI064613. NR 30 TC 86 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 47 IS 10 BP 3271 EP 3275 DI 10.1128/JCM.00854-09 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 501BC UT WOS:000270351700029 PM 19692558 ER PT J AU Wesolowski, LG Ethridge, SF Martin, EG Cadoff, EM MacKellar, DA AF Wesolowski, Laura G. Ethridge, Steven F. Martin, Eugene G. Cadoff, Evan M. MacKellar, Duncan A. TI Rapid Human Immunodeficiency Virus Test Quality Assurance Practices and Outcomes among Testing Sites Affiliated with 17 Public Health Departments SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; ASSAYS AB Rapid human immunodeficiency virus testing is often conducted in nonclinical settings by staff with limited training, so quality assurance (QA) monitoring is critical to ensure accuracy of test results. Rapid tests (n = 86,749) were generally conducted according to manufacturers' instructions, but ongoing testing competency assessments and on-site QA monitoring were not uniformly conducted. C1 [Wesolowski, Laura G.; Ethridge, Steven F.; MacKellar, Duncan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, Eugene G.; Cadoff, Evan M.] UMDNJ Robert W Johnson Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. RP Wesolowski, LG (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lig7@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 47 IS 10 BP 3333 EP 3335 DI 10.1128/JCM.01504-09 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 501BC UT WOS:000270351700040 PM 19692557 ER PT J AU Brandt, ME Gade, L McCloskey, CB Balajee, SA AF Brandt, Mary E. Gade, Lalitha McCloskey, Cindy B. Balajee, S. Arunmozhi TI Atypical Aspergillus flavus Isolates Associated with Chronic Azole Therapy SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOCOMPETENT HOSTS; PARANASAL SINUSES; PATHOGENS; MOLDS AB A case of chronic sinus disease due to morphologically atypical Aspergillus flavus is described. Multiple fungal isolates sporulated poorly or not at all, displaying unusual color and microscopic morphology, including the absence of typical vesicles and phialides, which caused the isolates to resemble several other fungal genera superficially. The patient received multiple antifungal therapies over at least 10 years with various azole drugs, including voriconazole, itraconazole, and posaconazole. We speculate that this lengthy exposure to azole antifungal drugs may have caused or promoted the atypical morphology seen in these isolates. C1 [Brandt, Mary E.; Gade, Lalitha; Balajee, S. Arunmozhi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McCloskey, Cindy B.] Emory Univ Hosp, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Brandt, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mbb4@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 47 IS 10 BP 3372 EP 3375 DI 10.1128/JCM.00671-09 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 501BC UT WOS:000270351700051 PM 19656977 ER PT J AU Jia, HM Moriarty, DG Kanarek, N AF Jia, Haomiao Moriarty, David G. Kanarek, Norma TI County-Level Social Environment Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life Among US Adults: A Multilevel Analysis SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE BRFSS; Health-related quality-of-life; Multilevel model; Social determinants of health; US counties; Social environment ID SELF-RATED HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; RELIABILITY; POPULATION; QUESTIONS; BEHAVIORS; OUTCOMES; SAMPLE; EQ-5D AB To show that an individual's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is not determined only by their personal-level characteristics, but also is socially determined by both physical and social environmental characteristics of their communities. This analysis examined the association of selected county-level indicators on respondents' unhealthy days and assessed the utility of mean unhealthy days for US counties as community health indicators. Data came from the 1999-2001 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We used multilevel models to calculate the proportion of between-county variation in HRQOL that was explained by county-level contextual variables and examine the causal heterogeneity of some personal-level factors modified by these contextual variables. Counties with worse socioeconomic indicators, high mortality rate, and low life expectancy were associated with higher numbers of unhealthy days. These indicators explained 13-22% variance of county-level physically unhealthy days and 4.5-9.5% variance of county-level mentally unhealthy days. The GINI index, suicide rate, percent uninsured, primary care facilities-to-population ratio, and most county-level demographic and housing indicators also had significant but smaller impact on respondents' unhealthy days. Also, the counties with poorer socioeconomic scores had additional negative HRQOL impact on older persons. This study provides important new empirical information on whether various commonly-measured characteristics of the social environment, which are believed to be social determinants of health, are in fact associated with the perceived physical and mental health of its residents. Our findings provide additional support for the construct validity of county-level HRQOL as a community health indicator. C1 [Jia, Haomiao] Columbia Univ, Dept Biostat, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Jia, Haomiao] Columbia Univ, Sch Nursing, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Moriarty, David G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kanarek, Norma] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Jia, HM (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Biostat, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 617 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM hj2198@columbia.edu; DMoriarty@cdc.gov; nkanarek@jhsph.edu NR 52 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD OCT PY 2009 VL 34 IS 5 BP 430 EP 439 DI 10.1007/s10900-009-9173-5 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 494ZR UT WOS:000269859300010 PM 19554435 ER PT J AU Petersen, W Cobb, K AF Petersen, Wade Cobb, Kristin TI First Record of the Turkestan Cockroach, Blatta lateralis (Walker), in Georgia (USA) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE invasive pest; Turkestan cockroach; Blatta lateralis C1 [Petersen, Wade; Cobb, Kristin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Entomol Branch, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Petersen, W (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Entomol Branch, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM wade.petersen@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 44 IS 4 BP 415 EP 416 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 524HB UT WOS:000272133300015 ER PT J AU Zarate-Bermudez, MA AF Zarate-Bermudez, Max A. TI Enhancing the Public Health Perspective on Onsite Wastewater Systems SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID INDICATOR BACTERIA; QUALITY; CHILDREN; AQUIFER C1 [Zarate-Bermudez, Max A.] CDC, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zarate-Bermudez, Max A.] E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC USA. RP Zarate-Bermudez, MA (reprint author), CDC, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mzarate-bermudez@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD OCT PY 2009 VL 72 IS 3 BP 59 EP 61 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 502QS UT WOS:000270475700008 PM 19882992 ER PT J AU Freuling, C Vos, A Johnson, N Kaipf, I Denzinger, A Neubert, L Mansfield, K Hicks, D Nunez, A Tordo, N Rupprecht, CE Fooks, AR Muller, T AF Freuling, C. Vos, A. Johnson, N. Kaipf, I. Denzinger, A. Neubert, L. Mansfield, K. Hicks, D. Nunez, A. Tordo, N. Rupprecht, C. E. Fooks, A. R. Mueller, T. TI Experimental infection of serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) with European bat lyssavirus type 1a SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RABIES VIRUS; MYOTIS-DAUBENTONII; VIRAL-RNA; PCR ASSAY; FUSCUS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; GERMANY; SHEEP; TRANSMISSION; PATHOGENESIS AB The serotine bat (Eptesicus serotinus) accounts for the vast majority of bat rabies cases in Europe and is considered the main reservoir for European bat lyssavirus type 1 (EBLV-1, genotype 5). However, so far the disease has not been investigated in its native host under experimental conditions. To assess viral virulence, dissemination and probable means of transmission, captive bats were infected experimentally with an EBLV-1a virus isolated from a naturally infected conspecific from Germany. Twenty-nine wild caught bats were divided into five groups and inoculated by intracranial (i.c.), intramuscular (i.m.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) injection or by intranasal (i.n.) inoculation to mimic the various potential routes of infection. One group of bats was maintained as uninfected controls. Mortality was highest in the i.c.-infected animals, followed by the s.c. and i.m. groups, Incubation periods varied from 7 to 26 days depending on the route of infection. Rabies did not develop in the i.n. group or in the negative-control group. None of the infected bats seroconverted. Viral antigen was detected in more than 50% of the taste buds of an i.c.-infected animal. Shedding of viable virus was measured by virus isolation in cell culture for one bat from the s.c. group at 13 and 14 days post-inoculation, i.e. 7 days before death. In conclusion, it is postulated that s.c. inoculation, in nature caused by bites, may be an efficient way of transmitting EBLV-1 among free-living serotine bats. C1 [Freuling, C.; Mueller, T.] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Inst Epidemiol, WHO Collaborating Ctr Rabies Surveillance & Res, D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany. [Vos, A.; Neubert, L.] IDT Biol GmbH, D-06861 Dessau Rosslau, Germany. [Johnson, N.; Mansfield, K.; Hicks, D.; Nunez, A.; Fooks, A. R.] Vet Labs Agcy Weybridge, WHO Collaborating Ctr Characterisat Rabies & Rabi, Rabies & Wildlife Zoonoses Grp, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. [Kaipf, I.; Denzinger, A.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Neurobiol, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Tordo, N.] Inst Pasteur, Dept Virol, Antiviral Strategy Unit, F-75724 Paris, France. [Rupprecht, C. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Freuling, C (reprint author), Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Inst Epidemiol, WHO Collaborating Ctr Rabies Surveillance & Res, Seestr 55, D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany. EM conrad.freuling@fli.bund.de RI Johnson, Nicholas/B-4654-2011; Nunez Castel, Alejandro/C-2560-2011; Hicks, Daniel/C-6700-2011; Mansfield, Karen/D-8399-2011; Fooks, Anthony/F-5418-2010; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010 OI Johnson, Nicholas/0000-0002-6106-9373; FU UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs [SE0524, SE0528]; German Ministry of Nutrition, Agriculture and Consumer Protection FX The authors would like to acknowledge the technical assistance of Manuela Wieczorek and Ulrike Bley (IDT Biologika GmbH), Jeannette Kliemt and Astrid Schameitat (Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute) and Ben Haxton (Veterinary Laboratories Agency). We also thank Dr Andreas Frohlich (Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute) for assistance with statistical analysis and the three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on the manuscript. This project was jointly funded by the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra grants SE0524 and SE0528) and by the German Ministry of Nutrition, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. Use of trade names and commercial Sources are for identification only and do not imply endorsement by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. NR 56 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 90 BP 2493 EP 2502 DI 10.1099/vir.0.011510-0 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 502ZL UT WOS:000270499700022 PM 19515825 ER PT J AU Paz-Bailey, G Sternberg, M Puren, AJ Markowitz, LE Ballard, R Delany, S Hawkes, S Nwanyanwu, O Ryan, C Lewis, DA AF Paz-Bailey, Gabriela Sternberg, Maya Puren, Adrian J. Markowitz, Lauri E. Ballard, Ronald Delany, Sinead Hawkes, Sarah Nwanyanwu, Okey Ryan, Caroline Lewis, David A. TI Improvement in Healing and Reduction in HIV Shedding with Episodic Acyclovir Therapy as Part of Syndromic Management among Men: A Randomized, Controlled Trial SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International AIDS Conference CY AUG 03-08, 2008 CL Mexico City, MEXICO ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RECURRENT GENITAL HERPES; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; TYPE-2 INFECTION; ORAL ACYCLOVIR; DOUBLE-BLIND; SOUTH-AFRICA; RISK-FACTORS AB Background. It is uncertain whether episodic acyclovir will enhance ulcer healing if delivered at primary health care settings, because there is often a delay in treatment initiation. Methods. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 5-day acyclovir (400 mg 3 times daily) was conducted among men with genital ulcers in South Africa. Participants received syndromic management; were tested for ulcer etiology, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis, and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2); and were seen over the course of a month to evaluate ulcer healing and HIV-1 RNA shedding. Outcomes were ulcer duration and HIV-1 RNA shedding, assessed on day 7 among HIV-1-seropositive participants with a herpetic ulcer. Results. A total of 309 men received acyclovir, and 306 received placebo; 63% were HIV-1 positive. There were 295 HIV-1-positive participants with a herpetic ulcer. Acyclovir improved ulcer healing-61% of those receiving acyclovir healed by day 7, compared with 42% of those receiving placebo (adjusted relative risk, 1.4 [95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.8]; P = .003). Acyclovir also improved healing by a median of 3 days (P = .002) and reduced HIV-1 ulcer shedding on day 7 (24% for acyclovir vs 37% for placebo P = .05). Conclusions. Addition of acyclovir to syndromic management will improve healing of genital ulcers and may potentially reduce HIV transmission in combination with other interventions. C1 [Paz-Bailey, Gabriela; Sternberg, Maya; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Ballard, Ronald; Nwanyanwu, Okey; Ryan, Caroline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lewis, David A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Internal Med, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Delany, Sinead] Univ Witwatersrand, Reprod Hlth & HIV Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hawkes, Sarah] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. RP Paz-Bailey, G (reprint author), Univ Valle Guatemala, 18 Ave,11-42 Zona,15 Vista Hermosa 3, Guatemala City, Guatemala. EM gpaz@gt.cdc.gov OI Hawkes, Sarah/0000-0003-1062-3538 FU PHS HHS [U62/CCU022901] NR 45 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 7 BP 1039 EP 1049 DI 10.1086/605647 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 490CN UT WOS:000269475000005 PM 19715417 ER PT J AU Markowitz, LE Sternberg, M Dunne, EF McQuillan, G Unger, ER AF Markowitz, Lauri E. Sternberg, Maya Dunne, Eileen F. McQuillan, Geraldine Unger, Elizabeth R. TI Seroprevalence of Human Papillomavirus Types 6, 11, 16, and 18 in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID YOUNG-WOMEN; CERVICAL-CANCER; NATURAL-HISTORY; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS; HPV INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; MEN; PREVALENCE; COHORT; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) seroprevalence data can help define the epidemiology of this common sexually transmitted pathogen. Methods. We determined the seroprevalence of HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 (HPV types in the quadrivalent vaccine) among 4303 persons aged 14-59 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004. Results. The seroprevalences of HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 among female subjects were 17.0%, 7.1%, 15.6%, and 6.5%, respectively. Among males, the seroprevalences were lower for each type, with 6.3% observed for HPV-6, 2.0% for HPV-11, 5.1% for HPV-16, and 1.5% for HPV-18 (P < .001 for all comparisons). For any HPV vaccine type, the seroprevalence was 32.5% among females and 12.2% among males; the seroprevalence of any HPV vaccine type increased with age, reaching 42.0% among women aged 30-39 years and 18.0% among men aged 50-59 years. Antibodies to all 4 vaccine types were detected in 0.4% of females and 0% of males. Non-Hispanic blacks had a higher seroprevalence of any HPV vaccine type than that observed for non-Hispanic whites or Mexican Americans. Age and lifetime number of sex partners were factors independently associated with seroprevalence of any HPV vaccine type among both females and males, and poverty level was also a factor among females. Conclusions. This is the first population-based seroprevalence study in the United States of all 4 HPV types targeted by the quadrivalent vaccine, and its findings can inform vaccine policy. C1 [Markowitz, Lauri E.] CDC, NCHHSTP, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.] CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McQuillan, Geraldine] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Markowitz, LE (reprint author), CDC, NCHHSTP, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lem2@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU Division of STD Prevention; National Centers for HIV; Viral Hepatitis, STD; TB Prevention; National Center for Health Statistics; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial support: Division of STD Prevention, National Centers for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, and National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 48 TC 109 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 7 BP 1059 EP 1067 DI 10.1086/604729 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 490CN UT WOS:000269475000008 PM 19719390 ER PT J AU Tian, H Brimmer, DJ Lin, JMS Tumpey, AJ Reeves, WC AF Tian, Hao Brimmer, Dana J. Lin, Jin-Mann S. Tumpey, Abbigail J. Reeves, William C. TI Web Usage Data as a Means of Evaluating Public Health Messaging and Outreach SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Internet: Web usage mining; chronic fatigue syndrome; public health campaigns; market basket analysis; Markov chain model; continuing medical education ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; INFORMATION; INTERNET; MAIL AB Background: The Internet is increasingly utilized by researchers, health care providers, and the public to seek medical information. The Internet also provides a powerful tool for public health messaging. Understanding the needs of the intended audience and how they use websites is critical for website developers to provide better services to the intended users. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the utilization of the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) website at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We evaluated (1) CFS website utilization, (2) outcomes of a CDC CFS public awareness campaign, and (3) user behavior related to public awareness campaign materials and CFS continuing medical education courses. Methods: To describe and evaluate Web utilization, we collected Web usage data over an 18-month period and extracted page views, visits, referring domains, and geographic locations. We used page views as the primary measure for the CFS awareness outreach effort. We utilized market basket analysis and Markov chain model techniques to describe user behavior related to utilization of campaign materials and continuing medical education courses. Results: The CDC CFS website received 3,647,736 views from more than 50 countries over the 18-month period and was the 33rd most popular CDC website. States with formal Cl, S programs had higher visiting density, such as Washington, DC; Georgia; and New Jersey. Most visits (71%) were from Web search engines, with 16% from non-search-engine sites and 12% from visitors who had bookmarked the site. The public awareness campaign was associated with a sharp increase and subsequent quick drop in Web traffic. Following the campaign, user interest shifted from information targeting consumer basic knowledge to information for health care professionals. The market basket analysis showed that visitors preferred the 60-second radio clip public service announcement over the 30-second one. Markov chain model results revealed that most visitors took the online continuing education courses in sequential order and were less likely to drop out after they reached the Introduction pages of the courses. Conclusions: The utilization of the CFS website reflects a high level of interest in the illness by visitors to the site. The high utilization shows the website to be an important online resource for people seeking basic information about CFS and for those looking for professional health care and research information. Public health programs should consider analytic methods to further public health by understanding the characteristics of those seeking information and by evaluating the outcomes of public health campaigns. The website was an effective means to provide health information about CFS and serves as an important public health tool for community outreach. C1 [Tian, Hao; Brimmer, Dana J.; Lin, Jin-Mann S.; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tumpey, Abbigail J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tian, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A-15, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ejq7@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA FX This study was fully funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU JOURNAL MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH PI TORONTO PA TORONTO GENERAL HOSPITAL, R FRASER ELLIOTT BLDG, 4TH FL, R 4S435, 190 ELIZABETH ST, TORONTO, ON M5G 2C4, CANADA SN 1438-8871 J9 J MED INTERNET RES JI J. Med. Internet Res. PD OCT-DEC PY 2009 VL 11 IS 4 AR e52 DI 10.2196/jmir.1278 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA 556YW UT WOS:000274633000010 PM 20026451 ER PT J AU Rota, JS Turner, JC Yost-Daljev, MK Freeman, M Toney, DM Meisel, E Williams, N Sowers, SB Lowe, L Rota, PA Nicolai, LA Peake, L Bellini, WJ AF Rota, J. S. Turner, J. C. Yost-Daljev, M. K. Freeman, M. Toney, D. M. Meisel, E. Williams, N. Sowers, S. B. Lowe, L. Rota, P. A. Nicolai, L. A. Peake, L. Bellini, W. J. TI Investigation of a Mumps Outbreak Among University Students With Two Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) Vaccinations, Virginia, September-December 2006 SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE mumps; MMR; vaccine failure; IgG EIA ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; VACCINE FAILURE; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAYS; YOUNG-ADULTS; VIRUS; AVIDITY; POPULATION; SPECIMENS; COVERAGE; ASSAY AB Following the clinical diagnosis of the first case of mumps on September 22,2006 at the University of Virginia (UVA), 52 suspected cases were identified through active surveillance for mumps by the end of December 2006. Samples were collected from 47 students who presented with parotitis despite a documented history of two doses of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. Six of 47 serum samples (13%) were positive for mumps IgM, and 46/47 specimens were positive for mumps IgG. Endpoint titration of acute phase serum samples from laboratory-confirmed cases did not provide evidence that elevated serum IgG is a consistent marker for infection among cases due to secondary vaccine failure. Buccal swab samples from 39 of the 47 students were tested by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or viral culture. Mumps virus or mumps RNA was detected in 12 of 39 buccal samples (31%). Genetic analysis of the virus from the outbreak at UVA indicated that the outbreak was not linked to the large mumps outbreak in the Midwestern US that occurred earlier in 2006. Our findings support the use of viral detection to improve laboratory diagnosis of mumps among persons who have received two doses of MMR. J. Med. Virol. 81:1819-1825, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Rota, J. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MMRHLB, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Turner, J. C.] Univ Virginia, Elson Student Hlth Ctr, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Yost-Daljev, M. K.; Freeman, M.; Toney, D. M.; Meisel, E.] Virginia Div Consolidated Lab Serv, Richmond, VA USA. [Nicolai, L. A.] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Peake, L.] Thomas Jefferson Hlth Dist, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Rota, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MMRHLB, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,M-S C-22, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jrota@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 81 IS 10 BP 1819 EP 1825 DI 10.1002/jmv.21557 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 489BV UT WOS:000269395400019 PM 19697404 ER PT J AU Shaffer, RE Rengasamy, S AF Shaffer, Ronald E. Rengasamy, Samy TI Respiratory protection against airborne nanoparticles: a review SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Respirator; Respiratory protection; Filtration; Nanoparticle; EHS; Occupational safety and health; Aerosols ID FILTERING-FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS; FILTRATION PERFORMANCE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; FIT FACTORS; N95; SIZE; EFFICIENCY; LEAKAGE; PENETRATION AB As a precautionary measure, it is often recommended that workers take steps to reduce their exposure to airborne nanoparticles through the use of respiratory protective devices. The purpose of this study was to provide a review and analysis of the research literature and current recommendations on respirators used for protection against nanoparticles. Key research findings were that studies with particles as small as 4 nm have shown that conventional single-fiber filtration theory can be used to describe the filtration performance of respirators and that the most penetrating particle size for respirators equipped with commonly used electrostatic filter media is in the range of 30-100 nm. Future research needs include human laboratory and workplace protection factor studies to measure the respirator total inward leakage of nanoparticles. Industrial hygienists and safety professionals should continue to use traditional respirator selection guidance for workers exposed to nanoparticles. C1 [Shaffer, Ronald E.; Rengasamy, Samy] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Shaffer, RE (reprint author), NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,Bldg 29,POB 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM RShaffer@cdc.gov RI Shaffer, Ronald/I-2134-2012 NR 44 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1661 EP 1672 DI 10.1007/s11051-009-9649-3 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 503NL UT WOS:000270543100010 ER PT J AU Howard, J Murashov, V AF Howard, John Murashov, Vladimir TI National nanotechnology partnership to protect workers SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nanotechnology; Nanomaterials; Occupational safety and health; Health standards; National partnership; Exposure; EHS ID CARBON NANOTUBES; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; NANOPARTICLES; IDENTIFICATION; NANOMATERIALS; INSTILLATION; OPERATIONS; REACTOR; SAFETY AB Nanotechnology is predicted to improve many aspects of human life. By 2015, it is estimated to represent $3.1 trillion in manufactured goods. Data is emerging that exposure to nanomaterials may pose a health risk to workers. If the economic promise of nanotechnology is to be achieved, ways need to be found to protect nanotechnology workers now. The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHAct) gave the responsibility to protect workers to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) through research, standards adoption, and standards enforcement. Since 1980, adopting new occupational health standards has grown more complex. The increased complexity has greatly slowed efforts to adopt protective standards for toxic agents that are well-known to pose significant risks. The likelihood of rapidly adopting standards to protect workers from nanomaterials, whose risks are just emerging, seems even more unlikely. Use of the OSHAct's general duty clause to protect workers also seems uncertain at this time. In the interim, a national partnership led by NIOSH involving nanotech manufacturers and downstream users, workers, academic researchers, safety, and health practitioners is proposed. A National Nanotechnology Partnership would generate knowledge about the nature and the extent of worker risk, utilize that knowledge to develop risk control strategies to protect nanotechnology workers now, and provide an evidence base for NIOSH recommendations to OSHA for a nanotechnology program standard at a future date. C1 [Murashov, Vladimir] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Howard, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Law Program, US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Murashov, V (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, 395 St SW,Suite 9200, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM jhoward1@cdc.gov; vmurashov@cdc.gov RI Murashov, Vladimir/K-5481-2012 NR 62 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1673 EP 1683 DI 10.1007/s11051-009-9682-2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 503NL UT WOS:000270543100011 ER PT J AU Park, RM Bowler, RM Roels, HA AF Park, Robert M. Bowler, Rosemarie M. Roels, Harry A. TI Exposure-Response Relationship and Risk Assessment for Cognitive Deficits in Early Welding-Induced Manganism SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; MOVEMENT-DISORDERS; FUME EXPOSURE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SEQUELAE; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; FERROALLOY WORKERS; NEUROLOGICAL RISK; BRIDGE WELDERS AB Objective: The exposure-response relationship for manganese (Mn)-induced adverse nervous system effects is not well described. Symptoms and neuropsychological deficits associated with early manganism, were previously reported for welders constructing bridge piers during 2003 to 2004. A reanalysis using improved exposure, work history information, and diverse exposure metrics is presented here. Methods: Ten neuropsychological performance measures were examined, including working memory index (WMI), verbal intelligence quotient, design fluency, Stroop color word test, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure, and Auditory Consonant Trigram tests. AN blood levels and air sampling data in the form of both personal and area samples were available. The exposure metrics used were cumulative exposure to Mn, body burden assuming simple first-order kinetics for Mn elimination, and cumulative burden (effective dose). Benchmark doses were calculated. Results. Burden with a half-life of about 150 days was the best predictor of blood Mn. WMI performance declined by 3.6 (normal = 100, SD = 15),for each 1.0 mg/m(3) X mo exposure (P = 0.02, one toiled). A I the group mean exposure metric (burden; half-life = 275 days), WMI performance was at the lowest 17th percentile of normal, and at the maximum observed metric, performance was at the lowest 2.5 percentiles. Four other outcomes also exhibited statistically significant associations (verbal intelligence quotient, verbal comprehension index, design fluency, Stroop color word test); no dose-rate effect was observed for three of the five outcomes. Conclusions: A risk assessment performed for the five stronger ejects, choosing various percentiles of normal performance to represent impairment, identified benchmark doses for a 2-year exposure leading to 5% excess impairment prevalence in the range of 0.03 to 0.15 mg/m(3) or 30 to 150 mu g/m(3), total Mn in air, levels that are far below those permitted by current More than one-third of workers would be impaired after working 2 years at 0.2 mg/m(3) Mn (the current threshold, limit value). (J Occup Environ Med. 2009;51:1125-1136) C1 [Park, Robert M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Educ & Informat Div, Risk Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Bowler, Rosemarie M.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Psychol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Roels, Harry A.] Univ Catholique Louvain, Toxicol & Occupat Med Unit, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. RP Park, RM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Educ & Informat Div, Risk Evaluat Branch, MS C-15,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM rhp9@cdc.gov NR 62 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 51 IS 10 BP 1125 EP 1136 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181bd8114 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 506AZ UT WOS:000270746100003 PM 19786894 ER PT J AU Naumann, RB Dellinger, AM Anderson, ML Bonomi, AE Rivara, FP Thompson, RS AF Naumann, Rebecca B. Dellinger, Ann M. Anderson, Melissa L. Bonomi, Amy E. Rivara, Frederick P. Thompson, Robert S. TI Preferred modes of travel among older adults: What factors affect the choice to walk instead of drive? SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Older adults; Elderly; Mobility; Motor vehicle; Physical function; General health AB Introduction: There are many factors that influence older adults' travel choices. This paper explores the associations between mode of travel choice for a short trip and older adults' personal characteristics. Methods: This study included 406 drivers over the age of 64 who were enrolled in a large integrated health plan in the United States between 1991 and 2001. Bivariate analyses and generalized linear modeling were used to examine associations between choosing to walk or drive and respondents' self-reported general health, physical and functional abilities, and confidence in walking and driving. Results: Having more confidence in their ability to walk versus drive increased an older adult's likelihood of walking to make a short trip by about 20% (PR = 1.22: 95% Cl: 1.06-1.40), and walking for exercise increased the likelihood by about 50% (PR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.22-1.91). Reporting fair or poor health decreased the likelihood of walking, as did cutting down on the amount of driving due to a physical problem. Discussion: Factors affecting a person's decision to walk for exercise may not be the same as those that influence their decision to walk as a mode of travel. It is important to understand the barriers to walking for exercise and walking for travel to develop strategies to help older adults meet both their exercise and mobility needs. Impact on Industry: Increasing walking over driving among older adults may require programs that increase confidence in walking and encourage walking for exercise. National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Naumann, Rebecca B.; Dellinger, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Anderson, Melissa L.; Thompson, Robert S.] Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Bonomi, Amy E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Human Dev & Family Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Rivara, Frederick P.] Haborview Injury Prevent & Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Naumann, RB (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RNaumann@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 40 IS 5 BP 395 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2009.09.001 PG 4 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 532PC UT WOS:000272760900010 PM 19932322 ER PT J AU Jones, SE Brown, KRM Seabert, DM Sneed, S AF Jones, Sherry Everett Brown, Kelli R. McCormack Seabert, Denise M. Sneed, Suzanne TI Editors' Insights: Reviewing for the Journal of School Health SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article C1 [Jones, Sherry Everett] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30041 USA. [Brown, Kelli R. McCormack] Univ Florida, Coll Hlth & Human Performance, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Seabert, Denise M.] Ball State Univ, Dept Physiol & Hlth Sci, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. [Sneed, Suzanne] Univ Florida, Dept Hlth Educ & Behav, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Jones, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K33, Atlanta, GA 30041 USA. EM sce2@cdc.gov; kbrown@ufl.edu; dseabert@bsu.edu; AsstEditorSSneed@hhp.ufl.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD OCT PY 2009 VL 79 IS 10 BP 441 EP 446 PG 6 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 493NH UT WOS:000269743300001 ER PT J AU Jones, SE Wheeler, LS Smith, AM McManus, T AF Jones, Sherry Everett Wheeler, Lani S. Smith, Alisa M. McManus, Tim TI Adherence to National Asthma Education and Prevention Program's "How Asthma-Friendly Is Your School?" Recommendations SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL NURSING LA English DT Article DE asthma; schools; environment ID EXERCISE-INDUCED ASTHMA; HEALTH POLICIES; CHILDREN; TOBACCO; ADOLESCENTS; STUDENTS AB School health policies and programs provide the framework for a safe and supportive environment for students with asthma. School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006 data were examined to assess whether schools nationwide have policies and programs consistent with the "How Asthma-Friendly Is Your School?" checklist from the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Adherence to some of the recommendations on the checklist was high. For example, 80% or more of schools allowed students to carry and self-administer asthma medications, and obtained and kept asthma action plans. For other recommendations, however, far fewer schools had the recommended polices or programs; most notably, less than one third of schools had a full-time Registered Nurse. Improvements in many school policies and programs are needed so that students have a safe and supportive school environment to help them control their asthma while away from home. C1 [Jones, Sherry Everett; McManus, Tim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smith, Alisa M.] US EPA, Off Radiat & Indoor Air, Indoor Environm Div, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Jones, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1059-8405 J9 J SCH NURS JI J. Sch. Nurs. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 25 IS 5 BP 382 EP 394 DI 10.1177/1059840509343292 PG 13 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 498LA UT WOS:000270140400008 PM 19770490 ER PT J AU Griffin, SO Barker, LK Griffin, PM Cleveland, JL Kohn, W AF Griffin, Susan O. Barker, Laurie K. Griffin, Paul M. Cleveland, Jennifer L. Kohn, William TI Oral health needs among adults in the United States with chronic diseases SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Caries; edentulism; oral health; chronic disease ID TYPE-2 DIABETIC-PATIENTS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; GENERAL HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; HEPATITIS-C; BEHAVIORS; MELLITUS AB Background. Oral and dental diseases may be associated with other chronic diseases. Methods. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004, the authors calculated the prevalence of untreated dental diseases, self-reported poor oral health and the number of missing teeth for adults in the United States who had certain chronic diseases. The authors used multivariate analysis to determine whether these diseases were associated with indicators of dental disease after controlling for common risk factors. Results. Participants with rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes or a liver condition were twice as likely to have an urgent need for dental treatment as were participants who did not have these diseases. After controlling for common risk factors, the authors found that arthritis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, emphysema, hepatitis C virus, obesity and stroke still were associated with dental disease. Conclusions. The authors found a high burden of unmet dental care needs among participants with chronic diseases. This association held in the multivariate analysis, suggesting that some chronic diseases may increase the risk of developing dental disease, decrease utilization of dental care or both. Clinical Implications. Dental and medical care providers should work together to ensure that adults with chronic diseases receive regular dental care. C1 [Griffin, Susan O.; Barker, Laurie K.; Cleveland, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Invest & Res Branch, Div Oral Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Griffin, Paul M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Stewart Sch Ind & Syst Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Griffin, SO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Invest & Res Branch, Div Oral Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F10, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM sig1@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 140 IS 10 BP 1266 EP 1274 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 502ZI UT WOS:000270499300018 PM 19797557 ER PT J AU Metallinos-Katsaras, E Sherry, B Kallio, J AF Metallinos-Katsaras, Elizabeth Sherry, Bettylou Kallio, Jan TI Food Insecurity Is Associated with Overweight in Children Younger than 5 Years of Age SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID OBESITY; CHILDHOOD; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; ADULTHOOD; AMERICAN; SECURITY; HUNGER AB Both household food insecurity and childhood overweight are serious public health problems that appear to be paradoxically correlated. This study examines the relationship between overweight and household food insecurity with/without hunger in low-income children participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. Weight, height, and household food insecurity data were collected on 8,493 children ages 1 month to 5 years and analyzed by sex, age groups using logistic regression to model the odds of being overweight (weight for length or body mass index [calculated as kg/m(2)] for age >= 95th percentile) given household food insecurity status, controlling for race/ethnicity and maternal education. Analyses were stratified by age and sex because interaction terms with household food insecurity were significant (P<0.10). In this sample, prevalence of household food insecurity was 30.7% (8.3% with hunger) and 18.4% were overweight. Among girls younger than 2 years of age, household food insecurity was associated with reduced odds of overweight compared with food-secure households (odds ratio=0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.47 to 0.88); hunger status did not alter this association. Among 2- to 5-year-old girls, there was no overall significant association between household food insecurity and overweight; however, household food insecurity with hunger was positively associated with overweight compared with those from food-secure households (odds ratio=1.49; 95% confidence interval: 1.06 to 2.10). No association between household food insecurity and overweight was found among boys. These findings suggest an association between household food insecurity and overweight prevalence in this low-income population. However, sex and age appear to modify both the magnitude and direction of the association. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109:1790-1794. C1 [Metallinos-Katsaras, Elizabeth] Simmons Coll, Dept Nutr, Sch Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Sherry, Bettylou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kallio, Jan] Altarum Inst, Portland, ME USA. [Kallio, Jan] Dept Publ Hlth, Bur Family & Community Hlth, Div Nutr, Nutr Serv, Boston, MA USA. RP Metallinos-Katsaras, E (reprint author), Simmons Coll, Dept Nutr, Sch Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM metallin@simmons.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance Systems [U50/CCU113102-1] FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded the data collection, and preliminary analyses for this project titled the 1996 Demonstration Sites for Pregnancy and Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance Systems (Cooperative Agreement reference number U50/CCU113102-1). NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 109 IS 10 BP 1790 EP 1794 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2009.07.007 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 502YV UT WOS:000270498000021 PM 19782181 ER PT J AU Zhang, XZ Williams, DE Beckles, GL Gregg, EW Barker, L Luo, HB Rutledge, SA Saaddine, JB AF Zhang, Xinzhi Williams, Desmond E. Beckles, Gloria L. Gregg, Edward W. Barker, Lawrence Luo, Huabin Rutledge, Stephanie A. Saaddine, Jinan B. CA Project DIRECT Evaluation Study Gr TI Diabetic Retinopathy, Dilated Eye Examination, and Eye Care Education Among African Americans, 1997 and 2004 SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE diabetes mellitus; ophthalmic; African Americans ID HEART HEALTH-PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; MEDICAL-RECORDS; US POPULATION; DISEASE RISK; ADULTS; COMMUNITY; PREVALENCE; INTERVENTION AB Objective: To examine diabetic retinopathy, dilated eye examination, and eye care education among African Americans before and after a community-level public health intervention. Methods: We analyzed data from Project DIRECT (Diabetes Interventions Reaching and Educating Communities Together) participants with self-reported diabetes (617 in 1996-1997 and 672 in 2003-2004) in Raleigh (intervention community) and Greensboro (comparison community), North Carolina. All analyses were weighted to adjust for the complex sample design of pre and post cross-sectional surveys. Estimates were age standardized to the 2000 US Census population. We used multivariate logistic regression to calculate odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results: We found no significant difference in prevalence of diabetic retinopathy between the control and intervention communities (p > .05). However, after adjusting for other confounders, receipt of eye care education (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.19-2.13) was independently associated with receipt of dilated eye examination among African Americans with diabetes. Compared with individuals without diabetic retinopathy, those with diabetic retinopathy were more likely to use eye care services (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.41-2.54). Conclusions: Diabetic retinopathy is a considerable problem among African American communities. Community intervention efforts, such as comprehensive eye care education, that specifically target improvement in diabetic retinopathy and use of eye care services could help better serve this population. C1 [Zhang, Xinzhi; Williams, Desmond E.; Beckles, Gloria L.; Gregg, Edward W.; Barker, Lawrence; Rutledge, Stephanie A.; Saaddine, Jinan B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Luo, Huabin] Mt Olive Coll, Mt Olive, NC USA. RP Zhang, XZ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xzhang4@cdc.gov FU Project DIRECT Evaluation Study Group FX The authors will like to acknowledge the work of the Project DIRECT Evaluation Study Group. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL MED ASSOC PI WASHINGON PA 1012 10TH ST, N W, WASHINGON, DC 20001 USA SN 0027-9684 J9 J NATL MED ASSOC JI J. Natl. Med. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 101 IS 10 BP 1015 EP 1021 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 511XJ UT WOS:000271204700006 PM 19860301 ER PT J AU Burns, CC Campagnoli, R Shaw, J Vincent, A Jorba, J Kew, O AF Burns, Cara C. Campagnoli, Ray Shaw, Jing Vincent, Annelet Jorba, Jaume Kew, Olen TI Genetic Inactivation of Poliovirus Infectivity by Increasing the Frequencies of CpG and UpA Dinucleotides within and across Synonymous Capsid Region Codons SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUS; NEIGHBOR BASE SEQUENCES; STRANDED RNA VIRUSES; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID; ATTENUATION PHENOTYPE; ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS; NONCODING REGION; VIRAL GENOME; USAGE BIAS AB Replicative fitness of poliovirus can be modulated systematically by replacement of preferred capsid region codons with synonymous unpreferred codons. To determine the key genetic contributors to fitness reduction, we introduced different sets of synonymous codons into the capsid coding region of an infectious clone derived from the type 2 prototype strain MEF-1. Replicative fitness in HeLa cells, measured by plaque areas and virus yields in single-step growth experiments, decreased sharply with increased frequencies of the dinucleotides CpG (suppressed in higher eukaryotes and most RNA viruses) and UpA (suppressed nearly universally). Replacement of MEF-1 capsid codons with the corresponding codons from another type 2 prototype strain (Lansing), a randomization of MEF-1 synonymous codons, increased the %G+C without increasing CpG, and reductions in the effective number of codons used had much smaller individual effects on fitness. Poliovirus fitness was reduced to the threshold of viability when CpG and UpA dinucleotides were saturated within and across synonymous codons of a capsid region interval representing only similar to 9% of the total genome. Codon replacements were associated with moderate decreases in total virion production but large decreases in the specific infectivities of intact poliovirions and viral RNAs. Replication of codon replacement viruses, but not MEF-1, was temperature sensitive at 39.5 degrees C. Synthesis and processing of viral intracellular proteins were largely unaltered in most codon replacement constructs. Replacement of natural codons with synonymous codons with increased frequencies of CpG and UpA dinucleotides may offer a general approach to the development of attenuated vaccines with well-defined antigenicities and very high genetic stabilities. C1 [Burns, Cara C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Burns, CC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, G 10,1600 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM CBurns@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 83 IS 19 BP 9957 EP 9969 DI 10.1128/JVI.00508-09 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 491WX UT WOS:000269614300030 PM 19605476 ER PT J AU Fairley, TL Pollack, LA Moore, AR Smith, JL AF Fairley, Temeika L. Pollack, Lori A. Moore, Angela R. Smith, Judith Lee TI Addressing Cancer Survivorship Through Public Health: An Update from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB Currently, there are nearly 12 million cancer survivors living in the United States. They face a myriad of personal and health issues related to their cancer treatment. Increased recognition of cancer survivorship as a distinct and important phase that follows the diagnosis and treatment of cancer has contributed to the development of public health-related strategies and plans to address those strategies. CDC's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control (DCPC) uses an interdisciplinary public health approach to address the needs of cancer survivors through applied research, public health surveillance and data collection, education, and health promotion, especially among underserved populations that may be at risk for health disparities. Our surveillance activities contribute to population-based descriptions of the health and treatment experiences of cancer survivors in the United States. These data inform applied research activities as well as provide baseline data on cancer survivors for local comprehensive cancer control programs. The knowledge gained by our research efforts informs the development of interventions, awareness and education campaigns, and other outreach activities targeting cancer survivors and those who care for and support them. Our partnerships with national organizations, state health agencies, and other key groups are essential in the development, implementation, and promotion of effective cancer control practices related to cancer survivorship. This article provides an overview of the cancer survivorship activities currently being implemented by DCPC. We highlight several public health surveillance, research, and programmatic outreach and partnership activities currently underway. C1 [Fairley, Temeika L.; Pollack, Lori A.; Moore, Angela R.; Smith, Judith Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Fairley, TL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,NE K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tfairley@cdc.gov FU DCPC Cancer Survivorship Inter-branch Group FX We thank the members of the DCPC Cancer Survivorship Inter-branch Group: Donatus Ekwueme, Ph. D., Nikki Hawkins, Ph. D., Genise V. Nixon, Sun H. Rim, M. P. H., Juan Rodriguez, M. P. H., Susan Sabatino, M. D., George-Ann Townsend, Katrina F. Trivers, Ph. D., and Hannah Weir, Ph. D., for their contributions to CDC's efforts in cancer survivorship. NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD OCT PY 2009 VL 18 IS 10 BP 1525 EP 1531 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1666 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 512FJ UT WOS:000271231200091 PM 19788367 ER PT J AU Aponte, JJ Schellenberg, D Egan, A Breckenridge, A Carneiro, I Critchley, J Danquah, I Dodoo, A Kobbe, R Lell, B May, J Premji, Z Sanz, S Sevene, E Soulaymani-Becheikh, R Winstanley, P Adjei, S Anemana, S Chandramohan, D Issifou, S Mockenhaupt, F Owusu-Agyei, S Greenwood, B Grobusch, MP Kremsner, PG Macete, E Mshinda, H Newman, RD Slutsker, L Tanner, M Alonso, P Menendez, C AF Aponte, John J. Schellenberg, David Egan, Andrea Breckenridge, Alasdair Carneiro, Ilona Critchley, Julia Danquah, Ina Dodoo, Alexander Kobbe, Robin Lell, Bertrand May, Juergen Premji, Zul Sanz, Sergi Sevene, Esperanza Soulaymani-Becheikh, Rachida Winstanley, Peter Adjei, Samuel Anemana, Sylvester Chandramohan, Daniel Issifou, Saadou Mockenhaupt, Frank Owusu-Agyei, Seth Greenwood, Brian Grobusch, Martin P. Kremsner, Peter G. Macete, Eusebio Mshinda, Hassan Newman, Robert D. Slutsker, Laurence Tanner, Marcel Alonso, Pedro Menendez, Clara TI Efficacy and safety of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria in African infants: a pooled analysis of six randomised, placebo-controlled trials SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; TANZANIAN INFANTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; ANTIMALARIAL TREATMENT; IRON SUPPLEMENTATION; ROUTINE VACCINATIONS; SENEGALESE CHILDREN; MOZAMBICAN INFANTS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; ANEMIA CONTROL AB Background Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) is a promising strategy for malaria control in infants. We undertook a pooled analysis of the safety and efficacy of IPT in infants (IPTi) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Africa. Methods We pooled data from six double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trials (undertaken one each in Tanzania, Mozambique, and Gabon, and three in Ghana) that assessed the efficacy of IPTi with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. In all trials, IPTi or placebo was given to infants at the time of routine vaccinations delivered by WHO's Expanded Program on Immunization. Data from the trials for incidence of clinical malaria, risk of anaemia (packed-cell volume <25% or haemoglobin <80 g/L), and incidence of hospital admissions and adverse events in infants up to 12 months of age were reanalysed by use of standard outcome definitions and time periods. Analysis was by modified intention to treat, including all infants who received at least one dose of IPTi or placebo. Findings The six trials provided data for 7930 infants (IPTi, n=3958; placebo, n=3972). IPTi had a protective efficacy of 30.3% (95% CI 19.8-39.4, p<0.0001) against clinical malaria, 21.3% (8.2-32.5, p=0.002) against the risk of anaemia, 38.1% (12.5-56.2, p=0.007) against hospital admissions associated with malaria parasitaemia, and 22.9% (10.0-34.0, p=0.001) against all-cause hospital admissions. There were 56 deaths in the IPTi group compared with 53 in the placebo group (rate ratio 1.05, 95% Cl 0.72-1.54, p=0.79). One death, judged as possibly related to IPTi because it occurred 19 days after a treatment dose, was subsequently attributed to probable sepsis. Four of 676 non-fatal hospital admissions in the IPTi group were deemed related to study treatment compared with five of 860 in the placebo group. None of three serious dermatological adverse events in the IPTi group were judged related to study treatment compared with one of 13 in the placebo group. Interpretation IPTi with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was safe and efficacious across a range of malaria transmission settings, suggesting that this intervention is a useful contribution to malaria control. C1 [Tanner, Marcel] Swiss Trop Inst, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. [Aponte, John J.; Egan, Andrea; Sanz, Sergi; Alonso, Pedro; Menendez, Clara] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res, Barcelona, Spain. [Schellenberg, David; Carneiro, Ilona; Chandramohan, Daniel; Greenwood, Brian] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Breckenridge, Alasdair] Med & Healthcare Prod Regulatory Agcy, London, England. [Critchley, Julia] Newcastle Univ, Inst Hlth & Soc, Adv Res Chron Dis Epidemiol ARCHEPI Programme, Sch Populat & Hlth Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England. [Danquah, Ina; Mockenhaupt, Frank] Charite, Inst Trop Med & Int Hlth, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Dodoo, Alexander] Univ Ghana, Sch Med, Korle Bu Teaching Hosp, Ctr Trop Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut, Accra, Ghana. [Kobbe, Robin; May, Juergen] Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Res Grp Infect Dis Epidemiol, Hamburg, Germany. [Lell, Bertrand; Issifou, Saadou; Kremsner, Peter G.] Univ Tubingen, Dept Parasitol, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany. [Lell, Bertrand; Issifou, Saadou; Grobusch, Martin P.; Kremsner, Peter G.] Albert Schweitzer Hosp, Med Res Unit, Lambarene, Gabon. [Premji, Zul] Muhimbili Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Parasitol Med Entomol, Sch Publ Hlth & Social Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Sevene, Esperanza] Eduardo Mondlane Univ, Fac Med, Dept Pharmacol, Maputo, Mozambique. [Soulaymani-Becheikh, Rachida] Ctr Antipoisons & Pharmacovigilance Maroc, Rabat, Morocco. [Winstanley, Peter] Univ Liverpool, Sch Clin Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Adjei, Samuel] Minist Hlth, Ghana Hlth Serv, Agona, Ashanti Region, Ghana. [Anemana, Sylvester] Minist Hlth, Ghana Hlth Serv, Secondi Takoradi, Western Region, Ghana. [Owusu-Agyei, Seth] Minist Hlth, Ghana Hlth Serv, Kintampo Hlth Res Ctr, Kintampo, Ghana. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Univ Witwatersrand, Infect Dis Unit, Div Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, NHLS, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Macete, Eusebio; Alonso, Pedro] Ctr Invest Saude Manhica, Manhica, Mozambique. [Mshinda, Hassan] Ifakara Hlth Res Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania. [Newman, Robert D.; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tanner, M (reprint author), Swiss Trop Inst, Socinstr 57,POB 4002, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. EM marcel.tanner@unibas.ch RI May, Jurgen/E-7857-2011; OI Danquah, Ina/0000-0003-3222-3498 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 50 TC 121 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD OCT-NOV PY 2009 VL 374 IS 9700 BP 1533 EP 1542 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61258-7 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 517CS UT WOS:000271591300032 PM 19765816 ER PT J AU Steer, AC Law, I Matatolu, L Beall, BW Carapetis, JR AF Steer, Andrew C. Law, Irwin Matatolu, Laisiana Beall, Bernard W. Carapetis, Jonathan R. TI Global emm type distribution of group A streptococci: systematic review and implications for vaccine development SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID ACUTE RHEUMATIC-FEVER; PNEUMOCOCCAL SEROGROUPS; SEQUENCE TYPES; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; DISEASE; SKIN; IMMUNOGENICITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FORMULATION AB emm sequence typing is the most widely used method for defining group A streptococcal (GAS) strains, and has been applied to isolates in all regions of the world. We did a systematic review of the global distribution of GAS emm types. 102 articles and reports were included (38081 isolates). Epidemiological data from high-income countries were predominant, with sparse data from low-income countries. The epidemiology of GAS disease in Africa and the Pacific region seems to be different from that in other regions, particularly high-income countries. In Africa and the Pacific, there were no dominant emm types, a higher diversity of emm types, and many of the common emm types in other parts of the world were less common (including emm1, 4, 6, and 12). Our data have implications for the development of GAS vaccines. On the basis of the available data, the current formulation of the experimental multivalent emm vaccine would provide good coverage in high-income countries, particularly USA, Canada, and Europe, but poor coverage in Africa and the Pacific, and only average coverage in Asia and the Middle East. C1 [Steer, Andrew C.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Paediat, Ctr Int Child Hlth, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Matatolu, Laisiana] Minist Hlth, Fiji Grp Streptococcal Project A, Suva, Fiji. [Beall, Bernard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carapetis, Jonathan R.] Charles Darwin Univ, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. [Carapetis, Jonathan R.] Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT, Australia. RP Steer, AC (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Paediat, Ctr Int Child Hlth, Flemington Rd, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. EM andrew.steer@rch.org.au RI Nosik, Alexandra/H-1999-2014 OI Nosik, Alexandra/0000-0002-7852-1784 NR 41 TC 201 Z9 203 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 10 BP 611 EP 616 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 506KK UT WOS:000270773500016 PM 19778763 ER PT J AU Scarboro, S Hertel, N Burgett, E Howell, R Ansari, A AF Scarboro, Sarah Hertel, Nolan Burgett, Eric Howell, Rebecca Ansari, Armin TI VALIDATION OF MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF A THYROID UPTAKE SYSTEM USING VARIOUS SOURCES AND A SLAB PHANTOM SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding/15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation-Protection-and-Shielding-Division CY APR 13-18, 2008 CL Pine Mt, GA SP Radiat Protect & Shielding Div DE thyroid uptake system; radiological dispersal device; internal contamination AB In the event of a terrorist act involving a radiological agent, internal contamination due to inhalation is a potential health threat. When a large population is potentially impacted, there is need for methodology to serve as an initial screening or triage tool to rapidly identify individuals with significant amounts of internal contamination and to assist in prioritizing collection of large numbers of bioassay samples needed in such an incident. Common handheld radiation detectors and medical devices are tools that can effectively and rapidly screen a large number of people for internal contamination due to gamma-emitting isotopes. This work investigated the use of a common medical device, a thyroid uptake system or thyroid probe, in screening for internal contamination in individuals. The response of a thyroid uptake system in such a situation can be estimated by using a validated Monte Carlo model of the thyroid uptake system and various human phantoms. A computational model of the thyroid uptake system was built using the Los Alamos Particle Transport Code, MCNP Version 5. The validation of this computational model was demonstrated by comparisons to a series of benchmark measurements using the actual device and six isotopes with a range of gamma-ay emission energies. C1 [Scarboro, Sarah; Hertel, Nolan; Burgett, Eric] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Howell, Rebecca] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ansari, Armin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Scarboro, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, 900 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM sarah.scarboro@gmail.com NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 168 IS 1 BP 169 EP 172 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 501XL UT WOS:000270417700030 ER PT J AU Samuel-Hodge, CD Johnston, LF Gizlice, Z Garcia, BA Lindsley, SC Bramble, KP Hardy, TE Ammerman, AS Poindexter, PA Will, JC Keyserling, TC AF Samuel-Hodge, Carmen D. Johnston, Larry F. Gizlice, Ziya Garcia, Beverly A. Lindsley, Sara C. Bramble, Kathy P. Hardy, Trisha E. Ammerman, Alice S. Poindexter, Patricia A. Will, Julie C. Keyserling, Thomas C. TI Randomized Trial of a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention for Low-income Women: The Weight Wise Program SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; DIABETES-PREVENTION-PROGRAM; LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; DIET QUALITY INDEX; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CLINICAL-TRIAL; DISEASE RISK; ADULTS; COMMUNITY AB Low-income women in the United States have the highest rates of obesity, yet they are seldom included in weight loss trials. To address this research gap, components of two evidence-based weight loss interventions were adapted to create a 16-week intervention for low-income women (Weight Wise Program), which was evaluated in a randomized trial with the primary outcome of weight loss at 5-month follow-up. Participants were low-income women (40-64 years) with a BMI of 25-45. Of 143 participants, 72 were randomized to the Weight Wise Program (WWP) and 71 to the Control Group (CG). Five-month follow-up data were obtained from 64 (89%) WWP and 62 (87%) CG participants. With baseline values carried forward for missing data, WWP participants had a weight change of -3.7 kg compared to 0.7 kg in the CG (4.4 kg difference, 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.2-5.5, P < 0.001). For systolic blood pressure (SBP), change in the WWP was -6.5 mm Hg compared to -0.4 mm Hg among controls (6.2 mm Hg difference, 95% CI, 1.7-10.6, P = 0.007); for diastolic BP (DBP), changes were -4.1 mm Hg for WWP compared to -1.3 mm Hg for controls (2.8 mm Hg difference, 95% CI, 0.0-5.5, P = 0.05). Of the 72 WWP participants, 64, 47, and 19% lost at least 3, 5, and 7% of their initial body weight, respectively. In conclusion, the WWP was associated with statistically significant and clinically important short-term weight loss. C1 [Samuel-Hodge, Carmen D.; Poindexter, Patricia A.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Samuel-Hodge, Carmen D.; Ammerman, Alice S.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Samuel-Hodge, Carmen D.; Johnston, Larry F.; Gizlice, Ziya; Garcia, Beverly A.; Lindsley, Sara C.; Bramble, Kathy P.; Hardy, Trisha E.; Ammerman, Alice S.; Keyserling, Thomas C.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Poindexter, Patricia A.; Will, Julie C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Keyserling, Thomas C.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Samuel-Hodge, CD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM carmen_samuel@unc.edu FU centers of Disease control and Prevention (CDC) [U48/CCU422824-04, U48/DP000059]; NIH [DK56350]; University of North Carolina Prevention Research center [U48/DP000059] FX This study was conducted through partnerships among the UNC center of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, the New Hanover community Health center, and Grace United Methodist church. We are indebted to all the agency partners, study staff, and the women of the Weight Wise Program, whose involvement made this study possible. trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00288301. Funding/Support: this study was supported through funding by centers of Disease control and Prevention (CDC) cooperative Agreement Number U48/CCU422824-04. Other support was provided by the University of North Carolina Nutrition Epidemiology core through funding by NIH Grant DK56350 and by the University of North Carolina Prevention Research center (U48/DP000059 for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention) through funding by CDC cooperative Agreement Number U48/DP000059. NR 43 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD OCT PY 2009 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1891 EP 1899 DI 10.1038/oby.2009.128 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 502UD UT WOS:000270484800013 PM 19407810 ER PT J AU Yuan, BZ Chapman, J Reynolds, SH AF Yuan, B-Z Chapman, J. Reynolds, S. H. TI Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis in human lung cancer cells through a positive feedback mechanism and the subsequent Mcl-1 protein cleavage SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE proteasome inhibitor; non-small cell lung carcinoma; apoptosis; Mcl-1; positive feedback mechanism; protein cleavage ID TRAIL-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; CARCINOMA CELLS; DEATH; MITOCHONDRIA; SENSITIZE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ACTIVATION; BORTEZOMIB; THERAPY; TARGETS AB Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are promising new therapeutic agents for treating non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). To investigate the mechanisms of action of PIs, we analyzed the proapoptotic activities of PIs (MG132 or Bortezomib) in NSCLC cells. We found that both MG132 (>1 mu M) and Bortezomib (>0.025 mu M) induced a significant apoptosis in NCI-H1703, a PI-sensitive NSCLC cell line, through initially activating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, leading to the activation of a positive feedback mechanism (PFM), which then conveyed apoptosis signaling from the intrinsic pathway to the extrinsic pathway with formation of a signaling loop for maximal caspase activation. Mcl-1 and Noxa were identified to be the major anti-apoptotic and proapoptotic proteins, respectively, in PI-induced apoptosis and mutually exclusive in protein stability. Although the Mcl-1 protein was upregulated by proteasome inhibition, it was also subjected to caspase 3-dependent cleavage governed by the PFM. Moreover, it was revealed that Mcl-1 protein cleavage contributed to PFM-governed apoptosis in following inter-related ways: reducing the anti-apoptotic Mcl-1; generating the truncated proapoptotic Mcl-1(S); and inducing a shift of balance between Mcl-1 and Noxa. It was further manifested that tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand boosted MG132's proapoptotic activity through strengthening the PFM in both NCI-H1703 and NCI-H358, a PI-resistant NSCLC cell line. Therefore, this study provides a basis for enhancing the efficacy of PIs in treating NSCLC. Oncogene (2009) 28, 3775-3786; doi:10.1038/onc.2009.240; published online 17 August 2009 C1 [Yuan, B-Z; Chapman, J.; Reynolds, S. H.] NIOSH, Mol Genet Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Yuan, BZ (reprint author), NIOSH, Mol Genet Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd,M-S L-3014, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM bby1@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD OCT PY 2009 VL 28 IS 43 BP 3775 EP 3786 DI 10.1038/onc.2009.240 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 512KT UT WOS:000271248400002 PM 19684616 ER PT J AU Fonseca-Gonzalez, I Cardenas, R Quinones, ML McAllister, J Brogdon, WG AF Fonseca-Gonzalez, Idalyd Cardenas, Rocio Quinones, Martha L. McAllister, Janet Brogdon, William G. TI Pyrethroid and organophosphates resistance in Anopheles (N.) nuneztovari Gabaldn populations from malaria endemic areas in Colombia SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOSQUITO PROTEIN MICROASSAY; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; KNOCKDOWN RESISTANCE; MICROPLATE ASSAY; CYTOCHROMES P450; ELEVATED OXIDASE; SMALL PORTIONS; VECTORS; ALBIMANUS AB Field populations of Colombian malaria vector Anopheles (N.) nuneztovari were studied using World Health Organization (WHO) and Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) bioassay techniques and through the use of biochemical microplate-based assays for resistance enzymes. Insecticides evaluated included the pyrethroids lambda-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin, organophosphates malathion and fenitrothion, and the organochlorine dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Study sites selected were based upon malaria incidence, vector presence, and control activities in Colombia. Early stage selection for reduced susceptibility was observed in the bioassays for some locations. Data from the WHO and CDC bioassay methods were broadly consistent, with some differences noted. Evidence is presented for low-level initial selection of some resistance mechanisms such as mixed-function oxidases and modified acetylcholinesterase. Data from the site Encharcazn implies that selection for DDT-pyrethroid cross-resistance has occurred, though not likely at a level that currently threatens vector control by either class of insecticides, and further implies that knockdown resistance (kdr) may be present in those populations. Further studies using synergists and development of a kdr-specific assay for A. nuneztovari thus become priorities. The resistance levels to lambda-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin found in the Encharcazn population are of concern since these two insecticides are currently used for both indoor spraying and treated nets. In addition, the resistance to fenitrothion, the indoor spray insecticide mostly used for this species due to their exophilic behavior, found in the El Zulia population, makes urgent to find alternatives for chemical control in these areas. These data provide the initial baselines for insecticide susceptibility profiles for A. nuneztovari in Colombia and the first report of insecticide resistance in this vector. C1 [Fonseca-Gonzalez, Idalyd] Univ Antioquia, Inst Biol, Grp Biol & Control Enfermedades Infecciosas, Medellin, Colombia. [Cardenas, Rocio] Inst Dept Salud, Subgrp Control Vectores, Cucuta, Colombia. [Quinones, Martha L.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Med, Dept Salud Publ, Bogota, Colombia. [McAllister, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Brogdon, William G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fonseca-Gonzalez, I (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Inst Biol, Grp Biol & Control Enfermedades Infecciosas, Lab 620,Carrera 53 61-30, Medellin, Colombia. EM idalyd.fonseca@siu.udea.edu.co; rocicardenas@gmail.com; mlquinonesp@unal.edu.co; jvm6@cdc.gov; wgb1@cdc.gov FU Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia [22290416444]; Comite de Investigacion CODI, Universidad de Antioquia FX This work was financed by the Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia "Francisco Jose de Caldas" COLCIENCIAS (Grant number 22290416444) and Comite de Investigacion CODI, Universidad de Antioquia. Idalyd Fonseca-Gonzalez obtained financial support for her doctoral training from COLCIENCIAS. NR 52 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 105 IS 5 BP 1399 EP 1409 DI 10.1007/s00436-009-1570-2 PG 11 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 495SH UT WOS:000269914800028 PM 19655174 ER PT J AU Mvundura, M Amendah, D Kavanagh, PL Sprinz, PG Grosse, SD AF Mvundura, Mercy Amendah, Djesika Kavanagh, Patricia L. Sprinz, Philippa G. Grosse, Scott D. TI Health Care Utilization and Expenditures for Privately and Publicly Insured Children With Sickle Cell Disease in the United States SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Article DE medical expenditure; sickle cell disease; utilization ID MANAGED CARE; ANEMIA; COSTS; PROPHYLAXIS; MEDICAID; SERVICES; THERAPY AB Background There are no current national estimates on health care utilization and expenditures for US children with sickle cell disease (SCD). Procedure. We used the MarketScan (R) Medicaid Database and the MarketScan (R) Commercial Claims and Encounters Database for 2005 to estimate health services use and expenditures. The final samples consisted of 2,428 Medicaid-enrolled and 621 privately insured children with SCD. Results. The percentage of children with SCD enrolled in Medicaid with an inpatient admission was higher compared to those privately insured (439% vs. 38%), yet mean expenditures per admission were 35% lower ($6,469 vs. $10,013). The mean number of emergency department (ED) visits was 49% higher for Medicaid-enrolled children compared to those with private insurance (1.36 vs. 0.91), but mean expenditures per ED visit were 28% lower. The mean number of non-ED outpatient visits was similar (12.6 vs. 11.5) but mean expenditures were 40% lower for the Medicaid-enrolled children ($3,557 vs. $5,908). The mean expenditures on drug claims were higher among those with Medicaid than private insurance ($1,049 vs. $531). Mean total expenditures for children with SCD enrolled in Medicaid were 25% lower than for privately insured children ($11,075 vs. $14,722). The samples were comparable with respect to SCD-related inpatient discharge diagnoses and use of outpatient blood transfusions. Conclusions. Children with SCD enrolled in Medicaid had lower expenditures than privately insured children, despite higher utilization of medical care, which indicates lower average reimbursements. Research is needed to assess the quality of care delivered to Medicaid-enrolled children with SCD and its relation to health outcomes. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53: 642-646. Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Mvundura, Mercy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Gen, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Amendah, Djesika; Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kavanagh, Patricia L.; Sprinz, Philippa G.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Kavanagh, Patricia L.; Sprinz, Philippa G.] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. RP Mvundura, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Gen, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mailstop K-89, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mmvundura@cdc.gov OI Kavanagh, Patricia/0000-0002-3312-1576; Mvundura, Mercy/0000-0002-7711-9558 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 19 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1545-5009 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD OCT PY 2009 VL 53 IS 4 BP 642 EP 646 DI 10.1002/pbc.22069 PG 5 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA 487SJ UT WOS:000269295500023 PM 19492318 ER PT J AU Cortes, JE Curns, AT Tate, JE Parashar, UD AF Cortes, Jennifer E. Curns, Aaron T. Tate, Jacqueline E. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Trends in Healthcare Utilization for Diarrhea and Rotavirus Disease in Privately Insured US Children < 5 Years of Age, 2001-2006 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gastroenteritis; rotavirus; vaccine; disease burden ID UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; GASTROENTERITIS; SURVEILLANCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VACCINATION; POPULATION; IMPACT AB Background: To assess impact of the new US rotavirus immunization program initiated in 2006, robust baseline data on diarrhea and rotavirus disease burden are needed. While several studies have assessed burden in inpatient settings, few data are available for emergency department (ED) and outpatient settings. Methods: We used the MarketScan databases, a large claims-based data repository, to analyze the health and economic burden of diarrhea-related healthcare encounters in children <5 years in inpatient, ED, and outpatient settings from 2001 to 2006. Because rotavirus testing and coding are not routinely performed, rotavirus burden was estimated by calculating excess diarrhea events during winter compared with summer baseline (winter residual method). Results: Between 2001 and 2006, the average annual rate of healthcare utilization for diarrhea was 1561 per 10,000 children <5 years, with a hospitalization rate of 50 per 10,000, ED visit rate of 180 per 10,000, and outpatient visit rate of 1332 per 10,000. The winter residual method attributed 53% of inpatient, 41% of ED, and 23% of outpatient diarrhea events to rotavirus. By age 5, we estimated that I in 74 children are admitted, I in 27 require ED care, and I in 7 are treated in outpatient settings for rotavirus illness. Median payments for rotavirus in inpatient, ED, and outpatient settings were $3135, $332, and $90, respectively. Conclusions: Rotavirus causes substantial health and economic burden in US children, especially in ED and outpatient settings. Future monitoring through claims-based data sources should allow assessment of rotavirus vaccine impact on healthcare utilization for diarrhea. C1 [Cortes, Jennifer E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cortes, Jennifer E.] Off Workforce & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cortes, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-47, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hgi9@cdc.gov FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA016672] NR 20 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 28 IS 10 BP 874 EP 878 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181a653cd PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 501UI UT WOS:000270407800004 PM 19590460 ER PT J AU Ouyang, L Grosse, SD Amendah, DD Schechter, MS AF Ouyang, Lijing Grosse, Scott D. Amendah, Djesika D. Schechter, Michael S. TI Healthcare Expenditures for Privately Insured People With Cystic Fibrosis SO PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cystic fibrosis; expenditures; complications; cost ID CHILDREN; POPULATION; ADULTS; COSTS AB With improved survival and new therapies for people with cystic fibrosis (CF), updated information on medical care expenditures for those individuals is needed. We estimated medical care expenditures, including both insurance reimbursements and patient out-of-pocket expenses, for privately insured people with CF and investigated how those expenditures varied with certain complications of CF From a private insurance claims database of people covered by health plans associated with large corporate employers, we identified people with CF who were currently receiving medical care for the disorder and characterized their medical expenditures during the period 2004-2006. We selected a matching group of people who did not have CF based on age, sex, and geographic area, and calculated incremental expenditures associated with CF We also examined the effect of age and certain complications of CF on these expenditures. The annual medical care expenditure for a person with actively managed CF averaged $48,098 in 2006 dollars, which was 22 times higher than for a person without CF This ratio is high relative to other chronic disorders. Outpatient prescription medications made up the largest component of total expenditures for people with CF (39%). Those who were recorded in claims data as having a liver or lung transplant, malnutrition, diabetes, or a chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infection incurred much higher expenditures than people without these conditions. People with CF will incur high medical expenditures throughout their lifespan. These findings will assist in the development of economic evaluations of future CF screening and management initiatives. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:989-996. 2009 (C) Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Ouyang, Lijing; Grosse, Scott D.; Amendah, Djesika D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schechter, Michael S.] Emory Univ, Emory Cyst Fibrosis Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Ouyang, L (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM louyang@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 8755-6863 EI 1099-0496 J9 PEDIATR PULM JI Pediatr. Pulmonol. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 44 IS 10 BP 989 EP 996 DI 10.1002/ppul.21090 PG 8 WC Pediatrics; Respiratory System SC Pediatrics; Respiratory System GA 505OJ UT WOS:000270703200006 PM 19768806 ER PT J AU Bocchini, JA Bernstein, HH Bradley, JS Brady, MT Byington, CL Fisher, MC Glode, MP Jackson, MA Keyserling, HL Kimberlin, DW Orenstein, WA Schutze, GE Willoughby, RE Dennehy, PH Frenck, RW Rubin, LG Bell, B Bortolussi, R Clover, RD Fischer, MA Gellin, B Gorman, RL Pratt, RD Lee, L Read, JS Starke, JR Swanson, J Baker, CJ Long, SS Pickering, LK Ledbetter, EO Meissner, HC O'Dell, JD Weinberg, ST Frantz, J AF Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr. Bernstein, Henry H. Bradley, John S. Brady, Michael T. Byington, Carrie L. Fisher, Margaret C. Glode, Mary P. Jackson, Mary Anne Keyserling, Harry L. Kimberlin, David W. Orenstein, Walter A. Schutze, Gordon E. Willoughby, Rodney E. Dennehy, Penelope H. Frenck, Robert W., Jr. Rubin, Lorry G. Bell, Beth Bortolussi, Robert Clover, Richard D. Fischer, Marc A. Gellin, Bruce Gorman, Richard L. Pratt, R. Douglas Lee, Lucia Read, Jennifer S. Starke, Jeffrey R. Swanson, Jack Baker, Carol J. Long, Sarah S. Pickering, Larry K. Ledbetter, Edgar O. Meissner, H. Cody O'Dell, J. Dennis Weinberg, Stuart T. Frantz, Jennifer CA Comm Infect Dis TI Policy Statement-Recommendations for the Prevention and Treatment of Influenza in Children, 2009-2010 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE influenza; novel influenza A (H1N1) virus; immunization; live-attenuated influenza vaccine; trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine; vaccine; children; pediatrics ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES AB The purpose of this statement is to update current recommendations for routine use of trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine and antiviral medications for the prevention and treatment of influenza in children. Pediatrics 2009; 124: 1216-1226 C1 [Bell, Beth; Fischer, Marc A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bortolussi, Robert] Canadian Paediat Soc, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Clover, Richard D.] Amer Acad Family Phys, Leawood, KS USA. [Gorman, Richard L.; Read, Jennifer S.] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Pratt, R. Douglas; Lee, Lucia] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM jfrantz@aap.org OI Dennehy, Penelope/0000-0002-2259-5370; Byington, Carrie/0000-0002-7350-9495 NR 5 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 4 BP 1216 EP 1226 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-1806 PG 11 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 500CI UT WOS:000270274300028 ER PT J AU Krug, SE Bojko, T Fein, JA Fitzmaurice, LS Frush, KS Hampers, LC O'Malley, PJ Sapien, RE Sirbaugh, PE Tenenbein, M Yamamoto, LG Brown, K Johnson, RW Barata, IA Benjamin, LS Bundy, L Callahan, JM Cantor, RM Colletti, JE Cordle, RJ Dietrich, AM Herman, MI Holtzman, DK Hostetler, MA Ishimine, P Joseph, M Litell, JM Markenson, DS Mehta, S Muniz, AE Ojo, A Pillow, MT Schwartz, GR Sharieff, GQ Sharieff, GQ Johnson, RW Barata, IA Benjamin, LS Brown, K Brown, LA Burbulys, DB Callahan, JM Chan, C Colletti, JE Cordle, RJ Finkler, JH Herman, MI Holtzman, DK Hernandez, DA Hostetler, MA Ishimine, P Mace, SE McCollough, MD Sacchetti, AD Schwartz, GR Bolick, BN Caten, L Lozano, K Marshall, C Stevens, N Papa, A Gausche-Hill, M Krug, SE Blum, F Bullock, K Burt, CW Chamberlain, J Foltin, GL Frush, K Johnson, R Kavanaugh, D Middleton, K Sharieff, G Sacchetti, A Snow, SK Wiebe, RA Wright, JL AF Krug, Steven E. Bojko, Thomas Fein, Joel A. Fitzmaurice, Laura S. Frush, Karen S. Hampers, Louis C. O'Malley, Patricia J. Sapien, Robert E. Sirbaugh, Paul E. Tenenbein, Milton Yamamoto, Loren G. Brown, Kathleen Johnson, Ramon W. Barata, Isabel A. Benjamin, Lee S. Bundy, Lisa Callahan, James M. Cantor, Richard M. Colletti, James E. Cordle, Randolph J. Dietrich, Ann Marie Herman, Martin I. Holtzman, Douglas K. Hostetler, Mark A. Ishimine, Paul Joseph, Madeline Litell, John M. Markenson, David S. Mehta, Sanjay Muniz, Antonio E. Ojo, Aderonke Pillow, Malford T. Schwartz, Gerald R. Sharieff, Ghazala Q. Sharieff, Ghazala Q. Johnson, Ramon W. Barata, Isabel A. Benjamin, Lee S. Brown, Kathleen Brown, Lance A. Burbulys, David B. Callahan, James M. Chan, Cindy Colletti, James E. Cordle, Randolph J. Finkler, Joseph H. Herman, Martin I. Holtzman, Douglas K. Hernandez, Dennis A. Hostetler, Mark A. Ishimine, Paul Mace, Sharon E. McCollough, Maureen D. Sacchetti, Alfred D. Schwartz, Gerald R. Bolick, Beth N. Caten, Liesel Lozano, Kathleen Marshall, Christine Stevens, Nancy Papa, AnnMarie Gausche-Hill, Marianne Krug, Steven E. Blum, Frederick Bullock, Kim Burt, Catherine W. Chamberlain, James Foltin, George L. Frush, Karen Johnson, Ramon Kavanaugh, Dan Middleton, Kimberly Sharieff, Ghazala Sacchetti, Al Snow, Sally K. Wiebe, Robert A. Wright, Joseph L. CA Amer Acad Pediat Comm Pediat Emergency Med Amer Coll Emergency Phys Pediat Comm Emergency Nurses Assoc Pediat Comm TI Joint Policy Statement-Guidelines for Care of Children in the Emergency Department SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE pediatric emergency preparedness ID PEDIATRIC-PATIENTS; PREPAREDNESS; SEDATION; DEATH AB Children who require emergency care have unique needs, especially when emergencies are serious or life-threatening. The majority of ill and injured children are brought to community hospital emergency departments (EDs) by virtue of their geography within communities. Similarly, emergency medical services (EMS) agencies provide the bulk of out-of-hospital emergency care to children. It is imperative, therefore, that all hospital EDs have the appropriate resources (medications, equipment, policies, and education) and staff to provide effective emergency care for children. This statement outlines resources necessary to ensure that hospital EDs stand ready to care for children of all ages, from neonates to adolescents. These guidelines are consistent with the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine's report on the future of emergency care in the United States health system. Although resources within emergency and trauma care systems vary locally, regionally, and nationally, it is essential that hospital ED staff and administrators and EMS systems' administrators and medical directors seek to meet or exceed these guidelines in efforts to optimize the emergency care of children they serve. This statement has been endorsed by the Academic Pediatric Association, American Academy of Family Physicians, American Academy of Physician Assistants, American College of Osteopathic Emergency Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Association, American Medical Association, American Pediatric Surgical Association, Brain Injury Association of America, Child Health Corporation of America, Children's National Medical Center, Family Voices, National Association of Children's Hospitals and Related Institutions, National Association of EMS Physicians, National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians, National Association of State EMS Officials, National Committee for Quality Assurance, National PTA, Safe Kids USA, Society of Trauma Nurses, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and The Joint Commission. Pediatrics 2009; 124: 1233-1243 C1 [Gausche-Hill, Marianne; Blum, Frederick; Johnson, Ramon; Sharieff, Ghazala; Sacchetti, Al] Amer Coll Emergency Phys, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Krug, Steven E.; Chamberlain, James; Foltin, George L.; Frush, Karen; Wiebe, Robert A.] Amer Acad Pediat, Elk Grove Village, IL USA. [Bullock, Kim] Amer Acad Family Phys, Leawood, KS USA. [Burt, Catherine W.; Middleton, Kimberly] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Snow, Sally K.] Emergency Nurses Assoc, Des Plaines, IL USA. RI eshaghian, azam/Q-8826-2016 OI eshaghian, azam/0000-0001-7918-2895 FU US Department of Health and Human Services; Health Resources and Services Administration's Maternal and Child Health Bureau [U93MC00184]; Emergency Medical Services for Children National Resource Center at Children's National Medical Center [U07MC09174] FX Development of this statement was supported by the US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration's Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Partnership for Information and Communication Project (U93MC00184) and the Emergency Medical Services for Children National Resource Center at Children's National Medical Center (U07MC09174). The statement is also consistent with recommendations of the Institute of Medicine's report on the future of emergency care in the US health system. NR 44 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 4 BP 1233 EP 1243 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-1807 PG 11 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 500CI UT WOS:000270274300030 ER PT J AU Bartick, M Stuebe, A Shealy, KR Walker, M Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Bartick, Melissa Stuebe, Alison Shealy, Katherine R. Walker, Marsha Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Closing the Quality Gap: Promoting Evidence-Based Breastfeeding Care in the Hospital SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE breastfeeding; hospitals; maternity; health care quality; quality indicators; quality improvement; health care; infant; newborn ID BABY-FRIENDLY HOSPITALS; UNITED-STATES; OF-INTEREST; 1ST YEAR; FORMULA; DURATION; IMPROVEMENT; INDUSTRY; PROPOSAL; CENTERS AB Evidence shows that hospital-based practices affect breastfeeding duration and exclusivity throughout the first year of life. However, a 2007 CDC survey of US maternity facilities documented poor adherence with evidence-based practice. Of a possible score of 100 points, the average hospital scored only 63 with great regional disparities. Inappropriate provision and promotion of infant formula were common, despite evidence that such practices reduce breastfeeding success. Twenty-four percent of facilities reported regularly giving non-breast milk supplements to more than half of all healthy, full-term infants. Metrics available for measuring quality of breastfeeding care, range from comprehensive Baby-Friendly Hospital Certification to compliance with individual steps such as the rate of in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding. Other approaches to improving quality of breastfeeding care include ( 1) education of hospital decision-makers (eg, through publications, seminars, professional organization statements, benchmark reports to hospitals, and national grassroots campaigns), ( 2) recognition of excellence, such as through Baby-Friendly hospital designation, ( 3) oversight by accrediting organizations such as the Joint Commission or state hospital authorities, ( 4) public reporting of indicators of the quality of breastfeeding care, ( 5) pay-for-performance incentives, in which Medicaid or other third-party payers provide additional financial compensation to individual hospitals that meet certain quality standards, and ( 6) regional collaboratives, in which staff from different hospitals work together to learn from each other and meet quality improvement goals at their home institutions. Such efforts, as well as strong central leadership, could affect both initiation and duration of breastfeeding, with substantial, lasting benefits for maternal and child health. Pediatrics 2009; 124: e793-e802 C1 [Bartick, Melissa] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Bartick, Melissa] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Cambridge Hlth Alliance, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Stuebe, Alison] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal & Fetal Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Shealy, Katherine R.; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Walker, Marsha] Natl Alliance Breastfeeding Advocacy, Weston, MA USA. RP Bartick, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Cambridge Hlth Alliance, 1493 Cambridge St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM melissabartick@gmail.com NR 57 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 4 BP E793 EP E802 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-0430 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 500CI UT WOS:000270274300064 PM 19752082 ER PT J AU Singleton, RJ Wirsing, EA Haberling, DL Christensen, KY Paddock, CD Hilinski, JA Stoll, BJ Holman, RC AF Singleton, Rosalyn J. Wirsing, Elisabeth A. Haberling, Dana L. Christensen, Krista Y. Paddock, Christopher D. Hilinski, Joseph A. Stoll, Barbara J. Holman, Robert C. TI Risk Factors for Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Death Among Infants in the United States, 1999-2004 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE infants; lower respiratory tract infection; respiratory; death; mortality; epidemiology; American Indian; Alaska Native; low birth weight; pneumonia; bronchiolitis; race ID ALASKA NATIVE CHILDREN; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; AMERICAN-INDIANS; MORTALITY; HOSPITALIZATIONS; HEALTH; TRENDS; POPULATION; ILLNESSES AB OBJECTIVE: To describe maternal and birth-related risk factors associated with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) deaths among infants. METHODS: Records for infants with LRTI as a cause of death were examined by using the linked birth/infant death database for 1999-2004. Singleton infants dying with LRTI and a random sample of surviving singleton infants were compared for selected characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 5420 LRTI-associated infant deaths were documented in the United States during 1999-2004, for an LRTI-associated infant mortality rate of 22.3 per 100 000 live births. Rates varied according to race; the rate for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) infants was highest (53.2), followed by black (44.1), white (18.7), and Asian/Pacific Islander infants (12.3). Singleton infants with low birth weight (< 2500 g) were at increased risk of dying with LRTI after controlling for other characteristics, especially black infants. Both AI/AN and black infants born with a birth weight of < 2500 g were more likely to have died with LRTI than other infants of the same birth weight. Other risk factors associated with LRTI infant death included male gender, the third or more live birth, an Apgar score of < 8, unmarried mother, mother with < 12 years of education, mother < 25 years of age, and mother using tobacco during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Low birth weight was associated with markedly increased risk for LRTI-associated death among all of the racial groups. Among infants with a birth weight of >= 2500 g, AI/AN and black infants were at higher risk of LRTI-associated death, even after controlling for maternal and birth-related factors. Additional studies and strategies should focus on the prevention of maternal and birth-related risk factors for postneonatal LRTI and on identifying additional risk factors that contribute to elevated mortality among AI/AN and black infants. Pediatrics 2009; 124: e768-e776 C1 [Singleton, Rosalyn J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis,US Dept Hlth & Human, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Singleton, Rosalyn J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. [Wirsing, Elisabeth A.; Haberling, Dana L.; Christensen, Krista Y.; Paddock, Christopher D.; Holman, Robert C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis,US Dept Hlth & Human, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hilinski, Joseph A.; Stoll, Barbara J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Singleton, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis,US Dept Hlth & Human, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM ris2@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 4 BP E768 EP E776 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-0109 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 500CI UT WOS:000270274300061 PM 19786437 ER PT J AU Dorsey, RR Eberhardt, MS Gregg, EW Geiss, LS AF Dorsey, Rashida R. Eberhardt, Mark S. Gregg, Edward W. Geiss, Linda S. TI Control of Risk Factors Among People With Diagnosed Diabetes, by Lower Extremity Disease Status SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Introduction We examined the control of modifiable risk factors among a national sample of diabetic people with and without lower extremity disease (LED). Methods The sample from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey consisted of 948 adults aged 40 years or older with diagnosed diabetes and who had been assessed for LED. LED was defined as peripheral arterial disease (ankle-brachial index <0.9), peripheral neuropathy (>= 1 insensate area), or presence of foot ulcer. Good control of modifiable risk factors, based on American Diabetes Association recommendations, included being a nonsmoker and having the following measurements: hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) less than 7%, systolic blood pressure less than or equal to 130 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 80 mm Hg, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol greater than 50 mg/dL, and body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 kg/m(2) and 24.9 kg/m(2). Results Diabetic people with LED were less likely than were people without LED to have recommended levels of HbA1c (39.3% vs 53.5%) and HDL cholesterol (29.7% vs 41.1%), but there were no differences in systolic or diastolic blood pressure, BMI classification, or smoking status between people with and without LED. Control of some risk factors differed among population subgroups. Notably, among diabetic people with LED, non-Hispanic blacks were more likely to have improper control of HbA1c (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-3.9), systolic blood pressure (AOR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.2), and diastolic blood pressure (AOR = 2.6; 95% CI, 1.1-5.8), compared with non-Hispanic whites. Conclusion Control of 2 of 6 modifiable risk factors was worse in diabetic adults with LED compared with diabetic adults without LED. Among diabetic people with LED, non-Hispanic blacks had worse control of 3 of 6 risk factors compared with non-Hispanic whites. C1 [Dorsey, Rashida R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dorsey, Rashida R.; Eberhardt, Mark S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Gregg, Edward W.; Geiss, Linda S.] CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dorsey, RR (reprint author), 200 Independence Ave,SW,Rm 446F 7, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM rrdorsey@gmail.com NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 AR A114 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RY UT WOS:000208158300004 PM 19754990 ER PT J AU Friedman, C AF Friedman, Carol TI The Promise of Comprehensive Cancer Control SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Friedman, C (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E 52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cxf7@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 AR A111 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RY UT WOS:000208158300001 PM 19754987 ER PT J AU Jenkins, TM Chapman, KL Harshbarger, DS Townsend, JS AF Jenkins, Todd M. Chapman, Kathryn L. Harshbarger, Dorothy S. Townsend, Julie S. TI Hospice Use Among Cancer Decedents in Alabama, 2002-2005 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Introduction Most studies that describe hospice use among cancer patients use the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database, which has known limitations. We used vital records data to describe patterns of hospice use among cancer decedents in Alabama. Methods To ascertain hospice use, we linked death certificates from 2002 through 2005 for people who died from cancer to listings of deaths reported by hospices. To evaluate accessibility of care, we calculated straight-line distances between decedent residence at death and the hospice providing care. We used these distances to estimate the reach of each hospice and identify the number of hospice nonusers residing in these areas. Results During the study period, 52.0% of cancer decedents in Alabama received hospice care from 165 hospices. Nearly two-thirds of Alabama counties contain at least 1 hospice. Whites (53.6%) used hospice at a significantly higher rate than blacks (47.0%), but the rate of use was similar for women (53.2%) and men (51.0%). For people who were eligible for Medicare, 53.0% received hospice care. The median distance between decedent's residence and the hospice providing care was 9.8 miles. This distance was slightly shorter for blacks than whites and roughly equal by sex. Conclusion Alabamians use hospice at lower rates than observed elsewhere. Barriers to hospice care in Alabama must be identified and addressed. C1 [Chapman, Kathryn L.; Harshbarger, Dorothy S.] Alabama Dept Publ Hlth, Montgomery, AL 36104 USA. [Jenkins, Todd M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Townsend, Julie S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chapman, KL (reprint author), Alabama Dept Publ Hlth, 201 Monroe St,Ste 1478, Montgomery, AL 36104 USA. EM kchapman@adph.state.al.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U55/CCU421939-05] FX Funding for this project was provided by a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U55/CCU421939-05). NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 AR A119 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RY UT WOS:000208158300009 PM 19754995 ER PT J AU Major, A Stewart, SL AF Major, Anne Stewart, Sherri L. TI Celebrating 10 Years of the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program, 1998 to 2008 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article C1 [Major, Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Major, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM acs0@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 AR A133 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RY UT WOS:000208158300023 PM 19755009 ER PT J AU Townsend, JS Richardson, LC Steele, CB White, DE AF Townsend, Julie S. Richardson, Lisa C. Steele, C. Brooke White, Dana E. TI Evidence-Based Interventions and Screening Recommendations for Colorectal Cancer in Comprehensive Cancer Control Plans: A Content Analysis SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Introduction Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and third leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The extent to which Comprehensive Cancer Control (CCC) programs in states, tribal governments and organizations, territories, and Pacific Island jurisdictions address evidence-based recommendations and interventions for colorectal cancer in their CCC plans is largely unknown. Methods We downloaded CCC plans posted on the Cancer Control PLANET Web site for review. We searched the plans for key terms, identifying potential evidence-based content surrounding colorectal cancer prevention and early detection. Content was abstracted for further review and classification. Results Of 55 plans reviewed, 54 (98%) referred to evidence-based recommendations or interventions for colorectal cancer or indicated they intended to refer to the evidence base when developing programs. More than 57% (n = 31) of programs referred to the American Cancer Society guidelines, 41% (n = 22) referred to the United States Preventive Services Task Force, and 11% (n = 6) referred to the Guide to Community Preventive Services. Few programs mentioned Research Tested Intervention Programs (n = 1), National Cancer Institute's Physician Data Query (n = 4), Cochrane Reviews (n = 2), or Put Prevention Into Practice (n = 2) in reference to evidence-based interventions for colorectal cancer prevention. Conclusion Most CCC programs discussed either evidence-based screening guidelines or interventions in their cancer plans, although many mentioned this information exclusively as background information. We recommend that program planners be trained to locate evidence-based interventions and use consistent common language to describe them in their plans. CCC program planners should be encouraged to conduct and publish intervention studies. C1 [Townsend, Julie S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Townsend, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mail Stop K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jtownsend@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 AR A127 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RY UT WOS:000208158300017 PM 19755003 ER PT J AU Williams, D Kaufman, R Hayden, J Robinson, M Tai, E AF Williams, Donna Kaufman, Randi Hayden, Jennifer Robinson, Melody Tai, Eric TI Comprehensive Cancer Control in the Eye of Hurricane Katrina SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Letter C1 [Williams, Donna; Kaufman, Randi; Hayden, Jennifer; Robinson, Melody] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Tai, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Williams, D (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 AR A139 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V20RY UT WOS:000208158300029 PM 19755015 ER PT J AU Pratt, M Epping, JN Dietz, WH AF Pratt, Michael Epping, Jacqueline N. Dietz, William H. TI Putting physical activity into public health: A historical perspective from the CDC SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Public health; Nutrition and obesity; Global health; Intervention efficacy; Physical activity; Cardiovascular disease ID ACTIVITY INTERVENTIONS AB This commentary reviews the role that the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has played since 1964 in moving science, policy, and practice from exercise and fitness to physical activity and health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Pratt, Michael; Epping, Jacqueline N.; Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Pratt, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,K-46 Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mpratt@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 IS 4 BP 301 EP 302 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.011 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 515EZ UT WOS:000271451700010 PM 19555709 ER PT J AU Porter, CH AF Porter, Charles H. TI WYEOMYIA (HYSTATOMYIA) BALTAE, A NEW SPECIES OF SABETHINI (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) FROM PERU SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Guzmania; mosquito; Neotropical; taxonomy AB Wyeomyia (Hystatomyia) baltae Porter, new species is described from specimens reared from the tank bromeliad Guzmania lindenii var. concolor Rauh growing in humid premontane forest on the eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes. The description, with relevant illustrations, is of the adult male and female, as well as the pupal and larval stages. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Porter, CH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cporter@cdc.gov FU National Geographic Society; Departments of Cusco and Madre de Dios of Peru [7731-04]; Naval Medical Research Center Detachment - Lima, Peru (NMRCD Lima); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Grateful acknowledgment is given to the National Geographic Society for support of the field studies, which were undertaken in the Departments of Cusco and Madre de Dios of Peru (grant no. 7731-04). Recognition is given to the Naval Medical Research Center Detachment - Lima, Peru (NMRCD Lima), with special thanks to the Officer-in-Charge, Capt. Gregory J. Martin, and to Lt. Jeffrey Stancil. Special thanks are also extended to local NMRCD Lima staff, including Zoe Moran for administrative assistance and Roberto Fernandez who participated in the field studies and rearing of specimens. I am grateful for the very significant contribution of Philip K. Wittman (Canopy Quest) who participated in the field studies, recorded field data, and photographed most of the phytotelmata sampled. Thanks are also extended to Ricardo Fernandez (Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima) for collecting and preparing herbarium specimens of many of the phytotelm plants sampled. Jose Luis Venero Gonzales (Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad) was very helpful with regard to selection of the study area and relevant ecological data. I am grateful to Harry E. Luther (Selby Botanical Gardens) for identification of bromeliads and to Yasmin Rubio-Palis for loan of specimens of Wy. lopezii. Special thanks also are given to Richard C. Wilkerson and James E. Pecor (both Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History) for allowing me to examine types and other relevant specimens and for their helpful suggestions. I am grateful to Ralph E. Harbach (The Natural History Museum, London) for a very helpful review of the manuscript). Taina R. Litwak (Litwak Illustration Studio) prepared the excellent illustrations. Finally, I am grateful to Robert A. Wirtz (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for essential support throughout this endeavor. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 111 IS 4 BP 807 EP 825 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.4.807 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 515FQ UT WOS:000271453600005 ER PT J AU Gillum, RF Santibanez, S Bennett, G Donahue, M AF Gillum, R. F. Santibanez, Scott Bennett, Glen Donahue, Michael TI ASSOCIATIONS OF PRAYER, MIND-BODY THERAPY, AND SMOKING CESSATION IN A NATIONAL SURVEY SO PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; INTERVENTIONS; RELAXATION; PROGRAM; ADULTS; HEART; SOUL AB Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death. Many people use mind-body therapies and/or prayer to assist them in smoking cessation, but more information on their effectiveness is needed. In the 2002 National Health Interview Survey, 5,864 persons aged 18 or older reported smoking in the prior 12 mo.; among these, users of any of 10 mind-body therapies or prayer were compared to nonusers to assess smoking cessation attempts and smoking cessation over a 1-yr. period. Weighted logistic regression showed that the adjusted odds of reporting quit attempts during the year prior to interview or of reporting no longer smoking at interview were significantly higher in those using prayer alone, ally mind-body therapy alone, or both, compared with those who used neither. In the Subset of 2,839 persons who reported smoking 12 mo. prior to interview and attempting to quit during the year prior to interview, the odds of reporting no longer smoking at interview were no greater for those who used prayer, any mind-body therapy, or both, than in those using neither. C1 [Gillum, R. F.] Howard Univ, Sch Divin, Washington, DC 20017 USA. [Gillum, R. F.] Howard Univ, Coll Med, Washington, DC 20017 USA. [Santibanez, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bennett, Glen] Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Donahue, Michael] Inst Psychol Sci, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Gillum, RF (reprint author), Howard Univ, Sch Divin, Washington, DC 20017 USA. EM frank.gillum@gmail.com NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMMONS SCIENTIFIC, LTD PI MISSOULA PA PO BOX 9229, MISSOULA, MT 59807-9229 USA SN 0033-2941 J9 PSYCHOL REP JI Psychol. Rep. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 105 IS 2 BP 593 EP 604 DI 10.2466/PR0.105.2.593-604 PG 12 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 508TM UT WOS:000270959200029 PM 19928621 ER PT J AU Nakata, A Takahashi, M Swanson, NG Ikeda, T Hojou, M AF Nakata, A. Takahashi, M. Swanson, N. G. Ikeda, T. Hojou, M. TI Active cigarette smoking, secondhand smoke exposure at work and home, and self-rated health SO PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Cigarette smoking; Secondhand smoke; Self-rated health; Worker; Occupational health; Small and medium-size business ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PASSIVE SMOKING; PERCEIVED HEALTH; REPORTED HEALTH; 2ND-HAND SMOKE; SMALL-SCALE; LIFE-STYLE; HONG-KONG; FOLLOW-UP; MORTALITY AB Objectives: Although active smoking has been reported to be associated with poor self-rated health (SRH), its association with secondhand smoke (SHS) is not well understood. Study design: A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the association of active smoking and SHS exposure with SRH. Methods: A total of 2558 workers (1899 men and 689 women), aged 16-83 (mean 45) years, in 296 small and medium-sized enterprises were surveyed by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Smoking status and exposure levels to SHS (no, occasional or regular) among lifetime non-smokers were assessed separately at work and at home. SRH was assessed with the question: How would you describe your health during the past 1-year period (very poor, poor, good, very good)? SRH was dichotomized into suboptimal (poor, very poor) and optimal (good, very good). Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for reporting suboptimal vs optimal SRH according to smoking status and smoke exposure were calculated. Results: Current heavy smokers (20+ cigarettes/day) had a significantly increased suboptimal SRH than lifetime non-smokers after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, physical and occupational factors (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.06-1.69). Similarly, lifetime non-smokers occasionally exposed to SHS at work alone had worse SRH than their unexposed counterparts (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.02-2.11). In contrast, lifetime nonsmokers exposed at home alone had no significant increase in suboptimal SRH. Conclusions: The present study indicates an increase in suboptimal SRH among current heavy smokers, and suggests that SHS exposure at work is a possible risk factor for non-smokers. Whether or not the association is causal, control of smoking at work may protect workers from developing future health conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Royal Society for Public Health. C1 [Nakata, A.; Swanson, N. G.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Takahashi, M.] Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. [Ikeda, T.] Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Dept Occupat & Publ Hlth, Sch Hlth Sci, Fukuoka, Japan. [Hojou, M.] Ota Reg Occupat Hlth Ctr, Tokyo, Japan. RP Nakata, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM cji5@cdc.gov RI Nakata, Akinori/A-2399-2008 FU Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [16659634] FX The research was supported in part by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (grant-in-aid for exploratory research: 16659634). NR 48 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0033-3506 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH JI Public Health PD OCT PY 2009 VL 123 IS 10 BP 650 EP 656 DI 10.1016/j.puhe.2009.09.006 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 533CH UT WOS:000272799300004 PM 19875139 ER PT J AU Sachs, MC Enright, PL Stukovsky, KDH Jiang, R Barr, RG AF Sachs, Michael C. Enright, Paul L. Stukovsky, Karen D. Hinckley Jiang, Rui Barr, R. Graham CA Multi-Ethnic Study Atherosclerosis TI Performance of Maximum Inspiratory Pressure Tests and Maximum Inspiratory Pressure Reference Equations for 4 Race/Ethnic Groups SO RESPIRATORY CARE LA English DT Article DE diaphragm strength; respiratory muscle strength; maximum inspiratory pressure; quality control; pulmonary function testing ID RESPIRATORY MUSCLE STRENGTH; REFERENCE VALUES; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DETERMINANTS; SPIROMETRY; RISK AB BACKGROUND: Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) is an important and noninvasive index of diaphragm strength and an independent predictor of all-cause mortality. The ability of adults over a wide age range and multiple race/ethnicities; to perform MIP tests has previously not been evaluated. METHODS: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis recruited white, African American, Hispanic, and Chinese American participants, ages 45-84 years, and free of clinical cardiovascular disease in 6 United States cities. MIP was measured using standard techniques among 3,849 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants. The MIP quality goal was 5 maneuvers, with the 2 largest values matching within 10 cm H(2)O. Correlates of MIP quality and values were assessed in logistic and linear regression models. RESULTS: The 3,849 participants with MIP measures were 51% female, 35% white, 26% African American, 23% Hispanic, and 16% Chinese American. Mean +/- SD MIP was 73 +/- 26 cm H(2)O for women and 97 +/- 29 cm H(2)O for men. The quality goal was achieved by 83% of the cohort and was associated with female sex, older age, race/ethnicity, study site, low ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC), and wheeze with dyspnea. The multivariate correlates of MIP were male sex, younger age, higher body mass index, shorter height, higher FVC, higher systolic blood pressure (in women) and health status (in men). There were no clinically important race/ethnic differences in MIP values. CONCLUSIONS: Race-specific reference equations for MIP are unnecessary in the United States. More than 80% of adults can be successfully coached for 5 maneuvers, with repeatability within 10 cm H(2)O. C1 [Jiang, Rui; Barr, R. Graham] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Sachs, Michael C.; Stukovsky, Karen D. Hinckley] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Enright, Paul L.] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Resp Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Enright, Paul L.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barr, RG (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Coll Phys & Surg, 630 W 168th St,PH 9 E,Room 105, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM rgb9@columbia.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HC-95159, R01 HL077612, N01 HC095159, N01-HC-95165, R01 HL075476, N01HC95159, N01HC95169, N01-HC95169, R01-HL077612, N01 HC095169, N01HC95165] NR 19 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU DAEDALUS ENTERPRISES INC PI IRVING PA 9425 N MAC ARTHUR BLVD, STE 100, IRVING, TX 75063-4706 USA SN 0020-1324 J9 RESP CARE JI Respir. Care PD OCT PY 2009 VL 54 IS 10 BP 1321 EP 1328 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 509WZ UT WOS:000271051300006 PM 19796411 ER PT J AU Wassell, JT AF Wassell, James T. TI Workplace violence intervention effectiveness: A systematic literature review SO SAFETY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Workplace; Violence; Assault; Homicide; Occupational ID WORK-RELATED ASSAULT; RISK-FACTORS; PREVENTION STRATEGIES; ENVIRONMENTAL-DESIGN; MINNESOTA NURSES; CRIME-PREVENTION; ROBBERY RISK; PROGRAM; MANAGEMENT; AGGRESSION AB This is a systematic review of literature published since 1992, to determine the effectiveness of interventions in preventing workplace violence and to suggest interventions that need further evaluation research. The health care industry is the topic of 54% of the papers, the retail industry is the topic of 11% of the papers, and the remaining papers address the workplace in general or other situations. This finding drives the organization of this review: the first group of papers discussed in this review evaluates interventions to prevent workplace violence in the retail industry - mostly to prevent robbery and violence to retail workers. Singly or in combination, environmental designs in the retail industry, such as increased lighting to improve visibility and a limited cash-handling policy, can make workers safer, but more research is needed to overcome the barriers to implementation of environmental designs, especially in small businesses. The second group of papers in this review is about interventions to prevent violence to health care workers - mostly training and techniques of dealing with combative patients, Training health care workers to better cope with violent patients and to avoid injury is becoming standard practice, but research is needed to identify specific aspects of training and patient management programs that are most effective. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Div Safety Res, Anal & Field Evaluat Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Wassell, JT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Div Safety Res, Anal & Field Evaluat Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd,M-S 1811, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM JWassell@cdc.gov NR 57 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-7535 J9 SAFETY SCI JI Saf. Sci. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 47 IS 8 BP 1049 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/j.ssci.2008.12.001 PG 7 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 466AF UT WOS:000267631800001 ER PT J AU Shrestha, RK Begley, EB Hutchinson, AB Sansom, SL Song, BW Voorhees, K Busby, A Carrel, J Burgess, S AF Shrestha, Ram K. Begley, Elin B. Hutchinson, Angela B. Sansom, Stephanie L. Song, Binwei Voorhees, Kelly Busby, Amy Carrel, Jack Burgess, Samuel TI Costs and Effectiveness of Partner Counseling and Referral Services With Rapid Testing for HIV in Colorado and Louisiana, United States SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; NOTIFICATION; INFECTION; VIRUS; PREVENTION; STRATEGIES; SETTINGS AB Objective: Health departments offer partner counseling and referral services (PCRS) to HIV-infected index patients and their partners. Point-of-care rapid HIV testing makes it possible for partners of index patients to learn their HIV serostatus in nonclinical settings. Study Design: We assessed costs and effectiveness of PCRS with rapid HIV testing in Colorado and Louisiana (April 2004-January 2006). Colorado provided PCRS to the index patients and partners statewide; Louisiana provided PCRS to those in Baton Rouge and New Orleans. The key effectiveness measures were number of partners tested and number of partners informed of a new HIV diagnosis after rapid testing. We obtained program costs for personnel, travel, utilities, supplies, equipment, and facility space. Results: Colorado identified a yearly average of 328 index patients and 253 partners and tested 43 partners. Louisiana identified a yearly average of 81 index patients and 138 partners and tested 83 partners. The rates of previously undiagnosed HIV infection among partners tested were 6.6% in Colorado and 9.9% in Louisiana. The average costs per partner tested and per partner informed of a new HIV diagnosis were $1459 and $22,243 in Colorado and $714 and $7231 in Louisiana. Conclusions: Program cost,; varied substantially by location. Our analysis helps program managers and health care providers to understand the resources needed for implementing the PCRS in diverse settings. C1 [Shrestha, Ram K.; Begley, Elin B.; Hutchinson, Angela B.; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Song, Binwei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Voorhees, Kelly] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Busby, Amy; Carrel, Jack; Burgess, Samuel] Louisiana Off Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Shrestha, RK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Mail Stop E48,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM biu0@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 36 IS 10 BP 637 EP 641 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181a96d3d PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 500GN UT WOS:000270286900007 PM 19955875 ER PT J AU Christiansen-Lindquist, L Tao, GY Hoover, K Frank, R Kent, C AF Christiansen-Lindquist, Lauren Tao, Guoyu Hoover, Karen Frank, Robbie Kent, Charlotte TI Chlamydia Screening of Young Sexually Active, Medicaid-Insured Women by Race and Ethnicity, 2002-2005 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; RATES AB Objective: To estimate chlamydia screening rates of young sexually active Medicaid-insured women by race and ethnicity and age from 2002 to 2005. Methods: Using Medicaid child claims data from the MarketScan database, we estimated the proportion of sexually active women aged 15 to 21 years screened for chlamydia by race and ethnicity and by age group (15-16, 17-18, and 19-21 years) using codes for medical diagnostic and procedural claims. Results: Overall, chlamydia screening increased from 34% in 2002 to 44% in 2005. In all years, black women had significantly higher screening rates compared with white women (e.g., 51% vs. 39% in 2005). When stratified by age. black women were still significantly more likely to be screened for chlamydia than white women. Conclusions: Although it is encouraging that screening has increased over time and that black women were more likely to be screened than white women, rates remain suboptimal for all women. Effective and targeted interventions are needed to improve chlamydia screening of young women. As interventions to increase screening are developed and implemented, the estimation method described in this article can be used to track chlamydia screening trends in racial and ethnic populations over time. C1 [Christiansen-Lindquist, Lauren; Tao, Guoyu; Hoover, Karen; Frank, Robbie; Kent, Charlotte] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Christiansen-Lindquist, Lauren] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Tao, GY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gat3@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 36 IS 10 BP 642 EP 646 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181ab481b PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 500GN UT WOS:000270286900008 PM 19652631 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Chesson, HW AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Chesson, Harrell W. TI Using Spatial Regression Methods to Examine the Association Between County-Level Racial/Ethnic Composition and Reported Cases of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: An Illustration With Data From the State of Texas SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; SOCIAL-CONTEXT; CORE; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; BALTIMORE; NETWORKS AB Background: Several studies have reported racial/ethnic disparities in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases. However, very few studies have accounted for potential spatial dependence. Additionally, little is known about the relative magnitudes of the associations between county-level racial/ethnic composition and the 2 most commonly reported sexually transmitted diseases. Methods: We used county-level data from the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance and the 2000 Census data to investigate the association between county-level racial/ethnic composition and reported cases of the 2 most commonly reported sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia and gonorrhea) in Texas. We also estimated ordinary least square (OLS) models for comparison. Results: Preliminary results from the spatial regression models indicated that the choice of spatial relationships criteria was important for model specification. The spatial error model (SEM) was superior to the spatial autoregressive model, spatial Durbin model, and OLS. The SEM for the 2 disease equations were further analyzed using a seemingly unrelated regression estimation (SURE) procedure. Although the SEM was superior to all models (using standard criteria), the coefficients were fairly stable across models. Our results showed that a unit change in percent black was associated with 1.6 (1.1 for Hispanic) and 3.3 (0.5 for Hispanic) percent change in chlamydia and gonorrhea rates (on average), respectively, compared with percent white. Conclusion: Although there were no substantial differences in the magnitude of the estimated parameters, spatial regression models are potentially superior to OLS models and should be explored in future sexually transmitted disease studies. C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Chesson, Harrell W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 58 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 36 IS 10 BP 657 EP 664 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181b6ac93 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 500GN UT WOS:000270286900010 PM 19734821 ER PT J AU Liao, YL Greenlund, KJ Croft, JB Keenan, NL Giles, WH AF Liao, Youlian Greenlund, Kurt J. Croft, Janet B. Keenan, Nora L. Giles, Wayne H. TI Factors Explaining Excess Stroke Prevalence in the US Stroke Belt SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; public policy; risk factors ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; HYPERTENSION; REGION; VALIDITY; BLACKS; WHITES; HEALTH; RISK AB Background and Purpose-Higher risk and burden of stroke have been observed within the southeastern states (the Stroke Belt) compared with elsewhere in the United States. We examined reasons for these disparities using a large data set from a nationwide cross-sectional study. Methods-Self-reported data from the 2005 and 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used (n = 765 368). The potential contributors for self-reported stroke prevalence (n = 27 962) were demographics (age, sex, geography, and race/ethnicity), socioeconomic status (education and income), common risk factors (smoking and obesity), and chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease). Multivariate logistic regression was used in the analysis. Results-The age-and sex-adjusted OR comparing self-reported stroke prevalence in the 11-state Stroke Belt versus non-Stroke Belt region was 1.25 (95% CI, 1.19 to 1.31). Unequal black/white distribution by region accounted for 20% of the excess prevalence in the Stroke Belt (OR reduced to 1.20; 1.15 to 1.26). Approximately one third (32%) of the excess prevalence was accounted either by socioeconomic status alone or by risk factors and chronic disease alone (OR, 1.12). The OR was further reduced to 1.07 (1.02 to 1.13) in the fully adjusted logistic model, a 72% reduction. Conclusions-Differences in socioeconomic status, risk factors, and prevalence of common chronic diseases account for most of the regional differences in stroke prevalence. (Stroke. 2009;40:3336-3341.) C1 [Liao, Youlian; Greenlund, Kurt J.; Croft, Janet B.; Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Keenan, Nora L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Liao, YL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-30, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ycl1@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD OCT PY 2009 VL 40 IS 10 BP 3336 EP 3341 DI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.561688 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 499NV UT WOS:000270229800030 PM 19679841 ER PT J AU MacClellan, LR Howard, TD Cole, JW Stine, OC Giles, WH O'Connell, JR Wozniak, MA Stern, BJ Mitchell, BD Kittner, SJ AF MacClellan, Leah R. Howard, Timothy D. Cole, John W. Stine, O. Colin Giles, Wayne H. O'Connell, Jeffery R. Wozniak, Marcella A. Stern, Barney J. Mitchell, Braxton D. Kittner, Steven J. TI Relation of Candidate Genes that Encode for Endothelial Function to Migraine and Stroke The Stroke Prevention in Young Women Study SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE endothelium; ischemia; migraine; stroke in young adults ID SMALL-VESSEL DISEASE; OXIDE SYNTHASE GENE; NITRIC-OXIDE; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; RISK-FACTOR; NITRIC-OXIDE-SYNTHASE-3 GENE; PROMOTER POLYMORPHISMS; GLU298ASP POLYMORPHISM; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION AB Background and Purpose-Migraine with aura is a risk factor for ischemic stroke, but the mechanism by which these disorders are associated remains unclear. Both disorders exhibit familial clustering, which may imply a genetic influence on migraine and stroke risk. Genes encoding for endothelial function are promising candidate genes for migraine and stroke susceptibility because of the importance of endothelial function in regulating vascular tone and cerebral blood flow. Methods-Using data from the Stroke Prevention in Young Women study, a population-based case-control study including 297 women aged 15 to 49 years with ischemic stroke and 422 women without stroke, we evaluated whether polymorphisms in genes regulating endothelial function, including endothelin-1 (EDN), endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB), and nitric oxide synthase-3 (NOS3), confer susceptibility to migraine and stroke. Results-EDN SNP rs1800542 and rs10478723 were associated with increased stroke susceptibility in whites (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-4.2 and OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.4; P = 0.02 and 0.02, respectively), as were EDNRB SNP rs4885493 and rs10507875, (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.7 and OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.4-4.3; P = 0.01 and 0.002, respectively). Only 1 of the tested SNP (NOS3 rs3918166) was associated with both migraine and stroke. Conclusions-In our study population, variants in EDN and EDNRB were associated with stroke susceptibility in white but not in black women. We found no evidence that these genes mediate the association between migraine and stroke. (Stroke. 2009;40:e550-e557.) C1 [Cole, John W.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Maryland Stroke Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [MacClellan, Leah R.; Stine, O. Colin; Mitchell, Braxton D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [O'Connell, Jeffery R.; Mitchell, Braxton D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Howard, Timothy D.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Cole, John W.; Wozniak, Marcella A.; Stern, Barney J.; Kittner, Steven J.] VA Maryland Hlth Care Syst, Baltimore, MD USA. [Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cole, JW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Maryland Stroke Ctr, 12th Floor,Bressler Bldg,Room 12-006,655 W Baltim, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM jcole@som.umaryland.edu OI Mitchell, Braxton/0000-0003-4920-4744 FU Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service; Research Enhancement Award Program in Stroke, the Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs; Cooperative Agreement with the Cardiovascular Health Branch, Division of Adult and Community Health, Centers for Disease Control; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH) [R01 NS45012]; National Institute on Aging (NIA) Pepper Center [P60 12583]; University of Maryland General Clinical Research Center [M01 RR 165001]; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), NIH FX This material is based on work supported in part by the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, and the Research Enhancement Award Program in Stroke, the Geriatrics Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs; a Cooperative Agreement with the Cardiovascular Health Branch, Division of Adult and Community Health, Centers for Disease Control; the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH) R01 NS45012; the National Institute on Aging (NIA) Pepper Center Grant P60 12583; and the University of Maryland General Clinical Research Center Grant M01 RR 165001, General Clinical Research Centers Program, National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), NIH. NR 52 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD OCT PY 2009 VL 40 IS 10 BP E550 EP E557 DI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.557462 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 499NV UT WOS:000270229800044 PM 19661472 ER PT J AU Fowlkes, AL Brown, C Amin, MM Roback, JD Downing, R Nzaro, E Mermin, J Hladik, W Dollard, SC AF Fowlkes, Ashley L. Brown, Cedric Amin, Minal M. Roback, John D. Downing, Robert Nzaro, Esau Mermin, Jonathan Hladik, Wolfgang Dollard, Sheila C. TI Quantitation of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) antibody in patients transfused with HHV-8-seropositive blood SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN; SEROLOGIC ASSAYS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; DONORS; CMV; VIRUS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; RECIPIENTS AB BACKGROUND: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is endemic in Uganda where seroprevalence is approximately 40%. In a previous study, Ugandan patients receiving blood transfusions had multiple serum specimens collected for 6 months after transfusion to monitor for HHV-8 infection. It was observed that several HHV-8-seronegative patients were unexpectedly HHV-8 seropositive after blood transfusion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This study measured HHV-8 antibody in serially collected serum specimens from 542 patients who received transfusions and evaluated the risk of HHV-8 infection as a function of HHV-8 antibody levels in the donors. RESULTS: HHV-8 antibody was observed in 52% of patients transfused with HHV-8-seropositive blood in amounts that corresponded with their donor's antibody titer and waned within 40 days. Higher levels of passive HHV-8 antibody in patients who received transfusions appeared to be associated with a lower risk of HHV-8 infection. CONCLUSION: The source of transient antibody in patients who received transfusions was determined to be the transfused blood. Donors with higher HHV-8 antibody titers may have been less likely to have infectious virus in the blood. C1 [Dollard, Sheila C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Emory Univ, Ctr Transfus & Cellular Therapies, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. Mulago Hosp, Kampala, Uganda. CDC, Global AIDS Program, Entebbe, Uganda. CDC Kenya, Coordinating Off Global Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Dollard, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mailstop G-18,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgd5@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD OCT PY 2009 VL 49 IS 10 BP 2208 EP 2213 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02269.x PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 502BW UT WOS:000270430100030 PM 19555417 ER PT J AU Beltrao, HDM Cerroni, MD de Freitas, DRC Pinto, AYD Valente, VD Valente, SA Costa, ED Sobel, J AF Moreira Beltrao, Henrique de Barros Cerroni, Matheus de Paula Coradi de Freitas, Daniel Roberto das Neves Pinto, Ana Yece Valente, Vera da Costa Valente, Sebastiao Aldo Costa, Elenild de Goes Sobel, Jeremy TI Investigation of two outbreaks of suspected oral transmission of acute Chagas disease in the Amazon region, Para State, Brazil, in 2007 SO TROPICAL DOCTOR LA English DT Article AB Acute Chagas disease (ACD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. ACD outbreaks due to probable oral transmission occur regularly in small family gatherings that are exposed to contaminated foods. We studied two cohorts of residents on islands in the Breves and Bagre municipalities, in July and August 2007, to identify risk factors of transmission and to recommend preventative measures. Of the 25 cases identified in both cohorts, 13 (52%) were men, and the most frequent symptoms were fever (96%), asthenia (80%), myalgia (76%), abdominal pain (64%), retro-orbital pain, headaches and asthma (52%). We recommend detailed investigation of future outbreaks and other studies to better understand and control oral transmission of T. cruzi. C1 [Moreira Beltrao, Henrique de Barros; Cerroni, Matheus de Paula; Coradi de Freitas, Daniel Roberto; Sobel, Jeremy] Minist Hlth, Secretariat Hlth Surveillance, Field Epidemiol, Training Program, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Coradi de Freitas, Daniel Roberto] Minist Hlth, Natl Agcy Sanit Surveillance, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [das Neves Pinto, Ana Yece; Valente, Vera da Costa; Valente, Sebastiao Aldo] Minist Hlth, Secretariat Hlth Surveillance, Evandro Chagas Inst, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Costa, Elenild de Goes] Secretariat Publ Hlth, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Sobel, Jeremy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Beltrao, HDM (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Secretariat Hlth Surveillance, Field Epidemiol, Training Program, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM henrique.beltrao@saude.gov.br FU State Secretariat of Health Surveillance of the Ministry of Health FX We thank the State Secretariat of Health Surveillance of the Ministry of Health and its network of collaborators for supporting this work. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0049-4755 J9 TROP DOCT JI Trop. Dr. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 39 IS 4 BP 231 EP 232 DI 10.1258/td.2009.090035 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 519OR UT WOS:000271777000015 ER PT J AU Anand, A Shiraishi, RW Sheikh, AA Marum, LH Bolu, O Mutsotso, W Sabin, K Ayisi, R Diaz, T AF Anand, Abhijeet Shiraishi, Ray W. Sheikh, Abdullahi Ahmed Marum, Lawrence H. Bolu, Omotayo Mutsotso, Winfred Sabin, Keith Ayisi, Robert Diaz, Theresa TI Site factors may be more important than participant factors in explaining HIV test acceptance in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in Kenya, 2005 SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS; PMTCT testing; Kenya; ANC surveillance; opt-out HIV testing ID OPT-OUT; ROUTINE; ACCEPTABILITY; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE To determine the role of participant factors on the acceptance of a Prevention-of-Mother-to-Child (PMTCT) HIV test programme in a situation with an opt-out testing strategy. METHODS We analysed antenatal clinic (ANC) HIV sentinel surveillance data. All 43 sites in the 2005 round of Kenya's ANC surveillance offered opt-out PMTCT services and recorded if women were offered PMTCT HIV testing and whether they accepted or refused. Logistic regression was used to determine the role of participant-level factors on PMTCT acceptance. RESULTS During the period of sentinel surveillance, 13 026 women attended ANC and testing was offered to 12 030 women. Of those offered testing, 9690 (80.5%) accepted, with a large variation in the percent of acceptors by site. Age, residence and educational status were significant determinants of PMTCT acceptance. However, after adjusting for site none of the participant-level factors were significant determinants of PMTCT acceptance. CONCLUSIONS Participant level factors were not significant determinants of PMTCT HIV test acceptance after adjusting for sites. PMTCT programmes should collect and evaluate the role of site-level (provider and testing service) factors on PMTCT acceptance. Improvement of site-level factors could improve PMTCT uptake. C1 [Anand, Abhijeet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anand, Abhijeet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shiraishi, Ray W.; Marum, Lawrence H.; Bolu, Omotayo; Diaz, Theresa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sheikh, Abdullahi Ahmed; Ayisi, Robert] NASCOP, Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sabin, Keith] WHO, HIV Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Anand, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aanand@cdc.gov OI Sabin, Keith/0000-0002-2290-8621 FU Epidemic Intelligence Service Programme in Atlanta, USA; President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Atlanta, USA; Nairobi, Kenya FX We thank all participants of ANC surveillance in Kenya. We are grateful to the Ministry of Health of Kenya and to staff who conducted data collection, laboratory testing and data management. Support for this analysis was provided by the Epidemic Intelligence Service Programme in Atlanta, USA and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in Atlanta, USA and Nairobi, Kenya. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD OCT PY 2009 VL 14 IS 10 BP 1215 EP 1219 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02367.x PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 494KE UT WOS:000269810800007 PM 19708898 ER PT J AU Ernst, KC Lindblade, KA Koech, D Sumba, PO Kuwuor, DO John, CC Wilson, ML AF Ernst, Kacey C. Lindblade, Kim A. Koech, David Sumba, Peter O. Kuwuor, Dickens O. John, Chandy C. Wilson, Mark L. TI Environmental, socio-demographic and behavioural determinants of malaria risk in the western Kenyan highlands: a case-control study SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE highland malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; case-control; risk factors; environmental; household-level ID AREA; TRANSMISSION; TEMPERATURE; PROXIMITY; EPIDEMIC; CHILDREN; WEALTH AB OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for uncomplicated malaria in highland areas of East Africa at higher risk of malaria epidemics, in order to design appropriate interventions. METHODS Prospective, population-based, case-control study in the Nandi Hills, a highland area of western Kenya, to identify environmental, sociodemographic and behavioural factors associated with clinical malaria. Data were collected using field observation, a structured questionnaire, and a global positioning system device. RESULTS We interviewed 488 cases of slide-confirmed malaria and 980 age-matched controls. Multivariate analyses associated higher malaria risk with living < 250 m of a forest [OR = 3.3 (95% CI 1.5, 7.1)], < 250 m of a swamp [2.8 (1.3, 5.9)], < 200 m of maize fields [2.0 (1.2, 3.4)], in the absence of trees < 200 m [1.6 (1.2, 2.2)], on flat land [1.6 (1.2, 2.2)], in houses without ceilings [1.5 (1.1, 2.2)], in houses with a separate kitchen building [1.8 (1.4, 2.3)] and in households where the female household head had no education [1.9 (1.1, 3.1)]. Travelling out of the study site [2.2 (1.2, 4.1)] was also associated with increased risk. CONCLUSIONS In this East African highland area, risk of developing uncomplicated malaria was multifactorial with a risk factor profile similar to that in endemic regions. Households within close proximity to forest and swamp borders are at higher risk of malaria and should be included in indoor residual spraying campaigns. C1 [Ernst, Kacey C.; Wilson, Mark L.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lindblade, Kim A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Koech, David] Kenya Div Vector Borne Dis, Kapsabet, Kenya. [Sumba, Peter O.; Kuwuor, Dickens O.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [John, Chandy C.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Ernst, KC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. EM kernst@email.arizona.edu RI Ernst, Kacey/M-5943-2013 FU communities of Kipsamoite and Kapsisiywa; USPHS [AI-056184, AI-01572]; Global Health Program at the University of Michigan FX We thank the communities of Kipsamoite and Kapsisiywa for their incredible support of this research. The work would not have been possible without the contribution of the field assistants (Rosebella Chepchumba, Paul Lelei, Peter Cheboiywo, Usillah Biwott, Haron Rugut, Moses Sawe, Gideon Kurgat, Josphat Koech, Raymond Bungei, Steven Koros, Japheth Koech, Jeruto Ogla, Jepn'getich Melly, Celestine Rotich, Japhet Kipleting, Simeon Kipleting, Dorothy Kirwa), the microscopists (John Oluoch, Joseph Otieno), the study coordinators (Lillian Kipkagat, Peter Siwat), and the clinical officer (Willy Rotich). Financial support was provided by USPHS grants (AI-056184 and AI-01572) and the Global Health Program at the University of Michigan. The findings and conclusions in this [presentation / report] are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 20 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD OCT PY 2009 VL 14 IS 10 BP 1258 EP 1265 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02370.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 494KE UT WOS:000269810800013 PM 19772547 ER PT J AU Brinkerhoff, RJ Collinge, SK Bai, Y Ray, C AF Brinkerhoff, R. Jory Collinge, Sharon K. Bai, Ying Ray, Chris TI Are Carnivores Universally Good Sentinels of Plague? SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Boulder County; Colorado; Cynomys ludovicianus; disease ecology; pathogen dispersal; Yersinia pestis ID TAILED PRAIRIE DOGS; COYOTES CANIS-LATRANS; YERSINIA-PESTIS; DOMESTIC ANIMALS; STRIPED SKUNKS; TRANSMISSION; OUTBREAKS; CERATOPHYLLIDAE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE AB Sylvatic plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, is a flea-borne disease that primarily affects rodents but has been detected in over 200 mammal species worldwide. Mammalian carnivores are routinely surveyed as sentinels of local plague activity, since they can present antibodies to Y. pestis infection but show few clinical signs. In Boulder County, Colorado, USA, plague epizootic events are episodic and occur in black-tailed prairie dogs. Enzootic hosts are unidentified as are plague foci. For three years, we systematically sampled carnivores in two distinct habitat types to determine whether carnivores may play a role in maintenance or transmission of Y. pestis and to identify habitats associated with increased plague prevalence. We sampled 83 individuals representing six carnivore species and found only two that had been exposed to Y. pestis. The low overall rate of plague exposure in carnivores suggests that plague may be ephemeral in this study system, and thus we cannot draw any conclusions regarding habitat-associated plague foci or temporal changes in plague activity. Plague epizootics involving prairie dogs were confirmed in this study system during two of the three years of this study, and we therefore suggest that the targeting carnivores to survey for plague may not be appropriate in all ecological systems. C1 [Brinkerhoff, R. Jory; Collinge, Sharon K.; Bai, Ying; Ray, Chris] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Collinge, Sharon K.] Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bai, Ying] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Brinkerhoff, RJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Box 334, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM robert.brinkerhoff@colorado.edu RI Brinkerhoff, Jory/I-9364-2012; OI RAY, CHRIS/0000-0002-7963-9637 FU Boulder County Parks and Open Space Department; Boulder County Nature Association; Museum of Natural History at the University of Colorado; Colorado Chapter of the Wildlife Society; Beverly Sears Fund; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Colorado; US-EPA [R-82909101-0]; NSF/NIH joint program in Ecology of Infectious Diseases [DEB-0224328] FX This research was funded by grants to RJB from the Boulder County Parks and Open Space Department, the Boulder County Nature Association, the Museum of Natural History at the University of Colorado, the Colorado Chapter of the Wildlife Society, the Beverly Sears Fund, and the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Colorado. Additional support was provided though an Edna Bailey Sussman internship grant to RJB and research grants from the National Center for Environmental Research (NCER) STAR program of the US-EPA (R-82909101-0) and the NSF/NIH joint program in Ecology of Infectious Diseases (DEB-0224328) to SKC et al. Logistical support was provided by Mark Brennan, Sheldon Frost, Kevin Grady, Rob Alexander, Al Petkus, and Silvia Iorio. We would also like to thank Dave Armstrong, Jason Knouft, Andy Martin, Michelle Sauther, and two anonymous reviewers who provided comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 5 BP 491 EP 497 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0075 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 507OO UT WOS:000270864200007 PM 18973449 ER PT J AU Vilcins, IME Kosoy, M Old, JM Deane, EM AF Vilcins, Inger-Marie E. Kosoy, Michael Old, Julie M. Deane, Elizabeth M. TI Bartonella-Like DNA Detected in Ixodes tasmani Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) Infesting Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in Victoria, Australia SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; Ectoparasites; Ixodes tasmani; Koalas; gltA; Australia ID CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE; BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; RICINUS TICKS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CAUSATIVE AGENT; QUESTING ADULT; HENSELAE; SPP.; INFECTION AB A total of 42 ticks comprising Ixodes tasmani (n = 41) and Ixodes trichosuri (n = 1) were collected from wild koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) at the Koala Convention Centre, Philip Island, Victoria, Australia and screened for the presence of Bartonella using the target gene gltA. Bartonella-like DNA was detected in 4 of the 19 pooled tick samples (21%). All positive ticks were male. Analysis of partial sequences for the gltA gene indicated the presence of a Bartonella-related species similar to that reported in another Ixodid species. This is the first report of Bartonella-like organisms in a native Australian marsupial. C1 [Old, Julie M.] Univ Western Sydney, Sch Nat Sci, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. [Vilcins, Inger-Marie E.] Macquarie Univ, Div Environm & Life Sci, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW, Australia. [Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Deane, Elizabeth M.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Old, JM (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Sch Nat Sci, Bldg K2,Hawkesbury Campus,Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. EM Elizabeth.deane@anu.edu.au FU Macquarie University Postgraduate scholarship FX This research was supported by a Macquarie University Postgraduate scholarship to Vilcins. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 5 BP 499 EP 503 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0132 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 507OO UT WOS:000270864200008 PM 19271994 ER PT J AU Nett, RJ Campbell, GL Reisen, WK AF Nett, R. J. Campbell, G. L. Reisen, W. K. TI Potential for the Emergence of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in California SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Aedes; Epidemiology; Arbovirus; Culex; Mosquito; West Nile; Vector-borne ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; HOST-FEEDING PATTERNS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; CULEX-TARSALIS; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; VECTOR COMPETENCE AB The potential risk for the introduction and establishment of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) within California is described based on the literature. JEV is a mosquito-borne arbovirus endemic to Asia that when transmitted to humans can lead to Japanese encephalitis (JE), a disease affecting mostly children with a fatality rate up to 30%. The geographical expansion of JEV in Asia along with the recent introduction and rapid spread of West Nile virus (WNV) across the United States, demonstrates the ability of arboviruses to rapidly extend their distributions. California is at particular risk for the introduction of JEV because it is a large state functioning as a hub for international travel and commerce with Asia, potentially allowing the introduction of mosquitoes infected with JEV. If JEV is introduced into California, the virus might become established due to the significant number of susceptible mosquito vectors and vertebrate hosts. Once introduced, the lack of active surveillance for JEV, the ambiguous clinical presentation of JE, the cross reactivity of serological testing between JEV and other flaviviruses, and the probability that clinicians and laboratories would not consider JE as a possible diagnosis would likely delay recognition. A significant delay in detection of JEV in California would make control and eradication of the virus very difficult and costly. Public health authorities should consider the need for future control efforts if JEV emerges in the United States. C1 [Campbell, G. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Nett, R. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Idaho Dept Hlth & Welf OEFP, Boise, ID 83720 USA. [Nett, R. J.] 90th Med Grp, Flight Med Clin, Fe Warren AFB, WY USA. [Reisen, W. K.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Nett, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Idaho Dept Hlth & Welf OEFP, 450 W State St,4th Floor, Boise, ID 83720 USA. EM gge5@cdc.gov NR 85 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 7 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 5 BP 511 EP 517 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0052 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 507OO UT WOS:000270864200010 PM 18973447 ER PT J AU Ulloa, A Ferguson, HH Mendez-Sanchez, JD Danis-Lozano, R Casas-Martinez, M Bond, JG Garcia-Zebadua, JC Orozco-Bonilla, A Juarez-Ordaz, JA Farfan-Ale, JA Garcia-Rejon, JE Rosado-Paredes, EP Edwards, E Komar, N Hassan, HK Unnasch, TR Rodriguez-Perez, MA AF Ulloa, Armando Hann Ferguson, Heidy Mendez-Sanchez, Jose D. Danis-Lozano, Rogelio Casas-Martinez, Mauricio Guillermo Bond, J. Garcia-Zebadua, Julio C. Orozco-Bonilla, Arnoldo Juarez-Ordaz, Jose A. Farfan-Ale, Jose A. Garcia-Rejon, Julian E. Rosado-Paredes, Elsy P. Edwards, Eric Komar, Nicholas Hassan, Hassan K. Unnasch, Thomas R. Rodriguez-Perez, Mario A. TI West Nile Virus Activity in Mosquitoes and Domestic Animals in Chiapas, Mexico SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Aedes; Zoonosis; Arbovirus(es); Mosquito(es); West Nile; Anopheles; Dengue; Entomology; Culex; Black fly (flies); Epidemiology; Vector-borne; Birds ID SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE; CULEX-NIGRIPALPUS; YUCATAN-STATE; INFECTION; HORSES; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION; BIRDS AB Prior to 2006, West Nile virus (WNV) had not been definitively detected in Chiapas, the southernmost state of Mexico, although it circulates elsewhere in Mexico and Central America. We collected over 30,000 mosquitoes and blood-sampled 351 domestic animals in Chiapas in search for evidence of current or recent transmission of WNV. Two mosquito pools tested positive for WNV RNA and 17 domestic animals tested positive for specific WNV-neutralizing antibodies, including young animals (<1 year old) in four of five sampled locations. The two WNV-positive mosquito pools were collected on the Pacific coastal plain of Chiapas in June, 2006, and included a pool of Culex nigripalpus, a suspected vector of WNV, and a pool of Cx. interrogator. The sequence of a 537-nucleotide portion of a cDNA amplicon derived from the WNV NS5 gene from the Cx. interrogator pool contained a single silent nucleotide substitution when compared to WNV strain NY99. C1 [Ulloa, Armando; Mendez-Sanchez, Jose D.; Danis-Lozano, Rogelio; Casas-Martinez, Mauricio; Guillermo Bond, J.; Orozco-Bonilla, Arnoldo; Juarez-Ordaz, Jose A.] Ctr Reg Invest Salud Publ, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. [Hann Ferguson, Heidy; Rodriguez-Perez, Mario A.] Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Biotecnol, Cd Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [Garcia-Zebadua, Julio C.] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Fac Ciencias Quim UNACH, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. [Farfan-Ale, Jose A.; Garcia-Rejon, Julian E.; Rosado-Paredes, Elsy P.] Univ Autunoma Yucatan, Ctr Invest Reg, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. [Edwards, Eric; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Hassan, Hassan K.; Unnasch, Thomas R.] Univ Alabama, Gorgas Ctr Geog Med, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Ulloa, A (reprint author), Ctr Reg Invest Salud Publ, 19 Calle Poniente S-N Entre 4Ta & 6Ta Ave,Norte C, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. EM aulloa@insp.mx RI Rodriguez-Perez, Mario/P-8814-2014; Garcia-Rejon, Julian Everardo/E-4285-2017 OI Rodriguez-Perez, Mario/0000-0002-0905-6073; Garcia-Rejon, Julian Everardo/0000-0002-6681-1581 FU COCYTECH [CHIS-2005-C03-083]; Mexican National Institute of Public Health; Comision de Operacion y Fomento de Actividades Academicas/Instituto Politecnico Nacional FX This project was partially funded by COCYTECH with grant CHIS-2005-C03-083 and by the Mexican National Institute of Public Health. Mario A. Rodriguez-Perez is supported by a scholarship from the Comision de Operacion y Fomento de Actividades Academicas/Instituto Politecnico Nacional. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 5 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0087 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 507OO UT WOS:000270864200015 PM 19281433 ER PT J AU Reichard, MV Roman, RM Kocan, KM Blouin, EF de la Fuente, J Snider, TA Heinz, RE West, MD Little, SE Massung, RF AF Reichard, Mason V. Roman, Raul Manzano Kocan, Katherine M. Blouin, Edmour F. de la Fuente, Jose Snider, Timothy A. Heinz, Rebecca E. West, Misti D. Little, Susan E. Massung, Robert F. TI Inoculation of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) with Ap-V1 Or NY-18 Strains of Anaplasma Phagocytophilum and Microscopic Demonstration of Ap-V1 In Ixodes Scapularis Adults that Acquired Infection from Deer as Nymphs SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Parasitology; Anaplasma; Tick; Vector-borne ID EHRLICHIA-PHAGOCYTOPHILA; RESERVOIR HOSTS; MARGINALE; MICE; RICKETTSIALES; CONNECTICUT; CHAFFEENSIS; AGENT AB Four white-tailed deer were inoculated with either the Ap-V1 or NY-18 strain of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Ixodes scapularis nymphs were then allowed to acquistion feed on the inoculated deer and molt to adults. Only an Ap-V1 infected deer was infected persistently and able to infect nymphal Ixodes scapularis. Molted adult ticks maintained Ap-V1 infection as demonstrated by PCR and microscopy. We report, for the first time, a morphologic description of A. phagocytophilum in I. scapularis. C1 [Reichard, Mason V.; Roman, Raul Manzano; Kocan, Katherine M.; Blouin, Edmour F.; de la Fuente, Jose; Snider, Timothy A.; Heinz, Rebecca E.; West, Misti D.; Little, Susan E.] Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [de la Fuente, Jose] CSIC UCLM JCCM, Inst Invest Recursos Cineget IRE, Ciudad Real, Spain. [Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dieseases, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reichard, MV (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM mason.reichard@okstate.edu OI de la Fuente, Jose/0000-0001-7383-9649 FU Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University [1669]; Sitlington Endowed Chair for Food Animal Research FX The present project was funded by the Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, project No. 1669 of the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Sitlington Endowed Chair for Food Animal Research (K. M. Kocan). The authors thank Angie Bruner, Krissy Gray, Dollie Clawson, Amanda Loftis, and Marina Eremeeva for technical assistance and Laboratory Animal Resources Unit of Oklahoma State University for assistance with maintenance of the deer. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 5 BP 565 EP 568 DI 10.1089/vbz.2008.0106 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 507OO UT WOS:000270864200017 PM 18973438 ER PT J AU Glaser, V Collins, WE AF Glaser, Vicki Collins, William E. TI Interview with the Expert: William E. Collins, Ph.D. SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Glaser, Vicki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Senior Biomed Res Serv, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Collins, William E.] Biol Warfare Res Labs, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Collins, William E.] Publ Hlth Lab Serv, London, England. RP Glaser, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Senior Biomed Res Serv, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 5 BP 569 EP 572 DI 10.1089/vbz.2009.1500.int PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 507OO UT WOS:000270864200018 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Li, CY Zhao, GX Pearson, WS Capewell, S AF Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Zhao, Guixiang Pearson, William S. Capewell, Simon TI Trends in the Prevalence of Low Risk Factor Burden for Cardiovascular Disease Among United States Adults SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular diseases; epidemiology; population; prevention; risk factors ID HEALTHY LIFE-STYLE; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; FACTOR PROFILE; MIDDLE-AGE; WOMEN; MEN; MORTALITY; HYPERTENSION; POPULATION AB Background-Cohorts consistently show that individuals with low levels of cardiovascular risk factors experience low rates of subsequent cardiovascular events. Our objective was to examine the prevalence and trends in low risk factor burden for cardiovascular disease among adults in the US population. Methods and Results-We used data from adults 25 to 74 years of age who participated in 4 national surveys. We created an index of low risk from the following variables: not currently smoking, total cholesterol < 5.17 mmol/L (< 200 mg/dL) and not using cholesterol-lowering medications, systolic blood pressure < 120 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure < 80 mm Hg and not using antihypertensive medications, body mass index < 25 kg/m(2), and not having been previously diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The age-adjusted prevalence of low risk factor burden increased from 4.4% during 1971 to 1975 to 10.5% during 1988 to 1994 before decreasing to 7.5% during 1999 to 2004 (P for nonlinear trend <0.001). The patterns were similar for men and women, although the prevalence among women exceeded that among men in each survey (P<0.001 for each survey). In addition, whites had a significantly higher prevalence of low risk factor burden than blacks during each survey except during 1976 to 1980 (1971 to 1975, 1988 to 1994, 1999 to 2004: P<0.001; 1976 to 1980: P=0.154). Furthermore, a larger percentage of whites had a low risk factor burden than Mexican Americans during 1988 to 1994 (P<0.001) and 1999 to 2004 (P=0.001). Conclusions-The prevalence of low risk factor burden for cardiovascular disease is low. The progress that had been made during the 1970s and 1980s reversed in recent decades. (Circulation. 2009; 120: 1181-1188.) C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Li, Chaoyang; Zhao, Guixiang; Pearson, William S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Capewell, Simon] Univ Liverpool, Div Publ Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov FU Medical Research Council [G0900847] NR 34 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD SEP 29 PY 2009 VL 120 IS 13 BP 1181 EP 1188 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.835728 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 500AU UT WOS:000270270200004 PM 19752328 ER PT J AU Merz, CNB Alberts, MJ Balady, GJ Ballantyne, CM Berra, K Black, HR Blumenthal, RS Davidson, MH Fazio, SB Ferdinand, KC Fine, LJ Fonseca, V Franklin, BA McBride, PE Mensah, GA Merli, GJ O'Gara, PT Thompson, PD Underberg, JA AF Merz, C. Noel Bairey Alberts, Mark J. Balady, Gary J. Ballantyne, Christie M. Berra, Kathy Black, Henry R. Blumenthal, Roger S. Davidson, Michael H. Fazio, Sara B. Ferdinand, Keith C. Fine, Lawrence J. Fonseca, Vivian Franklin, Barry A. McBride, Patrick E. Mensah, George A. Merli, Geno J. O'Gara, Patrick T. Thompson, Paul D. Underberg, James A. CA ACCF AHA ACP TI ACCF/AHA/ACP 2009 Competence and Training Statement: A Curriculum on Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association/American College of Physicians Task Force on Competence and Training (Writing Committee to Develop a Competence and Training Statement on Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease) SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE ACCF/AHA Competence and Training Statements; competency; prevention; cardiovascular; training; vascular; cardiac; cardiac rehabilitation ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY; HIGH-BLOOD-PRESSURE; INTERDISCIPLINARY WORKING GROUP; STROKE-STATISTICS-SUBCOMMITTEE; 64-SLICE COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; SUSTAINED-RELEASE BUPROPION C1 [Merz, C. Noel Bairey; Ballantyne, Christie M.; Blumenthal, Roger S.; McBride, Patrick E.] Amer Coll, Cardiol Fdn, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. [Alberts, Mark J.] Amer Acad Neurol, St Paul, MN USA. [Black, Henry R.] Amer Soc Hypertens, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Fazio, Sara B.; Merli, Geno J.] Amer Coll Physicians, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. [Ferdinand, Keith C.] Assoc Black Cardiologists, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA. [Fine, Lawrence J.] NHLBI, Bethesda, MD USA. [Fonseca, Vivian] Amer Diabet Assoc, Alexandria, VA USA. [Franklin, Barry A.; O'Gara, Patrick T.] Amer Heart Assoc, Dallas, TX USA. [Fine, Lawrence J.; Mensah, George A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thompson, Paul D.] Amer Coll Sports Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Underberg, James A.] Amer Coll Prevent Med, Washington, DC USA. [Fine, Lawrence J.; Mensah, George A.] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Merz, CNB (reprint author), Amer Coll, Cardiol Fdn, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. NR 223 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD SEP 29 PY 2009 VL 120 IS 13 BP E100 EP E126 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192640 PG 27 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 500AU UT WOS:000270270200021 ER PT J AU Redberg, RF Benjamin, EJ Bittner, V Braun, LT Goff, DC Havas, S Labarthe, DR Limacher, MC Lloyd-Jones, DM Mora, S Pearson, TA Radford, MJ Smetana, GW Spertus, JA Swegler, EW AF Redberg, Rita F. Benjamin, Emelia J. Bittner, Vera Braun, Lynne T. Goff, David C., Jr. Havas, Stephen Labarthe, Darwin R. Limacher, Marian C. Lloyd-Jones, Donald M. Mora, Samia Pearson, Thomas A. Radford, Martha J. Smetana, Gerald W. Spertus, John A. Swegler, Erica W. CA ACCF AHA TI ACCF/AHA 2009 Performance Measures for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE ACCF/AHA Performance Measures; prevention; cardiovascular disease ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; COLLEGE-OF-CARDIOLOGY; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; RISK-FACTOR PROFILE; MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; AMERICAN-COLLEGE; LIFE-STYLE C1 [Labarthe, Darwin R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Lloyd-Jones, Donald/C-5899-2009 NR 103 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD SEP 29 PY 2009 VL 54 IS 14 BP 1364 EP 1405 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.005 PG 42 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 497SO UT WOS:000270082700019 PM 19778679 ER PT J AU Pourrut, X Souris, M Towner, JS Rollin, PE Nichol, ST Gonzalez, JP Leroy, E AF Pourrut, Xavier Souris, Marc Towner, Jonathan S. Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. Gonzalez, Jean-Paul Leroy, Eric TI Large serological survey showing cocirculation of Ebola and Marburg viruses in Gabonese bat populations, and a high seroprevalence of both viruses in Rousettus aegyptiacus SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ZAIRE-EBOLAVIRUS; FRUIT BATS; TRANSMISSION; FILOVIRUSES; RESERVOIRS; DISEASE AB Background: Ebola and Marburg viruses cause highly lethal hemorrhagic fevers in humans. Recently, bats of multiple species have been identified as possible natural hosts of Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) in Gabon and Republic of Congo, and also of marburgvirus (MARV) in Gabon and Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods: We tested 2147 bats belonging to at least nine species sampled between 2003 and 2008 in three regions of Gabon and in the Ebola epidemic region of north Congo for IgG antibodies specific for ZEBOV and MARV. Results: Overall, IgG antibodies to ZEBOV and MARV were found in 4% and 1% of bats, respectively. ZEBOV-specific antibodies were found in six bat species (Epomops franqueti, Hypsignathus monstrosus, Myonycteris torquata, Micropteropus pusillus, Mops condylurus and Rousettus aegyptiacus), while MARV-specific antibodies were only found in Rousettus aegyptiacus and Hypsignathus monstrosus. The prevalence of MARV-specific IgG was significantly higher in R. aegyptiacus members captured inside caves than elsewhere. No significant difference in prevalence was found according to age or gender. A higher prevalence of ZEBOV-specific IgG was found in pregnant females than in non pregnant females. Conclusion: These findings confirm that ZEBOV and MARV co-circulate in Gabon, the only country where bats infected by each virus have been found. IgG antibodies to both viruses were detected only in Rousettus aegyptiacus, suggesting that this bat species may be involved in the natural cycle of both Marburg and Ebola viruses. The presence of MARV in Gabon indicates a potential risk for a first human outbreak. Disease surveillance should be enhanced in areas near caves. C1 [Pourrut, Xavier; Souris, Marc; Leroy, Eric] Inst Rech Dev, UR 178, Marseille, France. [Pourrut, Xavier; Gonzalez, Jean-Paul; Leroy, Eric] Ctr Int Rech Med Franceville, Franceville, Gabon. [Souris, Marc] Mahidol Univ Salaya, Inst Rech Dev, UR 178, Nakhonpathon 73170, Thailand. [Towner, Jonathan S.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pourrut, X (reprint author), Inst Rech Dev, UR 178, Marseille, France. EM xavier.pourrut@ird.fr; fnmsr@diamond.mahidol.ac.th; jit8@cdc.gov; pyr3@cdc.gov; stn1@CDC.GOV; Jean-paul.gonzalez@ird.fr; eric.leroy@ird.fr RI SOURIS, Marc/K-2506-2016; LEROY, Eric/I-4347-2016; OI SOURIS, Marc/0000-0002-2933-3488; LEROY, Eric/0000-0003-0022-0890; Gonzalez, Jean-Paul/0000-0003-3063-1770 FU Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres de la France (FSP) [2002005700] FX CIRMF is supported by the Government of Gabon, Total-Fina-Elf Gabon, and Ministere de la Cooperation Francaise. This work was also supported by a Fonds de Solidarite Prioritaire grant from Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres de la France (FSP no 2002005700). NR 19 TC 105 Z9 110 U1 6 U2 60 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD SEP 28 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 159 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-9-159 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 512FR UT WOS:000271232200001 PM 19785757 ER PT J AU Goodson, JL Wiesen, E Perry, RT Mach, O Kitambi, M Kibona, M Luman, ET Cairns, KL AF Goodson, James L. Wiesen, Eric Perry, Robert T. Mach, Ondrej Kitambi, Mary Kibona, Mary Luman, Elizabeth T. Cairns, K. Lisa TI Impact of measles outbreak response vaccination campaign in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Measles; Outbreak; Vaccination; Immunization ID MORTALITY REDUCTION; AFRICAN REGION; IMMUNIZATION; COMMUNITY; EPIDEMICS; PROGRESS AB We assessed the impact of a measles outbreak response vaccination campaign (ORV) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Age-specific incidence rates were calculated before and after the ORV. Incidence rate ratios for the two time periods were compared and used to estimate expected cases and deaths prevented by ORV. The ratio of measles incidence rates in the age groups targeted and not targeted by ORV decreased from 5.8 prior to ORV to 1.8 (p < 0.0001) after; 506 measles cases and 18 measles deaths were likely averted. These results support the need for revised recommendations concerning ORV in general settings in Africa. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Goodson, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Goodson, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS-E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JGoodson@cdc.gov FU Tanzania Ministry of Health; World Health Organization; United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Tanzania Ministry of Health; World Health Organization; and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. The authors would like to thank Dr. Balcha Masresha, Dr. Vance Dietz, and Dr. Peter Strebel for their guidance and support during this study; and acknowledge the hard work and remarkable achievements of the Tanzania Ministry of Health surveillance officers and Dr. Deo Mtasiwa, Director General for Health. NR 30 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 25 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 42 BP 5870 EP 5874 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.07.057 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 502ON UT WOS:000270469900023 PM 19656496 ER PT J AU McDougal, JS AF McDougal, J. Steven TI BED estimates of HIV incidence must be adjusted SO AIDS LA English DT Letter ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Lab Branch, Div HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McDougal, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Lab Branch, Div HIV AIDS, Mailstop A25,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JSM3@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD SEP 24 PY 2009 VL 23 IS 15 BP 2064 EP 2065 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832eff6e PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 502QP UT WOS:000270475400020 PM 19755866 ER PT J AU Dobbins, M Hanna, SE Ciliska, D Manske, S Cameron, R Mercer, SL O'Mara, L DeCorby, K Robeson, P AF Dobbins, Maureen Hanna, Steven E. Ciliska, Donna Manske, Steve Cameron, Roy Mercer, Shawna L. O'Mara, Linda DeCorby, Kara Robeson, Paula TI A randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of knowledge translation and exchange strategies SO IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; HEALTH COMMUNICATION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS; DECISION-MAKERS; YOUNG FINNS; IMPLEMENTATION; CHILDREN; TRACKING; FITNESS AB Context: Significant resources and time are invested in the production of research knowledge. The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of three knowledge translation and exchange strategies in the incorporation of research evidence into public health policies and programs. Methods: This trial was conducted with a national sample of public health departments in Canada from 2004 to 2006. The three interventions, implemented over one year in 2005, included access to an online registry of research evidence; tailored messaging; and a knowledge broker. The primary outcome assessed the extent to which research evidence was used in a recent program decision, and the secondary outcome measured the change in the sum of evidence-informed healthy body weight promotion policies or programs being delivered at health departments. Mixed-effects models were used to test the hypotheses. Findings: One hundred and eight of 141 (77%) health departments participated in this study. No significant effect of the intervention was observed for primary outcome (p < 0.45). However, for public health policies and programs (HPPs), a significant effect of the intervention was observed only for tailored, targeted messages (p < 0.01). The treatment effect was moderated by organizational research culture (e. g., value placed on research evidence in decision making). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that under certain conditions tailored, targeted messages are more effective than knowledge brokering and access to an online registry of research evidence. Greater emphasis on the identification of organizational factors is needed in order to implement strategies that best meet the needs of individual organizations. C1 [Dobbins, Maureen; Hanna, Steven E.; Ciliska, Donna; O'Mara, Linda; DeCorby, Kara; Robeson, Paula] McMaster Univ, Sch Nursing, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. [Manske, Steve; Cameron, Roy] Univ Waterloo, Ctr Behav Res, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Manske, Steve; Cameron, Roy] Univ Waterloo, Program Evaluat, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Mercer, Shawna L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guide Community Prevent Serv, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dobbins, M (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Sch Nursing, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. EM dobbinsm@mcmaster.ca; hannas@mcmaster.ca; ciliska@mcmaster.ca; manske@healthy.uwaterloo.ca; cameron@healthy.uwaterloo.ca; Zhi5@CDC.GOV; omara@mcmaster.ca; decorbk@mcmaster.ca; robesp@mcmaster.ca FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research [14126]; City of Hamilton Public Health Services; Institut National De Sante Publique du Quebec FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding of the research project from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, file # 14126, and in-kind support of the City of Hamilton Public Health Services and Institut National De Sante Publique du Quebec. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support and guidance of Helen Thomas, Associate Professor (now retired), McMaster University, to the initial grant proposal and during the implementation of the study. The authors report no funding-related or other conflicts of interest in this work. Maureen Dobbins is a career scientist with the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care. Results expressed in this report are those of the investigators and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or policies of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care. NR 115 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 3 U2 32 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1748-5908 J9 IMPLEMENT SCI JI Implement. Sci. PD SEP 23 PY 2009 VL 4 AR 61 DI 10.1186/1748-5908-4-61 PG 16 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 515FN UT WOS:000271453300001 PM 19775439 ER PT J AU Lee, EA Stone, GW Mehran, R McLaurin, BT Cox, DA Bertrand, ME Lincoff, AM Moses, JW White, HD Ohman, EM Fahy, M Hooper, C Dangas, GD AF Lee, Edwin A. Stone, Gregg W. Mehran, Roxana McLaurin, Brent T. Cox, David A. Bertrand, Michel E. Lincoff, A. Michael Moses, Jeffrey W. White, Harvey D. Ohman, E. Magnus Fahy, Martin Hooper, Craig Dangas, George D. TI The Predictive Value of CRP on 30-Day and 1-Year Mortality in Acute Coronary Syndromes: An Analysis from the ACUITY Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Annual Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics Conference CY SEP 21-25, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA C1 [Lee, Edwin A.; Stone, Gregg W.; Mehran, Roxana; Moses, Jeffrey W.; Dangas, George D.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Lee, Edwin A.; Stone, Gregg W.; Mehran, Roxana; Moses, Jeffrey W.; Fahy, Martin; Dangas, George D.] Cardiovasc Res Fdn, New York, NY USA. [McLaurin, Brent T.] Anderson Heart, Anderson, SC USA. [Cox, David A.] Lehigh Valley Hosp, Allentown, PA USA. [Bertrand, Michel E.] Hop Cardiol, F-59037 Lille, France. [Lincoff, A. Michael] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [White, Harvey D.] Auckland City Hosp, Auckland, New Zealand. [Ohman, E. Magnus] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Hooper, Craig] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD SEP 21 PY 2009 VL 104 IS 6A BP 108D EP 108D PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 496NP UT WOS:000269981600305 ER PT J AU Gimnig, JE Slutsker, L AF Gimnig, John E. Slutsker, Laurence TI House screening for malaria control SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID LARGE-SCALE C1 [Gimnig, John E.; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Slutsker, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM laurence.slutsker@cdc.hhs.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 19 PY 2009 VL 374 IS 9694 BP 954 EP 955 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61078-3 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 498PK UT WOS:000270154100006 PM 19732948 ER PT J AU Balish, A Warnes, CM Wu, K Barnes, N Emery, S Berman, L Shu, B Lindstrom, S Xu, X Uyeki, T Shaw, M Klimov, A Villanueva, J AF Balish, A. Warnes, C. M. Wu, K. Barnes, N. Emery, S. Berman, L. Shu, B. Lindstrom, S. Xu, X. Uyeki, T. Shaw, M. Klimov, A. Villanueva, J. TI Evaluation of Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests for Detection of Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Virus-United States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 826-829, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Balish, A.; Warnes, C. M.; Wu, K.; Barnes, N.; Emery, S.; Berman, L.; Shu, B.; Lindstrom, S.; Xu, X.; Uyeki, T.; Shaw, M.; Klimov, A.; Villanueva, J.] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Balish, A (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 16 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 11 BP 1163 EP 1164 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 494FR UT WOS:000269797600012 ER PT J AU Gwinn, M Guessous, I Khoury, MJ AF Gwinn, Marta Guessous, Idris Khoury, Muin J. TI Invited Commentary: Genes, Environment, and Hybrid Vigor SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE case-control studies; DNA damage; DNA repair; genetic predisposition to disease; lung neoplasms; oxoguanine glycosylase 1; human; smoking ID LUNG-CANCER RISK; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; SEQUENCE VARIANTS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DNA-REPAIR; SMOKING; EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENETICS; POLYMORPHISMS AB In the 1950s, case-control studies of smoking and lung cancer established a paradigm for epidemiologic studies of risk factors for chronic diseases. Since then, thousands of case-control studies have examined possible associations of countless risk factors with numerous diseases, rarely finding associations as strong or consistent as that of smoking with lung cancer. Recently, researchers have applied advances in molecular genetics to conduct candidate gene and genome-wide association studies of lung cancer. Skeptics among both epidemiologists and geneticists have argued that genomic research adds little value when most cases of disease can be attributed to a preventable exposure; however, well-conducted studies of gene-environment interactions that draw on data from more than 50 years of research in toxicology, pathophysiology, and behavioral science offer important models for the development of more comprehensive approaches to understanding the etiology of chronic diseases. C1 [Gwinn, Marta; Guessous, Idris; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Guessous, Idris] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gwinn, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-89, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mgwinn@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 170 IS 6 BP 703 EP 707 DI 10.1093/aje/kwp221 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 491UX UT WOS:000269606900005 PM 19671836 ER PT J AU Fricke, WF McDermott, PF Mammel, MK Zhao, SH Johnson, TJ Rasko, DA Fedorka-Cray, PJ Pedroso, A Whichard, JM LeClerc, JE White, DG Cebula, TA Ravel, J AF Fricke, W. Florian McDermott, Patrick F. Mammel, Mark K. Zhao, Shaohua Johnson, Timothy J. Rasko, David A. Fedorka-Cray, Paula J. Pedroso, Adriana Whichard, Jean M. LeClerc, J. Eugene White, David G. Cebula, Thomas A. Ravel, Jacques TI Antimicrobial Resistance-Conferring Plasmids with Similarity to Virulence Plasmids from Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains in Salmonella enterica Serovar Kentucky Isolates from Poultry SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOOD ANIMALS POSE; R64 THIN-PILUS; HUMAN HEALTH; GENOME SEQUENCE; PUBLISHED DATA; DNA-SEQUENCE; O78 STRAIN; GENES; ANTIBIOTICS; PRODUCTS AB Salmonella enterica, a leading cause of food-borne gastroenteritis worldwide, may be found in any raw food of animal, vegetable, or fruit origin. Salmonella serovars differ in distribution, virulence, and host specificity. Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky, though often found in the food supply, is less commonly isolated from ill humans. The multidrug-resistant isolate S. Kentucky CVM29188, isolated from a chicken breast sample in 2003, contains three plasmids (146,811 bp, 101,461 bp, and 46,121 bp), two of which carry resistance determinants (pCVM29188_146 [strAB and tetRA] and pCVM29188_101 [bla(CMY-2) and sugE]). Both resistance plasmids were transferable by conjugation, alone or in combination, to S. Kentucky, Salmonella enterica serovar Newport, and Escherichia coli recipients. pCVM29188_146 shares a highly conserved plasmid backbone of 106 kb (>90% nucleotide identity) with two virulence plasmids from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains (pAPEC-O1-ColBM and pAPEC-O2-ColV). Shared avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) virulence factors include iutA iucABCD, sitABCD, etsABC, iss, and iroBCDEN. PCR analyses of recent (1997 to 2005) S. Kentucky isolates from food animal, retail meat, and human sources revealed that 172 (60%) contained similar APEC-like plasmid backbones. Notably, though rare in human-and cattle-derived isolates, this plasmid backbone was found at a high frequency (50 to 100%) among S. Kentucky isolates from chickens within the same time span. Ninety-four percent of the APEC-positive isolates showed resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin. Together, our findings of a resistance-conferring APEC virulence plasmid in a poultry-derived S. Kentucky isolate and of similar resistance/virulence plasmids in most recent S. Kentucky isolates from chickens and, to lesser degree, from humans and cattle highlight the need for additional research in order to examine the prevalence and spread of combined virulence and resistance plasmids in bacteria in agricultural, environmental, and clinical settings. C1 [Fricke, W. Florian; Rasko, David A.; Ravel, Jacques] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [McDermott, Patrick F.; Zhao, Shaohua; White, David G.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Mammel, Mark K.; Whichard, Jean M.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Johnson, Timothy J.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fedorka-Cray, Paula J.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Pedroso, Adriana] Univ Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA 30223 USA. [Whichard, Jean M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cebula, Thomas A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Ravel, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, 801 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM jravel@som.umaryland.edu RI Ravel, Jacques/D-2530-2009; OI Ravel, Jacques/0000-0002-0851-2233; David, Rasko/0000-0002-7337-7154 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [pCVM29188_146, pCVM29188_101, pCVM29188_46]; National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [N01-AI-30071] FX The sequencing of pCVM29188_146, pCVM29188_101, and pCVM29188_46 was supported with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under NIAID contract N01-AI-30071. NR 46 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 18 BP 5963 EP 5971 DI 10.1128/AEM.00786-09 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 491VF UT WOS:000269608000025 PM 19648374 ER PT J AU Pollack, LA Rowland, JH Crammer, C Stefanek, M AF Pollack, Lori A. Rowland, Julia H. Crammer, Corinne Stefanek, Michael TI Introduction: Charting the Landscape of Cancer Survivors' Health-Related Outcomes and Care SO CANCER LA English DT Editorial Material AB The field of cancer survivorship is characterized by a complex and rapidly evolving landscape. This supplement presents a series of data-driven articles selected to highlight the breadth of new knowledge in this area of the cancer control continuum that were presented at the Fourth Biennial Cancer Survivorship Research Conference in Atlanta, Georgia, June 2008. Included in the volume is research on the biobehavioral impact of cancer; studies on quality-of-life and economic outcomes; and work focused on caregivers, understudied populations, and healthcare providers. Cancer 2009;115(18 suppl):4265-9. Published 2009 by the American Cancer Society. C1 [Pollack, Lori A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rowland, Julia H.] NCI, Off Canc Survivorship, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Crammer, Corinne; Stefanek, Michael] Amer Canc Soc, Behav Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Pollack, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lpollack@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 115 IS 18 BP 4265 EP 4269 DI 10.1002/cncr.24579 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 493CA UT WOS:000269709500001 PM 19731347 ER PT J AU Pickering, LK Baker, CJ Freed, GL Gall, SA Grogg, SE Poland, GA Rodewald, LE Schaffner, W Stinchfield, P Tan, L Zimmerman, RK Orenstein, WA AF Pickering, Larry K. Baker, Carol J. Freed, Gary L. Gall, Stanley A. Grogg, Stanley E. Poland, Gregory A. Rodewald, Lance E. Schaffner, William Stinchfield, Patricia Tan, Litjen Zimmerman, Richard K. Orenstein, Walter A. TI Immunization Programs for Infants, Children, Adolescents, and Adults: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; DTP VACCINE LITIGATION; HEPATITIS-B INFECTION; LONG-TERM-CARE; UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; MEDICAL SETTINGS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION; INFORMATION-SYSTEMS AB Evidence-based guidelines for immunization of infants, children, adolescents, and adults have been prepared by an Expert Panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). These updated guidelines replace the previous immunization guidelines published in 2002. These guidelines are prepared for health care professionals who care for either immunocompetent or immunocompromised people of all ages. Since 2002, the capacity to prevent more infectious diseases has increased markedly for several reasons: new vaccines have been licensed (human papillomavirus vaccine; live, attenuated influenza vaccine; meningococcal conjugate vaccine; rotavirus vaccine; tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis [Tdap] vaccine; and zoster vaccine), new combination vaccines have become available (measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine; tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis and inactivated polio vaccine; and tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis and inactivated polio/Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine), hepatitis A vaccines are now recommended universally for young children, influenza vaccines are recommended annually for all children aged 6 months through 18 years and for adults aged >= 50 years, and a second dose of varicella vaccine has been added to the routine childhood and adolescent immunization schedule. Many of these changes have resulted in expansion of the adolescent and adult immunization schedules. In addition, increased emphasis has been placed on removing barriers to immunization, eliminating racial/ethnic disparities, addressing vaccine safety issues, financing recommended vaccines, and immunizing specific groups, including health care providers, immunocompromised people, pregnant women, international travelers, and internationally adopted children. This document includes 46 standards that, if followed, should lead to optimal disease prevention through vaccination in multiple population groups while maintaining high levels of safety. C1 [Pickering, Larry K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Advisory Comm Immunizat Practices, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pickering, LK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Advisory Comm Immunizat Practices, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LPickering@cdc.gov OI Tan, Litjen/0000-0001-9054-6696; Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092; Rodewald, Lance/0000-0003-2593-542X FU Astellas; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck; Sanofi Pasteur; MedImmune; Wyeth; member of Merck's Male Population Advisory Board; National Institute of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Novavax; Protein Sciences; Novartis; CSL Limited; PowderMed; Avianax FX S. A. G. serves as a consultant to the advisory boards and has received research grants from Merck and GlaxoSmithKline and serves on the speaker's bureaus of Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi Pasteur, and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices working group for Influenza and HPV. S. E. G. has received research funding from Astellas, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Sanofi Pasteur, MedImmune, and Wyeth; is a member of Merck's Male Population Advisory Board for the HPV (Gardasil) vaccine; and serves on the speaker's bureau for and has received honoraria from Merck and AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals. W. S. serves on the Merck Data Safety Monitoring Board for Experimental Vaccines and has received honoraria from Sanofi-Pasteur and MedImmune. G. A. P. has received research grants from and serves as a consultant to the National Institute of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Novavax, Merck, Protein Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, CSL Limited, PowderMed, and Avianax. R. Z. serves on the Data Safety Monitoring Board, has received educational and research grants from Merck, and is in contract negotiations with MedImmune. L.K.P., C.J.B., G.L.F, L.R., P.S., L.T., and W.A.O.: no conflicts. NR 116 TC 63 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 6 BP 817 EP 840 DI 10.1086/605430 PG 24 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 485ST UT WOS:000269145100001 PM 19659433 ER PT J AU Jones, JL Dargelas, V Roberts, J Press, C Remington, JS Montoya, JG AF Jones, Jeffrey L. Dargelas, Valerie Roberts, Jacquelin Press, Cindy Remington, Jack S. Montoya, Jose G. TI Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TREATED CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; SEA OTTERS; ACQUIRED TOXOPLASMOSIS; TISSUE CYSTS; DIAGNOSIS; RETINOCHOROIDITIS; MANIFESTATIONS; ANTIBODIES; MANAGEMENT; CHILDREN AB Background. Toxoplasmosis can cause severe ocular and neurological disease. We sought to determine risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States. Methods. We conducted a case-control study of adults recently infected with T. gondii. Case patients were selected from the Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory from August 2002 through May 2007; control patients were randomly selected from among T. gondii-seronegative persons. Data were obtained from serological testing and patient questionnaires. Results. We evaluated 148 case patients with recent T. gondii infection and 413 control patients. In multivariate analysis, an elevated risk of recent T. gondii infection was associated with the following factors: eating raw ground beef ( adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 6.67; 95% confidence limits [CLs], 2.09, 21.24; attributable risk [AR], 7%); eating rare lamb (aOR, 8.39; 95% CLs, 3.68, 19.16; AR, 20%); eating locally produced cured, dried, or smoked meat (aOR, 1.97; 95% CLs, 1.18, 3.28; AR, 22%); working with meat (aOR, 3.15; 95% CLs, 1.09, 9.10; AR, 5%); drinking unpasteurized goat's milk (aOR, 5.09; 95% CLs, 1.45, 17.80; AR, 4%); and having 3 or more kittens (aOR, 27.89; 95% CLs, 5.72, 135.86; AR, 10%). Eating raw oysters, clams, or mussels (aOR, 2.22; 95% CLs, 1.07, 4.61; AR, 16%) was significant in a separate model among persons asked this question. Subgroup results are also provided for women and for pregnant women. Conclusions. In the United States, exposure to certain raw or undercooked foods and exposure to kittens are risk factors for T. gondii infection. Knowledge of these risk factors will help to target prevention efforts. C1 [Jones, Jeffrey L.; Roberts, Jacquelin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dargelas, Valerie; Press, Cindy; Remington, Jack S.; Montoya, Jose G.] Palo Alto Med Fdn, Toxoplasma Serol Lab, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Remington, Jack S.; Montoya, Jose G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis & Geog Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jlj1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 144 Z9 153 U1 1 U2 26 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 6 BP 878 EP 884 DI 10.1086/605433 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 485ST UT WOS:000269145100008 PM 19663709 ER PT J AU Modi, S Buff, AM Lawson, CJ Rodriguez, D Kirking, HL Lipman, H Fishbein, DB AF Modi, Surbhi Buff, Ann M. Lawson, Carl J. Rodriguez, Daniel Kirking, Hannah L. Lipman, Harvey Fishbein, Daniel B. TI Reporting Patterns and Characteristics of Tuberculosis among International Travelers, United States, June 2006 to May 2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; AIR-TRAVEL; TRANSMISSION; ABOARD; SHIP; QUARANTINE; OUTBREAK AB Background. As part of efforts to prevent the introduction of communicable diseases into the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducts surveillance for selected diseases in international travelers. One of these diseases, tuberculosis (TB), received substantial attention in May 2007 when the CDC issued travel restrictions and a federal isolation order for a person with drug-resistant TB who traveled internationally against public health recommendations. Methods. Reports of TB in international travelers in the CDC's Quarantine Activity Reporting System (QARS) from 1 June 2006 through 31 May 2007 (year 1) were compared with reports from 1 June 2007 through 31 May 2008 (year 2). These reports were classified using the CDC and American Thoracic Society guidelines and analyzed for epidemiologic characteristics and trends. Results. Among QARS reports, 4.6% were classified as active TB disease and 1.7% as no TB disease. Active TB disease reports increased from 2.5% of QARS reports in year 1 to 6.4% in year 2 (P < .001). The proportion P < .001 of active TB disease reports leading to a federal travel restriction increased from 6.8% in year 1 to 15.4% in year 2 (P = .08). Conclusions. The significant increase in reports of international travelers with TB disease likely represents more attention to and a higher index of suspicion for TB. The increased use of federal travel restrictions was associated with the development of new procedures to limit travel for public health reasons. Continued efforts are needed to decrease the number of persons with TB who travel while potentially contagious. C1 [Modi, Surbhi; Lawson, Carl J.; Rodriguez, Daniel; Kirking, Hannah L.; Lipman, Harvey; Fishbein, Daniel B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buff, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirking, Hannah L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Experience Appl Epidemiol Fellowship Program, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buff, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Modi, Surbhi] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Modi, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM smodi@cdc.gov FU CDC Experience Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program; CDC Foundation from Pfizer FX S.M., A.M.B., C.J.L., D.R., H.L. K., H.L., and D. B. F. are all employed by the CDC. H. L. K. is a fellow in the CDC Experience Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program, which is a public-private partnership supported jointly by the CDC and Pfizer via a grant to the CDC Foundation from Pfizer. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 6 BP 885 EP 891 DI 10.1086/605437 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 485ST UT WOS:000269145100009 PM 19663563 ER PT J AU Patel, JB Gorwitz, RJ Jernigan, JA AF Patel, Jean B. Gorwitz, Rachel J. Jernigan, John A. TI Mupirocin Resistance SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS INFECTIONS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CHRONIC PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; HIGH-LEVEL; INTRANASAL MUPIROCIN; INTERPRETIVE CRITERIA; NASAL MUPIROCIN AB With increasing pressure to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, it is possible that there will be increased use of mupirocin for nasal decolonization of MRSA. Understanding the mechanisms, clinical significance, and epidemiology of mupirocin resistance is important for predicting how changes in mupirocin use may affect bacterial populations and MRSA control. High-level mupirocin resistance in S. aureus is mediated by a plasmid-encoded mupA gene. This gene can be found on conjugative plasmids that carry multiple resistance determinants for other classes of antimicrobial agents. High-level resistance has been associated with decolonization failure, and increased resistance rates have been associated with increased mupirocin use. Low-level mupirocin resistance is mediated via mutation in the native ileS gene, and the clinical significance of this resistance is unclear. Laboratory tests to detect and distinguish between these types of resistance have been described but are not widely available in the United States. Institutions that are considering the implementation of widespread mupirocin use should consider these resistance issues and develop strategies to monitor the impact of mupirocin use. C1 [Patel, Jean B.; Gorwitz, Rachel J.; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Patel, JB (reprint author), Mailstop G-08,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jpatel1@cdc.gov NR 66 TC 138 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 6 BP 935 EP 941 DI 10.1086/605495 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 485ST UT WOS:000269145100018 PM 19673644 ER PT J AU Staples, JE Breiman, RF Powers, AM AF Staples, J. Erin Breiman, Robert F. Powers, Ann M. TI Chikungunya Fever: An Epidemiological Review of a Re-Emerging Infectious Disease SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID VIRUS-INFECTION; REUNION ISLAND; INDIAN-OCEAN; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; ADULT PATIENTS; SOUTH-INDIA; RHEUMATIC MANIFESTATIONS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; RISK-FACTORS; OUTBREAK AB Chikungunya fever is an acute febrile illness associated with severe, often debilitating polyarthralgias. The disease is caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arthropod-borne virus that is transmitted to humans primarily via the bite of an infected mosquito. Since a re-emergence of CHIKV in 2004, the virus has spread into novel locations, such as Europe, and has led to millions of cases of disease throughout countries in and around the Indian Ocean. The risk of importation of CHIKV into new areas is ever present because of the high attack rates associated with the recurring epidemics, the high levels of viremia in infected humans, and the worldwide distribution of the vectors responsible for transmitting CHIKV. In this review, we will characterize the epidemiology and global expansion of CHIKV, describe the clinical features and laboratory testing for the disease, and discuss priorities for further studies needed for effective disease control and prevention. C1 [Staples, J. Erin; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Staples, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM EStaples@cdc.gov NR 85 TC 187 Z9 199 U1 2 U2 43 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 6 BP 942 EP 948 DI 10.1086/605496 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 485ST UT WOS:000269145100019 PM 19663604 ER PT J AU Jhung, MA Banerjee, SN AF Jhung, Michael A. Banerjee, Shailen N. TI Administrative Coding Data and Health Care-Associated Infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SURGICAL-SITE INFECTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS INFECTIONS; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE DIAGNOSES; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION; SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; IDENTIFICATION; VALIDATION AB Surveillance for health care-associated infections (HAIs) using administrative data has received attention from health care epidemiologists searching for efficient means to track infections in their institutions. Several states are also considering electronic surveillance that incorporates administrative data as a means to satisfy an increasing demand for mandatory public reporting of HAIs. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) discharge diagnosis codes have attributes that make them suitable for detecting HAIs; for example, they may facilitate automated surveillance, freeing up infection control personnel to perform other important tasks, such as staff education and outbreak investigation. However, controversy surrounds the appropriate use of ICD-9-CM data in detecting HAIs, and administrative coding data have been criticized for lacking elements necessary for surveillance. Administrative coding data are inappropriate as the sole means of HAI surveillance but may have value to the health care epidemiologist as a way to augment traditional methods. C1 [Jhung, Michael A.; Banerjee, Shailen N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jhung, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mjhung@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 6 BP 949 EP 955 DI 10.1086/605086 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 485ST UT WOS:000269145100020 PM 19663692 ER PT J AU Blanton, JD Robertson, K Palmer, D Rupprecht, CE AF Blanton, Jesse D. Robertson, Kis Palmer, Dustyn Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2008 SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC VETERINARY-MEDICINE; RACCOON RABIES; TERRESTRIAL CARNIVORES; ORAL VACCINATION; NEW-JERSEY; VIRUS; WILDLIFE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; EFFICACY AB During 2008, 49 states and Puerto Rico reported 6,841 cases of rabies in animals and 2 cases in humans to the CDC, representing a 3.1% decrease from the 7,060 cases in animals and 1 case in a human reported in 2007 Approximately 93% of the cases were in wildlife, and 7% were in domestic animals. Relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 2,389 (34.9%) raccoons, 1,806 (26.4%) bats, 1,589 (23.2%) skunks, 454 (6.6%) foxes, 294 (4.3%) cats, 75 (1.1%) dogs, and 59 (0.9%) cattle. Compared with numbers of cases reported in 2007, numbers of cases reported in 2008 increased among cats, cattle, and skunks and decreased among dogs, raccoons, bats, and foxes. Numbers of rabid raccoons reported during 2008 decreased in 11 of the 20 eastern states where raccoon rabies was enzootic; overall number of rabid raccoons reported decreased by 8.6% during 2008, compared with 2007. On a national level, the number of rabies cases involving skunks increased by 77% during 2008, compared with the number reported in 2007; this was the first increase in the number of reported rabid skunks since 2006. The total number of cases of rabies reported nationally in foxes decreased 1.7% in 2008, compared with 2007. The 1,806 cases of rabies reported in bats represented a 6.7% decrease, compared with the number reported in 2007 One case of rabies in a dog imported from Iraq was reported at a quarantine station in New Jersey during 2008. Follow-up of potentially exposed animals in the same shipment did not reveal any secondary transmission. The United States remained free from clog-to-clog transmission of canine rabies virus variants. Total number of rabid dogs reported decreased 19.4% in 2008, compared with 2007. Two human rabies cases were reported from California and Missouri during 2008. The California case involved a recent immigrant from Mexico and was attributed to a newly identified rabies virus variant most likely associated with Mexican free-tailed bats. The case in Missouri was attributed to a rabies virus variant associated with eastern pipistrelle and silver-haired bats. C1 [Blanton, Jesse D.; Palmer, Dustyn; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis,Coordina, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Robertson, Kis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Blanton, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis,Coordina, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 67 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 235 IS 6 BP 676 EP 689 PG 14 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 493YV UT WOS:000269776600028 PM 19751163 ER PT J AU LeBaron, CW Forghani, B Matter, L Reef, SE Beck, C Bi, DL Cossen, C Sullivan, BJ AF LeBaron, Charles W. Forghani, Bagher Matter, Lukas Reef, Susan E. Beck, Carol Bi, Daoling Cossen, Cynthia Sullivan, Bradley J. TI Persistence of Rubella Antibodies after 2 Doses of Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M ANTIBODIES; CONGENITAL-RUBELLA; UNITED-STATES; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAYS; MATERNAL REINFECTION; VIRUS; IMMUNITY; ELIMINATION; CHALLENGE; SCHOOLCHILDREN AB Background. Since 1990, most schoolchildren in the United States have received a second dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR2) at kindergarten entry. Elimination of endemic rubella virus circulation in the United States was declared in 2004. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the short- and long-term rubella immunogenicity of MMR2. Methods. At enrollment in 1994-1995, children (n = 307) in a rural Wisconsin health maintenance organization received MMR2 at age 4-6 years. A comparison group of older children (n = 306) was vaccinated at age 9-11 years. Serum specimens were collected during a 12-year period. Rubella antibody levels were evaluated by plaque-reduction neutralization (lowest detectable titer, 1:10). Results. Before administration of MMR2 in the kindergarten group, 9% of subjects were seronegative, 60% had the lowest detectable titer, and the geometric mean titer (GMT) was 1:13. One month after administration of MMR2, 1% were seronegative, 6% had the lowest detectable titer, and the GMT was 1:42. Four-fold boosts occurred in 62% of subjects, but only 0.3% were immunoglobulin M positive. Twelve years after MMR2 administration, 10% were seronegative, 43% had the lowest detectable titer, and the GMT was 1:17. The middle-school group showed similar patterns. Conclusions. Rubella antibody response to MMR2 was vigorous, but titers decreased to pre-MMR2 levels after 12 years. Because rubella is a highly epidemic disease, vigilance will be required to assure continued elimination. C1 [LeBaron, Charles W.; Reef, Susan E.; Bi, Daoling] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Forghani, Bagher; Cossen, Cynthia] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. [Beck, Carol; Sullivan, Bradley J.] Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Matter, Lukas] Viollier, Div Immunol, Basel, Switzerland. RP LeBaron, CW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS A-47,16 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM clebaron@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 6 BP 888 EP 899 DI 10.1086/605410 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 484HF UT WOS:000269034200009 PM 19659440 ER PT J AU Igietseme, JU He, Q Joseph, K Eko, FO Lyn, D Ananaba, G Campbell, A Bandea, C Black, CM AF Igietseme, Joseph U. He, Qing Joseph, Kahaliah Eko, Francis O. Lyn, Deborah Ananaba, Godwin Campbell, Angela Bandea, Claudiu Black, Carolyn M. TI Role of T Lymphocytes in the Pathogenesis of Chlamydia Disease SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; GENITAL-TRACT INFECTION; TRACHOMATIS; IMMUNITY; CELLS; VACCINE; MICE; IMMUNIZATION; INFERTILITY; PROTECTION AB Vaccines are needed to prevent the oculogenital diseases of Chlamydia trachomatis. Infected hosts develop immunity, although temporary, and experimental vaccines have yielded significant protective immunity in animal models, fueling the impetus for a vaccine. Because infections cause sequelae, the functional relationship between infection- and vaccine-induced immunity is unclear. We hypothesized that infection- and vaccine-induced immunity are functionally distinct, particularly in the ability to prevent sequelae. Chlamydia-immune mice, with immunity generated by either a previous infection or vaccination, exhibited a significant degree of protective immunity, marked by a lower-intensity, abbreviated course of infection. However, vaccinated mice were protected from infertility, whereas preinfected mice were not. Thus, infection- induced immunity does not prevent the pathologic process leading to infertility. Furthermore, T cell subsets, especially CD8 T cells, play a major role in Chlamydia-induced infertility. The results have important implications for the immunopathogenesis of chlamydial disease and new vaccine strategies. C1 [Igietseme, Joseph U.; He, Qing; Joseph, Kahaliah; Bandea, Claudiu; Black, Carolyn M.] Morehouse Sch Med, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Igietseme, Joseph U.; He, Qing; Eko, Francis O.; Lyn, Deborah] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Ananaba, Godwin; Campbell, Angela] Clark Atlanta Univ, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. RP Igietseme, JU (reprint author), CDC, NCID, DSR, Mailstop C17,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jigietseme@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [AI41231, GM 08248, RR03034] FX National Institutes of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Public Health Service grants AI41231, GM 08248, and RR03034). Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Igietseme, NCID/DSR/CDC, Mailstop C17, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 (jigietseme@cdc.gov). NR 47 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 6 BP 926 EP 934 DI 10.1086/605411 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 484HF UT WOS:000269034200013 PM 19656067 ER PT J AU Golden-Mason, L Palmer, BE Kassam, N Townshend-Bulson, L Livingston, S McMahon, BJ Castelblanco, N Kuchroo, V Gretch, DR Rosen, HR AF Golden-Mason, Lucy Palmer, Brent E. Kassam, Nasim Townshend-Bulson, Lisa Livingston, Stephen McMahon, Brian J. Castelblanco, Nicole Kuchroo, Vijay Gretch, David R. Rosen, Hugo R. TI Negative Immune Regulator Tim-3 Is Overexpressed on T Cells in Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Its Blockade Rescues Dysfunctional CD4(+) and CD8(+) T Cells SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; CD127 EXPRESSION; PD-1 EXPRESSION; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; HCV INFECTION; EFFECTOR; LYMPHOCYTES; PHENOTYPE; FREQUENCIES; GALECTIN-9 AB A number of emerging molecules and pathways have been implicated in mediating the T-cell exhaustion characteristic of chronic viral infection. Not all dysfunctional T cells express PD-1, nor are they all rescued by blockade of the PD-1/PD-1 ligand pathway. In this study, we characterize the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) in chronic hepatitis C infection. For the first time, we found that Tim-3 expression is increased on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The proportion of dually PD-1/Tim-3-expressing cells is greatest in liver-resident T cells, significantly more so in HCV-specific than in cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Tim-3 expression correlates with a dysfunctional and senescent phenotype (CD127(low) CD57(high)), a central rather than effector memory profile (CD45RA(negative) CCR7(high)), and reduced Th1/Tc1 cytokine production. We also demonstrate the ability to enhance T-cell proliferation and gamma interferon production in response to HCV-specific antigens by blocking the Tim-3-Tim-3 ligand interaction. These findings have implications for the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches to this common viral infection. C1 [Golden-Mason, Lucy; Castelblanco, Nicole; Rosen, Hugo R.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. [Golden-Mason, Lucy; Palmer, Brent E.; Castelblanco, Nicole; Rosen, Hugo R.] Natl Jewish Hosp, Denver, CO USA. [Golden-Mason, Lucy; Castelblanco, Nicole; Rosen, Hugo R.] Denver VA Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Palmer, Brent E.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Clin Immunol, Denver, CO USA. [Kassam, Nasim; Kuchroo, Vijay] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Neurol Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Townshend-Bulson, Lisa; Livingston, Stephen; McMahon, Brian J.] Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. [McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Gretch, David R.] Univ Washington, Div Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), GI & Hepatol Div, B-158,Acad Off Bldg 1,12631 E 17th Ave,Room 7614,, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Hugo.Rosen@UCHSC.edu FU U19 HCV Center [RO1 AI 066209] FX This study was supported by a U19 HCV Center Grant to H. R. R. and grant RO1 AI 066209 to D. R. G. NR 25 TC 224 Z9 243 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 83 IS 18 BP 9122 EP 9130 DI 10.1128/JVI.00639-09 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 485MI UT WOS:000269127000010 PM 19587053 ER PT J AU Vesper, HW Bhasin, S Wang, C Tai, SS Dodge, LA Singh, RJ Nelson, J Ohorodnik, S Clarke, NJ Salameh, WA Parker, CR Razdan, R Monsell, EA Myers, GL AF Vesper, Hubert W. Bhasin, Shalender Wang, Christina Tai, Susan S. Dodge, Larry A. Singh, Ravinder J. Nelson, Judie Ohorodnik, Susan Clarke, Nigel J. Salameh, Wael A. Parker, C. Richard, Jr. Razdan, Raj Monsell, Elizabeth A. Myers, Gary L. TI Interlaboratory comparison study of serum total testosterone measurements performed by mass spectrometry methods (vol 74, pg 498, 2009) SO STEROIDS LA English DT Correction C1 [Vesper, Hubert W.; Razdan, Raj; Monsell, Elizabeth A.; Myers, Gary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bhasin, Shalender] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Wang, Christina] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Wang, Christina] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Tai, Susan S.] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Dodge, Larry A.; Singh, Ravinder J.] Mayo Fdn, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Nelson, Judie] Childrens & Womens Hlth Ctr BC, Newborn Screening Biochem Genet Labs, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada. [Ohorodnik, Susan] Taylor Technol Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Clarke, Nigel J.; Salameh, Wael A.] QuestDiagnost Nichols Inst, San Juan Capistrano, CA 92675 USA. [Parker, C. Richard, Jr.] Univ Alabama, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,NE F25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM HVesper@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0039-128X J9 STEROIDS JI Steroids PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 74 IS 9 BP 791 EP 791 DI 10.1016/j.steroids.2009.05.001 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 472KH UT WOS:000268129000014 ER PT J AU Spiropoulou, CF Ranjan, P Pearce, MB Sealy, TK Albarino, CG Gangappa, S Fujita, T Rollin, PE Nichol, ST Ksiazek, TG Sambhara, S AF Spiropoulou, Christina F. Ranjan, Priya Pearce, Melissa B. Sealy, Tara K. Albarino, Cesar G. Gangappa, Shivaprakash Fujita, Takashi Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. Ksiazek, Thomas G. Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI RIG-I activation inhibits ebolavirus replication SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ebolavirus; RIG-I ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; VP35 PROTEIN; INTERFERON INDUCTION; ANTIVIRAL RESPONSES; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INNATE IMMUNITY; VIRUSES; RECOGNITION; THERAPEUTICS AB Hemorrhagic fever viruses are associated with rapidly progressing severe disease with high case fatality, making them of public health and biothreat importance. Effective antivirals are not available for most of the members of this diverse group of viruses. A broad spectrum strategy for antiviral development would be very advantageous. Perhaps the most challenging target would be the highly immunosuppressive filoviruses, ebolovirus and marburgvirus, associated with aerosol infectivity and case fatalities in the 80-90% range. Here we report that activation of evolutionarily conserved cytosolic viral nucleic acid sensor, RIG-I can cause severe inhibition of ebolavirus replication. These findings indicate that RIG-I-based therapies may provide an attractive approach for antivirals against Ebola hemorrhagic fever, and possibly other HF viruses. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Spiropoulou, Christina F.; Sealy, Tara K.; Albarino, Cesar G.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Ksiazek, Thomas G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ranjan, Priya; Pearce, Melissa B.; Gangappa, Shivaprakash; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fujita, Takashi] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. RP Spiropoulou, CF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ccs8@cdc.gov FU NVPO FX The work was supported by a grant from NVPO awarded to SS. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP 15 PY 2009 VL 392 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2009.06.032 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 494BG UT WOS:000269783500002 PM 19628240 ER PT J AU Burr, CK Fry, RS Weber, S Armas-Kolostroubis, LN Lampe, MA AF Burr, Carolyn K. Fry, Rebecca S. Weber, Shannon Armas-Kolostroubis, Laura N. Lampe, Margaret A. TI Integrating reproductive health into HIV care of women in the United States: it is time SO AIDS LA English DT Letter C1 [Burr, Carolyn K.; Fry, Rebecca S.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Nursing, Francois Xavier Bagnoud Ctr, Newark, NJ 07101 USA. [Weber, Shannon] Univ Calif San Francisco, Natl HIV AIDS Clinicians Consultat Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Armas-Kolostroubis, Laura N.] Parkland Hlth & Hosp Syst & Texas, Oklahoma AIDS Educ & Training Ctr, Dallas, TX USA. [Lampe, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fry, RS (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Nursing, Francois Xavier Bagnoud Ctr, 65 Bergen St,8th Floor, Newark, NJ 07101 USA. EM fryre@umdnj.edu NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD SEP 10 PY 2009 VL 23 IS 14 BP 1928 EP 1930 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328330f2ee PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 495QJ UT WOS:000269908800023 PM 19710563 ER PT J AU Fukagawa, C Alvarez, F Messenger, S Schnurr, D Gavali, S Glaser, CA Sun, B Ocana, M Waterman, S Blanton, JD Rupprecht, CE AF Fukagawa, C. Alvarez, F. Messenger, S. Schnurr, D. Gavali, S. Glaser, C. A. Sun, B. Ocana, M. Waterman, S. Blanton, J. D. Rupprecht, C. E. TI Imported Human Rabies-California, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 713-716, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Fukagawa, C.; Alvarez, F.] Santa Barbara Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Blanton, J. D.; Rupprecht, C. E.] CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fukagawa, C (reprint author), Santa Barbara Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Santa Barbara, CA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 9 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 10 BP 1051 EP 1052 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 491XH UT WOS:000269616200010 ER PT J AU Chace, DH Lim, T Hansen, CR De Jesus, VR Hannon, WH AF Chace, Donald H. Lim, Timothy Hansen, Christina R. De Jesus, Victor R. Hannon, W. Harry TI Improved MS/MS analysis of succinylacetone extracted from dried blood spots when combined with amino acids and acylcarnitine butyl esters SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Tandem mass spectrometry; Succinylacetone; Acylcarnitines; Tyrosinemia type 1; Dried blood spots; Newborn screening ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TYROSINEMIA TYPE-I; HEPATORENAL TYROSINEMIA; HEREDITARY TYROSINEMIA; SPECIMENS; URINE; QUANTIFICATION; INFANTS AB Background: The utilization of succinylacetone (SUAC) as the primary metabolic marker for tyrosinemia Type 1 is now well known. thus new methods have been developed to analyze SUAC as a first tier test in newborn screening. One approach is to prepare a SUAC hydrazine derivative from the dried blood spots (DBS) previously utilized in the extraction of acylcarnitine (AC) and amino acids (AA). The final derivatized products of SUAC, AA and AC are combined in a single tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) analysis. However, butyl esterification techniques may result in contamination of underivatized acylcarnitines by as much as 20%. We have developed a simple wash step to improve the combined analysis of SUAC, AA and AC in DBS by MS/MS. Methods: AA and AC were extracted with methanol containing labeled internal standard from 3.2 mm punches taken from the DBS specimen. The previously extracted blood spot that remains after removal of the methanol extraction solvent was used in the preparation of SUAC with and without additional washing of the blood spot. The butyl ester eluates of AA and AC, and SUAC hydrazine derivatives were recombined and measured by MS/MS. Results: Three additional methanol wash steps of the remaining DBS punches prior to SUAC derivatization reduced the presence of underivatized acylcarnitines, resulting in a 4-fold reduction of underivatized palmitoylcarnitine. Palmitoylcarnitine butyl ester is detected at m/z 456 while the underivatized species is detected at m/z 400, which is also the mass of dodecanoylcarnitine butyl ester. The linearity of the SUAC assay was unchanged by the additional wash steps. For butyl esterification methods, the preferred analytic procedure, the presence of AC can compromise the results of a newborn screen for the actual concentrations of acylcarnitines. It is essential to remove any underivatized acylcarnitines prior to SUAC analysis. Conclusion: The additional methanol wash steps did not alter SUAC assay results but did remove underivatized acylcarnitines which could result in the incorrect quantification of acylcarnitines. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chace, Donald H.; Hansen, Christina R.] Pediatrix Med Grp Inc, Pediatrix Analyt, Ctr Res & Educ, Sunrise, FL 33323 USA. [Lim, Timothy; De Jesus, Victor R.; Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Chace, DH (reprint author), Pediatrix Med Grp Inc, Pediatrix Analyt, Ctr Res & Educ, 1301 Concord Terrace, Sunrise, FL 33323 USA. EM donald_chace@pediatrix.com FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program (NSQAP) FX This work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program (NSQAP). The authors would like to acknowledge Ms. Barbara W. Adam and Drjoanne V. Mei for helpful discussions regarding sample preparation. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD SEP 3 PY 2009 VL 407 IS 1-2 BP 6 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2009.06.017 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 487ST UT WOS:000269296800002 PM 19545553 ER PT J AU Hamer, DH Singh, MP Wylie, BJ Yeboah-Antwi, K Tuchman, J Desai, M Udhayakumar, V Gupta, P Brooks, MI Shukla, MM Awasthy, K Sabin, L MacLeod, WB Dash, AP Singh, N AF Hamer, Davidson H. Singh, Mrigendra P. Wylie, Blair J. Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo Tuchman, Jordan Desai, Meghna Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Gupta, Priti Brooks, Mohamad I. Shukla, Manmohan M. Awasthy, Kiran Sabin, Lora MacLeod, William B. Dash, Aditya P. Singh, Neeru TI Burden of malaria in pregnancy in Jharkhand State, India SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RAPID DIAGNOSTIC-TEST; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; STRATEGIES; WOMEN AB Background: Past studies in India included only symptomatic pregnant women and thus may have overestimated the proportion of women with malaria. Given the large population at risk, a cross sectional study was conducted in order to better define the burden of malaria in pregnancy in Jharkhand, a malaria-endemic state in central-east India. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys at antenatal clinics and delivery units were performed over a 12-month period at two district hospitals in urban and semi-urban areas, and a rural mission hospital. Malaria was diagnosed by Giemsa-stained blood smear and/or rapid diagnostic test using peripheral or placental blood. Results: 2,386 pregnant women were enrolled at the antenatal clinics and 718 at the delivery units. 1.8% (43/2382) of the antenatal clinic cohort had a positive diagnostic test for malaria (53.5% Plasmodium falciparum, 37.2% Plasmodium vivax, and 9.3% mixed infections). Peripheral parasitaemia was more common in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in rural sites (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 4.31, 95% CI 1.84-10.11) and in those who were younger than 20 years (aRR 2.68, 95% CI 1.03-6.98). Among delivery unit participants, 1.7% (12/717) had peripheral parasitaemia and 2.4% (17/712) had placental parasitaemia. Women attending delivery units were more likely to be parasitaemic if they were in their first or second pregnancy (aRR 3.17, 95% CI 1.32-7.61), had fever in the last week (aRR 5.34, 95% CI 2.89-9.90), or had rural residence (aRR 3.10, 95% CI 1.66-5.79). Malaria control measures including indoor residual spraying (IRS) and untreated bed nets were common, whereas insecticide-treated bed nets (ITN) and malaria chemoprophylaxis were rarely used. Conclusion: The prevalence of malaria among pregnant women was relatively low. However, given the large at-risk population in this malaria-endemic region of India, there is a need to enhance ITN availability and use for prevention of malaria in pregnancy, and to improve case management of symptomatic pregnant women. C1 [Hamer, Davidson H.; Wylie, Blair J.; Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo; Brooks, Mohamad I.; Sabin, Lora; MacLeod, William B.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.; Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo; Sabin, Lora; MacLeod, William B.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Singh, Mrigendra P.; Gupta, Priti; Shukla, Manmohan M.; Awasthy, Kiran; Singh, Neeru] Natl Inst Malaria Res Field Stn, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. [Wylie, Blair J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Tuchman, Jordan] Ctr Leadership & Management, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Desai, Meghna; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dash, Aditya P.; Singh, Neeru] Natl Inst Malaria Res, Delhi, India. [Singh, Neeru] Indian Council Med Res, Reg Med Res Ctr Tribals, Jabalpur, India. RP Hamer, DH (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM dhamer@bu.edu; mrigendrapal@gmail.com; bwylie@partners.org; kyantwi@bu.edu; jtuchman@msh.org; mud8@cdc.gov; vxu0@cdc.gov; pritibiochem00@gmail.com; mib@bu.edu; mm_shukla57@yahoo.co.in; kiranawasthi4@gmail.com; lsabin@bu.edu; wmacleod@bu.edu; apdash2@rediffmail.com; oicmrc@yahoo.co.in OI MacLeod, William/0000-0001-8003-8874; Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495 FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID)/India [GHS-A-00-03-00020-00] FX We would like to thank Dr. MK Das, the study nurses, and Amrit Alok for their efforts on behalf of the study. We also would like to acknowledge the kind administrative and logistical support of the Chief Medical Officers at each of the district hospitals, the Jharkhand State health authorities, and the Indian Council of Medical Research. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD SEP 3 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 210 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-8-210 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 495FQ UT WOS:000269876400003 PM 19728882 ER PT J AU Rowe, AK Kachur, SP Yoon, SS Lynch, M Slutsker, L Steketee, RW AF Rowe, Alexander K. Kachur, S. Patrick Yoon, Steven S. Lynch, Matthew Slutsker, Laurence Steketee, Richard W. TI Caution is required when using health facility-based data to evaluate the health impact of malaria control efforts in Africa SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The global health community is interested in the health impact of the billions of dollars invested to fight malaria in Africa. A recent publication used trends in malaria cases and deaths based on health facility records to evaluate the impact of malaria control efforts in Rwanda and Ethiopia. Although the authors demonstrate the use of facility-based data to estimate the impact of malaria control efforts, they also illustrate several pitfalls of such analyses that should be avoided, minimized, or actively acknowledged. A critique of this analysis is presented because many country programmes and donors are interested in evaluating programmatic impact with facility-based data. Key concerns related to: 1) clarifying the objective of the analysis; 2) data validity; 3) data representativeness; 4) the exploration of trends in factors that could influence malaria rates and thus confound the relationship between intervention scale-up and the observed changes in malaria outcomes; 5) the analytic approaches, including small numbers of patient outcomes, selective reporting of results, and choice of statistical and modeling methods; and 6) internal inconsistency on the strength and interpretation of the data. In conclusion, evaluations of malaria burden reduction using facility-based data could be very helpful, but those data should be collected, analysed, and interpreted with care, transparency, and a full recognition of their limitations. C1 [Rowe, Alexander K.; Kachur, S. Patrick; Yoon, Steven S.; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis,CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lynch, Matthew] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Commun Programs, Global Program Malaria, Baltimore, MD USA. [Steketee, Richard W.] PATH, Ferney Voltaire, France. RP Rowe, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis,CDC, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM axr9@cdc.gov; spk0@cdc.gov; say7@cdc.gov; mlynch@jhuccp.org; lms5@cdc.gov; rsteketee@path.org NR 6 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD SEP 3 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 209 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-8-209 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 495FQ UT WOS:000269876400002 PM 19728880 ER PT J AU Perea, EZ Leon, RB Salcedo, MP Brogdon, WG Devine, GJ AF Zamora Perea, Elvira Balta Leon, Rosario Palomino Salcedo, Miriam Brogdon, William G. Devine, Gregor J. TI Adaptation and evaluation of the bottle assay for monitoring insecticide resistance in disease vector mosquitoes in the Peruvian Amazon SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; ANOPHELES-DARLINGI; MALARIA VECTORS; CULICIDAE; REGION AB Background: The purpose of this study was to establish whether the "bottle assay", a tool for monitoring insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, can complement and augment the capabilities of the established WHO assay, particularly in resource-poor, logistically challenging environments. Methods: Laboratory reared Aedes aegypti and field collected Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles albimanus were used to assess the suitability of locally sourced solvents and formulated insecticides for use with the bottle assay. Using these adapted protocols, the ability of the bottle assay and the WHO assay to discriminate between deltamethrin-resistant Anopheles albimanus populations was compared. The diagnostic dose of deltamethrin that would identify resistance in currently susceptible populations of An. darlingi and Ae. aegypti was defined. The robustness of the bottle assay during a surveillance exercise in the Amazon was assessed. Results: The bottle assay (using technical or formulated material) and the WHO assay were equally able to differentiate deltamethrin-resistant and susceptible An. albimanus populations. A diagnostic dose of 10 mu g a.i./bottle was identified as the most sensitive discriminating dose for characterizing resistance in An. darlingi and Ae. aegypti. Treated bottles, prepared using locally sourced solvents and insecticide formulations, can be stored for > 14 days and used three times. Bottles can be stored and transported under local conditions and field-assays can be completed in a single evening. Conclusion: The flexible and portable nature of the bottle assay and the ready availability of its components make it a potentially robust and useful tool for monitoring insecticide resistance and efficacy in remote areas that require minimal cost tools. C1 [Devine, Gregor J.] Rothamsted Res, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Zamora Perea, Elvira] Lab Salud Publ, Iquitos, Peru. [Balta Leon, Rosario; Palomino Salcedo, Miriam] Inst Nacl Salud, Lima, Peru. [Brogdon, William G.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Devine, GJ (reprint author), Rothamsted Res, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. EM elvirazamoraperea@hotmail.com; rbalta@ins.gob.pe; mpalomino@ins.gob.pe; wgb1@cdc.gov; greg.devine@bbsrc.ac.uk RI Devine, Gregor/H-1141-2014 FU Amazon Malaria Initiative (USAID) via an Inter Agency Agreement (IAA) with CDC FX This work was partially funded by the Amazon Malaria Initiative (USAID) via an Inter Agency Agreement (IAA) with CDC. We thank Dr Raymond Beach (CDC), Captain Gregory Martin and Commander John Sanders (US Navy Medical Research Center Detachment, Peru) for their help in facilitating this work. We thank Dr Moises Sihuincha, Dr Carlos Alvarez and Blgo. Ernesto Curto (Directors of the Laboratorio de Salud Publica, Iquitos) for their assistance. Dr Cesar Cabezas Sanchez, deputy director of the Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), and Dr Jorge Wong Armas, then Director of Medical Investigations, Direccion de Salud (DISA) Loreto, gave written permission for the surveillance exercise. We thank the biologists, technicians and health promoters who took part in that exercise: Iquitos; Andres Rojas, Wagner Orellana, Libertad; Roldan Cardenas, Eulogio Shapiana, Mamerto Sandi, Isidoro Shahuano; Intuto; Victor Macuyama, Cleyder Curico, Gabriel Tamano, Ullpayacu; Luis Pena, Wilfredo Tuanamo, Elio Satalaya, Elio Musselini. We are grateful for the support of Dra. Maria Gastanaga Ruiz, then Director General of the Direccion General de Salud Ambiental (DIGESA), Blga. Elena Ogusku Asato, Vector Control Coordinator (DIGESA) and Arturo Alvarado Aldana, then head of the Centro de Investigacion y Capacitacion (CICE) Piura. We thank those who assisted with the WHO/bottle assay comparison: Etty Lopez (DISA San Martin), Yolanda Dominguez (DISA Tumbes), Karin Escobedo (NMRCD), and Sonia Carrasco, Danilo Abanto, Teodoro Ticliahuanca and Javier Herrera (CICE Piura). Rothamsted Research is an institute of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of the United Kingdom. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD SEP 3 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 208 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-8-208 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 495FQ UT WOS:000269876400001 ER PT J AU Jue, R Schmalz, T Carter, K Nett, RJ AF Jue, R. Schmalz, T. Carter, K. Nett, R. J. TI Outbreak of Cryptosporidiosis Associated With a Splash Park-Idaho, 2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 615-618, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Nett, R. J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 2 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 9 BP 938 EP 940 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 489TF UT WOS:000269444900006 ER PT J AU Dannenberg, A Bhatia, R Wemham, A AF Dannenberg, Andrew Bhatia, Rajiv Wemham, Aaron TI Health Impact Assessment: A Step Toward Health in All Policies (vol 302, pg 315, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Correction C1 [Dannenberg, Andrew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bhatia, Rajiv] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bhatia, Rajiv] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. [Wemham, Aaron] Alaska Nat Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Dannenberg, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 2 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 9 BP 946 EP 946 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 489TF UT WOS:000269444900018 ER PT J AU Belay, B Dietz, WH AF Belay, Brook Dietz, William H. TI Obesity Prevention and Control: From Clinical Tools to Public Health Strategies SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Belay, Brook; Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Belay, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MSK 24, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bbelay@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 5 BP 291 EP 292 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 573KR UT WOS:000275912700002 PM 19761977 ER PT J AU Walter, EB Allred, N Rowe-West, B Chmielewski, K Kretsinger, K Dolor, RJ AF Walter, Emmanuel B. Allred, Norma Rowe-West, Beth Chmielewski, Kathlene Kretsinger, Katrina Dolor, Rowena J. TI Cocooning Infants: Tdap Immunization for New Parents in the Pediatric Office SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE infants; pertussis; vaccine ID YOUNG INFANTS; UNITED-STATES; PERTUSSIS AB Objective. Vaccination with tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) is recommended for adults who have close contact with infants aged <12 months to protect young infants from infection due to Bordetella pertussis. This study assessed the acceptance of Tdap vaccination among parents bringing their newborn to a pediatric office during the first month of life. Methods. Parents of all newborns were consecutively approached for participation by a study coordinator who provided written information about the study and a Tdap vaccine information sheet. After obtaining informed consent, a study coordinator reviewed contraindications for Tdap vaccination. Tdap vaccine was given by a clinic nurse, but parents with a history of ever receiving Tdap vaccine or of receiving a tetanus and diphtheria vaccine (Td) within the previous 2 years were excluded. Results. Two hundred parents were approached for study participation, of whom 40 (20%) were ineligible to receive Tdap vaccine primarily clue to receipt of Td vaccine within the previous 2 years (32/40). Of the 160 eligible to receive Tdap vaccine, 82 (51.2%) received a dose. Although nearly 60% of vaccinated parents received Tdap vaccine the first time they were approached, over 40% received Tdap vaccine at a subsequent office visit occurring during the baby's first month of life. Conclusions. Offering Tdap vaccine in the pediatric office increases access to vaccination for both new fathers and mothers. When hospital-based, postpartum Tdap vaccination is not a routine practice, office-based vaccination of parents offers an option for protecting young infants. C1 [Walter, Emmanuel B.; Chmielewski, Kathlene; Dolor, Rowena J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Primary Care Res Consortium, Durham, NC USA. [Allred, Norma; Kretsinger, Katrina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rowe-West, Beth] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Immunizat Branch, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Walter, EB (reprint author), Duke Childrens Primary Care Clin, 4020 N Roxboro Rd, Durham, NC 27704 USA. EM walte002@mc.duke.edu FU Sanofi Pasteur; Centers tor Disease Control and Prevention [5U01IP00074-02] FX Dr Walter is a speaker for Sanofi Pasteur and has served as it principal investigator for other clinical investigations sponsored by Sanofi Pasteur.; This work was supported by the Centers tor Disease Control and Prevention in a cooperative agreement with Duke University (grant 5U01IP00074-02, Dr Emmanuel Walter, principal investigator). Data were presented in part at the 2008 Pediatric Academic Societies & Asian Society for Pediatric Research Joint Meeting, May 3-6, 2008, Honolulu. Hawaii. NR 9 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 EI 1876-2867 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 9 IS 5 BP 344 EP 347 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 573KR UT WOS:000275912700012 PM 19596219 ER PT J AU Paulozzi, LJ Logan, JE Hall, AJ McKinstry, E Kaplan, JA Crosby, AE AF Paulozzi, Leonard J. Logan, Joseph E. Hall, Aron J. McKinstry, Edna Kaplan, James A. Crosby, Alexander E. TI A comparison of drug overdose deaths involving methadone and other opioid analgesics in West Virginia SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article DE Benzodiazepine; drug abuse; hydrocodone; medical examiner; methadone; opioid; overdose; oxycodone ID UNITED-STATES; ABUSE DEATHS; FATALITIES; COUNTY; SURVEILLANCE; INVOLVEMENT; PATTERNS AB Aims To describe all people dying from unintentional overdoses of methadone or other opioid analgesics (OOA) in West Virginia in 2006. Design We analyzed medical examiner data supplemented by data from the state prescription drug monitoring program. We compared people whose deaths involved methadone with those whose deaths involved OOA. Findings The methadone group included 87 decedents, and the OOA group included 163 decedents. Most were male. Decedents in the methadone group were significantly younger than those in the OOA group: more than a quarter were 18-24 years of age. For both groups, approximately 50% had a history of pain, and 80% had a history of substance abuse. There was no intergroup difference in the prevalence of benzodiazepines at post-mortem. Methadone was significantly less likely to have ever been prescribed than OOA. Among those with prescriptions, the proportion prescribed within 30 days of death was significantly greater for methadone than for hydrocodone, but not for oxycodone. Ten (11.5%) of the methadone decedents were enrolled in an opiate treatment program (OTP) at the time of death. Conclusions The high prevalence of a substance abuse history and lack of prescriptions suggest that most of the deaths in both groups are related to substance abuse. There was no indication of a harmful effect from methadone's metabolic interaction with benzodiazepines, but provider or patient unfamiliarity with methadone may have been a risk factor. Prescribing methadone, especially to young males, requires extra care. Providers, OTPs and coroners/medical examiners should use state prescription drug monitoring programs to monitor the use of controlled substances by their patients. C1 [Paulozzi, Leonard J.; Logan, Joseph E.; Crosby, Alexander E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Logan, Joseph E.; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McKinstry, Edna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Elect Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hall, Aron J.] W Virginia Dept Hlth & Human Resources, Div Surveillance & Dis Control, Charleston, WV USA. [Kaplan, James A.] W Virginia Dept Hlth & Human Resources, Off Chief Med Examiner, Charleston, WV USA. RP Paulozzi, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lbp4@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 36 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD SEP PY 2009 VL 104 IS 9 BP 1541 EP 1548 DI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02650.x PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 479IQ UT WOS:000268653300017 PM 19686524 ER PT J AU Basile, KC Espelage, DL Rivers, I McMahon, PM Simon, TR AF Basile, Kathleen C. Espelage, Dorothy L. Rivers, Ian McMahon, Pamela M. Simon, Thomas R. TI The theoretical and empirical links between bullying behavior and male sexual violence perpetration SO AGGRESSION AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE Bullying; Sexual violence; Sexual harassment; Perpetration ID MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS; RISK-FACTORS; COLLEGE MEN; RELATIONAL AGGRESSION; ASSAULT PERPETRATION; SOCIAL-ADJUSTMENT; NATIONAL SAMPLE; PEER-GROUP; PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; GENDER-DIFFERENCES AB Bullying experiences and male sexual violence (SV) perpetration are major public health problems, and while extant literature suggests that they may share some developmental correlates, there is no established empirical link between being a perpetrator or victim of bullying and SV perpetration in the literature. Nonetheless, some SV prevention programs in the U.S. include bullying prevention components for elementary and middle-school aged children. Research is needed to test the hypothesized links between bullying experiences and SV perpetration to determine whether bullying prevention programs are likely to prevent SV perpetration. The purpose of this paper is to present results from a review of research on each of these topics and to discuss the potential shared and unique risk and protective factors within a social-ecological framework. The paper concludes with suggested directions for future research. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Basile, Kathleen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Espelage, Dorothy L.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Rivers, Ian] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. RP Basile, KC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Mailstop F64,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kbasile@cdc.gov OI Rivers, Ian/0000-0001-6102-9075 NR 164 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-1789 EI 1873-6335 J9 AGGRESS VIOLENT BEH JI Aggress. Violent Behav. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 14 IS 5 BP 336 EP 347 DI 10.1016/j.avb.2009.06.001 PG 12 WC Criminology & Penology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Criminology & Penology; Psychology GA 498AA UT WOS:000270105900008 ER PT J AU Gardner, LI Marks, G Craw, J Metsch, L Strathdee, S Anderson-Mahoney, P del Rio, C AF Gardner, Lytt I. Marks, Gary Craw, Jason Metsch, Lisa Strathdee, Steffanie Anderson-Mahoney, Pamela del Rio, Carlos CA Antiretroviral Treatment Access St TI Demographic, Psychological, and Behavioral Modifiers of the Antiretroviral Treatment Access Study (ARTAS) Intervention SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE UTILIZATION; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; HIV MEDICAL-CARE; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; INFECTED PERSONS; POSITIVE PERSONS; HOUSING STATUS; VIRAL LOAD; SERVICES; INDIVIDUALS AB The present study sought to identify demographic, structural, behavioral, and psychological subgroups for which the Antiretroviral Treatment Access Study (ARTAS) intervention had stronger or weaker effects in linking recently diagnosed HIV-positive persons to medical care. The study, carried out from 2001 to 2003, randomized 316 participants to receive either passive referral or a strengths-based linkage intervention to facilitate entry into HIV primary care. The outcome was attending at least one HIV primary care visit in each of two consecutive 6-month periods. Participants (71% male; 29% Hispanic; 57% black non-Hispanic), were recruited from sexually transmitted disease clinics, hospitals and community-based organizations in four U. S. cities. Thirteen effect modifier variables measured at baseline were examined. Subgroup differences were formally tested with interaction terms in unadjusted and adjusted log-linear regression models. Eighty-six percent (273/316) of participants had complete 12-month follow-up data. The intervention significantly improved linkage to care in 12 of 26 subgroups. In multivariate analysis of effect modification, the intervention was significantly (p < 0.05) stronger among Hispanics than other racial/ethnic groups combined, stronger among those with unstable than stable housing, and stronger among those who were not experiencing depressive symptoms compared to those who were. The ARTAS linkage intervention was successful in many but not all subgroups of persons recently diagnosed with HIV infection. For three variables, the intervention effect was significantly stronger in one subgroup compared to the counterpart subgroup. To increase its scope, the intervention may need to be tailored to the specific needs of groups that did not respond well to the intervention. C1 [Gardner, Lytt I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Craw, Jason] Northrop Grumman Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Metsch, Lisa] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA. [Strathdee, Steffanie] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Anderson-Mahoney, Pamela] Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. [del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gardner, LI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lig0@cdc.gov RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012 OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD SEP PY 2009 VL 23 IS 9 BP 735 EP 742 DI 10.1089/apc.2008.0262 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 492OX UT WOS:000269669300006 PM 19645619 ER PT J AU Reed, JB Hanson, D McNaghten, AD Bertolli, J Teshale, E Gardner, L Sullivan, P AF Reed, J. Bailey Hanson, Debra McNaghten, A. D. Bertolli, Jeanne Teshale, Eyasu Gardner, Lytt Sullivan, Patrick TI HIV Testing Factors Associated with Delayed Entry into HIV Medical Care among HIV-Infected Persons from Eighteen States, United States, 2000-2004 SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RISK SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; VIRAL LOAD; MEN; DIAGNOSIS; HIV/AIDS; WOMEN; INCREASE AB Despite the importance of timely entry into care after HIV diagnosis, the timing of care entry has not been described recently in a large, diverse population of persons with HIV. Dates of HIV diagnosis and entry into HIV care were obtained by interview of HIV-infected adults, most of whom had entered care for HIV, in 18 U. S. states from 2000 through 2004. Time to care entry was analyzed as a dichotomous variable; delayed care entry was defined as care entry greater than 3 months after HIV diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to describe HIV testing-related factors associated with delayed care entry. Among 3942 respondents, 28% had delayed care entry. Diagnostic testing-related characteristics associated with delayed care entry included anonymous and first-time HIV testing. Providers of HIV testing should be aware that those who test positive anonymously and those whose first HIV test is positive may have increased risk for delayed HIV care entry. Developing programs that reinforce timely linkage to HIV care, targeted at those at increased risk for delaying care entry, should be a public health priority. C1 [Reed, J. Bailey; Hanson, Debra; McNaghten, A. D.; Bertolli, Jeanne; Teshale, Eyasu; Gardner, Lytt; Sullivan, Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Reed, JB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eso7@cdc.gov RI Sullivan, Patrick/A-9436-2009; OI Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 NR 64 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD SEP PY 2009 VL 23 IS 9 BP 765 EP 773 DI 10.1089/apc.2008.0213 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 492OX UT WOS:000269669300010 PM 19694550 ER PT J AU Beer, L Fagan, JL Valverde, E Bertolli, J AF Beer, Linda Fagan, Jennifer L. Valverde, Eduardo Bertolli, Jeanne CA Never Care Project TI Health-Related Beliefs and Decisions about Accessing HIV Medical Care among HIV-Infected Persons Who Are Not Receiving Care SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT ACCESS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; POSITIVE PERSONS; PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION; COGNITIVE-DISSONANCE; CLINICAL CARE; UNMET NEED; STIGMA; INTERVENTION AB In the United States, the publically supported national HIV medical care system is designed to provide HIV medical care to those who would otherwise not receive such care. Nevertheless, many HIV-infected persons are not receiving medical care. Limited information is available from HIV-infected persons not currently in care about the reasons they are not receiving care. From November 2006 to February 2007, we conducted five focus groups at community-based organizations and health departments in five U. S. cities to elicit qualitative information about barriers to entering HIV care. The 37 participants were mostly male (n = 29), over the age of 30 (n = 34), and all but one had not received HIV medical care in the previous 6 months. The focus group discussions revealed health belief-related barriers that have often been overlooked by studies of access to care. Three key themes emerged: avoidance and disbelief of HIV serostatus, conceptions of illness and appropriate health care, and negative experiences with, and distrust of, health care. Our findings point to the potentially important influence of these health-related beliefs on individual decisions about whether to access HIV medical care. We also discuss the implications of these beliefs for provider-patient communication, and suggest that providers frame their communications with patients such that they are attentive to the issues identified by our respondents, to better engage patients as partners in the treatment process. C1 [Beer, Linda; Fagan, Jennifer L.; Valverde, Eduardo; Bertolli, Jeanne; Never Care Project] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beer, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lbeer@cdc.gov NR 60 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD SEP PY 2009 VL 23 IS 9 BP 785 EP 792 DI 10.1089/apc.2009.0032 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 492OX UT WOS:000269669300012 PM 19645620 ER PT J AU Kersh, EN Luo, W Adams, DR Srinivasan, P Smith, JM Promadej-Lanier, N Ellenberger, D Garcia-Lerma, JG Butera, S Otten, R AF Kersh, Ellen N. Luo, Wei Adams, Debra R. Srinivasan, Priya Smith, James M. Promadej-Lanier, Nattawan Ellenberger, Dennis Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo Butera, Salvatore Otten, Ron TI Repeated Rectal SHIVSF162P3 Exposures Do Not Consistently Induce Sustained T Cell Responses prior to Systemic Infection in the Repeat-Low Dose Preclinical Macaque Model SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; RHESUS MACAQUES; INTRAVAGINAL INOCULATION; PERSISTENT VIREMIA; TRANSIENT VIREMIA; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HIV EPITOPES; NO EVIDENCE; MUCOSAL; TRANSMISSION AB The macaque model of repeated SHIV exposures is increasingly used as a preclinical tool to evaluate biomedical HIV intervention strategies. It is unclear whether multiple virus exposures induce immune responses in macaques, as documented in uninfected individuals repeatedly exposed to HIV. We here address whether repeated, rectal SHIVSF162P3 exposures lead to systemic T cell activation in 12 rhesus macaques, and whether this is associated with increased infection resistance. Eight macaques became systemically infected after 2-7 exposures, three macaques were less susceptible (infection after 10-12 exposures), and one macaque remained uninfected after 14 exposures. PBMCs were retrospectively monitored for increases in T cell activation by analyzing the proportion of CD8(+) T cells, recently activated or proliferated T cells (markers CD38, Ki67), a marker for cytotoxicity (granzyme B), or T cell-produced plasma cytokines (IFN-gamma, RANTES, IL-2). Repeated virus exposures did not induce sustained, potent, or diverse T cell responses prior to systemic infection. Some changes occurred in the analyzed parameters during repeated virus exposures, but similar T cell activities were also observed in five SHIV-unexposed control macaques. Thus, we found no evidence that delayed infection or resistance to infection was associated with systemic, long-lasting, protective T cell responses to repeated rectal virus exposures. Our results provide further insights into the repeat exposure macaque model. We find that this model can be used for testing biomedical prevention strategies without concern of eliciting a systemic vaccination effect. C1 [Kersh, Ellen N.; Luo, Wei; Adams, Debra R.; Srinivasan, Priya; Smith, James M.; Promadej-Lanier, Nattawan; Ellenberger, Dennis; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo; Butera, Salvatore; Otten, Ron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kersh, EN (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ekersh@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 25 IS 9 BP 905 EP 917 DI 10.1089/aid.2008.0287 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 494ET UT WOS:000269793700009 PM 19689194 ER PT J AU Looker, AC Lacher, DA Pfeiffer, CM Schleicher, RL Picciano, MF Yetley, EA AF Looker, Anne C. Lacher, David A. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Schleicher, Rosemary L. Picciano, Mary Frances Yetley, Elizabeth A. TI Data advisory with regard to NHANES serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Letter C1 [Looker, Anne C.; Lacher, David A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.; Schleicher, Rosemary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Picciano, Mary Frances; Yetley, Elizabeth A.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Looker, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM alooker@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 90 IS 3 BP 695 EP 695 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28175 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 487FW UT WOS:000269257300033 PM 19571227 ER PT J AU Schmotzer, CL Delille, C Workowski, KA Papp, JR Hill, CE Caliendo, AM AF Schmotzer, Christine L. Delille, Cecile Workowski, Kimberly A. Papp, John R. Hill, Charles E. Caliendo, Angela M. TI Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis Lymphogranuloma Venereum in Men With Proctitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Academy-of-Clinical-Laboratory-Physicians-and-Scientists CY JUN 04-06, 2009 CL Redondo Beach, CA SP Acad Clin Lab Phys & Sci C1 [Schmotzer, Christine L.; Hill, Charles E.; Caliendo, Angela M.] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Schmotzer, Christine L.; Hill, Charles E.; Caliendo, Angela M.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Delille, Cecile; Workowski, Kimberly A.; Caliendo, Angela M.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Papp, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 132 IS 3 MA 38 BP 458 EP 459 PG 2 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 485XC UT WOS:000269157600044 ER PT J AU Fleury, J Keller, C Perez, A Lee, SM AF Fleury, Julie Keller, Colleen Perez, Adriana Lee, Sarah M. TI The Role of Lay Health Advisors in Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: A Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Lay health advisors; Cardiovascular risk reduction; Community-based interventions ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; SMOKING-CESSATION INTERVENTIONS; WEIGHT-LOSS PROGRAM; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; LATINO COMMUNITY; WORKERS; EDUCATION; DISEASE; CANCER; PROMOTION AB Interventions are needed to reduce the negative impact of cardiovascular disease. The combination of health risks for disease, disability, and mortality, particularly among underserved populations, might be best addressed with programs designed to enhance awareness and development of resources within a context of community support. The objectives of this review were to: (1) provide a comprehensive review and evaluation of the roles, evaluation, and effectiveness of LHA in community-based programs with an emphasis on cardiovascular risk reduction; and (2) provide recommendations for future research involving LHA in such programs. Computer and manual searches were conducted of articles in the English-language literature from 1980 to 2007. Twenty articles were evaluated, which emphasized the role of the LHA in cardiovascular risk reduction. A review of research literature provides a starting point for determining salient approaches for intervention and evaluation, issues related to program implementation and sustainability, and strengths and limitations of existing approaches. C1 [Fleury, Julie; Keller, Colleen; Perez, Adriana] Arizona State Univ, Coll Nursing & Healthcare Innovat, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Lee, Sarah M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Sarah M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fleury, J (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Coll Nursing & Healthcare Innovat, 500 N 3rd St,MC 3020, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. EM julie.fleury@asu.edu NR 51 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0091-0562 J9 AM J COMMUN PSYCHOL JI Am. J. Community Psychol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP 28 EP 42 DI 10.1007/s10464-009-9253-9 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology; Social Work GA 474OC UT WOS:000268292800003 PM 19533327 ER PT J AU Arriola, KRJ Usdan, S Mays, D Weitzel, JA Cremeens, J Martin, RJ Borba, C Bernhardt, JM AF Arriola, Kimberly R. Jacob Usdan, Stuart Mays, Darren Weitzel, Jessica Aungst Cremeens, Jennifer Martin, Ryan J. Borba, Christina Bernhardt, Jay M. TI Reliability and Validity of the Alcohol Consequences Expectations Scale SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE alcohol assessment; alcohol expectations; reliability; validity; college students ID BINGE-DRINKING; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; SELF-REPORTS; EXPECTANCY QUESTIONNAIRE; NATIONAL-SURVEY; CONSUMPTION; TELEPHONE; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR; HEALTH AB Objectives: To examine the reliability and validity of a new measure of alcohol outcome expectations for college students, the Alcohol Consequences Expectations Scale (ACES). Methods: College students (N=169) completed the ACES and several other measures. Results: Results support the existence of 5 internally consistent subscales. Additionally, the ACES is associated with conceptually similar measures and self-reported drinking behavior. Conclusions: This study supports the reliability of the ACES and its subscales and provides preliminary evidence of construct and criterion-related validity. Pending further investigation, this scale may be used to inform the development of alcohol abuse prevention programs on college campuses. C1 [Arriola, Kimberly R. Jacob; Mays, Darren; Borba, Christina] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Usdan, Stuart] Univ Alabama, Dept Hlth Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Weitzel, Jessica Aungst] Ciurczak & Co Inc, Buffalo, NY USA. [Cremeens, Jennifer] E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC USA. [Bernhardt, Jay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Arriola, KRJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,Room 510, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kjacoba@sph.emory.edu OI Bernhardt, Jay/0000-0002-2045-4005 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [5R21AA013969-03] NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU PNG PUBLICATIONS PI OAK RIDGE PA 2205-K OAK RIDGE RD, #115, OAK RIDGE, NC 27310 USA SN 1945-7359 J9 AM J HEALTH BEHAV JI Am. J. Health Behav. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 33 IS 5 BP 504 EP 512 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 496TP UT WOS:000270001800003 PM 19296740 ER PT J AU Albalak, R AF Albalak, Rachel TI From Biological Anthropology to Applied Public Health: Epidemiological Approaches to the Study of Infectious Disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Integrative Approaches to the Study of Human Adaptation and Population Health CY APR 11, 2008 CL Columbus, OH ID COMMUNITIES AB This article describes two large, multisite infectious disease programs: the Tuberculosis Epidemiologic Studies Consortium (TBESC) and the Emerging Infections Programs (EIPs). The links between biological anthropology and applied public health are highlighted using these programs as examples. Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the TBESC and EIPs conduct applied public health research to strengthen infectious disease prevention and control efforts in the United States. They involve collaborations among CDC, public health departments, and academic and clinical institutions. Their unique role in national infectious disease work, including their links to anthropology, shared elements, key differences, strengths and challenges, is discussed. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 21:687-693, 2009. (dagger)Published 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Albalak, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rka3@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1042-0533 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 21 IS 5 BP 687 EP 693 DI 10.1002/ajhb.20942 PG 7 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 486BH UT WOS:000269169900013 PM 19533620 ER PT J AU Park, RM Bushnell, PT Bailer, AJ Collins, JW Stayner, LT AF Park, Robert M. Bushnell, P. Timothy Bailer, A. John Collins, James W. Stayner, Leslie T. TI Impact of Publicly Sponsored Interventions on Musculoskeletal Injury Claims in Nursing Homes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE certified nursing aide; consultation; ergonomics; injury costs; resident acuity; staffing ratio; training courses ID BACK INJURIES AB Background The rate of lost-time sprains and strains in private nursing homes is over three times the national average, and for back injuries, almost four times the national average. The Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation (BWC) has sponsored interventions that were preferentially promoted to nursing homes in 2000-2001, including training, consultation, and grants up to $40,000 for equipment purchases. Methods This study evaluated the impact of BWC interventions on back injury claim rates using BWC data on claims, interventions, and employer payroll for all Ohio nursing homes during 1995-2004 using Poisson regression. A subset of nursing homes was analyzed with more detailed data that allowed estimation of the impact of staffing levels and resident acuity on claim rates. Costs of interventions were compared to the associated savings in claim costs. Results A $500 equipment purchase per nursing home worker was associated with a 21% reduction in back injury rate. Assuming an equipment lift of 10 years, this translates to an estimated $768 reduction in claim costs per worker a present value of $495 with a 5% discount rate applied. Results for training courses were equivocal. Only those receiving below-median hours had a significant 19% reduction in claim rates. Injury rates did not generally decline with consultation independent of equipment purchases, although possible confounding, misclassification, and bias due to non-random management participation clouds interpretation. In. nursing homes with available data, resident acuity was modestly associated with back injury risk, and the injury rate increased with resident-to-staff ratio (acting through three terms: RR = 1.50 for each additional resident per staff member;for the ratio alone, RR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.18-1.48). In these NHs, an expenditure of $908 per resident care worker (equivalent to $500 per employee in the other model) was also associated with a 21% reduction in injury rate. However with a resident-to-staff ratio greater than 2.0, the same expenditure was associated with a $1,643 reduction in back claim costs over 10 years per employee, a present value of $1,062 with 5% discount rate. Conclusions Expenditures for ergonomic equipment in nursing homes by the Ohio BWC were associated with fewer worker injuries and reductions in claim costs that were similar in magnitude to expenditures. Un-estimated benefits and costs also need to be considered in assessing full health and financial impacts. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:683-697, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Park, Robert M.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Risk Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Bushnell, P. Timothy] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Bailer, A. John] Miami Univ, Scripps Gerontol Ctr, Dept Stat, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Collins, James W.] NIOSH, Div Safety Res, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Stayner, Leslie T.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chicago, IL USA. RP Park, RM (reprint author), NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Risk Evaluat Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,C-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM rhp9@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 52 IS 9 BP 683 EP 697 DI 10.1002/ajim.20731 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 490CO UT WOS:000269475100003 PM 19670260 ER PT J AU Chen, GX AF Chen, Guang X. TI Nonfatal Work-Related Motor Vehicle Injuries Treated in Emergency Departments in the United States, 1998-2002 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE motor vehicle injury; motor vehicle crash; occupational injury; emergency department; surveillance ID OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES; HOSPITAL EMERGENCY; TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; OLDER WORKERS; NEW-ZEALAND; EXPOSURES; INDUSTRY; SAMPLE; RISK AB Background Current data on nonfatal work-related motor vehicle injuries are limited and fragmented, often excluding government workers, self-employed workers, and workers on small farms. This study seeks to bridge the present data gap by providing a national profile of nonfatal work-related motor vehicle injuries across all industries and occupations. Methods Study subjects were people who suffered nonfatal work-related motor vehicle injuries and were treated in a hospital emergency department in the United States. Subjects were identified from a stratified probability sample of emergency departments. National estimates and rates were computed. Results From 1998 to 2002, the average annual rate of nonfatal work-related motor vehicle injuries was 7 injuries per 10,000 full-time equivalents. The rate was three times higher in men than in women. The rates were higher in workers 15-19 years of age and in workers 70 years or older Justice, public order and safety workers had the largest number of injuries, and taxicab service employees had the highest injury rate of all industries. Truck drivers had the largest number of injuries, and police and detectives, public service employees had the highest injury rate of all occupations. Conclusion Future efforts need to develop and enhance the use of surveillance information at the federal and state level for work-related nonfatal motor vehicle injuries. Prevention efforts need to address occupational motor vehicle safety for both commercial truck/bus drivers and workers who are not commercial drivers but who drive light motor vehicles on the job. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:698-706, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 NIOSH, Anal & Field Operat Branch, Div Safety Res, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Chen, GX (reprint author), NIOSH, Anal & Field Operat Branch, Div Safety Res, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 1811, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM gchen@cdc.gov FU NIOSH FX Tim Pizatella for his initiation of the project; Harlan Amandus for his technical contribution; Larry Jackson, Suzanne M. Marsh, and Susan Derk for their assistance on the NEISS-Work data; and CDC editors Nicholas Lawryk and John Lechliter for editorial assistance. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The author gratefully acknowledges the following NIOSH employees for their assistance with this manuscript: NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 52 IS 9 BP 698 EP 706 DI 10.1002/ajim.20726 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 490CO UT WOS:000269475100004 PM 19609982 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Cowan, AE Wortley, PM AF Clark, Sarah J. Cowan, Anne E. Wortley, Pascale M. TI Influenza vaccination attitudes and practices among US registered nurses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Influenza; vaccination; nurses; survey ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; UNITED-STATES; PHYSICIANS; KNOWLEDGE; BELIEFS; RECEIPT AB Background: The influenza vaccination rate among US health care personnel (HCP) remains low and may vary by Occupational categories. The objective of this study was to explore knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs associated with influenza vaccination in a broad population of registered nurses. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional mail survey, administered January-March 2006, of 2000 registered nurses ill 4 US states. Results: Of the 2000 surveys sent, 1310 (72%) were returned, and 1017 (67%.) were eligible for analysis. The majority of respondents (59%) reported receiving influenza vaccine during the 2005-2006 influenza season. The most common reason for being vaccinated was protecting oneself from illness (95%), and the most common reason for not being vaccinated was concern about adverse reactions (3996). Respondents who reported their patient Population as high risk related to influenza were more likely to be vaccinated and to agree with statements regarding influenza disease and influenza vaccination of HCP. Conclusion: Concerns about adverse reactions and vaccine effectiveness continue to be barriers to influenza vaccination among registered nurses. Those most knowledgeable about influenza vaccination of HCP have higher vaccination rates. Future efforts to improve vaccination rates should include data on vaccine effectiveness and adverse effects. as well as descriptions of high-risk populations. C1 [Clark, Sarah J.; Cowan, Anne E.] Univ Michigan, CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, CHEAR Unit, 300 N Ingalls Room 6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@med.umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 17 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD SEP PY 2009 VL 37 IS 7 BP 551 EP 556 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.02.012 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 494CF UT WOS:000269786300005 PM 19556035 ER PT J AU Schillie, SF Shehab, N Thomas, KE Budnitz, DS AF Schillie, Sarah F. Shehab, Nadine Thomas, Karen E. Budnitz, Daniel S. TI Medication Overdoses Leading to Emergency Department Visits Among Children SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS; NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE; AMERICAN-ASSOCIATION; SYSTEM; ACETAMINOPHEN; PREVENTION; REDUCTION; ERRORS AB Background: The high prevalence of medication use increases the potential for medication overdoses, especially among children. Purpose: This paper describes the burden Of unintentional pediatric medication overdoses in order to target new prevention efforts. Methods: Data were analyzed in 2007 and 2008 from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, collected January 1, 2004, through December 11, 2005, to estimate the number of emergency department visits resulting from unintentional medication overdoses among children aged <= 18 years in the U.S. These data were analyzed by patient demographics, overdose cause, and implicated products, and compared to visits for nonpharmaceutical consumer product poisonings. Results: Based on 3034 cases, an estimated 71,224 emergency department visits for medication overdoses were made annually by children aged <= 18 years, representing 68.9% of emergency department visits for unintentional pediatric poisonings. The rate of unintentional poisonings from medications was twice the rate of those from nonpharmaceutical consumer products (9.2 visits per 10,000 individuals per year [95% CI=7.3, 11.0] vs 4.2 per 10,000 individuals per year [95% CI=3.3, 5.0]). Four fifths (82.2%) of visits for medication overdoses were from unsupervised ingestions (children accessing medications on their own); medication errors and misuse resulted in 14.3% of visits. Most visits (81.3%) involved children aged <= 5 years, and commonly available over-the-counter medications were implicated in one third (33.9%) of visits. Conclusions: Medication overdoses among children, notably unsupervised ingestions, represent a substantial burden in terms of emergency department visits and hospitalizations. New efforts to prevent pediatric medication overdoses are needed. (Am,J Prev Med 2009;37(3):181-187) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Schillie, Sarah F.; Shehab, Nadine; Budnitz, Daniel S.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thomas, Karen E.] CDC, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schillie, Sarah F.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov FU CDC funding; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was implemented using CDC funding and was supported in part by an appointment (Dr. Shehab) to the CDC Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the CDC. None of the funding sources had a role in the Study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to Submit the article for publication. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agencies. NR 33 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 37 IS 3 BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.05.018 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 487RA UT WOS:000269291300002 PM 19666156 ER PT J AU Subramanian, S Ekwueme, DU Gardner, JG Trogdon, J AF Subramanian, Sujha Ekwueme, Donatus U. Gardner, James G. Trogdon, Justin TI Developing and Testing a Cost-Assessment Tool for Cancer Screening Programs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DRUG-ABUSE TREATMENT; CERVICAL-CANCER; COLORECTAL-CANCER; NATIONAL BREAST; ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS; ADDICTION TREATMENT; HEALTH; SERVICES; DATCAP; STATES AB Background: Cancer screening programs require substantial resources, and economic assessments have become increasingly important in identifying the most cost-effective means of conducting these programs. Such economic assessments require detailed program cost data, but there is no standardized instrument for obtaining these data. Purpose: This study was designed to develop a standardized instrument to collect cost data from cancer screening programs. Methods: A cost-assessment tool (CAT) was developed to collect annual cost data based on the findings from case studies at four sites funded by the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP). The data elements collected in the CAT were specifically tailored to collect cost and resource-use information from cancer screening programs. The tool was pilot-tested at nine NBCCEDP sites, and activity-based costs were generated by assigning all cost and resource-use data to specific program activities. Data were collected from November 2004 to February 2005, and the analysis was performed from March to July 2005. Results: Overall, a majority of the sites (eight of nine) met the acceptable threshold of <5% of total 9 cost remaining unallocated. On average, the largest cost components of the nine programs were screening and diagnostic services (44.4%); recruitment (11.4%); database management (10.9%); and patient support/case management (9.3%). Conclusions: Findings from the CAT pilot-testing showed that NBCCEDP cancer screening programs were able to report detailed activity-based cost data. The comparability of these cost data across programs should facilitate pooled analyses that, in turn, may lead to a better understanding of the impact and cost effectiveness of the screening program. (Am J Prev Med 2009;37(3):242-247) (C) 2009 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Subramanian, Sujha; Trogdon, Justin] RTI Int, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Gardner, James G.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Subramanian, S (reprint author), RTI Int, 1440 Main St,Suite 310, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. EM ssubramanian@rti.org NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 37 IS 3 BP 242 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.06.002 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 487RA UT WOS:000269291300012 PM 19666160 ER PT J AU Beitsch, LM Corso, LC AF Beitsch, Leslie M. Corso, Liza C. TI Accountability: The East lane on the Highway to Change SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Beitsch, Leslie M.; Corso, Liza C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Chief Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beitsch, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Chief Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 99 IS 9 BP 1545 EP 1545 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.172957 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 488FL UT WOS:000269334500007 PM 19608935 ER PT J AU Gulati, RK Kwan-Gett, T Hampson, NB Baer, A Shusterman, D Shandro, JR Duchin, JS AF Gulati, Reena K. Kwan-Gett, Tao Hampson, Neil B. Baer, Atar Shusterman, Dennis Shandro, Jamie R. Duchin, Jeffrey S. TI Carbon Monoxide Epidemic Among Immigrant Populations: King County, Washington, 2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ICE STORM AB Objectives. We investigated an outbreak of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning after a power outage to determine its extent, identify risk factors, and develop prevention measures. Methods. We reviewed medical records and medical examiner reports of patients with CO poisoning or related symptoms during December 15 to 24, 2006. We grouped patients into households exposed concurrently to a single source of CO. Results. Among 259 patients with CO poisoning, 204 cases were laboratory confirmed, 37 were probable, 10 were suspected, and 8 were fatal. Of 86 households studied, 58% (n=50) were immigrant households from Africa (n=21), Asia (n=15), Latin America (n=10), and the Middle East (n=4); 34% (n=29) were US-born households. One percent of households was European (n=1), and the origin for 7% (n=6) was unknown. Charcoal was the most common fuel source used among immigrant households (82%), whereas liquid fuel was predominant among US-born households (34%). Conclusions. Educational campaigns to prevent CO poisoning should consider immigrants' cultural practices and languages and specifically warn against burning charcoal indoors and incorrect ventilation of gasoline- or propane-powered electric generators. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99:1687-1692. doi:10.2105/AJ PH.2008.143222) C1 [Gulati, Reena K.] Univ Washington, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Communicable Dis Epidemiol & Immunizat Sect, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gulati, Reena K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hampson, Neil B.] Virginia Mason Med Ctr, Ctr Hyperbar Med, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Shusterman, Dennis] Univ Washington, Occupat & Environm Med Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Shandro, Jamie R.] Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Div Emergency Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Gulati, RK (reprint author), Univ Washington, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Communicable Dis Epidemiol & Immunizat Sect, Box 356523, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM rgulati@u.washington.edu NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 99 IS 9 BP 1687 EP 1692 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2008.143222 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 488FL UT WOS:000269334500029 PM 19608962 ER PT J AU Davis, MV Cannon, MM Corso, L Lenaway, D Baker, EL AF Davis, Mary V. Cannon, Margaret M. Corso, Liza Lenaway, Dennis Baker, Edward L. TI Incentives to Encourage Participation in the National Public Health Accreditation Model: A Systematic Investigation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Objectives. We sought to identify the incentives most likely to encourage voluntary participation in the national public health accreditation model. Methods. We reviewed existing incentives, held meetings with key informants, and conducted a survey of state and local public health agency representatives. The survey was sent to all state health departments and a sample of local health departments. Group-specific differences in survey responses were examined. Results. Survey response rates were 51% among state health department representatives and 49% among local health department representatives. Both state health department and local health department respondents rated financial incentives for accredited agencies, financial incentives for agencies considering accreditation, and infrastructure and quality improvement as important incentives. State health department respondents also indicated that grant administration and grant application would encourage their participation in the national accreditation model, and local health department respondents also noted that technical assistance and training would encourage their participation. Conclusions. Incentives to encourage participation of state and local agencies in the national voluntary accreditation model should include financial support as well as support for agency infrastructure and quality improvements. Several initiatives are already under way to support agency infrastructure and quality improvement, but financial support incentives have yet to be developed. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99:1705-1711. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.151118) C1 [Davis, Mary V.; Cannon, Margaret M.; Baker, Edward L.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, N Carolina Inst Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Corso, Liza; Lenaway, Dennis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Chief Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Davis, MV (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, N Carolina Inst Publ Hlth, CB 8165, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mary_davis@unc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through its cooperative agreement with the National Network of Public Health Institutes FX This project was supported by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through its cooperative agreement with the National Network of Public Health Institutes.; We thank Jennifer McKeever of the National Network of Public Health Institutes for her contributions to the project and J. Michael Bowling of the Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, for his analysis of survey data NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 99 IS 9 BP 1705 EP 1711 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2008.151118 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 488FL UT WOS:000269334500032 PM 19608951 ER PT J AU Herrero, M Orfanos, G Argaw, D Mulugeta, A Aparicio, P Parreno, F Bernal, O Rubens, D Pedraza, J Lima, MA Flevaud, L Palma, PP Bashaye, S Alvar, J Bern, C AF Herrero, Merce Orfanos, Giannos Argaw, Daniel Mulugeta, Abate Aparicio, Pilar Parreno, Fernando Bernal, Oscar Rubens, Daniel Pedraza, Jaime Angeles Lima, Maria Flevaud, Laurence Pablo Palma, Pedro Bashaye, Seife Alvar, Jorge Bern, Caryn TI Natural History of a Visceral Leishmaniasis Outbreak in Highland Ethiopia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID KALA-AZAR; AMHARA REGION; HIV AB In May 2005, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was recognized for the first time in Libo Kemken, Ethiopia, a highland region where only few cases had been reported before. We analyzed records of VL patients treated from May 25, 2005 to December 13, 2007 by the only VL treatment center in the area, maintained by Medecins Sans Frontires-Ethiopia, Operational Center Barcelona-Athens. The median age was 18 years; 77.6% were male. The overall case fatality rate was 4%, but adults 45 years or older were five times as likely to die as 5-29 year olds. Other factors associated with increased mortality included HIV infection, edema, severe malnutrition, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and vomiting. The VL epidemic expanded rapidly over a several-year period, culminating in an epidemic peak in the last third of 2005, spread over two districts, and transformed into a sustained endemic situation by 2007. C1 [Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Herrero, Merce; Argaw, Daniel; Mulugeta, Abate] WHO, Dis Prevent & Control Programmes, UNECA Compound, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Parreno, Fernando; Bernal, Oscar; Angeles Lima, Maria; Flevaud, Laurence; Pablo Palma, Pedro] Med Sans Frontieres, Operat Ctr Barcelona Athens, Dept Med, Barcelona 0800, Spain. [Aparicio, Pilar] Natl Ctr Trop Med, Inst Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain. [Rubens, Daniel] Mededins Sans Frontieres Argentina, RA-1022 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Pedraza, Jaime] Med Sans Frontieres Holland, Dept Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Alvar, Jorge] WHO, Control Neglected Trop Dis, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. RP Bern, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Highway NE MS F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cxb9@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 81 IS 3 BP 373 EP 377 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 487QW UT WOS:000269290900002 PM 19706898 ER PT J AU Ramey, K Eko, FO Thompson, WE Armah, H Igietseme, JU Stiles, JK AF Ramey, Kiantra Eko, Francis O. Thompson, Winston E. Armah, Henry Igietseme, Joseph U. Stiles, Jonathan K. TI Immunolocalization and Challenge Studies Using a Recombinant Vibrio cholerae Ghost Expressing Trypanosoma brucei Ca2+ ATPase (TBCA2) Antigen SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID P-TYPE ATPASES; EXPERIMENTAL AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS; PARAFLAGELLAR ROD; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; T-CELLS; INFECTION; CRUZI AB Human African trypanosomiasis is a neglected disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei spp. A parasite cation pump (Ca2+ ATPase; TBCA2) essential for survival and cation homeostasis was identified and characterized. It was hypothesized that targeting this pump using a Vibrio cholerae ghost (VCG)-based vaccine could protect against murine T brucei infection. mRNA and protein expression of TBCA2 was differentially expressed in blood and insect stages of parasites and immunolocalized in the pericellular membrane and the flagellar pocket of bloodstream forms. Antigen-specific antibodies and Th1 cytokines, interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were induced in rVCG-TBCA2-immunized mice and in vitro on antigen stimulation of splenic immune T cells, but the corresponding Th2-type response was unremarkable. Despite an increased median survival of 6 days in vaccinated mice, the mice were not protected against infection. Thus, immunization of mice produced robust parasite-specific antibodies but failed to protect mice against parasite challenge. C1 [Ramey, Kiantra; Eko, Francis O.; Stiles, Jonathan K.] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Thompson, Winston E.] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Thompson, Winston E.] Morehouse Sch Med, Cooperat Reprod Sci Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Armah, Henry] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Igietseme, Joseph U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Sci Resources Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Stiles, JK (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, BMSB Room 349D,720 Westview Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. EM kramey@msm.edu; feko@msm.edu; wthomp-son@msm.edu; armahh2@upmc.edu; jbi8@cdc.gov; jstiles@msm.edu FU National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health [1 C06 RR18386]; NIH-NIGMS-MBRS [S06GM08248]; NIH-RCMI [RR03034] FX This study was conducted in a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement Program Grant 1 C06 RR18386 from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health. This work was supported by grants from NIH-NIGMS-MBRS (S06GM08248) and NIH-RCMI (RR03034). NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 81 IS 3 BP 407 EP 415 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 487QW UT WOS:000269290900009 PM 19706905 ER PT J AU Asnis, D Kazakov, J Toronjadze, T Bern, C Garcia, HH McAuliffe, I Bishop, H Lee, L Grossmann, R Garcia, MA Di John, D AF Asnis, Deborah Kazakov, Jordan Toronjadze, Tamar Bern, Caryn Garcia, Hector H. McAuliffe, Isabel Bishop, Henry Lee, Lillian Grossmann, Rami Garcia, Minerva A. Di John, David TI Case Report: Neurocysticercosis in the Infant of a Pregnant Mother with a Tapeworm SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID IMPORTANT EMERGING INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; CYSTICERCOSIS; TAENIASIS AB Tiaeniasis occurs after ingestion of undercooked pork infected with cysticerci. Most Taenia solium infections are mild; proglottids are rarely noticed in the feces. Cysticercosis develops with ingestion of eggs from a tapeworm carrier. Cysticercosis affects similar to 50 million people worldwide, and is seen mostly in Central and South America, sub-Saharan Africa, India, and Asia. We present a case of an 18-month-old child living in New York, who presented with seizures caused by neurocysticercosis. A family study found a 22-year-old mother, 7 months pregnant, positive for T solium, which presented a management dilemma. C1 [Di John, David] Flushing Hosp & Med Ctr, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Flushing, NY 11355 USA. [Bern, Caryn; McAuliffe, Isabel; Bishop, Henry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Cysticercosis Unit, Inst Ciencias Neurol, Lima, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. [Lee, Lillian] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Publ Hlth Lab, New York, NY USA. RP Di John, D (reprint author), Flushing Hosp & Med Ctr, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 4500 Parsons Blvd, Flushing, NY 11355 USA. EM daviddijohn5l6@aol.com NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 81 IS 3 BP 449 EP 451 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 487QW UT WOS:000269290900017 PM 19706913 ER PT J AU Tomashek, KM Rivera, A Munoz-Jordan, JL Hunsperger, E Santiago, L Padro, O Garcia, E Sun, W AF Tomashek, Kay M. Rivera, Aidsa Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. Hunsperger, Elizabeth Santiago, Luis Padro, Oscar Garcia, Enid Sun, Wellington TI Description of a Large Island-Wide Outbreak of Dengue in Puerto Rico, 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ALPHA DEFICIENCY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; VIRUS; INFECTION; EPIDEMIC; ESTROGEN; MACROPHAGES AB Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that affects 40% of the world's population. Nearly four million U.S. citizens live in dengue-endemic areas; the most affected population resides in Puerto Rico. Data from a dengue surveillance system were used to describe all suspected cases reported in Puerto Rico in 2007. Rates of infection per 10,000 residents were calculated by age, sex, and residence. Rates and clinical outcomes were compared with those from outbreaks in 1994-1995 and 1998. In 2007, 10,508 suspected cases were reported; 52.5% persons were hospitalized, 31.8% reported hemorrhage, 2.2% had dengue hemorrhage fever, and 44 died. A total of 3,293 (33.0%) of processed specimens were laboratory positive for dengue virus (DENV); DENV-3 (1,342, 61.7%) and DENV-2 (677, 31.1%) were detected most often. The overall incidence of laboratory-positive dengue was 8.6 infections per 10,000 population. Rates were highest among persons 10-14 years of age (19.0), followed by persons 15-19 years of age (17.9) and infants (10.9). Higher rates of hospitalization and hemorrhage were reported in 2007 than in 1994-1995 or 1998. United States citizens residing in Puerto Rico are at risk of acquiring dengue. Data suggest that the severity is worsening, and persons 10-19 years of age and infants continue to be most affected. C1 [Tomashek, Kay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Garcia, Enid] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR 00911 USA. RP Tomashek, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM ktomashek@cdc.gov NR 56 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 81 IS 3 BP 467 EP 474 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 487QW UT WOS:000269290900021 PM 19706917 ER PT J AU Gurley, ES Hossain, MJ Montgomery, SP Petersen, LR Sejvar, JJ Mayer, LW Whitney, A Dull, P Nahar, N Uddin, AKMR Rahman, ME Ekram, ARMS Luby, SR Breiman, RF AF Gurley, Emily S. Hossain, M. Jahangir Montgomery, Susan P. Petersen, Lyle R. Sejvar, James J. Mayer, Leonard W. Whitney, Anne Dull, Peter Nahar, Nazmun Uddin, A. K. M. Rafique Rahman, M. Ekhlasur Ekram, A. R. M. Saifuddin Luby, Stephen R. Breiman, Robert F. TI Etiologies of Bacterial Meningitis in Bangladesh: Results from a Hospital-Based Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REAL-TIME PCR; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; SEEKING BEHAVIOR; CHILDREN; ADULTS AB We conducted a study at four hospitals from June 2003 to July 2005 to investigate the etiologies of bacterial meningitis in Bangladesh. A total of 2,609 patients met the clinical case definition, and 766 had cerebrospinal fluid tested by at least one of the following methods: latex agglutination, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, or real-time polymerase chain reaction for Neisseria meningitidis A and C, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib); culture results were noted from patient records. In total, 189 patients (24%) of those tested, representing all age groups, were diagnosed with bacterial meningitis; 136 (18%) had meningococcal, 23 (3%) had pneumococcal, and 25 (3%) had Hib infection. Twenty percent of patients with Hib meningitis (5/25) were > 15 years old. Case-fatality ratios were 10% for N. meningitidis, 22% for S. pneumoniae, and 24% for Hib. Bacterial meningitis from vaccine-prevent able pathogens causes significant morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh in adults and children. C1 [Gurley, Emily S.; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Luby, Stephen R.] ICDDRB, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Montgomery, Susan P.] DPD NCZVED CDC, Parasit Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Petersen, Lyle R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mayer, Leonard W.] Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Meningitis Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dull, Peter] Novartis Vaccines & Diagnost, Head Dev Meningococcal Vaccines, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Nahar, Nazmun] Bangladesh Inst Res & Rehabil Diabet Endocrine &, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Uddin, A. K. M. Rafique] Specialist Doctors Ctr, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh. [Rahman, M. Ekhlasur] Dhaka Med Coll Hosp, Dept Paediat, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Ekram, A. R. M. Saifuddin] Rajshahi Med Coll Hosp, Dept Med, Rajshahi 6000, Bangladesh. [Breiman, Robert F.] CDC, KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Gurley, ES (reprint author), ICDDRB, GPO 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM egurley@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 81 IS 3 BP 475 EP 483 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 487QW UT WOS:000269290900022 PM 19706918 ER PT J AU Collins, WE Jeffery, GM Sullivan, JS Nace, D Williams, T Gallaild, GG Williams, A Barnwell, JW AF Collins, William E. Jeffery, Geoffrey M. Sullivan, Joann S. Nace, Douglas Williams, Tyrone Gallaild, G. Gale Williams, Allison Barnwell, John W. TI Infection of Mosquitoes with Plasmodium falciparum by Feeding on Humans and on Aotus Monkeys SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID TROPHOZOITE-INDUCED INFECTIONS; SANTA-LUCIA STRAIN; RETROSPECTIVE EXAMINATION; CLINICAL IMMUNITY; MODEL; VOCIFERANS; RESISTANCE; VACCINES AB Of 1,004 positive lots of mosquitoes fed on 229 humans infected with Plasmodium falciparum, 46.2% had 1-10 oocysts/(+)gut, 21.2% had 10-30 oocysts/(+)gut, 22.2% had 30-100 oocysts/(+)gut, and 10.4% had >100 oocysts/(+) gut. The highest levels of infection occurred between 6 and 15 days after the peak in the asexual parasite count. Of 2,281 lots of Anopheles freeborni mosquitoes fed on splenectomized Aotus monkeys infected with the Santa Lucia strain of P. falciparum, 1,191 were infected (52.2%). The highest intensity infections ranged from 2.78 oocysts per positive gut in mosquitoes fed on Aotus vociferans to 6.08 oocysts per positive gut for those fed on A. lemurinus griseimembra to 10.4 oocysts per positive gut for those fed on A. nancymaae. The pattern of infection for mosquitoes fed on splenectomized Aotus monkeys was similar to that obtained by feeding on humans, but the intensity, based on oocyst/(+)gut, was much lower. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Anim Resources Branch, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, US Publ Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Natl Ctr Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Collins, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Mailstop F-36,4770 Buford Highway, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM wec1@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 81 IS 3 BP 529 EP 533 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 487QW UT WOS:000269290900031 PM 19706927 ER PT J AU Henningson, JN Topliff, CL Gil, LHV Donis, RO Steffen, DJ Charleston, B Eskridge, KM Kelling, CL AF Henningson, Jamie N. Topliff, Christina L. Gil, Laura H. V. Donis, Ruben O. Steffen, David J. Charleston, Bryan Eskridge, Kent M. Kelling, Clayton L. TI Effect of the viral protein N-pro on virulence of bovine viral diarrhea virus and induction of interferon type I in calves SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 86th Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases CY DEC, 2005 CL St Louis, MO ID CLASSICAL SWINE-FEVER; REGULATORY FACTOR-3; PROTEASOMAL DEGRADATION; SYSTEMIC INFECTION; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; PESTIVIRUS; PRODUCT; CELLS; REPLICATION; 6-MONTH-OLD AB Objective-To characterize the influence of the viral protein N-pro on virulence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and on type I interferon responses in calves. Animals-10 calves, 4 to 6 months of age. Procedures-BVDV virulence and type I interferon responses of calves (n = 5) infected with a noncytopathic BVDV with a deleted N-pro were compared with those of calves (5) infected with a noncytopathic BVDV with a functional N-pro. Rectal temperatures, clinical signs, platelet counts, and total and differential WBC counts were evaluted daily. Histologic examinations and immunohistochemical analyses of tissues were conducted to assess lesions and distribution of viral antigens, respectively. Serum type I interferon concentrations were determined. Results-Calves infected with N-pro-deleted BVDV developed leukopenia and lymphopenia, without developing increased rectal temperatures or lymphoid depletion of target lymphoid organs. There was minimal antigen deposition in lymphoid organs. Calves infected with N-pro BVDV developed increased rectal temperatures, leukopenia, lymphopenia, and lymphoid depletion with marked BVDV antigen deposition in lymphatic tissues. Interferon type I responses were detected in both groups of calves. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Deletion of N-pro resulted in attenuation of BVDV as evidenced by reduced virulence in calves, compared with BVDV with a functional N-pro. Deletion of N-pro did not affect induction of type I interferon. The N-pro-deleted BVDV mutant may represent a safe noncytopathic virus candidate for vaccine development. (Am J Vet Res 2009;70:1117-1123) C1 [Henningson, Jamie N.; Topliff, Christina L.; Steffen, David J.; Kelling, Clayton L.] Univ Nebraska, Coll Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Eskridge, Kent M.] Univ Nebraska, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Gil, Laura H. V.] Fundacao Osvaldo Cruz, Ctr Aggeu Magalhaes, BR-50670420 Recife, PE, Brazil. [Donis, Ruben O.] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Charleston, Bryan] AFRC, Inst Anim Hlth, Pirbright Lab, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, England. RP Kelling, CL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Coll Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 70 IS 9 BP 1117 EP 1123 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 489WP UT WOS:000269456800008 PM 19719427 ER PT J AU Winnik, B Barr, DB Thiruchelvam, M Montesano, MA Richfield, EK Buckley, B AF Winnik, Bozena Barr, Dana B. Thiruchelvam, Mona Montesano, M. Angela Richfield, Eric K. Buckley, Brian TI Quantification of Paraquat, MPTP, and MPP+ in brain tissue using microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Paraquat; MPTP; MPP; Tissue; Microwave solvent extraction; HPLC; Mass spectrometry; Electrospray ionization ID ENVIRONMENTAL RISK-FACTORS; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; MOUSE-BRAIN; EXPOSURE; PESTICIDES; MANEB; RATS; MODELS AB Animal models, consistent with the hypothesis of direct interaction of paraquat (PQ) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) with specific areas of the central nervous system have been developed to study Parkinson's disease (PD) in mice. These models have necessitated the creation of an analytical method for unambiguous identification and quantitation of PQ and structurally similar MPTP and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) in brain tissue. A method for determination of these compounds was developed using microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Extraction solvent and microwave conditions such as power and time were optimized to produce recoveries of 90% for PQ 78% for MPTP and 97% for its metabolite MPP+. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C8, column and detection was carried out using an ion trap as an analyzer with electrospray ionization. Mass spectrometer parameters such as heated capillary temperature, spray voltage, capillary voltage and others were also optimized for each analyte. Analysis was done in selective ion-monitoring (SIM) mode using m/z 186 for PQ, m/z 174 for MPTP, and m/z 170 for MPP+. The method detection limit for paraquat in matrix was 100 pg, 40 pg for MPTP, and 20 pg MPP+. C1 [Winnik, Bozena; Buckley, Brian] Rutgers State Univ, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Barr, Dana B.; Montesano, M. Angela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Thiruchelvam, Mona; Richfield, Eric K.] UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08822 USA. RP Buckley, B (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM bbuckley@eohsi.rutgers.edu RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 FU NIH [ES005022] FX This work was supported by NIH grant ES005022. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 395 IS 1 BP 195 EP 201 DI 10.1007/s00216-009-2929-z PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 482EI UT WOS:000268866800022 PM 19618168 ER PT J AU Dart, RC Borron, SW Caravati, EM Cobaugh, DJ Curry, SC Falk, JL Goldfrank, L Gorman, SE Groft, S Heard, K Miller, K Olson, KR O'Malley, G Seger, D Seifert, SA Sivilotti, MLA Schaeffer, T Tomassoni, AJ Wise, R Bogdan, GM Alhelail, M Buchanan, J Hoppe, J Lavonas, E Mlynarchek, S Phua, DH Rhyee, S Varney, S Zosel, A AF Dart, Richard C. Borron, Stephen W. Caravati, E. Martin Cobaugh, Daniel J. Curry, Steven C. Falk, Jay L. Goldfrank, Lewis Gorman, Susan E. Groft, Stephen Heard, Kennon Miller, Ken Olson, Kent R. O'Malley, Gerald Seger, Donna Seifert, Steven A. Sivilotti, Marco L. A. Schaeffer, Tammi Tomassoni, Anthony J. Wise, Robert Bogdan, Gregory M. Alhelail, Mohammed Buchanan, Jennie Hoppe, Jason Lavonas, Eric Mlynarchek, Sara Phua, Dong-Haur Rhyee, Sean Varney, Shawn Zosel, Amy CA Antidote Summit Authorship Grp TI Expert Consensus Guidelines for Stocking of Antidotes in Hospitals That Provide Emergency Care SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POISONING ANTIDOTES; AVAILABILITY AB Study objective: We developed recommendations for antidote stocking at hospitals that provide emergency care. Methods: An expert panel representing diverse perspectives (clinical pharmacology, clinical toxicology, critical care medicine, clinical pharmacy, emergency medicine, internal medicine, pediatrics, poison centers, pulmonary medicine, and hospital accreditation) was formed to create recommendations for antidote stocking. Using a standardized summary of the medical literature, the primary reviewer for each antidote proposed guidelines for antidote stocking to the full panel. The panel used a formal iterative process to reach their recommendation for the quantity of an antidote that should be stocked and the acceptable period for delivery of each antidote. Results: The panel recommended consideration of 24 antidotes for stocking. The panel recommended that 12 of the antidotes be available for immediate administration on patient arrival. In most hospitals, this period requires that the antidote be stocked in the emergency department. Another 9 antidotes were recommended for availability within 1 hour of the decision to administer, allowing the antidote to be stocked in the hospital pharmacy if the hospital has a mechanism for prompt delivery of antidotes. The panel identified additional antidotes that should be stocked by the hospital but are not usually needed within the first hour of treatment. The panel recommended that each hospital perform a formal antidote hazard vulnerability assessment to determine the need for antidote stocking in that hospital. Conclusion: The antidote expert recommendations provide a tool to be used in creating practices for appropriate and adequate antidote stocking in hospitals that provide emergency care. [Ann Emerg Med. 2009;54:386-394.] C1 [Dart, Richard C.; Heard, Kennon; Schaeffer, Tammi; Bogdan, Gregory M.; Alhelail, Mohammed; Buchanan, Jennie; Hoppe, Jason; Lavonas, Eric; Mlynarchek, Sara; Phua, Dong-Haur; Rhyee, Sean; Varney, Shawn; Zosel, Amy] Rocky Mt Poison & Drug Ctr Denver Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Borron, Stephen W.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Caravati, E. Martin] Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Utah Poison Control Ctr, Div Emergency Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Cobaugh, Daniel J.] ASHP Res & Educ Fdn, Bethesda, MD USA. [Curry, Steven C.] Banner Good Samaritan Med Ctr, Dept Med Toxicol, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Curry, Steven C.] Banner Good Samaritan Med Ctr, Banner Poison Control Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Falk, Jay L.] Univ Florida, Dept Emergency Med, Orlando Reg Med Ctr, Orlando, FL USA. [Goldfrank, Lewis] NYU, Sch Med, New York City Poison Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Gorman, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Strateg Natl Stockpile, Atlanta, GA USA. [Groft, Stephen] Off Rare Dis Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Dart, Richard C.; Heard, Kennon; Schaeffer, Tammi; Lavonas, Eric] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Med, Div Emergency Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Bogdan, Gregory M.] Univ Colorado Denver, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Aurora, CO USA. [Miller, Ken] Orange Cty Fire Author & Orange Cty Hlth Care Agc, Emergency Med Serv, Irvine, CA USA. [Miller, Ken] Natl Assoc EMS Phys, Lenexa, KS USA. [Olson, Kent R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Olson, Kent R.] Calif Poison Control Syst, San Francisco Div, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [O'Malley, Gerald] Albert Einstein Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Div Res, Philadelphia, PA 19141 USA. [Seger, Donna] Vanderbilt Univ, Div Clin Pharmacol, Dept Med, Tennessee Poison Ctr,Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Seifert, Steven A.] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med & Med Director, New Mexico Poison & Drug Informat Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Sivilotti, Marco L. A.] Queens Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Sivilotti, Marco L. A.] Queens Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Tomassoni, Anthony J.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Sect Emergency Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Tomassoni, Anthony J.] Yale New Haven Ctr Emergency Preparedness & Disas, New Haven, CT USA. [Wise, Robert] Int Joint Commiss, Div Stand & Survey Methods, Oak Brook Terrace, IL USA. RP Dart, RC (reprint author), 777 Bannock St,Mailcode 0180, Denver, CO 80204 USA. EM rdart@rmpdc.org RI Siry, Bonnie/D-7189-2017 FU NIDA NIH HHS [K08 DA020573, K08 DA020573-03] NR 23 TC 39 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 BP 386 EP 394 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2009.01.023 PG 9 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 488JM UT WOS:000269345900016 PM 19406507 ER PT J AU Liu, YF Li, YJ Satten, GA Allen, AS Tzeng, JY AF Liu, Youfang Li, Yi-Ju Satten, Glen A. Allen, Andrew S. Tzeng, Jung-Ying TI A Regression-based Association Test for Case-control Studies that Uses Inferred Ancestral Haplotype Similarity SO ANNALS OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Case-control studies; haplotype similarity; haplotype sharing; haplotype-based association test; covariates; regression-based association analysis ID LINKAGE-DISEQUILIBRIUM; DISEASE GENES; POPULATIONS; MUTATIONS; SEGMENTS; TRAITS; POWER AB Association methods based on haplotype similarity (HS) can overcome power and stability issues encountered in standard haplotype analyses. Current HS methods can be generally classified into evolutionary and two-sample approaches. We propose a new regression-based HS association method for case-control studies that incorporates covariate information and combines the advantages of the two classes of approaches by using inferred ancestral haplotypes. We first estimate the ancestral haplotypes of case individuals and then, for each individual, an ancestral-haplotype-based similarity score is computed by comparing that individual's observed genotype with the estimated ancestral haplotypes. Trait values are then regressed on the similarity scores. Covariates can easily be incorporated into this regression framework. To account for the bias in the raw p-values due to the use of case data in constructing ancestral haplotypes, as well as to account for variation in ancestral haplotype estimation, a permutation procedure is adopted to obtain empirical p-values. Compared with the standard haplotype score test and the multilocus T(2) test, our method improves power when neither the allele frequency nor linkage disequilibrium between the disease locus and its neighboring SNPs is too low and is comparable in other scenarios. We applied our method to the Genetic Analysis Workshop 15 simulated SNP data and successfully pinpointed a stretch of SNPs that covers the fine-scale region where the causal locus is located. C1 [Liu, Youfang; Tzeng, Jung-Ying] N Carolina State Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27569 USA. [Li, Yi-Ju] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Genet, Durham, NC USA. [Li, Yi-Ju; Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tzeng, JY (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Campus Box 7566, Raleigh, NC 27569 USA. EM jytzeng@stat.ncsu.edu OI Tzeng, Jung-Ying/0000-0002-5505-1775; Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU GAW [R01-GM031575]; NIH [5R01-HL049609-14, 1R01-AG021917-01A1, R01MH084022-01A1]; University of Minnesota; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute; NSF [0504726] FX The authors thank the GAW grant, R01-GM031575, for providing the GAW 15 simulated data to be used in this study. Support for generation of the GAW 15 simulated data is provided from NIH grants 5R01-HL049609-14, 1R01-AG021917-01A1, the University of Minnesota, and the Minnesota Supercomputing Institute. Y.L. is partially supported by NSF DMS 0504726. J.Y.T is partially supported by NSF DMS 0504726 and NIH R01MH084022-01A1. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0003-4800 J9 ANN HUM GENET JI Ann. Hum. Genet. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 73 BP 520 EP 526 DI 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2009.00536.x PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 481EF UT WOS:000268789500006 PM 19622101 ER PT J AU Yoon, JJ Krumm, SA Ndungu, JM Hoffman, V Bankamp, B Rota, PA Sun, AM Snyder, JP Plemper, RK AF Yoon, Jeong-Joong Krumm, Stefanie A. Ndungu, J. Maina Hoffman, Vanessa Bankamp, Bettina Rota, Paul A. Sun, Aiming Snyder, James P. Plemper, Richard K. TI Target Analysis of the Experimental Measles Therapeutic AS-136A SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT RNA-POLYMERASE; TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS NNRTIS; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; SENDAI-VIRUS; NONNUCLEOSIDE INHIBITORS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; PHOSPHOPROTEIN-P; IN-VITRO; RINDERPEST VIRUS; ENTRY INHIBITORS AB No effective therapeutic is currently in place for improved case management of severe measles or the rapid control of outbreaks. Through high-throughput screening, we recently identified a novel small-molecule class that potently blocks activity of the measles virus (MeV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) complex in transient replicon assays. However, the nature of the block in RdRp activity and the physical target of the compound remained elusive. Through real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis, we demonstrate that the lead compound AS-136A blocks viral RNA synthesis in the context of an infection. Adaptation of different MeV strains to growth in the presence of the compound identified three candidate hot spots for resistance that are located in conserved domains of the viral polymerase (L protein) subunit of the RdRp complex. Rebuilding of individual mutations in RdRp-driven reporter assays and recombinant MeV traced the molecular basis for resistance to specific mutations in L. Mutations responsible for resistance cluster in the immediate vicinity of the proposed catalytic center for phosphodiester bond formation and neighboring conserved domains of L, providing support for effective inhibition of a paramyxovirus RdRp complex through interaction of a non-nucleoside small-molecule inhibitor with the L protein. Resistance mutations are located in regions of L that are fully conserved among viral isolates, and recombinant MeV harboring individual resistance mutations show some delay in the onset of viral growth in vitro. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that acquiring mutations in these L domains may reduce virus fitness. C1 [Plemper, Richard K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Yoon, Jeong-Joong; Krumm, Stefanie A.; Hoffman, Vanessa; Plemper, Richard K.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ndungu, J. Maina] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bankamp, Bettina; Rota, Paul A.; Sun, Aiming; Snyder, James P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Plemper, Richard K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Plemper, RK (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, 520 Childrens Ctr,2015 Uppergate Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM rplempe@emory.edu FU U.S. Public Health Service [AI071002]; NIH/NIAID FX We thank A. L. Hammond for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by U.S. Public Health Service grant AI071002 ( to R. K. P.) from the NIH/NIAID. NR 58 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 53 IS 9 BP 3860 EP 3870 DI 10.1128/AAC.00503-09 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 496XR UT WOS:000270014200033 PM 19528268 ER PT J AU Gentry, J Vinje, J Guadagnoli, D Lipp, EK AF Gentry, Jennifer Vinje, Jan Guadagnoli, Dominic Lipp, Erin K. TI Norovirus Distribution within an Estuarine Environment SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; ENTERIC VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; GENOGROUPS I; WASTE-WATER; GASTROENTERITIS; SHELLFISH AB Human norovirus (NoV) has been studied extensively as an important cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. While oysters are a primary vehicle for infection, few studies have examined the wider distribution of NoV in the estuarine environment. Active shellfish-harvesting areas in Georgia were examined for the prevalence, genotype diversity, and concentrations of NoV in a variety of estuarine sample types over the course of 1 year. Of the 225 samples (9 oyster, 72 water, 72 63- to 200-mu m plankton, and 72 > 200-mu m plankton) collected from 12 stations across two estuaries, 21 samples (9.3%) tested positive for NoV. By sample type, 55.0% (5/9) of oysters, 8.3% (6/72) of water samples, 11.1% (8/72) of 63- to 200-mu m plankton samples, and 2.8% (2/72) of > 200-mu m plankton samples were positive for human NoV. The two NoV-positive > 200-mu m plankton ;samples, which contained mainly zooplankton, had the greatest quantity of NoV genomes (3.5 x 10(13) and 1.7 x 10(15) genomes g(-1)) of any sample tested. The majority, 90.5% (19/21), of the samples tested positive for genogroup I NoV, and only 9.5% (2/21) of the samples tested positive for genogroup II. The high concentrations of NoV in plankton samples compared to water and oyster samples were unexpected and provide new insights into the presence and distribution of human NoV in the water environment. C1 [Gentry, Jennifer; Lipp, Erin K.] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCIRD, DVD, GRVLB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Guadagnoli, Dominic] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Coastal Resources Div, Brunswick, GA 31520 USA. RP Lipp, EK (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 206 Environm Hlth Sci Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM elipp@uga.edu OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Oceans and Human Health Initiative [NA04OAR4600203] FX This work was supported by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Oceans and Human Health Initiative grant no. NA04OAR4600203. NR 46 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 17 BP 5474 EP 5480 DI 10.1128/AEM.00111-09 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 488JA UT WOS:000269344200006 PM 19581478 ER PT J AU Violanti, JM Burchfiel, CM Hartley, TA Mnatsakanova, A Fekedulegn, D Andrew, ME Charles, LE Vila, BJ AF Violanti, John M. Burchfiel, Cecil M. Hartley, Tara A. Mnatsakanova, Anna Fekedulegn, Desta Andrew, Michael E. Charles, Luenda E. Vila, Bryan J. TI Atypical Work Hours and Metabolic Syndrome Among Police Officers SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular disease; overtime; police officers; shift work; sleep ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; SHIFT WORK; OVERTIME WORK; MORTALITY; SLEEP; RISK; HEALTH; COHORT; ADULTS AB This Study examined whether atypical work hours are associated with metabolic syndrome among a random sample of 98 police officers. Shift work and overtime data from daily payroll records and reported sleep duration were obtained. Metabolic syndrome was defined as elevated waist circumference and triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and glucose intolerance. Multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of covariance models were used for analyses. Officers working midnight shifts were on average younger and had a slightly higher mean number of metabolic syndrome components. Stratification oil sleep duration and overtime revealed significant associations between midnight shifts and the mean number of metabolic syndrome components among officers with less sleep (p = .013) and more overtime (p = .007). Results Suggest shorter sleep duration and more overtime combined with midnight shift work may be important contributors to the metabolic syndrome. C1 [Violanti, John M.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Burchfiel, Cecil M.; Hartley, Tara A.; Mnatsakanova, Anna; Fekedulegn, Desta; Andrew, Michael E.; Charles, Luenda E.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Vila, Bryan J.] Washington State Univ, Criminal Justice Program, Spokane, WA USA. [Vila, Bryan J.] Washington State Univ, Sleep & Performance Res Ctr, Spokane, WA USA. RP Violanti, JM (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Social & Prevent Med, 270 Farber Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. EM violanti@buffalo.edu RI Charles, Luenda/H-6008-2011 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [IR03OH003772-01] FX This research was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (IR03OH003772-01). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 37 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 3 U2 15 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 1933-8244 J9 ARCH ENVIRON OCCUP H JI Arch. Environ. Occup. Health PD FAL PY 2009 VL 64 IS 3 BP 194 EP 201 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 519MU UT WOS:000271771600009 PM 19864222 ER PT J AU Freedman, DS Wang, J Thornton, JC Mei, ZG Sopher, AB Pierson, RN Dietz, WH Horlick, M AF Freedman, David S. Wang, Jack Thornton, John C. Mei, Zuguo Sopher, Aviva B. Pierson, Richard N., Jr. Dietz, William H. Horlick, Mary TI Classification of Body Fatness by Body Mass Index-for-Age Categories Among Children SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; WHITE-CHILDREN; ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT; EXPERT COMMITTEE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; BLOOD-PRESSURE; FOLLOW-UP; OBESITY; FAT AB Objective: To examine the ability of various body mass index (BMI)-for-age categories, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 85th to 94th percentiles, to correctly classify the body fatness of children and adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: The New York Obesity Research Center at St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital from 1995 to 2000. Participants: Healthy 5- to 18-year-old children and adolescents (N = 1196) were recruited in the New York City area through newspaper notices, announcements at schools and activity centers, and word of mouth. Main Outcome Measures: Percent body fat as determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Body fatness cutoffs were chosen so that the number of children in each category (normal, moderate, and elevated fatness) would equal the number of children in the corresponding BMI-for-age category (<85th percentile, 85th-94th percentile, and >= 95th percentile, respectively). Results: About 77% of the children who had a BMI for age at or above the 95th percentile had an elevated body fatness, but levels of body fatness among children who had a BMI for age between the 85th and 94th percentiles (n = 200) were more variable; about one-half of these children had a moderate level of body fatness, but 30% had a normal body fatness and 20% had an elevated body fatness. The prevalence of normal levels of body fatness among these 200 children was highest among black children (50%) and among those within the 85th to 89th percentiles of BMI for age (40%). Conclusion: Body mass index is an appropriate screening test to identify children who should have further evaluation and follow-up, but it is not diagnostic of level of adiposity. C1 [Freedman, David S.; Mei, Zuguo; Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wang, Jack; Thornton, John C.; Sopher, Aviva B.; Pierson, Richard N., Jr.] Columbia Univ, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, Body Composit Unit, Dept Med,New York Obes Res Ctr,Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Sopher, Aviva B.] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, Morgan Stanley Childrens Hosp New York, Med Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Horlick, Mary] NIDDK, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Freedman, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, CDC Mailstop K-26,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dfreedman@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [DK37352] FX This study was supported by grant DK37352 from the National Institutes of Health. NR 41 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 163 IS 9 BP 805 EP 811 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 491PC UT WOS:000269590300005 PM 19736333 ER PT J AU Nguyen, PH Grajeda, R Melgar, P Marcinkevage, J DiGirolamo, AM Flores, R Martorell, R AF Nguyen, Phuong H. Grajeda, Ruben Melgar, Paul Marcinkevage, Jessica DiGirolamo, Ann M. Flores, Rafael Martorell, Reynaldo TI Micronutrient supplementation may reduce symptoms of depression in Guatemalan women SO ARCHIVOS LATINOAMERICANOS DE NUTRICION LA English DT Article DE Depression; folate; micronutrients; randomized controlled trial; women of reproductive age; Guatemala ID FOLIC-ACID SUPPLEMENTATION; POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION; VITAMIN-B-12 DEFICIENCY; DIETARY-FOLATE; HOMOCYSTEINE; POPULATION; SERUM; MOOD; RISK; ZINC AB Evidence for the impact of micronutrient supplementation trials on depression in women from developing countries is limited. This study examines this association and compares the impact of weekly versus daily combinations of micronutrient supplements on symptoms of depression. A randomized, positive-controlled trial was conducted in Guatemala. A total of 459 women were assigned randomly to 4 groups to receive weekly (5,000 or 2,800 mu g) or daily (400 or 200 mu g) folic acid (FA) plus iron, zinc and vitamin B-12 for 12 weeks. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression 20-item Scale (CES-D). A score=16 was used as an indication of depression. The association between micronutrient status and depression was assessed using baseline data. Generalized linear regression models were used to assess treatment effects. The baseline mean CES-D score was 17.1 +/- 8.5 and the prevalence of depression was 49.3%. Women in the lowest tertile of red blood cell folate (RBC) were 1.7 times more likely to be depressed than those in the highest tertile (OR=1.71; 95% CI: 0.91, 3.18). There were no associations between depression and serum folate, homocysteine, vitamin B-12, hemoglobin, ferritin or zinc (p > 0.05). Mean depression scores decreased by 2.3 points post-intervention and depression decreased to 37.7%. with no differences in degree of improvement by group (p = 0.64). Low RBC folate was associated with elevated symptoms of depression at baseline. Supplementation with FA-containing micronutrients may be equally efficacious in improving symptoms of depression when provided daily or weekly. Our findings that poor folate status may increase depression needs to be further investigated. C1 [Nguyen, Phuong H.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Nutr Cent Amer & Panama Guatemala, Chamblee, GA USA. RP Nguyen, PH (reprint author), Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RI Martorell, Reynaldo /I-2539-2012 NR 60 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU ARCHIVOS LATINOAMERICANOS NUTRICION PI CARACAS PA APARTADO 62778 CHACAO, AVENIDA FRANCISCO MIRANDA, CARACAS 1060, VENEZUELA SN 0004-0622 J9 ARCH LATINOAM NUTR JI Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 59 IS 3 BP 278 EP 286 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 515OF UT WOS:000271481000008 PM 19886513 ER PT J AU Li, Z Porter, EN Sjodin, A Needham, LL Lee, S Russell, AG Mulholland, JA AF Li, Zheng Porter, Erin N. Sjoedin, Andreas Needham, Larry L. Lee, Sangil Russell, Armistead G. Mulholland, James A. TI Characterization of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Atlanta-Seasonal variations at urban, suburban, and rural ambient air monitoring sites SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; PAH; Seasonal variation; Spatial variation; Retene ID SOURCE-APPORTIONMENT; WOOD COMBUSTION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; FINE-PARTICLE; PAHS; CITY; POLLUTION; POLLUTANTS; GUANGZHOU; PM2.5 AB Twenty-eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and methylated PAHs (Me-PAH) were measured in daily PM2.5 samples collected at an urban site, a suburban site, and a rural site in and near Atlanta during 2004 (5 samples/month/site). The suburban site. located near a major highway, had higher PM2.5-bound. PAH concentrations than did the urban site, and the rural site had the lowest PAH levels. Monthly variations are described for concentrations of total PAHs (Sigma PAHs) and individual PAHs. PAH concentrations were much higher in cold months than in warm months, with average monthly Sigma PAH concentrations at the urban and suburban-highway monitoring sites ranging from 2.12 to 6.85 ng m(-3) during January-February and November-December 2004, compared to 0.38-0.98 ng m(-3) during May-September 2004. Sigma PAH concentrations were found to be well correlated with PM2.5 and organic carbon (OC) within seasons, and the fractions of PAHs in PM2.5 and OC were higher in winter than in summer. Methyl phenanthrenes were present at higher levels than their un-substituted homologue (phenanthrene), suggesting a petrogenic (unburned petroleum products) input. Retene, a proposed tracer for biomass burning, peaked in March, the month with the highest acreage and frequency of prescribed burning and unplanned fires, and in December, during the high residential wood-burning season. indicating that retene might be a good marker for burning of all biomass materials. In contrast. potassium peaked only in December, indicating that it might be a more specific tracer for wood-burning. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Li, Zheng; Porter, Erin N.; Sjoedin, Andreas; Needham, Larry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Li, Zheng; Russell, Armistead G.; Mulholland, James A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Environm & Civil Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Lee, Sangil] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Measurement Support Ctr, Div Qual Life, Taejon 305340, South Korea. RP Li, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway F-53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ZhengJLi@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 NR 46 TC 56 Z9 61 U1 5 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 43 IS 27 BP 4187 EP 4193 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.05.031 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 487PU UT WOS:000269288100009 ER PT J AU Reed, LM Johansson, MA Panella, N McLean, R Creekmore, T Puelle, R Komar, N AF Reed, Lisa M. Johansson, Michael A. Panella, Nicholas McLean, Robert Creekmore, Terry Puelle, Rose Komar, Nicholas TI Declining Mortality in American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) Following Natural West Nile Virus Infection SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; crows; corvids; seroprevalence; infection; mortality ID NEW-YORK-STATE; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; BIRDS; EMERGENCE; COLORADO; OSSIFRAGUS AB The American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) is known to suffer 100% mortality from infection with the New York 1999 strain of West Nile virus (WNV). Following the initial detection of WNV in North America in 1999, we measured prevalence of WNV-reactive antibodies ("seroprevalence") in free-ranging American and fish crows (Corvus ossifragus) of central New Jersey after each transmission season through 2005. In 2002, seroprevalence in American crow juveniles increased to 14% from the 5% of the previous year, potentially indicating increased survival in this species. Using the annual seroprevalence measurements and the number of human West Nile neuroinvasive disease cases as a surrogate for WNV transmission intensity, we developed a model to estimate the annual WNV-associated mortality rates among both of these crow species. Our model supports the hypothesis that mortality is changing over time; the WNV-associated mortality rate declined over time by 1.5% for American crow and by 1.1% for fish crow. The probability that the trend in mortality was negative was 90% for the American crow and 60% for the fish crow. C1 [Reed, Lisa M.] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Johansson, Michael A.; Panella, Nicholas; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [McLean, Robert] USDA, Wildlife Dis Res Program, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Creekmore, Terry] Wyoming Game & Fish, Wildlife Div, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Puelle, Rose] Publ Hlth, Publ Hlth Preparedness, Hunterdon Cty, NJ 08822 USA. RP Reed, LM (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Vector Biol, 180 Jones Ave, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM lreed@rci.rutgers.edu FU State Mosquito Control Commission of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services; Equine Science Center of the School for Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University FX We thank Robert Anderson, Priscilla Collins, Vivien Roegner, Kelsey Brooks, Ryan Neary, Bevin O'Grady, and Steve Piotrowski for technical assistance. Wayne Crans provided helpful suggestions on the manuscript. Marm Kilpatrick, Brad Biggerstaff, and Mark Delorey provided advice on data analysis. Funding was provided from the State Mosquito Control Commission of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, and the Equine Science Center of the School for Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University. This is New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station publication number D-08-08294-08-09. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 53 IS 3 BP 458 EP 461 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 501OA UT WOS:000270390000022 PM 19848089 ER PT J AU Ramadhani, T Short, V Canfield, MA Waller, DK Correa, A Royle, M Scheuerle, A AF Ramadhani, Tunu Short, Vanessa Canfield, Mark A. Waller, D. Kim Correa, Adolfo Royle, Marjorie Scheuerle, Angela CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Are Birth Defects among Hispanics Related to Maternal Nativity or Number of Years Lived in the United States? SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Texas Birth Defects Research Symposium 2008 CY OCT 17, 2008 CL Lubbock, TX DE birth defects; nativity; immigration; Hispanic; country ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; AFFECTED PREGNANCIES; MEXICAN DESCENT; CALIFORNIA; RISK; WOMEN; TEXAS; BORN; POPULATIONS AB BACKGROUND: Literature on the risk of birth defects among foreign- versus U.S.-born Hispanics is limited or inconsistent. We examined the association between country of birth, immigration patterns, and birth defects among Hispanic mothers. METHODS: We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study and calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals and assessed the relationship between mothers' country of birth, years lived in the United States, and birth defects among 575 foreign-born compared to 539 U.S.-born Hispanic mothers. RESULTS: Hispanic mothers born in Mexico/Central America were more likely to deliver babies with spina bifida (OR = 1.53) than their U.S.-born counterparts. Also, mothers born in Mexico/Central America or who were recent United States immigrants (<= 5 years) were less likely to deliver babies with all atrial septal defects combined, all septal defects combined, or atrial septal defect, securidum type. However, Hispanic foreign-born mothers who lived in the United States for >5 years were more likely to deliver babies with all neural tube defects combined (OR = 1.42), spina bificla (OR = 1.89), and longitudinal limb defects (OR = 2.34). Foreign-born mothers, regardless of their number of years lived in the United States, were more likely to deliver babies with anotia or microtia. CONCLUSIONS: Depending on the type of birth defect, foreign-born Hispanic mothers might be at higher or lower risk of delivering babies with the defects. The differences might reflect variations in predisposition, cultural norms, behavioral characteristics, and/or ascertainment of the birth defects. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 85:755-763, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Ramadhani, Tunu; Short, Vanessa; Canfield, Mark A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Waller, D. Kim] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Royle, Marjorie] New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ USA. [Scheuerle, Angela] Tesserae Genet, Dallas, TX USA. RP Ramadhani, T (reprint author), Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, 1100 W 49th St, Austin, TX USA. EM tunu.loponi@dshs.state.tx.us RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013 FU PHS HHS [U50/CCU613232] NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 85 IS 9 BP 755 EP 763 DI 10.1002/bdra.20584 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 504AY UT WOS:000270586400002 PM 19350653 ER PT J AU Robitaille, J Carmichael, SL Shaw, GM Olney, RS AF Robitaille, Julie Carmichael, Suzan L. Shaw, Gary M. Olney, Richard S. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Maternal Nutrient Intake and Risks for Transverse and Longitudinal Limb Deficiencies: Data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2003 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Meeting of the Teratology-Society CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 2008 CL Monterey, CA SP Teratol Soc DE congenital; limb deficiencies; riboflavin; folic acid; vitamin B-6 ID METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; MULTIVITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; VASCULAR PATHOGENESIS; UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; AVERSIONS; ANOMALIES; CRAVINGS; INFANTS AB BACKGROUND: The association between periconceptional intake of supplements containing folic acid with specific subtypes of limb deficiencies has been inconsistent. The objective was to investigate whether intake of nutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism (folate, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, riboflavin, choline, betaine, zinc, and methionine) through diet alone or in combination with a supplement containing folic acid influenced the risk for transverse limb deficiency (TLD) and longitudinal limb deficiency (LLD). METHODS: We analyzed 1997-2003 data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study and included 324 case infants with TLD, 158 case infants with LLD, and 4982 nonmalformed control infants. A food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate nutrient intakes. Use of supplements containing folic acid 1 month before through 2 months after conception was recorded. RESULTS: Use of a supplement containing folic acid was not associated with LLD or TLD. For nonsupplement users, within (1) the lowest quartile of dietary folate intake or vitamin B-6 intake, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for LLD were, respectively, 3.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-13.78) and 4.36 (95% CI: 0.93-20.48); and (2) the lowest quartile for riboflavin intake, the aOR for TLD was 2.94 (95% CI: 1.04-8.32). For supplement users within the lowest quartile of folate intake or riboflavin intake, the aORs for TLD were, respectively, 1.52 (95% CI: 0.91-2.54) and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.00-2.37). CONCLUSIONS: TLD and LLD were not associated with supplement use, but TLD was associated with low intakes of riboflavin from diet. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 85:773-779, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Robitaille, Julie; Olney, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Robitaille, Julie] Univ Laval, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Carmichael, Suzan L.; Shaw, Gary M.] March Dimes Fdn, Calif Res Div, Oakland, CA USA. RP Olney, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rolney@cdc.gov RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013; Robitaille, Julie/O-4892-2016 OI Robitaille, Julie/0000-0001-7035-0477 NR 34 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 85 IS 9 BP 773 EP 779 DI 10.1002/bdra.20587 PG 7 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 504AY UT WOS:000270586400004 PM 19350655 ER PT J AU Trivers, KF Lund, MJ Porter, PL Liff, JM Flagg, EW Coates, RJ Eley, JW AF Trivers, Katrina F. Lund, Mary Jo Porter, Peggy L. Liff, Jonathan M. Flagg, Elaine W. Coates, Ralph J. Eley, J. William TI The epidemiology of triple-negative breast cancer, including race SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Breast neoplasms; Molecular epidemiology; Tumor biology; Race ID ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; KI-67 ANTIGEN; MOLECULAR PORTRAITS; PROGNOSTIC MARKERS; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; PARAFFIN SECTIONS; HORMONE-RECEPTOR; YOUNGER WOMEN AB Predictors of intrinsic breast cancer subtypes, including the triple-negative (TN) subtype, are largely unknown. We evaluated whether anthropometrics, demographics, and reproductive history were associated with distinct breast cancer subtypes. Invasive breast tumors from a population-based case-control study of 476 (116 black and 360 white) Atlanta women aged 20-54, diagnosed between 1990 and 1992, were centrally reviewed and immunohistochemically analyzed for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2); then grouped [TN (ER-PR-HER2-); ER-PR-HER2+; ER/PR+HER2+; ER/PR+HER2- (case-only reference group)]. Data were from interviews and anthropometric measurements; adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression, including both case-only and case-control comparisons. From the case-only analyses and compared with the ER/PR+HER2- subtype, women with TN tumors were more likely to be obese than normal/underweight [OR = 1.89 (95% CI = 1.22, 2.92)]. Regardless of HER2 status, ER-PR- tumors were associated with black race, young age at first birth, having a recent birth, and being overweight. Distinct breast cancer subtypes have unique sociodemographic, anthropometric and reproductive characteristics and possibly different pathways for development. C1 [Trivers, Katrina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lund, Mary Jo; Liff, Jonathan M.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lund, Mary Jo; Eley, J. William] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Winship Canc Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lund, Mary Jo] Emory Univ, Georgia Canc Ctr Excellence Grady, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Porter, Peggy L.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Human Biol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Flagg, Elaine W.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coates, Ralph J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Trivers, KF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ktrivers@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NCI NIH HHS [R01CA71735, R01CA64292] NR 47 TC 100 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD SEP PY 2009 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1071 EP 1082 DI 10.1007/s10552-009-9331-1 PG 12 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 480ZF UT WOS:000268775300005 PM 19343511 ER PT J AU Dietzen, DJ Rinaldo, P Whitley, RJ Rhead, WJ Hannon, WH Garg, UC Lo, SF Bennett, MJ AF Dietzen, Dennis J. Rinaldo, Piero Whitley, Ronald J. Rhead, William J. Hannon, W. Harry Garg, Uttam C. Lo, Stanley F. Bennett, Michael J. TI National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Follow-Up Testing for Metabolic Disease Identified by Expanded Newborn Screening Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Executive Summary SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; CONGENITAL ADRENAL-HYPERPLASIA; ENZYME REPLACEMENT THERAPY; DIRECT MULTIPLEX ASSAY; ACIDURIA TYPE-I; PROPIONIC ACIDEMIA; GLUTARIC ACIDURIA; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS-I AB BACKGROUND: Almost all newborns in the US are screened at birth for multiple inborn errors of metabolism using tandem mass spectrometry. Screening tests are designed to be sufficiently sensitive so that cases are not missed. The NACB recognized a need for standard guidelines for laboratory confirmation of a positive newborn screen such that all babies would benefit from equal and optimal follow-up by confirmatory testing. METHODS: A committee was formed to review available data pertaining to confirmatory testing. The committee evaluated previously published guidelines, published methodological and clinical studies, clinical case reports, and expert opinion to support optimal confirmatory testing. Grading was based on guidelines adopted from criteria derived from the US Preventive Services Task Force and on the strength of recommendations and the quality of the evidence. Three primary methods of analyte measurement were evaluated for confirmatory testing including measurement of amino acids, organic acids, and carnitine esters. The committee graded the evidence for diagnostic utility of each test for the screened conditions. RESULTS: Ample data and experience were available to make strong recommendations for the practice of analyzing amino acids, organic acids, and acylcarnitines. Likewise, strong recommendations were made for the follow-up test menu for many disorders, particularly those with highest prevalence. Fewer data exist to determine the impact of newborn screening on patient outcomes in all but a few disorders. The guidelines also provide an assessment of developing technology that will fuel a refinement of current practice and ultimate expansion of the diseases detectable by tandem mass spectrometry. CONCLUSIONS: Guidelines are provided for optimal follow-up testing for positive newborn screens using tandem mass spectrometry. The committee regards these tests as reliable and currently optimal for follow-up testing. (C) 2009 American Association for Clinical Chemistry C1 [Bennett, Michael J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Dietzen, Dennis J.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA. [Dietzen, Dennis J.] St Louis Childrens Hosp, St Louis, MO 63178 USA. [Rinaldo, Piero] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Rochester, MN USA. [Whitley, Ronald J.] Univ Kentucky, Med Ctr, Lexington, KY USA. [Rhead, William J.; Lo, Stanley F.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Rhead, William J.; Lo, Stanley F.] Childrens Hosp Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garg, Uttam C.] Univ Missouri, Kansas City, MO 65211 USA. [Garg, Uttam C.] Childrens Mercy Hosp, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Bennett, Michael J.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Bennett, MJ (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 34th & Civ Ctr Blvd,5NW58, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM bennettmi@email.chop.edu NR 43 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 EI 1530-8561 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 55 IS 9 BP 1615 EP 1626 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2009.131300 PG 12 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 492DY UT WOS:000269636000005 PM 19574465 ER PT J AU Aberg, JA Kaplan, JE Libman, H Emmanuel, P Anderson, JR Stone, VE Oleske, JM Currier, JS Gallant, JE AF Aberg, Judith A. Kaplan, Jonathan E. Libman, Howard Emmanuel, Patricia Anderson, Jean R. Stone, Valerie E. Oleske, James M. Currier, Judith S. Gallant, Joel E. TI Primary Care Guidelines for the Management of Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: 2009 Update by the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; PROTEASE INHIBITOR THERAPY; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B; UNITED-STATES; CLINICAL-PRACTICE; DRUG-RESISTANCE; HEALTH-CARE; INTERNATIONAL-PANEL; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE AB Evidence-based guidelines for the management of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were prepared by an expert panel of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. These updated guidelines replace those published in 2004. The guidelines are intended for use by health care providers who care for HIV-infected patients or patients who may be at risk for acquiring HIV infection. Since 2004, new antiretroviral drugs and classes have become available, and the prognosis of persons with HIV infection continues to improve. However, with fewer complications and increased survival, HIV-infected persons are increasingly developing common health problems that also affect the general population. Some of these conditions may be related to HIV infection itself and its treatment. HIV-infected persons should be managed and monitored for all relevant age-and gender-specific health problems. New information based on publications from the period 2003-2008 has been incorporated into this document. C1 [Aberg, Judith A.] NYU, Sch Med, Bellevue Hosp Ctr, AIDS Clin Trials Unit, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Kaplan, Jonathan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Libman, Howard] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Stone, Valerie E.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Emmanuel, Patricia] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. [Anderson, Jean R.; Gallant, Joel E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Oleske, James M.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Currier, Judith S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Aberg, JA (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Bellevue Hosp Ctr, AIDS Clin Trials Unit, 550 1st Ave,BCD 5,Rm 558, New York, NY 10016 USA. EM judith.aberg@nyumc.org RI Oleske, James/C-1951-2016 OI Oleske, James/0000-0003-2305-5605 FU Infectious Diseases Society of America FX Support for this guideline was provided by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. NR 96 TC 197 Z9 204 U1 3 U2 11 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 5 BP 651 EP 681 DI 10.1086/605292 PG 31 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 479MA UT WOS:000268662300001 PM 19640227 ER PT J AU Verma, NA Zheng, XTT Harris, MU Cadichon, SB Melin-Aldana, H Khetsuriani, N Oberste, MS Shulman, ST AF Verma, Natasha A. Zheng, Xiaotian T. Harris, Michelle U. Cadichon, Sandra B. Melin-Aldana, Hector Khetsuriani, Nino Oberste, M. Steven Shulman, Stanford T. TI Outbreak of Life-Threatening Coxsackievirus B1 Myocarditis in Neonates SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; DISEASE; VIRUS; AGE AB In the summer and fall of 2007, we observed a unique cluster of cases of severe coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1) infection among Chicago area neonates. Eight neonates had closely related strains of CVB1 that were typed at the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention; 2 other neonates had CVB infections, 1 of which was further identified as serotype CVB1. All had severe myocarditis; 1 neonate underwent heart transplantation, and 1 died of severe left ventricular dysfunction. C1 [Verma, Natasha A.; Harris, Michelle U.; Shulman, Stanford T.] Childrens Mem Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Cadichon, Sandra B.] Childrens Mem Hosp, Div Neonatol, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Zheng, Xiaotian T.; Melin-Aldana, Hector] Childrens Mem Hosp, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Verma, Natasha A.; Zheng, Xiaotian T.; Cadichon, Sandra B.; Melin-Aldana, Hector; Shulman, Stanford T.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Khetsuriani, Nino; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Verma, NA (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. EM nverma@chla.usc.edu NR 21 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 5 BP 759 EP 763 DI 10.1086/605089 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 479MA UT WOS:000268662300015 PM 19622042 ER PT J AU Bern, C Montgomery, SP AF Bern, Caryn Montgomery, Susan P. TI An Estimate of the Burden of Chagas Disease in the United States SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IMPACT; TEXAS AB Chagas disease causes the highest burden of any parasitic disease in the Western hemisphere. By applying published seroprevalence figures to immigrant populations, we estimate that 300,167 individuals with Trypanosoma cruzi infection live in the United States, with 30,000-45,000 cardiomyopathy cases and 63-315 congenital infections annually. T. cruzi causes a substantial disease burden in the United States. C1 [Bern, Caryn; Montgomery, Susan P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Bern, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, MS F-22,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CBern@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 211 Z9 217 U1 2 U2 13 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 5 BP E52 EP E54 DI 10.1086/605091 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 479MA UT WOS:000268662300031 PM 19640226 ER PT J AU Wikswo, ME Khetsuriani, N Fowlkes, AL Zheng, XT Penaranda, S Verma, N Shulman, ST Sircar, K Robinson, CC Schmidt, T Schnurr, D Oberste, MS AF Wikswo, Mary E. Khetsuriani, Nino Fowlkes, Ashley L. Zheng, Xiaotian Penaranda, Silvia Verma, Natasha Shulman, Stanford T. Sircar, Kanta Robinson, Christine C. Schmidt, Terry Schnurr, David Oberste, M. Steven TI Increased Activity of Coxsackievirus B1 Strains Associated with Severe Disease among Young Infants in the United States, 2007-2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEONATAL ENTEROVIRUS INFECTIONS; CARE BABY UNIT; PERINATAL ECHOVIRUS; VIRUS INFECTIONS; RISK-FACTORS; PLECONARIL; NURSERY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEQUENCES AB Background. Enterovirus infections are very common and typically cause mild illness, although neonates are at higher risk for severe illness. In 2007, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) received multiple reports of severe neonatal illness and death associated with coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1), a less common enterovirus serotype not previously associated with death in surveillance reports to the CDC. Methods. This report includes clinical, epidemiologic, and virologic data from cases of severe neonatal illness associated with CVB1 reported during the period from 2007 through 2008 to the National Enterovirus Surveillance System (NESS), a voluntary, passive surveillance system. Also included are data on additional cases reported to the CDC outside of the NESS. Virus isolates or original specimens obtained from patients from 25 states were referred to the CDC picornavirus laboratory for molecular typing or characterization. Results. During 2007-2008, the NESS received 1079 reports of enterovirus infection. CVB1 accounted for 176 (23%) of 775 reported cases with known serotype, making it the most commonly reported serotype for the first time ever in the NESS. Six neonatal deaths due to CVB1 infection were also reported to the CDC during that time. Phylogenetic analysis of the 2007 and 2008 CVB1 strains indicated that the increase in cases resulted from widespread circulation of a single genetic lineage that had been present in the United States since at least 2001. Conclusions. Healthcare providers and public health departments should be vigilant to the possibility of continuing CVB1-associated neonatal illness, and testing and continued reporting of enterovirus infections should be encouraged. C1 [Wikswo, Mary E.; Khetsuriani, Nino; Fowlkes, Ashley L.; Penaranda, Silvia; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sircar, Kanta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zheng, Xiaotian] Childrens Mem Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Verma, Natasha; Shulman, Stanford T.] Childrens Mem Hosp, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Zheng, Xiaotian; Verma, Natasha; Shulman, Stanford T.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Sircar, Kanta] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Schnurr, David] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Robinson, Christine C.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Schmidt, Terry] Alaska State Publ Hlth Virol Lab, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Wikswo, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mwikswo@cdc.gov FU CDC FX CDC. NR 38 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 5 BP E44 EP E51 DI 10.1086/605090 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 479MA UT WOS:000268662300030 PM 19622041 ER PT J AU Patel, A Gorman, SE AF Patel, A. Gorman, S. E. TI Stockpiling Antiviral Drugs for the Next Influenza Pandemic SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB The threat of an influenza pandemic has been at the forefront of public health preparedness for more than 5 years. The national planning effort has included stockpiling antiviral drugs in the Centers for Disease Control and prevention's strategic national stockpile (SNS). This article highlights the composition of the SNS before the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and includes considerations for future antiviral stockpile purchases, focusing on emergence of oseltamivir resistance and the need for additional pediatric supplies. C1 [Patel, A.; Gorman, S. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Strateg Natl Stockpile, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Strateg Natl Stockpile, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Apatel7@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 86 IS 3 BP 241 EP 243 DI 10.1038/clpt.2009.142 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 491AL UT WOS:000269549100010 PM 19707215 ER PT J AU Kourtis, AP Bansil, P Kahn, HS Posner, SF Jamieson, DJ AF Kourtis, Athena P. Bansil, Pooja Kahn, Henry S. Posner, Samuel F. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Diabetes Trends in Hospitalized HIV-Infected Persons in the United States, 1994-2004 SO CURRENT HIV RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Diabetes; HIV infection; Hospitalizations; United States; Trends ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; YOUNG-ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; MELLITUS; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN; BURDEN; US AB The prevalence of diabetes in the United States is rising. As HIV-infected people live longer, they become more susceptible to chronic diseases such as diabetes. Additionally, some antiretroviral agents have been linked to impaired glucose tolerance and increased diabetes risk. To estimate the burden and trends of diabetes among hospitalized HIV-infected persons in the United States, we used data from the 1994-2004 Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a nationally representative survey of inpatient hospitalizations. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were adjusted for demographic and hospital characteristics using logistic regression. Between 1994 and 2004, the rate of hospitalizations with a diabetes code per 100 hospitalizations increased from 3.9 to 8.4 (2.2 fold) among HIV-infected persons. Among HIV-uninfected people, the corresponding rate increased from 12.8 to 17.7 (1.4 fold). Since 1998, the mean age of HIV-infected hospitalized people with a diabetes diagnosis rose from 45 to 66 years and became similar to that of HIV-uninfected people. Compared to 1994-1996, in 2002-2004 the probability of hospitalizations with diabetes increased among both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected persons (OR, 1.92, 95% CI, 1.79-2.05 and OR, 1.38, 95% CI, 1.36-1.40, respectively). Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes in hospitalized HIV-infected persons, it will be important to monitor the trends closely in addition to the effects of different types of antiretroviral regimens, in order to optimize comprehensive long-term care of HIV-infected persons. C1 [Kourtis, Athena P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. CONRAD, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kourtis, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS-K34,2900 Woodcock Blvd, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM apk3@cdc.gov OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562; Posner, Samuel/0000-0003-1574-585X NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1570-162X J9 CURR HIV RES JI Curr. HIV Res. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 7 IS 5 BP 481 EP 486 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 514GG UT WOS:000271381800004 PM 19925399 ER PT J AU Lawrence, JM Anderson, A Imperatore, G Mayer-Davis, EJ Seid, M Waitzfelder, B Yi-Frazier, J AF Lawrence, J. M. Anderson, A. Imperatore, G. Mayer-Davis, E. J. Seid, M. Waitzfelder, B. Yi-Frazier, J. TI Diabetes-related quality of life and glycaemic control among youth with type 1 diabetes SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-Diabetes CY SEP 30-OCT 02, 2009 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP European Assoc Study Diabet C1 [Lawrence, J. M.] Kaiser Permanente, Pasadena, CA USA. [Anderson, A.] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Imperatore, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mayer-Davis, E. J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Seid, M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp & Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Waitzfelder, B.] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Yi-Frazier, J.] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD SEP PY 2009 VL 52 MA 53 BP S28 EP S29 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 487HK UT WOS:000269262400054 ER PT J AU Cheng, CKY Cowling, BJ Chan, KH Fang, VJ Seto, WH Yung, R Uyeki, TM Houck, PM Peiris, JSM Leung, GM AF Cheng, Calvin K. Y. Cowling, Benjamin J. Chan, Kwok Hung Fang, Vicky J. Seto, Wing Hong Yung, Raymond Uyeki, Timothy M. Houck, Peter M. Peiris, J. S. Malik Leung, Gabriel M. TI Factors affecting QuickVue Influenza A plus B rapid test performance in the community setting SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Human influenza; Immunoassay; Diagnostic tests; Sensitivity; Specificity; Viral load ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; VIRAL CULTURE; RESPIRATORY VIRUSES; ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT; CHILDREN; DIAGNOSIS; ACCURACY; IMMUNOASSAY; INFECTIONS AB Rapid diagnosis of influenza can facilitate timely clinical management. We evaluated the performance of the QuickVue Influenza A + B test (Quidel, San Diego, CA) in a community setting and investigated the factors affecting test sensitivity. We recruited 1008 subjects from 30 outpatient clinics in Hong Kong between February and September 2007. Each subject provided 2 pooled pairs of nose and throat swabs; 1 pair was tested by the QuickVue rapid test on site, and the other pair was sent to a laboratory for reference tests. Among 998 enrolled subjects with valid results, the rapid test had overall sensitivity of 0.68 and specificity of 0.96 compared with viral culture. Sensitivity for both influenza A and B was significantly higher for specimens with viral loads greater than 5 log(10) copies/mL. The QuickVue Influenza A + B test has similar sensitivity in point-of-care community settings to more controlled conditions. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Cheng, Calvin K. Y.; Cowling, Benjamin J.; Fang, Vicky J.; Leung, Gabriel M.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Community Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Calvin K. Y.; Cowling, Benjamin J.; Fang, Vicky J.; Leung, Gabriel M.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Chan, Kwok Hung; Peiris, J. S. Malik] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Microbiol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Seto, Wing Hong] Hosp Author, Queen Mary Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Yung, Raymond] Govt Hong Kong SAR, Dept Hlth, Ctr Hlth Protect, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Houck, Peter M.] CDC, Seattle Quarantine Stn, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, NCPDCID, Seattle, WA 98158 USA. RP Cowling, BJ (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Dept Community Med, 21 Sassoon Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM bcowling@hku.hk RI Cowling, Benjamin/C-4263-2009 OI Cowling, Benjamin/0000-0002-6297-7154 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1 U01 C1000439-01]; Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Disease; Food and Health Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong [HKU-AA-22]; Area of Excellence Scheme of the Hong Kong University [AoE/M-12/06] FX This work has received financial support from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant no. 1 U01 C1000439-01), the Research Fund for the Control of Infectious Disease, Food and Health Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong SAR (grant no. HKU-AA-22), and the Area of Excellence Scheme of the Hong Kong University Grants Committee (grant no. AoE/M-12/06). NR 29 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 65 IS 1 BP 35 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2009.05.003 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 487AT UT WOS:000269243400006 PM 19679233 ER PT J AU Rondinelli, AJ Ouellet, LJ Strathdee, SA Latka, MH Hudson, SM Hagan, H Garfein, RS AF Rondinelli, Amanda J. Ouellet, Lawrence J. Strathdee, Steffanie A. Latka, Mary H. Hudson, Sharon M. Hagan, Holly Garfein, Richard S. TI Young adult injection drug users in the United States continue to practice HIV risk behaviors SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE Young injection drug users; HIV; Risk behaviors; Methamphetamine ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NEW-YORK-CITY; US METROPOLITAN-AREAS; SEXUAL RISK; METHAMPHETAMINE USE; SAN-FRANCISCO; SMOKE CRACK; INFECTION; MEN; ASSOCIATION AB Background: Injection drug users (IDUs) are at risk of acquiring HIV through injection and sexual practices. Methods: We analyzed data collected in five U.S. cities between 2002 and 2004 to identify correlates of HIV infection among 3285 IDUs ages 15-30 years. Results: Overall, HIV prevalence was 2.8% (95% CI 2.3-3.4), ranging from 0.8% in Chicago to 6.3% in Los Angeles. Mean age was 24 years, 70% were male, 64% non-Hispanic (NH) white, 7% NH black, 17% Hispanic, and 12% were other/mixed race. HIV infection was independently associated with: race/ethnicity (NH black [AOR 4.1,95% CI 1.9-9.1], Hispanic [AOR 3.6,95% CI 1.5-8.4], or other/mixed [AOR 2.3,95% CI 1.1-5.2] vs. NH white); males who only had sex with males compared to males who only had sex with females (AOR 15.3, 95% CI 6.8-34.5); injecting methamphetamine alone or with heroin compared to heroin only (AOR 4.0, 95% CI 1.7-9.7); reporting inconsistent means of obtaining income compared to regular jobs (AOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1-4.8); and having a history of exchanging sex for money/drugs (AOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.5-5.2). Conclusions: More than two decades after injection and sexual practices were identified as risk factors for HIV infection, these behaviors remain common among young IDUs. While racial/ethnic disparities persist, methamphetamine may be replacing cocaine as the drug most associated with HIV seropositivity. HIV prevention interventions targeting young IDUs and address both sexual and injection practices are needed. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Garfein, Richard S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Global Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Sch Med, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [Rondinelli, Amanda J.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Ouellet, Lawrence J.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat MC 923, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Latka, Mary H.] Aurum Inst Hlth Res, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. [Hudson, Sharon M.] Hlth Res Assoc, Hollywood, CA 90038 USA. [Hagan, Holly] Natl Dev & Res Inst, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Garfein, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Garfein, RS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Div Global Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Sch Med, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mailstop 0507, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. EM rgarfein@ucsd.edu FU PHS HHS [U64/CCU017615, U64/CCU517656, 64/CCU217659, U64/CCU317662, U64/CCU917655] NR 32 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 104 IS 1-2 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.05.013 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 478TK UT WOS:000268611000023 PM 19559543 ER PT J AU Mehla, R Kumar, SRP Yadav, P Barde, PV Yergolkar, PN Erickson, BR Carroll, SA Mishra, AC Nichol, ST Mourya, DT AF Mehla, Rajeev Kumar, Sandeep R. P. Yadav, Pragya Barde, Pradip V. Yergolkar, Prasanna N. Erickson, Bobbie R. Carroll, Serena A. Mishra, Akhilesh C. Nichol, Stuart T. Mourya, Devendra T. TI Recent Ancestry of Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER VIRUS; SAUDI-ARABIA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENIES; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; FLAVIVIRUSES; TICK; EVOLUTION AB Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV) is enzootic to India and maintained in ticks, mammals, and birds. It causes severe febrile illness in humans and was first recognized in 1957 associated with a high number of deaths among monkeys in Kyasanur Forest. Genetic analysis of 48 viruses isolated in India during 1957-2006 showed low diversity (1.2%). Bayesian coalescence analysis of these sequences and those of KFDVs from Saudi Arabia and the People's Republic of China estimated that KFDVs have evolved at a mean rate of approximate to 6.4 x 10(-4) substitutions/site/year, which is similar to rates estimated for mosquito-borne flaviviruses. KFDVs were estimated to have shared a common ancestor in approximate to 1942, fifteen years before identification of the disease in India. These data are consistent with the view that KFD represented a newly emerged disease when first recognized. Recent common ancestry of KFDVs from India and Saudi Arabia, despite their large geographic separation, indicates long-range movement of virus, possibly by birds. C1 [Mehla, Rajeev; Kumar, Sandeep R. P.; Yadav, Pragya; Barde, Pradip V.; Yergolkar, Prasanna N.; Mishra, Akhilesh C.; Mourya, Devendra T.] Natl Inst Virol, Pune 411021, Maharashtra, India. [Erickson, Bobbie R.; Carroll, Serena A.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mourya, DT (reprint author), Natl Inst Virol, Microbial Containment Complex,Sus Rd, Pune 411021, Maharashtra, India. EM mouryadt@icmr.org.in FU Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India FX We thank the staff at the virus repository, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India, for providing Iyophilized virus stocks; the staff of the Virus Diagnostic Laboratory, Shimoga, India, for providing serum samples; the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India, for a senior research fellowship; and Craig Manning for creating the map. NR 34 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2009 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1431 EP 1437 DI 10.3201/eid1509.080759 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 490NK UT WOS:000269507500013 PM 19788811 ER PT J AU Klevens, RM Miller, J Vonderwahl, C Speers, S Alelis, K Sweet, K Rocchio, E Poissant, T Vogt, TM Gallagher, K AF Klevens, R. Monina Miller, Jeremy Vonderwahl, Candace Speers, Suzanne Alelis, Karen Sweet, Kristin Rocchio, Elena Poissant, Tasha Vogt, Tara M. Gallagher, Kathleen TI Population-based Surveillance for Hepatitis C Virus, United States, 2006-2007 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; INFECTION AB Surveillance for hepatitis C virus infection in 6 US sites identified 20,285 newly reported cases in 12 months (report rate 69 cases/100,000 population, range 25-108/100,000). Staff reviewed 4 laboratory reports per new case. Local surveillance data can document the effects of disease, support linkage to care, and help prevent secondary transmission. C1 [Klevens, R. Monina; Miller, Jeremy; Vogt, Tara M.; Gallagher, Kathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Vonderwahl, Candace] Colorado Dept Hlth, Denver, CO 80220 USA. [Speers, Suzanne] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Alelis, Karen] Florida Hlth Dept Pinellas Cty, St Petersburg, FL USA. [Sweet, Kristin] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Rocchio, Elena] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Poissant, Tasha] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. RP Klevens, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rmk2@cdc.gov OI Poissant, Tasha/0000-0003-4407-272X NR 13 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2009 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1499 EP 1502 DI 10.3201/eid1509.081050 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 490NK UT WOS:000269507500028 PM 19788825 ER PT J AU Schultz, MG Morens, DM AF Schultz, Myron G. Morens, David M. TI Charles-Jules-Henri Nicolle SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Schultz, Myron G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Morens, David M.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Schultz, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM mgs1@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2009 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1520 EP 1522 DI 10.3201/eid1509.090891 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 490NK UT WOS:000269507500034 ER PT J AU Aguilar, PV Camargo, W Vargas, J Guevara, C Roca, Y Felices, V Laguna-Torres, VA Tesh, R Ksiazek, TG Kochel, TJ AF Aguilar, Patricia V. Camargo, Wilfredo Vargas, Jorge Guevara, Carolina Roca, Yelin Felices, Vidal Alberto Laguna-Torres, V. Tesh, Robert Ksiazek, Thomas G. Kochel, Tadeusz J. TI Reemergence of Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever, 2007-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; VIRUS C1 [Aguilar, Patricia V.; Guevara, Carolina; Felices, Vidal; Alberto Laguna-Torres, V.; Kochel, Tadeusz J.] USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Vargas, Jorge; Roca, Yelin] Ctr Nacl Enfermedades Trop, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [Camargo, Wilfredo] El Serv Dept Salud, Beni, Bolivia. [Tesh, Robert] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX USA. [Ksiazek, Thomas G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Aguilar, PV (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, 3230 Lima Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA. EM patricia.aguilar@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 8 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2009 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1526 EP 1528 DI 10.3201/eid1509.090017 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 490NK UT WOS:000269507500037 PM 19788833 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Never Has There Been a Shade SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2009 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1541 EP 1542 DI 10.3201/eid1509.000000 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 490NK UT WOS:000269507500044 ER PT J AU Carwile, JL Luu, HT Bassett, LS Driscoll, DA Yuan, C Chang, JY Ye, XY Calafat, AM Michels, KB AF Carwile, Jenny L. Luu, Henry T. Bassett, Laura S. Driscoll, Daniel A. Yuan, Caterina Chang, Jennifer Y. Ye, Xiaoyun Calafat, Antonia M. Michels, Karin B. TI Polycarbonate Bottle Use and Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE biomarkers; bisphenol A; endocrine disruptors; human; polycarbonate plastic ID ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS; EXPOSURE; POPULATION; XENOESTROGENS; RECEPTOR AB BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high-production-volume chemical commonly used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic. Low-level concentrations of BPA in animals and possibly in humans may cause endocrine disruption. Whether ingestion of food or beverages from polycarbonate containers increases BPA concentrations in humans has not been studied. OBJECTIVES: We examined the association between use of polycarbonate beverage containers and urinary BPA concentrations in humans. METHODS: We conducted a nonrandomized intervention of 77 Harvard College students to compare urinary BPA concentrations collected after a washout phase of I week to those taken after an intervention week during which most cold beverages were consumed from polycarbonate drinking bottles. Paired t-tests were used to assess the difference in urinary BPA concentrations before and after polycarbonate bottle use. RESULTS: The geometric mean urinary BPA concentration at the end of the washout phase was 1.2 mu g/g creatinine, increasing to 2.0 mu g/g creatinine after 1 week of polycarbonate bottle use. Urinary BPA concentrations increased by 69% after use of polycarbonate bottles (p < 0.0001). The association was stronger among participants who reported 90% compliance (77% increase; p < 0.0001) than among those reporting < 90% compliance (55% increase; p = 0.03), but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.54). CONCLUSIONS: One week of polycarbonate bottle use increased urinary BPA concentrations by two-thirds. Regular consumption of cold beverages from polycarbonate bottles is associated with a substantial increase in urinary BPA concentrations irrespective of exposure to BPA from other sources. C1 [Michels, Karin B.] Harvard Univ, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Biol, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med,Obstet & Gynecol Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02116 USA. [Carwile, Jenny L.; Michels, Karin B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Luu, Henry T.; Bassett, Laura S.; Driscoll, Daniel A.; Yuan, Caterina; Chang, Jennifer Y.] Harvard Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Harvard Coll, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ye, Xiaoyun; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Michels, KB (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Biol, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med,Obstet & Gynecol Epidemiol Ctr, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02116 USA. EM kmichels@rics.bwh.harvard.edu OI Driscoll, Daniel/0000-0003-4449-8990 FU Harvard University Center for the Environment; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Biological Analysis Core; Department of Environmental Health; Harvard School of Public Health; Training Program in Environmental Epidemiology [T32 ES07069] FX This project was supported by a Harvard University Center for the Environment faculty research grant to K.B.M. and by funds from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Biological Analysis Core, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health to K.B.M. J.L.C. was supported by the Training Program in Environmental Epidemiology under grant T32 ES07069. NR 35 TC 92 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 24 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 117 IS 9 BP 1368 EP 1372 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900604 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 490EE UT WOS:000269479900023 PM 19750099 ER PT J AU Toms, LML Sjodin, A Harden, F Hobson, P Jones, R Edenfield, E Mueller, JF AF Toms, Leisa-Maree L. Sjoedin, Andreas Harden, Fiona Hobson, Peter Jones, Richard Edenfield, Emily Mueller, Jochen F. TI Serum Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Levels Are Higher in Children (2-5 Years of Age) than in Infants and Adults SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE Australia; children; cord blood; human blood serum; PBDEs; polybrominated diphenyl ethers ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; BREAST-MILK; FLAME RETARDANTS; TEMPORAL TRENDS; HUMAN EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; FETAL BLOOD; HOUSE-DUST; POPULATION; CONTAMINANTS AB BACKGROUND: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as flame retardants in many products and have been detected in human samples worldwide. Limited data show that concentrations are elevated in young children. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between PBDEs and age with an emphasis on young children from Australia in 2005-2007. METHODS: We collected human blood serum samples (n = 2,420), which we stratified by age and sex and pooled for analysis of PBDEs. RESULTS: The sum of BDE-47, -99, -100, and -153 concentrations (Sigma(4)PBDE) increased from 0-0.5 years (mean +/- SD, 14 +/- 3.4 ng/g lipid) to peak at 2.6-3 years (51 +/- 36 ng/g lipid; p < 0.001) and then decreased until 31-45 years (9.9 +/- 1.6 ng/g lipid). We observed no further significant decrease among ages 31-45, 45-60 (p = 0.964), or > 60 years (p = 0.894). The mean Sigma(4)PBDE concentration in cord blood (24 +/- 14 ng/g lipid) did not differ significantly from that in adult serum at ages 15-30 (p = 0.198) or 31-45 years (p = 0.140). We found no temporal trend when we compared the present results with Australian PBDE data from 2002-2005. PBDE concentrations were higher in males than in females; however, this difference reached statistical significance only for BDE-153 (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The observed peak concentration at 2.6-3 years of age is later than the period when breast-feeding is typically ceased. This suggests that in addition to the exposure via human milk, young children have higher exposure to these chemicals and/or a lower capacity to eliminate them. C1 [Toms, Leisa-Maree L.; Mueller, Jochen F.] Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia. [Sjoedin, Andreas; Jones, Richard; Edenfield, Emily] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harden, Fiona] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Life Sci, Gardens Point, Qld, Australia. [Hobson, Peter] Sullivan Nicolaides Pathol, Taringa, Qld, Australia. RP Toms, LML (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia. EM l.toms@uq.edu.au RI Mueller, Jochen/C-6241-2008; Toms, Leisa-Maree/C-9530-2009; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010; Harden, Fiona/C-2450-2011; OI Toms, Leisa-Maree/0000-0002-1444-1638; Harden, Fiona/0000-0003-4831-2292; Mueller, Jochen/0000-0002-0000-1973 NR 57 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 25 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 117 IS 9 BP 1461 EP 1465 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900596 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 490EE UT WOS:000269479900038 PM 19750114 ER PT J AU McGlynn, KA Guo, XG Graubard, BI Brock, JW Klebanoff, MA Longnecker, MP AF McGlynn, Katherine A. Guo, Xuguang Graubard, Barry I. Brock, John W. Klebanoff, Mark A. Longnecker, Matthew P. TI Maternal Pregnancy Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Risk of Hypospadias and Cryptorchidism in Male Offspring SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cryptorchidism; hypospadias; polychlorinated biphenyls; testicular dysgenesis syndrome ID MALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION; HUMAN SEMEN QUALITY; DIOXIN-LIKE PCBS; ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINANTS; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; HUMAN-MILK; DIBENZOFURANS; POPULATION; FERTILITY; CONGENERS AB BACKGROUND: The etiologies of the male urogenital anomalies cryptorchidism and hypospadias are poorly understood. It has been suggested, however, that in utero hormone levels may be related to risk. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds, may alter hormone levels and thereby affect the fetus. OBJECTIVES: To examine whether in utero PCB exposure is related to cryptorchidism and hypospadias, we examined PCB levels among pregnant women enrolled in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). METHODS: The CPP enrolled pregnant women at 12 U.S. medical centers between 1959 and 1965. For the present research, we analyzed third-trimester serum samples from the mothers of 230 sons with cryptorchidism, 201 sons with hypospadias, and 593 sons with neither condition. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using logistic regression and examined the associations of each anomaly with individual PCB congener levels, sum of PCBs, and several functional groupings of PCBs. RESULTS: In general, the ORs for cryptorchidism or hypospadias showed no notable associations with individual PCB congener levels or functional groupings of PCBs. However, the ORs and 95% CIs for the sum of PCBs associated with hypospadias were as follows: 0-1.9 mu g/L, reference group; 2-2.9 mu g/L, OR = 1.57, 95% Cl, 1.05-2.34; 3-3.9 mu g/L, OR = 1.45, 95% Cl, 0.90-2.34; and >= 4.0 mu g/L, OR = 1.69, 95% Cl, 1.06-2.68; p-value for trend = 0.08. CONCLUSIONS: Given the large number of associations examined, these findings do not strongly support the hypothesis that PCBs are associated with cryptorchidism or hypospadias. Because population serum PCB levels at the time of sample collection were considerably higher than levels at present, it is unlikely that current PCB exposure is related to the development of either anomaly. C1 [McGlynn, Katherine A.] NCI, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Guo, Xuguang] Westat Corp, Durham, NC USA. [Brock, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Klebanoff, Mark A.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD USA. [Longnecker, Matthew P.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP McGlynn, KA (reprint author), NCI, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, EPS Suite 550,6120 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM mcglynnk@mail.nih.gov OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322 FU Intramural Research Programs of the National Cancer Institute; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (NIH); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Support for this research was provided by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Cancer Institute, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 42 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 117 IS 9 BP 1472 EP 1476 DI 10.1289/ehp.0800389 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 490EE UT WOS:000269479900040 PM 19750116 ER PT J AU Bugarski, AD Schnakenberg, GH Hummer, JA Cauda, E Janisko, SJ Patts, LD AF Bugarski, Aleksandar D. Schnakenberg, George H., Jr. Hummer, Jon A. Cauda, Emanuele Janisko, Samuel J. Patts, Larry D. TI Effects of Diesel Exhaust Aftertreatment Devices on Concentrations and Size Distribution of Aerosols in Underground Mine Air SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICLE EMISSIONS; VEHICLE AB Three types of uncatalyzed diesel particulate filter (DPF) systems, three types of high-temperature disposable filter elements (DFEs), and one diesel oxidation catalytic converter (DOC) were evaluated in underground mine conditions for their effects on the concentrations and size distributions of diesel aerosols. Those effects were compared with the effects of a standard muffler. The experimental work was conducted directly in an underground environment using a unique diesel laboratory developed in an underground experimental mine. The DPF systems reduced total mass of aerosols in the mine air approximately 10-fold for light-load and 20-fold or more for high-load test conditions. The DFEs offered similar reductions in aerosol mass concentrations. The efficiency of the new DFEs significantly increased with accumulation of operating time and buildup of diesel particulate matter in the porous structure of the filter elements. A single laundering process did not exhibit substantial effects on performance of the filter element The effectiveness of DPFs and DFEs in removing aerosols by number was strongly influenced by engine operating mode. The concentrations of nucleation mode aerosols in the mine air were found to be substantially higher for both DPFs and DFEs when the engine was operated at high-load modes than at low-load modes. The effects of the DOC on mass and number concentrations of aerosols in mine air were relatively minor when compared to those of the DPF and DFE systems. C1 [Bugarski, Aleksandar D.; Schnakenberg, George H., Jr.; Hummer, Jon A.; Cauda, Emanuele; Janisko, Samuel J.; Patts, Larry D.] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Publ Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Pittsburgh Res Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Bugarski, AD (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Publ Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Pittsburgh Res Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM abugarski@cdc.gov RI Cauda, Emanuele/A-7168-2011 NR 23 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 43 IS 17 BP 6737 EP 6743 DI 10.1021/es9006355 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 487GB UT WOS:000269258000050 PM 19764243 ER PT J AU Keim, SA Branum, AM Klebanoff, MA Zemel, BS AF Keim, Sarah A. Branum, Amy M. Klebanoff, Mark A. Zemel, Babette S. TI Maternal Body Mass Index and Daughters' Age at Menarche SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; ADOLESCENT GIRLS; BREAST-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; PUBERTY; GROWTH; CHILDREN; HEIGHT; WOMEN AB Background: The role of intergenerational influences on age at menarche has not been explored far beyond the association between mothers' and daughters' menarcheal ages. Small size at birth and childhood obesity have been associated with younger age at menarche, but the influence of maternal overweight or obesity on daughters' age at menarche has not been thoroughly examined. Methods: In a follow-up study of the prospective Collaborative Perinatal Project, grown daughters were asked in 1987-1991 for their age at menarche. Data from the original Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959-1966) included their mothers' height and prepregnancy weight. In the follow-up study, 597 of 627 daughters had complete menarche and maternal data available and were included in the present analysis. We used polytomous logistic regression to examine the association between maternal overweight (body mass index [BMI] = 25-29.9 km/m(2)) or obesity (BMI >= 30) and daughter's age at menarche (<= 12, 12, 13, 14 + years). Results: Compared with those whose mothers had a BMI less than 25, daughters of obese mothers experienced younger age at menarche (OR for menarche at <= 12 years = 3.1 [1.1-9.2]). This association remained after adjusting for maternal age at menarche, maternal parity, socioeconomic status, race, and study site (OR = 3.3 [1.1-10.0]). Effect estimates for maternal overweight were close to the null. There was limited evidence of mediation by small for gestational age or BMI at age 7. Conclusions: Maternal obesity is associated with younger menarcheal age among daughters in this study, possibly via unmeasured shared factors. C1 [Keim, Sarah A.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Natl Childrens Study Program Off, Bethesda, MD USA. [Keim, Sarah A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Branum, Amy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Branum, Amy M.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Klebanoff, Mark A.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Zemel, Babette S.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Keim, SA (reprint author), 6100 Execut Blvd,Suite 3A01, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM Keim@nih.gov RI Zemel, Babette/D-1117-2009; Keim, Sarah/F-8929-2013 OI Keim, Sarah/0000-0003-3490-3649 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 HD000334-21]; NICHD NIH HHS [N01-HD-7-2909] NR 40 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD SEP PY 2009 VL 20 IS 5 BP 677 EP 681 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181b093ce PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 485EJ UT WOS:000269103500011 PM 19602980 ER PT J AU Darrow, LA Klein, M Flanders, WD Waller, LA Correa, A Marcus, M Mulholland, JA Russell, AG Tolbert, PE AF Darrow, Lyndsey A. Klein, Mitchel Flanders, W. Dana Waller, Lance A. Correa, Adolfo Marcus, Michele Mulholland, James A. Russell, Armistead G. Tolbert, Paige E. TI Ambient Air Pollution and Preterm Birth A Time-series Analysis SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOS-ANGELES-COUNTY; OF-THE-LITERATURE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; GESTATIONAL-AGE; CALIFORNIA; EXPOSURES; HEALTH; POLLUTANTS; AUSTRALIA AB Background: An emerging body of evidence suggests that ambient levels of air Pollution during pregnancy are associated with preterm birth. Methods: To further investigate these relationships we used vital record data to construct a retrospective cohort of 476,489 births occurring between 1994 and 2004 in 5 central counties of metropolitan Atlanta. Using a time-series approach, we examined aggregated daily counts of preterm birth in relation to ambient levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, particulate matter <10 mu m in diameter (PM(10)), particulate matter <2.5 mu m in diameter (PM(2.5)), and speciated PM measurements. Daily pollutant levels in 5-country Atlanta were characterized using a population-weighted spatial average of air quality monitors in the study area. We also examined ambient concentrations at individual monitors in analyses limited to mothers with residential geocodes within 4 miles of each monitor. Relationships between average pollution levels during 3 gestational windows of interest were modeled using Poisson generalized linear models. Results were adjusted for seasonal and long-term time trends. Results: Although most results were null, there were 3 positive associations between ambient pollution levels and preterm birth in the 4-mile capture-area analyses. Daily preterm birth rates were associated with average NO(2) concentrations in the preceding 6 weeks and with average PM(2.5) sulfate and PM(2.5) water-soluble metal concentrations in the preceding week. Conclusions: Results provide limited support for late-pregnancy effects of ambient air pollution on preterm birth. C1 [Darrow, Lyndsey A.; Klein, Mitchel; Flanders, W. Dana; Waller, Lance A.; Marcus, Michele; Tolbert, Paige E.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mulholland, James A.; Russell, Armistead G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Darrow, LA (reprint author), 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM ldarrow@sph.emory.edu RI Correa, Adolfo /E-7883-2011; Tolbert, Paige/A-5676-2015; Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015 OI Correa, Adolfo /0000-0002-9501-600X; FU United States Environmental Protection Agency; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH [R01-ES-012967-02S2A1] FX Supported by the STAR Fellowship Program of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, and grant number R01-ES-012967-02S2A1 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH. NR 32 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD SEP PY 2009 VL 20 IS 5 BP 689 EP 698 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181a7128f PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 485EJ UT WOS:000269103500014 PM 19478670 ER PT J AU Darrow, LA Strickland, MJ Klein, M Waller, LA Flanders, WD Correa, A Marcus, M Tolbert, PE AF Darrow, Lyndsey A. Strickland, Matthew J. Klein, Mitchel Waller, Lance A. Flanders, W. Dana Correa, Adolfo Marcus, Michele Tolbert, Paige E. TI Seasonality of Birth and Implications for Temporal Studies of Preterm Birth SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN-REPRODUCTION; HUMAN-FERTILITY; AIR-POLLUTION; ANNUAL RHYTHM; PREGNANCY; PATTERNS; LONDON AB Background: A strength of time-series analyses is the inherent control of individual-level risk factors that do not vary temporally. However, in studies of adverse pregnancy outcomes, risk factors considered time-invariant at the individual level may vary seasonally when aggregated into a pregnancy risk set. To illustrate, we describe the seasonal patterns of birth in Atlanta and demonstrate how these patterns could lead to confounding in time-series studies of seasonally-varying exposures and preterm birth. Methods: The study cohort included all births in 20-county metropolitan Atlanta delivered during the period 1994-2004 (n = 715,875). We assessed the seasonal patterns of estimated conception and birth for the full cohort and for subgroups stratified by sociodemographic factors. Based on the observed patterns, we quantified the degree of potential confounding created by (1) differences in the gestational age distribution in the risk set across calendar months and (2) differences in the sociodemographic composition of the risk set across calendar months. Results: The overall seasonal pattern of birth was characterized by a peak in August-September and troughs in April-May and November-January. Seasonal patterns differed among racial and ethnic groups, maternal education levels, and marital status. As a consequence of these seasonal patterns, systematic seasonal differences in the gestational age distribution and the sociodemographic composition of the risk set led to differences in expected rates of preterm birth across calendar months. Conclusions: Time-series investigations of seasonally-varying exposures and adverse pregnancy outcomes should consider the potential for bias due to seasonal heterogeneity in the risk set. C1 [Darrow, Lyndsey A.; Strickland, Matthew J.; Klein, Mitchel; Waller, Lance A.; Flanders, W. Dana; Marcus, Michele; Tolbert, Paige E.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Strickland, Matthew J.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Darrow, LA (reprint author), Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM ldarrow@sph.emory.edu RI Tolbert, Paige/A-5676-2015; Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; United States Environmental Protection Agency [R01-ES-012967-02S2A1] FX Supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH for the STAR Fellowship Program of the United States Environmental Protection Agency grants (R01-ES-012967-02S2A1). NR 27 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD SEP PY 2009 VL 20 IS 5 BP 699 EP 706 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181a66e96 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 485EJ UT WOS:000269103500015 PM 19535987 ER PT J AU Malik, S Vranken, P Silio, M Ratard, R Van Dyke, R AF Malik, S. Vranken, P. Silio, M. Ratard, R. Van Dyke, R. TI Prevalence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization outside the healthcare environment SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Community-associated; methicillin resistance; prevalence; Staphylococcus aureus ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; RISK-FACTORS; CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK; ALASKA AB Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections are increasingly recognized in persons without established risk factors. Population-based prevalence studies of CA-MRSA colonization in persons without risk factors are relatively limited. Subjects aged 2-65 years were enrolled from a student recreation Centre, public office building, and out-patient clinics. Persons or close contacts with a history of hospitalization, nursing-home residence, surgery, emergency-department visit, or healthcare employment during the previous year and persons with chronic debilitating illness, indwelling catheter, or surgical device were excluded. Swabs of anterior nares were obtained. Demographic and clinical information was collected. During January-June 2005, three (1.2%) of 259 subjects were colonized with MRSA. All three subjects were adults enrolled at the recreation Centre. Healthy persons living in households without recent exposure to healthcare environments were at low risk for MRSA colonization. Studies from other geographic locations are needed to elucidate differences in prevalence of CA-MRSA. C1 [Malik, S.; Silio, M.; Van Dyke, R.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Vranken, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vranken, P.; Ratard, R.] Louisiana Off Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Malik, S (reprint author), 518 Durham St, Bastrop, LA 71220 USA. EM shahzadmalik@hotmail.com NR 21 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 137 IS 9 BP 1237 EP 1241 DI 10.1017/S0950268809002222 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 487NM UT WOS:000269281400003 PM 19257914 ER PT J AU Lowe, BD Krieg, EF AF Lowe, Brian D. Krieg, Edward F. TI Relationships between observational estimates and physical measurements of upper limb activity (vol 52, pg 569, 2009) SO ERGONOMICS LA English DT Correction C1 [Lowe, Brian D.; Krieg, Edward F.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Lowe, BD (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM blowe@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-0139 J9 ERGONOMICS JI Ergonomics PD SEP PY 2009 VL 52 IS 9 BP 1183 EP 1183 DI 10.1080/00140130903148761 PG 1 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Engineering; Psychology GA 492VZ UT WOS:000269691800014 ER PT J AU Bethel, JW Waterman, SH AF Bethel, Jeffrey W. Waterman, Stephen H. TI KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES REGARDING INFLUENZA PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES AMONG HISPANICS IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY-2006 SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Hispanic; Latino; Influenza; Immigrant; Vaccination; Knowledge; Awareness; Practices ID UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; EPIDEMICS; COMMUNITY; ADULTS AB Background: Influenza vaccination is the most effective method to avoid influenza virus infection and its potential serious complications; however, influenza vaccine is underutilized especially among minority groups. Objectives: We assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding influenza prevention and control measures among Hispanics in San Diego County. Methods: We used a multistage cluster sampling scheme to administer an in-person, door-to-door KAP survey to 226 Hispanics aged >= 18 years in three regions of San Diego County during July-August 2006. Results: Hispanics in the three regions sampled for this survey varied widely by age, country of birth, years living in the United States, number of border crossings in previous month, and number of people in household. Awareness of the influenza vaccine was nearly 90% among survey respondents. The percentage of Hispanic males and females aged 50-64 years who received an influenza vaccination in the previous 12 months was 7.7% and 23.5%, respectively, and the percentage of Hispanic males and females aged >= 65 years who received an influenza vaccination in the previous 12 months was 33.3% and 59.1%, respectively. Conclusions: This survey showed high awareness of the influenza vaccine among Hispanics in San Diego County but relatively low vaccination rates among respondents aged >= 50 years, a group targeted for influenza vaccination. Differences in awareness and vaccination rates between Hispanic males and females across all age groups indicate that educational outreach efforts should specifically target Hispanic men. (Ethn Dis. 2009;19:377-383) C1 [Bethel, Jeffrey W.] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. [Bethel, Jeffrey W.; Waterman, Stephen H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, San Diego, CA USA. RP Bethel, JW (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Hardy Bldg,600 Moye Blvd, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. EM bethelj@ecu.edu NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD FAL PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 BP 377 EP 383 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 530XA UT WOS:000272624700001 PM 20073136 ER PT J AU Moonesinghe, R Jones, W Honore, PA Truman, BI Graham, G AF Moonesinghe, Ramal Jones, Walter Honore, Peggy A. Truman, Benedict I. Graham, Garth TI GENOMIC MEDICINE AND RACIAL/ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES: PROMISES, PERILS, AND THE CHALLENGES FOR HEALTH CARE AND PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Genomic Medicine; Allele Frequency; Healthcare Disparity; Genetic Tests ID BIOMEDICAL-RESEARCH; RACE; GENETICS; HISTORY; WILL AB Scientific and policy debates following new genetic discoveries have been intense and emotional when they have involved questions about the causes of, and solutions for, racial and ethnic health disparities in the United States. The difference in prevalence of diseases, allele frequency and genotype frequency among racial/ethnic groups are well known. The genomic profile for a given disease could have different genetic variants for different racial/ethnic groups. Do these results indicate that we have to consider different genetic tests and different genomic medicine for different racial/ethnic groups? If we do this, what is the impact on ethnic and class disparities in health care services in the United States? Current advances in genetic medicine are very promising; however, we must consider the possible impacts of these findings on health disparities, and how genetic medicine can be extended to everyone, not just those who can pay the often high price. If genomic medicine is to be a valid and reliable technology for all citizens regardless of wealth, race, ethnicity, or other determinants of social disadvantage, public health policymakers have to consider a number of policy issues and implications. (Ethn Dis. 2009;19:473-478) C1 [Honore, Peggy A.; Graham, Garth] US Dept HHS, Off Publ Hlth & Sci, Off Minor Hlth, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Moonesinghe, Ramal; Truman, Benedict I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Walter] Med Univ S Caroline, Coll Hlth Profess, Columbia, SC USA. RP Honore, PA (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Off Publ Hlth & Sci, Off Minor Hlth, 1101 Wootton Pkwy,Suite 600, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM Peggy.Honore@hhs.gov NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD FAL PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 BP 473 EP 478 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 530XA UT WOS:000272624700016 PM 20073151 ER PT J AU Lee, E Stone, GW Mehran, R Cox, DA Bertrand, ME Lincoff, AM Ohman, EM White, HD Hooper, WC Dangas, GD AF Lee, E. Stone, G. W. Mehran, R. Cox, D. A. Bertrand, M. E. Lincoff, A. M. Ohman, E. M. White, H. D. Hooper, W. C. Dangas, G. D. TI The predictive value of CRP on 30-Day and 1-year mortality in acute coronary syndromes: An analysis from the ACUITY trial SO EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lee, E.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Stone, G. W.; Mehran, R.; Dangas, G. D.] Cardiovasc Res Fdn, New York, NY USA. [Bertrand, M. E.] CHRU Lille, Hop Cardiol, Lille, France. [Lincoff, A. M.] Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Ohman, E. M.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [White, H. D.] Auckland City Hosp, Auckland, New Zealand. [Hooper, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0195-668X J9 EUR HEART J JI Eur. Heart J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 30 SU 1 BP 619 EP 619 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA V28TH UT WOS:000208702605118 ER PT J AU Arras, JD Fenton, EM AF Arras, John D. Fenton, Elizabeth M. TI ACCESS TO HEALTH-RELATED GOODS SO HASTINGS CENTER REPORT LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-RIGHTS; TRIALS; STEPS; CARE C1 [Arras, John D.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Arras, John D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Eth Comm, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Arras, JD (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU HASTINGS CENTER PI BRIARCLIFF MANOR PA 255 ELM ROAD, BRIARCLIFF MANOR, NY 10510 USA SN 0093-0334 J9 HASTINGS CENT REP JI Hastings Cent. Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 39 IS 5 BP 27 EP 38 PG 12 WC Ethics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Ethics; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Ethics; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 499JF UT WOS:000270215000019 PM 19806778 ER PT J AU Finkelstein, EA Trogdon, JG Cohen, JW Dietz, W AF Finkelstein, Eric A. Trogdon, Justin G. Cohen, Joel W. Dietz, William TI Annual Medical Spending Attributable To Obesity: Payer- And Service-Specific Estimates SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article AB In 1998 the medical costs of obesity were estimated to be as high as $ 78.5 billion, with roughly half financed by Medicare and Medicaid. This analysis presents updated estimates of the costs of obesity for the United States across payers (Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurers), in separate categories for inpatient, non-inpatient, and prescription drug spending. We found that the increased prevalence of obesity is responsible for almost $ 40 billion of increased medical spending through 2006, including $ 7 billion in Medicare prescription drug costs. We estimate that the medical costs of obesity could have risen to $ 147 billion per year by 2008. [Health Affairs 28, no. 5 (2009): w822-w831 (published online 27 July 2009; 10.1377/hlthaff.28.5.w822)] C1 [Finkelstein, Eric A.; Trogdon, Justin G.] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Cohen, Joel W.] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Div Social & Econ Res, Ctr Financing Access & Cost Trends, Rockville, MD USA. [Dietz, William] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Finkelstein, EA (reprint author), RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM finkelse@rti.org FU CDC Foundation FX Eric Finkelstein and Justin Trogdon received external support for this work through a contract with the CDC Foundation. The authors thank Charles Feagan for his research assistance. NR 9 TC 848 Z9 860 U1 13 U2 95 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 28 IS 5 BP W822 EP W831 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.28.5.w822 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 492HP UT WOS:000269646100058 PM 19635784 ER PT J AU LaBone, ED Farfan, EB Lee, PL Jannik, GT Donnelly, EH Foley, TQ AF LaBone, Elizabeth D. Farfan, Eduardo B. Lee, Patricia L. Jannik, G. Timothy Donnelly, Elizabeth H. Foley, Trevor Q. TI ASSESSMENT OF RADIONUCLIDE DATABASES IN CAP88 MAINFRAME VERSION 1.0 AND WINDOWS-BASED VERSION 3.0 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dose assessment; dose, population; dosimetry; modeling, dose assessment AB In this study the radionuclide databases for two versions of the Clean Air Act Assessment Package-1988 (CAP88) computer model were assessed in detail. CAP88 estimates radiation dose and the risk of health effects to human populations from radionuclide emissions to air. This program is used by several U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facilities to comply with National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants regulations. CAP88 Mainframe, referred to as version 1.0 on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Web site (http://www.epa.gov/radiation/assessment/CAP88/), was the very first CAP88 version released in 1988. Some DOE facilities including the Savannah River Site still employ this version (1.0) while others use the more user-friendly personal computer Windows-based version 3.0 released in December 2007. Version 1.0 uses the program RADRISK based on International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 30 as its radionuclide database. Version 3.0 uses half-life, dose, and risk factor values based on Federal Guidance Report 13. Differences in these values could cause different results for the same input exposure data (same scenario), depending on which version of CAP88 is used. Consequently, the differences between the two versions are being assessed in detail at Savannah River National Laboratory. The version 1.0 and 3.0 database riles contain 496 and 838 radionuclides, respectively, and though one would expect the newer version to include all the 496 radionuclides, 35 radionuclides are listed in version 1.0 that are not included in version 3.0. The majority of these has either extremely short or long half-lives or is no longer in production; however, some of the short-lived radionuclides might produce progeny of great interest at DOE sites. In addition, 122 radionuclides were found to have different half-lives in the two versions, with 21 over 3 percent different and 12 over 10 percent different. Health Phys. 97(3):242-247; 2009 C1 [Farfan, Eduardo B.] Savannah River Nucl Solut LLC, Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Sci & Biotechnol, Environm Anal Sect, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [LaBone, Elizabeth D.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Donnelly, Elizabeth H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Farfan, EB (reprint author), Savannah River Nucl Solut LLC, Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Sci & Biotechnol, Environm Anal Sect, 773-42A,Room 236, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. EM Eduardo.Farfan@srnl.doe.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 97 IS 3 BP 242 EP 247 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 482TJ UT WOS:000268911300007 PM 19667807 ER PT J AU Cordovado, SK Hancock, LN Hendrix, M Greene, CN Mueller, PW AF Cordovado, Suzanne Kehoe Hancock, Laura N. Hendrix, Miyono Greene, Christopher N. Mueller, Patricia W. TI Novel human leukocyte antigen class I and class II alleles identified by sequence-based typing in the Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) study population SO HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HLA-A; HLA-C; HLA-DQB1; HLA-DPB1; GoKinD; Sequence based typing/DNA; Type 1 diabetes ID SUSCEPTIBILITY; NEPHROPATHY; HLA-DQA1; DPB1 AB Nine novel HLA class I and class II alleles were identified by sequence-based typing (SBT) in Caucasian participants from the Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) study. All novel alleles were single nucleotide substitutions. Seven alleles resulted in an amino acid change and two alleles were silent substitutions. The new alleles are as follows: five HILA-A alleles (*0132, *020121, *0344, *030107, *2507), one HLA-C allele (*0619), two HLA-DQB1 alleles (*0204, *0318), and one HLA-DPB1 allele (*1802). Eight of these new alleles were identified in participants with type I diabetes, three of whom also had diabetic nephropathy, and one new allele was identified in an unaffected parent of a participant with type 1 diabetes. All new alleles were isolated and characterized by use of single allele amplification (SAA) SBT; the new alleles were confirmed by sequence-specific primer (SSP) amplification. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. C1 [Cordovado, Suzanne Kehoe; Hancock, Laura N.; Hendrix, Miyono; Greene, Christopher N.; Mueller, Patricia W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cordovado, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM snc4@cdc.gov FU Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation in collaboration with the Joslin Diabetes Center, George Washington University Biostatistics Center; CDC; Special Statutory Funding Program for Type 1 Diabetes Research, National Institutes of Health [PL-105-33, PL-106-554, PL-107-360] FX The sample collection of the Genetics and Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) study was supported by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation in collaboration with the Joslin Diabetes Center, George Washington University Biostatistics Center, and CDC. The GoKinD study received funding from the Special Statutory Funding Program for Type 1 Diabetes Research (PL-105-33, PL-106-554, and PL-107-360) administered by the National Institutes of Health. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0198-8859 J9 HUM IMMUNOL JI Hum. Immunol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 70 IS 9 BP 747 EP 749 DI 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.06.011 PG 3 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 493CV UT WOS:000269711800015 PM 19539002 ER PT J AU Hvidtjorn, D Grove, J Schendel, D Schieve, LA Ernst, E Olsen, J Thorsen, P AF Hvidtjorn, D. Grove, J. Schendel, D. Schieve, L. A. Ernst, E. Olsen, J. Thorsen, P. TI Validation of self-reported data on assisted conception in The Danish National Birth Cohort SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE validation; self-report; assisted conception; Danish National Birth Cohort ID REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY; RELIABILITY; WOMEN; VALIDITY; CANCER; SYSTEM AB An increasing number of children are born after assisted conception and in surveillance programmes information on mode of conception is often achieved via maternal self-report. We assessed the validity of self-reported assisted conception in The Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC), a prospective pregnancy cohort. Here, the term assisted conception refers to IVF, ICSI, ovulation induction and insemination. We compared self-reported assisted conception in the DNBC to corresponding data from Danish national registers; the IVF Register and Danish Drug Prescription Register, providing method of conception in the entire population. In the DNBC, 101 042 women accepted the invitation in early pregnancy from 1996 to 2002. Our final study population comprised 88 151 DNBC women aged 20 years and older who participated in the first DNBC interview with a pregnancy resulting in a live born child. In the DNBC, assisted conception was reported with a sensitivity of 83% and positive predictive value of 88%. Misclassification was largely explained by ambiguous phrasing of the DNBC interview question and interview skip patterns. Women with false negative reporting were more often multipara (P < 0.001) and older (P = 0.027 for IVF/ICSI and P = 0.002 for ovulation induction). The risk ratio (RR) for being born preterm in IVF/ICSI children was lower for children identified via the DNBC, RR 3.61 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.31-3.94), than the IVF Register, RR 4.36 (95% CI 4.02-4.74). There was a high positive predictive value of self-reported assisted conception in the DNBC, but the structure of the DNBC interview represented a problem and misclassification could introduce bias. C1 [Hvidtjorn, D.; Grove, J.; Thorsen, P.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, NANEA, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Schendel, D.; Schieve, L. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Ernst, E.] Skejby Univ Hosp, Reprod Lab, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark. [Olsen, J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Thorsen, P.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Hvidtjorn, D (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, NANEA, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. EM dh@soci.au.dk RI Olsen, Jorn/F-8801-2015; OI Olsen, Jorn/0000-0001-7462-5140; Grove, Jakob/0000-0003-2284-5744 NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 24 IS 9 BP 2332 EP 2340 DI 10.1093/humrep/dep179 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 483WH UT WOS:000269001600032 PM 19454590 ER PT J AU Rao, CY Pachucki, C Cali, S Santhiraj, M Krankoski, KLK Noble-Wang, JA Leehey, D Popli, S Brandt, ME Lindsley, MD Fridkin, SK Arduino, MJ AF Rao, Carol Y. Pachucki, Constance Cali, Salvatore Santhiraj, Mangai Krankoski, Kathi L. K. Noble-Wang, Judith A. Leehey, David Popli, Subhash Brandt, Mary E. Lindsley, Mark D. Fridkin, Scott K. Arduino, Matthew J. TI Contaminated Product Water as the Source of Phialemonium curvatum Bloodstream Infection among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTEREMIA; NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE; PYROGENIC REACTIONS; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; DIALYSIS; MACHINE; ENDOCARDITIS; OBOVATUM; PORTS AB OBJECTIVE. We investigated a cluster of cases of bloodstream infection (BSI) due to the mold Phialemonium at a hemodialysis center in Illinois and conducted a cohort study to identify risk factors. DESIGN. Environmental assessment and cohort study. SETTING. A hemodialysis center in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS. A case patient was defined as a person who underwent dialysis at the center and had a blood sample that tested positive for Phialemonium curvatum on culture. We reviewed microbiology and medical records and tested water, surface, and dialysate samples by culture. Molds isolated from environmental and clinical specimens were identified by their morphological features and confirmed by sequencing DNA. RESULTS. We identified 2 case patients with BSI due to P. curvatum. Both became febrile and hypotensive while undergoing dialysis on the same machine at the same treatment station, although on different days. Dialysis machines were equipped with waste handling option ports that are used to discard dialyzer priming fluid. We isolated P. curvatum from the product water (ie, water used for dialysis purposes) at 2 of 19 treatment stations, one of which was the implicated station. CONCLUSION. The source of P. curvatum was likely the water distribution system. To our knowledge, this is the first report of patients acquiring a mold BSI from contaminated product water. The route of exposure in these cases of BSI due to P. curvatum may be related to the malfunction and improper maintenance of the waste handling option ports. Waste handling option ports have been previously implicated as the source of bacterial BSI due to the backflow of waste fluid into a patient's blood line. No additional cases of infection were noted after remediation of the water distribution system and after discontinuing use of waste handling option ports at the facility. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2009; 30: 840-847 C1 [Rao, Carol Y.; Noble-Wang, Judith A.; Fridkin, Scott K.; Arduino, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brandt, Mary E.; Lindsley, Mark D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pachucki, Constance; Santhiraj, Mangai; Krankoski, Kathi L. K.; Leehey, David; Popli, Subhash] US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. [Cali, Salvatore] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. RP Rao, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cnr3@cdc.gov RI Arduino, Matthew/C-1461-2012 OI Arduino, Matthew/0000-0001-7072-538X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU524174-01] FX S.C. was supported by cooperative agreement U50/CCU524174-01 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Potential conflicts of interest. All authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 30 IS 9 BP 840 EP 847 DI 10.1086/605324 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 479TR UT WOS:000268684300004 PM 19614543 ER PT J AU Wang, SH Pancholi, P Stevenson, K Yakrus, MA Butler, WR Schlesinger, LS Mangino, JE AF Wang, Shu-Hua Pancholi, Preeti Stevenson, Kurt Yakrus, Mitchell A. Butler, W. Ray Schlesinger, Larry S. Mangino, Julie E. TI Pseudo-Outbreak of "Mycobacterium paraffinicum" Infection and/or Colonization in a Tertiary Care Medical Center SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society-for-Healthcare-Epidemiology-of-America CY APR 05-08, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer ID NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; WATER; PARASCROFULACEUM; IDENTIFICATION; MACHINE; COMPLEX; SIMIAE AB OBJECTIVE. To investigate a pseudo-outbreak of "Mycobacterium paraffinicum" (unofficial taxon) infection and/or colonization, using isolates recovered from clinical and environmental specimens. DESIGN. Outbreak investigation. SETTING. University-affiliated, tertiary-care hospital. METHODS. M. paraffinicum, a slow-growing, nontuberculous species of mycobacteria, was recovered from 21 patients and an ice machine on a single patient care unit over a 2.5-year period. The clinical, epidemiological, and environmental investigation of this pseudo-outbreak is described. RESULTS. Twenty-one patients with pulmonary symptoms and possible risk factors for tuberculosis were admitted to inpatient rooms that provided airborne isolation conditions in 2 adjacent hospital buildings. In addition, 1 outpatient had induced sputum cultured for mycobacteria in the pulmonary function laboratory. Of the samples obtained from these 21 patients, 26 isolates from respiratory samples and 1 isolate from a stool sample were identified as M. paraffinicum. Environmental isolates obtained from an ice machine in the patient care unit where the majority of the patients were admitted were also identified as M. paraffinicum. CONCLUSIONS. An epidemiological investigation that used molecular tools confirmed the suspicion of a pseudo-outbreak of M. paraffinicum infection and/or colonization. The hospital water system was identified as the source of contamination. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2009; 30: 848-853 C1 [Wang, Shu-Hua; Stevenson, Kurt; Schlesinger, Larry S.; Mangino, Julie E.] Ohio State Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Microbial Interface Biol, Div Infect Dis,Dept Internal Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pancholi, Preeti] Ohio State Univ, Med Ctr, Div Clin Microbiol, Dept Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yakrus, Mitchell A.; Butler, W. Ray] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wang, SH (reprint author), N-1120 Doan Hall,410 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Shu-Hua.Wang@osumc.edu NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 30 IS 9 BP 848 EP 853 DI 10.1086/599071 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 479TR UT WOS:000268684300005 PM 19653819 ER PT J AU Thompson, ND Novak, RT Datta, D Cotter, S Arduino, MJ Patel, PR Williams, IT Bialek, SR AF Thompson, Nicola D. Novak, Ryan T. Datta, Deblina Cotter, Susanne Arduino, Matthew J. Patel, Priti R. Williams, Ian T. Bialek, Stephanie R. TI Hepatitis C Virus Transmission in Hemodialysis Units: Importance of Infection Control Practices and Aseptic Technique SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE AB We investigated 4 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection outbreaks at hemodialysis units to identify practices associated with transmission. Apparent failures to follow recommended infection control precautions resulted in patient-to-patient HCV transmission, through cross-contamination of the environment or intravenous medication vials. Fastidious attention to aseptic technique and infection control precautions are essential to prevent HCV transmission. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2009; 30: 900-903 C1 [Thompson, Nicola D.; Novak, Ryan T.; Datta, Deblina; Cotter, Susanne; Williams, Ian T.; Bialek, Stephanie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arduino, Matthew J.; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Thompson, ND (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mail Stop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ndthompson@cdc.gov RI Arduino, Matthew/C-1461-2012 OI Arduino, Matthew/0000-0001-7072-538X NR 10 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 30 IS 9 BP 900 EP 903 DI 10.1086/605472 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 479TR UT WOS:000268684300014 PM 19642900 ER PT J AU Xu, J Yang, Y Wang, C Jiang, B AF Xu, Jin Yang, Y. Wang, C. Jiang, B. TI Rotavirus and coxsackievirus infection activated different profiles of toll-like receptors and chemokines in intestinal epithelial cells SO INFLAMMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rotavirus; Coxsackievirus B3; TLR; Chemokine ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; CYTOKINE RESPONSES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; B VIRUSES; KAPPA-B; RECOGNITION; EXPRESSION; CHILDREN; TLR4 AB To understand the inflammatory-immune response in intestinal epithelial cells after infection of rotavirus and coxsackievirus B3. We examined by quantitative PCR the expression profiles of genes encoding five toll-like receptors (TLR) and levels of three chemokines in response to rotavirus and coxsackievirus B3 infection in a human intestinal epithelial cell line (HT-29 cells). We demonstrated that rotavirus induced significantly increased levels of mRNA expression for TLR2, TLR3, TLR7 and TLR8 in HT-29 cells in a time-dependent manner. In contrast, coxsackievirus B3 did not stimulate mRNA expression for TLR3. Rotavirus and coxsackievirus B3 also induced higher levels of mRNA expression for RANTES, IP-10 and IL-8 during the period of infection in a different manner. Finally, significantly elevated levels of RANTES, IP-10 and IL-8 were detected by ELISA in rotavirus-infected cells from 24 to 48 h. Our findings suggest that different patterns of TLRs and chemokines were induced in the initiation and modulation of immune response to rotavirus and coxsackievirus B3 infection. C1 [Xu, Jin; Yang, Y.; Wang, C.] Fudan Univ, Inst Pediat, Childrens Hosp, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. [Jiang, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Virus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Inst Pediat, Childrens Hosp, 183 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. EM janexu125@hotmail.com FU Fudan University, China FX This research was supported by a grant from Fudan University, China. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1023-3830 J9 INFLAMM RES JI Inflamm. Res. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 58 IS 9 BP 585 EP 592 DI 10.1007/s00011-009-0022-x PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 475AJ UT WOS:000268326500006 PM 19296205 ER PT J AU Pourbohloul, B Ahued, A Davoudi, B Meza, R Meyers, LA Skowronski, DM Villasenor, I Galvan, F Cravioto, P Earn, DJD Dushoff, J Fisman, D Edmunds, WJ Hupert, N Scarpino, SV Trujillo, J Lutzow, M Morales, J Contreras, A Chavez, C Patrick, DM Brunham, RC AF Pourbohloul, Babak Ahued, Armando Davoudi, Bahman Meza, Rafael Meyers, Lauren A. Skowronski, Danuta M. Villasenor, Ignacio Galvan, Fernando Cravioto, Patricia Earn, David J. D. Dushoff, Jonathan Fisman, David Edmunds, W. John Hupert, Nathaniel Scarpino, Samuel V. Trujillo, Jesus Lutzow, Miguel Morales, Jorge Contreras, Ada Chavez, Carolina Patrick, David M. Brunham, Robert C. TI Initial human transmission dynamics of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in North America SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Epidemiologic methods; infectious disease outbreak; influenza; initial reproduction number; pandemic ID INFLUENZA; SARS; STRATEGIES AB Background Between 5 and 25 April 2009, pandemic (H1N1) 2009 caused a substantial, severe outbreak in Mexico, and subsequently developed into the first global pandemic in 41 years. We determined the reproduction number of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 by analyzing the dynamics of the complete case series in Mexico City during this early period. Methods We analyzed three mutually exclusive datasets from Mexico City Distrito Federal which constituted all suspect cases from 15 March to 25 April: confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infections, non-pandemic influenza A infections and patients who tested negative for influenza. We estimated the initial reproduction number from 497 suspect cases identified prior to 20 April, using a novel contact network methodology incorporating dates of symptom onset and hospitalization, variation in contact rates, extrinsic sociological factors, and uncertainties in underreporting and disease progression. We tested the robustness of this estimate using both the subset of laboratory-confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infections and an extended case series through 25 April, adjusted for suspected ascertainment bias. Results The initial reproduction number (95% confidence interval range) for this novel virus is 1 center dot 51 (1 center dot 32-1 center dot 71) based on suspected cases and 1 center dot 43 (1 center dot 29-1 center dot 57) based on confirmed cases before 20 April. The longer time series (through 25 April) yielded a higher estimate of 2 center dot 04 (1 center dot 84-2 center dot 25), which reduced to 1 center dot 44 (1 center dot 38-1 center dot 51) after correction for ascertainment bias. Conclusions The estimated transmission characteristics of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 suggest that pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical mitigation measures may appreciably limit its spread prior the development of an effective vaccine. C1 [Pourbohloul, Babak; Davoudi, Bahman; Meza, Rafael; Brunham, Robert C.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Div Math Modeling, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada. [Pourbohloul, Babak] Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Ahued, Armando; Villasenor, Ignacio; Cravioto, Patricia; Trujillo, Jesus; Lutzow, Miguel; Morales, Jorge; Contreras, Ada; Chavez, Carolina] Secretaria Salud Dist Fed, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Meyers, Lauren A.; Scarpino, Samuel V.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Skowronski, Danuta M.; Patrick, David M.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Div Epidemiol Serv, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada. [Galvan, Fernando] Secretaria Salud Mexico, Gen Directorate Epidemiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Earn, David J. D.; Dushoff, Jonathan] McMaster Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Fisman, David] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Edmunds, W. John] Univ London, London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. [Hupert, Nathaniel] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Hupert, Nathaniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Preparedness Modeling Unit, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pourbohloul, B (reprint author), British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Div Math Modeling, 655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada. EM babak.pourbohloul@bccdc.ca FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [PTL-93146, PTL-97125, PAP-93425, MOP-81273]; Provincial Health Services Authority of BC (PHSA); Canadian Consortium for Pandemic Preparedness Modeling (CanPan); BC Pandemic Influenza Accelerated Vaccine Initiative (PANAVI); Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR); NIGMS Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS) [1-U01-GM087719-01]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0749097]; James F. McDonnell Foundation FX We would generous support of the Secretaria de Salud del Distrito Federal, for providing epidemiological data and insight. This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) (grants nos. PTL-93146, PTL-97125, PAP-93425 and MOP-81273), Provincial Health Services Authority of BC (PHSA), Canadian Consortium for Pandemic Preparedness Modeling (CanPan) and BC Pandemic Influenza Accelerated Vaccine Initiative (PANAVI). BP is grateful for the support of the CIHR and the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR). LAM would like to acknowledge the support of the NIGMS Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS) (1-U01-GM087719-01), the National Science Foundation (DEB-0749097), and the James F. McDonnell Foundation. NR 24 TC 81 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD SEP PY 2009 VL 3 IS 5 BP 215 EP 222 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2009.00100.x PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 484YM UT WOS:000269086700006 PM 19702583 ER PT J AU Yu, HJ Feng, LZ Peng, ZB Feng, ZJ Shay, DK Yang, WZ AF Yu, Hongjie Feng, Luzhao Peng, Zhibin Feng, Zijian Shay, David K. Yang, Weizhong TI Estimates of the impact of a future influenza pandemic in China SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Influenza pandemic; Monte-Carlo method; China; health planning ID NONPHARMACEUTICAL INTERVENTIONS; UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; NETHERLANDS; AGE AB Background The next influenza pandemic will create a surge in demand for health resources in China, with its current population of > 1 center dot 3 billion persons and under-developed medical care and public health system. However, few pandemic impact data are available for China. Objectives We estimated the effects of a future influenza pandemic in China by examining pandemic scenarios of varying severity and described the time distribution of cases during a first wave. Methods We used a Monte-Carlo simulation model and death rates, hospitalizations and outpatient visits for 1918- and 1968-like pandemic scenarios and data from the literature or experts' opinion to estimate four health outcomes: deaths, hospitalizations, outpatient medical visits and clinical illness for which medical care was not sought. For each of the two scenarios we estimated outcomes by week using a normal distribution. Results We estimated that a 1968 scenario in China would result in 460 000-700 000 deaths, 1 center dot 94-2 center dot 27 million hospitalizations, 111-117 million outpatient visits and 192-197 million illnesses for which medical care was not sought. Fifty-two percent of hospitalizations occurred during the two-peak weeks of the first wave. We estimated that patients at high-risk of influenza complications (10-17% of the population) would account for 61-75% of all deaths. For a 1918 scenario, we estimated that 4 center dot 95-6 center dot 95 million deaths, 20 center dot 8-22 center dot 7 million hospitalizations and 101-108 million outpatient visits could occur. Conclusion Even a 1968 pandemic scenario will pose substantial challenges for the medical and public health system in China, and planning to manage these challenges is essential. C1 [Yu, Hongjie; Feng, Luzhao; Peng, Zhibin; Feng, Zijian; Yang, Weizhong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent China CDC, Off Dis Control & Emergency Response, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Ne Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yang, WZ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent China CDC, Off Dis Control & Emergency Response, 27 Nanwei Rd, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM yangwz@chinacdc.cn OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU China-US Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China [2004BA519A71] FX The views expressed in this study are those of the authors and do not represent the policy of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA.; This study was supported by grants from the China-US Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases and the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2004BA519A71). NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD SEP PY 2009 VL 3 IS 5 BP 223 EP 231 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2009.00093.x PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 484YM UT WOS:000269086700007 PM 21462394 ER PT J AU Lee, EK Chen, CH Pietz, F Benecke, B AF Lee, Eva K. Chen, Chien-Hung Pietz, Ferdinand Benecke, Bernard TI Modeling and Optimizing the Public-Health Infrastructure for Emergency Response SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE public health; emergency response; mass dispensing; resource allocation; facility location; disease propagation; medical countermeasures; bioterrorism; pandemic; infectious disease; anthrax; disaster medicine; all-hazard emergency response; public-health informatics; integer programming; simulation; decision-support system ID OPERATIONS-RESEARCH; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; STRATEGIES; VACCINATION; ATTACK AB Public-health emergencies, such as bioterrorist attacks or pandemics, demand fast, efficient, large-scale dispensing of critical medical countermeasures. By combining mathematical modeling, large-scale simulation, and powerful optimization engines, and coupling them with automatic graph-drawing tools and a user-friendly interface, we designed and implemented RealOpt (c), a fast and practical emergency-response decision-support tool. RealOpt allows public-health emergency coordinators to (1) determine locations for point-of-dispensing (POD) facility setup; (2) design customized and efficient floor plans for PODs via an automatic graph-drawing tool; (3) determine required labor resources and provide efficient placement of staff at individual stations within a POD; (4) perform disease-propagation analysis, understand and monitor the intra-POD disease dilemma, and help to derive dynamic response strategies to mitigate casualties; (5) assess resources and determine minimum needs to prepare for treating their regional populations in emergency situations; (6) carry out large-scale virtual drills and performance analyses, and investigate alternative strategies; and (7) design a variety of dispensing scenarios that include emergency-event exercises to train personnel. These advanced and powerful computational strategies allow emergency coordinators to quickly analyze design decisions, generate feasible regional dispensing plans based on best estimates and analyses available, and reconfigure PODs as an event unfolds. The ability to analyze planning strategies, compare the various options, and determine the most cost-effective combination of dispensing strategies is critical to the ultimate success of any mass dispensing effort. C1 [Lee, Eva K.; Chen, Chien-Hung] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Ind & Syst Engn, Ctr Operat Res Med & HealthCare, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Lee, Eva K.; Chen, Chien-Hung] Georgia Inst Technol, NSF I UCRC Ctr Hlth Org Transformat, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Pietz, Ferdinand; Benecke, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergen, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lee, EK (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Ind & Syst Engn, Ctr Operat Res Med & HealthCare, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM eva.lee@gatech.edu; cchen@isye.gatech.edu NR 28 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 30 PU INFORMS PI HANOVER PA 7240 PARKWAY DR, STE 310, HANOVER, MD 21076-1344 USA SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 39 IS 5 BP 476 EP 490 DI 10.1287/inte.1090.0463 PG 15 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 503WL UT WOS:000270572300008 ER PT J AU Bott, AM Bruce, MG Bulkow, L Coleman, J Hennessy, TW AF Bott, Anne M. Bruce, Michael G. Bulkow, Lisa Coleman, John Hennessy, Thomas W. TI TRENDS IN ANTIMICROBIAL PRESCRIBING RATES FOR ALASKA NATIVE AND AMERICAN INDIAN PERSONS < 18 YEARS OF AGE RESIDING IN THE ANCHORAGE REGION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial prescribing; Alaska Native children; antibiotic; prescription rates; AI/AN ID OUTPATIENT ANTIBIOTIC USE; UNITED-STATES; EUROPEAN SURVEILLANCE; CONSUMPTION ESAC; RURAL ALASKA; RESISTANCE; PHYSICIANS AB Objectives. In the U S., the total number of antimicrobials prescribed in ambulatory care declined between 1989 and 2000: however. antimicrobial resistance increased among many pathogens We evaluated antimicrobial prescribing patterns from 1992 to 2004 in Alaska Native/American Indian (AI/AN) persons <18 years old, residing in the Anchorage region who received care through the AI/AN health system Study design. Retrospective study based oil medical records. Methods. Medical records were Used to obtain data oil oral antibiotics prescribed for ambulatory and emergency-room visits. Anti-microbial prescribing rates were calculated per population and per ambulatory-clinic visit Results. The total number of antimicrobial courses prescribed increased 94% from 4.929 (1992) to 9.561 (2004) However. the total number of ambulatory-clinic visits also increased (79%) from 49.008 (1992) to 87.486 (2004), while the population of AI/AN persons <18 in Anchorage region rose 14%. The population-based rate of antimicrobial prescriptions (per 1,000 persons) rose from 309 (1992) to 524 (2004) (1)<0.001). The visit-based annual rate (per 1,000 visits) remained stable from 101 (1992) to 109 (2004) (p=0.651) Overall. visit-based prescription rates in AI/AN persons Were lower than previously reported among children in the U.S. (range 250-340). Penicillins comprised >50% of antimicrobials prescribed from 1992 to 2004 Visit-based prescribing rates from 1992 to 2004 changed: penicillin, +27% (p=0.210), cephalosporins. +33% (p=0 023); trimethoprim-sulfamethexazole, -48% (p<0.001). Conclusions. Visit-based antimicrobial prescribing rates in the Anchorage region for AI/AN children receiving care in the AI/AN health system have been stable over a 13-year period. Although a trend in decreased antibiotic prescribing has been seen in the general U.S. population. visit-based prescribing rate,; in the Anchorage region for AI/AN children have remained below those in previous studies in the U.S. (Int J Circumpolar Health 2009; 68(4):337-346) C1 [Bruce, Michael G.; Bulkow, Lisa; Hennessy, Thomas W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Bott, Anne M.] Alaska Native Med Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Coleman, John] Santa Fe Indian Hosp, Santa Fe, NM USA. RP Bruce, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM zwa8@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH PUBL PI OULU PA AAPISTIE1, OULU, FIN-90220, FINLAND SN 1239-9736 J9 INT J CIRCUMPOL HEAL JI Int. J. Circumpolar Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 68 IS 4 BP 337 EP 346 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 510OO UT WOS:000271099600005 PM 19917186 ER PT J AU Ruckart, PZ Orr, M Palaszewska-Tkacz, A Dewan, A Kapil, V AF Ruckart, Perri Zeitz Orr, Maureen Palaszewska-Tkacz, Anna Dewan, Aruna Kapil, Vikas TI A US Partnership with India and Poland to Track Acute Chemical Releases to Serve Public Health SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE chemical surveillance; chemical release; public health ID SURVEILLANCE; INCIDENTS AB We describe a collaborative effort between the U. S., India, and Poland to track acute chemical releases during 2005-2007. In all three countries, fixed facility events were more common than transportation-related events; manufacturing and transportation/warehousing were the most frequently involved industries; and equipment failure and human error were the primary contributing factors. The most commonly released non-petroleum substances were ammonia ( India), carbon monoxide ( U. S.) and mercury ( Poland). More events in India (54%) resulted in victims compared with Poland (15%) and the U. S. (9%). The pilot program showed it is possible to successfully conduct international surveillance of acute hazardous substances releases with careful interpretation of the findings. C1 [Ruckart, Perri Zeitz; Orr, Maureen] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Palaszewska-Tkacz, Anna] Nofer Inst Occupat Med, Dept Informat Sci, PL-91348 Lodz, Poland. [Dewan, Aruna] Natl Inst Occupat Hlth NIOH, Ahmadabad 380016, Gujarat, India. [Kapil, Vikas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ruckart, PZ (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM pruckart@cdc.gov; morr@cdc.gov; apalasz@imp.lodz.pl; dewanaruna@yahoo.com; vkapil@cdc.gov RI palaszewska-tkacz, anna/G-4909-2010 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 IS 9 BP 2375 EP 2386 DI 10.3390/ijerph6092375 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 499DW UT WOS:000270198300004 PM 19826549 ER PT J AU Graff, JJ Sathiakumar, N Macaluso, M Maldonado, G Matthews, R Delzell, E AF Graff, John J. Sathiakumar, Nalini Macaluso, Maurizio Maldonado, George Matthews, Robert Delzell, Elizabeth TI The Effect of Uncertainty in Exposure Estimation on the Exposure-Response Relation between 1,3-Butadiene and Leukemia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE 1,3-butadiene; epidemiology; methods; leukemia; workplace exposures; uncertainty analysis ID SYNTHETIC RUBBER INDUSTRY; NONDIFFERENTIAL MISCLASSIFICATION; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; DIFFERENTIAL MISCLASSIFICATION; BIAS; ASSIGNMENT; BUTADIENE; WORKERS; STYRENE; CANCER AB In a follow-up study of mortality among North American synthetic rubber industry workers, cumulative exposure to 1,3-butadiene was positively associated with leukemia. Problems with historical exposure estimation, however, may have distorted the association. To evaluate the impact of potential inaccuracies in exposure estimation, we conducted uncertainty analyses of the relation between cumulative exposure to butadiene and leukemia. We created the 1,000 sets of butadiene estimates using job-exposure matrices consisting of exposure values that corresponded to randomly selected percentiles of the approximate probability distribution of plant-, work area/job group-, and year specific butadiene ppm. We then analyzed the relation between cumulative exposure to butadiene and leukemia for each of the 1,000 sets of butadiene estimates. In the uncertainty analysis, the point estimate of the RR for the first non zero exposure category (>0-<37.5 ppm-years) was most likely to be about 1.5. The rate ratio for the second exposure category (37.5-<184.7 ppm-years) was most likely to range from 1.5 to 1.8. The RR for category 3 of exposure (184.7-<425.0 ppm-years) was most likely between 2.1 and 3.0. The RR for the highest exposure category (425.0+ ppm-years) was likely to be between 2.9 and 3.7. This range off RR point estimates can best be interpreted as a probability distribution that describes our uncertainty in RR point estimates due to uncertainty in exposure estimation. After considering the complete probability distributions of butadiene exposure estimates, the exposure-response association of butadiene and leukemia was maintained. This exercise was a unique example of how uncertainty analyses can be used to investigate and support an observed measure of effect when occupational exposure estimates are employed in the absence of direct exposure measurements. C1 [Graff, John J.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Karmanos Canc Inst, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Graff, John J.; Sathiakumar, Nalini; Macaluso, Maurizio; Matthews, Robert; Delzell, Elizabeth] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Macaluso, Maurizio] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Maldonado, George] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Graff, JJ (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Karmanos Canc Inst, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. EM graffj@karmanos.org; nalini@uab.edu; mum0@cdc.gov; gmphd@umn.edu; rsm@uab.edu; eduedelzell@uab.edu RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INTERNATIONAL-MDPI PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 IS 9 BP 2436 EP 2455 DI 10.3390/ijerph6092436 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 499DW UT WOS:000270198300010 PM 19826555 ER PT J AU Yuan, J Liu, YF Yang, ZC Cai, YS Deng, ZA Qin, PZ Li, TG Dong, ZQ Yan, ZQ Zhou, DH Luo, HM Ma, HL Pang, XL Fontaine, RE AF Yuan, Jun Liu, Yufei Yang, Zhicong Cai, Yanshan Deng, Zhiai Qin, Pengzhe Li, Tiegang Dong, Zhiqiang Yan, Ziqiang Zhou, Duanhua Luo, Huiming Ma, Huilai Pang, Xinglin Fontaine, Robert E. TI Mycobacterium abscessus post-injection abscesses from extrinsic contamination of multiple-dose bottles of normal saline in a rural clinic SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium chelonae; Hospital infections; Disease outbreaks; Abscess; Injection ID HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; WOUND INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK; MESOTHERAPY; MASSILIENSE; SURGERY AB Background: We investigated an outbreak of gluteal abscesses following intramuscular (IM) injections given at a clinic in rural China to identify the causative agent, source, and method of exposure. Methods: We defined a case as an abscess that appeared at the site of an injection given since June 1, 2006. We compared case rates by injection route, medication, and diluents. We reviewed injection practices, and cultured abscesses and environmental sites for mycobacteria. Results: From October through December 2006, 5.8% (n = 35) of 604 persons who had received injections at the clinic developed a case. All 35 cases occurred in 184 patients (attack rate = 19.0%) who had received IM injections with various drugs that had been mixed with normal saline (NS); risk ratio = infinity; p < 0.0001. No cases occurred in the absence of NS exposure. We identified Mycobacterium abscessus from eight abscesses and from the clinic water supply, and observed the inappropriate reuse of a 16-gauge needle left in the rubber septum of 100 ml multiple-dose bottles of NS in the clinic. Fourteen percent (n = 527) of the 3887 registered residents of this village had been treated with IM drugs over a three-month period, often for minor illnesses. Conclusions: This outbreak of M. abscessus occurred from exposure to extrinsically contaminated NS through improper injection practices. Frequent treatment of minor illnesses with IM injections of antibiotics was likely an important contributing factor to the size of this outbreak. (C) 2009 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yuan, Jun; Liu, Yufei; Yang, Zhicong; Cai, Yanshan; Deng, Zhiai; Qin, Pengzhe; Li, Tiegang; Dong, Zhiqiang; Yan, Ziqiang] Guangzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Jun; Ma, Huilai; Fontaine, Robert E.] Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Duanhua] Guangzhou Hlth Bur, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Fontaine, Robert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yang, ZC (reprint author), Guangzhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM yangzc@gzcdc.org.cn NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 13 IS 5 BP 537 EP 542 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.11.024 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 498HB UT WOS:000270126900003 PM 19269204 ER PT J AU Jenke, C Harmsen, D Weniger, T Hyytia-Trees, E Karch, H Mellmann, A AF Jenke, C. Harmsen, D. Weniger, T. Hyytiae-Trees, E. Karch, H. Mellmann, A. TI Phylogeny and clonal distribution of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 isolates in Germany from 1987 to 2008 based on MLVA typing SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Conference of the Deutschen-Gesellschaft-fur-Hygiene-und-Microbiologie CY SEP 20-23, 2009 CL Gottingen, GERMANY SP Deutsch Gesell Hygiene & Microbiol C1 [Jenke, C.; Mellmann, A.] WWU Munster, Inst Hyg, Munster, Germany. [Harmsen, D.; Weniger, T.; Karch, H.] WWU Munster, Poliklin Parodontol, Munster, Germany. [Hyytiae-Trees, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, PulseNet Methods Dev & Reference Unit, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4221 J9 INT J MED MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Med. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 299 BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Microbiology; Virology SC Microbiology; Virology GA 492JF UT WOS:000269650700300 ER PT J AU Bliven, EE Podewils, LJ AF Bliven, E. E. Podewils, L. J. TI The role of chronic hepatitis in isoniazid hepatotoxicity during treatment for latent tuberculosis infection SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Review DE hepatotoxicity; latent tuberculosis infection; chronic viral hepatitis ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; PREVENTIVE THERAPY; C VIRUS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; B CARRIERS; DRUG-USERS; PYRAZINAMIDE; PREVALENCE AB BACKGROUND: To examine chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) as a risk factor for hepatotoxicity during isoniazid (INH) treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). METHODS: A search of MEDLINE (1966-May 2008) was conducted using the terms 'tuberculosis', 'antitubercular', 'therapeutics', 'treatment', 'prevention', 'prophylaxis', 'hepatitis', 'toxic hepatitis', 'hepatotoxic', 'liver' and 'injury'. Peer-reviewed, English-language articles describing the relationship between a history of CVH and occurrence of hepatotoxicity during LTBI treatment were selected. We limited CVH diagnoses to reports with positive serological test or biopsy for hepatitis B or C. Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were abstracted or derived. RESULTS: We reviewed 486 abstracts, and 11 studies met the selection criteria. Populations included in the studies were the general population (n = 6) and transplant recipients (n = 5). The variability in study designs and case finding practices precluded performing a quantitative meta-analysis. Two studies of former or current drug users reported a consistent, positive association between chronic hepatitis C infection and INH hepatotoxicity. Other risk ratios did not significantly or consistently show any association between CVH in patients treated for LTBI and the development of INH hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSION: Owing to the limited number of published papers, CVH was not established as a risk factor for INH hepatotoxicity during LTBI treatment. Controlled studies are needed to define the safety and tolerability of LTBI treatment in those with CVH and to provide an evidence base for recommendations for LTBI treatment in persons with CVH. C1 [Bliven, E. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bliven, EE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, NCHHSTP, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ebliven@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia FX The authors thank M E Villarino, A Vernon and E McCray for their continued support at the CDC. Authors EEB and LJP are funded through the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1054 EP 1060 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 484JD UT WOS:000269039600003 PM 19723392 ER PT J AU Manangan, L Elmore, K Lewis, B Pratt, R Armstrong, L Davison, J Santibanez, S Heetderks, A Robison, V Lee, V Navin, T AF Manangan, L. Elmore, K. Lewis, B. Pratt, R. Armstrong, L. Davison, J. Santibanez, S. Heetderks, A. Robison, V. Lee, V. Navin, T. TI Disparities in tuberculosis between Asian/Pacific Islanders and non-Hispanic Whites, United States, 1993-2006 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Asian/Pacific Islander; tuberculosis; health disparities; non-Hispanic White ID DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; RISK-FACTORS AB SETTING: The United States (US) National Tuberculosis Surveillance System (NTSS), including 50 states, District of Columbia, and New York City. OBJECTIVE: To examine disparities in characteristics and rates of Asian/Pacific Islander (API) and non-Hispanic White tuberculosis (TB) patients. DESIGN: Descriptive analysis and logistic regression of selected 1993-2006 NTSS data. US Census Bureau Zip Code Tabulation Areas and geographic information system were used to compare API and non-Hispanic White TB patients by population density. RESULT: Of 253299 TB cases, 1.9.8% were APIs and 23.2% were Whites; 94.2% APIs and 11.9% Whites were foreign-born. Factors that were most often associated with APIs were being female, age 15-24 years, extrapulmonary TB, and drug resistance. APIs were less likely than Whites to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, homeless, substance abusers, or on directly observed therapy. From 1993 to 2006, the API TB case rate declined by 42.9% vs. 66.6% in Whites (P < 0.01). Being foreign-born was the strongest risk factor for TB, regardless of population densities, but APIs were more likely to have TB than foreign-born Whites at lower population densities. CONCLUSION: Disparities in TB exist among US APIs and non-Hispanic Whites. TB program officials should allocate programs appropriately for foreign-born APIs in lower population density areas. C1 [Manangan, L.; Armstrong, L.; Heetderks, A.; Robison, V.; Navin, T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pratt, R.] CDC, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Hlth Studies,Geospatial Res Anal & Serv Progr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Davison, J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Santibanez, S.] CDC, Off Hlth Dispar, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Manangan, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, NCHHSTP, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lpm2@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1077 EP 1085 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 484JD UT WOS:000269039600006 PM 19723395 ER PT J AU Lowrance, DW Ndamage, F Kayirangwa, E Ndagije, F Lo, W Hoover, DR Hanson, J Elul, B Ayaba, A Ellerbrock, T Rukundo, A Shumbusho, F Nash, D Mugabo, J Assimwe, A AF Lowrance, David W. Ndamage, Francois Kayirangwa, Eugenie Ndagije, Felix Lo, Wilson Hoover, Donald R. Hanson, Jeff Elul, Batya Ayaba, Aliou Ellerbrock, Tedd Rukundo, Alphonse Shumbusho, Fabienne Nash, Denis Mugabo, Jules Assimwe, Anita TI Adult Clinical and Immunologic Outcomes of the National Antiretroviral Treatment Program in Rwanda During 2004-2005 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE Africa; antiretroviral treatment; national; outcomes; Rwanda ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; SCALING-UP; COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; HIV-1-INFECTED ADULTS; EARLY MORTALITY; SOUTH-AFRICA; THERAPY; MALAWI; HIV; AIDS AB Background: By December 2007, over 48,000 persons had initiated antiretroviral treatment (ART) at 171 clinics in Rwanda. Assessing national ART program outcomes is essential to determine whether programs have the desired impact. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess key 6- and 12-month outcomes among a nationally representative, stratified, random sample of 3194 adults (>= 15 years) who initiated ART from January 1, 2004, through December 31, 2005. Findings: At ART initiation, the median patient age was 37 years and 65% were female. Overall, the baseline median CD4(+) cell Count was 141 cells per microliter. At 6 and 12 months after ART initiation, 92% and 86% of patients, respectively, remained on ART at their original site. By 6 months, 3.6% were dead and 3.4% were lost to follow-up; by 12 months, 4.6%, were dead and 4.9% were lost to follow-up. Among patients with available follow-up CD4(+) cell count data, median CD4(+) cell counts increased by 98 cells per microliter and H 9 cells per microliter at 6 and 12 months after ART initiation, respectively. Conclusions: Rwanda's national ART program achieved excellent 6- and 12-month retention and immunologic outcomes during the first 2 years of rapid scale-up. Routine supervision is required to improve compliance with clinical guidelines and data quality. C1 [Lowrance, David W.; Kayirangwa, Eugenie; Ndagije, Felix; Ayaba, Aliou] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Kigali, Rwanda. [Lowrance, David W.; Ndamage, Francois; Rukundo, Alphonse; Mugabo, Jules; Assimwe, Anita] Minist Hlth, TRACPlus Ctr Treatment & Res HIV AIDS Malaria TB, Kigali, Rwanda. [Ndagije, Felix] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs, Kigali, Rwanda. [Lo, Wilson; Elul, Batya; Nash, Denis] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs, New York, NY USA. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Camden, NJ 08102 USA. [Hanson, Jeff] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Windhoek, Namibia. [Ellerbrock, Tedd] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rukundo, Alphonse] Natl Inst Stat Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda. [Shumbusho, Fabienne] Family Hlth Int, Kigali, Rwanda. RP Lowrance, DW (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Kigali, Rwanda. EM lowrance@rw.cdc.gov NR 31 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 49 EP 55 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 488TQ UT WOS:000269373400007 PM 19617847 ER PT J AU Feng, LG Ding, XB Lu, RR Liu, J Sy, AL Ouyang, L Pan, CB Yi, HR Liu, HH Xu, J Zhao, JK AF Feng, Liangui Ding, Xianbin Lu, Rongrong Liu, Jie Sy, Aileen Ouyang, Lin Pan, Chuanbo Yi, Huirong Liu, Honghong Xu, Jing Zhao, Jinkou TI High HIV Prevalence Detected in 2006 and 2007 Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China's Largest Municipality: An Alarming Epidemic in Chongqing, China SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE China; Chongqing; epidemiology; HIV-1; MSM; syphilis ID RISK BEHAVIOR; SYPHILIS; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS; HIV/AIDS; JIANGSU AB Background: Data from many large cities in China show HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) increasing dramatically over the recent years, making HIV transmission among MSM in China a growing concern. To facilitate targeted HIV prevention among MSM in Chongqing, Surveys were conducted to examine HIV prevalence and its associated factors in 2006 and in 2007. Methods: Surveys were conducted in 2006 and 2007 in 3 districts of Chongqing at venues and cruising areas where MSM frequent. Univariate and bivariate analysis were conducted on demographic, behavioral, and biological data. Results: HIV prevalence was 19.7% in 2006 and 26.5% in 2007 among recruitees from bathhouses and saunas, more than 2 times higher than recruitees from other venues for both years. HIV prevalence increased from 10.4% in 2006 to 12.5% in 2007. HIV prevalence was more than 20% among those older than 40 years of age, much higher than HIV prevalence in younger age groups. HIV prevalence among married MSM was 15.9% in 2006 and 20.9% in 2007, compared with nonmarried MSM at 7.6% in 2006 and 9.2% in 2007. Discussion: Urgent attention for prevention services is required to address the overall high HIV prevalence among MSM in the city, with special focus on subgroups as older, married MSM, and those recruited from bathhouses and saunas. C1 [Zhao, Jinkou] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Beijing Representat Off, Beijing 100005, Peoples R China. [Liu, Jie] Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, CDC Allan Rosenfield Global Hlth Fellow, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sy, Aileen] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Pan, Chuanbo] Yuzhong Dist Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Yi, Huirong] Jiulongpo Dist Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Liu, Honghong] Shapingba Dist Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Feng, Liangui; Ding, Xianbin; Lu, Rongrong; Ouyang, Lin; Xu, Jing] Chongqing Municipal Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chongqing, Peoples R China. RP Zhao, JK (reprint author), Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Beijing Representat Off, Suite 1201,China Resources Bldg,8 Jianguomenbei A, Beijing 100005, Peoples R China. EM jinkouzhao@hotmail.com FU Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria FX Supported by Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria. NR 25 TC 71 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 79 EP 85 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 488TQ UT WOS:000269373400012 PM 19448559 ER PT J AU Cohen, AL Salam, A Bosan, A Perry, R Iqbal, S Qureshi, SN Cairns, L Mach, O Mahoney, F Hafiz, R AF Cohen, Adam L. Salam, Abdul Bosan, Altaf Perry, Robert Iqbal, Syma Qureshi, Shaista Noor Cairns, Lisa Mach, Ondrej Mahoney, Frank Hafiz, Rehan TI Etiology of a Suspected Measles Outbreak: Preceding Measles Reduction Activities in Pakistan SO JCPSP-JOURNAL OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS PAKISTAN LA English DT Article DE Disease outbreaks; Measles; Pakistan; Rubella ID EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION; MORTALITY REDUCTION; ELIMINATION AB Objective: To characterize patients with suspected measles, determine the magnitude of the outbreak in selected areas, and perform laboratory testing on patients with suspected measles to confirm the etiology of the outbreak. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: Islamabad and Rawalpindi in June 2006. Methodology: Survey and specimen collection from households was carried out in areas affected by rash and fever during the outbreak. Teams asked if household members had rash and fever and administered a detailed questionnaire of clinical signs and symptoms for measles for each person who reported a rash and fever episode. A sample of cases with fever, rash, and either cough, conjunctivitis, or coryza was laboratory tested for measles and rubella. Results: Of 2,225 households visited, 284 individuals met the rash and fever case definition. Laboratory testing of eleven blood specimens revealed that the rash and fever outbreak was caused by rubella in 6 and measles in 2 with three equivocal results. Conclusion: Laboratory confirmation of suspected measles cases is essential during measles elimination activities in Pakistan and other countries with endemic rubella. C1 [Cohen, Adam L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Salam, Abdul; Bosan, Altaf; Iqbal, Syma; Qureshi, Shaista Noor; Hafiz, Rehan] Natl Inst Hlth, Islamabad, Pakistan. RP Cohen, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alcohen1@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU COLL PHYSICIANS & SURGEONS PAKISTAN PI KARACHI PA SEVENTH CENTRAL ST, DEFENCE HOUSING AUTHORITY, KARACHI, 75500, PAKISTAN SN 1022-386X J9 JCPSP-J COLL PHYSICI JI JCPSP-J. Coll. Physicians Surg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 19 IS 9 BP 591 EP 594 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 507OT UT WOS:000270864700016 PM 19728950 ER PT J AU Potter, JE Pereyra, M Lampe, M Rivero, Y Danner, SP Cohen, MH Bradley-Byers, A Webber, MP Nesheim, SR O'Sullivan, MJ Jamieson, DJ AF Potter, JoNell Efantis Pereyra, Margaret Lampe, Margaret Rivero, Yvette Danner, Susan P. Cohen, Mardge H. Bradley-Byers, Angela Webber, Mayris P. Nesheim, Steven R. O'Sullivan, Mary Jo Jamieson, Denise J. TI Factors Associated With Prenatal Care Use Among Peripartum Women in the Mother-Infant Rapid Intervention at Delivery Study SO JOGNN-JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC GYNECOLOGIC AND NEONATAL NURSING LA English DT Article DE prenatal care; access to care; perinatal outcomes; HIV testing and pregnancy ID LABOR AB Objective: To evaluate factors associated with receiving prenatal care among women who present in labor without human immunodeficiency virus documentation using the results of a previous study, Mother-Infant Rapid Intervention at Delivery. Design: Prospective, multicenter study. Setting: Eighteen hospitals in the United States. Participants: The present analysis is based on 667 peripartum women who completed a face-to-face interview after delivery. For purposes of this analysis, human immunodeficiency virus-infected and human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected women were considered together as the "study group." Methods: The original study, Mother-Infant Rapid Intervention at Delivery, offered rapid human immunodeficiency virus testing to women in labor without human immunodeficiency virus testing documentation at 18 hospitals in the United States. This secondary study evaluated factors related to prenatal care, among participants who agreed to an interview after delivery. Results: Interviews were completed by 667 women. Of these, 26.8% reported no prenatal care before admission to labor and delivery. These women were more likely to have been born in the United States, have other children, used alcohol, and reported being unhappy. Those who reported receiving prenatal care were more likely to have had Medicaid, stronger social support, and reported good health. Conclusion: Women who are unlikely to receive prenatal care lack social support and are more likely to have additional social stressors. Medicaid may provide an important safety net to enhance access to care, because those with Medicaid were more likely to receive prenatal care. Further research is necessary to identify nontraditional models of care to enhance outreach to women at risk for no prenatal care. C1 [Potter, JoNell Efantis; Rivero, Yvette] Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Res, Miami, FL 33101 USA. [Pereyra, Margaret] Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33101 USA. [Nesheim, Steven R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mother Child Transmiss Team, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohen, Mardge H.] Stoger Hosp, CORE Ctr, Cook Cty Bur Hlth Serv, Chicago, IL USA. [Cohen, Mardge H.] Stoger Hosp, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Cohen, Mardge H.] Rush Med Coll, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Bradley-Byers, Angela] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New Orleans, LA USA. [Webber, Mayris P.] Montefiore Med Ctr, AIDS Res Program, Dept Epidemiol & Social Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. RP Potter, JE (reprint author), Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Res, POB 016960 D-53, Miami, FL 33101 USA. EM jpotter2@med.miami.edu FU National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC [U64/217724, 417719, 517715, 617734, 479935] FX Supported by the National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC under cooperative agreements U64/217724, 417719, 517715, 617734, and 479935. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0884-2175 J9 JOGNN-J OBST GYN NEO JI JOGNN PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 38 IS 5 BP 534 EP 543 DI 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2009.01049.x PG 10 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 498IU UT WOS:000270133300003 PM 19883475 ER PT J AU Burstein, GR Eliscu, A Ford, K Hogben, M Chaffee, T Straub, D Shafii, T Huppert, J AF Burstein, Gale R. Eliscu, Allison Ford, Kanti Hogben, Matthew Chaffee, Tonya Straub, Diane Shafii, Taraneh Huppert, Jill TI Expedited Partner Therapy for Adolescents Diagnosed with Chlamydia or Gonorrhea: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Medicine SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; TRACHOMATIS INFECTION; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; NATIONAL-SURVEY; SEX PARTNERS; NOTIFICATION; WOMEN; PERSISTENT; RECURRENT C1 [Burstein, Gale R.] Erie Cty Dept Hlth, Buffalo, NY USA. [Burstein, Gale R.] Womens & Childrens Hosp, Buffalo, NY USA. [Eliscu, Allison] Mt Sinai Adolescent Hlth Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Ford, Kanti; Huppert, Jill] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Hogben, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chaffee, Tonya] San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Shafii, Taraneh] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Burstein, GR (reprint author), Erie Cty Dept Hlth, Buffalo, NY USA. EM Gale.Burstein@erie.gov NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 45 IS 3 BP 303 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.05.010 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 489JV UT WOS:000269417300015 PM 19699429 ER PT J AU Hendriksen, RS Mikoleit, M Carlson, VP Karlsmose, S Vieira, AR Jensen, AB Seyfarth, AM DeLong, SM Weill, FX Wong, DMALF Angulo, FJ Wegener, HC Aarestrup, FM AF Hendriksen, Rene S. Mikoleit, Matthew Carlson, Valeria P. Karlsmose, Susanne Vieira, Antonio R. Jensen, Arne B. Seyfarth, Anne Mette DeLong, Stephanie M. Weill, Francois-Xavier Wong, Danilo Marino Armando Lo Fo Angulo, Frederick J. Wegener, Henrik C. Aarestrup, Frank M. TI WHO Global Salm-Surv External Quality Assurance System for Serotyping of Salmonella Isolates from 2000 to 2007 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE; HUMANS AB An international external quality assurance system (EQAS) for the serotyping of Salmonella species was initiated in 2000 by WHO Global Salm-Surv to enhance the capacity of national reference laboratories to obtain reliable data for surveillance purposes worldwide. Seven EQAS iterations were conducted between 2000 and 2007. In each iteration, participating laboratories submitted serotyping results for eight Salmonella isolates. A total of 249 laboratories in 96 countries participated in at least one EQAS iteration. A total of 756 reports were received from the participating laboratories during the seven EQAS iterations. Cumulatively, 76% of participating laboratories submitted data for all eight strains, and 82% of strains were correctly serotyped. In each iteration, 84% to 96% of the laboratories correctly serotyped the Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolate that was included as an internal quality control strain. Regional differences in performance were observed, with laboratories in Central Asia and the Middle East performing less well overall than those in other regions. Errors that resulted in incorrect serovar identification were typically caused by difficulties in the detection of the phase two flagellar antigen or in differentiation within antigen complexes; some of these errors are likely related to the quality of the antisera available. The results from the WHO Global Salm-Surv EQAS, the largest of its kind in the world, show that most laboratories worldwide are capable of correctly serotyping Salmonella species. However, this study also indicates a continuing need for improvement. Future training efforts should be aimed at enhancing the ability to detect the phase two flagellar antigen and at disseminating information on where to purchase high-quality antisera. C1 [Hendriksen, Rene S.; Karlsmose, Susanne; Vieira, Antonio R.; Jensen, Arne B.; Seyfarth, Anne Mette; Wegener, Henrik C.; Aarestrup, Frank M.] Tech Univ Denmark, WHO Collaborating Ctr Antimicrobial Resistance Fo, Natl Food Inst, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark. [Mikoleit, Matthew; Carlson, Valeria P.; DeLong, Stephanie M.; Angulo, Frederick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO Collaborating Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Co, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weill, Francois-Xavier] Inst Pasteur, WHO Collaborating Ctr Salmonella, Paris, France. [Wong, Danilo Marino Armando Lo Fo] WHO, Dept Food Safety Zoonoses & Foodborne Dis, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Hendriksen, RS (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, WHO Collaborating Ctr Antimicrobial Resistance Fo, Natl Food Inst, Bulowsvej 27, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark. EM rshe@food.dtu.dk RI Hendriksen, Rene/A-5755-2013; OI Weill, Francois-Xavier/0000-0001-9941-5799; Wegener, Henrik Caspar/0000-0002-6888-2121 NR 11 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 2729 EP 2736 DI 10.1128/JCM.02437-08 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 489RL UT WOS:000269439600006 PM 19571024 ER PT J AU Whitney, AM Coulson, GB von Gottberg, A Block, C Keller, N Mayer, LW Messonnier, NE Klugman, KP AF Whitney, Anne M. Coulson, Garry B. von Gottberg, Anne Block, Colin Keller, Nathan Mayer, Leonard W. Messonnier, Nancy E. Klugman, Keith P. TI Genotypic Comparison of Invasive Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup Y Isolates from the United States, South Africa, and Israel, Isolated from 1999 through 2002 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATIONS; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; CLONES AB The proportion of meningococcal disease in the United States, South Africa, and Israel caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup Y (NmY) was greater than the worldwide average during the period 1999-2002. Genotypic characterization of 300 NmY isolates by multilocus sequence typing, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and PorA variable region typing was conducted to determine the relationships of the isolates from these three countries. Seventy different genotypes were found. Two groups of ST-23 clonal complex isolates accounted for 88% of the U. S. isolates, 12% of the South African isolates, and 96% of the isolates from Israel. The single common clone (ST-23/16S-19/P1.5-2,10-1) represented 57, 5, and 35% of the NmY isolates from the United States, South Africa, and Israel. The predominant clone in South Africa (ST-175/16S-21/P1.5-1,2-2), and 11 other closely related clones made up 77% of the South African study isolates and were not found among the isolates from the United States or Israel. ST-175 was the predicted founder of the ST-175 clonal complex, and isolates of ST-175 and related sequence types have been described previously in other African countries. Continued active surveillance and genetic characterization of NmY isolates causing disease in the United States, South Africa, and Israel will provide valuable data for local and global epidemiology and allow monitoring for any expansion of existing clonal complexes and detection of the emergence of new virulent clones in the population. C1 [Whitney, Anne M.; Mayer, Leonard W.; Messonnier, Nancy E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Coulson, Garry B.; von Gottberg, Anne; Klugman, Keith P.] Univ Witwatersrand, MRC NICD WITS Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, MRC, Natl Inst Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Block, Colin; Keller, Nathan] Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Jerusalem, Israel. [Block, Colin; Keller, Nathan] Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Natl Ctr Meningococci, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Whitney, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCZVED DFBMD BZB SBRL, Mailstop D-11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM awhitney@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 2787 EP 2793 DI 10.1128/JCM.00091-09 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 489RL UT WOS:000269439600014 PM 19571028 ER PT J AU Morris, SR Moore, DF Hannah, PB Wang, SA Wolfe, J Trees, DL Bolan, G Bauer, HM AF Morris, Sheldon R. Moore, Douglas F. Hannah, Paul B. Wang, Susan A. Wolfe, Julia Trees, David L. Bolan, Gail Bauer, Heidi M. TI Strain Typing and Antimicrobial Resistance of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae Causing a California Infection Outbreak SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; DECREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; AZITHROMYCIN; CIPROFLOXACIN; CHARACTERIZE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TETRACYCLINE; PREVALENCE AB Antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an emerging public health problem as a result of the alarming limitation in treatment options. We examined an outbreak in California of fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (QRNG) by evaluation of a combination of routine isolates from the Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project and isolates collected by expanded surveillance performed between April 2000 and June 2002. QRNG isolates were characterized by two methods: (i) determination of a combination of antibiogram, auxotype, serovar, Lip type, and patterns of amino acid alteration in the quinolone resistance-determining region of GyrA and ParC (ASLGP) and (ii) pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Strain typing was used to describe the QRNG outbreak strains and the associated antimicrobial resistance profiles. Among 79 isolates that were completely characterized, we identified 20 different ASLGP strain types, and 2 of the types were considered to belong to outbreak strains that comprised 65% (51/79) of the isolates. By PFGE typing, there were 24 different strain types, and 4 of these were considered outbreak types and comprised 66% (52/79) of the isolates. The overall agreement between the typing methods in distinguishing outbreak strains and non-outbreak strains was 84% (66/79). The most common QRNG ASLGP strain type had chromosomally mediated resistance to penicillin and tetracycline and an azithromycin MIC of 0.5 mu g/ml. The occurrence of an outbreak caused by QRNG strains that could fail to be eradicated by most antibiotic classes reinforces the serious problem with antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae that the public health system faces. Adherence to a regimen with the recommended antibiotics at the appropriate dose is critical, and monitoring for antimicrobial susceptibility needs to be actively maintained to adapt treatment guidelines appropriately. C1 [Morris, Sheldon R.; Bolan, Gail; Bauer, Heidi M.] Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Sexually Transmitted Dis Control Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Moore, Douglas F.; Hannah, Paul B.; Wolfe, Julia] Orange Cty Publ Hlth Lab, Santa Ana, CA USA. [Wang, Susan A.; Trees, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Morris, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Antiviral Res Ctr, 150 W Washington St, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM shmorris@ucsd.edu FU CDC (Comprehensive STD Prevention Systems and Infertility Prevention Project) [H25/CCH904362]; California Department of Health Services FX We are grateful to the following individuals: Michael Samuel, Stewart Coulter, Edwin Lopez, and Jessica Frasure, STD Control Branch, California Department of Health Services; Robert Gunn, Chris Peter, Dawn Kiefler, and Gerry Washbaugh, San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA; Penny Weismuller, Orange County Health Care Agency; Nettie DeAugustine, Helene Calvet, and Mimi Lachica, city of Long Beach Health and Human Services Agency, Long Beach, CA; Jeffrey Klausner, Lynn Fischer, Virginia Lapitz, and Sally Liska, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA; Peter Kerndt, Los Angeles County Department of Health Services, Los Angeles, CA; Franklyn Judson and Josephine Ehret, Denver GISP Regional Laboratory, Denver, CO; King Holmes and Wil Whittington, Seattle Regional GISP Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle; Ann Vanier, Kaiser Permanente Southern California Reference Laboratories, Los Angeles; and Joan Knapp, Susan Conner, Hillard Weinstock, Stuart Berman, and Alesia Harvey, Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention, CDC. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 2944 EP 2949 DI 10.1128/JCM.01001-09 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 489RL UT WOS:000269439600036 PM 19625477 ER PT J AU Walter, J Kuhn, L Semrau, K Decker, DW Sinkala, M Kankasa, C Thea, DM Bulterys, M Ou, CY Aldrovandi, GM AF Walter, Jan Kuhn, Louise Semrau, Katherine Decker, Don W. Sinkala, Moses Kankasa, Chipepo Thea, Donald M. Bulterys, Marc Ou, Chin-Yih Aldrovandi, Grace M. TI Detection of Low Levels of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) May Be Critical for Early Diagnosis of Pediatric HIV Infection by Use of Dried Blood Spots SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; RNA AMPLIFICATION; TYPE-1 INFECTION; DNA; INFANTS; CHILDREN; PCR; TRANSMISSION; ASSAY AB We compared a DNA-based assay with a total nucleic acid-based assay for early detection of infant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The codetection of DNA and RNA did not result in an overall higher sensitivity compared to that of DNA alone. Discordant results were associated with low levels of HIV DNA, indicating that the sample amount may be critical. C1 [Walter, Jan; Decker, Don W.; Aldrovandi, Grace M.] Univ So Calif, Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Kuhn, Louise] Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kuhn, Louise] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Semrau, Katherine; Thea, Donald M.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA USA. [Sinkala, Moses] Lusaka Dist Hlth Management Team, Lusaka, Zambia. [Kankasa, Chipepo] Univ Zambia, Univ Teaching Hosp, Lusaka, Zambia. [Bulterys, Marc] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Lusaka, Zambia. [Ou, Chin-Yih] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Aldrovandi, GM (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, 4546 Sunset Blvd Mailstop 51, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. EM galdrovandi@chla.usc.edu OI Thea, Donald/0000-0002-6933-1030; Semrau, Katherine/0000-0002-8360-1391 FU NIH [R01 HD 39611, R01 HD40777] FX This work was supported by NIH grants (R01 HD 39611 and R01 HD40777). G.M.A. is an Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Scientist. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 2989 EP 2991 DI 10.1128/JCM.02453-08 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 489RL UT WOS:000269439600045 PM 19625479 ER PT J AU Limbago, BM Long, CM Thompson, AD Killgore, GE Hannett, GE Havill, NL Mickelson, S Lathrop, S Jones, TF Park, MM Harriman, KH Gould, LH McDonald, LC Angulo, FJ AF Limbago, Brandi M. Long, Cherie M. Thompson, Angela D. Killgore, George E. Hannett, George E. Havill, Nancy L. Mickelson, Stephanie Lathrop, Sarah Jones, Timothy F. Park, Mahin M. Harriman, Kathleen H. Gould, L. Hannah McDonald, L. Clifford Angulo, Frederick J. TI Clostridium difficile Strains from Community-Associated Infections SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESTRICTION-ENDONUCLEASE ANALYSIS; BINARY TOXIN; FOOD ANIMALS; TOXINOTYPES; POLYMORPHISM; EPIDEMIC; DISEASE; HUMANS AB Clostridium difficile isolates from presumed community-associated infections (n = 92) were characterized by toxinotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, tcdC and cdtB PCR, and antimicrobial susceptibility. Nine toxinotypes (TOX) and 31 PFGE patterns were identified. TOX 0 (48, 52%), TOX III (18, 20%), and TOX V (9, 10%) were the most common; three isolates were nontoxigenic. C1 [Limbago, Brandi M.; Thompson, Angela D.; Killgore, George E.; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hannett, George E.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [Long, Cherie M.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Havill, Nancy L.] Hosp St Raphael, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Mickelson, Stephanie] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lathrop, Sarah] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Park, Mahin M.] Georgia Publ Hlth Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Harriman, Kathleen H.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Gould, L. Hannah; Angulo, Frederick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Limbago, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blimbago@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 3004 EP 3007 DI 10.1128/JCM.00964-09 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 489RL UT WOS:000269439600050 PM 19571021 ER PT J AU Xiao, LH Hlavsa, MC Yoder, J Ewers, C Dearen, T Yang, WL Nett, R Harris, S Brend, SM Harris, M Onischuk, L Valderrama, AL Cosgrove, S Xavier, K Hall, N Romero, S Young, S Johnston, SP Arrowood, M Roy, S Beach, MJ AF Xiao, Lihua Hlavsa, Michele C. Yoder, Jonathan Ewers, Christina Dearen, Theresa Yang, Wenli Nett, Randall Harris, Stephanie Brend, Sarah M. Harris, Meghan Onischuk, Lisa Valderrama, Amy L. Cosgrove, Shaun Xavier, Karen Hall, Nancy Romero, Sylvia Young, Stephen Johnston, Stephanie P. Arrowood, Michael Roy, Sharon Beach, Michael J. TI Subtype Analysis of Cryptosporidium Specimens from Sporadic Cases in Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, and Iowa in 2007: Widespread Occurrence of One Cryptosporidium hominis Subtype and Case History of an Infection with the Cryptosporidium Horse Genotype SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; RECREATIONAL WATER; SURVEILLANCE; SPP.; IDENTIFICATION; DISEASE; SAMPLES; HUMANS AB Subtyping was conducted in late 2007 on 57 Cryptosporidium specimens from sporadic cases in Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, and Iowa. One previously rare Cryptosporidium hominis subtype was indentified in 40 cases (70%) from all four states, and the Cryptosporidium horse genotype was identified in a pet shop employee with severe clinical symptoms. C1 [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ewers, Christina; Onischuk, Lisa] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM 87502 USA. [Nett, Randall] Idaho Dept Hlth & Welf, Boise, ID 83720 USA. [Harris, Stephanie] EPA Reg, Port Orchard, WA 98366 USA. [Brend, Sarah M.; Harris, Meghan; Hall, Nancy] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Cosgrove, Shaun; Xavier, Karen] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO 80246 USA. [Young, Stephen] Tricore Reference Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Bldg 22,Mail Stop F-12,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 NR 23 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 47 IS 9 BP 3017 EP 3020 DI 10.1128/JCM.00226-09 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 489RL UT WOS:000269439600054 PM 19587303 ER PT J AU Nix, WA Sedmak, G Pallansch, MA Bhattacharyya, S Oberste, MS AF Nix, W. A. Sedmak, G. Pallansch, M. A. Bhattacharyya, S. Oberste, M. S. TI Molecular characterization of human parechoviruses (HPEV) associated with sudden infant deaths in Wisconsin SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 12th Annnual Meeting of the European-Society-for=Clinical-Virology CY SEP 27-30, 2009 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP European Soc Clin Virol C1 [Nix, W. A.; Pallansch, M. A.; Oberste, M. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sedmak, G.; Bhattacharyya, S.] City Milwaukee Hlth Dept, Milwaukee, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 46 BP S55 EP S55 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 504PK UT WOS:000270629000237 ER PT J AU Selman, CA AF Selman, Carol A. TI Improving Environmental Assessments During Foodborne Outbreaks SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Selman, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cselman@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 72 IS 2 BP 46 EP 47 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 489YP UT WOS:000269463200009 PM 19761009 ER PT J AU Bakke, B De Roos, AJ Barr, DB Stewart, PA Blair, A Freeman, LB Lynch, CF Allen, RH Alavanja, MCR Vermeulen, R AF Bakke, Berit De Roos, Anneclaire J. Barr, Dana B. Stewart, Patricia A. Blair, Aaron Freeman, Laura Beane Lynch, Charles F. Allen, Ruth H. Alavanja, Michael C. R. Vermeulen, Roel TI Exposure to atrazine and selected non-persistent pesticides among corn farmers during a growing season SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exposure assessment; pesticide exposure; urine; farmers; prospective studies ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN URINE; METABOLITES AB The aim was to develop quantitative estimates of farmers' pesticide exposure to atrazine and to provide an overview of background levels of selected nonpersistent pesticides among corn farmers in a longitudinal molecular epidemiologic study. The study population consisted of 30 Agricultural Health Study farmers from Iowa and 10 non-farming controls. Farmers completed daily and weekly diaries from March to November in 2002 and 2003 on pesticide use and other exposure determinants. Urine samples were collected at 10 time points relative to atrazine application and other farming activities. Pesticide exposure was assessed using urinary metabolites and diaries. The analytical limit of detection (LOD) ranged between 0.1 and 0.2 mu g/l for all pesticide analytes except for isazaphos (1.5 mu g/l) and diazinon (0.7 mu g/l). Farmers had higher geometric mean urinary atrazine mercapturate (AZM) values than controls during planting (1.1 vs < LOD mu g/g creatinine; P < 0.05). AZM levels among farmers were significantly related to the amount of atrazine applied (P = 0.015). Interestingly, farmers had a larger proportion of samples above the LOD than controls even after exclusion of observations with an atrazine application within 7 days before urine collection (38% vs 6%, P < 0.0001). A similar pattern was observed for 2,4-D and acetochlor (92% vs 47%, P < 0.0001 and 45% vs 4%, P < 0.0001, respectively). Urinary AZM levels in farmers were largely driven by recent application of atrazine. Therefore, the amount of atrazine applied is likely to provide valid surrogates of atrazine exposure in epidemiologic studies. Elevated background levels of non-persistent pesticides, especially 2,4-D, indicate importance in epidemiologic studies of capturing pesticide exposures that might not be directly related to the actual application. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2009) 19, 544-554; doi:10.1038/jes.2008.53; published online 3 December 2008 C1 [Bakke, Berit; Stewart, Patricia A.; Blair, Aaron; Freeman, Laura Beane; Alavanja, Michael C. R.; Vermeulen, Roel] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Bakke, Berit] Natl Inst Occupat Hlth, Oslo, Norway. [De Roos, Anneclaire J.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [De Roos, Anneclaire J.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Barr, Dana B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lynch, Charles F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Allen, Ruth H.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Vermeulen, Roel] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Vermeulen, Roel] Utrecht Med Ctr, Julius Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Alavanja, MCR (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, 6120 Execut Blvd,Bldg EPS 8000, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM alavanjm@mail.nih.gov RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; Vermeulen, Roel/F-8037-2011; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015 OI Vermeulen, Roel/0000-0003-4082-8163; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124 FU National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute; Environmental Protection Agency, USA FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute and funding from the Environmental Protection Agency, USA. We thank Cynthia J Hines (National Institute for Occupational Health and Safety), Jane Hoppin (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences), and Kent Thomas (US Environmental Protection Agency), for useful comments on an earlier version of this article. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 19 IS 6 BP 544 EP 554 DI 10.1038/jes.2008.53 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 484VI UT WOS:000269076100003 PM 19052531 ER PT J AU Faul, M Sullivent, E Wald, M Xu, LK AF Faul, Mark Sullivent, Ernest Wald, Marlena Xu, Likang TI Helicopter Emergency Medical Services Transport Is Associated With Reduced Mortality in Injured Adults With TBI SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Faul, Mark; Sullivent, Ernest; Wald, Marlena; Xu, Likang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 24 IS 5 BP 406 EP 406 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 509WG UT WOS:000271049300049 ER PT J AU Lockman, S Creek, T AF Lockman, Shahin Creek, Tracy TI Acute Maternal HIV Infection during Pregnancy and Breast-Feeding: Substantial Risk to Infants SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; MOTHER-TO-INFANT; POSTNATAL TRANSMISSION; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; PREVENTION; KIGALI; RWANDA; WOMEN C1 [Lockman, Shahin] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Creek, Tracy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Mother Child Transmission Team, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lockman, Shahin] Botswana Harvard Sch Publ Hlth AIDS Initiat Partn, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Lockman, S (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, FXB 401,651 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM slockman@hsph.harvard.edu NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 5 BP 667 EP 669 DI 10.1086/605124 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 479TN UT WOS:000268683900001 PM 19627246 ER PT J AU Siebenga, JJ Vennema, H Zheng, DP Vinje, J Lee, BE Pang, XL Ho, ECM Lim, W Choudekar, A Broor, S Halperin, T Rasool, NBG Hewitt, J Greening, GE Jin, M Duan, ZJ Lucero, Y O'Ryan, M Hoehne, M Schreier, E Ratcliff, RM White, PA Iritani, N Reuter, G Koopmans, M AF Siebenga, J. Joukje Vennema, Harry Zheng, Du-Ping Vinje, Jan Lee, Bonita E. Pang, Xiao-Li Ho, Eric C. M. Lim, Wilina Choudekar, Avinash Broor, Shobha Halperin, Tamar Rasool, Nassar B. G. Hewitt, Joanne Greening, Gail E. Jin, Miao Duan, Zhao-Jun Lucero, Yalda O'Ryan, Miguel Hoehne, Marina Schreier, Eckart Ratcliff, Rodney M. White, Peter A. Iritani, Nobuhiro Reuter, Gabor Koopmans, Marion TI Norovirus Illness Is a Global Problem: Emergence and Spread of Norovirus GII.4 Variants, 2001-2007 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Calicivirus Conference CY NOV 10-13, 2007 CL Cancun, MEXICO ID ROUND-STRUCTURED VIRUSES; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAKS; SPORADIC GASTROENTERITIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS; GENOGROUP-I; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION AB Background. Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis. Their high incidence and importance in health care facilities result in a great impact on public health. Studies from around the world describing increasing prevalence have been difficult to compare because of differing nomenclatures for variants of the dominant genotype, GII. 4. We studied the global patterns of GII. 4 epidemiology in relation to its genetic diversity. Methods. Data from NoV outbreaks with dates of onset from January 2001 through March 2007 were collected from 15 institutions on 5 continents. Partial genome sequences (n = 775) were collected, allowing phylogenetic comparison of data from different countries. Results. The 15 institutions reported 3098 GII. 4 outbreaks, 62% of all reported NoV outbreaks. Eight GII. 4 variants were identified. Four had a global distribution-the 1996, 2002, 2004, and 2006b variants. The 2003Asia and 2006a variants caused epidemics, but they were geographically limited. Finally, the 2001Japan and 2001Henry variants were found across the world but at low frequencies. Conclusions. NoV epidemics resulted from the global spread of GII. 4 strains that evolved under the influence of population immunity. Lineages show notable (and currently unexplained) differences in geographic prevalence. Establishing a global NoV network by which data on strains with the potential to cause pandemics can be rapidly exchanged may lead to improved prevention and intervention strategies. C1 [Siebenga, J. Joukje; Vennema, Harry; Koopmans, Marion] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Siebenga, J. Joukje; Koopmans, Marion] Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Zheng, Du-Ping; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Bonita E.; Pang, Xiao-Li] Prov Publ Hlth Lab Microbiol, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Ho, Eric C. M.; Lim, Wilina] Ctr Hlth Protect, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Jin, Miao; Duan, Zhao-Jun] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Viral Diarrhea, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Choudekar, Avinash; Broor, Shobha] All India Inst Med Sci, New Delhi, India. [Rasool, Nassar B. G.] Univ Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Hewitt, Joanne; Greening, Gail E.] Inst Environm Sci & Res, Porirua, New Zealand. [Lucero, Yalda; O'Ryan, Miguel] Univ Chile, Inst Biomed Sci, Santiago, Chile. [Hoehne, Marina; Schreier, Eckart] Robert Koch Inst, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. [Ratcliff, Rodney M.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Mol & Biomed Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Ratcliff, Rodney M.] Univ Adelaide, Inst Med & Vet Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [White, Peter A.] Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Iritani, Nobuhiro] Osaka City Inst Publ Hlth & Environm Sci, Osaka 543, Japan. [Reuter, Gabor] ANTSZ Reg Inst State Publ Hlth Serv, Pecs, Hungary. RP Siebenga, JJ (reprint author), LIS VIR, RIVM, Postbus 1, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM Joukje.Siebenga@RIVM.nl RI White, Peter/C-6573-2012; O'Ryan, Miguel/H-3478-2013; Reuter, Gabor/I-7412-2013; OI White, Peter/0000-0002-6046-9631; O'Ryan, Miguel/0000-0002-7926-2163; Reuter, Gabor/0000-0002-5857-4934; Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 NR 50 TC 333 Z9 353 U1 6 U2 64 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 5 BP 802 EP 812 DI 10.1086/605127 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 479TN UT WOS:000268683900019 PM 19627248 ER PT J AU Aburto, NJ Ramirez-Zea, M Neufeld, LM Flores-Ayala, R AF Aburto, Nancy J. Ramirez-Zea, Manuel Neufeld, Lynnette M. Flores-Ayala, Rafael TI Some Indicators of Nutritional Status Are Associated with Activity and Exploration in Infants at Risk for Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DAILY ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT; UNDERNOURISHED CHILDREN; IRON-DEFICIENCY; BEHAVIORAL-DEVELOPMENT; DIETARY INTERVENTION; COLOMBIAN CHILDREN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MOTOR DEVELOPMENT; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS AB Severe malnutrition, both protein-energy and micronutrient deficiency, results in decreased activity, but the results regarding mild-to-moderate malnutrition are equivocal. Our objective in this investigation was to describe the activity and exploratory behavior of Mexican infants and describe the relationship among nutritional status, activity, and exploration in this population at high risk for mild-to-mode rate micronutrient deficiency, but at low risk for severe malnutrition. The participants were infants, 4-12 mo old, of low socioeconomic status from 3 states in southern Mexico. We measured anthropometrics using standard techniques. We measured hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in the field and adjusted values for altitude before analysis. We measured activity-and exploration by direct observation during 15 min of individual play in a novel environment. Cluster analysis generated mutually exclusive activity clusters and exploration clusters based on patterns of bodily movement and exploratory behavior, respectively. We categorized the clusters as higher or lower activity or higher or lower exploration. A higher Hb concentration and height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) significantly increased the odds of being in the high-activity cluster. Iron deficiency, stunting, and wasting significantly decreased the odds of being in the high-activity cluster. Higher HAZ and weight-for-age Z-score significantly increased the odds of being in a higher exploration cluster. In Mexican infants at risk for mild-to-moderate micronutrient deficiency but at low risk of severe malnutrition, some indicators of nutritional status were related to increased activity and exploration. J. Nutr. 139:1751-1757, 2009. C1 [Aburto, Nancy J.; Flores-Ayala, Rafael] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Aburto, Nancy J.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Nutr & Hlth Res Ctr, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico. [Ramirez-Zea, Manuel; Neufeld, Lynnette M.] Inst Nutr Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City 01011, Guatemala. RP Aburto, NJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gdi9@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 139 IS 9 BP 1751 EP 1757 DI 10.3945/jn.108.100487 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 485YV UT WOS:000269163300021 PM 19640971 ER PT J AU Syamlal, G Mazurek, JM Bang, KM AF Syamlal, Girija Mazurek, Jacek M. Bang, Ki Moon TI Prevalence of Lifetime Asthma and Current Asthma Attacks in US Working Adults: An Analysis of the 1997-2004 National Health Interview Survey Data SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; GENERAL-POPULATION; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; THORACIC-SOCIETY; CARE WORKERS; RISK-FACTORS; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; WOMEN AB Objective: To estimate national prevalences of lifetime asthma and asthma attacks among workers by age, sex, race, occupation and industry, and estimate population attributable fraction to employment for asthma attacks in the United States. Methods: The 1997-2004 National Health Interview Survey data for currently working adults aged >= 18 years were analyzed. Results: Lifetime asthma prevalence was 9.2%; the social services religious and membership organizations industry and the health service occupation had the highest asthma Prevalence. Asthma attack prevalence among workers with asthma was 35.4%; the primary metal industry and the health assessment and treating occupation had the highest attack prevalence. Approximately, 5.9% of cases reporting an asthma attack were attributed to employment when considering industries and 3.8% when considering occupations. Conclusions: Future studies and intervention strategies should address the higher prevalence of asthma in certain industries and occupations. (J Occup Environ Med. 2009;51:1066-1074) C1 [Syamlal, Girija; Mazurek, Jacek M.; Bang, Ki Moon] NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Syamlal, G (reprint author), NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mail Stop HG900-2, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM gos2@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 51 IS 9 BP 1066 EP 1074 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181b3510a PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 495MD UT WOS:000269896200012 PM 19730397 ER PT J AU Eke, PI Dye, B AF Eke, Paul I. Dye, Bruce TI Assessment of Self-Report Measures for Predicting Population Prevalence of Periodontitis SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NHANES; oral health; periodontal disease; surveillance ID SURVEILLANCE; VALIDITY; HEALTH; QUESTIONS; DISEASE AB Background: Self-report measures have been used successfully for the surveillance of chronic diseases in adult populations. This pilot study assessed the use of self-report oral health measures for predicting the population prevalence of periodontitis in United States adults. Methods: Data were collected from 456 subjects participating in a 2007 study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Each subject answered eight predetermined oral health self-report questions obtained from in-person interviews and were given a full-mouth periodontal examination using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey protocol. The predictiveness of measures from these self-report questions was assessed by multivariable logistic regression modeling measuring receiver operating characteristic (ROC) statistics, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: Multivariable modeling incorporating self-report measures on gum disease, loose teeth, and tooth appearance alone were most useful in predicting the prevalence of severe periodontitis and improved with the addition of demographic and risk factor variables, yielding an ROC value of 0.93, sensitivity of 54.6%, and specificity of 98% at the observed 4.8% prevalence of disease. Scaling and root planing treatments, loose teeth, and the use of mouthwash, combined with demographic and risk factor covariates, were moderately useful in predicting total periodontitis. Conclusions: Multivariable modeling of specific self-report oral health measures is promising for predicting the population prevalence of severe periodontitis, confirming earlier assessments from a national survey. These results justify further assessments of self-report oral health measures for use in the surveillance of periodontitis in the adult United States population. J Periodontol 2009;80:1371-1379. C1 [Eke, Paul I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dye, Bruce] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Eke, PI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Rhodes Bldg,Mail Stop F-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM peke@cdc.gov FU DOH, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC; National Center for Health Statistics, CDC; CDC Foundation; AAP; Division of Oral Health; CDC; CDC Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia FX The authors acknowledge the contributions of members of the CDC-AAP Periodontal Disease Surveillance Workgroup.2 This study was the result of a long-term effort that benefited from support provided by leadership of the Division of Oral Health (DOH), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Coordinating Center for Health Promotion, CDC, and the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP). In particular, we recognize the support and contributions of Alice DeForest, executive director, AAP, and Drs. Gordon Douglass, RobertGenco, and Roy Page (past president of AAP and AAP representatives in the workgroup, respectively). The funding and conduct of this study was a collaborative effort among the DOH, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC; the National Center for Health Statistics, CDC; the CDC Foundation; and the AAP. This study was funded by the Division of Oral Health, CDC, and the CDC Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia. The authors report no financial relationship related to any products involved in this study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 14 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 USA SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 80 IS 9 BP 1371 EP 1379 DI 10.1902/jop.2009.080607 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 497XM UT WOS:000270098300001 PM 19722785 ER PT J AU Bauman, A Ainsworth, BE Bull, F Craig, CL Hagstromer, M Sallis, JF Pratt, M Sjostrom, M AF Bauman, Adrian Ainsworth, Barbara E. Bull, Fiona Craig, Cora L. Hagstromer, Maria Sallis, James F. Pratt, Michael Sjostrom, Michael TI Progress and Pitfalls in the Use of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for Adult Physical Activity Surveillance SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; POPULATION; HEALTH; SAMPLE; INACTIVITY; VALIDITY C1 [Bauman, Adrian] Univ Sydney, Ctr Phys Act & Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Ainsworth, Barbara E.] Arizona State Univ, Healthy Lifestyles Res Ctr, Mesa, AZ USA. [Ainsworth, Barbara E.] Arizona State Univ, Program Exercise & Wellness, Coll Nursing & Hlth Innovat, Mesa, AZ USA. [Bull, Fiona] Univ Loughborough, Sch Sport & Exercise Sci, Loughborough, Leics, England. [Bull, Fiona] Univ Western Australia, Sch Populat Hlth, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. [Craig, Cora L.] Canadian Fitness & Lifestyle Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Hagstromer, Maria; Sjostrom, Michael] Karolinska Inst, Dept Biosci & Nutr Novum, Stockholm, Sweden. [Sallis, James F.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bauman, A (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Ctr Phys Act & Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RI Bull, Fiona/G-4148-2012 NR 32 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 2 U2 15 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 SU 1 BP S5 EP S8 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 664AO UT WOS:000282931500003 PM 19998844 ER PT J AU Carlson, SA Densmore, D Fulton, JE Yore, MM Kohl, HW AF Carlson, Susan A. Densmore, Dianna Fulton, Janet E. Yore, Michelle M. Kohl, Harold W., III TI Differences in Physical Activity Prevalence and Trends From 3 U.S. Surveillance Systems: NHIS, NHANES, and BRFSS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE health behavior; questionnaires; Healthy People 2010; adults ID UNITED-STATES; TELEPHONE; HEALTH AB Background: Three U.S. surveillance systems-National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)-estimate physical activity prevalence. Methods: Survey differences were examined qualitatively. Prevalence estimates by sex, age, and race/ethnicity were assessed for comparable survey periods. Trends were examined from NHIS 1998 to 2007, NHANES 1999 to 2006, and BRFSS 2001 to 2007. Results: Age-adjusted prevalence estimates appeared most similar for NHIS 2005 (physically active: 30.2%, inactive: 40.7%) and NHANES 2005 to 2006 (physically active: 33.5%, inactive: 32.4%). In BRFSS 2005, prevalence of being physically active was 48.3% and inactive was 13.9%. Across all systems, men were more likely to be active than women; non-Hispanic whites were most likely to be active; as age increased, overall prevalence of being active decreased. Prevalence of being active exhibited a significant increasing trend only in BRFSS 2001 to 2007 (P <.001), while prevalence of being inactive decreased significantly in NHANES 1999 to 2006 (P <.001) and BRFSS 2001 to 2007 (P <.001). Conclusions: Different ways of assessing physical activity in surveillance systems result in different prevalence estimates. Before comparing estimates from different systems, all aspects of data collection and data analysis should be examined to determine if comparisons are appropriate. C1 [Carlson, Susan A.; Densmore, Dianna; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yore, Michelle M.] Orlando Epidemiol, Orlando, FL USA. [Kohl, Harold W., III] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Austin, TX USA. RP Carlson, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 23 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 6 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 SU 1 BP S18 EP S27 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 664AO UT WOS:000282931500005 PM 19998846 ER PT J AU Fulton, JE Wang, XW Yore, MM Carlson, SA Galuska, DA Caspersen, CJ AF Fulton, Janet E. Wang, Xuewen Yore, Michelle M. Carlson, Susan A. Galuska, Deborah A. Caspersen, Carl J. TI Television Viewing, Computer Use, and BMI Among U.S. Children and Adolescents SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE exercise; physical activity; sedentary behavior; objectives; recommendations ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; ETHNICITY; YOUTH; MEDIA; INTERVENTION AB Background: To examine the prevalence of television (TV) viewing, computer use, and their combination and associations with demographic characteristics and body mass index (BMI) among U.S. youth. Methods: The 1999 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was used. Time spent yesterday sitting and watching television or videos (TV viewing) and using the computer or playing computer games (computer use) were assessed by questionnaire. Results: Prevalence (%) of meeting the U.S. objective for TV viewing (<= 2 hours/day) ranged from 65% to 71%. Prevalence of no computer use (0 hours/day) ranged from 23% to 45%. Non-Hispanic Black youth aged 2 to 15 years were less likely than their non-Hispanic White counterparts to meet the objective for TV viewing. Overweight or obese school-age youth were less likely than their normal weight counterparts to meet the objective for TV viewing Conclusions: Computer use is prevalent among U.S. youth; more than half of youth used a computer on the previous day. The proportion of youth meeting the U.S. objective for TV viewing is less than the target of 75%. Time spent in sedentary behaviors such as viewing TV may contribute to overweight and obesity among U.S. youth. C1 [Fulton, Janet E.; Yore, Michelle M.; Carlson, Susan A.; Galuska, Deborah A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wang, Xuewen] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Geriatr & Nutr Sci, St Louis, MO USA. [Caspersen, Carl J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fulton, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Caspersen, Carl/B-2494-2009 NR 34 TC 42 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 8 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 SU 1 BP S28 EP S35 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 664AO UT WOS:000282931500006 PM 19998847 ER PT J AU Galuska, DA Fulton, JE AF Galuska, Deborah A. Fulton, Janet E. TI Physical Activity Surveillance: Providing Public Health Data for Decision Makers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Galuska, Deborah A.; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Galuska, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 SU 1 BP S1 EP S2 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 664AO UT WOS:000282931500001 PM 19998842 ER PT J AU Loustalot, F Carlson, SA Fulton, JE Kruger, J Galuska, DA Lobelo, F AF Loustalot, Fleetwood Carlson, Susan A. Fulton, Janet E. Kruger, Judy Galuska, Deborah A. Lobelo, Felipe TI Prevalence of Self-Reported Aerobic Physical Activity Among U.S. States and Territories-Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2007 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans; Healthy People 2010; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ID UNITED-STATES AB Background: Accurate surveillance data on physical activity prevalence is important for U.S. states and territories as they develop programs and interventions to increase physical activity participation. Methods: Using 2007 data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we estimated the percentage of U.S. adults in each U.S. state and territory who met minimum aerobic activity criteria using the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (2008 Guidelines) and the Healthy People 2010 criteria for physical activity. SUDAAN was used to calculate prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The estimated prevalence of recommended aerobic activity in U.S. states and territories ranged from 44.5% to 73.3% according to 2008 Guidelines and from 30.8% to 60.0% according to Healthy People 2010 criteria. Absolute percent differences in prevalence among U.S. states and territories ranged from 11.7% to 19.1%, and relative percent differences ranged from 20.8% to 44.6%. Conclusions: In all U.S. states and territories, a larger proportion of U.S. adults met minimum aerobic activity criteria in the 2008 Guidelines than met corresponding criteria in Healthy People 2010. This difference, however, does not reflect an actual change in the amount of aerobic activity, but a change to the criteria for meeting 2008 Guidelines. C1 [Loustalot, Fleetwood; Carlson, Susan A.; Fulton, Janet E.; Kruger, Judy; Galuska, Deborah A.; Lobelo, Felipe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Loustalot, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI lobelo, felipe/B-9148-2013 NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 SU 1 BP S9 EP S17 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 664AO UT WOS:000282931500004 PM 19998845 ER PT J AU Lowry, R Lee, SM Fulton, JE Kann, L AF Lowry, Richard Lee, Sarah M. Fulton, Janet E. Kann, Laura TI Healthy People 2010 Objectives for Physical Activity, Physical Education, and Television Viewing Among Adolescents: National Trends From the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1999-2007 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE exercise; sedentary; behaviors; students ID US CHILDREN; OVERWEIGHT; OBESITY AB Background: To help inform policies and programs, a need exists to understand the extent to which Healthy People 2010 objectives for physical activity, physical education (PE), and television (TV) viewing among adolescents are being achieved. Methods: As part of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 5 national school-based surveys were conducted biennially from 1999 through 2007. Each survey used a 3-stage cross-sectional sample of students in grades 9 to 12 and provided self-reported data from approximately 14,000 students. Logistic regression models that controlled for sex, race/ethnicity, and grade were used to analyze secular trends. Results: During 1999 to 2007, prevalence estimates for regular participation in moderate and vigorous physical activity, participation in daily PE classes, and being physically active in PE classes did not change significantly among female, male, white, black, or Hispanic students. In contrast, the prevalence of TV viewing for 2 or fewer hours on a school day increased significantly among female, male, white, black, and Hispanic students and among students in every grade except 12th grade. Conclusions: Among US adolescents, no significant progress has been made toward increasing participation in physical activity or school PE classes; however, improvements have been made in reducing TV viewing time. C1 [Lowry, Richard; Lee, Sarah M.; Kann, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lowry, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 32 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 SU 1 BP S36 EP S45 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 664AO UT WOS:000282931500007 PM 19998848 ER PT J AU Pratt, M Fulton, JE AF Pratt, Michael Fulton, Janet E. TI Staying on Task: Challenges of Global Physical Activity Surveillance SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID PUBLIC-HEALTH C1 [Pratt, Michael; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pratt, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 SU 1 BP S3 EP S4 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 664AO UT WOS:000282931500002 PM 19998843 ER PT J AU Walker, JT Mowen, AJ Hendricks, WW Kruger, J Morrow, JR Bricker, K AF Walker, Joseph T. Mowen, Andrew J. Hendricks, William W. Kruger, Judy Morrow, James R., Jr. Bricker, Kelly TI Physical Activity in the Park Setting (PA-PS) Questionnaire: Reliability in a California Statewide Sample SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE surveillance; recreation; exercise; health ID AGREEMENT AB Background: The Physical Activity in Parks Setting (PA-PS) instrument is a series of survey questions designed by a consortium of public health and leisure research scholars to gauge park-based physical activity for use in civilian, noninstitutionalized populations. This paper introduces this self-reported instrument and provides test-retest reliability results. Methods: Data to test the instrument reliability were collected during 2 waves in 2008 through the California Outdoor Recreation Opinions and Attitudes Telephone Survey. To conduct test-retest reliability we examined the agreement between 100 randomly reselected respondents from the first wave of respondents (n = 2004) that answered the same survey within 21 to 30 days of the initial administration. Results: The reliability of measures that categorized individual park use and visitation with others provided moderate levels of agreement (Kappa = 0.44 to 0.64). Questions about park features, facilities and amenity use, and specific park-based physical activity participation were of fair to substantial agreement (Kappa = 0.21 to 0.90) depending on the item in question. Conclusion: The results from these test-retest reliability analyses suggest the PA-PS items were reliable and should be considered in future population surveys that assess park visitation patterns and park-based physical activity levels. C1 [Walker, Joseph T.; Morrow, James R., Jr.] Univ N Texas, Dept Kinesiol Hlth Promot Recreat, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Mowen, Andrew J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Recreat Pk & Tourism Management, State Coll, PA USA. [Hendricks, William W.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Recreat Parks & Tourism Adm, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Kruger, Judy] Ctr Dis Control, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bricker, Kelly] Univ Utah, Dept Parks Recreat & Tourism, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Walker, JT (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Kinesiol Hlth Promot Recreat, Denton, TX 76203 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 SU 1 BP S97 EP S104 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 664AO UT WOS:000282931500014 PM 19998855 ER PT J AU Ervin, RB Dye, BA AF Ervin, R. Bethene Dye, Bruce A. TI The Effect of Functional Dentition on Healthy Eating Index Scores and Nutrient Intakes in a Nationally Representative Sample of Older Adults SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE NHANES; Healthy Eating Index (HEI); nutrients; dentate status; carotenes; elderly ID NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; ORAL-HEALTH; US ADULTS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; DIET QUALITY; FOOD; PEOPLE; TEETH AB Objective: The objectives of this study were to examine the associations between functional dentition and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores and nutrient intakes among older adults in the United States. Methods: The sample consisted of 2,560 adults, 60 years and over from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. We used multivariate linear regression to examine associations between functional dentition and HEI scores or nutrient intakes controlling for the potential confounding effects of age, race/ethnicity, education, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), self-reported health, and caloric intake. Dentate status was classified as: edentulous (no natural permanent teeth or implants), 1-20 teeth, or >= 21 teeth. A functional dentition was defined as having 21 or more teeth present. HEI scores and nutrient intakes were based on one 24-hour dietary recall. Results: Males with a functional dentition consumed slightly more fruit and had higher alpha- and beta-carotene intakes than edentulous males. Females with any natural teeth had higher vitamin C intakes than edentulous females. There were no significant associations between dentate status and any of the remaining HEI scores or nutrient intakes for either sex. Conclusions: Having a functional dentition did not contribute substantially to higher HEI scores or nutrient intakes in this nationally representative sample of older adults. However, older men and women with no teeth or those who wear dentures consumed fewer servings of fruits and vegetables, especially those rich in carotenes and vitamin C, than those with teeth. C1 [Ervin, R. Bethene; Dye, Bruce A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth Examinat Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Ervin, R. Bethene; Dye, Bruce A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Ervin, RB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth Examinat Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Rm 4420, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM rbe0@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU AAPHD NATIONAL OFFICE PI PORTLAND PA 3760 SW LYLE COURT, PORTLAND, OR 97221 USA SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD FAL PY 2009 VL 69 IS 4 BP 207 EP 216 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2009.00124.x PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 528KD UT WOS:000272442300001 PM 19453869 ER PT J AU Brown, DW AF Brown, David W. TI Complete Edentulism Prior to the Age of 65 Years is Associated with All-Cause Mortality SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE tooth loss; mortality; cohort studies ID NATIONAL DEATH INDEX; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; TOOTH LOSS; ORAL-HEALTH; FOLLOW-UP; PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; VALIDITY; TEETH; WOMEN AB Purpose: We examine the relationship between complete edentulism prior to the age of 65 years and all-cause mortality after adjustment for socioeconomic characteristics. Methods: Using data from 41,000 adult participants in the 1986 National Health Interview Survey, with mortality follow-up data on each cohort member through December 31, 2002 (16 years follow-up), we estimated the relative odds of all-cause mortality among adults (age >= 18 years) with complete edentulism prior to the age of 65 years compared with that among those without the condition. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses were repeated for complete edentulism at any age. Results: The age-standardized prevalence of complete edentulism was 12.3 percent [95 percent confidence interval (CI), 12.0-12.6]. Among persons aged < 65 years, the risk of death from all causes was 19 percent for persons with complete edentulism compared to 10 percent for persons without. Compared with those without complete tooth loss, the risk of death from all causes was 1.5 (95 percent CI, 1.3-1.7) (P < 0.001) times greater for persons with complete edentulism prior to the age of 65 years after multivariable adjustment. Similar results were observed for complete edentulism among persons aged >= 65 years. Conclusions: Complete edentulism prior to the age of 65 years was associated with all-cause mortality after multivariable adjustment for several socioeconomic characteristics. These results provide further evidence supporting the notion that poor oral health as evidenced by complete edentulism is an important public health issue across the lifespan. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Brown, DW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE MS K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dbrown6@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU AAPHD NATIONAL OFFICE PI PORTLAND PA 3760 SW LYLE COURT, PORTLAND, OR 97221 USA SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD FAL PY 2009 VL 69 IS 4 BP 260 EP 266 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2009.00132.x PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 528KD UT WOS:000272442300008 PM 19453862 ER PT J AU Pazol, K Prill, MM Gazmararian, JA O'Malley, EM Jelks, D Coleman, MS Hinman, AR Orenstein, WA AF Pazol, Karen Prill, Mila M. Gazmararian, Julie A. O'Malley, Emily M. Jelks, Deborah Coleman, Margaret S. Hinman, Alan R. Orenstein, Walter A. TI Support for Universal Childhood Vaccination Against Influenza Among Private Pediatric Clinics and Public Health Departments in Georgia SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices; influenza; school vaccination programs; universal vaccination ID CHRONIC MEDICAL CONDITIONS; PRIMARY-CARE PRACTICES; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; HEPATITIS-B; CHILDREN; SCHOOLCHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; VISITS; HOSPITALIZATIONS AB Recently, it has been recommended that all persons 6 months to 18 years be vaccinated annually against influenza, To assess support for this universal recommendation leading up to its implementation, a cross-sectional survey of healthcare workers at private pediatric clinics (N = 44) and public health departments (N = 75) was conducted. The survey, conducted in the state of Georgia during 2005-2006, asked about (a) support for universal childhood vaccination against influenza, (b) general and influenza-specific immunization practices in 2004-2005, and (c) types of assistance needed to implement a universal childhood recommendation. Our response rate was 70 percent for private clinics and 71 percent for public health departments. The majority of providers supported universal childhood vaccination against influenza; agreement was especially pronounced at public health departments. Public health departments employed more nurses and were more likely to have a policy of vaccinating parents along with their children; private clinics were more likely to use patient reminders or add extra hours during the influenza vaccination season. Respondents from both types of clinics indicated they would need multiple forms of assistance to implement a universal recommendation for childhood vaccination against influenza. Given the strong support for universal vaccination among healthcare workers at public health departments, these facilities may be instrumental for reaching the large number of children recently added to the recommendations. However, these facilities will need multiple forms of assistance. C1 [Pazol, Karen] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Prill, Mila M.] P3S Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Prill, Mila M.; Coleman, Margaret S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gazmararian, Julie A.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [O'Malley, Emily M.] UCB Inc, Smyrna, GA USA. [Jelks, Deborah] Georgia Dept Human Resources, Div Publ Hlth, Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hinman, Alan R.] Task Force Global Hlth, Decatur, GA USA. [Orenstein, Walter A.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Global Hlth Program, Seattle, WA USA. RP Pazol, K (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Room 446,Dent Bldg,1462 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kpazol@emory.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [1P20RR020735] NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 15 IS 5 BP 393 EP 400 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 485OV UT WOS:000269134000004 PM 19704307 ER PT J AU Nelson, AE Braga, L Braga-Baiak, A Atashili, J Schwartz, TA Renner, JB Helmick, CG Jordan, JM AF Nelson, Amanda E. Braga, Larissa Braga-Baiak, Andresa Atashili, Julius Schwartz, Todd A. Renner, Jordan B. Helmick, Charles G. Jordan, Joanne M. TI Static Knee Alignment Measurements among Caucasians and African Americans: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; RACIAL DIFFERENCES; KNEE ALIGNMENT ID PROGRESSION; PREVALENCE; CHINESE; VALGUS; VARUS AB Objective. To determine if knee alignment measures differ between African Americans and Caucasians without radiographic knee osteoarthritis (rOA). Methods. A single knee was randomly selected from 175 participants in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project without rOA in either knee. Anatomic axis, condylar, tibia] plateau, and condylar plateau angles were measured by I radiologist; means were compared and adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI). Results. There were no significant differences in knee alignment measurements between Caucasians and African Americans among men or women. Conclusion. Observed differences in knee rOA occurrence between African Americans and Caucasians are not explained by differences in static knee alignment. (First Release July 15 2009; J Rheumatol 2009;36:1987-90; doi: 10.3899/jrheum.081294) C1 [Nelson, Amanda E.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Radiol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nelson, AE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, 3300 Thurston Bldg,CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM AENelson@unch.unc.edu RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543 FU NIAMS NIH HHS [T32 AR007416, T32 AR007416-26, T-32-AR007416]; PHS HHS [S3486, S043] NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 36 IS 9 BP 1987 EP 1990 DI 10.3899/jrheum.081294 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 492RT UT WOS:000269677600026 PM 19605676 ER PT J AU Hess, R Avis, N Chang, YF Thurston, R Bromberger, J Greendale, G Randolph, J Cain, V Dye, C Clark, M Matthews, K AF Hess, Rachel Avis, Nancy Chang, Yuefang Thurston, Rebecca Bromberger, Joyce Greendale, Gail Randolph, John Cain, Virginia Dye, Claire Clark, Margaret Matthews, Karen TI RELATIONSHIP QUALITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH SEXUAL FUNCTIONING IN MIDLIFE WOMEN: RESULTS FROM THE STUDY OF WOMEN'S HEALTH ACROSS THE NATION SO JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bromberger, Joyce] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Avis, Nancy] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Greendale, Gail; Dye, Claire] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Randolph, John] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Cain, Virginia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Clark, Margaret] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1743-6095 J9 J SEX MED JI J. Sex. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 BP 370 EP 370 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 490MO UT WOS:000269505300015 ER PT J AU Bernhardt, JM Usdan, S Mays, D Martin, R Cremeens, J Arriola, KJ AF Bernhardt, Jay M. Usdan, Stuart Mays, Darren Martin, Ryan Cremeens, Jennifer Arriola, Kimberly Jacob TI Alcohol Assessment Among College Students Using Wireless Mobile Technology SO JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS LA English DT Article ID TIMELINE FOLLOW-BACK; HAND-HELD COMPUTERS; DRINKING PATTERNS; CONSUMPTION; RELIABILITY; CONSEQUENCES; INTERVIEWS; TELEPHONE; VALIDITY AB Objective: This study used a two-group randomized design to assess the validity of measuring self-reported alcohol consumption among college students using the Handheld Assisted Network Diary (HAND), a daily diary assessment administered using wireless mobile devices. Method: A convenience sample of college students was recruited at a large, public university in the southeastern United States and randomized into two groups. A randomly assigned group of 86 students completed the daily HAND assessment during the 30-day study and a Timeline Followback (TLFB) at 30-day follow-up. A randomly assigned group of 82 Students completed the paper-and-pencil Daily Social Diary (DSD) over the same study period. Data from the daily HAND assessment were compared with the TLFB completed at follow-up by participants who completed the HAND using 95% limits of agreement analysis. Furthermore, individual growth model,, were used to examine differences between the HAND and DSD by comparing the total drinks, drinking clays, and drinks per drinking day captured by the two assessments over the study period. Results: Results suggest that the HAND captured similar levels of alcohol use compared with the TLFB completed at follow-up by the same participants. In addition, comparisons of the two study groups suggest that, controlling for baseline alcohol use and demographics, the HAND assessment captured similar levels of total drinks, drinking days, and drinks per drinking day as, the paper-and-pencil DSD. Conclusions: The study findings support the validity of wireless mobile devices as a daily assessment of alcohol use among college students. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs 70: 771-775, 2009) C1 [Bernhardt, Jay M.; Usdan, Stuart; Mays, Darren; Martin, Ryan; Cremeens, Jennifer; Arriola, Kimberly Jacob] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Bernhardt, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E21, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jbernhardt@cdc.gov OI Bernhardt, Jay/0000-0002-2045-4005 FU National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [5R21AA013969-03]; Research Participation Program for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an agreement between the Department of Energy and the CDC (Darren Mays); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism grant 5R21AA013969-03. The preparation of this manuscript was Supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an agreement between the Department of Energy and the CDC (Darren Mays). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV PI PISCATAWAY PA C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA SN 1937-1888 EI 1938-4114 J9 J STUD ALCOHOL DRUGS JI J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs PD SEP PY 2009 VL 70 IS 5 BP 771 EP 775 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 496MY UT WOS:000269979800016 PM 19737502 ER PT J AU Keckler, M Gallardo-Romero, NF Langham, G Carroll, DS Karem, KL Damon, IK AF Keckler, M. Gallardo-Romero, N. F. Langham, G. Carroll, D. S. Karem, K. L. Damon, I. K. TI Physiologic Reference Ranges for Age-Matched, Wild Caught Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Keckler, M.; Gallardo-Romero, N. F.; Carroll, D. S.; Karem, K. L.; Damon, I. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCZVED, DVRD, PRB, Lawrenceville, NJ USA. [Langham, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCPDCID, DSR, ARB, Lawrenceville, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 48 IS 5 BP 627 EP 627 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 502SI UT WOS:000270480000322 ER PT J AU Cleveland, JL Robison, VA Panlilio, AL AF Cleveland, Jennifer L. Robison, Valerie A. Panlilio, Adelisa L. TI Tuberculosis epidemiology, diagnosis and infection control recommendations for dental settings An update on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Tuberculosis; epidemiology; diagnosis; dentistry; infection control; guidelines ID UNITED-STATES; MASKS AB Background. Although rates of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States have decreased in recent years, disparities in TB incidence still exist between U.S.-born and foreign-born people (people living in the United States but born outside it) and between white people and nonwhite people. In addition, the number of TB outbreaks among health care personnel and patients has decreased since the implementation of the 1994 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines to prevent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this article, the authors provide updates on the epidemiology of TB, advances in TB diagnostic methods and TB infection control guidelines for dental settings. Results. In 2008, 83 percent of all reported TB cases in the United States occurred in nonwhite people and 17 percent occurred in white people. Foreign-born people had a TB rate about 10 times higher than that of U.S.-born people. New blood assays for M. tuberculosis have been developed to diagnose TB infection and disease. Changes from the 1994 CDC guidelines incorporated into CDC's "Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005" include revised risk classifications, new TB diagnostic methods, decreased frequencies of tuberculin skin testing in various settings and changes in terminology. Clinical Implications. Although the principles of TB infection control have remained the same, the changing epidemiology of TB and the advent of new diagnostic methods for TB led to the development of the 2005 update to the 1994 guidelines. Dental health care personnel should be aware of the modifications that are pertinent to dental settings and incorporate them into their overall infection control programs. C1 [Cleveland, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Oral Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Robison, Valerie A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIVAIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Panlilio, Adelisa L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cleveland, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Oral Hlth, MS F-10,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JLCleveland@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 140 IS 9 BP 1092 EP 1099 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 492RL UT WOS:000269676800013 PM 19723941 ER PT J AU Weaver, JB Mays, D Lindner, G Eroglu, D Fridinger, F Bernhardt, JM AF Weaver, James B., III Mays, Darren Lindner, Gregg Eroglu, Dogan Fridinger, Frederick Bernhardt, Jay M. TI Profiling Characteristics of Internet Medical Information Users SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL TRENDS SURVEY; HEALTH INFORMATION; DIGITAL DIVIDE; INTERVENTIONS; TECHNOLOGY; CONSUMERS; ILLNESS; IMPACT AB Objective: The Internet's potential to bolster health promotion and disease prevention efforts has attracted considerable attention. Existing research leaves two things unclear, however: the prevalence of online health and medical information seeking and the distinguishing characteristics of individuals who seek that information. Design: This study seeks to clarify and extend the knowledge base concerning health and medical information use online by profiling adults using Internet medical information (IMI). Secondary analysis of survey data from a large sample (n = 6,119) representative of the Atlanta, GA, area informed this investigation. Measurements: Five survey questions were used to assess IMI use and general computer and Internet use during the 30 days before the survey was administered. Five questions were also used to assess respondents' health care system use. Several demographic characteristics were measured. Results: Contrary to most prior research, this study found relatively low prevalence of IMI-seeking behavior. Specifically, IMI use was reported by 13.2% of all respondents (n = 6,119) and by 21.1% of respondents with Internet access (n = 3,829). Logistic regression models conducted among respondents accessing the Internet in the previous 30 days revealed that, when controlling for several sociodemographic characteristics, home computer ownership, online time per week, and health care system use are all positively linked with IMI-seeking behavior. Conclusions: The data suggest it may be premature to embrace unilaterally the Internet as an effective asset for health promotion and disease prevention efforts that target the public. C1 [Weaver, James B., III; Mays, Darren; Eroglu, Dogan; Fridinger, Frederick; Bernhardt, Jay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mays, Darren] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lindner, Gregg] Scarborough Res, New York, NY USA. RP Weaver, JB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Jim.Weaver@CDC.GOV OI Bernhardt, Jay/0000-0002-2045-4005 FU Scarborough Research FX The authors are indebted to Jennifer Cadoret, Richard E. Dixon, and Marinella Macri for their significant contributions to this project. This research was supported in part by Scarborough Research and by the appointment of the first and second authors to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the United States Department of Energy and CDC. NR 50 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 17 PU HANLEY & BELFUS-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 16 IS 5 BP 714 EP 722 DI 10.1197/jamia.M3150 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 493RL UT WOS:000269755500013 PM 19567794 ER PT J AU Harrison, BA Whitt, PB Roberts, LF Lehman, JA Lindsey, NP Nasci, RS Hansen, GR AF Harrison, Bruce A. Whitt, Parker B. Roberts, Lesa F. Lehman, Jennifer A. Lindsey, Nicole P. Nasci, Roger S. Hansen, Gail R. TI RAPID ASSESSMENT OF MOSQUITOES AND ARBOVIRUS ACTIVITY AFTER FLOODS IN SOUTHEASTERN KANSAS, 2007 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Rapid assessment; mosquitoes; West Nile virus; Kansas ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; NEW-YORK; NEUROINVASIVE DISEASE; AMPLIFICATION ASSAYS; ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES; HURRICANE-KATRINA; UNITED-STATES; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA AB A rapid assessment was conducted in July-August 2007 to determine the impact of heavy rains and early summer floods on the mosquitoes and arbovirus activity in 4 southeastern Kansas counties. During 10 days and nights of collections using different types and styles of mosquito traps, a total of 10,512 adult female mosquitoes representing 29 species were collected, including a new species record for Kansas (Psorophora mathesoni). High numbers of Aedes albopictus were collected. Over 4,000 specimens of 4 Culex species in 235 species-specific pools were tested for the presence of West Nile, St. Louis, and western equine encephalitis viruses. Thirty pools representing 3 Culex species were positive for West Nile virus (WNV). No other arboviruses were detected in the samples. Infection rates of WNV in Culex pipiens complex in 2 counties (10.7/1,000 to 22.6/1,000) and in Culex salinarius in 1 county (6.0/1,000) were sufficiently high to increase the risk or transmission to humans. The infection rate of WNV in Culex erraticus was 1.9/1,000 in one county. Two focal hot spots of intense WNV transmission were identified in Montgomery and Wilson counties, where infection rates in Cx. pipiens complex were 26/1,000 and 19.9/1,000, respectively. Despite confirmed evidence of WNV activity in the area, there was no increase in human cases of arboviral disease documented in the 4 counties for the remainder of 2007. C1 [Harrison, Bruce A.; Whitt, Parker B.] N Carolina Dept Environm & Nat Resources, Winston Salem, NC 27107 USA. [Roberts, Lesa F.; Hansen, Gail R.] Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, Off Surveillance & Epidemiol, Topeka, KS 66612 USA. [Lehman, Jennifer A.; Lindsey, Nicole P.; Nasci, Roger S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Harrison, BA (reprint author), N Carolina Dept Environm & Nat Resources, 585 Waughtown St, Winston Salem, NC 27107 USA. FU North Carolina Division of Environmental Health FX The assistance of many people was necessary to make this investigation possible. Under Sheriff Sid Howell (Montgomery), Deputy Sheriffs' Dan Ferguson (Elk) and Byron Shultz (Neosho), and Health Department Administrator Todd Durham (Wilson) set and retrieved traps each day. Space, logistical support, environmental health guidance, and administrative support were provided by Jim Miller, Kathy Craig, Scott Barnhart, Scott Gordon, Lois Kelly, and Theresa Paulter, in the Montgomery County Emergency Operations Center. Mosquito pools were tested by Kristen Birkhalter and Bethany Swope, CDC, Ft. Collins, CO. A. J. Thomas, Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Topeka, provided GIS maps of the flooded areas. Harry Savage and Edward Hayes from the CDC provided supplies, shipping containers, and valuable advice. Mike Kelly, Nolan Newton, and Marcee Toliver, North Carolina Division of Environmental Health, provided logistical and technical support and guidance, making the trip feasible. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 25 IS 3 BP 265 EP 271 DI 10.2987/08-5754.1 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 504EN UT WOS:000270598300007 PM 19852215 ER PT J AU Goble, S Neal, M Clark, DE Nathens, AB Annest, JL Faul, M Sattin, RW Li, L Levy, PS Mann, NC Guice, K Cassidy, LD Fildes, JJ AF Goble, Sandra Neal, Melanie Clark, David E. Nathens, Avery B. Annest, J. Lee Faul, Mark Sattin, Richard W. Li, Lei Levy, Paul S. Mann, N. Clay Guice, Karen Cassidy, Laura D. Fildes, John J. TI Creating a Nationally Representative Sample of Patients From Trauma Centers SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 67th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 24-27, 2008 CL Maui, HI SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE Injury; National Sample; Trauma center; NTDB; NIS; TIEP ID HOSPITAL DISCHARGE AB Background: The National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) was developed as a convenience sample of registry data from contributing trauma centers (TCs), thus, inferences about trauma patients may not be valid at the national level. The NTDB National Sample was created to obtain nationally representative estimates of trauma patients treated in the US level I and 11 TCs. Methods: Level I and 11 TCs in the Trauma Information Exchange Program were identified and a random stratified sample of 100 TCs was selected. The probability-proportional-to-size method was used to select TCs and sample weights were calculated. National Sample Program estimates from 2003 to 2006 were compared with raw NTDB data, and to a subset of TCs in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a population-based dataset drawn from community hospitals. Results: Weighted estimates from the NTDB National Sample range from 484,000 (2004) to 608,000 (2006) trauma incidents. Crude NTDB data over-represented the proportion of younger patients (0 years-14 years) compared with the NTDB National Sample, which does not include children's hospitals. Few TCs in Trauma Information Exchange Program are included in Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample, but estimates based on this subset indicate a higher percentage of older patients (age 65 year or older, 23.98% versus 17.85%), lower percentage male patients, and a lower percentage of motor vehicle accidents compared with NTDB National Sample. Conclusion: Although nationally representative data regarding trauma patients are available in other population-based samples, they do not represent TCs patients and lack the specificity of National Sample Program data, which contains detailed information on injury mechanisms, diagnoses, and hospital treatment. C1 [Goble, Sandra; Neal, Melanie; Clark, David E.; Nathens, Avery B.; Fildes, John J.] Amer Coll Surg, Comm Trauma, Chicago, IL USA. [Clark, David E.] Maine Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Portland, ME 04102 USA. [Nathens, Avery B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Surg, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Annest, J. Lee; Faul, Mark] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sattin, Richard W.] Med Coll Georgia, Dept Emergency Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. [Li, Lei; Levy, Paul S.] RTI Int, Div Stat Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mann, N. Clay] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Guice, Karen; Cassidy, Laura D.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Fildes, John J.] Univ Nevada, Dept Surg, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. RP Clark, DE (reprint author), 887 Congress St, Portland, ME 04102 USA. EM clarkd@mmc.org NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD SEP PY 2009 VL 67 IS 3 BP 637 EP 644 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181b84294 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 493IL UT WOS:000269729900040 PM 19741413 ER PT J AU Kornylo, K Kim, DK Widdowson, MA Turabelidze, G Averhoff, FM AF Kornylo, Krista Kim, David K. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Turabelidze, George Averhoff, Francisco M. TI Risk of Norovirus Transmission during Air Travel SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article CT 10th Conference of the International-Society-of-Travel-Medicine CY MAY 20-24, 2007 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Int Soc Travel Med AB Background. During October 2006, an outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis sickened 200 (59%) of the 379 passengers and 26 (18%) of the 144 crew members on a riverboat. In November 2006, CDC was notified that a group of ill passengers had boarded a commercial flight from St Louis, Missouri, to Atlanta, Georgia. A recent study demonstrated probable norovirus transmission from eight symptomatic flight attendants to passengers on board an aircraft during an international flight; however, there are no published reports of transmission of norovirus on flights of short duration. Methods. We investigated the risk of norovirus transmission on a short flight as part of an outbreak response. Using a standardized questionnaire, we conducted interviews of passengers and flight attendants who were on the flight. We collected information on traveler demographics and illness before, during, and after the flight. We also collected information about potential onboard risk factors for norovirus transmission, such as proximity and contact with ill appearing persons during the flight, as well as use of onboard lavatories and hand hygiene. Results. We were able to complete questionnaires for 50 (56%) of the 89 passengers on the flight and 2 (67%) of the 3 flight attendants. Two (5%) of 42 possible secondary cases were identified. These two passengers neither sat in proximity to an index-case passenger during the flight nor reported use of an onboard lavatory. Conclusions. Although onboard transmission cannot be excluded, likelihood of norovirus transmission on a short flight when ill travelers do not have episodes of vomiting or diarrhea appears minimal. C1 [Kornylo, Krista; Kim, David K.; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Averhoff, Francisco M.] CDC, NCPDCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Turabelidze, George] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Div Community & Publ Hlth, St Louis, MO USA. RP Kornylo, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM frl3@cdc.gov OI Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU PHS HHS [U60/CCU007277] NR 7 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 16 IS 5 BP 349 EP 351 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2009.00344.x PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 495PC UT WOS:000269904800010 PM 19796107 ER PT J AU Yax, JA Famon, EC Engleberg, NC AF Yax, Justin A. Famon, Eileen C. Engleberg, N. Cary TI Successful Immunization of an Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient with Live, Attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SERIOUS ADVERSE EVENTS; ENOUGH AB Vaccination against yellow fever is effective, but available live virus vaccines are not recommended for use in immunocompromised or elderly patients. We report the successful and uneventful immunization of a 62-year-old man with a history of allogeneic bone marrow transplant and discuss evidence for this recommendation. C1 [Yax, Justin A.; Engleberg, N. Cary] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Famon, Eileen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Engleberg, N. Cary] Univ Michigan, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Engleberg, NC (reprint author), Univ Michigan Hosp, 3119N Taubman Ctr Box 0378, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM cengleb@umich.edu NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 16 IS 5 BP 365 EP 367 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2009.00336.x PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 495PC UT WOS:000269904800013 PM 19796110 ER PT J AU Bagget, HC Arguin, PM Kozarsky, PE Reed, C AF Bagget, Henry C. Arguin, Paul M. Kozarsky, Phyllis E. Reed, Christie TI Travel and Oral Anticoagulants Response SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Bagget, Henry C.] US CDC Collaborat, Int Emerging Infect Program, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Arguin, Paul M.; Kozarsky, Phyllis E.; Reed, Christie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bagget, HC (reprint author), US CDC Collaborat, Int Emerging Infect Program, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 16 IS 5 BP 371 EP 371 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 495PC UT WOS:000269904800017 ER PT J AU Asghar, RJ Patlan, DE Miner, MC Rhodes, HD Solages, A Katz, DJ Beall, DS Ijaz, K Oeltmann, JE AF Asghar, Rana Jawad Patlan, David E. Miner, Mark C. Rhodes, Halsey D. Solages, Anthony Katz, Dolly J. Beall, David S. Ijaz, Kashef Oeltmann, John E. TI Limited Utility of Name-Based Tuberculosis Contact Investigations among Persons Using Illicit Drugs: Results of an Outbreak Investigation SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Tuberculosis; Drug resistance; Outbreak; Substance abuse; Contact investigations AB Persons named by a patient with tuberculosis (TB) are the focus of traditional TB contact investigations. However, patients who use illicit drugs are often reluctant to name contacts. Between January 2004 and May 2005, 18 isoniazid-resistant TB cases with matching Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes (spoligotypes) were reported in Miami; most patients frequented crack houses and did not name potentially infected contacts. We reviewed medical records and reinterviewed patients about contacts and locations frequented to describe transmission patterns and make recommendations to control TB in this population. Observed contacts were not named but were encountered at the same crack houses as the patients. Contacts were evaluated for latent TB infection with a tuberculosis skin test (TST). All 18 patients had pulmonary TB. Twelve (67%) reported crack use and 14 (78%) any illicit drug use. Of the 187 contacts evaluated, 91 (49%) were named, 16 (8%) attended a church reported by a patient, 61 (33%) used a dialysis center reported by a patient, and 19 (10%) were observed contacts at local crack houses. Compared to named contacts, observed contacts were eight times as likely to have positive TST results (relative risk = 7.8; 95% confidence interval = 3.8-16.1). Dialysis center and church contacts had no elevated risk of a positive TST result. Testing observed contacts may provide a higher yield than traditional name-based contact investigations for tuberculosis patients who use illicit drugs or frequent venues characterized by illicit drug use. C1 [Asghar, Rana Jawad; Patlan, David E.; Miner, Mark C.; Katz, Dolly J.; Ijaz, Kashef; Oeltmann, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Asghar, Rana Jawad] Off Workforce & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rhodes, Halsey D.] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Solages, Anthony] Baptist Hosp Miami, Miami, FL USA. [Beall, David S.] Florida Community Coll, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Oeltmann, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jeo3@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 86 IS 5 BP 776 EP 780 DI 10.1007/s11524-009-9378-z PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 486KP UT WOS:000269195200010 PM 19533366 ER PT J AU Nemeth, NM Young, GR Burkhalter, KL Brault, AC Reisen, WK Komar, N AF Nemeth, Nicole M. Young, Ginger R. Burkhalter, Kristen L. Brault, Aaron C. Reisen, William K. Komar, Nicholas TI West Nile virus detection in nonvascular feathers from avian carcasses SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Birds; diagnosis; feather; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; West Nile virus ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; EARLY WARNING SYSTEM; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; MORTALITY SURVEILLANCE; PSITTACINE BIRDS; HUMAN INFECTION; COLORADO; ANTIGEN; BEAK AB West Nile virus (WNV) is a public health threat and has caused the death of thousands of North American birds. As such, surveillance for WNV has been ongoing, utilizing numerous biological specimens and testing methods. Nonvascular (i.e., fully grown) feathers would provide a simple method of collection from either dead or live birds of all ages and molt cycles, with presumably less biosafety risk compared with other specimen types, including feather pulp. The current study evaluates WNV detection in nonvascular feathers removed from naturally infected avian carcasses of several species groups. Feathers of corvid passeriforms had the highest sensitivity of detection (64%), followed by noncorvid passeriforms (43%), columbiforms (33%), and falconiforms (31%). Storing feathers for 1 year at -20 degrees C or at ambient room temperature resulted in detection rates of infectious WNV of 16% and zero, respectively, but had no effect on detection rates of WNV RNA in a subset of matched feather pairs (47% for both storage temperatures). The efficacy of WNV detection in nonvascular feathers is greatly enhanced by testing multiple feathers. The advantages of using nonvascular feathers over other tissues may outweigh the relatively low detectability of WNV RNA in certain situations such as remote areas lacking resources for acquiring other types of samples or maintaining the cold chain. C1 [Nemeth, Nicole M.; Young, Ginger R.; Burkhalter, Kristen L.; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Brault, Aaron C.; Reisen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Arbovirus Res Unit, Ctr Vector Borne Dis, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol,Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Nemeth, NM (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM nnemeth@colostate.edu FU Pacific Southwest Regional Center for Excellence (PSWRCE) [U54 Al-65359] FX The authors are grateful to the following for providing samples: Gail Kratz, Judy Scherpelz, Lisa Winta, Carin Avila, and Rebecca Bates of the Rocky Mountain Raptor Program, Bob Nightwalker and Jessica Plunkett of Wild-Kind (Larimer County Humane Society), and Jackie Parker of California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory. Richard Bowen (Colorado State University) and Susan Beckett (CDC) provided logistical Support, and Maureen Dannen and Ying Fang (University of California, Davis) provided technical support. Funding for RNA detection platforms used for WNV RNA detection was partially provided by the Pacific Southwest Regional Center for Excellence (PSWRCE) U54 Al-65359. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 21 IS 5 BP 616 EP 622 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 496IH UT WOS:000269963400005 PM 19737756 ER PT J AU Tamin, A Harcourt, BH Lo, MK Roth, JA Wolf, MC Lee, B Weingartl, H Audonnet, JC Bellini, WJ Rota, PA AF Tamin, Azaibi Harcourt, Brian H. Lo, Michael K. Roth, James A. Wolf, Mike C. Lee, Benhur Weingartl, Hana Audonnet, Jean-Christophe Bellini, William J. Rota, Paul A. TI Development of a neutralization assay for Nipah virus using pseudotype particles SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Nipah virus; Diagnostics; Neutralization assays; Pseudotype particles; Henipaviruses ID EMERGENT DEADLY PARAMYXOVIRUS; HENDRA-VIRUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FLYING-FOXES; ENCEPHALITIS OUTBREAK; HENIPAVIRUS INFECTION; ABATTOIR WORKERS; MEMBRANE-FUSION; FRUIT BATS; ANTIBODIES AB Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are zoonotic paramyxoviruses capable of causing severe disease in humans and animals. These viruses require biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) containment. Like other paramyxoviruses, the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) can be used to detect antibodies to the surface glycoproteins, fusion (F) and attachment (G), and PRNT titers give an indication of protective immunity. Unfortunately, for NiV and HeV, the PRNT must be performed in BSL-4 containment and takes several days to complete. Thus, we have developed a neutralization assay using VSV pseudotype particles expressing the F and G proteins of NiV (pVSV-NiV-F/G) as target antigens. This rapid assay, which can be performed at BSL-2, was evaluated using serum samples from outbreak investigations and more than 300 serum samples from an experimental NiV vaccination study in swine. The results of the neutralization assays with pVSV-NiV-F/G as antigen showed a good correlation with those of standard PRNT. Therefore, this new method has the potential to be a rapid and cost-effective diagnostic method, especially in locations that lack high containment facilities, and will provide a valuable tool for basic research and vaccine development. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tamin, Azaibi; Harcourt, Brian H.; Lo, Michael K.; Bellini, William J.; Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Roth, James A.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. [Wolf, Mike C.; Lee, Benhur] UCLA AIDS Inst, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Weingartl, Hana] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Audonnet, Jean-Christophe] Merial, Lyon, France. RP Rota, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, MS-C-22,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM prota@cdc.gov RI Roth, James/A-7122-2009; Lee, Benhur/A-8554-2016; OI Roth, James/0000-0003-3562-668X; Lee, Benhur/0000-0003-0760-1709; Lo, Michael/0000-0002-0409-7896 FU NIH [R21 AI058038, R01 AI60694, T32 AI07323]; UCLA Warsaw Fellowship FX The authors wish to acknowledge financial support from NIH: R21 AI058038 (to JAR), R01 AI60694 (to BL), and T32 AI07323 (to MCW). MCW also acknowledges support from the UCLA Warsaw Fellowship. NR 57 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD SEP PY 2009 VL 160 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.02.025 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 472HQ UT WOS:000268121600001 PM 19559943 ER PT J AU Workman, S Wells, SK Pau, CP Owen, SM Dong, XF LaBorde, R Granade, TC AF Workman, Shon Wells, Susan K. Pau, Chou-Pong Owen, S. Michele Dong, X. Fan LaBorde, Ron Granade, Timothy C. TI Rapid detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen using magnetic immuno-chromatography (MICT) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Human immunodeficiency virus; p24 antigen; Rapid tests; Lateral flow immunoassays ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; ANTIBODY COMBINATION ASSAYS; DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; DAR-ES-SALAAM; SIGNAL-AMPLIFICATION; DIAGNOSTIC WINDOW; INFECTION; SEROCONVERSION; RNA; TRANSMISSION AB Detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections has been enhanced by incorporating p24 antigen detection with current HIV antibody detection using enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). However, screening for HIV antibodies has increased through the use of rapid, lateral-flow HIV antibody detection assays that currently do not have the capability to detect HIV p24 antigen. In this report, a lateral-flow based assay using super-paramagnetic particles as the detection marker was developed for the detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen. This magnetic immuno-chromatographic test (MICT) uses an inexpensive, low-maintenance instrument that detects the magnetic moment of the super-paramagnetic particles in a magnetic field. MICT is simple to perform, provides a numerical output for easier determination of reactive results and can be completed in 40 min. The lower limit of detection for HIV-1 p24 spiked into assay sample buffer and 50% plasma was 30 pg/ml for both. Detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen at 50 pg/ml was reproducible in both inter-run and intra-run assays with coefficients of variation of <13%. Furthermore, the MICT p24 assay was able to detect intact virus spiked into 50% plasma (lower detection limit of similar to 250,000 viral RNA copies/ml). MICT detection of increasing HIV-1 p24 levels in commercially available seroconversion panels by MICT was only slightly later than that detected by much more complex EIAs. MICT could provide a simple, low-cost, and portable method for rapid HIV-1 p24 detection in a variety of testing environments. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Workman, Shon; Wells, Susan K.; Pau, Chou-Pong; Owen, S. Michele; Granade, Timothy C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dong, X. Fan] Pacific BioPharm, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [LaBorde, Ron] MagnaBiosciences LLC, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Granade, TC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE Mailstop A-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TGranade@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD SEP PY 2009 VL 160 IS 1-2 BP 14 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.04.003 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 472HQ UT WOS:000268121600003 PM 19482361 ER PT J AU van der Sanden, S Pallansch, MA van de Kassteele, J El-Sayed, N Sutter, RW Koopmans, M Van der Avoort, H AF van der Sanden, Sabine Pallansch, Mark A. van de Kassteele, Jan El-Sayed, Nasr Sutter, Roland W. Koopmans, Marion Van der Avoort, Harrie TI Shedding of Vaccine Viruses with Increased Antigenic and Genetic Divergence after Vaccination of Newborns with Monovalent Type 1 Oral Poliovirus Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENT PATIENT; EVOLUTION; CIRCULATION; RECEPTOR; POLIOMYELITIS; ERADICATION; SENSITIVITY; SEROTYPES; EXCRETION; MUTATION AB For the final stages in the eradication of poliovirus type 1 (P1), the World Health Organization advocates the selective use of monovalent type 1 oral poliovirus vaccine (mOPV1). To compare the immunogenicity of mOPV1 with that of trivalent OPV (tOPV) in infants, a study was performed in Egypt in 2005. Newborns were vaccinated with mOPV1 or tOPV immediately after birth and were challenged with mOPV1 after 1 month. Vaccination with mOPV1 at birth resulted in significantly higher seroconversion against P1 viruses and lower excretion of P1 viruses than vaccination with tOPV. Intratypic differentiation of the viruses shed by the newborns revealed the presence of remarkably high numbers of antigenically divergent (AD) P1 isolates, especially in the mOPV1 study group. The majority of these AD P1 isolates (71%) were mOPV1 challenge derived and were shed by newborns who did not seroconvert to P1 after the birth dose. Genetic characterization of the viruses revealed that amino acid 60 of the VP3 region was mutated in all AD P1 isolates. Isolates with substitution of residue 99 of the VP1 region had significantly higher numbers of nonsynonymous mutations in the VP1 region than isolates without this substitution and were preferentially shed in the mOPV1 study group. The widespread use of mOPV1 has proven to be a powerful tool for fighting poliovirus circulation in the remaining areas of endemicity. This study provides another justification for the need to achieve high vaccination coverage in order to prevent the circulation of AD strains. C1 [van der Sanden, Sabine; van de Kassteele, Jan; Koopmans, Marion; Van der Avoort, Harrie] RIVM, Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [van der Sanden, Sabine; Koopmans, Marion] Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Pallansch, Mark A.] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [El-Sayed, Nasr] MOHP, Cairo, Egypt. [Sutter, Roland W.] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP van der Sanden, S (reprint author), RIVM, Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, POB 1, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM Sabine.van.der.Sanden@rivm.nl FU World Health Organization FX This work was supported by the World Health Organization. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 83 IS 17 BP 8693 EP 8704 DI 10.1128/JVI.02388-08 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 485LF UT WOS:000269122300037 PM 19515771 ER PT J AU Wong, SK Connole, M Sullivan, JS Choe, H Carville, A Farzan, M AF Wong, Swee Kee Connole, Michelle Sullivan, JoAnne S. Choe, Hyeryun Carville, Angela Farzan, Michael TI A New World Primate Deficient in Tetherin-Mediated Restriction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYCLOPHILIN-A; HIV-1 INFECTION; ANCHORED PROTEINS; MONKEY CELLS; RETROTRANSPOSITION; ADAPTATION; RESISTANT; APOBEC3G; CYSTEINE; RELEASE AB Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) does not replicate in primary cells of New World primates. To better understand this restriction, we expressed owl monkey (Aotus nancymaae) CD4 and CXCR4 in the owl monkey kidney cell line, OMK. An HIV-1 variant modified to evade the owl monkey restriction factor TRIM-cyp replicated efficiently in these cells but could not replicate in primary A. nancymaae CD4-positive T cells. To understand this difference, we examined APOBEC3G and tetherin orthologs from OMK cells and primary A. nancymaae cells. We observed that OMK cells expressed substantially lower levels of APOBEC3G than did A. nancymaae cells. A. nancymaae, but not marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), APOBEC3G was partially downregulated by HIV-1 vif and reduced but did not abolish HIV-1 replication when stably expressed in OMK cells. The functional difference between A. nancymaae and marmoset APOBEC3Gs mapped to residue 128, previously shown to distinguish African green monkey from human APOBEC3G. We also characterized tetherin orthologs from OMK and A. nancymaae cells. The A. nancymaae tetherin ortholog, but not OMK tetherin, prevented HIV-1 release. Alteration of threonine 181 of OMK tetherin rescued its function and its efficient N glycosylation. All alleles of Aotus lemurinus griseimembra examined, but none of A. nancymaae or Aotus vociferans, encoded this nonfunctional tetherin ortholog. Our data indicate that HIV-1 replication in owl monkeys is not restricted at entry but can be limited by APOBEC3G and tetherin. Further, A. lemurinus griseimembra does not restrict HIV-1 replication via tetherin, a property likely useful for the study of tetherin-restricted viruses. C1 [Farzan, Michael] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, New England Primate Res Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Southborough, MA 01772 USA. [Sullivan, JoAnne S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sullivan, JoAnne S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Anim Resources Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Choe, Hyeryun] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Choe, Hyeryun] Childrens Hosp, Perlmutter Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Farzan, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, New England Primate Res Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, 1 Pine Hill Dr, Southborough, MA 01772 USA. EM farzan@hms.harvard.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [T32 AI007387, R01 AI043891] NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 83 IS 17 BP 8771 EP 8780 DI 10.1128/JVI.00112-09 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 485LF UT WOS:000269122300044 PM 19553332 ER PT J AU Trivers, KF Stewart, SL Peipins, L Rim, SH White, MC AF Trivers, Katrina F. Stewart, Sherri L. Peipins, Lucy Rim, Sun Hee White, Mary C. TI Expanding the Public Health Research Agenda for Ovarian Cancer SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Workshop of Ovarian Cancer Experts CY NOV, 2008 CL Ctr Disease Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA HO Ctr Disease Control & Prevent ID BRCA2 MUTATION CARRIERS; UNITED-STATES; SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY; PROTEOMIC PATTERNS; DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FAMILY-HISTORY; WOMEN; SYMPTOMS; RISK AB Since the year 2000, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has undertaken an active public health research agenda in ovarian cancer, focused mainly on research related to earlier recognition of symptoms, methods for earlier diagnosis, and optimization of treatment and end-of-life care. Much of this work was guided by external input from two workshops in 2000 and 2002 with ovarian cancer experts in clinical and epidemiological research, public health leaders from federal and state agencies, and ovarian cancer survivors. In November 2008, the CDC convened a third informal workshop of experts to comment on CDC's work to date and to help expand the public health research agenda for the future. The purpose of the workshop was to identify and discuss urgent and emerging issues related to ovarian cancer and how public health organizations, and specifically CDC, might address these issues through research. This article provides a summary of some of the issues discussed and potential areas for future research, including genetic, screening, and diagnostic tests for ovarian cancer; ways of improving the quality of care for patients; symptom recognition; public awareness; and other emerging issues related to ovarian cancer. C1 [Trivers, Katrina F.; Stewart, Sherri L.; Peipins, Lucy; Rim, Sun Hee; White, Mary C.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Trivers, KF (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ktrivers@cdc.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962 NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 18 IS 9 BP 1299 EP 1305 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1622 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 492ZI UT WOS:000269701600001 PM 19702475 ER PT J AU Chu, SY Kim, SY Bish, CL AF Chu, Susan Y. Kim, Shin Y. Bish, Connie L. TI Prepregnancy Obesity Prevalence in the United States, 2004-2005 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Maternal obesity; Prepregnancy obesity; Obesity prevalence; Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System ID BODY-MASS INDEX; GESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; WEIGHT-GAIN; MATERNAL OBESITY; BIRTH-WEIGHT; PREGNANCY; ASSOCIATION; OVERWEIGHT; CHILDHOOD; MOTHERS AB Objective To provide a current estimate of the prevalence of prepregnancy obesity in the United States. Methods We analyzed 2004-2005 data from 26 states and New York City (n = 75,403 women) participating in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, an ongoing, population-based surveillance system that collects information on maternal behaviors associated with pregnancy. Information was obtained from questionnaires self-administered after delivery or from linked birth certificates; prepregnancy body mass index was based on self-reported weight and height. Data were weighted to provide representative estimates of all women delivering a live birth in each particular state. Results In this study, about one in five women who delivered were obese; in some state, race/ethnicity, and Medicaid status subgroups, the prevalence was as high as one-third. State-specific prevalence varied widely and ranged from 13.9 to 25.1%. Black women had an obesity prevalence about 70% higher than white and Hispanic women (black: 29.1%; white: 17.4%; Hispanic: 17.4%); however, these race-specific rates varied notably by location. Obesity prevalence was 50% higher among women whose delivery was paid for by Medicaid than by other means (e.g., private insurance, cash, HMO). Conclusion This prevalence makes maternal obesity and its resulting maternal morbidities (e.g., gestational diabetes mellitus) a common risk factor for a complicated pregnancy. C1 [Chu, Susan Y.; Kim, Shin Y.; Bish, Connie L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Chu, SY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM syc1@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 88 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 13 IS 5 BP 614 EP 620 DI 10.1007/s10995-008-0388-3 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 474VV UT WOS:000268313300005 PM 18618231 ER PT J AU Kim, SY England, L Dietz, PM Morrow, B Perham-Hester, KA AF Kim, Shin Y. England, Lucinda Dietz, Patricia M. Morrow, Brian Perham-Hester, Katherine A. TI Prenatal Cigarette Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco Use Among Alaska Native and White Women in Alaska, 1996-2003 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Smokeless tobacco; Cigarette smoking; Alaska Natives; Prevalence; Pregnancy ID PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; UNITED-STATES; NICOTINE; SNUFF; BIRTH; ADOLESCENTS; EXPOSURE; COHORT; ADULTS; HEALTH AB Objective To examine trends in prenatal cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use among Alaska Native (AN) and white women in Alaska. Methods Using 1996-2003 data from the population-based Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, we determined trends in self-reported prenatal tobacco use among AN and white women and used chi-square tests and multiple variable logistic regression analysis to identify maternal factors associated with prenatal tobacco use. Results Over the study period, prevalence of any tobacco use during pregnancy declined by 27% among AN women (from 55.8 to 40.9%) (P < 0.0001) and by 17% among white women (from 18.8 to 15.6%) (P < 0.0001). In 2003, among AN women the prevalence of self-reported smokeless tobacco use was 16.9%, cigarette smoking was 25.7%, and any tobacco use was 40.9%; corresponding values for white women were 0.4, 15.0, and 15.6%, respectively. Western Alaska had the highest prevalence of tobacco use. Conclusion The prevalence of tobacco use decreased between 1996 and 2003, but remained higher among AN women than white women, especially for smokeless tobacco. Support for cessation interventions targeting pregnant women should be made a public health priority in Alaska. C1 [Kim, Shin Y.; England, Lucinda; Dietz, Patricia M.; Morrow, Brian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Perham-Hester, Katherine A.] Sect Womens Childrens & Family Hlth, Div Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth & Social Serv, Anchorage, AK 99524 USA. RP Kim, SY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM skim1@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 13 IS 5 BP 652 EP 659 DI 10.1007/s10995-008-0402-9 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 474VV UT WOS:000268313300009 PM 18712464 ER PT J AU Hayman, AV Sofair, AN Manos, MM Thomas, A Terrault, N Van Ness, G Stabach, N Robert, M Rumore, G Corless, C Bell, B Bialek, S Zaman, A AF Hayman, Amanda V. Sofair, Andre N. Manos, M. Michele Thomas, Ann Terrault, Norah Van Ness, Grace Stabach, Nicole Robert, Marie Rumore, Gregory Corless, Christopher Bell, Beth Bialek, Stephanie Zaman, Atif TI Prevalence and Predictors of Hepatic Steatosis in Adults With Newly Diagnosed Chronic Liver Disease due to Hepatitis C SO MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; UNITED-STATES; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; VIRUS-INFECTION; PROGRESSION; GENOTYPE; OBESITY; WEIGHT AB Obesity appears to be a risk factor for hepatic steatosis, which has been implicated in the development of hepatic fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. We conducted the current study to examine whether obesity is associated with hepatic steatosis among patients with chronic hepatitis C identified from a population-based cohort. Study participants were persons with chronic hepatitis C who had had a liver biopsy, identified from a population-based study of persons with newly identified chronic liver disease conducted in gastroenterology practices. Data were collected through patient interviews, medical record abstraction, and review of previously performed liver biopsies. The outcome variable of interest was significant steatosis, defined as steatosis grade >= 2 determined from liver biopsy samples. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression techniques. The analysis included 450 patients with chronic hepatitis C with available liver biopsy slides. Overall, only 15.8% of subjects had significant hepatic steatosis (grade >= 2). while 35.9% of obese subjects had significant steatosis. In multivariate analysis, significant fibrosis (defined as >= grade 2) (odds ratio [OR], 3.43: 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.59-7.37), obesity (OR, 3.32; 95% CI, 1.84-5.98), genotype 3 (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.09-5.75) and the presence of multiple metabolic comorbidities (OR, 1.9 1; 95% CI, 0.88-4.11) were independently associated with steatosis. In this unique United States cohort of patients with newly diagnosed chronic liver disease due to hepatitis C, obesity was independently associated with hepatic steatosis. The results of this study provide additional evidence that obesity worsens liver damage in patients with chronic hepatitis C, and suggest a role for weight loss as a treatment modality in these patients. C1 [Zaman, Atif] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Sofair, Andre N.; Stabach, Nicole; Robert, Marie] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Manos, M. Michele] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Thomas, Ann; Van Ness, Grace] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Terrault, Norah] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Rumore, Gregory] Kaiser Permanente, Med Grp, Oakland, CA USA. [Bell, Beth; Bialek, Stephanie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zaman, A (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Mailcode L461,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM zamana@ohsu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funded through a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7974 J9 MEDICINE JI Medicine (Baltimore) PD SEP PY 2009 VL 88 IS 5 BP 302 EP 306 DI 10.1097/MD.0b013e3181b954f4 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 499YX UT WOS:000270264100006 PM 19745689 ER PT J AU Chamany, S Silver, LD Bassett, MT Driver, CR Berger, DK Neuhaus, CE Kumar, N Frieden, TR AF Chamany, Shadi Silver, Lynn D. Bassett, Mary T. Driver, Cynthia R. Berger, Diana K. Neuhaus, Charlotte E. Kumar, Namrata Frieden, Thomas R. TI Tracking Diabetes: New York City's A1C Registry SO MILBANK QUARTERLY LA English DT Article DE Diabetes; disease registry; surveillance; privacy ID IMPROVING PRIMARY-CARE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CHRONIC ILLNESS; ASSOCIATION; DISEASE; EPIDEMIC; LESSONS; GLUCOSE AB Context: In December 2005, in characterizing diabetes as an epidemic, the New York City Board of Health mandated the laboratory reporting of hemoglobin A1C laboratory test results. This mandate established the United States' first population-based registry to track the level of blood sugar control in people with diabetes. But mandatory A1C reporting has provoked debate regarding the role of public health agencies in the control of noncommunicable diseases and, more specifically, both privacy and the doctor-patient relationship. Methods: This article reviews the rationale for adopting the rule requiring the reporting of A1C test results, experience with its implementation, and criticisms raised in the context of the history of public health practice. Findings: For many decades, public health agencies have used identifiable information collected through mandatory laboratory reporting to monitor the population's health and develop programs for the control of communicable and noncommunicable diseases. The registry program sends quarterly patient rosters stratified by A1C level to more than one thousand medical providers, and it also sends letters, on the provider's letterhead whenever possible, to patients at risk of diabetes complications (A1C level >9 percent), advising medical follow-up. The activities of the registry program are similar to those of programs for other reportable conditions and constitute a joint effort between a governmental public health agency and medical providers to improve patients' health outcomes. Conclusions: Mandatory reporting has proven successful in helping combat other major epidemics. New York City's A1C Registry activities combine both traditional and novel public health approaches to reduce the burden of an epidemic chronic disease, diabetes. Despite criticism that mandatory reporting compromises individuals' right to privacy without clear benefit, the early feedback has been positive and suggests that the benefits will outweigh the potential harms. Further evaluation will provide additional information that other local health jurisdictions may use in designing their strategies to address chronic disease. C1 [Chamany, Shadi; Silver, Lynn D.; Driver, Cynthia R.; Neuhaus, Charlotte E.; Kumar, Namrata; Frieden, Thomas R.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Neuhaus, Charlotte E.] New York City Hlth & Hosp Corp, New York, NY USA. [Chamany, Shadi; Driver, Cynthia R.; Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chamany, S (reprint author), Diabet Prevent & Control Program, 2 Lafayette St,20th Floor,CN 46, New York, NY 10007 USA. EM schamany@health.nyc.gov NR 55 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-378X EI 1468-0009 J9 MILBANK Q JI Milbank Q. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 87 IS 3 BP 547 EP 570 DI 10.1111/j.1468-0009.2009.00568.x PG 24 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 505HX UT WOS:000270684500002 PM 19751279 ER PT J AU Coleman, RE Hochberg, LP Putnam, JL Swanson, KI Lee, JS McAvin, JC Chan, AS O'Guinn, ML Ryan, JR Wirtz, RA Moulton, JK Dave, K Faulde, MK AF Coleman, Russell E. Hochberg, Lisa P. Putnam, John L. Swanson, Katherine I. Lee, John S. McAvin, James C. Chan, Adeline S. O'Guinn, Monica L. Ryan, Jeffry R. Wirtz, Robert A. Moulton, John K. Dave, Kirti Faulde, Michael K. TI Use of Vector Diagnostics During Military Deployments: Recent Experience in Iraq and Afghanistan SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLIES; ANTIGEN PANEL ASSAY; TALLIL AIR BASE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; RAPID DETECTION; ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOS; INDIVIDUAL MOSQUITOS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES AB Vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and leishmaniasis are a threat to military forces deployed outside of the United States. The availability of specific information on the vector-borne disease threat (e.g., presence or absence of a specific disease agent, temporal and geographic distribution of competent vectors, and vector infection rates) allows or effective implementation of appropriate measures to protect our deployed military forces. Vector diagnostics can provide critical, real-time information crucial to establishing effective vector prevention/control programs. In this article we provide an overview of current vector diagnostic capabilities, evaluate the use of vector diagnostics in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom, and discuss the concept of operations under which vector diagnostics are employed. C1 [Coleman, Russell E.; Hochberg, Lisa P.; Swanson, Katherine I.; Chan, Adeline S.; Ryan, Jeffry R.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Putnam, John L.; McAvin, James C.] USAF, Inst Operat Hlth, Epidemiol Surveillance Div, San Antonio, TX USA. [Lee, John S.; O'Guinn, Monica L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Wirtz, Robert A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dave, Kirti] VecTOR Test Syst Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA USA. [Moulton, John K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37901 USA. [Faulde, Michael K.] Cent Inst Bundeswehr Med Serv, Dept Med Zool, Koblenz, Germany. RP Coleman, RE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. FU Military Infectious Diseases Research Program; Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center; Deployed War-Fighter Protection Program FX Funding for this project was provided by the Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, the Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center, and the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Program. Many thanks to LTC Bill Sames for his review of this manuscript, and to LTC (Ret.) Richard Lofts. COL David Craft, and Dr. Michael Turell for their guidance on BSATs. This study would not have been possible without the support of the many entomologists and environmental science officers conducting vector surveillance throughout Iraq and Afghanistan. In addition, the superb support of our laboratory technicians running the PCR assays is greatly appreciated-thanks to Wayne and Lara Gilmore, Monzia Moodie, Cathy Westbrook, and SGT Ronald Hadley. NR 74 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 174 IS 9 BP 904 EP 920 PG 17 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 601LH UT WOS:000278060400004 PM 19780365 ER PT J AU Botto, LD Feuchtbaum, L Dowray, S Piper, KN Romitti, PA Wang, Y Palmer, M Olney, RS Hinton, C AF Botto, L. D. Feuchtbaum, L. Dowray, S. Piper, K. Noble Romitti, P. A. Wang, Y. Palmer, M. Olney, R. S. Hinton, C. TI EVALUATING CLINICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH OUTCOMES OF EXPANDED NEWBORN SCREENING: A MULTI-STATE, POPULATION-BASED PILOT PROJECT SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th International Conference of Inborn Errors of Metabolism CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2009 CL San Diego, CA C1 [Botto, L. D.] Univ Utah, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Feuchtbaum, L.; Dowray, S.] Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Genet Dis Screening Program, Richmond, CA USA. [Piper, K. Noble] Ctr Congenital & Inherited Disorders, Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Romitti, P. A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Wang, Y.] New York State Dept Hlth, New York State Congenital Malformat Registry, Troy, NY USA. [Palmer, M.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Olney, R. S.; Hinton, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 98 IS 1-2 MA 538 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 483DQ UT WOS:000268942600437 ER PT J AU De Jesus, VR Chace, DH Lim, TH Adam, BW Mei, JV Hannon, WH AF De Jesus, V. R. Chace, D. H. Lim, T. H. Adam, B. W. Mei, J. V. Hannon, W. H. TI QUANTIFICATION OF MALONYLCARNITINE AND GLUTARYLCARNITINE IN DRIED-BLOOD SPOTS VARY BY TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY METHOD SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th International Conference of Inborn Errors of Metabolism CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2009 CL San Diego, CA C1 [De Jesus, V. R.; Lim, T. H.; Adam, B. W.; Mei, J. V.; Hannon, W. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chace, D. H.] Pediatrix Ctr Res & Educ, Sunrise, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 98 IS 1-2 MA 544 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 483DQ UT WOS:000268942600443 ER PT J AU Bodamer, OA Dajnoki, A Fekete, G Keutzer, J Orsini, J De Jesus, V Chien, N Hwu, P Lukase, Z Zhang, K Muhl, A AF Bodamer, O. A. Dajnoki, A. Fekete, G. Keutzer, J. Orsini, J. De Jesus, V. Chien, N. Hwu, P. Lukase, Z. Zhang, K. Muhl, A. TI NEWBORN SCREENING FOR FABRY DISEASE BY MEASURING GLA ACTIVITY USING TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th International Conference of Inborn Errors of Metabolism CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2009 CL San Diego, CA C1 [Bodamer, O. A.] Univ Childrens Hosp Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. [Dajnoki, A.; Fekete, G.] Univ Childrens Hosp Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. [Keutzer, J.] Genzyme, Boston, MA USA. [Orsini, J.] Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [De Jesus, V.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chien, N.; Hwu, P.] Natl Childrens Hosp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Lukase, Z.] Univ Childrens Hosp Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Zhang, K.] Genzyme, Framingham, MA USA. [Muhl, A.] Centogene, Vienna, Austria. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 98 IS 1-2 MA 558 BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 483DQ UT WOS:000268942600457 ER PT J AU Mei, JV Meredith, NK Bell, CJ De Jesus, VR Lim, TH Adam, BW Hannon, WH AF Mei, J. V. Meredith, N. K. Bell, C. J. De Jesus, V. R. Lim, T. H. Adam, B. W. Hannon, W. H. TI NEWBORN SCREENING BY TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY: HARMONIZATION OF PRACTICE AND PERFORMANCE SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th International Conference of Inborn Errors of Metabolism CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2009 CL San Diego, CA C1 [Mei, J. V.; Meredith, N. K.; Bell, C. J.; De Jesus, V. R.; Lim, T. H.; Adam, B. W.; Hannon, W. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 98 IS 1-2 MA 603 BP 119 EP 119 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 483DQ UT WOS:000268942600502 ER PT J AU Klein, NP Aukes, L Lee, J Fireman, B Baxter, R Shapira, SK Summar, M AF Klein, N. P. Aukes, L. Lee, J. Fireman, B. Baxter, R. Shapira, S. K. Summar, M. TI EVALUATION OF IMMUNIZATION RATES AND SAFETY AMONG CHILDREN WITH INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 11th International Conference of Inborn Errors of Metabolism CY AUG 29-SEP 02, 2009 CL San Diego, CA C1 [Klein, N. P.; Aukes, L.; Lee, J.; Fireman, B.; Baxter, R.] No Calif Kaiser Permanente, Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Shapira, S. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCBDDD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Summar, M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Genet Res, Nashville, TN USA. [Summar, M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Div Med Genet, Nashville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 98 IS 1-2 MA 660 BP 132 EP 132 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 483DQ UT WOS:000268942600558 ER PT J AU Chapman, LE AF Chapman, Louisa E. TI Xenotransplantation, Xenogeneic Infections, Biotechnology, and Public Health SO MOUNT SINAI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE porcine endogenous virus; public health; xenogeneic infections; xenotransplantation ID PORCINE ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; NO EVIDENCE; TRANSMISSION; CELLS; LIVER; RECIPIENTS; ZOONOSIS; BABOON; VIRUS AB Xenotransplantation is the attempt to use living biological material from nonhuman animal species in humans for therapeutic purposes. Clinical trials and preclinical studies have suggested that living cells and tissue from other species have the potential to be used in humans to ameliorate disease. However, the potential for Successful xenotransplantation to cure human disease is coupled with the risk that therapeutic use of living nonhuman cells in humans may also serve to introduce xenogeneic infections of unpredictable significance. Animal husbandry practices and xenotransplantation product preparation may eliminate most exogenous infectious agents prior to transplantation. However, endogenous retroviruses are present in the genomes of all mammalian cells, have an inadequately defined ability to infect human cells, and have generated public health concern. The history of xenotransplantation, the implications for public health, the global consensus on public safeguards necessary to accompany clinical trials, and the future direction of xenotransplantation are discussed in the context of public health. Mt Sinai J Med 76-435-441, 2009. (C) 2009 Mount Sinai School of Medicine C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Crit Informat Integrat & Exchange, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chapman, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Crit Informat Integrat & Exchange, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lec3@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0027-2507 J9 MT SINAI J MED JI Mt. Sinai J. Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 76 IS 5 BP 435 EP 441 DI 10.1002/msj.20131 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 504JK UT WOS:000270612200005 PM 19787652 ER PT J AU Murhekar, M Moolenaar, R Hutin, Y Broome, C AF Murhekar, Manoj Moolenaar, Ron Hutin, Yvan Broome, Claire TI Investigating outbreaks: Practical guidance in the Indian scenario SO NATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDIA LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UTTAR-PRADESH; TRANSMISSION; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; HEALTH AB The new International Health Regulations, 2005, which came Into force in 2007, establish a national focal point in each country to manage public health emergencies of International concern, including outbreaks. Investigating outbreaks is a challenging task. Often, pressure from decision-makers to hasten investigation may preclude proper evidence-based conclusions. Furthermore, the task of outbreak investigation Is given to senior staff, who have limited time for field activities. The classical 10-step approach includes 4 main stages of (i) confirmation of the presence of the outbreak and of diagnosis using laboratory tests, (ii) generation of hypotheses regarding causation using descriptive epidemiology findings, (iii) hypothesis-testing using analytical epidemiology techniques, and (iv) institution of prevention measures. Peer-review at all stages of the investigation and reporting is the keystone of the quality assurance process. It is important to build capacity for outbreak investigation. Two Field Epidemiology Training Programmes in India are trying to do this. In these programmes, epidemiologists-in-training take a lead in investigating outbreaks, while learning the ropes, with full technical support from the faculty. This training should spawn a culture of generating and using evidence for decision-making in the context of public health, and help strengthen health systems even beyond the domain of outbreaks. C1 [Murhekar, Manoj; Hutin, Yvan] Indian Council Med Res, NIE, FETP, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India. [Moolenaar, Ron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hutin, Yvan] WHO India Country Off, New Delhi, India. RP Murhekar, M (reprint author), Indian Council Med Res, NIE, FETP, R 127,3rd Ave,Tamil Nadu Housing Board,Phase 1, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India. EM mmurhekar@gmail.com NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALL INDIA INST MEDICAL SCIENCES PI NEW DELHI PA ANSARI NAGAR, NEW DELHI 110 029, INDIA SN 0970-258X J9 NATL MED J INDIA JI Natl. Med. J. India PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 22 IS 5 BP 252 EP 256 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 534DA UT WOS:000272874500007 PM 20334049 ER PT J AU Trevathan, E Dietz, WH AF Trevathan, Edwin Dietz, William H. TI Obesity in neurology practice: A call to action SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID OVERWEIGHT CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; WEIGHT C1 [Trevathan, Edwin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Trevathan, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-87, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ETrevathan@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD SEP 1 PY 2009 VL 73 IS 9 BP 654 EP 655 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 489SY UT WOS:000269444200001 PM 19641167 ER PT J AU Finkel, R Biggar, D Bonnemann, C Constantin, C Escolar, D Massey, E Miller, T Pascual, J Sladky, J Wagner, K Wong, B Bushby, K AF Finkel, R. Biggar, D. Bonnemann, C. Constantin, C. Escolar, D. Massey, E. Miller, T. Pascual, J. Sladky, J. Wagner, K. Wong, B. Bushby, K. TI Use of glucocorticoids in Duchenne MD: Consensus report of the CDC Duchenne care considerations neurology panel SO NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 14th International Congress of the World-Muscle-Society CY SEP 09-12, 2009 CL Geneva, SWITZERLAND SP World Muscle Soc C1 [Finkel, R.; Bonnemann, C.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Biggar, D.] Bloorview Kids Rehab Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Constantin, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Escolar, D.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Massey, E.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Miller, T.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Pascual, J.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Sladky, J.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Wagner, K.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Wong, B.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Bushby, K.] Univ Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-8966 J9 NEUROMUSCULAR DISORD JI Neuromusc. Disord. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 19 IS 8-9 BP 610 EP 610 DI 10.1016/j.nmd.2009.06.209 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 491OW UT WOS:000269589600206 ER PT J AU Bushby, K Birnkrant, D Case, L Clemens, P Cripe, L Finkel, R Kaul, A Kinnett, K McDonald, C Pandya, S Poysky, J Shapiro, F Tomezsko, J Constantin, C AF Bushby, K. Birnkrant, D. Case, L. Clemens, P. Cripe, L. Finkel, R. Kaul, A. Kinnett, K. McDonald, C. Pandya, S. Poysky, J. Shapiro, F. Tomezsko, J. Constantin, C. TI The diagnosis and management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Internationally generated care recommendations SO NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 14th International Congress of the World-Muscle-Society CY SEP 09-12, 2009 CL Geneva, SWITZERLAND SP World Muscle Soc C1 [Bushby, K.] Univ Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England. [Birnkrant, D.] MetroHlth Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Case, L.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Clemens, P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Cripe, L.; Kaul, A.; Kinnett, K.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Finkel, R.; Tomezsko, J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [McDonald, C.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pandya, S.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Shapiro, F.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Boston, MA USA. [Constantin, C.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0960-8966 J9 NEUROMUSCULAR DISORD JI Neuromusc. Disord. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 19 IS 8-9 BP 640 EP 641 DI 10.1016/j.nmd.2009.06.300 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 491OW UT WOS:000269589600297 ER PT J AU Petersen, MR Deddens, JA AF Petersen, M. R. Deddens, J. A. TI A revised SAS macro for maximum likelihood estimation of prevalence ratios using the COPY method SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Petersen, M. R.; Deddens, J. A.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Deddens, J. A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Petersen, MR (reprint author), NIOSH, Mail Stop R15,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mrp1@one.net NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 66 IS 9 BP 639 EP 639 DI 10.1136/oem.2008.043018 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 484RA UT WOS:000269063400013 PM 19690158 ER PT J AU Allen, KD Helmick, CG Schwartz, TA DeVellis, RF Renner, JB Jordan, JM AF Allen, K. D. Helmick, C. G. Schwartz, T. A. DeVellis, R. F. Renner, J. B. Jordan, J. M. TI Racial differences in self-reported pain and function among individuals with radiographic hip and knee osteoarthritis: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE LA English DT Article DE Osteoarthritis; Pain; Function; Race ID AFRICAN-AMERICANS; OLDER-ADULTS; SYMPTOMS; DISABILITY; COMMUNITY; ARTHRITIS; SEVERITY; OBESITY; HEALTH; WOMAC AB Objective: This study compared pain and function among African Americans and Caucasian with radiographic hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (OA), controlling for radiographic severity and other patient characteristics. Methods: Participants were 1368 individuals (32% African American) from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project with only knee OA, only hip OA, and both knee and hip OA. Linear regression models examined racial differences in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total scores and pain and function subscales, adjusting for radiographic severity, age, gender, education, body mass index (BMI), depressive symptoms, and WOMAC pain (last variable in models of function). Results: Among those with only knee OA, African Americans had significantly worse mean WOMAC total scores than Caucasian (32.8 vs 24.3, P< 0.001), and worse pain and function scores (P < 0.001). Racial differences in WOMAC total, pain, and function scores persisted when controlling for radiographic severity and demographic factors but were not significant when also controlling for BMI and depressive symptoms. In models of WOMAC function, pain was the most strongly associated variable and substantially reduced the association of race with function. There were no racial differences in WOMAC scores among those with only hip OA or with both knee and hip OA. Conclusion: Among participants with knee OA, racial differences in pain and function may be explained by BMI and depressive symptoms, and racial differences in function may also be largely influenced by pain. Improving management of weight and depressive symptoms may be key steps toward reducing racial disparities in knee OA symptoms. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Osteoarthritis Research Society International. C1 [Allen, K. D.] Durham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Durham, NC USA. [Allen, K. D.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Helmick, C. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schwartz, T. A.; DeVellis, R. F.; Renner, J. B.; Jordan, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Schwartz, T. A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [DeVellis, R. F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Renner, J. B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jordan, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jordan, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Orthopaed, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Allen, KD (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, HSR&D 152, 508 Fulton St, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM kelli.allen@duke.edu RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health [S1734, S3486]; NIAMS Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center [5-P60-AR30701, 5 P60 AR49465-03] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Veterans Affairs. Funding was made possible (in part) by: cooperative agreements S1734 and S3486 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health, the NIAMS Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center grant 5-P60-AR30701, and the NIAMS Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center grant-5 P60 AR49465-03. NR 26 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 1063-4584 J9 OSTEOARTHR CARTILAGE JI Osteoarthritis Cartilage PD SEP PY 2009 VL 17 IS 9 BP 1132 EP 1136 DI 10.1016/j.joca.2009.03.003 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology GA 498EA UT WOS:000270118500002 PM 19327733 ER PT J AU Simpson, GA Cohen, RA Bloom, B Blumberg, SJ AF Simpson, Gloria A. Cohen, Robin A. Bloom, Barbara Blumberg, Stephen J. TI The impact of children's emotional and behavioural difficulties on their lives and their use of mental health services SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE emotional difficulties; child behaviour; ethnic group; mental health services; family burden ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; QUESTIONNAIRE; STRENGTHS; PARENTS; CARE; ADOLESCENTS; HYPERACTIVITY; PERCEPTION AB This paper examines the relationship between the impact of children's emotional and behavioural difficulties and the use of mental health services, using 3 years of nationally representative data from the National Health Interview Survey. Data for the years 2001, 2003 and 2004 were combined (n = 29 265) to identify a sample of 1423 children aged 4-17 years with emotional/behavioural difficulties. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used. About 5% of U.S. children had emotional or behavioural difficulties. Children whose difficulty was a burden on their family were almost twice as likely to have contact with a mental health professional. Younger children (aged 4-7 years), Hispanic children and non-Hispanic black children with emotional or behavioural difficulties were less likely to use mental health services. These findings indicate that children's emotional and behavioural difficulties influence their lives and those of their families, leading parents to seek help. Racial disparities in mental health service use exist when controlling for the severity and the burden of these difficulties. C1 [Cohen, Robin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Cohen, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth Interview Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 2335, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM rzc6@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0269-5022 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 23 IS 5 BP 472 EP 481 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2009.01043.x PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 479LA UT WOS:000268659600011 PM 19689498 ER PT J AU Rubin, C Maisonet, M Kieszak, S Monteilh, C Holmes, A Flanders, D Heron, J Golding, J McGeehin, M Marcus, M AF Rubin, Carol Maisonet, Mildred Kieszak, Stephanie Monteilh, Carolyn Holmes, Adrianne Flanders, Dana Heron, Jon Golding, Jean McGeehin, Mike Marcus, Michele TI Timing of maturation and predictors of menarche in girls enrolled in a contemporary British cohort SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE puberty; menarche; ALSPAC; Tanner stages; maternal menarche; maternal smoking; maternal BMI ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; BODY-MASS INDEX; PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT; SEXUAL-MATURATION; SELF-ASSESSMENT; US GIRLS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; SECULAR TRENDS; AGE AB This study describes the timing of puberty in 8- to 13-year-old girls enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and identifies factors associated with earlier achievement of menarche. Women were enrolled during pregnancy and their offspring were followed prospectively. We analysed self-reported Tanner staging and menstrual status information collected annually from daughters up to age 13. We used survival models to estimate median age of attainment of stage > 1 and stage > 2 of breast and pubic hair development and of menarche. We also constructed multivariable logistic regression models to identify factors associated with earlier achievement of menarche. About 12% of girls reported Tanner breast stage > 1 at age 8; 98% of girls were above stage 1 by age 13. For pubic hair, 5% and 95% of girls had attained a stage > 1 by 8 and 13 years, respectively. The estimated median age of entry into stage > 1 of breast development was 10.14 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.08, 10.19), and for pubic hair development the median age was 10.92 years [95% CI, 10.87, 10.97]. One girl (out of 2953) had attained menarche by age 8; 60% had attained menarche by age 13. The estimated median age at menarche was 12.93 years [95% CI, 12.89, 12.98]. Prenatal predictors of menarche by age 11 (12% of girls) included earlier maternal age at menarche, high maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, smoking during the third trimester, and non-white race; the single postnatal predictor was the girl's body size at 8 years. Age at attainment of breast and pubic hair Tanner stage and age at menarche in the ALSPAC cohort are similar to ages reported in other European studies that were conducted during overlapping time periods. The results also give added support to the strong influence of maternal maturation, pre-adolescent body size and race on the timing of a girl's menarche. This cohort will continue to be followed for maturational information until age 17. C1 [Maisonet, Mildred; Flanders, Dana; Marcus, Michele] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Rubin, Carol; Maisonet, Mildred; Kieszak, Stephanie; Monteilh, Carolyn; Holmes, Adrianne; Flanders, Dana; McGeehin, Mike; Marcus, Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heron, Jon] Univ Bristol, Dept Social Med, Bristol, Avon, England. [Golding, Jean] Univ Bristol, Dept Community Based Med, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Bristol, Avon, England. RP Marcus, M (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM mmarcus@sph.emory.edu RI Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015; Heron, Jon/D-5884-2011; OI Heron, Jon/0000-0001-6199-5644; Maisonet, Mildred/0000-0003-3561-2632; Golding, Jean/0000-0003-2826-3307 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them, and the whole ALSPAC team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists and nurses. The UK Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust and the University of Bristol currently provide core support for ALSPAC. This publication is the work of the authors and they will serve as guarantors for the contents of this paper. This research was specifically funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 56 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0269-5022 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 23 IS 5 BP 492 EP 504 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2009.01055.x PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 479LA UT WOS:000268659600013 PM 19689500 ER PT J AU Liu, AQ Wang, RJ Li, YH Zhang, LX Shu, J Zhang, WZ Feng, YY Xiao, LH Ling, H AF Liu, Aiqin Wang, Rongjun Li, Yihong Zhang, Longxian Shu, Jing Zhang, Weizhe Feng, Yaoyu Xiao, Lihua Ling, Hong TI Prevalence and distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. in dairy cattle in Heilongjiang Province, China SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID N. SP APICOMPLEXA; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; DEER-LIKE GENOTYPE; BOS-TAURUS; FARM-ANIMALS; IDENTIFICATION; ANDERSONI; BOVIS; PARASITES; DIARRHEA AB Few data are available on the molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in cattle in China. In the present study, a total of 507 fecal specimens from six dairy farms in Heilongjiang Province were examined for Cryptosporidium spp. by light microscopy of concentrates from the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation method (for less than 2-month-old calves) or Sheather's floatation method (more than 3-month-old dairy cattle). Twenty-seven post-weaned calves on five farms were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts. PCR and DNA sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA, actin, and 70 kDa heat shock protein genes identified Cryptosporidium andersoni and Cryptosporidium. ryanae, with C. andersoni as the dominant species (26 out of 27). In comparison with other regions of the world, the distribution of Cryptosporidium species in the areas appears to be unique. C1 [Liu, Aiqin; Li, Yihong; Shu, Jing; Zhang, Weizhe; Ling, Hong] Harbin Med Coll, Dept Parasitol, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Wang, Rongjun; Zhang, Longxian] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, Peoples R China. [Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ling, H (reprint author), Harbin Med Coll, Dept Parasitol, 194 Xuefu Rd, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. EM lingh@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province [D200628)]; Heilongjiang Province Education Bureau [11521082] FX This work was supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (grant D200628) and the Heilongjiang Province Education Bureau (grant 11521082), China. We thank YL Jin at Heilongjiang Animal Health Inspection Institute for help in providing the specimens. NR 49 TC 26 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 105 IS 3 BP 797 EP 802 DI 10.1007/s00436-009-1457-2 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 474WG UT WOS:000268314400025 PM 19424720 ER PT J AU Hendriksen, RS Mikoleit, M Kornschober, C Rickert, RL Van Duyne, S Kjelso, C Hasman, H Cormican, M Mevius, D Threlfall, J Angulo, FJ Aarestrup, FM AF Hendriksen, Rene S. Mikoleit, Matthew Kornschober, Christian Rickert, Regan L. Van Duyne, Susan Kjelso, Charlotte Hasman, Henrik Cormican, Martin Mevius, Dik Threlfall, John Angulo, Frederic J. Aarestrup, Frank M. TI Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Concord Infections in Europe and the United States in Children Adopted From Ethiopia, 2003-2007 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; Ethiopia; adoptees; ESBL; multi-drug resistance ID SEROTYPE TYPHIMURIUM; STRAINS; FRANCE AB Background: Multidrug-resistant Salmonella serovar Concord infections have been reported from children adopted from Ethiopia. We interviewed patients, characterized the isolates, and gathered information about adoptions from Ethiopia to assess public health implications. Methods: Information about Salmonella Concord cases and adoptions were provided from Austria, Denmark, England (and Wales), Ireland, the Netherlands and the United States. Patients from Denmark and the United States were interviewed to determine the orphanages of origin; orphanages in Ethiopia were visited. Isolates were subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and antimicrobial susceptibility; specific antimicrobial resistance genes were characterized. Results: Salmonella Concord was isolated from 78 persons from 2003 to 2007. Adoption status was known for 44 patients <= 3 years of age; 98% were adopted from Ethiopia. The children adopted from Ethiopia were from several orphanages; visited orphanages had poor hygiene and sanitation and frequent use of antimicrobial agents. The number of children adopted from Ethiopia in the participating countries increased 527% from 221 in 2003 to 1385 in 2007. Sixty-four Salmonella Concord isolates yielded 53 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns including 6 patterns with >2 indistinguishable isolates; one isolate from an Ethiopia adoptee. Antimicrobial susceptibility was per-formed on 43 isolates; 81% were multidrug-resistant (>= 3 agents). Multidrug-resistant isolates were from Ethiopian adoptees and were resistant to third and fourth generation cephalosporins and 14% had decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. Conclusions: Improved hygiene and sanitation and more appropriate use of antimicrobial agents are needed in orphanages in Ethiopia. Culturing of stool specimens of children adopted from Ethiopia and appropriate hygiene may prevent further disease transmission. C1 [Hendriksen, Rene S.; Hasman, Henrik; Aarestrup, Frank M.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, WHO Collaborating Ctr Antimicrobial Resistance Fo, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark. [Hendriksen, Rene S.; Hasman, Henrik; Aarestrup, Frank M.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, EU Community Reference Lab Antimicrobial Resistan, DK-1790 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Mikoleit, Matthew; Rickert, Regan L.; Van Duyne, Susan; Angulo, Frederic J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO Collaborating Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Co, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kornschober, Christian] Inst Med Microbiol & Hyg, Graz, Austria. [Kjelso, Charlotte] Statens Serum Inst, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Cormican, Martin] Natl Univ Ireland, Galway, Ireland. [Mevius, Dik] Wageningen UR, Cent Vet Inst, Lelystad, Netherlands. [Mevius, Dik] Univ Utrecht, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Threlfall, John] Ctr Infect, Dept Gastrointestinal Emerging & Zoonot Infect, London, England. RP Hendriksen, RS (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, WHO Collaborating Ctr Antimicrobial Resistance Fo, Bulowsvej 27, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark. EM rshe@food.dtu.dk OI Mikoleit, Matthew/0000-0002-4582-6733 FU Danish Research Agency [274-05-0117] FX Supported by the World Health Organization Global Salm-Surv (available at: www.who.int/salmsurv) and grant 274-05-0117 from the Danish Research Agency. NR 24 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 28 IS 9 BP 814 EP 818 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181a3aeac PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 489GF UT WOS:000269407500012 PM 19710587 ER PT J AU Menzies, NA Homsy, J Pitter, JYC Pitter, C Mermin, J Downing, R Finkbeiner, T Obonyo, J Kekitiinwa, A Tappero, J Blandford, JM AF Menzies, Nicolas A. Homsy, Jaco Pitter, Jeannie Y. Chang Pitter, Christian Mermin, Jonathan Downing, Robert Finkbeiner, Thomas Obonyo, John Kekitiinwa, Adeodata Tappero, Jordan Blandford, John M. TI Cost-Effectiveness of Routine Rapid Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibody Testing Before DNA-PCR Testing for Early Diagnosis of Infants in Resource-Limited Settings SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE HIV; early infant diagnosis; rapid testing; DNA PCR; cost-effectiveness; Uganda; Africa ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; HIV TRANSMISSION; SOUTH-AFRICA; BLOOD SPOTS; INFECTION; PREVENTION; TYPE-1; AMPLIFICATION; COMBINATION AB Background: Infants born to HIV-infected women should receive HIV testing to allow early diagnosis and treatment. Recommendations for resource-limited settings stress laboratory-based virologic assays. While effective, these tests are logistically complex and expensive. This study explored the cost-effectiveness of incorporating initial screening with rapid HIV tests (RHT) into the conventional testing algorithm to screen-out HIV-uninfected infants, thereby reducing the need for costly virologic testing. Methods: Data on HIV prevalence, RHT sensitivity and specificity, and costs were collected from 820 HIV-exposed children (1.5-18 months) attending 2 postnatal screening programs in Uganda during July 2005 to December 2006. Cost-effectiveness models compared the conventional testing algorithm DNA polymerase chain reaction (DNA-PCR with Roche Amplicor v1.5) with a modified algorithm (initial RHT to screen-out HIV-uninfected infants before DNA-PCR). Results: The model estimated that the conventional algorithm would identify 94.3% (91.8%-94.7%) of HIV-infected infants, compared with 87.8% (79.4%-90.5%) for a modified algorithm using RHT (HIV 1/2 Determine) and excluding the need for DNA-PCR for HIV antibody-negative infants. Costs per infant were $23.47 ($23.32-$23.76) for the conventional algorithm and between $22.75 ($21.89-$23.31) and $7.58 ($6.41-$10.75) for the modified algorithm, depending on infant age and symptoms. Compared with the conventional algorithm, costs per HIV-infected infant identified using the modified algorithm were higher in 1.5- to 3-month-old infants, but significantly lower in 3-month-old and older infants. Models replicating the whole infant testing program showed the modified algorithm would have marginally lower sensitivity, but would reduce total program costs by 27% to 40%, producing an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $1489 ($686-$6781) for the conventional versus modified algorithms. Conclusions: Screening infants with RHT before DNA-PCR is cost-effective in infants 3 months old or older. Incorporating RI-IT into early infant testing programs could improve cost-effectiveness and reduce program costs. C1 [Menzies, Nicolas A.] Harvard Univ, Hlth Policy Program, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Menzies, Nicolas A.; Blandford, John M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Menzies, Nicolas A.] Macro Int Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Homsy, Jaco; Downing, Robert; Tappero, Jordan] Uganda Virus Res Inst, CDC Uganda, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Homsy, Jaco; Pitter, Christian] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Pitter, Jeannie Y. Chang] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Goldberg Ctr Community Pediat Hlth, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Pitter, Christian] Elizabeth Glaser Pediat AIDS Fdn, Washington, DC USA. [Pitter, Christian] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Mermin, Jonathan] CDC Kenya, Coordinating Off Global Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Finkbeiner, Thomas] CDC Tanzania, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Obonyo, John] Tororo Dist Hosp, Tororo, Uganda. [Kekitiinwa, Adeodata] Childrens Fdn Uganda, Baylor Coll Med, Kampala, Uganda. RP Menzies, NA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Hlth Policy Program, 14 Story St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM nmenzies@fas.harvard.edu RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 28 IS 9 BP 819 EP 825 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181a3954b PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 489GF UT WOS:000269407500013 PM 20050391 ER PT J AU Yori, PP Schwab, K Gilman, RH Nappier, S Portocarrero, DV Black, RE Olortegui, MP Hall, ER Moe, C Leon, J Cama, VA Kosek, M AF Yori, Pablo Penataro Schwab, Kellogg Gilman, Robert H. Nappier, Sharon Velasquez Portocarrero, Daniel Black, Robert E. Paredes Olortegui, Maribel Hall, Eric R. Moe, Christine Leon, Juan Cama, Vita A. Kosek, Margaret TI NOROVIRUS HIGHLY PREVALENT CAUSE OF ENDEMIC ACUTE DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE norovirus; diarrhea; calicivirus ID CHI-MINH-CITY; SPORADIC GASTROENTERITIS; HUMAN CALICIVIRUSES; NORWALK VIRUS; ROTAVIRUS; INFECTIONS; ASSAY; PCR AB To determine the burden of norovirus infections in children stools from a longitudinal community cohort were evaluated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Norovirus was detected in 21.3% of diarrheal and 8.0% of nondiarrheal stools (P < 0.01). Norovirus diarrhea was highly associated with age and the odds ratio for norovirus diarrhea fell by 2.8% per month (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). Norovirus seems to be an important etiology of community acquired diarrhea in this study population. C1 [Yori, Pablo Penataro; Gilman, Robert H.; Black, Robert E.; Kosek, Margaret] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Schwab, Kellogg; Nappier, Sharon] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Velasquez Portocarrero, Daniel; Paredes Olortegui, Maribel] Asocac Benef PRISMA, Lima, Peru. [Moe, Christine] Emory Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hall, Eric R.] Naval Med Res Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Leon, Juan; Cama, Vita A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kosek, M (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, 615 Wolfe St W5515, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM mkosek@jhsph.edu RI Moe, Christine/G-6118-2012; Leon, Juan/E-9674-2012; OI Black, Robert/0000-0001-9926-7984 FU National Institutes of Health [K01-TW05717]; Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System [847705 82000 25GB B0016] FX This study was funded by National Institutes of Health grant K01-TW05717 (MK), the Grand Challenges in Health Initiative http://www.grandchallengesgh.org/, and the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System work unit number 847705 82000 25GB B0016. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 28 IS 9 BP 844 EP 847 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181a24730 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 489GF UT WOS:000269407500021 PM 19636281 ER PT J AU Kumar, J Muntner, P Kaskel, FJ Hailpern, SM Melamed, ML AF Kumar, Juhi Muntner, Paul Kaskel, Frederick J. Hailpern, Susan M. Melamed, Michal L. TI Prevalence and Associations of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency in US Children: NHANES 2001-2004 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE rickets; vitamin D; cardiovascular risk factors; obesity; racial disparities ID VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HYPOVITAMINOSIS-D; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; BLOOD-PRESSURE; NUTRITIONAL RICKETS; D INSUFFICIENCY; OBESE CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; ADOLESCENTS AB OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) deficiency and associations between 25(OH) D deficiency and cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents. METHODS: With a nationally representative sample of children aged 1 to 21 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2004 (n = 6275), we measured serum 25(OH) D deficiency and insufficiency (25[OH] D < 15 ng/mL and 15-29 ng/mL, respectively) and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: Overall, 9% of the pediatric population, representing 7.6 million US children and adolescents, were 25(OH) D deficient and 61%, representing 50.8 million US children and adolescents, were 25(OH) D insufficient. Only 4% had taken 400 IU of vitamin D per day for the past 30 days. After multivariable adjustment, those who were older (odds ratio [OR]: 1.16 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12 to 1.20] per year of age), girls (OR: 1.9 [1.6 to 2.4]), non-Hispanic black (OR: 21.9 [13.4 to 35.7]) or Mexican-American (OR: 3.5 [1.9 to 6.4]) compared with non-Hispanic white, obese (OR: 1.9 [1.5 to 2.5]), and those who drank milk less than once a week (OR: 2.9 [2.1 to 3.9]) or used >4 hours of television, video, or computers per day (OR: 1.6 [1.1 to 2.3]) were more likely to be 25(OH) D deficient. Those who used vitamin D supplementation were less likely (OR: 0.4 [0.2 to 0.8]) to be 25(OH) D deficient. Also, after multivariable adjustment, 25(OH) D deficiency was associated with elevated parathyroid hormone levels (OR: 3.6; [1.8 to 7.1]), higher systolic blood pressure (OR: 2.24mm Hg [0.98 to 3.50 mm Hg]), and lower serum calcium (OR:-0.10 mg/dL [-0.15 to-0.04 mg/dL]) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: -3.03 mg/dL [-5.02 to-1.04]) levels compared with those with 25(OH) D levels >= 30 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS: 25(OH) D deficiency is common in the general US pediatric population and is associated with adverse cardiovascular risks. Pediatrics 2009; 124: e362-e370 C1 [Kumar, Juhi; Kaskel, Frederick J.] Childrens Hosp Montefiore, Bronx, NY USA. [Melamed, Michal L.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Melamed, Michal L.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Muntner, Paul] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Hailpern, Susan M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Northrop Grumman & Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Melamed, ML (reprint author), 1300 Morris Pk Ave,Ullman 615,Belfer 1008, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. EM mmelamed@aecom.yu.edu FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [K23 078774]; National Institutes of Health; [T32 DK007110-33]; [U01 DK63549]; [U01 DK066174] FX Dr Kumar is supported by grant T32 DK007110-33; Dr Kaskel is supported by grants T32 DK007110-33, U01 DK63549, and U01 DK066174; and Dr Melamed is supported by grant K23 078774, all from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health. NR 40 TC 210 Z9 216 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2009 VL 124 IS 3 BP E362 EP E370 DI 10.1542/peds.2009-0051 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 488XH UT WOS:000269383100023 PM 19661054 ER PT J AU Dietz, WH Story, MT Leviton, LC AF Dietz, William H. Story, Mary T. Leviton, Laura C. TI Introduction to Issues and Implications of Screening, Surveillance, and Reporting of Children's BMI SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material DE child overweight; adolescent overweight; body mass index; BMI; screening; surveillance C1 [Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Story, Mary T.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Leviton, Laura C.] Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Dietz, WH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-24, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wcd4@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2009 VL 124 BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-3586C PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 500CS UT WOS:000270275400001 PM 19720663 ER PT J AU Dietz, WH Story, MT Leviton, LC AF Dietz, William H. Story, Mary T. Leviton, Laura C. TI Issues and Implications of Screening, Surveillance, and Reporting of Children's BMI SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE overweight; adolescent overweight; body mass index; BMI; screening; surveillance C1 [Dietz, William H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Story, Mary T.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Leviton, Laura C.] Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Dietz, WH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-24, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wcd4@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2009 VL 124 BP S98 EP S101 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-3586M PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 500CS UT WOS:000270275400011 PM 19720673 ER PT J AU Freedman, DS Sherry, B AF Freedman, David S. Sherry, Bettylou TI The Validity of BMI as an Indicator of Body Fatness and Risk Among Children SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE BMI; obesity; children; body fatness; DEXA; racial differences; risk factors; skinfolds; waist circumference ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; TO-HEIGHT RATIO; FOR-DISEASE-CONTROL; FAT-FREE MASS; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; WHITE-CHILDREN; ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT; SKINFOLD THICKNESSES; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS AB PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Although the prevalence of childhood obesity, as assessed by BMI (kg/m(2)), has tripled over the last 3 decades, this index is a measure of excess weight rather than excess body fatness. In this review we focus on the relation of BMI to body fatness and health risks, particularly on the ability of BMI for age >= 95th Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] percentile to identify children who have excess body fatness. We also examine whether these associations differ according to race/ethnicity and whether skinfold and circumference measurements provide additional information on body fatness or health risks. RESULTS: The accuracy of BMI varies according to the degree of body fatness. Among relatively fat children, BMI is a good indicator of excess adiposity, but differences in the BMIs of relatively thin children can be largely due to fat-free mass. Although the accuracy of BMI in identifying children with excess body fatness depends on the chosen cut points, we have found that a high BMI-for-age has a moderately high (70%-80%) sensitivity and positive predictive value, along with a high specificity (95%). Children with a high BMI are much more likely to have adverse risk factor levels and to become obese adults than are thinner children. Skinfold thicknesses and the waist circumference may be useful in identifying children with moderately elevated levels of BMI (85th to 94th percentiles) who truly have excess body fatness or adverse risk factor levels. CONCLUSION: A BMI for age at >= 95th percentile of the CDC reference population is a moderately sensitive and a specific indicator of excess adiposity among children. Pediatrics 2009;124:S23-S34 C1 [Freedman, David S.; Sherry, Bettylou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Freedman, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K-26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dfreedman@cdc.gov NR 76 TC 153 Z9 157 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2009 VL 124 BP S23 EP S34 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-3586E PG 12 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 500CS UT WOS:000270275400003 PM 19720664 ER PT J AU Nihiser, AJ Lee, SM Wechsler, H McKenna, M Odom, E Reinold, C Thompson, D Grummer-Strawn, L AF Nihiser, Allison J. Lee, Sarah M. Wechsler, Howell McKenna, Mary Odom, Erica Reinold, Chris Thompson, Diane Grummer-Strawn, Larry TI BMI Measurement in Schools SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE body mass index; obesity; growth and development; school health services; child; adolescent ID BODY-MASS INDEX; AFFECTING CHILDRENS WEIGHT; HEALTH REPORT CARDS; MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS; PARENTS PERCEPTIONS; ELEMENTARY-SCHOOLS; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; EXPERT COMMITTEE; US CHILDREN; OVERWEIGHT AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: School-based BMI measurement has attracted attention across the nation as a potential approach to address obesity among youth. However, little is known about its impact or effectiveness in changing obesity rates or related physical activity and dietary behaviors that influence obesity. This article describes current BMI-measurement programs and practices, research, and expert recommendations and provides guidance on implementing such an approach. METHODS: An extensive search for scientific articles, position statements, and current state legislation related to BMI-measurement programs was conducted. A literature and policy review was written and presented to a panel of experts. This panel, comprising experts in public health, education, school counseling, school medical care, and parenting, reviewed and provided expertise on this article. RESULTS: School-based BMI-measurement programs are conducted for surveillance or screening purposes. Thirteen states are implementing school-based BMI-measurement programs as required by legislation. Few studies exist that assess the utility of these programs in preventing increases in obesity or the effects these programs may have on weight-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of youth and their families. Typically, expert organizations support school-based BMI surveillance; however, controversy exists over screening. BMI screening does not currently meet all of the American Academy of Pediatrics' criteria for determining whether screening for specific health conditions should be implemented in schools. CONCLUSION: Schools initiating BMI-measurement programs should adhere to safeguards to minimize potential harms and maximize benefits, establish a safe and supportive environment for students of all body sizes, and implement science-based strategies to promote physical activity and healthy eating. Pediatrics 2009;124:S89-S97 C1 [Nihiser, Allison J.; Lee, Sarah M.; Wechsler, Howell; Odom, Erica] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Reinold, Chris; Thompson, Diane; Grummer-Strawn, Larry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McKenna, Mary] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Kinesiol, Fredericton, NB, Canada. RP Nihiser, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-12, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM anihiser@cdc.gov RI Nihiser, Allison/B-8662-2014 NR 61 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 2009 VL 124 BP S89 EP S97 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-3586L PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 500CS UT WOS:000270275400010 PM 19720672 ER PT J AU Menzies, D Benedetti, A Paydar, A Royce, S Pai, M Burman, W Vernon, A Lienhardt, C AF Menzies, Dick Benedetti, Andrea Paydar, Anita Royce, Sarah Pai, Madhukar Burman, William Vernon, Andrew Lienhardt, Christian TI Standardized Treatment of Active Tuberculosis in Patients with Previous Treatment and/or with Mono-resistance to Isoniazid: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED CLINICAL-TRIAL; SHORT-COURSE CHEMOTHERAPY; POSITIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; 6-MONTH COOPERATIVE TUBERCULOSIS; RETREATMENT REGIMEN; SOUTH-INDIA; TREATMENT OUTCOMES; TREATMENT FAILURE; 5-MONTH REGIMENS; COMPLETION AB Background: A standardized regimen recommended by the World Health Organization for retreatment of active tuberculosis (TB) is widely used, but treatment outcomes are suspected to be poor. We conducted a systematic review of published evidence of treatment of patients with a history of previous treatment or documented isoniazid mono-resistance. Methods and Findings: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central database for clinical trials were searched for randomized trials in previously treated patients and/or those with with mono-resistance to isoniazid, published in English, French, or Spanish between 1965 and June 2008. The first two sources were also searched for cohort studies evaluating specifically the current retreatment regimen. In studies selected for inclusion, rifampin-containing regimens were used to treat patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB, in whom bacteriologically confirmed failure and/or relapse had been reported. Pooled cumulative incidences and 95% CIs of treatment outcomes were computed with random effects meta-analyses and negative binomial regression. No randomized trials of the currently recommended retreatment regimen were identified. Only six cohort studies were identified, in which failure rates were 18%-44% in those with isoniazid resistance. In nine trials, using very different regimens in previously treated patients with mono-resistance to isoniazid, the combined failure and relapse rates ranged from 0% to over 75%. From pooled analysis of 33 trials in 1,907 patients with mono-resistance to isoniazid, lower failure, relapse, and acquired drug resistance rates were associated with longer duration of rifampin, use of streptomycin, daily therapy initially, and treatment with a greater number of effective drugs. Conclusions: There are few published studies to support use of the current standardized retreatment regimen. Randomized trials of treatment of persons with isoniazid mono-resistance and/or a history of previous TB treatment are urgently needed. C1 [Menzies, Dick; Benedetti, Andrea; Paydar, Anita; Pai, Madhukar] McGill Univ, Resp & Epidemiol Clin Res Unit, Montreal Chest Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Royce, Sarah] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Burman, William] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Vernon, Andrew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lienhardt, Christian] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Paris, France. [Lienhardt, Christian] Inst Rech Dev, Paris, France. RP Menzies, D (reprint author), McGill Univ, Resp & Epidemiol Clin Res Unit, Montreal Chest Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada. EM Dick.Menzies@mcgill.ca FU World Health Organization; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Fonds de la recherche en santedu Quebec FX Funding for this review was provided in part from the World Health Organization. Salary support was provided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research for MP, Fonds de la recherche en santedu Quebec for DM and AB. None of these agencies had any direct role in the conduct of the study, nor the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 87 TC 95 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 IS 9 AR e1000150 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000150 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 506ZH UT WOS:000270818100013 PM 20101802 ER PT J AU Menzies, D Benedetti, A Paydar, A Martin, I Royce, S Pai, M Vernon, A Lienhardt, C Burman, W AF Menzies, Dick Benedetti, Andrea Paydar, Anita Martin, Ian Royce, Sarah Pai, Madhukar Vernon, Andrew Lienhardt, Christian Burman, William TI Effect of Duration and Intermittency of Rifampin on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SHORT-COURSE CHEMOTHERAPY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL-TRIAL; DIAGNOSED PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; 6-MONTH COOPERATIVE TUBERCULOSIS; DOSE COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; SOUTH-INDIA; HONG-KONG; CONTINUATION PHASE AB Background: Treatment regimens for active tuberculosis (TB) that are intermittent, or use rifampin during only the initial phase, offer practical advantages, but their efficacy has been questioned. We conducted a systematic review of treatment regimens for active TB, to assess the effect of duration and intermittency of rifampin use on TB treatment outcomes. Methods and Findings: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane CENTRAL database for clinical trials were searched for randomized controlled trials, published in English, French, or Spanish, between 1965 and June 2008. Selected studies utilized standardized treatment with rifampin-containing regimens. Studies reported bacteriologically confirmed failure and/or relapse in previously untreated patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB. Pooled cumulative incidences of treatment outcomes and association with risk factors were computed with stratified random effects meta-analyses. Meta-regression was performed using a negative binomial regression model. A total of 57 trials with 312 arms and 21,472 participants were included in the analysis. Regimens utilizing rifampin only for the first 1-2 mo had significantly higher rates of failure, relapse, and acquired drug resistance, as compared to regimens that used rifampin for 6 mo. This was particularly evident when there was initial drug resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, or both. On the other hand, there was little evidence of difference in failure or relapse with daily or intermittent schedules of treatment administration, although there was insufficient published evidence of the efficacy of twice-weekly rifampin administration throughout therapy. Conclusions: TB treatment outcomes were significantly worse with shorter duration of rifampin, or with initial drug resistance to isoniazid and/or streptomycin. Treatment outcomes were similar with all intermittent schedules evaluated, but there is insufficient evidence to support administration of treatment twice weekly throughout therapy. C1 [Menzies, Dick; Benedetti, Andrea; Paydar, Anita; Martin, Ian; Pai, Madhukar] McGill Univ, Resp & Epidemiol Clin Res Unit, Montreal Chest Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Menzies, Dick; Benedetti, Andrea; Paydar, Anita; Martin, Ian; Pai, Madhukar] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Royce, Sarah] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Vernon, Andrew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lienhardt, Christian] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Paris, France. [Lienhardt, Christian] Inst Rech Dev, Paris, France. [Burman, William] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. RP Menzies, D (reprint author), McGill Univ, Resp & Epidemiol Clin Res Unit, Montreal Chest Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada. EM dick.menzies@mcgill.ca FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Fonds de la Recherche en Santedu Quebec FX Partial support for this review came from the WHO, while the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Fonds de la Recherche en Santedu Quebec provided salary support for some authors. These funding sources had no role in the design or conduct of the study, nor the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. NR 108 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 6 IS 9 AR e1000146 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000146 PG 18 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 506ZH UT WOS:000270818100010 PM 19753109 ER PT J AU Johnson, CY Honein, MA Hobbs, CA Rasmussen, SA AF Johnson, Candice Y. Honein, Margaret A. Hobbs, Charlotte A. Rasmussen, Sonja A. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Prenatal diagnosis of orofacial clefts, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1998-2004 SO PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article DE cleft lip; cleft palate; prenatal diagnosis; ultrasonography ID FACIAL CLEFTS; ULTRASOUND; PALATE; LIP; POPULATION; OBESITY; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; IMPACT; US AB Objective The aims of this study were to determine how frequently orofacial clefts were diagnosed prenatally and to investigate factors associated with prenatal diagnosis. Methods We included 2298 mothers from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, each of whom gave birth to a child with an orofacial cleft, and assessed associated factors using logistic regression. Results The frequencies of prenatal diagnosis for cleft lip and palate, cleft lip only, and cleft palate only were 33.3%, 20.3%, and 0.3%, respectively. Among cases with cleft lip with or without cleft palate, cleft type, geographic location, maternal body mass index, household income, year of infant's birth, and presence Of multiple birth defects were significantly associated with receiving a prenatal diagnosis. Conclusion In the majority of infants with orofacial clefts, a prenatal diagnosis was not made. Receiving a prenatal diagnosis was significantly associated with several infant and maternal characteristics. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Johnson, Candice Y.; Honein, Margaret A.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johnson, Candice Y.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hobbs, Charlotte A.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Coll Med, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0197-3851 J9 PRENATAL DIAG JI Prenat. Diagn. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 29 IS 9 BP 833 EP 839 DI 10.1002/pd.2293 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Genetics & Heredity; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 496BR UT WOS:000269943500002 PM 19455588 ER PT J AU Nater, UM Miller, AH Jones, JF Reeves, WC AF Nater, Urs M. Miller, Andrew H. Jones, James F. Reeves, William C. TI ALTERED SALIVARY ALPHA-AMYLASE ACTIVITY UNDER BASAL AND STIMULATED CONDITIONS IN CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Psychophysiological-Research CY OCT 21-24, 2009 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP Soc Psychophysiol Res C1 [Nater, Urs M.] Univ Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Miller, Andrew H.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jones, James F.; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Nater, Urs/J-6898-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0048-5772 J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY JI Psychophysiology PD SEP PY 2009 VL 46 BP S14 EP S14 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 493NR UT WOS:000269744700071 ER PT J AU Begley, EB AF Begley, Elin B. TI Incorporating Rapid HIV Testing into Partner Counseling and Referral Services (vol 123, pg S126, 2008) SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Correction C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Begley, EB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 5 BP 624 EP 624 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 482VV UT WOS:000268918600003 PM 19753939 ER PT J AU Jain, N Singleton, JA Montgomery, M Skalland, B AF Jain, Nidhi Singleton, James A. Montgomery, Margrethe Skalland, Benjamin TI Determining Accurate Vaccination Coverage Rates for Adolescents: The National Immunization Survey-Teen 2006 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; DELIVERY; REGISTRY AB Since 1994, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has funded the National Immunization Survey (NIS), a large telephone survey used to estimate vaccination coverage of U.S. children aged 19-35 months. The NIS is a two-phase survey that obtains vaccination receipt information from a random-digit-dialed survey, designed to identify households with eligible children, followed by a provider record check, which obtains provider-reported vaccination histories for eligible children. In 2006, the survey was expanded for the first time to include a national sample of adolescents aged 13-17 years, called the NIS-Teen. This article summarizes the methodology used in the NIS-Teen. In 2008, the NIS-Teen was expanded to collect state-specific and national-level data to determine vaccination coverage estimates. This survey provides valuable information to guide immunization programs for adolescents. C1 [Jain, Nidhi; Singleton, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Alameda, CA USA. [Montgomery, Margrethe; Skalland, Benjamin] Univ Chicago, Natl Opin Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Jain, N (reprint author), US Coast Guard, Med Clin, Alameda, CA 94501 USA. EM nidhijain415@gmail.com NR 21 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 5 BP 642 EP 651 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 482VV UT WOS:000268918600006 PM 19753942 ER PT J AU Duke, CW Correa, A Romitti, PA Martin, J Kirby, RS AF Duke, C. Wes Correa, Adolfo Romitti, Paul A. Martin, Joyce Kirby, Russell S. TI Challenges and Priorities for Surveillance of Stillbirths: A Report on Two Workshops SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID FETAL-DEATH CERTIFICATES; BIRTH-DEFECTS SURVEILLANCE; MATERNAL OBESITY; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; PREGNANCY; CLASSIFICATION; PREVENTION; STANDARD; VALIDITY AB Stillbirths, those with and without birth defects, are an important public health topic. The National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted two workshops during April and July 2005. Both workshops explored the challenges of conducting surveillance of stillbirths. Workshop participants considered an approach that added the surveillance of stillbirths, those with and without birth defects, as part of existing population-based birth defects surveillance programs in Iowa and Atlanta. The workshops addressed three key aspects for expanding birth defects programs to conduct active, population-based surveillance on stillbirths: (1) case identification and ascertainment, (2) data collection, and (3) data use and project evaluation. Participants included experts in pediatrics, obstetrics, epidemiology, maternal-fetal medicine, perinatology and pediatric pathology, midwifery, as well as practicing clinicians and pathologists. Expanding existing birth defects surveillance programs to include information of stillbirths could potentially enhance the data available on fetal death reports and also could benefit such programs by improving the ascertainment of birth defects. C1 [Duke, C. Wes; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Martin, Joyce] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. RP Duke, CW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cduke@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 5 BP 652 EP 659 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 482VV UT WOS:000268918600007 PM 19753943 ER PT J AU Coyle, KK Potter, S Schneider, D May, G Robin, LE Seymour, J Debrot, K AF Coyle, Karin K. Potter, Susan Schneider, Doris May, Gary Robin, Leah E. Seymour, Jennifer Debrot, Karen TI Distributing Free Fresh Fruit and Vegetables at School: Results of a Pilot Outcome Evaluation SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID CHILDRENS FOOD PREFERENCES; EATING PATTERNS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; PROJECT EAT; GIMME 5; ADOLESCENTS; CONSUMPTION; HEALTH; INTERVENTION; STUDENTS AB Objectives. Consumption of fruit and vegetables among children is generally below recommended levels. This evaluation addressed two questions: (1) To what extent did children's attitudes toward, familiarity with, and preferences for fruit and vegetables change during the school year? and (2) To what extent did children's consumption of fruit and vegetables change during the school year? Methods. During the 2004-2005 school year, the Mississippi Department of Education, Child Nutrition Programs initiated a pilot program to distribute free fruit and vegetables to students (kindergarten through 12th grade) during the school day. Data were collected in 2004-2005 within a one-group pretest/posttest design using a self-report questionnaire (n=725) and 24-hour dietary recalls (n=207) with a sample of students from five schools in Mississippi. Data were analyzed in 2006-2007. Results. Results showed greater familiarity with fruit and vegetables at all grade levels (p<0.05) and increased preferences for fruit among eighth- and 10th-grade students (p<0.01). Eighth-grade students also reported more positive attitudes toward eating fruit and vegetables (p<0.01), increased perceived self-efficacy to eat more fruit (p<0.01), and increased willingness to try new fruit. Finally, results showed increased consumption of fruit, but not vegetables, among eighth- and 10th-grade students (p<0.001). Conclusions. Distributing free fruit and vegetables at school may be a viable component of a more comprehensive approach for improving students' nutrition attitudes and behaviors. More program emphasis is needed on ways to promote vegetable consumption. C1 [Coyle, Karin K.; Potter, Susan] ETR Associates, Scotts Valley, CA 95066 USA. [Schneider, Doris; May, Gary] Mississippi Dept Educ, Off Child Nutr Programs, Jackson, MS USA. [Robin, Leah E.; Debrot, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Seymour, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Coyle, KK (reprint author), ETR Associates, 4 Carbonero Way, Scotts Valley, CA 95066 USA. EM karinc@etr.org FU Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00800] FX The Mississippi Fruit and Vegetable Program pilot evaluation was supported by funding from the Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Contract # 200-2002-00800). NR 35 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 8 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 5 BP 660 EP 669 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 482VV UT WOS:000268918600008 PM 19753944 ER PT J AU MacDorman, MF Mathews, TJ AF MacDorman, Marian F. Mathews, T. J. TI The Challenge of Infant Mortality: Have We Reached a Plateau? SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID US SINGLETON BIRTHS; UNITED-STATES; PRETERM BIRTH; GESTATIONAL-AGE; HEALTH INDICATORS; PERINATAL HEALTH; VITAL-STATISTICS; WEIGHT; RATES; EUROPE AB Objectives. Infant mortality is a major indicator of the health of a nation. We analyzed recent patterns and trends in U.S. infant mortality, with an emphasis on two of the greatest challenges: (1) persistent racial and ethnic disparities and (2) the impact of preterm and low birthweight delivery. Methods. Data from the national linked birth/infant death datasets were used to compute infant mortality rates per 100,000 live births by cause of death (COD), and per 1,000 live births for all other variables. Infant mortality rates and other measures of infant health were analyzed and compared. Leading and preterm-related CODs, and international comparisons of infant mortality rates were also examined. Results. Despite the rapid decline in infant mortality during the 20th century, the U.S. infant mortality rate did not decline from 2000 to 2005, and declined only marginally in 2006. Racial and ethnic disparities in infant mortality have persisted and increased, as have the percentages of preterm and low birthweight deliveries. After decades of improvement, the infant mortality rate for very low birthweight infants remained unchanged from 2000 to 2005. Infant mortality rates from congenital malformations and sudden infant death syndrome declined; however, rates for preterm-related CODs increased. The U.S. international ranking in infant mortality fell from 12th place in 1960 to 30th place in 2005. Conclusions. Infant mortality is a complex and multifactorial problem that has proved resistant to intervention efforts. Continued increases in preterm and low birthweight delivery present major challenges to further improvement in the infant mortality rate. C1 [MacDorman, Marian F.; Mathews, T. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Reprod Stat Branch, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP MacDorman, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Reprod Stat Branch, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 7318, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM mfm1@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 124 IS 5 BP 670 EP 681 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 482VV UT WOS:000268918600009 PM 19753945 ER PT J AU Bertrand, J AF Bertrand, Jacquelyn CA Interventions Children Fetal Alcoh TI Interventions for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs): Overview of findings for five innovative research projects SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR PROBLEM CHILDREN; ACADEMIC-ACHIEVEMENT; INTERACTION THERAPY; EXPOSED CHILDREN; SATISFACTION; PREVALENCE; PARENTS; ADULTS; AGE AB It is well established that prenatal exposure to alcohol causes damage to the developing fetus, resulting in a spectrum of disorders known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). Although our understanding of the deficits and disturbances associated with FASDs is far from complete, there are consistent findings indicating these are serious, lifelong disabilities-especially when these disabilities result from central nervous system damage. Until recently, information and strategies for interventions specific to individuals with FASDs have been gleaned from interventions used with people with other disabilities and from the practical wisdom gained by parents and clinicians through trial and error or shared through informal networks. Although informative to a limited degree, such interventions have been implemented without being evaluated systematically or scientifically. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of a general intervention framework developed for individuals with FASDs and the methods and general findings of five specific intervention research studies conducted within this framework. The studies evaluated five different interventions in five diverse locations in the United States, with different segments of the FASD population. Nonetheless, all participants showed improvement in the target behaviors or skills, with four studies achieving statistical significance in treatment Outcomes. important lessons emerged from these five interventions that may explain Success: including parent education or training, teaching children specific skills they would usually learn by observation or abstraction, and integration into existing systems of treatment. A major implication of these research studies for families dealing with FASDs is that there are now interventions available that can address their children's needs and that can be presented as scientifically validated and efficacious to intervention agents Such as schools, social services, and mental health providers. In the field of FASD research and clinical service, a common theme reported by families has been that clinicians and professionals have been reluctant to diagnose their children because there were no known effective treatments. Results of these five Studies dispel that concern by demonstrating several interventions that have been shown to improve the lives of individuals with FASDs and their families. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bertrand, Jacquelyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Bertrand, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jbertrand@cdc.gov OI Chaffin, Mark/0000-0002-3620-6583 NR 82 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-4222 J9 RES DEV DISABIL JI Res. Dev. Disabil. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 30 IS 5 BP 986 EP 1006 DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2009.02.003 PG 21 WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation GA 443CU UT WOS:000265888600020 PM 19327965 ER PT J AU Levin, EM Koopman, JS Aral, SO Holmes, KK Foxman, B AF Levin, Elizabeth M. Koopman, James S. Aral, Sevgi O. Holmes, King K. Foxman, Betsy TI Characteristics of Men Who Have Sex With Men and Women and Women Who Have Sex With Women and Men: Results From the 2003 Seattle Sex Survey SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RISK; INFECTIONS C1 [Levin, Elizabeth M.; Koopman, James S.; Foxman, Betsy] Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Aral, Sevgi O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holmes, King K.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Holmes, King K.] Univ Washington, Ctr AIDS & STD, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Foxman, B (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, 109 Observ St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM bfoxman@umich.edu OI Foxman, Betsy/0000-0001-6682-238X FU Department of Public Health-Seattle King County, the Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases (MAC-EPID); University of Michigan School of Public Health, the University of Washington Center FX This work was funded by The Department of Public Health-Seattle King County, the Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases (MAC-EPID) at the University of Michigan School of Public Health, the University of Washington Center for AIDS and STD, and the James S. McDonnell Foundation. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 36 IS 9 BP 541 EP 546 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181a819db PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 488TX UT WOS:000269374100003 PM 19543142 ER PT J AU Akksilp, S Wattanaamornkiat, W Kittikraisak, W Nateniyom, S Rienthong, S Sirinak, C Ngamlert, K Mankatittham, W Sattayawuthipong, W Sumnapun, S Yamada, N Monkongdee, P Anuwatnonthakate, A Burapat, C Wells, CD Tappero, JW Varma, JK AF Akksilp, Somsak Wattanaamornkiat, Wanpen Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya Nateniyom, Sriprapa Rienthong, Somsak Sirinak, Chawin Ngamlert, Keerataya Mankatittham, Wiroj Sattayawuthipong, Wanchai Sumnapun, Surin Yamada, Norio Monkongdee, Patama Anuwatnonthakate, Amornrat Burapat, Channawong Wells, Charles D. Tappero, Jordan W. Varma, Jay K. TI MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TB AND HIV IN THAILAND: OVERLAPPING, BUT NOT INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED, RISK FACTORS SO SOUTHEAST ASIAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; DRUG-USERS; TUBERCULOSIS; BANGKOK; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; INFECTION; IMPACT; PRISON; SIDE AB The HIV and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) epidemics are closely linked. In Thailand as part of a sentinel surveillance system, we collected data prospectively about pulmonary TB cases treated in public clinics. A subset of HIV-infected TB patients identified through this system had additional data collected for a research study. We conducted multivariate analysis to identify factors associated with MDR-TB. Of 10,428 TB patients, 2,376 (23%) were HIV-infected; 145 (1%) had MDR-TB. Of the MDR-TB cases, 52 (37%) were HIV-infected. Independent risk factors for MDR-TB included age 18-29 years old, male sex, and previous TB treatment, but not HIV infection. Among new patients, having an injection drug use history was a risk factor for MDR-TB. Of 539 HIV-infected TB patients in the research study, MDR-TB was diagnosed in 1.9 (4%); the only significant risk factors were previous TB treatment and previous hepatitis. In Thailand, HIV is common among MDR-TB patients, but is not an independent risk factor for MDR-TB. Populations at high risk for HIV-young adults, men, injection drug users - should be prioritized for drug susceptibility testing. C1 [Akksilp, Somsak; Wattanaamornkiat, Wanpen] Off Dis Prevent & Control 7, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. [Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya; Monkongdee, Patama; Anuwatnonthakate, Amornrat] US CDC Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Sirinak, Chawin; Ngamlert, Keerataya] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm, Dept Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Mankatittham, Wiroj] Bamrasnaradura Infect Dis Inst, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Sattayawuthipong, Wanchai] Phuket Prov Hlth Off, Phuket, Thailand. [Sumnapun, Surin] Chiang Rai Prov Hlth Off, Chiang Rai, Thailand. [Yamada, Norio; Tappero, Jordan W.; Varma, Jay K.] Res Inst TB, Tokyo, Japan. [Wells, Charles D.; Tappero, Jordan W.; Varma, Jay K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Varma, JK (reprint author), CDC, US Embassy Beijing, 55 An Jia Lou Rd, Beijing 100600, Peoples R China. EM jvarma@cdc.gov FU US Agency for International Development FX We thank the US Agency for International Development for funding this study. The funding agency had no role in the study design, conduct, data analysis, or manuscript preparation. None of the authors have a commercial or other financial interest associated with the information presented in this manuscript. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOUTHEAST ASIAN MINISTERS EDUC ORGANIZATION PI BANGKOK PA SEAMEO-TROPMED, 420-6 RAJVITHI RD,, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-1562 J9 SE ASIAN J TROP MED JI Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1000 EP 1014 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine GA 503FW UT WOS:000270519800017 PM 19842383 ER PT J AU Ishida, K Stupp, P Melian, M AF Ishida, Kanako Stupp, Paul Melian, Mercedes TI Fertility Decline in Paraguay SO STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING LA English DT Article ID PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS; FRAMEWORK; RATES AB Recent reproductive health surveys show that the fertility rate in Paraguay decreased precipitously from 4.3 lifetime births per woman in 1995-98 to 2.9 births in 2001-04. In this study, we establish data consistency between the 1998 and 2004 surveys by comparing a series of cohort-specific period rates and use the Bongaarts framework of proximate determinants of fertility to demonstrate that an increase in the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) between 1998 and 2004 fully accounts for the fertility decline. Decomposition of rates shows that changes in group-specific CPRs explain a greater proportion of the change in the overall CPR than do changes in population composition by educational attainment, urban residence, region, and language spoken at home. Finally, we show that younger cohorts of women in 2004 reported ideal completed fertility desires of less than 2.9 births, suggesting that the fertility rate is likely to continue to decrease. (STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING 2009; 40[3]: 227-234) C1 [Stupp, Paul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Melian, Mercedes] Ctr Paraguayo Estudios Poblac, Dept Invest & Evaluac, Asuncion, Paraguay. EM kishida@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0039-3665 J9 STUD FAMILY PLANN JI Stud. Fam. Plan. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 40 IS 3 BP 227 EP 234 PG 8 WC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 495JN UT WOS:000269887400005 PM 19852412 ER PT J AU Gregory, CO Serdula, MK Sullivan, KM AF Gregory, Cria O. Serdula, Mary K. Sullivan, Kevin M. TI Use of Supplements with and without Iodine in Women of Childbearing Age in the United States SO THYROID LA English DT Letter ID NATIONAL-HEALTH; NUTRITION C1 [Gregory, Cria O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gregory, Cria O.; Serdula, Mary K.; Sullivan, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nutr Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sullivan, Kevin M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gregory, CO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cgregory@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD SEP PY 2009 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1019 EP 1020 DI 10.1089/thy.2009.0166 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 491KP UT WOS:000269577900018 PM 19678748 ER PT J AU Ramos, MM Tomashek, KM Arguello, DF Luxemburger, C Quinones, L Lang, J Munoz-Jordan, JL AF Ramos, Mary M. Tomashek, Kay M. Arguello, D. Fermin Luxemburger, Christine Quinones, Luz Lang, Jean Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. TI Early clinical features of dengue infection in Puerto Rico SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Dengue; Diagnosis; Clinical signs; Prevention; Children; Puerto Rico ID CHILDREN; EPIDEMIC; ADULTS; FEVER; SURVEILLANCE; ENCEPHALITIS; INDICATORS; SEROTYPE AB Early diagnosis of dengue is challenging because the initial symptoms are often non-specific, viraemia may be below detectable levels and serological tests confirm dengue late in the course of illness. Identifying dengue early in the clinical course could be useful in reducing dengue virus transmission in a community. This study analyzed data from 145 laboratory-positive and 293 laboratory-negative dengue cases in Puerto Rico to define the early clinical features of dengue infection in children and adults and to identify the clinical features that predict a laboratory-positive dengue infection. Among children, rash and age were independently associated with laboratory-positive dengue infection. Rash in the absence of cough had a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 82.4% as a paediatric dengue screen. Among adults, eye pain, diarrhoea and absence of upper respiratory symptoms were independently associated with laboratory-positive dengue infection. No useful early predictors of dengue infection among adults were found. Using clinical features may promote earlier identification of a subset of paediatric dengue patients in Puerto Rico. Laboratory confirmation is still necessary for the accurate diagnosis of dengue infection. (C) 2008 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. All rights reserved. C1 [Ramos, Mary M.; Tomashek, Kay M.; Arguello, D. Fermin; Quinones, Luz; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Ramos, Mary M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Luxemburger, Christine] Sanofi Pasteur, F-69367 Lyon, France. [Lang, Jean] Sanofi Pasteur, F-69280 Marcy Letoile, France. RP Ramos, MM (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Pediat, 300 San Mateo Blvd NE,Suite 902, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM mramos@salud.unm.edu FU Sanofi Pasteur FX This work was supported by funding from Sanofi Pasteur. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 103 IS 9 BP 878 EP 884 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.11.009 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 506RT UT WOS:000270794100005 PM 19111871 ER PT J AU Fischer, GE Thompson, N Chaves, SS Bower, W Goldstein, S Armstrong, G Williams, I Bialek, S AF Fischer, Gayle E. Thompson, Nicola Chaves, Sandra S. Bower, William Goldstein, Susan Armstrong, Gregory Williams, Ian Bialek, Stephanie TI The epidemiology of hepatitis A virus infections in four Pacific Island nations, 1995-2008 SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis A virus; Pacific Islands; American Samoa; Federated States of Micronesia; Republic of Palau; Republic of the Marshall Islands ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; VACCINATION; ANTIBODY; ADULTS AB Historically, hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been highly prevalent in developing countries, with most infections occurring during childhood, when they are likely to be asymptomatic. Shifts in the acquisition of infection from childhood to adulthood, when clinical hepatitis is more likely, may leave populations vulnerable to large outbreaks. We conducted cross-sectional serosurveys from 1995 to 2008 in four Pacific Island nations to determine the proportion of people previously infected with HAV by measuring antibodies to HAV (anti-HAV). In American Samoa, 0.0% of 4- to 6-year-oids (95% CI 0.0-3.7) were anti-HAV positive. In Chuuk, FSM, 8.6% of 2- to 6-year-olds (95% CI 5.7-11.5) were anti-HAV positive compared with 98.3% of individuals >= 16 years old (95% CI 96.6-100). In Pohnpei, FSM, 0.8% of 2- to 9-year-olds (95% CI 0.0-1.6) were anti-HAV positive compared with 95.1% of >= 16 year-olds (95% CI 92.2-98.0). In RMI, 85.7% (95% CI 81.9-89.5) of 4- to 9-year-olds were anti-HAV positive. In Palau, 0.7% of 7- to 8-year-olds were anti-HAV positive (95% CI 0.0-1.8). The tow HAV seroprevalence among children in American Samoa, FSM and Palau may indicate a vulnerability to hepatitis A morbidity among these populations. These data wilt be useful for evaluating the need for hepatitis A surveillance and vaccination programs. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. C1 [Fischer, Gayle E.; Thompson, Nicola; Chaves, Sandra S.; Bower, William; Goldstein, Susan; Armstrong, Gregory; Williams, Ian; Bialek, Stephanie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fischer, GE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gefischer@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD SEP PY 2009 VL 103 IS 9 BP 906 EP 910 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.05.001 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 506RT UT WOS:000270794100009 PM 19520409 ER PT J AU Busch, MP Winkelman, V Williams, JD Prince, HE Yeh, C Custer, B Petersen, LR AF Busch, M. P. Winkelman, V. Williams, J. Dunn Prince, H. E. Yeh, C. Custer, B. Petersen, L. R. TI Correlation between Yield of WNV NAT Screening of North Dakota Donors Over 6 Epidemic Seasons with WNV Seroprevalence at the End of 2008 SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 62nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 24-27, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 [Busch, M. P.; Custer, B.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Busch, M. P.; Custer, B.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Winkelman, V.; Williams, J. Dunn] Blood Syst Lab, Tempe, AZ USA. [Prince, H. E.; Yeh, C.] Focus Diagnost, Cypress, CA USA. [Petersen, L. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DVBID, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM mbusch@bloodsystems.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2009 VL 49 BP 29A EP 29A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 490XU UT WOS:000269542200075 ER PT J AU Carrick, JM Knight, J Lontoc-Bugay, C Motta, C Wellbaum, JB Fleischer, C Munor, JL Stramer, SL Linnen, JM AF Carrick, J. M. Knight, J. Lontoc-Bugay, C. Motta, C. Wellbaum, J. B. Fleischer, C. Munor, J. L. Stramer, S. L. Linnen, J. M. TI Highly Sensitive and Equivalent Detection of Dengue Virus Serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 with an Enhanced Transcription-Mediated Amplification Assay SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 62nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 24-27, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 [Carrick, J. M.; Knight, J.; Lontoc-Bugay, C.; Motta, C.; Wellbaum, J. B.; Fleischer, C.; Linnen, J. M.] Gen Probe Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Stramer, S. L.] Amer Red Cross, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Munor, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. EM jamesca@gen-probe.com NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2009 VL 49 BP 29A EP 29A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 490XU UT WOS:000269542200074 ER PT J AU Norris, PJ Glynn, SA Todd, DS Likos, AM Heitman, JW Collins, CS Linnen, JM Busch, MP AF Norris, P. J. Glynn, S. A. Todd, D. S. Likos, A. M. Heitman, J. W. Collins, C. S. Linnen, J. M. Busch, M. P. TI Assessment for Influenza A Virus in Blood Donors SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 62nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 24-27, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 [Norris, P. J.; Heitman, J. W.; Busch, M. P.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Norris, P. J.; Busch, M. P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Glynn, S. A.] NHLBI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Todd, D. S.] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Likos, A. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DVRD, NCID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Collins, C. S.; Linnen, J. M.] Gen Probe Inc, San Diego, CA USA. EM pnorris@bloodsystems.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2009 VL 49 BP 43A EP 43A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 490XU UT WOS:000269542200108 ER PT J AU Dorsey, K Trouen-Trend, J Zou, S Schonberger, LB Dodd, RY AF Dorsey, K. Trouen-Trend, J. Zou, S. Schonberger, L. B. Dodd, R. Y. TI Record Linkage Uses in Identifying Blood Donors to Evaluate Donor Health Outcomes SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 62nd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Blood-Banks CY OCT 24-27, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Assoc Blood Banks C1 [Dorsey, K.; Trouen-Trend, J.; Zou, S.; Dodd, R. Y.] Amer Red Cross, Jerome H Holland Lab, Transmissible Dis Dept, Rockville, MD USA. [Schonberger, L. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM dorseyke@usa.redcross.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 2009 VL 49 BP 221A EP 221A PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 490XU UT WOS:000269542200577 ER PT J AU Harris, JR Cavallaro, EC de Nobrega, AA Barrado, JCBD Bopp, C Parsons, MB Djalo, D Fonseca, FGD Ba, U Semedo, A Sobel, J Mintz, ED AF Harris, Julie R. Cavallaro, Elizabeth C. de Nobrega, Aglaer A. Barrado, Jean C. B. dos S. Bopp, Cheryl Parsons, Michele B. Djalo, Djulde Fonseca, Fatima G. da S. Ba, Umaro Semedo, Agostinho Sobel, Jeremy Mintz, Eric D. TI Field evaluation of Crystal VC (R) Rapid Dipstick test for cholera during a cholera outbreak in Guinea-Bissau SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE cholera; vibrio; rapid test; dipstick; Guinea-Bissau; diarrhoea ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; DIAGNOSIS; O139 AB OBJECTIVES To evaluate performance characteristics and ease of use of the new commercially available Crystal VC (R) Rapid Dipstick (VC) test (Span Diagnostics, India) for Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139. METHODS Whole stool was collected from patients presenting to a hospital cholera ward during a 2008 epidemic in Guinea-Bissau. The VC test on stool samples was conducted on-site; samples were subsequently stored in Cary-Blair transport media and sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for diagnostic testing by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, four local laboratory technicians who were unfamiliar with the test were provided with stool samples, the VC test kit, and simple written instructions and asked to perform the test and interpret results. RESULTS A total of 101 stool specimens were collected and tested. Compared with PCR, the test was 97% sensitive and 71-76% specific. Laboratory technicians in Bissau performed the test and interpreted results correctly using only simple written instructions. CONCLUSIONS The VC test may be useful for cholera diagnosis in outbreak situations where laboratory capacity is limited. C1 [Harris, Julie R.; Cavallaro, Elizabeth C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [de Nobrega, Aglaer A.; Barrado, Jean C. B. dos S.] Minist Saude, Dept Epidemiol Surveillance, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Barrado, Jean C. B. dos S.] Minist Saude, Field Epidemiol Training Program, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Djalo, Djulde; Fonseca, Fatima G. da S.; Ba, Umaro; Semedo, Agostinho] Simao Mendes Natl Hosp, Bissau, Guinea Bissau. RP Harris, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ggt5@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD SEP PY 2009 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1117 EP 1121 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02335.x PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 487HY UT WOS:000269263800020 PM 19624473 ER PT J AU Noonan, RK Charles, D AF Noonan, Rita K. Charles, Dyanna TI Developing Teen Dating Violence Prevention Strategies Formative Research With Middle School Youth SO VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN LA English DT Article DE focus groups; formative research; prevention programming; teen dating violence ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; HEALTH CONSEQUENCES; RISK; AGGRESSION; ADOLESCENTS; MEN; VICTIMIZATION; PREDICTORS; ATTITUDES AB Intimate partner violence (IPV) peaks in youth and young adulthood and is associated with multiple adolescent risk behaviors and negative health outcomes. Targeting youth with prevention messages before they start dating may avert teen dating violence and subsequent adult IPV. This article discusses findings from focus groups with middle school youth to determine behaviors and beliefs regarding dating violence. To develop effective prevention messages, participants were asked questions about characteristics of middle school dating relationships, healthy relationships, relationship norms, unhealthy relationships, emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, intervening in violent situations, and trusted sources for information about dating violence. The recommendations for prevention efforts include an emphasis on skill building, tailoring efforts for particular subgroups, and identifying innovative ways of reaching youth. C1 [Noonan, Rita K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Home & Recreat Team, Div Unintent Injury, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Charles, Dyanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Noonan, RK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Home & Recreat Team, Div Unintent Injury, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 39 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 16 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1077-8012 J9 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOM JI Violence Against Women PD SEP PY 2009 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1087 EP 1105 DI 10.1177/1077801209340761 PG 19 WC Women's Studies SC Women's Studies GA 482UC UT WOS:000268913300009 PM 19675364 ER PT J AU Martin, MA Frisco, ML May, AL AF Martin, Molly A. Frisco, Michelle L. May, Ashleigh L. TI GENDER AND RACE/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN INACCURATE WEIGHT PERCEPTIONS AMONG US ADOLESCENTS SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; UNITED-STATES; OVERWEIGHT; HEALTH; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE; BEHAVIORS; STUDENTS; OBESITY; IMAGE AB Purpose. Inaccurate weight perceptions may lead to unhealthy weight control practices among normal weight adolescents and to a greater risk of adult obesity and related morbidities for overweight adolescents. To examine which U.S. adolescents are at risk of these outcomes, we examine gender and racial/ethnic differences in weight perception inaccuracy. This is the first study of weight perception inaccuracy to include Latino/a and Asian American adolescents. Methods. Among the 12,789 Wave 11 participants of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we estimate multivariate models that reveal how gender, race/ethnicity, and clinical weight categories predict weight perception inaccuracy. Results. Relative to boys, girls have lower odds of underestimating their weight and greater odds of overestimating their weight. In particular, among overweight and obese adolescents, girls are more accurate than boys, but among normal weight adolescents, boys are more accurate. Compared with Whites, African Americans are more likely to underestimate their weight, particularly among overweight girls and obese boys. Overall and particularly among girls and normal weight adolescents, African Americans are less likely to overestimate their weight than their White counterparts. Finally, Asian American girls are more likely to underestimate their weight than White girls. Conclusion. These findings have important implications for identifying and intervening with adolescents at the greatest risk of long-term weight problems, weight-related morbidity, and unhealthy weight control practices. C1 [Martin, Molly A.; Frisco, Michelle L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Sociol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Martin, Molly A.; Frisco, Michelle L.] Penn State Univ, Populat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [May, Ashleigh L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Martin, MA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Sociol, 211 Oswald Tower, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mmartin@pop.psu.edu FU NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD050144-03, R01 HD050144, R01-HD050144] NR 28 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD SEP-OCT PY 2009 VL 19 IS 5 BP 292 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.whi.2009.05.003 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 498SV UT WOS:000270164500002 PM 19733799 ER PT J AU Osterholt, DM Onikpo, F Lama, M Deming, MS Rowe, AK AF Osterholt, Dawn M. Onikpo, Faustin Lama, Marcel Deming, Michael S. Rowe, Alexander K. TI Improving pneumonia case-management in Benin: a randomized trial of a multi-faceted intervention to support health worker adherence to Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines SO HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FACILITIES; CHILDREN; STRATEGY; QUALITY AB Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of death among children under five years of age. The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness strategy can improve the quality of care for pneumonia and other common illnesses in developing countries, but adherence to these guidelines could be improved. We evaluated an intervention in Benin to support health worker adherence to the guidelines after training, focusing on pneumonia case management. Methods: We conducted a randomized trial. After a health facility survey in 1999 to assess health care quality before Integrated Management of Childhood Illness training, health workers received training plus either study supports (job aids, non-financial incentives and supervision of workers and supervisors) or "usual" supports. Follow-up surveys were conducted in 2001, 2002 and 2004. Outcomes were indicators of health care quality for Integrated Management-defined pneumonia. Further analyses included a graphical pathway analysis and multivariable logistic regression modelling to identify factors influencing case-management quality. Results: We observed 301 consultations of children with non-severe pneumonia that were performed by 128 health workers in 88 public and private health facilities. Although outcomes improved in both intervention and control groups, we found no statistically significant difference between groups. However, training proceeded slowly, and low-quality care from untrained health workers diluted intervention effects. Per-protocol analyses suggested that health workers with training plus study supports performed better than those with training plus usual supports (20.4 and 19.2 percentage-point improvements for recommended treatment [p = 0.08] and "recommended or adequate" treatment [p = 0.01], respectively). Both groups tended to perform better than untrained health workers. Analyses of treatment errors revealed that incomplete assessment and difficulties processing clinical findings led to missed pneumonia diagnoses, and missed diagnoses led to inadequate treatment. Increased supervision frequency was associated with better care (odds ratio for recommended treatment = 2.1 [95% confidence interval: 1.13.9] per additional supervisory visit). Conclusion: Integrated Management of Childhood Illness training was useful, but insufficient, to achieve high-quality pneumonia case management. Our study supports led to additional improvements, although large gaps in performance still remained. A simple graphical pathway analysis can identify specific, common errors that health workers make in the case-management process; this information could be used to target quality improvement activities, such as supervision (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00510679). C1 [Osterholt, Dawn M.; Deming, Michael S.; Rowe, Alexander K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Osterholt, Dawn M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Div Gen & Community Pediat Res, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Onikpo, Faustin] Minist Hlth, Direct Dept Sante Publ Oueme Plateau, Porto Novo, Benin. [Lama, Marcel] Africare Benin, Porto Novo, Benin. RP Osterholt, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dawn.osterholt@cchmc.org; onikpoakitan@yahoo.fr; Marcel.Lama@TheGlobalFund.org; msd1@cdc.gov; axr9@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-4491 J9 HUM RESOUR HEALTH JI Hum. Resour. Health PD AUG 27 PY 2009 VL 7 AR 77 DI 10.1186/1478-4491-7-77 PG 13 WC Health Policy & Services; Industrial Relations & Labor SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Business & Economics GA 507XG UT WOS:000270888500001 PM 19712484 ER PT J AU Shui, IM Shi, P Dutta-Linn, MM Weintraub, ES Hambidge, SJ Nordin, JD Lieu, TA AF Shui, Irene M. Shi, Ping Dutta-Linn, M. Maya Weintraub, Eric S. Hambidge, Simon J. Nordin, James D. Lieu, Tracy A. CA Vaccine Safety Datalink Res Team TI Predictive value of seizure ICD-9 codes for vaccine safety research SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine safety; Seizures; Positive predictive value ID HEALTHY-CHILDREN; DATALINK PROJECT; IMMUNIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; PERTUSSIS; RUBELLA; MEASLES; EVENTS; MUMPS; RISK AB Post-licensure vaccine safety studies often monitor for seizures using automated screening of ICD-9 codes. This study assessed the positive predictive value (PPV) of ICD-9 codes used to identify seizure visits in children aged 6 weeks to 23 months who were enrolled in seven managed care organizations during January 2000 to December 2005. ICD-9 codes were used to identify visits for seizures in the 0-30-day period following receipt of a pneumococcal vaccine. Visits were stratified by setting of diagnosis (emergency department (ED), outpatient, and inpatient). Review of medical records confirmed whether the visit represented a true acute seizure event. 3233 visits for seizures were identified; 1024 were randomly selected for medical record review and 859 (84%) had records available. The PPV of ICD-9 codes was highest in the ED setting (97%), followed by the inpatient setting (64%). In the outpatient setting, computerized codes for seizures had very low PPV: 16% on days 1-30 following vaccination and 2% for visits on the same day of vaccination. An estimated 77% of true seizures identified were from the ED or inpatient settings. In conclusion, when using ICD-9 codes to identify seizure outcomes, restricting to the ED and inpatient settings of diagnosis may result in less biased preliminary analyses and more efficient vaccine safety studies. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shui, Irene M.; Shi, Ping; Dutta-Linn, M. Maya; Lieu, Tracy A.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Dept Ambulatory Care & Prevent, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Weintraub, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Denver Hlth, Community Hlth Pediat, Denver, CO USA. [Nordin, James D.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Lieu, Tracy A.] Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Shui, IM (reprint author), Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Dept Ambulatory Care & Prevent, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM irene_shui@hphc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 19 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 27 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 39 BP 5307 EP 5312 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.06.092 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 492BT UT WOS:000269629800004 PM 19616500 ER PT J AU Lynch, MF Blanton, EM Bulens, S Polyak, C Vojdani, J Stevenson, J Medalla, F Barzilay, E Joyce, K Barrett, T Mintz, ED AF Lynch, Michael F. Blanton, Elizabeth M. Bulens, Sandra Polyak, Christina Vojdani, Jazmin Stevenson, Jennifer Medalla, Felicia Barzilay, Ezra Joyce, Kevin Barrett, Timothy Mintz, Eric Daniel TI Typhoid Fever in the United States, 1999-2006 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT SALMONELLA-TYPHI; ENTERICA SEROTYPE TYPHI; ANTIMICROBIAL-RESISTANCE; DRUG-RESISTANCE; INFECTIONS; COUNTRIES; BURDEN; TRAVEL; INDIA AB Context Typhoid fever in the United States has increasingly been due to infection with antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella ser Typhi. National surveillance for typhoid fever can inform prevention and treatment recommendations. Objective To assess trends in infections with antimicrobial-resistant S Typhi. Design Cross-sectional, laboratory-based surveillance study. Setting and Participants We reviewed data from 1999-2006 for 1902 persons with typhoid fever who had epidemiologic information submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and 2016 S Typhi isolates sent by participating public health laboratories to the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System Laboratory at the CDC for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Main Outcome Measures Proportion of S Typhi isolates demonstrating resistance to 14 antimicrobial agents and patient risk factors for antimicrobial-resistant infections. Results Patient median age was 22 years (range, <1-90 years); 1295 (73%) were hospitalized and 3 (0.2%) died. Foreign travel within 30 days of illness was reported by 1439 (79%). Only 58 travelers (5%) had received typhoid vaccine. Two hundred seventy-two (13%) of 2016 isolates tested were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (multidrug-resistant S Typhi [MDRST]); 758 (38%) were resistant to nalidixic acid (nalidixic acid-resistant S Typhi [NARST]) and 734 NARST isolates (97%) had decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. The proportion of NARST increased from 19% in 1999 to 54% in 2006. Five ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates were identified. Patients with resistant infections were more likely to report travel to the Indian subcontinent: 85% of patients infected with MDRST and 94% with NARST traveled to the Indian subcontinent, while 44% of those with susceptible infections did (MDRST odds ratio, 7.5; 95% confidence interval, 4.1-13.8; NARST odds ratio, 20.4; 95% confidence interval, 12.4-33.9). Conclusion Infection with antimicrobial-resistant S Typhi strains among US patients with typhoid fever is associated with travel to the Indian subcontinent, and an increasing proportion of these infections are due to S Typhi strains with decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. JAMA. 2009; 302(8): 859-865 C1 [Lynch, Michael F.; Blanton, Elizabeth M.; Bulens, Sandra; Polyak, Christina; Vojdani, Jazmin; Stevenson, Jennifer; Medalla, Felicia; Barzilay, Ezra; Mintz, Eric Daniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Joyce, Kevin; Barrett, Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Barrett, Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Barrett, Timothy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Off Chief Sci Officer, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Lynch, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mlynch1@cdc.gov OI Duque, Jazmin/0000-0003-3484-276X NR 25 TC 82 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 26 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 8 BP 859 EP 865 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 487GN UT WOS:000269260100019 PM 19706859 ER PT J AU Crepaz, N Marks, G Liau, A Mullins, MM Aupont, LW Marshall, KJ Jacobs, ED Wolitski, RJ AF Crepaz, Nicole Marks, Gary Liau, Adrian Mullins, Mary M. Aupont, Latrina W. Marshall, Khiya J. Jacobs, Elizabeth D. Wolitski, Richard J. CA HIV AIDS Prevention Res Synth Team TI Prevalence of unprotected anal intercourse among HIV-diagnosed MSM in the United States: a meta-analysis SO AIDS LA English DT Review DE HIV/AIDS; men who have sex with men; people living with HIV; serosorting; strategic positioning; unprotected sex ID SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; NEW-YORK-CITY; TRANSMISSION RISK; BISEXUAL MEN; POSITIVE MEN; GAY MEN; MULTICLINIC ASSESSMENT; PREVENTION STRATEGIES; SEROPOSITIVE MEN AB Objective: To integrate the empirical findings on the prevalence of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among HIV-diagnosed men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States. Methods: Comprehensively searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO (2000-2007), hand searching bibliographic lists, and contacting researchers. Thirty US studies (n = 18 121) met selection criteria. Analyses were conducted using random-effects models and meta-regress ion. Results: The prevalence of UAI was considerably higher with HIV-seropositive partners (30%; 95% confidence interval 25-36) than with serostatus unknown (16%; 95% confidence interval 13-21) or HIV-seronegative partners (13%; 95% confidence interval 10-16). The prevalence of UAI with either a serostatus unknown or HIV-seronegative partner was 26%. The UAI prevalence did not differ by the length of the behavioral recall window but did vary by the type of anal intercourse (insertive vs. receptive). Studies with the following features had a lower UAI prevalence: recruiting participants before 2000, MSM of color being the majority of study sample, recruiting participants from medical settings, using random or systematic sampling methods, and having interviewers administer the questionnaire. Being on antiretroviral therapy, having an undetectable viral load, and reporting more than 90% medication adherence were not associated with UAI. Conclusion: Most HIV-diagnosed MSM protect partners during sexual activity, but a sizeable percentage continues to engage in sexual behaviors that place others at risk for HIV infection and place themselves at risk for other sexually transmitted infections. Prevention with positives programs continues to be urgently needed for MSM in the United States. (C) 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Crepaz, Nicole] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Crepaz, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ncrepaz@cdc.gov FU Prevention Research Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, U.S. CDC FX We sincerely thank the following authors for providing additional data to assist our coding and analyses: Angela Aidala; IDavid S. Bimbi; Cherilyn K. Bingnian; Michael Canipsinith; Sanny Y. Chen; Shonda M. Craft; Paul Denning; Ralph DiClemente; Helen Ding; Theresa Exner; Ellen Funkhouser; Lytt Gardner; Christian Grov; Perry N. Halkitis; Bell Hadsock; IDavid HoItgrave; Charlotte Kent; Andrea Y. Kim; Robert Klitzman; Gordon Mansergh; Gary Marks; Wilh McFarland; Stephen Morin; Joanne Mullen; Dennis H. Osmond; David E. Ostrow; Jeffrey T. Parsons; Lance M. Pollack: Paul J. Poppen; Michael Reece; jean L Richardson; Starley Sliadel- Peter Theodore; Peter Vanable; Lance S. Weinhardt; William L. H. Whittington, Richard Wolitski. No compensation was received for any contributions made by these individuals. NR 69 TC 134 Z9 142 U1 3 U2 22 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD AUG 24 PY 2009 VL 23 IS 13 BP 1617 EP 1629 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832effae PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 488FF UT WOS:000269333900001 PM 19584704 ER PT J AU Prabhu, VS Hutchinson, AB Farnham, PG Sansom, SL AF Prabhu, Vimalanand S. Hutchinson, Angela B. Farnham, Paul G. Sansom, Stephanie L. TI Sexually acquired HIV infections in the United States due to acute-phase HIV transmission: an update SO AIDS LA English DT Letter ID EPIDEMICS; USA C1 [Prabhu, Vimalanand S.; Hutchinson, Angela B.; Farnham, Paul G.; Sansom, Stephanie L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Prabhu, VS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD AUG 24 PY 2009 VL 23 IS 13 BP 1792 EP 1794 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32832e7d04 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 488FF UT WOS:000269333900023 PM 19684485 ER PT J AU Koontz, DA Huckins, JJ Spencer, A Gallagher, ML AF Koontz, Deborah A. Huckins, Jacqueline J. Spencer, Antonina Gallagher, Margaret L. TI Rapid detection of the CYP2A6*12 hybrid allele by Pyrosequencing (R) technology SO BMC MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE METABOLISM; CYP2A6; GENE; POLYMORPHISMS; ASSOCIATION; CAUCASIANS; SMOKING; PCR AB Background: Identification of CYP2A6 alleles associated with reduced enzyme activity is important in the study of inter-individual differences in drug metabolism. CYP2A6*12 is a hybrid allele that results from unequal crossover between CYP2A6 and CYP2A7 genes. The 5' regulatory region and exons 1-2 are derived from CYP2A7, and exons 3-9 are derived from CYP2A6. Conventional methods for detection of CYP2A6*12 consist of two-step PCR protocols that are laborious and unsuitable for high-throughput genotyping. We developed a rapid and accurate method to detect the CYP2A6*12 allele by Pyrosequencing technology. Methods: A single set of PCR primers was designed to specifically amplify both the CYP2A6*1 wildtype allele and the CYP2A6*12 hybrid allele. An internal Pyrosequencing primer was used to generate allele-specific sequence information, which detected homozygous wild-type, heterozygous hybrid, and homozygous hybrid alleles. We first validated the assay on 104 DNA samples that were also genotyped by conventional two-step PCR and by cycle sequencing. CYP2A6*12 allele frequencies were then determined using the Pyrosequencing assay on 181 multi-ethnic DNA samples from subjects of African American, European Caucasian, Pacific Rim, and Hispanic descent. Finally, we streamlined the Pyrosequencing assay by integrating liquid handling robotics into the workflow. Results: Pyrosequencing results demonstrated 100% concordance with conventional two-step PCR and cycle sequencing methods. Allele frequency data showed slightly higher prevalence of the CYP2A6*12 allele in European Caucasians and Hispanics. Conclusion: This Pyrosequencing assay proved to be a simple, rapid, and accurate alternative to conventional methods, which can be easily adapted to the needs of higher-throughput studies. C1 [Koontz, Deborah A.; Gallagher, Margaret L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Huckins, Jacqueline J.; Spencer, Antonina] Qiagen Inc, Germantown, MD 20874 USA. RP Koontz, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM duk5@cdc.gov; jacki.huckins@qiagen.com; antonina.spencer@qiagen.com; mxg2@cdc.gov FU Research Participation Program at CDC; U.S. Department of Energy administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX We would like to thank Stanimila Nikolova for her technical assistance in confirming the CYP2A6*12 homozygote samples. Jacqueline Huckins and Antonina Spencer were funded by the Research Participation Program at CDC, an inter-agency agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. This work was funded through allocations for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Laboratory Sciences. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2350 J9 BMC MED GENET JI BMC Med. Genet. PD AUG 24 PY 2009 VL 10 AR 80 DI 10.1186/1471-2350-10-80 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 491FT UT WOS:000269564100001 PM 19703308 ER PT J AU Khetsuriani, N Helfand, R Pallansch, M Kew, O Fowlkes, A Oberste, MS Tukei, P Muli, J Makokha, E Gary, H AF Khetsuriani, Nino Helfand, Rita Pallansch, Mark Kew, Olen Fowlkes, Ashley Oberste, M. Steven Tukei, Peter Muli, Joseph Makokha, Ernest Gary, Howard TI Limited duration of vaccine poliovirus and other enterovirus excretion among human immunodeficiency virus infected children in Kenya SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS; HIV-INFECTION; SOUTH-AFRICA; TYPE-1; ERADICATION; PCR; IDENTIFICATION; PERSISTENCE; DIARRHEA; ISSUES AB Background: Immunodeficient persons with persistent vaccine-related poliovirus infection may serve as a potential reservoir for reintroduction of polioviruses after wild poliovirus eradication, posing a risk of their further circulation in inadequately immunized populations. Methods: To estimate the potential for vaccine-related poliovirus persistence among HIV-infected persons, we studied poliovirus excretion following vaccination among children at an orphanage in Kenya. For 12 months after national immunization days, we collected serial stool specimens from orphanage residents aged <5 years at enrollment and recorded their HIV status and demographic, clinical, immunological, and immunization data. To detect and characterize isolated polioviruses and non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV), we used viral culture, typing and intratypic differentiation of isolates by PCR, ELISA, and nucleic acid sequencing. Long-term persistence was defined as shedding for = 6 months. Results: Twenty-four children (15 HIV-infected, 9 HIV-uninfected) were enrolled, and 255 specimens (170 from HIV-infected, 85 from HIV-uninfected) were collected. All HIV-infected children had mildly or moderately symptomatic HIV-disease and moderate-to-severe immunosuppression. Fifteen participants shed vaccine-related polioviruses, and 22 shed NPEV at some point during the study period. Of 46 poliovirus-positive specimens, 31 were from HIV-infected, and 15 from HIV-uninfected children. No participant shed polioviruses for = 6 months. Genomic sequencing of poliovirus isolates did not reveal any genetic evidence of long-term shedding. There was no long-term shedding of NPEV. Conclusion: The results indicate that mildly to moderately symptomatic HIV-infected children retain the ability to clear enteroviruses, including vaccine-related poliovirus. Larger studies are needed to confirm and generalize these findings. C1 [Khetsuriani, Nino; Helfand, Rita; Pallansch, Mark; Kew, Olen; Fowlkes, Ashley; Oberste, M. Steven; Gary, Howard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tukei, Peter; Muli, Joseph; Makokha, Ernest] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Khetsuriani, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nck7@cdc.gov; RHelfand@cdc.gov; MPallansch@cdc.gov; OKew@cdc.gov; ahl4@cdc.gov; SOberste@cdc.gov; PTukei@kemri.org; PTukei@kemri.org; epmakokha@ke.cdc.gov; HGary@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD AUG 23 PY 2009 VL 9 AR 136 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-9-136 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 501VW UT WOS:000270412400001 PM 19698184 ER PT J AU Crosby, AE Espitia-Hardeman, V Hill, HA Ortega, L Clavel-Arcas, C AF Crosby, A. E. Espitia-Hardeman, V. Hill, H. A. Ortega, L. Clavel-Arcas, C. TI Alcohol and Suicide Among Racial/Ethnic Populations-17 States, 2005-2006 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 637-641, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID PREVENTION C1 [Crosby, A. E.; Espitia-Hardeman, V.; Hill, H. A.; Ortega, L.; Clavel-Arcas, C.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Crosby, AE (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 19 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 7 BP 733 EP 734 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 484UT UT WOS:000269073800009 ER PT J AU Slade, BA Leidel, L Vellozzi, C Woo, EJ Hua, W Sutherland, A Izurieta, HS Ball, R Miller, N Braun, MM Markowitz, LE Iskander, J AF Slade, Barbara A. Leidel, Laura Vellozzi, Claudia Woo, Emily Jane Hua, Wei Sutherland, Andrea Izurieta, Hector S. Ball, Robert Miller, Nancy Braun, M. Miles Markowitz, Lauri E. Iskander, John TI Postlicensure Safety Surveillance for Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; EVENT-REPORTING-SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; PARTICLE VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; SYNCOPE; DRUGS; RISK AB Context In June 2006, the Food and Drug Administration licensed the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) recombinant vaccine (qHPV) in the United States for use in females aged 9 to 26 years; the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices then recommended qHPV for routine vaccination of girls aged 11 to 12 years. Objective To summarize reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) following receipt of qHPV. Design, Setting, and Participants Review and describe adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) reported to VAERS, a national, voluntary, passive surveillance system, from June 1, 2006, through December 31, 2008. Additional analyses were performed for some AEFIs in prelicensure trials, those of unusual severity, or those that had received public attention. Statistical data mining, including proportional reporting ratios (PRRs) and empirical Bayesian geometric mean methods, were used to detect disproportionality in reporting. Main Outcome Measures Numbers of reported AEFIs, reporting rates (reports per 100 000 doses of distributed vaccine or per person-years at risk), and comparisons with expected background rates. Results VAERS received 12 424 reports of AEFIs following qHPV distribution, a rate of 53.9 reports per 100 000 doses distributed. A total of 772 reports (6.2% of all reports) described serious AEFIs, including 32 reports of death. The reporting rates per 100 000 qHPV doses distributed were 8.2 for syncope; 7.5 for local site reactions; 6.8 for dizziness; 5.0 for nausea; 4.1 for headache; 3.1 for hypersensitivity reactions; 2.6 for urticaria; 0.2 for venous thromboembolic events, autoimmune disorders, and Guillain-Barre syndrome; 0.1 for anaphylaxis and death; 0.04 for transverse myelitis and pancreatitis; and 0.009 for motor neuron disease. Disproportional reporting of syncope and venous thromboembolic events was noted with data mining methods. Conclusions Most of the AEFI rates were not greater than the background rates compared with other vaccines, but there was disproportional reporting of syncope and venous thromboembolic events. The significance of these findings must be tempered with the limitations (possible underreporting) of a passive reporting system. JAMA. 2009;302(7):750-757 C1 [Slade, Barbara A.; Leidel, Laura; Vellozzi, Claudia; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Iskander, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Woo, Emily Jane; Hua, Wei; Sutherland, Andrea; Izurieta, Hector S.; Ball, Robert; Miller, Nancy; Braun, M. Miles] US FDA, Washington, DC 20204 USA. RP Slade, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bfs9@cdc.gov FU CDC; FDA FX The study was implemented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The only funds used were from CDC and FDA budgets. This study had no external sponsors. NR 33 TC 221 Z9 232 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 19 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 7 BP 750 EP 757 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 484UT UT WOS:000269073800023 PM 19690307 ER PT J AU Grijalva, CG Nuorti, JP Griffin, MR AF Grijalva, Carlos G. Nuorti, J. Pekka Griffin, Marie R. TI Antibiotic Prescription Rates for Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in US Ambulatory Settings SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; RESISTANT STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; HEALTH-CARE UTILIZATION; UNITED-STATES; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASES-SOCIETY; APPROPRIATE USE AB Context During the 1990s, antibiotic prescriptions for acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) decreased in the United States. The sustainability of those changes is unknown. Objective To assess trends in antibiotic prescriptions for ARTI. Design, Setting, and Participants The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data (1995-2006) were used to examine trends in antibiotic prescription rates by antibiotic indication and class. Annual survey data and census denominators were combined in 2-year intervals for rate calculations. Main Outcome Measures National annual visit rates and antibiotic prescription rates for ARTI, including otitis media (OM) and non-ARTI. Results Among children younger than 5 years, annual ARTI visit rates decreased by 17% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9%-24%), from 1883 per 1000 population in 1995-1996 to 1560 per 1000 population in 2005-2006, primarily due to a 33% (95% CI, 22%-43%) decrease in OM visit rates (950 to 634 per 1000 population, respectively). This decrease was accompanied by a 36% (95% CI, 26%-45%) decrease in ARTI-associated antibiotic prescriptions (1216 to 779 per 1000 population). Among persons aged 5 years or older, ARTI visit rates remained stable but associated antibiotic prescription rates decreased by 18% (95% CI, 6%-29%), from 178 to 146 per 1000 population. Antibiotic prescription rates for non-OM ARTI for which antibiotics are rarely indicated decreased by 41% (95% CI, 22%-55%) and 24% (95% CI, 10%-37%) among persons younger than 5 years and 5 years or older, respectively. Overall, ARTI-associated prescription rates for penicillin, cephalosporin, and sulfonamide/tetracycline decreased. Prescription rates for azithromycin increased and it became the most commonly prescribed macrolide for ARTI and OM (10% of OM visits). Among adults, quinolone prescriptions increased. Conclusions Overall antibiotic prescription rates for ARTI decreased, associated with fewer OM visits in children younger than 5 years and with fewer prescriptions for ARTI for which antibiotics are rarely indicated. However, prescription rates for broad-spectrum antibiotics increased significantly. JAMA. 2009;302(7):758-766 C1 [Grijalva, Carlos G.; Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Nuorti, J. Pekka] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grijalva, CG (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, 1500 21st Ave,Ste 2600, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM carlos.grijalva@vanderbilt.edu FU MedImmune; Pfizer; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [TS-1392, TS-1454, K01 CI000163] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through Cooperative Agreements with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (TS-1392 and TS-1454). Dr Grijalva is supported by a CDC career development award (K01 CI000163). NR 53 TC 208 Z9 213 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 19 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 7 BP 758 EP 766 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 484UT UT WOS:000269073800024 PM 19690308 ER PT J AU Dolan, M AF Dolan, Marc TI Research and development of all natural, plant-derived insecticides, pesticides, and repellents for the control of disease-vectoring arthropods of public health importance SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dolan, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mcd4@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 28-AGRO BP 379 EP 379 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861900339 ER PT J AU Gaunt, PS Kalb, SR Barr, JR AF Gaunt, Patricia S. Kalb, Suzanne R. Barr, John R. TI Catfish serum neutralization and endopep mass spectrometric assays to detect botulinum in catfish SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gaunt, Patricia S.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Coll Vet Med, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Kalb, Suzanne R.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gaunt@cvm.msstate.edu; skalb@cdc.gov; jbb0@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 269-AGRO BP 411 EP 411 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861900371 ER PT J AU Barr, JR Kalb, SR Moura, H Santana, WI Woolfitt, AR Solano, MI Terilli, R Pirkle, JL AF Barr, John R. Kalb, Suzanne R. Moura, Hercules Santana, Wanda I. Woolfitt, Adrian R. Solano, Maria I. Terilli, Rebecca Pirkle, James L. TI ANYL 281-Detection, differentiation, and subtyping of botulinum neurotoxins with mass spectrometry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Barr, John R.; Kalb, Suzanne R.; Moura, Hercules; Santana, Wanda I.; Woolfitt, Adrian R.; Solano, Maria I.; Terilli, Rebecca; Pirkle, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbb0@cdc.gov; skalb@cdc.gov; HMoura@cdc.gov; ewz4@cdc.gov; AWoolfitt@cdc.gov; MSolano@cdc.gov; RTerrilli@cdc.gov; JPirkle@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 281-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901146 ER PT J AU Dluhy, RA Driskell, JD Zhao, YP Tripp, RA Rota, P Krause, DC AF Dluhy, R. A. Driskell, J. D. Zhao, Y-P Tripp, R. A. Rota, P. Krause, D. C. TI COLL 62-Novel nanorod array substrates as a platform for SERS-based biosensing of infectious disease SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dluhy, R. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Driskell, J. D.; Tripp, R. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Zhao, Y-P] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Rota, P.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Krause, D. C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dluhy@uga.edu; jdriskel@uga.edu; zhaoy@physast.uga.edu; rtripp@vet.uga.edu; par1@cdc.gov; dkrause@uga.edu RI Tripp, Ralph/F-5218-2011; Zhao, Yiping/A-4968-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 62-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861903371 ER PT J AU Nguyen, JV Panuwet, P Wade, EL Restrepo, P Magsumbol, M Montesano, A Needham, LL Barr, DB AF Nguyen, Johnny V. Panuwet, Parinya Wade, Erin Lynn Restrepo, Paula Magsumbol, Melina Montesano, Angela Needham, Larry L. Barr, Dana B. TI ANYL 153-Measurement of melamine in human urine using HPLC-MS/MS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nguyen, Johnny V.; Panuwet, Parinya; Wade, Erin Lynn; Restrepo, Paula; Magsumbol, Melina; Montesano, Angela; Barr, Dana B.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nonpersistent Pesticides Grp, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Needham, Larry L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Organ Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jdn1@cdc.gov; dlb1@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 153-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901201 ER PT J AU Whitehead, RD Montesano, MA Jayatilaka, NK Kuklenyik, P Davis, MD Needham, LL Barr, DB AF Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr. Montesano, Maria Angela Jayatilaka, Nayana K. Kuklenyik, Peter Davis, Mark D. Needham, L. L. Barr, Dana B. TI ANYL 154-Measurement of ethyl methanesulfonate in human plasma and breast milk samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Whitehead, Ralph D., Jr.; Montesano, Maria Angela; Jayatilaka, Nayana K.; Kuklenyik, Peter; Davis, Mark D.; Barr, Dana B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEH ATSDR, Div Sci Lab, Organ Analyt Toxicants Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Needham, L. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RNW2@cdc.gov; AHM2@cdc.gov; GOH3@cdc.gov; MSD7@cdc.gov; lln1@cdc.gov; dbarr@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 16 PY 2009 VL 238 MA 154-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V16HY UT WOS:000207861901052 ER PT J AU Smith, CM Hill, VR AF Smith, Carmela M. Hill, Vincent R. TI Dead-End Hollow-Fiber Ultrafiltration for Recovery of Diverse Microbes from Water SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; RECREATIONAL WATER; SAMPLES; DISEASE; GASTROENTERITIS; SURVEILLANCE; OOCYSTS AB Dead-end ultrafiltration (DEUF) is an alternative approach to tangential-flow hollow-fiber ultrafiltration that can be readily employed under field conditions to recover microbes from water. The hydraulics of DEUF and microbe recovery for a new DEUF method were investigated using 100-liter tap water samples. Pressure, flow rate, and temperature were investigated using four hollow-fiber ultrafilter types. Based on hydraulic performance, the Asahi Kasei REXEED 25S ultrafilter was selected for microbe recovery experiments. Microbe recovery experiments were performed using MS2 bacteriophage, Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium perfringens spores, and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Microbes were recovered from ultrafilters by backflushing using a surfactant solution. Average flow rates were 2.1 liters/min for 100-liter water samples having turbidities of 0.28 to 4.3 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU), and no evidence of appreciable filter clogging was observed. The DEUF average recovery efficiencies for each study analyte in tap water were as follows: for E. faecalis, 93% +/- 16%; for MS2, 57% +/- 7.7%; for C. perfringens spores, 94% +/- 22%; and for C. parvum, 87% +/- 18%. Average microbe recoveries for tap water amended with surface water (average turbidity = 4.3 NTU) were as follows: for E. faecalis, 78% +/- 12%; for MS2, 73% +/- 13%; for C. perfringens, 57% +/- 21%; and for C. parvum, 83% +/- 21%. These data demonstrate that DEUF is an effective method for recovering diverse microbes from water and should be a useful tool for field-based environmental investigations. C1 [Smith, Carmela M.; Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Smith, Carmela M.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. RP Hill, VR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-36, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vhill@cdc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737 FU Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response FX This publication was supported in part by funds made available through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response. NR 20 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 16 BP 5284 EP 5289 DI 10.1128/AEM.00456-09 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 479LE UT WOS:000268660000013 PM 19561183 ER PT J AU O'Connell, HA Rose, LJ Shams, A Bradley, M Arduino, MJ Rice, EW AF O'Connell, Heather A. Rose, Laura J. Shams, Alicia Bradley, Meranda Arduino, Matthew J. Rice, Eugene W. TI Variability of Burkholderia pseudomallei Strain Sensitivities to Chlorine Disinfection SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; RUGOSE SURVIVAL FORM; POTABLE WATER; DRINKING-WATER; MELIOIDOSIS; INACTIVATION; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE-01; MONOCHLORAMINE; RESISTANCE; BIOFILMS AB Burkholderia pseudomallei is a select agent and the causative agent of melioidosis. Variations in previously reported chlorine and monochloramine concentration time (Ct) values for disinfection of this organism make decisions regarding the appropriate levels of chlorine in water treatment systems difficult. This study identified the variation in Ct values for 2-, 3-, and 4-log(10) reductions of eight environmental and clinical isolates of B. pseudomallei in phosphate-buffered water. The greatest calculated Ct values for a 4-log(10) inactivation were 7.8 mg.min/liter for free available chlorine (FAC) at pH 8 and 5 degrees C and 550 mg.min/liter for monochloramine at pH 8 and 5 C. Ionic strength of test solutions, culture hold times in water, and cell washing were ruled out as sources of the differences in prior observations. Tolerance to FAC was correlated with the relative amount of extracellular material produced by each isolate. Solid-phase cytometry analysis using an esterase-cleaved fluorochrome assay detected a 2-log(10)-higher level of organisms based upon metabolic activity than did culture, which in some cases increased Ct values by fivefold. Despite strain-to-strain variations in Ct values of 17-fold for FAC and 2.5-fold for monochloramine, standard FAC disinfection practices utilized in the United States should disinfect planktonic populations of these B. pseudomallei strains by 4 orders of magnitude in less than 10 min at the tested temperatures and pH levels. C1 [O'Connell, Heather A.; Rose, Laura J.; Shams, Alicia; Bradley, Meranda; Arduino, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rice, Eugene W.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP O'Connell, HA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ftw2@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Engineering FX This research was made possible by an intraagency agreement between the EPA and the CDC. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Engineering through an intraagency agreement between the DOE and the CDC. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 75 IS 16 BP 5405 EP 5409 DI 10.1128/AEM.00062-09 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 479LE UT WOS:000268660000028 PM 19542324 ER PT J AU Morpeth, SC Ramadhani, HO Crump, JA AF Morpeth, Susan C. Ramadhani, Habib O. Crump, John A. TI Invasive Non-Typhi Salmonella Disease in Africa SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MALAWIAN CHILDREN; BACTERIAL-INFECTIONS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; TYPHOID-FEVER; BACTEREMIA; ADULTS; HIV; TYPHIMURIUM; RESISTANCE; RISK AB Invasive non-Typhi Salmonella is endemic to sub-Saharan Africa, where it is a leading cause of bloodstream infection. Some host risk factors have been established, but little is known about environmental reservoirs and predominant modes of transmission, so prevention strategies are underdeveloped. Although foodborne transmission from animals to humans predominates in high-income countries, it has been postulated that transmission between humans, both within and outside health care facilities, may be important in sub-Saharan Africa. Antimicrobial resistance to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol is common among non-Typhi Salmonella strains; therefore, wider use of alternative agents may be warranted for empirical therapy. Development of vaccines targeting the leading invasive non-Typhi Salmonella serotypes Typhimurium and Enteritidis is warranted. The clinical presentation of non-Typhi Salmonella bacteremia is nonspecific and, in the absence of blood culture, may be confused with other febrile illnesses, such as malaria. Much work remains to be done to understand and control invasive non-Typhi Salmonella disease in sub-Saharan Africa. C1 [Morpeth, Susan C.; Crump, John A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Crump, John A.] Duke Univ, Duke Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Crump, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Morpeth, Susan C.; Ramadhani, Habib O.; Crump, John A.] Tumaini Univ, Kilimanjaro Christian Med Ctr, Moshi, Tanzania. [Ramadhani, Habib O.; Crump, John A.] Tumaini Univ, Kilimanjaro Christian Med Coll, Moshi, Tanzania. [Morpeth, Susan C.] Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Pathol Queensland Cent Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Crump, JA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Dept Med, Box 102359, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM crump017@mc.duke.edu FU AIDS International Training and Research Program, Fogarty International Center [D43 PA-03-018]; International Studies of AIDS-associated Co-infections [AI062563]; Duke University Center for AIDS Research [AI64518]; Duke Clinical Trials Unit and Clinical Research Sites [AI069484-01]; Hubert-Yeargan Center for Global Health; Duke Clinical Research Institute Synderman Award, Duke University Medical Center FX US National Institutes of Health awards: AIDS International Training and Research Program, Fogarty International Center (D43 PA-03-018 to H. O. R. and J. A. C.), International Studies of AIDS-associated Co-infections (AI062563 to H. O. R. and J. A. C.), the Duke University Center for AIDS Research (AI64518 to H. O. R. and J. A. C.), and the Duke Clinical Trials Unit and Clinical Research Sites (AI069484-01 to J. A. C.); the Hubert-Yeargan Center for Global Health and a Duke Clinical Research Institute Synderman Award, Duke University Medical Center (to S. C. M.). NR 51 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 16 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 4 BP 606 EP 611 DI 10.1086/603553 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 472UI UT WOS:000268157300018 PM 19591599 ER PT J AU Kittikraisak, W van Griensven, F Martin, M McNicholl, J Gilbert, PB Chuachoowong, R Vanichseni, S Sutthent, R Tappero, JW Mastro, TD Hu, DJ Gurwith, M Kitayaporn, D Sangkum, U Choopanya, K AF Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya van Griensven, Frits Martin, Michael McNicholl, Janet Gilbert, Peter B. Chuachoowong, Rutt Vanichseni, Suphak Sutthent, Ruengpung Tappero, Jordan W. Mastro, Timothy D. Hu, Dale J. Gurwith, Marc Kitayaporn, Dwip Sangkum, Udomsak Choopanya, Kachit TI Blood and Seminal Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels Among HIV-1-Infected Injecting Drug Users Participating in the AIDSVAX B/E Efficacy Trial in Bangkok, Thailand SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy/46th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT 25, 2008 CL Washington, DC SP Infect Dis Soc Amer DE HIV-1 RNA viral load; HIV-1 vaccine; injecting drug users ID RECOMBINANT GLYCOPROTEIN-120 VACCINE; VIRAL LOAD; DISEASE PROGRESSION; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; LONGITUDINAL DATA; DOUBLE-BLIND; TYPE-1; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; REPLICATION AB Background: We investigated effects of vaccination with AIDSVAX B/E HIV-1 candidate vaccine on blood and seminal plasma HIV-1 RNA viral loads (BVL and SVL, respectively) in vaccine recipients (VRs) and placebo recipients (PRs) who acquired infection. Methods: Linear mixed models were fitted for repeated measurements of BVL. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess the difference ill SVL detectability between VRs and PRs. Results: A total of 196 participants became HIV-1 infected during the trial. Thirty-two (16%) became infected with HIV-1 subtype B and 164 (84%) with HIV-1 Subtype CRF01_AE. Per protocol-specified analysis, there were no differences in BVL levels between VRs and PRs. When stratified by HIV-1-infecting subtype, vaccination with AIDSVAX B/E was initially associated with higher BVL among HIV-1 CRF01_AE-infected VRs compared with HIV-1 CRF01_AE-infected PRs; however, this difference did not persist over time. HIV-1 subtype B-infected VRs had slightly higher BVL levels and were more likely to have detectable SVL during the followup period than HIV-1 subtype B-infected PRs. Conclusions: Subtle differences in BVL and SVL were detected between VRs and PRs. These results may help to further understand the dynamics between HIV-1 vaccination, HIV-1-infecting Subtypes, and subsequent viral expression in different body compartments. C1 [Kittikraisak, Wanitchaya; van Griensven, Frits; Martin, Michael; McNicholl, Janet; Chuachoowong, Rutt] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [van Griensven, Frits; Martin, Michael; McNicholl, Janet; Tappero, Jordan W.; Mastro, Timothy D.; Hu, Dale J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gilbert, Peter B.] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gilbert, Peter B.] Univ Washington, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Chuachoowong, Rutt; Sutthent, Ruengpung] Mahidol Univ, Siriraj Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Vanichseni, Suphak; Choopanya, Kachit] Bangkok Vaccine Evaluat Grp, Bangkok, Thailand. [Gurwith, Marc] VaxGen Inc, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kitayaporn, Dwip] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Vaccine Trial Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. [Sangkum, Udomsak] Bangkok Metropolitan Adm, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Kittikraisak, W (reprint author), POB 139, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM wanitchayak@th.cdc.gov RI van Griensven, Frits/G-4719-2013 OI van Griensven, Frits/0000-0002-0971-2843 FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW000003, D43-TW00003, D43 TW000003-20] NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 51 IS 5 BP 601 EP 608 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 475GM UT WOS:000268346600014 PM 19430307 ER PT J AU Jackson, S Van Hoeven, N Chen, LM Maines, TR Cox, NJ Katz, JM Donis, RO AF Jackson, Sara Van Hoeven, Neal Chen, Li-Mei Maines, Taronna R. Cox, Nancy J. Katz, Jacqueline M. Donis, Ruben O. TI Reassortment between Avian H5N1 and Human H3N2 Influenza Viruses in Ferrets: a Public Health Risk Assessment SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; A VIRUSES; RECEPTOR SPECIFICITY; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; MOLECULAR-BASIS; MATRIX PROTEIN; HIGH VIRULENCE; HUMAN AIRWAY; HONG-KONG; TRANSMISSION AB This study investigated whether transmissible H5 subtype human-avian reassortant viruses could be generated in vivo. To this end, ferrets were coinfected with recent avian H5N1 (A/Thailand/16/04) and human H3N2 (A/Wyoming/3/03) viruses. Genotype analyses of plaque-purified viruses from nasal secretions of coinfected ferrets revealed that approximately 9% of recovered viruses contained genes from both progenitor viruses. H5 and H3 subtype viruses, including reassortants, were found in airways extending toward and in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets. However, only parental H5N1 genotype viruses were found in lung tissue. Approximately 34% of the recovered reassortant viruses possessed the H5 hemagglutinin (HA) gene, with five unique H5 subtypes recovered. These H5 reassortants were selected for further studies to examine their growth and transmissibility characteristics. Five H5 viruses with representative reassortant genotypes showed reduced titers in nasal secretions of infected ferrets compared to the parental H5N1 virus. No transmission by direct contact between infected and naive ferrets was observed. These studies indicate that reassortment between H5N1 avian influenza and H3N2 human viruses occurred readily in vivo and furthermore that reassortment between these two viral subtypes is likely to occur in ferret upper airways. Given the relatively high incidence of reassortant viruses from tissues of the ferret upper airway, it is reasonable to conclude that continued exposure of humans and animals to H5N1 alongside seasonal influenza viruses increases the risk of generating H5 subtype reassortant viruses that may be shed from upper airway secretions. C1 [Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, CCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, CCID, Mail Stop G-16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvd6@cdc.gov FU National Vaccine Program Office, Department of Health and Human Services [04FED09438-06]; Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN FX This research was supported in part by the National Vaccine Program Office, Department of Health and Human Services, agreement 04FED09438-06. Sara Jackson and Neal Van Hoeven received financial support for this work from the Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN. NR 54 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG 15 PY 2009 VL 83 IS 16 BP 8131 EP 8140 DI 10.1128/JVI.00534-09 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 473LR UT WOS:000268208700031 PM 19493997 ER PT J AU Song, HC Wan, HQ Araya, Y Perez, DR AF Song, Haichen Wan, Hongquan Araya, Yonas Perez, Daniel R. TI Partial direct contact transmission in ferrets of a mallard H7N3 influenza virus with typical avian-like receptor specificity SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AIRWAY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; A VIRUS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; JAPANESE-QUAIL; HUMAN-BEINGS; HOST-RANGE; REPLICATION; ADAPTATION; CHICKENS; H5N1 AB Background: Avian influenza viruses of the H7 subtype have caused multiple outbreaks in domestic poultry and represent a significant threat to public health due to their propensity to occasionally transmit directly from birds to humans. In order to better understand the cross species transmission potential of H7 viruses in nature, we performed biological and molecular characterizations of an H7N3 virus isolated from mallards in Canada in 2001. Results: Sequence analysis that the HA gene of the mallard H7N3 virus shares 97% identity with the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N3 virus isolated from a human case in British Columbia, Canada in 2004. The mallard H7N3 virus was able to replicate in quail and chickens, and transmitted efficiently in quail but not in chickens. Interestingly, although this virus showed preferential binding to analogs of avian-like receptors with sialic acid (SA) linked to galactose in an alpha 2-3 linkage (SA alpha 2-3Gal), it replicated to high titers in cultures of primary human airway epithelial (HAE) cells, comparable to an avian H9N2 influenza virus with human-like alpha 2-6 linkage receptors (SA alpha 2-6Gal). In addition, the virus replicated in mice and ferrets without prior adaptation and was able to transmit partially among ferrets. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance and need for systematic in vitro and in vivo analysis of avian influenza viruses isolated from the natural reservoir in order to define their zoonotic potential. C1 [Song, Haichen; Wan, Hongquan; Araya, Yonas; Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Song, Haichen; Wan, Hongquan; Araya, Yonas; Perez, Daniel R.] Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Song, Haichen] Synbiotics Corp, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wan, Hongquan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Perez, DR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, 8075 Greenmead Dr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dperez1@umd.edu OI Perez, Daniel/0000-0002-6569-5689 FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM62116]; CDC-HHS [1U01CI000355]; NIAID-NIH [R01AI052155, HHSN266200700010C]; CSREES-USDA [2005-05523] FX We are indebted to Erin Sorrell and Ivan Gomez-Osorio for their excellent animal handling assistance and Andrea Ferrero for laboratory management. We thank Robert Webster for providing virus strains used in this study. We thank Drs. James Stevens and Ruben Donis with the glycan array work and for carefully editing the manuscript. Glycan microarray data presented here will be made available online through the Consortium for Functional Glycomics website http://www.functionalglycomics.org. The glycan microarray was produced for the Centers for Disease Control by using a glycan library generously provided by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics funded by National Institute of General Medical Sciences Grant GM62116. This research was possible through funding by the CDC-HHS grant (1U01CI000355), NIAID-NIH grant, (R01AI052155), CSREES-USDA grant (2005-05523), and NIAID-NIH contract, (HHSN266200700010C). The opinions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the granting agencies. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD AUG 14 PY 2009 VL 6 AR 126 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-6-126 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 499GG UT WOS:000270205400001 PM 19682381 ER PT J AU Faix, DJ Sherman, SS Waterman, SH AF Faix, Dennis J. Sherman, Sterling S. Waterman, Steven H. TI Rapid-Test Sensitivity for Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Humans SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Faix, Dennis J.] USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Sherman, Sterling S.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. [Waterman, Steven H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Diego, CA USA. RP Faix, DJ (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. EM dennis.faix@med.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 4 TC 186 Z9 191 U1 0 U2 8 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 13 PY 2009 VL 361 IS 7 BP 728 EP 729 DI 10.1056/NEJMc0904264 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 482JX UT WOS:000268884100030 PM 19564634 ER PT J AU Lucero, CA Hageman, J Zell, ER Bulens, S Nadle, J Petit, S Gershman, K Ray, S Harrison, LH Lynfield, R Dumyati, G Townes, JM Schaffner, W Fridkin, SK AF Lucero, Cynthia A. Hageman, Jeffrey Zell, Elizabeth R. Bulens, Sandra Nadle, Joelle Petit, Susan Gershman, Ken Ray, Susan Harrison, Lee H. Lynfield, Ruth Dumyati, Ghinwa Townes, John M. Schaffner, William Fridkin, Scott K. CA ABCs MRSA Investigators TI Evaluating the potential public health impact of a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine through use of population-based surveillance for invasive methicillin-resistant S. aureus disease in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcal vaccines; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Potential benefits ID CARE SAFETY NETWORK; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION; CONJUGATE VACCINE; AGED 65; INFLUENZA; INFECTIONS; COVERAGE; PREVENTION AB We evaluated the potential effects of a hypothetical vaccine in preventing invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) disease in the United States. Using an active, population-based surveillance program, we estimated baseline disease rates in the United States and compared three distinct vaccination strategies which targeted adults >= 65 years of age, persons at risk for recurrent invasive infection, and patients at hospital discharge. The strategies were projected to reduce the burden of invasive MRSA disease by 12.1%,13.9% and 17.6%, respectively; with the strategy of vaccinating both adults >= 65 years of age and all adults at hospital discharge having the greatest impact per dose. Our data suggest that availability of an effective S. aureus vaccine could result in substantial reductions in invasive MRSA disease incidence. As candidate vaccines are evaluated, these data will be important in determining the optimal vaccination strategy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lucero, Cynthia A.; Hageman, Jeffrey; Bulens, Sandra; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lucero, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zell, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bulens, Sandra] AREF, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Nadle, Joelle] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Hlth, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. [Gershman, Ken] DCEED DSI A3, Colorado Emerging Infect Program, Denver, CO 80246 USA. [Ray, Susan] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Maryland Emerging Infect Program, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55164 USA. [Dumyati, Ghinwa] Univ Rochester, Rochester Gen Hosp, Rochester, NY 14621 USA. [Townes, John M.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. [Schaffner, William] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. RP Fridkin, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, MS A-35,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SFridkin@CDC.gov OI Shutt, Kathleen/0000-0003-3376-6152 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 13 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 37 BP 5061 EP 5068 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.06.055 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 485ED UT WOS:000269102800007 PM 19576943 ER PT J AU McElroy, AK Albarino, CG Nichol, ST AF McElroy, Anita K. Albarino, Cesar G. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Development of a RVFV ELISA that can distinguish infected from vaccinated animals SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; VIRUS-VACCINE; IGM ANTIBODIES; NSS PROTEIN; N-PROTEIN; IMMUNOGENICITY; HUMANS; CATTLE; SHEEP; EXPRESSION AB Background: Rift Valley Fever Virus is a pathogen of humans and livestock that causes significant morbidity and mortality throughout Africa and the Middle East. A vaccine that would protect animals from disease would be very beneficial to the human population because prevention of the amplification cycle in livestock would greatly reduce the risk of human infection by preventing livestock epizootics. A mutant virus, constructed through the use of reverse genetics, is protective in laboratory animal models and thus shows promise as a potential vaccine. However, the ability to distinguish infected from vaccinated animals is important for vaccine acceptance by national and international authorities, given regulations restricting movement and export of infected animals. Results: In this study, we describe the development of a simple assay that can be used to distinguish naturally infected animals from ones that have been vaccinated with a mutant virus. We describe the cloning, expression and purification of two viral proteins, and the development of side by side ELISAs using the two viral proteins. Conclusion: A side by side ELISA can be used to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals. This assay can be done without the use of biocontainment facilities and has potential for use in both human and animal populations. C1 [McElroy, Anita K.; Albarino, Cesar G.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McElroy, Anita K.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gsz5@cdc.gov; bwu4@cdc.gov; stn1@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD AUG 13 PY 2009 VL 6 AR 125 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-6-125 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 488DN UT WOS:000269329400001 PM 19678951 ER PT J AU Ahmed, K Scholle, S Baasiri, H Hoover, KW Kent, CK Romaguera, R Tao, G AF Ahmed, K. Scholle, S. Baasiri, H. Hoover, K. W. Kent, C. K. Romaguera, R. Tao, G. TI Chlamydia Screening Among Sexually Active Young Female Enrollees of Health Plans-United States, 2000-2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 362-365, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID WOMEN; PREVALENCE; ADULTS C1 [Ahmed, K.; Scholle, S.; Baasiri, H.] Natl Comm Qual Assurance, Washington, DC USA. [Hoover, K. W.; Kent, C. K.; Romaguera, R.; Tao, G.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ahmed, K (reprint author), Natl Comm Qual Assurance, Washington, DC USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 12 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 6 BP 620 EP 621 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 481ZI UT WOS:000268852300010 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Bergmann, MM Kroger, J Schienkiewitz, A Weikert, C Boeing, H AF Ford, Earl S. Bergmann, Manuela M. Kroeger, Janine Schienkiewitz, Anja Weikert, Cornelia Boeing, Heiner TI Healthy Living Is the Best Revenge Findings From the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam Study SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; LIFE-STYLE FACTORS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; WOMEN; POPULATIONS; PROJECT; STROKE; DIET; MEN; QUESTIONNAIRE AB Background: Our objective was to describe the reduction in relative risk of developing major chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer associated with 4 healthy lifestyle factors among German adults. Methods: We used data from 23 153 German participants aged 35 to 65 years from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam study. End points included confirmed incident type 2 diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, stroke, and cancer. The 4 factors were never smoking, having a body mass index lower than 30 (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared), performing 3.5 h/wk or more of physical activity, and adhering to healthy dietary principles (high intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain bread and low meat consumption). The 4 factors (healthy, 1. point; unhealthy, 0 points) were summed to form an index that ranged from 0 to 4. Results: During a mean follow-up of 7.8 years, 2006 participants developed new-onset diabetes (3.7%), myocardial infarction (0.9%), stroke (0.8%), or cancer (3.8%). Fewer than 4% of participants had zero healthy factors, most had 1. to 3 healthy factors, and approximately 9% had 4 factors. After adjusting for age, sex, educational status, and occupational status, the hazard ratio for developing a chronic disease decreased progressively as the number of healthy factors increased. Participants with all 4 factors at baseline had a 78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72% to 83%) lower risk of developing a chronic disease (diabetes, 93% [95% CI, 88% to 95%]; myocardial infarction, 81% [95% CI, 47% to 93%]; stroke, 50% [95% CI, -18% to 79%]; and cancer, 36% [95% CI, 5% to 57%]) than participants without a healthy factor. Conclusion: Adhering to 4 simple healthy lifestyle factors can have a strong impact on the prevention of chronic diseases. C1 [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bergmann, Manuela M.; Kroeger, Janine; Schienkiewitz, Anja; Weikert, Cornelia; Boeing, Heiner] Deutsch Inst Ernahrungsforsch, German Inst Human Nutr, Dept Epidemiol, Potsdam, Germany. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mail Stop K-66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov FU Federal Ministry of Science, Germany [01 EA 9401]; European Union [SOC 95201408 05F02]; German Cancer Aid [70-2488-Ha I]; European Community [SOC 98200769 05F02]; German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) [KFO 114] FX Funding/Support: The recruitment phase of the EPIC-Potsdam study was supported by the Federal Ministry of Science, Germany (contract 01 EA 9401) and the European Union (grant SOC 95201408 05F02). The follow-up of the EPIC-Potsdam study was supported by the German Cancer Aid (grant 70-2488-Ha I) and the European Community (grant SOC 98200769 05F02). The study was also supported by a grant from the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, KFO 114). NR 27 TC 157 Z9 161 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0003-9926 EI 1538-3679 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 169 IS 15 BP 1355 EP 1362 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 481HJ UT WOS:000268798100003 PM 19667296 ER PT J AU Jones, DS Tshimanga, M Woelk, G Nsubuga, P Sunderland, NL Hader, SL St Louis, ME AF Jones, Donna S. Tshimanga, Mufuta Woelk, Godfrey Nsubuga, Peter Sunderland, Nadine L. Hader, Shannon L. St Louis, Michael E. TI Increasing leadership capacity for HIV/AIDS programmes by strengthening public health epidemiology and management training in Zimbabwe SO HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH LA English DT Article ID MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS; FIELD EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMAN-RESOURCES; GLOBAL HEALTH; CRISIS; EDUCATION AB Background: Increased funding for global human immunodeficiency virus prevention and control in developing countries has created both a challenge and an opportunity for achieving long-term global health goals. This paper describes a programme in Zimbabwe aimed at responding more effectively to the HIV/AIDS epidemic by reinforcing a critical competence-based training institution and producing public health leaders. Methods: The programme used new HIV/AIDS programme-specific funds to build on the assets of a local education institution to strengthen and expand the general public health leadership capacity in Zimbabwe, simultaneously ensuring that they were trained in HIV interventions. Results: The programme increased both numbers of graduates and retention of faculty. The expanded HIV/AIDS curriculum was associated with a substantial increase in trainee projects related to HIV. The increased number of public health professionals has led to a number of practically trained persons working in public health leadership positions in the ministry, including in HIV/AIDS programmes. Conclusion: Investment of a modest proportion of new HIV/AIDS resources in targeted public health leadership training programmes can assist in building capacity to lead and manage national HIV and other public health programmes. C1 [Jones, Donna S.; Nsubuga, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Publ Hlth Capac Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tshimanga, Mufuta] Univ Zimbabwe, Fac Med, Dept Community Med, MPH Programme, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Woelk, Godfrey] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Sunderland, Nadine L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hader, Shannon L.] DC Dept Hlth, HIV AIDS Adm, Washington, DC USA. [St Louis, Michael E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jones, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Publ Hlth Capac Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM doj3@cdc.gov; tshimang@ecoweb.co.zw; gwoelk@rti.org; pcn0@cdc.gov; nis9@cdc.gov; Shannon.hader@dc.gov; mes2@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 10 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-4491 J9 HUM RESOUR HEALTH JI Hum. Resour. Health PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 7 AR 69 DI 10.1186/1478-4491-7-69 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services; Industrial Relations & Labor SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Business & Economics GA 494CH UT WOS:000269786500001 PM 19664268 ER PT J AU Gysels, M Pell, C Mathanga, DP Adongo, P Odhiambo, F Gosling, R Akweongo, P Mwangi, R Okello, G Mangesho, P Slutsker, L Kremsner, PG Grobusch, MP Hamel, MJ Newman, RD Pool, R AF Gysels, Marjolein Pell, Christopher Mathanga, Don P. Adongo, Philip Odhiambo, Frank Gosling, Roly Akweongo, Patricia Mwangi, Rose Okello, George Mangesho, Peter Slutsker, Lawrence Kremsner, Peter G. Grobusch, Martin P. Hamel, Mary J. Newman, Robert D. Pool, Robert TI Community response to intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) delivered through the expanded programme of immunization in five African settings SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; ROUTINE VACCINATIONS; SOUTHERN TANZANIA; DOUBLE-BLIND; HEALTH; GHANA; TIME AB Background: IPTi delivered through EPI has been shown to reduce the incidence of clinical malaria by 20-59%. However, new health interventions can only be effective if they are also socially and culturally acceptable. It is also crucial to ensure that attitudes to IPTi do not negatively influence attitudes to and uptake of immunization, or that people do not misunderstand IPTi as immunization against malaria and neglect other preventive measures or delay treatment seeking. Methods: These issues were studied in five African countries in the context of clinical trials and implementation studies of IPTi. Mixed methods were used, including structured questionnaires (1,296), semi-structured interviews (168), in-depth interviews (748) and focus group discussions (95) with mothers, fathers, health workers, community members, opinion leaders, and traditional healers. Participant observation was also carried out in the clinics. Results: IPTi was widely acceptable because it resonated with existing traditional preventive practices and a general concern about infant health and good motherhood. It also fit neatly within already widely accepted routine vaccination. Acceptance and adherence were further facilitated by the hierarchical relationship between health staff and mothers and by the fact that clinic attendance had a social function for women beyond acquiring health care. Type of drug and regimen were important, with newer drugs being seen as more effective, but potentially also more dangerous. Single dose infant formulations delivered in the clinic seem to be the most likely to be both acceptable and adhered to. There was little evidence that IPTi per se had a negative impact on attitudes to EPI or that it had any affect on EPI adherence. There was also little evidence of IPTi having a negative impact on health seeking for infants with febrile illness or existing preventive practices. Conclusion: IPTi is generally acceptable across a wide range of settings in Africa and involving different drugs and regimens, though there is a strong preference for a single dose infant formulation. IPTi does not appear to have any negative effect on attitudes to EPI, and it is not interpreted as immunization against malaria. C1 [Gysels, Marjolein; Pell, Christopher; Pool, Robert] Univ Barcelona, Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain. [Mathanga, Don P.] Coll Med, Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre, Malawi. [Adongo, Philip; Akweongo, Patricia] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. [Odhiambo, Frank; Okello, George; Hamel, Mary J.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Gosling, Roly; Pool, Robert] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Mwangi, Rose] Kilimanjaro Christian Med Ctr, Joint Malaria Program, Moshi, Tanzania. [Mangesho, Peter] Amani Res Ctr, Natl Inst Med Res, Muheza, Tanzania. [Slutsker, Lawrence; Hamel, Mary J.; Newman, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kremsner, Peter G.; Grobusch, Martin P.] Albert Schweitzer Hosp, Med Res Unit, Lambarene, Gabon. [Kremsner, Peter G.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Univ Witwatersrand, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Div Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Infect Dis Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Pathol, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Pool, R (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain. EM marjolein.gysels@cresib.cat; christopher.pell@cresib.cat; dmathanga@yahoo.com; adongophilip@yahoo.com; fodhiambo@ke.cdc.gov; Roly.Gosling@lshtm.ac.uk; akweongo@gmail.com; mwangirose2000@yahoo.co.uk; gokello@nairobi.kemri-wellcome.org; mangeshop@yahoo.com; lms5@cdc.gov; peter.kremsner@uni-tuebingen.de; Martin.Grobusch@wits.ac.za; mhamel@ke.cdc.gov; ren5@cdc.gov; robert.pool@cresib.cat OI Pell, Christopher/0000-0001-9405-5851 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the IPTi Consortium FX The authors would like to thank the mothers, health workers and other community members who gave up their time to participate in these studies. The authors would also like to express their gratitude to Andrea Egan and Brian Greenwood for their useful comments. The project was funded by a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the IPTi Consortium. Views expressed here are not necessarily those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD AUG 10 PY 2009 VL 8 AR 191 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-8-191 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 495EW UT WOS:000269874400001 PM 19664250 ER PT J AU Jamieson, DJ Honein, MA Rasmussen, SA Williams, JL Swerdlow, DL Biggerstaff, MS Lindstrom, S Louie, JK Christ, CM Bohm, SR Fonseca, VP Ritger, KA Kuhles, DJ Eggers, P Bruce, H Davidson, HA Lutterloh, E Harris, ML Burke, C Cocoros, N Finelli, L MacFarlane, KF Shu, B Olsen, SJ AF Jamieson, Denise J. Honein, Margaret A. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Williams, Jennifer L. Swerdlow, David L. Biggerstaff, Matthew S. Lindstrom, Stephen Louie, Janice K. Christ, Cara M. Bohm, Susan R. Fonseca, Vincent P. Ritger, Kathleen A. Kuhles, Danel J. Eggers, Paula Bruce, Hollianne Davidson, Heidi A. Lutterloh, Emily Harris, Meghan L. Burke, Colleen Cocoros, Noelle Finelli, Lyn MacFarlane, Kitty F. Shu, Bo Olsen, Sonja J. CA Novel Influenza A H1N1 Pregnancy W TI H1N1 2009 influenza virus infection during pregnancy in the USA SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID MATERNAL INFLUENZA; ASIAN INFLUENZA; A H1N1; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; H5N1 INFECTION; APRIL-MAY; WOMEN; INFANTS; IMPACT; SAFETY AB Background Pandemic HlN1 2009 influenza virus has been identified as the cause of a widespread outbreak of febrile respiratory infection in the USA and worldwide. We summarised cases of infection with pandemic H1N1 virus in pregnant women identified in the USA during the first month of the present outbreak, and deaths associated with this virus during the first 2 months of the outbreak. Methods After initial reports of infection in pregnant women, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began systematically collecting additional information about cases and deaths in pregnant women in the USA with pandemic H1N1 virus infection as part of enhanced surveillance. A confirmed case was defined as an acute respiratory illness with laboratory-confirmed pandemic H1N1 virus infection by real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR or viral culture; a probable case was defined as a person with an acute febrile respiratory illness who was positive for influenza A, but negative for H1 and H3. We used population estimates derived from the 2007 census data to calculate rates of admission to hospital and illness. Findings From April 15 to May 18, 2009, 34 confirmed or probable cases of pandemic H1N1 in pregnant women were reported to CDC from 13 states. 11 (32%) women were admitted to hospital. The estimated rate of admission for pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection in pregnant women during the first month of the outbreak was higher than it was in the general population (0.32 per 100000 pregnant women, 95% CI 0.13-0.52 vs 0.076 per 100 000 population at risk, 95% CI 0.07-0.09). Between April 15 and June 16, 2009, six deaths in pregnant women were reported to the CDC; all were in women who had developed pneumonia and subsequent acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation. Interpretation Pregnant women might be at increased risk for complications from pandemic H1N1 virus infection. These data lend support to the present recommendation to promptly treat pregnant women with H1N1 influenza virus infection with anti-influenza drugs. Funding US CDC. C1 [Jamieson, Denise J.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Honein, Margaret A.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Williams, Jennifer L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Swerdlow, David L.; Biggerstaff, Matthew S.; Lindstrom, Stephen; Finelli, Lyn; Shu, Bo; Olsen, Sonja J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lutterloh, Emily] CDC, EIS Program, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Louie, Janice K.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Christ, Cara M.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Bohm, Susan R.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Fonseca, Vincent P.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Ritger, Kathleen A.] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Kuhles, Danel J.] Nassau Cty Dept Hlth, Uniondale, NY USA. [Eggers, Paula] Delaware Div Publ Hlth, Dover, DE USA. [Bruce, Hollianne] Snohomish Hlth Dist, Everett, WA USA. [Davidson, Heidi A.] DeKalb Cty Board Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lutterloh, Emily] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. [Harris, Meghan L.] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Burke, Colleen] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Cocoros, Noelle] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. RP Jamieson, DJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP, Mail Stop K-34,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM DJamieson@cdc.gov FU US CDC FX The US CDC provided funding for this study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 664 Z9 724 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD AUG 8 PY 2009 VL 374 IS 9688 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61304-0 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 482OK UT WOS:000268898400026 PM 19643469 ER PT J AU Jackson, LA Yu, O Nelson, J Belongia, EA Hambidge, SJ Baxter, R Naleway, A Nordin, J Baggs, J Iskander, J AF Jackson, Lisa A. Yu, Onchee Nelson, Jennifer Belongia, Edward A. Hambidge, Simon J. Baxter, Roger Naleway, Allison Nordin, James Baggs, James Iskander, John TI Risk of medically attended local reactions following diphtheria toxoid containing vaccines in adolescents and young adults: A Vaccine Safety Datalink study SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine safety; Tetanus vaccine; Pertussis vaccine ID ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS-VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PREVENTING TETANUS; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Three vaccines currently recommended for adolescents (Tdap, Td, and MCV4 meningococcal conjugate vaccine) contain diphtheria toxoid. While the safety of individual diphtheria toxoid containing vaccines has been evaluated, less is known regarding the safety of administration of two or more of these vaccines, either concomitantly or sequentially. This study evaluated the risk of medically attended local reactions in adolescents and young adults with varying patterns of receipt of diphtheria toxoid containing vaccines. In general the risk of medically attended local reactions was low and did not differ with concomitant or sequential administration of diphtheria toxoid containing vaccines. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jackson, Lisa A.; Yu, Onchee; Nelson, Jennifer] Grp Hlth Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Kaiser Permanente Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Denver Hlth Community Hlth Serv, Denver, CO USA. [Nelson, Jennifer] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente NW, Portland, OR USA. [Nordin, James] HealthPartners, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Baggs, James; Iskander, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jackson, LA (reprint author), Grp Hlth Ctr Hlth Studies, 7730 Minor Ave,Ste 1600, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM Jackson.L@ghc.org OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 14 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 6 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 36 BP 4912 EP 4916 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.06.038 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 484UA UT WOS:000269071800007 PM 19567245 ER PT J AU Zhao, Z Smith, PJ Luman, ET AF Zhao, Zhen Smith, Philip J. Luman, Elizabeth T. TI Trends in early childhood vaccination coverage: Progress towards US Healthy People 2010 goals SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Healthy People 2010; Childhood immunization; Vaccination; Trends; Prediction ID NATIONAL-IMMUNIZATION-SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; DISPARITIES; TIMELINESS; SHORTAGES; CHILDREN; DTAP AB Objectives: To evaluate trends in national vaccination coverage from 2000 to 2007 among children aged 19-35 months for at least four doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (4 + DTaP), three doses of poliovirus vaccine (3 + Polio), one dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (1 + MMR), three doses of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (3 + Hib), three doses of hepatitis B vaccine (3 + HepB), one dose of Varicella vaccine (1 + Var), and the standard vaccine series of these six vaccines (4:3:1:1:3:3:1). To predict vaccination coverage levels in 2008-2010 for those vaccines that have not yet reached the Healthy People 2010 coverage targets of 90% for individual vaccines and 80% for the vaccine series. Methods: Data were analyzed for 167,086 children aged 19-35 months in the 2000-2007 National Immunization Survey. Vaccination coverage trends were analyzed with weighted least squares linear regression models. Nonlinear Weibull and logarithmic regression models were fitted to these past results, and extrapolation was used to predict vaccination coverage levels for 4 + DTaP, 1 + Var, and the 4:3:1:3:3:1 series from 2008 to 2010. Results: From 2000 to 2007, observed vaccination coverage increased significantly for four of the six vaccines and the standard vaccine series, and reached the 90% target for 3 + Polio, 1 + MMR, 3 + Hib, and 3 + HepB. Increases in coverage were not significant for 1 + MMR and 3 + Hib; however, coverage for these vaccines was consistently> 90% throughout the study period. Both Weibull and logarithmic regression models predicted that coverage with 1 +Var and the 4:1:1:3:3:1 series will surpass the 2010 target by 2008, while coverage with 4 + DTaP will fall short of the target at 86% in 2010. Conclusions: The United States is well on the way toward reaching most of the Healthy People 2010 objectives for early childhood vaccination coverage. Enhanced efforts are needed to ensure that these trends continue, and to increase coverage with 4 + DTaP. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhao, Zhen; Smith, Philip J.; Luman, Elizabeth T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhao, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Med, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zaz0@cdc.gov FU National Immunization Survey; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Department of Health and Human Services FX Funding/support: This research and the National Immunization Survey were conducted through funding and approval by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 6 PY 2009 VL 27 IS 36 BP 5008 EP 5012 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.05.074 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 484UA UT WOS:000269071800020 PM 19524616 ER PT J AU Bilukha, O Talley, L Howard, C AF Bilukha, O. Talley, L. Howard, C. TI Impact of New WHO Growth Standards on the Prevalence of Acute Malnutrition and Operations of Feeding Programs-Darfur, Sudan, 2005-2007 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 58, pg 591-594, 2009) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Howard, C.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 5 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 5 BP 484 EP 485 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 479DS UT WOS:000268640500005 ER PT J AU Brackbill, RM Hadler, JL DiGrande, L Ekenga, CC Farfel, MR Friedman, S Perlman, SE Stellman, SD Walker, DJ Wu, D Yu, SC Thorpe, LE AF Brackbill, Robert M. Hadler, James L. DiGrande, Laura Ekenga, Christine C. Farfel, Mark R. Friedman, Stephen Perlman, Sharon E. Stellman, Steven D. Walker, Deborah J. Wu, David Yu, Shengchao Thorpe, Lorna E. TI Asthma and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms 5 to 6 Years Following Exposure to the World Trade Center Terrorist Attack SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-CITY; CENTER HEALTH REGISTRY; DISASTER VICTIMS SPEAK; 11 SEPTEMBER 2001; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; RECOVERY WORKERS; PTSD CHECKLIST; RISK-FACTORS; CENTER SITE AB Context The World Trade Center Health Registry provides a unique opportunity to examine long-term health effects of a large-scale disaster. Objective To examine risk factors for new asthma diagnoses and event-related post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms among exposed adults 5 to 6 years following exposure to the September 11, 2001, World Trade Center (WTC) terrorist attack. Design, Setting, and Participants Longitudinal cohort study with wave 1 (W1) enrollment of 71 437 adults in 2003-2004, including rescue/recovery worker, lower Manhattan resident, lower Manhattan office worker, and passersby eligibility groups; 46 322 adults (68%) completed the wave 2 (W2) survey in 2006-2007. Main Outcome Measures Self-reported diagnosed asthma following September 11; event-related current PTS symptoms indicative of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), assessed using the PTSD Checklist (cutoff score >= 44). Results Of W2 participants with no stated asthma history, 10.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.9%-10.5%) reported new asthma diagnoses postevent. Intense dust cloud exposure on September 11 was a major contributor to new asthma diagnoses for all eligibility groups: for example, 19.1% vs 9.6% in those without exposure among rescue/recovery workers (adjusted odds ratio, 1.5 [ 95% CI, 1.4-1.7]). Asthma risk was highest among rescue/recovery workers on the WTC pile on September 11 (20.5% [ 95% CI, 19.0%-22.0%]). Persistent risks included working longer at the WTC site, not evacuating homes, and experiencing a heavy layer of dust in home or office. Of participants with no PTSD history, 23.8% ( 95% CI, 23.4%-24.2%) reported PTS symptoms at either W1(14.3%) or W2 (19.1%). Nearly 10% ( 9.6% [ 95% CI, 9.3%-9.8%]) had PTS symptoms at both surveys, 4.7% ( 95% CI, 4.5%-4.9%) had PTS symptoms at W1 only, and 9.5% ( 95% CI, 9.3%-9.8%) had PTS symptoms at W2 only. At W2, passersby had the highest rate of PTS symptoms (23.2% [ 95% CI, 21.4%-25.0%]). Event-related loss of spouse or job was associated with PTS symptoms at W2. Conclusion Acute and prolonged exposures were both associated with a large burden of asthma and PTS symptoms 5 to 6 years after the September 11 WTC attack. JAMA. 2009;302(5):502-516 www.jama.com C1 [Hadler, James L.; DiGrande, Laura; Ekenga, Christine C.; Farfel, Mark R.; Friedman, Stephen; Perlman, Sharon E.; Stellman, Steven D.; Walker, Deborah J.; Wu, David; Yu, Shengchao; Thorpe, Lorna E.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY 10013 USA. [Brackbill, Robert M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stellman, Steven D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Thorpe, LE (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 125 Worth St,Room 315, New York, NY 10013 USA. EM lthorpe@health.nyc.gov FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U50/ATU272750]; National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH); New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYCDOHMH) FX This study was supported by Cooperative Agreement U50/ATU272750 from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which included support from the National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH), and by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYCDOHMH). NR 52 TC 143 Z9 143 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 5 PY 2009 VL 302 IS 5 BP 502 EP 516 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 479DS UT WOS:000268640500015 PM 19654385 ER PT J AU Ghanem, MM Battelli, LA Law, BF Castranova, V Kashon, ML Nath, J Hubbs, AF AF Ghanem, Mohamed M. Battelli, Lori A. Law, Brandon F. Castranova, Vincent Kashon, Michael L. Nath, Joginder Hubbs, Ann F. TI Coal dust alters beta-naphthoflavone-induced aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocation in alveolar type II cells SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN LUNG-CANCER; AH RECEPTOR; CYTOCHROME P4501A1; RAT LUNG; CRYSTALLINE SILICA; DIOXIN RECEPTOR; NITRIC-OXIDE; IN-VIVO; INDUCTION; EXPRESSION AB Background: Many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can cause DNA adducts and initiate carcinogenesis. Mixed exposures to coal dust (CD) and PAHs are common in occupational settings. In the CD and PAH-exposed lung, CD increases apoptosis and causes alveolar type II (AT-II) cell hyperplasia but reduces CYP1A1 induction. Inflammation, but not apoptosis, appears etiologically associated with reduced CYP1A1 induction in this mixed exposure model. Many AT-II cells in the CD-exposed lungs have no detectable CYP1A1 induction after PAH exposure. Although AT-II cells are a small subfraction of lung cells, they are believed to be a potential progenitor cell for some lung cancers. Because CYP1A1 is induced via ligand-mediated nuclear translocation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), we investigated the effect of CD on PAH-induced nuclear translocation of AhR in AT-II cells isolated from in vivo-exposed rats. Rats received CD or vehicle (saline) by intratracheal (IT) instillation. Three days before sacrifice, half of the rats in each group started daily intraperitoneal injections of the PAH, beta-naphthoflavone (BNF). Results: Fourteen days after IT CD exposure and 1 day after the last intraperitoneal BNF injection, AhR immunofluorescence indicated that proportional AhR nuclear expression and the percentage of cells with nuclear AhR were significantly increased in rats receiving IT saline and BNF injections compared to vehicle controls. However, in CD-exposed rats, BNF did not significantly alter the nuclear localization or cytosolic expression of AhR compared to rats receiving CD and oil. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that during particle and PAH mixed exposures, CD alters the BNF-induced nuclear translocation of AhR in AT-II cells. This provides an explanation for the modification of CYP1A1 induction in these cells. Thus, this study suggests that mechanisms for reduced PAH-induced CYP1A1 activity in the CD exposed lung include not only the effects of inflammation on the lung as a whole, but also reduced PAH-associated nuclear translocation of AhR in an expanded population of AT-II cells. C1 [Ghanem, Mohamed M.; Battelli, Lori A.; Nath, Joginder; Hubbs, Ann F.] W Virginia Univ, Genet & Dev Biol Program, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Ghanem, Mohamed M.; Battelli, Lori A.; Law, Brandon F.; Castranova, Vincent; Kashon, Michael L.; Hubbs, Ann F.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Ghanem, Mohamed M.] Benha Univ, Fac Vet Med Moshtohor, Dept Anim Med, Banha 13736, Egypt. RP Hubbs, AF (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Genet & Dev Biol Program, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM dr.mohamedghanem@yahoo.com; LBattelli@cdc.gov; BLaw@cdc.gov; VCastranova@cdc.gov; MKashon@cdc.gov; jnath@wvu.edu; AHubbs@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [39277263]; Advanced Research foundation; Egyptian Government (Benha University) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Diane Schwegler-Berry and Dr. Robert Mercer in the preparation and interpretation of ATII cell electron microscopy. Appreciation is extended to Dr. Rania Kanj for assistance in AT-II cell isolation and Dr. Paul Siegel for expert assistance in analysis of PAHs in coal dust. This research was supported by an intramural project (39277263) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and was a part of graduate research conducted by MMG. Data analysis and interpretation were supported in part by a postgraduate research stipend from the Advanced Research foundation and the Egyptian Government (Benha University). NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD AUG 3 PY 2009 VL 6 AR 21 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-6-21 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 497OI UT WOS:000270068900001 PM 19650907 ER PT J AU Hess, JJ Heilpern, KL Davis, TE Frumkin, H AF Hess, Jeremy J. Heilpern, Katherine L. Davis, Timothy E. Frumkin, Howard TI Climate Change and Emergency Medicine: Impacts and Opportunities SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE emergency medicine; emergency services; hospital; emergency medical services; disaster planning; climate; weather; greenhouse effect; health policy ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; VECTOR IXODES-SCAPULARIS; US NATIONAL ASSESSMENT; TEXAS-MEXICO BORDER; 1995 HEAT-WAVE; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN HEALTH; PUBLIC-HEALTH; HURRICANE-KATRINA; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS AB There is scientific consensus that the climate is changing, that human activity plays a major role, and that the changes will continue through this century. Expert consensus holds that significant health effects are very likely. Public health and health care systems must understand these impacts to properly pursue preparedness and prevention activities. All of medicine will very likely be affected, and certain medical specialties are likely to be more significantly burdened based on their clinical activity, ease of public access, public health roles, and energy use profiles. These specialties have been called on to consider the likely impacts on their patients and practice and to prepare their practitioners. Emergency medicine (EM), with its focus on urgent and emergent ambulatory care, role as a safety-net provider, urban concentration, and broad-based clinical mission, will very likely experience a significant rise in demand for its services over and above current annual increases. Clinically, EM will see amplification of weather-related disease patterns and shifts in disease distribution. In EM's prehospital care and disaster response activities, both emergency medical services (EMS) activity and disaster medical assistance team (DMAT) deployment activities will likely increase. EM's public health roles, including disaster preparedness, emergency department (ED)-based surveillance, and safety-net care, are likely to face increasing demands, along with pressures to improve fuel efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Finally, EM's roles in ED and hospital management, particularly related to building and purchasing, are likely to be impacted by efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance energy efficiency. Climate change thus presents multiple clinical and public health challenges to EM, but also creates numerous opportunities for research, education, and leadership on an emerging health issue of global scope. ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2009; 16: 782-794 (C) 2009 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine C1 [Hess, Jeremy J.; Heilpern, Katherine L.; Davis, Timothy E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Davis, Timothy E.] US PHS, HHS Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Respon, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Frumkin, Howard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Frumkin, Howard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hess, JJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jhess@emory.edu OI Frumkin, Howard/0000-0001-7079-3534 NR 152 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1069-6563 EI 1553-2712 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 16 IS 8 BP 782 EP 794 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00469.x PG 13 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 476QL UT WOS:000268457300014 PM 19673715 ER PT J AU Haukoos, JS Hopkins, E Byyny, RL Conroy, AA Silverman, M Eisert, S Thrun, M Wilson, M Boyett, B Heffelfinger, JD AF Haukoos, Jason S. Hopkins, Emily Byyny, Richard L. Conroy, Amy A. Silverman, Morgan Eisert, Sheri Thrun, Mark Wilson, Michael Boyett, Brian Heffelfinger, James D. CA Denver ED HIV Opt-Out Study Grp TI Design and Implementation of a Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Routine Opt-out Rapid Human Immunodeficiency Virus Screening in the Emergency Department SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV testing; emergency department; effectiveness; efficiency; cost-effectiveness; acceptance; clinical trial; health services research; program evaluation ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; HIV-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; PREVALENCE AREA; PROGRAM; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; EXPERIENCE AB In 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released revised recommendations for performing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in health care settings, including implementing routine rapid HIV screening, the use of an integrated opt-out consent, and limited prevention counseling. Emergency departments (EDs) have been a primary focus of these efforts. These revised CDC recommendations were primarily based on feasibility studies and have not been evaluated through the application of rigorous research methods. This article describes the design and implementation of a large prospective controlled clinical trial to evaluate the CDC's recommendations in an ED setting. From April 15, 2007, through April 15, 2009, a prospective quasi-experimental equivalent time-samples clinical trial was performed to compare the clinical effectiveness and efficiency of routine (nontargeted) opt-out rapid HIV screening (intervention) to physician-directed diagnostic rapid HIV testing (control) in a high-volume urban ED. In addition, three nested observational studies were performed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and patient and staff acceptance of the two rapid HIV testing methods. This article describes the rationale, methodologies, and study design features of this program evaluation clinical trial. It also provides details regarding the integration of the principal clinical trial and its nested observational studies. Such ED-based trials are rare, but serve to provide valid comparisons between testing approaches. Investigators should consider similar methodology when performing future ED-based health services research. Academic Emergency Medicine 2009; 16: 800-808 (C) 2009 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine C1 [Haukoos, Jason S.; Hopkins, Emily; Byyny, Richard L.] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Denver, CO USA. [Silverman, Morgan] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Clin Social Work, Denver, CO USA. [Eisert, Sheri] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Denver, CO USA. [Wilson, Michael] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO USA. [Haukoos, Jason S.; Byyny, Richard L.; Thrun, Mark; Wilson, Michael] Univ Colorado, Denver Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Haukoos, Jason S.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Eisert, Sheri] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Syst Management & Policy, Aurora, CO USA. [Conroy, Amy A.] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Hlth & Behav Sci, Denver, CO USA. [Thrun, Mark] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Boyett, Brian; Heffelfinger, James D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Haukoos, JS (reprint author), Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Denver, CO USA. EM Jason.Haukoos@dhha.org RI Siry, Bonnie/D-7189-2017 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U18 PS000314]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [K02 HS017526]; Colorado Center for AIDS Research FX This study is funded by a cooperative agreement (U18 PS000314) with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (JSH) and supported, in part, by an Independent Scientist Award (K02 HS017526) from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (JSH) and a Career Development Award from the Colorado Center for AIDS Research (RLB). NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 16 IS 8 BP 800 EP 808 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00477.x PG 9 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 476QL UT WOS:000268457300016 PM 19673717 ER PT J AU Arnaud, J Jones, RL LeBlanc, A Lee, MY Mazarrasa, O Parsons, P Patriarca, M Taylor, A Weber, JP Weykamp, C AF Arnaud, Josiane Jones, Robert L. LeBlanc, Alain Lee, Mi-Young Mazarrasa, Olav Parsons, Patrick Patriarca, Marina Taylor, Andrew Weber, Jean-Philippe Weykamp, Cas TI Criteria to define the standard deviation for proficiency assessment for the determination of essential trace elements in serum: comparison of Z-scores based on the Horwitz function or on biological variability SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE LA English DT Article CT 6th Workshop on Proficiency Testing in Analytical Chemistry, Microbiology & Laboratory Medicine CY OCT 06-07, 2008 CL Rome, ITALY DE Quality specifications; Trace elements; Human serum; Human plasma; Proficiency testing; Horwitz; Fraser ID EVALUATING LABORATORY PERFORMANCE; QUALITY ASSESSMENT SCHEMES; SPECIFICATIONS; SELENIUM; ZINC; COPPER; MG; CU AB A critical issue in the organisation of Proficiency Testing/External Quality Assessment Schemes is the definition of the criteria against which the performance of individual laboratories should be evaluated. Organisers of EQAS in Occupational and Environmental Laboratory Medicine (http://www.occupational-environmental-laboratory.com) collaborate to define common acceptable levels of performance. The aim of this study was to compare the Horwitz function to the Fraser's approach. Sets of results obtained from the distribution of test materials in the Network schemes (for the measurands: copper, selenium or zinc in serum) were used to calculate Z-scores according to both approaches. Quality specifications derived from both approaches were also compared to the standard deviations obtained. Except for selenium, Horwitz criteria suggests a more stringent evaluation than Fraser criteria, the latter being very stringent as regard the participant analytical variability. C1 [Arnaud, Josiane] CHU Grenoble, Dept Biol Integree, F-38043 Grenoble 9, France. [Jones, Robert L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Elemental Anal Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [LeBlanc, Alain; Weber, Jean-Philippe] Inst Natl Sante Publ Quebec, Ctr Toxicol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 5B3, Canada. [Lee, Mi-Young] Occupat Safety & Hlth Res Inst, Inchon 403711, South Korea. [Mazarrasa, Olav] Gobierno Cantabria, Ctr Seguridad & Salud Trabajo, Santander 39012, Spain. [Parsons, Patrick] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Lab Inorgan & Nucl Chem, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Patriarca, Marina] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Publ Vet Hlth & Food Safety, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Taylor, Andrew] Univ Surrey, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Ctr Clin Sci & Measurement, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Weykamp, Cas] Queen Beatrix Hosp, MCA Lab, NL-7101 BN Winterswijk, Netherlands. RP Patriarca, M (reprint author), Ist Super Sanita, Dept Publ Vet Hlth & Food Safety, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy. EM marina.patriarca@iss.it RI PATRIARCA, MARINA/E-3680-2015; OI Parsons, Patrick/0000-0001-9133-875X NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-1775 J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR JI Accredit. Qual. Assur. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 14 IS 8-9 BP 427 EP 430 DI 10.1007/s00769-009-0561-4 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 483FZ UT WOS:000268949400004 ER PT J AU Taylor, A Jones, RL Leblanc, A Mazarrasa, O Lee, MY Parsons, PJ Patriarca, M Weber, JP Weykamp, C AF Taylor, Andrew Jones, Robert L. Leblanc, Alain Mazarrasa, Olav Lee, Mi-Young Parsons, Patrick J. Patriarca, Marina Weber, Jean-Philippe Weykamp, Cas TI Instability of mercury in specimens of human urine for external quality assessment SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on Proficiency Testing in Analytical Chemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine CY OCT 06-07, 2008 CL Rome, ITALY DE Occupational and environmental laboratory medicine; External quality assessment; Mercury in urine AB An under-recovery of inorganic mercury added to urine and a wide range of results is observed in quality assessment schemes (EQAS) for trace elements. Furthermore, the under-recoveries are inconsistent suggesting features associated with the urine matrix may make the mercury unavailable for measurement. To investigate the instability of mercury in urine the following experiments were set up: (1) a sample of Hg2+ in water with various 'stabilizers' added was sent to UK external quality assessment scheme participants. (2) Urine was collected from volunteers who also completed a 3-day food diary. Hg, Ca, Mg, Se, uric acid, phosphate, creatinine, reducing substances and protein were measured. Inorganic mercury was spiked into the urine, stabilizers were added and the mercury determined following storage. The results confirmed under-recovery of mercury in association with the urine matrix. Further investigations of how urinary components affect the measurement of mercury are necessary. C1 [Taylor, Andrew] Univ Surrey, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Ctr Clin Sci & Measurement, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. [Jones, Robert L.] CDC, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Leblanc, Alain; Weber, Jean-Philippe] Inst Natl Sante Publ Quebec, Ctr Toxicol, Ste Foy, PQ G1V 5B3, Canada. [Mazarrasa, Olav] Gobierno Cantabria, Lab Higiene Ind, Ctr Seguridad & Salud Trabajo, Santander 39012, Spain. [Lee, Mi-Young] Occupat Safety & Hlth Res Inst, Inchon 403711, South Korea. [Parsons, Patrick J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Patriarca, Marina] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Food Safety, I-00161 Rome, Italy. [Weykamp, Cas] Queen Beatrix Hosp, MCA Lab, NL-7101 BN Winterswijk, Netherlands. RP Taylor, A (reprint author), Univ Surrey, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Ctr Clin Sci & Measurement, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. EM a.taylor@surrey.ac.uk RI PATRIARCA, MARINA/E-3680-2015; OI Parsons, Patrick/0000-0001-9133-875X NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0949-1775 J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR JI Accredit. Qual. Assur. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 14 IS 8-9 BP 461 EP 466 DI 10.1007/s00769-009-0506-y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 483FZ UT WOS:000268949400010 ER PT J AU Marks, G Millett, GA Bingham, T Bond, L Lauby, J Liau, A Murrill, CS Stueve, A AF Marks, Gary Millett, Gregorio A. Bingham, Trista Bond, Lisa Lauby, Jennifer Liau, Adrian Murrill, Christopher S. Stueve, Ann TI Understanding Differences in HIV Sexual Transmission among Latino and Black Men who have Sex with Men: The Brothers y Hermanos Study SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS; Sexual transmission; MSM; Latino; Black; African American ID UNPROTECTED ANAL INTERCOURSE; RISK BEHAVIORS; YOUNG MEN; BISEXUAL MEN; WHITE MEN; INFECTION; INTERVENTION; METAANALYSIS; DISPARITIES; PREVALENCE AB HIV sexual transmission risk behaviors were examined among 1,065 Latino and 1,140 black men who have sex with men (MSM). Participants completed a computer-administered questionnaire and were tested for HIV infection. Of men who reported that their last HIV test was negative or that they had never been tested or did not get the result of their last test, 17% of black and 5% of Latino MSM tested HIV-positive in our study. In both ethnic groups, the three-month prevalence of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with HIV-negative or unknown serostatus partners was twice as high among men unaware of their HIV infection than men who knew they were HIV seropositive at the time of enrollment. UAI exclusively with HIV-positive partners was more prevalent among HIV-positive/aware than HIV-positive/unaware men. The findings advance understanding of the high incidence of HIV infection among black MSM in the U.S. C1 [Marks, Gary; Millett, Gregorio A.; Liau, Adrian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bingham, Trista] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, HIV Epidemiol Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Bond, Lisa; Lauby, Jennifer] Philadelphia Hlth Management Corp, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Murrill, Christopher S.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Stueve, Ann] Educ Dev Ctr, Newton, MA USA. RP Marks, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gmarks@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 13 IS 4 BP 682 EP 690 DI 10.1007/s10461-008-9380-6 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 476WS UT WOS:000268478000009 PM 18752064 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, L Bonaparte, B Joseph, H Agronick, G Leow, DM Myint-U, A Stueve, A AF O'Donnell, Lydia Bonaparte, Beverly Joseph, Heather Agronick, Gail Leow, Deborah McLean Myint-U, Athi Stueve, Ann TI KEEP IT UP: DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH SCREENING AND HIV PREVENTION STRATEGY FOR REACHING YOUNG AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SEX; RISK; PREVALENCE; TRENDS AB This article addresses the challenge of developing HIV prevention interventions that not only prove to be efficacious but also are designed from the outset to overcome obstacles to reaching priority populations. We describe how community input has informed development of Keep It Up (KIU), a Community health screening and behavioral prevention program for young Black men. KIU embeds HIV prevention in a broader health promotion campaign, with the goal of reducing stigma and reaching a Population that bears a disproportionate burden of HIV/AIDS and other health problems-hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, asthma, and obesity. Information from community partners, expert advisers, and focus groups was collected at key junctures and incorporated into four core components: social marketing, a computerized behavioral learning module, biological testing for HIV and other conditions, and a personalized health profile and risk reduction plan. A pilot with 116 participants provided evidence that the KIU model of integrating HIV prevention with other health screening is acceptable and has the potential to reach Black men at risk for HIV as well as other chronic health conditions. C1 [O'Donnell, Lydia; Agronick, Gail; Leow, Deborah McLean; Myint-U, Athi; Stueve, Ann] Educ Dev Ctr Inc, Hlth & Human Dev Programs, Newton, MA 02459 USA. [Bonaparte, Beverly] CUNY Medgar Evers Coll, New York, NY USA. [Joseph, Heather] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP O'Donnell, L (reprint author), Educ Dev Ctr Inc, Hlth & Human Dev Programs, 55 Chapel St, Newton, MA 02459 USA. EM lodonnell@edc.org FU NCHHSTP CDC HHS [5UR6PS000399] NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 4 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 21 IS 4 BP 299 EP 313 PG 15 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 481XI UT WOS:000268845700001 PM 19670966 ER PT J AU Young, B Buchacz, K Moorman, A Wood, KC Brooks, JT AF Young, Benjamin Buchacz, Kate Moorman, Anne Wood, Kathy C. Brooks, John T. CA HIV Outpatient Study Hops Investig TI Renal Function in Patients with Preexisting Renal Disease Receiving Tenofovir-Containing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in the HIV Outpatient Study SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS; DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; CREATININE CLEARANCE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; SAFETY; DF; MULTICENTER; INFECTION AB Few data exist on the safety of tenofovir (TDF) in HIV-infected patients with preexisting renal dysfunction. We report 12-month changes in renal profiles among 19 such patients (6 patients with history of and 13 patients with current renal disease) in the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) who initiated TDF-containing highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) during 2001-2005 with TDF dosed mostly at 300 mg once daily. At baseline, the median estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 49 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and the median CD4(+) cell count was 322 cells/mm(3). Patients had a median 12-month change in estimated creatinine clearance from baseline of -0.3 mL/min (range, -32.2 to +23.6) and the median change in GFR of -0.1 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (range, -49.8 to +29.5). We observed confirmed worsening of kidney disease stage in 5 of the 19 patients during follow-up. TDF use can be considered in patients with preexisting or current renal dysfunction who have limited antiretroviral treatment options, require TDF for fully active antiretroviral regimen, and can be closely monitored for incident worsening of renal function. C1 [Young, Benjamin] Denver Infect Dis Consultants, Denver, CO 80220 USA. [Young, Benjamin; Moorman, Anne] Hlth Connect Int, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Buchacz, Kate; Moorman, Anne; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wood, Kathy C.] Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA. RP Young, B (reprint author), Denver Infect Dis Consultants, 4545 E 9th Ave,Suite 120, Denver, CO 80220 USA. EM byoung@didc.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2006-18797]; Bristol Myers Squibb; Gilead Sciences; Merck; Roche; GlaxoSmithKline FX B.Y. has received recent research grants from Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Merck, Roche, and GlaxoSmithKline and/or is a member of advisory boards for Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Pfizer, Roche and Bristol Myers Squibb. Other authors have no competing financial interests exist. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD AUG PY 2009 VL 23 IS 8 BP 589 EP 592 DI 10.1089/apc.2008.0232 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 484RC UT WOS:000269063600002 PM 19591609 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Bertram, L Boffetta, P Butterworth, AS Chanock, SJ Dolan, SM Fortier, I Garcia-Closas, M Gwinn, M Higgins, JPT Janssens, ACJW Ostell, J Owen, RP Pagon, RA Rebbeck, TR Rothman, N Bernstein, JL Burton, PR Campbell, H Chockalingam, A Furberg, H Little, J O'Brien, TR Seminara, D Vineis, P Winn, DM Yu, W Ioannidis, JPA AF Khoury, Muin J. Bertram, Lars Boffetta, Paolo Butterworth, Adam S. Chanock, Stephen J. Dolan, Siobhan M. Fortier, Isabel Garcia-Closas, Montserrat Gwinn, Marta Higgins, Julian P. T. Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ostell, James Owen, Ryan P. Pagon, Roberta A. Rebbeck, Timothy R. Rothman, Nathaniel Bernstein, Jonine L. Burton, Paul R. Campbell, Harry Chockalingam, Anand Furberg, Helena Little, Julian O'Brien, Thomas R. Seminara, Daniela Vineis, Paolo Winn, Deborah M. Yu, Wei Ioannidis, John P. A. TI Genome-Wide Association Studies, Field Synopses, and the Development of the Knowledge Base on Genetic Variation and Human Diseases SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE association; database; encyclopedias; epidemiologic methods; genome; human; genome-wide association study; genomics; meta-analysis ID SYSTEMATIC METAANALYSES; BLADDER-CANCER; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VARIANTS; COMMON; SUSCEPTIBILITY; REPLICATION; DATABASE; FALSE; LOCI AB Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have led to a rapid increase in available data on common genetic variants and phenotypes and numerous discoveries of new loci associated with susceptibility to common complex diseases. Integrating the evidence from GWAS and candidate gene studies depends on concerted efforts in data production, online publication, database development, and continuously updated data synthesis. Here the authors summarize current experience and challenges on these fronts, which were discussed at a 2008 multidisciplinary workshop sponsored by the Human Genome Epidemiology Network. Comprehensive field synopses that integrate many reported gene-disease associations have been systematically developed for several fields, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, bladder cancer, coronary heart disease, preterm birth, and DNA repair genes in various cancers. The authors summarize insights from these field synopses and discuss remaining unresolved issues-especially in the light of evidence from GWAS, for which they summarize empirical P-value and effect-size data on 223 discovered associations for binary outcomes (142 with P < 10(-7)). They also present a vision of collaboration that builds reliable cumulative evidence for genetic associations with common complex diseases and a transparent, distributed, authoritative knowledge base on genetic variation and human health. As a next step in the evolution of Human Genome Epidemiology reviews, the authors invite investigators to submit field synopses for possible publication in the American Journal of Epidemiology. C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta; Yu, Wei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bertram, Lars] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Genet & Aging Res Unit, Charlestown, MA USA. [Boffetta, Paolo] Int Agcy Res Canc, F-69372 Lyon, France. [Butterworth, Adam S.; Higgins, Julian P. T.] Univ Cambridge, Mol Epidemiol Unit, Cambridge, England. [Chanock, Stephen J.; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat; Rothman, Nathaniel; O'Brien, Thomas R.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dolan, Siobhan M.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Fortier, Isabel] McGill Univ, Quebec Innovat Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Higgins, Julian P. T.] Univ Cambridge, MRC, Biostat Unit, Cambridge, England. [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ostell, James] Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. [Owen, Ryan P.] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Pagon, Roberta A.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Rebbeck, Timothy R.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bernstein, Jonine L.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Burton, Paul R.] Univ Leicester, Dept Hlth Sci, Leicester, Leics, England. [Campbell, Harry] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Populat Hlth Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Chockalingam, Anand] Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Epidemiol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Furberg, Helena] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Seminara, Daniela; Winn, Deborah M.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Vineis, Paolo] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Div Epidemiol, London, England. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Boston, MA USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mukl@cdc.gov RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; Higgins, Julian/H-4008-2011; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat /F-3871-2015; Burton, Paul/H-7527-2016; Bertram, Lars/K-3889-2015; OI Higgins, Julian/0000-0002-8323-2514; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat /0000-0003-1033-2650; Bertram, Lars/0000-0002-0108-124X; Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976 FU British Heart Foundation [RG/08/014/24067]; Medical Research Council [MC_U105285807]; NCI NIH HHS [K07 CA118412, K07 CA118412-04]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025752] NR 53 TC 81 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 170 IS 3 BP 269 EP 279 DI 10.1093/aje/kwp119 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 475BH UT WOS:000268330300001 PM 19498075 ER PT J AU Knapp, MB Grytdal, SP Chiarello, LA Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL Zombeck, A Klein, C Warden, B Lyden, J Pearson, ML AF Knapp, Megan Bush Grytdal, Scott P. Chiarello, Linda A. Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. Zombeck, Andrea Klein, Cynthia Warden, Beverly Lyden, Jennifer Pearson, Michele L. TI Evaluation of institutional practices for prevention of phlebotomy-associated percutaneous injuries in hospital settings SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; NEEDLESTICK INJURIES; SHARPS INJURIES; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEVICES AB Background: To reduce the incidence of phlebotomy-related percutaneous injuries (PIs), factors that contribute to these injuries must be identified. This study examined institutional phlebotomy practices, policies, perceptions, and culture to identify facilitators and barriers that appear to have the greatest impact in preventing injuries. Methods: During site visits at study hospitals, observational data were collected during the performance of phlebotomy In addition, interviews and focus groups were conducted with hospital personnel involved in phlebotomy procedures. Results: Nine hospitals participated in the study A total of 126 phlebotomy procedures were observed. Health care personnel chose devices with safety features for the majority of observed procedures (n = 122, 97%). Recommended phlebotomy practices for handling needles after use were observed in 42% to 92% of procedures. Adherence varied by type of device, occupation, and facility PI rate. In the 23 interviews and 9 focus groups, participants identified factors that facilitated PI prevention such as the availability and use of devices with safety mechanisms, adherence to recommended safe needle-handling practices, and institutional phlebotomy training. Conclusion: The quantitative and qualitative data indicate that a wide array of factors can affect phlebotomy-related practices and perceptions. Prevention of Pis may require comprehensive, multifaceted intervention efforts to improve the safety culture and reduce PIs and exposure to bloodborne pathogens in health care facilities. Copyright (C) 2009 by the Association for Professionals in infection Control and Epidemiology. Inc. (Am J Infect Control 2009;37;490-4.) C1 [Knapp, Megan Bush; Grytdal, Scott P.; Chiarello, Linda A.; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.; Pearson, Michele L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent & Evaluat Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Infect Dis,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zombeck, Andrea; Klein, Cynthia; Warden, Beverly; Lyden, Jennifer] Constella Grp LLC, Durham, NC USA. RP Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent & Evaluat Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Infect Dis,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rls7@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2009 VL 37 IS 6 BP 490 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2008.06.012 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 482IJ UT WOS:000268878500011 PM 19188001 ER PT J AU Dentinger, CM AF Dentinger, Catherine M. TI Hepatitis A SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Editorial Material ID VIRAL-HEPATITIS; VIRUS; OUTBREAK; PROPHYLAXIS; PREVENTION; EXCRETION; VACCINE C1 [Dentinger, Catherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dentinger, Catherine M.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. RP Dentinger, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cdentinger@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 109 IS 8 BP 29 EP 33 PG 5 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 482UM UT WOS:000268914300018 PM 19641403 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Kraft, JM Warner, L Anderson, JE Jamieson, DJ AF Farr, Sherry L. Kraft, Joan Marie Warner, Lee Anderson, John E. Jamieson, Denise J. TI The integration of STD/HIV services with contraceptive services for young women in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Conference CY MAR 10-14, 2008 CL Chicago, IL DE adolescent; contraception; HIV; reproductive health service; sexually transmitted disease ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MISSED OPPORTUNITIES; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; NATIONAL-SURVEY; ADOLESCENTS; CARE; VISITS; PROVIDERS AB OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate the national prevalence and predictors of sexually transmitted disease/human immunodeficiency virus (STD/HIV) service receipt in the preceding year among young women who received contraceptive services. STUDY DESIGN: Weighted self-reported data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth was used to estimate the prevalence and multivariable odds ratios for the receipt of STD/HIV services among 1009 unmarried, sexually active 15- to 24-year-old women who received contraceptive services. RESULTS: Of the women who received contraceptive services, 35% (2.7 million) did not receive STD/HIV services. Predictors of the receipt of STD/HIV services included younger age at first sexual intercourse (<= 14 years; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.0; 15-17 years; aOR, 1.7), having ever been pregnant (aOR, 2.2); having had >= 2 partners in the past year (aOR, 2.6), receipt of a pregnancy test or abortion in the past year (aOR, 2.3), and having visited a Title X clinic in the last 12 months (aOR, 3.3). CONCLUSION: Interventions are needed to help integrate contraceptive and STD/HIV services. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.; Kraft, Joan Marie; Warner, Lee; Anderson, John E.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 201 IS 2 AR 142.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.04.018 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 476RI UT WOS:000268460900005 PM 19481723 ER PT J AU Henderson, ZT Power, ML Berghella, V Lackritz, EM Schulkin, J AF Henderson, Zsakeba T. Power, Michael L. Berghella, Vincenzo Lackritz, Eve M. Schulkin, Jay TI Attitudes and Practices Regarding Use of Progesterone to Prevent Preterm Births SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Attitudes and practices; preterm birth; prevention; progesterone ID CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL ISSUES; AMBULATORY RESEARCH NETWORK; MATERNAL-FETAL MEDICINE; 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATE; OUTPATIENT OBSTETRICS; DOUBLE-BLIND; FOLLOW-UP; PLACEBO; TRIAL; WOMEN AB We sought to describe current attitudes and practices of obstetrician-gynecologists regarding use of progesterone and prevention of preterm birth. A self-administered survey was mailed to American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Fellows and Junior Fellows in Practice in March to May 2007. The survey consisted of 36 questions, including respondents' demographic characteristics, preterm birth risk factor knowledge and screening practices, and use of progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth. The response rate was 52% (n = 345); most respondents were general obstetrician-gynecologists (89%). Many (74%) reported recommending or offering progesterone for prevention of preterm birth. Almost all (93%) reported use for the indication of previous spontaneous preterm birth. However, many also reported use for other indications such as dilated/effaced cervix (37%), short cervix on ultrasound (34%), and cerclage (26%). These results suggest that most obstetricians recommend or offer progesterone to prevent preterm birth for women with a previous spontaneous preterm birth and many also offer it for women with other high-risk obstetric conditions. C1 [Henderson, Zsakeba T.; Lackritz, Eve M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Power, Michael L.; Schulkin, Jay] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Res Dept, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Berghella, Vincenzo] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Henderson, ZT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,Mailstop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zhenderson@cdc.gov OI Power, Michael/0000-0002-6120-3528; Berghella, Vincenzo/0000-0003-2854-0239 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 0735-1631 J9 AM J PERINAT JI Am. J. Perinatol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 26 IS 7 BP 529 EP 536 DI 10.1055/s-0029-1215432 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 475WQ UT WOS:000268395600010 PM 19301227 ER PT J AU Lu, PJ Euler, GL Callahan, DB AF Lu, Peng-jun Euler, Gary L. Callahan, David B. TI Influenza Vaccination Among Adults with Asthma Findings from the 2007 BRFSS Survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RISK ADULTS; UNITED-STATES; PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE; SELF-REPORT; COVERAGE; TRIAL AB Background: Asthma prevalence among U.S. adults is estimated to be 6.7%. People with asthma are at increased risk of complications from influenza. Influenza vaccination of adults and children with asthma is recommended by the Advisory Committee oil Immunization Practices. The Healthy People 2010 Objectives call for annual influenza vaccination of at least 60% of adults aged 18-64 years with asthma and other conditions associated with an increased risk of complications from influenza. Purpose: To assess influenza vaccination coverage among adults with asthma in the United States. Methods: Data from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System restricted to individuals interviewed during February through August were analyzed in 2008 to estimate national and state prevalence of self-reported receipt of influenza vaccination among respondents aged 1.8-64 years with asthma. Logistic regression provided predictive marginal vaccination coverage for each covariate, adjusted for demographic and access to care characteristics. Results: Among adults aged 18-64 years with asthma, influenza vaccination coverage was 39.9% (95% CI=38.3%, 41.5%) during the 2006-2007 season (coverage ranged from 26.9% [95% CI=19.8%, 35.3%] in California to 53.3% [95% CI=42.8%, 63.6%] in Tennessee). Influenza vaccination coverage was 33.9% (95% CI=31.9%, 35.9%) for adults aged 18-49 years with asthma compared to 54.7% (95% CI=52.4%, 57.0%) for adults aged 50-64 years with asthma. Among people aged 18-64 years, vaccination coverage was 28.8% among those without asthma. People with asthma who had an increased likelihood of vaccination were aged 50-64 years, female, non-Hispanic white, and had diabetes, activity limitations, health insurance, a regular healthcare provider, routine checkup in the previous year, and formerly smoked or never smoked. Conclusions: influenza vaccination coverage continues to be below the national objective of 60% for people aged 18-64),cars with asthma as a high-risk condition. Increased state and national efforts are needed to improve influenza vaccination levels among this Population and particularly among those aged 18-49 years. (Am J Prev, Med 2009;37(2):109-115) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Lu, Peng-jun; Euler, Gary L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Callahan, David B.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lu, PJ (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhp8@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 37 IS 2 BP 109 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.03.021 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 475FO UT WOS:000268344200004 PM 19589448 ER PT J AU Gillespie, TR Morgan, D Sanz, C Cameron, K AF Gillespie, T. R. Morgan, D. Sanz, C. Cameron, K. TI LOGGING CREATES UNANTICIPATED THREAT TO APE HEALTH AND CONSERVATION IN EQUATORIAL AFRICA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 32nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Primatologists CY SEP 18-21, 2009 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Primatol, San Diego Zoo, Mira Costa Coll C1 [Gillespie, T. R.] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Gillespie, T. R.] Emory Univ, Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Gillespie, T. R.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Morgan, D.] Lincoln Pk Zoo, Chicago, IL USA. [Sanz, C.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Cameron, K.] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Leipzig, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0275-2565 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 71 MA 92 BP 59 EP 59 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 488SJ UT WOS:000269369800093 ER PT J AU Loomis, D Schulman, MD Bailer, J Stainback, K Wheeler, M Richardson, DB Marshall, SW AF Loomis, Dana Schulman, Michael D. Bailer, John Stainback, Kevin Wheeler, Matthew Richardson, David B. Marshall, Stephen W. TI Political Economy of US States and Rates of Fatal Occupational Injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY-RATES; SAFETY; HEALTH; TRENDS AB Objectives. We investigated the extent to which the political economy of US states, including the relative power of organized labor, predicts rates of fatal occupational injury. Methods. We described states' political economies with 6 contextual variables measuring social and political conditions: "right-to-work" laws, union membership density, labor grievance rates, state government debt, unemployment rates, and social wage payments. We obtained data on fatal occupational injuries from the National Traumatic Occupational Fatality surveillance system and population data from the US national census. We used Poisson regression methods to analyze relationships for the years 1980 and 1995. Results. States differed notably with respect to political-economic characteristics and occupational fatality rates, although these characteristics were more homogeneous within rather than between regions. Industry and workforce composition contributed significantly to differences in state injury rates, but political-economic characteristics of states were also significantly associated with injury rates, after adjustment accounting for those factors. Conclusions. Higher rates of fatal occupational injury were associated with a state policy climate favoring business over labor, with distinct regional clustering of such state policies in the South and Northeast. (Am J Public Health. 2009; 99:1400-1408. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.131409) C1 [Loomis, Dana] Univ Nevada, Sch Publ Hlth, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Loomis, Dana; Richardson, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Schulman, Michael D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Schulman, Michael D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bailer, John] Miami Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Stainback, Kevin] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Sociol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wheeler, Matthew] NIOSH, Risk Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Marshall, Stephen W.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Orthapaed, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Loomis, D (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Sch Publ Hlth, MS-274, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM dploomis@unr.edu OI Marshall, Stephen/0000-0002-2664-9233 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [R01-OH03910] FX We thank Eileen Gregory for assistance with processing data from the US Census and Steve Lippmann, J. Scott Brown, and Suzanne Marsh for helpful reviews of the article. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2009 VL 99 IS 8 BP 1400 EP 1408 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2007.131409 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 482GZ UT WOS:000268874100017 PM 19542025 ER PT J AU Coker, TR Elliott, MN Kanouse, DE Grunbaum, JA Gilliland, J Tortolero, SR Cuccaro, P Schuster, MA AF Coker, Tumaini R. Elliott, Marc N. Kanouse, David E. Grunbaum, Jo Anne Gilliland, Janice Tortolero, Susan R. Cuccaro, Paula Schuster, Mark A. TI Prevalence, Characteristics, and Associated Health and Health Care of Family Homelessness Among Fifth-Grade Students SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SHELTERED HOMELESS; MENTAL-HEALTH; SERVICE USE; CHILDREN; PEDSQL(TM)-4.0; RELIABILITY; VALIDITY; MOTHERS; WOMEN AB Objectives. We describe the lifetime prevalence and associated health-related concerns of family homelessness among fifth-grade students. Methods. We used a population-based, cross-sectional survey of 5147 fifth-grade students in 3 US cities to analyze parent-reported measures of family homelessness, child health status, health care access and use, and emotional, developmental, and behavioral health and child-reported measures of health-related quality of life and exposure to violence. Results. Seven percent of parents reported that they and their child had experienced homelessness (i.e., staying in shelters, cars, or on the street). Black children and children in the poorest families had the highest prevalence of homelessness (11%). In adjusted analyses, most general health measures were similar for children who had and had not been homeless. Children who had ever experienced homelessness were more likely to have an emotional, behavioral, or developmental problem (odds ratio [OR]=1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.1, 2.6; P=.01), to have received mental health care (OR=2.2; 95% CI=1.6, 3.2; P<.001), and to have witnessed serious violence with a knife (OR=1.6; 95% CI=11.1, 2.3; P=.007) than were children who were never homeless. Conclusions. Family homelessness affects a substantial minority of fifth-grade children and may have an impact on their emotional, developmental, and behavioral health. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99:1446-1452. doi:10.2105/AJPH. 2008.147785) C1 [Coker, Tumaini R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Mattel Childrens Hosp, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Coker, Tumaini R.; Elliott, Marc N.; Kanouse, David E.; Schuster, Mark A.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Grunbaum, Jo Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gilliland, Janice] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Birmingham, AL USA. [Tortolero, Susan R.; Cuccaro, Paula] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Houston, TX USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Boston, MA USA. RP Coker, TR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, RAND Ctr Adolescent Hlth Promot, 1072 Gayley Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM tcoker@mednet.ucla.edu OI Cuccaro, Paula/0000-0002-9551-4789 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Prevention Research Centers [U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056] FX The Healthy Passages Study is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Prevention Research Centers (cooperative agreements U48DP000046, U48DP000057, and U48DP000056).; We thank Marika Suttorp, MS, and Tariq Qureshi, MD, for their assistance in data analysis. We also acknowledge Healthy Passages investigators and staff at each study site, and express our gratitude to the families who participated in this study.; Note. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2009 VL 99 IS 8 BP 1446 EP 1452 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2008.147785 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 482GZ UT WOS:000268874100023 PM 19542035 ER PT J AU Kuempel, ED Wheeler, MW Smith, RJ Vallyathan, V Green, FHY AF Kuempel, Eileen D. Wheeler, Matthew W. Smith, Randall J. Vallyathan, Val Green, Francis H. Y. TI Contributions of Dust Exposure and Cigarette Smoking to Emphysema Severity in Coal Miners in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE occupational exposure; regression analysis; chronic obstructive lung disease; autopsy; severity of illness index ID CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY; WORKERS PNEUMOCONIOSIS; RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; LUNG-FUNCTION; MORTALITY; AUTOPSY; IMPAIRMENT; PATHOLOGY; AMERICAN; DEATH AB Rationale: Previous studies have shown associations between dust exposure or lung burden and emphysema in coal miners, although the separate contributions of various predictors have not been clearly demonstrated. Objectives: To quantitatively evaluate the relationship between cumulative exposure to respirable coal mine dust, cigarette smoking, and other factors on emphysema severity. Methods: The study group included 722 autopsied coal miners and nonminers in the United States. Data on work history, smoking, race, and age at death were obtained from medical records and questionnaire completed by next-of-kin. Emphysema was classified and graded using a standardized schema. Job-specific mean concentrations of respirable coal mine dust were matched with work histories to estimate cumulative exposure. Relationships between various metrics of dust exposure (including cumulative exposure and lung dust burden) and emphysema severity were investigated in weighted least squares regression models. Measurements and Main Results: Emphysema severity was significantly elevated in coal miners compared with nonminers among ever- and never-smokers (P < 0.0001). Cumulative exposure to respirable coal mine dust or coal dust retained in the lungs were significant predictors of emphysema severity (P < 0.0001) after accounting for cigarette smoking, age at death, and race. The contributions of coal mine dust exposure and cigarette smoking were similar in predicting emphysema severity averaged over this cohort. Conclusions: Coal dust exposure, cigarette smoking, age, and race are significant and additive predictors of emphysema severity in this study. C1 [Kuempel, Eileen D.; Wheeler, Matthew W.; Smith, Randall J.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Risk Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Vallyathan, Val] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Morgantown, WV USA. [Green, Francis H. Y.] Univ Calgary, Fac Med, Dept Pathol, Calgary, AB, Canada. RP Kuempel, ED (reprint author), NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Risk Evaluat Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MSC 15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ekuempel@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Supported by The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 48 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 180 IS 3 BP 257 EP 264 DI 10.1164/rccm.200806-840OC PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 479XR UT WOS:000268696000012 PM 19423717 ER PT J AU Dorman, SE Johnson, JL Goldberg, S Muzanye, G Padayatchi, N Bozeman, L Heilig, CM Bernardo, J Choudhri, S Grosset, JH Guy, E Guyadeen, P Leus, MC Maltas, G Menzies, D Nuermberger, EL Villarino, M Vernon, A Chaisson, RE AF Dorman, Susan E. Johnson, John L. Goldberg, Stefan Muzanye, Grace Padayatchi, Nesri Bozeman, Lorna Heilig, Charles M. Bernardo, John Choudhri, Shurjeel Grosset, Jacques H. Guy, Elizabeth Guyadeen, Priya Leus, Maria Corazon Maltas, Gina Menzies, Dick Nuermberger, Eric L. Villarino, Margarita Vernon, Andrew Chaisson, Richard E. CA TB Trials Consortium TI Substitution of Moxifloxacin for Isoniazid during Intensive Phase Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; antitubercular agents; mycobacterium infections ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; MURINE TUBERCULOSIS; STERILIZING ACTIVITIES; IN-VITRO; GATIFLOXACIN; MODEL; PHARMACOKINETICS; LEVOFLOXACIN; REGIMEN AB Rationale Moxifloxacin has potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and in a mouse model of antituberculosis (TB) chemotherapy, but data regarding its activity in humans are limited. Objectives: Our objective was to compare the antimicrobial activity and safety of moxifloxacin versus isoniazid during the first 8 weeks of combination therapy for pulmonary TB. Methods: Adults with sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB were randomly assigned to receive either moxifloxacin 400 mg plus isoniazid placebo, or isoniazid 300 ring plus moxifloxacin placebo, administered 5 days/week for 8 weeks, in addition to rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. All doses were directly observed. Sputum was collected for culture every 2 weeks. The primary outcome was negative sputum culture at completion of 8 weeks of treatment. Measurements and Main Results: Of 433 participants enrolled, 328 were eligible for the primary efficacy analysis. Of these, 35 (11%) were HIV positive, 248 (76%) had cavitation on baseline chest radiograph, and 213 (65%) were enrolled at African sites. Negative Cultures at Week 8 were observed in 90/164 (54.9%) participants in the isoniazid arm, and 99/164 (60.4%) in the moxifloxacin arm (P = 0.37). In multivariate analysis, cavitation and enrollment at an African site were associated with lower likelihood of Week-8 culture negativity. The proportion of participants who discontinued assigned treatment was 31/214 (14.5%) for the moxifloxacin group versus 22/205 (10.7%) for the isoniazid group (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.81, 2.25). Conclusions: Substitution of moxifloxacin for isoniazid resulted in a small but statistically nonsignificant increase in Week-8 culture negativity. C1 [Dorman, Susan E.; Grosset, Jacques H.; Maltas, Gina; Nuermberger, Eric L.; Chaisson, Richard E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr TB Res, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. [Johnson, John L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Johnson, John L.] Univ Hosp Case Med Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Goldberg, Stefan; Bozeman, Lorna; Heilig, Charles M.; Villarino, Margarita; Vernon, Andrew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Muzanye, Grace] Uganda Case Western Reserve Univ Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Padayatchi, Nesri] Univ KwaZulu, CAPRISA, Kwa Zulu, South Africa. [Padayatchi, Nesri] Univ KwaZulu, Dept Community Hlth, Kwa Zulu, South Africa. [Bernardo, John] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Choudhri, Shurjeel] Bayer Inc, West Haven, CT USA. [Guy, Elizabeth] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Guyadeen, Priya] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Leus, Maria Corazon] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Menzies, Dick] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Dorman, SE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr TB Res, 1550 Orleans St,Room 1M-06, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. EM dsusan1@jhmi.edu RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008; OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310; Bernardo, John/0000-0002-3922-0559; Mayanja-Kizza, Harriet/0000-0002-9297-6208; Joloba, Moses/0000-0002-0334-9983; Stout, Jason/0000-0002-6698-8176 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Global Alliance for Tuberculosis Drug Development FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Global Alliance for Tuberculosis Drug Development. Bayer Pharmaceuticals provided moxilloxacin and moxifloxacin placebo tablets. NR 39 TC 165 Z9 169 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 180 IS 3 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1164/rccm.200901-0078OC PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 479XR UT WOS:000268696000014 PM 19406981 ER PT J AU Ison, MG Hager, J Blumberg, E Burdick, J Carney, K Cutler, J DiMaio, JM Hasz, R Kuehnert, MJ Ortiz-Rios, E Teperman, L Nalesnik, M AF Ison, M. G. Hager, J. Blumberg, E. Burdick, J. Carney, K. Cutler, J. DiMaio, J. M. Hasz, R. Kuehnert, M. J. Ortiz-Rios, E. Teperman, L. Nalesnik, M. TI Donor-Derived Disease Transmission Events in the United States: Data Reviewed by the OPTN/UNOS Disease Transmission Advisory Committee SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article CT 48th Annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy/46th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT 25, 2008 CL Washington, DC SP Infect Dis Soc Amer DE Donor risk; donor-to-host transmission; infectious diseases; malignancy ID 4 TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; ORGAN DONOR; VIRUS AB Donor-derived disease transmission is increasingly recognized as a source of morbidity and mortality among transplant recipients. Policy 4.7 of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) currently requires reporting of donor-derived events. All potential donor-derived transmission events (PDDTE) reported to OPTN/UNOS were reviewed by the Disease Transmission Advisory Committee (DTAC). Summary data from January 1, 2005-December 31, 2007, were prepared for presentation. Reports of PDDTE have increased from 7 in 2005, the first full year data were collected, to 60 in 2006 and to 97 in 2007. More detailed information is available for 2007; a classification system for determining likelihood of donor-derived transmission was utilized. In 2007, there were four proven and one possible donor-derived malignancy transmissions and four proven, two probable and six possible donor-derived infectious diseases transmissions. There were nine reported recipient deaths attributable to proven donor transmissions events arising from eight donors during 2007. Although recognized transmission events resulted in significant morbidity and mortality, transmission was reported in only 0.96% of deceased donor donations overall. Improved reporting, through enhanced recognition and communication, will be critical to better estimate the transmission risk of infection and malignancy through organ transplantation. C1 [Ison, M. G.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Ison, M. G.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Organ Transplantat, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Hager, J.] UNOS, Richmond, VA USA. [Blumberg, E.] Univ Penn, Div Infect Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Burdick, J.] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, HRSA, Rockville, MD USA. [Carney, K.] Univ Penn, Dept Lung Transplantat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Cutler, J.] SW Transplant Alliance, Dallas, TX USA. [DiMaio, J. M.] UT SW, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, Dallas, TX USA. [Hasz, R.] Gift Life Donor Program, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Kuehnert, M. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ortiz-Rios, E.] HHS Rockville, HRSA, Rockville, MD USA. [Teperman, L.] NYU, Dept Transplantat, New York, NY USA. [Nalesnik, M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Ison, MG (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM mgison@northwestern.edu FU PHS HHS [234-2005-370011C] NR 15 TC 93 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 9 IS 8 BP 1929 EP 1935 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02700.x PG 7 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 471IO UT WOS:000268050200031 PM 19538493 ER PT J AU Goswami, ND Shah, JJ Corey, GR Stout, JE AF Goswami, Neela D. Shah, J. Jina Corey, G. Ralph Stout, Jason E. TI Short Report: Persistent Eosinophilia and Strongyloides Infection in Montagnard Refugees after Presumptive Albendazole Therapy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PRE-DEPARTURE TREATMENT; INTESTINAL PARASITES; STERCORALIS; POPULATION; CANADA; IMPACT AB Chronic helminth infections are common in refugee populations and may persist years after immigration. Asymptomatic Strongyloides stercoralis infection raises particular concern because of its potential for complications in immunosuppressed patients. We examined 172 Montagnard refugees resettled to Wake County, North Carolina from 2002 through 2003. Refugees were pretreated with albendazole for five days and screened for health conditions after arrival. Eosinophilia was present in 41 of 171 refugees at the first blood draw. Only I of 172 had a stool helminth (Fasciola) identified by microscopy. On repeat testing, 13 people had persistent eosinophilia. Results of serologic analysis for Strongyloides were available in 24 persons. Eosinophil counts decreased significantly after treatment with ivermectin in nine refugees (P = 0.039). Persistent eosinophilia. likely caused by Strongyloides infection was common in this cohort of Montagnard refugees. Clinicians should understand the limitations of stool microscopy in diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, the limited effectiveness of albendazole in treating strongyloidiasis, and the importance of following-up refugees with persistent eosinophilia. C1 [Goswami, Neela D.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Goswami, ND (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Box 102359, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM dasgu001@mc.duke.edu OI Stout, Jason/0000-0002-6698-8176 FU North Carolina Refugee Health Program; Enhanced Refugee Health Assessment Program in Cambodia and North Carolina FX We thank Debra S. Turner, who served as refugee health nurse for the Wake County Human Services Clinic and without whose assistance this study Would not have been possible. We also thank Suzanna Young (North Carolina Refugee Health Program), Dr. Martin Cetron (Director, Division of Global Migration and Quarantine. CDC). and other members of the IOM and CDC team for assistance with the larger Enhanced Refugee Health Assessment Program in Cambodia and North Carolina within which this study is nested. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 81 IS 2 BP 302 EP 304 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 475LK UT WOS:000268360400023 PM 19635888 ER PT J AU Glenshaw, MT Roy, S Ruiz-Tiben, E Downs, P Williamson, J Eberhard, M AF Glenshaw, Mary T. Roy, Sharon Ruiz-Tiben, Ernesto Downs, Philip Williamson, John Eberhard, Mark TI Guinea Worm Disease Outcomes in Ghana: Determinants of Broken Worms SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID DRACUNCULIASIS ERADICATION; GLOBAL ERADICATION AB In 2006,Ghana ranked second in Guinea worm disease (GWD) incidence and reported a previously undocumented 20% prevalence of worm breakage. A prospective study was conducted in 2007 to validate and describe worm breakage and determinants. Among 221 patients with known Outcomes. the worm breakage rate observed was 46%. After Controlling for demographics, worm and wound presentation, and treatment Course and provision, worm breakage was associated with narrow-diameter worms (< 2 mm) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-7.53). Protective factors against worm breakage included antibiotic ointment use (AOR 0.31; 95%, CI = 0.14-0.70), bandage protocol compliance (AOR: 0.38; 95% CI = 0.16-0.89), intact bandages (AOR 0.27; 95% CI = 0.09-0.82) and Moody compared with dry wounds (AOR 0.09; 95% CI = 0.01-0.7). The hit, We,it worm breakage rate observed warrants improvement in case management and patient care. Adherence to established treatment protocols Should be facilitated through improved provider training and supervision to reduce the disabling consequences of broken worms. C1 [Glenshaw, Mary T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Emory Univ, Carter Ctr, Guinea Worm Eradicat Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Glenshaw, MT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv EIS, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mglenshaw@cdc.gov FU Kris Bisgard, CDC EIS Field Assignments Branch; New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services FX We gratefully acknowledge Andrew Seidu-Korkor, National Coordinator, GGWEP for his review of this manuscript, as well as the editing, review, and supervision provided by Kris Bisgard, CDC EIS Field Assignments Branch, Jerald Fagliano and Corwin Robertson, New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services. We especially thank Carter Center Technical Assistants Corey Farrell and Alison Liang, and sincerely thank the data collection staff. treatment providers, and patients for their participation ill this evaluation. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 81 IS 2 BP 305 EP 312 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 475LK UT WOS:000268360400024 PM 19635889 ER PT J AU Stacey, P Kauffer, E Moulut, JC Dion, C Beauparlant, M Fernandez, P Key-Schwartz, R Friede, B Wake, D AF Stacey, Peter Kauffer, Edmond Moulut, Jean-Claude Dion, Chantal Beauparlant, Martin Fernandez, Pablo Key-Schwartz, Rosa Friede, Bernd Wake, Derrick TI An International Comparison of the Crystallinity of Calibration Materials for the Analysis of Respirable alpha-Quartz Using X-Ray Diffraction and a Comparison with Results from the Infrared KBr Disc Method SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE analysis; crystallinity; infrared; quartz; silica; x-ray diffraction ID PARTICLE-SIZE; STANDARDS; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AB This paper lists the values recommended by the working group for use with XRD analysis. The values for crystallinity obtained for some of the materials (NIST 1878, Min-U-Sil5 and A9950) were 6-7% lower than the original certification or estimates reported in other comparisons. Crystallinity values obtained by XRD gave a good correlation with BET surface area measurements (r(2) = 0.91) but not with mean aerodynamic particle size (r(2) = 0.31). Subsamples of two of the materials (A9950 Respirable and Quin 1 Respirable) with smaller particle size distribution than their parent material did not show any significant change in their values for crystallinity, suggesting that the area XRD measurement of these materials within the particle size range collected is more dependent on how the quartz is formed geologically or how it is processed for use. A comparison of results from laboratories using the infrared (IR) and KBr disc method showed that this method is more dependent than XRD on differences in the particle size within the respirable size range, whereas the XRD values were more consistent between the different measurement values obtained on each material. It was not possible to assign a value for percentage purity to each material for users of IR analysis. This work suggests that differences are likely to exist between the results from XRD and IR analysis when measuring 'real' workplace samples and highlights the importance of matching the particle size of the calibration material to the particle size of the workplace dust for measurements of crystalline quartz. C1 [Stacey, Peter; Wake, Derrick] Hlth & Safety Lab, Buxton SK17 9JN, England. [Kauffer, Edmond; Moulut, Jean-Claude] Inst Natl Rech & Secur, F-54501 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Dion, Chantal; Beauparlant, Martin] Inst Rech Robert Sauve Sante & Secur Travail, Montreal, PQ H3A 3C2, Canada. [Fernandez, Pablo] Inst Nacl Silicosis, Oviedo 33006, Spain. [Key-Schwartz, Rosa] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Friede, Bernd] Elkem Mat R&D, N-4675 Kristiansand, Norway. RP Stacey, P (reprint author), Hlth & Safety Lab, Buxton SK17 9JN, England. EM Peter.Stacey@hsl.gov.uk FU United States Centres for Disease Control; Department for Health and Human Services FX Glen Mcconnachie for his IR KBr disc analyses at HSL, Alain Masson for his IR KBr disc analyses at INRS, Martin Roff at HSL for his advice on statistics, Claudette Dufresne for her collaboration in the collection of data by XRD at Institut de recherche 'Robert-Sauve' en sante et en securite du travail, and Peter Griffin at the Health and Safety Executive in the UK for his support in the preparation of this paper. The mention of company names does not constitute endorsement by the United States Centres for Disease Control, Department for Health and Human Services. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 53 IS 6 BP 639 EP 649 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mep038 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 483WE UT WOS:000269001100009 PM 19531809 ER PT J AU Kitchel, B Rasheed, JK Patel, JB Srinivasan, A Navon-Venezia, S Carmeli, Y Brolund, A Giske, CG AF Kitchel, Brandon Rasheed, J. Kamile Patel, Jean B. Srinivasan, Arjun Navon-Venezia, Shiri Carmeli, Yehuda Brolund, Alma Giske, Christian G. TI Molecular Epidemiology of KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in the United States: Clonal Expansion of Multilocus Sequence Type 258 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID HYDROLYZING BETA-LACTAMASE; CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT STRAIN; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; NEW-YORK; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; MEDICAL-CENTER; PLASMID; EMERGENCE; BROOKLYN; ISRAEL AB Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae have become more common in the United States and throughout the world. We used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to examine the molecular epidemiology of KPC-producing K. pneumoniae isolates sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for reference testing from 1996 to 2008. A dominant strain, sequence type 258 (ST 258), was found and likely accounts for 70% of the CDC's K. pneumoniae PFGE database. Isolates with PFGE patterns related to ST 258 were identified in 10 of the 19 U. S. states currently reporting KPC-producing K. pneumoniae, in addition to one isolate from Israel. KPC subtyping and analysis of the surrounding genetic environment were subsequently performed on 23 representative isolates. Thirteen isolates identified as ST 258 possessed either bla(KPC-2) or bla(KPC-3) and some variability in the Tn4401 element upstream of the bla(KPC) gene. Escherichia coli DH10B was successfully transformed by electroporation with KPC-encoding plasmid DNA from 20 of the 23 isolates. Restriction analysis of plasmid DNA prepared from transformants revealed a diversity of band patterns, suggesting the presence of different plasmids harboring the bla(KPC) gene, even among isolates of the same ST. C1 [Kitchel, Brandon; Rasheed, J. Kamile; Patel, Jean B.; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Navon-Venezia, Shiri; Carmeli, Yehuda] Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv Sourasky Med Ctr, Div Epidemiol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Brolund, Alma; Giske, Christian G.] Karolinska Univ Hosp Solna, Karolinska Inst, MTC, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Kitchel, B (reprint author), Mailstop G08,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bkitchel@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 268 Z9 276 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 53 IS 8 BP 3365 EP 3370 DI 10.1128/AAC.00126-09 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 471ZW UT WOS:000268098300027 PM 19506063 ER PT J AU Jadhao, SJ Nguyen, DC Uyeki, TM Shaw, M Maines, T Rowe, T Smith, C Huynh, LPT Nghiem, HK Nguyen, DHT Nguyen, HKL Nguyen, HHT Hoang, LT Nguyen, T Phuong, LS Klimov, A Tumpey, TM Cox, NJ Donis, RO Matsuoka, Y Katz, JM AF Jadhao, Samadhan J. Nguyen, Doan C. Uyeki, Timothy M. Shaw, Michael Maines, Taronna Rowe, Thomas Smith, Catherine Huynh, Lien P. T. Nghiem, Ha K. Nguyen, Diep H. T. Nguyen, Hang K. L. Nguyen, Hanh H. T. Hoang, Long T. Nguyen, Tung Phuong, Lien S. Klimov, Alexander Tumpey, Terrence M. Cox, Nancy J. Donis, Ruben O. Matsuoka, Yumiko Katz, Jacqueline M. TI Genetic analysis of avian influenza A viruses isolated from domestic waterfowl in live-bird markets of Hanoi, Vietnam, preceding fatal H5N1 human infections in 2004 SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY PATHOGENIC H5N1; HONG-KONG; MOLECULAR-BASIS; SOUTHERN CHINA; AMINO-ACID; NS1 GENE; HEMAGGLUTININ; EVOLUTION; POULTRY; ASIA AB The first known cases of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses in Vietnam occurred in late 2003. However, HPAI H5N1 and low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H5N2 and H9N3 viruses were isolated from domestic waterfowl during live-bird market (LBM) surveillance in Vietnam in 2001 and 2003. To understand the possible role of these early viruses in the genesis of H5N1 strains infecting people, we performed sequencing and molecular characterization. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the hemagglutinin (HA) genes of two geese HPAI H5N1 strains belonged to clade 3, and their surface glycoprotein and replication complex genes were most closely related (98.5-99.7% homologous) to A/duck/Guangxi/22/01 (H5N1) virus, detected contemporarily in southern China, whilst the M and NS genes were derived from an A/duck/Hong Kong/2986.1/00 (H5N1)-like virus. The H5 HA gene of the duck HPAI H5N1 strain belonged to clade 5 and acquired a gene constellation from A/quail/Shantou/3846/02 (H5N1), A/teal/China/2978.1/02 (H5N1) and A/partridge/Shantou/2286/03 (H5N1)-like viruses. The phylogenetic analysis further indicated that all eight gene segments of goose and duck HPAI H5N1 and LPAI H5N2 viruses were distinct from those of H5N1 clade-1 viruses known to have caused fatal human infections in Vietnam since late 2003. The duck H9N3 isolates derived genes from aquatic-bird influenza viruses, and their H9 HA belonged to the Korean lineage. The PB2 gene of A/duck/Vietnam/340/01 (H9N3) virus had lysine at position 627. Based on the molecular characterization of specific amino acid residues in the surface and relevant internal protein-coding genes, the Vietnamese H5N1 and H9N3 virus isolates indicated specificity to avian cell surface receptor and susceptibility for currently licensed anti-influenza A virus chemotherapeutics. Our findings suggest that the H5N1 and H5N2 viruses that circulated among geese and ducks in LBMs in Hanoi, Vietnam, during 2001 and 2003 were not the immediate ancestors of the clade-1 viruses associated with fatal human infections in Vietnam. The clade-1 HPAI H5N1 viruses were independently introduced into Vietnam. C1 [Jadhao, Samadhan J.; Nguyen, Doan C.; Uyeki, Timothy M.; Shaw, Michael; Maines, Taronna; Rowe, Thomas; Smith, Catherine; Klimov, Alexander; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Cox, Nancy J.; Donis, Ruben O.; Matsuoka, Yumiko; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Huynh, Lien P. T.; Nghiem, Ha K.; Nguyen, Hang K. L.; Nguyen, Hanh H. T.; Hoang, Long T.] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Nguyen, Diep H. T.; Nguyen, Tung; Phuong, Lien S.] Natl Ctr Vet Diag, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS-G16,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Samadhan.Jadhao@ars.usda.gov; RDonis@cdc.gov FU International Emerging Infectious Disease Fellowship at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology and National Center for Veterinary Diagnosis, Hanoi, Vietnam, for invaluable leadership in conducting of outbreak investigations. SJJ and DCN were supported by International Emerging Infectious Disease Fellowship at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories, USA. We thank P. Rivailler for sequence data annotation and management. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 154 IS 8 BP 1249 EP 1261 DI 10.1007/s00705-009-0429-2 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 492VA UT WOS:000269687400008 PM 19578928 ER PT J AU Costa, P Briggs, DJ Tumpey, A Dedmon, R Coutts, J AF Costa, Peter Briggs, Deborah J. Tumpey, Abbigail Dedmon, Robert Coutts, Jane TI World Rabies Day outreach to Asia: empowering people through education SO ASIAN BIOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Awareness; communication; education; rabies prevention; World Rabies Day ID DOGS AB In its first two years of implementation, (2007 and 2008), the World Rabies Day initiative has proven to be an extremely effective focal point around which to increase global educational awareness about how to prevent rabies. World Rabies Day has been endorsed by a multinational group of global stakeholders including international health organizations, national governments, educational institutions, NGOs and industry, as well as those individuals living at daily risk of exposure. In 2007, 75% of all reported participants in World Rabies Day activities came from Asian countries. In 2008, 22 Asian countries participated in World Rabies' Day activities and the number of animals reported to be vaccinated in association with World Rabies Day reached nearly 617,000 in Asia alone. Personal accounts from individual event coordinators demonstrated the dimensions of the growing campaign throughout Asia. The manuscript will provide a review of outreach conducted to the continent of Asia for the first two World Rabies Day initiatives. C1 [Costa, Peter; Briggs, Deborah J.; Dedmon, Robert; Coutts, Jane] Alliance Rabies Control, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Costa, Peter; Briggs, Deborah J.; Dedmon, Robert; Coutts, Jane] Global Alliance Rabies Control, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Briggs, Deborah J.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Tumpey, Abbigail] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30017 USA. [Dedmon, Robert] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. RP Costa, P (reprint author), 65 Eagle Stone Ridge, Youngsville, NC 27596 USA. EM peter.costa@worldrabiesday.org NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU CHULALONGKORN UNIV, FAC MED PI BANGKOK PA CHULALONGKORN UNIV, FAC MED, 1873, RAMA 4, BANGKOK, 10330, THAILAND SN 1905-7415 J9 ASIAN BIOMED JI Asian Biomed. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 3 IS 4 BP 451 EP 457 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 488TS UT WOS:000269373600014 ER PT J AU Rigsby, P Ison, C Brierley, M Ballard, R Hagedorn, HJ Lewis, DA Notermans, DW Riis, J Robertson, P Seppala, IJT Rijpkema, S AF Rigsby, Peter Ison, Catherine Brierley, Matthew Ballard, Ron Hagedorn, Hans-Jochen Lewis, David A. Notermans, Daan W. Riis, Jorn Robertson, Peter Seppala, Ilkka J. T. Rijpkema, Sjoerd TI Evaluation of two human plasma pools as candidate international standard preparations for syphilitic antibodies SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Syphilis; Serodiagnosis; Antibodies; International standard preparations ID PROGRAM AB A collaborative study was designed to asses two freeze-dried human plasma preparations containing anti-Treponema pallidum antibodies, 051 132 and 05/122, for their suitability as international reference reagents for syphilis serology. Both preparations are intended as replacements of the first international standard (IS) for syphilitic serum antibodies (HS). Samples were tested by eight laboratories using the T. pallidum passive particle agglutination assay (TPPA), the venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL) and the rapid plasma reagin test (RPR). In addition a range of immunoassays was also used. The outcome of the collaborative study revealed that candidate standard 05/132 contains T. pallidum-specific IgG and IgM and is reactive in VDRL or RPR, and that 05/122 contains T. pallidum-specific IgG but is not reactive in either the VDRL or RPR test. Both 05/132 and 05/122 are reactive in the TPPA. On the basis of these results the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization of the World Health Organization designated 05/132 as the 1st IS for human syphilitic plasma IgG and IgM with a unitage of 3 IU per ampoule relative to HS and 05/122 as the 1st IS for human syphilitic plasma IgG with a unitage of 300 mIU per ampoule relative to 05/132. (C) 2009 The International Association for Biologicals. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rijpkema, Sjoerd] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Div Bacteriol, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, Herts, England. [Rigsby, Peter; Brierley, Matthew] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Biostat Sect, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, Herts, England. [Ison, Catherine] Ctr Infect, Hlth Protect Agcy, Sexually Transmitted Bacteria Reference Lab, Colindale, England. [Ballard, Ron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Reference, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ballard, Ron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res Branch, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hagedorn, Hans-Jochen] Lab Dr Krone & Partner, Bad Salzuflen, Germany. [Lewis, David A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis NHLS, Sexually Transmitted Infect Reference Ctr, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Notermans, Daan W.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Diagnost Lab Infect Dis, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Riis, Jorn] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Clin Biochem, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Robertson, Peter] Prince Wales Hosp, SEALS Area Serol Lab, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. [Seppala, Ilkka J. T.] Helsinki Univ Hosp, Immunol Unit, HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland. [Notermans, Daan W.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Perinatal Screening Ctr Infect Dis Control, Bilthoven, Netherlands. RP Rijpkema, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Div Bacteriol, Blanche Lane, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, Herts, England. EM sfijpkema@nibsc.ac.uk NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD AUG PY 2009 VL 37 IS 4 BP 245 EP 251 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2009.03.002 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 495ZO UT WOS:000269936400007 PM 19375942 ER PT J AU Grillet, ME Martinez, JE Barrera, R AF Grillet, Maria-Eugenia Eudes Martinez, Juan Barrera, Roberto TI Malaria hot spot areas: Implications for effective and targeted interventions in Venezuela SO BOLETIN DE MALARIOLOGIA Y SALUD AMBIENTAL LA Spanish DT Article DE heterogeneity; local spatial dependency; spatial epidemiology; Plasmodium vivax; Venezuela ID SPATIAL-PATTERNS; NORTHEASTERN VENEZUELA; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; ANOPHELES-AQUASALIS; SUCRE STATE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DYNAMICS; TRANSMISSION; CULICIDAE; CLUSTERS AB This study describes the temporal and spatial pattern of malaria in northeastern Venezuela during a 12 year period in order to detect hot spots or areas of high Plasmodium vivax incidence. The underlying hypothesis is that malaria transmission is highly heterogeneous and rather local in nature, consequently, the infectious risk is not homogeneous in the landscape. Clustering of disease in two geographical areas (Cajigal and Benitez municipalities) within the Sucre state were detected by Kulldorff scan statistic, with a 8.9-fold increased risk of malaria inside the cluster, as compared to outside the area (P < 0.001, all 12 years). One-twelve hot spots of malaria transmission were detected both in epidemic and non-epidemic years in these two regions using the local Getis (P < 0.05). Hot spots accounted for 67 - 90% of parasite transmission in each municipality. The spatial extent or scale of the malaria process around each hot spot varied between 1-5 km. Non-focalized control strategy has reduced the malaria incidence in the region, but transmission remains in persistent foci that are potential sources of outbreaks and spreading of P. vivax to other areas within the Sucre state. This study exemplifies the importance of stratifying the spatial risk of disease for an efficient and more effective control of malaria transmission in northeastern Venezuela. C1 [Grillet, Maria-Eugenia; Eudes Martinez, Juan] Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias, Inst Zool & Ecol Trop, Lab Biol Vectores, Caracas 1041A, Venezuela. [Barrera, Roberto] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne & Infect Dis, San Juan, PR USA. RP Grillet, ME (reprint author), Cent Univ Venezuela, Fac Ciencias, Inst Zool & Ecol Trop, Lab Biol Vectores, Apartado Postal 47072, Caracas 1041A, Venezuela. EM maria.grillet@ciens.ucv.ve NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST ALTOS ESTUDIOS, DR ARNOLDO GABOLDON PI MARACAY PA APARTADO POSTAL 2442, MARACAY, ZP 2101, VENEZUELA SN 1690-4648 J9 B MALARIOL SALUD AMB JI Bol. Malar. Salud. Ambient. PD AUG-DEC PY 2009 VL 49 IS 2 BP 193 EP 208 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology GA 595NC UT WOS:000277616600004 ER PT J AU Ma, HY Wang, YP Sullivan-Halley, J Weiss, L Burkman, RT Simon, MS Malone, KE Strom, BL Ursin, G Marchbanks, PA McDonald, JA Spirtas, R Press, MF Bernstein, L AF Ma, Huiyan Wang, Yaping Sullivan-Halley, Jane Weiss, Linda Burkman, Ronald T. Simon, Michael S. Malone, Kathleen E. Strom, Brian L. Ursin, Giske Marchbanks, Polly A. McDonald, Jill A. Spirtas, Robert Press, Michael F. Bernstein, Leslie TI Breast Cancer Receptor Status: Do Results from a Centralized Pathology Laboratory Agree with SEER Registry Reports? SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; HORMONE-RECEPTOR; RISK-FACTORS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; WOMEN; AGE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LOCALIZATION; ESTROPHILIN AB We investigated the extent to which estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status results from a centralized pathology laboratory agree with ER and PR results from community pathology laboratories reported to two Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registries (Los Angeles County and Detroit) and whether statistical estimates for the association between reproductive factors and breast cancer receptor subtypes differ by the source of data. The agreement between the centralized laboratory and SEER registry classifications was substantial for ER (kappa = 0.70) and nearly so for PR status (kappa = 0.60). Among the four subtypes defined by joint ER and PR status, the agreement between the two sources was substantial for the two major breast cancer subtypes (ER-/PR-, kappa = 0.69; ER+/PR+, kappa = 0.62) and poor for the two rarer subtypes (ER+/PR-, kappa = 0.30; ER-/PR+, kappa = 0.05). Estimates for the association between reproductive factors (number of full-term pregnancies, age at first full-term pregnancy, and duration of breastfeeding) and the two major subtypes (ER+/PR+ and ER-/PR-) differed minimally between the two sources of data. For example, parous women with at least four full-term pregnancies had 40% lower risk for ER+/PR+ breast cancer than women who had never been pregnant [centralized laboratory, odds ratio, 0.60 (95% confidence interval, 0.39-0.92); SEER, odds ratio, 0.57 (95% confidence interval, 0.38-0.85)]; no association was observed for ER-/PR- breast cancer (both P(trend) > 0.30). Our results suggest that conclusions based on SEER registry data are reasonably reliable for ER+/PR+ and ER-/PR- subtypes. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(8):2214-20) C1 [Ma, Huiyan; Sullivan-Halley, Jane; Bernstein, Leslie] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Populat Sci, Div Canc Etiol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Wang, Yaping; Bernstein, Leslie] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Press, Michael F.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Marchbanks, Polly A.; McDonald, Jill A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Burkman, Ronald T.] Baystate Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Springfield, MA USA. [Simon, Michael S.] Wayne State Univ, Karmanos Canc Inst, Div Hematol Oncol, Detroit, MI USA. [Malone, Kathleen E.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Strom, Brian L.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ursin, Giske] Univ Oslo, Dept Nutr, Oslo, Norway. [Weiss, Linda] NCI, Canc Ctr Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Spirtas, Robert] NICHD, Contracept & Reprod Hlth Branch, Populat Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Bernstein, L (reprint author), City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Populat Sci, Div Canc Etiol, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. EM LBernstein@coh.org FU National Institute for Child Health and Human Development [NO1-HD-3-3175]; National Cancer Institute [CA48780]; Emory University [N01-HD-3-3168]; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [N01-HD-2-3166]; Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University [N01-HD-3-3174]; University of Pennsylvania [NO1-HD-3-3276]; University of Southern California [N01-HD-3-3175]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Y01-HD-7022]; California Department of Health Services [103885]; [N01-PC-67006]; [N01-CN-65064]; [N01-PC-67010]; [N01-CN-0532] FX Grant support: Contract from the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NO1-HD-3-3175) and a grant from the National Cancer Institute (CA48780); data collection for the Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences study supported by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and National Cancer Institute, NIH, through contracts with Emory University (N01-HD-3-3168), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (N01-HD-2-3166), Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University (N01-HD-3-3174), University of Pennsylvania (NO1-HD-3-3276), and University of Southern California (N01-HD-3-3175), and interagency agreement with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Y01-HD-7022); collection of cancer incidence data in Los Angeles County by University of Southern California supported by California Department of Health Services as part of statewide cancer reporting program mandated by California Health and Safety Code, Section 103885; and support for the use of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries through contracts N01-PC-67006 (Atlanta), N01-CN-65064 (Detroit), N01-PC-67010 (Los Angeles), and N01-CN-0532 (Seattle). NR 36 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 IS 8 BP 2214 EP 2220 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0301 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 483IW UT WOS:000268958600011 PM 19661080 ER PT J AU Kelvin, EA Edwards, S Jedrychowski, W Schleicher, RL Camann, D Tang, DL Pereral, FP AF Kelvin, Elizabeth A. Edwards, Susan Jedrychowski, Wieslaw Schleicher, Rosemary L. Camann, David Tang, Deliang Pereral, Frederica P. TI Modulation of the Effect of Prenatal PAH Exposure on PAH-DNA Adducts in Cord Blood by Plasma Antioxidants SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; BIRTH OUTCOMES; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; BETA-CAROTENE; FETAL-GROWTH; LUNG-CANCER; DAMAGE; RISK; BIOMARKERS AB The fetus is more susceptible than the adult to the effects of certain carcinogens, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Nutritional factors, including antioxidants, have been shown to have a protective effect on carcinogen-DNA adducts and cancer risk in adults. We investigated whether the effect of prenatal airborne PAH exposure, measured by personal air monitoring during pregnancy, on the level of PAH-DNA adducts in a baby's cord blood is modified by the concentration of micronutrients in maternal and cord blood. The micronutrients examined were: retinol (vitamin A), alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol (vitamin E), and carotenoids. With the use of multiple linear regression, we found a significant interaction between prenatal PAH exposure and cord blood concentration of alpha-tocopherol and carotenoids in predicting the concentration of PAH adducts in cord blood. The association between PAH exposure and PAH adducts was much stronger among those with low alpha-tocopherol (beta = 0.15; P = 0.001) and among those with low carotenoids (beta = 0.16; P < 0.001) compared with babies with high levels of these micronutrients (among those with high alpha-tocopherol: beta = 0.05; P = 0.165; among those with high carotenoids: beta = 0.06; P = 0.111). These results suggest a protective effect of micronutrients on the DNA damage and potential cancer risk associated with prenatal PAH exposure. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers, Prev 2009;18(8):2262-8) C1 [Kelvin, Elizabeth A.; Edwards, Susan; Tang, Deliang; Pereral, Frederica P.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, Data Coordinating Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Jedrychowski, Wieslaw] Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Krakow, Poland. [Schleicher, Rosemary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Camann, David] SW Res Inst, Dept Analyt & Environm Chem, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Pereral, FP (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, 25F Tower 3,100 Haven Ave, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM fpp1@columbia.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [5 RO1 ES10165, 02/01/00-01/31/04]; Gladys and Roland Harriman Foundation FX Grant support: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant 5 RO1 ES10165 entitled "Vulnerability of the Fetus/Infant to PAH, PM2.5 and ETS" (02/01/00-01/31/04), and the Gladys and Roland Harriman Foundation. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 IS 8 BP 2262 EP 2268 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0316 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 483IW UT WOS:000268958600018 PM 19661084 ER PT J AU Fishman, JA Strong, DM Kuehnert, MJ AF Fishman, Jay A. Strong, D. Michael Kuehnert, Matthew J. TI Organ and tissue safety workshop 2007: advances and challenges SO CELL AND TISSUE BANKING LA English DT Article DE Transplantation; Infectious disease transmission; Tissue; Organs; Cornea; Adverse events; Surveillance ID TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; DONOR; TRANSMISSION; ALLOGRAFT; DISEASE; HCV AB A workshop in June 2005 ("Preventing Organ and Tissue Allograft-Transmitted Infection: Priorities for Public Health Intervention") identified gaps in organ and tissue safety in the US. Participants developed a series of allograft safety initiatives. "The Organ and Tissue Safety Workshop 2007: Advances and Challenges" assessed progress and identified priorities for future interventions. Awareness of the challenges of allograft-associated disease transmission has increased. The Transplantation Transmission Sentinel Network will enhance communication surrounding allograft-associated disease transmission. Other patient safety initiatives have focused on adverse event reporting and microbiologic screening technologies. Despite progress, improved recognition and prevention of donor-derived transmission events is needed. This requires systems integration across the organ and tissue transplantation communities including organ procurement organizations, eye and tissue banks, and transplant infectious disease experts. Commitment of resources and improved coordination of efforts are required to develop essential tools to enhance safety for allograft recipients. C1 [Fishman, Jay A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Transplant Infect Dis Program, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Strong, D. Michael] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed & Sports Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Strong, D. Michael] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kuehnert, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fishman, JA (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Transplant Infect Dis Program, 55 Fruit St,GRJ 504, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM jfishman@partners.org NR 37 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9333 J9 CELL TISSUE BANK JI Cell Tissue Banking PD AUG PY 2009 VL 10 IS 3 BP 271 EP 280 DI 10.1007/s10561-008-9114-z PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Engineering, Biomedical SC Cell Biology; Engineering GA 470TF UT WOS:000268002600012 PM 19016348 ER PT J AU Hong, YL AF Hong, Yuling TI Burden of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia: Big Challenges and Ample Opportunities for Action and Making a Difference SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hong, YL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE MS K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yhong1@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 55 IS 8 BP 1450 EP 1452 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2009.125369 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 477ZM UT WOS:000268557500002 PM 19498049 ER PT J AU Wong, D Wild, MA Walburger, MA Higgins, CL Callahan, M Czarnecki, LA Lawaczeck, EW Levy, CE Patterson, JG Sunenshine, R Adem, P Paddock, CD Zaki, SR Petersen, JM Schriefer, ME Eisen, RJ Gage, KL Griffith, KS Weber, IB Spraker, TR Mead, PS AF Wong, David Wild, Margaret A. Walburger, Matthew A. Higgins, Charles L. Callahan, Michael Czarnecki, Lawrence A. Lawaczeck, Elisabeth W. Levy, Craig E. Patterson, J. Gage Sunenshine, Rebecca Adem, Patricia Paddock, Christopher D. Zaki, Sherif R. Petersen, Jeannine M. Schriefer, Martin E. Eisen, Rebecca J. Gage, Kenneth L. Griffith, Kevin S. Weber, Ingrid B. Spraker, Terry R. Mead, Paul S. TI Primary Pneumonic Plague Contracted from a Mountain Lion Carcass SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID YERSINIA-PESTIS; BUBONIC PLAGUE; EXPOSURE; CATS; TRANSMISSION AB Background. Primary pneumonic plague is a rare but often fatal form of Yersinia pestis infection that results from direct inhalation of bacteria and is potentially transmissible from person to person. We describe a case of primary pneumonic plague in a wildlife biologist who was found deceased in his residence 1 week after conducting a necropsy on a mountain lion. Methods. To determine cause of death, a postmortem examination was conducted, and friends and colleagues were interviewed. Physical evidence was reviewed, including specimens from the mountain lion and the biologist's medical chart, camera, and computer. Human and animal tissues were submitted for testing. Persons in close contact (within 2 meters) to the biologist after he had developed symptoms were identified and offered chemoprophylaxis. Results. The biologist conducted the necropsy in his garage without the use of personal protective equipment. Three days later, he developed fever and hemoptysis and died similar to 6 days after exposure. Gross examination showed consolidation and hemorrhagic fluid in the lungs; no buboes were noted. Plague was diagnosed presumptively by polymerase chain reaction and confirmed by culture. Tissues from the mountain lion tested positive for Y. pestis, and isolates from the biologist and mountain lion were indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Among 49 contacts who received chemoprophylaxis, none developed symptoms consistent with plague. Conclusions. The biologist likely acquired pneumonic plague through inhalation of aerosols generated during postmortem examination of an infected mountain lion. Enhanced awareness of zoonotic diseases and appropriate use of personal protective equipment are needed for biologists and others who handle wildlife. C1 [Wong, David] Natl Pk Serv, Off Publ Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Walburger, Matthew A.] Natl Pk Serv, Off Publ Hlth, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Callahan, Michael; Czarnecki, Lawrence A.] Coconino Cty Hlth Dept, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Lawaczeck, Elisabeth W.; Levy, Craig E.; Patterson, J. Gage; Sunenshine, Rebecca] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Petersen, Jeannine M.; Schriefer, Martin E.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Gage, Kenneth L.; Griffith, Kevin S.; Weber, Ingrid B.; Mead, Paul S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Spraker, Terry R.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Higgins, Charles L.] Natl Pk Serv, Off Publ Hlth, Washington, DC 20240 USA. [Sunenshine, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergen, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adem, Patricia; Paddock, Christopher D.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wong, D (reprint author), 801 Vassar Dr NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM david_wong@nps.gov NR 29 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 49 IS 3 BP E33 EP E38 DI 10.1086/600818 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 468LK UT WOS:000267819700037 PM 19555287 ER PT J AU Schwartz, SB Thurman, KA Mitchell, SL Wolff, BJ Winchell, JM AF Schwartz, S. B. Thurman, K. A. Mitchell, S. L. Wolff, B. J. Winchell, J. M. TI Genotyping of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates using real-time PCR and high-resolution melt analysis SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Genomic typing; genotyping; high-resolution melt; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; real-time PCR; subtyping ID P1 CYTADHESIN GENE; CURVE ANALYSIS; STRAINS; POLYMORPHISM; INFECTIONS; GENOME; JAPAN AB Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important respiratory pathogen, accounting for up to 25% of community-acquired pneumonia, and is a common cause of hospitalized pneumonia in otherwise healthy adults and children. Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates can be classified into two main genomic groups (type 1 and type 2) based on sequence variation within the gene encoding the major adhesion molecule P1. Although numerous publications have described real-time PCR assays for the detection of M. pneumoniae, none has been able to discriminate the two genomic types. Here, a real-time PCR assay that can distinguish each type of M. pneumoniae utilizing high-resolution melt-curve analysis is reported. Using this method, 102 isolates obtained from patients from 1965 to the present, including those from recent outbreaks, were typed along with reference strains M129 (type 1) and FH (type 2). The results show that 55 isolates (54%) can be classified as type 1 and 47 isolates (46%) as type 2, and 100% correlation was demonstrated when compared with a standard PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism typing procedure. Typing of isolates obtained from recent outbreaks in the USA has revealed the presence of both types. This assay provides a rapid, reliable and convenient method for typing M. pneumoniae isolates and may be useful for surveillance purposes and epidemiological investigations, and may provide insight into the biology of M. pneumoniae distribution within populations. C1 [Schwartz, S. B.; Thurman, K. A.; Mitchell, S. L.; Wolff, B. J.; Winchell, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Winchell, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwinchell@cdc.gov FU government of the USA FX This work was supported in full by the government of the USA. The authors declare no dual or conflicting interests. NR 24 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 756 EP 762 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02814.x PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 484YH UT WOS:000269086200011 PM 19392882 ER PT J AU Rosen, DH Johnson, S Kebaabetswe, P Thigpen, M Smith, DK AF Rosen, Daniel H. Johnson, Sandra Kebaabetswe, Poloko Thigpen, Michael Smith, Dawn K. TI Process maps in clinical trial quality assurance SO CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article ID PROCESS IMPROVEMENT AB Background A process map is a diagram showing the sequential steps and decisions used to accomplish a procedure from start to finish. Process maps are a standard tool in continuous improvement efforts. They have not been used routinely in clinical trials although they are well suited to display trial processes. Purpose We present the use of process maps as a tool to visualize and to monitor the correctness of trial work flows. We show that process maps can be used to assure that trial processes are conducted according to the SOP. Methods We describe how a process map is made. We then derive process maps from two sources: the SOP and trial procedures as currently implemented. We compare these maps to each other, using the SOP maps as the gold standard, to check that work is done according to the written procedures. Results Eight process maps were produced from each source. 172 differences were found between the SOP maps and the walkthrough maps. Differences included the addition of extra steps, order errors, step mistakes, and ambiguities. Limitations These process maps focused only on clinic procedures, so interactions with other trial components were not considered. The maps were made after the trial started, which may have biased their content and use. Conclusion Process maps are a simple tool to check if clinical trial processes are operating as designed and offer an effective means to identify and correct such divergences. Further research should focus on using process maps in the design phase of trials, analyzing the cost to benefit ratio for process maps, and linking the analysis of the process map to monitor queries to quantify the improvement gained from using this technique. Clinical Trials 2009;6:373-377.http://ctj.sagepub.com C1 [Rosen, Daniel H.] CDC, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johnson, Sandra; Kebaabetswe, Poloko; Thigpen, Michael; Smith, Dawn K.] BOTUSA, CDC, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Rosen, DH (reprint author), CDC, Global AIDS Program, CDC GAP 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM drosen@psi.org NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1740-7745 J9 CLIN TRIALS JI Clin. Trials PD AUG PY 2009 VL 6 IS 4 BP 373 EP 377 DI 10.1177/1740774509338429 PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 481UD UT WOS:000268836600008 PM 19625329 ER PT J AU Graham, LF Braithwaite, K Spikes, P Stephens, CF Edu, UF AF Graham, Louis F. Braithwaite, Kisha Spikes, Pilgrim Stephens, Charles F. Edu, Ugo F. TI Exploring the Mental Health of Black Men Who Have Sex with Men SO COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 78th Annual Meeting and Conference of the Georgia-Public-Health-Association/Our Common Welfare - MSM Health and Wellness Summit CY 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Georgia Public Hlth Assoc DE Depression; Anxiety; Men who have sex with men (MSM); Gay; Black ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; BISEXUAL MEN; PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION; IDENTITY FORMATION; RISK BEHAVIORS; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; UNITED-STATES; ABUSE; GAY; DEPRESSION AB Current research indicates that black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately burdened by depressive distress and anxiety disorders as compared to their white gay and heterosexual counterparts. This study utilizes focus groups to qualitatively explore issues surrounding the mental health status of this population in an attempt to shed light on potential influencing and determinant factors. Twenty-two self-identified black, or multi-racial including black, MSM residing in Atlanta, Georgia participated in two focus groups-11 subjects each, respectively. Categories that emerged from data analysis include: knowledge/experiences, attitudes/beliefs, societal action/behavior, identity development, relationship functionality, and mental health status. Overarching themes for each category were delineated. C1 [Graham, Louis F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Publ Hlth Educ, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. [Braithwaite, Kisha; Edu, Ugo F.] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Spikes, Pilgrim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stephens, Charles F.] AID Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. RP Graham, LF (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Publ Hlth Educ, 437 HHP Bldg, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. EM lfgraham@uncg.edu NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-3853 J9 COMMUNITY MENT HLT J JI Community Ment. Health J. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 45 IS 4 BP 272 EP 284 DI 10.1007/s10597-009-9186-7 PG 13 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 477HZ UT WOS:000268511300007 PM 19291399 ER PT J AU Saydah, S Tao, M Imperatore, G Gregg, E AF Saydah, Sharon Tao, Min Imperatore, Giuseppina Gregg, Edward TI GHb Level and Subsequent Mortality Among Adults in the US SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 68th Annual Meeting of the American-Diabetes-Association CY JUN 06-10, 2008 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Diabet Assoc ID AMERICAN-DIABETES-ASSOCIATION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; GLUCOSE; POPULATION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; METAANALYSIS; NORFOLK; CANCER; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE - To examine the association of hyperglycemia, as measured by GHb, with subsequent mortality in a nationally representative sample of adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We included adults aged >= 20 years who participated in Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994) and had complete information, including baseline diabetes status by self-report and measured GHb (n = 19,025) and follow-up through the end of 2000 for mortality. RESULTS - In the overall population, higher levels of GHb were associated with increased risk of mortality from all causes, heart disease, and cancer. After adjustment for potential risk factors, the relative hazard (RH) for adults with GHb >= 8% compared with adults with GHb <6% was 2.59 (95% CI 1.88-3.56) for all-cause mortality, 3.38 (1.98-5.77) for heart disease mortality, and 2.64 (1.17-5.97) for cancer mortality. Among a adults with diagnosed diabetes, having GHb >= 8% compared with GHb <6% was associated with higher all-cause mortality (RH 1.68, 95% Cl 7.03-2.74) and heart disease mortality (2.48, 1.09-5.64), but there was no increased risk of cancer mortality by GHb category. Among adults without diagnosed diabetes, there was no significant association of all-cause, heart disease, or cancer mortality and GHb category. CONCLUSIONS - These results highlight the importance of GHb levels in mortality risk among a nationally representative sample of adults with and without diagnosed diabetes and indicate that higher levels are associated with increased mortality in adults with diabetes. C1 [Saydah, Sharon; Imperatore, Giuseppina; Gregg, Edward] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tao, Min] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Saydah, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssaydah@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 EI 1935-5548 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 2009 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1440 EP 1446 DI 10.2337/dc09-0117 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 479UX UT WOS:000268687800017 PM 19401445 ER PT J AU Wu, XF Hu, RL Zhang, YZ Dong, GM Rupprecht, CE AF Wu, Xianfu Hu, Rongliang Zhang, Yongzhen Dong, Guanmu Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Reemerging Rabies and Lack of Systemic Surveillance in People's Republic of China SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; VIRUS; DOGS; CARRIER; VACCINATION; BENEFITS; ANTIBODY; DISEASE AB Rabies is a reemerging disease in China. The high incidence of rabies leads to numerous concerns: a potential carrier-dog phenomenon, undocumented transmission of rabies virus from wildlife to dogs, counterfeit vaccines, vaccine mismatching, and seroconversion testing in patients after their completion of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). These concerns are all scientifically arguable given a modern understanding of rabies. Rabies reemerges periodically in China because of high dog population density and low vaccination coverage in dogs. Mass vaccination campaigns rather than depopulation of dogs should be a long-term goal for rabies control. Seroconversion testing after vaccination is not necessary in either humans or animals. Human PEP should be initiated on the basis of diagnosis of biting animals. Reliable national systemic surveillance of rabies-related human deaths and of animal rabies prevalence is urgently needed. A laboratory diagnosis-based epidemiologic surveillance system can provide substantial information about disease transmission and effective prevention strategies. C1 [Wu, Xianfu; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hu, Rongliang] Acad Mil Med Sci, Changchun, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yongzhen] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Dong, Guanmu] Natl Inst Control Pharmaceut & Biol Prod, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Wu, XF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xaw6@cdc.gov RI Zhang, YZ/H-8101-2013 NR 38 TC 37 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 15 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1159 EP 1164 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081426 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100001 PM 19751575 ER PT J AU Sterner, RT Meltzer, MI Shwiff, SA Slate, D AF Sterner, Ray T. Meltzer, Martin I. Shwiff, Stephanie A. Slate, Dennis TI Tactics and Economics of Wildlife Oral Rabies Vaccination, Canada and the United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC VETERINARY-MEDICINE; RACCOON RABIES; VARIANT RABIES; RED FOXES; ELIMINATION; ONTARIO; COYOTES; PROGRAM; HEALTH; COSTS AB Progressive elimination of rabies in wildlife has been a general strategy in Canada and the United States; common campaign tactics are trap-vaccinate-release (TVR), point infection control (PIC), and oral rabies vaccination (ORV). TVR and PIC are labor intensive and the most expensive tactics per unit area (approximate to$616/km(2) (in 2008 Can$, converted from the reported $450/km(2) in 1991 Can$] and approximate to$612/km(2) [$500/km(2) in 1999 Can$], respectively), but these tactics have proven crucial to elimination of raccoon rabies in Canada and to maintenance of ORV zones for preventing the spread of raccoon rabies in the United States. Economic assessments have shown that during rabies epizootics, costs of human postexposure prophylaxis, pet vaccination, public health, and animal control spike. Modeling studies, involving diverse assumptions, have shown that ORV programs can be cost-efficient and yield benefit:cost ratios >1.0. C1 [Sterner, Ray T.] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Meltzer, Martin I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Slate, Dennis] USDA, Concord, NH USA. RP Sterner, RT (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ray.t.sterner@aphis.usda.gov NR 37 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 24 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1176 EP 1184 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081061 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100004 PM 19757549 ER PT J AU Datta, K Bartlett, KH Baer, R Byrnes, E Galanis, E Heitman, J Hoang, L Leslie, MJ MacDougall, L Magill, SS Morshed, MG Marr, KA AF Datta, Kausik Bartlett, Karen H. Baer, Rebecca Byrnes, Edmond Galanis, Eleni Heitman, Joseph Hoang, Linda Leslie, Mira J. MacDougall, Laura Magill, Shelley S. Morshed, Muhammad G. Marr, Kieren A. CA Cryptococcus Gattii Working Grp TI Spread of Cryptococcus gattii into Pacific Northwest Region of the United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VANCOUVER-ISLAND OUTBREAK; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SEROTYPE-C; NEOFORMANS; INFECTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CANADA; AIDS; RECOMBINATION; ASSOCIATION AB Cryptococcus gattii has emerged as a human and animal pathogen in the Pacific Northwest. First recognized on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, it now involves mainland British Columbia, and Washington and Oregon in the United States. In Canada, the incidence of disease has been one of the highest worldwide. In the United States, lack of cryptococcal species identification and case surveillance limit our knowledge of C. gattii epidemiology. Infections in the Pacific Northwest are caused by multiple genotypes, but the major strain is genetically novel and may have emerged recently in association with unique mating or environmental changes. C. gattii disease affects immunocompromised and immunocompetent persons, causing substantial illness and death. Successful management requires an aggressive medical and surgical approach and consideration of potentially variable antifungal drug susceptibilities. We summarize the study results of a group of investigators and review current knowledge with the goal of increasing awareness and highlighting areas where further knowledge is required. C1 [Marr, Kieren A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Bartlett, Karen H.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Baer, Rebecca] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. [Byrnes, Edmond; Heitman, Joseph] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Galanis, Eleni; Hoang, Linda; MacDougall, Laura; Morshed, Muhammad G.] British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Leslie, Mira J.] British Columbia Minist Agr & Lands, Abbotsford, BC, Canada. [Magill, Shelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marr, KA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, 720 Rutland Ave,Ross Res Bldg,Rm 1064, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM kmarr4@jhmi.edu RI Kidd, Sarah/A-1731-2009; Datta, Kausik/A-2879-2016 OI Kidd, Sarah/0000-0002-5957-4178; Datta, Kausik/0000-0001-8666-143X NR 40 TC 120 Z9 125 U1 2 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1185 EP 1191 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081384 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100005 PM 19757550 ER PT J AU Tao, XY Tang, Q Li, H Mo, ZJ Zhang, H Wang, DM Zhang, Q Song, M Velasco-Villa, A Wu, XF Rupprecht, CE Liang, GD AF Tao, Xiao-Yan Tang, Qing Li, Hao Mo, Zhao-Jun Zhang, Hong Wang, Ding-Ming Zhang, Qiang Song, Miao Velasco-Villa, Andres Wu, Xianfu Rupprecht, Charles E. Liang, Guo-Dong TI Molecular Epidemiology of Rabies in Southern People's Republic of China SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; VIRUS; DOGS; THAILAND; QUALITY; GENE AB In recent years, the number of human rabies cases in the People's Republic of China has increased during severe epidemics in 3 southern provinces (Guizhou, Guangxi, and Hunan). To analyze the causes of the high incidence of human rabies in this region, during 2005-2007, we collected 2,887 brain specimens from apparently healthy domestic dogs used for meat consumption in restaurants, 4 specimens from suspected rabid dogs, and 3 from humans with rabies in the 3 provinces. Partial nucleoprotein gene sequences were obtained from rabies-positive specimens. Phylogenetic relationships and distribution of viruses were determined. We infer that the spread of rabies viruses from high-incidence regions, particularly by long-distance movement or transprovincial translocation of dogs caused by human-related activities, may be 1 cause of the recent massive human rabies epidemics in southern China. C1 [Tang, Qing] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Beijing 100052, Peoples R China. [Mo, Zhao-Jun] Guangxi Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nanning, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Hong] Hunan Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Wang, Ding-Ming] Guizhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Guiyang, Peoples R China. [Velasco-Villa, Andres; Wu, Xianfu; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tang, Q (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, 100 Ying Xin St, Beijing 100052, Peoples R China. EM qtang04@sina.com FU National 863 Program [SQ2006AA02Z112882]; Key Project of National Nature Science Foundation of China [30630049] FX We thank Kaijiao ZhOLI, Yi Tan, Jinzhu Zhou, Chun Yu, YLmzhi Liu, and Defang Dai for specimen collection and diagnosis; and Michael Niezgoda and Lilian Orciari for rabies training and technology transfer to China.; This study was supported by National 863 Program (grant no. SQ2006AA02Z112882) and the Key Project of National Nature Science Foundation of China (grant no. 30630049). NR 34 TC 20 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1192 EP 1198 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081551 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100006 PM 19751579 ER PT J AU Luby, SP Hossain, MJ Gurley, ES Ahmed, BN Banu, S Khan, SU Homaira, N Rota, PA Rollin, PE Comer, JA Kenah, E Ksiazek, TG Rahman, M AF Luby, Stephen P. Hossain, M. Jahangir Gurley, Emily S. Ahmed, Be-Nazir Banu, Shakila Khan, Salah Uddin Homaira, Nusrat Rota, Paul A. Rollin, Pierre E. Comer, James A. Kenah, Eben Ksiazek, Thomas G. Rahman, Mahmudur TI Recurrent Zoonotic Transmission of Nipah Virus into Humans, Bangladesh, 2001-2007 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSIBILITY; HENIPAVIRUS INFECTION; PTEROPUS-GIGANTEUS; FLYING-FOXES; RISK-FACTORS; FRUIT BATS; ENCEPHALITIS; OUTBREAK; MALAYSIA AB Human Nipah outbreaks recur in a specific region and time of year in Bangladesh. Fruit bats are the reservoir host for Nipah virus. We identified 23 introductions of Nipah virus into human populations in central and northwestern Bangladesh from 2001 through 2007. Ten introductions affected multiple persons (median 10). Illness onset occurred from December through May but not every year. We identified 122 cases of human Nipah infection. The mean age of case-patients was 27 years; 87 (71%) died. In 62 (51%) Nipah virus-infected patients, illness developed 5-15 days after close contact with another Nipah case-patient. Nine (7%) Nipah case-patients transmitted virus to others. Nipah case-patients who had difficulty breathing were more likely than those without respiratory difficulty to transmit Nipah (12% vs. 0%, p = 0.03). Although a small minority of infected patients transmit Nipah virus, more than half of identified cases result from person-to-person transmission. Interventions to prevent virus transmission from bats to humans and from person to person are needed. C1 [Luby, Stephen P.] ICDDR B, Programme Infect Dis & Vaccine Sci, Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Ahmed, Be-Nazir; Homaira, Nusrat; Rahman, Mahmudur] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Rota, Paul A.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Comer, James A.; Ksiazek, Thomas G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kenah, Eben] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Luby, SP (reprint author), ICDDR B, Programme Infect Dis & Vaccine Sci, Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM sluby@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 FU CDC; US National Institutes of Health Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; International Collaborations in Infectious Disease Opportunity Pool; Government of Bangladesh; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [F32GM085945] FX The authors are grateful to the many contributors to Nipah virus outbreak investigations in Bangladesh since 2001, both those recognized as coauthors in earlier publications and the many field workers, laboratory technicians, and support staff whose willingness to promptly and thoroughly investigate outbreaks of this dangerous pathogen has been essential to Our improved understanding of Nipah virus in Bangladesh.; This work was funded by CDC, the US National Institutes of Health Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, International Collaborations in Infectious Disease Opportunity Pool, and the Government of Bangladesh through The Improved Health for the Poor: Health, Nutrition and Population Research Project. E.K.'s contribution to this manuscript was supported by National Institute of General Medical Sciences grant F32GM085945. The ICDDR,B, acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the government of Bangladesh to the Centre's research efforts.; Dr Luby is a medical epidemiologist whose work has focused on communicable disease epidemiology and low-cost prevention strategies in low-income countries. He is currently detailed from CDC to the ICDDR,B, where he heads the program on Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Sciences. NR 37 TC 127 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 37 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1229 EP 1235 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081237 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100011 PM 19751584 ER PT J AU Verani, JR Lorick, SA Yoder, JS Beach, MJ Braden, CR Roberts, JM Conover, CS Chen, S McConnell, KA Chang, DC Park, BJ Jones, DB Visvesvara, GS Roy, SL AF Verani, Jennifer R. Lorick, Suchita A. Yoder, Jonathan S. Beach, Michael J. Braden, Christopher R. Roberts, Jacquelin M. Conover, Craig S. Chen, Sue McConnell, Kateesha A. Chang, Douglas C. Park, Benjamin J. Jones, Dan B. Visvesvara, Govinda S. Roy, Sharon L. CA Acanthamoeba Keratitis Invest Team TI National Outbreak of Acanthamoeba Keratitis Associated with Use of a Contact Lens Solution, United States SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WATER; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; STRAINS; EYE; PCR C1 [Verani, Jennifer R.; Lorick, Suchita A.; Yoder, Jonathan S.; Beach, Michael J.; Braden, Christopher R.; Roberts, Jacquelin M.; Chang, Douglas C.; Park, Benjamin J.; Visvesvara, Govinda S.; Roy, Sharon L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Conover, Craig S.] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Chen, Sue] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [McConnell, Kateesha A.] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Jones, Dan B.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Verani, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jverani@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1236 EP 1242 DI 10.3201/eid1508.090225 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100012 PM 19751585 ER PT J AU Stephenson, I Heath, A Major, D Newman, RW Hoschler, K Junzi, W Katz, JM Weir, JP Zambon, MC Wood, JM AF Stephenson, Iain Heath, Alan Major, Diane Newman, Robert W. Hoschler, Katja Junzi, Wang Katz, Jacqueline M. Weir, Jerry P. Zambon, Maria C. Wood, John M. TI Reproducibility of Serologic Assays for Influenza Virus A (H5N1) SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MF59-ADJUVANTED INFLUENZA; HUMAN SERA; ANTIBODY; VACCINE AB Hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and neutralization are used to evaluate vaccines against influenza virus A (H5N1); however, poor standardization leads to interlaboratory variation of results. A candidate antibody standard (07/150) was prepared from pooled plasma of persons given clade 1 A/Vietnam/1194/2004 vaccine. To test human and sheep antiserum, 15 laboratories used HI and neutralization and reassortant A/Vietnam/1194/2004, A/turkey/Turkey/1/2005 (clade 2.2), and A/Anhui/1/2005 (clade 2.3.4) viruses. Inter-laboratory variation was observed for both assays, but when titers were expressed relative to 07/150, overall percentage geometric coefficient of variation for A/Vietnam/1194/2004 was reduced from 125% to 61% for HI and from 183% to 81% for neutralization. Lack of reduced variability to clade 2 antigens suggested the need for clade-specific standards. Sheep antiserum as a standard did not reliably reduce variability. The World Health Organization has established 07/150 as an international standard for antibody to clade 1 subtype H5 and has an assigned potency of 1,000 IU/ampoule. C1 [Stephenson, Iain] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England. [Heath, Alan; Major, Diane; Newman, Robert W.; Wood, John M.] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, Herts, England. [Hoschler, Katja; Zambon, Maria C.] Hlth Protect Agcy, Colindale, England. [Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weir, Jerry P.] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Junzi, Wang] Natl Inst Control Pharmaceut & Biol Prod, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Stephenson, I (reprint author), Leicester Royal Infirm, Infect Dis Unit, Leicester LE1 5WW, Leics, England. EM iain.stephenson@uhl-tr.nhs.uk FU Nobilon; NexBio; CSL Biotherapies; Sanofi-Pasteur; Baxter; Novartis FX Dr Stephenson is a senior lecturer in infectious diseases at the University of Leicester. He has research interests in the extent of respiratory virus infections and their control with vaccines and antiviral drugs. NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1250 EP 1259 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081754 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100014 PM 19751587 ER PT J AU Ortiz, JR Sotomayor, V Uez, OC Oliva, O Bettels, D McCarron, M Bresee, JS Mounts, AW AF Ortiz, Justin R. Sotomayor, Viviana Uez, Osvaldo C. Oliva, Otavio Bettels, Deborah McCarron, Margaret Bresee, Joseph S. Mounts, Anthony W. TI Strategy to Enhance Influenza Surveillance Worldwide SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; PREPAREDNESS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; DIAGNOSIS; CHILDREN; AFRICA; DEATHS; REGION; PLANS AB The emergence of a novel strain of influenza virus A (H1N1) in April 2009 focused attention on influenza surveillance capabilities worldwide. In consultations before the 2009 outbreak of influenza subtype H1N1, the World Health Organization had concluded that the world was unprepared to respond to an influenza pandemic, due in part to inadequate global surveillance and response capacity. We describe a sentinel surveillance system that could enhance the quality of influenza epidemiologic and laboratory data and strengthen a country's capacity for seasonal, novel, and pandemic influenza detection and prevention. Such a system would 1) provide data for a better understanding of the epidemiology and extent of seasonal influenza, 2) provide a platform for the study of other acute febrile respiratory illnesses, 3) provide virus isolates for the development of vaccines, 4) inform local pandemic planning and vaccine policy, 5) monitor influenza epidemics and pandemics, and 6) provide infrastructure for an early warning system for outbreaks of new virus subtypes. C1 [Ortiz, Justin R.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sotomayor, Viviana] Minist Salud, Santiago, Chile. [Uez, Osvaldo C.] Inst Nacl Epidemiol, Mar Del Plata, Argentina. [Oliva, Otavio] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Bettels, Deborah; McCarron, Margaret; Bresee, Joseph S.; Mounts, Anthony W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mounts, AW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM apm8@cdc.gov FU University of Washington FX Dr Ortiz is a research fellow at the University of Washington and PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology and Health). His research interest is the clinical epidemiology of respiratory infections found in tropical regions. NR 29 TC 60 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1271 EP 1278 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081422 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100017 PM 19751590 ER PT J AU Kothari, NJ Morin, CA Glennen, A Jackson, D Harper, J Schrag, SJ Lynfield, R AF Kothari, Neelay J. Morin, Craig A. Glennen, Anita Jackson, Delois Harper, Jane Schrag, Stephanie J. Lynfield, Ruth TI Invasive Group B Streptococcal Disease in the Elderly, Minnesota, USA, 2003-2007 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REDUCED PENICILLIN SUSCEPTIBILITY; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NONPREGNANT ADULTS AB In Minnesota, incidence of invasive group B streptococcal disease was 3 times greater in older adults in long-term care facilities than in older adults in community settings (67.7/100,000 vs. 21.4/100,000) during 2003-2007. The overall case-fatality rate was 6.8%, and concurrent conditions were common among both groups. C1 [Kothari, Neelay J.; Morin, Craig A.; Glennen, Anita; Harper, Jane; Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Kothari, Neelay J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Jackson, Delois; Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kothari, NJ (reprint author), 625 Robert St N,POB 64975, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM koth0036@umn.edu FU University of Minnesota FX Dr Kothari recently completed an Infectious Diseases Fellowship at the University of Minnesota. His research interests include the epidemiology of infections among residents of longterm care facilities, with a focus on antimicrobial drug resistance and appropriate use of antimicrobial drugs in this population. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1279 EP 1281 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081381 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100018 PM 19751591 ER PT J AU Hunsperger, EA McElroy, KL Bessoff, K Colon, C Barrera, R Munoz-Jordan, JL AF Hunsperger, Elizabeth A. McElroy, Kate L. Bessoff, Kovi Colon, Candimar Barrera, Roberto Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. TI West Nile Virus from Blood Donors, Vertebrates, and Mosquitoes, Puerto Rico, 2007 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION; ASSAY AB West Nile virus (WNV) was isolated from a human blood donor, a dead falcon, and mosquitoes in Puerto Rico in 2007. Phylogenetic analysis of the 4 isolates suggests a recent introduction of lineage I WNV that is closely related to WNV currently circulating in North America. C1 [Hunsperger, Elizabeth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Serol Diagnost & Viral Pathogenesis Res Lab, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. RP Hunsperger, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Serol Diagnost & Viral Pathogenesis Res Lab, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM enh4@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1298 EP 1300 DI 10.3201/eid1508.090333 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100024 PM 19751597 ER PT J AU Salmon-Mulanovich, G Vasquez, A Albujar, C Guevara, C Laguna-Torres, VA Salazar, M Zamalloa, H Caceres, M Gomez-Benavides, J Pacheco, V Contreras, C Kochel, T Niezgoda, M Jackson, FR Velasco-Villa, A Rupprecht, C Montgomery, JM AF Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela Vasquez, Alicia Albujar, Christian Guevara, Carolina Alberto Laguna-Torres, V. Salazar, Milagros Zamalloa, Hernan Caceres, Marcia Gomez-Benavides, Jorge Pacheco, Victor Contreras, Carlos Kochel, Tadeusz Niezgoda, Michael Jackson, Felix R. Velasco-Villa, Andres Rupprecht, Charles Montgomery, Joel M. TI Human Rabies and Rabies in Vampire and Nonvampire Bat Species, Southeastern Peru, 2007 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TADARIDA-BRASILIENSIS-MEXICANA; VIRUS; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODY; ANDES; CHILE AB After a human rabies outbreak in southeastern Peru, we collected bats to estimate the prevalence of rabies in various species. Among 165 bats from 6 genera and 10 species, 10.3% were antibody positive; antibody prevalence was similar in vampire and nonvampire bats. Thus, nonvampire bats may also be a source for human rabies in Peru. C1 [Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela; Albujar, Christian; Guevara, Carolina; Alberto Laguna-Torres, V.; Kochel, Tadeusz; Montgomery, Joel M.] US Naval, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Salmon-Mulanovich, Gabriela] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Vasquez, Alicia; Pacheco, Victor] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Lima, Peru. [Salazar, Milagros] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX USA. [Zamalloa, Hernan] Inst Nacl Salud, Lima, Peru. [Caceres, Marcia; Contreras, Carlos] Direcc Salud Madre Dios, Puerto Maldonado, Peru. [Gomez-Benavides, Jorge] Direcc Gen Epidemiol, Lima, Peru. [Niezgoda, Michael; Jackson, Felix R.; Velasco-Villa, Andres; Rupprecht, Charles] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Montgomery, JM (reprint author), US Naval, Emerging Infect Program, Med Res Ctr Detachment, 3230 Lima Pl, Washington, DC 20521 USA. EM joel.montgomery@med.navy.mil OI Pacheco, Victor/0000-0002-1005-135X FU US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System [847705 82000 25GB B0016] FX This work was funded by US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System and supported by work unit no. 847705 82000 25GB B0016. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1308 EP 1310 DI 10.3201/eid1508.081522 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100027 PM 19751600 ER PT J AU Brooks, WA Alamgir, ASM Sultana, R Islam, MS Rahman, M Fry, A Shu, B Lindstrom, S Nahar, K Goswami, D Haider, MS Nahar, S Butler, E Hancock, K Donis, RO Davis, CT Zaman, RU Luby, SP Uyeki, TM Rahman, M AF Brooks, W. Abdullah Alamgir, A. S. M. Sultana, Rebecca Islam, M. Saiful Rahman, Mustafizur Fry, Alicia Shu, Bo Lindstrom, Stephen Nahar, Kamrun Goswami, Doli Haider, M. Sabbir Nahar, Sharifun Butler, Ebonee Hancock, Kathy Donis, Ruben O. Davis, Charles T. Zaman, Rashid Uz Luby, Stephen P. Uyeki, Timothy M. Rahman, Mahmudur TI Avian Influenza Virus A (H5N1), Detected through Routine Surveillance, in Child, Bangladesh SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TOXIGENIC CORYNEBACTERIUM-ULCERANS; DIPHTHERIA; STRAINS; HUMANS AB We identified avian influenza virus A (H5N1) infection in a child in Bangladesh in 2008 by routine influenza surveillance. The virus was of the same clade and phylogenetic subgroup as that circulating among poultry during the period. This case illustrates the value of routine surveillance for detection of novel influenza virus. C1 [Brooks, W. Abdullah; Sultana, Rebecca; Islam, M. Saiful; Rahman, Mustafizur; Nahar, Kamrun; Goswami, Doli; Nahar, Sharifun; Zaman, Rashid Uz; Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Brooks, W. Abdullah] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Alamgir, A. S. M.; Haider, M. Sabbir; Rahman, Mahmudur] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Fry, Alicia; Shu, Bo; Lindstrom, Stephen; Butler, Ebonee; Hancock, Kathy; Donis, Ruben O.; Davis, Charles T.; Luby, Stephen P.; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brooks, WA (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. RI rahman, mustafizur/E-6918-2010 FU Bavarian State Ministry of the Environment and Public Health FX The study was partly supported by a grant from the Bavarian State Ministry of the Environment and Public Health. NR 10 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1311 EP 1313 DI 10.3201/eid1508.090283 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100028 PM 19751601 ER PT J AU Mahy, BWJ AF Mahy, Brian W. J. TI George Martin Baer (1936-2009) IN MEMORIAM SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mahy, BWJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bxm1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1335 EP 1335 DI 10.3201/eid1508.090897 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100044 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI For the world does not yet censure Those who tread the paths of dreams SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMP1@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1336 EP 1337 DI 10.3201/eid1508.000000 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 481NT UT WOS:000268819100045 PM 19751617 ER PT J AU Guo, XQ Verkler, TL Mei, N Richter, PA Polzin, GM Moore, MM AF Guo, X. Q. Verkler, T. L. Mei, N. Richter, P. A. Polzin, G. M. Moore, M. M. TI Relative Mutagenicity of Cigarette Smoke Condensates in Mouse Lymphoma Cells SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 40th Annual Meeting of the Environment-Mutagen-Society CY OCT 24-28, 2009 CL St Louis, MO SP Environm Mutagen Soc C1 [Guo, X. Q.; Verkler, T. L.; Mei, N.; Moore, M. M.] Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Richter, P. A.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Polzin, G. M.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 50 IS 7 BP 586 EP 586 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 484LM UT WOS:000269046400197 ER PT J AU Hoagland, P Jin, D Polansky, LY Kirkpatrick, B Kirkpatrick, G Fleming, LE Reich, A Watkins, SM Ullmann, SG Backer, LC AF Hoagland, Porter Jin, Di Polansky, Lara Y. Kirkpatrick, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Gary Fleming, Lora E. Reich, Andrew Watkins, Sharon M. Ullmann, Steven G. Backer, Lorraine C. TI The Costs of Respiratory Illnesses Arising from Florida Gulf Coast Karenia brevis Blooms SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cost of illness; emergency department (ED); harmful algal bloom (HAB); economic impact; natural hazard ID TIDE TOXINS BREVETOXINS; RED-TIDE; MARINE AEROSOL; HUMAN EXPOSURE; ASTHMA AB BACKGROUND: Algal blooms of Karenia brevis, a harmful marine algae, occur almost annually off the west coast of Florida. At high concentrations, K brevis blooms can cause harm through the release of potent toxins, known as brevetoxins, to the atmosphere. Epidemiologic studies suggest that aerosolized brevetoxins are linked to respiratory illnesses in humans. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized a relationship between K brevis blooms and respiratory illness visits to hospital emergency departments (EDs) while controlling for environmental factors, disease, and tourism. We sought to use this relationship to estimate the costs of illness associated with aerosolized brevetoxins. METHODS: We developed a statistical exposure-response model to express hypotheses about the relationship between respiratory illnesses and bloom events. We estimated the model with data on ED visits, K brevis cell densities, and measures of pollen, pollutants, respiratory disease, and intra-annual population changes. RESULTS: We found that lagged K brevis cell counts, low air temperatures, influenza outbreaks, high pollen counts, and tourist visits helped explain the number of respiratory-specific ED diagnoses. The capitalized estimated marginal costs of illness for ED respiratory illnesses associated with K brevis blooms in Sarasota County, Florida, alone ranged from $0.5 to $4 million, depending on bloom severity. CONCLUSIONS: Blooms of K brevis lead to significant economic impacts. The costs of illness of ED visits are a conservative estimate of the total economic impacts. It will become increasingly necessary to understand the scale of the economic losses associated with K brevis blooms to make rational choices about appropriate mitigation. C1 [Hoagland, Porter; Jin, Di; Polansky, Lara Y.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Kirkpatrick, Barbara; Kirkpatrick, Gary] Mote Marine Lab, Environm Hlth Program, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Fleming, Lora E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Reich, Andrew; Watkins, Sharon M.] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Community Environm Hlth, Aquat Toxins Program, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Ullmann, Steven G.] Univ Miami, Dept Management, Miami, FL USA. [Backer, Lorraine C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hoagland, P (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, MS 41, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM phoagland@whoi.edu OI Hoagland, Porter/0000-0003-0744-4184 FU Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission [07182]; Departments of Environmental protection and Health; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Center for Oceans and Human Health at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-0430724]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P50 ES0127421, PO1 ES 10594]; Ocean and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School [NSF 0CE0432368, NIEHS 1 P50 ES12736] FX This research was sponsored by the Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission (07182) and the Departments of Environmental protection and Health; the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; the Center for Oceans and Human Health at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution [National Science Foundation (NSF) OCE-0430724; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) P50 ES0127421; the Ocean and Human Health Center at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School (NSF 0CE0432368; NIEHS 1 P50 ES12736); and the NIEHS (PO1 ES 10594). NR 35 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 27 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 117 IS 8 BP 1239 EP 1243 DI 10.1289/ehp.0900645 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 478DD UT WOS:000268567100027 PM 19672403 ER PT J AU Wang, RY Jain, RB Wolkin, AF Rubin, CH Needham, LL AF Wang, Richard Y. Jain, Ram B. Wolkin, Amy F. Rubin, Carol H. Needham, Larry L. TI Serum Concentrations of Selected Persistent Organic Pollutants in a Sample of Pregnant Females and Changes in Their Concentrations during Gestation SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE dioxin; females; organochlorine pesticides; PCB; persistent organic pollutants; pregnant; serum concentrations ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HUMAN BLOOD; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FISH CONSUMPTION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; HUMAN-MILK; WOMEN; DIOXINS AB OBJECTIVES: In this study we evaluated the concentrations of selected persistent organic pollutants in a sample of first-time pregnant females residing in the United States and assessed differences in these concentrations in all pregnant females during gestation. METHODS: We reviewed demographic and laboratory data for pregnant females participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including concentrations of 25 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 6 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), 9 polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and 9 organochlorine pesticides. We report serum concentrations for first-time pregnant females (2001-2002; n = 49) and evaluate these concentrations in all pregnant females by trimester (1999-2002; n = 203) using a cross-sectional analysis. RESULTS: The chemicals with >= 60% detection included PCBs (congeners 126, 138/158, 153, 180), PCDDs/PCDFs [1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1234678HpCDD), 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (123678HxCDD), 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran (1234678HpCDF), 1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethenylidene)-bis(4-chlorobenzene) (p,p'-DDE)], and transnonachlor. The geometric mean concentration (95% confidence intervals) for 1234678HpCDD was 15.9 pg/g lipid (5.0-50.6 pg/g); for 123678HxCDD, 9.7 pg/g (5.5-17.1 pg/g); and for 1234678HpCDF, 5.4 pg/g (3.3-8.7 pg/g). The differences in concentrations of these chemicals by trimester were better accounted for with the use of lipid-adjusted units than with whole-weight units; however, the increase in the third-trimester concentration was greater for PCDDs/PCDFs (123678HxCDD, 1234678HpCDF) than for the highest concentration of indicator PCBs (138/158, 153, 180), even after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSION: The concentrations of these persistent organic pollutants in a sample of first-time pregnant females living in the United States suggest a decline in exposures to these chemicals since their ban or restricted use and emission. The redistribution of body burden for these and other persistent organic pollutants during pregnancy needs to be more carefully defined to improve the assessment of fetal exposure to them based on maternal serum concentrations. Additional studies are needed to further the understanding of the potential health consequences to the fetus from persistent organic pollutants. C1 [Wang, Richard Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Rubin, Carol H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wang, RY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop F-17, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rywang@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 NR 46 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 18 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 117 IS 8 BP 1244 EP 1249 DI 10.1289/ehp.0800105 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 478DD UT WOS:000268567100028 PM 19672404 ER PT J AU Cummings, KJ Stefaniak, AB Virji, MA Kreiss, K AF Cummings, Kristin J. Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Virji, M. Abbas Kreiss, Kathleen TI A Reconsideration of Acute Beryllium Disease SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE acute; beryllium; beryllium disease; granuloma; hypersensitivity; immune sensitization; pneumonitis ID CONTACT-DERMATITIS; SENSITIZATION; OXIDE; PARTICLES; AEROSOLS; METAL; RISK; IMMUNOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; IMMUNITY AB CONTEXT: Although chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is dearly an immune-mediated granulomatous reaction to beryllium, acute beryllium disease (ABD) is commonly considered an irritative chemical phenomenon related to high exposures. Given reported new cases of ABD and projected increased demand for beryllium, we aimed to reevaluate the pathophysiologic associations between ABD and CBD using two cases identified from a survey of beryllium production facility workers. CASE PRESENTATION: Within weeks after exposure to beryllium fluoride began, two workers had systemic illness characterized by dermal and respiratory symptoms and precipitous declines in pulmonary function. Symptoms and pulmonary function abnormalities improved with cessation of exposure and, in one worker, recurred with repeat exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analyses and blood beryllium lymphocyte proliferation tests revealed lymphocytic alveolitis and cellular immune recognition of beryllium. None of the measured air samples exceeded 100 mu g/m(3), and most were < 10 mu g/m(3), lower than usually described. In both cases, lung biopsy about 18 months after acute illness revealed noncaseating granulomas. Years after first exposure, the workers left employment because of CBD. DISCUSSION: Contrary to common understanding, these cases suggest that ABD and CBD represent a continuum of disease, and both involve hypersensitivity reactions to beryllium. Differences in disease presentation and progression are likely influenced by the solubility of the beryllium compound involved. RELEVANCE TO PRACTICE: ABD may occur after exposures lower than the high concentrations commonly described. Prudence dictates limitation of further beryllium exposure in both ABD and CBD. C1 [Cummings, Kristin J.; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Virji, M. Abbas; Kreiss, Kathleen] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Cummings, KJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS-2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM cvx5@cdc.gov RI Stefaniak, Aleksandr/I-3616-2012 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) FX This work was supported by intramural funding from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NR 61 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 117 IS 8 BP 1250 EP 1256 DI 10.1289/ehp.0800455 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 478DD UT WOS:000268567100029 PM 19672405 ER PT J AU Markotter, W Kuzmin, IV Rupprecht, CE Nel, LH AF Markotter, W. Kuzmin, I. V. Rupprecht, C. E. Nel, L. H. TI Lagos bat virus virulence in mice inoculated by the peripheral route SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Africa; glycoprotein; Lagos bat virus; lyssavirus; pathogenicity; rabies ID FREE-TAILED BATS; RABIES VIRUS; TRANSMISSION EXPERIMENTS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; LYSSAVIRUS GENOTYPE; ADULT MICE; PATHOGENICITY; GLYCOPROTEIN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEQUENCE AB Lagos bat virus (LBV) constitutes genotype (gt) 2 in the Lyssavirus genus. In contrast to the gt 1 lyssavirus, rabies virus (RABV), LBV was reported to have markedly reduced levels of peripheral pathogenicity. However, this opinion was based on a study of one isolate of LBV only and the reduction in pathogenicity was essentially attributed to the amino-acid substitution at position 333 of glycoprotein ectodomain. In the present study we have demonstrated that peripheral pathogenicity of representatives of LBV in a murine model is as high as that of RABV. Comparison of amino-acid substitutions among the viral glycoproteins, demonstrated significant differences within two antigenic sites between different phylogenetic lineages of LBV. Such molecular variability potentially contributes to differences in peripheral pathogenicity of lyssaviruses. C1 [Markotter, W.; Nel, L. H.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Kuzmin, I. V.; Rupprecht, C. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Markotter, W (reprint author), Univ Pretoria, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. EM wanda.markotter@up.ac.za RI Markotter, Wanda/A-2129-2010; Nel, Louis/F-1001-2012; OI Markotter, Wanda/0000-0002-7550-0080 FU (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Rabies Unit, South Africa) [MOKVSA(252/97), LBVSA1982]; [Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), France] [LBV1999AFR]; National Research Foundation of South Africa; University of Pretoria International Affairs Officee's Postgraduate Study Abroad Bursary Programme,; US National Vaccine Program Office FX The authors thank Dr C. T. Sabeta (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Rabies Unit, South Africa) for providing the MOKVSA(252/97) and LBVSA1982 isolate and Dr F. Cliquet [Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), France] for providing the LBV1999AFR isolate. This study was supported in part by the National Research Foundation of South Africa, the University of Pretoria International Affairs Officee's Postgraduate Study Abroad Bursary Programme, and the US National Vaccine Program Office. Use of trade names and commercial sources are for identification only and do not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agencies. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 137 IS 8 BP 1155 EP 1162 DI 10.1017/S0950268808001945 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 477MU UT WOS:000268524000010 PM 19144249 ER PT J AU Banyai, K Kisfali, P Bogdan, A Martella, V Melegh, B Erdman, D Szucs, G AF Banyai, K. Kisfali, P. Bogdan, A. Martella, V. Melegh, B. Erdman, D. Szucs, G. TI Adenovirus gastroenteritis in Hungary, 2003-2006 SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID STOOL SAMPLES; ROTAVIRUS AB The incidence and type distribution of enteric human adenoviruses (HAds) among diarrheic children in south-western Hungary was investigated from 2003 through 2006. Laboratory studies were conducted using commercial antigen detection tests (latex agglutination or immunochromatography), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, single-strand conformation polymorphism, and sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of a conservative region of the HAd hexon gene. The overall rate of HAd infection in childhood gastroenteritis cases during the 4-year study was 8.1%, with a gradual decrease in detection rates from 11.7% in 2003 to 5.7% in 2006. Molecular studies of a subset of HAd-positive samples found that enteric HAd type 40 strains were identified only in 2003 and 2004, while HAd type 41 strains were identified throughout the 4-year study. Higher detection rates of non-enteric HAds was documented during the first half of the study period when latex agglutination was used in our laboratory for detection. Our study suggests that the choice of diagnostic method may profoundly influence the epidemiologic picture and disease burden attributed to enteric HAd infections. C1 [Banyai, K.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary. [Banyai, K.; Bogdan, A.; Szucs, G.] State Publ Hlth Serv, Baranya Cty Inst, Reg Lab Virol, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary. [Kisfali, P.; Melegh, B.] Univ Pecs, Fac Med, Dept Med Genet & Child Dev, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary. [Martella, V.] Univ Bari, Dept Anim Hlth & Well Being, I-70010 Bari, Italy. [Erdman, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Banyai, K (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, Hungaria Krt 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary. EM bkrota@hotmail.com RI Martella, Vito/K-3146-2016; OI Martella, Vito/0000-0002-5740-6947; Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [T049020] FX The study was supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA, T049020). K. B. is a recipient of the Bolyai Janos fellowship. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0934-9723 J9 EUR J CLIN MICROBIOL JI Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 28 IS 8 BP 997 EP 999 DI 10.1007/s10096-009-0722-8 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 480ZU UT WOS:000268776900017 PM 19259710 ER PT J AU Herrinton, LJ Liu, LY Fireman, B Lewis, JD Allison, JE Flowers, N Hutfless, S Velayos, FS Abramson, O Altschuler, A Perry, GS AF Herrinton, Lisa J. Liu, Liyan Fireman, Bruce Lewis, James D. Allison, James E. Flowers, Nicole Hutfless, Susan Velayos, Fernando S. Abramson, Oren Altschuler, Andrea Perry, Geraldine S. TI Time Trends in Therapies and Outcomes for Adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Northern California, 1998-2005 SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CROHNS-DISEASE; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; 5-AMINOSALICYLIC ACID; AZATHIOPRINE; MAINTENANCE; RATES; HOSPITALIZATION; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT AB BACKGROUND & AIMS: The management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become 'increasingly complicated, and it is unknown whether poor outcomes (prolonged steroid use, hospitalizations, and surgery) have declined in the general population. METHODS: This multilevel study used computerized clinical data. The study comprised 2892 adults with Crohn's disease (C]D) and 5895 with ulcerative colitis (UC) who received care at 16 medical centers within an integrated care organization in Northern California between 1998 and 2005. RESULTS: Time trends included (1) a shift in gastroenterology-related visits from the gastroenterology division to primary care, (2) increased use of IBD-related drugs, except for a 7% decline in use of S-aminosalicylate in CD and no change in steroid use for CD; (3) for the prevalence of prolonged steroid exposure (120 days of continuous use), a 36% decline for CD with a 27% increase for UC; (4) declines in the hospitalization rates of 33% for CD and 29% for UC; and (5) for the surgery rate, no significant change for CD with a 50% decline for UC. CONCLUSIONS: Declines in prolonged steroid exposure and the hospitalization rate for CD and in the hospitalization and surgery rate for UC are encouraging; however, the increase in prolonged steroid exposure for UC merits concern and further investigation. The variability in care patterns observed in this study suggests lack of standardization of care and the opportunity to identify targets for quality improvement. These findings should stimulate research to quantify the effect of current trends in IBD management. C1 [Herrinton, Lisa J.; Liu, Liyan; Fireman, Bruce; Allison, James E.; Hutfless, Susan; Altschuler, Andrea] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Lewis, James D.] Univ Penn, Dept Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Lewis, James D.] Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Allison, James E.; Velayos, Fernando S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Internal Med, Div Gastroenterol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Flowers, Nicole; Perry, Geraldine S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hutfless, Susan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Abramson, Oren] Kaiser Permanente, Div Pediat Gastroenterol, Santa Clara, CA USA. RP Herrinton, LJ (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, 2000 Broadway Ave, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM lisa.herrinton@kp.org OI Hutfless, Susan/0000-0002-6311-2611 NR 32 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD AUG PY 2009 VL 137 IS 2 BP 502 EP 511 DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.04.063 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 477WZ UT WOS:000268551000024 PM 19445944 ER PT J AU Whitehead, WE Borrud, L Goode, PS Meikle, S Mueller, ER Tuteja, A Weidner, A Weinstein, M Ye, W AF Whitehead, William E. Borrud, Lori Goode, Patricia S. Meikle, Susan Mueller, Elizabeth R. Tuteja, Ashok Weidner, Alison Weinstein, Milena Ye, Wen CA Pelvic Floor Disorders Network TI Fecal Incontinence in US Adults: Epidemiology and Risk Factors SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PELVIC FLOOR DISORDERS; PAD-WEIGHING TESTS; SEVERITY INDEX; STOOL FORM; URINARY-INCONTINENCE; PREVALENCE; WOMEN; COMMUNITY; TRANSIT; SYMPTOMS AB BACKGROUND & AIMS: The study aims were to estimate the prevalence of different types and frequencies of fecal incontinence (FI), describe demographic factors, and identify risk factors. METHODS: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) assesses health status in the civilian noninstitutionalized US population. The validated Fecal Incontinence Severity Index was added to NHANES in 2005-2006. Participants were 2229 women and 2079 men aged 20 years or older. FI was defined as accidental leakage of solid, liquid, or mucus at least once in the preceding month. Sampling weights were used to obtain prevalence estimates for the national population. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent risk factors. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of FI in noninstitutionalized US adults is 8.3% (95% confidence interval, 7.1-9.5) and consists of liquid stool in 6.2%, solid stool in 1.6%, and mucus in 3.1%. It occurs at least weekly in 2.7%. Prevalence is similar in women (8.9%) and men (7.7%) and increases with age from 2.6% in 20 to 29 year olds up to 15.3% in participants aged 70 years and older. FI is not significantly associated with race/ethnicity, education, income, or marital status after adjusting for age. Independent risk factors in women are advancing age, loose or watery stools, more than 21 stools per week, multiple chronic illnesses, and urinary incontinence. Independent risk factors in men are age, loose or watery stools, poor self-rated health, and urinary incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: FI is a prevalent age-related disorder. Chronic diarrhea is a strong modifiable risk factor that may form the basis for prevention and treatment. C1 [Whitehead, William E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Ctr Funct Gastrointestinal & Motil Disorders, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Whitehead, William E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Borrud, Lori] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Goode, Patricia S.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Birmingham Atlanta Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Goode, Patricia S.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. [Meikle, Susan] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Pelv Floor Disorders Program, Contracept & Reprod Hlth Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. [Mueller, Elizabeth R.] Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. [Mueller, Elizabeth R.] Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. [Tuteja, Ashok] George E Wahlen Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Tuteja, Ashok] Univ Utah, Dept Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Weidner, Alison] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC USA. [Weinstein, Milena] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Ye, Wen] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Whitehead, WE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Ctr Funct Gastrointestinal & Motil Disorders, Campus Box 7080, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM william_whitehead@med.unc.edu OI Mueller, Elizabeth R./0000-0003-3069-4069 FU NICHD NIH HHS [U10 HD041268-01, U01 HD041249, U01 HD041249-01, U01 HD41249, U10 HD041248, U10 HD041248-01, U10 HD041250, U10 HD041250-01, U10 HD041261, U10 HD041261-01, U10 HD041263, U10 HD041263-01, U10 HD041267, U10 HD041267-01, U10 HD041268, U10 HD041269, U10 HD041269-01, U10 HD41248, U10 HD41250, U10 HD41261, U10 HD41263, U10 HD41267, U10 HD41268, U10 HD41269] NR 28 TC 200 Z9 203 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD AUG PY 2009 VL 137 IS 2 BP 512 EP 517 DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.04.054 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 477WZ UT WOS:000268551000025 PM 19410574 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ McBride, CM Schully, SD Ioannidis, JPA Feero, WG Janssens, ACJW Gwinn, M Simons-Morton, DG Bernhardt, JM Cargill, M Chanock, SJ Church, GM Coates, RJ Collins, FS Croyle, RT Davis, BR Downing, GJ DuRoss, A Friedman, S Gail, MH Ginsburg, GS Green, RC Greene, MH Greenland, P Gulcher, JR Hsu, A Hudson, KL Kardia, SLR Kimmel, PL Lauer, MS Miller, AM Offit, K Ransohoff, DF Roberts, JS Rasooly, RS Stefansson, K Terry, SF Teutsch, SM Trepanier, A Wanke, KL Witte, JS Xu, JF AF Khoury, Muin J. McBride, Colleen M. Schully, Sheri D. Ioannidis, John P. A. Feero, W. Gregory Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Gwinn, Marta Simons-Morton, Denise G. Bernhardt, Jay M. Cargill, Michele Chanock, Stephen J. Church, George M. Coates, Ralph J. Collins, Francis S. Croyle, Robert T. Davis, Barry R. Downing, Gregory J. DuRoss, Amy Friedman, Susan Gail, Mitchell H. Ginsburg, Geoffrey S. Green, Robert C. Greene, Mark H. Greenland, Philip Gulcher, Jeffrey R. Hsu, Andro Hudson, Kathy L. Kardia, Sharon L. R. Kimmel, Paul L. Lauer, Michael S. Miller, Amy M. Offit, Kenneth Ransohoff, David F. Roberts, J. Scott Rasooly, Rebekah S. Stefansson, Kari Terry, Sharon F. Teutsch, Steven M. Trepanier, Angela Wanke, Kay L. Witte, John S. Xu, Jianfeng TI The Scientific Foundation for Personal Genomics: Recommendations from a National Institutes of Health-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Multidisciplinary Workshop SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE behavioral sciences; epidemiologic methods; evidence-based medicine; genetics; genetic testing; genomics; medicine; public health ID EGAPP WORKING GROUP; GENETIC RISK FEEDBACK; BREAST-CANCER; WIDE ASSOCIATION; COMMON DISEASE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PREDICTIVE ABILITY; BEHAVIOR-CHANGE; ROC CURVE; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB The increasing availability of personal genomic tests has led to discussions about the validity and utility of such tests and the balance of benefits and harms. A multidisciplinary workshop was convened by the National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to review the scientific foundation for using personal genomics in risk assessment and disease prevention and to develop recommendations for targeted research. The clinical validity and utility of personal genomics is a moving target with rapidly developing discoveries but little translation research to close the gap between discoveries and health impact. Workshop participants made recommendations in five domains: (1) developing and applying scientific standards for assessing personal genomic tests; (2) developing and applying a multidisciplinary research agenda, including observational studies and clinical trials to fill knowledge gaps in clinical validity and utility; (3) enhancing credible knowledge synthesis and information dissemination to clinicians and consumers; (4) linking scientific findings to evidence-based recommendations for use of personal genomics; and (5) assessing how the concept of personal utility can affect health benefits, costs, and risks by developing appropriate metrics for evaluation. To fulfill the promise of personal genomics, a rigorous multidisciplinary research agenda is needed. Genet Med 2009:11(8):559-567. C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta; Coates, Ralph J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.; Schully, Sheri D.; Chanock, Stephen J.; Croyle, Robert T.; Gail, Mitchell H.; Greene, Mark H.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [McBride, Colleen M.; Feero, W. Gregory; Collins, Francis S.] NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.] Erasmus Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Med Ctr, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Simons-Morton, Denise G.; Lauer, Michael S.] NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bernhardt, Jay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Mkt, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cargill, Michele; DuRoss, Amy] Navigenics, Redwood Shores, CA USA. [Church, George M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA USA. [Davis, Barry R.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Houston, TX USA. [Downing, Gregory J.] US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Friedman, Susan] FORCE, Tampa, FL USA. [Ginsburg, Geoffrey S.] Duke Univ, Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Ctr Genom Med, Durham, NC USA. [Green, Robert C.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Green, Robert C.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Genet, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Green, Robert C.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Green, Robert C.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA USA. [Green, Robert C.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med Genet, Boston, MA USA. [Green, Robert C.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA. [Greenland, Philip] Northwestern Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Gulcher, Jeffrey R.; Stefansson, Kari] deCODE Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Hsu, Andro] 23andMe Inc, Mountain View, CA USA. [Hudson, Kathy L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Genet & Publ Policy Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Kardia, Sharon L. R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kimmel, Paul L.; Rasooly, Rebekah S.] NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Miller, Amy M.] Personalized Med Coalit, Washington, DC USA. [Offit, Kenneth] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Clin Genet Serv, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Ransohoff, David F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ransohoff, David F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ransohoff, David F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Roberts, J. Scott] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Terry, Sharon F.] Genet Alliance, Washington, DC USA. [Teutsch, Steven M.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Trepanier, Angela] Wayne State Univ, Ctr Mol Med & Genet, Detroit, MI USA. [Wanke, Kay L.] NIH, Off Behav & Social Sci Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Witte, John S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Inst Human Genet, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Xu, Jianfeng] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Canc Genom, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mkhoury@cdc.gov RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; Lauer, Michael/L-9656-2013; OI Lauer, Michael/0000-0002-9217-8177; Bernhardt, Jay/0000-0002-2045-4005; Rasooly, Rebekah/0000-0002-6357-5528; Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000533, M01 RR000533-360391]; NHGRI NIH HHS [R01 HG002213, R01 HG002213-01, R01 HG005092, R01 HG005092-01A1]; NIA NIH HHS [K24 AG027841, K24 AG027841-01A1, P30 AG013846, P30 AG013846-069001] NR 93 TC 122 Z9 126 U1 4 U2 21 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 11 IS 8 BP 559 EP 567 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181b13a6c PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 487KV UT WOS:000269273900001 PM 19617843 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD McBride, CM Evans, JP Khoury, MJ AF Grosse, Scott D. McBride, Colleen M. Evans, James. P. Khoury, Muin J. TI Personal utility and genomic information: Look before you leap SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID WOMENS PREFERENCES; BREAST-CANCER; CHILDREN; DISEASE C1 [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McBride, Colleen M.] NHGRI, Social & Behav Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Evans, James. P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 HG200344-01] NR 20 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 11 IS 8 BP 575 EP 576 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181af0a80 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 487KV UT WOS:000269273900004 PM 19623080 ER PT J AU Kolor, K Liu, TB St Pierre, J Khoury, MJ AF Kolor, Katherine Liu, Tiebin St Pierre, Jeanette Khoury, Muin J. TI Health care provider and consumer awareness, perceptions, and use of direct-to-consumer personal genomic tests, United States, 2008 SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Kolor, Katherine; Liu, Tiebin; St Pierre, Jeanette; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kolor, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 4 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 11 IS 8 BP 595 EP 595 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 487KV UT WOS:000269273900010 PM 19680046 ER PT J AU Cornell, CE Littleton, MA Greene, PG Pulley, L Brownstein, JN Sanderson, BK Stalker, VG Matson-Koffman, D Struempler, B Raczynski, JM AF Cornell, C. E. Littleton, M. A. Greene, P. G. Pulley, L. Brownstein, J. N. Sanderson, B. K. Stalker, V. G. Matson-Koffman, D. Struempler, B. Raczynski, J. M. TI A Community Health Advisor Program to reduce cardiovascular risk among rural African-American women SO HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HEART-DISEASE; EMPOWERMENT; WORKERS; PREVENTION; PROMOTION; PROJECT; BLACK; CARE; INTERVENTION; EDUCATION AB The Uniontown, Alabama Community Health Project trained and facilitated Community Health Advisors (CHAs) in conducting a theory-based intervention designed to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among rural African-American women. The multiphased project included formative evaluation and community organization, CHA recruitment and training, community intervention and maintenance. Formative data collected to develop the training, intervention and evaluation methods and materials indicated the need for programs to increase knowledge, skills and resources for changing behaviors that increase the risk of CVD. CHAs worked in partnership with staff to develop, implement, evaluate and maintain strategies to reduce risk for CVD in women and to influence city officials, business owners and community coalitions to facilitate project activities. Process data documented sustained increases in social capital and community capacity to address health-related issues, as well as improvements in the community's physical infrastructure. This project is unique in that it documents that a comprehensive CHA-based intervention for CVD can facilitate wide-reaching changes in capacity to address health issues in a rural community that include improvements in community infrastructure and are sustained beyond the scope of the originally funded intervention. C1 [Cornell, C. E.; Greene, P. G.; Pulley, L.; Raczynski, J. M.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Fay W Boozman Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Littleton, M. A.] E Tennessee State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. [Brownstein, J. N.; Matson-Koffman, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Stalker, V. G.] Univ Alabama, Dept Hlth Behav, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35205 USA. [Sanderson, B. K.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, Birmingham, AL 35205 USA. [Struempler, B.] Auburn Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Cornell, CE (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Fay W Boozman Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM ccornell@uams.edu FU PHS HHS [U48/CCU409679] NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1153 J9 HEALTH EDUC RES JI Health Educ. Res. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 24 IS 4 BP 622 EP 633 DI 10.1093/her/cyn063 PG 12 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 469IA UT WOS:000267888500007 PM 19047648 ER PT J AU Waller, E Millage, K Blakely, WF Ross, JA Mercier, JR Sandgren, DJ Levine, IH Dickerson, WE Nemhauser, JB Nasstrom, JS Sugiyama, G Homann, S Buddemeier, BR Curling, CA Disraelly, DS AF Waller, E. Millage, Kyle Blakely, William F. Ross, James A. Mercier, John R. Sandgren, David J. Levine, Ira H. Dickerson, William E. Nemhauser, Jeffrey B. Nasstrom, John S. Sugiyama, Gayle Homann, Steve Buddemeier, Brooke R. Curling, Carl A. Disraelly, Deena S. TI OVERVIEW OF HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EMERGENCY PLANNING SOFTWARE OF USE TO RN FIRST RESPONDERS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE biological indicators; computers; emergencies, radiological; emergency planning ID BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY; RADIATION AB There are numerous software tools available for field deployment, reach-back, training and planning use in the event of a radiological or nuclear terrorist event. Specialized software tools used by CBRNe responders can increase information available and the speed and accuracy of the response, thereby ensuring that radiation doses to responders, receivers, and the general public are kept as low as reasonably achievable. Software designed to provide health care providers with assistance in selecting appropriate countermeasures or therapeutic interventions in a timely fashion can improve the potential for positive patient outcome. This paper reviews various software applications of relevance to radiological and nuclear events that are currently in use by first responders, emergency planners, medical receivers, and criminal investigators. Health Phys. 97(2):145-156; 2009 C1 [Waller, E.] Univ Western Ontario, Inst Technol, Fac Energy Syst & Nucl Sci, Oshawa, ON, Canada. [Millage, Kyle] Appl Res Associates Inc, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Blakely, William F.; Ross, James A.; Mercier, John R.; Sandgren, David J.; Levine, Ira H.; Dickerson, William E.] Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Nemhauser, Jeffrey B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ne Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Nasstrom, John S.; Sugiyama, Gayle; Homann, Steve; Buddemeier, Brooke R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Curling, Carl A.; Disraelly, Deena S.] Inst Def Anal, Alexandria, VA 22311 USA. RP Waller, E (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Inst Technol, Fac Energy Syst & Nucl Sci, 2000 Simcoe St N, Oshawa, ON, Canada. EM ed.waller@uoit.ca NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 97 IS 2 BP 145 EP 156 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 470WN UT WOS:000268013200006 PM 19590274 ER PT J AU Tveit, A Bruce, MG Bruden, D Morris, J Hurlburt, D McMahon, B AF Tveit, A. Bruce, M. G. Bruden, D. Morris, J. Hurlburt, D. McMahon, B. TI Antimicrobial Resistance of H-pylori Isolates in Alaska Native Persons from 2000-2008: Results from the Alaska Sentinel Surveillance Project SO HELICOBACTER LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd International Workshop on Helicobacter and Related Bacteria in Chronic Digestive Inflammation and Gastric Cancer CY SEP 17-19, 2009 CL Oporto, PORTUGAL SP European Helicobacter Study Grp C1 [Tveit, A.; McMahon, B.] Alaska Native Med Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bruce, M. G.; Bruden, D.; Morris, J.; Hurlburt, D.; McMahon, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Anchorage, AK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1083-4389 J9 HELICOBACTER JI Helicobacter PD AUG PY 2009 VL 14 IS 4 BP 328 EP 328 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA 474FZ UT WOS:000268269300054 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Cowan, AE Wortley, PM AF Clark, Sarah J. Cowan, Anne E. Wortley, Pascale M. TI Worksite policies related to influenza vaccination A cross-sectional survey of US registered nurses SO HUMAN VACCINES LA English DT Article DE influenza; vaccine; registered nurses; worksite programs; mail survey ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; UNITED-STATES; RATES; HOSPITALS; KNOWLEDGE; PROGRAM; RECEIPT AB To increase the rate of influenza vaccination among healthcare personnel, national recommendations call for worksites to adopt a multi-pronged strategy to encourage vaccination. The objective of this study was to explore existing worksite influenza vaccination policies and attitudes toward the use of declination forms based on a cross-sectional mail survey of 2,000 registered nurses in four US states. The majority (59%) of respondents reported receiving influenza vaccine during the 2005-06 influenza season. Just over half (55%) of respondents reported that their worksite strongly recommended influenza vaccination for employees. Most worksites made vaccine available to employees via one or more venues (95%) and used one or more strategies to inform employees about influenza vaccination (91%). Worksite policies supportive of HCP influenza vaccination were reported more frequently by vaccinated nurses and those in hospital-based settings. The majority of respondents supported the use of declination forms for influenza vaccination. Although many healthcare worksites have policies in place to support influenza vaccination among their employees, continued efforts to expand worksite policies and practices are important for increasing vaccination rates and may need to be targeted differently for hospital-and non-hospital-based settings. C1 [Clark, Sarah J.; Cowan, Anne E.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), 300 N Ingalls,Rm 6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA. EM saclark@med.umich.edu NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1002 WEST AVENUE, 2ND FLOOR, AUSTIN, TX 78701 USA SN 1554-8619 J9 HUM VACCINES JI Hum. Vaccines PD AUG PY 2009 VL 5 IS 8 BP 545 EP 550 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 541LN UT WOS:000273417300006 PM 19458489 ER PT J AU Salmon, DA Smith, PJ Pan, WKY Navar, AM Omer, SB Halsey, NA AF Salmon, Daniel A. Smith, Philip J. Pan, William K. Y. Navar, Ann Marie Omer, Saad B. Halsey, Neal A. TI Disparities in preschool immunization coverage associated with maternal age SO HUMAN VACCINES LA English DT Article DE immunization; vaccine; maternal age; health disparities; vaccine coverage ID VACCINATION COVERAGE; RISK-FACTORS; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATIONS; DELAYED IMMUNIZATION; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; INFANTS; MEASLES; SYSTEM; RATES AB Associations between maternal age and preschool immunization coverage are unclear. This study aimed to determine if maternal age is associated with preschool immunization coverage and the importance of maternal age compared with other factors affecting vaccination coverage. Data from the 2001-2003 National Immunization Survey (NIS) were used to estimate vaccine coverage. Children were considered up-to-date (UTD) if they received >= 4 doses of DTaP, >= 3 doses of polio, >= 1 doses of MMR, >= 3 doses of Hib and >= 3 doses of Hep B. Bivariate and multivariate relationships between UTD coverage and maternal, child and household factors were evaluated. Classification tree analysis assessed complex interactions between maternal, child and household factors associated with UTD coverage and isolated the most important factors in predicting UTD coverage. UTD coverage was significantly associated with maternal age: coverage increased as maternal age increased. Coverage among children with 17 year old mothers was 64%; coverage among children of mothers 17-26 years old increased by 16.3% overall (approximately 1.8% per year). After 26 years of age, coverage did not increase significantly as maternal age increased. The relationship between maternal age and UTD coverage remained statistically significant after adjusting for a broad range of maternal, child and household factors. Classification tree analysis suggested that maternal age is the most important factor associated with vaccine coverage. More research is needed to determine the reasons for underimmunization of children born to young mothers. C1 [Salmon, Daniel A.; Omer, Saad B.; Halsey, Neal A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Vaccine Safety, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Salmon, Daniel A.; Pan, William K. Y.; Navar, Ann Marie; Omer, Saad B.; Halsey, Neal A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Smith, Philip J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Navar, Ann Marie] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA. RP Halsey, NA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Vaccine Safety, 615 N Wolfe St W5041, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM nhalsey@jhsph.edu RI Omer, Saad/K-1182-2012 OI Omer, Saad/0000-0002-5383-3474 FU Sanofi Pasteur; NIH FX Dr. Salmon has research grants from NIH and CDC and is a paid consultant for Merck through their vaccine policy board. Dr. Halsey received salary support through a grant from Sanofi Pasteur. No other authors have any conflicts. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1002 WEST AVENUE, 2ND FLOOR, AUSTIN, TX 78701 USA SN 1554-8619 J9 HUM VACCINES JI Hum. Vaccines PD AUG PY 2009 VL 5 IS 8 BP 557 EP 561 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 541LN UT WOS:000273417300008 PM 19556887 ER PT J AU Cox-Ganser, JM Rao, CY Park, JH Schumpert, JC Kreiss, K AF Cox-Ganser, J. M. Rao, C. Y. Park, J. -H. Schumpert, J. C. Kreiss, K. TI Asthma and respiratory symptoms in hospital workers related to dampness and biological contaminants SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE Building-related asthma; Indoor environmental quality; Mold; Ergosterol; Healthcare workers; Dampness ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; INDOOR AIR-QUALITY; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; RISK-FACTORS; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; MOLD; FORMALDEHYDE; PREVALENCE AB P>The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health investigated respiratory symptoms and asthma in relation to damp indoor environments in employees of two hospitals. A cluster of six work-related asthma cases from one hospital department, whose symptoms arose during a time of significant water incursions, led us to conduct a survey of respiratory health in 1171/1834 employees working in the sentinel cases hospital and a nearby hospital without known indoor environmental concerns. We carried out observational assessment of dampness, air, chair, and floor dust sampling for biological contaminants, and investigation of exposure-response associations for about 500 participants. Many participants with post-hire onset asthma reported diagnosis dates in a period of water incursions and renovations. Post-hire asthma and work-related lower respiratory symptoms were positively associated with the dampness score. Work-related lower respiratory symptoms showed monotonically increasing odds ratios with ergosterol, a marker of fungal biomass. Other fungal and bacterial indices, particle counts, cat allergen and latex allergen were associated with respiratory symptoms. Our data imply new-onset of asthma in relation to water damage, and indicate that work-related respiratory symptoms in hospital workers may be associated with diverse biological contaminants. C1 [Cox-Ganser, J. M.] NIOSH, Field Studies Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Schumpert, J. C.] Resources Environm & Occupat Hlth Inc, Missoula, MT USA. RP Cox-Ganser, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Field Studies Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,M-S 2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM Jcoxganser@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX The authors would like to thank the NIOSH field team for their work during the site visits, Ken Wallingford and Abbas Virji for technical review of the paper, the hospital management for their cooperation enabling data collection, and the hospital employees who were participants in the study. This study was funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 40 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0905-6947 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD AUG PY 2009 VL 19 IS 4 BP 280 EP 290 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2009.00586.x PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 471BZ UT WOS:000268029700002 PM 19500175 ER PT J AU Boyer, AE Quinn, CP Hoffmaster, AR Kozel, TR Saile, E Marston, CK Percival, A Plikaytis, BD Woolfitt, AR Gallegos, M Sabourin, P McWilliams, LG Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Boyer, Anne E. Quinn, Conrad P. Hoffmaster, Alex R. Kozel, Thomas R. Saile, Elke Marston, Chung K. Percival, Ann Plikaytis, Brian D. Woolfitt, Adrian R. Gallegos, Maribel Sabourin, Patrick McWilliams, Lisa G. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Kinetics of Lethal Factor and Poly-D-Glutamic Acid Antigenemia during Inhalation Anthrax in Rhesus Macaques SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; TOXIN; NEUTROPHILS; RESISTANCE; HOST; MICE; INFECTION AB Systemic anthrax manifests as toxemia, rapidly disseminating septicemia, immune collapse, and death. Virulence factors include the anti-phagocytic gamma-linked poly-D-glutamic acid (PGA) capsule and two binary toxins, complexes of protective antigen (PA) with lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. We report the characterization of LF, PA, and PGA levels during the course of inhalation anthrax in five rhesus macaques. We describe bacteremia, blood differentials, and detection of the PA gene (pagA) by PCR analysis of the blood as confirmation of infection. For four of five animals tested, LF exhibited a triphasic kinetic profile. LF levels (mean +/- standard error [SE] between animals) were low at 24 h postchallenge (0.03 +/- 1.82 ng/ml), increased at 48 h to 39.53 +/- 0.12 ng/ml (phase 1), declined at 72 h to 13.31 +/- 0.24 ng/ml (phase 2), and increased at 96 h (82.78 +/- 2.01 ng/ml) and 120 h (185.12 +/- 5.68 ng/ml; phase 3). The fifth animal had an extended phase 2. PGA levels were triphasic; they were nondetectable at 24 h, increased at 48 h (2,037 +/- 2 ng/ml), declined at 72 h (14 +/- 0.2 ng/ml), and then increased at 96 h (3,401 +/- 8 ng/ml) and 120 h (6,004 +/- 187 ng/ml). Bacteremia was also triphasic: positive at 48 h, negative at 72 h, and positive at euthanasia. Blood neutrophils increased from preexposure (34.4% +/- 0.13%) to 48 h (75.6% +/- 0.08%) and declined at 72 h (62.4% +/- 0.05%). The 72-h declines may establish a "go/no go" turning point in infection, after which systemic bacteremia ensues and the host's condition deteriorates. This study emphasizes the value of LF detection as a tool for early diagnosis of inhalation anthrax before the onset of fulminant systemic infection. C1 [Gallegos, Maribel; McWilliams, Lisa G.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Boyer, Anne E.; Woolfitt, Adrian R.; Gallegos, Maribel; McWilliams, Lisa G.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Quinn, Conrad P.; Saile, Elke; Plikaytis, Brian D.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hoffmaster, Alex R.; Marston, Chung K.] Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kozel, Thomas R.; Percival, Ann] Univ Nevada, Sch Med, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Sabourin, Patrick] Battelle Biomed Res Ctr, W Jefferson, OH USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JBarr@cdc.gov FU Public Health Service [AI059348, AI061200]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response FX This study was supported in part by Public Health Service grants AI059348 (T. R. K. and A. P.) and AI061200 (T. R. K. and A. P.). The research described in this publication was supported by funds made available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response. NR 50 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 77 IS 8 BP 3432 EP 3441 DI 10.1128/IAI.00346-09 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 471ZX UT WOS:000268098400034 PM 19506008 ER PT J AU Gaynes, RP Gould, CV Edwards, J Antoine, TL Blumberg, HM DeSilva, K King, M Kraman, A Pack, J Ribner, B Seybold, U Steinberg, J Jernigan, JA AF Gaynes, Robert P. Gould, Carolyn V. Edwards, Jonathan Antoine, Theresa L. Blumberg, Henry M. DeSilva, Kathryn King, Mark Kraman, Alice Pack, Jan Ribner, Bruce Seybold, Ulrich Steinberg, James Jernigan, John A. TI A Multicenter Study on Optimizing Piperacillin-Tazobactam Use: Lessons on Why Interventions Fail SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; DECISION-SUPPORT AB We examined interventions to optimize piperacillin-tazobactam use at 4 hospitals. Interventions for rotating house staff did not affect use. We could target empiric therapy in only 35% of cases. Because prescribing practices seemed to be institution specific, interventions should address attitudes of local prescribers. Interventions should target empiric therapy and ordering of appropriate cultures. C1 [Gaynes, Robert P.; Gould, Carolyn V.; Edwards, Jonathan; Antoine, Theresa L.; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gaynes, Robert P.; Gould, Carolyn V.; Blumberg, Henry M.; King, Mark; Ribner, Bruce; Steinberg, James; Jernigan, John A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gaynes, Robert P.; DeSilva, Kathryn] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blumberg, Henry M.; King, Mark] Grady Mem Hosp, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kraman, Alice; Steinberg, James] Emory Crawford Long Hosp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pack, Jan; Ribner, Bruce] Emory Univ Hosp, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Seybold, Ulrich] Univ Munich, Med Poliklin, D-8000 Munich, Germany. RP Gaynes, RP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rgaynes@cdc.gov OI Hemenway, Alice/0000-0002-2363-4431 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial support. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 30 IS 8 BP 794 EP 796 DI 10.1086/599002 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 469LD UT WOS:000267898800014 PM 19530943 ER PT J AU Logan, JE AF Logan, J. E. TI Prevention factors for suicide ideation among abused pre/early adolescent youths SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID PROTECTIVE-FACTORS; RISK; VICTIMIZATION; DEPRESSION AB Suicide ideation is a problem among youths who have been previously abused. This study assesses whether three factors (ie, feeling connected to school, having parents who reward good behaviour, and feeling able to cope with peer conflict) are negatively associated with suicidal ideation for 2598 pre/early adolescents with various levels of prior abuse. For the entire youth population, those who reported all three factors were less than half as likely to have suicidal thoughts as those who did not report any of these factors (10.8% vs 30.3%, p<0.05). This pattern was similar and significant for youths who experienced peer abuse (10.2% vs 35.0%, p<0.05) and youths who experienced both early child abuse and peer abuse (21.6% vs 54.8%, p<0.05). Comprehensive programmes that improve school connectedness, parent-child relationships and coping skills to avoid violent peer conflicts may help decrease suicide ideation among youths, particularly those who have been previously abused. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Etiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Logan, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Etiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS-F63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ffa3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 278 EP 280 DI 10.1136/ip.2008.020966 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 478OZ UT WOS:000268598900015 PM 19652004 ER PT J AU Okot-Chono, R Mugisha, F Adatu, F Madraa, E Dlodlo, R Fujiwara, P AF Okot-Chono, R. Mugisha, F. Adatu, F. Madraa, E. Dlodlo, R. Fujiwara, P. TI Health system barriers affecting the implementation of collaborative TB-HIV services in Uganda SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; collaboration; HIV/AIDS barriers ID TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS; CARE; EPIDEMIC AB SETTING: Despite Uganda's efforts to improve tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (TB-HIV) collaborative services, implementation remains low and operational barriers have not been systematically identified and documented. OBJECTIVE: To assess barriers to implementation of TB-HIV collaborative services in five districts in Uganda. DESIGN: In this qualitative study, focus groups and key informant and in-depth interviews were conducted for patients (HIV, TB), health providers and community members. TB registers were also assessed for data on use of TB-HIV collaborative services. RESULTS: Of 333 adult TB patients registered between July and September 2006, 185 (56%) were tested for HIV, of whom 1.34 were HIV-co-infected. Of these, 52% were on cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT), 12% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and CPT, while 36% had not received any HIV service. Health system barriers identified included poor TB-HIV planning, coordination and leadership, inadequate dissemination of policy, inadequate provider knowledge, limited TB-HIV interclinic referral, poor service integration and recording, logistical shortages, high costs of services and provider shortages amidst high patient loads. CONCLUSION: Implementation and utilisation of collaborative TB-HIV services remains suboptimal. The barriers identified highlight the need for TB and HIV programmes to support districts to plan, coordinate and invest resources in TB-HIV collaborative services, especially in policy dissemination, training health providers, integration of TB-HIV services, logistical management and monitoring. C1 [Okot-Chono, R.; Dlodlo, R.; Fujiwara, P.] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, Paris, France. [Mugisha, F.] Reg Ctr Qual Hlth Care, Kampala, Uganda. [Adatu, F.] Natl TB & Leprosy Programme, Kampala, Uganda. [Madraa, E.] Natl AIDS Control Programme, Kampala, Uganda. [Fujiwara, P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Okot-Chono, R (reprint author), Int Union TB & Lung Dis HIV, POB 16094, Kampala 256, Uganda. EM rokotchono@theunion.org NR 24 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 13 IS 8 BP 955 EP 961 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 477JW UT WOS:000268516300006 PM 19723374 ER PT J AU Oster, AM Sullivan, PS Blair, JM AF Oster, Alexandra M. Sullivan, Patrick S. Blair, Janet M. TI Prevalence of Cervical Cancer Screening of HIV-Infected Women in the United States SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections CY FEB 08-11, 2009 CL Montreal, CANADA DE HIV infections/complications; mass screening; uterine cervical dysplasia/diagnosis; uterine cervical neoplasms/diagnosis; vaginal smears ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; PAPANICOLAOU SMEARS; RISK-FACTORS; SELF-REPORT; PAP-SMEAR; NEOPLASIA; ACCURACY; RECOMMENDATIONS AB Background: HIV-infected women are at increased risk of cervical cytologic abnormalities. HIV treatment guidelines recommend annual Papanicolaou (Pap) tests for HIV-infected women. We assessed screening prevalence and associated factors among HIV-infected women. Methods: We used data collected during 2000-2004 in an interview study of HIV-infected persons in 18 states. We performed logistic regression to describe factors associated with not having an annual Pap test. Results: Of 2417 women, 556 (23.0%) did not report receiving a Pap test during the past year. Not having a Pap test was associated with increasing age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.3 per 10 years, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1 to 1.4] and most recent CD4 count of <200 cells per microliter (AOR = 1.6, CI: 1.1 to 2.1) or unknown (AOR = 1.4, CI: 1.1 to 1.7; both vs. CD4 Count of >= 200 cells/mu L). Odds of a missed Pap test increased for women whose most recent pelvic exam was not performed at their usual source of HIV care (AOR = 2.6, CI: 2.1 to 3.2). Conclusions: Nearly 1 in 4 women did not receive an annual Pap test. HIV care providers should ensure that HIV-infected women receive annual Pap tests, recognizing that missed Pap tests are more likely among older women and women with low CD4 cell counts. Integrating HIV and gynecologic care and educating clinicians about recommendations may increase screening. C1 [Oster, Alexandra M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Oster, Alexandra M.; Sullivan, Patrick S.; Blair, Janet M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sullivan, Patrick S.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Oster, AM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aoster@cdc.gov OI Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 NR 32 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 51 IS 4 BP 430 EP 436 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 470RJ UT WOS:000267997100009 PM 19474756 ER PT J AU Uy, J Armon, C Buchacz, K Wood, K Brooks, JT AF Uy, Jonathan Armon, Carl Buchacz, Kate Wood, Kathy Brooks, John T. CA HOPS Investigators TI Initiation of HAART at Higher CD4 Cell Counts Is Associated With a Lower Frequency of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations at Virologic Failure SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International-AIDS-Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention CY JUL 22-25, 2007 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP Int AIDS Soc DE genotype; HIV; viral drug resistance ID HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; THERAPY; HIV; COHORT; RISK AB Background: There are limited data on the risk of developing HIV drug resistance based on the CD4 cell count at which highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is initiated. Methods: We examined data from participants in the HIV Outpatient Study who initiated antiretroviral therapy with HAART in 1999 or later (when genotypic resistance testing became more commonly used in clinical practice and in the HIV Outpatient Study), achieved virologic suppression, and subsequently experienced virologic failure and received a genotypic assay for antiretroviral resistance mutations. We assessed the frequency of resistance mutations at virologic failure and the differences in the frequencies of mutations by the CD4 stratum at which HAART was initiated using the Cochran-Armitage exact test. Results: Of 683 patients who achieved virologic suppression on a first HAART regimen, 243 had virologic failure and 78 of these had a genotype resistance test done. Among these patients, the frequency of any HIV resistance mutations was 50% among patients who started HAART at 0-199 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter or 200-349 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter compared with 22% among patients who started HAART at; >= 350 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter (P = 0.062). The frequency of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-associated mutations was 48%, 31%, and 11% among persons who initiated nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-containing HAART within these respective CD4 cell count strata (P = 0.005). We observed similar trends for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-associated (P = 0.040) and protease inhibitor-associated (P = 0.063) mutations among persons initiating HAART containing these agents. Conclusions: Patients failing HAART that was initiated at <350 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter had higher frequencies of resistance mutations to the classes of antiretrovirals to which they had been exposed than failing patients who initiated at >= 350 CD4 cells per cubic millimeter. Initiating HAART at higher CD4 cell counts may decrease the risk of developing treatment-limiting antiretroviral resistance. C1 [Uy, Jonathan] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Armon, Carl; Wood, Kathy] Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA. [Buchacz, Kate; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Uy, J (reprint author), Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Virol Med Strategy, 777 Scudders Mill Rd, Plainsboro, NJ 08536 USA. EM jonathan.uy@bms.com NR 10 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 51 IS 4 BP 450 EP 453 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 470RJ UT WOS:000267997100012 PM 19474757 ER PT J AU Khan, MR Bolyard, M Sandoval, M Mateu-Gelabert, P Krauss, B Aral, SO Friedman, SR AF Khan, Maria R. Bolyard, Melissa Sandoval, Milagros Mateu-Gelabert, Pedro Krauss, Beatrice Aral, Sevgi O. Friedman, Samuel R. TI Social and Behavioral Correlates of Sexually Transmitted Infection- and HIV-Discordant Sexual Partnerships in Bushwick, Brooklyn, New York SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 28th International Sunbelt Social Network Conference CY JAN 26, 2008 CL St Pete Beach, FL DE Bushwick; discordant partnerships; HIV; sexual behavior; sexually transmitted infections; social factors; substance use ID UNITED-STATES; MIXING PATTERNS; AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; RISK BEHAVIORS; YOUNG-ADULTS; PREVALENCE; WOMEN; PREVENTION; NETWORKS; DISEASES AB Introduction: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advise repeat HIV testing for partners of HIV-infected persons; injection drug users and their sex partners; individuals with recent multiple partnerships and their sex partners; those involved in sex trade; and men who have sex with men. Additional social and behavioral variables may be useful for identifying priority populations. Methods: We analyzed data collected during a social network study conducted in a Brooklyn, NY, neighborhood to identify social and behavioral characteristics of respondents (N = 343) involved in HIV-discordant, herpes simplex virus-2- discordant, and chlamydia-discordant partnerships. Results: HIV partnership discordance was associated with injection drug use but was generally not associated with sexual behaviors including multiple partnerships and sex trade. herpes simplex virus-2 and chlamydia partnership discordance were associated with multiple partnerships, sex trade, and same sex partnership history. Additional correlates of sexually transmitted infection (STI)/HIV-discordant partnerships included older age (>= 25 years), noninjection drug use, and incarceration history. Analyses suggested that screening tools composed of CDC-recommended sexual risk and injection drug indicators plus indicators of older age, noninjection drug use, and incarceration were more effective in identifying STI/HIV priority populations than tools composed of CDC indicators alone. Conclusions: Screening tools that include social and behavioral indicators may improve STI/HIV case-finding effectiveness. C1 [Khan, Maria R.; Sandoval, Milagros; Mateu-Gelabert, Pedro; Friedman, Samuel R.] Natl Dev & Res Inst Inc, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Khan, Maria R.] Publ Hlth Solut, New York, NY USA. [Bolyard, Melissa] Emory Coll Arts & Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Krauss, Beatrice] CUNY Hunter, Ctr AIDS Drugs & Community Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Aral, Sevgi O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Khan, MR (reprint author), Natl Dev & Res Inst Inc, 71 W 23rd St, New York, NY 10010 USA. EM maria_khan@unc.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [5T32 DA07233, R01 DA013128, R01DA013128, T32 DA007233] NR 45 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 51 IS 4 BP 470 EP 485 PG 16 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 470RJ UT WOS:000267997100016 PM 19458533 ER PT J AU Lambert, AJ Lanciotti, RS AF Lambert, Amy J. Lanciotti, Robert S. TI Consensus Amplification and Novel Multiplex Sequencing Method for S Segment Species Identification of 47 Viruses of the Orthobunyavirus, Phlebovirus, and Nairovirus Genera of the Family Bunyaviridae SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTASE-PCR ASSAY; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES; RAPID DETECTION; REASSORTANT; BUNYAMWERA; OUTBREAKS; DISEASE; SAMPLES AB A reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay was designed, according to previously determined and newly derived genetic data, to target S genomic segments of 47 viruses, including 29 arthropod-borne human pathogens, of the family Bunyaviridae. The analytical sensitivity of the presented assay was evaluated through its application to RNAs extracted from quantitated dilutions of bunyaviruses of interest. Additionally, the assay's analytical specificity was determined through the evaluation of RNAs extracted from selected bunyaviruses and other representative arthropod-borne viruses isolated from a diverse group of host species and temporal and geographic origins. After RT-PCR amplification, DNAs amplified from bunyaviruses of interest were subjected to a novel multiplex sequencing method to confirm bunyavirus positivity and provide preliminary, species-level S segment identification. It is our goal that this assay will be used as a tool for identification and characterization of emergent arthropod-borne bunyavirus isolates of medical import as well as related viruses of the family Bunyaviridae that have not been associated with human illness. C1 [Lambert, Amy J.; Lanciotti, Robert S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept HHS, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Lambert, AJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ahk7@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 47 IS 8 BP 2398 EP 2404 DI 10.1128/JCM.00182-09 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 477DV UT WOS:000268499600007 PM 19535518 ER PT J AU Tenover, FC Gay, EA Frye, S Eells, SJ Healy, M McGowan, JE AF Tenover, Fred C. Gay, Emily A. Frye, Stacie Eells, Samantha J. Healy, Mimi McGowan, John E., Jr. TI Comparison of Typing Results Obtained for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates with the DiversiLab System and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE-BASED PCR; UNITED-STATES; STRAIN DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS; DATABASE AB We compared the results of typing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates using the DiversiLab system (DL) to the results obtained using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). One hundred five MRSA isolates of PFGE types USA100 to USA1100 and the Brazilian clone, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Project ICARE strain collections, were typed using DL. In addition, four unique sets of MRSA isolates from purported MRSA outbreaks that had been previously typed by DL, each consisting of six isolates (where five isolates were classified as indistinguishable by DL and one was an unrelated DL type) were typed by PFGE. DL separated the 105 MRSA isolates of known USA types into 11 clusters and six unique banding patterns. DL grouped most of the USA100, USA200, and USA1100 isolates into unique clusters. Multilocus sequence type 8 isolates (i.e., USA300 and USA500) often clustered together at > 95% similarity in DL dendrograms. Nevertheless, USA300 and USA500 DL patterns could be distinguished using the pattern overlay function of the DL software. Among the hospital outbreak clusters, PFGE and DL identified the same "unrelated" organism in three of four sets. However, PFGE showed more pattern diversity than did DL, suggesting that two of the sets were less likely to represent true outbreaks. In summary, DL is useful for screening MRSA isolates to rule out potential outbreaks of MRSA in hospitals, but PFGE provides better discrimination of potential outbreak strains and is more useful for confirming strain relatedness and specific USA types. C1 [McGowan, John E., Jr.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Tenover, Fred C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Frye, Stacie; Healy, Mimi] Bacterial Barcodes Inc, Athens, GA USA. RP McGowan, JE (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jmcgowa@emory.edu RI mcgowan jr, john/G-5404-2011 FU Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE; Elan Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ; Pfizer Incorporated, New York, NY; 3M Health Care Products, St. Paul, MN FX Phase 5 of Project ICARE was supported in part by unrestricted research grants to the Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University by Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE; Elan Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ; Pfizer Incorporated, New York, NY; and 3M Health Care Products, St. Paul, MN. NR 18 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 47 IS 8 BP 2452 EP 2457 DI 10.1128/JCM.00476-09 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 477DV UT WOS:000268499600014 PM 19553588 ER PT J AU Kozak, NA Benson, RF Brown, E Alexander, NT Taylor, TH Shelton, BG Fields, BS AF Kozak, Natalia A. Benson, Robert F. Brown, Ellen Alexander, Nicole T. Taylor, Thomas H., Jr. Shelton, Brian G. Fields, Barry S. TI Distribution of lag-1 Alleles and Sequence-Based Types among Legionella pneumophila Serogroup 1 Clinical and Environmental Isolates in the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; DISCRIMINATORY ABILITY; SCHEME; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; STRAINS; POPULATION; SUBGROUPS; OUTBREAK; PATTERNS AB Approximately 84% of legionellosis cases are due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. Moreover, a majority of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 clinical isolates react positively with monoclonal antibody 2 (MAb2) of the international standard panel. Over 94% of the legionellosis outbreaks investigated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are due to this subset of L. pneumophila serogroup 1. To date, there is no complete explanation for the enhanced ability of these strains to cause disease. To better characterize these organisms, we subtyped 100 clinical L. pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates and 50 environmental L. pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates from the United States by (i) reactivity with MAb2, (ii) presence of a lag-1 gene required for the MAb2 epitope, and (iii) sequence-based typing analysis. Our results showed that the MAb2 epitope and lag-1 gene are overrepresented in clinical L. pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates. MAb2 recognized 75% of clinical isolates but only 6% of environmental isolates. Similarly, 75% of clinical isolates but only 8% of environmental isolates harbored lag-1. We identified three distinct lag-1 alleles, referred to as Philadelphia, Arizona, and Lens alleles, among 79 isolates carrying this gene. The Arizona allele is described for the first time in this study. We identified 59 different sequence types (STs), and 34 STs (58%) were unique to the United States. Our results support the hypothesis that a select group of STs may have an enhanced ability to cause legionellosis. Combining sequence typing and lag-1 analysis shows that STs tend to associate with a single lag-1 allele type, suggesting a hierarchy of virulence genotypes. Further analysis of ST and lag-1 profiles may identify genotypes of L. pneumophila serogroup 1 that warrant immediate intervention. C1 [Kozak, Natalia A.; Benson, Robert F.; Brown, Ellen; Alexander, Nicole T.; Taylor, Thomas H., Jr.; Fields, Barry S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Shelton, Brian G.] PathCon Labs, Norcross, GA 30092 USA. RP Kozak, NA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G03, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM htv2@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 47 IS 8 BP 2525 EP 2535 DI 10.1128/JCM.02410-08 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 477DV UT WOS:000268499600026 PM 19553574 ER PT J AU Satola, SW Caliendo, AM Farley, MM Patel, JB Burd, EM AF Satola, Sarah W. Caliendo, Angela M. Farley, Monica M. Patel, Jean B. Burd, Eileen M. TI Lack of Heteroresistance among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates with Vancomycin MICs of 2 Micrograms per Milliliter by Automated Testing SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID POPULATION ANALYSIS; RESISTANT C1 [Satola, Sarah W.; Caliendo, Angela M.; Burd, Eileen M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Decatur, GA USA. [Patel, Jean B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Satola, SW (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM ssatola@emory.edu NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 47 IS 8 BP 2680 EP 2681 DI 10.1128/JCM.01184-09 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 477DV UT WOS:000268499600061 PM 19553587 ER PT J AU Cox, PJ AF Cox, Pamela J. TI BRIEF REPORT OF COMMUNITY OWNERSHIP OF LOCAL COALITIONS: COMMUNITY MEMBERS' PERSPECTIVES SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERCEIVED OWNERSHIP; HEALTH AB Although community ownership has been described as critical to the long-term effectiveness of local coalitions, a lack of consensus exists regarding what community ownership is and what exactly is being owned. This exploratory study examined community ownership of coalitions that address domestic violence from the perspective of community members who initiated and operated these coalitions. Qualitative data collection methods included interviews, observations, and archival review of coalition records. Findings expand current conceptualizations of what community ownership is and how it develops. Results may inform future research regarding how community ownership affects the effectiveness of a coalition's programs and how researchers and government agencies partner with coalitions to address health problems. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cox, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM pcox@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0090-4392 J9 J COMMUNITY PSYCHOL JI J. Community Psychol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 37 IS 6 BP 789 EP 794 DI 10.1002/jcop.20319 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology; Social Work GA 472SD UT WOS:000268151500010 ER PT J AU Ma, L Zhang, GD Gerner-Smidt, P Mantripragada, V Ezeoke, I Doyle, MP AF Ma, Li Zhang, Guodong Gerner-Smidt, Peter Mantripragada, Vijaya Ezeoke, Ifeoma Doyle, Michael P. TI Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella in Peanut Butter SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; HEAT TOLERANCE; BEEF; TYPHIMURIUM; VALIDATION; SEROVARS; CHICKEN; TURKEY; SPP. AB The objective of this study was to determine the rates of thermal inactivation of three Salmonella Tennessee strains in peanut butter associated with an outbreak and to compare them to the rates of inactivation of Salmonella strains of other serotypes (Enteritidis, Typhimurium, and Heidelberg) (SSOS) and of clinical isolates of Salmonella Tennessee from sporadic cases (STSC). Commercial peanut butter was inoculated with Salmonella isolates and heated at 71, 77, 83, and 90 degrees C. The thermal inactivation curves were upwardly concave, indicating rapid death at the beginning (20 min) of heating followed by lower death rates thereafter. The first-order kinetics approach and nonlinear Weibull model were used to fit the inactivation curves and describe the rates of thermal inactivation of Salmonella in peanut butter. The calculated minimum times needed to obtain a 7-log reduction at 90 degrees C for the composited three outbreak-associated strains were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those of SSOS and STSC. Approximately 120 min were needed to reduce the outbreak strains of Salmonella Tennessee by 7 log, whereas 86 and 55 min were needed for SSOS and STSC, respectively. These results indicate that the outbreak-associated Salmonella strains were more thermotolerant than the other Salmonella strains tested, and this greater thermal resistance was not serotype specific. Thermal treatments of peanut butter at 90 degrees C for less than 30 min are not sufficient to kill large populations (5 log CFU/g) of Salmonella in highly contaminated peanut butter. C1 [Ma, Li; Zhang, Guodong; Mantripragada, Vijaya; Ezeoke, Ifeoma; Doyle, Michael P.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Gerner-Smidt, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Doyle, MP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM mdoyle@uga.edu NR 13 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 6 U2 43 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 72 IS 8 BP 1596 EP 1601 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 483DH UT WOS:000268941700001 PM 19722389 ER PT J AU Kirkland, E Green, LR Stone, C Reimann, D Nicholas, D Mason, R Frick, R Coleman, S Bushnell, L Blade, H Radke, V Selman, C AF Kirkland, Elizabeth Green, Laura R. Stone, Carmily Reimann, Dave Nicholas, Dave Mason, Ryan Frick, Roberta Coleman, Sandra Bushnell, Lisa Blade, Henry Radke, Vincent Selman, Carol CA EHS-NET Working Grp TI Tomato Handling Practices in Restaurants SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SALMONELLA INFECTIONS; RAW TOMATOES; OUTBREAKS AB In recent years, multiple outbreaks of Salmonella infection have been associated with fresh tomatoes. Investigations have indicated that tomato contamination likely occurred early in the farm-to-consumer chain, although tomato consumption occurred mostly in restaurants. Researchers have hypothesized that tomato handling practices in restaurants may contribute to these outbreaks. However, few empirical data exist on how restaurant workers handle tomatoes. This study was conducted to examine tomato handling practices in restaurants. Members of the Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net) observed tomato handling practices in 449 restaurants. The data indicated that handling tomatoes appropriately posed a challenge to many restaurants. Produce-only cutting boards were not used on 49% of tomato cutting observations, and gloves were not worn in 36% of tomato cutting observations. Although tomatoes were washed under running water as recommended in most (82%) of the washing observations, tomatoes were soaked in standing water, a practice not recommended by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in 18% of observations, and the temperature differential between the wash water and tomatoes did not meet FDA guidelines in 21% of observations. About half of all batches of cut tomatoes in holding areas were above 41 degrees F (5 degrees C), the temperature recommended by the FDA. The maximum holding time for most (73%) of the cut tomatoes held above 41 degrees F exceeded the FDA recommended holding time of 4 h for unrefrigerated tomatoes (i.e., tomatoes held above 41 degrees F). The information provided by this study can be used to inform efforts to develop interventions and thus prevent tomato-associated illness outbreaks. C1 [Kirkland, Elizabeth; Green, Laura R.; Radke, Vincent; Selman, Carol; EHS-NET Working Grp] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Stone, Carmily] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Bur Enviromn Hlth Serv, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Reimann, Dave] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Mankato, MN 56001 USA. [Nicholas, Dave] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Community Environm Hlth & Food Protect, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Mason, Ryan] Metro Publ Hlth Dept, Food Div, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Frick, Roberta] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA 94808 USA. [Coleman, Sandra] Georgia Div Publ Hlth, Dept Human Resources, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Bushnell, Lisa] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Food Protect Program, Div Environm Hlth, Hartford, CT 06134 USA. [Blade, Henry] Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Off Food Protect, Providence, RI 02908 USA. RP Green, LR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, MS F-28,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lrg0@cdc.gov FU CDC [CDC-RFA-EH05-013] FX We thank Jack Guzewich and Shirley Bohm (FDA) for their assistance with study design and data interpretation. This study was supported by states receiving CDC grant awards funded under CDC-RFA-EH05-013. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 72 IS 8 BP 1692 EP 1698 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 483DH UT WOS:000268941700014 PM 19722402 ER PT J AU Logue, CH Bosio, CF Welte, T Keene, KM Ledermann, JP Phillips, A Sheahan, BJ Pierro, DJ Marlenee, N Brault, AC Bosio, CM Singh, AJ Powers, AM Olson, KE AF Logue, Christopher H. Bosio, Christopher F. Welte, Thomas Keene, Kimberley M. Ledermann, Jeremy P. Phillips, Aaron Sheahan, Brian J. Pierro, Dennis J. Marlenee, Nicole Brault, Aaron C. Bosio, Catharine M. Singh, Amber J. Powers, Ann M. Olson, Ken E. TI Virulence variation among isolates of western equine encephalitis virus in an outbred mouse model SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMLIKI-FOREST-VIRUS; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS; SINDBIS VIRUS; GENOMIC RNA; PATHOGENESIS; MICE; EASTERN; INFECTION; SEQUENCE; STRAINS AB Little is known about viral determinants of virulence associated with western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV). Here, we have analysed six North American WEEV isolates in an outbred CD1 mouse model. Full genome sequence analyses showed <= 2.7% divergence among the six WEEV isolates. However, the percentage mortality and mean time to death (MTD) varied significantly when mice received subcutaneous injections of 10(3) p.f.u. of each virus. Two WEEV strains, McMillan (McM) and Imperial 181 (IMP), were the most divergent of the six in genome sequence; McM caused 100% mortality by 5 days post-infection, whereas IMP caused no mortality. McM had significantly higher titres in the brain than IMP. Similar differences in virulence were observed when McM and IMP were administered by aerosol, intranasal or intravenous routes. McM was 100% lethal with an MTD of 1.9 days when 10(3) p.f.u. of each virus was administered by intracerebral inoculation; in contrast, IMP caused no mortality. The presence of IMP in the brains after infection by different routes and the lack of observed mortality confirmed that IMP is neuroinvasive but not neurovirulent. Based on morbidity, mortality, MTD, severity of brain lesions, virus distribution patterns, routes of infection and differences in infection of cultured cells, McM and IMP were identified as high- and low-virulence isolates, respectively. C1 [Logue, Christopher H.; Bosio, Christopher F.; Welte, Thomas; Phillips, Aaron; Pierro, Dennis J.; Marlenee, Nicole; Bosio, Catharine M.; Olson, Ken E.] Colorado State Univ, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brault, Aaron C.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Vector Borne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sheahan, Brian J.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Vet Sci Ctr, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Logue, Christopher H.; Keene, Kimberley M.; Ledermann, Jeremy P.; Singh, Amber J.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Logue, CH (reprint author), Def Sci & Technol Lab, Dept Biomed Sci, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. EM clogue@dstl.gov.uk OI Sheahan, Brian Joseph/0000-0003-2952-4898 FU RMRCE [AI065357] FX We thank Brooke A. Roeper of AIDL for her early preparatory help and Dr Richard Bowen of the Rocky Mountain Regional Center for Excellence (RMRCE) Animal Core for help with mouse studies and intracerebral infections. Many thanks to Mark Delorey of the CDC Information Technology Support office for help with the statistical analyses. This work was supported by RMRCE grant AI065357. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 90 BP 1848 EP 1858 DI 10.1099/vir.0.008656-0 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 479YX UT WOS:000268699400008 PM 19403754 ER PT J AU Damon, IK Davidson, WB Hughes, CM Olson, VA Smith, SK Holman, RC Frey, SE Newman, F Belshe, RB Yan, LH Karem, K AF Damon, Inger K. Davidson, Whitni B. Hughes, Christine M. Olson, Victoria A. Smith, Scott K. Holman, Robert C. Frey, Sharon E. Newman, Frances Belshe, Robert B. Yan, Lihan Karem, Kevin TI Evaluation of smallpox vaccines using variola neutralization SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; VIRUS; VACCINATION; INFECTION; ANKARA; IMMUNOGENICITY; PROTECTION; CHALLENGE; PROTEINS; IMMUNITY AB The search for a 'third'-generation smallpox vaccine has resulted in the development and characterization of several vaccine candidates. A significant barrier to acceptance is the absence of challenge models showing induction of correlates of protective immunity against variola virus. In this light, virus neutralization provides one of few experimental methods to show specific 'in vitro' activity of vaccines against variola virus. Here, we provide characterization of the ability of a modified vaccinia. virus Ankara vaccine to induce variola. virus-neutralizing antibodies, and we provide comparison with the neutralization elicited by standard Dryvax vaccination. C1 [Damon, Inger K.; Davidson, Whitni B.; Hughes, Christine M.; Olson, Victoria A.; Smith, Scott K.; Holman, Robert C.; Karem, Kevin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Frey, Sharon E.; Newman, Frances; Belshe, Robert B.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis & Immunol, Edward A Doisy Res Ctr, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Yan, Lihan] EMMES Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Damon, IK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iad7@cdc.gov FU [N01-AI-25464] FX The authors Would like to acknowledge the assistance of Mark Challberg and Robert Johnson of DMID/NIAID for their assistance in facilitating this study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those Of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the CDC. Funding: N01-AI-25464. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 90 BP 1962 EP 1966 DI 10.1099/vir.0.010553-0 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 479YX UT WOS:000268699400020 PM 19339477 ER PT J AU Griffin, JR Holliday, RC Frazier, E Braithwaite, RL AF Griffin, James R., Jr. Holliday, Rhonda C. Frazier, Emma Braithwaite, Ronald L. TI The BRAVE (Building Resiliency and Vocational Excellence) Program: Evaluation Findings for a Career-Oriented Substance Abuse and Violence Preventive Intervention SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE FOR THE POOR AND UNDERSERVED LA English DT Article DE Substance abuse prevention; violence; resiliency; career development; African American; mentoring; career goals ID DRUG-USE; ADOLESCENTS; URBAN; SCHOOL; YOUTH; AGGRESSION; BEHAVIOR; CHILDREN; ALCOHOL; MALES AB This article examines the effectiveness of a career-oriented intervention for preventing involvement with alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs (ATODs) and violence and for promoting resilient behavior among eighth-grade, African American middle school students (N = 178; n = 92 intervention and n = 86 comparison) through the implementation of the Building Resiliency and Vocational Excellence (BRAVE) Program. Students were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Students in the evaluation participated in the school-based BRAVE Program intervention and the standard public school curriculum. Comparison students participated only in the standard curriculum. Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and violent behavior were assessed for 178 students at baseline, post-test, and one-year follow up (one year after baseline). Results revealed a beneficial effect of the intervention on participants' frequency of use of alcohol (p<.04) and marijuana (p<.05), but no effect for violent behavior. C1 [Griffin, James R., Jr.] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Community Hlth & Prevent Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Holliday, Rhonda C.; Frazier, Emma; Braithwaite, Ronald L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Griffin, JR (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Community Hlth & Prevent Med, 720 Westview Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. EM jgriffin@msm.edu NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 14 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 1049-2089 J9 J HEALTH CARE POOR U JI J. Health Care Poor Underserved PD AUG PY 2009 VL 20 IS 3 BP 798 EP 816 PG 19 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 473JT UT WOS:000268203000017 PM 19648706 ER PT J AU Niska, R Han, B AF Niska, Richard Han, Beth TI The Use of Antiplatelet Agents for Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke in US Ambulatory Care Settings SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE FOR THE POOR AND UNDERSERVED LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Family-Physicians CY SEP 27-30, 2006 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Acad Family Phys DE Antiplatelet agents; secondary prevention; ischemic stroke; ethnic disparities; racial disparities ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; GUIDELINES; ATTACK; PROFESSIONALS; ASSOCIATION; DISPARITIES; STATEMENT; COUNCIL; UPDATE AB Introduction. We examined stroke prevention with antiplatelet agents by U.S. non-federal office physicians and hospital outpatient departments from 2005-2006. Methods. The nationally representative dataset used a multistage (112 primary sampling units, physicians/hospitals, patient medical records) random sample of 1,702 visits by patients 20 years or older with cerebrovascular disease (national estimate: 15.4 million annual visits). Dependent variable: use of antiplatelet agents for patients without contraindications. Independent variables: age, sex, race/ethnicity, payment, primary care provider, prior visits in last year, comorbidities. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations with recommended interventions. Results. Antiplatelet agents were prescribed at 31.1% of visits. Positive predictors: seeing the patient's primary care provider and having five or more comorbidities. Negative predictors: non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity and having six or more prior visits in the last year. Conclusion. Variations by visit characteristics suggest that improvement in using antiplatelet agents is possible, especially for non-Hispanic Black patients. C1 [Niska, Richard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Niska, R (reprint author), 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 3319, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM RNiska@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 1049-2089 J9 J HEALTH CARE POOR U JI J. Health Care Poor Underserved PD AUG PY 2009 VL 20 IS 3 BP 831 EP 839 PG 9 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 473JT UT WOS:000268203000020 PM 19648709 ER PT J AU Kester, KE Cummings, JF Ofori-Anyinam, O Ockenhouse, CF Krzych, U Moris, P Schwenk, R Nielsen, RA Debebe, Z Pinelis, E Juompan, L Williams, J Dowler, M Stewart, VA Wirtz, RA Dubois, MC Lievens, M Cohen, J Ballou, WR Heppner, DG AF Kester, Kent E. Cummings, James F. Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua Ockenhouse, Christian F. Krzych, Urszula Moris, Philippe Schwenk, Robert Nielsen, Robin A. Debebe, Zufan Pinelis, Evgeny Juompan, Laure Williams, Jack Dowler, Megan Stewart, V. Ann Wirtz, Robert A. Dubois, Marie-Claude Lievens, Marc Cohen, Joe Ballou, W. Ripley Heppner, D. Gray, Jr. CA RTS S Vaccine Evaluation Grp TI Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase 2a Trial of Falciparum Malaria Vaccines RTS,S/AS01B and RTS,S/AS02A in Malaria-Naive Adults: Safety, Efficacy, and Immunologic Associates of Protection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY DEC 11-15, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg ID CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; INSTITUTE-OF-RESEARCH; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; IMMUNOGENICITY; CHILDREN; ANTIGEN; RTS,S; FORMULATIONS; RECOGNITION; INFECTION AB Background. To further increase the efficacy of malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02A, we tested the RTS, S antigen formulated using the AS01B Adjuvant System (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals). Methods. In a double-blind, randomized trial, 102 healthy volunteers were evenly allocated to receive RTS,S/AS01B or RTS,S/AS02A vaccine at months 0, 1, and 2 of the study, followed by malaria challenge. Protected vaccine recipients were rechallenged 5 months later. Results. RTS,S/AS01B and RTS,S/AS02A were well tolerated and were safe. The efficacy of RTS,S/AS01B and RTS,S/AS02A was 50% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.9%-67.1%) and 32% (95% CI, 17.6%-47.6%), respectively. At the time of initial challenge, the RTS, S/AS01B group had greater circumsporozoite protein (CSP)-specific immune responses, including higher immunoglobulin (Ig) G titers, higher numbers of CSP-specific CD4(+) T cells expressing >= 2 activation markers (interleukin-2, interferon [IFN]-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or CD40L), and more ex vivo IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospots (ELISPOTs) than did the RTS,S/AS02A group. Protected vaccine recipients had a higher CSP-specific IgG titer (geometric mean titer, 188 vs 73 mg/mL; P <.001), higher numbers of CSP-specific CD4(+) T cells per 106 CD4(+) T cells (median, 963 vs 308 CSP-specific CD4(+) T cells/10(6) CD4(+) T cells; P <.001), and higher numbers of ex vivo IFN-gamma ELISPOTs (mean, 212 vs 96 spots/million cells; P <.001). At rechallenge, 4 of 9 vaccine recipients in each group were still completely protected. Conclusions. The RTS,S/AS01B malaria vaccine warrants comparative field trials with RTS,S/AS02A to determine the best formulation for the protection of children and infants. The association between complete protection and immune responses is a potential tool for further optimization of protection. C1 [Kester, Kent E.; Cummings, James F.; Ockenhouse, Christian F.; Krzych, Urszula; Schwenk, Robert; Nielsen, Robin A.; Debebe, Zufan; Pinelis, Evgeny; Juompan, Laure; Williams, Jack; Dowler, Megan; Stewart, V. Ann; Heppner, D. Gray, Jr.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Wirtz, Robert A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua; Moris, Philippe; Dubois, Marie-Claude; Lievens, Marc; Cohen, Joe; Ballou, W. Ripley] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Kester, KE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM kent.kester@us.army.mil RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 NR 30 TC 217 Z9 221 U1 5 U2 23 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 3 BP 337 EP 346 DI 10.1086/600120 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 465RH UT WOS:000267604000004 PM 19569965 ER PT J AU Murphy, E Andrew, L Lee, KL Dilts, DA Nunez, L Fink, PS Ambrose, K Borrow, R Findlow, J Taha, MK Deghmane, AE Kriz, P Musilek, M Kalmusova, J Caugant, DA Alvestad, T Mayer, LW Sacchi, CT Wang, X Martin, D von Gottberg, A du Plessis, M Klugman, KP Anderson, AS Jansen, KU Zlotnick, GW Hoiseth, SK AF Murphy, Ellen Andrew, Lubomira Lee, Kwok-Leung Dilts, Deborah A. Nunez, Lorna Fink, Pamela S. Ambrose, Karita Borrow, Ray Findlow, Jamie Taha, Muhamed-Kheir Deghmane, Ala-Eddine Kriz, Paula Musilek, Martin Kalmusova, Jitka Caugant, Dominique A. Alvestad, Torill Mayer, Leonard W. Sacchi, Claudio T. Wang, Xin Martin, Diana von Gottberg, Anne du Plessis, Mignon Klugman, Keith P. Anderson, Annaliesa S. Jansen, Kathrin U. Zlotnick, Gary W. Hoiseth, Susan K. TI Sequence Diversity of the Factor H Binding Protein Vaccine Candidate in Epidemiologically Relevant Strains of Serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Pathogenic Neisseria Conference CY SEP, 2008 CL Rotterdam, NETHERLANDS ID MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; EVOLUTIONARY; LIPOPROTEIN; PREVALENCE; VARIANTS; GNA1870; NADA AB Background. Recombinant forms of Neisseria meningitidis human factor H binding protein (fHBP) are undergoing clinical trials in candidate vaccines against invasive meningococcal serogroup B disease. We report an extensive survey and phylogenetic analysis of the diversity of fhbp genes and predicted protein sequences in invasive clinical isolates obtained in the period 2000-2006. Methods. Nucleotide sequences of fhbp genes were obtained from 1837 invasive N. meningitidis serogroup B (MnB) strains from the United States, Europe, New Zealand, and South Africa. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis was performed on a subset of the strains. Results. Every strain contained the fhbp gene. All sequences fell into 1 of 2 subfamilies (A or B), with 60%-75% amino acid identity between subfamilies and at least 83% identity within each subfamily. One fHBP sequence may have arisen via inter-subfamily recombination. Subfamily B sequences were found in 70% of the isolates, and subfamily A sequences were found in 30%. Multiple fHBP variants were detected in each of the common MLST clonal complexes. All major MLST complexes include strains in both subfamily A and subfamily B. Conclusions. The diversity of strains observed underscores the importance of studying the distribution of the vaccine antigen itself rather than relying on common epidemiological surrogates such as MLST. C1 [Murphy, Ellen; Andrew, Lubomira; Lee, Kwok-Leung; Dilts, Deborah A.; Nunez, Lorna; Fink, Pamela S.; Ambrose, Karita; Anderson, Annaliesa S.; Jansen, Kathrin U.; Zlotnick, Gary W.; Hoiseth, Susan K.] Wyeth Vaccines Res, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. [Mayer, Leonard W.; Sacchi, Claudio T.; Wang, Xin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Borrow, Ray; Findlow, Jamie] Manchester Royal Infirm, Hlth Protect Agcy, Manchester M13 9WL, Lancs, England. [Taha, Muhamed-Kheir; Deghmane, Ala-Eddine] Inst Pasteur, Invas Bacterial Infect Unit, Paris, France. [Kriz, Paula; Musilek, Martin; Kalmusova, Jitka] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Prague, Czech Republic. [Caugant, Dominique A.; Alvestad, Torill] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway. [Sacchi, Claudio T.] Inst Adolfo Lutz Registro, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Martin, Diana] Inst Environm Sci & Res, Porirua, New Zealand. [von Gottberg, Anne; du Plessis, Mignon; Klugman, Keith P.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Hoiseth, SK (reprint author), Wyeth Vaccines Res, 401 N Middletown Rd, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. EM hoiseths@wyeth.com RI Krizova, Pavla/M-6120-2015 NR 40 TC 114 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 9 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 3 BP 379 EP 389 DI 10.1086/600141 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 465RH UT WOS:000267604000009 PM 19534597 ER PT J AU Butler, LM Dorsey, G Hladik, W Rosenthal, PJ Brander, C Neilands, TB Mbisa, G Whitby, D Kiepiela, P Mosam, A Mzolo, S Dollard, SC Martin, JN AF Butler, Lisa M. Dorsey, Grant Hladik, Wolfgang Rosenthal, Philip J. Brander, Christian Neilands, Torsten B. Mbisa, Georgina Whitby, Denise Kiepiela, Photini Mosam, Anisa Mzolo, Similo Dollard, Sheila C. Martin, Jeffrey N. TI Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) Seroprevalence in Population-Based Samples of African Children: Evidence for At Least 2 Patterns of KSHV Transmission SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections CY FEB 25-28, 2007 CL Los Angeles, CA ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HIGHLY ENDEMIC AREA; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-8 INFECTION; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; UGANDAN CHILDREN; RISK-FACTORS; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE; HHV-8 INFECTION AB Background. Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ( KSHV) infection is endemic among adult populations in Africa. A prevailing view is that childhood transmission is primarily responsible for the high seroprevalence of KSHV among adults that is observed throughout the continent. However, few studies have directly examined children, particularly in locations where KS is not commonly endemic. Methods. Participants were children aged 1.5-8.9 years, including 427 children from a population-based sample in South Africa, 422 from a population-based sample in Uganda, and 567 from a clinic-based sample in Uganda. All serum specimens were tested by the same laboratory for KSHV antibodies with use of 2 enzyme immunoassays (against K8.1 and ORF65) and 1 immunofluorescence assay. Results. KSHV seroprevalence was 7.5%-9.0% among South African children and was not associated with age. In contrast, in the Ugandan population-based sample, KSHV seroprevalence increased from 10% among 2-year-old children to 30.6% among 8-year-old children (P(trend) <.001). In the Ugandan clinic-based sample, sero-prevalence increased from 9.3% among 2-year-old children to 36.4% among 8-year-old children (P(trend) <.001). trend Conclusion. Two distinct relationships between age and KSHV infection among children imply that KSHV transmission among children is not uniform throughout Africa and is therefore not always responsible for the high seroprevalence observed in adults. There are at least 2 patterns of KSHV transmission in Africa. C1 [Butler, Lisa M.; Dorsey, Grant; Rosenthal, Philip J.; Neilands, Torsten B.; Martin, Jeffrey N.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Hladik, Wolfgang; Dollard, Sheila C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brander, Christian] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Partners AIDS Res Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brander, Christian] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcalona, Spain. [Brander, Christian] Hosp Univ Germans Trias & Pujol, Inst Recerca Sida, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain. [Mbisa, Georgina; Whitby, Denise] Natl Canc Inst Frederick, Frederick, MD USA. [Kiepiela, Photini] MRC, HIV Prevent & Res Unit, Durban, South Africa. [Mosam, Anisa; Mzolo, Similo] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa. RP Butler, LM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, 50 Beale St,Suite 120, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. EM lbutler@psg.ucsf.edu OI Brander, Christian/0000-0002-0548-5778 FU CCR NIH HHS [HHSN261200800001C]; NCI NIH HHS [HHSN261200800001E, R01 CA119903]; NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI027763, U01 AI052142]; NICHD NIH HHS [K01 HD052020, K01 HD052020-03]; NIMH NIH HHS [T32 MH019105] NR 51 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 3 BP 430 EP 438 DI 10.1086/600103 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 465RH UT WOS:000267604000015 PM 19534596 ER PT J AU Haynes, LM Caidi, H Radu, GU Miao, C Harcourt, JL Tripp, RA Anderson, LJ AF Haynes, Lia M. Caidi, Hayat Radu, Gertrud U. Miao, Congrong Harcourt, Jennifer L. Tripp, Ralph A. Anderson, Larry J. TI Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibody Treatment Targeting Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) G Protein Mediates Viral Clearance and Reduces the Pathogenesis of RSV Infection in BALB/c Mice SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE-P; G-GLYCOPROTEIN; F-PROTEIN; CX3C MOTIF; BRONCHIOLITIS; RESPONSES; EOSINOPHILIA; MACROPHAGES; EXPRESSION; INFANTS AB Because the G protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has a CX3C chemokine motif that has been associated with the ability of RSV G protein to modulate the virus-induced host immune response, we examined whether therapeutic treatment with an anti-RSV G monoclonal antibody (mAb), 131-2G, that blocks the CX3C-associated activity of RSV G protein might decrease the pulmonary inflammation associated with infection in BALB/c mice. The results show that treatment with mAb 131-2G on day 3 after RSV infection reduces both inflammation and RSV titer in the lungs. Later administration of anti-RSV G mAb (day 5 after RSV infection) effectively reduced the viral titer but had a minimal effect on pulmonary inflammation. This study suggests that an anti-RSV G mAb might be an effective antiviral, either alone or in combination with anti-RSV F protein neutralizing antibodies, for decreasing the virus-induced host response to infection and improve treatment outcome. C1 [Haynes, Lia M.; Caidi, Hayat; Radu, Gertrud U.; Miao, Congrong; Harcourt, Jennifer L.; Anderson, Larry J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tripp, Ralph A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Haynes, LM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat, Div Viral Dis, Resp & Gastroenteritis Viruses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM loh5@cdc.gov OI Tripp, Ralph/0000-0002-2924-9956 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE); National Institutes of Health [5R01AI06275-03]; Georgia Research Alliance FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the Department of Energy and the CDC. H.C. and G.U.R. are ORISE fellows. This research was also supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (grant 5R01AI06275-03), by the Georgia Research Alliance (support R.A.T.), and by a cooperative research and development agreement between Trellis Biosciences and the CDC NR 35 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2009 VL 200 IS 3 BP 439 EP 447 DI 10.1086/600108 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 465RH UT WOS:000267604000016 PM 19545210 ER PT J AU Promadej-Lanier, N Smith, JM Srinivasan, P McCoy, CF Butera, S Woolfson, AD Malcolm, RK Otten, RA AF Promadej-Lanier, Nattawan Smith, James M. Srinivasan, Priya McCoy, Clare F. Butera, Sal Woolfson, A. David Malcolm, R. Karl Otten, Ron A. TI Development and evaluation of a vaginal ring device for sustained delivery of HIV microbicides to non-human primates SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV interventions; macaques; mucosal transmission; SHIV ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PRECLINICAL INTERVENTIONS; CONTRACEPTIVE RING; INTRAVAGINAL RINGS; ESTRADIOL ACETATE; VACCINE RESEARCH; CHALLENGES; PREVENTION; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION AB Background There is considerable interest in developing coitally independent, sustained release formulations for long-term administration of HIV microbicides. Vaginal ring devices are at the forefront of this formulation strategy. Methods Non-medicated silicone elastomer vaginal rings were prepared having a range of appropriate dimensions for testing vaginal fit in pig-tailed and Chinese rhesus macaques. Cervicovaginal proinflammatory markers were evaluated. Compression testing was performed to compare the relative flexibility of various macaque and commercial human rings. Results All rings remained in place during the study period and no tissue irritation or significant induction of cervicovaginal proinflammatory markers or signs of physical discomfort were observed during the 8-week study period. Conclusions Qualitative evaluation suggests that the 25 x 5-mm ring provided optimal fit in both macaque species. Based on the results presented here, low-consistency silicone elastomers do not cause irritation in macaques and are proposed as suitable materials for the manufacture of microbicide-loaded vaginal rings. C1 [Promadej-Lanier, Nattawan; Smith, James M.; Srinivasan, Priya; Butera, Sal; Otten, Ron A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV, AIDS Prevent,Natl Ctr HIV,STD,TB Prevent,CCID, Atlanta, GA USA. [McCoy, Clare F.; Woolfson, A. David; Malcolm, R. Karl] Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Med Biol, Sch Pharm, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Otten, RA (reprint author), CDC, Branch Lab, DHAP, NCHSTP,CCID, Mailstop G-19,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rxo1@cdc.gov FU US Department of Health and Human Services FX We thank Eddie Jackson, James Mitchell, and their colleagues in the Animal Resources Branch (ARB), Division of Scientific Resources (DSR), CDC (Atlanta, GA), for performing many macaque-related tasks including the animal husbandry of the cohort associated with this study; Dr Brianna Skinner-Harris of ARB, DSR, CDC for serving as the attending veterinarian for this study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC/ATSDR. The authors have no commercial or other associations that might pose a conflict of interest. The use of trade names is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 45 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0047-2565 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 38 IS 4 BP 263 EP 271 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2009.00354.x PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 466ZP UT WOS:000267705000008 PM 19476564 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Zhou, JH Bellini, WJ Xu, WB Rota, PA AF Zhang, Yan Zhou, Jianhui Bellini, William J. Xu, Wenbo Rota, Paul A. TI Genetic Characterization of Chinese Measles Vaccines by Analysis of Complete Genomic Sequences SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE measles; vaccine; genomic; sequence ID VIRUS-VACCINE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; ATTENUATION PHENOTYPES; NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; CELLULAR RECEPTOR; C-PROTEIN; REPLICATION; STRAINS; TRANSCRIPTION; PARAMYXOVIRUSES AB The complete genomic sequences of two Chinese measles vaccine viruses, Shanghai-191 (S-191) and Changchun-47 (C-47), were determined and compared to the sequences of other measles vaccine strains as well as the prototype measles strain, Edmonston wild-type (Edwt). Compared to Edwt, S-191 and C-47 had 49 and 43 nucleotide changes, respectively. These differences were found at 52 nucleotide positions that were not found in other vaccine strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the all of the available genomic sequences for measles vaccines showed that S-191 and C-47 were most closely related to the Leningrad-4 strain. S-191 and C-47 shared conserved vaccine virus-specific amino acid changes in the phosphoprotein (P), V, C, matrix (M), and hemagglutinin (H) that could represent important targets for future studies aimed at understanding the molecular basis of attenuation. In addition, S-191 and C-47 had several unique amino acid changes including 13 positions that differed from Edwt. This is the first comparison of the complete genomic sequences of Chinese measles vaccines to the sequences of other vaccine strains. J. Med. Virol. 81:1477-1483, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Zhang, Yan; Xu, Wenbo] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yan; Xu, Wenbo] World Hlth Org, Reg Measles Reference Lab Western Pacific Reg, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yan; Bellini, William J.; Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhou, Jianhui] Jilin Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Changchun, Peoples R China. RP Xu, WB (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, 27 Nanwei Rd, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. EM wenbo_xu1@yahoo.com.cn NR 41 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 81 IS 8 BP 1477 EP 1483 DI 10.1002/jmv.21535 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 465TR UT WOS:000267611000021 PM 19551837 ER PT J AU Ku, BK Kulkarni, P AF Ku, Bon Ki Kulkarni, Pramod TI Morphology of single-wall carbon nanotube aggregates generated by electrospray of aqueous suspensions SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs); Electrosprays; Water suspensions; Straight fiber; Aerosols; Agglomeration ID PULMONARY TOXICITY; MOBILITY ANALYSIS; SCALING LAWS; HEALTH-RISKS; SIZE; NANOPARTICLES; RESPONSES; EXPOSURE; MICE AB Airborne single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have a high tendency to agglomerate due to strong interparticle attractive forces. The SWCNT agglomerates generally have complex morphologies with an intricate network of bundles of nanotubes and nanoropes, which limits their usefulness in many applications. It is thus desirable to produce SWCNT aerosol particles that have well-defined, unagglomerated fibrous morphologies. We present a method to generate unagglomerated, fibrous particles of SWCNT aerosols using capillary electrospray of aqueous suspensions. The effects of the operating parameters of capillary electrospray such as strength of buffer solution, capillary diameter, flow rate, and colloidal particle concentration on the size distributions of SWCNT aerosols were investigated. Results showed that electrospray from a suspension of higher nanotube concentration produced a bimodal distribution of SWCNT aerosols. Monodisperse SWCNT aerosols below 100 nm were mostly non-agglomerated single fibers, while polydisperse aerosols larger than 100 nm had two distinct morphologies: a ribbon shape and the long, straight fiber. Possible mechanisms are suggested to explain the formation of the different shapes, which could be used to produce SWCNT aerosols with different morphologies. C1 [Ku, Bon Ki; Kulkarni, Pramod] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ku, BK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R3, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM BKu@cdc.gov; PSKulkarni@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [CAN 9270082] FX This work was funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health through the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) program ( Project CAN 9270082). NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1393 EP 1403 DI 10.1007/s11051-008-9527-4 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 482BH UT WOS:000268857900010 ER PT J AU Laney, AS Attfield, MD AF Laney, A. Scott Attfield, Michael D. TI Quartz Exposure Can Cause Pneumoconiosis in Coal Workers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID MINE DUST C1 [Laney, A. Scott; Attfield, Michael D.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Surveillance Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Laney, AS (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Surveillance Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 51 IS 8 BP 867 EP 867 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181b2f3f1 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 482OU UT WOS:000268899400001 PM 19667833 ER PT J AU Wei, MC Banaei, N Yakrus, MA Stoll, T Gutierrez, KM Agarwal, R AF Wei, Michael C. Banaei, Niaz Yakrus, Mitchell A. Stoll, Tracey Gutierrez, Kathleen M. Agarwal, Rajni TI Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Immunocompromised Patients Single Institution Experience SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pediatrics; Mycobacterium; oncology; transplant; bacteremia; pulmonary ID RAPIDLY GROWING MYCOBACTERIA; CATHETER-RELATED INFECTIONS; CHELONAE; CHILDREN; CLARITHROMYCIN; BACTEREMIA; DISEASES AB Disseminated infection due to nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) species is rare in pediatrics. Here we report 6 infections affecting 5 patients at a single institution in ail immunocompromised population of pediatric oncology and stem cell transplant recipients. The patients presented within a I-year period with catheter-associated bacteremia. New pulmonary nodules were noted in 4 of the 5 patients. All of the infections were due to rapidly growing NTM. Patients were successfully treated with removal of the infected catheter and combination antibiotic therapy. There are currently no consensus guidelines for treatment of NTM infections in this population, and a therapeutic approach is presented here. C1 [Wei, Michael C.; Gutierrez, Kathleen M.; Agarwal, Rajni] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Palo Alto, CA 94604 USA. [Wei, Michael C.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Palo Alto, CA 94604 USA. [Gutierrez, Kathleen M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Palo Alto, CA 94604 USA. [Agarwal, Rajni] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Stem Cell Transplantat, Palo Alto, CA 94604 USA. [Banaei, Niaz] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Palo Alto, CA 94604 USA. [Wei, Michael C.; Stoll, Tracey; Gutierrez, Kathleen M.; Agarwal, Rajni] Lucile Packard Childrens Hosp, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Yakrus, Mitchell A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Agarwal, R (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 1000 Welch Rd,Suite 301, Palo Alto, CA 94604 USA. EM kdnakash@stanford.edu NR 18 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1077-4114 J9 J PEDIAT HEMATOL ONC JI J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 31 IS 8 BP 556 EP 560 PG 5 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA 481MH UT WOS:000268815000006 PM 19641470 ER PT J AU Paris, CA Imperatore, G Klingensmith, G Petitti, D Rodriguez, B Anderson, AM Schwartz, ID Standiford, DA Pihoker, C AF Paris, Carolyn A. Imperatore, Giuseppina Klingensmith, Georgeanna Petitti, Diana Rodriguez, Beatriz Anderson, Andrea M. Schwartz, I. David Standiford, Debra A. Pihoker, Catherine TI Predictors of Insulin Regimens and Impact on Outcomes in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID HVIDORE STUDY-GROUP; METABOLIC-CONTROL; PUMP THERAPY; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; MELLITUS; INFUSION; CARE; COMPLICATIONS; CHILDHOOD AB Objectives To describe the insulin regimens used to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in youth in the United States, to explore factors related to insulin regimen, and to describe the associations between insulin regimen and clinical outcomes, particularly glycemic control. Study design A total of 2743 subjects participated in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study, an observational population-based study of youth diagnosed with T1DM, conducted at 6 centers. Data collected during a study visit included clinical and sociodemographic information, body mass index, laboratory measures, and insulin regimen. Results Sociodemographic characteristics were associated with insulin regimen. Insulin pump therapy was more frequently used by older youth, females, non-Hispanic whites, and families with higher income and education (P = .02 for females, P < .001 for others). Insulin pump use was associated with the lowest hemoglobin A1C levels in all age groups. A1C levels were >7.5% in >70% of adolescents, regardless of regimen. Conclusions Youth using insulin pumps had the lowest A1C; A1C was unacceptably high in adolescents. There is a need to more fully assess and understand factors associated with insulin regimens recommended by providers and the influence of race/ethnicity, education, and socioeconomic status on these treatment recommendations and to develop more effective treatment strategies, particularly for adolescents. (J Pediatr 2009; 155:183-9). C1 [Paris, Carolyn A.; Pihoker, Catherine] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Imperatore, Giuseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA USA. [Klingensmith, Georgeanna] Univ Colorado, Barbara Davis Ctr Childhood Diabet, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Klingensmith, Georgeanna] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Petitti, Diana] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Pasadena, CA USA. [Rodriguez, Beatriz] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Anderson, Andrea M.] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Schwartz, I. David] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Standiford, Debra A.] Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Paris, CA (reprint author), Childrens Hosp & Reg Med Ctr, 4800 Sand Point Way NE,B-5518, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM Carolyn.paris@seattlechildrens.org FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U01 DP000245, U01 DP000244, U01 DP000246, U01 DP000247, U01 DP000248, U01 DP000250, U01 DP000254]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR00069, M01 RR01070, M01 RR08084, M01RR00037, M01RR001271] NR 19 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 155 IS 2 BP 183 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.01.063 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 481BJ UT WOS:000268781200010 PM 19394043 ER PT J AU Johnson, JL Eaton, DK Pederson, LL Lowry, R AF Johnson, Jonetta L. Eaton, Danice K. Pederson, Linda L. Lowry, Richard TI Associations of Trying to Lose Weight, Weight Control Behaviors, and Current Cigarette Use Among US High School Students SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE nutrition and diet; smoking and tobacco; risk behaviors ID BODY-WEIGHT; ADOLESCENT SMOKING; GENDER AB BACKGROUND Approximately one-quarter of high school students currently use cigarettes. Previous research has suggested some youth use smoking as a method for losing weight. The purpose of this study was to describe the association of current cigarette use with specific healthy and unhealthy weight control practices among 9th-12th grade students in the United States. METHODS Youth Risk Behavior Survey data (2005) were analyzed. Behaviors included current cigarette use, trying to lose weight, and current use of 2 healthy and 3 unhealthy behaviors to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight. Separate logistic regression models calculated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for associations of current cigarette use with trying to lose weight (Model 1) and the 5 weight control behaviors, controlling for trying to lose weight (Model 2). RESULTS In Model 1, compared with students who were not trying to lose weight, students who were trying to lose weight had higher odds of current cigarette use (AOR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.15-1.49). In Model 2, the association of current cigarette use with the 2 healthy weight control behaviors was not statistically significant. Each of the 3 unhealthy weight control practices was significantly associated with current cigarette use, with AORs for each behavior approximately 2 times as high among those who engaged in the behavior, compared with those who did not. CONCLUSION Some students may smoke cigarettes as a method of weight control. Inclusion of smoking prevention messages into existing weight management interventions may be beneficial. C1 [Johnson, Jonetta L.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Eaton, Danice K.] CDC, US PHS, SERB DASH NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pederson, Linda L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Commun Branch Senior Serv, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Johnson, JL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, 109 S Observ St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM jonettaj@umich.edu; DEaton@cdc.gov; lindap@mindspring.com; rxl1@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD AUG PY 2009 VL 79 IS 8 BP 355 EP 360 PG 6 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 471LF UT WOS:000268058500003 PM 19630869 ER PT J AU Buss, BF Mueller, SW Theis, M Keyser, A Safranek, TJ AF Buss, Bryan F. Mueller, Shawn W. Theis, Max Keyser, Alison Safranek, Thomas J. TI Population-Based Estimates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infections Among High School Athletes-Nebraska, 2006-2008 SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL NURSING LA English DT Article DE athlete health; communicable diseases; high school; quantitative research ID FOOTBALL TEAM; COMMUNITY; OUTBREAK; PLAYERS; SKIN AB Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an emerging cause of skin and soft-tissue infections among athletes. To determine statewide incidence among high school athletes, we surveyed all 312 Nebraska high schools regarding sport programs offered, program-specific participation numbers, number of athletes with physician-diagnosed MRSA infections, and athlete's sport at infection onset. Among 271 (86.9%) schools responding, MRSA infections were reported among one or more athletes by 4.4% (12/270) and 14.4% (39/271) during school years 2006-2007 and 2007-2008, respectively. From 2006-2007 to 2007-2008, MRSA incidence per 10,000 wrestlers increased from 19.6 to 60.1, and incidence per 10,000 football players increased from 5.0 to 25.1. We did not identify differences in distribution of MRSA infections on the basis of grade, school enrollment, location, or number of participants per team. Incidence of reported MRSA infections among football players and wrestlers was substantially higher during 2007- 2008, compared with 2006-2007. C1 [Buss, Bryan F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buss, Bryan F.; Theis, Max; Keyser, Alison; Safranek, Thomas J.] Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Lincoln, NE USA. [Mueller, Shawn W.] BryanLGH Med Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Buss, BF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1059-8405 J9 J SCH NURS JI J. Sch. Nurs. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 25 IS 4 BP 282 EP 291 DI 10.1177/1059840509333454 PG 10 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 483TH UT WOS:000268990600006 PM 19351966 ER PT J AU Zhu, XD Kim, JH Song, WJ Murphy, WJ Song, S AF Zhu, Xiangdong Kim, Jay H. Song, Won Joon Murphy, William J. Song, Seongho TI Development of a noise metric for assessment of exposure risk to complex noises SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ANALYTIC WAVELET TRANSFORM; INDUCED HEARING-LOSS; NON-GAUSSIAN NOISE; IMPULSE-NOISE; THRESHOLD SHIFTS; INDUCED TRAUMA; IMPACT NOISE; CELL LOSS; ENERGY; CHINCHILLA AB Many noise guidelines currently use A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level L(Aeq) as the noise metric and the equal energy hypothesis to assess the risk of occupational noises. Because of the time-averaging effect involved with the procedure, the current guidelines may significantly underestimate the risk associated with complex noises. This study develops and evaluates several new noise metrics for more accurate assessment of exposure risks to complex and impulsive noises. The analytic wavelet transform was used to obtain time-frequency characteristics of the noise. 6 basic, unique metric forms that reflect the time-frequency characteristics were developed, from which 14 noise metrics were derived. The noise metrics were evaluated utilizing existing animal test data that were obtained by exposing 23 groups of chinchillas to, respectively, different types of noise. Correlations of the metrics with the hearing losses observed in chinchillas were compared and the most promising noise metric was identified. (C) 2009 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3159587] C1 [Zhu, Xiangdong; Kim, Jay H.; Song, Won Joon] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mech Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Murphy, William J.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Song, Seongho] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Mech Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM jay.kim@uc.edu OI Song, Won Joon/0000-0001-8644-6051 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [R21 OH008510] FX This project was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Grant No. R21 OH008510. The authors thank Roger Hamernik and Wei Qiu at the State University of New York at Plattsburgh for providing chinchilla noise exposure study data and advice in interpreting the data. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 126 IS 2 BP 703 EP 712 DI 10.1121/1.3159587 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 483XO UT WOS:000269006800022 PM 19640036 ER PT J AU Griffin, SO Gooch, BF Gray, SK Malvitz, DM AF Griffin, Susan O. Gooch, Barbara F. Gray, Shellie Kolavic Malvitz, Dolores M. TI SEALANTS REVISITED Response SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Gooch, Barbara F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Invest & Res Team, Div Oral Hlth, Chamblee, GA USA. [Gray, Shellie Kolavic] Northrop Grumman, Publ Hlth Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malvitz, Dolores M.] Palladian Partners, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 140 IS 8 BP 970 EP 971 PG 2 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 482CP UT WOS:000268861800009 ER PT J AU Stevens, JA Thomas, K Teh, L Greenspan, AI AF Stevens, Judy A. Thomas, Karen Teh, Leesia Greenspan, Arlene I. TI Unintentional Fall Injuries Associated with Walkers and Canes in Older Adults Treated in US Emergency Departments SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE cane; elderly; fall; injury; unintentional injury; walker ID ASSISTIVE DEVICES; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; HIP FRACTURE; PREVENTION; PEOPLE; TRIAL; HOME AB OBJECTIVES To characterize nonfatal, unintentional, fall-related injuries associated with walkers and canes in older adults. DESIGN Surveillance data of injuries treated in hospital emergency departments (EDs), January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2006. SETTING The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program, which collects data from a nationally representative stratified probability sample of 66 U.S. hospital EDs. PARTICIPANTS People aged 65 and older treated in EDs for 3,932 nonfatal unintentional fall injuries and whose records indicated that a cane or a walker was involved in the fall. MEASUREMENTS Sex, age, whether the fall involved a cane or walker, primary diagnosis, part of the body injured, disposition, and location and circumstances of the fall. RESULTS An estimated 47,312 older adult fall injuries associated with walking aids were treated annually in U.S. EDs: 87.3% with walkers, 12.3% with canes, and 0.4% with both. Walkers were associated with seven times as many injuries as canes. Women's injury rates exceeded those for men (rate ratios=2.6 for walkers, 1.4 for canes.) The most prevalent injuries were fractures and contusions or abrasions. Approximately one-third of subjects were hospitalized for their injuries. CONCLUSION Injuries and hospital admissions for falls associated with walking aids were frequent in this highly vulnerable population. The results suggest that more research is needed to improve the design of walking aids. More information also is needed about the circumstances preceding falls, both to better understand the contributing fall risk factors and to develop specific and effective fall prevention strategies. C1 [Stevens, Judy A.; Thomas, Karen; Teh, Leesia; Greenspan, Arlene I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stevens, JA (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jas2@cdc.gov FU The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Sponsor's Role: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention supports the surveillance system that collected the data used in this analysis. NR 27 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 57 IS 8 BP 1464 EP 1469 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02365.x PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 477QH UT WOS:000268533100018 PM 19555423 ER PT J AU Hettick, JM Ruwona, TB Siegel, PD AF Hettick, Justin M. Ruwona, Tinashe B. Siegel, Paul D. TI Structural Elucidation of Isocyanate-Peptide Adducts Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE; 4,4'-METHYLENEDIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE; DISSOCIATION; PROTEINS; WORKERS; AMINO; IONS; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEOMICS; ALBUMIN AB Diisocyanates are highly reactive chemical compounds widely used in the manufacture of polyurethanes. Although diisocyanates have been identified as causative agents of allergic respiratory diseases, the specific mechanism by which these diseases Occur is largely unknown. To better understand the chemical species produced when isocyanates are reacted with model peptides, tandem mass spectrometry was employed to unambiguously identify the binding site of four commercially-relevant isocyanates on model peptides. In each case, the isocyanates react preferentially with the N-terminus of the peptide. No evidence of side-chain/isocyanate adduct formation exclusive of the N-terminus was observed. However, significant intra-molecular diisocyanate crosslinking was observed between the N-terminal amine and a side-chain amine of arginine, when Arg was located within two residues of the N-terminus. Addition of multiple isocyanates to the peptide Occurs via polymerization of the isocyanate at the N-terminus, rather than via addition of multiple isocyanate molecules to varied residues within the peptide. The direct observation of isocyanate binding to the N-terminus of peptides under these experimental conditions is in good agreement with previous studies oil the relative reaction rate of isocyanate with amino acid functional groups. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2009, 20,1567-1575) (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Mass Spectrometry C1 [Hettick, Justin M.; Ruwona, Tinashe B.; Siegel, Paul D.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Hettick, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, MS L-2040,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jhettick@cdc.gov RI Hettick, Justin/E-9955-2010 NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1567 EP 1575 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.04.016 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 480MV UT WOS:000268739900022 PM 19477659 ER PT J AU Teten, AL Schumacher, JA Bailey, SD Kent, TA AF Teten, Andra L. Schumacher, Julie A. Bailey, Sara D. Kent, Thomas A. TI Male-to-Female Sexual Aggression Among Iraq, Afghanistan, and Vietnam Veterans: Co-Occurring Substance Abuse and Intimate Partner Aggression SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; COMBAT VETERANS; MILITARY VETERANS; VIOLENCE; BEHAVIOR; ASSAULT; VICTIMIZATION; PREVALENCE; SYMPTOMS; DEFICITS AB The current study examined the frequency and correlates of coercive sexual behaviors by male Iraq, Afghanistan, and/or Vietnam veterans recruited from a Veterans Affairs trauma recovery clinic (n = 92) toward their female partners. Men who reported sexual aggression in the past year (n = 37) compared to men who did not report sexual aggression in the past year (n = 55) more frequently reported impulsive aggression, dominating/isolating, and physically assaulting their partner, and were more likely to have a substance abuse diagnosis. Sexually aggressive men were significantly less likely than nonsexually aggressive men to have a diagnosis of depression. Posttraumatic stress disorder, an established risk factor for nonsexual partner aggression among veterans, was not associated with sexual aggression. C1 [Teten, Andra L.; Bailey, Sara D.; Kent, Thomas A.] Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Teten, Andra L.; Bailey, Sara D.] Baylor Coll Med, Menninger Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Schumacher, Julie A.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Kent, Thomas A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Neurol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Teten, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ateten@cdc.gov OI Kent, Thomas/0000-0002-9877-7584 NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD AUG PY 2009 VL 22 IS 4 BP 307 EP 311 DI 10.1002/jts.20422 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 489AH UT WOS:000269391300008 PM 19588515 ER PT J AU Akinsanya-Beysolow, I Wolfe, C AF Akinsanya-Beysolow, Iyabode Wolfe, Charles (Skip) TI Update: Vaccines for Women, Adolescence through Adulthood SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID OBSTETRICIAN-GYNECOLOGISTS; CARE; REIMBURSEMENT; IMMUNIZATION; CANCER; SYSTEM AB Recommendations for routine vaccination of adolescents and adults are continually evolving; new vaccines are licensed, and ongoing studies lead to updated recommendations for existing vaccines. Although vaccination is important for both sexes, some recent developments are particularly relevant for women and girls. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, licensed in 2006, is the first vaccine administered exclusively to women. Another recently licensed vaccine, adult and adolescent tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap), is especially important for women who plan to become pregnant and for new mothers to help prevent pertussis disease in infants who are too young to be vaccinated themselves. Other vaccines, such as influenza and rubella, are also important for pregnant women. Several vaccine safety issues are of particular relevance to women, namely, the theoretical risk of administering live vaccines during pregnancy and data suggesting that adolescent females might be at higher risk for syncope following vaccination. Obstetrician-gynecologists are the primary, and sometimes only, contact with the healthcare system for many adolescent and adult women and, as such, are uniquely positioned to provide vaccination services to the country's female population. Vaccine costs, storage and handling requirements, lack of access to immunization information systems ( also known as vaccine registries), and unfamiliarity with current recommendations are potential obstacles to ensuring that all adolescent females and women are appropriately vaccinated. Obstetrician-gynecologists can help reduce some of these obstacles by availing themselves of existing vaccination resources. C1 [Akinsanya-Beysolow, Iyabode; Wolfe, Charles (Skip)] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wolfe, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM crw4@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1101 EP 1108 DI 10.1089/jwh.2009.1525 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 482CC UT WOS:000268860300001 PM 19627241 ER PT J AU Ross, DS Rasmussen, SA Cannon, MJ Anderson, B Kilker, K Tumpey, A Schulkin, J Jones, JL AF Ross, Danielle S. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Cannon, Michael J. Anderson, Britta Kilker, Katie Tumpey, Abbigail Schulkin, Jay Jones, Jeffrey L. TI Obstetrician/Gynecologists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices regarding Prevention of Infections in Pregnancy SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID TO-MOTHER TRANSMISSION; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY-CARE; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; PHYSICIANS; BEHAVIORS; IMPACT; WOMEN; GYNECOLOGISTS AB Background: Maternal infection during pregnancy is a well-recognized cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities, as well as an important contributor to other adverse pregnancy outcomes. The objective of the present survey was to gain information about the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of obstetrician/gynecologists regarding prevention of infections during pregnancy. Methods: A survey was mailed to 606 Collaborative Ambulatory Research Network ( CARN) members of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) ( approximately 2% of membership). CARN members were sampled to demographically represent ACOG. Results: Of the 606 eligible respondents, surveys were received from 305 (response rate: 50%). Most obstetrician/gynecologists knew that specific actions by pregnant women could reduce the risk of infection. Seventy-nine to eighty-eight percent reported counseling pregnant women about preventing infection from Toxoplasma gondii, hepatitis B virus, and influenza, 50%-68% about varicella-zoster virus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Parvovirus B19, and <50% about cytomegalovirus, Bordetella pertussis, and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. The majority reported time constraints were a barrier to counseling, although most reported educational materials would be helpful. Conclusions: Knowledge was accurate and preventive counseling was appropriate for some infections, but for others it could be improved. Further studies are needed to identify strategies to increase preventive counseling. C1 [Ross, Danielle S.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Cannon, Michael J.; Kilker, Katie; Tumpey, Abbigail; Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anderson, Britta; Schulkin, Jay] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Ross, DS (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dross3@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 FU Maternal and Child Health Bureau [R60 MC 05674]; Health Resources and Services Administration; Department of Health and Human Services FX This survey was supported by grant R60 MC 05674 from Maternal and Child Health Bureau ( Title V, Social Security Act), Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. NR 36 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 IS 8 BP 1187 EP 1193 DI 10.1089/jwh.2008.1288 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 482CC UT WOS:000268860300013 PM 19670963 ER PT J AU Blake, TA Williams, TL Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Blake, T. A. Williams, T. L. Pirkle, J. L. Barr, J. R. TI Analysis of H5N1 Influenza Hemagglutinin Glycosylation by LC/MS/MS Utilizing Hydrazide Capture SPE and HILIC Separation of Intact Glycopeptides SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD AUG PY 2009 BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 483CH UT WOS:000268939000080 ER PT J AU Murashov, V Howard, J AF Murashov, Vladimir Howard, John TI Essential features for proactive risk management SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTROL BANDING TOOL; NANOTECHNOLOGY; SCIENCE C1 [Murashov, Vladimir] NIOSH, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Howard, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Murashov, V (reprint author), NIOSH, 395 E St SW,Suite 9200, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM vladimir.murashov@cdc.hhs.gov RI Murashov, Vladimir/K-5481-2012 NR 43 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 EI 1748-3395 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 4 IS 8 BP 467 EP 470 DI 10.1038/nnano.2009.205 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 483DO UT WOS:000268942400002 PM 19661998 ER PT J AU Akinbami, LJ Ogden, CL AF Akinbami, Lara J. Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Childhood Overweight Prevalence in the United States: The Impact of Parent-reported Height and Weight SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; SCHOOL-STUDENTS; SELF-REPORTS; US CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; OBESITY; ACCURACY; VALIDITY; BMI; RELIABILITY AB Parent-reported height and weight are often used to estimate BMI and overweight status among children. The quality of parent-reported data has not been compared to measured data on a national scale for all race/ethnic groups in the United States. Parent-reported height and weight for 2-17-year-old children in two national health interview surveys-the 1999-2004 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the 2003-2004 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH)-were compared to measured values from a national examination survey-the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Compared to measured data, parent-reported data overestimated childhood overweight in both interview surveys. For example, overweight prevalence among 2-17-year-olds was 25% (s.e. 0.2) using parent-reported NHIS data vs. 16% (s.e. 0.6) using measured NHANES data. Parent-reported data overestimated overweight among younger children, but underestimated overweight among older children. The discrepancy between reported and measured estimates arose mainly from reported height among very young children. For children aged 2-11 years, the mean reported height from NHIS was 3-6 cm less than mean measured height from NHANES (P < 0.001) vs. no difference among children aged 16-17 years. Measured data remains the gold standard for surveillance of childhood overweight. Although this analysis compared mean values from survey populations rather than parent-reported and measured data for individuals, the results from nationally representative data reinforce previous recommendations based on small samples that parent-reported data should not be used to estimate overweight prevalence among preschool and elementary school-aged children. C1 [Akinbami, Lara J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Akinbami, Lara J.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Ogden, Cynthia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Akinbami, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lakinbami@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1930-7381 J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD AUG PY 2009 VL 17 IS 8 BP 1574 EP 1580 DI 10.1038/oby.2009.1 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 475QD UT WOS:000268374200016 PM 19629061 ER PT J AU Polakowski, LL Akinbami, LJ Mendola, P AF Polakowski, Laura L. Akinbami, Lara J. Mendola, Pauline TI Prenatal Smoking Cessation and the Risk of Delivering Preterm and Small-for-Gestational-Age Newborns SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION; MATERNAL SMOKING; FETAL-GROWTH; PREGNANCY; OUTCOMES; TERM; RESTRICTION; ASSOCIATION; MORTALITY AB OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between prenatal smoking cessation and delivery of a preterm or small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborn in a large U.S. subpopulation using the revised (2003) birth certificate, which now assesses maternal smoking status by trimester. METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of U.S.-resident, singleton births in the 11 states that used the revised birth certificate in 2005 (n=915,441). Self-reported maternal smoking status was categorized as "never smoked," "quit in the first trimester," "quit in the second trimester," and "smoked throughout" pregnancy (referent). Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for three outcomes (preterm non-SGA, term SGA, or preterm SGA newborns) by maternal smoking status. Analyses stratified by maternal age were also conducted. RESULTS: Compared with women who smoked throughout pregnancy, first-trimester quitters reduced their odds of delivering a preterm non-SGA newborn by 31% (aOR 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65-0.74), a term SGA newborn by 55% (aOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.42-0.48), and a preterm SGA newborn by 53% (aOR 0.47, 95% Cl 0.40-0.55), similar to nonsmokers. Second-trimester quitters also reduced their odds of delivering preterm non-SGA and term SGA newborns but to a lesser magnitude. When comparing first-trimester quitters with smokers in each age group, older mothers had generally lower odds of these outcomes than younger mothers. CONCLUSION: Pregnant smokers who quit in the first trimester lowered their risk of delivering preterm and SGA newborns to a level similar to that of pregnant nonsmokers, and this benefit appeared to increase with maternal age. These findings reinforce current clinical guidance to encourage smoking cessation among pregnant smokers and serve as an additional incentive to quit. (Obstet Gynecol 2009;114:318-25) C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Polakowski, Laura L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP Akinbami, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6111, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM Akinbami@cdc.gov OI Mendola, Pauline/0000-0001-5330-2844 NR 37 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 114 IS 2 BP 318 EP 325 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 476DO UT WOS:000268418200017 PM 19622993 ER PT J AU Culwell, KR Curtis, KM Cravioto, MD AF Culwell, Kelly R. Curtis, Kathryn M. del Carmen Cravioto, Maria TI Safety of Contraceptive Method Use Among Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus A Systematic Review SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODIES; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; THROMBOSIS; DISEASE; COHORT; RISK; NEPHRITIS; PREGNANCY; MORTALITY; SLE AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evidence on the safety of contraceptive method use among women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). DATA SOURCES: We searched the PubMed, MEDLINE, and LILACS databases for peer-reviewed articles published from database inception through January 2009, concerning the safety of contraceptive use among women with SLE. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We included studies that examined health outcomes among women using a contraceptive method after the diagnosis of SLE. The quality of each individual piece of evidence was assessed using the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force grading system. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Our search yielded 275 articles. A total of 14 articles that reported on 13 studies met our inclusion criteria. Available evidence, including two good-quality randomized controlled trials, indicates that use of combined oral contraceptives does not lead to increased flares of disease or worsening disease activity in women with inactive or stable active SLE. No increase in disease activity with use of progestogen-only contraceptives was noted in four studies. Limited evidence indicates a possible increased risk of thrombosis in women with positive anti phospholipid antibodies and history of oral contraceptive use. Limited evidence indicates that the use of the copper intrauterine device is not associated with worsening disease activity or infection in women with SLE. CONCLUSION: Available evidence indicates that many women with SLE can be considered good candidates for most contraceptive methods, including hormonal contraceptives. The benefits of contraception for many women with SLE likely outweigh the risks of unintended pregnancy in this population. Women with positive antiphospholipid antibodies are not good candidates for combined hormonal contraception given their elevated baseline risk of thrombosis. (Obstet Gynecol 2009,114:341-53) C1 [Culwell, Kelly R.] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Reprod Biol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Culwell, KR (reprint author), WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM culwellk@who.int FU World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA); U.S. Agency for International Development (Washington, DC); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Rockville, MD) FX Supported by resources from the World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA), the U.S. Agency for International Development (Washington, DC), and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Rockville, MD). NR 32 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 114 IS 2 BP 341 EP 353 PG 13 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 476DO UT WOS:000268418200020 PM 19622996 ER PT J AU Graczyk, TK Lucy, FE Mashinsky, Y Thompson, RCA Koru, O daSilva, AJ AF Graczyk, Thaddeus K. Lucy, Frances E. Mashinsky, Yessika Thompson, R. C. Andrew Koru, Ozgur daSilva, Alexandre J. TI Human zoonotic enteropathogens in a constructed free-surface flow wetland SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TARGETED OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBE; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SUBUNIT RIBOSOMAL-RNA; WASTE-WATER; INDICATOR MICROORGANISMS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; GIARDIA-LAMBLIA; REMOVAL; PATHOGENS AB Effluents from a small-scale free-surface flow constructed wetland, used for polishing of secondary treated wastewater, contained significantly higher concentrations of potentially viable Giardia duodenalis cysts and Enterocytozoon bieneusi spores than did wetland influents consisting of secondary treated wastewater. Zoonotic Assemblage A of G. duodenalis cysts was identified in wetland inflows, while Assemblage A and two nonhuman infective Assemblages (i.e., C, and E) were present in wetland effluents. E. bieneusi spores represented genotype K based on DNA sequencing analysis of internal transcribed spacer. The study demonstrated that: (1) free-surface flow small-scale constructed wetlands may not provide sufficient remediation for human zoonotic protozoa and fungi present in secondary treated wastewater; (2) dogs and livestock can substantially contribute human-pathogenic protozoan and fungal microorganisms to engineered vegetated wetland systems; and (3) large volumes of wetland effluents can contribute to contamination of surface waters used for recreation and drinking water abstraction and therefore represent a serious public health threat. C1 [Graczyk, Thaddeus K.; Mashinsky, Yessika] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Engn, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Graczyk, Thaddeus K.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Graczyk, Thaddeus K.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Johns Hopkins Ctr Water & Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Lucy, Frances E.] Inst Technol, Sch Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Sligo, Ireland. [Graczyk, Thaddeus K.; Lucy, Frances E.] Inst Technol, Sch Sci, Ctr Biomol Environm & Publ Hlth Res, Sligo, Ireland. [Lucy, Frances E.] Environm Serv Ireland, Carrick On Shannon, Leitrim, Ireland. [Thompson, R. C. Andrew] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Biomed Sci, WHO Collaborating Ctr Mol Epidemiol Parasit Infec, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Koru, Ozgur; daSilva, Alexandre J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept Hlth & Publ Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Graczyk, TK (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Engn, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM tgraczyk@jhsph.edu FU Fulbright Senior Specialist Fellowship [2225]; Johns Hopkins Center in Urban Environmental Health [P30 ES03819]; School of Science Institute of Technology; US Environmental Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Program [RD83300201] FX The study was supported by the Fulbright Senior Specialist Fellowship (grant no. 2225 Graczyk), Johns Hopkins Center in Urban Environmental Health (grant no. P30 ES03819), School of Science Institute of Technology, Sligo, Ireland, and the US Environmental Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Program (grant no. RD83300201). The views expressed herein have not been subjected to the US EPA review and therefore do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. We acknowledge Roscommon County Council for access and samples from sewage treatment plant. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 105 IS 2 BP 423 EP 428 DI 10.1007/s00436-009-1400-6 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 461UJ UT WOS:000267297300017 PM 19343366 ER PT J AU Gould, PL Leung, J Scott, C Schmid, DS Deng, H Lopez, A Chaves, SS Reynolds, M Gladden, L Harpaz, R Snow, S AF Gould, Philip L. Leung, Jessica Scott, Connie Schmid, D. Scott Deng, Helen Lopez, Adriana Chaves, Sandra S. Reynolds, Meredith Gladden, Linda Harpaz, Rafael Snow, Sandra TI An Outbreak of Varicella in Elementary School Children With Two-Dose Varicella Vaccine Recipients-Arkansas, 2006 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE varicella; outbreak; 2-dose varicella vaccine ID UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZATIONS; EXPERIENCE; STRAINS; DECLINE; MAINE AB Background: In June 2006, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) expanded its June 2005 recommendation for a second dose of varicella vaccine during outbreaks to a recommendation for routine school entry second dose varicella vaccination. In October 2006, the Arkansas Department of Health was notified of a varicella outbreak among students where some received a second dose during an outbreak-related vaccination campaign in February 2006. Methods: The outbreak was investigated using a school-wide parental survey with a follow-up survey of identified case patients. Vaccination status was verified using state and local immunization records. Limited laboratory testing confirmed circulation of wild-type varicella, including varicella in 2-dose vaccine recipients. Results: Vaccination information was available for 871 (99%) of the 880 children. Varicella vaccination coverage was 97% (2-dose, 39%; 1-dose, 58%). A review of the February vaccination clinic found no deficiencies lot numbers did not differ between cases and noncases. Varicella was confirmed by PCR in 5 (42%) of 12 lesion specimen; and by IgM in 1 (6%) of 16 serum specimens. Varicella was reported in 84 children, including 25 (30%) two-dose and 53 (63%) one-dose recipients. Attack rates among 2-dose recipients (10.4%) and 1-dose recipients (14.6%) were not significantly different (RR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.44-1.15). All 2-dose recipients and 80% of 1-dose recipients reported having 50 or fewer skin lesions. Conclusion: This outbreak is the first to document varicella in both 1- and 2-dose vaccine recipients; both groups had mild disease. The vaccine effectiveness of 1 and 2 doses were similar. C1 [Gould, Philip L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gould, Philip L.; Leung, Jessica; Lopez, Adriana; Chaves, Sandra S.; Reynolds, Meredith; Harpaz, Rafael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Scott, Connie] Arkansas Dept Hlth, Ashley Cty Hlth Unit, Hamburg, AR USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Varicella Zoster Virus Lab, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Deng, Helen] Arkansas Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Lab, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Gould, PL (reprint author), 110 Luke Ave,Rm 405, Washington, DC 20032 USA. EM Philip.gould@pentagon.af.mil NR 20 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 28 IS 8 BP 678 EP 681 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31819c1041 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 477QG UT WOS:000268533000004 PM 19593254 ER PT J AU Millar, EV O'Brien, KL Zell, ER Bronsdon, MA Reid, R Santosham, M AF Millar, Eugene V. O'Brien, Katherine L. Zell, Elizabeth R. Bronsdon, Melinda A. Reid, Raymond Santosham, Mathuram TI Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Navajo and White Mountain Apache Children Before the Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pneumococcus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; nasopharyngeal carriage; American Indian ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT PNEUMOCOCCI; UPPER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; ACUTE OTITIS-MEDIA; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; 1ST 2 YEARS; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; HEALTHY-CHILDREN; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; DAY-CARE AB Background: Infants and children are frequently colonized with pneumococcus. Recent nasopharyngeal acquisition of pneumococcus is thought to precede disease episodes. The increased risk of pneumococcal disease among Navajo and White Mountain Apache populations has been documented. Little is known about the dynamics of pneumococcal carriage in these populations. Methods: A group randomized, controlled trial of 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (PnCRM7, Wyeth) was conducted on the Navajo and Apache reservations. A nasopharyngeal (NP) carriage study was nested in the trial to evaluate the impact of PnCRM7 on carriage. Children <6 years of age had NP swabs collected at enrollment and at 6 and 12 months following enrollment. We analyzed carriage data from children in control vaccine randomized communities to describe the epidemiology of pneumococcal carriage. Results: Of the 410 participants enrolled, 92% were colonized with pneumococcus at least once during the course of the study. Sixty-three percent of NP specimens were positive for pneumococcus. The most common serotypes were 6A, 6B, nontypable, 23F, 14, 19F, 19A, and 9V. Thirty-eight percent of isolates were vaccine serotypes. Age <2 years, male sex, daycare attendance, and having a sibling colonized with pneumococcus were associated with an increased risk of carriage. Conclusions: The high carriage prevalence among Navajo and Apache children reflects an intense exposure to pneumococcus. The lack of modifiable risk factors for carriage highlights the importance of preventive strategies for disease control. C1 [Millar, Eugene V.; O'Brien, Katherine L.; Bronsdon, Melinda A.; Reid, Raymond; Santosham, Mathuram] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zell, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Res, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Millar, EV (reprint author), 621 N Washington St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM emillar@jhsph.edu NR 39 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 28 IS 8 BP 711 EP 716 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181a06303 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 477QG UT WOS:000268533000011 PM 19593248 ER PT J AU Greenwald, R Ferdinands, JM Teague, WG AF Greenwald, Roby Ferdinands, Jill M. Teague, W. Gerald TI Ionic Determinants of Exhaled Breath Condensate pH Before and After Exercise in Adolescent Athletes SO PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ammonia; acetic acid; propionic acid; exercise; ion chromatography; deaeration ID BLOOD AMMONIA; SPECTROMETRY; LACTATE; PLAYERS; LIQUID; ASTHMA; MUSCLE; ACIDS; SWEAT; UREA AB Background: The pH of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of adolescent athletes engaged in vigorous physical activity is low compared to healthy controls; however, the ionic determinants of EBC pH and the acute effects of exercise on those determinants have not been definitively established. Objectives: This study had two purposes: (1) to identify the ionic composition of EBC before and after exercise, and (2) to examine the effects of sample deaeration on EBC pH and composition. Methods: EBC ionic composition was determined by ion chromatography and correlated with pH measured before and after deaeration. Bicarbonate concentration was calculated from the ion balance of other measured species and pH. Results: EBC pH displayed a bimodal distribution, included values lower than expected for healthy individuals, and was correlated exclusively with volatile species, namely ammonia (mean concentration = 215 mu M) and acetic (31.7 mu M) and propionic acids (10.0 mu M). Following exercise, raw EBC pH and ammonia concentration increased while propionic acid concentration fell. Following deaeration, EBC pH increased by one unit on average; however, the pH of samples with unusually low pH did not change significantly, and the concentrations of several ionic species were altered in a manner that cannot be explained in terms of volatility. Conclusions: We conclude that in healthy adolescents, exercise results in an acute increase in raw EBC pH in association with an increase in ammonium and a decrease in propionate concentration. Since exercise increases systemic ammonia and urea (which is hydrolyzed by oral bacteria to form ammonia), we propose that the likely source of these changes is gas-phase diffusion from epithelial and oral surface liquids and to a lesser extent, from pulmonary circulation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:768-777. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Greenwald, Roby; Teague, W. Gerald] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Pulm Allergy Cyst Fibrosis & Sleep Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ferdinands, Jill M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Greenwald, R (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM roby.greenwald@emory.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48 DP000043-02]; Southeastern Region American Lung Association (Asthma Clinical Research Centers) FX Grant sponsor: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grant number: U48 DP000043-02. Grant sponsor: Southeastern Region American Lung Association (Asthma Clinical Research Centers) NR 30 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 8755-6863 J9 PEDIATR PULM JI Pediatr. Pulmonol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 44 IS 8 BP 768 EP 777 DI 10.1002/ppul.21055 PG 10 WC Pediatrics; Respiratory System SC Pediatrics; Respiratory System GA 480CM UT WOS:000268709500006 PM 19598280 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Panozzo, CA Payne, DC Patel, MM Cortese, MM Fowlkes, AL Parashar, UD AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Panozzo, Catherine A. Payne, Daniel C. Patel, Manish M. Cortese, Margaret M. Fowlkes, Ashley L. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Decline and Change in Seasonality of US Rotavirus Activity After the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; acute gastroenteritis; vaccination ID UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; HOSPITALIZATIONS; GASTROENTERITIS; TRENDS; DIARRHEA; INFANTS AB BACKGROUND: In 2006, routine immunization of US infants against rotavirus was initiated. We assessed national, regional, and local trends in rotavirus testing and detection before and after vaccine introduction. METHODS: We examined data for July 2000 through June 2008 from a national network of similar to 70 US laboratories to compare geographical and temporal aspects of rotavirus season timing and peak activity. To assess trends in rotavirus testing and detection, we restricted the analyses to 33 laboratories that reported for >= 26 weeks per season from 2000 to 2008. RESULTS: Nationally, the onset and peak of the 2007-2008 rotavirus season were delayed 15 and 8 weeks, respectively, compared with prevaccine seasons from 2000-2006. Delays were observed in each region. The 2007-2008 rotavirus season lasted 14 weeks compared with a median of 26 weeks during the prevaccine era. Of 33 laboratories, 32 reported fewer positive results and a lower proportion of positive test results in 2007-2008 compared with the median in 2000-2006, with a 67% decline in the number and a 69% decline in the proportion of rotavirus-positive test results. The proportion of positive test results in 2007-2008 compared with the median in 2000-2006 declined >50% in 79% of the laboratories and >75% in 39% of the laboratories. CONCLUSIONS: The 2007-2008 US rotavirus season seems substantially delayed, shorter, and diminished in magnitude compared with seasons before vaccine implementation. The extent of change seems greater than expected on the basis of estimated vaccine coverage, suggesting indirect benefits to unvaccinated individuals. Monitoring in future seasons is needed to confirm these trends. Pediatrics 2009; 124: 465-471 C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Panozzo, Catherine A.; Payne, Daniel C.; Patel, Manish M.; Cortese, Margaret M.; Fowlkes, Ashley L.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 128 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2009 VL 124 IS 2 BP 465 EP 471 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-3528 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 475RC UT WOS:000268377000004 PM 19581260 ER PT J AU Gaur, AH Dominguez, KL Kalish, ML Rivera-Hernandez, D Donohoe, M Brooks, JT Mitchell, CD AF Gaur, Aditya H. Dominguez, Kenneth L. Kalish, Marcia L. Rivera-Hernandez, Delia Donohoe, Marion Brooks, John T. Mitchell, Charles D. TI Practice of Feeding Premasticated Food to Infants: A Potential Risk Factor for HIV Transmission SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE HIV; feeding; premastication; prechewed; child ID RURAL NORTHERN THAILAND; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; BACTERIAL CONTENT; VIRUS-INFECTION; CARE PRACTICES; WEANING FOODS; PREVENTION; DNA AB OBJECTIVES: Although some caregivers are known to premasticate food for infants, usually during the weaning period, HIV transmission has not been linked to this practice. We describe 3 cases of HIV transmission in the United States possibly related to this practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three cases of HIV infection were diagnosed in children at ages 9, 15, and 39 months; clinical symptomatology prompted the testing. A thorough investigation to rule out alternative modes of transmission was conducted. In addition, phylogenetic comparisons of virus from cases and suspected sources were performed by using the C2V3C3 or gp41 region of env and the p17 coding region of gag. RESULTS: In 2 cases, the mothers were known to be infected with HIV, had not breastfed their children, and perinatal transmission of HIV had previously been ruled out following US HIV testing guidelines. In the third case, a great aunt who helped care for the child was infected with HIV, but the child's mother was not. All 3 children were fed food on multiple occasions that had been premasticated by a care provider infected with HIV; in 2 cases concurrent oral bleeding in the premasticating adult was described. Phylogenetic analyses supported the epidemiologic conclusion that the children were infected through exposure to premasticated food from a caregiver infected with HIV in 2 of the 3 cases. CONCLUSIONS: The reported cases provide compelling evidence linking premastication to HIV infection, a route of transmission not previously reported that has important global implications including being a possible explanation for some of the reported cases of "late" HIV transmission in infants, so far attributed to breastfeeding. Until the risk of premastication and modifying factors (eg, periodontal disease) are better understood, we recommend that health care providers routinely query children's caregivers and expecting parents who are infected with HIV or at risk of HIV infection about this feeding practice and direct them to safer, locally available, feeding options. Pediatrics 2009; 124: 658-666 C1 [Gaur, Aditya H.; Donohoe, Marion] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Dominguez, Kenneth L.; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kalish, Marcia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Aids, STD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kalish, Marcia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, TB Lab Res, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rivera-Hernandez, Delia; Mitchell, Charles D.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Gaur, AH (reprint author), St Jude Childrens Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, MS 600,262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. EM aditya.gaur@stjude.org NR 32 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD AUG PY 2009 VL 124 IS 2 BP 658 EP 666 DI 10.1542/peds.2008-3614 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 475RC UT WOS:000268377000028 PM 19620190 ER PT J AU Broussard, CS Goodman, KJ Phillips, CV Smith, MA Fischbach, LA Day, RS Aragaki, CC AF Broussard, Cheryl S. Goodman, Karen J. Phillips, Carl V. Smith, Mary Ann Fischbach, Lori A. Day, R. Sue Aragaki, Corinne C. TI Antibiotics taken for other illnesses and spontaneous clearance of Helicobacter pylori infection in children SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Helicobacter pylori; spontaneous clearance; antibiotics; children ID UREA BREATH TEST; MEXICO BIRTH COHORT; 1ST 2 YEARS; NATURAL-HISTORY; EARLY-CHILDHOOD; EARLY-LIFE; FOLLOW-UP; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ACQUISITION; DIAGNOSIS AB Purpose Factors that determine persistence of untreated Helicobacter pylori (H, pylori) infection in childhood are not well understood. We estimated risk differences for the effect of incidental antibiotic exposure on the probability of a detected clearance at the next test after an initial detected H. pylori infection. Methods The Pasitos Cohort Study (1998-2005) investigated predictors of H. pylori infection in children from El Paso, Texas, and Juarez, Mexico. Children were screened for infection at 6-month target intervals from 6 to 84 months of age, using the 13 C-urea breath test corrected for body-size-dependent variation in CO2 production. Exposure was defined as courses of any systemic antibiotic (systemic) or those with anti-H. pylori action (HP-effective) reported for the interval between initial detected infection and next test. Binomial regression models included country of residence, mother's education, adequacy of prenatal care, age at infection, and interval between tests. Results Of 205 children with a test result and antibiotic data following a detected infection, the number of children who took > 1 course in the interval between tests was 74 for systemic and 33 for HP-effective. The proportion testing negative at the next test was 66% for 0 courses, 72% for >= 1 systemic course, and 79% for >= 1 HP-effective course. Adjusted risk differences (95%Cl) for apparent clearance, comparing > 1 to 0 courses were 10% (1-20%) for systemic and 11% (0-21%) for HP-effective. Conclusions Incidental antibiotic exposure appears to influence the duration of childhood H. pylori infection but seems to explain only a small portion of spontaneous clearance. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Broussard, Cheryl S.; Smith, Mary Ann; Day, R. Sue; Aragaki, Corinne C.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Goodman, Karen J.; Phillips, Carl V.] Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Goodman, Karen J.; Phillips, Carl V.] Univ Alberta, Dept Publ Hlth, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Fischbach, Lori A.] Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Ft Worth, TX USA. RP Broussard, CS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gnp2@cdc.gov RI Goodman, Karen/D-6823-2013 OI Goodman, Karen/0000-0002-3790-3217 FU National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [ROIDKO53664] FX We thank the Pasitos Cohort Study participants, Flor Puentes, Lupe Garcia, and members of the 2006 SER Student Workshop for their contributions to this project. This work was funded by the National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (ROIDKO53664). NR 44 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN, MA 02148-529 USA SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 IS 8 BP 722 EP 729 DI 10.1002/pds.1773 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 483YO UT WOS:000269009600011 PM 19455592 ER PT J AU Broussard, CS Rasmussen, SA Reefhuis, J Friedman, JM Jann, MW Honein, MA AF Broussard, C. S. Rasmussen, S. A. Reefhuis, J. Friedman, J. -M. Jann, M. W. Honein, M. A. TI Early-Pregnancy Opioid Analgesic Treatment and Risk for Congenital Heart Defects SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Broussard, C. S.; Rasmussen, S. A.; Reefhuis, J.; Honein, M. A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Friedman, J. -M.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Jann, M. W.] Mercer Univ, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Reefhuis, Jennita/E-1793-2011 OI Reefhuis, Jennita/0000-0002-4747-4831 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 BP S199 EP S200 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 483YQ UT WOS:000269009900455 ER PT J AU Huang, WT Gargiullo, P Shui, I Weintraub, E Baggs, J Broder, K Iskander, J AF Huang, Wan-Ting Gargiullo, Paul Shui, Irene Weintraub, Eric Baggs, James Broder, Karen Iskander, John TI The Risk of Seizures after Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in Early Childhood-United States, 2002-2006 SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Huang, Wan-Ting; Gargiullo, Paul; Weintraub, Eric; Baggs, James; Broder, Karen; Iskander, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shui, Irene] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Boston, MA USA. [Shui, Irene] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RI Huang, Wan-Ting/E-3497-2010 OI Huang, Wan-Ting/0000-0002-4344-9567 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 BP S25 EP S26 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 483YQ UT WOS:000269009900058 ER PT J AU M'ikanatha, NM Bodeis-Jones, S Lautenbach, E Zhao, SH Folster, JP Medalla, FM Localio, AR Russo, AT Reynolds, S McDermott, PF AF M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M. Bodeis-Jones, Sonya Lautenbach, Ebbing Zhao, Shaohua Folster, Jason P. Medalla, Felicita M. Localio, A. Russell Russo, Anthony T. Reynolds, Stanley McDermott, Patrick F. TI Comparison of Fluoroquinolone and Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter from Retail Chicken Meat in Pennsylvania with National Data SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [M'ikanatha, Nkuchia M.; Lautenbach, Ebbing; Localio, A. Russell] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bodeis-Jones, Sonya; Zhao, Shaohua; McDermott, Patrick F.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. [Folster, Jason P.; Medalla, Felicita M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Localio, A. Russell] Penn Dept Agr, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Reynolds, Stanley] Penn Dept Hlth, Bur Labs, Exton, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 BP S215 EP S216 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 483YQ UT WOS:000269009900492 ER PT J AU Yih, WK Fireman, B Klein, N Kulldorff, M Lewis, E Lieu, T Weintraub, E Platt, R AF Yih, W. K. Fireman, B. Klein, N. Kulldorff, M. Lewis, E. Lieu, T. Weintraub, E. Platt, R. TI Near Real-Time Post-Marketing Surveillance: The Experience of the Vaccine Safety Datalink SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yih, W. K.; Kulldorff, M.; Lieu, T.; Platt, R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Yih, W. K.; Kulldorff, M.; Lieu, T.; Platt, R.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Boston, MA USA. [Fireman, B.; Klein, N.; Lewis, E.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Weintraub, E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 18 BP S5 EP S6 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 483YQ UT WOS:000269009900013 ER PT J AU Pakula, AT Braun, KV Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Pakula, Amy Thornhill Braun, Kim Van Naarden Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI Cerebral Palsy: Classification and Epidemiology SO PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review DE Epidemiology; Cerebral palsy; Prevalence; Risk factors; Surveillance ID BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; URINARY-TRACT DYSFUNCTION; GROSS MOTOR FUNCTION; PRETERM INFANTS; CHILDREN BORN; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES; DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; LESS-THAN-32 WEEKS; CHANGING PANORAMA; RISK-FACTORS AB This article reviews the historical background, classification, and etiology of cerebral palsy (CP), the most common motor disability of childhood. The various methods employed to measure the prevalence of CP in the population are examined. Causes of CP are numerous, and the etiology multi-factorial. Risk factors are categorized by the timing of their proposed occurrence: prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal. The leading prenatal and perinatal risk factors for CP are birth weight and gestational age. Other risk factors include neonatal encephalopathy, multiple pregnancy, infection and inflammation, and a variety of genetic factors. C1 [Braun, Kim Van Naarden; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pakula, Amy Thornhill] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Marcus Autism Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Yeargin-Allsopp, M (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mxy1@cdc.gov NR 126 TC 36 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 21 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1047-9651 J9 PHYS MED REHABIL CLI JI Phys. Med. Rehabil. Clin. N. Am. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 20 IS 3 BP 427 EP + DI 10.1016/j.pmr.2009.06.001 PG 29 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 489QI UT WOS:000269435800003 PM 19643346 ER PT J AU Melman, SD Steinauer, ML Cunningham, C Kubatko, LS Mwangi, IN Wynn, NB Mutuku, MW Karanja, DMS Colley, DG Black, CL Secor, WE Mkoji, GM Loker, ES AF Melman, Sandra D. Steinauer, Michelle L. Cunningham, Charles Kubatko, Laura S. Mwangi, Ibrahim N. Wynn, Nirvana Barker Mutuku, Martin W. Karanja, Diana M. S. Colley, Daniel G. Black, Carla L. Secor, William Evan Mkoji, Gerald M. Loker, Eric S. TI Reduced Susceptibility to Praziquantel among Naturally Occurring Kenyan Isolates of Schistosoma mansoni SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED ADULTS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; CURE RATES; EGYPTIAN VILLAGERS; PARASITIC DISEASES; WESTERN KENYA; IN-VIVO; SENSITIVITY; INFECTIONS; SENEGAL AB Background: The near exclusive use of praziquantel (PZQ) for treatment of human schistosomiasis has raised concerns about the possible emergence of drug-resistant schistosomes. Methodology/Principal Findings: We measured susceptibility to PZQ of isolates of Schistosoma mansoni obtained from patients from Kisumu, Kenya continuously exposed to infection as a consequence of their occupations as car washers or sand harvesters. We used a) an in vitro assay with miracidia, b) an in vivo assay targeting adult worms in mice and c) an in vitro assay targeting adult schistosomes perfused from mice. In the miracidia assay, in which miracidia from human patients were exposed to PZQ in vitro, reduced susceptibility was associated with previous treatment of the patient with PZQ. One isolate ("KCW'') that was less susceptible to PZQ and had been derived from a patient who had never fully cured despite multiple treatments was studied further. In an in vivo assay of adult worms, the KCW isolate was significantly less susceptible to PZQ than two other isolates from natural infections in Kenya and two lab-reared strains of S. mansoni. The in vitro adult assay, based on measuring length changes of adults following exposure to and recovery from PZQ, confirmed that the KCW isolate was less susceptible to PZQ than the other isolates tested. A sub-isolate of KCW maintained separately and tested after three years was susceptible to PZQ, indicative that the trait of reduced sensitivity could be lost if selection was not maintained. Conclusions/Significance: Isolates of S. mansoni from some patients in Kisumu have lower susceptibility to PZQ, including one from a patient who was never fully cured after repeated rounds of treatment administered over several years. As use of PZQ continues, continued selection for worms with diminished susceptibility is possible, and the probability of emergence of resistance will increase as large reservoirs of untreated worms diminish. The potential for rapid emergence of resistance should be an important consideration of treatment programs. C1 [Melman, Sandra D.; Steinauer, Michelle L.; Cunningham, Charles; Wynn, Nirvana Barker; Loker, Eric S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Ctr Evolutionary & Theoret Immunol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Kubatko, Laura S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Stat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kubatko, Laura S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Mwangi, Ibrahim N.; Mutuku, Martin W.; Mkoji, Gerald M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Biotechnol Res & Dev, Nairobi, Kenya. [Karanja, Diana M. S.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Colley, Daniel G.; Black, Carla L.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Colley, Daniel G.; Black, Carla L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Secor, William Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Melman, SD (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Ctr Evolutionary & Theoret Immunol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM michelle.steinauer@oregonstate.edu RI Kubatko, Laura/A-7834-2008 OI Kubatko, Laura/0000-0002-5215-7144 FU National Institutes of Health [R01AI044913, R01AI053695] FX National Institutes of Health grants R01AI044913 and R01AI053695 supported this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 166 Z9 175 U1 1 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 3 IS 8 AR e504 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000504 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 486TL UT WOS:000269220900010 PM 19688043 ER PT J AU Won, KY de Rochars, MB Kyelem, D Streit, TG Lammie, PJ AF Won, Kimberly Y. de Rochars, Madsen Beau Kyelem, Dominique Streit, Thomas G. Lammie, Patrick J. TI Assessing the Impact of a Missed Mass Drug Administration in Haiti SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID ELIMINATE LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI; PROGRAMS; LEOGANE; PERSPECTIVE; PREVALENCE; STRATEGIES; RESISTANCE C1 [Won, Kimberly Y.; Lammie, Patrick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [de Rochars, Madsen Beau] Hop Ste Croix, Leogane, Haiti. [Kyelem, Dominique] Emory Univ, Decatur, GA USA. [Streit, Thomas G.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Won, KY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pjl1@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 3 IS 8 AR e443 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000443 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 486TL UT WOS:000269220900002 PM 19707279 ER PT J AU Parra, DC Lobelo, F Gomez, LF Rutt, C Schmid, T Brownson, RC Pratt, M AF Parra, Diana C. Lobelo, Felipe Fernando Gomez, Luis Rutt, Candace Schmid, Thomas Brownson, Ross C. Pratt, Michael TI Household motor vehicle use and weight status among Colombian adults: Are we driving our way towards obesity? SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Overweight; Automobile; Nutritional transition; Latin America ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ASSOCIATION; TELEVISION; RISK; ENVIRONMENT; DEFINITION; OVERWEIGHT; NUTRITION; TIME AB Objective. To determine the associations between household motor vehicle ownership and weight status among Colombian adults. Methods. Secondary analysis of data from the 2005 Demographic and HealthSurvey of Colombia. Height, weight and waist circumference were objectively measured in 49,079 adults, ages 18 to 64 that resided in urban settings. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference >80 cm in women and >90 cm in men. Results. Prevalence was 19.9% for motor vehicle ownership in household, 33.1% for BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m(2), 14.4% for BMI>30 kg/m(2), and 46% for abdominal obesity. Males reporting any household motor vehicle ownership were more likely to be overweight or obese, and to have abdominal obesity (p for gender*exposure variables interaction=<0.001). Conclusions. Household motor vehicle ownership is associated with overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity among Colombian men but not women. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lobelo, Felipe; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work,Prevent Res C, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Parra, Diana C.; Fernando Gomez, Luis] Fdn FES SOCIAL, Div Salud, Bogota, Colombia. [Lobelo, Felipe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lobelo, Felipe; Rutt, Candace; Schmid, Thomas; Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Parra, DC (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work,Prevent Res C, 660 S Euclid,Campus Box 8109, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM dparra@gwbmail.wustl.edu RI lobelo, felipe/B-9148-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Lobelo, Felipe/0000-0003-4185-7193 FU National Demographics and Health Survey; Family Welfare Colombian Institute; U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID); Colombian Minister for Social Protection; United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) FX The authors would like to acknowledge Elkin Martinez for his significant contributions to the statistical analysis and conceptual frameworks in earlier drafts of this manuscript. The National Demographics and Health Survey from Colombia - 2005 was carried out with support from the Family Welfare Colombian Institute, the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Colombian Minister for Social Protection, and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). NR 27 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD AUG-SEP PY 2009 VL 49 IS 2-3 BP 179 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.07.010 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 503TF UT WOS:000270562200020 PM 19632267 ER PT J AU Carlson, SA Maynard, LM Fulton, JE Hootman, JM Yoon, PW AF Carlson, Susan A. Maynard, L. Michele Fulton, Janet E. Hootman, Jennifer M. Yoon, Paula W. TI Physical activity advice to manage chronic conditions for adults with arthritis or hypertension, 2007 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Exercise; Counseling; Adults; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ID RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; EXERCISE; RISK AB Objective. To describe the prevalence and characteristics of persons with arthritis or hypertension who received advice from their health-care professional to manage their condition. Methods. Data from 9 states were obtained from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Two modules (Arthritis Management and Actions to Control High Blood Pressure) were analyzed (sample sizes: arthritis 29,698, hypertension 29.783). Results. Fifty-five percent of persons with arthritis and 75.8% of persons with hypertension reported that their health-care professional ever suggested physical activity or exercise to help manage their condition. Correlates for being less likely to receive advice were lower levels of education, longer time since last routine doctor visit, being physically inactive, and having lower body mass index. Among inactive, normal weight persons, 43.0% (95% CI: 38.7, 47.4) with arthritis and 50.0% (95% CI: 44.4, 55.6) with hypertension reported receiving advice; among inactive, obese patients, 59.1% (95% CI: 55.8, 62.3) with arthritis and 74.0% (95% CI: 70.5, 77.3) with hypertension reported receiving advice. Conclusions. Findings suggest that health-care professionals may base physical activity counseling more on body mass index than a patient's activity level. To manage chronic health conditions, health-care professionals should assess patient's physical activity and offer all patients appropriate counseling. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Carlson, Susan A.; Maynard, L. Michele; Fulton, Janet E.; Hootman, Jennifer M.; Yoon, Paula W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. RP Carlson, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-46, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM scarlson1@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD AUG-SEP PY 2009 VL 49 IS 2-3 BP 209 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.017 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 503TF UT WOS:000270562200026 PM 19573554 ER PT J AU Khader, A Shaheen, Y Turki, Y el Awa, F Fouad, H Warren, CW Jones, NR Lea, V Lee, J AF Khader, Ali Shaheen, Youssef Turki, Yassir el Awa, Fatimah Fouad, Heba Warren, Charles W. Jones, Nathan R. Lea, Veronica Lee, Juliette TI Tobacco use among Palestine refugee students (UNRWA) aged 13-15 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Tobacco use; Youth; Refugee population ID RISK BEHAVIOR; SMOKING; ACCULTURATION; ADOLESCENTS AB Objective. The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) has made tobacco use prevention a primary health issue. UNRWA provides education, health, relief and social services in five fields of operation: Jordan, Lebanon. Syria, Gaza Strip and the West Bank. The purpose of this paper is to compare tobacco use among Palestine refugee students and students in the general population of the five fields of operation. Methods. Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data were collected from representative samples of students in UNRWA schools in each of the five fields of operation in 2008. For comparison, previous data are included from GYTS conducted in Gaza Strip, Lebanon, and the West Bank (2005) and in Jordan and Syria (2007). Data are presented for three groups of students: refugees attending schools within and outside the camps and non-refugee students in the general population. Results. In each of the five fields of operation, there was no difference in current cigarette smoking, current use of shisha, or susceptibility to initiate smoking among the three groups of students. Cigarette smoking and susceptibility was lowest in the Gaza Strip and highest in the West Bank; shisha use was lowest in the Gaza Strip but over 30% in Lebanon, Syria, and the West Bank. Exposure to secondhand smoke in public places was greater than 60% in almost all sites. Exposure to indirect advertising was almost 10%. Conclusions. The similarity in tobacco use among the three groups of students suggests that a coordinated plan between the UNRWA and the governmental authority could be most beneficial in reducing the burden of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Khader, Ali; Shaheen, Youssef; Turki, Yassir] UNRWA Headquarters, Amman, Jordan. [el Awa, Fatimah; Fouad, Heba] World Hlth Org, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. [Warren, Charles W.; Lea, Veronica; Lee, Juliette] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Nathan R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. RP Warren, CW (reprint author), Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wcw1@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD AUG-SEP PY 2009 VL 49 IS 2-3 BP 224 EP 228 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.001 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 503TF UT WOS:000270562200029 PM 19520108 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Zhao, GX Mokdad, AH AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Mokdad, Ali H. TI Associations of health risk factors and chronic illnesses with life dissatisfaction among US adults: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2006 SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Life dissatisfaction; Health risk factors; Chronic illness; Subjective well-being ID UNITED-STATES; FOLLOW-UP; SATISFACTION; DISEASE; PREDICTORS; MORTALITY; AGE AB Objective. To estimate the prevalence of life dissatisfaction and assess its associations with health risk factors and chronic illnesses in adults. Methods. Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 2006 (n = 341,140) were analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (Cls) were estimated using logistic regression analyses. Results. The prevalence of life dissatisfaction was estimated to be 5.0% among adults. People with one, two, and three health risk factors were, respectively, 2.2 (95% CI: 2.0-2.5), 3.7 (95% CI: 3.2-4.2), and 5.8 (95% CI: 4.6-7.4) times more likely to report life dissatisfaction than those without (P<0.0001 for linear trend). People with one, two, and three or more chronic illnesses were, respectively, 1.8 (95% CI: 1.7-2.0). 3.6 (95% CI: 3.2-4.0), and 5.0 (95% CI: 4.4-5.7) times more likely to report life dissatisfaction than those without (P<0.0001). After adjustment for self-rated health and other potential confounding variables, the associations were attenuated but remained significant for the number of health risk factors (P<0.0001 for linear trend) and the number of chronic illnesses (P<0.001). Conclusions. Clustering of health risk factors or chronic illnesses was associated with life dissatisfaction independently of self-rated health and other established correlates. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mokdad, Ali H.] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD AUG-SEP PY 2009 VL 49 IS 2-3 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.05.012 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 503TF UT WOS:000270562200035 PM 19501613 ER PT J AU Chu, SY Abe, K Hall, LR Kim, SY Njoroge, T Qin, C AF Chu, Susan Y. Abe, Karon Hall, Laura R. Kim, Shin Y. Njoroge, Terry Qin, Cheng TI Gestational diabetes mellitus: All Asians are not alike SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Asian; Pacific Islanders; Gestational diabetes; Pregnancy; Birth certificate ID BODY-MASS INDEX; NEW-YORK-CITY; RISK-FACTORS; JAPANESE-AMERICANS; VISCERAL ADIPOSITY; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; PREVALENCE AB Objective. To estimate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence estimates for subgroups of US Asian and Pacific Islander (API) women by using data from 2005 and 2006 birth certificates. Methods. Using 2005-2006 natality files from states that implemented the revised 2003 US birth certificate, which differentiates between CDM and preexisting diabetes (2005: 12 states; 2006: 19 states), we calculated age-adjusted GDM prevalence estimates for API mothers who delivered singleton infants. Results. Among 3,108,877 births, US APIs had a substantially higher age-adjusted prevalence of GDM (6.3%) than whites (3.8%), blacks (3.5%), or Hispanics (3.6%). Among API subgroups, age-adjusted GDM prevalence varied significantly, from 3.7% among women of Japanese descent to 8.6% among women of Asian Indian descent. Foreign-born APIs had significantly higher GDM rates than US-born APIs except among women of Japanese and Korean ancestry. Conclusion. Overall, US API women have the highest risk for GDM among all US racial/ethnic groups. However, APIs are a heterogeneous group by genetic background, culture, and diet and other lifestyle behaviors. Our findings imply that, whenever possible, API subgroups should be evaluated separately in health research. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Chu, Susan Y.; Abe, Karon; Hall, Laura R.; Kim, Shin Y.; Njoroge, Terry; Qin, Cheng] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Chu, SY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM syc1@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD AUG-SEP PY 2009 VL 49 IS 2-3 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.07.001 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 503TF UT WOS:000270562200037 PM 19596364 ER PT J AU Anderson, M Elam, G Solarin, I Gerver, S Fenton, K Easterbrook, P AF Anderson, Moji Elam, Gillian Solarin, Ijeoma Gerver, Sarah Fenton, Kevin Easterbrook, Philippa TI Coping With HIV: Caribbean People in the United Kingdom SO QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE coping and adaptation; HIV/AIDS; illness and disease, responses; interviews, semistructured; minorities ID PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; HEALTH INEQUALITIES; ETHNIC-GROUPS; AFRICAN; BLACK; HIV/AIDS; INFECTION; ILLNESS; SELF AB Although Caribbean people in the United Kingdom are increasingly being affected by HIV/AIDS, there has been no examination of how they are coping with the illness. We investigate the coping strategies of HIV-positive Caribbean people using in-depth interviews with a purposively selected group of 25 residents of South London. The main coping strategies were more cognitive than behavioral: restricted disclosure, submersion, faith, and positive reappraisal. These strategies were intertwined in complex ways, and most were rooted in contextual factors, particularly cultural ones. Themes of loss, silence, and reinvention suffused respondents' narratives. Interventions should consider the high degree of stigmatization of HIV/AIDS in the Caribbean community, reluctance to disclose, the likelihood of an initial severe reaction to diagnosis, and external stressors. HIV-positive Caribbean people who are coping well could serve as mentors and role models for poor copers and newly diagnosed patients; establishing Caribbean-specific support groups might also assist coping. C1 [Anderson, Moji] Univ W Indies, Dept Sociol Psychol & Social Work, Kingston 7, Jamaica. [Elam, Gillian] UCL, Ctr Sexual Hlth & HIV Res, London, England. [Solarin, Ijeoma; Gerver, Sarah] Kings Coll London, Guys Kings & St Thomas Sch Med, Acad Dept HIV GUM, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Fenton, Kevin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Easterbrook, Philippa] Kings Coll London, Guys Kings & St Thomas Sch Med, Dept HIV GUM, London WC2R 2LS, England. RP Anderson, M (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Dept Sociol Psychol & Social Work, Kingston 7, Jamaica. FU Medical Research Council [, G0200585] NR 72 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1049-7323 J9 QUAL HEALTH RES JI Qual. Health Res. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 19 IS 8 BP 1060 EP 1075 DI 10.1177/1049732309341191 PG 16 WC Information Science & Library Science; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Information Science & Library Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 475WT UT WOS:000268396500004 PM 19638600 ER PT J AU Pohl, HR Mumtaz, MM Scinicariello, F Hansen, H AF Pohl, Hana R. Mumtaz, Moiz M. Scinicariello, Franco Hansen, Hugh TI Binary weight-of-evidence evaluations of chemical interactions-15 years of experience SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Risk assessment; Chemical mixtures; Interactions; Additivity; Synergism; Antagonism ID BREAST-CANCER RISK; PUBLIC-HEALTH PRACTICE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CYTOCHROME-P450 1A1; CONCURRENT EXPOSURE; MALE-RATS; LEAD; MIXTURES; TOXICITY; CADMIUM AB The paper reflects on the last 15 years of experience in the field of mixtures risk assessment. It summarizes results found in various documents developed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) of the weight-of-evidence (WOE) approach applied to 380 binary combinations of chemicals. Of these evaluations, 156 assessments indicated possible additivity of effects [=], 76 indicated synergism (greater-than-additive effects [>]), and 57 indicated antagonism (less-than-additive effects [<]). However, 91 combinations lacked the minimum information needed for making any assessments and, hence, were undetermined. The paper provides examples of the rationale behind some of the WOE decisions and discusses the importance of expert judgments in risk assessment evaluations. Examples are given regarding the importance of human variability in mixtures' ability to affect human health and regarding the dose versus effect relationships. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Pohl, Hana R.; Mumtaz, Moiz M.; Scinicariello, Franco; Hansen, Hugh] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pohl, HR (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, 1600 Clifton Rd,F-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hpohl@cdc.gov NR 69 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 BP 264 EP 271 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.05.003 PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 476TX UT WOS:000268469900009 PM 19445993 ER PT J AU King, LJ AF King, L. J. TI One world of veterinary medicine SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE One World; Veterinary education; Veterinary medicine AB The veterinary profession finds itself in the midst of a new world order. Today veterinarians are part of a world that is exquisitely interconnected culturally, economically, socially, and professionally. As a consequence, societal needs and expectations of the profession are more demanding, critical and far-reaching. Veterinarians must play important roles in five intersecting domains of work: public health, bio-medical research, global food safety and security, ecosystem health and the more traditional role of caring for animals. To be successful in this broad and complex range of services and activities, veterinarians must possess an expanded knowledge base, acquire new skills, and develop a new mindset that will ensure their success and excellence in all these domains. The veterinary profession is becoming more fragmented and specialised, and it needs to be brought back together by a single sphere of knowledge or discipline that can serve as an intellectual foundation. The concept of One World of Veterinary Medicine can do just that. With this mindset veterinarians will become better connected to the world around and gain new public recognition and esteem. To achieve this, a special commitment by academic veterinary medicine is, of course, essential. Veterinary schools must lead an educational transformation that reaffirms the social contract of veterinarians and works to align diverse sectors, build a global community, find a common purpose and expand the 21st Century veterinary portfolio of services, activities, and new possibilities. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP King, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 28 IS 2 BP 463 EP 467 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 540YI UT WOS:000273376800003 PM 20128453 ER PT J AU Chomel, BB Marano, N AF Chomel, B. B. Marano, N. TI Essential veterinary education in emerging infections, modes of introduction of exotic animals, zoonotic diseases, bioterrorism, implications for human and animal health and disease manifestation SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Bioterrorism; Curriculum; Emerging zoonoses; Exotic companion animals; Veterinary education ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN MONKEYPOX; PHYSICIANS; ZOONOSES; MEDICINE; ECOLOGY; RABIES; RISKS AB A fundamental role of the veterinary profession is the protection of human health through wholesome food and control of diseases of animal origin, especially zoonoses. Therefore, training of veterinary students worldwide needs to face the new challenges posed by emerging infections, both from wildlife and domestic animals, as well as risks from bio/agroterrorism. New courses emphasising recognition, response, recovery and prevention must be developed to respond to natural or intentionally induced emerging diseases and zoonoses. Training programmes in applied epidemiology, zoonoses and foreign animal diseases are crucial for the development of a strong workforce to deal with microbial threats. Students should learn the reporting pathways for reportable diseases in their countries or states. Knowledge of the principles of ecology and ecosystems should be acquired during pre-veterinary studies. Elective classes on wildlife diseases, emphasising wildlife zoonotic diseases, should be offered during the veterinary curriculum, as well as a course on risk communication, since veterinarians are frequently in the position of having to convey complex information under adverse circumstances. C1 [Chomel, B. B.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Marano, N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Geog Med & Hlth Promot Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, NCPDCID,OIE Collaborating Ctr Emerging & Reemergi, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chomel, BB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD AUG PY 2009 VL 28 IS 2 BP 559 EP 565 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 540YI UT WOS:000273376800014 PM 20128464 ER EF